Could you just touch on briefly about the morality of Christianity versus the morality of capitalism and how contradiction it is? Sure. I think that the essence of Christianity, of the morality of Christianity is sacrifice.  So it's all about sacrificing for others. So think about Jesus on a cross. I don't know how many of you follow Jordan Peterson. Or watch Jordan Peterson. Like Jordan Peterson views Jesus on a cross as a superhero. He is the ultimate human hero. Why? Because he's willing to give up his life in the most brutal, horrible death for sins other people commit. It's the ultimate altruistic act. It's the ultimate act of self-negation and of living for other people. And that's the most simple. So you to be modeled. The ultimate to be modeled. The standard of morality is the superhero. Dying, not for sins he committed. That would be understandable if you commit sins, you pay for them. But for sins other people commit. Right? But nothing he did for no reason he dies. And so the whole idea here is that you should live for other people. You should sacrifice for other people. You should die for other people. If you look at saints, Christian saints. Ever seen a painting of a Christian saint smiling? No. That would defeat the idea of a saint. What makes you a saint is not helping other people. If helping other people made you a saint then no gates would be a saint. Then Carnegie and Morgan and Rockefeller would be saints. The great entrepreneurs and industrialists in Korea would be saints. Because they helped other people. They changed the world. They made the world a better place for millions and billions of people. But businessmen are saints. But no, they're not saints. Christianity doesn't think they're saints. Why? Because they benefited from helping other people. They helped themselves while helping other people. And that's not acceptable in Christianity. It has to be pure. You have to live for others. You have to suffer in helping others to be a saint. Some other Teresa who helped very few people, relatively speaking, is a saint because she suffered.  That made her a saint. If you have a good life while helping other people, you don't get a saint. Lots of people have helped more people than other Teresa. Lots of people have helped. I mean from businessmen help, the world more than other Teresa. Charity workers. Social workers go out there and work with poor people. Lots of people have done more good than other Teresa. But they didn't suffer as much. They didn't project that suffering. They didn't make up a deal of their suffering. She did. She became a saint. That's the standard. So Christianity at the end of the day is about sacrifice. It's about altruism. It's about living for others. And that's what gets you into heaven. And when you don't do that, Christians who pursue their own interests in this world and accumulate wealth, maybe run a business, do stuff like that, they feel guilty. So guilt is part of Christianity because altruism is anti-life. And when you live, you feel guilty because you should have been a Mother Teresa. You should have suffered. And I think there's this real conflict. And that's why you can't base capitalism on Christianity. Because capitalism is about succeeding. It's about trading. It's about win-win relationships. Not about suffering. Not about sacrifice. Not about giving. It's about making, producing, trading. And Christianity is not about that. It's not the essential element. You want to ask about this? Yes. What would you say to those who would describe Christianity as an essential element of Christianity as being, oh, there is a spark of the divine in everyone. Potentially, I'm not exactly sure about what the Christians totally believe, but that every person is a value or potential value and how that's kind of opposed to the sort of low-ending fruit of this oh, altruism is evil. Well, I think that Christianity is mixed. And any primitive philosophy, which is what religion is, is mixed and contradictory. And Ein Rand said that the one good thing about Christianity, the one thing that Christianity added if you will to Western civilization, the only thing really that it added in terms of value, is this idea that the individual mattered. That you had this spark of divinity and therefore you mattered in some way. See, I think she overestimates that. I mean, that's my personal view. I think that already existed in Greece. Individuals mattered. Look at Greek sculpture and tell me that they didn't care about individuals. So I don't think that contribution to Christianity. And if you look at Christian history, it doesn't matter. Christian history doesn't care that you have a divine spark.  It doesn't care about your opinion. It doesn't care about anything about you as an individual. Sacrifice to God, sacrifice to the church, sacrifice to your fellow man. That's it, right? So when Christianity is dominant during the Dark Ages, during the reign of the Catholic Church, or even in Calvin's dictatorship, right? If you want the Protestants, right? What did Calvin do with the spark of divinity in every human being? He created the dictatorship because these little sparks needed to be told what to do and how to behave. And in pain, he didn't inflict it on them. And if you read Martin Luther, what does Martin Luther write about this world? He says, this world is horrible.   Disgusting creatures. And that we only can attain the beauty and the full manifestation of our humanity in the afterlife. That's when the world is beautiful and divine.  So all of the history of Christianity negates this idea of the spark. And to me, that's what's important. Because even if it's somewhere in the New Testament, right? It doesn't play out. Nobody cares. Not Aquinas' case, right? And Aquinas changes the world. But Aquinas changes the world across secular philosophy, not quite Christian philosophy. So I'm very down on Christianity. And down in Judaism, right? Because I read the whole Testament saying you have no freedom of religion, no freedom of speech, no economic freedom. And you're supposed to obey. It's very authoritarian. I mean, the essence of religion is authoritarianism.  Yes, sir. Off I go. And that's what makes you a moral hero. Is that you don't question. Right? You don't question.  Right? Which is what he should have said. He obeys. And that is moral authoritarianism. And that's off. I wrote that down. I want to talk more about that. About what? About Abraham and Isaac. It's clear-cut.  Right? And there are a thousand examples like this. Right? Moses comes down with the Ten Commandments. He comes down from Mount Sinai with the Ten Commandments. And he sees a few Jews worshiping a golden calf. He doesn't calmly put the tablets down.  We just don't have anything to do with you. Go over there and do your worshiping. We believe in one God. That's not what he does. He gets angry, drops the tablets. He shouts. He goes to his brother.  They catch a sword and they kill, 30,000 people that day. And God rewards them. God says, good job. Aaron, you can be the priest of the Jews from now on. Because you did such a good job defending my religion from those pagans. I didn't, oh, just let's follow this stuff. Slaughter and mayhem in the name of God. And obey, obey, obey. Right? Why doesn't Moses see the light of Israel? These are what we're raised on, right? Moses is never allowed to go into the state. He takes the Jews out of Egypt. He does all those things. He travels with them for 40 years in the desert. He's not allowed to go on. He strikes the rock. He strikes the rock instead of just, you know, because God is going to bring the water out of the rock. And he strikes the rock instead of just letting the water just spring out of it.  You had to hit it so that the water would come out. If you didn't believe, I could do it without you hitting it. So you're not going to see, I mean, really? What kind of God are you? I mean, I've worked 40 years to get the people here. You're not letting me in? Give me a break.  Slaughter And it's really bad stuff. What we need today, what I call the new intellectual, would be any man or woman who is willing to think. Meaning any man or woman who knows that man's life must be guided by reason, by the intellect, not by feelings, wishes, whims or mystic revelations. Any man or woman who values his life and who does not want to give in to today's cult of despair, cynicism and impotence and does not intend to give up the world to the dark ages and to the role of the collectivist. Using the super chat and I noticed yesterday when I appealed for support for the show, many of you step forward and actually supported the show for the first time. So I'll do it again. Maybe we'll get some more today. If you like what you're hearing, if you appreciate what I'm doing, then I appreciate your support. Those of you who don't yet support the show, please take this opportunity, go to Iranbrookshow.com slash support or go to subscribestar.com, Iranbrookshow and make a kind of a monthly contribution to keep this going. I'm not showing the next...


