Good evening, aspirants. Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar A.S. Academy. Now, for today's analysis, these are the list of articles chosen for today's analysis. It has been given along with the page numbers of Chennai, Bengaluru, Delhi, Tiruvananthapuram and Hyderabad editions. The link for the handwritten notes and the time snapping for the displayed articles is given in the description box below. And for the benefit of smartphone users, it is also given in the comments section. Let's move on to our first news article analysis. Our first discussion is based on this editorial, which is about antimicrobial resistance. So, we'll be seeing about antimicrobial resistance. Then we shall see the initiatives taken at the global and at the national level to address this antimicrobial resistance. And we'll also be seeing the suggestions that is given by the authors to effectively tackle this growing menace of antimicrobial resistance. The syllabus that can be linked to this discussion is given here for your reference. Now, this editorial is written on the wake of World Antibiotics Awareness Week. This week is celebrated in the month of November. This awareness week is a product of the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. If you see in 2015, the 68th World Health Assembly endorsed the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. We will see about this plan later in the discussion. This global action plan called for a dedicated global campaign to raise public awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance. So, in line with this, World Antibiotic Awareness Week takes place every November. This year, it was celebrated from 18th November to 24th November. The aim of this awareness week is to increase awareness of global antibiotic resistance and to encourage best practices among the general public health workers and policy makers. It also aims to promote global education on antibiotics, how antibiotics should be used and to mitigate the growing risks of antibiotic resistance. Now, this is done to avoid the further emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance. But if you see for now global awareness about this antimicrobial resistance remains relatively low. So, for many times we have used the term AMR, what is it and how serious is the problem that we are celebrating a full week for its awareness. Antimicrobial resistance or in short AMR is the ability of microorganism to stop an antimicrobial from working against it. The microorganism could be bacteria, viruses and some parasites. Here, the antimicrobials that we have mentioned are the antibiotics, antivirals and antimalerials etc. These antimicrobials help to prevent and control a disease. So, if these antimicrobials do not work, then standard treatments to the diseases and infections will become ineffective. So, infections will persist or they will continue and these infections may even spread to others. So, this antimicrobial resistance is a global public health problem. And as we saw antibiotic is one such antimicrobial. It is a widely used antimicrobial and these antibiotics are used to treat the bacterial infections. There are many drivers or causes of antibiotic resistance but the most dangerous trends which are contributing to the rising antimicrobial resistance are the inappropriate use of antibiotics in humans. Then overuse or abuse of antibiotics by humans. Then antibiotic use for growth promotion and disease prevention in animals, horticulture and fisheries. Then another cause is the use of animal manure in soil. This animal manure is a cause because it contains antibiotic residues. We just now saw that antibiotic is used for growth promotion and disease prevention in animals. So, these antibiotics leaves residues which are found in the animal manure also. And this animal manure is used in soil and we use the same soil to cultivate crops. So, these antibiotic residues are transferred to the crops also and then we eat the products from those crops. So, in a way it enters human beings also. Then next cause for the rising of AMR is the inadequate treatment of effluence that contains antibiotic residues from pharmaceutical industry, healthcare facilities etc. So, all these contribute to the problem of increasing AMR. Now along with this the authors have also listed reasons for growing AMR resistance. According to the author the reason for AMR resistance is the indiscriminate use of antibiotics. This is nothing but the combination of inappropriate use of antibiotics in humans and the overuse or abuse of antibiotics by the humans. Then one another reason is the irresponsible antibiotics usage for growth promotion and disease prevention in animals, horticulture and fisheries. That is in these fields also they are being inappropriately used. According to authors globally this use of antibiotics in animals is expected to increase by 67 percentage by the year 2030 from the 2010 levels. That is why we are saying antimicrobial resistance has become an important public health challenge which is recognized worldwide. Now because of the inappropriate usage of antibiotics there are many consequences. According to the authors the first consequence is that it might lead to the difficulty in undertaking any complex surgery such as organ transplantation and cardiac bypass etc. That is because after surgeries there is always a possibility of getting infection. Now this is because complex surgeries definitely involve a cut or incision in the skin. So, this can lead to a wound infection after surgery. So, if AMR is developed for antibiotics then treating these kinds of infections will become very difficult. That is why authors are saying it will be difficult to undertake complex surgeries. The next consequence is that it had led to no new discovery of antibiotics. According to the authors in the past three decades that is in the past 30 years no new antibiotics discovery has been made. The reason is that developing a new antibiotic requires high investment. Moreover according to the authors it needs an investment of 1 billion dollars and the availability of a new antibiotic takes 10 to 12 years. So, when after this much of work once that antibiotic comes into the market its indiscriminate use immediately results in resistance against that particular antibiotic. So, further that antibiotic cannot be used by people. So, all the money and the hard work that was put into developing that antibiotic goes into waste. Now, due to these reasons only new antibiotics are not developed. Then another consequence is that this has a serious impacts on economy and development. It leads to increase in health budget. It is because to curb the menace of antimicrobial resistance government needs to spend a lot. Then AMR could also lead to death because infection cannot be treated and many infections are fatal. Now in this way we lose human capital also. Then it will affect the child survival rates. So, child mortality will increase in our country. On a whole our country's mortality rate will increase and we know that health is an important component of development indices. So, it will affect our rank in these indices also. In this way the antimicrobial resistance and its increase in the society affects our economy our country's development. Then another consequence is mentioned by the O'Neill report on antimicrobial resistance. This report was prepared because of the then prime minister of United Kingdom. He commissioned the review of antimicrobial resistance in 2014. The United Kingdom prime minister asked the economist Jim O'Neill to analyze the global problem of rising drug resistance and to propose concrete actions to tackle it internationally. So, based on this analysis Jim O'Neill prepared a report that report is called as the O'Neill report on AMR. This report warned that inaction in containing AMR is likely to result in annual mortality reaching to 10 million people that is around 1 crore people are likely to die because of this antimicrobial resistance. And the report also warned that if AMR is not contained then by the year 2050 the global GDP will fall to 3.5 percentage. So, these are some of the consequences of not curbing the menace of antimicrobial resistance. So, now a question arises on whether we have taken any initiative to curb this menace. Yes, as we saw in the beginning we already have a world antibiotic awareness week. Then there are also some other initiatives at the global level and as well as at the national level. So, now let us first see about the initiatives at the global level to address the antimicrobial resistance problem. The first global measure is the inclusion of combating antimicrobial resistance in the sustainable development goals but do not confuse with SDG goals and targets. It has not been included in the goals and targets but it has been included in the declaration of SDG 2030. We know that SDG goal number three is related to health. It states ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages. So, to promote physical and mental health and well-being and to extend life expectancy for all it is necessary to achieve universal health coverage and to achieve access to quality health care. Now, in this way other aspects of health are also included in the declaration under health. One of the aspects is addressing the growing antimicrobial resistance to achieve healthy lives and well-being. The next measure is the development of global action plan on AMR. This plan was developed by many stakeholders such as inter-country development agencies like WHO, FAO and World Organization for Animal Health etc. We saw during the start that the 68th World Health Assembly in May 2015 endorsed a global action plan to tackle antimicrobial resistance including antibiotic resistance. So, this action plan is nothing but the global action plan on AMR. The main goal of this plan is to ensure the responsible use of antimicrobials including antibiotics in treating diseases so that the antibiotics remain effective. In addition to this, a World Health Assembly resolution also urged member states to align the national action plan on AMR with global action plan on AMR by May 2017. So, now let us see some of the objectives of this global action plan. The first objective is to improve awareness and understanding of antimicrobial resistance. The next objective is to strengthen knowledge through surveillance and research. The next objective is to reduce the incidence of infection. The next is to optimize the use of antimicrobial agents and the final objective is to develop the economic case for sustainable investment that takes account of the needs of all countries and also to increase the investment for research and innovation of new medicines, diagnostic tools, new vaccines and other interventions. So, these were the measures taken at the global level. Now, let us see some of the initiatives taken at the national level. India developed its national action plan on antimicrobial resistance 2017 to 2021 in the year 2017. According to authors, this national action plan is based on one health approach. This is an approach followed by WHO. One health approach is an approach to designing and implementing programs, policies, legislations and research in which multiple sectors communicate and work together to achieve better public health outcomes. So, it means that human health, animal health and the environment sectors have equal responsibilities and they undertake strategic actions in combating antimicrobial resistance. So, our national action plan has six objectives. The first five objectives are same as the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance. The sixth objective is to strengthen India's leadership in antimicrobial resistance. The