Hello and welcome to People's Dispatch. Today we are joined by Professor Abha Dev Habib from Delhi University who is here to discuss with us the situation of education, the situation of higher education during this COVID crisis as these COVID crisis continues. There are lockdowns which have been implemented all over the world and in most countries education is as a result shifting online and in her university as well that is Delhi University in India. A similar trend is being followed and now the university is set to begin online exams, open book exams from July 1st and this is happening despite massive opposition amongst the student and teachers community. So Professor Abha teaches physics and she's also the treasurer of the Delhi University Teachers Association and she will be talking to us about this about this opposition and about the issues that are in this policy of online education. So thank you for joining us today and can you first tell us can you first tell us about what exactly this system is of this open book online exam how is this being planned and how will this be adopted? Yeah so to understand this first I'll like to share that how the structure of Delhi University for example in Delhi University courses are offered in two or three different modes when is regular mode students have to take classes in colleges or in departments and then you have school of open learning so a distance education mode and then similarly on parallel to distance education mode is for a women board for women education but based on that distance learning mode and and undergraduate level teaching happens in roughly 55 or 56 colleges for humanities social science and sciences while for internal assessments teachers work take test quizzes and give assignments and assign internal marks internal assessment marks to students but all students have to then take a central semester and examination and a combination of this 25 percent is internal assessment and 75 is your semester and exam that total becomes your grades these are used towards grades for the students. Now this announcement of OBE happened only in around 13th May and for the first time we came to know that the university is thinking of having conducting an open book examination before that UGC was studying the possibilities for universities across and university had come with a very flexible formula and we were looking forward to a similar kind of formula I want to tell you Delhi university is a central university there are other 42 central universities also Delhi university is a central university and this means that the student population is very very heterogeneous we get students from across the country and in this there is a very high percentage of there are 50 seats are reserved for SC, ST, OBC and then we also have reservation for EWS students so this is the composition student composition for our of our university now if the university suddenly brings the formula of open book examination our students are not used to it also the teachers were never instructed to teach in a particular manner so that is a problem for us and the open book examination the university is saying that for each student there will be a folder created on the website in which the question paper will be posted for the day and the student will have to download work on the paper and upload it within three hours as per the university understanding the question paper is something which the student should complete in two hours an additional hour is being given only to take care of connectivity issues for downloading and uploading so this is a basic format and colleges have been instructed to help a student if they are not able to upload so maybe then a question or if they are not able to download for some reason because suddenly when a large number of students will be taking exam the university is not also sure whether the website will work or not so colleges have been then given the charge of following up the things case to case first I mean give a personalized attention to students to email them the question paper to also take their answer script so this is a broadly what OBE is for Delhi University so here of course you're mentioning issues of connectivity and now I mean what are the other issues that could come up in this system because like you were saying a lot of the students are from outside Delhi so they would have left for their homes and I think they have been issues discussed about how they might not have access to materials and internet so a lot of issues have been talked about in this in relation to these exams can you tell us more about this and why it's being opposed see one thing is that why do you want to examine student the fundamental question is that you want to examine whether they have understood what you were trying to aim at whether you had those learning outcomes whether the student have critically understood analyzed the reading material learned new things new techniques or whatever now when the teaching has been very uneven you see that you we were trying to connect for this interview for last 20 minutes and we did not have connection now when I say that students from across the country come then there are many students coming from suburban and rural backgrounds they come from suburban and rural backgrounds and if in Delhi the connectivity issues are like this you can only imagine what is happening in Rajasthan in some Jilla of UP or somewhere else also students 50% students I mean you know we conducted from Delhi university teachers association we conducted a survey among students and 51,500 students responded to our survey and in this 50% students said that they are from outside Delhi now we need to understand that in Delhi university we were having a mid-semester break which also included a festival holy was there is one of the major festivals of the country and students had gone back only for three days or four days thinking that they will be back so they did not even carry the study material from before the mid-semester break I mean for the classes which were done in January February March they do not even have reading material for that so when we were instructed and the lockdown started around 19th March just as us university was reopening the lockdown started I want to say here that no institutional help was provided to students or to teachers we are in a you can understand that there is no scholarship teachers to buy laptops to have basic infrastructure ready for all times to be using it all the times so it depends on whether I as a teacher has you know created that facility for myself at home or not so and the institutions just as an order the vice chancellor or the mh rd says that teachers will have to engage students now teachers did whatever they were able to do similarly our students are not equipped with laptops or netbooks or anything there are no scholarships to ensure that there is minimum infrastructure available at the student's end say some connectivity broadband or to say the netbook so when we started teaching the students say that they have not carried material and they are not even able to you know connect so quickly because things have happened so drastically for them the things have changed that they were taking little time to settle down with the new things a completely uncertain world and we can only imagine that if teachers are or you know we are feeling jittery how our students were taking looking at the whole thing so one they do not have material the other is that they are looking at they have a very unequal playing field we have students from marginalized section we have a large number of students coming from a differently able section so with these things and no institutional help to ensure a minimum level playing field we can only imagine how uneven our teaching has been so foreign and uneven teaching even when I was taking classes I was uploading material I was also trying to hold classes on zoom I saw that only one fourth student was able to come on zoom and they said that connectivity is one issue conditions at home is another condition that they do not get an environment where they can concentrate on their studies the environments are very different for all our students so a large number also said that environment at home is not conducive for us to join our zoom sessions regularly only one fourth students were coming so when I when I'm making efforts even then I can't reach my students equally and if we looked at the Delhi university structure which I told that physics honors for example is being taught in roughly 25 colleges now if our teaching has been so unequal can we test students through a centralized examination which is going to be common for all the students and teachers did not protest so much towards internal assessment because when I took internal assessment though I found it very difficult to track each and every student to extend my deadlines but I was still able to reach to my students there are students I will say that I was able to reach but many teachers have reported that even for internal assessment they're finding it difficult to reach to the student because the student does not have any internet connection so I'm saying that even for internal