The Cavalcade of America, presented by DuPont, maker of better things for better living through chemistry. To those Americans whose personal sacrifice and heroism secured for our nation its great heritage of free speech and a free press, the right for a man to say what he thinks, this performance of the Cavalcade of America is dedicated. The Cavalcade of America is proud at this time to welcome back to its company Claude Reigns, the distinguished star of stage, screen and radio, in an original drama written by Garrett Porter, as a man thinketh, the story of one of America's great apostles of freedom, Thomas Cooper. Supporting Mr. Reigns are the Cavalcade players, while our orchestra and the original musical score are under the direction of Don Voorhees. DuPont, maker of better things for better living through chemistry, presents Claude Reigns as Thomas Cooper on the Cavalcade of America. Year 1798, in Sunbury, Pennsylvania, the eminent scientist, Dr. Joseph Priestley, stands outside the kitchen door at the home of his friend, Thomas Cooper. Oh, good evening to you, doctor. Good evening, mistress. I hope to have found Tom back. I've reached a point in an experiment where I need his advice. They should be here any minute now, for he knows we're having Yorkshire pudding. Oh, may have he forgot it in some talk with judge buyers after court. Oh, there he is at last, doctor. Thomas, you're late.  Thomas, what's wrong?  They think that politics or what a man thinks is the cause of yellow fever. Tom, Tom, calm yourself. What's happened? What's happened? Anthony Brown's back from Philadelphia with a fever. His wife called me in, but he won't let me prescribe for him. He's been told it's me or Thomas Jefferson who's to blame for the fever. Thomas, please calm yourself and sit down at table. Oh, I've no appetite, Alice. I'm a wrong-headed politician, they say. The yellow fever is a grim visitation of God to purge the foul hearts of believers in liberty and democracy. I wonder what Thomas Jefferson thinks of that. But remember, Tom, freedom of speech has brought trouble before. I have no wish to go through that again. I want to speak to Mr. Jefferson. Mr. Jefferson's vice president, but he can do nothing. To think. When we came to America, it was because here was the promise of living with enlightened people. You know, I think one day soon I'll accept Mr. Jefferson's invitation to Philadelphia. Aye, I would like to talk about things with Thomas Jefferson. Aye, Mr. Jefferson, it was the promise of liberty that brought me to America. Liberty. It's slandered and liable everywhere. What do you think? It's worse even than you realize, Mr. Cooper. But as vice president, sir, you don't have the chance that I do to mingle with the people. I find the same thing. Whether I'm riding the circuit as barrister or practice in medicine, they seem to be afraid of me. They seem to think that because I criticize the party in power, I'm against all government. Not only do the people fear that, Mr. Cooper, but Congress has put it into law and President Adams has signed it. What do you mean, sir? The Congress has just passed an act for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States. Here, read it, if you will. It shall be unlawful to publish false, scandalous and malicious writing against the government of the United States, the Congress or the president with intent to defame them or to bring them into contempt or disrepute. But this is preposterous, intolerable. Nevertheless, a fact. But they won't dare enforce it. It would mean that neither I nor any man may ever criticize the government for its acts. You may not, Mr. Cooper. If the courts hold what you write to be false, scandalous and so forth. But if it is my opinion, how can any man prove the truth of an... Unfortunately, that is what passes for logic these days. Freedom of the press and speech is guaranteed by the Constitution. Yes, at least we thought it was, Mr. Cooper. What do they say? It would be up to the courts. Do you know what that means when our juries are selected by sheriffs who are themselves officers of the courts? Then, sir, this is outrageous tyranny. Worse, Mr. Cooper, it's fear. Fear that men will say what they think. Fear of democracy. Those in power, and I am not one of them, fear these so much they have lost all reason. Why, they have, sir. Here, well, liberty should be real. It may become only a sham. It's not possible in America as in Europe. We must defend it, sir, before it's too late. We shall need your help, Mr. Cooper, but we must proceed cautiously and let the enemies of liberty blunder. They have already blundered with this edition law. Now is the time to act. Will you stop with this, Judge Byers? No, no, thank you, Mr. Cooper. I only dropped in to hear any news Mr. Cooper brought back from Philadelphia. Then if you'll excuse me, I'll tend to my cooking. Well, as I told you, Judge Byers, the news is the Sedition Act. Anything else? Wasn't that enough? Uh-huh. Maybe it'll serve the purpose, I don't know. They know what's best, no doubt, no doubt. But don't you realize that it's plainly unconstitutional? That violates the Bill of Rights. Oh, no, I'd say that was a broad statement, Mr. Cooper. You're building a mountain out of a molehill, as they say. You call it a molehill? Judge Byers. You went through a revolution here in America. You adopted a Constitution and a Bill of Rights. You did all this to achieve freedom. And now you're about to lose it. You already lost it and you don't realize it. Well, you have to take things as you find them, Mr. Cooper, make the best of it. Now what can you or I or any one man do about it? If somebody doesn't do something, nothing will be done. That's certain. I'm gonna make a test case of the Sedition Act. Oh, I wouldn't do anything foolish if I were you, Mr. Cooper. Well, I must be going. Good night, sir. Good night, Judge Byers. I'll, uh, take my advice and sleep on it. Things will look different to you in the morning, I'm sure, and you'll think better of it. Good night. Well, I'll always think the same about this, sir. Good night. Maybe. I hope he changes mind. I'll stay to stop with this, Thomas. Oh, there's no changing Judge Byers' mind tonight, I'm afraid. Alice. Yes? Are you feeling better these days? Well, I think so, Thomas. Why? Do you think you're strong enough to get along without me for, well, two years? Away two years? What could be worth that? An opinion, Alice. An opinion. President Adams says I can't say what I think. I say I can. I just told Judge Byers I intend to make a test of this edition law. This edition law. Why would that take you away two years? If I lose my case, it means a jail sentence. Perhaps two years. I can stand it. If I know you're helpful... I couldn't stop you, Thomas, and I don't want to. What is it you say about President Adams? Oh, nothing that I can't prove. I'll take up his political mistakes one by one, from his own speeches. But won't you be just a little cautious, Thomas, for my sake? Alice, we came to America because we believed in freedom of speech and of the press. My freedom and your freedom to say what we think. This edition law is a challenge to everything I believe. I can't ignore it. I can't be otherwise than I am as a man thinketh. So is he. Yes, Thomas, I want you to do this. Cooper, come in. Come in, sir. Yes, Judge Byers. It's a cold night out. It is. But here's a warm fire.  Well, it was a dull day in court, and I feel the need for a friendly argument. Out of court. This, while I'm sure, will end in court, Judge. How's that? What brings me here tonight, Justice Byers? Is this handbill? Handbill, huh? What's it about? Well, why this criticizes the President. Conduct a foreign affairs, army, navy, credit. But this, this is rank sedition, Cooper, and you put your name to it. I have, sir. But why they can put you in jail for this? According to the Sedition Act, they can, Judge. Look here, Cooper. Has anyone seen this? Outside of my immediate family, sir. You're the first. Then it's not too late. I'll toss it in the fire here and we'll forget all about it. I told you not to do anything foolish like that. Just a minute, Judge. That's not the only copy. It's the official copy. Think what you've done, Cooper. Why, you may be disbarred. Think of your wife. She's not well, I hear. Think of her. I have, sir. And she approves of it. Cooper? I'm sorry you did this. But now that you have, you know what I must do with it. As Justice of the Peace, I'll have to turn this over to the United States District Attorney. That is exactly why I brought it to you, Judge Byers. Thomas Cooper charged with intent to defame the President of the United States and bring him into contempt and to excite the hatred and contempt of the people against him. How does the traverser please? Not guilty. Has the traverser no counsel? I shall act as my own counsel. May it please the court. Mr. Prosecutor, is it your desire to proceed at this time? The traverser has prepared his gift. Your Honor, I ask that subpoenas be issued to the Secretary of State Thomas Pickering and to John Adams, President of the United States. A subpoena to the President or to any member of his cabinet is an impropriety. This court will not issue it. Your Honor, it was my intention to establish the truth of my statements by American law. If a statement is true, there is no libel. This is not a case of ordinary libel, but one of seditious libel that prosecution may proceed. Your Honor, gentlemen of the jury, we're going to prove the publication of foul and infamous falsehoods against the President of the United States and the motives of the traverser in publishing them. An example must be made of the traverser Thomas Cooper or it is not indurable. The traverser take the stand. Thomas Cooper, will the traverser observe the name at the end of the document? That is my name. You do not deny it? Of course not. You admit publication? I do. Will you also admit that your motive was in fact to bring the President into dispute? No. My motive was to prove my right of free speech. Prosecution rests, Your Honor. Your Honor. The defense may proceed. Your Honor, may I request a postponement so that I may secure official copies of the President's speeches? I can show that they support the truth of my statements. Petition denies. Your Honor. The defense will proceed. Your Honor, gentlemen of the jury, I wish to prove my statements true. True by the very words of the man I am accused of defaming. If they are true, they cannot be false and malicious. My words become legitimate criticism of the party in