next, if you see in July this year, the Indian government also banned the manufacture, sale and use of colustin in the poultry industry. This was done as per the order of a Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. The order mentioned that manufacture, then sale and distribution of colustin and its formulations for food producing animals, poultry, aquafarming and animal feed supplements are prohibited or banned in India. So, now what is this colustin? Colustin is an antibiotic and we saw that antibiotics are those drugs that are used to treat bacterial infections. Now, this colustin is used to treat infection that is caused by gram-negative bacteria and these gram-negative bacterias are multi-drug resistance. Now, this colustin antibiotic is also called as an old antibiotic because it was used since 1959. But scientists found that intake of colustin has side effects on human body. So, they limited the use of colustin and they started discovering new antibiotics which were safety humans. But if you see the bacteria started developing resistance against these newly developed antibiotics and this resistance is what we call as antimicrobial resistance. So, as a last resort, the scientists are again using colustin to treat the multi-drug resistant gram-negative bacteria. Hence, in this way, the colustin antibiotic is also called as an antibiotic of last resort. Now, the concern is that colustin is used in poultry aquafarming where they are used as animal feed supplements. Now, if we keep feeding the poultry with colustin, it will develop antimicrobial resistance and also when humans eat those animals which are fed with colustin, then humans also intake colustin and the problem here is that this colustin affects the natural bacteria that is present in the gut of the human body. So, in this way, colustin affects the entire food chain.  Hence, from this we can say the initiative of government to ban colustin will contribute to global efforts to preserve and prolong the efficacy that is the effectiveness of antibiotics. So, these were the measures or initiatives taken at the national level to address the menace of antimicrobial resistance. In addition to this, authors have also given some suggestions on how India should proceed in tackling this antimicrobial resistance. First, authors mentioned that implementation of India's national action plan needs to be accelerated. Now, the problem in India is that both human health and animal health comes under the state list of schedule 7 of Indian constitution. So, the authors are telling that this adds complexity to the nationwide response to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Now, due to this, the magnitude of the problem in India still remains unknown because there is no proper data available. Then we saw that one of the objectives of the national action plan is to strengthen knowledge and evidence of antimicrobial resistance through surveillance. So, in line with this, surveillance networks have been established in human health and animal health. One such network is the Indian Network for Fishery and Animals Antimicrobial Resistance or in short INFAR. This network was developed by India in 2017 with assistance from food and agriculture organization. This network has been established to generate reliable data on the magnitude of the problem of antimicrobial resistance and then also to monitor the trends in response to the control activities of antimicrobial resistance. The coordination of the overall technical and data management operations of this network is carried out by national institute of veterinary epidemiology and disease informatics in Bengaluru. So, here the suggestion of the author is that they are asking the government to expand and sustain such surveillance networks. The next author is mentioning that there is an urgent need to augment capacity that is to increase the resources such as infrastructure and human resources for these purposes and issues. That is one is to enforce regulatory mechanisms. The next is to act on infection control practices and diagnostic support. The next is to make sure that the guidelines for therapy are available and they are used properly. Then next also for ensuring biosecurity in annual rearing practices and then finally to understand the role of environment and the engagement of communities in this regard. So, as a whole and also as a conclusion, the author suggests that international organizations must launch a global movement to contain antimicrobial resistance. So, that is all about antimicrobial resistance and about this article. The displayed practice question will be discussed in the last session. Moving on to the next news article discussion. This article mentions that in-stakes circumvents or overcomes US sanctions and it also mentions that six European nations have joined Iran-Bata system which is nothing but in-stakes. So, in this context we will see what is Bata system then about in-stakes then the background for this in-stakes. The syllabus that can be linked to this discussion is given here for your reference. So, first let us understand what is Bata system to understand this news article. Bata system is an old method of exchange. This system has been used for centuries and it was used even long before money was invented. In a Bata system, one party exchanges the goods and services with other parties for other services and goods in return. So, we can see that your money is not a medium of exchange. So, the news article mentions in-stakes as a Bata system. But to understand in-stakes, you should first understand about the Iran nuclear deal which is nothing but joint comprehensive plan of action or in short JCPOA. This deal was signed by P5 plus one countries and European Union with the Iran. We know that P5 means permanent members of UNSC which are USA, China, Russia, United Kingdom and France and here the plus one country is the Germany. So, the objective of this deal is to check the nuclear enrichment of the Iran. Iran agreed for all the limitations and in return Iran asked for lifting of economic sanctions that were imposed by United Nations, United States of America and the European Union on Iran. But however, the Iran nuclear deal failed to meet its agenda fully. This is because in May 2018, the Donald Trump administration of US has unilaterally pulled out from the deal and they announced economic sanctions on Iran. Now, the reason for this economic sanction given by the president of USA is that he mentioned that Iran was violating the spirit of the deal and the deal is ineffective in containing Iran with respect to nuclear enrichment and then the US administration also argued that Iran was not an ally of US and it was working against US interests in the Middle East. So, based on these allegations US administration imposed ban on trade with Iran in US dollars. So, as a consequence of this move the European nations took other alternative ways to trade with Iran. One such mechanism is INSTEX. INSTEX is the acronym for instrument in support of trade exchanges. Now, here the name itself indicates it is a one form of barter system because it mentions trade exchanges. This INSTEX is a paris based instrument which was initiated in January 2019. It was initiated by United Kingdom, France and Germany This instrument was created as a special purpose vehicle to help European Union companies to do business with Iran and to facilitate non-USD transactions. So, the paris based INSTEX functions as a clearing house allowing Iran to continue to sell oil and in return allowing Iran to import other products and services in exchanges from those countries. Here a clearing house we have mentioned is nothing but an agency or an organization which collects and distributes something. Now, the actual purpose of INSTEX is to facilitate legitimate trade with Iran for any European Union member but this instrument is also open to non-European Union countries also. So, in this way if in future India decides to increase its trade relations with Iran, India can also join this INSTEX. Now, today's news is that six other European countries have joined INSTEX. The countries are Belgium, Denmark, Finland, Netherlands, Norway and Sweden. These countries have decided to join INSTEX as new shareholders. Now, these latest developments are important because the accession of six new members will strengthen INSTEX and it demonstrates the European efforts to facilitate legitimate trade between Europe and Iran. So, these are the information which you should know with respect to this news article. With this, we come to the end of this news article discussion. The displayed practice question will be discussed in the last session. This discussion is based on education loans. The discussion can be linked to the syllabus that is given here for your reference. The news article is based on the data on a government funded surety scheme for educational loans. The data was furnished by Ministry of Human Resource Development in the Lok Sabha. This data was provided for a question on education loans in the Lok Sabha. So, what was the scheme for which the data was provided? The data was provided for the credit guarantee fund scheme for educational loans. This scheme was started in 2015. It provides guarantee for the education loan under the model education loan scheme of Indian Banks Association. The guarantee is for the education loan that is disbursed by the banks without seeking any collateral security and third party guarantee. Collateral is something that is pledged as security for repayment of a loan. So, normally this collateral is handed over when there is a default of loan. This collateral can be any valuable property but in this case of education loan it is provided without any collateral security or third party guarantee and this is applicable for a maximum loan amount that is sanctioned under scheme which is of rupees 7.5 lakhs. So, this much amount of loan can be acquired without any collateral security and even third party guarantee. So, what do we here mean by guarantee because initially we saw that it provides guarantee for the education loan. This scheme is set up by the Government of India with the purpose of guaranteeing payment against default in education loans. These education loans are the loans which are extended by the member lending institutions to the eligible borrowers. So, it is the guarantee for the credit that is given by the lending institutions. Even if you look at the name of the scheme you can see it is a credit guarantee fund scheme for education loans. So, what does this credit guarantee actually mean? Credit guarantee is the guarantee that often provides for a specific remedy to creditor if his debtor does not return his debt. So, this credit guarantee is very helpful to avoid the fear of non-payment. So, for example, just assume that one person avails this education loan under this scheme but the person is unable to repay that loan. So, in that case that amount will be paid by the Government because it has been acquired under this scheme. So, how much amount will be provided? The guarantee which is provided under this scheme is for maximum guarantee cover that is 75% age of the amount in default. So, whether the remaining 25% will not be provided it will be provided only if the lending institution obtains a certificate it has exhausted all the avenues for recovering the amount that is in no way the lending institution could get the remaining repayment of loan. So, in that case the Government will provide the remaining 25% age also. Now all the matters pertaining to the operations of this scheme is undertaken by NCGTC. NCGTC means National Credit Guarantee Trusty Company. It was set up in 2014 by Government of India. It was set