So one of the things I do with the Institute is write articles, help with social media. And one of the things I've realized is the importance of a good headline. So there might be some people tuning on YouTube now or perhaps in the future, expecting something a little closer to this. But I hate to tell you, it's a little bit of a bait and switch. But I think you'll see the relevance of a little bit of history that is often overlooked to some of the conditions in America today. So we're really going to be talking about not the election of 2020, but the election of 1876, till dinner blood. One of the things that I find fascinating is the history of revolution. Obviously, we have ideas very outside of the political norm. And ultimately, it's periods of revolution where we see these big ideological shifts. Now in America, we have a very interesting political legacy here. We have the second longest constitution in existence today. And yet, we know that in spite of it nominally being the same constitution, there's been revolutions within the form to use a phrase of Garrett Garette. Now this quote here, he's referring to the New Deal and obviously FDR's revolution. But we can think back the Constitution itself, being a coup over the Articles of Confederation. Read more of Patrick Newman's book for that. Obviously, some conversations about the impact of the Civil War of 1913, 1960s and there on about. But I think 1876 is a year that is often overlooked. And yet, one of the American writers who I found myself increasingly appreciated is a man named Gore Vidal. And as Gore Vidal wrote, the year 1876 was probably the low point in our republic's history. And knowing something about what happened then is, I think, useful to us now as times are again becoming rather too interesting for comfort. Now it's a few decades ago, but I think the sentiment there is still true. Because while in theory, you had the Civil War, in theory, times of war, you can have kind of a realignment of norms, if you will. I think 1876 is still an election. It's really what broke any hope that you had kind of restoring some sort of romantic idea of the republic. Now Vidal himself is very interesting. He has an entire series called Narratives of Empire. And really, it's almost very Rothbardian in the way that he approaches American history with this sort of revisionist look, starting with Burr, which is a very interesting sort of perspective of the American Revolution, almost from the Antichrist, hated by both Jefferson and Hamilton. So that perspective is very interesting. But he goes throughout identifying what led from the decay of the American Republic to the American Empire. It's also interesting later in his life, Gore-Vidal actually interacted with some figures within our orbit. Bill Kaufman was a very interesting political writer. You can often find this book in the bookstore. Lou Rockwell, Ralph Raco, and Murray Rothbard are in the acknowledgments of that. So it's a very interesting overlap there. So we're going to set the stage right now. And obviously, we have Ulysses S. Grant right here. When I'm talking to normal audiences, I often kind of describe Grant as sort of the bizarro, George Washington. He's the conqueror of the South. He is the most celebrated general of his time. And yet as the president, he was utterly corrupt and perhaps still kind of perceived in history as perhaps the most corrupt president of the era where George Washington was this man beyond such interests. Now, if you read Patrick Newman's cronyism, you'll see that his depiction is maybe not entirely accurate, but still historically, we still have this perception that even Grant, in spite of all of the romanticism we have of Lincoln and FDR and these other less than great figures from a political standpoint, Grant is still kind of held within disdain for good reasons. His administration was plagued with a number of not simply corruption issues, but public corruption issues. You had the Black Friday Gold Panic, which involved his son-in-law, in law with Jay Gold and some other very powerful people trying to manipulate the American gold market. You had the New York Custom House ring, which is dealing with petty corruption. You had the whiskey ring, which Grant himself threatened to testify about. These all led to increasingly personal figures within his orbit, so he didn't have a lot of distance. Corruption was so bad under Grant that in 1872, a group was called Liberal Republicans who ran a tent named Horace Greenley, which created one of my favorite political phrases, saying that you can vote to burn down schoolhouses, desecrate churches, and violate women, or you can vote for Horace Greenley, which means the same thing anyway. But again, at this time, politics was in a way that maybe we're getting closer to now, but you still had the go-to campaign rhetoric, was waving the bloody shirt of the Civil War. You had a South still occupied by federal troops. The connection between military and political power had never been more explicit than the conquering general sitting in the White House with a corrupt political party worked around him. You also had at this time the explosion of the railroad industry, the railroad industry being extremely corrupt. I'm here as a Ryan McMaking quote on some of this sort of stuff, but you think about this industry in particular, right? It needs a tremendous amount of land, which itself leads itself to political favors, right? Political trades for that land required a tremendous amount of debt for investment. This is Senator Blaine of Maine, who was one of the rising charismatic Republican figures who himself was brought down by a very public corruption scandal involving railroad debt and financial speculation.  There's nothing bad in those letters that I just stole from the guy involved. But again, these were sort of characters. Again, these sort of explicit outright corruption going on at this time. You also had a very interesting economic environment which is leading us to 1876. You have the period of 1873, for a while, this was itself referred to as the Great Depression until the 1930s came in for some good economic analysis from that. Patrick Newman once again pops up. There's a QJAE article. And then of course, at this time, you also have Reconstruction. Again, so you had federal troops occupying southern states. You had, you know, the Scalawags and carpet baggers, Scalawags were sort of kind of viewed within southern circles, sort of the turncoats, right? You know, these were Republican Southerners willing to work with Democrats, often again with tremendous amount of corruption, right?  It was national interest. It was keeping down the rival Democratic Party. And so again, the well-being of the people took a shot even by our own standards. This is a book by Roy Morris for the century on this topic where he says, from the start, Congressional Reconstruction was as much about hardcore partisan politics as it was racial equality. The widespread disenfranchisement of former Confederates had the practical effect of driving the Democratic Party underground. And again, this narrative is often overlooked. You know, right now we're still kind of sold the idea that removal of Reconstruction was this great betrayal of the American ideal, right? They still had this very romantic idea that, oh, if only federal troops were maintaining the South and we would have peace and harmony throughout, it was a lack of political will that really undermined this. The problem is, is that there was fraying at the edges. Again, you had bad governments that the people were not respecting and this led to increasingly combustible political moments. This was the Louisiana-Consessed Election of 1872, which dealt with a gubernatorial campaign between Democrat John McKinney and Republican William and Kellogg. You had violence in the streets. The Democrat actually held office for a few months until federal troops came in to reinforce Kellogg, right? But you had the entire breakdown of the American political system because you had a structure designed to buy this National Republican Party equipped by the American military to keep down genuine representation of, again, their rival political party. And again, so we see the limits of political will. You had violence in the streets. So, this all leads us to the 1876 election and so the Republican nominee at the time was a very interesting man. It was Rutherford B. Hayes. He himself, like many leading Republicans, was a Civil War veteran. And as far as I can tell the record, he was a very good man relative to some of the other interesting characters of that Republican Party. What's also kind of interesting is that his nomination was almost entirely unplanned. The convention itself was held in Ohio and he was governor of Ohio. And so he eventually wins on the seventh ballot after some more prominent national figures including Senator Blaine going through his corruption scandal including Lincoln's treasury secretary who was being recognized as one of the non-corrupt guys. He's the one prosecuting people in the grant orbit. You got Robert Conkling. You have some very interesting personalities. All of them kind of killed themselves within the political manipulation of the convention and uprides Rutherford B. Hayes who according to historian Henry Adams was a third-rate non-entity whose only recommendations are that he is obnoxious to no one. So he's just a placeholder that's not corrupt and connected to grant. Now, end walks the stage, one of my favorites, honest Sam Tilden. As again, Patrick Newman mentioned in his lecture yesterday, the Jacksonian tradition of American politics is perhaps the most prominent powerful libertarian political force in our nation's history and Sam Tilden was a direct legacy of this tradition. He was a protege of Martin Van Buren both of them being New Yorkers. He actually gets a brief mention in cronyism. He was also an extremely successful railroad attorney that made him one of the richest men in the country. He did not fight in the Civil War because he was a payoff to the ability to do so. And so because he was a railroad attorney and given the corruption of the railroad industry, he knew how to go through and prosecute and identify corrupt actors. And doing so, there was no state in the country with a longer legacy of corruption that was plaguing the country than New York. Boss Tweed is perhaps the most powerful political boss in New York history politics. He controlled the judges, he controlled the newspapers, he controlled the politicians up and down the line. Sam Tilden was the man that brought down Boss Tweed. And so here we have stepping into this vacuum, right? We have a country played with corruption, exhausted by corruption, a Republican party that can't promote non-corrupt figures that they end up with this third-rate non-entity. It upsteps from the Democratic Party not a anti-corruption reformer who was from the North. So he wasn't a confederate, that helps, given the standards of the time. He was also probably autistic, like if you read some of that sort of stuff, which, again, one of us. So then we have his presidential campaign. And he campaigned on the end of Reconstruction. He wanted to remove federal troops from Southern occupation. He ran on civil reform to end the corruption of the Grand Administration. But he was very serious, most importantly, on slashing federal expenditures and maintaining the sound currency. One of my favorite parts of the Progressive Era is Murray Rothbard's analysis of third political system. And he talks about this sort of laissez-faire, populist tradition, the bourbon-democrat tradition. Sam Tilden was probably the most intellectual of that bourbon-democratic tradition. And he knew that he was fighting an uphill battle. Again, the reforms that he wanted will be resisted at every step, but it must be pressed persistently. He was a man who was very committed to making America great again. So then we get to the election of 1876. And this is where things get very, very interesting. One of the bellwether states at the time was New York. Even though Tilden himself was the governor of New York, there's still a lot of Republican in fighting there. Tilden wins New York big election night. Then all of a sudden things get interesting. There's three Southern states that have Republican governors because of federal occupation and the limits on political behavior. Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina. Now, early in the night, the Republicans in these states are sending telegrams to Republican National Headquarters saying we've lost. You start having all the newspapers, major newspapers from the New York and other major cities are acknowledging Sam Tilden as one. There's a little bit of confusion with Oregon. It's a very short margin, but it seems the election night, everyone goes to bed knowing that Sam Tilden is one. The head of the Republican Party famously brings a bottle of whiskey to his room and wants to be left alone. It's very interesting. This is a headline from the Chicago Tribune. Again, at the time, papers were pretty much explicitly partisan. And so here they are weeping the fact that we are now gonna be plagued by Democrat greed and plunder thanks to the victory of Sam Tilden, but then things get curious because there's one newspaper in particular that's not interested in concession. The New York Times comes with an infamous headline, election and dispute. So again, it's interesting how sometimes history repeats itself at times. And so again, what's important to understand here is that the New York Times was operating as an explicit wing of the Republican Party. You had New York Times editors in constant cooperation to get explicitly with the party. And when the New York Times put out the headline saying, we don't know what the election results are, Republican operatives started getting the action. Because again, Republicans control the Southern States. And U.S. is that's grant controlled those Republican, the federal military. And so the American military, federal troops confiscated the ballot boxes of the Southern States. Again, they have the access of press, political and military power. And the New York Times was essentially writing the playbook to how to keep the Democrat out of office. This is the man John C. Reed, who was in charge of a great deal. He was the managing editor of the New York Times. And what's interesting is that so during the night of the election, the Democratic Party is trying to confirm election results. And so they make the great mistake of sending a telegraph to the New York Times asking for confirmation about these Southern States. By doing that, they tell John C. Reed that they don't know the exact numbers. And this itself puts into place the opportunity for them to overthrow the election. Now Reed himself, along with being an editor from the New York Times, he was a prisoner of war in the Civil War. So he had very, very strong feelings against the Democrats in the South. And again, he essentially became the mastermind of the entire response of the grand administration. Again, the entire campaign was explicitly aggressive from the times. They were accusing Sam Tilton of tax evasion, which only makes him better in my book. You know, they tried to bring a man on various things. New York Times was the most effective campaign instrument of the Republicans of that year. This itself is a map of kind of the contested states. Here we have Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana. Oregon had a very interesting thing where it was also a short margin, but the Republican member of the Electoral College, one of them was the Postmaster General. And there was a constitutional rule like you can't be a member of the government and be on the Electoral College. So there was a single delegate on there that had its own sort of things. But again, the night of the election, Sam Tilton had 184 votes. He needed 185 to be president. So there's 20 electoral votes up in the air. And for the Republicans to win, they're gonna have to make a perfect sweep. Now, one of the arguments that has continued to be used to kind of justify this entire thing is that you did have periods of intimidation that are going on with the black voters in the South, right? You had the Ku Klux Klan was in operations at this point. Now it's very interesting that there's been a lot of analysis done of some of those profile cases of there and the stories really don't hold up. But basically the entire Republican argument is that, okay, sure, we know the number of votes isn't accurate, but we can't trust those numbers because of this intimidation. The most corrupt state of this is Louisiana. That's largely been a historical constant in America.  The corrupt, $250,000 and I'll get you all the votes that you need to decide this race. But so again, this was a crisis as which America had never seen really until 2020. So the solution is that they create an election commission. This election commission was gonna be equal parts Republican and Democrat legislators along with the Supreme Court. And then things get very interesting once again. So this was an independent Supreme Court justice. So the Democrats, and he was gonna be the swing vote. So the Democrats have a great idea. Well, we know he wants to be Senator, a Senator. And so they make him Democrat Senator from Missouri. Well, and then he resigns his position on the election commission. So that doesn't really work. He's followed by another Republican who writes an opinion in favor of Tilden. But again, there's so much outright corruption going on there that he ends up maintaining party loyalty. And so the end result is recognition from this commission giving all 20 disputed votes to Rutherford Behave. Now again, we are reliving in a very contentious moment. So you have, you have Southern veterans of the Civil War ready to go back to war saying they're gonna continue to oppress us. You have Democrats within Congress threatening to filibuster the entire operations of government because of how outright, because of the outright fraud that just went in place. Tilden or blood became a very popular slogan at the time and so in order to get through and to keep the government going, the Republicans recognized that it wasn't simply enough to have the ruling of the Electoral Commission, but they needed the buying of the Democrats itself. And what's interesting as well is that again, again, in spite of how this came about, in 2020 when there was concern about the debate, the consideration of Electoral Commission or treating these sort of concerns seriously was completely off the table. Like that was the January 5th sort of advocacy from like Josh Hawley and Ted Cruz, but that was not done away with or that was not considered. And again, when people do not feel the political process is operating, they engage in non-political action as we saw January 6th and the Louisiana election of 1872. So they create a new grand bargain and doing so, the Democrats make a deal. In order to maintain the peace within the South, they're gonna remove federal troops that are already straining from the limitations of a government entirely dependent upon military force. In doing so, one of the contested elections was going on in South Carolina, where we had a Democrat, Wade Hampton, running against the Republican Daniel Chamberlain. Chamberlain recognized that the only way that he was gonna be able to maintain that position was federal troops protecting the governorship much the same way that we saw in Louisiana in 1872. So the removal of federal troops meant that the Democrat was able to take the governorship there. There was also an agreement for economic aid and railroad industry investment, most of which did not come about, but that was within the agreement. It also gave the South the right to set its own, racial policies which ended up manifesting itself in a variety of ways on the line that are still criticized today. What's curious though is that there was one more get that the Democrats got. In exchange for the support of the Democratic Party going along with this entire thing, the Democrats were given one political position. It had to be a southerner as well coming to maintain balance. And so they decided on the position of postmaster general. And the reason why is that while this title might not seem all that exciting to you outside of the appearance on that one episode of Seinfeld, the postmaster general position was very important because that's where the spoils were at. You had a lot of money attached to that position. And to me, I think this is one of the great tragedies of this moment is that here you had step up to try to restore America's Jefferson, Jeffersonian, Jacksonian ideas. You had a man of incredible talent, incredible courage, incredible integrity who all he wanted to do was remove corruption from the government. And unfortunately his own political party decided that they didn't really care about corruption itself. They just wanted it to be their own corruption. And so this was a major part of getting the compromise of 1877 in place. And so when I think about the legacy of Sam Tilden, this is I think it's self very telling, this is the tomb of Sam Tilden. And I think there's a couple of ways you can kind of interpret this, right? You have Sam Tilden that went to his dying day believing in democracy, believing in these sort of romantic ideals. Because Sam Tilden had the opportunity of various points to buy what he had already won and refused to do so. Because he thought doing so undermined the entire case for everything that he was doing. And so on one side, you have this very majestic tomb with, I still trust the people and great with it. The other way is you can look at that and you can see the tomb of a forgotten man and increasing decay. That maybe his faith in democracy did not do him well. And again, I think that these traditions, when we understand the ways the state uses history as a weapon, I think one of the best ways that we can take the ideas and the perspectives and the experiences that we've had this past week and apply them in the real world is to identify the points of history that we're not told about. Because you get maybe half of a high school lecture, making some sort of comment on 1876 and doing so great men are forgotten. Great traditions are allowed to die and that's a mistake. And so understanding those periods of time, recognizing the progress of good ideas throughout history and understanding why they failed politically, perhaps learning from that, take away from later, I think is again, something that I find very encouraging. And I think that's, we have a long tradition, I think within people, within our orbit of doing just that. So if you're interested in learning more about the Berman Democrats post of war history, these are some books that I would recommend for all the century covers this election itself, has some great quotes. It was written in 2001, so this was a very popular book among Democrats at the time because like, oh, this is just like the Gore fiasco. This time, they were rewriting all of the 1876 stuff, now like focuses on, oh, this was the portrayal of American racial progress and things like that became a lot less popular in 2020. Gore Vidal's 1876 is also a great time of a great book to read for this era. One of the things I love about Gore Vidal's work in general is that the amount of research he has in it is as good as most non-fictional histories, but because it comes from a fictional perspective with some of the framing device of these characters, you get a real taste for the times in a way that I don't think you get from traditional histories. And so like the main character here like interacts with Mark Twain at a bar, and so you get sort of an aspect, a perspective of American society that again, history books don't do a great deal of. He also captures the tremendous irony that here we are, the centennial of the, the legacy of 1776, the world's fair going on in Philadelphia, and yet here is what America has become just a hundred years after. The Transatlantic Persuasion is a great book on this sort of Jacksonian liberal political legacy and its connections between both the English Anglo tradition right of Gladstone and the repeal of the Koran laws and really the political consequences of wealth of nations, regardless of any critiques of Adam Smith himself. I think the political ramifications are very important. And so there's some great articles here about Jefferson, Jackson, Tilden, Rover Cleveland, who did take the presidency many years later. I forgot to mention, because of the stolen election, Republicans controlled the Republican Party as a one party state for 24 straight years. Again, I would argue that that was the point where any ideas of redeeming post-civil war, Jeffersonian liberalism died. Some great essays there. Again, also the Progressive Era, as I mentioned earlier, Rothbard's analysis of the third political system is very fascinating and obviously a topic that Patrick Newman is also very interested in. His book, Crony, as I'm touching, again, as I say, I'm Tilden, a cameo itself. So that being said, I think that is my time. And that is how the New York Times stole the presidency.