Investing is most intelligent when most business-like. I think that's an essential sentence for long-term investing success. I perhaps have made a mistake on this channel and discussed a lot how stock prices move and we focused on where the stock will go in the next three six months. I cannot guess where it will go in the next six months. I don't think anybody can. You can bet on it. It's a positive game because in the long-term stock prices will go up but nobody can know. And there is a great link from the movie The Wolf of Wall Street. I have put it in the description below so please watch that. That's crucial to the point how nobody can guess what the stock market will do in the shorter. However what I prefer to do is analyze the business and you can estimate relatively correctly with the margin of error of course what will businesses do. And that's going back to Graham and his sentence that investing is most intelligent when most business-like. So in this video we'll discuss six points that describe that sentence and perhaps you'll like it or you probably won't like it because many of the comments here is okay where can I make a quick gain 20-30-50% in a few months of double-bagger in 10 months. I wish I knew I tried to help you as much as I can. There are some stocks that did go up some stocks didn't some stock went up went down so it happens. However if you focus on the business and you guess the business in the long-term you'll do very well. The first rule is keep things simple. If you understand the business okay then you can invest in it. If you don't understand the business then better don't invest in that business. I don't understand nano, DRAM, chips and who will win in that environment. What will mobile phone phones in the next two years use I don't know and that's why I'm not investing in NVIDIAs or micron or those companies. Perhaps if I put myself into it I really read a month about it then I can understand it. However I don't for now so I'm not investing in those companies. I'm missing out but I think for me if my personal risks are then much lower. Second point focus on the productivity of the asset you are purchasing. For example we discussed Amira the stock price went from 4.7 to almost $7 so more than 50% and then it went back to $5 when I don't know what the market expected. Nevertheless the company is still profitable the earnings were very positive the PE ratio is 5 so if I look at the business performance I am at returns of around 15-20% per year and as they have been so in the last six years I expect them to be so in the next six to ten years. If that really reflects in the long term the stock price my investment returns will be very very good however I need to have patience and if I buy more when the stock market is a rational and offers me at a lower price even better for me I can even rebalance as I did in the past two years when it was at a high price so very interesting to see if you look at an investment from a business perspective everything is much much easier. This leads to the third question focusing on stock prices is speculation so if you focus on where the stock price will go in the short term it means you're a speculator you can be a very good speculator but then there are different techniques that look especially now high-frequency trading and now you need a lot of software power to do that you cannot I think in this environment do that well with just looking at the few charts that everybody else is looking so perhaps if you develop yourself with a few years I'm definitely sure that you can be also good speculator however business like looking at the performance of a business is much much easier I think this leads to number four that the winners are those who focused on the playing field and not who are focused on the scoreboard the SAP 500 really tripled in the last seven years so that's very good but it can half its value in the next six twelve months so if you focus on the scoreboard you can quickly be in a losing position instead of a very good winning position however if focus on earnings you exactly know what is the stock market or this specific business going to deliver in the long term and what are the risks and again it makes investing much more easier now we discuss also a lot of macro trends risks but that's only for positioning ourselves in the trends that are positive and long-term and certain demographics and then finding good businesses that are exposed to those trends I don't know when the next recession will start I don't know whether we'll be inflation whether the Fed's going to rise interest rates what will happen in Korea nobody knows and we can't know and if you follow all those things and position yourself according with your portfolio you lose a lot because in 2012 you would have sold everything because the US was going bankrupt or was it 2011 then there was trouble in Europe then there was trouble in China then there was this and that so if you focus on those shorter macro trends you don't know you lose yourself very quickly and then you can lose a lot of money especially those who sold in 2011 have lost a lot but in 2011 valuations were low and it was a good business decision to invest in stocks number six to conclude really if you want to invest feel like a business owner okay I have this part of a business and then take advantage from the market offering you a price every day don't look at it okay the stock price went up went down I lost I made a gain no though look at it okay the stock price went down I'm happy I'll buy more thank you market the stock market went up and your returns are above the line of return you expect you say okay I'll sell if it comes back down I'll buy again so really take advantage of Mr. markets irrational movements thank you for watching any other rules that we have to follow in order to be more business like please leave them in the comments click like if you liked the content subscribe for more and I'll see you in the next video


This video is proudly supported by my patreon and youtube members. Sign up to gain early access to videos from just one dollar one pound or one euro. It is the evening of the 9th of March 1976 and tourists are queuing up to ride a cable car down from Mount Cermis. Most of the travellers boarding the cabins look forward to a five to six minute long journey, a descent with spectacular views of the North Eastern Italian Dolomites. Because of the large number of people waiting for cabins, operators cram as many into each vehicle. One such cabin has 44 people aboard, more than the recommended 40. But the operator thinks, well some are children so that couldn't count as a whole person, right? The cabin sets off down the mountain. What all aboard don't know is that in just a few minutes, only one would still be alive, as they have become unwitting participants in the world's worst cable car disaster. But it wouldn't actually be the only disaster to befall the cable car. But today we're looking at the first Cavalese cable car disaster. A little background goes a long way. A settlement existed on the site of Cavalese ever since the Bronze Ages. The town that became known as Cavalese started in the 12th century. The town went from strength to strength as it developed mills, sawmills and blacksmiths for copper manufacturing along the Gambis Brook. Like many towns with an impressive mountain range on their doorstep, tourism became a vital part of the local economy. Cavalese was no different, and during the 1900s, especially in the mid-century after World War II, the area saw droves of skiers, mountain climbers and general public go to Mount Cermis. The Dolomites Alps have become a world famous destination for skiers. In order to improve the town's connection to the ski resorts and offer expedited travel up the mountain, a cable car was constructed in 1964. The line ran for roughly three miles and had three stops. Cavalese, a middle stop at Doste Loresi and at the top Mount Cermis. The system used two cables to guide and safely hold each carriage which are known as cabins. These are known as the static track cable and the traction or haul cable. The static cable is just as it says it doesn't move and the carriage of the cabin which is the bit that has the wheels run on the track cable. The hauling cable is gripped onto and thus moves the cabin up and down the mountain. As one cabin goes up the other one goes down and basically they shuttle from each end of their respective lines as long as the system is in operation. The two cables that are used should never really touch as well something stationary rubbed by something moving causes friction which can cause damage to the cables. As such cable cars like this have safety systems that stop the haulage cable if this is detected. The system at Cavalese had just that but it could be overridden. It's not advisable but can be used in certain emergency situations. The cable car was programmed to slow down slightly when travelling over the pylons to reduce wear on the cabins carriage and the cables. The cabins were rated to carry a weight of 40 people and had a journey time of roughly six and a half minutes. Sometimes however this system must have felt like throughput was not enough as queues often developed during peak periods and one such was the evening on the 9th of March 1976 for disaster. It is the evening of the 9th of March 1976 and cableway operator Carlo Schweizer is working his shift. It is a busy evening and the queues are starting to mount up. The cableway officials had found a sneaky way to improve the six and a half minute journey time. They found that if they altered the program that slows down the cabin when it navigates across the pylon they could get some of that time reduced by speeding up the cabin. By doing this they managed to shave a minute off the journey time. Operators were also encouraged to squeeze as many people into each cabin and this would exceed the 40 person weight limit. Because of the increased speed and weight emergency shutoffs became common place as the two cables touched under the greater strain. Operators had become a little bit blasé to overriding the safety system but Carlo wouldn't really know much about this. He was a seasonal worker who had not been licensed or properly trained to operate the system. Carlo would on one particular cabin squeeze 44 people in. His justification would be that there were more children than the usual as such not being as heavy but it wasn't like he was getting out a scale to make everyone stand on it. This was around 5 16 p.m. The cabin was now full and was sent down its way towards the middle station. After this the cabin must negotiate the middle pylon. This evening it doesn't slow down due to the program change and bumps over at a speed of 10 meters per second. Due to the speed the cables crossover triggering the cable safety system grinding the cabin to a halt. Carlo's training sprung into action. Oh wait he actually wasn't trained. He was stumped and didn't know how to get the system up and running again. So he got on the phone for some help and this came from Aldo Guillen Mona who told him to bypass the safety system. You see this situation was common since the increase in speed the safety stop was overridden frequently and that's what would happen this evening. The cable car was restarted and the cabin continued to move. The engine pulling the haul cable powered up but the two cables were still crossed over. The excess weight exerted greater pressure on the static cable as the traction cable ground across it. Essentially it was like a saw cutting away at the track cable. In the opposite direction, in the second cabin, another operator, Giorgio Di Matteo would see the cabin moving but shooting sparks from the cables. He attempted to call us in but the phone in his cabin couldn't connect. 90 seconds later the track cable snaps plunging the cabin down 69 meters or 200 feet. But due to the safety system being overridden the engine winding the cable continued to run dragging the cabin along the ground between 100 and 200 meters. During the drag the three-ton carriage slammed into the roof of the cabin crushing it in. All but one of the 44 aboard lost their lives including 15 children and an 18-year-old cable car attendant. Some survived the fall only to be suffocated by the bodies of their fellow travellers. Carlo in the control room had to duck as the cables snapped back and crashed into the engine smashing the windows. Alessandra Piovacana survived the crash. She had been protected from the fall by the bodies of the victims and luckily had been in the front portion of the cabin which had been the least impacted. The operator in the other direction, Giorgio Di Matteo, got to earth safely by the use of an emergency ladder after being stranded for a little while between the middle stop and the pylon. With the worst cable car disaster in their hands investigators sought out to find out why and how the Cavalli system failed so catastrophically. The world's eyes were now on Italy as the news spread and was reported by some of the largest news organisations globally. The investigation investigators sought out advice from the cables manufacturer Achieri Ferraria Lombardi. After careful inspection they found grooves on the snapped line and signs of intense heat caused by friction. It was estimated that the heat was 1300 degrees Celsius. This pretty much unequivocally pointed blame at the cable crossover. This along with Di Matteo's witness statement of seeing sparks when the cabin was moving led investigators to say that it was the only possible and plausible hypothesis. The cable car owners claimed that the cable had been fully tested in October with the full weight of a cabin. Although it may be the case that it was tested, the test didn't take into account the cable crossover and overloading of passengers. This then pointed the blame away from manufacturing issues and more towards operational issues. Clearly Carlo was not properly trained for his job and it's easy to solely blame him but it goes higher than just the actions of one person on the day. After all if you don't properly tell someone how to do their job they will use their judgement which may overlook key safety points like don't overload. Carlo was also instructed over the phone to override the safety system. Lift officials would deny this phone call ever happened essentially trying to push Carlo under the bus. Carlo was found guilty at trial of manslaughter and sentenced to three years serving only nine months. Aldo, Guyan, Mona the one who ordered the override was also sentenced to three years on the same charges of manslaughter. The cable car was rebuilt only to be the scene for yet another disaster but maybe I'll cover that on another day. So I'm going to rate this disaster as negligent due to the terrible operation of the cable car that evening and a six on the legacy scale but an eight on the cable car only legacy scale. This is a plain difficult production. All videos on the channel are creative commons attribution share light license. Plain difficult videos are produced by me John in a currently dark and cold corner of southern London UK. I have youtube members and patrons who financially support the channel and I'd like to thank you and I'd also like to thank the rest of you for tuning in every week for your daily for your weekly dose of disasters. If you're enjoying this outro song then please check out my second channel made by John and all that's left to say is thank you for watching and Mr Music Man play us out please.