assessment suppose I made efforts I tested them on what I was able to teach them how evenly I was able to approach them I I tested them on that now for a centralized examination this situation does not is not there for the student the student could negotiate much more with me than with the centralized examination therefore we think that any examination right now will be unjust because the teaching has been uneven because the institution you know I am from Miranda house and in Miranda house I will appreciate that academic committee meetings were held regularly departmental meetings were held regularly so we were able to do a coordinated effort all teachers tried to do similar things and we also we are teachers in regular stream and we did not have this idea of online teaching various applications all this we had to learn on our own and it did help us to have you know meetings but there were no orders from the university no systematic approach to see that uniformly this was done across colleges or across departments so there are departments in colleges where there has been no coordinated effort now you want to suddenly test the student I think it is very unfair any kind of examination will be unfair because of the equal level playing field unequal playing field for the student right now an examination will be map of how well they were how well equipped they were in terms of infrastructure internet connection environment at home if a student had best of all of this they may perform little better and others will be damaged so we think that any form of examination will be back the other thing is because we are a central university and most of our students in my class in fact in some departments in some colleges the number of our station student is as large as like 95 percent students from outside now they're coming back to Delhi will mean quarantine it will also mean that most of the students do not stay on campus I mean that we only have limited number of hospital seats this day on rented accommodation whether now they will get rented accommodation or not is also a thing so I don't think so pen and paper is possible a routine exam is possible in the near future and online examination will be completely discriminatory and when the letter of the dean examination came on 14th May the first announcement of OBE for the students and teachers I will like to say here that we were very hurt in the sense that it also filled us with some anger that it did not respond to needs of and entitlements of different sections it did not say that what will happen if in three hours a student is not able to upload it did not say what will happen to blind students who need a scribe and who will not get scribe right now because of the norms of physical distancing so I think OBE has to be rethought the other thing is that OBE in the OBE there is no way of maintaining it is not a fear that the private players and group of students can completely rig this examination so in some sense it is not really an examination which will be a credible system so was there any sort of consultation process that was done before the system was announced because of course you mentioned the survey that Duta conducted DUTA conducted but on from the on the behalf of the university was there any sort of similar process that was carried out before rolling out the system? This is extremely important question Suryangya and I want to say that whereas Hyderabad University conducted a survey of and they only have a small number of students as opposed to us for us the terminal semester students if we include UG and PG and open learning and regular it will go up to four lakhs so we are talking about lot of students in Delhi University before taking this call the university or the colleges did not conduct any survey now in that itself is very irresponsible it was duty of the university to in between conduct service every one month or something to see whether institution has been able to penetrate has been able to reach to the students or not and how equipped the students are and no survey was conducted by Delhi University I also want to say that there was a 15 member committee which was announced around 6th May and it did not have representatives of teachers there are elected members of the teachers in the academic council and the executive council which are our apex body for decision-making so no consultation with the decision-making bodies no representative teachers representative on these 15 membered committee there was no member from the differently abled section of students and teachers Duta which is the teachers association no member was invited to this committee do so which is the union of the students and it is such a large body and we were not invited so there were no consultative processes and if you are today there is a news in outlook and in times of India about AMU professor a legal Muslim university professor who is being targeted by the vice chancellor because he is opposing open book examination in that central university and we fear that this pressure is coming from the mh rd to force the university and some central university into open book examination to use terminal students as a as lab rats and we have been opposing this and I want to say that there are alternatives there are credible alternatives which not only many universities in India but abroad also who have adopted and which our own teachers have suggested and of course you talked about the environments at home which many students might have and how those might not be suitable for studying but apart from that we also have to consider the massive economic crisis that we are facing and how many students particularly from more marginalized communities you know how difficult they would find to focus on examinations during this time in this economic slowdown and many small businesses closing all around the country I think the university is being very very insensitive and pushing for an examination because right now mental well-being and physical well-being of students and citizens is paramount and you are crushing students also because you did not provide see if the university would have acted as a provider and would have provided and you know ensured that all students were equally reached I could still understand but today when the households are under crisis you want students to you know prepare for a download and upload and the scanner or to go for a good screen mobile a mobile which can screen but scan things better I think this is very very unfortunate and I want to tell you that after the lockdown the kind of situation we have today by July there may be many more deaths because of COVID and can we really think that the families will be in shape to deal with examination this is a very big question can a university universities are you know I have to be role models to create new to respond to new situation in a very innovative manner to you know create models for the society and what we see is that a university is acting in a very incentive insensitive manner and I want to tell you that in open learning a large number of students come from marginalized backgrounds in our own university of 50% students would be any way women more in fact in many disciplines the number of women is much more you understand how it is in the country and many more men go for management courses and this and that but for humanity social science pure sciences a large number of students are women so when I took a survey in Miranda house and I asked my students why they were not able to join zoom many of women's students said that environment home is not conducive in fact you know today I teach in a women's college and I think unless the government promises many more scholarships to women to students coming from marginalized section and doing all I mean generally a large number of scholarships have to be promised they want students to come back to education because with this kind of slowdown economic slowdown the lockdowns which have crushed economics I mean anyway we were going to economic slowdown but lockdown has just broken the back of many households this is in in fact very very unfortunate and that is also the reason why I also do not want students to come back to Delhi spend 50 50,000 or 70,000 to stay here and then give an exam that kind of money may not be available with parents certainly not for many daughters. So finally you had mentioned that there are alternatives to this can you tell us what these alternatives are and also what are Duta's future plans for resisting this system of online exams? See I would like to say that Duta has started the movement along with the students and we will take all we have taken to social media we and Twitter storm and we have been writing representing to various authorities and so we will carry forward this work but I want to say what are the alternatives and for example IIT Kanpur it has said that for the terminal for the graduating students students who are graduating this semester they will assign grades ABC depending on the work they have done in the semester and which the individual teachers have marked them already ABC and satisfactory grade they are saying they will not fill anybody for this semester okay they are