power. Order. Order. I deny that I tried to bring the President into dispute. I examined only his public conduct. And for that, a public official must be accountable to the people who elected him. I credited him with honesty even though I was disappointed in his deeds. The prosecution demands confidence in the executive. There should be. But it should not be unlimited, nor paid up in advance. Let it be earned. It cannot be exacted by a traditional law. It cannot be exacted by curb in the freedom of the press, by prosecutions, pains and penalties on those who boldly express their opposition or upon those who honestly and innocently earn their political sentiments. Unless there is order, the courtroom will be cleared. Gentlemen of the jury, conduct which will not bear investigation will naturally shun it. Whether my opinion be right or wrong, gentlemen of the jury, I cannot help thinking this. It would have been better refuted by evidence and argument than by indictment. Does the defense rest? The defense rests, your honor. Gentlemen of the jury, before you retire to consider your verdict, ask yourselves two questions. Did the traverser publish the matters in the indictment? And did he publish them with intent to defame? Publication is not denied. To my mind, there is no doubt that traverser did intend to dare and defy the government and to provoke established authority. There is then no question as to motives. The charges if true would destroy all confidence in the president. The jury will bear in mind, in arriving at its verdict, that in the opinion of this court, this is the boldest attempt ever known to poison the minds of the people. The United States District Court of the Third District of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania is now in session. The Honorable Justice Chase presiding. Gentlemen of the jury, have you reached the verdict? We have, your honor. We find the traverser guilty. Has the traverser anything to say in mitigation of his fine or punishment? No, your honor. Before fixing the fine, the court requires a statement of your circumstances. The court, of course, may pronounce any punishment it thinks proper, but as for a fine, I depend upon my practice as a barrister and that, of course, will cease upon imprisonment. If the court thought your party would pay the fine, it would impose the limit. Your honor, I had other motives, higher and better, I think, than party. I do not pretend to have no party opinions. But what I have written in America, as in my former country, I honestly thought would be for the freedom of mankind. I do not find those remarks relevant. Sentence will stand at $400 fine and six months in jail. Adjourn. Oh, Thomas. Oh, Thomas. It might be worse, Alice. He might have given me two years. Mr. Cooper, oh, Mr. Cooper. Yes, Senator Mason. Allow me to be the first to congratulate you. Thank you, sir. Mr. Cooper, you're the only one to emerge from this affair with honor. Mr. Cooper. Yes, Jayla. There's a lady outside. She wants to see you, Mr. Cooper. Bring her in, Jayla. Bring her in. Yes, sir. I will, Mr. Cooper. It isn't my wife, is it, Jayla? Allow me. There's precious little light in these jails. Which is, Mr. Cooper, Jayla? Right here, Mom. Mr. Cooper. Oh, I... I hoped it was Alice. I'm sorry. It's me, sir. Alice couldn't come this time. Oh, pardon, Mr. Henry. It's just that I look forward to her visits. I know. It must be hard for you, Mr. Cooper. You see, it's Alice who makes this place enjoyable. But it's good to see an old neighbor again. You were very kind to come in her place, Mistress. Thank you, sir. These are some provisions for you. Alice wanted you to have them today.  And wanted, you say? I've... Let me show you what I brought, sir. Is anything the matter with Alice? Come, what is it, Mistress? Well, sir, you see, Alice was so ill last week. Well, I know that. Something's happened. Jayla! Jayla! Oh, Mr. Cooper, don't. You can't go to her. She's ill, isn't she? Been all week. I've got to see her. Jayla, let me out of here! Open the door! Please, Mr. Cooper. Please, sir. Look at me, Mistress. I want the truth. What's happened? She's dead, isn't she? Yes, Mr. Cooper. Last night.  And all the time, I've been here thinking this was something we'd remember some day. How we'd talk about it. How we'd... look back on it. How it would mean so much to us when we could be together again. And now, everything will be so empty without her. Hello, Mr. Cooper.  I say your term's up, sir. You're free. Free? I'll be no more free outside than I am in this cell. I don't understand, sir. No, I don't suppose you do, Jayla. About my fine, I... I can't pay it right now. Oh, don't you worry about that fine, Mr. Cooper. It's already paid. Your friends did it for you. My friends? They're waiting outside for you now. There's a big grong of them, sir. You're a great man, sir. Well, goodbye, Mr. Cooper. Good luck to you. Goodbye. How it feels to be free? Dear friends. My... my friends. My dear friends. I am deeply touched by your welcome. But I am not a free man yet. Nor are any of you free men. Nor shall we ever be free so long as tyranny can be made law. There's a battle ahead of us. We must still fight until this unjust law is repealed, until the fine you paid for me is repaid in full, until there is no question that citizens of this country have a right to say what they think, until every right of freedom is secure for every man. I call you to this crusade, for there is no end to the battle of liberty. It is the price men must pay for freedom. And a free press make free men freedom, so that you and I may talk folly if we please, so that I may differ from you in politics and religion, and if I'm wrong, freedom to correct my opinion without the persuasion of the Horta or the guillotine. That is America. That is what we mean by a government of the people and for the people. Thomas Cooper, one of the many valiant patriots who fought to maintain our freedom of speech and our freedom of the press, the freedom that still enables an American to say what he thinks. It was half a century after his trial and 11 years after his death that Congress not only refunded his fine, but granted him complete vindication. But the American people granted it long before.  He lived to become a judge, a teacher and president of the University of South Carolina. It is for his ultimate triumph which preserved the great doctrine of freedom of speech as guaranteed in the Bill of Rights that Thomas Cooper takes his place in the Cavalcade of America. Our thanks to Claude Reigns and the Cavalcade players for their performance of As a Man Thinketh, the story of Thomas Cooper. In honoring the memory of Thomas Cooper, whose courage helped to safeguard the Bill of Rights, the Cavalcade of America pays tribute to many leading organizations in their efforts to set aside the week of February 17th to 23rd as Bill of Rights Week, a reminder to all Americans of this priceless heritage. And now the DuPont Company brings you its story from the wonder world of chemistry. In 1774, just two years before Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence, Tom Cooper's friend Joseph Priestley discovered oxygen. That discovery laid the foundation for chemistry as a science. As a result of it, the great French chemist Lavoisier in whose laboratory young E.I. DuPont was a student was able to explain the process of combustion and organize the previous jumble of chemical observations into a science of chemistry. Thus, chemical science is roughly the same age as the American Republic. What mighty growth has been seen in each. The initial discovery of oxygen which played such an important part in the very beginnings of the science was the basis of one of the current chemical aids to health. Certain types of bacteria which are not readily reached or entirely destroyed by the usual disinfectants may develop in damaged tissue. For these, an oxygen-releasing compound, zinc peroxide, was prepared which would slowly but continuously flood the wound with oxygen over a period of hours or days. This delicate but all-important chemical timing process produces effective treatment in these special surgical cases. DuPont research played an important part in the development of a zinc peroxide which will meet exacting requirements for surgical use. Another chemical aid to modern medicine is carbamid, a compound the chemist makes from the nitrogen of the air. A problem that had baffled doctors for years was that of slow healing tissue. Spectacular progress has been made in treating slow healing wounds with carbamid. Carbamid does not instantly kill germs, yet germs begin to disappear when it is used. It is not a cleanser in the ordinary sense, yet wounds treated with carbamid seem to clean themselves. Apparently the chemical works by stimulating the growth of healthy tissue. It has been used with success in treating infected burns and a large variety of skin infections and has even been found to soften scar tissue. Moreover, it is readily available and inexpensive, so that with the advice of their physicians, people with poison ivy or severe sunburn may treat or prevent infection by filling a whole bathtub with carbamid solution and literally bathing in it. These are only two representative examples of the many aids which the chemical industry is putting at the disposal of the medical profession. So in the field of health too, chemists at work in DuPont research laboratories are bringing you better things for better living through chemistry. And now Ted Joyett of the Cavalcade Players to tell you about next week's program. Ladies and gentlemen, next week the Cavalcade of America will present the popular young American actress Jean Muir in a tender and moving radio play, Wait for the Morning. It is a drama based on the life of Emily Dickinson and her unfulfilled romance and the years of loneliness during which she wrote the enduring love poems which immortalized her as one of our most American poets. Thank you. For the material of our Cavalcade play, we wish to acknowledge our indebtedness to the biography of Thomas Cooper, the public life of Thomas Cooper, written by Dr. Dumar Malone of Harvard University. In support of Claude Reigns were the Cavalcade players. William Johnstone was Thomas Jefferson, Agnes Moorhead was Alice Cooper, Carl Swenson was Judge Byers, Edwin Jerome was Justice Chase, Jeanette Nolan was Mistress Henry and John McIntyre the prosecuting attorney. The first Cavalcade of America is Clayton Collier, sending best wishes from Dupont. This is the National Broadcasting Company.