It's a very beautiful day here in Nairobi, Kenya and let me tell you something, I showed you guys these skyscrapers in Nairobi and you guys are telling me that this is not Kenya. If it's not Kenya, what else do you want to be this beautiful man? Africa is beautiful, this is the Africa that you don't see on the media. But hey, I'm super excited today because I'm meeting the one and only PLO Lumumba. I know this is the moment that all of you have been waiting for, yes, not just you, but included me. It's such an honor to meet such a great man. I'm classifying one of the living legend and as an orator of Africa, I think I have so many questions to ask PLO. You know what, do me a favor, like the video, it's very very important because I realize that some of you just watched the video without liking it.  Please subscribe and part of this family, 570,000 subscribers, why the 30K subscribers? What are you guys doing? Please subscribe, let's hit 600,000 before I leave Nairobi, Kenya. Thank you so much for subscribing, I appreciate each and everyone of you coming to me and let's go talk to Prof himself. I'm out, peace out. You know, there's one particular question that everyone is saying I should ask you before I continue my intro. They want me to ask you, what does PLO? Patrick Lodge Otieno Lumumba. And are you related to... No, not at all. I'm not related to Patrice Emery Lumumba. I think our only relationship is that we share certain ideals, including the desire to have a united, peaceful and prosperous Africa. Do you think Africa will ever unite something? Yes, it will. But I'm not talking about the unity of the grave where there is no disagreement. I'm talking about unity on things that will improve the quality of our lives. I believe that Africans will trade more amongst themselves. I believe that Africa will have a language that is dominant with the use. I believe that Africans will begin to celebrate the diversity of their culture. I believe that Africans will decolonize their minds and Africans will look to Africa rather than to Europe and America as the magnets of development. That is my vision of unity. Prof, we all know you to be a great orator. You've got charming speeches out there. But we all want to know what are you doing on the grounds about the things that you say out there because I literally listen to you from morning to evening. We want to know what is Prof Dain on the ground to change the face of Africa? First of all, you will appreciate that we are present through the PLO Lumumba Foundation in 38 African countries and in 10 countries outside of the continent of Africa. We are active in education, we are active in health, we are active in agriculture, we are active in innovation and invention, we are collaborating with artists and we are active in mentorship programs which are energizing young Africans across the continent. So our words are wedded to our deeds. We do what we say and there is evidence on the ground across countries in this continent. And this is what I think so many people don't know because you don't show us what you do on the ground. Of course, as we say, you don't advertise the things that you do. They speak for themselves in the fullness of time. When you see people shouting about what they are doing, it means they are doing very little. So you all have heard Prof, because this is the question that I had a lot of likes because everybody wanted to know what is Prof doing. We keep on hearing his speeches and all that, but Prof, you are keen yet? Yes indeed. Have you ever thought of running for presidency? I have thought of serving and I am serving in different ways and I do not believe that running for the presidency is what defines one's contribution to one's country. In fact, you will note if you look at my words which you have now had the opportunity to look at, the people you see there are Patrice Emery Lumumba who of course was a prime minister, but a reluctant one. You see Julius Kambaragge Nyerere who said that he was a teacher by passion and by design and a politician by default Kwame Nukuruma politician, another Nelson Mandela, a reluctant leader, Martin Luther King Jr., who held no office, Mahatma Gandhi who held no office, but I believe that time will define how we choose to up the game in our activities in this continent. But I have never ever thought and this is the problem with many Africans. The assumption that in order to serve you must occupy office this is a problem and that is why there are so many conflicts in Africa where people think that you've got to be a member of parliament, you've got to be a president and that is why people kill each other to be presidents and then they mess African countries. But people who do great things are doing them without the burden of asking for public office. That does not say that if circumstances are right we will not seek it. Prof, talking about 21st century here in Africa right now, the talks of Kwame Nukuruma, Patrice Lumumba and Julius Nyerere do you think that we have a Pan-African leader in Africa right now, a Pan-African president at this very moment? That is a question that is very unfortunately I cannot identify a single leader who has the passion of Nukuruma, who has the passion of Nyerere, who has the passion of Lumumba or the passion of Nelson Mandela. I don't see that leader. There are few leaders that I admire and I think are doing good things but they are inward looking.  In other words, Africa is the main thing and their countries are little components in that jigsaw, that leader of the presidents that are alive today I don't think that there is any single one that is in that pantheon of this great man. I just want to know, are you proud of the AU? No, I'm not. The ACOAS? No, I'm not. The Saudi? I'm not. Why? Because these are organizations which have great potential but they have refused to use their potential to good effect. Let me give you an example of SADAC. SADAC brings together nearly about 14 countries. There are many issues that they ought to deal with. I want to see young men and women moving from country to country without the requirement for visas. What have we seen? We have seen xenophobia. Right now there is conflict in Mozambique as I speak to you now, 50 people are massacred by people described as Islamists. Not a single SADAC leader has condemned it. We have seen what happened recently in West Africa. You know what is happening in the coming runes. You know what is happening in Mali. You know what is happening in Mauritania. You know what is happening in Bukina Faso. And you don't see them coming out as they should. They have to be prodded to come out. And when they come out their statements are so measured that they have no impact. And people are being impeded in terms of movement. You saw what happened between Nigeria and Ghana at the semi-border. You are closing borders in a world that requires young men and women to move. And if you come to East Africa, the heads of states have been unable to meet. In state I see the president of Burundi celebrating that they have now been re-admitted into the Francophonie. Can you believe it? In this day and age. And the African Union of course, they used to say of its predecessor the OAU that it was a toothless bulldog. This one I doubt even if it is a bulldog. That is the tragedy. Bro, you know, I am a young African who travels within Africa. And it's sad sometimes things that you see when you travel to another African country. I just feel like we don't have leaders in Africa. Because certain things happen and no one is able to come out and speak against it. I have been arrested in an African country which is not supposed to happen. I have been deported in an African country which is not supposed to happen. Do you ever think that Africa should come under one umbrella and use one passport? Oh yeah, I have no doubt. And of course to their credit, the African Union about two years ago in Kigali in Rwanda came up with the African passport. But beyond the launch, nothing. I have quarrelled with a young lady at the entry in Namibia when they are asking me for a visa. And a white man is passing. I have been denied entry in Zambia. Because they said I was a threat to the security of Zambia. I don't know how I can threaten the security of a country. So there is a sense in which I think that Africa needs to style up. I look forward to the day. When a young Ghanaian will pick up his or a bag in Accra and ride a train and ride that train to Addis Ababa in Ethiopia and the following week they are in Bangi in Central African Republic and they are in Lusaka and Lillongwe and they are looking for jobs without a work permit. It is doable because it is now happening in Europe. Europe which went to war with each other in two tribal wars that they called the first world war and the second world war. What you require is the dedication of young people. I no longer have faith in the generations that have gone past. Even my generation, I no longer have faith in most of them. I think it is your generation that are going to apply the necessary pressure and the remnants in the other generations will urge you on. Just look at the American election. You look at the intellectuals. They are expending so much energy giving you a blow by blow account in what is happening in American state. How does that matter? There is war in Ethiopia. They are not talking about it. There is war in Mozambique. They are not talking about it. There is an election in Tanzania. They are not talking about it. There is a forthcoming election in Uganda. They are not talking about it. There is a forthcoming election in Ghana. They do not know. Let me tell you. Yesterday, which was the sixth day of November this year, I was at a restaurant and I told somebody I want to test if these young people who are high school graduates know African leaders and I called for them and I asked them, do you know the president of Burundi, which is in the East African region? None of them knew the president of Burundi. But they knew which American actor had eaten something the previous day. They knew which European football had scored. They knew what was happening in the vote count in Georgia. How can a continent in the 21st century be so full of ignorant people and we expect that we are going to compete with the Chinese, with the Vietnamese, with the Japanese, with the Europeans and the Koreans in this age of information? Prof, you don't think our education system is wrong? Of course I do. For what you said, I think it's because of our education system, because we don't know our history. Somebody asked me a question yesterday that if you had the chance to change something in Africa, what will it be? I just said education system because I had to grow up just to find out my own history because we were never taught in school. A country like Ghana, you will never hear about common women to start growing up. I can't agree with you more.  