Hi, I'm Josh Wood, a developer advocate for OpenShift at Red Hat. I'm joined by my colleague, Jason Dobies, and sometimes co-author. We're going to tell you about all the exciting updates that have happened over the course of 2020. They've seen new adoption, new features, new frameworks, and new initiatives for operators and the tools that we use to support and construct them. So we'll dig into a little bit about what operators are, make sure we're all on the same page, and then we'll take a look at things like our recent induction into incubation at the CNCF with the frameworks and tools that we use to build operators, and some of the new features that that's brought into the SDK and the OLM. Before we get too deeply into that, let's take a look at what operators are and why you care about them in the first place. I usually like to start talking about this at a really high level, because the pattern that operators enable, let us do advanced automations on the Kubernetes platform, and they're really distinct in terms of what we want to accomplish with them from the implementations and the techniques that we use to accomplish those things. So what I always say is we care about operators and operators are important because any application on any system or platform has to be installed, configured, managed, and upgraded over time. We see this with web browsers and automatic updates so that we get the latest security patches. We're very used to it with app stores and the applications that run on our mobile phones, and certainly our operating system package managers have delivered automatic updating facilities and maintain our applications configurations through new versions of that software. Those same things are desirable for the applications that we deploy at scale on Kubernetes or on OpenShift clusters. As a corollary to this idea that all software has to have its lifecycle managed from installation on, is something we thought a lot about at CoreOS and certainly have continued to work on since the acquisition of CoreOS by Red Hat in 2018, which is where the sort of legacy or lineage of operators comes into Red Hat and OpenShift. That corollary is patching is critical to security. Making sure that we're running the latest released version of the software that comprises our applications is our best armament. In the race, we find ourselves with security vulnerabilities. As patches come out, as those vulnerabilities are discovered and addressed in software, making sure that we actually apply those patches to our software and run the versions of that software that contains the patches for the latest known vulnerabilities is one of the best ways we can stay on top of our first layer security defenses in the applications that we develop and provide. With that idea, any of those functions from installation to patching for security, to applying upgrades for features, and to keeping software running, any of those processes that aren't automated are slowing you down. In fact, that's what brought a lot of us to Kubernetes in the first place. The idea of how easy Kubernetes makes it to automate the lifecycle management of simple stateless applications. If you imagine a web server, all it does is listen for request over HTTP and in return file system content in response to the file named in that request to some HTTP client. It doesn't record state about the session. It doesn't store data or read and write new data in a user's record or in some persistent underlying database. It's in fact completely stateless. Any other web server can replace it. If that piece of software falls over, it's very easy for ourselves or for Kubernetes to automatically start running a new copy. If we want to scale from one copy to three or five copies to handle an increased number of users coming to our website or our service, that's also really easy for Kubernetes to do. In fact, we can scale a fungible, simple stateless app like this up and down just by adding new copies, new replicas. We could say something like kubectl scale replicas equals three to go from one deployed a stateless web server to three or five or whatever number we specify. In certain ways, once we get away from these stateless apps that make it so easy to demonstrate and model how Kubernetes automates application life cycles, it's still pretty easy to move to the next stage, to the persistent or clustered apps that generally lie at the bottom of an application stack. Stateless design is great. Managing stateless applications on Kubernetes is easy and cool. But somewhere down the line, most real-world applications have to store persistent data, maintain a sense of state, and many of those applications, if you think about databases and file system clusters, even have their own notion of what it means to be a member of a cluster. To join a cluster, a database might need authentication assets or to know about who the right leaders and read followers are in a cluster of nodes comprising a database server cluster. Deploying a database on Kubernetes is not really any more difficult than deploying our stateless web server. If we can find a database we like in a container registry somewhere, we can create a deployment with it on our cluster. But running that database over time is considerably harder. All of the usual things we rely on DBAs to know the internal application state of our persistent data in the database and of the connections between nodes that make the database cluster. When they want to be resized to scale that cluster up and down, when a node failure happens and a node needs to be replaced, when we want to back up or reconfigure that database cluster while maintaining database service, this takes detailed knowledge of the internal state of the application, and we have to connect that new pod we bring up to replace a failed member in our cluster, needs to know about how to join the cluster. As I mentioned before, there's a question of, do I need authentication assets to become a cluster member? Do I need to know what my position in the cluster is, and I need to know API and networking in points so that I can begin communicating with the remaining cluster members. That's usually up to a human operator. We call them DBAs a lot of times. If we're talking about a cluster of file system servers, we might call them a systems administrator or even an ops team, but somewhere, rather than automating these processes for complex stateful apps, there's usually human knowledge required of that application's internal state. Wouldn't it be great if we could use Kubernetes and the techniques we use to manage stateless applications, if we could apply those tools and techniques to managing these more complicated, stateful, persistently storing applications? In other words, if only Kubernetes knew all about the internal state of my idealized production ready database server that we're using in this example, operators are a way of teaching Kubernetes about how to run a particular, stateful complex application by extending the Kubernetes API. In fact, operators represent a combination of two things, an application-specific custom controller that watches custom resources that contain the information about that application's internal state and represent it in a way that our custom controller code can take action to manipulate and reconcile it like other members of the Kubernetes control plane. So for instance, we might have a CRD that describes our so-called and notional production ready database. And if you look under the spec, you'll see a couple of fields here that are not usual standard Kubernetes API fields for a standard Kubernetes resource. Instead, you're looking at fields like cluster size and read replicas and even the version of the software that we wanna deploy that are particular to our production ready database for which we're constructing an operator and for which and whose internal state is represented by these custom resources. So you can think of operators as software site reliability engineers that manage the whole life cycle of complex, stateful applications on Kubernetes clusters. So while Kubernetes is excellent at scaling your stateless web server up and down, perhaps even automatically in response to increasing or decreasing demand at given times, Kubernetes operators teach a particular cluster about managing the whole life cycle of a particular application. And in fact, that coupling is so tight that we often refer to the software that an operator manages as that operator's operand. So you can think of this combination of a custom controller with a set of custom resources that it watches, reacts to watch events and takes actions to reconcile in the real world running on the cluster as the simplest definition of what a Kubernetes operator is. Now, pictorially, it looks a little bit like this illustration of our usual process inside of the Kubernetes control plane. We have this idea of a reconciliation loop that runs in response to changes that the controller's notified of by watch events. Instead of the solutions, we provide a custom controller, a bit of executive code that runs in the Kubernetes control plane that knows how to watch, react to and reconcile our specific custom resources. Now, because that's a pattern rather than a particular product or a specific technology, it makes sense for us to develop both the pattern and the tools and distribution frameworks we've built in an open way. And so the first bit of really cool news about operators that we can talk about happening in the latter half of 2020 is the donation by Red Hat of the operator framework to