Ladies and gentlemen, the railroad hour. Here comes our star-studded show train. Tonight, the Association of American Railroads presents the Florence Ziegfeld musical Whoopie, starring Eddie Cantor, Eileen Wilson, and your host, Gordon MacRae. Our choir is under the direction of Norman Luboff, and our music is arranged and conducted by Carmen Dragon. Yes, tonight another great musical success is brought to you by the American Railroads.  And now, here is Gordon MacRae. Thank you very much. Good evening, ladies and gentlemen. This is Gordon MacRae helping to bring you another in our series of musical successes. And tonight, we present that famous Ziegfeld extravaganza, Whoopie. We are happy indeed that in bringing you Whoopie, we have with us tonight the star of the original Broadway production. It's America's beloved comedian, Eddie Cantor, portraying his famous role of Henry Williams, the hypochondriac who has made a nervous wreck of himself.  It's Juan Ennis, the old Indian kid himself. I thought you was back East in college, Juan Ennis. I just got back this morning. Oh, here for a little trouble, eh? Trouble? I thought there was to be a wedding today. There is! Sheriff Bob is marrying your old girlfriend, Sally Morgan. That's the trouble. You're wrong, Pete. I'm not planning to make trouble for Sally. We'll soon see. Here comes the bridegroom, Sheriff Bob. Juan Ennis, what are you doing back in town? I'm back for the wedding, Sheriff. You only came here to embarrass Sally. Her father promised me on his deathbed that Sally would be mine, and no Indian or party Indian is going to take her away from me. But just remember, Juan Ennis, I ain't taking no trouble from you. Hmm. Reckon you've lost your girlfriend, Indian. I know that better than you do, Pete. But I guess I can come to the wedding, can't I? Boy, you sure can.  See, me and the boys are going to say our name, Sally, to sort of wish her luck. I've come a long way to do that myself. I'd like you to know just how I feel. You're right under window now. Go to it. Love me, or leave me, and let me be lonely. You won't believe me, and I love you only. I'd rather be lonely than happy with somebody else. You might find the night time the right time for kissing, but night time is my time for just reminiscing, regretting instead of forgetting with somebody else. You need no one unless that someone is you, dependently blue. You have it today to give back tomorrow for my love. You won't believe me, but I love you only. I'd rather be lonely than happy with somebody else. The right time for kissing, but night time is my time for just reminiscing, regretting instead of forgetting with somebody else. Look that way, Pete, but I'll be around. Here comes Henry Williams' nurse. He's probably lost a little hypochondriac again. Oh, boy, I haven't seen Henry in nearly two hours. Help me look for him, will you? Confidentially, nurse, is Henry Williams really as sick as he says he is? No, but he thinks he has every illness that was ever invented. The terrible part is he's taken so many pills they can't operate. He keeps rolling off the table. You know, I can't understand why a nurse bothers with a man who only thinks he's sick. Oh, when a woman falls in love, there's a lot of things about her people can't understand. Oh, I wish I could find Henry. Here he comes now. He must have caught a terrible cold. Hello, folks. Henry Williams, what are you doing with that cow? I just took a little walk with her. With a cow? Henry, as your nurse, I'm supposed to take you for your walk. I know, but I feel much safer with a cow.  She's a contended cow. Well, oh, you must be tired from your walk. Sit down here by me. There. Now let me hold your hand. It's not heavy. I can manage. Henry, when I hold your hand like this and put my arm around you and snuggle close like this, doesn't it suggest anything to you? Yes, but with my health, I'd better not think about it. Oh, most girls go for these big, handsome cowboys, but not me.  Henry, will you marry me? Mary, put me down. Put me down. You know the condition of my heart. Besides, I'm a half-breed. A half-breed? I breathe through one side of my nose. Henry, you can't fool me. You're no thicker than I am. I can read you like a book. You can? Well, don't miss chapter three. I got around a lot when I was younger.  Oh, Mary, Henry. Sally, you're supposed to be getting ready for your wedding. I was, but they told me why Neneth was here, and I must be, and it's only for a moment. Well, I'll go and see if I can find him. If I find you, I'll tell him. He has no business coming back and bothering you on your wedding day. I'll tell him. Hey, remember? He's an Indian. Then I'll tell it to him with the reservations. See you later. Sally, Sally, what will the sheriff say if he knows? I don't care. I've got to find my Neneth before. Sally. Oh, one Neneth. I've been watching you on the other side of the mission. Well, I'd better find Henry before he goes back to that heifer. Oh, this is the first time I've ever had competition from a cow. I had to come to wish you good luck, Sally. Oh, Sally, there's still time for you to sneak away with me. We could lose ourselves in the mountains. It can't be, one Neneth.  But if you care for me... I do, one Neneth.  Just an Indian boy. No matter what I'll do, I'll never be more than that to your race. Oh, I'm sorry. I wish you luck and happiness, Sally. I didn't bring you a gift, but I'll send you one later. You came yourself, didn't you? All I could get for you was this flower, a red rose. That means more to me than anything, one Neneth, because it comes from you. I'm bringing a red, red rose. For you, one Neneth, I'm only trying to do what I think best. Please try to understand. I think I do understand very clearly. Goodbye, Sally. One Neneth. Sally, Sally, what's the matter, crying on your wedding day? I'm in trouble, Henry. You're in trouble. Look at me. I've got five dangerous ailments and very little chance of recovering from any of them.  You knew what to do. Sally, you're not married yet. Lots of things can happen between now and the time you say I do as for me. Every time I hear that march from low and grim, I am always on the outside looking in. Maybe that is why I see the funny side. When I see a fallen brother take a bride, weddings make a lot of people sad. But if you're not the groom, they're not so bad. Another bride, another groom, another sunnies, honeymoon, another season, another reason for making wolfies. The choir sings. Here comes the bride. Another victim is by her side. He lost his reason because it's the season away. Countless ages, you'll find it everywhere. Somebody makes good wages. Somebody wants her share.  She makes him strudels and bake some pies. What is it all for? It's all he'll fall for. Maybe another year or maybe less. What's this I hear? Or can't you guess? She feels neglected and he's suspected of making wolfies. She sits alone most every night. He doesn't fold or even write. He says he's busy, but she said is he? He doesn't make much money. $5,000 per.  He says now judge, suppose I fail, the judge says budge, write into jail. You'd better keep her. You'll find it's cheaper. I'll do anything for a bride except be a groom. Henry listen, a lot of terrible outlaws are going to cause trouble. The sheriff wants to protect me. He wants you to drive me over to Martin's Junction to meet him. Well, I can't now. You see, I'm so mixed up. I don't know whether to take four of these pills at two o'clock or two of these pills at four o'clock. My stomach is confused too. It's still on daylight saving time. Is Henry? Oh, okay, let's go. Oh, Henry, I knew you'd help me. I even left a note for the others explaining what's happened. Quickly, Henry, there's no time to lose. Let's go. My car's just around the corner. Follow me, Sally. Jim, come here quick. Al, what is it, Sheriff? Sally's gone. Sally's gone? Yeah, where's that Indian, Juan Ennis? Well, here he is, Sheriff. I caught him lurking at the edge of the crowd.   Say, has anybody seen Henry Williams?  I'm worried about Sally. Sally? Oh, oh, I just found this note for you, Sheriff. It's in Sally's handwriting. Oh, read it. Bob, I just can't marry you. And don't look for me because when you read this, I will be far away. I have eloped with Henry Williams. Well, what do you know? What we do to a critter that steals a horse, at least one stole my woman. We're going to ride him down, boys, and then we're going to hang him up. I don't understand. Why, only a while ago, she said to me, hey, the railroads are finishing up their part and the task of getting people home from their Christmas and New Year trips. But even while winding up this important job, the railroads are already well along with arrangements for the efficient handling of another big travel movement. The swift, comfortable journey of people from all over the country to Washington to see that great national ceremony, the inauguration of a president of the United States. Going to the capital city to take part in this inauguration or to see it is a traditional American custom. And for more than a century now, the railroads have played an increasingly important part in its observance. When Martin Van Vuren was inaugurated in 1837, a branch railroad had just been built to Washington. To the nation's capital, this new road brought what the newspapers called a great concourse of respectable strangers from all parts of the Union. At least a thousand people arrived on the trains. As population increased and the rail network spread over the country, more and more interest was taken in the great national ceremony. The number of persons going to the inauguration also increased until in modern times, the railroads have been called upon to bring into Washington and to take home again more than 100,000 persons in a single day. This year it is anticipated that the attendance at the ceremony will exceed that of any previous inauguration. The celebration will not be limited to the one day of the inauguration itself, but will extend over most of that week. In addition to the official ceremony, the colorful three-hour parade and the numerous other special features, there will be an opportunity to visit important national historic shrines in and around the capital city. So once more the railroads are making ready to carry the throngs who will be going to Washington to see President Truman inaugurated on January 20th and to carry them in any and all weather, dependably, comfortably, safely. Now back to whoopee, starring Eddie Cantor, Eileen Wilson, and your host, Gordon Macrae. Carl, what's the matter with it? I don't know, it just stopped. Have you got gas? Have I got gas? When my father died, he left me a million dollars and two years I spent half of it on bicarbonate. Have I got gas? I mean gasoline. Of course I've got gasoline. How do you think we got here? Ketchup? I'll get out, I'll probably find the trouble. Uh-huh, I told you I'd find the trouble. What is it? No gasoline. Oh, Henry, I thought you'd save me, I trusted you.   