A people without a sense of history cannot have a sense of their present and cannot have a sense of their future. That is why when you go to European countries, they have museums. Museums are the link between the present generation and the past generation. Here in many African countries, out of 10 people, if you ask them now, they visited museums because it was mandatory to do so when they were at school. But they can't just take their children to museums. When they travel to Europe and America, they travel to Disneyland, not to museums. I can't agree with you more. One of the things that we must do is to decolonize our minds. Gugiwa's young was right because if you control a people's mind through indoctrination and through false information and through false history, then you can control them very easily. Prof, do you think Africa needs democracy? You know, this is a question. I'm very glad you've asked me that question because Europe and America came here. Europe and America, I called them the conceptual west. They came here and told us democracy means multi-party politics. Democracy means regular elections. That cannot possibly be the only meaning of democracy. That can only mean western democracy. Africa must now begin to define her own democracy. And how do I define democracy? Democracy is a government in which the people have the opportunity and the right to participate in decision-making. It will differ from society to society but as long as the people have a role in decision-making that to me will constitute democracy. So I believe that African societies must define their own idea of democracy as long as the people participate, as long as those who are in charge of people's affairs are answerable to the people. That and your own countryman Nanna Kobin and Kesia who himself is a traditional ruler and a former professor at the University of Cape Coast has written a book talking exactly about that. That this idea of democracy which is one size fits all must be discarded as long as if Africa is to grow. The reason why we can't work, why we think that western democracy doesn't work in Africa is because it is not suitable to our circumstances. You now see in every African country almost after election there is conflict. Because the winners will deem to have rigged and the losers will never accept. That is not how Africans reign their affairs. I'm not claiming to have an answer but I'm clear about one thing. In a democratic dispensation those who are in charge must know that they are there because the people have put them there and they must know that the people must participate in decision making. Prof, there is this initiative that was brought by African Union that's the AAFCTCA. Africa Continental Free Trade Area. I just want to know what do you think about this initiative? Good. On paper very good. And I have been in touch that they were supposed to start their activities on the first day of July this year out of Akragana but it was postponed but they went and received the offices from President Nana Danko Adu Akufo Adu and that they are beginning to operate from the first day of January. I've had a conversation with the CEO of the organization Wamkele Mene from South Africa and I think that if we were to implement that this is what in Kruma was speaking about in 1958 so that there are many things that we are implementing now which Lukruma spoke about in 62 years ago and what it seeks to do which I think would be beautiful is to break down tariff and non-tariff barriers so that a good if we have chocolate and ganayans and togolis and codaei warans are now making chocolate we can have that chocolate without any barrier when it comes to East Africa it is going to dissolve the borders so I think it is going to encourage intra-African trade if it is not hijacked already the French are working to hijack it already the British are working to hijack it already the Americans are working to hijack it already the Chinese are working to hijack it by entering into bilateral relationship with African countries while under the ACFTA we are saying that we are going to negotiate as a bloc so that when we are negotiating on certain critical matters Africans are going to negotiate with the Chinese as Africa not as individual countries and I think therefore challenges will be there but the prospects are quite good if we combine it with a number of things one let's have one passport two let us move towards a single currency within the African continent three let us remove work permit requirements and that will of course ensure that we also eliminate visa requirements and sometimes I know why African countries can't eliminate visa because it is a revenue collection thing I have always said you can actually say there is no visa but there is an entry fee some twenty dollars so that you don't lose the revenue and that entry fee also allows you to monitor people as they enter for security reasons but eliminate the visa if I wake up today and I say that I want to go to Malawi let me go to Malawi and you say at the border I'll pay twenty shillings and give my full details and in these days of technology I don't even need to fill the form I can do it online so by the time I go there they just click and they see I'm there and I pay I can even pay online and one of the things that you young people should begin to do because you are technically and technologically savvy and I hope this is going to happen African banks must now move in the direction of running an African credit and debit card we should run away from these visas these master cards I want an afro card that afro card will ensure that money circulates within the continent today I use a visa card linked to a bank the money goes outside of the continent so a lot of our money is getting out of the continent and when that happens it means we can't fund research and development when we can't fund research and development it means that you who are in the technological space you cannot enable you to participate in the commercial arena and yet we are going to be 1.4 billion SCFTA is going to create the largest common market in the world


In just a moment auto light presents suspense with Edmond O'Brien and Anne Blythe Say hello hello hap see now Auto light electrical parts are original factory parts when your cars electrical system needs attention place safe get auto light original factory parts the Choice of car manufacturers Gosh, I wish I could get a super simple slogan to sell all owners of auto light equipped cars on how important it is to replace Worn parts on their generator starting motor or distributor or for that matter their complete coil and voltage regulator with auto light original factory parts Mm-hmm. You see hap me hearty Here's the point whenever your car needs attention whenever you need replacement parts the smartest safest thing you can do is Drive down to your nearest auto light service station or the dealer who sells your make-of-car and ask for auto light Original parts and service naturally. Oh, and let's hear some more about it leader here suspense Auto light and its 60,000 dealers and service stations bring you radios outstanding theater of thrills Starting tonight. Mr. Edmond O'Brien and Miss Anne Blythe in Anton leader's production of muddy track A tale well-calculated to keep you in suspense They say to me don't be bitter Harry I'm not bitter They say forget it Harry That I can't do I'll never be able to forget it or her How did it happen? Well, like practically every important thing that ever happens to anybody it just happened. I Was in the bar see Got a match. I Said got a match who me What's the matter? Girl shy or just match shy. I thought you were talking to the bartender. Yeah Well, I'm glad we got that straighten out What are you drinking coke at this hour? Clear me up on something angel face. Are we trying to get acquainted with each other? You're cute. I'm broke flat busted.  I only take around when I can buy one back. I'm not trading. I'm buying you could have fooled me I Repeat you're cute Eddie. Give my friend a bourbon somatic and playing the nags Oh, you read minds too, huh? Simple tracks open. That's a good suit you got on and you've been nursing that coke for 20 minutes Besides your racing form showing. That's pretty good. How's my future look? Depends. What do you do for a living? I'm glad you waited for me, Brandy. Augie. I like you to wait for me When you don't wait, it makes me unhappy Now there was a guy I wouldn't want to see unhappy. He was friendly. All right, but he was overdoing it Everything about him was too set too sharp clothes manicure even as eyes like two blue marbles But I'll give you said you wouldn't be here till 10. So Who's this guy? The name's clock Harry clock Brandy go part of your nose. I Okay, you don't have to get in an uproar always getting what were you talking to Brandy about no kidding Is that her name? What were you talking about? Believe it or not a job. Oh, so you're looking for a job Where are you from out of town?  Why what's the job answering the phone? That can't pay much five percent of the take What take I'm oggy Persian. I run the books in this town and I've got a new setup For you if you want it. Oh a bookie. Yeah, it's a new one for me. Oh, I don't know if say Why would you want to give me a job? You want the job or don't you? Well, since you put it that way Persian We're in business Eddie a couple of more drinks. Where are you drinking bourbon on second thought? I think I'll switch to Brandy Not a good idea Brandy lovers die young I'll take that chance. Hmm. You've got a lot of noir, ain't you? And that's all I've got I'm flat broke. How do you feel about advances? I don't mind them at all so long as you keep them in cash I should have walked out then it was too easy, but I couldn't kick too much I had 25 of Persians bucks in my pockets had guaranteed he'd pick me up in the morning like he said He was punctual at 10 30 a.m. Sharp a big black sedan pulled up in front of my rooming house Persian was all smiles as we drove across town to a small apartment house He took me up to the third floor to apartment 3b open the door and handed me the key Well, this is where you work. Here's the scratch sheets and there's the phone.  