the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. Now, you may know the CNCF. It's a large array of projects under its rubric at this time that include Cryo, the container networking interface, Linkerd, Rook, and a lot of other software that's thought of as Cloud Native, and you might call it Kubernetes adjacent. Now, that means that the CNCF, which is actually part of the Linux Foundation, is open, neutral governance for these products or projects that often have a lot of different vendors interested in them and leveraging them to build platform pieces or to extend platforms the way we use operators, for example, inside of Red Hat's OpenShift Kubernetes distribution as our way of extending, adding features to, and building atop the Kubernetes core of OpenShift to provide the day to enterprise features that that product is all about. So the CNCF as a neutral foundation to oversee the governance of these kinds of projects is a really good place for community-oriented development like the kind we've tried to do on the two main components of the operator framework. That is the operator SDK for building operators and the operator lifecycle manager, which is sort of an operator for operators that manages discovery, distribution, and continuing updates to the operators that are running on a cluster while those operators in turn manage their operands, the applications that they manage and keep up to date over their entire lifecycle. So what it means for the operator framework is that under the CNCF umbrella, we've got a path to graduation that makes the framework, the operator framework that we've developed at Red Hat to build and deploy and distribute operators sort of the official extension mechanism for managing staple applications on Kubernetes. This underlines the design in Kubernetes itself where the API has these modular extension points that you can create in the form of custom resource definitions and then use and manage those custom resources. And those are the benefits we see from joining that community, which makes it clear that other developers in the community who are working on operators can be involved in the management and the future planning of features and fixes in both parts of the framework, the SDK and the OLM. And my good friend, Jason Dobies, also from Red Hat, is about to give us the details of that donated version of the operator framework, especially focusing on the SDK, but with some notes about the operator lifecycle manager as well. So without too much further ado, I'd like to turn it over to Jason. Take it away, Jay. Thank you, Josh, for that completely spontaneous and unscripted transition. So he introduced the SDK and OLM, the CNCF incubation and so forth. Let's talk a little bit more about the SDK itself. So some quick background. The SDK is exactly what you would expect out of an SDK. It generates project scaffolding. It generates a fair amount of code for you and really sets you up at the point of, hey, here's the basis for an operator. Now it's time to implement your business logic. And then it has some build utilities for, you've done those pieces, you've tied in, you've tested as necessary. Now we can actually build this operator and ship it and make it usable. So this is a very high level overview of what the SDK does. But again, if you know what an SDK is in general, you have a pretty good idea of what to expect from it. Now the operator SDK itself, and again, we're talking about this particular CNCF project, which is one avenue for writing operators for facilitating writing operators more easily, supports three different ways of assembling your operators. Going from right to left, actually, the full programmatic way supported in the operator SDK is using the Go programming language. Not a surprise there. Everything in Kubernetes is written in Go. So the SDK will generate you a scaffold project with all of the necessary hooks inside of Kubernetes to register it as a controller and do all of the kind of tedious boilerplate bits and pieces that you need to do to establish your code as an operator. And largely leaves you at a point where it just says to do, implement your stuff here. And at that point, you have full access to everything that the Go programming language offers. Now, the SDK also has the ability to generate scaffolding code that will run an Ansible Playbook or a Helm chart for you. So if you've already invested in those infrastructures in your Ansible shop or you're very heavily invested in Helm, you don't necessarily have Go developers. You can absolutely still use the SDK. And the benefits there, there's a lot more than I wanna cover in this talk, but everything in terms of the delivery through Lifecycle Operator's Lifecycle Manager to the interface using custom resource definitions. There are a number of advantages for taking your existing infrastructure and then using the SDK to bundle it into the operator framework. So with that quick SDK introduction, we're really happy to announce that the 1.0 release came out a few months ago now, but still relatively new, especially in the grand scheme of about two years of really refining what CoreOS started with the operator pattern and figuring out the best way to create these tools and make it as simple as possible for developers to get started and to quickly iterate on their operator functionality. Now, the rest of these slides are gonna cover some of the new stuff in 1.0, but I wanna take a quick interlude and go back in history for a second. Now I've been working with comments for a little over four years now, and I've watched it grow from these fairly small, very intimate events to these very large, back in the days we used to get together in person, events that I would help organize and run as well. And it dawned on me recently that there's gotta be a lot of people listening to this that came in on OpenShift 3 and OpenShift is Enterprise Kubernetes and understood that messaging. Which is fine, absolutely stick with that messaging, but before that time, OpenShift 2, and I'm sure Diane is screaming right now because she would know better than me if comments was still around in OpenShift 2, but I imagine we have a fair amount of new users in the past couple of years. OpenShift 2 was our own attempt at a similar type of concept.  This seems an awful lot like containers and awful lot like Kubernetes. So in OpenShift 3, we pivoted to using upstream Kubernetes. And that meant investing a lot in upstream focus when we would contribute back to Kubernetes and that meant rebasing our software on a lot more standards in the industry or at least the fact of standards. Now I mentioned that because those of you who may have used the SDK in his pre-1.x version, it's gonna look a little bit different now. Again, we started out with this custom idea. We knew we had something we wanted to solve. Let's play with some code, let's see what sticks and get these ideas out there. And as things started to mature for 1.0 or I should say the road to 1.0, we looked around the industry and once again realized that we don't need to be competing with a lot of these upstream projects when we could easily be contributing to and really leveraging for the benefit of both the upstream product as well as ours. So a lot of 1.x has been revamped to use CubeBuilder in particular, but we also have some integration with Customize and Cuddle and probably a few other projects that begin with K that I haven't actually listed here. I know I don't have time to make this reference but I come from a Java background and everything began with J and 20 years into my career, now I'm seeing everything begin with K and it's just a really bizarre parallel. Point being 1.x is going to look a little bit different because we've done this rebase on top of CubeBuilder. And again, that's for a number of reasons that we don't want to put up the perception of competing with these other projects. We really are attempting to work alongside them. So let's just contribute to CubeBuilder, let's make it as good as it can be and then add in the extra features that we need out of the SDK. One of those contributions came in the form of a CLI framework where you can do plugins to the CubeBuilder. And we worked with the upstream and we got that functionality landed. And as such, the SDK 1.x has been rebased to now use plugins into CubeBuilder. So if you have an existing CubeBuilder project or if you're just getting started and you're worried about, oh, am I buying into a particular type of project structure or am I locking myself out of something in the future? You're not, this is compatible with everything CubeBuilder is going to do. So the project structure is going to look a little bit different than in the 0.x days but it's more consistent with what other projects in the industry you're doing. You'll see at that bottom that list of commands, a lot of them use make now, which is, again, I've been in this industry long enough to kind of laugh at, oh my God, make is back. So you'll see some of the workflows may have changed but all the functionality is still there. We really just kind of gutted a lot of the pieces that we were duplicating or we could better contribute to upstream. So the project scaffolding, a lot of that came from CubeBuilder, a lot of these generation pieces that you're seeing in terms of the CRDs and the other files we use for OLM are based on top of Customize. So the other thing that we've added into the SDK is the generation for a lot of the pieces necessary for OLM. Now, remember from what Josh said, operator or life cycle manager or OLM is effectively what YUM is to RPMs, OLM is to operators. Now, if you've worked