Good afternoon everyone, I'm Alex Duc, and I'm Head of Research at your town that is a design house working in the field of the Internet of Things. We are in France, in Lyon, and we have some expertise in electronic design, RF, wireless devices, cloud application, also machine learning. And we are interested in software-defined radio, and we are also doing research, collaborative research, and the project that I will show you this afternoon is part of them. So, I will try to explain what our motivation is, why we want to use software-defined radio. And I will introduce the FET4FriO Plus H2020 project, and the wireless testbed for wireless devices, RF, and cognitive radio at EMEK. I will show how we can use this testbed, how we can access it and deploy your own radio software into it. And then I will show the first results of our experiments. So, we see that software-defined radio is popularizing, and the cost of the device has become lower and lower, and software library, like new radio, is maturing. I see that there is a lot of interest of SDR in academia, a lot of people, more and more work, more and more guys are using SDR in academia. And so, we would like to use it on our own devices and to put what academia is doing and to put it into industrial and commercial projects. So, we would like to use SDR for finger printing, passive authentication, like for pairing, and also localization. So, the main application domain that we are targeting is for manufacturing for wireless bench or wireless robot, autonomous vehicle in a rare host, for instance, and also for drone. So, we would like to authenticate this device while they are communicating and also localize them and to authenticate them according to the localization. So, for instance, if you have an autonomous vehicle that is moving into a warehouse, we would like to allow it to communicate and to send that out, leave it at a precise localization. So, we go to the paper and go to the state of the arts, and we see that there are relevant papers that is already achieving quite similar tool and quite similar research. And the last one is from the lab where I did my PhD, and we have some guys that's from our team, Thibovial, that also contributes to one of this paper. But, however, all of this paper does not study real-world IoT devices. Most of them don't rely on conventional communication protocols. Some of them are not reposable. Others provide data cells, but it is too small to then study them reliably. Others study fingerprinting, but the node doesn't move, so we can't learn localization. So, we would like to do our own experiments using off-the-shelf devices, and we need a wide, large testbed to collect enough data and do it in a reproducible way. So, we go through the different testbeds that are available, remote testbeds, open testbeds, and we see that there is the FED4-FRIEPLUS testbed, and that is a research project that offers a federation of different kinds of testbeds across all the Europe. And they also offer a continuous call for SME, so they provide small funds to allow SME to access the testbed, provide feedback, and do their own experiments on the testbeds. So, there are different kinds of testbeds that are part of the FED4-FRIEPLUS federation, and so different kinds, so wireless testbed, IoT testbed, CT lab testbed, also big data, HPC testbed, and cognitive radio testbeds. And the ones that particularly interest us is the wireless iLab testbed that is close to Brixel, that it provides IoT node, wireless node, cognitive radio node, software defined radio, and a lot of stuff that we could use. So, here is a picture of the wireless iLab testbed, so it's kind of a big warehouse where sensors and wireless nodes are put across the building. So, there are two testbeds, in fact. The first one is the wireless iLab one. It's mostly focused on sensor IoT devices, and the second one, more focused on the software defined radio and also on Wi-Fi sensor LTE devices. So, you can also put your own device into it. You can use it for LTE research, you can put your own base station into it, and use the hardware that is already in place. And that's this one that we will use, because there are robots, there are USRP, and a lot of devices that will show you a bit later. So, for the IoT devices that are deployed in the building, so, there are Zollertia with 2.5 GHz, with ultrawide bands. There are also ZigBee, and there are also some other kind of sensors from Nordic semiconductor, but it's only on the wireless iLab one and not on the wireless iLab two. And about software defined radio devices, there are different kinds of USRP and also HPG. And all of these devices can be remotely programmed, and you can access them remotely. So, in fact, each node is connected to a kind of laptop. It's usually an Intel node with an embedded PC, and you can access to this node, to this PC, and then access the node. There are also different nodes that are mobile, they are put into robots, and you can control the trajectory of the node. So, you can collect data and send data while you are moving the wireless nodes. So, here is the map of the different nodes that are located across the building. And you can see the different kinds of nodes, and you can select each node. So, how you can access this node? So, first time you can request, create an account on this web page on the iLab autoritory. So, it's open, and I think that you can just subscribe to it and fill the form, and they will probably ask you for the reason you want an account, what is your project, and then they will approve the account and you can access testbed. The next step is to browse the available device and to book them.  And then, they provide the software to access the nodes, that is GFit, so you install it. You log in, you select the node that you are, and you can then create the experiment. So, you select the node, you set up the image that you want to install, that you want to deploy. And then, you can access to a shell, to a remote cell through SSH. So, for about our experiment, we use the mobile node and the Nexus 6P device, the smartphone that is on the robot, because we can put into it our own application. So, we create an application that is broadcasting Bluetooth advertising packets and we then collect the data using software-defined radios, using this USRP. And we build a basic radio application to collect the IQ data to create our data sets. And we also rely on billed-dumped projects, that is an open source code that is demotivating Bluetooth advertising and collects them, so you can use it then into your shark. So, here is the basic flow graph. So, you see that we put first the IQ data into row 5 for further processing to create our data sets. And on the same time, we demodulate the data and create the packet. So, we have two outputs. First, the row IQ data and the second, the advertising packet into a pick-up. So, now about the scenario of experimentation. So, first we have the USRP that is receiving the data and the smartphone that is advertising. The smartphone can move and the USRP, the receiver, is fixed. We then use sequentially the difference emitter and at the same position with the same receiver and then we move them and we can use different receiver. And finally, we can use different smartphones at the same time to collect advertising for different devices at the same time. So, here is the capture of the testbed while we are running the experiment. So, we can access to a live camera to see what's happened in the testbed. And here is some picture of the recording of the data and we display the pick-up into a shark. And the thing that's above, it's the remote shell that's connected to the smartphone. So, about the next step, we will open source everything and write the communication so everybody will be able to reproduce this experiment and improve it. We will also publish our data sets and put everything into Zinodo. And then we will try different kind of RF protocol like ZigBee and maybe you'll try bonds. And we also will use extensively the robots to move all the nodes. Now, we have created a data set. So, the next step is to rely on another kind of testbed that is a virtual lab that is data center with GPU. And we would like to do some machine learning with a data set to fingerprint the device to identify each devices and also to localize them. And I think that's it. And we will also participate in the stage 2 of the experiment that is another kind of funding that is providing by the testbed and if you are also interested in participating to this project you can apply for funding. I think that you will be happy to have your own experiments into it and provide feedback to them. So, before ending, I would like to thank first the team at the wireless iLab that is supporting us during the experiment. Also, our team at Airtone, we are in fact three guys working on this project and if you want to follow our update about this project we will probably move to the European Nourage days in June in France. I think that there is a lot of advertising about this event during the day room but we will be happy to meet you there. So, I think that it's time for Christian's feedback comments and I will be happy to have your feedback about this project. Did you have any kind of direction finding with how it's implemented but the SPR you showed only has two RF inputs. Did you have this SPR direction finding of the RT device? Do you know where the RT device is located? Yeah, sure. And how did you do it with only two inputs on the radio? Two inputs on the... The US API you showed only two RF inputs. So, how does the localisation work? Yeah, in fact, we are using the IQ data for that. So, in fact, because we can move all the nodes, we can move them across all the building. So, applying machine learning into that, the fingerprint is different according to the localisation into the building. So, it's not... we don't do triangulation or un golf arrival or something like that. Yeah. We don't tend to have MIMO or antenna array as a receiver for that. Yeah. Yeah. Can you repeat loader, please? For doing what? For... You have your stack of servers at the end, presumably to do some IQ data processing, right? Yeah. Do you provide any software framework to assist with that process? Not yet, not yet, in fact. Yeah. Question here. Yeah. Do you plan on... Sub-egress sensors? Yes. I think that it's on the... on the... on our world map because there are some sensors in the... I think it's 100... 800... MHz. So, I think that's... we can try it. Yeah. Do you plan a real world validation with results afterwards because your results may be very specific to the environment or testing? Yeah. It's on the second. We just would like to... We just... The next step is to develop algorithm and everything and validate it in the test bed and then sure our goal is to move it to the real world. Yeah. Do you have any questions? Same gone? Let's take Alex again. Yeah.