Why? Well, that's the name over the bell. Oh, she lives in this apartment She know you're using the place you just answered the phone. Yeah, but suppose you came in look you get here at 11 And pull out at 4 she'll never see you. That's the way. I want it all the time understand But how do I thinks Brandy uses the apartment does she?  Yeah, let's call it that The boys have passed the word around about the new phone. You ought to be getting action pretty quick Right up all the bet you take I'll call you up from time to time with results so long It was one of those small apartments with a pull-down bed, but it was kind of nice The Sun came in at the windows of the living room. I had it in mind to explore the kitchen for a cup of coffee But Persian was right the word had got around Hello, this is JK give me five win five show on oatmeal in the third at Pimlico five win five show oatmeal Okay, JK, by the way, how's the track there? Ah, let's see Pimlico Raining but still fast. Okay. Thanks. I Was in business. I still had the coffee on my mind But I had something else on my mind too the picture of a girl smiling at me alongside the telephone It's good to have company even if it was only a picture frame Because I was beginning to develop a queer creepy feeling and again. I thought Maybe I ought to get out But they kept me too busy It was almost one o'clock and I still hadn't had that cup of coffee the phone kept ringing and the girl in the picture kept smiling I Felt kind of cold all of a sudden Maybe because I hadn't eaten all day. I Headed for the kitchen thinking there'd be some eggs at least maybe some bacon It was one of those swinging doors to the kitchen. I pushed it open She was lying at the end of the kitchen near the sink all lumped up Her blonde hair matted with blood. I grabbed the stove to keep my legs from buckling. I was glad I hadn't eaten But I turned her over just the same It was brandy She was dead So that's why all the Persian hired me and I'd called him a sucker for suspends Auto light is bringing you Edmond O'Brien and Anne Blythe in radio's outstanding theater of thrills Suspends really as important as auto light says to replace worn out electrical parts in my car with original factory parts Important why buy Cornelius the auto light people are the world's largest independent manufacturers of original factory parts for automobiles More than 10 million cars are equipped with auto light parts Think of it generators distributors coils starting motors spark plugs batteries and a whole host of other automotive parts are made by Auto light and every one of those parts is precision designed by auto light engineers who know cars better than old Dobbin noses oaths sure do by Cornelius your car will take to original factory parts like ducks take to water and listen to this Hap that auto light service authorized factory service to yes authorized factory service to Hap why those skilled Auto light servicemen are factory trained to pamper pet putter and pry till they get pinpoint perfection from every electrical unit in your car Let me tell you that combination of auto light original factory parts plus auto light authorized factory service is Unbeatable unmatchable unaccelerated at Harley which time to become suspensible And now auto light brings back to a Hollywood soundstage Mr. Edmund O'Brien as Harry and Miss Ann Blythe as Eleanor in muddy track But tail well calculated to keep you in Suspend Brandy looked a whole lot different that she had last night a mascara had mixed with tears and her face was bruised Somebody had given her the backhand treatment It had all the earmarks of a fine Persian hand But the thing that had put her out of circulation was a blow on the back of her head So Augie Persian had fitted me out for a murder rap. That's why he was so anxious to hire a guy He didn't know anything about the doorbell Could that be I looked around. I was three floors up and no fire escape no back door All I could do was hope they'd go away What do you want? Not now you can let it go until tomorrow I said let it go Never mind never mind. Here's a here's a dollar for your trouble. Well, thank you, but I don't think I should take it make it next week Forced myself to wait there till I could be sure she'd gone away to clean another apartment Finally, I let myself out Carefully it was good to get out on the street again people kids And somewhere somebody laughed if I hurried I had a fair chance of getting out of town I could keep out of Persian's way. I walked all the way to my rooming house Stopped me cold All over the place. I started back on the double ran all three flights up to the apartment Open the door with the key Persian had given me Fingerprints I had to get rid of them all I picked up the phone Wiped it clean The kitchen I Tried to keep my eyes away from her But I couldn't help it She looked so pitiful there on the floor And then I noticed something clutched in her hand a pasteboard. I Carefully forced a hand open Was a pawn ticket I put it in my pocket and started to get up She was leaning against the kitchen door a face white with shock Yes, she did yes Who are you? What are you doing here? How did you get in this apartment? I live here. Oh, and you're Eleanor Grayson Yes, who are you? I'll ask the questions. Come on. I'm a detective Let's get out of here. I Heard of her out of the apartment. She thought I was taking her down to the station But I steered her into a chop suey joint. I ordered some tea for her. She looked like she was gonna faint. She drank it Feel better. Oh, yes Yes, thank you I'm sorry to be such a bother. I I guess it was quite a shock No No, not really. What do you mean? Brandy was a strange girl always getting into trouble always getting mixed up with the wrong sort of Men known are long all my life We're from the same town came here together. She had the apartment for a while She worked on the elevator next to mine in the Broadway building, but she hated it And then one day a photographer rode in her car and the next day she was a model That's when she took the name of brandy her real name is Evangeline She had the face of a Madonna, but I Know I met her looked like uptown talked like downtown That must be yeah, take it easy. Take it easy Now tell me what was she doing in your apartment today? She paid half the rent Well, she said she needed to use the phone for modeling appointments, but I never really believed that I Needed the money. I Shouldn't have let her know I'll get into trouble.   You'd be surprised about us policeman You'll help me. I'll do what I can you promise. Yeah, sure sure don't bank on it too much But everything I can It's a lousy trick a lie to her like that She'd be all right, and I needed time that siren meant that the chase had started It was my skin I had to worry about I put her on a street car, and I headed in the opposite direction on another I had to transfer twice to reach the spot. I was bound for the safest way to get out of town About an hour later and a diner on the outskirts of town. I found my boy Yeah, I'll give you a ride Mac, but I ain't high balling out till midnight and I can't pick you up here insurance spot I was around nowhere Fremont turns into Kelso by 101. Yeah, yeah, I'll find it. Well look be there by the signal a little after 12 I'll pick you up. I went back to my rooming house to get my stuff My rent was paid. I wouldn't have to see anybody I'd sure be glad to get out of this town You made me lose a bet Clark It was a fat man He was holding a cigar He put the cigar on his mouth, and I was conscious of dimples three of them one in his chin One in each cheek.  What do you want? I'm the contented type I hardly ever want nothing But Augie does Augie Persian He wants to see you bad, I Didn't say anything. I didn't have any words to argue with a gun. He pressed against me as we went down the stairs There was a car about halfway down the block a big black sedan I knew that once I got into that car the chances where I wouldn't climb out again. So I made a run for it Ducked into an alley.  I hid behind a bowl of a chimney as he came around. I let him have it Right He went down like a paper sack filled with water He just sat there and grinned holding on to his belly sucking in air like an asthmatic I ran to the other end of the alley and rolled my first seven when I hit a bus sign Advertising beds at half a buck a throw This would be my hideout until 11 30 When I'd catch my truck ride I Hit the pillow Shut my eyes when I woke up Son was coming through the dirty windows. There were two old men talking close by No, sir. Are you you don't catch me leaving town with that dragnet the cops got spread. Well, what time is it? About seven o'clock seven o'clock in the morning. Well, that ain't the moon shining out there I'd lost my chance to get out of town But what was worse drag net he said I had to find out I dashed out onto the street to buy a paper And then I discovered it Somebody in the flop house had rolled me I didn't have a penny and the news boy hollering his head off about mysterious man sorting models killing Couldn't afford to float around town with no dough I couldn't afford the chance of ending up in a police lineup and I certainly couldn't afford to let Persian get his hooks into me Was only one other person I knew I Had to risk seeing her I Made my way to the center of town. I went through an arcade into the Broadway building and watched the elevators She was running the second one from the right I went up to the top floor on one of the others and got off and waited When her car registered near the top and nobody was in the hall I pressed the button to signal. I've got a talk to you. You're not a detective. You didn't fool me for long I know I'm sorry about that, but did you kill her? What why would I want to kill right? I just met her last night in a bar, but you were in the apartment leaning over I know I know it looks bad, but you gotta believe me. That's the start of signal. I have to go please wait Wait, I I haven't got anybody to turn to but you they're looking for you I know the cleaning woman told I wouldn't want you to think that I I'll lose my job. Please please police have been in the building all day. You'll get caught here You gotta believe me. I I didn't kill brandy. I've got to go. Please Look look I'm broke. I I haven't got a nickel. You you gotta help me. I got a talk to you Here's a dollar. I'll try to get you more later I get off work at six meet me at the Chinese restaurant where you took me yesterday. Okay, thanks The buck was crumpled in my fist till I got out of the building and I stuck it in my pocket And discovered a little piece of paper and got there first It was the pawn ticket the ticket I'd taken out of brandy's hand when I found her in the kitchen of the apartment Might be nothing It might be something I had to find out Hey, bud. Are you talking to me? Yeah, can you tell me where the act me pawn shop is sure right down the block? Oh, thanks Hey, mister, not that way the other way the other way I knew which way I was going all right because in front of that pawn shop I'd seen a long black car and sitting behind the wheel was Persia I spent the next two hours in a movie, but I don't know what the picture was about Porn ticket kept bothering me Was she really on my side could I depend on her I? Decided to go to the Chinese restaurant alright, but I wouldn't go in I'd wait a few doors down the street She was on the level. She'd come along Here I am You said the restaurant hi are you hungry no let's walk it won't be safe to walk They're looking for come on. We can't stand here. There's there's the park across the street. It'll be dark soon All right, you look tired. I am I'm dead Here's a bench. Why don't we sit down? Okay No, no, maybe maybe it isn't such a good idea. Why not? Well parks. I feel a cop snooping around maybe we'd better go No, no, let's stay Yes, sit down.  