Ond ydych chi'n gwybod, mae hynny'n bywch chi'n fawr eich oedol. Mae yna'r ddweudgo cyflogau 1 o un o'r un o'r Union Unid Genedlaeth Blynedig, ac rwy'n un o'r un o'r Llyfrgell yma'r Union Unid, o'r Ffranco-Germyn cwestiynau. ac yn y bwysig o'r renegosiad y Llywodraeth Llywodraeth. Rwy'n gweithio ar gyfer Dr Clare de Mesime o'r Ffranco-German Ysgrifennu ar y Degar P, yr Ysgrifennu Ysgrifennu Ysgrifennu, ac Dr Christine Putz oedd yr Ysgrifennu Ysgrifennu o'r union o'r Ysgrifennu Hainrych Berl. Rwy'n gweithio ar gyfer Dr Clare de Mesime o'r Ffranco-German Ysgrifennu ac yn drwy'n gyflwytu. Rwy'n gweithio ar gyfer Dr Clare de Mesime o'r union o'r Ffranco-German Ysgrifennu ac yn y bwysig o'r Ffranco-German Ysgrifennu, fyddwn i'r Llywodraeth. Mae'n fuddion o'i wneud at eich unig o'r gweithio yn ddechrau i'r Wyrdd Cymraeg Tyw Llywodraeth. Oh, right, okay. It was the trouble with the passport control. We are very glad to be with you today and to exchange with you on this topic. You know, today, yesterday, we have a European summit, so it's a big event. We are too, so believe it or not, our presentation is divided into two parts. First of all, Cristina will present the German and the French expectations regarding the future of Europe and the differences between both logics. After that, I'll go on to the consequences on this for the European integration in the next future. But before we start, I'd like to emphasise the paradox of the Franco-Germ cooperation in the current context. On the one hand, the Franco-Germ machine has been running at top speed since the formation of a new government in Berlin in spring 2018. There are lots of high-level meetings and many political resources are mobilised to achieve compromises on several European topics. In addition to that, and you said it, France and Germany want to finalise a new bilateral treaty, Traité de l'Élysée in French, in order to boost their cooperation. The last one, or the first and last one, was signed in 1963. Yet on the other hand, it's the paradox, agreements are sparse and they remain far from Macron's European ambitions. It's not just disappointing because the window of opportunity for new initiatives is now closing as the European elections approach. This paradox makes it difficult to understand the state of the relationship, to measure its quality. But before we talk about the outcomes, the compromises, we will speak about the differences. So, Christina, the floor. Thank you Claire for the introduction and thank you for the invitation. I would like to put forward the following questions. Why are agreements between Germany and France so difficult to achieve nowadays? And what are the underlying discrepancies? First of all, I want to question that agreements between France and Germany are more difficult to achieve nowadays than earlier. It's true that important reforms and integration steps in the past have been initiated by the Franco-German leader doing, leading dole, but they have ever been compromises and in most times largely negotiated. So Franco-German partnership has never been free of discrepancies. What I want to demonstrate is that the different priorities of today are shaped by underlying long-term motives in European politics of France and Germany. The discrepancies can be traced back to life motives of the European integration process at the very beginning. For France, there is a great need for symmetry whereas the most important German motive is the need for stability. Let me explain. For France, the main goal of European unification after the end of the Second World War was to satisfy its vital security need. The Schumann Plan of 1950, it's the basis of the European integration, is a classic and praise strategy. It aims to control the German Federal Republic, the new born Germany, Western Germany through its integration. Until today, French politics is still focused on controlling the German neighbor and maintaining a symmetry to him or to be more realistic not to let the gap become too large. The underlying motive is the fear of German dominance. Accordingly, French looked very closely to the German neighbor. Whenever Germany took steps that threatened French desire for symmetry, alarm beds were ringing in Paris and French reflexes were triggered. Control Germany by integration. In this sense, it's not surprising that French European politics is characterized by many initiatives in order to integrate the neighbor in common structures. France has repeatedly made proposals for economic and foreign policy integration. Also, the economic and monetary union adopted in 1992 was the French price for German unification. So, France strategy hasn't changed since. France is still the driving force for new integration steps. Regarding the proposition of Emmanuel Macron from this perspective can help to understand them better. What's about Germany? Whereas French European policies highly focus on Germany and driven by the desire for symmetry, Germany's need is economic stability. This need is also an expression of the German inflation trauma. I remember the hyperinflation in the 1920s and the current seary form of 1948 and translated into claims for budgetary discipline and strong rules. Saving money in Germany has become a moral virtue. So, Germany is seen for many partners as a disciplinarian. Since post for Germany was not allowed to have an own sovereign foreign and defence policy, Germans focused ambition on economy. After the German economic miracle in the 1950s, Germans saw themselves at the same time as a political dwarf and as an economic giant in Europe. Closely linked to this duality is the self-perception of being the paymaster of Europe. This paymaster thesis is often used as a complaint about too little political influence on European partners. In the political debates in Germany, the paymaster thesis is rejected by the argument that Germany profits in many ways of the European Union and that profits and costs are very well balanced. But the more powerful sceptical forces are in the German political debate as it is nowadays with the right-wing party AfD, the more likely is the paymaster role of Germany in the European decision-making processes. Regarding Germans' reactions on Macron's proposition from this perspective can also help to understand them better. How to explain the different priorities in dealing with the actual crisis? I would like to focus on three major discrepancies and look at the patterns of perception behind them. The first pattern of perception is pragmatic versus visionary. Traditionally, French leaders are seen by Germans as utopianists proposing large plans for European future to their partners. When Macron, as new French president, made propositions for further integration steps like a budget for the Eurozone or a common defence doctrine, German leaders react as so often with caution or even with subsistion. On the French side, such caution is generally seen as immobility and even as bad will. On the German side, such propositions often are seen as unclear, unrealistic and overall as expensive at the expense of the German budget. You can see behind these discrepancies at the one hand the aim to integrate Germany in common decision-making processes. And on the other hand, the fear of being abused as paymaster. Second pattern of perception, cohesion versus integration. Macron's priority is to make Europe stronger and more effective by further integration steps. A Europe of different speeds is seen as a good way to achieve further integration. Moreover, being reticent to French proposition, Germany put forward cohesion in the European Union as first priority. While France is concerned to move forward as far as possible, Germany is looking for smaller steps so that as many members as possible could be involved. Behind you can see the need for symmetry in the French case and the dissentiation from the Germans. Third pattern of perceptions, control versus solidarity. From the German perspective, more integration should provide the European Commission with more control over member states. Whereas from the French perspective, more integration means more solidarity and more common investments. The idea of a finance minister for the Eurozone demonstrates the two perspectives very well. According to the French logic, such a minister should be responsible for a common budget. This budget should enable the member states to make common investments and above all to help each other in case of financial problems. According to the German logic, a finance minister should control the economic and budgetary policy of the member states and call them to order if they do not comply with the European common rules. Common money should not be provided unconditionally by a budget for the Eurozone but by a European monetary fund which would impose reforms or even restructuring programmes in return for financial help. It is very clear all three patterns of perception combine the respective underlying basic motives of France and Germany. France has a certain nostalgia for the good oil core Europe which allowed France to stay geographically and politically in the centre of Europe and to be more in balance with Germany than in the euro of today. Germany searches its way how to fulfil the new role as central power within the European Union which has to guarantee cohesion. In this setting, partnership with France is an important but not the only component. To summarise, France and Germany have a clear continuity in their European policy. There is a high degree of past dependency in the priorities which are shaped by the basic motives. The understanding of these underlying motives leads not automatically to concrete common politics but help to a better understanding of the negotiation settings. How to know what is negotiable and what is not negotiable and where are the red lines. So this kind of empathy and understanding could be the first step to find solutions and compromises. Germany has the historical responsibility to recognise French vital security needs and has to be open for new integration steps. France, on the other hand, should comply with German claims for economic stability and binding rules. Okay, with this knowledge and understanding, what should be the priorities of German-French partnership? That's what we will hear now from my colleague Claire, please. Thanks, Christina. Yes, I would like to come back to three important topics for the European Union and its future. The results reform, of course, migration and asylum, and defence and security. For the three topics, I will present the compromises made by Macron and Merkel during their meeting in Meyserberg last June. And I would put them in the European context, referring to the intra-European blockages. So let's start with the Eurozone reform. I don't have to tell you that Macron has a very ambitious project for the Eurozone, which is to create a Eurozone budget managed by Minister of Finance. You said it himself, monitored by Eurozone Parliament. And of course, such an idea is far from being commonly approved in Germany, and Christina talked about the reasons. And yet, in June, in Meyserberg, Germany, the two governments have not only agreed on a reform of the banking union, they also announced in Meyserberg that they want to create a budget for the Eurozone. So it was quite surprising when you consider Germany's traditional reluctance on this issue. And at first sight, I must say, the compromise could be, or this announce could be interpreted as a concession from Germany to France. But in fact, this compromise remains very vague since neither the amount nor the functioning of this budget has been specified. For Paris, it must be permanent and significant between 1 and 2% of the GDP in order to help states in difficulty and to finance common investments. If such a Eurozone budget ever comes out, I don't know if it will be the case, but if the German government will make sure that it is not a blank check and will insist that funds be aimed at specific and important, temporary limited projects, like infrastructures or digitalization. So you see, we have a kind of empty compromise, which means everything and it's opposite. What about the European context? In other parts of Europe, you know it, I think there is strong opposition to the project. Firstly, in several EU member states in Northern Europe, the so-called Hanseatic Leica and Ireland is part of it and the Netherlands has become the spokesperson, the unofficial spokesperson. And the argument of these countries is that the reinforcement of the Eurozone can only pass through the respect of the budgetary rules. Just please no more money transfers. In addition to that, there are a second opposition in Poland and in other central European countries, which fear that such a budget will entail a reduction of the European budget, from which they profit, of course. And that states that don't belong to the Eurozone, like Poland, will be sidelined from important EU decisions. Berlin, of