Hello, everyone, and thanks for coming to my presentation. And the presentation is about Rust in kernel CI, but it's mainly about kernel CI. And Rust is a catch phrase. But I will talk a bit about Rust. So I'm Hariso Tachibana. And I am a gen2 developer. And I'm part of the kernel CI Technical Serene Committee. I'm part of the CRP. And I work for Cybertas Japan. So about this presentation, most of the things that I say that is right in my presentation are mostly my opinion. So I will talk a bit about what is kernel CI and what is Rust for Linux. But I think most of you know probably what is kernel CI, what is Rust for Linux. And then I will talk about what we are implementing in kernel CI for testing with Rust for Linux. So kernel CI is a continuous integration system that is used by the venus community. And it sends some major report to stable mailing list and to some particularly sending to Greg. But everyone can see from the mailing list, can see the report of kernel CI. And kernel CI is trying to take a distributed approach. So every part is practically can be distributed theoretically. So kernel CI is done by the Technical Serene Committee and advisory board. And we are meeting the Technical Serene Committee one at a month. And I think also the advisory board. But I'm not sure because I'm only in the Technical Serene Committee. And there are some members that are supporting work of kernel CI. So kernel CI is helping practically keeping what we at least giving a view on what we are adding to the kernel. And see that nothing's broke. So why is it scalable? Because it's divided in. We are using different part of kernel CI that can be installed and distributed. Lava Docker actually is still the main kernel CI laboratory. But currently we are trying to not only use Lava Docker, but also trying to use different system for testing. And we have also some repository where we are having the test definition. And we are using current Jenkins, but we are moving to a different system that is called a kernel CI API. But it's not completed yet. I think some part of it is working with that, but not yet everything. So we have not only kernel CI, but also some other operating system that are helping sending data to kernel CI. And all this data is send upstream or anywhere that can be viewed by a kernel CI website. So distributed. And we have many test labs. And everyone can add his own test lab. And we have current kernel 3 under that are tested by kernel CI, but actually there are more. And I think I didn't add the rest. Yeah, I didn't add the rest. So RAS4Linux, RAS4Linux is the project that is trying to add in support to offer us to the Linux kernel. And it is made by, I think, Mycology. Some other, where is Montana and reviewer. And the work is supported by this company. And yeah, it is adding the support. And if you want to use it, there is many guidelines, like explaining how to use RAS4Linux. And what the current thing for RAS4Linux is that is currently only support a specific version of RAS. Like you can try to probably build with all the one, but probably not everything is working. Because as explained after, RAS4Linux is using some unstable feature of RAS. And this can break when you try to use RAS4Linux. And then it's using bingen that is binding the C side of the kernel. And CLAB part of LLVM. So I think I read it. So yeah, I was talking about the unstable feature that is using RAS4Linux. And actually, there are many. And I don't know how I can show that page. There is a pending issue. Actually, I was thinking about making this a recent I was thinking about making this more for both presentation for everything that is. So this is the least of all the unstable feature that is using RAS4Linux for the kernel. And there are actually many. So and that's why only one version of RAS is practically working with RAS4Linux. And currently, RAS4Linux is using two main systems for checking every patch that is going to RAS4Linux. One is using CLAB and the other is using GitHub Action. But I think GitHub Action is currently only for like very recently deprecated the RAS branch in favor of RAS Next. And I don't know if GitHub Action is yet working on the RAS Next. And Kinesiai recently deprecated the RAS branch. So we got added one year ago. We got added the branch of RAS4Linux under Kinesiai for taking it under control. And from there, in that patch, actually, we got the branch repository. And then we got the fragment of the configuration that is going to be for Kinesiai. And we enable the module, some sample module for checking that RAS4Linux is building. But the problem was that recently we are actually not building it. And I look at why. And probably we didn't get the first part of the fragment, but only the sample part. So I sent a Pura question yesterday for asking to build both. And this one is the core practically of Kinesiai that is building RAS4Linux. And it's also building Keseptes, but I'm not sure what reason. And the interesting part is we build an environment that is the environment that is used for building RAS4Linux. So Kinesiai is practically each build of its own environment. And RAS environment is based on slang plus some RAS component. So I wish you after, but we are making the doctrine of RAS4Linux. And actually, anyone can use it. And we have a patch with the sender actually yesterday. And we started to build some module. But actually, I still have to think about what we have to do with such like OK to build, but what other tests can be done. And if such tests are enough good for Kinesiai. And so the first part of the building feature that we was making the doctrine of RAS4Linux is actually on everyone can download that and play with Kinesiai doctrine of RAS4Linux. So the doctrine of RAS4Linux is another fragment in Kinesiai. The first one was Yamle. And this one, I think, is Jinja because it is practically just the docker-compose part of the docker-building image. And we're trying to follow RAS4Linux. RAS4Linux is helping us with sending some patch. Like when we are stabilizing the new version of RAS4Linux, we are sending us, usually, the patch for the new RAS4HUDDing new version of RAS4Linux. So we're actually trying to collaborate also with RAS4Linux and RAS4Linux is collaborating for RAS4Linux. I sent also some little patch for RAS4Linux. So the docker-compose part is practically just getting the RAS4Linux toolchain. And with RAS4Linux, it's just installing the toolchain that we have. The RAS part is then work it by another part. And install the Jinja. And then I think it's installing also RASFNT, that is the format in Kinesiai for RAS4Linux. And then we have also Clippy, but we are not using Clippy. So it could be a new feature of what we want to test with Kinesiai. There is on the canal.org, where the computation is right, the minimal version for building with RAS4Linux in the canal. And you can also do some RAS4Linux available for knowing if it's building or not. So I was saying recently we divided the RAS branch. So a new development branch in RAS4Linux, it became RASDev, but it's not yet under Kinesiai. We have a problem of putting everything under Kinesiai, but we also need to see that we are not overflowing with the source of Kinesiai. So this one is how you can see from the web page about the build of RAS4Linux, checking that we are building RAS. So in the Kinesiai web page, if you click on the build option, you can add write RAS in the search, and you will see all the build that we are doing for RAS. And currently, I think in the production version of Kinesiai, we have probably really few build. And we are mostly building on the staging version, that is the development version of Kinesiai. So I'm trying to move in such things to the production of Kinesiai. And yeah, we need author of Kinesiai and RAS4Linux. Yeah, if you click on the result on the build status, you can see. But I think also by the mail that is sending each time, I don't know if staging is actually sending the mail. We will try to send the mail from now on. I don't know how it's feasible. And if you see on the build, there is the log. And on the log, you can see that actually building RAS, but these need to be automated. And please, not automated, I think. At least they just automated the fact that if nothing broke, it's OK. But Docker, that build, and that is the node name, that is RASC, the last version. So in the future, Kinesiai is currently building RAS, but it has not so much of testing of RAS, some part. But it's using the sample configuration that is inside the RAS4Linux, that is building some module and say that is everything OK. But I think recently, and that's why we had a sample. Because actually, we are both competing in the sample in RAS, but we are doing the same thing. And actually, I'm not even sure why we had both. And I think one of the sample parts are not building, because I tried yesterday and I couldn't. I found only the print and some part of it. It was a mix of RAS4Linux sample and RAS2 sample. So we probably have to fix such things. So another thing that we can use is using Clippy. It is very interesting that is used by RAS4Linux, but not everything that Clippy found is actually a problem for RAS3N kernel. So I try to send some pre-quest about that. Some got closed, some got merged. I think few of them got actually merged. And then recently, I don't know the pronunciation, but I will introduce Cosinell for RAS at the last RAS4Linux workshop in two months ago. And we actually have a Cosinell Docker environment on CNSI. So I actually don't even know if it's actually used by CNSI if we just have such things. So this could be an interesting part of making Cosinell check-in, also checking RAS4Linux. So I don't know if someone is interested about looking into this. And then also this one, I think this one is more old, but I read about that also two months ago, that they recently would use RAS3C, Cosinell GCC, for building RAS4Linux with GCC with this patch. And so we could also make a Docker for RAS3C or the GCC. So this could be another option. And another thing that I was talking about on RAS4Linux on one of the requests that sent to CNSI was that we are currently following the maximum version. One only version of RAS4Linux. But in the future, he said that it will be also the minimum and maximum version. So probably CNSI will follow both. But it's still about how many resources we can use for checking everything. Me or some other person will try probably to send a patch for this in the future. But I don't know how much it will be near. Probably the things that has to be done before thinking about this is probably about the unstable future that RAS4Linux is using on RAS2. So the conclusion is not actually a conclusion. It's just RAS4Linux and CNSI. And I don't know if there is any... Also this is why it probably was better to make a both and not a presentation. If there is any suggestion or any question, I don't know anything about both CNSI. Well, probably more about CNSI when RAS4Linux. If you have any question, anything, I can try to reply. Also if it's not about RAS4Linux, if it's just about CNSI for something. If there is nothing, I'm OK also. Can I say documentation? You have RAS4Linux documentation, so if you want... So anyone can add a test to kernel CI? OK, I have to repeat. OK. Yeah, CNSI is practically on GitHub, so anyone can send a request for CNSI. Probably it's also about... If I send a request to CNSI, will that request be good for CNSI? Will it be merged by CNSI? I think the best is anyway sending something. Also opening an issue and asking, is this future good for you? I'm not the only technical steering committee. We are... I don't know, I don't remember how many. We recently became less too. Minus two. So anyway, one of them we reply. But I think it's good to see that there is involvement in CNSI in any case. So if there is something that you want to change in CNSI, please send. The only things that I