Henry, I didn't tell you the whole truth. You're not taking me to the sheriff, you're taking me away from him. Uh-huh. You just left out the details. You mean you're running away from your wedding? Yes, by this time Bob and all the cowboys will probably be looking for it. This is terrible, let's start walking back, take my arm. No, give me your arm, I'm weaker. Henry, I still haven't told you the whole truth. More details?  In that note I left for Bob, I said I'd eloped with you. You did what? Oh, well, I'll admit I came west to die, but I don't want to die from Bob Wells. I want to die from my own sicknesses in bed with doctors, nurses and flowers and a little fruit. What, what, what'll I do if the sheriff comes? Here, take this. Put down that gun, it kills people, drop it, throw it away. No Henry, I'll put it here on the seat of the car. That's better. Now Sally Morgan, we've got to get you out of these mountains before anything happens to your reputation. But you're here to protect me. I know, but even a weak man can have his weaknesses. Henry, look, headlights, help is coming. Yeah, the road isn't wide enough for him to pass, you'll have to stop and give us some gas. All right, all right, don't block the road please, out of the way there. Sorry, I'm out of gas. Don't annoy me with your troubles, I'm a very nervous man. You're nervous? Don't argue with me, I haven't had a decent night's sleep in 17 years. 17 years, he says. I haven't closed my eyes since I've been nine. Talk of insomnia, if I don't drink a glass of hot milk I can't even put on my pajamas. Oh, that's nothing, I've had 10 operations in the last five years. Only 10, I've had so many operations, the doctor doesn't sew me up anymore. Look, a zipper. And it cost me $500. $500? My last operation cost $1,500. Really? Let's see. Oh, no wonder, you've got hem stitching. Now look, I need five gallons of gas. Oh, no, I'll need every drop I have to get over that mountain ahead. Now get out of my way.   Stop it, stop it, you've got me so upset I don't know what I'm doing, Sally, do something. Here, take this. What do I want with the gun? Don't, don't shoot. See, that's an idea. Stick them up, you.  Drain every drop of your gas tank and put it in mine. Why, this is enough.  I'll have the sheriff on your trail in an hour. Don't argue with me, drain a gas tank quick. Don't try any funny business. My partner up there's got you covered. Partner? Yes, hello? Hello, how are you? All right. See you later, all right. Goodbye. Goodbye. This ranch house looks deserted, Henry. I'm afraid there's no one here. Who cares? All I want to see is food.  But don't throw water on me, because if I do, I'm liable to catch pneumonia. You know, do you suppose I hid the car well enough? Nobody'll see it, Henry. Let's go in. The door seems to be unlocked. Why, this is the kitchen. Well, howdy, folks. You must be the new couple I've seen out in town to cook and wait at the table. Well, sir, I'm Andy McNam, the fore foreman of this ranch. He's got something I haven't got. Yeah, yeah, that's right. She's the cook and I'm the waiter. Oh, fine, fine, yes, yes. You people got here just in time. Here's the owner of the ranch now. Howdy, Mr. Underwood. Andy, get Sheriff Bob Wells on the telephone right away. I was held up last night. Okay, okay, right away, Mr. Underwood. You two over there, who are you? One side, Sally. Hey, you! The little stool crawled into the stove. Say, who are you people anyway? Uh, I'm the new cook and he's the waiter. Oh, what happened? The stove exploded.  Well, well, stand up. Let me get a good look at you. Well, this is the first time we've ever had colored health at the ranch. Huh? Oh, yes, sir, boss, yes, sir. Yeah, you like my work. Sure enough, you're a little, yeah, yes, sir. Oh, from the sheriff, boss. He's riding up out right now. The sheriff, one side, Sally. Well, the sheriff, I'd better go up to meet him. One minute. I knew I'd find you if I followed the sheriff. But I ran away from the sheriff. I didn't marry him. Where is the man you did marry? But I didn't marry Henry. That was just a trick to protect you. Don't you believe me? Enough to live my way and be one of my people. Juan Ennis, you couldn't expect that of me. Even you couldn't be happy like that after all you've studied and learned. Well, if you ever change your mind, Sally, I'll be waiting. Goodbye. Juan Ennis. See, Sally, if you had run away with Juan Ennis instead of me, I wouldn't be in all this trouble. You're in love with Juan Ennis. Oh, Henry, I'm so miserable. I wish I would dare. Don't say that. I wish I'd never been born. You could have said that first and saved yourself a wish. Now, let's try to get out of here before the sheriff sees us. I hope we can. If we're arrested for what we did last night, you'll be sent to jail for 20 years. Oh, that'll be a good joke on them. I can't live with six bucks. Oh, here comes the mob. Yes, Bob. Where's that fellow you ran off with? I'm gonna kill him. Bob, please. Jiltin' me for a pilt you intended for. But he just gave me a lift. Then we were captured by bandits. Bandits? The same ones that held up Mr. Underwood. Oh, I think I found a clue. There's an old car hidden down behind the table. An old model T-Coupé with green moor wheels. Well, that's the kind of car the bandits were using. They must be here on the ranch. All right, boys.  Now, I want to question every man on the place. Well, who's this fellow? He's my new waiter. Uh, come here, you. What do you do? I was a singing waiter, sir. A singing waiter? Well, maybe you are and maybe you're not. Go ahead. Let's hear you sing. Now. Yes, sir, but please take that gun away from there. I can't stand anything heavy on my stomach. I can't, really. I'll sing. We're down on the levee in old Alabama. There's Daddy and Mammy. There's Ephraim and Sammy on a moonlight. Night you can find them all while they are waiting. The banjos are syncopating. What's that they're saying? What's that they're saying? While they keep playing for humming and swaying. It's the blue chip for Robert E. Lee that's come to carry the cotton away. Watch them shuffling along. See them shuffling along. Go take your best gal, your real pal. Go down to the levee. I set you the levee. Join that shuffle and throng. Hear that music and s- Sir, I didn't think my singing was that bad. He's a white man. While he was dancing around singing, I saw his wrists. Pull off those gloves and seep yourself. Come here, you. Please, my nerves. There. So you are white. I can explain everything, Sheriff. Henry Williams, I ought to string you to the highest tree. I warn you, you're getting me all upset. Here, Henry, take it. Put down that gun, Williams. Don't worry, I never shot one of these things in my life. Sally, look. Look, they all ran off. I frightened them. Me, Henry Williams. Sally, you're crying. I was thinking about one thing. But I don't want to borrow to have it today and to give back tomorrow. Dear love, there's no... Don't worry, Sally. We'll find one in us. The day will come when at your wedding you'll hear me hum another season another reason or make... Before returning to the next act of tonight's Railroad Musical Show, let's go back to that important pilgrimage which Americans make every four years to Washington, that inauguration time. People from all over the country will be doing that along about January 20th, not only to see the impressive ceremony of inaugurating the president, but also to see the colorful parade and to take in the sights and see the shrines of the capital city as well. A lot of these people will be traveling to Washington by train. Special parties are being made up in many cities, and special cars, or in many cases special trains are being arranged. There will be enough Pullman cars of the birth or section type who wish sleeping car accommodations on their journeys to Washington. In many cases, parties traveling by Pullman will also stay in the cars while there. Using them, in effect, is temporary hotels. If you want to know any of the details about travel arrangement or special parties from your town, just consult your local railroad ticket agent. He will have the information or he can get it for you. And if you are going to Washington for the inauguration, the railroads invite you to ride with them. And ride dependably, comfortably, safely. The railroad our show train will return in just a moment after a brief pause for station identification. Now we return to Whoopee starring Eddie Cantor, Eileen Wilson and your host, Gordon McRae. One enus. You make Mountain God happy today. You come back to own people. For all time, be Indian now. For all time. But you do wrong. Bring white friends here.  Henry and Sally needed help, Black Eagle. Our reservation was the only place they could hide. You must not feel badly because I love this girl. What thing this love make all people sad? Love is not sad, Black Eagle. It is like the trail going up the mountain side. Our love is the mountain itself and whether it be to happiness or to sorrow. When love calls, we must climb to meet it. For love is the Mountain God. Do you want to see me, Chief? A little bicarbonate will do wonders for you. White man love white girl? Sally, me of course not. One enus loves and she loves one enus and I'll do all I can to help you one enus. Thank you, Henry.  Thanks, Black Eagle. By the way, I've always wondered, perhaps you can tell me, was there really anything between Pocahontas and John Smith? Black Eagle think Pocahontas and John Smith marry. He good husband never leave her side. No wonder there are so many Smiths in this country.  Oh, there's trouble. It's the sheriff and the whole gang from the ranch. All right, William, sit right where you are. One enus if you kidnap Sally. I came here with my own free will, Bob, with Henry.  Oh, here comes the early bird. Remember, my heart, don't fight with me, Miss Custer. The only way you can get me to stop fighting with you is to change my name from Miss Custer to Mrs. William. Mm-hmm. Since when has that stopped fighting? Now, you two can settle that later if Williams ever gets out of jail. I'm arresting him as leader of a desperate gang of robbers. I'm not a gang leader. Of course he is. Oh, don't argue with him, Sheriff. Get a confession. I'll get a confession, all right, Underwood. With a little psychology. All right, Williams, answer my questions. Yes, sir. Where's the rest of your gang? I haven't got a gang. What's your name? Henry Williams. Where were you born? New York. How tall are you? Five feet ten. How tall are you? Six foot one. Where were you born? Albuquerque. What's your name? Bob Wells. Where's the rest of your gang? I haven't got a gang. Hey!  This is not the leader of a gang of high women. Well, if you say so, Sally, it's possible I was mistaken. And now will you come back with me? Sally! No! No way! On Ennis' love white girl's soul, Black Eagle tell truth. Long time, 25 years ago, Black Eagle find child in white man's shack on mountainside. White man leave white squaw. White squaw die. Black Eagle take child. Black Eagle raise child. Black Eagle love on Ennis. Is this true?  