with this in the past, you'll realize that there's a couple of files that you have to hand jam on your own and the CSV you see it mentioned in the middle here, the cluster service version represents your operator but it is pretty verbose and it did take quite a bit of manual effort to get created. Now, all of that is gonna be handled by the operator SDK for you. So being able to run a few commands, point it at your operator and say, hey, I want you to generate me the pieces I'm gonna need for OLM. And this is not just that because as the SDK evolves, so did OLM and their new packaging format is this notion of an operator bundle. This bundle is itself shipped as a container image and in the future that's gonna use the artifacts back but for now it's simply a container image and that contains the metadata pieces around your operator and that's what OLM uses. You can then organize those metadata bundles or those operator bundles of metadata into catalogs and make those available to your cluster. So now you have a lot better organization and versioning in terms of subscriptions coming into new versions of operators being released available to your cluster. We're bringing this back to the SDK. This stuff is now built into the SDK. There's also this new side tool called OPM that's used for manipulating these bundle images and these catalogs. So that way you can much more easily work with, I have this set of operators and I wanna organize my alpha channel, my beta channel and my stable channel for instance. Testing is a good thing. The SDK is obviously going to help with that. So we've integrated with this project called Cuddle. I might have it written down what it stands for but whatever the case, the Kubernetes testing tool, I think it is, there's a lot of weird capitals in there. Point being this tool is again, an upstream project that we've pulled into the SDK and it works very much on this. Here's what my cluster should look like after the operator runs, here's what I expect it to look like. So if that means we have a bunch of pods created or some services and all these extra pieces, this Cuddle project, we reuse all of their formats to say, hey, verify these states for me. So it's also something called scorecard and you can see the link at the bottom there. And that's a much more customized testing for your particular operator and its logic. Now, one of the cooler things is that this data is now packaged inside of this operator bundle. And remember, this is a separate image that is metadata describing your operator. So if I wanna run some kind of acceptance testing that shows yes, my operator is running, I no longer need to go to GitHub and grab the source and understand this is how I run them. This is managed by the operator bundle itself. So it's effectively packaged alongside with the operator itself. So I also wanna talk about some alternative technologies for lack of a better slide here. Again, the SDK is a way of doing things. It is a prescriptive way for Helm and Ansible and Go, but the world is much larger than that. And operators themselves are a concept. It's really a paradigm. It's how you use particular constructs inside of Kubernetes to accomplish something. And just saying that out loud, you can realize that doesn't mean we're necessarily tied to a language. So in the spirit of operators everywhere, I wanted to showcase a few of the other types of projects and frameworks out there. Now myself, I'm a Python guy. You can see the link at the bottom here, the speaker who Sergei, PolicySys last name eludes me right now, spoke at a definition event a couple of months ago about the KOPF framework. And it's the Kubernetes operators Python framework. We'll include a little snippet there. I'm obviously not expecting anyone to copy it down, but if you do know Python, you'll see this. And this feels very Pythonic, very annotation based, very decorator based. And then it's going to facilitate all of the pieces you need to in terms of connecting to Kubernetes as a controller or running your custom resource definitions and generating those. So I'll leave this up for another half a second when people take screenshots or pictures, but definitely watch this talk. It was a really cool introduction to it. And like I said, I'm more on the Python side of things. So I'm really happy to see this gaining some traction. Java is and will remain for the foreseeable future a very popular language. So no surprise, we do have a Java operator, SDK up in the community. It uses your, again, your typical Java constructs here. So your basic Java Pojas that you're already working with. And then we have ways of generating your controllers. Now you'll notice here, the interface looks a little different. And this is way too technical to go down in this talk, but this takes, this framework takes a vastly different approach than the operator or CK does. That's not saying it's necessarily better or worse, but if you've done anywhere with operators so far, you may notice this delete resource and creator update that feels a little different, which is very cool. It shows the power of this as a paradigm and it lets the language solve it as best applicable for its language. And then as usual, you pick the right tool for the right job. There's a C sharp operator framework out there. I don't know much about C sharp at all. So to prevent sounding really stupid, I'm gonna say I'm sure it's really awesome. And I'm gonna smile and move on. Don't take that as a joke. Seriously, take a look at that framework, but I know nothing about C sharp to say anything intelligent. I've even seen a bash-based operator, a coworker reached out to me and said, hey, I was messing around with something and I decided to see if I could make an operator function in bash. Because again, it is purely paradigm. It is a way of doing things on top of Kubernetes. I looked at the code and I thought better than dumping a giant shell script on the slide. So we will just leave that as redacted, but you can see the VEPA was up there and all joking aside about being bash, it's actually really cool that he was able to pull off this type of operator pattern with using just a bash script. So certainly not any kind of framework that's extensible, but it's a really neat way of showcasing that, yeah, this really is a pluggable framework and this really shows the kind of power and extensibility of Kubernetes. Back to you, Josh. Hey, Jason, that's funny, the bash thing, just because, one, it reflects probably some of the very earliest mock-ups and models of the operator idea years and years ago. And two, because early on in containers, we used to joke a lot about re-implementing Docker with just bash scripts. That's what that made me think of while you were telling us about the bash framework for Kubernetes operators. So- How was that kind of guy that had the t-shirt go away or replaced you with a very small bash script? Like, this is totally not my idea if I'm trying to write it. Right on. So, and now that we've kind of talked about a lot of different ways where if you're building operators for your applications, these are the toolkits that are available in the community and also evidence of the adoption and the way the community is working together with this pattern. And as you can see in like these variety of different frameworks that address building operators in different languages rather than go and even in bash like you were talking about. So the end result of all of this and the reason you really want operators is either for your applications to be a lot easier for your end users to consume and manage or for the foundation software that the apps you build every day rely on, your databases, your file system stores. And so one of the things we try to point to and where a lot of progress and a lot of news has happened over the course of 2020 is in the using operators today through both Red Hat Marketplaces and especially the thing we'll focus on here, the operator hubs. Now at operatorhub.io you'll find a list of operators ready to run on your Kubernetes clusters or your OpenShift clusters that have OLM management and OLM itself being open source is an out of the box component that we ship with every single OpenShift Kubernetes distribution. But it's also easily available with instructions available at operatorhub.io for adding the OLM to your vanilla or other service providers or other distributions that are running your Kubernetes clusters. So the things we're talking about are not OpenShift specific but they bring this sort of graphical discovery user experience to operators that we think is one of the big reasons why people are adopting them, building them for the apps that they distribute or adopting them to make it easier to build those apps because it makes it easier for their developers to run a corporate approved stack of databases and middleware or one way or another the underlying foundation apps that are key can be consumed along with a built in automatic lifecycle manager in the form of that operator that runs that application. So if you look at operatorhub.io or operatorhub within an OpenShift cluster you'll find a way that for administrators to make it easy for users on those clusters to self-service to get these operators, install them on the clusters and make instances of the applications they manage whether that is a cluster of database servers, file servers, a cluster of SEDs providing raft quorum for your distributed computing project that runs atop SED. Those are the kinds of things you'll find in the operator hubs and the community representation of those ready to use today operators can