not going to retain any student because they are paying attention that our student need to graduate on time and the hardship the student is facing they are ready to compromise and they are saying that this is the new solution and for all the students which are not graduating this year and this grades will be assigned to them also but the student will be able to improve on the those grades little later. Hyderabad University also is looking at the past your performances of the student and in Delhi University also I would like to say the for the second year and for the first year the university itself has said that we will look at the internal assessment which has been done now and look at the past performance of the student and with this two components we will assign a grade to the student we only want to understand this that why this cannot be applied to the terminal student terminal semester student in fact you know the terminal semester student has many more past performances on the basis of which an average can be taken for example for a second semester student there is only one past performance and the university is ready to give that past performance of weightage whereas for the terminal semester student and undergraduate there are five performances which the student has already acquired the the university has given it why can't that average be taken so it is beyond us and teachers are suggesting this only that you take internal assessment and combine it with the past performance but give an opportunity to the student to improve it through pen and paper examination conventional examination whenever it becomes possible for the university to hold maybe next year maybe with the next cycle of the semesters then an opportunity can be given if the student is not happy suppose a student does not want the fifth semester to be used or the first semester when the students just come from outside and they're struggling with their lives in a metropolitan city if they do not like that performance to be counted and they're not happy with the grade the university has given to all students on the basis of their past performance and the internal assessment let that student take the exam little later in a conventional manner so this is what we are suggesting and if the university feels that it is a credible thing for the first year and for the second semester and for the fourth semester student then I think it is a credible solution even for the terminal semester student so thank you for joining us today that's all the time we have watching people's dispatch


Good afternoon guys, I think so we can start with the session So before we start the session Just for technical reasons we won't be able to play the whole slide deck in the full screen mode due to some display issues But we'll go through everything we'll discuss Good afternoon, how is everyone doing? Good, did you have your coffee and everything for the evening? So you guys are ready for the multi hypervisor? Thank you for selecting this some session on managing multi hypervisor Open stack cloud with the single virtual network We submitted this session because we saw a need of it and then we got the response back from you guys in regards to Having it here and discussing more about it. So before I go into the Session, let me talk about like my name is there are seagull. I work for plum grid. We are a Solution provider SDN and NFE solution provider for open stack clouds. We are market leader I will say for SDN and open stack networking for Sass type of platform service providers retail finance and these have been very unique cases where people started with the Default open stack and then in default open stack neutron options But then as they build their more clouds and they were looking into multi hypervisor type of situation some of those use cases They went for more mature more stable more differentiated Open stack solution and we provide plum grid O and S as a solution SDN solution for open stack clouds With me. I have Omar son here. He's my colleague at plum grid he is Sales engineering head and leads all the people through these deployments and he will walk you through like how We do the solutions to So moving forward What we see is in open stack We have seen like people have different options of hypervisors out there. They have Zen. They have hyper we they have ESXI and then KVM Generally with ESXI we have seen as people are deploying their Clouds out there. They want to leverage their traditional ESXI workloads and VMs Into their open stack environment With minimal disruption as they invest into these new type of cloud workloads So a lot of people have the ESXI traditional workloads They're building their clouds. They have many options of cloud and As they are moving towards more of a cloud workloads, which are dominant KVM They want to connect the ESXI Workloads with the KVM. So for that what we see is networking has to enable this transition Where people still keep on leveraging their traditional workloads for their apps But are able to migrate it towards the cloud side of the story So as we talked more to the enterprise IT and the DevOps during our discussions and they are saying they're adopting Cloud quite a bit in their private data centers They keep on coming to us that okay for their old ESXI traditional workloads How they can fit them into this open stack environment and then move it forward So let me share this slide in regards to the SDX central survey which came out recently Like I think so a couple of weeks back and what we see is for different type of clouds people are using Hypervisors and VM where ESXI is one of the largest hypervisors out there in clouds, right? There is no denying about it and the reason people have used This is because they want to have access and utilization of their ESXI Traditional workloads and they wanted to be the integral part of their cloud strategy The conversation Around any type of cloud management platform it can be open stack It can be we realize or anything people want to have ESXI option As for their old workloads, but how does it connect into their? The new cloud management platforms and There are few reasons they gave us in regards to the VMware EXI why they think it's important because you can tell them Just move over to KVM put everything out there. It should be good. It should work There will be a little bit of work to be done, but it should work out for you guys They have given three very key reasons behind why they want to keep using ESXI traditional workloads and then have a path to migrate as more and more of their workloads going to KVM Then move over from ESXI So the first one they talk about is the app workload optimization By that what they have mentioned most of the time to us is that for single app any app they're developing if they have a Need in which they want to leverage ESXI they cannot go back and port everything over to KVM or another hypervisor They want to use ESXI and they have optimized their physical infrastructure or they have optimized or fine-tuned their whole ESXI environment around this particular Subcomponent within that Workload and they want to keep it that way and they want to use it for their apps and in the same category they have KVM right for their Web server or their app server. They're using KVM's and they want to connect it to database server, which is Running within ESXI from the get-go so they want to connect both of them The second reason they have shared with us has been more about the in-house hypervisor development knowledge Deployment knowledge so for last so many years 10 years 15 years They have worked extensively with ESXI to a point that people know about it, right? They have been trained they have been gone. They have gone to VM world. They have learned about new technologies For some of them the their journey of virtualization started with ESXI So they want to keep that knowledge base or to leverage it, right? So training cost from moving people out of VMware into a new one For the traditional workloads, it's too much. So they want to keep it that way To leverage it as much as possible The last one which has been shared quite a bit is about the multi-year licensing agreements so as they have purchased the licensing for ESXI and They are in process of getting new licenses or leveraging the old ones. They want to keep their cost down So these multi-year licenses basically force them also or incentivize I will say to keep using their ESXI environment and For new cloud When they look at this agreements, they are like, okay, how much can I leverage my already? Expense or the cost into my data center for these new cloud strategies and the implementations What happens here is that as they look backward they see that Virtualization made their life successful But it came with a window lock-in type of situation where VM wear ESXI made them lock into the ESXI Across the board and then they had to stick with VMware for the cloud. They have different options. They have vCloud They have OpenStack and whatnot They don't want to go with the we realize or vCloud or whatever options of proprietary cloud management platforms That's here. What they're looking at is they want to use more and more of OpenStack type of