Indian never lie. On Ennis white man. Sally! One Ennis. Oh, I love you, Sally. And I love you, On Ennis, with all my heart. You're mine now. Forever. Forever and always. Isn't it sickening? Where's my milk of magnesia? Do it away! You want? And your pills, too. You never worth it, Henry. You were just a terrible hypochondriac. He's a hypochondriac? Why, I've been suffering with it for 50 years. Williams, did you ever imagine you were going insane? Imagine it. I've gone. I've decided to let Miss Custer become Mrs. Williams. You'll be married. Oh, I've always wanted to have a son. She does not be very well, does she? Of a bride and of a groom and there's no room for any gloom. It's really sickly that they so quickly will make whoopee. No more powders. No more pills. Goodbye to doctors and Dr. Bills. I won't be dizzy. I'll be too busy. Megan. Eddie Cantor and Eileen Wilson, for guessing with us tonight. And also to our splendid supporting cast, Elvia Allman, Lou Merrill, Jeff Chandler, Joe Kearns and Jess Kirkpatrick. Whoopee, with book by William Anthony McGuire, lyrics by Gus Kahn and music by Walter Donaldson, was adapted for radio by Bill Demling. Next week, the show train will arrive in the same tracks at the same time. On board will be the famous MGM star Gene Kelly and Lucille Norman to join me in bringing you Victor Herbert's operetta, the Red Mill. Well, it looks as though ready to pull out. So until next week, goodbye. And presented by special arrangement with the Tams Whitmark Music Library. Eddie Cantor appeared on this program through the courtesy of Pabst Blue Ribbon. Gordon Macrae appeared by arrangement with Warner Brothers. This is Marvin Miller speaking. The railroad hour is brought to you each week at this time by 132 railroads of the United States. Each one of them has its own operations and services. Each one competes keenly with others for business. But all of them work together through the Association of American Railroads, for the improvement of all railroading and for better service to you. Here goes our show train, but don't forget it will be back next week with the Red Mill. And here's Carmen Dragon and...


Hi guys, this is Jason from Nathaniel School of Music and in this lesson, I am going to give you guys a few exercises on the piano in order to develop your groove and how to build it and also how to get a solid groove and be able to sort of control the rhythm section of your band. A lot about keyboard players generally is we tend to follow the singer or the drummer and other such musicians but it's also very important for us to have our own sense of time and by that I mean natural sense of time, a time in the sense your body has to really feel it and that has to be devoid of the metronome. So I'll be giving you a few techniques to develop that and also by building groove on an instrument like the piano since it's a two-handed instrument we will also be developing independence. So independence of the hands is something which most of us tend to struggle with however that can easily be sorted out when you have practiced your parts well and when you can count well and when you can feel time. The phrase feel time is really really crucial here. It's not about knowing time it's about feeling it and it starts yes by a little bit of knowledge but after a while your body has to react it has to feel it and it has to be pretty much like how a dancer goes about their business. Dance is also very very rhythm driven music dance would not happen if it was not for music. So just like a dancer is effortlessly able to feel the rhythm of the song you should do even with the most complicated passages. So for this exercise I've chosen four chords. So the chords are B major, D D sharp F sharp E minor and D major which is D F sharp A G major and as you can see I'm playing it with inversions. So it's a sort of unconventional chord progression. I sort of chose it deliberately because it's the rhythm pattern I want to teach you tends to have a little bit of a Latin vibe. So I think these chords go quite well for that. It's not that happy. So you go 2 3 4 E minor 3 4 D 2 3 4 G 2 3 4. So what I would suggest if you're not able to shift the chords well first try and give yourself four counts each and then try to move be very flexible between the four chords D major 2 3 4 E minor 2 3 4 D 2 3 4 G 2 3 4 right and now coming to the rhythm pattern. So whenever we feel time and whenever music grooves right whenever people dance and whenever something makes you want to you know move your body we generally divide the beat. We generally cannot make people dance if we don't divide the beat. If you do things like 1 2 3 4 music like that may not make the audience move. So the basic principle is to divide the beat more. So if you divide by 2 we say 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and 1 and 2 and that means you're dividing the pulse 1 and 2 and 3 and 4 and so you could have the option to play two notes or two chords or two strikes for every pulse. The other way to divide the beat is to divide by 4 or you can divide by 3 or you can divide by pretty much anything. So in this exercise I've chosen a division of 4 which is a very popular division system called the 16th note system. So the way we count 16th notes are 1 E and 2 E and 3 E and 4 E and 1 E and 2 E and 3. So it's easy on the tongue 1 E and it's easy to say so that probably makes it easier to relate to and amidst counting this what will then happen is you need to strike your instrument at any of those 16 beats. 1 E and gives you 4 2 E and gives you another 4. So 4 4s are 16 in a 4 beat per bar kind of time system. However when we play notes on the keyboard or any instrument if we were to play all the 16 the groove is really not there. So when we divide the principle which I tend to follow is always divide more and then play less. So in other words divide by 4 you have yourself 16 options but then play less. Don't play all the 16. There's nothing wrong with playing all the 16 but you're not going to make the groove really cut through. So the basic principle is if you have 16 16th notes you can play at the same speed but try to cut out a few for example that actually sounds quite popular. I think that's the same groove used in shape of you in a few of those other dance songs. Anyway so what I did just now was basically hit at the 1 1 E and 2 E and so I out of an available 8 beats till I hit the E of the 2 I ended up just striking 3 hits and then I repeated it 3 the E of the 3 and the and of the 4 1 E and 2 E and 3 E and 4 E and then you can play your chords accordingly. So for this lesson I've chosen a very very very cool 16th note groove at least I found it very cool and it'll be on the screen so you can follow it as you go along and basically where I've ticked is if you take 1 E and E as 1 beat I have given you the hits or the accents at the 1 and the and so 1 E 1 E and 2 E and right. Now then if you look over to beat number 2 which goes 2 E and I've chosen the E of the 2 and the E of the 2 so that'll be 2 E and E 2 E and E right. So if we put beat 1 and beat 2 together try clapping it with me 1 E and 2 E and 1 one more time 1 E and 2 E so oops sorry 1 E and 1 E and 2 E and 1 E and 2 E and so try to get that groove felt by yourself so that's your 1 E the 1 the and of the 1 the E of the 2 and the E of the 2 and then when it comes to the beat number 3 we do the E of the 3 3 E and E and we flip it around 3 E and a 4 and 3 E 3 4 3 4 3 E and a 4 E and so on and so forth so we put the whole thing together 1 E and 2 E and a 3 E and a 4 E and a tongue tongue tongue tongue tongue tongue tongue tongue tongue so if I take that with the chord now and play B major with that E and 2 E and a 3 E and a 4 E and a change E minor that's the D chord 4 E and a E and a 10 right and it's important to also feel the pulse while you play so maybe one hand initially could just try and count the pulse maybe here E and a 2 E right so I would suggest to maybe pause the video and just spend some time practicing this rhythm a little more and after you practice it maybe by clapping or by tapping your leg or here or someone else's head or anyone anything any object for for that matter once you get used to it then you come to the keyboard and then start playing try to avoid the piano unless you're able to tap it with your body right so once you're done with that we'll then move on to the next part right so now that you're confident with clapping the rhythm and also perhaps playing it in at least the right hand as follows 1 E and a 2 E and a 3 E minor I'm basically playing all the 4 chords D major right so that's what you need to be able to do before we move on so the first stage or the first independence exercise if you will on the piano is try to divide these hits among the two hands that's a very very basic and a very very fundamental thing which percussionists do you try to manage your frequencies the low frequency shouldn't be over whacked and similarly the high frequency shouldn't be over whacked it's the same reason why a drummer will always complement the kick drum with the snare drum and not play them both at the same time that the thought of it is very ridiculous right so let's look at the new pattern now on the screen which I'm going to which I've written down as K and S so K essentially means a kick or what I'm imagining is the kick and you can play the kick with your left hand since it's a low sound playing the root of the chord and the snare could be playing the chord right but the rhythm is actually right but I need to split it across my hand so what I've written down there for you guys to practice is kick snare kick snare snare kick snare snare so that's left right left right right left right right okay and while you do this you really need to be counting and you need to have the pulse so what I try to do is always tap the pulse with my foot in this case you can hear my foot with a little tambourine attached to it so while you're doing this feel the all the sub beats one e and a two e and a slow it down if you wish one e and a two e and a three e and a four e and one e and a two e and now try playing kick snare one e and a two e and a three e and a four e and right let's slow that down e minor d major right so the pattern I've written was sort of my own pattern kick snare kick snare snare kick snare snare but keeping the same accents you guys could also mess it around and try to create your own for yourself so I'd encourage you to change it around different combinations with your hand and the problem I found when people try this syncopation of two hands is we tend to lose the pulse so with whatever you do do not lose the pulse that's why I I showed it with my leg doing the pulse and it is very very important if you're not feeling