up under the Companies Act of 1956. This NCGTC acts as the trustee to operate the credit guarantee funds for educational loans, skill development loans and any other that will be set up by the Government of India from time to time. So now our today's scheme is totally based on educational loans only. Normally we know that educational loan is any financial assistance by way of loan which is extended by the lending institution to the eligible borrower for higher education and the lending institution is the bank. But under this scheme educational loan means any financial assistance by way of loan that is extended by the lending institution to the eligible borrower for higher education as per the Indian Banks Association Model Educational Loan Scheme or IBA Model Educational Loan Scheme. So, what is this loan scheme? This scheme was formulated and circulated by the Indian Banks Association to all member banks including the State Bank of India. This scheme is for providing financial support to meritorious students for pursuing higher education in India and also in abroad. So, the financial support is not only for continuing education in India but it is also for continuing education in a foreign country. Now, let us see some of the salient features of this IBA Model Education Loan Scheme. Firstly, it grants loan up to 10 lakh rupees for studying in India and it grants up to rupees 20 lakh for studying abroad. It also grants the collateral free loans up to 7.5 lakh rupees under the credit guarantee fund scheme for educational loans that we just saw. So, this CGF-SEL is under the IBA Model Educational Loan Scheme. Now, in this Model Educational Loan Scheme, there is no margin for loan up to rupees 7.5 lakhs. That means bank will provide the total loan amount that is sanctioned. It is because when we say margin, it is the amount that a borrower need to pay for his own funds. Well, the balance amount of the loan will be paid by the bank. For example, suppose a borrower needs a loan of 2 lakh rupees. In this case, the bank is ready to finance 80 percentage. So, bank will provide 1 lakh 60,000 rupees loan amount, but the remaining 20 percentage that is around 40,000 rupees has to be provided by the borrower himself or herself. So, this 40,000 rupees or the 20 percent of the loan amount is called as the margin money. But under this Model Educational Loan Scheme, there is no margin for up to 7.5 lakh rupees. That is why the whole loan amount up to this 7.5 lakhs will be provided by the bank itself. Then another feature of this Model Educational Loan Scheme is that it provides for repayment period of 15 years. That is after availing loan under the scheme, you can repay within 15 years. Then another feature is that this scheme provides for one year moratorium for the repayment after completion of studies in all cases. See, normally moratorium period is a time during the loan term when the borrower is not required to make any repayment. It is like a waiting period before which repayment by way of EMIs actually begins. So, in this case of educational loans, the moratorium period is for the course period plus one year.  So, these are some of the salient features of this IBA Model Education Loan Scheme. So, what are the courses under which this educational loan can be availed by the students? As per this scheme, any approved courses which leads to graduate degree or postgraduate degree or a PG diploma which is conducted by colleges or universities that is recognized by the University Grants Commission and AICT, that is the All India Council for Technical Education and the colleges and universities which is recognized by the Indian Council of Medical Research etc., are eligible for education loan. Now, this model education loan scheme also provides for certain concessions on education loans such as there is one percent interest concession if interest is serviced during the study period and even if the interest is serviced during the subsequent moratorium period prior to the commencement of the repayment. That is if the course is for two years and the moratorium is for one year but if you start repaying the interest in these three years itself then you will be given one percent interest concession and that is also 0.5 percentage concession in the interest rate to the girl students also and the scheme also provides rebate and income tax to the extent of interest paid on the education loan. Now, some government sources say that a third party evaluation of the scheme was made by the IIM Bangalore. Now, based on this evaluation it was suggested that the scheme should be rationalized to serve more students from the economically weaker sections and our today's discussion revolves around this same aspect only. The news article mentions that around 70 percentage of the education loans dispersed in the country appears to be going to the upper class students. Now, this inference has been made by the newspaper based on the data available under the schemes which we just discussed. The data is available from the financial year 2016 to 17 till now. According to this data shows that around 4.1 lakh students have been benefited under the scheme but when a community breakup was done in the amount dispersed under the scheme it was found that only 23 percent of beneficiaries or only 23 percent students were from other backward classes and there were only seven percentage of students were from schedule costs and only three percentage were from schedule tribes community. So, this means that the remaining 67 percentage belong to the general category students. In addition to this the news article also mentions that more importantly the size of the amount of the loan that is sanctioned to the general category students tends to be higher than the amount that is sanctioned to the students from other categories. For example, students belonging to general category avail the 70 percentage of the total loan amount covered under the CGFCL. So, visibly we can see a huge gap here in terms of the loans dispersed to different category of students. So, from a social justice perspective we can say that this indicates that there is a problem in which the loans has been dispersed. So, what is the problem here and why it has occurred? The problem is that the under privileged sections are finding it difficult to avail the loans. So, why they are finding difficult? It is because of the main reason that is the lack of awareness. The under privileged sections of our society do not have much awareness in this regard and also the under privileged sections were not able to access banks through their social networks. This can be seen visibly in the data provided by the Ministry of Human Resource Development. So, once there is awareness many from different categories will avail loans. So, in a method of raising awareness in this regard, now we all know about this scheme and its benefits. So, let us try to share this information with the people who are in need so that everyone gets equal opportunity to avail loans and they can attend higher studies. Then as an another solution we can even say that government can run awareness program because if the government can do election campaigns by rallying on roads, then such awareness campaigns can also be carried out so that even the under privileged sections of our society will know about these kinds of schemes and their benefits. You should always take note of these kinds of topics because it will help you to write a mains answer writing and you can substantiate your points by using the data provided in this discussion. So, that is all about this news article. Moving on to the next discussion which is related to the illegal trade of mango's hair and about operation clean art to crack down this illegal trade. The syllabus that can be linked to this discussion is given here for your reference. This news article revolves around the paint brushes. If you see the central manufacturing hub of paint brushes of all types and sizes is share coat. This share coat is located in Bajna district of Uttar Pradesh. Share coat was known for its salt and pepper brushes. In the early 2000s, the secret behind this salt and pepper brushes was found. It was found that the hair in these brushes it was found that it was illegally obtained from the illegal traded mango's hair. So, since 2002 every year there were seizures of mango's hair from various parts of the country where forest officials recovered both large and small quantities of brushes after receiving information from the buyers and even in 2018 a major raid was conducted by wildlife crime control bureau to disrupt the factories in share coat which was producing these paint brushes. Even an operation in the name of operation clean art was conceived by this wildlife crime control bureau. The aim of this operation clean art is to ensure that the mango's hair brush trade should be closed down across the country. It was an ambitious operation because the illegal trade cannot be stopped in one go. So, the wildlife crime control bureau used their learnings. They used advanced intelligence tools and they deployed a large network of undercover operatives who posed as buyers. As a part of this operation clean art even recently one raid was conducted in October in which huge number of brushes with the mango's hair and also raw mango's hair were seized and the people who were conducting this illegal trade were arrested and cases were registered under the wildlife protection act of 1972. According to the regional deputy director of wildlife crime control bureau there are six species of mango's which are found in India and they have mostly recovered the hair of gray mango's in the raids. So, how did the illegal traders got hold of these mango's hair these raw mango's hair were supplied by the hunting communities across the country who poached the animals to get the hair. So, from examination point of view you should know about the protection status of mango's. All species of mango's are listed in schedule 2 part 2 of wildlife protection act of 1972. Even there is a separate chapter in this act which discusses about the prohibition of trade or commerce in trophies, animal articles etc that are derived from certain animals and particularly there are even sections which defines scheduled animal and scheduled animal article. Under section 49a of this act those animals that are listed in schedule 1 or schedule 2 part 2 of the act are called as scheduled animal. So, since mango's is also listed in schedule 2 part 2 of the act it is also a scheduled animal. Then any article that is made from any scheduled animal or even any article or object in which the whole or any part of the scheduled animal is used then that article is known as scheduled animal article. So, in this way hair is a part of mango's. So, mango's hair is a scheduled article and the act prohibits the manufacture or dealing of scheduled animal articles as we saw earlier. So, what is the punishment for such illegal trade? As per section 51 subsection 1a of this act any person who is involved in illegal trade shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term of 1 year to 7 years and the person shall also be imposed with a fine of Rs. 5000. So, in this way in our country protection is given to the animal mango's. Now, internationally if you see under the IUCN red list of threatened species the Indian grey mango's is classified as least concern because these mango's hair were only seized during operation clean art. In addition to these all the species of mango's in India are also listed in appendix 3 of sites that is convention on international trade in endangered species of wild fauna and flora. So, this was about the protection status of mango's. Now, from examination point of