course, is sensitive to this opposition and that's why it has accepted such a budget on condition that modalities are defined with the other member states of the Eurozone and of the EU. And since half of them are opposed to it, it's not likely to succeed. Let's go on to the second topic, migration and asylum policy, which is probably the field in which France and Germany are the closest, at least currently. Well, of course, Germany's decision to suspend the Dublin regulation in August 2015, followed by the arrival of more than one million refugees in the country, put the cooperation with France to a serious test, and not only with France. In this period, the two countries, France and Germany, had radically different interests and could therefore hardly reach an agreement. But from Eurozone 2015 onwards, controlling migration movements has become their common goal again. What has contributed to this change is, well, the threat of the AFD, the new far-right political party, the pressure of the CSU or CSU. I don't know how do you... CSU, yeah. CSU, okay. The question social union within the governmental majority and the dissatisfaction of a part of the population. From this moment on, both France and Germany have insisted on protecting the EU's external borders and on strengthening the operational capacities of front-ex, and they had a certain success in doing so. But with regard to the quotas for the distribution of refugees, Franco-German cooperation has had no impact. The idea was taken up by the European Commission, okay, but the four states of the Visegrad group are vehemently opposed to it. And in fact, the divide in the EU on this issue is so deep that Franco-German cooperation is not able to overcome it. In other words, is not able to play its role as a driving force in the EU. At the same time, both countries are seeking for middle- and long-term solutions for the whole EU. And as they announced in Mesaberg in June, they want to establish a European asylum system with a common asylum authority. The idea sounds interesting, sounds ambitious, but it would imply to have a distribution of refugees within the EU, which the states of Visegrad reject. So once again, it will be very difficult to achieve a successful outcome on this topic. Third and last issue, defence and security. Well, you know it, it's not new. In this field, France and Germany don't share the same vision, but they are willing to cooperate, or at least to better cooperate. The reason for this is of course international instability and the uncertainties about the transatlantic partnerships in Trump's election. In a European Union after Brexit, France is to be deprived of a major partner in security issues. And at the same time, there is a new discourse in Berlin. You certainly, or you maybe, you may remember the Beattent speech of Merkel last year. She said that Europeans must now take their destiny into their own hands. And France is the partner best equipped to cooperate with Germany on these issues. Not only because it claims traditional leadership on diplomacy and security issues, but also because the two states have a long history of cooperation on these matters. For example, on the peace process in Ukraine or in the Iran nuclear deal. So much for the good news. You certainly want to know the bad news. The bad news Paris and Berlin don't have the same priorities. From a French perspective, the key issue is remains terrorism. So France mainly looks south to Africa and to the Middle East. Germany in turn tends to look east. In addition from these geographical priorities also derive different preferences for defence policy. While defence in the south for France is about crisis management, a potential Russian threat requires measures to strengthen collective territorial defence for Germany. Last point about priorities, France put defence traditionally in an EU framework, l'Europe de la défense for French speaking people here, while Germany primarily bets on NATO. And these different priorities make operational cooperation between France and Germany difficult. Very difficult. The best example for that remains the discussion about PESCO, the so-called Permanent Structured Corporation, which was activated in the wake of Brexit. Both countries played a decisive role in it, but with different ambitions. France wanted to use PESCO in order to make the EU a more effective security actor, with a clear focus on operations. Berlin in turn insisted on the necessity of an inclusive PESCO. Inclusion is very important for the thinking of Europe in Germany. Germany wanted PESCO to have as many EU members participating as possible. In addition to that, Germany put priority on capabilities instead of on operations like France. In the end, the French are frustrated and have launched a new initiative called European Intervention Initiative, in order to develop closer defence cooperation outside the European Union. As a result, European defence is nowadays lacking ambitious Franco-Germ leadership, and without it it will be impossible to get things moving in this field. To conclude, what is the state of the Franco-Germ relationship? First, there is a significant gap between the discourse on friendship, for example with the preparation of a new Elysée Treaty on the one hand, and the outcomes of the bilateral cooperation on the other hand. This gap creates frustration in France but also in Germany, and this gap puts Macron in difficulty because he promised a lot about and for Europe. In my opinion, the search for harmony is a trap for the Franco-German cooperation because it doesn't make it possible to find real compromises. Therefore, I think both countries must stop fleeing conflicts and return to a mode of what I call productive antagonism, so to build real compromises. And to do this, they must accept their differences. Secondly, I hope I'm not too long. Secondly, the European context has changed of course. Even France and Germany make compromises. They are no longer able to convince their partners. Not only because the EU has become bigger and more complex, that's clear, but also because there are several dividing lines within the EU itself. Visegrat, et cetera, or the Hanseatech League. These developments have effects on the Franco-German tandem's capacity to generate consensus and even more on its ability to be a motor for European integration. In this context, France and Germany must rethink the way they include their European partners in order to fulfil their primary function to reach compromises. Thirdly, with the campaign to the European elections next year, while the campaign has begun or will soon begin, in this context, Franco-German cooperation will be even more complicated. Emmanuel Macron is seeking to form a progressive alliance that will compete with the Conservative parties and therefore with Merkel's Conservative CDU. In other words, until the elections, Macron and Merkel will be partners and competitors. The window of opportunity for Franco-German initiatives in Europe is now closing. I guess the elections won't just be a little break. After that, it will take time to find a new momentum. I hope I'm not too pessimistic and of course I'm glad. We are glad to know your opinion, to know your view about the Franco-German cooperation. Just to clarify things, I'm still hopeful.


What is the difference between Shiva and Buddha is not an appropriate question. Which aspect of Shiva did Buddha explore? He explored the path of awareness, which is one aspect. It's very unidimensional, but the significance of Gautam Buddha is he is very scientific, clinical. He appeals to the logical mind. But he is like… he also said like this, many times he was an ascetic, he just sat unmoving. But many times he was a mad, dancing, drunk. He was in all kinds of states because he didn't limit himself to any particular dimension. He just explored every aspect of life. But unfortunately, I am always strongly feeling about this. This is one being who has not been sufficiently acknowledged for the work that he has done, not as a god, for the work that he has done, for the knowledge that he has spread, for the capability and empowerment that he did to humanity, the work that he did on human consciousness, for that he has not been sufficiently acknowledged. That's one of my wishes that in the next hundred years this one being must find more acknowledgement because what he has done, no other being has done on this planet, no other. I have enjoyed being his partner and I know the depth and the dimension of his work. He has not found even a fragment of acknowledgement that he deserves. Just saying somebody is a god is not good. As a being, what work he has done, he needs to be acknowledged for that. Generally it's believed this is somewhere forty to sixty thousand years ago that he started his work.   By the time I am done with my life, I'm sure I will leave him little more popular than the way he is today.


So a month ago or so my buddy gave me this a nice little wall mount for holding electronics Although I'm not 100% sure what I'm gonna do with it now I plan on packing it full of raspberry pies and other mini computers So I'm gonna talk about that a little bit more on my second channel So be sure to check out the link into the description at the end of this video to check out that if you want to See more about that. I also would love to hear suggestions So again, I talked about a little bit more about the hardware over there Things like the computer it originally came with and this nice little solid state drive with the little silver button there that I love I love And mini computers like this little tiny $15 router that's running open WRT open DWRT open W open open WRT Yes, yes, it's running Linux and a bunch of other mini computers that I had in that video I'm gonna talk, you know a little bit about that little router and what I'm doing with that as far as you know Looking for new network devices and sending myself signals and just I'm also looking for ideas So go over there comment watch watch video comment. Let me know what you think I should do anyway Thanks for watching as always. I hope that you have a great day. Visit filmsbychris.com Bye


You can hear it okay. Hi there. My name is John Villalobos. I'm with Intel Corporation. This is Vasil Cienko with Marantis and also Vlad Druck, also with Marantis.  It's about our experiences in adding grenade support to ironic. So this is our unofficial mascot and grenade. Today we wanna talk about how we made grenade work in ironic. And we'll be going over what is grenade and ironic, grenade as a plugin, the phases of grenade, and then Vasil will be going into depth in networking of ironic in dev stack and grenade. Vlad will be going into depth about grenade testing difficulties that we had for ironic. And then we're gonna be discussing future work that we have. So what is grenade, why do we wanna use it? Grenade is a test harness to exercise the open stack upgrade process between releases. So what we do is we bring up stable, the previous stable branch, so in this case stable Newton, and we test it, upgrade it, run it, and test it again. And so this allows us to do a cold upgrade as opposed to rolling upgrades. So rolling upgrades, no downtime, hopefully no downtime, we're cold upgrade, we actually bring everything down, upgrade the database, upgrade the services, and bring it up. So this is a step in our goal to get to rolling upgrades. And there's a link there to grenade docs. And if you didn't know what ironic is, ironic is used for bare metal provisioning and normally go through the Nova service to launch bare metal nodes. And if you have your own project and you would like to run grenade as a plugin for your project, just a little tip here. You need to create, like we did, we created open stack ironic dev stack upgrade settings file and your project open stack foo, dev stack upgrade settings file, you have to create one of those. And project config, you're gonna need create a grenade job. And one of the key points is in that project config change, you need to set the grenade plugin RC environment variable to point to your project so that it knows that grenade will be run as a plugin. So grenade has various resource phases. Initially, we start up dev stack, run off of the stable Newton in this case, start the services, run a smoke test, and then we do various phases such as the early create phase. This might be networking setup. Then we have the create phase, create resources, for example, Nova will create a user security groups, et cetera. So when we're talking about grenade, we are upgrading everything, not just ironic. It's gonna be upgrading Nova, Neutron, things like that. Then we have the verify pre-upgrade phase. We verify that these resources were created. Then we shut everything down. This is what I was talking about, cold upgrade.  