the pulse it's it's you're you're definitely not going to be able to lead the band with time and also recording in a studio environment starts becoming tricky because of the need of the metronome you have to use a metronome for a studio recording right so you go left right left one more time right so that's one variation you guys can try out doesn't really have a lot of independence you could say more syncopation coordination if you will between the two hands and the second pattern is also very very similar very rudimentary as well it's something you may have already done but the second idea or the second way of playing this progression or this pattern on the piano is where both hands play the pattern together so it's identical hits let's try that as well four one two three four it's essentially both the hands going down together it's a skill which is not practiced enough a lot of students like to get the hands going differently that's always a lot of fun but you need to start with it doing the same thing especially with rather challenging 16th note patterns like this right so make sure you try that as well both hands playing the pattern together with counting counting is extremely important either count with your mouth saying one two three four if that is tough for you always keep the leg going right so the pianos uh the the main the lifeline for playing piano is always your leg doing the pulse so make sure you guys follow that and perhaps pick up a foot tambourine as well and try to hear what you're doing or maybe do it with a with a shoe right so moving on the next pattern is also something very very important for pianists wherein you do the exact same thing in the right hand the same pattern in the right hand and try and now implement the pulse in the left hand the first thing I like to do is snap the pulse get your body familiar with it another thing I try to do is hit it here it's quite a nice bass sound which I like you can also do the pulse with your leg so basically pulse pulse pulse focus on the pulse and get this hand to slowly do what your leg did in the earlier in the earlier exercise make sure the left hand is always holding the pulse so once you do that execute it on the piano and don't look at it as the left hand has to play this beat with respect to the right hand or vice versa try to feel both of them completely separately or try to do it subconsciously right after a while you guys are going to nail the right hand so slowly but surely your brain is losing focus or losing its consciousness on that right hand it's focusing on something else right so that focus could be now shifted to the pulse in the left hand so three four one two three start e minor d g and whenever you struggle on the piano if you're not able to get the pulse exactly take your hand away from the piano and try to maybe whack the surface go back to snapping or tapping your chest or any other such thing right try to feel it and snapping it can really help tapping your chest or maybe just hitting the side of the piano where it doesn't make a melodious noise and try playing it at a speed which you can control control meaning what you're looking for is to play it more and more and more if you had a four minute song and if you had to do this in the four minute song you should not really be making any mistakes during that entire four minute passage right so let me just demonstrate left hand playing the pulse while the right hand plays the pattern again and if your left hand is getting quite simple and easy you can try toggling between the root and the octave with the same pulse so okay so that's you get a nice pitch variant here you have the root and you have the octave so you're still playing the pulse but the left hand's a lot more exciting it's slowly getting to be something like a bass guitar something like what a bass guitar would do and last but not least in the left hand another variation you could try would be the root the fifth and the third played one octave higher because if you play it lower it's going to sound very muddy so so root fifth and third this is basically spread voicing of that chord if you haven't if you're not aware of this sort of voicing do head over to one of our other lessons where I've talked about spread voicing and closed voicing in detail okay so let's do this now on the pulse so essentially you're going one two three four one two three four sounds really simple right but when you do it with the right hand things start grooving very very quickly and I really like that idea about groove you're always trying to do something very fancy and very very signature like in one hand while the other hand supports the hand which is doing all the cool stuff so that's generally the principle behind grooving you don't want to do crazy things with all your limbs and even if you want it to it'll be really tough so the whole principle about groove is to at some with some limb of yours to try and do what the audience is inherently going to do if they like your song they are going to clap they are going to move to the pulse they are going to tap their feet snap their fingers and whatnot so it's good if you are doing the pulse as well so the audience will appreciate what you're doing even more and the bond between you and the audience will be a lot stronger so moving on the another variation you could try in the left hand the same as how we did the pulse is the double pulse so the double pulse is where you can do eighth notes where the beat gets divided by two while the right hand plays exactly the same pattern so you go what was once is now going to become double in only the left hand the right hand is not changed thus far slightly busy right and if you feel this is a bit too thick you can toggle between the root with the pinky and the octave with the thumb or with spread thirds as I taught earlier with the pulse right so the last thing I wanted to talk about which could be the start of other crazy things you guys try on your own would be basically do another pattern in the other hand while the right hand plays the same thing you've just been dealing with all through this tutorial and the other rhythm will be something other than the pulse other than something consistent like one and regular repetitive things so one thing which I'd like you to try is the salsa rhythm where you hit the on of the one then the of the one and then the and of the two one e and a 2 e and one e and repeat that between three and four we've written the pattern down on the screen so do watch that as well this is the groove and I've chosen to play spread triads or I could do all together so once you get a hang of that try to go back to this with octaves and then you can do it with spread voicing if you remember the introduction video which which you would have heard at the start of the lesson that's pretty much what I was doing I was doing the salsa pattern in the left hand used with a lot of popular songs and the right hand plays the same old pattern which we've written down right so that's pretty much the five exercises which I want you guys to do left and right hand share accents number one both hands plate together right don't take that for granted number two then left hand plays pulse while right hand plays pattern number three left hand plays eighth note pulse while the right hand plays the same old pattern number four and then number five left hand plays an interesting salsa pattern while the right hand plays the same old pattern right the pattern I chose for you guys is just a cool pattern I like playing so it's not it's not pattern dependent you can develop your groove and your independence with any pattern but it's good to start with something specific so try to do the one which is in the lesson before you explore other things okay so in conclusion I just wanted to talk to you guys about a few points while feeling the groove and what you need to do with your mind and body while doing whatever we just did as I've been repeatedly saying in the lesson you always need to have the pulse running the pulse can be running with either your mind counting inside or with your foot or with another hand very very important to have the pulse and another thing while playing the music which we tend to take for granted is always try to breathe normally and try to relax when you're playing try to focus on the music which is going on and and ultimately you need to enjoy your own music so you need to be chilled out to a point where you are not really thinking about how tough it is you're enjoying what you're playing and as as good as it sounds enjoying what you're playing the path towards that is not easy you'll have to work it out you'll have to practice you'll have to play you'll have to play and play and play right but there will come a point when you have that confidence where you especially when you're breathing is very very controlled and you're very very relaxed about what you're doing right what you're playing is a piece of cake you're enjoying your own music and another way I always try to feel the groove when I practice is to imagine a ghost next to me and that ghost is playing drums if you have a real drummer well and good that may not happen all the time right so whenever you play your instrument especially when you play rhythmically you need to have a drummer beside you by drummer it could be a tabla player it could be a darbuka player a jembe player whatever any kind of drummer next to you and imagine what they are doing right then you have a context on which you're playing what you're playing and another thing I like to do to feel the groove is spend some time away from your instrument you don't need to always try to execute the thing on the piano or the guitar whatever instrument you play try to imagine what you're doing away from your instrument and practice away you can do it in the shower you can just tap yourself and try to recreate it later on the piano or do it when you're absolutely jobless maybe in a cab or waiting for a flight some such thing but definitely it is important to practice away from your instrument you are practicing piano when you're not playing piano right it's very important to know that and once you start using this with your bandmates and once you put it into a song you need to start distancing yourself away from your instrument you need to start focusing on the rest of your band because ultimately you need to make a song which people love and you have to love what you make so the more focused you are on the instrument the less you're going to enjoy yourself and that enjoyment is the most important thing for me right whatever you do before you go on stage and when you play this thing you have to really love it and feel very very confident and very relaxed and or energetic you really want to do it and you're not scared so that again requires practice and there are a lot of myths which people you know take around saying you know nail it master it with the metronome with that thing which makes that funny noise but I mean there is nothing wrong with the metronome don't get me wrong it's a very important thing but for you to feel the groove I really think you need to start without the metronome let your body be the metronome let your mind be the metronome and then when you actually use a real metronome you'll realize that it's an absolute walk in the park right so try to don't spend too much time on the metronome yes it's a good tool for us to be focused I definitely understand that but you need to also enjoy what you're doing there's a bigger picture as well right it's the band you're playing with the song the groove and just having a good time overall and the metronome doesn't I don't think it gives you a good time all the time right so anyway so I hope you found the lesson useful if you did please share it around with all your musician friends and what else can you do you can give us a thumbs up like all those things and also perhaps you can hit the bell icon there's a bell icon for further notifications so whenever we release a new video if you want to stay in the loop you'll get all the updates right cheers