view you should also know about wildlife crime control bureau. See this is a statutory body because it has been constituted as per section 38 plus Y of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. It was created to complement the existing state machinery to deal with the wildlife crime which are having ramifications that is effects beyond state and national borders. Control bureau has been envisaged as a multidisciplinary statutory body that will have officials from forests, police, customs and other similar agencies. Its headquarters is situated at New Delhi. Now, let us see some of the important functions of this wildlife crime control bureau. The first function is to collect and collate intelligence that is related to organized wildlife crime activities and then also to disseminate the same information to states other enforcement agencies for immediate action so that they can apprehend the criminals. Then the next function is to coordinate the actions by various officers, state governments, other authorities in connection with the enforcement of the provisions of Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. Then another function is to develop infrastructure and capacity building for scientific and professional investigation into wildlife crimes and also to assist the state governments to ensure success in prosecutions related to wildlife crimes. The next function is to advise the government of India on issues relating to wildlife crimes which are having national and international ramifications and to suggest changes that are required in relevant policy and laws. So, we can say that wildlife crime control bureau acts as an intelligence agency and also as a coordinating agency. So, that is all about this news article. The displayed practice question will be discussed in the last session. Now, we have come to the last session that is the practice questions discussion session. If you look at this first question, it is based on instex. Four statements are given and we have to choose the incorrect statement. We know that instex stands for instrument in support of trade exchanges and it was initiated by France, UK and Germany together. It is an alternative mechanism to trade with Iran. First statement states it functions as a clearing house allowing Iran to continue to sell oil and import other products or services in exchange from the participating countries. Yes, this statement is correct. This is the main purpose of instex. Second statement states the instex instrument is an example for modern form of old barter system. Yes, this statement is also correct because if you see the first statement, it also says products or services in exchange from the participating countries which is nothing but the barter system. Then the third statement states instex is a Tehran based special purpose vehicle which allows non-USD transactions. Yes, it is a special purpose vehicle which allows non-USD transactions but whether it is based on Tehran, no, it is based in Paris. So, this statement is wrong. So, the answer to this question is option C and also remember that this mechanism also allows European nations and non-European nations to participate in this instrument. Now, this next question is based on operation clean art. See, this operation is with respect to the art of painting. So, from this you can directly eliminate option D because it talks about stolen artifacts from India. Other three options are related to painting only but this operation clean art was conceived by Wildlife Crime Control Bureau. So, you can say that in some way this operation has to be related to wildlife. So, from this you can easily mark the correct answer which is option GOS. It states it is an operation to ensure the closing down of illegal mongoose hairbrush trade across India because these hairbrush which is made from mongoose hair is used for painting purposes. Now, this next question is based on Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. The first statement states animals listed under Schedule 2 part 2 are classified as scheduled animals as per provisions of this Act. Actually, according to section 49A of this Act, the animals listed in Schedule 1 and also the animals listed in part 2 of Schedule 2 are classified as scheduled animals. So, this means this statement is correct. Now, the second statement states, Wildlife Crime Control Bureau has been created as per the provisions of this Act. See, this Wildlife Crime Control Bureau is a statutory body because it was constituted under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. It was constituted as per Section 38 clause Y. So, this means this statement is also correct. Here the question asks for the correct statement. So, both these statements are correct. So, the final correct answer is option C. Now, let us see one main question based on GS Paper 3. Antimicrobial resistance is a slow motion tsunami. It is a global crisis that must be managed with the utmost urgency. In this context, define what is meant by antimicrobial resistance. What are the reasons for the growing menace of antimicrobial resistance worldwide? Discuss some of the initiatives taken by India to address this issue. Now, the first statement is just given here to distract you so that you will spend more time on justifying the statement. The actual question is from here to here. So, you have to first define what does this word means. It is the ability of a microorganism to stop an antimicrobial from working against it. Then you have to provide the reasons for this growing menace of AMR. For reasons, you can state that it is rising due to inappropriate use of antibiotics in humans, then overuse or abuse of antibiotics by human, then using of antibiotics for growth promotion and disease prevention in animals, horticulture and fisheries, then use of animal manure in soil, then inadequate treatment of effluence that contains antibiotic residues from pharmaceutical industry, healthcare facilities, etc. So, like this, you can mention some other reasons also from your own viewpoint. Now, next the question asks that discuss some of the initiatives taken by India to address this issue. The first initiative that you should mention is about the National Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance 2017 to 2021. You can mention the objectives of this National Action Plan and you can even give importance to one of its objectives, surveillance. Under this, you can say that already India has an Indian network for fishery and animals antimicrobial resistance and this network generates reliable data on magnitude of the problem of AMR. Then you can mention the next initiative of the government such as banning of colistin because humans were slowly developing resistance against this antibiotic colistin. Then for conclusion, you can say that AMR has many consequences such as many complex surgeries become difficult to undertake because of it, then it had led to no new antibiotics discovery, then it impacts economy and development. So, that is why this statement was made by WHO that it is a slow-motion tsunami and it is a global crisis.


So what I did was I opened up Twitter on my phone and I searched I tried to search for To see someone's lost in the gallehorns as well, so I read gallehorns gun and I pressed search and nothing come up nothing come on the screen. I was like what the hell and Then I had about ten replies in about five seconds people saying what what you want about what you're talking about and Me being a complete new but checked what they were applying to and it said gallehorns gun and I thought Someone had hacked me and looked down on my Twitter. I thought I'm getting hacked here I'm getting hacked here, and then it dawned on me that I signed into Twitter And I'd read it in the wrong place when I went to search for it. I'd actually wrote a tweet but for about five seconds I literally Was terrified so I went on to what got like a destiny youtuber chat On Skype and I asked people in there I was told in my gala on a gun or shit and Guy by the name of a rex gaming.   You're like That's what happened. I wanted my gala horns a gun only my gala horns. So I'm like That's weird.  I was chilling very weird indeed I just fang is a monster These are dying for quite easy. I am on a night for the night.  So yep I thought my account was being hacked me being a noob writing tweets about myself I'm thinking someone else has hacked me and written Yeah, I'm like that sometimes to be especially when I just woke up, especially when I just woke up Now I hope you guys are enjoying my house of walls prison of ours content I still got loads of videos to come on that as well as a lot of news in it for to cover about it as well Which I didn't actually initially know when I was there playing it But yep, hope you guys are enjoying that. I Mean the stream the prisoner value stream didn't go down to well, I didn't hear out every Wednesday I go to gym and then I go straight to football. So I had missed it last week I missed the trials of a so I missed it this week with the prisoner values and if there's anything next week I'll miss that too But when I come back people were telling me it wasn't you didn't go down to well They were noobs basically and I'm like, well You can't be that bad.  So that's what I did. That's crazy. That is but then I know I've met Dij and always that he loves games, but it doesn't mean it's great at them Who else are playing you? I don't even know who else was with him to be honest Was it Professor Roman and somebody else playing it? I thought Professor Roman was good never watched him personally But I thought he was okay at the game Let's get rid of all these bitches Forgot sniped out my face. Come here motherfucking captain.   I Want that vanquisher with field scope? That is what I want That's the only thing I want. I've got every exotic in the game now I've got the obsidian mind the last exotic I needed yesterday or today before and So need to get through I'll check it out I just want the vanquisher with field scout and I need it before the house of wolf drops because When that do you won't be able to get old of vendor weapons. So the vanquisher will be long gone I mean, I've got one now, but it hasn't got full scout on it and you can't reroll the old weapons. So So don't get it within this week and next week and the week after from the nightfuls I'll probably never get it again.  Um as well as because you know Well, you probably don't know but what I'm doing is I am safe Well, I'm ranking up every faction just below actual ranking them up So when house of wolves drops I can apply one bounty to each and get a package from each one So I'm not actually ranking up my future walk-up. I mean my new monkey So I won't get it that way and I never did it anyway I've never got a vanquisher my package I'm about levels about across all three of my character some way past a level 60 And that's that's beyond the character of dismantle. I was deleted as well You guys know I've deleted quite a few characters. I started with a Hunter I created another hunter and I created another hunter. I deleted one hunter to create a titan I eventually deleted that time to create another hunter. But all these characters gone up to level 32 by the way um, I then deleted that same hunter again to create a Another titan and then I could create a deleted another hunter create a warlock.   Come on.  I got my coffee in front of me as well got in cordon.  Come on. I know if you go up there While you kill all these enemies the the doors you'll have to boost your doors Again, this has happened to me numerous times They've done a thing now if you've got too far away You'll have to keep coming back and boost your doors no matter how many waves you kill. She's quite crazy, but you know Another sniper in dudes.  