clouds so Not to repeat the mistake or I'll say not to repeat the history of vendor lock-in in regards to the cloud management platforms They want to use OpenStack But still they want to use the ESXI the traditional workloads for these cloud management platform So that they can already leverage their existing knowledge. They can already Leverage their app workload optimizations. They have done for traditional But as they move on they have KVMs. They have containers They have bare metals and everything coming together for them and they want to basically bring move on to that Strategy so that as they more and more workloads go into the as More and more workloads or applications are built for the new clouds. They are able to Transition seamlessly to that point So this survey brings out the point in the same thing was about the OpenStack as you can see OpenStack is by far the most popular cloud management platform out there in the survey 58% of people have basically said they Want to use cloud management platform of OpenStack and they basically are building strategies around it We and where we realize Is 48% as a choice and most probably it's because of the reason of the previous where they have built the proprietary clouds around it one thing we want to mention here is the Another point which was brought on in regards to multi-cloud management platform So as you can see people don't want to manage multi-cloud management platforms So this reinforces the idea about OpenStack that It's the most popular cloud management platform people are investing more in it and they want to converge their clouds on OpenStack But they still want access to do their traditional or previous workloads for the new apps They are developing for their cloud So as we look into this People are looking at the OpenStack Then the question was like in cloud what has been the biggest problem, right? And what came out is networking is the biggest Major cloud problem, right? In regards to the most immature component within a cloud management, this goes true for VMware, this goes for OpenStack and everything and I think so the mixture of Having two different type of hypervisor working within a similar cloud management platform like OpenStack Contributes to this 76% number, right? Most probably the 76% number might be Little bit less if the networking of multi hypervisors is a result But definitely it will bring that number down quite a bit The second problem they had was ease of management that is 15% But when I look like three years or two years back within the OpenStack community the ease of management was also very high percentage People had a lot of issues in rolling out OpenStack clouds managing the clouds, orchestrating the clouds, spinning up the projects and whatnot and today with the work of outstanding distro partners like Rackspace, Mirantis, RDO, ROS and the community itself the ease of management has been like Substantially dropping and I think so that's the same approach for networking which will go out there too So in regards to networking why It's a problem and how we see it in the OpenStack cloud for multi hypervisor We went to the OpenStack multi hypervisor Examples so if you go to the deployment guide of OpenStack.org This is a diagram they give in regards to how you can orchestrate an OpenStack control plane for Multi-cloud type of environment because this multi cloud is because of the reason that you have two type of hypervisors running there One is ESXi the other one is KVM. So let me just walk you through this Diagram like how they basically position it so what you can see here is on the left-hand side You have a proprietary cloud which has a proprietary network physical network And then you have a proprietary storage on top of it and compute you are running ESXi Which is pretty standard model for the I'll say the traditional workloads And then you have to put another proprietary virtual network switch which works with the ESXi We all know what is the best proprietary virtual network switch which will work with ESXi it's a VMware solution for networking Right and that basically plugs into the OpenStack control plane and that's how you manage But you what you can see here is that you have built an entire cloud separately here Within OpenStack control plane to manage right so Basically now you are building two clouds here one is proprietary cloud and then they're on the right-hand side Which is the cloud which is promoted and most adopted within OpenStack is the open cloud, right? You have open cloud you have physical network cross-86 type of Servers and then you have KVM and open source hypervisor Sure It wasn't working for me. So let's see if it works now I'll try again. I tried that it didn't work also better Let's try this way better. There are few seats available here also if you want to Thank you. So in the back. Can everyone see it now? No and work for me, sir That's fine. Yes So Microsoft crash So it crashed now Okay Okay, so I think so we won't do trouble ID troubleshooting We'll go with this one so I'll go with the Desolation by the guy in the back and that's a better better Okay back to square one So Continuing with the this is a new chapter about it. So OpenStack multi hypervisor examples. So you go to the OpenStack.org you go to the manual Right and they have specific examples and one of the example is this one And most probably this is one of the oldest one they have and from the start of the open stack itself I remember there were questions right people used to ask us quite a bit in regards to okay I have ESXi workloads. I am developing my cloud strategy I'm developing all these applications for cloud, but I need to use ESXi so this is the diagram which came and This is exactly the same diagram. So we just Created in PowerPoint what you can see here is there's a proprietary cloud Under the open stack control plane It's ESXi based it has proprietary storage. It has proprietary network and Then the proprietary virtual network switch by Most probably that's where they think about the software defined networking and it's based on NSX and That basically talks into the control plane, but on the other side you have the open cloud right which is based on KVM Has multiple storage solutions. It has physical network and everyone desires to go towards the right side They basically want to invest more into the right side, but They are always always looking in what is existing there for them in their data centers and how they can make it work with the control plane So with this what we have seen is Generally people have to build two clouds right one entire stack on VMware side of the story and the other side is the open cloud and and People have always Thought about like how they can make their life easier a few things which can be done here is One is about the networking right so you have proprietary network switch. You have proprietary open Switch so you can club those so you can have one Networking and then on the top layer also they look at us. Okay. Can I make it faster? Can I make it automated? So they are looking at the templates also So they don't want to learn the two template policies like one going towards a proprietary cloud and the other one which is going towards the Open cloud so they want to have a single template where they can basically orchestrate the networking and all these Configuration orchestration of IS layer for their whole cloud irrespective of which hypervisor they are using So with plum grid on us People have been able to basically combine both the clouds and make it into an open cloud this is Where the open networking suit our plum grid solution basically comes into the picture People have deployed it across the board on basically doing the networking for the ESXi part of the story and also Putting it on the KVM side so build one networking layer which basically take care of both the hypervisors use The policy and template driven orchestration provided by OpenStack that is basically the heat so automate entire process So you don't need to worry about learning about two type of networkings two type of clouds Policies Two type of orchestration single OpenStack and through OpenStack you manage everything So before I jump into like how it is done Let me explain you a little bit about plum grid on us why and how why people decided on on us, right? Why did it become important for them to consider this option rather than investing both sides? So plum grid on us Is a software defined? Networking solution it has no hardware dependencies basically we are We render the full network inside the compute nodes So you have your compute nodes your physical infrastructure So entire Network your full network is rendered on your compute nodes as you're running the hypervisors there Generally the traditional solutions you have your switch or a router running in compute node But then you have your layer 3 to layer 7 something running up in switches or northbound, right? So that basically creates a traditional situation where you have a very low level functionality running in compute nodes But as you are scaling as you're making your Clouds bigger all your traffic will need to go through some DHCP some DNS It will need to go through a firewall It will need to go