get a bit strange at myself is that currently we are trying to replace Jenkins with something else. So if there is a patch for Jenkins probably, I don't know how much it will be accepted, such things, because... But if it's like I want to add this tree, I want to change, or I want to do this test, or that test, that I think you can anyway send. It's more than welcome. Yeah, yeah, yeah, that is more than welcome. Adding just to the kernel. That's done through the same repository? Yeah, yeah, yeah. That is more than welcome. And currently we are doing such things with lava, so practically use some lava. But also send also if you send like... Probably also draft, request, sending like I want to add this one and that one and then someone will come out and tell you how to add like the lava part or where to add. If you're interested about the test, there is the testing framework repository I think in CNSI, and you can see all the tests that he is doing on lava. And other part is Docker. We have... One can be the test config. So you can go to the CNSI core config or test config and there is all the configuration of the testing. And you can see where he's getting such things. And probably if he's ginger too, he's probably from lava. And... Wait, if he's ginger too, he's just with... Yeah, he's probably from lava. And this is the list of all the tests that are done during... And another one is... This is the Docker part where there is also the RAS and there is the CoSineL one. Yeah, somewhere here in this... where is CoSineL and the CVA hunt. And yeah, there are a bunch of things that are used also for testing, not only for toolchain. Yeah, the last one that I was saying was the framework test definition. That is all the lava test definition of it. Yeah. In any case, showing that there is some interesting, some testing more than other testing is anyway good, I think, and showing that anyway there is interesting in building such things. I don't know. I think RAS for Linux was first introduced by a Kinesiite developer, I think, and then RAS for Linux community started to help keeping the RAS for Linux testing updates. That was the reason from one year ago. Almost after we got the first, as we started to go, RAS for Linux community. So showing that very interesting, I think it's good for showing that there is also such things to the community that could be a good tool for keeping a check on the... There is also, I think, is also for development. I think there is some branch that just started as development version. Yeah, so there is also such possibility. I think one of the things that I try to say is that with the change from Jenkins to Canon API, it would be nice, probably, to give such possibility by some credential that is giving the possibility to send some code or something to Kinesiite. It will be such a... I don't know how much it will be implemented of it. Yeah, but probably my... I am starting to devogate on the question. If there is any other question, anything else? Thanks for the presentation. I'm trying to access to the KCI-DB dashboard. Oh, okay, okay. But unfortunately, it says that the dashboard is temporarily out of service due to some shortage. So does it happen often, or...? I also say it yesterday when it was. Maybe I can try next week. Can I see the dashboard walking? I think... Yeah, you should talk to Nikolai about that. Nikolai is the guy of Kinesiite that is working about KCI-DB. I see, I see. Anyway, so I'm very interested in it. Oh, thank you. Thank you very much. So KCI-DB is giving out some credentials to people that want to contribute tests on Kinesiite. And so, as I was showing it, the presentation, one of the first presentations was actually showing that Kinesiite is like readout in Gen2. And also, as a matter, we have our own testing system framework, but we want anyway to collaborate with Kinesiite result. So usually, the way is to add a new issue to Kinesiite, requesting a new credential for your framework. And we will give you your credential for sending your test to KCI-DB. And there is the command of KCI-DB that is made by Nikolai. So that part is mostly, I think, made by Nikolai. I also... Tomorrow is now. Oh, it didn't work. Thank you. Any other question about something that currently works? Any other questions? Okay. Okay, thank you. Thank you for coming.


Okay, friends, so I am a back end with another theorem and we are going to prove today that the sum of all the angles Round the point is equal to 360 degrees It's a knowledge which you have acquired, you know sometime back and now it's time to prove it So hence the question is or the statement is the sum of all the angles Round the point is equal to 360 degree. What does it even mean? So let's say I have a point P and There are lots of angles Which is let's say having a vertex P. Okay, so lots of angles are possible Yep, so lots of angles are possible with vertex P. So I'm just drawing drawing them Okay, so let's say like that. So there are lots of angles around point P Let's name them. So let's say this is a this is B. This is C D and E. Okay, how many angles five? Five angles are, you know, seen direct angles. There are many more angles. For example angle B P is also an angle, but then we are considering only these which one. So let's say this is X or let's say, you know some other names, let's say Yeah, let's say this is a small a this is B small b small c D and E. Okay, so you have to prove that A plus B plus C plus D plus E is always 360 degrees Okay, so if you add all the angles around the point, it will give you 360 degrees. How to prove that? Always remember whatever Knowledge we had or we have so far. We will be using that only to prove it. Now one way is you can just Do one thing and what is that? You can draw a straight line Straight line like that passing through point P and let's let's name them M and N Okay, now if you see a plus B plus C plus D plus E can be written as so if you see a itself A itself is a sum of let's say I am now naming it as a one and And a two two parts right so this PM rate divides angle a P e into two parts such that A is equal to some writing this here a is equal to clearly a one plus a two Similarly D. Let's say this is D one and this is D two So I can also write D is equal to D one plus D two Isn't it now? Let's Try to rewrite this statement. So hence this statement will become what will it become it means a can be written as a one plus a two Plus B plus C plus D one plus D two plus E Okay Right now I can club few of them. So let's say can I not club a C and D one so let me let me club like this. So this entire thing can be rewritten as C plus D one within brackets. So I have just picked these two up and written in the first place C plus D one plus B plus a two Okay, so this also I have clubbed together. So B plus a two then I'm writing D two Plus E so I am clubbing D two plus E together. So these two are also gone. What is left only a one Plus a one, right? If you look carefully the same thing is written over here Okay, now what C plus D one if you see C plus D one guys, what is C plus D one? So C plus D one is this angle and C is this angle. So C plus D one will be nothing but This whole angle. So hence I can write that is this directly is equal to angle B P N Is it and B plus a two if you see this is B This is B. This is a two. This is a two. So B plus a two is angle B P M Okay, now you write them together and then D two plus E. So if you see this is D two, this one is D two and This is E. So D two plus E is nothing but angle N P E and a one can be directly written as angle E P M and club them together as well Now, what is this if you see closely? This is a linear pair Isn't it ray OB stands on line MN and hence this is a linear pair and this is also a linear pair Which Ray row O E Stands over MN and hence this is also a linear pair. So hence you can write this as 180 degrees for this linear pair plus another 180 degrees for this linear pair Okay, so hence total is nothing but 360 degrees Okay, now this is what you have to prove it. Okay, so hence at any point. So, however how many numbers of Rays are there doesn't matter. So let's say this is Yep, these are all different Rays, okay, and On all originating from point same point So let's say this is one. This is two. This is three. This is four. This is five. This is six This is seven. So angle one plus angle two plus angle three plus angle four plus angle five Plus angle six plus angle seven will always be equal to 360 degrees Okay, you can think it think it in this way as well. So if you keep on adding a raise All the rays are like that keep on adding infinitely many rays if you add it will eventually make a disc Is it it will turn out to be a You know, it will form a Disc or a circle. So hence at the center the circle always makes 360 degrees angle is it okay. So this is what was the objective of this theorem I hope you understood this theorem and it's true


Afternoon everyone, the first item of business today is portfolio questions. In order to get as many people in as possible, I would be grateful for short and succinct question and read answers to match. Question 1 is from wirdon. To ask the Scottish Government what impact the autumn's statement on comprehensive spending review will have on its capital budgets. Thank you, afterward, Gentleman. Thank you, John Swinney. The autumn's statement and announcement confirmed that we face significant further austerity over the coming years, when the Conservative party formed the coalition yn 2010-11, rydyn ni'n gweithio'r bywyd yn 3.239 miliwn. Felly, yn 2019-20, rydyn ni'n gweithio'r bywyd yn 3.187 miliwn. Rydyn ni'n gweithio'r bywyd yn 600 miliwn pwysig yn 2010-11. Rydyn ni'n gweithio'r bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn gweithio'r bywyd yn 100 miliwn pwysig yn 2010-11. Felly, rydyn ni'n gweithio'r bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn ymgyrch bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn ymgyrchu'r bywyd yn ymgyrch yn gyffin tuadau'r bywyd yn yr hyfryd Elis-Fisham ac yn ni'n gyfwynえてilig iaeth bryd o gyfynod yma, sicrhau ei ddechrau ffordd, cychydig iaith, agorwud o'r ffordd, cofnodiol iaith, gyda geithain bwysig. Mae Gwst żebynобol o amlwgaterachiaf o'r ddyddol ffôr bobl Open tofodiadau cyd-fasr oedd yma yn cyfnodau auffsuio cyd-fasr o'r ddiwethaf o'r cyd-fasr o eu ddyddol, roedd yn cyfnodd gwaith i ddweudAAF ac a'r gweithio cyd-fasr o'r ddiwethaf. Rwy'n dod i ddigon o'r ddwygar, ac wrth hwn, i fewn neck i adaeligau cyd-fasr oherwydd rhai cyfnoddol i ddïddiaethu rhoi ei ddyddaradau cyd-fasr oherwydd ychawr o'r capital budget. I will announce that to Parliament next Wednesday. We will also be setting out our thinking in relation to the national infrastructure plan, which, of course, is the means by which we gather together the investment and infrastructure priorities of the Government over a longer period of time to ensure a strong pipeline of investment activity over a number of years. She asked the Scottish Government what impact its budget will have on the economy of the West Scotland region? The Scottish Government will continue to support the West of Scotland through a wide range of programmes in public expenditure. As one example, on 26 November, I informed Parliament that investment through the hub programme in the Inverclyde care home, our Lady and St Patrick's High School and Barhead High School could proceed. Those programmes will make an enormous difference in their communities, not just in the jobs that their construction will bring, but in the health and education benefits that they will bring to local people. The Government will publish its future spending plans on 16 December. According to the O&S since 2009, there has been a reduction of 62,000 public sector jobs in Scotland, many of them in the West Scotland region. There are now estimates that around 30,000 public sector jobs could be lost in Scotland by 2020. Unison Scotland has rightly