So things that don't need the services up, but should still be working. So in our case, we ping, we ping a bare metal system. Then we upgrade to the current master with the proposed patch, because we run this in our gate. So we upgrade current master with the proposed patch and start the services. Then we do a verify again, post-upgrade phase, destroy phase, and Veseal will be going into detail about how these things impact our networking and other things.  And now I'm gonna give it to Veseal. Yeah, so. What should you know first before I start talking about networking? So as John mentioned, Ironic works with hardware servers, but on CI, we emulate them by KVM VMs. And Ironic requires several things. It requires access to VM during provisioning from control plane. So we need to have L3 connectivity between conductor and VM during provisioning. That's why the networking looks a little bit complex. So on this slide, on this picture, you can see how networking connection in Neutron with OVS looks like before we added an Ironic VMs. So important thing is that when we create a new network in Neutron, Neutron pick random internal tag for this network. You can see this tag on ports inside integration bridge. Then Neutron connects its namespaces, router namespace and dashspnamespace and set the tags inside integration bridge. The next step is to create barometer bridge and create Ironic nodes. The next step is to set up connection between nodes and Neutron network. So we should pick and set the right tag on the OVS tab port inside integration bridge. And only after this, we can launch base smoke tests as we have network connectivity to VMs. The next thing what is happening is early create phase. During this phase, we create the resources. We create a new network. Actually, it's more Neutron resource than Ironic, but we need to create it because we need non-overlapping IP subnet. And on this picture, you can see that when we created a new network, Neutron picked tag 20 and set them on appropriate ports. So now we need to make sure that our new network, our new Neutron resource works, so we need to move our VMs to this new network. At this step, we do not create and do not enroll more Ironic nodes because in real environment, when you have, they are already in the cluster, right? So we need to change the tag on the OVS tab and only after this, we can verify resource. The next thing that is happening, we run create-verify-resource phase. We created an instance. It was placed on one of Ironic nodes and then we launch verification, which is just actually pink instance. Next step is to shut down all services and make sure that our resources are accessible when services are in shutdown state. So we shut down services and verify that resources are available. Next step is to upgrade our components. So we upgrade them, run the immigration and start the services. Important point here is that when we started Neutron, Neutron picked a new tag for previous network. So now private network is tagged with tag 11 and Ironic grenade with tag 21. But our VMs are still connected and marked with tag 20. So the next step is to fix it and update the tag value on OVS tab interface. At this moment, VMs, Ironic nodes back connected to grenade network so we can safely verify that resource is alive. The next step is to destroy resources so we destroy instance, we destroy networks that we created and now we should move Ironic nodes back to private network. So we just update tag value to the 11 on this example and run smoke test on upgraded environment. At this point, I will give microphone to Vlad. Thanks. So what are the difficulties that we encountered during this when we started grenade testing? So first of all, Ironic hypervisor is a bit different from other Nova hypervisors. First of all, we obviously cannot create hardware node. We need to use what is created by DevStack in our case or what is present in real data center or whatever. So in the grenade job, we have seven VMs that are created inside the DevStack VM and we use them. Apart from that, we have cleaning which also doesn't have any analogs in other hypervisors. So this brings some inconsistencies between the state of the Nova instance and Ironic node because when the request to delete an instance comes into Nova we just call to Ironic to essentially update ports and remove instance UID from a node and the instance is considered deleted. But on Ironic side, it can still be cleaning and this cleaning is enabled by default as the node goes through cleaning and instances cannot be scheduled on it. So the tests. We have seven VMs as I said on the previous slide. One of them will be used for verification. So on the resources create phase the instance will be put on one of the nodes and in smoke tests we usually don't run anymore than three instances in a single test. So we are pretty safe to run smoke tests with concurrency one which is what we are doing. So right before the target smoke test the situation might look like the following so we might have still three nodes in cleaning. It's unlikely because well cleaning takes at least usually less time than the deployment so during the time when the node on the verification phase was deployed cleaning should have already been done. But this situation is possible and we have three nodes available so we can continue with target smoke run and proceed. Also some tests were skipped or worked around so some features cannot work with Ironic. For example one of the examples is disk config which extends the partition on the instance up to the end of the disk. In Ironic we don't use it it just always extends until the end of the disk in case of X file systems. Also networking service ports remain down because we don't have an ML2 driver that actually bints them and we are working on solving this problem and I think we already have a way forward so I think it will be done pretty soon. So after all of that was done we have eight requests to boot an instance during one smoke run. So basically we boot eight instances on base smoke test and eight instances in target smoke. And for comparison in full tempers the last time I looked there were 154 requests to boot an instance so it will take significantly more time than it currently does and usually when we run a single instance it takes around five minutes to boot pin or SSH into it checks that everything is fine and delete and clean it so everything combined is around five or five and a half minutes so 154 will be a bit longer and because of that we need a multi-node job so we can at least run it more concurrently. So another thing that after we started running grenade we've discovered one issue this is the one that we don't version Aaronic Python agent which is an agent that is run on a node being deployed and it led to proposing proposal of a spec to actually version it. So the problem was we just added a couple of parameters to one of the functions in Aaronic Python agent and in the same release immediately we started using them so all the agents from previous releases were just broken they were returning type error as a response to this request so for now we just cart it around checking just if it's type error we retry without those. Another thing is to take into account is that some parts of your DevStack plugin may be used by both old release of your project and new release so they have to be written in a way that allows just this old and new version work. So in our case there were some comments in DevStack plugin OpenStack client comments that were not working on older release because they just were not present in older release. And so all of this is about that backward compatibility is important so if you have separate parts like separate projects in your separate moving parts or if I can say that in your project that need to coexist and communicate between each other you need to either ensure that they are the same version well we could just upload a new IPA image in glance and we wouldn't have encountered this problem or you should somehow communicate the backwards compatibility and guarantee that for example at least one release difference between your components should work. So multi-node is our next step in this work. The networking setup will be even more complex than what was shown above and this multi-node job will help us to test rolling upgrades which is upgrading for example API or conductor and ensuring that they can communicate properly and everything still works. Also to test multiple compute or multiple conductor environments we do not test that and we actually have some problems with takeover in multiple conductor scenarios with some drivers they are being fixed and also to increase test concurrency because for full tempers we need multi-node job otherwise we won't make it in three hours. I think I'm live. So one of the things that Vlad was talking about is we're working on the multi-node grenade so this is to support the rolling upgrade testing and we'd love to get assistance on that that's one priority for us for this cycle is to get that going we're almost there on multi-node without grenade the patches are in place and working we just need to get them merged and then we're going to be adding the grenade to that along the grenade testing to that and we do have a weekly meeting every week Wednesday at 1700 UTC I think and there's also an Etherpad tracking our progress in getting the multi-node grenade working and to summarize went over what is grenade why we want it grenade phases grenade is a plug-in the networking of ironic and dev stack and grenade and as you can see from that networking of ironic and dev stack we have a much more complicated situation I think than most projects out there due to the fact that we have VM simulating bare metal nodes and then the grenade testing difficulties for ironic one of the things to me was good is that the IPA issue that Vlad talked about it helped us discover an error in our backwards compatibility so that was the goal for this grenade job is finding issues hopefully if we had had that grenade running earlier the error never would have occurred because we would have caught it but now we do have grenade running in the gate at all time and then we'll continue working on our our future work and I think we went a little quick but thank you and I just wonder if anybody had any questions for us and a link here to an etherpad page where there's the presentation is available if you want to get it and other links are available there I'm going to gather downtime measures somehow during the upgrade procedure excuse me? I'm going to gather downtime metrics during the upgrade procedure I don't know well the goal of the rolling upgrades is we have with the multi-node we're going to have two conductor running, two APIs services running and we'll bring one down upgrade it and bring it back up and then bring the second one down bring it back up so the goal is that the services will continue to run the whole time but the the whole service won't be down there will always be something there to do the work so that's our goal is that we don't have downtime but I'm not sure if you have comments about downtime metrics right so with API it should be we bring one down but the other one will continue to run we upgrade the one that's down bring it up and then we bring down the one that's broken or not broken but stable and then upgrade it so at that point all the API services are upgraded that is the goal is to rolling upgrade down them and bring them up while continuing to have ones that are working any other questions? I can repeat or find a mic so the question was did I say that we use the stable branch for all the projects and yes the answer is yes we do that and was wondering if does that mean that everything else does work for this test and if they're broken would it break us and the answer to both of those is yes so if let's say Nova didn't work on an upgrade then our grenade job would fail but Nova is already doing they're doing grenade and they're doing grenade multi-nodes so they're ahead of us on there and our dependencies are Neutron, Nova Swift Gland's Keystone so we do depend on them and yes if they broke that would be a problem so the question is does it matter if we're going to upgrade so grenade does have ordering in there right now on how things are upgraded so they're in no mark order I forget which ones are upgraded first but we add ours in there I think we get upgraded after Nova is that correct? yeah so we're upgraded after Nova we're able to specify that there's an ordering to that and we have not yet gotten to the so when we do ours we're not going to be upgrading like Nova one piece at a time for the multi-node as far as I know we're going to be focusing on just our conductor our API because that's already you know 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, so you know the goal is testing it old and new run the test okay now new run the test then go to the API old new run the test and then both new run the test which I do have concerns of how long that will take I don't know if if they share my concerns over how long it will take but I wonder how long it will take okay good excuse me do we have plans for standalone I think it should be covered by our current job too so standalone ironic the project related to standalone ironic is called defrost and I think that grenade job should be set up there right yeah yeah yeah yeah I mean we don't explicitly test standalone though standalone seems somewhat like a subset of a subset of what we do test the one thing we do want to add and we've put in an RFE about it is adding a grenade job for IPA to make sure that it continues to work as stable with new ironic but we do want to get that in there but that's unrelated to standalone yes sorry correct yes he correct me he said it's new IPA with old ironic any other questions well thank you very much for your time