through a nat, right and all of that will have to go up and then create scalability scalability issues it will create performance issues and Those type of problems in case of plum grid on us all that is rendered In your compute nodes. It's as simple as that, right? So no traffic Lee Leaves your compute nodes and goes top into a localized Appliances and goes back. So what you are able to do is you are able to create a distributed data plane and You have a scalability you have performance like as you are building your cloud You add more nodes these virtual network functions basically create your network topologies within the nodes and You keep on scaling with that with with on us you get the Plumgrid network functional libraries like you get the router DHCP DNS NAT everything out of box and then we also Provide the ability for third-party virtual network functions like firewalls and load balancers to be inserted into the networks Topologies you are building in the software so what happens here is as you So as you are building your software defined network, you're building your topology for your app What you do is you basically build your virtual domains. So what is a virtual domain? it's a logical data center, which we are building for your network and Admin or a user can basically define their virtual domain which basically connects Whatever the way they have their topology in the case on the left side You can see a person wants to have the bridges and routers and then go through a load balancer into the cloud so anyone having access to the The open stack can build this topology and be done with it, right? And someone wants to have a different topology which has DHCP or the firewall They can basically build that virtual domain and Further you can replicate and clone these virtual domains as you scale further for different tenants, right? So if tenant a is similar to tenant F You basically build the same virtual domain for them and they can keep on replicating further up there For us The underlying technology here is based on a Linux foundation Collaboration project named as Iowizer The importance about that one is like as I talked about like we are rendering all of your network Full network on your compute nodes. It's because of the Iowizer. So the Linux Foundation be basically uploaded upstreamed our core code in regards to the Iowizer and it's about Universal virtual machine which is running in Linux kernel at runtime. So as you build your network topology, it's built at runtime and basically doesn't create any static type of Issues or platform Problems so with the beauty of the Iowizer you are able to build your network runtime as you're building the virtual domains Tear them down build them again and scale them as you move forward as it is running within the kernel Linux kernel You don't have performance issues of going into the user space or coming back into the kernel space All of this is processed within the kernel space. So you get the very Efficient performance of the CPUs or bare metal you are looking for in the compute So what are we doing demoing here? We are going to demo For you connectivity between KVM and the ESXi workloads across a single tenant We are going to show you how it is done with open stack heat template and It's basically a standard neutron API based the calls we are making and the setup here is going to be simply a open stack distro installed on a Compute notes One of the compute node is running ESXi the second is running the KVM and then you have three controllers We have a gateway which connects this topology to the outside world and then you have VM where we center Running the ESXi managing the ESXi So Can each one still have to talk about so just to give a recap of what Dheeraj was explaining On a physical side right we have is a Standard open stack deployment you can use any distribution this particular demo is a recorded video demo We will show you is based on Merantis and then you have compute nodes where your hyper visors are On the open stack controller nodes, we will also we have also running plumb grade directors which is the management part of our solution and on the KVM compute nodes we have Plumb grade iO visor running in the kernel module and then we also have sorry. This is the KVM and on the ESXi We also have plumb grade iO visor which is the You know on the on the compute nodes Additionally, we have plumb grade gateway This is the icon which connects the these VX LAN fabric to the Internet or you know a legacy IP environment which does not support a virtualization To make this solution work. We also have In an ESXi environment. We have a VM where we center running, right? What makes the solution work is the following we have additional pieces of software one of them is a plumb grade virtual VMware agent Which runs on the directors Additionally is a standard vCenter Driver and open stack and we have applied some patch to which which will make the whole magic happen What we'll demonstrate is on a single open stack project We're going to bring up a create two networks connect them via router then we will Spend a VM on connect them to a network on this side, which is going to be an ESX VM second VM is going to be on another network We're just going to be running on KBM and we will just ping across right a very simple demo What is a very powerful message, right? You can also apply a standard open stack API as you can also use security policy you want to use albass whatever you use open stack standard the solution can support it but six minute Run, and I as it goes through I will try to You know talk about it as we go along First we will give a bit of an overview of the of the setup We will look at from the fuel node where various control nodes and the compute nodes are You can see you know one of them is running VMware other are running KBM and then we will switch to Open stack horizon and open stack horizon you can look at the setup of your system Under system look at the various hypervisors And as you can see there's one node which is running VMware ESX and there are a bunch of other nodes which are running KBM You can also get a view of this on Plumgrid GUI which gives a zone You know Plumgrid is one overview and I was showing you there are three nodes running Plumgrid directors And there are other nodes which are two of them are running as gateways And there are several other compute nodes which is going to onboard the VMs The resolution is not clear. My apologies. Okay. I can happy to explain afterwards too Now this is again is a is a is a heat template the YAML file that we have created where we are going to actually through heat templates going to make standard Neutron calls when we are going to run it in open stack. This is where we are creating the the networks Creating a router connecting them. If you want you can have external connectivity If you want to do security groups, you can do whatever you want in an open stack So we keep all these two bridges and provider. That's just the file name then We will go back to horizon matter of few seconds and in standard open stack way you will go ahead and upload the the YAML file Apply the tenants. You give it a name and then you will apply the tenants credentials Either as an admin or the tenant and then you will Enter the password and then you hit on launch Now it will go ahead and make standard open stack, you know, NOVA and Neutron calls and The topology will start getting built in open stack and as it is happening on an open stack, we are also building the virtual domain that I was showing you in the previous slide dynamically on the plumb grade UI Again, this is happening in the background. The virtual domains are getting built It's done now we will go ahead and launch an instance and We're going to go the first instance. We're going to launch is going to be With the VMDK file, which is going to be expected to install on on the sx node. You can see that We will select the VMDK file We will associate this one to a network called dash 200 This instance is coming up. We can go back and again look at plumb grade again This is the already topology is built on open stack the same topology will show up as a virtual domain on plumb grade site And we'll take a quick look at that What you can do is the first time the virtual domain the icons may look a little bit Unorganized you can welcome to drag and drop them however you want and then do a right-click Deploy on our on our GUI and that will save the view of the Of the virtual domain as you want and then after that you can go back and forth and every time the view will look as You would desire it to be you look at the networks Remember 200 is the one which is the ESX Network and the second sorry hundred is the ESX and the 200 is where the KVM is now we launch another instance and We are going to go and this is going to be With the same standard image and we're going to go and boot it up on on the KVM node Now if you want even through heat template you can boot up images to I mean This is just to demonstrate that the connectivity is there So again the VM where VM came up with a hundred or two the other one came up with two hundred or two The one on KVM. I will go simply to be centered We'll go ahead and console into