So, measurement of permanent, that was not a permanent product. Measurement by, well, actually it is because it's already been recorded. So measurement by permanent product, we're going to make a whole bunch of errors and make this measurement, again, measurement by permanent product. I've made two errors so far, I don't know, 753,243,337.4, see, exactly. So permanent product, did you measure something that was left behind?  You know, some product has to be left behind to be counted, right? That's a measurement by permanent product procedure. It's really awesome because it's easy to establish inner observer agreement, because there's a permanent product, you don't have to go, did that happen? No, did it happen? No, it happened, no, it didn't happen. I think it happened, you didn't think it happened.  With permanent product, you don't have to worry, see, it happened. So there's two, permanent product, something was left behind and you count those things that were left behind.


Hi there! I am SangoPhone! But you can call me Sango. I'm the Child Online Protection mascot. I was created by kids for kids and I'll help you stay safe online. Let's go on an adventure to learn and share ideas about online safety. We will start our journey with cyber security. Over the next few months, we're going to explore different topics through really fun video lessons. A story that has already begun with children from any's cyber security for kids project. We will find out how to protect our devices and all the valuable information we've got on them, as if they're our digital home. Exploring apps together, as if they're our rooms. Once you know what's what and how to walk around your digital home safely, we'll see how you can protect yourself and others from upsetting things that you might see or experience online. You'll learn about your rights too! Did you know that you've got the legal right to access information about you online? To be protected and to participate in things that matter to you online? Did you know that what you share online nearly never stays private? Let's try to understand what is true and what is fake online. Let's think about respecting each other online, about cyber bullying and other risks online and where you can get support when you need it. Check out the ITU Child Online Protection website at itu.int.cop and join me next month for the first exciting stop on our journey!  See you soon!


Hello, this is Derek and I'm recording a series of video tutorials for use by our faculty here at the iSchool and this first one is on the use of Firefox and having a personal profile so you can recover from a data catastrophe. Okay, so let's share a screen here and we'll go share my windows machine and you can see here I have a freshly installed version of Firefox and the really cool thing about Firefox beyond the fact that it is the only open source and free browser which isn't part of the Google monopoly via the Chrome engine which is now an edge in Chrome and Vivaldi and all the other browsers all use the Chrome engine so we want to use this because as information professionals we don't want to be part of how do you say the monopoly on info that Google has so one of the things that's really cool about Firefox amongst other things is that once you log into it you can actually import your bookmarks your history and all your logins it's kind of amazing your machine can die totally and you can buy a brand new machine log into Firefox and you have everything already saved this is the biggest deal and the reason I'm doing these tutorials is because in the last couple of weeks I had a couple of instructors had their machine die and they've lost everything so anyway let's log in and then of course it was my super long password and I am using what's known as a two-factor integration in this form through the dual app which is kind of cool and you got there where we've logged in but then number that you gave me and now look at there YouTube's happening it's installed all of my favorite extensions and we'll get there but first I just want to show you that I personally liked how short was it you see them blinking here it means they're downloading my bookmarks my user history everything is very very nice what you can customize your I like getting a home button I don't like these goofball things don't like that I want this over here and I want this button here that's how I like it so if I go here it's all my and all of my bookmarks are there so let's go for example to see it remembers the pop-up password and it remembers all of my accounts so that symbol just log in and all of your stuff is saved now in the next tutorial we'll talk about how even if the internet or firefax account is compromised you can save your bookmarks and your logins as exportable files and then keep them on an encrypted disk we'll talk about that but for right now I just want to point out that you can do the same behavior in Chrome I think even in Vivaldi so it's pretty much a standard feature for any modern browser so what you want to do is create yourself a profile and we use a regular long passphrase and we'll talk more about those in another tutorial and then you always have your stuff packed up and you never have to worry oh by the way did I forget did I lose my machine or get a virus or heaven forbid your house burns down and your phone and your computer are destroyed by any of the horrible things that can happen to us we know as in this universe if it can happen they probably will I will add this one anecdote and that is I learned about doing this set off the hard way way back when I was teaching library to Vivaldi I had this is the web development course I had a student upload a virus of a sophisticated virus to my friend server and it infected my machine and I lost everything I had to start all over and since that point I've been very diligent about backing up my user information so that in the event of a data disaster it has little or no effect on me so we'll stop this here there and well and by saying I wanted to each have these tutorials the same way you know I'm the webmaster for the high school and I am available if I zoom to anybody who needs help so you need help drop me an email I check my email seven days I will meet with you and help you get yourself sorted so that I'll say bye and down next time


The latest weapons, coupled with the fighting skill of the American soldier, stand ready on the alert all over the world to defend this country. View the American people against aggression. This is the Big Picture, an official television report to the nation from the United States Army. Now to show you part of the Big Picture, here is Sergeant Stuart Queen. During the winter of 1777 and 78, the tattered troops of the American Army were bifwacked in the bitter cold of a bleak little town called Valley Forge. To this town came a small detachment of German soldiers headed by a military genius, Baron Frederick von Steuben. Desperately in need of help, General Washington placed von Steuben in charge of training the Continental Army. Working against great handicaps, this group of German soldiers turned ragged recruits into the effective fighting force that thoroughly defeated the British at Trenton, probably the turning point of the revolution. Today there is a reverse military exchange underway. Today American officers and men are helping to train the new Democratic German Army. On January 20th, 1956, the American trained new German Army held its first review for their Chancellor, Dr. Konrad Adenauer. Just barely two months in service, the new recruits took special care to present a sharp military appearance. Dr. Adenauer is saying, you are the first soldiers of a new German Army. You will have many difficulties overcoming both the shadows of the past and the problems of the future. After years of trial, the German people now belong to a partnership of the free nations of the world. We have equal rights among these nations, but we also have equal obligations. The German people look to you as the defenders, not only of their nation, but also as the defenders of our allies. Without this mutual cooperation between all free nations, the defense of one nation would be impossible. The sole goal of the new German Army is to aid in this defense to keep the peace. We mean this from the bottom of our hearts. As Chancellor Adenauer continues with his remarks concerning the responsibilities of free men in a troubled world, one can't help but remember another German leader who less than 20 years before, with impassioned oratory and frantic gestures, captured the minds of the German people and sent the world to war. Adolf Hitler promised the German people the world, promised them they were better than anybody else, a master race, Superman. And he convinced enough of them with demonstrations, publications, and the spoken word to take over the government and run the country as a police state. The Gestapo, SS troops, and particularly propaganda became recognized methods of his government. This was Adolf Hitler's show, a dazzling display of pomp and ceremony with one purpose alone, to stagger the mind with the might of the Nazi police state, to dominate the civilian population of Germany, to dominate Europe, subservient only to Adolf Hitler, the dictator. Dazed by Hitler's success in Austria and Czechoslovakia, the Nazi army now truly becomes his pawn, and at his bidding, marches into Poland. September 1st, 1939, the world learns a new word, Blitzkrieg, Belgium, France, and Norway. The Nazi tide sweeps over Europe, but tides must turn, and by late summer of 1944, the full weight of the United Nations offensive was pounding the once powerful Panzer divisions into junk.  