be found easily at operatorhub.io. So let me jump in while you took that quick break. In terms of integrating vanilla Kubernetes like it is straight up built into MiniCube. If you look at the MiniCube's add-ons there is one for OLM and just installing that it's gonna wire up a source directly to operatorhub.io. So it is as simple as the MiniCube add-ons and then you just start creating subscriptions to get those operators deployed. So just to reiterate this message that this is not an OpenShift specific concept. These are all base Kubernetes things that we're leveraging. They're leveraging the very heavily inside of OpenShift but you do not have to buy into the OpenShift infrastructure to start developing on them or start using this functionality. But since this is OpenShift Commons we mainly want you to do exactly that. Nevertheless, I do mean that you're gonna pick some of those great points Jay, actually. And one of the big driving things even from the earliest days at CoroS that I could speak to about the operator idea or pattern and especially as we started hitting on the idea of an OLM, a distribution and manager for operators, a distributor and manager for operators. That goal of making sure that it's not only open source but actually openly runnable on different instances of what amounts to platforms built around the Kubernetes core has always been a key design goal for those two projects. So it is an important thing to bring back up. So with much appreciation for the half hour or so of your time that we've already taken up and with hopes that all of that information has been useful and it'll encourage you to run out and get involved in operators whether you start using them today or building them for your apps. We do have some resources that you'll find in these slides after our session. I've pointed in particular to operatorhub.io as a distribution point for operators. If you're looking for how to build operators and more about the concepts and the documentation behind the operator framework, the SDK and the OLM, you wanna look to operatorframework.io, that first link on the slide. And obviously we can never resist one shameless plug for our book with O'Reilly. Ooh, Jay's even got a copy to hold up. If you ever get the chance- I proactively remember to keep it near me actually. Yeah, right. Oh, and with a pen ready to sign it just in case somebody walks in and asks for it. Of course. If you ever get to see us in person again, we'll be so happy to sign a copy of this book for you folks. But in the meantime, if you follow that bottom link, that bit.ly link there, that is a pointer to an electronic edition of our Kubernetes operators book available for free with compliments of Red Hat and OpenShift. There's also a few places we would point you to get in touch with the community since you're at a community event like Commons in the first place, this is probably going to be important and part of what you wanna know about how to find operator framework mailing lists, how to find the GitHub repos that contain the operator framework and OLM source code and how to join the Commons special interest group that addresses this idea of API extension and custom controllers, the operator SIG within OpenShift Commons. So with those few pointers and hoping that you'll come out, find us, ask questions and get involved in building and using operators, we've been Josh Wood and. Jason Dobies. And we thank you very much.


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Hey guys it's Kim for Psych2Go and today we are going to be talking about 10 common dreams and their meanings. Car troubles. In these types of dreams you are usually in or near a car or some other type of vehicle which is out of control or has other problems. For example, the brakes may have failed or you may have lost control of the steering or you may be heading over a cliff or crashing that vehicle. You can either be the driver or the passenger. This is a very common type of nightmare and occurs in all people not just those who can drive. This dream usually means that you are feeling powerless over something in your life or that you are heading for a crash. Metaphorically speaking of course. Number two, faulty machinery. In the faulty machinery dream you are trying to operate mechanical equipment which either fails to work or fails to work in the way that you expect it to. The vast majority of these dreams involve a telephone, either trouble dialing, losing connection or dialing a wrong number. It can involve a loss of internet connection or something manual like a jammed or broken machine. This dream often means that you feel like you are losing touch with reality or that a part of your body or mind is not functioning as it should. It can also occur when you are feeling anxious about making a connection with another person in real life. Number three, lost or trapped. Dreaming about being lost is very common and will usually occur when you are having a conflict and deciding how to react in a situation in real life. In the dream you are trying to find your way out of an area such as a forest, city, streets, a large building or another maze-like structure. This is often accompanied by the feeling of terror. This dream usually means that you are trapped in real life unable to make the right choice. For missed a boat or plane. In the dream you are rushing to catch a bus, train, plane or other type of public transport but you miss it. Usually by only a fraction of a second. Rather than feeling fear in this dream you usually feel frustration. This dream can also occur in a different form in which you arrive late for an important performance or sporting event that you are supposed to participate in, only to find that the event has already begun. This dream usually means that you feel like you have missed out on an important opportunity in your real life. It will often occur when you are struggling over an important decision. Five, failing a test. This dream usually manifests itself in people who have been out of school for a long time. In the dream you are prevented from passing a test in a variety of different possible scenarios. In one scenario you find that you are unable to make it to the test on time, often through being unable to find the test room. In other versions you are unprepared either through lack of studying or you are missing equipment. This dream usually means that you are feeling tested in some way in your real life. Six, ill or dying. In this dream you or a loved one are ill, injured or dying. It is moderately common dream and not surprisingly occurs often at the onset of an illness. Aside from becoming ill this dream can mean that you are emotionally hurt or afraid of being coming hurt. The dream may also be warning you of upcoming physical risks to yourself or a loved one. When it is someone else in the dream that dies it can mean that you feel like a part of yourself that you see represented in that person is dead. It may also mean that you wish the person would go away or that you fear losing them. Seven, being chased. Dreaming of being chased can be a truly horrifying experience. Most often the chaser is a monster or some person that is frightening to you and occasionally it may even be an animal. You may be surprised to know that this is the most commonly experienced nightmare theme. The meaning of these dreams is that someone or something, possibly something like an obscure as an emotion is making you feel threatened. One way to determine the root of the threat is to ask yourself who or what in your real life most closely resembles the creature or circumstance in your dream. Bad or missing teeth. Teeth dreams are fairly common and usually involve the discovery of extremely decayed or missing teeth in your own mouth.  It's not surprising that we feel so emotionally disturbed by these dreams. So what does it mean when we dream about missing teeth? At the most basic level it means that we are afraid of being found unattractive. At a deeper level it can signify a fear of embarrassment or a loss of power in your real life. Nine, dream nudity. In this type of dream you are in a state of undress, partial undress or inappropriate dress, for example wearing pajamas to work.  This is often accompanied by feelings of embarrassment and shame, but occasionally with the feeling of pride or freedom. The meaning of this dream is that you are feeling exposed, awkward or vulnerable or you are afraid to have revealed too much about yourself, such as a secret or a very personal feeling in real life. And ten is falling or sinking. We have all had falling dreams. It is such a common dream to have.  That does not happen, it's not true. I've hit the ground in a ton of my dreams and I am clearly not dead. Occasionally we may be sinking in water, not just falling and typically a person having this dream is feeling insecure or lacking support in their waking life. These dreams often occur when you are overwhelmed in real life and feel ready to give up. If you have this dream you should evaluate your current situation and try to locate the problem that is overwhelming you. Deal with it and then the dream should go away. Thank you so much for watching guys, that's it for this video. I hope you guys enjoyed it, thought it was cool, learned some cool new facts about the types of dreams that you're having. If you have any other questions about dream meanings leave them down below in the comments and I will see you guys later. Make sure to give this video a big thumbs up, comment and subscribe to this channel as well. Also don't forget to go over to my channel, go subscribe, bye guys.