said that we cannot keep slimy, slicing public sector jobs, or that Scotland have highlighted the very serious impact that it is having. Will Mr Swinney therefore agree to Unison's reasonable request and work with them to set up a task force to look at the future of public sector employment in Scotland and support the public sector workers who face losing their jobs? The first point that I would like to say to Mr Bibby is that I am a very strong believer in the Government that takes the same view that the investment in public services and in the work of public servants is a wise investment for the wellbeing of our country. I very much regret the fact that we have lost public sector employment over the course of the past five years, but I am sure that Mr Bibby will understand and accept the importance that the Government has to live within its means, and we have had to wrestle with the challenges of the austerity agenda from the United Kingdom Government. However, Mr Bibby makes a valuable point, which was certainly made by the trade unions that I met this morning at the biannual meeting of the Scottish Trade Union Congress and trade unions with the First Minister and myself, in which many of the aspirations that Mr Bibby set out there were expressed by the trade unions of a willingness to work to ensure that we create the strongest possible platform for public sector employment and public services within Scotland. That is an approach that I very much welcome. I would of course say to Mr Bibby that the Government has taken an approach since 2008 or perhaps 2009, where we have had a guarantee of no compulsory redundancies within the public sector. I think that that has been an important character of the nature of the relationship that we have had, that we have worked with the public sector workforce to find the most effective way of wrestling with the financial challenges that we face. One of the areas where local authorities are under massive pressure is health and social care, and the growing pressures on social care budgets. Given the relationship with the NHS, the Deputy First Minister has protected the NHS. Does he recognise that social care should be funded as part of that protection? I am certain that there is health and social care in the west of Scotland, if I can help Mr Rowley in that respect, and I will manage his telephone calls in the future as well, if that would be helpful too. Mr Rowley makes a substantive point. When citizens require the support of our public services, we have to make sure that they are supported in the most appropriate circumstances and surroundings, and given the most appropriate type of care. As we know, there are individuals who are cared for in a care setting that is not appropriate to their needs. It may well be an acute hospital in which they do not need to be in, so we have to be very careful to ensure that we focus on the needs of the individual citizens of Scotland to make sure that they are supported and cared for in exactly the right circumstances. Some of those issues, I am sure, will be the subject of this afternoon's debate, which will be interesting to observe. However, the approach and the distinction that Mr Rowley makes, whether it is in the west of Scotland or anywhere else in Scotland, is an important point to me. Yes, it would be helpful if we can stick to the question asked. Please. Question 3, Joan McAlpine. Thank you. To ask the Scottish Government what discussions it has had with the UK Government when it is planned to reduce the renewable heat incentive by 40 per cent. I have been engaged in extensive communications with the UK Government over a prolonged period, calling for them to continue the renewable heat incentive and give confidence to households, businesses and the wider heat market. There has been no detailed discussion about the £700 million efficiency in the budget over the period to 2021, which I presume that your 40 per cent refers to, nor about the detail of changes to the RHI, regardless of the fact that I have consistently requested that. What are the knock-on effects of the UK policy change on the Scottish Government investment in energy efficiency schemes such as Home Energy Scotland's renewables loan scheme and other measures aimed at tackling fuel poverty? The announcement that was made by the chancellor cannot aid investment because it lacks what is required. A parliamentary statement should be characterised by clarity. Instead, Mr Osborne's statement, insofar as it relates to the RHI, is characterised by opacity. It is as though instead of devising a parliamentary statement, he was making up a crossword clue whose purpose was to guide people away from the actual answer and meaning. Therefore, we are pressing the UK Government for clarity. However, I am pleased that the RHI scheme and its amendments will not take effect until 2017. In Scotland, more than £45 million has been paid to accredited installations since the introduction of the RHI in November 2011. Can I thank the minister for that answer? That is very useful. In that opportunity between now and 2017, what new schemes can we see being brought forward because there is general agreement that renewable heat is the missing link in terms of our energy and heat, in terms of green energy, but also in terms of green jobs and apprenticeships? I think that Sarah Boyack raised a very good point. Just yesterday, I had the privilege of opening in the Borders College campus in Gallishield, a brand-new waste-to-energy scheme that provides heat in an excellent scheme where costs are clear and guaranteed. We also have a low-carbon infrastructure transition scheme with an investment of £76 million, or thereby. We also have further investments. In regard to the question—can I give some specific examples? We are seeking to incentivise geothermal solutions, one potentially in Aberdeen serving the proposed new conference centre, and we are also looking at water-sourced heat pumps. While seeking to bring forward all those schemes, we do not have the legal competence and responsibility for energy, and therefore the limited budgets that we have, we seek to use the best effect for demonstrator projects. Nonetheless, we are taking forward schemes that I hope would receive the approval of Ms Boyack and across the chamber. To ask the Scottish Government what action it has taken to support the Aberdeen City Region deal bid since it received the statement of intent. Aberdeen City Council and Aberdeenshire Council submitted the statement of intent to both the Scottish and United Kingdom Governments on 4 September. Since then, Scottish Government officials have been working closely with both councils and the UK Government, providing support as the councils develop their proposals. The Scottish Government City's team has met regularly with representatives from both councils, and officials from a number of policy areas including housing, innovation, digital connectivity and Transport Scotland have provided on-going support and been involved in detailed discussions around proposals. The Scottish Government continues to work closely with both councils as proposals evolve. I thank the cabinet secretary for that answer. The chancellor referenced the negotiations on the city region deal in his autumn statement and spending review, which was welcome. Then he went on to make a decision regarding CCS funding, which effectively sabotaged one of the northeast key projects. Given the economic importance of the northeast to Scotland's economy, will the finance secretary back the CRD, the city region deal, in his budget statement next week? Unlike the UK Government decision, will he make sure that the budget decisions that he takes complements and supports the various strands of the city region deal rather than undermining them? I agree with the point that Alison McInnes has made about the importance of taking complementary decisions. I am absolutely with her about the disappointment about the Peterhead decision. It is a very regrettable decision on a technology that I think could have created a global opportunity for Scotland, but it has undoubtedly been interrupted by the arbitrary decision that was made in the spending review. As I have indicated to Alison McInnes, the Government is very supportive and sympathetic towards the Aberdeen city deal. We are working constructively with the two councils to take that forward. I welcome the steps that Serene Wood has taken to give leadership to the Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire business community in recent days. City deals are a joint venture with the United Kingdom Government, so we will work collaboratively with the UK Government to try to advance those proposals to ensure that Aberdeen and Aberdeenshire continue to make a strong contribution to the Scottish economy. I welcome the cabinet secretary's words. Can he confirm when he anticipates the Scottish Government together with the UK Government making a decision on the city deal proposals? I cannot give Mr McDonald a definitive decision, as I have just indicated to Alison McInnes. Those are joint matters to be pursued with the United Kingdom Government, and I think that it is better if we take those issues forward in a spirit of partnership and collaboration, and that is exactly what we are trying to do. However, we will make sure that progress is timely and that any announcement is made as quickly as possible. To ask the Scottish Government what impact the reduction in its resource budget from 2016 to 2020, announcing the autumn statement in spending review will have on public sector jobs and services. The chancellor's continued programme of austerity of choice, not necessity, will see Scotland's fiscal resource del budget, the budget responsible for day-to-day spending in Scotland, decreasing real-terms by almost 6 per cent over the course of the next spending review period. The Scottish Government will continue to strive to minimise the impact of the austerity agenda on jobs, investment and services in Scotland. Does the cabinet secretary agree that continued year-on-year cuts to Scotland's funding imposed as a result of UK austerity ultimately can only result in a serious decline in both the quality of public services, the breadth of those services and the loss of many important services that do not have a statutory underpinning? There are clearly very significant challenges that arise as a consequence of the continued restraint on public expenditure, and this affects the ability to invest and to take forward the public services for which we are responsible. However, one of the objectives that the Scottish Government has always taken forward in this climate of austerity has been to try to protect jobs, investment and services in Scotland. That might involve us delivering services in a different fashion to the way in which we have delivered them in the past, but that might be necessary to ensure that members of the public, the people for whom we are elected to serve, are not in any way damaged in their access to public services as a consequence. The environment in which we operate is a very constrained fiscal environment. It requires us to be prepared to embrace reform in our public services, but throughout that journey, the Scottish Government will be determined to protect jobs, investment and services in Scotland. The Deputy First Minister will be aware that local government's share of the budget has dropped from 29 per cent in 2011-12 to 25 per cent in 2014-15. With departmental spending for health and, as I understand it, the police protected, what level does he envisage local government's share to be for this coming year? I am not at all sure the basis of the numbers that Jackie Baillie has cited to Parliament today, but I will look carefully at the points that she has made. Local government has been very effectively protected by the Scottish Government during a period of significant restraint. I agree