The promises of glory through a militant dictatorship were found to be empty promises, and the once proud legions that used to strut so smartly before their dictator now stumbled into POW camps, thankful to be alive. The nations that fought with the Allied nations in World War II only one turned that victory into an aggressive drive to seize an empire. That nation was Soviet Russia. One after another, the prostrate peoples of Eastern Europe fell under the heel of the Red Army to become satellite countries of communist Russia. Germany was divided and occupied. East Germany became just another Russian satellite. The Iron Curtain had descended on Europe. And the people of East Germany, how did they feel? Sick of Nazism, they found communism equally intolerable. Thousands upon thousands left all they ever owned and risked their lives to make the break for freedom. To slip under the Iron Curtain, to seek a new life in the Democratic West. The refugee, the displaced person, became a common man in Europe. In the five years from 1948 to 1953, over 600,000 refugees fled into West Berlin from the surrounding communist countryside. And the reasons for this flight from communism? They were political, social, and economic. The Russian reparations schedule crippled East Germany's prospects of industrial recovery right from the start. Factories were dismantled. Machines and equipment were shipped back to Russia. The East Germans never had a chance. At the same time in the western zones of occupation, an effort was made to erase the scars of war. Under the benign administration of England, France, and the United States, West Germany made a rapid recovery. Berlin lay in the center of the Russian zone of occupation, and it was also split east and west. West Berlin prospered, an island of democracy in a communist sea. Her economy based entirely on trade through the Russian zone to West Germany, and from there to the free world. West Berlin became the symbol of democratic success and communist failure. Its prosperity, its very existence became intolerable to the Russian bosses. On April 1, 1948, the Red Army imposed a blockade on all overland transport between Berlin and the West. Trade, the lifeblood of Berlin, ceased entirely. At the end of West Berliners, the Cold War had begun in Ernest. Soon there would be a shortage of food. In this crisis, the free nations of the West responded with spirit and imagination. Even though the Red Army might have a stranglehold on all avenues of overland transport, the air was still free, and through that air came tons of supplies for the people of West Berlin. The airlift made history. From the end of April 1948 to the end of September 1949, when the blockade was lifted, Allied aircraft flew in over two million tons of food and fuel to the people of West Berlin. The end of democracy had held out. The strong arm methods of the communists had been defeated. And West Berliners had discovered that their faith in the free nations of the world was well founded. The airplane and food had broken the blockade. Free will. West Berliners collected the funds to have this monument constructed, a memorial to those airmen who lost their lives bringing food and fuel to blockaded Berlin. In contrast, stands the Russian War Memorial, built to remind Berliners that the Red Army conquered their city once and still is not far away. The free nations learned something too from the blockade of Berlin. The aggressive action of the Red Army made it painfully clear that the Russian Communist Empire had not stopped expanding. That whenever the opportunity arose, the Red Army could and would strike down a weaker neighbor. Banding together, ten nations of Western Europe, along with Canada and the United States, formed the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, N-A-T-O. It was March 1949. The NATO nations were dedicated to the proposition that if any member nation were attacked, all members would come to her defense. To back up their pledge with means, all NATO nations pooled units of their armed forces into a single command. Maneuvers were held periodically. Now men from different nations, speaking different languages, using different equipment, could learn to live and work and fight together for their common security. NATO grew in strength until it became the major deterrent to any further Russian expansion. But it never came close to matching the Communist Army's man for man. NATO commanders looked forward to the day when a free West German force could be added to the NATO ranks. Protected by NATO, free Europe and particularly West Germany recovered from the destitution left by war. On September 1st, 1949, the federal government was founded at Bonn. This new government for West Germany was a republic. A parliament with two houses just like our own Congress was established. Every citizen had the right to vote for the candidate of his own choosing. Dr. Konrad Adnor became chancellor in September 1949 and has been re-elected since. The Bonn Republic is a member of the European Coal and Steel Community, the Council of Europe, UNESCO and the International Monetary Fund. Her steel industry revived and produced more steel than before the war. For the first time, under the European Coal and Steel Community, German steel went to build a French ship. Trade increased. Under a liberal democracy, West Germany prospered. At the same time, certain weaknesses appeared within the Communist Empire. On the 16th of June 1953, anti-communist riots broke out all over East Berlin. 200,000 German people were sick enough of communism to risk their lives in the hope of changing their life. For the first time, the free world got a glimpse of the true situation behind the Iron Curtain. For the first time, the free world got a clear indication that the German people would fight for their freedom, would stand up against the communist system and the communist methods, against unarmed German civilians. It took the Red Army to restore the communist bosses in East Berlin. And when it was done, 16 Germans had died for freedom. The riots in East Berlin proved one thing, that east or west, Germans were wholeheartedly on the side of the free nations in the Cold War for Europe. In September 1955, a German artillery officer, Colonel Kurt Fischer, arrived at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. He was the first German officer to attend a military school in the United States since before World War II. As a sovereign member of the free world, West Germany desired to share in its defense. With the blessing of the NATO nations, the Bonn Republic had passed the necessary legislation to create a democratic West German army. Since there had been no German army for over 10 years, and since the new army was to be equipped largely from American sources, Colonel Fischer's mission here was to learn all he could, to make up for lost time, and to return to Germany to teach the artillery units of the new army what he had learned. Colonel Fischer is terribly aware of the responsibility of his mission. In his hand and in the hands of men like him rests the future of the new German army. From his American teachers, he is determined to gain all the information that he can. Colonel Fischer is enrolled in a class of foreign officers from free nations all over the world. They are all here at Fort Sill, Oklahoma with the same purpose. To learn the latest American military techniques and apply what they learn to the armed forces of their own countries. To bolster the forces of freedom throughout the world. Like so many officers in his class, Colonel Fischer is an enthusiastic student. For a military man to have the opportunity to work with the very latest American equipment is a wonderful experience. But Colonel Fischer's experiences are not all military. During a coffee break, he gets to know Americans. And during his spare time, he gets to know America. With his new American friends, he and his wife visit a local carnival. And then a wildlife refuge. Since Colonel Fischer is the highest ranking officer in his class, it is his responsibility to report the class present to the American instructor. The course given here covers all phases of modern field artillery from mortars to missiles. And includes such mathematical problems as the computation of minimum elevation when firing a battery of how it serves. All the classes are given in English and most of the foreign officers speak it. Colonel Fischer learned it in an American POW camp during World War II. Also included in the Foreign Officers program is a weekly discussion period conducted by a civilian psychologist. Here men from different democratic nations become acquainted with each other's problems and ideas. The result is better understanding. Colonel Fischer was the first German officer to come to the United States. He was followed by many others. Here at Port Belvoir, a group of German officers watches a demonstration of some American engineer equipment. At Aberdeen Proving Ground, another group of German officers inspects the Army's 280 millimeter atomic cannon. Inside, American officers demonstrate the cutaway tank turret used to train United States soldiers in tank operation. Here, not only the equipment, but also methods of instruction are shown the German visitors. Then comes an actual tank demonstration. The Sky Sweeper, automatic anti-aircraft gun is put through its paces for the interested German officers. The technical information gained by the German officers here is most important. But also of great value is the friendly relationships that evolve. The Germans who come here are not only impressed with American military techniques, they are also impressed with America, the American way of life, and Americans themselves. A new basis for friendship and understanding between the two peoples is created. While some officers of the new German Army were in the United States learning how to operate modern American equipment, the equipment itself was arriving in West Germany at Andernach, training headquarters for the new German Army. Here, two brand new patent tanks arrive at Andernach along with other mechanized equipment. The U.S. Army M-47 tank, named after General Patton, was the choice of the new German Army. They could have picked any other NATO tank, but they chose the Patton. They like its speed, armor, and firepower, but the one thing that they are most impressed with is its high maneuverability. By the truckload, American equipment rolls into the Andernach training post. This equipment is being made available to the new German Army under the United States German Republic Mutual Defense Agreement. It is being made available to the new German Army with the assurance that it will be used to defend the peace of Europe. At the same time that the Bonn Republic passed the legislation forming the new Army, it also approved 14 congressional amendments clamping strict civilian control on the newly created armed forces. There is to be no revival of militarism in West Germany. With signing of the necessary documents, the new American equipment passes into the hands of the new