I forgot isn't easy for you either is it? I'm worried about you What are you going to do? I don't know I don't know if I only had something to go on wait a minute There is something I almost forgot it what? Pawn ticket Pawn ticket. Yeah, I found it in Brandy's hand. Let me see it. I gotta write here. Kiss me. Huh? There's a policeman. He's coming this way hurry up and kiss me. I Held her in a clinch until the cops footsteps disappeared past us every nerve tight as a stretched tendon and then suddenly The tightness was gone and there was something else in its place It had started out as just a prop kiss just a guy and a gal on a park bench But that wasn't what it turned into Eleanor Harry I didn't notice it before You're beautiful all day. I've been running running Just now 30 seconds ago. I started to slow up. I know There isn't much time Harry Please let me see the pawn ticket. Sure, honey. Got it right here. What's the matter? That car down where big blacks at and look they just stopped without lights Persian's car Persian yeah, but how did he know where I was Harry Harry. Give me the pawn ticket. We've got to get away from here Eleanor Come on. No wait. Come on. Don't be silly. Come on. Hurry stop stop What are you doing with that gun? Never mind Just hand over the pawn ticket. Why are you so anxious to have it? What's this all about? Don't ask questions. Just give me the ticket All right, I don't know Put down the gun. I had I'll give it to you. No tricks now. Oh, of course not no tricks Don't move clock. This is a gun I got to see if she's dead dimples. Okay, Augie We we were fighting for the gun it went off. I I don't understand why never trust a dame Clark any dame Eleanor told us you'd be here in the Chinese restaurant or the park. She called me why? She called you But she ain't gonna live very long It looks like crime doesn't pay Eleanor, huh?   You're crazy. You're you're crazy. No, you are Clark for trusting her Why don't you tell him Eleanor?   She had to have this Even if I had fallen for a double-cross and rubbed you out this ticket would still point to her Harry what Eleanor?  Yeah, I know kid. I know I had a girl to leave me alone now look Leave me alone.  Those aren't adjectives Those are facts and the fact is I old Harlow a for auto light Wilcox would give a mountain of money for a meaty Memorable motto to remind America's millions of owners of auto light equipped cars to accept no substitute for auto light parts For there is no substitute for auto light parts So friends if you want really reliable electrical parts and service drive down to your nearest auto light service station or the dealer Who sells your make-of-car and ask for auto light original factory parts and service? Tell him I sent you and you'll be taken care of extra pronto Auto light you'll find auto light service stations listed in your classified telephone directory under automotive Electrical equipment and remember your auto light electrical system is the lifeline of your car, right friends And here's something else to remember Auto light means spark plugs ignition engineered spark plugs auto light means batteries stay full batteries auto light means ignition systems the lifeline of your car and Now here again as mr. Edmund O'Brien I'd like to say for Anne Blythe and myself that it's been a pleasure to appear unsuspened That's right Eddie and next week. We'll be listening to one of the most famous of all suspense shows Agnes Moorhead in sorry wrong number and that is really tops in Suspend and Blythe appeared through the courtesy of Universal International and can now be seen in mr. Peabody and the mermaid released by Universal International Edmund O'Brien may soon be seen in Warner Brothers Technicolor production Fighter Squadron Tonight suspense play was written by Bob Shelley and Buckley Angel with music composed by Lucian more awake and conducted by Lud Bluskin The entire production was under the direction of Anton M leader in the coming weeks Suspense will present such stars as Ronald Coleman Rosalind Russell James Cagney Margaret O'Brien Claude Reigns and Peter Laurie Make it a point to listen each Thursday to Suspense radios outstanding theater of thrills and next Thursday same time here Agnes Moorhead in Sorry wrong number No light suspense show on this armistice day Auto light is proud to join all America in a salute to the United States Marine Corps on its hundred seventy-third anniversary Good night switch to auto light. This is CBS the Columbia broadcasting system


The Supreme Court has dismissed an appeal by the People's Democratic Party seeking to restore the nullification of the participation of Washington State's former Governor Gwegao Yatola and his deputy Benedict Al-Abi in the July 16, 2022, governorship election. Justice Emeka Omwita of the Federal High Court in Abuja had an adjudgment on September 30, 2022, nullify the participation of Yatola and Al-Abi in the governorship election on the grounds that their nomination forms were endorsed by an acting chairman of APC who was also a servant governor of Yopay State, Me Mala Booni. In adjudgment this morning, a five-member panel of the Supreme Court led by Justice Senator Sungweze held that the PDP could not, under the law, question the process leading to the emergence of Yatola and Al-Abi as candidates of the APC in the election.


The research project focuses on the work, well-being and careers of Central and Eastern European migrant workers in the Netherlands during COVID-19. COVID-19 presented new challenges to the labour market. In particular, working conditions of Central and Eastern European migrant workers were adversely affected. The project will concentrate on working conditions for Central and Eastern European labour migrants in the food production chain, in the logistics part and the greenhouse horticulture. Our project focuses on goal 8 of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, which aims to secure decent work for all. The project investigates how a shared responsibility can be realised in the food supply chain by involving multiple stakeholders such as employers, migrant workers, employers' organisations and trade unions throughout five sub-projects.


Hi everyone, I'm a dumb. I forgot to show you the rip open the silver packs out of this break right here Random team three and the box toppers Come on Joe. They're the box hoppers And let's rip the silver packs and I did a recap of all those a random team three hits in the previous video We just scrub to the end. You'll be able to See the recap Some of these silver pack hard they can be There's autographs possibilities Parallel possibilities All right, so again, these are the silver packs and box hoppers for a random team of three See what we got. There's a Riley green There's a blue Cal Ripken jr. To 150 so the Riley green will go to Michael and the Tigers Cal Ripken jr Raymond and the Orioles Got some green green Adley Rushman nice to 99 That's for Raymond and the Orioles Miguel Vargas for the Dodgers that will be for Richard and a Josh Smith at the end There and the last little bit We got a purple Matt Olson for the Braves That's to 75 and that's going to go to Carl and the Braves. There you go gang Apologies for forgetting to do this at the end of the other video, but we got it taken care of here in this video I'm Joe for jazzy's case breaks calm. I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye. Bye


The mutual broadcasting system in cooperation with Family Theater Incorporated presents Little Boy Blue starring Robert Walker and Jean Crane. William Gargan is your host.  You know if you stood on any street corner and asked a dozen people what they want most in life, you'd get a variety of answers. But a lot of them would add up to something like Brother, give me a million bucks and I'll be satisfied. Yes, some people got it figured out. They've got it figured that a million bucks will buy a new kind of home life, security, happiness. But here's something, a sure way to that new home life, that security, that happiness. Ever think about all the things you can do and have with God's help, with the help of prayer? You'll never know what prayer can do until you've tried praying. Sincerely, earnestly, putting your whole heart and soul into prayer. You'll never know what family prayer will mean in your home until you've tried praying together as a family. Maybe a million bucks will buy happiness and security. Maybe it will. But there's no doubt about the peace and joy, the security and happiness that comes into a home with the daily practice of family prayer. Family prayer means God is there in your home. That's lasting security. That's real happiness. William Gargan will be back following tonight's family theater story, Little Boy Blue, starring Gene Crane and Robert Walker. He wrote these words. God in his providence obscures the goal beyond this veil of sorrow and smiles at men in pity when they seek to penetrate the moral with faith that all is for the best. Let's bear what burdens are presented that we shall say, let come what may, we die as we have lived, contented. For you, Gene, feel the contented life was made up of these things, his faith in God, his friends, his sense of humor, his children, his beloved wife, Julia. St. Joseph, Missouri in the 70s. Along