One of I There's no way I've killed them all already Did I want myself? No, whoa, whoa, whoa.  I don't miss him.     There You use sniper zone or you ain't You're not too bad. I've done have to worry about you. Where do you have a gun? I don't know.  Whoa. See what I mean? See what I mean?    I haven't got lung I haven't got lung. I really ain't I mean like I've got one already, but I want that one we feel scared That is what I need and that is what I want All right, mate. What you doing back there? Straight in the face?  These guys just keep coming anymore.   Let's go. Let's just go No scope. Oh mist. I missed Run away. Let's go back up to that before we get battered by them Big Hydra motherfuckers I have a little bit of my coffee because My mouth is getting dry So what we got here?  There should be one more somewhere.     I'm looking so looking forward to the house of walls as well and upgrading my old weapons Oh, that's gonna be so good.   All right, two more. Okay, two more again.  I'm in two more. Is that Is that it? Let's go down. This is A little engram. Hopefully it gives Okay Every primary weapon engram now. I'm like, yes, if I take this as a coup d'oc, I may get the vancensure out of it I may get it Unlike me, but okay, but the amount of tweets I get every day people telling me Or showing me that they got the vancensure from the nightfall and From engrams. I'm like, how can you be so lucky? It's the one weapon. I know I say I've got bad luck, which To me I've got bad luck. I've got almost 2000 hours in this game Yes, I have every exotic in the game, but I've played it from day one every day And so basically, yeah, I should have every exotic in the game, but I don't have the vancensure. I would trade Any exotic for that vancensure. I would trade my gala horn for it because I got two I would trade it for it. I'm not even joking. A trade system in this game would be great I know a lot of you guys would be willing to trade me the vancensure I think in the at the end of the day would ruin the game because you would end up having websites Selling weapons and stuff you get bogus accounts or people that have played the game They've got accounts.    Come on. Come on. Come on Minotaur Here we go.  It was going so well also It was ridiculous Oh, yeah, and I just I just turned off my game. I'm like, yeah I ain't playing you today.   There's normally one of things you could explore here Am I just thinking of somewhere else? Well, probably I'm knowing me But Hello, mate What are you doing there? I know a thing as well. I like about what they've done with this the new raking upgrade old gear Except no one's going to look the same. That's going to be so bad my mate. Um, I won't say his name Well, actually world's name is Barmureface.      They just hardly touched me and they destroyed me. It's crazy I've got a monitor shooting at me. I can see you need to be honest. I'm scared to go and have a look.    It's a little shank hiding but I can't eat him Yeah Running from your grenade the AI in this game is unbelievable, you know it really is I remember when I first played I was like the AI in this game is real. It's real It's real people inside my game.     Come on.   This is half.  Come back from behind that rock.  That's a new model. Can't wait to try it as well. It's called Icarus. It gives you better accuracy while you're airborne That's gonna be based imagine that and all hand cannons um Some hand cannons. Well hand cannons have better accuracy Well airborne anywhere because I don't know if they're both to do so, but imagine the hand cannon with Icarus It's ridiculous. It'd be bad after four on as well. Oh, amazing I love about this as well. It's got further down.   What are you waiting for? Bitch.   Be safe play safe. Yep, dreg New it to another one. Yep, another one New it anybody left up there.  There we go.  What hit me then come on. There's got to be more.   Come on. How many more is there?


So, hi. I'm Dan Hon. I'm going to have to bear with me for a second because I forgot to turn on my presenter notes. So, I live here in Portland, Oregon, and it's been a while since I've spoken at a tech conference.  I've been working as a creative director at Wyden and Kennedy. Some of you may have heard of it. It's one of the biggest independent ad agency networks in the world. And until May this year, I was working there as a creative director. And before that, just to make sure that I'm well on my way to getting the trifecta, I qualified as a lawyer. So, advertising, law. I'm trying to work out what the third most reviled industry in the world would be. Okay, yeah. QA. Yeah. I work on filing incomprehensible bug reports. Or politics, as someone else suggested. So, I trained as a lawyer at Cambridge University. I got a master's in software engineering at Liverpool University and then moved out over to Portland, Oregon about three years ago. And it's been really interesting because I have a background in... I've always been a geek, so I have a background in software. I went and I got my master's because there was a whole bunch of stuff that I knew, but I didn't have the piece of paper that proved that I knew it. And after I qualified as a lawyer, one of the things that I did was I went and joined a start-up in London that made online games. And then when that went predictably tits up, I left and we started our own start-up. And today I want to talk about an idea that I have that I've been developing for the last few years, mainly based on what I've seen coming out of the advertising industry and also other kind of service and product-centered start-ups and products about something called the empathy gap. But first I'll give you some background about what I've seen over the last 10 years or so that has kind of led me to this conclusion. There's always been a geek who's been interested in the space of games, storytelling and what's interesting about them and what can be learned from those particular media. Now, we all know that this is what your stereotypical gamer looks like these days. But the interesting thing here, of course, has been that thanks to Moore's Law, something that had been in one particular part of our culture and by culture I'm going to shorthand and just say Western culture but something that had been in one particular part of Western culture and that hadn't necessarily been particularly well-accepted and even to this day probably is seen as the pursuit in spite of evidence otherwise as being something that 14-year-old teenage boys do in their parents' basement playing Call of Duty, shooting each other in the face and calling them wonderful homophobic slurs, gaming does actually start to look a little bit more like this thanks to the fact that we've taken those wonderful computing devices that we have and we're able to stick them in our pockets now because it was one thing when you could imagine a world where Tetris could be on the front cover of Time Magazine being the gaming craze that took over the world and that the thing that all of these kids and teenagers were spending their time on but when you get that computing power in a phone or a smartphone and the thing about a phone being that because it satisfies your need down Maslow's hierarchy of needs much further down in terms of communication and wanting to get in touch with other people you have an excuse for getting that $600 smartphone you have an excuse for getting all of this superfluous computing power that can be used for games and then we started to see that with stuff like Angry Birds we started to see that with stuff like when you have all of this extraneous computing power in your pocket for one ostensibly respectable adult use which is talking to people or texting people it's finally more socially acceptable for you to start playing games on that thing because you don't need to buy a custom device for it you don't need to buy a single purpose device for it anymore so we've seen that just because of the inexorable process of Maslow in terms of increasing the computing power and just making sure that it's cheap enough to put everywhere and that screens are cheap enough for us to put everywhere the types of things that we can do with those devices start changing and the cultural attitudes to the things that we can do on those devices start changing as well they become more accessible they become so accessible to the point of a few years back we had the success of Zynga with games like Farmville which another way of looking at Farmville as people slowly start to read what someone has very creatively written in the gameplay area the thing about Farmville one way of looking at it is that it happened at roughly the same time when internet access became so much more prevalent and that Farmville is expressly designed to be an attention suck and an attention sink it's designed to keep you coming back to it possibly in a way that's way more effective I wasn't going to say better but effective something like Daytime TV for example so we start to see in correlation obviously doesn't imply causation but we do start to see things like people spending less time on Daytime TV and spending more time on things like Farmville so that's gaming I think gaming just because it has moved from being something that has been a niche interest to something that you can legitimately say is a medium now as opposed to a genre is really interesting in terms of what it teaches us in terms of interaction mechanics that's not to say anything about all the crap that's gamification and all that kind of stuff and at the same time you've got a massive increase in the quality of storytelling that we've got so I've just come out of spending the last four years in advertising at Widen and Kennedy they're an independent ad agency their office here in Portland is over 30 years old and they've done some of the best and most effective and emotional short form storytelling and one of the reasons why I was interested in joining them was because they're a traditional ad agency they are 30 years old and they're really really good at that TV stuff they're really really good if you want to come to them and you're saying right we've accidentally sponsored the Olympics which is effectively what P&G told them and we need to work out how we as P&G can possibly be relevant to an Olympics watching audience and can you please craft a story for us that's going to be relevant, that's going to be interesting and capture the attention of all of these people who are watching all of these athletes that they actually don't know anything about so it was as much about learning about what makes a company like that tick how they learn to tell the stories that they learn to tell and also bizarrely one of the things that they don't get that much credit for are things like user research and strategy and insight so how they decide to work out and how they figure out what audience they want to talk to what makes that audience tick and what the best way to reach that audience is and then they may go about that reaching that audience in different ways because when they get their advertising right and sometimes they get it really really right it's because they can understand the client's problem and they can understand how the people they're trying to reach fit into that problem so storytelling is definitely getting better it feels like it's enjoying a renaissance it feels like the internet is definitely one of those things which just because of its change in nature as a distribution platform whether or not you think broadcast media is a good thing it's definitely widened or changed the playing field so that there are different and more interesting ways of getting in touch with you so one