the VM Which was hundred or two the IP address here's hundred or two ten ten hundred or two and it will simply go ahead and ping 200 or two If you want you can apply security groups if you want to do LBAS integration you want to create whatever complex apology It's a very simple solution. We support it So I'll give it back to to Dheera to complete the rest of the slides and happy to take any questions you have in the end So as we showed like how it's simple basically for even a multi hypervisor example that you can take make networking also easy to Implement and use it for that type of environment for a open-stack cloud Plumgrid ONS basically will provide you out-of-box easy straight and simple templated form in which you can automate whole of your orchestration of cloud For the networking and then the workloads for the apps With this you can make sure that your traditional ESXi workloads for the same apps can work with the KVM Workloads as you're getting them together. So this is One deployment case study. We cannot disclose the name of the customer here, but what Happened here is I don't I can't do the animation on this one But the point here was they deployed the Plumgrid ONS on their open-stack cloud They had The Plumgrid director's edges and the gateway and the LCM and the VMware Center everything deployed They had a few VMware SQL servers and Microsoft SQL servers running on the ESXi and then they had The Apache web servers running in the KVM and at the point here was they are pushing apps onto the Website and they are basically looking to build more and more of it So with the virtual domains what they did is suppose one of their customers came and asked for a specific set of an App they went into the library. They created a NAT function with the routers and the switches and built The VMs and this spun up the VMs of Apache and the SQL server and then gave them a Specific virtual domain or virtual network profile which works with their app Then the second user came asked for the same thing But had a different requirements in regards to the router and the NAT and the configuration They basically spun it up through the heat template and created another virtual domain for that customer and it basically Spans further and further like you can have a lot more Tenants of yours projects of open-stack projects of yours coming in here further and further down the lane and you can keep using your VMware workloads traditional workloads and For and the KVM workloads for your cloud so in summary what we want to point out is SDN Within the open-stack multi hypervisor environment has to fulfill these four things out of this presentation If there is anything I want you to take away is these four things right one is Micro segmentation that is basically via virtual domains can be done in open-stack with both ESXi and KVM It's not just towards the vCloud or we realize type of environment Or it's not towards just that you can run KVM and then do it right So if you have a multi hypervisor environment Micro segmentation can run in open-stack with a single SDN You can basically apply all your security policies and Group permissions everything out of box the open-stack ones for a multi hypervisor environment So there is no need to go and do specific Security type of things separately for an ESXi environment and then for a KVM environment So this can be pushed into the open-stack cloud with such an environment out of the box You can automate whole of this process Which will run basically a few seconds few minutes as much time your VMs basically you spun up with the heat templates And the last one is you can optimize your existing hypervisor investments if you want to learn more if you want to discuss further about your Environments where you have such situation you have ESXi workloads But now you are moving towards cloud and are using more applications based on KVM Stop by our booth. It's a t69. We have demos running there You can basically pick up the book where we have Discuss this test case and also has the user testimonials and whatnot and then we'll be more than happy To help you with answer your specific questions. I think so we are out of time, but any questions Thank you


This 2004 Chevy Corvette in Torch Red is stock number 11704Z. This is the last year of the C5 and this one is in excellent condition. It has the 5.7L V8 motor. It has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop. It has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. And this car is 100% ready to go. Once again Torch Red is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality and condition of the car before seeing it in person. And if you'd like to subscribe to our channel and the lower right hand part of the screen is a gold subscribe button. Click that to get all of our daily videos. This one comes with the polished aluminum rims. And it has Michelin Pilot Sport 24545ZR17 tires. And these tires have a lot of tread left. I'd say 80 to 90% on there. Front fender is in excellent condition. Those are the pop-up headlights on there. Or flip up or however you want to see them. Front bumper is in excellent condition. I didn't see any major scuffs or scrapes on that. The hood is in great condition as well. Really nice paint on this car. Pastner side rim, no major scuffs or scrapes on there. Looks really good. And as you go down this side of the car, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle, you can see the car, hear the car, and have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here so that when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises. The back glass is in nice shape. This one has the glass top. It also comes with a painted top color match to the car. Very nice down that side. This back rim is in excellent shape as well. No scuffs or scrapes. And the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. Coming around to the back of the vehicle. Looks really good. The back hatch is in nice shape. We get the Corsa exhaust. These exhaust tips are very nice and clean. Sounds really good. We'll check that out in just a second. This back rim, excellent shape as well.  No scuffs, no scrapes. Inside you get the black leather interior. There are no rips, there are no tears on the seats. You get the Corvette stitched into the backrest. Power driver seat, factory floor mats, Bose sound memory driver seat. Power windows, power locks. This one does have the heads up display. We'll take a quick look at the back storage area as well as the color match hard top. That color match hard top is in very nice condition as well. I didn't see any major imperfections. And you do get an all weather floor mat back here. Or mat, I guess you could say. And that's in really nice shape too. This car does come with the original air cleaner. And it also comes with a car cover. I have those sitting off to the side right there. But those come with the car as well. We'll hop inside, start it up. Take a look at everything inside here. Heads up display, it looks pretty good. This car only has 9,317 miles. Instrument cluster is very nice and clean. Leather wrapped steering wheel, that's in great shape. Automatic transmission. Has the tape player, dual climate control. Pass near side floor mat and seat are in excellent condition as well. And you can see that glass roof is in nice shape. I didn't see any stress cracks in it or anything like that. Which is always what you have to look at on those glass roofs. It does have stability or active handling control right there. And we'll take a quick look at under the hood. We'll also, I don't know if I show you but it has that heads up display there. Check out the exhaust here, sounds really good. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. And hopefully from this HD video, we'll have been able to tell just how clean this or that is all the way around. Under the hood we have the 5.7 liter VA motor. Believe it's 350 horsepower. Engine based, very clean, runs very smooth. Let's have a K&N. Believe it's K&N cold air intake. Now let's get this car asked in Police Safety Inspector as a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. And this car is 100% ready to go. Very, very nice. I will turn those headlights on so you can see that those are working properly as well. And I would highly recommend this car from a quality and condition standpoint. And to see more pictures of this Corvette or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, Corvettes, Camaro's, Challengers, Chargers, Mustangs, you name it we gotta go to that website right there. www.SummitAuto.com Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at www.SummitAuto.com And if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to www.youtube.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact, in a second we'll see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel in the upper left. A link to more Corvette videos like this one in the upper right. A link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left. And a link to a recent video that we've done in the lower right. Click those, check us out and we're super excited to be offering this Ultra Clean 2004 Chevy Corvette in torch red with the dual top. Thanks again for checking out the video.