the board sidewalk of the main street, a young man with hat on the back of his head and necktie streaming away from his high collar, half runs, half walks through the late afternoon crowd. Oh, excuse me. Excuse me, please. Well, really? Excuse me. Gene, Gene Field, when did you get back? Oh, I have no time to talk now, Josh. Hey, Gene, wait a minute. Oh, oh, excuse me, please. Yes? Well, Mr. Field, I thought you were in Europe. Well, I was. Has her father left yet? Well, I think he was just going out the side door. Oh, good. Thanks. I'll try to catch him. Oh, I'm very sorry, sir. Let me help. Oh, Mr. Comstock. Field, I might have known. Are you all right? I was hurrying to see you. I just got back from Europe. And did you knock people down like that all the way over? Oh, no, sir. Sir, I've talked to Julia. I assumed. And I've got to talk to you, Mr. Comstock. We want to get married. So you informed me two years ago. And what was my answer? Well, you said we'd have to wait two years till Julia was 20. Correct. And what else did I say? You said I should be established in business. Well? Well, I've decided that the most important business I have to attend to right now is marrying Julia. Indeed. Young man, don't you realize Julia's still a girl? Oh, well, she'll outgrow that, sir. I'd be a fool to give my consent. Well? Oh, are you implying that I am a fool? Oh, no, sir. Well, as a matter of fact, I am. I would have been where Julia's concerned. Field, if you make that girl unhappy, I'll take it out of your hide. Julia. Yes, Jean. He said yes, Julia. Oh, Jean. Yeah, we'll be married next week. And a honeymoon in St. Louis. St. Louis? Oh, Julia. New York. Nothing but the biggest and the best for the wife of Eugene Field. That's the new elevated railway train, Julia. Just one of the sites of New York. You mean it runs way up there above the street? That's right. Oh, it's fabulous, Jean. Unbelievably so. Oh, you're beautiful, Mrs. Field. Unbelievably so. Waiter. Oh, waiter. Yes, sir? Uh, pigs feed Alla St. Joe for two, please. Pigs feed Alla St. Joe, sir? That's what I said. Well, now, surely an establishment as far famed as the Waldorf Astoria would wish to make two honeymooners from St. Joseph of Missouri feel at home. Oh, Jean. And tonight, tonight we see Frufru, Julie. Frufru? Musical comedy at the Fifth Avenue Theater. Oh, I didn't think there could be another theater in New York. Well, I guess this is the last one. Happy, Julia. I'm with you, Jean. A trip to Europe, a wedding, a honeymoon in New York. Undoubtedly a costly one. And now I'm home, Mr. Gray. Yes, and I presume broke again. You came to ask for another advance from your father's estate, is that correct, Jean? Well, I came primarily to see you, Mr. Gray, but I won't deny that some money would be welcome. Mm-hmm. Eugene, I think it's about time you and I had a serious talk. The estate your father left in my trust is not endless, you know. Mm-hmm, I know. Mind you, I'm not accusing you of squandering. I consider the trip to Europe a reasonable part of your education. Your marriage, and I suppose even an expense of honeymoon in New York can be justified. But you've got to settle down. Yeah, well, I... Yes, I suppose you're right, sir. You've got to think of a career. And I consider it my duty to force you to think of a career. Therefore... Uh, therefore no money. No money? Mm-hmm. Well, you know, I deserve that, sir. You're absolutely right. And I'm resolved right now to launch on a career, on the variety stage. Look, now see here. You're not going to talk about going on the stage again. Oh, yes, I am. I forbid it. But you just said I have to have a career, and my friends consider me very entertaining. Gene Field, you can't do this. A cheap entertainer. Think of the family name. Oh, I have, sir. Oh, I wouldn't think of using my own name, of course. Well, at least you show that much sense. Oh, no, I decided to use your name. What? Melville L. Gray, Banjo and Specialty Artist. What? Gene Field, you wouldn't dare. You wouldn't have the audacity to... Oh, yes, sir. This is another one of your preposterous jokes. Well, now, Mr. Gray, needing money is no joke, I assure you. Very well, very well. You'll get your money again. But I tell you, this is the last time. Positively the last time. Mr. Gray, you know, you're one of the most understanding men I've ever known.  You get out of here. Take this check and get out before I change my mind. Thank you, Mr. Gray. Thank you again, and Julie would want me to thank you too. Oh, by the way, I forgot to tell you. What now? Well, I'm editor of the St. Joseph Gazette. You're what? I've got a job as an editor of the St. Joseph Gazette. Start tomorrow.  You deliberately... Gene Field, you're impossible. Thanks for the check, Mr. Gray. Thanks indeed. If it weren't your own money, it would be robbery.  Gene, your first pay envelope? Yes. Open it up. Not even a quarter out for a haircut. But the envelope, it's made out to me. Oh. Well, that's just an error, I guess. Oh, thank you for a very nice error, Gene. A Valentine. What a poem. Oh, Gene. When all these months we've been married, you've thought of me as just a newspaper man. You didn't know I was going to win fame and fortune as a poet, did you? Oh, it's a beautiful poem, Gene. Well, of course. It was written for a beautiful woman. What in heaven's name makes you so quiet, Gene? Well, working on a poem, of course. It's entitled to the new baby. Oh, the new baby. Our baby. Oh, it's so wonderful. I'm almost frightened. Wait a minute. Frightened? Never be frightened of the future, Julie. We'll make a wonderful family. And something else, Julie. What, dear? Well, while after the baby comes, I might take a trip down to St. Louis. I've heard tell they need a good man on the paper down there, and they might even be interested in someone like me. Oh, Gene. Well, here you are, Gene. Oh, thanks. Thanks for the lift for the station. You know, I just can't wait to tell Julie the good news. Ah, don't blame me for getting a good job in a big town like St. Louis. Yeah. Well, see you later. Oh, thanks. Oh, and give my regards to the family. Julie. Julie, I'm back. Julie, I... Hello, Gene. Well, Mr. Gray and Mr. Comstock. Gene, this is Dr. Mason. Doc? Julie. What's happened to Julie? Not Julia, Gene. I'm sorry, Mr. Field. The disease struck suddenly. I did all that could be done for him. The boy? We tried to send for you in St. Louis. We couldn't find you. Where's my wife? I want to see Julie. Julie. Gene. Oh, Gene. Julie, my beloved. We tried so hard to find you. I... I shouldn't have gone. I shouldn't have left you. Oh, don't say that. Gene. Oh, Gene. Now, I know why I've been frightened. It was so awful knowing I was powerless. Knowing there was... Oh, forgive me. Oh, cry, Julie. Why don't you cry? Oh, I don't know. We were too happy, Julie. You know, I've been a fool to think that happiness can be of our own making. I've been too much of a coward to accept reality. Gene, what are you saying? Oh, I don't know, Julie. I don't think you do.  Bless you, honey. The St. Louis General. Eugene Field, editorial writer. The Kansas City Times. Eugene Field, managing editor. Announces the birth of a daughter. The Denver Tribune. Eugene Field, managing editor and columnist. Celebrates the arrival of a son. Eugene Field. Oh, hello, Julie. What's the matter? Eugene Field, I want an explanation of this. Oh, mm-hmm. Yeah, I noticed you called me Eugene. Okay, what have I done now? We came out here to Manitou for a restful weekend. Is that right? Mm-hmm, that's right. To get a few days' vacation from the children. That's right. For the meeting of the Denver Press Club. Then would you please explain this poster? That? Oh, that? Well, it's self-explanatory, isn't it? Tonight, monster benefit show, Manitou Hotel Main Dining Room. Come one, come all, admission 50 cents. Isn't that clear enough? It's all too clear. Putting posters all over town, announcing a show, when you know very well there isn't any show, is bad enough. But to suggest you might charge admission. Well, how else can you raise money, honey, if you don't charge admission? It's for a worthy charity. Yes, what charity? Well, children need new shoes, and they could use some toys. What? Well, I've merely said that children... Oh, Jean, you wouldn't have the nerve to do a thing like that. What, what people might really come? Of course. But there isn't any show. Well, they can't just sit there. Junior, I'm surprised at you. They won't just sit there. If the people of Manitou will provide an audience, heaven will provide the entertainment. Jean, please, I'm serious. And so am I. Oh, and by the way, here's your free pass to the show. I'll probably be busy at the box office tonight, taking in the money. Hmm? I can't believe it, Kerry. He's really done it. Yes, and quite a turn-up, too. Looks like the whole town's here. What's he gonna do, Kerry? Taking money from these miners. But they might not like it. Yes, I know. Oh, hello, Evans. Good evening, Kerry. Hello, Mrs. Field. Evans, is there... Have any entertainers? No, Junior, no entertainers. There's nobody backstage at all. I hope Jean hasn't carried this joke too far. The crowd's getting a little important. Wait a minute. Wait. There he is getting up on the platform now. He's going to the piano. Oh, no. He's not going to try to play himself. But he is. Oh, this is awful. This is simply awful. Oh, Jean. How was I? Huh? Oh, well, I couldn't have been that bad. It was a miracle they liked you getting up there and entertaining for two hours all by yourself. Was it really two hours? It was. But that's not what I want to talk about. Jean, please listen to me because I mean it. I insist that you return every cent of that money. After working that hard, oh, not really, Junior. No, Jean. Listen to me. I'm not laughing. I don't think this was a funny joke. Oh, you really mean that, don't you? I do. Well, I guess you're right. I don't know exactly how I'll get in touch with all those people again, but... Oh, excuse me. Somebody at the door. Oh, come in, Mrs. Orsatti. Mr. Eiffield. I cannot. Mr. Eiffield. That was the most wonderful thing anyone has ever done for me. Oh, Mrs. Orsatti, this is my wife, too. Mrs. Orsatti, what? Jean, what? Well, you see, Mrs. Orsatti's husband was killed in the mines the other day, and she had several children. Of course, if you insist on sending the money back, Jean. Oh, no, Jean. Well, there's a little more than $200 in this envelope, Mrs. Orsatti. It's a gift from the people of Manitou. Oh, thank you. Thank you. I don't know how I'll... Oh, the people of Manitou don't expect any thanks, Mrs. Orsatti. Now, you go along to those kids of yours. You have an angel for a husband, Mrs. Eiffield. An angel?  