We're going to have a look at the show. 15 minutes after 11 on this Saturday morning. It's time to see can we give away a pair of wireless earbuds on the show this morning exclusive to the Saturday morning rewind. You can't get them in the shops. You can't get them on any other show only here on a Saturday morning. I'm going to contest and standing by on the line looking to have a go and see can they get their hands on these earbuds this morning or how are you? Are you well? I'm fine. Good, good, good. Since you're sitting back listening, sitting back relaxing listening to the radio this morning. Yes, I am enjoying that. I like your style. I like your style. Good stuff. Well, let's see. Can we give you a pair of wireless earbuds this morning? All right. That is what we're here to do. Okay. It's very simple. I have a list Bridget of random items in front of me. I've never seen the list before, but what I'm going to do is I am going to describe as many of those items as I can in the space of one minute. From my description, you have to guess what each item is. All right. If you don't know one, just say pass and we'll move on. You're not penalized, but it just means we can move on a bit quicker. All right. So if you don't think you know one, just say pass and we'll move on. All right. Okay. Okay. So I'm going to give you an example. Yeah. All right, Bridget. Your time starts now. This is an item you have in your bathroom. You use it to dry your hands or to dry yourself when you get out of the shower or the bath. The more it dries, the wetter it gets. Correct. This is an item of cutlery.  When you set the table, you know that usually a gentleman would wear if they're going somewhere special, going to a wedding or maybe if they're going for a job interview. It usually comes in three pieces. Three pieces. Correct. This is something that you might have in your toolbox. It's also a type of cocktail or a type of drink. You would use it to twist a metal item into the wall if you want to use it. It's also a cocktail. Correct. This is a dairy item. You have it in your fridge. You get it from a cow. Put it in your tea. Just after the buzzer. You didn't pass on any of them. You managed to get one, two, three. You got four of them, Bridget. That's been a winning score before, believe it or not. Don't write all hope off just like that. That's a good one. Thanks. There is someone online to look into challenge your score. We're saying good morning to Raymond Doherty and Bally buffet. Good morning to your Raymond. You're sitting back, you're reading and relaxing this morning. It seems to me like everybody's relaxing except me. Would it be right to say that? Yeah. I'm reading 1517 to Paris. 1517 to Paris? It's based on a true story of three-act servicemen in America that spoiled a terrorist or something. Right. Very good. I want to cook a chapter. What are you thinking so far? Are you going to stick with it? I'm going to stick with it. I'm going to stick with it. You're doing not so bad. Will you get it done by the end of the day? How long would it normally take you now? No, no, no. I have to watch us. Well, that's true. How long would it normally take if you got your teeth into a book? How long would it take you to go from start to finish? Probably a couple of days. The funny books you can put down. Very good. Do you read a book book or have you gone towards the Kindle now, the e-book? No, no, no. I'll stick with the paper. Do it the old-fashioned way. All right, Raymond. I have a pair of wireless earbuds to give you here this morning. Bridget has already had her go. She's got a score of four. Four is the score to beat. I'm going to put a minute on the clock. I'm going to describe as many of these items as I can in the space of that minute. If you don't know one, just say pass and high score at the end of this one. All right. A minute on the clock. Your time starts now. This is an item that I'm speaking into one right now. DJs would speak into them and they make your voice louder. Microphone. Correct. This is something you would see along the side of the road. It might warn you that there's road works ahead or that there's traffic. Correct. This is an animal you would see jumping about the field, and you would see this time of year. They're associated with Easter. No, they're associated with Easter to eat carrots. Correct. This is an item you'd use to maybe if you were putting wooden items together. They're long, metal, spiky. You hit them with a hammer. Correct. This is something that you would have probably in a large container outside. A lot of houses use these to use a substance to heat their home to power their boilers. If you got it in the ground, it would do a lot of damage if it got in the ground. You use this stuff as well in the engine of your car. Correct. These are items you'd wear on your feet to keep protect your feet. No, it was boots. But you were out of time anyway. Alright. You didn't pass on any. You didn't pass on any. Raymond, you got one, two, three, four. Oh, you got five of them. You got five of them, which makes you our winner today. Well done. Well done. Well done. Well done. Well done, Bridget. Commiserations. You were beaten by one. It was close. It was close. Thanks for playing this morning. Alright. Alright, all the best. Take care. Bye bye. That's Bridget Toland. One of our contestants this morning. Who's going to play in this morning? Well done. You won, Raymond. Your boots on their way to you. Alright. Can I just say we request for Marie to ask the women's nature's making her a conformation down in the crossroads in Killing gondon today. Very good. Well, lesson. Marie and everyone make them their confirmation. Enjoy your day. of our Rewind Wireless Earbuds for this morning!


Wonderful brother, Azim Ibrahim, and some of you know him, very Scottish, right? I don't think they said that right, but very Scottish, right? And so, what are they wearing? You know, that's of course a tick-up tartan, Scottish tartan. But which clan is that? That's not McGregor. That's not McGregor. That's not true, that's not. I'll try to take some other claims. Okay, what clan is that? Muslim clan. And this was authorised by Scottish Parliament as an official Muslim tartan. I think that's really cool. I'm not sure about that. I think it's really cool. Let's go to the next one. See, so maybe you can go up just a little bit. That's the pattern. So it's got green, white, black, gold. Go back. Okay, so I can read the words for these. Okay? So, I can't really see it. Okay, so it says blue represents the Scottish flag. Green represents Islam. Green represents Islam. Okay, people on. Read it for me, please. Five white lines represent five pillars. Five pillars, right? The white lines, okay? And the gold lines are the... Six gold lines represent the pillars of faith. Isn't that beautiful? And then what does it say at the very... The black screen represents the carbon. The carbon. See, so that's really... That is living by the cultural heritage. And that is telling Scotland that we love you. And Muslims should because Scotland's been really good to us. And usually the Scots and the Welsh and the Irish, they're a little bit better than their cousins. Well, they're not actually cousins, but they're English.  They're much more tolerant. Scots especially have been really good. And the Muslims of Scotland, in my very live experience, are among the healthiest. And they're also among the most dynamic.


Firefighters are currently battling to cut tail the spread of the fire outbreak which started some minutes past midnight and affected the building on Broad Street in Lagos. The Lagos at Fire Rescue Service in collaboration with other emergency responders are presently combating the inferno. The building was said to have been housed and traded, dealing on clothing and shoes over the years. According to the Permanent Secretary of the Lagos Emergency Management Agency Los Sema Femi Osain Tolu, the cause of the fire is yet to be ascertained. However, there are suspicions that there could have been a petrol storage in the building as citizens face a worsening fuel crisis. Firefighters are currently battling to cut tail the spread of the fire outbreak.


What's up everybody Jason here from Jasper's case breaks calm We just sold out 2020 wall card matte white football one box break random player number three and again guys This is a 22 spot break. Everybody gets a random player from the list below all-cards ship So there's 22 players all protective first-rounders and QB's 18 on-card autographs per box every card is either number as well as the base and every card is a hit So again, here we go. Here's an ice roller. Here's a customer name some Shawn down a Douglas And then we got Caleb Farley down to Zach Wilson So let's roll it and We have a six and a five eleven times. Good luck one two three five six seven eight down to Paul eleven times one two three four five six seven eight nine Ten Want to Williams don't do penny Sue well. All right, so there you go six and a five eleven eleven There we go So Leonard you're gonna have Devontae Williams Daniel with Najee Harris Sean with Greg Russell Douglas you have Eric Stokes Daniel with Patrick Sartain Jeffrey with Devontae Smith and Mack Jones Sean with Kyle Pitts Jeffrey with Trey Lance Douglas Zach Wilson lost by module Jeffrey were shot Bateman PJ with JC Horne and Trevor Lawrence Justin with Travis etn Sean with Jaylen waddle PJ with Kyle Trask Leonard with Micah Parsons Sean with Kayla Farley Jeffrey Mason with Terrace Marshall, Jr. Allen with Quitty pay and PJ with Justin Fields as well as Paul with Pena Sue well So again, we're gonna alphabetize it and if you guys want to trade for players, I'll give you guys a quick 30 seconds Let me quickly find the preview for the hit crate All right, Douglas saying Stokes for was so because nobody wants to trade Douglas stick to what you got Good luck though. All right, everybody So here's everybody here So again, we have one more box remaining of this. I reposted it on the website So if you guys want to get it going It is there and these are like the little Mini boxes in here that you get. All right, guys. So good luck She's pulling out the cards as they came out last time out of 349. Javonsia Williams. These are just regular point-to-plotters We got Trevor Lawrence Numbered one out of five Not bad at all one out of five Trevor Lawrence That is PJ Kyle Pitts 27 out of 40 Never Kyle Pitts It's going to Sean Travis ETN and The first autograph ETN actually sorry ETN was the first autograph Sometimes I feel like I don't even notice autographs 22 out of 30 Travis ETN is going to Justin Devonta Smith. I don't think this one is numbered unless it's in the back. It is 22 out of 25 And last one here. How about a Trevor Lawrence? Autographed gold ink four out of 40 Very nice, that's going to PJ Trevor Lawrence Dunzo, let's go to blue box. All right, there you go. There's Greg 89 out of 175 three out of three Justin Fields Jalen Waddle, Mika Parsons autograph first one 17 out of 18 Parsons that is Leonard we got Justin Fields Number to 25 Justin Fields that is going to PJ, two good quarterbacks for you man Five out of 20 Quitty. It's going to Alan Murdoch Justin Fields Devonta Smith to 40 out of 49, Mack Jones. And here we go Greg Rousseau 10 out of 10 Sean with that one Eric Stokes, try to trade. Douglas, couldn't trade Mojo And that is numbered four out of 30 30 out of 35, there you go. Another one there. Greg, that is Sean Ler All right, three more to go guys Tray Lance, two three forty nine That's going to actually slave up pretty fast Kyle Pitts to 35 Eric Stokes to 30 And Devonta Williams Five out of five I don't know if it's hard to see it but There's the five And that is Leonard Rashad Bateman, one out of 20 That's the first Rashad we've had right Jeffrey with that one Najee Harris 10 out of 15 All right nice Yes Burke, I do have the teasers right here Let me finish this break and I'll explain it a little more and I'll show you a teaser for sure man Definitely We did sell one spot straight up though so Definitely get that rolling Two more here guys I do have a teaser right here for you guys Two more boxes here guys Two more mini boxes I should say Zach Wilson to 349 We got Greg To 50 Devonta Smith Travis Etn, 9 out of 10 Jersey number 9 out of 10 Little eBay one of one 9 out of 10 Travis Etn that is going to Justin Penny Sue Will Rashad Bateman 3 out of 10 Jeffrey Mason with that one All right last box here guys Good luck, left the last blue one here Parsons To 15 and Trevor Lawrence out of 12 Devonta Williams is number 175 To 25 We have Najee Harris That is number 9 out of 25 And the last one here I think this is the first time No no Second time call in Eric Stokes Out of 18 Eric Stokes there you go guys That was the break So I feel like we hit most of the quarterbacks I think the only autograph maybe we didn't hit Was I don't think we hit a Kyle Trask And maybe A Trey Lance we did get a card of Trey Lance though But I believe you know just Trevor Lawrence Justin Fields autograph Very nice guys Now we have one more box available guys Number 4 that is the last box we have Jaspy's casebreaks.com