of the accounts that I worked on over the last couple of years was Facebook which normally people feel a bit weird about because A, it's Facebook B, because people normally don't think that Facebook needs to advertise because have you heard they have over one billion monthly active users they seem to have this thing pretty well locked up but Facebook at least have the self-awareness to know that they have a perception problem would be one way of putting it so one of the things that we looked at doing for them was how do we get people to start to give credit for despite all of the other stuff that they may or may not do the fact that they do provide a free communications network for one billion people so every so often I got to do fun stuff like this and this is the bit where I get to show you some of the work that I've done on for the last couple of years or at least maybe for about 30 seconds it makes you like Facebook there was a lot of internal debate about the kind of stuff that the team started coming back with scripts like this we were a bit worried about the kind of fake out that you see there because you're going yeah okay this is pretty good and then you kind of hit them at the end with the thumb but there was something very nice about that we got to go and I'm an interactive I was an interactive creative director which meant that I didn't really get to go out on film productions or anything like that very often I got to go out on things like website productions which as we know are very very different things there isn't a catering truck when we build websites most of the time you don't get to go to New Zealand to create a website on location although actually a team did get to go to New Zealand to create a website on location and that was a very different thing but one of the nice things about that particular piece was that you would have expected that a lot of the people that you saw in that spot were actors but we went out and we casted actual cosplayers who had spent the last three years making each particular costume we went to a proper con and everything and that was I think part of I think that type of honesty and that type of accuracy and reflecting that reality was part of what made that work but anyway what I promised you all was this idea of an empathy gap and I think what we're seeing is it's really really easy for us to make complex systems now like stupendously easy for us to create complex systems I talked before about Moore's Law I talked before about the fact of that without even trying with just you know waiting and then just waiting for Transist account to double every 18 months we've been able to deploy almost without effort stupendous communication networks around the world you know we have an almost unimaginable amount of computing power in our pockets that most of us just buy new versions of every two years because we can not necessarily because we need it and we're talking about taking that embedded computing power and just because we're able to reduce the power requirements we're able to increase the complexity of the data and then we're able to get the data to a level of 3 to 8 months or so we're running out of places to put it which is why we're starting to talk about things like the Internet of Things which is why we're starting to talk about okay well you know it's relatively trivial now for over 30 million homes to have a pretty good 3D depth sensing camera that also does skeleton tracking that's just in 30 million homes now and that's one of a billion monthly active users and Google is kind of using all the data from every single one of those phones to produce traffic information around the world and those are just there it's kind of easy for us to create all of those complex systems it's easy for us to deploy them and I say easy I mean easier than it was before it's still obviously hard but it's definitely easier than it was before and at the same time we can do them at scale so you can get to stupendous numbers of users numbers of users that you know just 10 years ago you would have thought unimaginable in an incredibly short amount of time and yet you know there's still the VCs down in Silicon Valley who are saying well that's not fast enough I need to see an even steeper hockey stick curve on your growth chart and all of this is because of Moore's law but the thing is is that a side effect of this when it's really easy to build all of this stuff is that it's also really easy to lose sight of who's using it why they're using it and what they're using it for you know one of the things that I saw over the last four years you know when I was embedded as kind of like a I felt a bit like a sleeper cell inside of the ad industry there was all this talk about companies being social you know you saw it even with things like doc cells as clue train manifesto you saw it with all of these ideas about companies being conversational about how the intent was really really great because it ushered in this period of two-way conversation companies could listen and they could talk back for the first time but you see what's really interesting at the same time is unless we look at what you're talking about something or someone that is a sociopath is the fact that they're really good at listening and telling you what you want to hear and never actually doing anything about it and that's one of the dangers I think of being able to deploy all of these systems that do things but don't necessarily quite do the right things and that's what I really mean when I'm talking about the empathy gap that's what I really mean when I'm talking about there's all of this technology that is easier than ever before for us to put out there in the real world and the fact that we're able to do it at such large scale, the fact that we're able to do it by just looking at dashboards the fact that user research is as hard as it has ever been and hasn't necessarily gotten much easier whereas it has gotten so much easier to deploy to large numbers of people means that it's somewhat easy for us to forget what the impact of that technology is when it does get out there in the real world and that's where we get to things like Google in a way being surprised as to the reaction to Google Glass because obviously one of the arguments there is well you know you can do the same thing with a phone you can just take a phone out and take a picture of someone but it turns out that there is a qualitative emotional difference between someone having cameras on their glasses that may or may not be recording you all the time and something like a more visible way to collect where I take out my phone and I take a photo of you and we see this in other areas as well so one of the clients that I worked on at Wyden was Nike and I worked on the launch of this the Nike Fuel Band how many people here have activity monitors or fitness monitors or use apps that do those things on their phone these days which I imagine is most people I was taking a look at the front page of the iTunes store the other day and at least I could find at least five different apps that did step counting now you know I wouldn't be surprised if the iTunes music player comes with a step counter bundle I'm like the fact that it is in the SDK of the major operating systems for mobile devices just means that if I want to get a step count I can just get it and again that's one of these things when I'm talking about the ease of creating complex systems is now available and the question is what are you going to use it for and how are you going to let a user interact with it or how does a user want to interact with it so the main paradigm the main way that people interact with devices like this is either physically through something like this where I can press a button and it will tell me exactly how sedentary I have been so far today or through something like a dashboard and in fact it feels like most of these devices allow you to access them through a dashboard and a dashboard doesn't necessarily feel like it's the right way or the only way to access information like this so for example when people talk about making information more ambient when they talk about taking all of this data around you and then liberating it from just a screen and then making it part of your environment it feels a bit weird when they say that they say ambient and then what we actually see in a lot of the concept pieces are more screens in more places displaying the same information to you in the same kind of dashboard the number of times that I saw is a reference piece I don't know if you've seen it but there's a movie called Stranger Than Fiction which is a very very typical go-to piece for this type of information visualization it's the pop-up numbers that appear in a translucent display situated in 3D space around you that annotate the number of times you're brushing your teeth to make sure that you hit the optimal number of times that you brush your teeth so I don't necessarily think that stuff like this is right it certainly looks cool but you don't necessarily know if 26 runs is a good number you don't know if 50 climbs is a good number if 847 thousand steps is good you know there's a spark line in there because hey spark lines you know you may as well put one in there it's blue and it's got circles in it and then you look at the page for the designer who put this together who is an incredibly good designer this is all front-end this isn't a terrible piece of a terrible flash monstrosity that you might have seen a few years ago this is all nicely put together using open source open standards works wonderfully in any kind of browser but from my point of view you look at stuff like this and then you ask your doctor do you want me to be taking my blood pressure every single day and knowing what it is every single day to which I suspect for the vast majority of people the answer is no I would not want you looking at your blood pressure every single day because it's probably going to do bad things to your blood pressure right you don't necessarily need to see all of this stuff one of the ways of looking at how to make the information that's gathered in these types of devices and how to make it usable and actionable when it is actionable is when is the right time to be notified about it so for example something like this might not need to be brought to my attention ever until there's an event that requires it to be brought to my attention so for example you could be looking at my three month moving average of activity and then you could wait for say two weeks of below average activity and then you could push a notification to me and say look it looks like something has happened over the last couple of weeks I can show you what that is and I can show you how that's changed and then maybe here are some things that you might want to do about it or if you want we can just set up an appointment with your doctor if there's something that we need to talk about but it doesn't necessarily mean that there's an expectation that as a user I go into my dashboard every day and I see every single one of these numbers I feel like if the quantified self brigade started designing cars when I got into my car in the morning I would see detailed readouts of the historical performance of every single cylinder in my car and how every single wheel had been doing and the up to the minute PSI reading for each single tire when actually I just want to start my car and I just want to get somewhere so all of this stuff just feels like it's not necessarily taking account of what people's actual daily lives are like this stuff feels like it is information for the sake of information it doesn't necessarily help in the understanding it might at best give you