Good morning and welcome to class. Sorry, I'm having a little problem with my camera. It worked perfectly fine in the first two hours. It took us for the first years who's working but it's not coming on so Okay, we just hope that will come on. We'll begin but against one of you, please lead us in prayer please. Anyone who need us in prayer say will you be able to lead us in prayer? Yes, Pastor In the name of Jesus, we thank you Lord for another class. We thank you for your mercy Thank you for all you have been teaching us Lord Through your daughter Thank you for Preparing us Lord for what is ahead of us And thank you Lord for making your word Lord available for us Lord to learn from the doctrine of what it means to be a believer in Christ Jesus and All that is expected of us Lord to live by Lord becoming this class onto you. We pray by the spirit of God give each and every one of us On the standing of what will be taught today And Lord for your daughter, we pray Lord that in the name of Jesus That Lord you will give out the wisdom Lord to impact upon us Lord the knowledge required for us Lord to Understand your word and Lord to be Teachers of your word to others who Lord you will bring in encounter with us Lord to teach your word Thank you Lord for a wonderful class. We bless your holy name We will not remain the same way we came into this class All to your praise Lord Jesus name amen Thank you Okay, I'm not sure why my camera is not coming up, but You are not able to see me. It's coming here in this logitech Okay, praise God By all of these different things just Really problem mines Okay, we were looking at chapter 10 in In the previous class on on Wednesday and today we'll be looking at Chapter 11 so in Chapter 10 we saw, you know, basically how You know we saw that Just a minute Yeah, the importance of the word We need to keep the word in our heart in our mouth and also we see the importance of preaching the word and You know and Paul says that those who believe, you know We'll receive righteousness by faith and not by keeping the law and he says that you know the The Jews are trying to see if their own righteousness They're trying to work out their own righteousness by keeping the law and it's not going to work But he says those who receive righteousness are those who receive righteousness by faith and he talks about, you know His own seal and his passion for his own people to know God to be safe and He's, you know, answering this question, you know, has God forgotten About the Jews, you know, they were given all the promises. They were given the covenants They had the law they from them where the priests that who came up so has God forgotten all of this and Paul says no, he's not forgotten but No, very fact that, you know The gospel is being preached to the Gentiles and salvation is being made available to the Gentiles Paul says is Because, you know, he wants to stir up The Jews, you know, he's provoking them. He's actually waking them up from their sleep from their slumber You know and telling them You know, it's because they are trying to work out their own righteousness by keeping the law and not by faith That, you know, they will be justified that they will be in right standing with God and so he talks about how, you know Person can be made righteous by faith and not by keeping the law and then he goes on to talk about the word by quoting Deutronomy and there it talks Moses is talking about the law but You know Paul here is talking about the word.  You know, he just gives us the dynamics of what we need to do He says we need to believe in our heart and we need to Confess and it's not something that we believe in our heart and confess. It's not a one-time thing But he says the other dynamic of this whole thing of keeping God's word in nearer near us. It's in our heart. It's not mouth It's something that should become a lifestyle for it for us. It's something that we live by. It's something that becomes a way of Life for us and he says it's not only that we keep it With us. It's not something that we believe and that we keep confessing it Because when we believe and we keep confessing it We receive more of the blessings of what Jesus has done on the cross for us He says it's important for us to also share this with others Okay, and he says, you know, whoever will share These words of the gospel Will believe and whoever Believes there's no distinction between the Jew and the Greek and whoever calls on the name of the Lord Shall be saved. So he's basically talking of motivating us To share this message of Christ to share this word of faith Which is what Christ has done what he has accomplished for us on the Cross, okay, and then he says how can anyone hear if they You know if nobody tells them and how can they believe if No one preaches to them and how can somebody preach if nobody Is sent so the importance here he's talking about Verses 14 and 15 in chapter 10 was our classic text to encourage people for missions and It says it's important that people hear the gospel. They can only hear when they They can only believe when they hear and they can only hear when somebody goes and Preaches to them. So he says, you know, hasn't The Jews heard about the gospel message. He says no, they have heard Did Israel not know about this gospel message? He says no, they have Hurt but because they have hardened their hearts, you know, God has let them to go in their own way To make their own choices to lift the consequences of their own choices But because they rejected the truth, you know, the truth has the gospel has not been taken to the Gentiles and even the gospel being taken to the Gentiles is for a reason that God would provoke the Jews to jealousy so that Through the Gentiles coming to know Christ Through them receiving salvation it will somehow awaken the Jews to know about Jesus Christ, okay, so that is what he Shades and or he writes to the church at home in chapter Now we move on to chapter 11 where he's continuing talking on these same lines. He's talking about God's plan for Israel so in chapter 11 all is revealing to us God's plan for Israel. He's showing us of God's plan of Sharing the gospel to the Gentiles To awaken the Jews so he says in in verse one I say then has God asked to weigh his People okay, so he again he begins this part of his letter or this chapter By asking a rhetorical questions has he's been doing In the previous chapters and then he answers it himself. He says certainly not God has not cast away his people. So why is he saying has God cast away his people because They feel that God has forgotten them because now the chosen People you know the chosen generation is the church to them. He God has given the keys of the kingdom Okay, so as he's forgotten about the Jews because now the Gentiles have also been incorporated into the church into God's plan Into God's blessing. So he says certainly not And he gives a proof Okay, of what he's saying he's saying that look at me, you know, I myself am a Jew I'm a seed of Abraham. I'm from the tribe of benjamin, but you know Uh, I was somebody who was even persecuting Uh, the Christians for believing in Christ or sharing the gospel message, but look at me, you know The gospel message came to me Jesus encountered me and here I am An example, okay, so uh, he says that you know, God has not cast them away Even though the Jews have protected the gospel and salvation is now taken to the Gentiles Um, and God's chosen people are now the church, but Paul says certainly not God has not rejected the Jews He says look at me. I'm an example. I'm a Jew. You know myself the tribe of Benjamin I I'm an example that God has not cast away his People and he gives another proof from the Old Testament from first Kings chapter 19 Here he's talking about The prophet Elijah now the prophet Elijah, you know, he has just finished this Great event on the on the mountain where You know, they you know, he tells So worshipers of Baal you prepare your altar You sacrifice to God and you ask your God to send fire So the prophets of Baal they prepare the altar They ask their God to set down fire then they cut themselves they scream they shout the whole day Elijah gives them Time but there's no fire from there.  He builds a trench.  I will make sure it's done to you So what does Elijah do? He's so afraid.  Hey Elijah. What are you doing here in this cave?   