Hello friends, I am Sanjay Gupta. I welcome you on my YouTube channel. My YouTube channel contains more than 800 videos on YouTube. You can search those videos through the keyword programming by Sanjay Gupta. You can also search my YouTube channel by typing my name Sanjay Gupta in YouTube search. You can subscribe my YouTube channel if you want to follow programming related videos. If you have any queries, you can connect with me by following these details. In this video, I'm going to discuss binary subtraction. I will explain some examples so that you can understand how we can perform binary subtraction. So before starting examples, you need to understand this subtraction table first. So here you can see I have mentioned four steps. In first step, zero is subtracted with zero, then result will be zero. If two digits are zero and one, so if we are subtracting one from zero, then we have to borrow base from the next higher column. So the result will be one here. So I will explain with the help of example how you can perform this. Then one minus zero result will be one and one minus one result will be zero. So three steps are pretty simple. Second step is difficult, which you will be understanding while I will be explaining the examples. So now I am going to explain the example number one. Here you can see two binary values are available. First one is one zero one zero one and second one is triple one zero. So I am going to explain the subtraction now. So first this subtraction will take place first column one zero. So result will be one. Now in second column, you can see digits are zero and one. So if we are subtracting one from zero, it is not possible. So we need to look for the next possible column. So from here I am going to borrow base. So this one will become zero and I am borrowing base from here. So in case of binary basis two and in binary we represent two as one zero. So it is one zero, which is equivalent to 10 but in case of binary meaning of one zero is two. So now if we subtract one from two, which means result will be one. So I am performing this here. This is borrow part one zero, which is equivalent to two and I am subtracting one. So if I perform this result will be one. Now you can see here the remaining value is zero. So again, we can subtract one from zero. So we need to look for the next column, which is also zero. So we can borrow base from here. So moving to next high column, it is one. So from here we can borrow values. So it will remain as zero and base will be borrowed here. Now I am going to borrow base from here also. So it will become one and base one zero will available here. So base two, or you can say one zero, it is available here. So I borrowed base from here as one zero. One zero is two. So I borrowed base from here also. So if I subtract one from here, it will remain one and base will be available here for third column. So now I can subtract this one from one zero. So result will be one. Here value is one. So if we subtract one from one result will be zero. So this way I have applied subtraction operation with this example by borrowing base from the next high column. So remember that if you borrow base from the next high column, you have to subtract one from that columns value. Now moving to another example. So this example will more clarify the subtraction to you. So first column is zero, zero result will be zero. Second column is zero, zero result will be zero. Then one zero. So result will be one. So this third column will be having value as one. Then if we subtract one, one result will be zero. Then again one, one result will be zero. Now we can't subtract one from zero. So we will move into the next column. Now we have to perform borrow operation. So this one will become zero and we can borrow base here. So basis two, which is represented as one zero in binary. So if we subtract one from two, result will be one. So this way I have applied subtraction operation for example number two. I hope now you have better understanding how I'm going to. Sorry. Hi. How I am using this subtraction operation for two different binary values. Moving to the example number three. Here you can see first column value is one zero. So result is one again one zero result is one then zero zero result is one. Now listen carefully from zero. We can't subtract one. So moving to next column, it is also zero moving to next column. It is one. So now I am going to borrow values from here. So it will become zero. And here I have borrowed the base which is two and represented as one zero. Now I have to borrow value from here also. So this two will remain one and base will be available here as one zero. So now from this one zero, which is two, I am subtracting one. So result will be one from this one. I am subtracting zero. So result will be one. Now here zero is available. We can't subtract one from zero. So again we have to borrow. So this one will remain as zero and a borrow of base will be available here as one zero. So this is two from two. I am subtracting one. So result will be one. Here it is zero. So zero minus zero is zero and one minus one is zero. So finally outcome is one one one zero double one. So this way, for example, number three, I have applied subtraction, subtraction operation. Moving to another example, zero zero is zero zero one. So again, I have to apply borrow operation. So I'm borrowing from here. So this will remain as zero and base two will be available here as one zero. So if we subtract one from two result will be one zero minus zero. Zero minus zero is zero one minus one zero zero minus zero zero and one minus one zero. So this way this example number four has been subjected. Now moving to the another example, which is example number five. So one one result is zero. Now I am subtracting one from zero, which is not possible. So looking to the next possible column. So I have to perform borrow operation. So this one will become zero and borrow of base will be available here in terms of one zero. So now from one zero, I can subtract one and remember. So the result value will be available here as one. Now zero zero zero and one one zero. So this way I have applied separate subtraction operation on these examples. I hope you have understood how we can perform binary suppression through this video. If you have any queries, you can connect with me by following these details. If you want to watch more programming related videos, you can follow my YouTube channel. Thank you for watching this video.


Today, I'm speaking with Matt Schwab, who is the CEO of Kraken Energy. Did I pronounce that correctly? Is it Kraken? You sure did. Kraken Energy, yeah. Great.  Yes, we are. Okay. And you've got a discovery or perhaps a reopening of a mine property in the US you'd like to tell us about, right? Absolutely. A new acquisition of Hart's Point in Utah. Okay. And can I ask you, since you're based in Saskatoon, right? I sure am. Okay. And as far as I know, Saskatchewan is perhaps the center of the North American uranium industry. So can you tell us why you've journeyed down to Utah, where you expose yourself to the equivalent of First Nations scrutiny, federal American land ownership, state ownership, regulation of the Yazoo, and oh, and by the way, at the end of all of that, maybe producing uranium. Thanks, Jack. That's a very open-ended question. There's a lot of aspect to that, for sure. There's definitely sociopolitical issues or risks, no matter what jurisdiction you're in. We see a lot of the same things in Saskatchewan. It's never ending. You always have to consider stakeholders, right? You don't want to step on toes and you have to proceed properly as you go through these exploration and development processes. So I'm not worried about that portion in moving from Saskatchewan to focusing our efforts down in the United States. As far as our decision to move to a different jurisdiction, yes, our team has a lot of success and experience in the Athabasca Basin in Saskatchewan. Between NextGen and Patterson Lake Sells, Rough Rider, we've kind of covered the basin and a lot of people ask this question. But to me, it comes down to a matter of realism and in my mind, almost a point of pride, I would like to see something that we discover or we develop actually produce in our lifetime. And that's not me being negative towards the Athabasca Basin, just being realistic in that the timeline for development of properties or projects that have mineralization down to a kilometer or more takes more infrastructure, takes more time, takes more money, plain and simple. So looking at the opportunities of mineralization and deposit styles in the United States, focusing in Nevada was our first priority, looking at near or at-surface mineralization on past producing assets. So we also jumped right into the brownfield stage where we're not looking to make a new discovery. We're looking to go back and exploit a resource that was in place and taken out of production before it met its prime. And the reasoning for that is because the incentives were taken away at the end of the 1950s by the US government. So all the focus for uranium mining shifted away from that to the more profitable jurisdiction at that time, the Athabasca Basin. So now we're sitting in this nice situation where we can go back and take a look at all these properties and all these deposits that were forgotten in the last 60, 70 years and move them forward in a quicker fashion than we could do probably anywhere else. I think you're doing exactly the right thing. Don't get me wrong. And I think that the real issue in the United States is that the American public is not aware of the fact that we produce almost nothing in the way of uranium relative to our demand. The US has about 25 percent of the world's civilian power reactors and yet we only produce one or two percent of our of the domestically of the uranium. So while we all listen to politicians bloviating about how we're so dependent on China, they seem to have ignored the fact that we're so dependent on Kazakhstan or Russia for processed uranium fuel and of course our friends in Canada for the balance of what we need. So I think that you're young enough to to hold on and that America is going to wake up to the fact that we must produce as much uranium as possible. And I think that in the last few months or last year or so you've seen Congress vote money for an inventory of uranium. And that that is really propped up our one or two producers in the US. But in the long run, we need companies like yours desperately and you're right. Just go back to the it used to be when I was a kid the land office and look at the dusty records and find you know the old gold mines and all that. And now you'll go and look at at people's records and find the old uranium mines. So congratulations and please keep us informed as to what you're doing because this is really critical for the future of the United States. Certainly I agree if you 100% and I'd be happy to update you as we keep moving along. Good, thank you. Thanks Jack.


when, you know, Musk tweeted, Game Stomp, it skyrocketed. It absolutely skyrocketed. And that is entirely down. And people caught out when they've stopped, you know, being able to buy more shares, they're completely caught out and they suffered the drop. You've got to be savvy. Really have your strategy, stick to your strategy and don't let outside influencers panic you into making a mistake that goes against your core principles. I think would be my main thing with AI and stuff. That's a brilliant take away. I mean, you're seeing it more and more. I think even the Martin Lewis money-saving expert had deep fakes of him giving out financial advice and what you said there about, you know, if it seems a little bit off, take a pause, especially in this financial world, the industry, especially what we're talking about in every single show. People are really there to take advantage of you. Whenever money's involved, there are going to be bad players in the game.