an idea of the kind of rhythm that you have but I would argue that a lot of the decisions here in terms of the design of dashboards like this aren't necessarily around actionable information and at the same time we see it that's one person in this audience who watches Little Britain this is from a sketch from a BBC comedy show called Little Britain there is a character in it you can see her here and her main line in it is computer says no so someone comes in with this story this customer service story and then she taps away at her computer for a bit and she turns back to them and she says computer says no and again I think the thing that's going on here is that it's very very easy for us to design these systems and it's very very easy for us to hide behind them when they're designed it's very easy for example for someone to say I'm sorry there's nothing I can do about this because of the system that's been designed and we should be able to step back from that and say well someone had to design that system someone wrote that algorithm whether it was someone on the development side who was involved in the decision making or someone on the business side who was made on the decision making but the technology reflects the decisions that we've made along the way we can't excuse all of this on saying well you know it's just it's just technology it's just the computer the computer did it well we designed it that way we have a responsibility and we shouldn't hide behind that I think there's a really really good example in something that Dropbox did recently it was a very bad thing that Dropbox did but they did a bad thing well you like lawyers here in America so I was reading that there was a supreme court decision AT&T which is a wonderful company they recently decided I say recently they decided that they wanted to remove the ability for people to take them to court people who use their services to take them to court especially in things like class actions because that stuff can be really expensive and like really annoying if you're a large multinational company you don't really want people taking you to court so what they did was in their terms of services if you use AT&T services unless you explicitly opt out you agree to arbitration arbitration is much easier to deal with than a court case and how do you opt out well obviously this is a telecommunications company one that has extensive fiber optic landline fiber networks around the country it's got an extensive wireless network so the way that you opt out to this is you write a letter to them to a P.O. Box that may or may not be replied to it fails silently which as we all know is a bad thing to do it succeeds silently as well which is Dropbox did the same thing recently they also kind of jumped on this bandwagon I imagine that it's very hard to kind of go against this kind of stuff you've got counsel and you've got your company lawyers saying well you know everyone else has managed to reduce their cost by saying by default we will only allow arbitration and that allows us to reduce our risk and blah blah blah blah and that's presumably said okay fine we'll go do that but they decided that you need to offer an opt out right so you've probably seen this if you use Dropbox if you logged in over the last nine months or so I can't remember exactly when it happened but there would have been a pop up that said that they were changing their terms of services and that if you wanted to opt out of the arbitration clause then you just needed to go to something like Dropbox.com and they had built something that would let you do that you can just put in your first name your last name it's already tied to your Dropbox account because you have to be logged in to do it that's the equivalent of signing and you just hit submit they just decided that they weren't going to be dicks about it and that's what I mean when I talk about this idea of this thing called the empathy gap which is there's this expectation the thing when Dropbox does something like this is they point out how easy it was for them to do this it was easy for them to build this everyone in this room knows how easy it is to build something like an opt out like this so when a company decides to not do this they are deciding to explicitly fuck you over pardon my language now they may well communicate in different ways why they have decided not to do that but this is the thing that technology is starting to show us it's that we are in charge of the things that we build we're in charge of the things that we design Dropbox chose to do this they could have chosen just to have the PO Box AT&T could have well I don't know if anyone here has worked with AT&T they may have been able to build something like this probably would have cost them a lot of money but the choice remains and I think that this idea of a gap illustrates the fact that as things like this start to happen more and more often and I hope that they start to happen more and more often they will illustrate a gap in what looks like intentional lack of provision of service you know we are deliberately not giving you an easy way of doing this because we don't want you to do it or because ultimately we don't like you and we don't really want to treat you that well and all of that kind of goes to this point that technology doesn't have to be dehumanizing unless of course you're Robert Scoble in which case it's just terrifying so it feels like there's got to be a better way Google obviously could have launched or introduce Google Glass to us in a more friendly way but I think all of this shows that technology is a conscious choice you know it depends very very much upon being able to stop and say you know what we can build things a different way or just because we can build a form we can build a form think of all the good things just a simple form can do which is why as much of this isn't just about the fact that yes we can fiddle around the edges and it's easier for us to build all of this stuff than ever before but the thing that hasn't changed is the question as to why we're building it and what we're building it for so there's two good examples one of them is probably one that a lot of you have heard before which is Zappos Zappos is interesting to me because it's not a technologically interesting company you know it is an e-commerce retailer it is not that hard to build an e-commerce retailer the thing that Tony Shea says that distinguishes Zappos from every single other e-commerce retailer especially in the shoe vertical is their relentless and almost terrifying dedication to customer service so if you do a quick google about Zappos and customer service you'll see things like if you call them up and you say I'm looking for this particular brand and size on your site and I can't find it they are trained to tell you where else you can buy it because they recognize that you have a problem which is I want to get these shoes and you just want help in getting that problem fixed Zappos point of view is that if they help you to solve that problem which may or may not involve them it may or may not involve them sending you off to a competitor but their job is to solve that particular problem that shoe related problem for you and that if they do that then you will come back to them because you have shoe problems and Zappos is here in the selling of shoes to help you with your shoe problems I write a daily newsletter and anyone who's read it will know that I'm very very excited about a thing that's happening in the United Kingdom called the Government Digital Service a number of things happened to have happened at the right time at the Government Digital Service in the UK one of them being that a conservative government came to power that wanted to save a lot of money and that a woman Baroness because this is Britain Baroness Martha Lane Fox who is a very distinguished internet entrepreneur and ostensibly and reliably actually one of those who gets it and is trying to do the right thing also got into the right position to provide political cover and what they're trying to do is they're trying to create digital services for everyone in the UK so good that people prefer to use them and it's interesting because they're a government body so they have a remit to be accessible to everyone they are serving everyone in the UK so one of the first things that they did was they got rid of practically every single government domain and they consolidated everything against one government domain gov.uk and they started building services like this so they have a very kind of data and user centered approach one of the pages that they worked on very early on as part of their alpha was the bank holiday alpha which is the public holiday alpha so they would get a lot of google they would get a lot of incoming queries asking kind of when's the next public holiday when's the next back holiday came up with lots of different designs and it turns out that most people just want to know when the next one is so they just built a page that just shows where the next one is and it's this kind of focus on solving user problems so one of the other ones that they did was a voter registration service so you can do all of these things online now and you can do all of these things online in a way that has been structured from user research first and a lot of stuff that's interesting about what these guys have been doing has been because it's not like they were building these services well in essence they did build these services from scratch the services existed before you could find out when the next bank holiday was before but not in a way that necessarily solved your when is the next bank holiday problem you could kind of register or you could kind of renew your car registration online but not in a user friendly way and one of the really interesting things that they have is this thing that I'll end on which is this is a cut out that they have in their main office in Whitehall it's something that someone put up on their window and it's just a piece of A4 paper with a little holes torn out of the middle and the arrow pointing to people in the street and it's a reminder for them that their users are just regular people on the outside it lets them have a remarkable degree of latitude in terms of thinking about what a genuine user need is and that they're able to focus on this delivery of solving user need problems so all of this is to say that what I'm working on now after having seen how the advertising industry deals with communications issues after having seen how game design can affect the systems that we create after seeing all of these things and storytelling working together after seeing all of these things in user research one of the big things that I'm really excited about is the opportunity for technology to be significantly more empathic and more sympathetic to actual people and the problems that they're facing so all of this is everything from internal applications customer facing stuff every single aspect of how we use technology feels like because it's become more accessible now because it's the kind of stuff that's in our pocket now there's a massive opportunity there and the thing that I'm most excited about is closing that empathy gap thanks very much