So, uh What is Paul basically trying to say here is basically trying to say that God has a remnant He's not given up on his people. He's not forgotten about his people See, there are a few Jews who have accepted him who have made the choice To believe in Christ to receive the gospel message. They have received righteousness by faith And so, you know, Paul is saying I'm an example. He's giving an example of Elijah How God preserved seven thousand men who have not bowed their knees to Baal and God is saying, uh, you know Paul is saying sorry that, you know, there is a remnant that God has Kept among the Jews who have accepted him by faith. So God has not cast away his people totally, okay So in the same way Today, even though there seems to be a widespread rejection of the gospel among the Jews yet You know, God has a few people a few Jewish people a remnant of them who have said yes to this gospel And so Paul is saying I am one of them who said and Yes, okay, and that is what he says in Verses two to verse six. So can somebody read that please versus two to six The verse two says God has not cast away his people who he foreknew Or do you not know that the scripture says of Elijah? How He pleads with God against Israel saying Lord, we have killed your prophets and tune down your orders And I alone am left and they seek my life But what does the divine response say to him? I have reserved for myself seven thousand men who have not bowed their knees to Baal There's five in verse six even so then at this present time There is a remnant according to the election of grace and if I grace then it's no longer of works Otherwise grace is no longer grace But if it is so works, it is no longer grace Otherwise work is no longer Work, okay So paul here is writing in verse five is saying even so then at this present time There is a remnant according to the election of grace So he's saying there are people who are elected by grace now this word again elect election chosen select You know or chosen beforehand comes up the word election or selection must here also be Interpreted or understood in the light of how we interpreted the rest of Romans when we look at chapter nine When we look at God selection or election We said that it's not a partial selection of people It's not eliminating or discriminating few and choosing a few others But here it means all those who said yes to the salvation message All those who said yes to Jesus Christ all those who said yes to what Jesus has done on the cross They are the ones who receive the call. They receive the call by grace. They are the ones who are Selected. Okay, as I already mentioned You know that those who believe and confess with their mouths will receive salvation They will become the elect the select or the chosen ones in Christ. We already looked at this in In chapter 10.  No, it's the choices that you know it predestines whether they are In God's kingdom or not whether they are going to be sons and daughters of God or not It's our own choices That you know brings about our own consequences. So Paul says that those who embrace Christ They receive salvation by grace and it's not by Works we've already looked at this in the previous chapters They're chosen by grace and not by work So Paul is saying that those who said yes to the salvation message to the gospel of Jesus Christ They receive a righteousness by faith. It is through grace by faith, okay That they receive their salvation Okay, so it's not by their own works But it's because of their faith in Jesus Christ what he has done on the cross that they have received this grace So in verses one To verse six Paul is saying that God has not given up on Israel on a large scale They have projected the gospel But yet God has not given up on them There are a few who have made the right choice who have said yes to the gospel and you know, they have received it by Grace, okay, and Paul says I am one of them and there are others as well There's a few remnants who have received this righteousness by grace To faith, okay, and so they have come to become children of God to become sons and daughters of God, okay, any questions about verses one to six any questions Okay, if not, we will move to verses seven to ten when somebody read verses seven to ten, please So this is the situation most of the people of Israel have not found the favor of God They're looking for so earnestly If you have the ones God has chosen but the hearts of the rest Were hardened as the scriptures say God has put them into a deep sleep To this day he has shut their eyes so that they cannot see and close their ears and they're not here That's what David said that there will be Let the ground of the table become a serenity But a shirt that makes them think all is full That there is no possibility to settle and let them be able to deserve That their eyes will not see and they're bound to be bent for Thank you, kong So Paul is saying that Israel as a nation they have not got what they are seeking Why because they are seeking or trying to receive righteousness by Keeping the law and you know, they cannot receive righteousness by keeping the law It does not work that way But the next the chosen people those who said yes To the gospel they received this righteousness by Faith it's by grace through grace that they receive this righteousness. It's not true Works. So what about the rest of the Jews? He says the rest of the Jews who Do not believe in the gospel of Jesus Christ. He says the rest of them are Blinded. Okay. They're blinded to the truth. They're blinded to the gospel of Jesus Christ. They're blinded to What Jesus has done for them on the cross and he quotes two passages from the Old Testament In verse eight in verse eight Paul is basically quoting from Isaiah chapter 29 versus 10 to 13 10 and 13 and you told me chapter 29 versus three to four.  Why have been why have they been chosen selected elected? It's because they have said yes to the gospel. They have received their righteousness by faith um In Jesus Christ their faith in Jesus Christ and what he's done on the cross And then he says what's happened to the rest of the Jews. So he says the rest of the Jews. They are blinded Okay, it's not that God has blinded them from understanding or receiving the Gospel, but it's that you know, there is is that own spiritual pride or it's their own, uh, you know Choice that they are making That they don't want to see the truth. They don't want to believe the truth So where does this blindness come from or what is causing this blindness? There are two sources One source is our own choosing or us departing from the truth We choose not to see the light So he's saying that you know, the the israelite some of the Jews Is they chose to depart from the truth they chose not to see the light And uh, there could be various reasons why uh, they could have done this or why people even today Reject the gospel why their eyes are blinded is because they chose to depart from the truth And uh, he's uh, you know, just like john road. He says men love darkness rather than the Light so some people love darkness.   You want to go that way? Then you can go that way He just gives us up. So this is one source of blindness The other source of blindness can be even satan that blinds the minds of those who believe He basically puts a will he basically covers Us he causes a blindness on people So when Paul is saying that God has given them a spirit or stupor in was It was eight of chapter 11 You know, we can ask this question with God Himself You know put that blindness no You know, God cannot blind the eyes of people from seeing the truth If we say that God is causing that blindness or God is causing them to be blind from seeing the truth Then it would be we are self contradicting ourselves So because you know, or God can even be self contradictory. God would be contradicting his own self You know, how could he on one hand say I want you To accept and receive my son. I want you to accept and believe in the message of Christ and then would he again work against himself by preventing people from receiving the message No, God cannot contradict himself. He cannot go against what he is doing No, could God do that would he work against himself? You know, definitely not So here it says that you know, God has given them a spirit or stupor Eyes that they should not see and ears that they should not hear To this very day. So how do we understand this because here it says God has given them a spirit of Stupor eyes that they should not see and ears. They should not hear to this very day So are we saying that God is causing them to Be blind is God causing them not to hear the truth. No, we can't say that Okay, uh, then how do we interpret this? Okay, if you see that God is causing them the blindness God is causing them not to hear Then we can even say that you know, God caused Pharaoh to harden his heart Okay, which is not the truth. We already saw about this in Romans chapter nine, right? We saw in Romans chapter nine that Pharaoh's heart was Hardened but we said that we also read in scripture that God Hardened Pharaoh's heart, but we said how do we interpret it? It's not that God causes heart to be hardened so that he can display his glory But we said how did we interpret that we said that you know Pharaoh's heart was hardened and God gave him up to his own Choice God gave him up to go in his own way. He says, okay, you want to harden your heart This is what you want to do. You know God allowed him to harden his heart. It's not that God Hardened his heart.  That is not how we interpret it We interpret it in the rest of the other scripture how we interpret it what we Read about Pharaoh also for example if we take Judas, you know, did God make Judas betray him? Because he wanted somebody to betray him so that he can You know, it can lead him to be To be arrested so that he can be crucified did God cause Judas to Make that choice.   