German Army. For the first time in over 10 years, German soldiers have weapons at their disposal. Weapons held under tight civilian control. Weapons with which to defend the peace and liberty of Europe. GTAG stands for German Training Assistance Group. This is the American Army Detachment that is helping to create a new German Army. The language barrier appeared to be the biggest problem. Only a handful of the Americans spoke German. Therefore, classes were held sentence by sentence, English first, and then German. To replace the pistol caliber 45, we left a larger range and firepower. At present, it is a signed weapon of company commanders, two leaders, and auxiliary personnel, and two served weapons. At the moment, it was followed by a group of company leaders and they belong to the German Army. But as it turned out, most of the American NCOs had picked up enough German words to get along. And they soon found out that 20% of the German recruits spoke English anyhow. So the informal training was carried on in an animated part English, part German manner of speaking, that soon was known as Andernach dialect. In the weapons courses, terminology was really the only bottleneck. But as soon as the American realized that a bolt handle was really a schloss-hebel, and a trigger was an abzug, then everything became much simpler. The German recruits like the lightweight, fast-firing carbine. But they are eager too to proceed with other infantry weapons, machine guns, mortars, and rocket launchers. For any Army, new or old, there must always be close order drill. Officers, no matter what their nationality, know that it is on the drill field that a recruit first becomes a soldier, first learns discipline and teamwork, and first senses the meaning of esprit. An Army can have the finest equipment in unlimited supply. But if it's men lack spirit, lack will and determination and teamwork, then that Army will not succeed. Here at Andernach, there is fine spirit and the determination to make a success of the new German Army. As Dr. Adnauer concludes his address, we hear him say, the German people expect you to faithfully fulfill your obligation to them, and to all free people, to keep the peace in harmony with our allies, to defend that peace if necessary. Begin your tour of duty with the knowledge that it is a worthy service, and that your performance will be recognized. Be strong in your heart and soul. It is my hope that you will enjoy your service, and that it will give you satisfaction. So, West Germany has the nucleus of a new Army, and West Germans are proud. It is only the beginning, but it is a good beginning. This new Army has no aims of conquest, no search after false glory. It has one mission, to protect the freedom of the free citizens of Germany, and in a broader sense, of free citizens of Germany. And so today, the Democratic German Army stands side by side with the other armies of free nations, determined to defend this freedom against all threats of totalitarian aggression. Now, this is Sergeant Stuart Queen inviting you to be with us again next week for another look at your Army in action on The Big Picture. The Big Picture is a weekly television report to the nation on the activities of the Army at home and overseas. Produced by the Army Pictorial Center. Presented by the United States Army in cooperation with this station. You too can be an important part of The Big Picture. You can proudly serve for the best equipped, the best trained, the best fighting team in the world today, the United States Army.


Well, marching ahead now to our next session. Well, I'm sure that all of you remember the girl who became a sensation through a series of Airtel ads. More than the girl, what grabbed our attention was her messages and the challenges she used to deliver in the every ad on behalf of Airtel. Well, Airtel has definitely conveyed a very direct message in a very disruptive world of audience. And we are going to understand that how they managed to do that. And I would like to invite on stage Mr. Shashwat Sharma, the Chief Marketing Officer, Bharti Airtel to please come on stage and share more about on this campaign. Shall I? Please, please, sir. Thank you. Thank you so much. Hi everyone. Good evening. Am I audible? Okay, excellent. Thank you so much. It's a real privilege to come here and talk to this audience today. Airtel, thank you so much for that talk. It was really inspiring to hear what Baiju has been doing. Echo fully your thought process on performance marketing. We can chat about it later. But after that, I think one of the things I wanted to talk about today is really the topic that we picked up is this area of transparency and the relevance of brands in the new world. And I think one of the things that got me thinking was what are we talking about here and what's really the new world? What's changed? And I want to start with the first thing that came to my mind is what's the biggest conjure of that marketing's done in the last 50 to 100 years? And actually, if I had more time, I would have done a bit of a quiz around it. But the reality is the biggest conjure of that marketing did in the last 50 to 100 years was the story of sugar and sugar being nice for your kids and creating a whole host of world for fats and lipids being the real villain to be able to sell the entire confectionary industry, which was the biggest conjure of that industry did for over 100 years. What's changed and why is all this coming out in the future is coming out and in the open and everyone's talking about it. And I think that's the important thing that I really want to talk about, which is really. I think the history of the world is was all about information asymmetry. There's a few people who knew the information the rest of the world didn't and they were dependent on marketers telling them. And I remember when I joined marketing, there's a very big belief that what marketers tell the consumers, the consumers parrot that back. It's it's the same thing. By the way, why we have a whole host of world of middlemen, agents, sales representatives, things and people that really had a bit of semblance of information and spoke and made a commission out of selling to people who didn't. And that was the world we really belong to. And that's where the marketing came from. And that's the world that's changed. And the whole digital revolution that we are all part of today has really removed this this middle layer. It's everyone has the power of information at the back of their hands. Everyone knows what the result is, what science is, what various different people across the globe are talking about research is done across the world. And people are getting more and more involved into any of these things. In fact, the role of marketers is what you say leads to even more bit of searching and researching into the areas that are really available across the globe. That's what marketing is leading to. And that's what pushes all of us as marketers to think differently about what we are doing as custodians of brands and what we take to do our brands forward. And that's something coming from a brand like Airtel. I think we've learned it the hard way. And I'm going to talk a little bit about our journey of how we are trying to really shift the brand that we had to a new age brand and do it in a different way. And that's what the story is all about today. What's happened to the consumers? Obviously, the consumers today are exceptionally vocal. Everything comes onto social media, Twitter, Facebook, everything. All of it is out there. In service industry like ours, the consumer complaints and the call centers are loaded with feedback from the consumers. More and more digitally aware as something I spoke about. People are engaging now with brands offline, online, physical products, online presence, personas. All of that is now becoming one contiguous feel for the brand. And a lot of problems and resolutions are happening real time. It's all in the digital world. It's happening at scale. It's happening in the public eye. And I think that's the space and the environment that we have all moved into. And some examples of it. I'm saying what happened to United Airways and all the service failure they had, everyone knows about these things. And many other case studies which come to mind of various places, various cases that happened in various parts of the world to various brands. I think it's a case in point of saying this is a real threat and a real problem that all marketers really need to reset our thinking on the brand. You just cannot fool the consumer anymore. And I think that's the crux of what I'm going to talk about today. The other part which is very critical and what's changed is the audience are bored about being bragged to. I think there was a time when we used to put out and that once... I remember Nitin Paranjpayar, CEO of HUL speak once saying the biggest marketing that HUL used to do 30 years back was to find the 9 AM spot on Ramayana in 1988 and get the core main brand that needed to go there. Just put it there. Your job was done. The world's changed. People are not waiting for this one content. People are bored with content. Ad avoidance is on the right. And really there is a change in the way brands have to think about what they're doing today. And it's no longer what you have to say. There is a bit of say in what we're talking about. But there's a lot of brand do. And I think there are many great examples around us. I've just picked up a few. These are not necessarily the best. But just a few which came to my mind up front of brands have done really great work in terms of the brand do leading to what the brand positioning was rather than the brand say. And I think this was some of the inspiration that started the Airtel journey. And this is not my journey. As I said, I'm very privileged to come here and present to all of you. But this is a journey that started four years back on this brand. I want to really talk about this journey of what Airtel started with. So Airtel, as we know, is a telecom brand. It was the first telecom brand which has stayed for the last 25 years now in the country. And it's gone through various phases where we spoke about relationships, connections, talking. A lot of storytelling was the history of this brand. Till in 2015, with the new technology of 4G coming in and a competitive context changing, Airtel actually went ahead and for the first time went into a very activist mode of advertising, trying to tell about what Airtel was really good at, which is delivering great 4G network. And that's the time when you guys became familiar with this face of the brand and some whole host of challenge format advertising which came into Airtel. I just am going to play one ad as a reference of just to jog everyone's memory back so that the rest of the story becomes clear. So Pratik, can we just have the ad, please? Airtel 4G Challenge. If you get a faster network, then lifetime mobile