So I think we can move on to the next session, Anita. Yes, sure. Okay, so we have our speaker here ready to go. So the next speaker is going to be taking up the topic, leveraging AWS Fargate for running cost-friendly and containerized applications. And this is going to be led by one victory, one victory works remotely as a software engineer for Outland, certification on AWS and Microsoft technical articles on cloud services and to live for developer-focused organizations, such as Octa, DigitalOcean, and Stepzen. Over to you, one victory. I hope I pronounced that right. Yeah, you did, you did. Mike, can anyone hear me? Yes, we can. All right, so today I'll be talking about AWS Fargate and how we can leverage it for running cost-friendly containerized applications. Thanks for the opportunity, pretty much excited. All right, so first off, this talk is pretty much important because minimal operating expenditure is often the goal for every startup, every small project and every solo developer having a minimal operating expenditure is something that they look forward to and they work towards. And just to define that first, operating expenditure refers to the money that you pay to run, to use a service while running your application. So on the cloud, if you're using any service, the money you're paying for it is being referred to as your operating expenditure. And the reason why we look forward to a minimal operating expenditure is to avoid the huge cloud bills. So everybody knows that the cloud is expensive. These services are billed heavily for, you pay lots and that is why they make sure that you have a minimal operating expenditure because you do not want to get billed heavily at the end of the month. And so today, within the next few minutes, I'll be speaking on how Fargate helps developers who are interested in running container applications have very minimal operating expenditure. And okay, so before I move into what Fargate is, I'd first of all like to take a step back and talk about containers because Fargate is a service for running containers. So first off, containers are everywhere. We all use containers. Either we use it directly in running our applications or we just indirectly. For those who work with services such as Heroku, Netlify, those are Plasma as a services. Underneath, they use containers also in running the applications. And over the years, containers have proven to be very, very beneficial for software development. It's literally everywhere. We also have tools that are used by millions of developers for running containers. And in comparison to virtual machines which we use years for running applications, containers are lightweight. They are cloud native because they fit well into the cloud architecture. And with that, they are very scalable. They are used for running microservices, running very large applications. And they are cheaper to run because unlike virtual machines, we can have several containers running within a single virtual machine. They are platform agnostic also. So you can have a single container run across multiple cloud platforms. But there is an issue with containers. And that is, containers do not run on thin air. These containers, they run somewhere either locally on your computer while you're building your application or on the cloud using either your on-prem service or a full cloud provider like AWS, Microsoft, or the Google Cloud platform. And so there's always an infrastructure that is powering up. And this introduces some problems. First off, this infrastructure has to be created. It has to be updated. And when there's an issue, it has to be patched alongside being monitored constantly to know when to roll out an update to your underlying infrastructure that powers your containers. And also this infrastructure needs to grow as your application scales, as you scale from thousands to millions of requests. The underlying infrastructure for your containers needs to grow also.  From an SRI standpoint, toy refers to the manual work that you do repeatedly. So as your underlying infrastructure is growing, there are several things that you need to do. Probably if you spin up a new server, you have to install certain tools on them before you can run your containers on them. So these are problems that people face before they can use containers. And this is where Fargate comes in. So what exactly is Fargate? Well, Fargate is a computing service on the AWS. And the major purpose, the main purpose for Fargate is that it provides the right compute capacity for your cluster on AWS. Fargate introduces the serverless computing model as Fargate manages and takes care of your compute infrastructure. So generally, we know that in the serverless model, you are basically using a third party service to run your application. But you have no idea of that service. All you do is just put your application there, it runs it, it takes care of it, and you probably pay to use it. And this is the same ideology that Fargate brings in to containers. So AWS is the one that manages the underlying infrastructure for your containers. And just to be clear here, when I say underlying infrastructure, I mean the compute instances.  So Fargate is currently available for the Elastic Container Service and the Elastic Kubernetes Service, the EKS. So one thing to take note of is that Fargate is not a new service. It's been around since 2017, when it was first released, and two years later in 2019, they released support for the EKS. So first it's rolled out with the ECS, then EKS came along. Then when using Fargate, if you want to know what exactly is going on, you have the integration with CloudWatch, the usage metrics there where you can see what is being used, how long it has been used, and you can also set up alarms to ensure that you do not overspend or you do not exceed certain thresholds and limits. So now back to the question, is Fargate really cost-friendly? I've seen a lot of arguments about this online, and all I would say is it depends largely on your use case. It depends on how you plan to use Fargate. Some people have come up to say that, oh, Fargate is expensive, but one thing I would like everyone to keep in mind when you think about this is that cost is not only the amount you pay, cost also includes the labor and time you spend in running your clusters. So if you are spending a whole lot of time managing these clusters manually, you can also count that as your cost because it's more like a time and labor cost. So in the long run, Fargate pays off because it reduces the time that you spend in managing this infrastructure. Other than you being the one to manage them, why not just ship it off to AWS to manage it for you? Why you pay them to money for it? Then also, if you want to reduce your cost, you also have the Fargate support for full-tolerant applications, although this support is only available for the ECS, not EKS. So if you are familiar with AWS, we have sports instances which allows you to use spare compute instances. They are given to you, but these can be shut down at any time and that's why there's a catch here. Fargate sports would only be used for full-tolerant applications because it could be shut down within a two-minute notice period. Now estimating runtime costs. The AWS pricing calculator allows us to estimate the cost for running a particular service over a period of time. So I'd like to do a quick demo here on how much it would cost to use a service where the EKS and the EKS alone then we proceed to use it with Fargate. First, I would do this with the EKS only. Okay. So for the EKS, the build is being generated based on the amount of cost as that you have running. And this is what I spoke about. Helio, can everyone hear me? Yes, we can hear you. Hello, Wanya, are you there? Yeah, since I went up for this. Okay, so for using the EKS, you're being built based on the cost as that you have running. And you can look at more details on the calculation here. We have the money being generated here and this is justice. So for it, it's like there's a whole lot of things being abstracted for you and AWS just gives you a single bill for you to pay. Now let's take a look at Fargate, right? So now you would notice that there are a lot more fees here on Fargate because Fargate gives you the flexibility to pay for what you request. You can see we have the operating system. The total cost here is being generated based on what we have here. So if I were to increase the amount of the virtual CPUs here and also the number of tax reports for an estimate of five and you can see the pricing has gone up and that is just to demonstrate that you're paying exactly what you request for. It's not like when you're using the EKS and doing where the EKS gives you a lot of things so AWS is just giving you a single bill. But with Fargate, your paying just what you request for and what you're being to making yourself. So back to my slides. So who should use Fargate? Well, the answer is anyone who is bothered about the compute infrastructure for your containers. If you're fine with taking care of your containers yourself or if you're fine with having to do all those manual work I would say you should keep on using the EKS but if you feel tired having to manage the line infrastructure for your clusters I would tell you to use Fargate. If you're wondering who are the leaders of Fargate there are three success stories on the AWS documentation for Fargate. We have some Samsung, Koala and Vanguard who migrated their very large workloads into Fargate. But before you move to Fargate there are several constraints that should keep in mind although they're not much they are relating to networking mostly. Okay, so the current and there are 18 constraints to keep in mind before migrating your workloads into Fargate. Some of these notable constraints are first demon sets are not supported for Fargate. So if you're making use of demon sets you should think twice before moving to Fargate or you can make use of stickers for your cluster. Then two, each pod has some level of isolation as a run within each virtual machine. So each of the pods in your containers all run in a separate virtual machine but these virtual machines are managed by AWS, not you. Then privileged containers and also the pods are available within private subnet. Then the