But she needed the money, Julia. And you let me think you were going to use the money? Well, all I said was that the children needed shoes, and they do. I told you that the money was for a worthy charity. Well, you didn't really doubt me, did you, Julia? Of course I doubted you. You don't know how many times I've doubted you. Really? But I won't anymore. I can promise you that.  The success of two recent volumes of poems has brought Eugene Field, his wife Julia and their children, now four in number, to Chicago. Now it's a day in April, 1888. And at the modest flat on Diversey Boulevard, supper is being made especially festive by a treat of gooseberry tarts. No, sir, it's mine. You already had three. Didn't either. I only had two in a little old smidgy. Why, Junior Field, I saw two of you. Whoa, whoa, whoa. Wait a minute here. Mother, wasn't I under the impression that there were knives out in the kitchen? Well, there were last time I looked. Well, and it seems to me that this last tart could be cut up in four pieces? Hmm? Well, that is unless you all want me to eat it. Oh, my God!  Cut it. You don't either. I'm the oldest. Wait a minute. Mel. Huh? Oh, that's a beauty of a shiner. Come over here. Let me look. Oh, it don't hurt. Doesn't. All right, doesn't. See? Did you see this, Mel? Yes, I saw it. Don't tell me you got in a fight, Mel. Nope. Freddie just let his old rag dog in the stairs again. I only fell from the first landing. Yes, Freddie's always doing that, too. Father, I think you should speak to it. Yeah, maybe I should. Remind me to speak to you, Freddie. Uh-huh. And would you fix my soldier? He's busted. He's broken, Freddie. Uh-huh. And he's busted, too. Hey, when are we going to get the knife and cut this tar? I'm awful hungry. Oh, that's very nice, Mary Bravo. Your music's coming along. Fine. Oh, this is a life, Mother. Concert after dinner, huh? Well, I got another new piece I can play, too. Well, don't you think we'd better let Freddie play his piece for Daddy, dear? Oh, has Freddie got a piece, too? Uh-huh. He only plays with one finger. Well, just the same. I think we should hear it. But not at a concert like this one, honey. Come on, Freddie. All right. Ah, gee.  The sheep's in the meadows, the cow's in the corn. Where is the boy that looks after the sheep? Rowdy's all in bed, Julia. Oh, at last. Tired. A little. You working? Well, I've... I've got pen and paper out, but no idea yet. Slason Thompson wants me to do a poem for the first issue of his new magazine, The America. Oh, well, that's nice. I won't bother you. No, wait, Julie. Don't go just yet. Oh, why, dear? Well, I just wanted to say that that's a wonderful family of yours. Ours, Jean. Mm-hmm. Grave Alice and Laughing Allegra and Edith with a golden hair. What's that? Children's hour. Long fella. About his family, I guess. But it might be about ours. How do you mean? I was noticing tonight. Grave Freddy, Laughing Mel, Penny with an appetite like a horse. To say nothing of our 11-year-old grown-up Mary. Oh, it's strange, isn't it? Are they each different, one from the other? Like snowflakes. They all look the same until you get them under a microscope. Jean. Yes? I wonder what the other one would have been like. Yes, Julie, I've often wondered about him, too. He would have been 14 in three months now. Almost a young man. On the football team, probably, huh? Having his first sweetheart. And different from all the rest. Yes. Well, this isn't getting your work done. No, I suppose not. I'll go then. Please don't stay up too late. Good night. Good night, Blue Eyes. Hey, dear and I, dear. Hey, Blue Eyes. Hey, Blue Eyes. I'll get a new idea. Jean. I'm about... Little boy blue. Little boy.  The little toy dog is covered with dust. But, sturdy and staunch, he stands. Meal Oatmeal. Come on, hot oatmeal for everybody. Hey, Penny, what do you do with my skate key? Well, if you take better care of it, you wouldn't be losing it all the time. All right, all right. At the table, everybody. Come on, Freddie. It's your turn to say grace. And all that in our lives is good, but gives our hearts gratitude. Amen. Amen. Well, well, well. Oh, happy birthday. Oh, happy birthday. Good morning. Good morning. I'm a little boy blue-eyed. You'd better have a poem for us after working all night. Yes. I have, Julie. I have. Oh, have your daddy. Will you say it for us? Well, I... Everybody, daddy's got a poem. Yes, I have. Wow, chatty, chatty. How was it? Please. All right, now. Julie, I want you especially to listen. I think you'll know what it means. What does it got her name, daddy? Mm-hmm. I call it Little Boy Blue. And here it is. The little toy dog is covered with dust, but sturdy and staunch, he stands. Little toy soldier is red with rust and his musket molds in his hands. Time was when the little toy dog was new and the soldier was passing fair and that was the time when our little boy blew, kissed him, and put them there. Now don't you go till I come, he said, and don't you make any noise. And so, toddling off to his trundle-beddy drench of the pretty toys. And as he was dreaming, an angel song awakened. Our little boy blew. Oh, the years are many and the years are long but the little toy friends are true. I, faithful to little boy blue they stand, each in the same old place, awaiting the touch of a little hand, the smile of a little face.  Well, Julie, what do you think? I love you, Genefield. This is Bill Goggin again.  Isn't that true? Genefield's had a great idea in the romance of little things. The adventure we can find in simple daily living. I guess that's why we get a real lift out of beating someone who's enthusiastic about his work. Enthusiastic about his home, his family, his wife and children. It's nice to meet a guy who gets out of the humdrum way of seeing things. A guy who looks at the value of something before he starts worrying about the price of it. Because there are some things money just can't buy. They're too valuable. A happy home is one of them. God's blessing is another. And family prayer isn't too much to pay for a happy home. Yes, there's romance in loving God because love makes daily living a new adventure. There's romance in family prayer because it brings a purpose and enthusiasm into family life. And where there's adventure, romance, and enthusiasm in the simple things of family life, there's a lot of happiness in a home. That's why a family that prays together stays together. Before saying good night, I'd like to thank Robert Walker and Gene Crane for their performances this evening. Our thanks to Everett Tomlinson for writing tonight's play and to Max Tehr for his music. This production of Family Theater Incorporated was directed by David Young. Others who appeared in tonight's play were Virginia Gregg, Bob Purcell, Ralph Moody, Tony Diorzi, Alan Harris, Vic Parran, Gilbert Barnett, and Carol Lees. Our family theater stars will be Dan Durrier and Skippy Homeyer in Toledo, Smith. Your hostess will be Shirley Temple. This is Bill Goggin saying good night and God bless you. This series of the Family Theater broadcasts is made possible by the thousands of you who felt the need for this kind of program and by the mutual broadcasting system which has responded to this need. Be with us next week. Tony LaFranco speaking. This is the Mutual Broadcasting System. Thank you.


The Bible speaks differently to husbands. Let me give you one instance of this, 1 Peter 3 verse 7. What's it say? It says, husbands likewise, dwell with your wives with understanding, giving honor to the wife as to the weaker vessel, and as being heirs together of the grace of life that your prayers may not be hindered. Dwell with your wives with understanding. Treat them gently. Paul in Ephesians 5 speaks about cherishing and nourishing the wife. You don't bully your wife. You don't control her like she's one of the pets in the house. You love her. You treat her tenderly. You care for her. You comfort her. You sacrifice for her. You don't bully her. You don't treat her improperly. A pagan in the pagan mind, that sounded like a good idea. Yeah, show everybody who's the boss. And that's pagan advice. And unfortunately, that kind of advice is still taken. We have seen young men who think that leading a home means to bully the wife. And I've never seen that to be effective. I've said this before. I'm not going to go too long on this. I'll just say a couple of things. I've said this before when I've taught on marriage and family, when I've taught Christian marriage and the role of a husband. I've said this, and I don't mean it to sound. It may be an illustration that may be misunderstood. I hope it comes out clearly. But I have seen even somebody's dog, even a pet, you can go someplace and you can even tell when the pet is not treated kindly. You can do that. You can see that. You put your hand down to pet a dog and it moves and maybe gets. And you can tell someone's not treating this animal right. If you can see that with a dog, you can see that with children. You can see that with a wife. You can see that this person is not being treated well. The Bible teaches husbands to dwell with our wives according to knowledge. When he says dwell, that means make the house into a home. It's not your motel.  You make the home into a home. Dwell with your wives. Dwell. Live with them. Make it a home, not a motel. Dwell with your wives according to knowledge. Use your opportunities to study her, to understand her so that you may really know her. A lot of men don't really know their wives because they don't study. They can tell me the batting average of their favorite ball player or how many touchdowns his quarterback threw. But they can't tell me what her favorite color is. They can't tell me things about the wife. Why? Because they're not studying their wives. They're studying other things. So you dwell with your wife according to knowledge. You treat her with kindness. Why? Because she's weaker. Normally, physically, the woman normally will be weaker than the husband. It's not because you're stronger and batter. It's because there's a tenderness involved in caring for someone who is weaker than you. So you actually love them. You spend time getting to know them. And why is that? Because you are heirs together in the kingdom of God. Because loving one another is a benefit not just to each other, but to any children. And it can be a model to others.


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