I'm also a greater savior because because of me It made it possible for you to go on the cross. No, we don't interpret it That ways we see that Judas made his own choice and God allowed Judas to Go his own way make his own choice and we see the end result You know that Judas it was Judas his own choice How do we know it because Judas was so burdened so guilty what he did and we know that he went and Hung him Self up if it was God's will, you know, he wouldn't have the restlessness. He would not like that peace He would not go and hang himself so we don't You know, we don't interpret what Judas did saying that God caused him to do it or we don't say fair or God hardened fair this heart So likewise here, you know, like we interpret the rest of scripture here also We see that, you know God did not blind the eyes of the Israelites Stopping them from seeing the truth. So that's the salvation The gospel can be taken to the Gentiles so that the Gentiles can receive salvation or what did not cause their years You know to be blocks that they don't hear the truth. It's their own Choices so just like we interpreted, you know What we read in Romans chapter nine about Pharaoh the same way we understand Romans chapter 11 was eight we interpreted in the same sense and also To give another example if you would want, you know, we read in Romans chapter one was 24 We say that we see that God gave them up to their Uncleanliness God gave them up enough proof that there is a God. He says even creation You know creation reveals the invisible attributes of God creation reveals the glory of God It reveals the eternal power of God the deity of God the Godhead Okay, you have enough proof But he says in spite of me giving these proofs if you still want to go and worship idols He says God says I give that I gave them up to their Uncleanliness in verse 26 He says God says our form is chapter one God gave them up to their vile Passion as a result of them worshipping idols, you know, it led to uncleanliness wild passions And also in verse 28 of chapter one God says I gave them over to a debased mind to fall in my Why it's not because God wanted them To have a debased mind No, not that he wanted them to indulge in my passions. Not that he wanted them to Live in uncleanliness. Why did he give them up? Because it was their own choice It was their own bill. It was their own decision So it was what they wanted to choose. He gave them up to their own choice Didn't God foreknew that Judas would betray Jesus? Yes He also says that one among you will betray me, right? He had Through the the the gift of the spirit. He already knew who's going to betray him Did God know that Judas is going to betray him?  Yes Did God know that Pharaoh's want to harden his heart? Yes. Did God know that That Charles is going to Choose him as his personal savior. Yes. Did God knows that others are not going to choose him? Yes Okay, but you know, irrespective of The choices that we made that's what we've been talking about this in chapter 9 and chapter 10 God still goes about doing his plan his his sovereign will irrespective of man's choices Yes, man can choose to do God's will but even if man Goes against God's will God can still go ahead and fulfill his planet purpose And that is what we've been seeing in history. Yes, pharaoh hardened his heart But did God set his people free just like he promised Abraham That there would be slaves in an in an unknown country for 400 years and then God said he will Send you know deliver them and take them to promised land. Yes. Got promise. He kept his promise Even though pharaoh's heart was hardened Uh, he kept his promise. So God in spite of the choices that you and I make God can still bring about his plans and purpose He can still fulfill his divine plans and purpose. So did God know Judas was going to do it. Yes Did he allow him to do it? Yes, because you know God, um, You know respects the choices that he uh that we make he created us in this image He gave us free will to choose he respects our choices. Does he help us to make the right choices? Yes, he does. But when we don't he gives us up just like We saw he gave up pharaoh He gave up Judas to make his own choice. We read also in Romans chapter one, which is 24 26 and 28 so when we say that We read here in verse Was eight of chapter 11 God is giving them a spirit of stupor. So did God give them a spirit of stupor? No You know God they chose darkness they chose to reject Christ and God gave them to To let them go on their own way. He chose them to go on their own the way So what Paul is saying here is you know, Israel is not able to obtain or the Jews are not able to obtain their own Righteousness the way they want But there are some who obtained it by grace and the rest are in blindness and in darkness And they are there because God has let them To make their own choices to live by their own consequences of their own choices and their own decisions Okay, is that clear? Is it clear? Yes, anyone has any questions any doubts. Did I help answer your question chance? Okay, if there are no questions. Yes, it did. Thank you pastor. Thank you Charles Thank you Charles Okay, we'll move on. Can somebody else please read verses 11 to verse 15, please Somebody who's not read can ask which it to read was 11 to 15 Or anyone else can read 11 to 15, please But through their fall to provoke they provoke them to jealousy salvation has come to the Gentiles Now if their fall is riches for the world and their failure reaches for the Gentiles, how much more they face fullness? For I speak to your Gentiles in as much as I am the apostle to the Gentiles and magnify my ministry If by any means I may provoke to jealousy those who are my flesh and save some of them For if they're being cast away Is the reconciling of the world? What will their acceptance be but the life from the dead? Thank you Abinas So here Paul is writing saying that I see them I see them have this number Abinas you have to Okay, thank you I say then have this tumble that they should fall Certainly not. So he's asking another question Okay, and this question is similar to what he asked in verse one has God cast away His people and he says no God has not cast them away Because there are some people among The Jews who have believed would accept the gospel they receive their righteousness by faith So yeah, the next question he says so have been fallen because of their state of blindness Or are they in a place where they cannot be brought back? So have they fallen on it or are they in a place where they cannot be brought back?  So he says through their fall So he says it's very clear that it is therefore and their trespass It's not that God has put them in blindness and that The blindness has put them into this trespass But he's saying true therefore that means he's you know, he's saying it's your choice Okay, it's your choice that you make that you have made To reject Christ to reject the gospel of salvation to receive righteousness by faith. It's your choice So he says very clearly it's through their fall. It's through their fall and their trespass Okay, it's not that God has put them in blindness and their blindness that has Has put them into trespass, but it's because of their own choice their own mistakes But he says but through the trespass of the Jews, you know, God is going to do something Okay, even though they have rejected him He's still going ahead with his plan Okay, he's still going ahead with this his sovereign will that all men Come to know the truth or the salvation that is in Jesus Christ our lord so he's going ahead with his plan and he's You know, he's brought about salvation or the gospel message to the Gentiles And many of the Gentiles are receiving salvation and he's saying by doing this also in some ways, you know You know, he's provoking the Jews to jealousy so that by this means at least some of them Can come to receive the righteousness in Christ Jesus by faith So he's saying that the Jews are in darkness and sin But God is going to use the salvation That he's brought about to the Gentiles to awaken them to bring them back and to Prove them So it was really saying the following following a way of the Jews has got so much of benefit for the Gentiles, you know, the failure of the Jews has brought riches and blessing to the Gentiles and he says think what will happen You know, if the Jews just fall in line think what will happen if the entire Jewish race or many of the Jews if they accept Jesus Christ just imagine the immense blessing That will that will be blessed that the Gentiles will receive or how immensely blessed You know, the Gentiles will be just because of their rejection of the gospel Just because of their failure it has brought riches and it's got so much of blessing to the Gentiles Just imagine if the Jews accept salvation they accept Jesus How much more will the Gentiles be blessed what supernatural blessings will just an outflow of blessings That will just flow out on the Gentiles as a result of The juices accepting Jesus as the Lord and Savior He says even though he's an apostle to the Gentiles What he really likes to do by preaching the gospel message or bringing the salvation message or reaching out to Gentiles Is that even as the Gentiles receive salvation through the gospel that Paul is preaching out He's saying he's hoping that in some ways, you know, it will provoke the Jews to jealousy so that they too can be Seen so he says yes, I'm an apostle to Gentiles. I'm preaching to them the salvation But he's saying by some means even as I'm doing this, you know, I'm just believing that it will provoke The Jews to jealousy so that they too can be saved and what's 15 he says But if they're being cast away is reconciling the world What will their acceptance