fifth one which I'll talk more on later is that the network load balancers the load balancers that are exposing your application can only make use of IP targets. At the later parts of this talk I will discuss more on this but for now I'll just move forward to how does Fargate work with the EKS. So the way you configure Fargate for EKS is through a profile. A profile is a configuration that has several fields that configure how Fargate works. Within a single cluster you can have several profiles across different environments or namespaces. For example, you could have a profile for the dev section environments and each profile consists of a namespace, a selector and some optional labels. Now this is great because you can have pods within several profiles. The concept of bringing in profiles is for you to be able to organize the pods within your cluster. So if you're like a development pod you can, sorry, if you're having a development profile you can have certain pods within that profile. If you have that for staging you can have the pods within that also. So having several profiles allows you to organize the pods within your cluster. And there are maximum of five selectors within each profile. So the use of these selectors are to organize the profiles. Just, sorry, the use of each selectors are to organize the pods, just like I've said. So when you create a new pod there is a selector attached to it. If you want the pod to be within dev you add the selector for that. So there's like a system where you can organize these things by yourself. Then the scheduling of the cluster pods into Fargate is made through the use of Kubernetes controllers. For those that are familiar with Kubernetes you know that controllers watch the state of the cluster. So as you create a new pod within that cluster it checks if the selectors match between the profile and the pod you're creating. If it's matched it pushes it into that profile that you've created all within Fargate. So I have a mini demo here. I couldn't do a full demo because it takes a lot of time to create a cluster. As we all know. So using Fargate with the elastic Kubernetes service is made possible through the EKS C2. This tool is used generally for managing everything that relates to the EKS. And it also has support for Fargate. Welcome back, Victorine. Can you hear me? Yes, clearly, welcome back. Yeah, apologies. I had a rain fall earlier on. All right, so I stopped using Fargate for the EKS. And the EKS C2 is what we use to create the Fargate profile which runs the pods. So below here is an example image of the Fargate command being used to create the Fargate profile. And one of the things that I love about Fargate is how flexible it is. So you can decide to create the profile at the same time that create the cluster or you can decide to do this before creating the cluster. Oh, sorry. You can decide to create the profile at the point where you create the cluster or you can create the cluster first, then create the profiles later on. But something to note that is that you must use the Fargate flag when creating the cluster because by default, not all EKS clusters have support for Fargate. So at the point where you create a cluster on the EKS, you must specify the Fargate flag so it can create that cluster as a Fargate supported cluster. So the first step to using Fargate is to have the Docker image because the image is your workload, the application that or service you want to run on Fargate. So this is like a preliminary step before creating the Fargate cluster, having the Docker image, then pushing it to the ECR, which is the elastic container registry. When you create your workload, you specify the URL to the ECR repository in the deployment service. So if you are new to this, there are several help commands within the AWS console that will show you how to do this. An example of it is shown here within this image. So actually using Fargate, the first step is to create the EKS cluster. And like I said earlier on, you have to specify the Fargate flag, otherwise it would be created as a normal cluster without the Fargate support. So you execute the EKS CTL creates command, then you specify the Fargate flag attached to that command. Underneath EKS CTL uses CloudFormation with some templates to create the cluster. And it takes a lot of time. I have to mention that if you want to create a cluster, you probably want to do something else on the side because it would take about 20 to 30 minutes roughly before the cluster is fully created. So if I were to do this within this talk, it would take the entire time. Let's assume 30 minutes have passed. We now have a cluster ready. You can view the components of your cluster in the CloudFormation page of the AWS console. We would see the EKS CTL attached to the name of the cluster that you created. Here, a random name was generated because I did not specify the name. If I had specified that name, you'd have seen it here. Here, a beautiful unicorn is, random name was generated for the cluster. Now the next is to create the profile. So the image on the left side here shows the field for a profile. The profile is created as a cluster config type. Then we have the metadata, which consists of the name, which is here, I use Fargate Fastify cluster. And basically within this demo, we'll be imagine that I'm trying to push a Fastify application to the EKS. So Fastify is a Node.js framework for creating servers, for creating backend applications. Pretty much similar to Express.js. That sounds familiar. So within this section here, within the Fargate profile field, I have two profiles being specified. First is the Fastify default profile, with a namespace selector. Then the second one is the Fastify proge profile. So like I said earlier on within this talk, in a single cluster, you can have several profiles for several environments that you have within your application. Here I have the default environments, which is dev, and I have the second one, which is prod. Then the next is to create a deployment resource. On the image, the snippets here on the right is a sample deployment resource field. First we have the name, the namespace, the libels, then the selectors. This would contain two pods. Then down below, I also have the image repo URI. So if you're doing this yourself, you'd have to change that placeholder to the URI of your image within the ECR. Then this is the next interesting part of this talk, which is exposing the application to the internet.  And this is where one of the constraints of Fargate is coming, which is the fifth that I mentioned earlier on. And that is you can only use IP targets with network load balancers and application load balancers. And this is so because you do not have control over the instances. Remember, we said Fargate is used when you want AWS to manage the instances for you. So you cannot use instance targets for Fargate because those instances are not being managed by you, they're being managed by AWS. And to do this, you need to have the AWS load balancer controller installed. And that will be done using Helm. Documentation page contains several steps to have that installed. They are quite lengthy, so I could not put them here. But the installation guide is very thorough. It would guide you through the process of installing the load balancer controller into your cluster. After doing that, when you show you have the load balancer controller installed, you can now proceed to create the load balancer. This is very similar to the load balancers that you might have created in the past if you use EKS in those. But there's a major difference here. And that is it has some annotations which specify the IP target type. You can see three annotations there. And after that we have the selector which matches with the previous ones. Then the ports that you want to expose which is port 5050. That's where the Fastify application would be running. And that's the last step. After this, when you apply all these configurations, you would have a Fargate cluster that runs and that generates very minimal build for you because you're only using what you request for. Unlike the regular clusters I would probably have two instances with it. This would probably have just one for I do. Then as your application grows as you create more ports, those instances would be created automatically by AWS. Then when your demand reduces, they'd also be scaled down for you to ensure that your costs remains minimal and you do not exceed the limits. So for that resources on Fargate, we have the Fargate documentation. Then there's a guide written by one of the AWS solutions architects on Kubernetes to the cloud. Then we also have a guide that talks about the comparison between the EKS and the regular, between EKS supported with Fargate and regular EKS, which you can go through in your spare time. And that's the end of my presentation. I don't know if there's any question from anyone. Can anyone hear me? Yes, I can hear you. That was an awesome presentation. I agree. I feel messed up my presentation. It's fine. I think we had a similar issue yesterday. Please? I'll start to lose this morning. Okay. Yeah, no worries, it happens. Any question anyone, if you have questions later or you are watching this later on YouTube and you want to ask Victor questions, you can reach out to him on Twitter. I am on one on Twitter. Let me also display the name. So it shows, yeah. Okay, is this 01 that is added or which one is incorrect? Let me fix it. There's a 01 at the end of it. Oh, okay. So if you have questions later, we are watching this on YouTube later. You have questions, you can reach out to him on Twitter. Awesome presentation by the way, Victor. Thanks.


The meeting between the officials of the Judiciary Staff Union of Nigeria and the federal government ended on a sad note as the workers walked out on the Minister of Labor and Employment, Chris Ingigay. Sources said that Jusson took the decision with the Parliamentary Staff Association of Nigeria after waiting over one and a half hours for Ingigay while the meeting could not start. It was learned that the Labor leaders arrived for the meeting as early as 3pm but the minister failed to appear after 90 minutes. The visibly angry unionist who chanted solidarity songs shined pleas by some ministry officials to bring them back.