Yo, what's going on people it's your boy er as always haven't done one of these in a while shouts to crew go on the Cam thought it's about time I got back on camera for some blogs and not battle hosting and whatever we got so much shit coming up in the next few months and Stuff to announce I thought it was so much easy If I just put it all on camera in one video then a load of flyers tweets Facebook posts wherever so yeah Thanks a lot for long on this blog make sure you watch the whole thing So I'm gonna tell you about a lot of exciting stuff coming up make sure you hit the subscribe button in the corner As well obviously okay, so basically first off what I'm gonna tell you about is the first event We've got coming out of today is the grime clash event now This has been planned for like two years now two and a half years or so and so many line-up changes wherever people dropped out quick Don't flock come back whatever we've had so many locations planned for it But finally the grime clash event is going down is Sunday the 28th of September in birthdays Doulston East London on Sunday the 28th of September tickets gone sell 9 a.m. On Monday the 1st of September This event has been so long in the making I cannot have one of you out there.  That's one of easy Gibbs's boys. He hasn't ever clashed. I was gonna say and don't flop I don't think he's ever actually clashed at all. He's dope though If you don't know about weirdo make sure you check out his videos. He's real real good, man So yeah youth verse weirdo Brucey bus hypes dialect bus eyes. That's the grind clashes Sunday the 28th of September in Doulston. All right now moving on from that the next event This is gonna be another outstanding event London versus Manchester that's hashtag LDN verse MCR or MCR verse LDN Whatever we still haven't decided which way we're gonna flip it round for the final flyer But yeah Manchester bus London London bus Manchester now this event the scale of this event Let me tell you it's gonna be in the ritz in Manchester now I don't know how many of you watching this video know about the ritz know about Manchester If you know Manchester the ritz is one of the biggest venues in the whole of the Northwest But this place is this is bigger than stylus like when I booked the sixth fifth birthday video Fifth birthday venue. Sorry like that blew my mind But the ritz is one and a half two times bigger than stylus We're talking thousands of people this venue can fit and you know We would not waste money on a place like that if we didn't have a banging car to fill it You know I mean so the main event of course it is the UK main event of all main events Man Tony D the don't flop champion two-time defending But shawty horror making his return finally after about 18 months out of the league shawty horror is coming back It's Matt is the ultimate Manchester bus London clash Tony bus shawty It's not a must-dress a title match because we obviously thought it'd be Unfair to put the title on the line in Manchester and because shawty's taken quite a long break from the league It wouldn't be fair, but yeah shawty bus Tony's the main event The co-main event is on the same level of craziness now We've got raptor versus villain villain again has taken some time out from the fifth birthday So you'll see another vet return from 2012 all these 2012 heads are coming back for the end of 2014 to go out with a bang Raptor is one of the most exciting new emcees We've had in the league in a while just when people were losing faith in every tryout We were getting raptor came out fucking nowhere. He's been killing his last few battles as well on the card We've got take note talks versus tally that talks reppin mani tally recommend London Obviously sure no Mac reppin London. It's got a Manchester. Sorry. It's gone up against big J Reppin London and also the final battle in the card is Bamalamb from don't flop staff reppin London It's gone up against Brigzy from Manchester. So we've got five battles only on the card They're all hand-picked battles as well There's a lot of London emcees that didn't get on the card and a lot of mani emcees as well So we only chose five battles for this card. See it's very very dope now That is Saturday the 11th of October at the Ritz in Manchester So make sure you put it on your diaries tickets are going to go on sale Monday the 8th of September at 9 a.m As always don't flop comm slash tickets.  He may be the biggest UK battle Versu KMC that we ever have so you know me makes you come to that. All right So that's after the 11th of October moving on what we have coming from that. This is an announcement that I've been holding in For over six months. It's been the hardest thing I've ever had to keep inside as a secret Do I mean but I can finally tell all of you all you fans out now I've been dying to let you know on the first of November the first ever ever Don't flop event on American soil.  Honestly, there's been so many times I've been on a complete hype Confirmed a battle for the event wanted to write a Facebook status do a blog but decided against it until it was all locked in but It's that's finally happening man. The first of November in Atlanta, Georgia You are hearing me right Atlanta, Georgia is don't flop USA's first ever event It'll be our only event for 2014. Who knows what might happen in 2015 But I'm gonna let you know just the three battles on the card We've actually got eight confirmed, but I'm gonna let you know the UK versus UK UK versus us. Sorry clashes for the card Battle number one. I'm gonna let you know. It's been like a year in the making now It's myself of us John John a don from ATL.  So they're the three battles me versus John John Og versus QP impact of us bricks Belvedere There's five other battles on the card as well.  I'm gonna let you know one more battles on the card one us versus us class I'm gonna let you know Johnny storm of us snow. Yeah, that's right Johnny storm of us snow It's going down for don't flop USA first of November. All right, and finally That's a big announcement. I hope all you lot are taking that in it's taking me It's given me a lot of pleasure to finally get to announce that but finally the sixth birthday I've had so many tweets about it so many of you hitting me up Wondering when it is like where it's gonna be what venue what city but I'm gonna let you all know now Okay, the date is locked concrete in stone.  We ain't gonna get a better venue We're not gonna get a better city for the fans in Leeds, you know, I mean, so that's where it's going down two days Now we've got so many battles confirmed that it's looking like it's gonna be an eight nine battle day per day card You know, so it's gonna be well worth the money tickets We can't really tell you where they're gonna go and sell yet cuz we don't personally know but it'll be sometime in October I can tell you that same ticket linkers always now I'm just gonna let you know for sticking with this blog all the way to the end I'm gonna let you know the battles that I feel like you should know just but you know I saying thank you The title match a solo title match is as a lot of you out there have guessed Tony D verse unanimous Now there is not anybody and don't flop who has earned a title shot more than you now He's been in since oh nine battle in every single year never taking a break had some fucking amazing performances So finally you now he's getting the major major UK shot Tony's gonna be coming off the shot you battle He's gonna be hyped as a motherfucker Tony will battle anyone any time we told him you now and he said cool When and where do you know I mean you now jump to the chance as well? He's finally getting that shot that is gonna be as amazing as every other title match We've had so the double was title match as well that will be going down It's been a year since shuffle of Mara defend at their title But they will be on the 15th the 16th of November Defending their title against dialect and Zen now dialect and Zen are gonna be in their hometown Which means they're gonna have so many of the fans behind them shuffle tea and Mara and notice They're gonna have to come at their absolute a game ten out of ten shit dialect and Zen know that shuffle of Mara one of the best teams in battling at the moment So yeah, they're the two battles. We just confirmed see major verse Chilla Jones today a Crazy battle. I'm just gonna let you know just as a ultra Thank you for standing to the end of the blog none of you will have seen this coming But one more UK verse UK clash UK versus us. Sorry. I keep fucking up that we're gonna have is Gemini Yes, Gemini is getting his first in the national clash against big tea now You might ask me where that matchup came from Do you know what don't even worry where it came from Gemini versus big tea is going down at a six birthday weekend Stylist in Leeds, but yeah, that's about it for now people. Basically. We've got the grime clash event Manchester versus London don't flop USA the sixth birthday and then we've got one more special thing coming in December I'm gonna let you know about in my next blog We've got a reality show that we're starting filming in September and it will drop every two to four weeks from September To December and the final finale will be in December or January But yeah, watch out for the next blog about that I'm gonna let you know everything we've got it locked in but that's it man next event coming up Sunday the 28th September Monday the 1st of September 9 a.m. Make sure you log on to don't flop Dot com slash tickets now I've said a lot in this blog though a lot of you didn't know I'm sure there's loads of opinions out there So as always make sure you hit me on the Twitter that's at Twitter and at don't flop as well Hit me about what you think about don't flop USA.  You know the score signing out. Let's go


Spring Cleaning is here and Appalachian Wireless has the deal to get you started. Get a Samsung Galaxy S8 for a penny or a Galaxy S8 Plus for only $89.99 on the region's best network. Better service, bigger savings, that's today's Appalachian Wireless. So your agreement requires you to store for details. An ongoing murder investigation in Letra County is progressing as yet another suspect was taken into police custody. 33-year-old Clarence Russell Brown of Neon was arrested Thursday evening at Dry Fork, just outside of Whitesburg. In this exclusive video, Brown was taken into and lodged in the Letra County Jail late last night. According to Kentucky State Police, trooper Michael Burton located Brown on Little Dry Fork Road just before 7pm. KSP Post-13 dispatchers received several calls reporting that Brown was in the area. He was taken into custody without incident. Brown was wanted on murder and tampering with physical evidence charges in the ongoing investigation into the death of 44-year-old Ricky Gibson, who was shot and his body hidden in Letra County. Two other people, Clifford Cottle of Neon and Deidre Keithley of Pike County, are also facing murder and tampering charges in Gibson's death. According to police, Gibson was killed at Cottle's residence during an altercation between Cottle, Gibson, Keithley and Brown. The three then allegedly dumped Gibson's body over a hillside along Heyman Hill near Neon. Both Cottle and Keithley appeared in Letra District Court Thursday, and the case of Ricky Gibson's death was bound over to the Letra County Grand Jury for consideration. Cottle, Keithley and Brown all remain lodged in the Letra County Jail. Reporting, I'm Chris Anderson, EKB News.


SCP-468-1 is an abacus in near-perfect condition, with no missing beads or signs of disrepair. Its beads, despite the lack of any obvious motor or driving system, will move autonomously. SCP-468-2 is the former farming village of—located in the Chinese province of Jiangsu. It is presumed that the previous owner of SCP-468-1 lived within this village. Foundation investigations have data expunged. Roads, houses, and other sufficiently large man-made structures inside SCP-468-2 will shift their positions as SCP-468-1 itself moves.