be but life from the So he's saying the Jews come to faith There will be a great grand Resurrection that is going to take place. In fact, that is what is going to take place As a great revival Which is spoken of in revelation that, you know, there will be a great in gathering of souls from among all the people of Israel Just before the final resurrection from the Dead so he's saying that if you know just before the final resurrection There will be a great in gathering of Harvesting of souls and revival among the Jews just before the final Resurrection. So just summing up what Paul has been saying Telling us so far in Romans chapter 11. He says God is not given up on the Jews But they have chosen darkness and because they chose job darkness They refuse to see the The truth in the gospel that is in Jesus Christ Salvation was given to the Gentiles And this salvation was given to the Gentiles also as a way to provoke the Jews to jealousy So if their darkness or there is rejection of the gospel has got salvation and blessing and riches to the Gentiles How much more Will the Gentiles receive blessing if the Jews receive the gospel Or they become righteous by faith through grace Okay, so this is what this is a basic summary of what he's been Saying and verses one to verse 15 will move on to verses uh 16 to When uh 16 it was 25 Or 26 so when somebody quickly read was 16 to was 25 weeks It says but if the first fruit is holy the lump is also holy and the root is holy So are the branches and if some of the branches were broken off and you being a wild Oratory they're crafted in among them and with them become became a particular the root and fatness of the oratory Do not boast against the branches But if you do boast remember that you do not support the root but the root supports you You will say then branches were broken off that I might be grafted in Well said because of the unbelief they were broken off and you stand by faith Do not be haughty but fear but if God did not spare the natural branches. He may not spare you either Verse 22 therefore consider the goodness and the severity of God on those who fell On those who fell Severely but towards you goodness if you continue in his goodness Otherwise you will also be cut off And they also if they do not continue in unbelief will be grafted in for God is able to graft them in again But if you were cut off the oratory which is wired by nature and by crafted contrary to nature Into the cultivated oratory How much more will these who are natural branches be grafted into their own oratory? For I do not desire brethren that you should be ignorant of this mystery West you should be wise in your own opinion that blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of Gentiles has come in Very interesting how Paul presents the students to us He's just basically painting a very beautiful picture of an olive tree So you can just imagine Two olive trees one is a cultivated olive tree in a cultivated land where it's been You're taking care of you know Care for and there's another wild olive tree just just going In the wild again the cultivated olive tree here of the presence is while or the Jewish nation or the Jewish race And he's saying that some of them who did not believe When they do not believe what does God do he cuts off the branches He takes off the branches. He cuts off the branches of Of the olive tree the cultivated olive tree of those people and these branches that are cut off Are those Jews who've not accept the gospel and what does he say? He says that you know God You know graphs in branches of the wild olive tree and who is the wild olive tree the wild olive tree other Gentiles the Gentiles Who believe who receive righteousness by faith when they receive righteousness by faith? They are kind of grafted into the main cultivated olive tree So they receive the blessings that God gave to Abraham. They receive the riches.    I said Jacob All those who believed who God gave the covenants who got gave the promises the origin of the Jews They are the roots. Okay. So don't boast that you are superior to the Jews Maybe you have you know your Gentiles you've accepted gods if received righteousness by faith You've come into the church. You've been grafted into the tree of life You're part the kingdom of God. You are children of God. You are the seeds of the promise You've received the promises you receive the blessings that God spoke To Abraham to his seeds when he says hey don't boast don't think that you're superior to the Jews you're grafted in by faith.  He's good to them But those who do not believe in him he has to deal with them very severely So even among the Jews, you know God he says God is able to bring them to the faith if they respond in faith But if they continue in unbelief, you know, he gives them up their own choices And it was 24. He says think about how God is grafting The branches of the wild olive tree into the main olive tree Verse 25 says I don't want it to be ignorant of this mystery.  What is this mystery that is revealing God is bringing in the branches of the wild olive tree Into the main olive tree. That means he's bringing in the Gentiles into the kingdom of God to being hairs of You know hairs of God, cold hairs with Christ Jesus is bringing them into his original plan But he's doing this You know, he's bringing the Gentiles into the plan and purposes of God But he's doing this notice was what he says in verse 25 He says blindness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in So God has allowed Israel to be in a state of Blindness that means he's not saying, okay, you be blind No, he's giving them up to their own choices He's allowing them to be In their own choices that face the own consequences of choices until the Gentiles are brought in and brought it in And then he's going to not give up on his own people. He's going to awaken the Jews He's going to work among them.  He's not forgotten them. He still has a plan for them. He's going to pursue them He's also going to graph them back into the tree of life. Yes, man. Do you have a question? Thank you pastor. Um my question is about the jewish so We now understand that everyone has free choice And they can either choose to believe or not believe or to add in their heart or soften soften it So now the each of the jewish at the end How why is god going to pursue them? And he has given them The free choice to choose to either choose him or to choose the world so and If he's going to pursue them where where is their Free choice then it's like it's forcing things to them Yes, thank you. Thank you. Yes, he's pursuing going to pursue the jews which means He's not going to those who are going to reject them.  You have to be grounded Because you're my chosen people.   It's going to pursue everybody Okay, uh, he's going to go behind everybody We also know that are some people that god pursues them till the dead bed Some people have accepted jesus on the dead bed. Okay, we can say that's unfair, but it's it's god who makes He's a judge, but he pursues everyone. Why does he pursue everyone?   He's going to give them up to their own choice God is not at any moment in time is not going to override our choices He's going to let us live and choose and go by our own choices. Did that help mangi? Yes, but yes So, uh, why are we saying this that he's going to pursue the jews is because the jews feel forgotten But so paul is writing to them and saying hey, don't feel left out.  He's still pursuing you. He's going to pursue He just like he's going to pursue everybody But since specifically we're looking at it's in the context of jews and gentiles And he's writing specifically these chapters 9 10 11 Talking about Israel as a chosen nation he's mentioning this So we always need to interpret scripture in the light in the context of what Who is being written to What is the the context in which is writing and also interpreted in the rest of the other scripture? Did that help? Okay, anyone else has any questions Okay, there's no questions will continue from versus 26 to the end of chapter 11 And this was 36 on venice day and then we Okay Next assessment is due. So maybe I'll just post the date on the stream page or you can just You know share your comments if that's fine and then we'll go ahead. Is that okay everybody? Okay for our next assessment that is we finished chapters one two Four we will have from chapters four to eight One to four, sorry five six seven eight. We'll have five six seven eight So I will just post the date and you all can just to share your views And then we'll take it on from there. Okay. Thank you everyone for joining class. Have a blessed weekend Enjoy your weekend. You refresh and strike it and I'll see you next week. Bye Thank you


The president, Mohamed Buhari, looks to have made his choice of the next chairman of the All Progressives Congress, APC. He has insisted that the former governor of Nasser Awa State, Abdul-Lai Adamu, becomes the next national chairman of the party. The president also rejected a renewed attempt by three governors to change the zoning formula, which was agreed upon last week by the Progressives Governors' Room, PGF. It was gathered that a section of the divided APC Governors' Room made efforts to stop the president from giving all the ends to the colleagues who rejected Adamu and the zoning arrangement.