with the Government with the decisions that we have taken about investing in the health service. If they agree with those decisions, they will find that once the increases in expenditure have been delivered to the health service, local government's share of the remaining budget has increased as a consequence. I am not quite sure what point Jackie Baillie is trying to make if she agrees with the Government on health expenditure. I think that the point that she is possibly making is that she wants me to spend the same money twice. That is, of course, the familiar approach of the Labour Party, but it is not a way to balance the books. I can only spend the money the once. What the Scottish Government has done over time has been to deliver a strong and sustainable settlement for local authorities within Scotland. John Perlin, briefly. Cabinet Secretary, earlier today you said that you value public sector workers and their jobs will be protected. Will the Scottish Government budget recognising common seat councils, who under SNP have suffered real-term cuts that were double those imposed by the UK and Scotland, as shown recently by a spice briefing? I do not think that I have got much to add to the answer that I gave to Jackie Baillie, because obviously the Labour Party's condition must be endemic across its benches about wishing to spend the same money twice. However, what the Scottish Government has done is—I am sure that Mr Pentland must agree with me, even if Jackie Baillie does not agree with me—that the Government was right to invest in the health service. I had thought that the Labour Party was supportive of health investment, but, if it is not, that is a revelation. However, assuming that the supporters on that point, local government's share of the remaining budget has increased under this Government. That represents the strong and emphatic commitment that the Scottish Government has given to local authorities spending in Scotland. Question 6, in the name of Jenny Marra, has not been lodged and a less than satisfactory explanation has been provided. Question 7, Neil Findlay. To ask the Scottish Government whether it is non-profit distributing programmes regarded by the Office for National Statistics as a public sector programme. I explained in my statement to Parliament on 26 November 2015 that a rapid reversal of the Office for National Statistics' public classification of the Aberdeen Western peripheral route project under the revised Eurostat rules will not be possible. I have, however, asked the Scottish Futures Trust to continue to review options for the potential amendment of the AWPR project and other NPD projects. That follows the Office for National Statistics welcome decision on the revised hub model and confirmation that the project that is being delivered by the model will be classified to the private sector. There will be no impact on the cost or the delivery of the Aberdeen Western peripheral route project, or indeed other NPD projects currently in consideration. Thanks, Neil Findlay. The finance secretary and his party have regularly claimed that NPD and hub projects are different from PFI and PPP. Meanwhile, the ONS has said that these are private sector projects, an announcement that was warmly welcomed by the cabinet secretary. Given that and one of the other issues with the non-profit distributing model is that it distributes profit, is it not time that the cabinet secretary apologised for misleading parliament and the electorate because NPD is just PFI with a more cuddly name? Well, there's nothing cuddly about Mr Findlay or his questions. I'm mightily confused by Mr Findlay's question. I have always maintained and have put forward information to the Office for National Statistics, and I've been completely open with Parliament about that, with the objective of securing a private sector classification for the NPD projects and for the hub programme. For the simple reason that that delivers the ability to deliver additionality in the economy, and by creating additionality in our capital programme, that creates jobs and investment. In a recent spice briefing, it indicated the scale and impact of the Government's capital programme on the creation of jobs and the growth in the economy within Scotland. Of course, the big difference between NPD and PFI is the concept of profit capping. Profit capping was brought in by the Government to make sure that the rampant profits of PFI profiteers that were presided over by the Labour Party were brought to an end. The fact that the ONS has now decided that those projects are to be classified to the public sector, I think rather refutes the point and the accusation that Mr Findlay was levelling at me. Dr Richard Simpson? I don't think I can thank the cabinet secretary for that answer, but I suppose I must out of courtesy, because I agree with my colleague Dr Findlay about the NPD. Question, Dr Simpson, moving specially on. Sorry, it's an anticipated reflection of his intellect. I'm quite concerned about the 20 per cent charity element as to how he's going to construct that. Will he give us an early indication of how that 20 per cent charitable input is going to be dealt with? It has to be in the private sector, so it can't be Government. Will the Government appoint the people on it? Can we get some more detail, or at least an indication of when he might give us some more detail? I think that we were verging there on hearing about Dr Findlay's casebook. Dr Simpson raises a question, but I'm at it as well. Heaven for friend, if Mr Findlay ever has to attend to me in a doctor's capacity, that will be. I'd put my faith in Dr Simpson before Mr Findlay on that point. If I can move on to answer the question, Dr Simpson raises a substantive issue. For the charitable organisation to satisfy the test that is required of it under the ONS decision, it must operate out with the scope and the intervention and direction of Government. It has to operate in that fashion, and it has to satisfy the requirements of the Office of the Charter Regulator in Scotland, and that process is under way to secure that classification. I'm very happy to provide Parliament with an update on the governance arrangements and the regulatory arrangements. However, I hope that those two key principles that it must act utterly independently of Government—which I suspect probably means that appointment of members would not be able to be undertaken by Government, but we'll have to work through the details of all that. To satisfy the Office of the Charter Regulator, I will address some of its points, but I will, of course, put more details on the public record when those are to hand. Many thanks. Question 8, in the name of Animal Gold, has not been lodged, apparently, a satisfactory explanation has been provided. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. Chancellor's Scottish Government, with recent discussions, it's hard with the UK Government on the progress of the Scotland Bill. The Scottish Government has frequent contact with the UK Government on the progress of the Scotland Bill. Most recently, I met the chief secretary to the Treasury on Monday to continue detailed discussions on the substantive elements of the fiscal framework. I thank the cabinet secretary for the answer, and I do know or understand that negotiations are still on-going. However, does he share my concerns that many people are still unclear on what the impact will be on Scotland's finances? Can he confirm whether this Parliament will have adequate time to scrutinise the proposals before the next Scottish Parliament elections? The Smith commission required the two Governments to agree a fiscal framework, and those discussions are on-going. We have now had five meetings between myself and the chief secretary to the Treasury to try to agree the details of the fiscal framework. Those discussions are on-going, and I expect there to be further sessions set up to agree the details of the framework. I give the assurance to Sandra White that Parliament will have adequate opportunity to scrutinise the fiscal framework once it has been developed in intergovernment and negotiation, which is what was required of us by the Smith commission. The Parliament, if it is to be in a position to agree a legislative consent motion on the Scotland Bill, will have to have that in front of Parliament by 12 February. The Government has made clear that we will only propose a motion for legislative consent if we have an acceptable fiscal framework available to put to Parliament. Essentially, that task has to be completed by 12 February, which provides Parliament with opportunity to scrutinise the details of the fiscal framework before any legislative consent motion is considered. We agree that the fiscal framework is central and that the indexation of the block grant adjustment for income tax is pretty central to that. Does he acknowledge that the majority, now it seems, of academic expects are saying that the best and most risk-free option for Scotland is indexing for changes in the tax base per head? I tend to agree with that. I agree very much with the point that Mr Chisholm has made. Sandra White made a comment about the fact that there is not much detail about the fiscal framework available. There cannot be detail about the fiscal framework available until it is agreed, but I think that there have been a number of substantial contributions to the debate, from the Scottish Trade Union Congress, from Professor Anton Muscatelli, from Professor David Bell and the Institute for Fiscal Studies, which I think provide very good, dispassionate commentary on the issues that are at stake here on what I would consider to be the crucial issue, which is the block grant adjustment for income tax. Mr Chisholm asked me if I agreed with him that index deduction per capita was the best way to proceed with that, and I am very happy to confirm to the Parliament that I do. To ask the Scottish Government what impact the recent spending review will have on public sector finances in Scotland. As outlined previously, the Chancellor's spending plans for the period 2016-17 to 2019-20 mean that the Scottish Government's total discretionary budget will, by 2019-20, be around 12.5 per cent, or 3.9 billion, lower in real terms than it was in 2010-11. I wonder if the First Minister can confirm that the Scottish Futures Trust has delivered massive improvements in value for money compared to Labour's discredited PFI. Can he confirm that, in line with figures published this morning, the number of pupils in poor or bad conditioned schools is continuing to fall under this SNP Government? I can confirm that point. It was very welcome the improvement in the school estate that was recorded in the statistics published this morning. I think that there was a very welcome endorsement of the investment programme that the Government has taken forward. Although I have been the finance minister, we have faced the accusation that not a brick would be laid in the school building programme, and that was the accusation that the Labour Party put to us. Of course, the school estate is now significantly improved as a consequence. I am having it shouted at me that that was in the last parliamentary session. I, Dr Simpson, have a long memory. I remember all the things that were fused up by the Labour Party, and we have ensured that the school estate of Scotland is significantly improved by the well-coordinated programme of the Scottish Futures Trust, which has delivered real value for money for the taxpayer in Scotland. To ask the Scottish Government what discussions the Cabinet Secretary for Finance, Constitution and Economy has had with Dumfries and Galloway Council regarding its budget for 2016-17. I have not met Dumfries and Galloway Council specifically to discuss its budget for 2016-17, but I have had a series of meetings with the Convention of Scottish Local Authorities to negotiate the overall level of the 