I had a really interesting experience last year when I sat down with a friend and she said she'd had an eating disorder for a really long time. She was bulimic. And I asked her, you know, confidentially, I was like, why do you actually do this? Like what like the question that no one has asked you, why do you think you do this? And her answer kind of surprised me when she said, I do it because I hate myself. And I thought that was kind of interesting because we assume that, you know, a bulimic or anorexic person does it to look better. But why would she do that to herself if she hated herself? Now later since then I've learned that we do all kinds of things to ourselves or we avoid doing things because deep down what we're actually saying is I don't deserve to be XYZ.  What's up guys? Alex Hein here, author of the book Master of the Day. Now for me, it's interesting. My story is a little bit similar where I wasn't bulimic or anorexic, but what I'm saying is I have and still have honestly body image issues in the sense that I was always skinny. I got bullied for being skinny. My whole family commented on being skinny and they still comment and every woman I've ever dated has commented on being skinny. Now what that means is it's exactly the same if you were raised as a kid you were fat.  It would really affect you and affect your action for the long term right? Well the same is true for me and so you could absolutely say that I have a body image issue because I am obsessive about not losing weight which because of digestive problems and just the way my body naturally is that's what it default wants to do. And so the longest time you know whenever someone would say like you're so skinny or a girl I dated would be like you need to eat more food, you need to... it was like having a second mom right? You need to do this, you need to do that, bossing me all around and I'm like I'm like chained to what this person wants from me. But what happened to me was that over the years of just trying to deal with this eventually that feeling just became really strong.   I really do not want it and you've probably had this experience too in your own life. It could be with your physical body, it could be with another aspect of your life but what this experience really is is one thing and that one thing is resistance. So that uh pressurized feeling is a feeling of not accepting whatever the situation is.  I don't want that. I choose refund. That is not what I wanted or signed up for. The uh feeling is when your partner or someone you're dating does something that you don't want them to do and instead of accepting it you're like no what what are you doing like stop just stop doing that or it's the same contraction you get when you look at your bank account and your bank account says negative $50 and you're like that's not right it's not supposed to be like that. I don't want that like screw this I'm not going to check my bank account anymore and the thing that I learned that has since changed my life dramatically is that if you can embody one trait that will make your life better internally I'm talking about this whole corny inner peace thing like actually liking yourself actually being okay with the way life's going actually not getting agitated about every little thing or upset over whatever that one thing is allowing it's non-resisting it's just letting the inside be clear so here's what I want you to do I know that I did that blame game experiment recently but this one is a little bit different this is a non-resistance game allow so here are a few examples you can practice it when you walk into the mirror in the bathroom and you look in the mirror in the morning and you see something you don't like rather than going I look so fat or oh man I look so weak what I want you to do is just say I accept I accept okay it's okay that's it say I accept okay it's okay and then you can do whatever you need to do for yourself when you look at your bank account and there's not enough money rather than getting into this panic fight or flight neurotic thing just say it's okay okay I accept repeat those three things it's okay I will not resist this is the fact right now and if there's something going on real in your relationship or in your life or with your school grades or you're stressing out about work or school it's okay okay I accept it's okay and then you can do whatever has to happen to improve your life and an interesting thing happens the first thing is that when you accept you say it's okay I accept I'm going to allow this I'm not going to resist you're calm you're okay internally there's no emotional stuff turning up and now you can take clear headed action towards whatever that is so you can be 50 pounds overweight think you look like garbage and look in the mirror and be like you know what I accept I'm not going to resist this is where I am right now now what do I have to do you could look at the bank account and say this sucks I have a ton of debt I accept I'm not going to resist now what do I need to do or in my relationships or I'm always single because I date the wrong kind of people that are messed up and treat me poorly okay I accept I'm not going to resist now what do I have to do for the next steps and I'll tell you this last hundred days of doing this experiment I've had so much it's so cliche but peace like the thing I never have I'm a calm person but I almost never have this complete inner just clear just completely clear no fear no resistance no stress even though I have a lot of my plate when you do this you'll have such an inner sense of calm you're not going to get upset over little things you're not going to get upset over your body or your diet or your money or the person you're dating you're not going to get upset because you're just letting it go it's cool it's okay I allow I don't resist and then I get on with my life and I do the things that I have to do so before you go I want you to leave a comment there below let me know for you what is the one thing you could practice as far as this non-resistance exercise hey guys Alex here I hope that video helped now the best way to stay in touch is to grab my free personal development and weight loss challenge at modern health monk forward slash youtube you can also check it out in the link in the description there below and otherwise come check out my last two videos that just came out that will also help you reach your fitness and your life goals


Okay, here's a few observations for you to maybe write down and pay attention to that will turn up the sensitivity of your gaslighting radar in case someone's gaslighting in your life.  Secondly, you ask yourself, am I too sensitive?   Number four, you make decisions, you make choices in your life with your gaslighter more in mind than yourself being in mind in those choices you're making. Five, you frequently make excuses for your gaslighter's behavior to friends and family who watch them gaslighting you.


Sup guys, welcome back to another video. My name is Geez, I was about to put myself off there. My name is white Morpheus and I come to you reacting to the 54th best player in the NFL for the year of 2022 His name is Jeffrey Simmons. He plays defensive tackle for the Titans when I think of the name Jeffrey Simmons I don't think of the Titans But I do know the name I recognize the name he was on the list last year or at least I assume he was But I have been wrong before with all of that in mind. Let's get into the video No, it must have been in the Simmons. Sorry must have been in the in the Titans last Problem Big buddy a problem. All right guys. Well, just how much of a problem. Let's have a look at the stats Well, well, well Jeffrey Bernard Simmons, Jr. Is 25 years of age. He's an absolute baby July 28 1997 6 foot 4 305 Goddamn pounds went to Mississippi State from 16 to 18 That means a three-year college career got picked up in the first round of the 2019 draft with pick number 19 and he's been at the Titans ever since he made his first Pro Bowl appearance last year and Lo and behold, he's made his first top 100 appearance. He's a DT He got 8.5 sacks last year brings his total to 13 and a half sacks 41 games played 135 combined tackles 13 and a half sacks one force fumble three fumble recoveries and 12 passes deflected he he pulled out last year. He did he played 17 games Got career highs in multiple statistics and look at the end of the day. Let's have a look at his personal life Let's do a bit of TMZ here in college He was a two-time member of the SEC Academy Academic honor role Simmons's brother Dylan Bradley played football at Southern Miss and then spent time with the Minnesota Vikings while his uncle Jason Hatcher Hatcher Played 10 total seasons with the Dallas Cowboys and Washington Redskins Simmons was a Relative of Bradley. He was also a relative of Hatcher away from football Simmons enjoyed fishing and spending time outdoors He has a son named Jeffrey Jr. and two sisters Brooke and Ashley And with all that in mind Holy shit Honestly, bro, I've got absolutely nothing to say But that's just a really recognizable voice and one that I'm gonna remember forever. Cheers, mate We're having fun here. We are having fun. I Knew I recognized the name. I didn't recognize the team, but I certainly recognized the name.  What have I missed? I've missed us Six four three hundred and five.  He looks all of 350.  He's been put under the Wonderlick test but Failed miserably and Jeep is crazy He's hilarious man. That's one thing. He doesn't lack confidence It's become nearly impossible for anyone to block Titan's defensive tackle Jeffrey Simmons My oh god, I couldn't do it. Could I I really need that that rumble in the voice that rumble in the in the throat Legendary though, let's do my favorite young defensive tackle in the NFL It ain't even close. That's done something to my throat.  I need a drink He chooses to put his hands on people's chests and run them over It's a grown man playing defensive line. I'm bigger than you.  What's the move that you? Imagine knowing that's coming for you each and every week.  That to the quarterback. That's what I want to know football. I want to know the conversations Either on the sideline or in the locker room because I tell you what they can't be Lot of bigger guys they have what I call biggest kid in class syndrome They kind of just try to muscle people Jeffrey knows hand placement and Tell you what there's nothing more Jeffrey would like than to bring a Biggest kid in class down to ground Which I love to watch Simmons had his way with the Bengals line in the divisional playoffs where we had three of the Titans nine set six Nine sex in one game Listen to this kind Sorry as I say can't I mean it's a good can't type thing It's not a bad thing here in New Zealand and all I'm listening for is the commentary team to say And pushed it backwards five yards and threw him to the turf like it was raggedy in Simmons has been a one-man show The show he put on in the playoffs was the common I knew we'd hear one more I knew we'd hear one nearly unblockable Titan. There's Jeffrey Simmons who says I don't think so Jeffrey Simmons All right, so we've seen Jason Robinson and Jonathan Taylor They would beat job is he's relentless matter who it is. Man to me. He's top three in his position I love all sorts of like I'll tell you what guys Mike Evans was certainly on my team last year No doubt about it my my fantasy team and he came through with you know 18 points 20 points What have you and he came through in the Super Bowl, you know, he had two catches for like what 40 yards I mean big catches big time play is a big time player But he's in the next video and we've got three more videos to go until we reach the end So I'm just trying to you know sort of just make the most of these being that I am white Morpheus and Look, are you gonna take the blue pill or are you gonna take the red pill? That question I will ask you once again At the end of the series and with that in mind Thanks for watching guys, and I'll see you back here shortly to check out Mike Evans What an absolute legend Tampa Bay Buccaneers Super Bowl winner as we know I will be back in the Bucks this year, so I can't wait. Cheers guys. Peace out