2016-17 local government for unsettlement, which I will announce alongside the 2016-17 Scottish draft budget next Wednesday, the 16th of December. Dumfries and Galloway Council had prepared a three-year budget that planned for cuts of £12.5 million in 2016-17. The council has now been advised to expect cuts of between 4 and 5 per cent, which would equate to £20 million to £25 million worth of cuts. What services does the cabinet secretary suggest that Dumfries and Galloway Council stops providing? I would recommend that we all address the financial realities of the outcome of the comprehensive spending review. That is the best thing that I think I can suggest that we all do, because what the Government will set out is the set of decisions that we have taken in relation to the utilisation of public resources. We will take those decisions consistent with the values of the Government and the commitments that I have made to Parliament in the course of my answers this afternoon. Do that in a fashion that is designed to protect public services and to ensure that we deliver sustainable public services in our localities. I reiterate one of the points that I made in an earlier answer that that might involve change and redesign in services, but that is something that we have to contemplate as a society. To ask the Scottish Government what recent discussions it has had with the UK Government regarding the introduction of fiscal measures to promote oil and gas exploration. We recognise that exploration in RC is at historically low levels and much more needs to be done to support this activity. We have long called for substantial reform in the oil and gas fiscal regime and successfully argued for the introduction of an investment allowance and a reduction in the headline tax rate. However, we are disappointed at the lack of support for exploration and continue to make the case for the need for further fiscal reform. The Deputy First Minister, John Swinney, outlined the concerns to the Chancellor of the Exchequer in a letter ahead of the autumn statement, asking him to outline his commitment to further support for the sector, as well as a firm timetable for policy reforms. Next week, on 16 and 17 December, I will be attending in London a meeting of the industry MERUK forum to discuss the outlook for the sector, which will touch upon issues relating to exploration. A time when we should be encouraging exploration to support the oil and gas industry, the UK Government has sat on their hands. Will the minister do everything possible to ensure that the Chancellor gets a grip, follows Norway's example and provides exploration incentives to secure jobs in Aberdeen, the north-east and beyond? I think that Kevin Stewart makes a good point, and all in gas UK have estimated that substantial exploration potential remains in the North Sea. His estimate is that between 2,000 and 6,000 million barrels of oil have yet to be discovered. He refers to Norway. Of course, it was their tax breaks for exploration that, in part, led to the discovery of the Johann Sferdrup field, described by some as the crowning achievement of Norway's successful rejuvenation of exploration in more mature areas. That holds 2.35 billion barrels of oil reserves and is forecast, Presiding Officer, to produce more oil than the whole UK sector by 2025, a discovery as a result of the Norwegian progressive exploration policies. Last week, the Economy, Energy and Tourism Committee took evidence from the oil and gas industry, and we were told by them that, contrary to the view of Mr Stewart, thanks to the actions of the UK Government, now fiscal measures are a long way down a list of their concerns. There is, however, a greater concern about the on-going disinvestment campaigns relating to fossil fuels that we have seen on university campuses and elsewhere. Would the minister agree with me that such campaigns are unhelpful, that they are wrong-headed and that they risk undermining the future and that what is still a very important industry to Scotland is supporting tens of thousands of jobs? To address the first part of his remarks, I am extremely well aware that the industry's primary focus at the moment is to achieve cost reduction without prejudicing health and safety and to achieve greater efficiency. No one is more aware of that than me, and I shall be discussing this at a number of meetings in Aberdeen on Monday with senior industry figures and working with them as we always do. Secondly, I think that at any kind of political point scoring at this time, when so many people's jobs and families' livelihoods are at stake, it is really not very clever and not very helpful. This Government supports the people in the oil and gas industry in Scotland. I think that most of us do. The Green Party don't, but they're not here this afternoon, so we won't hear from them. I think that we could do without the sort of gesture politics that the member refers to. Question 13, in the name of Liam McArthur, has not been lodged, although an explanation has been provided. Question 14, Colin Beattie. To ask the Scottish Government what the impact will be on its finances of not devolving the Crown Estate share in Fort Cynaird retail park. The Fort Cynaird retail park provides a current revenue to the Crown Estate of around £4 million a year. That sum, which, under the terms of the Smith agreement, should be available to the Scottish Government to spend, will instead be available to the UK Government. In addition, the Crown Estate share of the capital value of Fort Cynaird retail park, which was £103 million in 2014-15, will also be under the control of the UK Government. By comparison, the total capital value of the entire Crown Estate portfolio of all other assets in Scotland was £261.5 million in 2014-15. I thank the cabinet secretary for his response. Fort Cynaird is highly valued by my constituents as a shopping and entertainment centre. Can the cabinet secretary comment on how he sees the local community benefiting if Fort Cynaird is not devolved alongside the rest of the Crown Estate? I think that Mr Beattie highlights an important local issue. I am certainly concerned that there will be no direct financial benefit to the community from Fort Cynaird if it continues to be excluded from the transfer, which I believe undermines the principle of the devolution of the management and revenue of Crown Estate economic assets in Scotland, which was a clear recommendation of the Smith commission. To ask the Scottish Government what representations the cabinet secretary for finance, constitution and economy has received from the Minister for Children and Young People regarding kinship care funding. I regularly speak to all my colleagues about matters that affect the well-being of the people of Scotland, particularly our most vulnerable children. We are investing £10.1 million per annum to enable local authorities to pay eligible kinship carers the same allowances as they pay to foster carers to support the children in their care. That is tackling inequality and poverty head-on for some of the most vulnerable children and families that live in Scotland. I thank the cabinet secretary for that answer and I wouldn't disagree with the policy intent. However, did the minister for children and young people draw to his attention the fact that Glasgow City Council, which has 32 per cent of all kinship carers living in the area, will only receive 15 per cent of the funding allocation made to councils? Did she point out to him that the underfunding of kinship care by the Scottish Government will put pressure on other important services in the city? The cabinet secretary suggested to my colleague Dr Murray that cuts to local government budgets were as a result of decisions elsewhere, but the underfunding of kinship care in Glasgow is caused by a Scottish Government decision. Will the cabinet secretary think again? First of all, I acknowledge the seriousness of the issue and the concerns that Patricia Ferguson has on the matter, but the allocations that the local authority teaches were calculated using an established formula agreed with the convention of Scottish local authorities when all 32 Scottish local authorities were still members. That has not been a Scottish Government decision alone. I have made it very clear to Parliament over the years that the funding formula that is agreed with local government is that. It is agreed with local government and it drives some of the decisions that have to be taken. I hear the representations that Patricia Ferguson is making, but it is a product of a funding formula that has been agreed to by local government in Scotland. To ask the Scottish Government how many businesses today benefit from the small business bonus. The latest official statistics show that an estimated 99,500 business properties benefit from paying zero or reduced business rates as a result of the Scottish Government's small business bonus scheme saving businesses across Scotland an estimated £174 million in 2015-16. I thank the minister for that answer and I welcome news that so many businesses in Scotland are indeed benefiting from this Government's small business bonus. What further action could be taken to support Scotland's thriving small businesses? I think that one very clear way in which all of us across this chamber can help small businesses is to pledge that the Scottish Government's assurance that the small business bonus will be maintained not just for the lifetime of this Parliament, which is nearly over, but to maintain it for the duration of the next Parliament if we are re-elected, if we have the privilege of doing that. If all parties could unite in confirming that the small business bonus will be a fixture, if you like, free of party politics and will continue to 2021 and take it from the realms of partisan party politics, that more than anything else will provide assurance and long-term stability that small businesses in Scotland require. The minister will be aware that a federation of small businesses said at the peak of the recession one in six small businesses were went bust without the small business bonus scheme. What would have been the impact on the Scottish economy if that had happened, as Labour recommended when they voted against the small business bonus scheme? Brief answer, too, please minister. The impact would have been disastrous. Many thanks for that brevity. When we will now move to the next item of business, that concludes question time, portfolio questions, and the next item of business is at a beat. Mr Kelly, point of order. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. I rise to make a point of order in relation to the statement from Derek Mackay Transport Minister on the fourth road bridge yesterday. In response to a question from Alec Johnson about cancellation of planned maintenance works, Mr Mackay stated that work that would have been covered by the cancelled maintenance contract was not where the fault on the bridge occurred. However, in a good morning BBC Good Morning Scotland interview this morning, Mr Mackay said that work that was planned under the maintenance contract cancelled in 2010 would have covered the area where the fault occurred on the bridge. Clearly, those statements are contradictory. That is a serious matter. It would appear that Mr Mackay has misled Parliament. I therefore ask, Deputy Presiding Officer, that Mr Mackay return to Parliament before closing business this evening to correct the record and give an open and transparent explanation as to the impact of planned maintenance works on the fourth road bridge. I thank Mr Kelly for his point of order. Clearly, Mr Mackay's statements are a matter for Mr Mackay and only for him. Therefore, as Mr Kelly will also know, this is not a point of order. However, you have nonetheless made your point. We will now move to the next item of business.


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