bills free. A lot of rethink on the brand started happening. The reason for that was the customer reality was very different from what was being advertised. And the reason for that was data was growing in this country and still continues to grow at a rate at which infrastructure just couldn't keep pace. And there was actually the, while we were the fastest network and we have been the fastest network all this while, the actual user experience wasn't always great. And that was the biggest reality that we were facing with. For various reasons, as I said, data prices were too low, growth was unprecedented, infrastructure was not able to keep track with. And all of this kind of advertising was leading to a lot more of credibility questioning from the user rather than a positive reaction. Although there were a lot of early adoption that happened with the ad, but that's what over time, over a year of doing this kind of advertising really took us to. That's when, and all of this was happening in spite unprecedented network investments. This is like a graph of how much network investment went in. And this is after the year after we put this campaign in, our investment went up by 40%. But the quality of, because of this data surge that was happening, the data was growing at 200, 300% analyzed growth in the country. No infrastructure was able to keep track of. And that's when there was a big, big shift and we paused and we really looked at ourselves and I'm saying, guys, what is it that we really are doing? And I think that's when one of the biggest thoughts within the organization came through, which was the thought of an open network. And we went ahead and put a manifesto for ourselves. I don't know how many of you can read it, but I'll just read it out for you, everyone. I think it's about open questions. Sometimes a big step starts with an open question. We asked ourselves, too, are we the best network we could possibly be? Honestly and humbly, no. Do we want to get there? Fervently and definitely yes. So for starters, we have decided to become India's first open network, which means you have open access to our tar maps, our internet strength, our strong signal zones and our weak spots. Not just in your state or city, but right down to where you live. So please judge us, question us, tell us where we are going wrong and partner us in getting it right. Because the truth is, you know what you need far better than we know what you need. And if we want you to open up to us, we have to start by opening up to you. So we are starting with two simple words, questions open. That was really our manifesto, which was really about partnering with customers to really set our network right. And we actually, the Airtel app had a tab of open network where you could just tack it. And on a Google map kind of a platform, you could see everywhere where the tar is all the, sorry, the purple areas are where you have good network, the orange areas are where the network strength is weak and you will have call drops. And there were even intimations of saying, where are we planning to invest next? Where is our next tar coming in in few months? Network will become better on this. And to communicate to this, we then put out a campaign to the users to talk after having fixed all of this as a process. Because we realized that we wouldn't, a network in telecom in India is never going to be perfect. It will always be imperfect, but we are trying and we are honest. And that's where open network came in. Pratik, can we have the film, please? I don't feel there's a difference if I use this or that. They don't care. They all say the same thing. They don't catch the network everywhere. There's no network here. This is the biggest secret. You sit and talk. Suddenly, a call drop happens. Where is our network? Tell me. All the questions, all the answers.  The water of milk and water. Problem, what are we hiding from? Garza, you have to show it to me. If you show everything, what will happen? Show it to me. First show it to me. Where is your network? Where are your towers? We won't hide anything from you. That's why we have become the first open network in India. All the answers would be given to us. All the towers. Their signal strength is on your mobile. I can see their house. I can see which towers they have. I will see all of this on my phone. At least you know there is no tower here. They are going to build a tower here. This is transparency. Because it's the best network that can come in front of you. So that was our big attempt at really changing the whole orientation of the way the brand would reach out to its customers. And lo and behold, this was one of the biggest successes that we had on the brand. All brand scores went up. Trust, transparency, quality, even perception of network quality while in reality nothing changed. But just the consumer acceptance of the network went up dramatically in the same phase as we went about this. And this, then we started building and really there was a, we were all learning as we went through. It was not like one fine day we were all wise. But I think it was a three-year journey where we kept asking ourselves what next in terms of transparency? What next in terms of being an honest brand? And then we went into this whole space of talking about our network through the consumer's lens. Through campaigns where we spoke about what the consumer actually speaks about us and telling them what we are doing to solve it. So Pratik, can we please have the next ad? I am one of the first users of the app. You used to be an Airtel. I left Airtel after a year. Hey, don't look at me like that. Come on. What are you saying? Everyone was saying that this is a good 4G, that is a good 4G.  Let's check the best of India. Which is the fastest network? So Okhla, the global leaders of speed test they said it for the third time, India's fastest network. The first one, Airtel. So back to Airtel. I was speaking with experience. You know what? You did the right thing. You should try everything. That's why you come face to face. Why? Yes, I am the one speaking. Try everything. Then choose the right one. So we went about it and there were series of campaigns that kept coming. This is how we kept talking about our... And there were lots of themes that we picked up from the users having left us, have come back and so on and so forth. There was actually also a time when a very large set of users actually went out to try other networks for value, for price, for free data. As we went through this journey, we also started picking up all the consumer digital interactions. And that's something I think a lot of companies do. And started building all our marketing plans around what we were hearing from the consumers on social media. Our network planning moved to a transparent space. All our innovations started coming in from all the things we were hearing back from the consumers. And I think this was really transformative for the brand. Everybody in the organization because the history of telecom was you put a tower, you had business. And therefore the consumer was always left behind. And I think this was a big, big shift in the telecom world, which is everything was coming, what we were hearing back from consumers were going back to consumers with solutions. And lots of campaigns were also initiated by what consumers were telling us. And I'm just going to... And the brand in this phase really evoked a lot of interactions. We get 9 to 10,000 daily mentions on social media. And the biggest question we asked ourselves is we tried to do FGDs. We worked so hard with agencies for people to tell us genuinely what they feel about us. There are 10,000 of them telling us every day what they feel about us, what they want from us. And this became the crux of all the marketing that Airtel started doing.  I think the biggest thing we did on the network was we really created this mega-center where we started tracking every piece of mapping social media, actual network feedback, actual network performance into looking at the entire country from where is our network performing, where it's not performing. There are many practical reasons why. And by the way, we get trolled on social media like nobody's business. That must be one of the most trolled categories on social media. But we mapped the social media feedback right back to our networks to do diagnostic on a real-time basis. That became one of the biggest actions we took internally, saying, we cannot ignore what's happening here. The second thing we did was we started innovating as I spoke about, totally hearing what consumers had to tell us. And I'm just going to pick up one idea which came out of what consumers were telling us. That innovation we put in market which had among the success for us on post-paid. Internet Diwan. Hi. You didn't do anything for your network? You used to take data packs on a data pack every month? I did. I wonder how many GPUs you used. I did that too. And the data you didn't use? I also increased the amount of it and didn't use it. And what did your network do? What? The data you saved every month wasn't given, boss. From today, this won't happen. A new Airtel post-paid promise. The data you don't use every month will be added next month. This is Airtel's promise. As we went about this, we even went to the extent of using social media chatter to talk about our campaigns. And I'm just trying to wrap this up, but I really want to play this copy which was one of the boldest copies we put out in the space of transparency. Dear Airtel, stop adding this and fix your network. Otherwise, take your network and you won't be able to read it further. You've written this on the internet. I don't believe it. What do I do?  So, I'm sorry, but...  I'll give you as many words as you want. This was before, but now the network has become very good. And you know, some people say that its speed is the best. Not just some people, but the global leaders of speed test have said the same thing again. So, choose the network that becomes better. Switch to Airtel. And I think, therefore, that was the whole pivot that we made on the business which was really to move towards a bit of honesty, transparency and service. We would never be perfect, but we are trying to get better. Really, the big question for marketing is what do consumers want? And I think the crux of what we started doing is saying what they really want is all out there. Is somebody willing to listen? And I think if you just start from there, I think everything else becomes clear in this world of transparency and relevance. Thank you so much. Could I please have you once again back on stage? We would like to present to you a token of gratitude for sharing the various marketing strategies, campaigns, innovations and its success stories. And I would like to invite Neeru Salat, the Zonal business head from the Hindu to please join us and present him a token of gratitude.


Hello everyone. I am Mishari Mukbil. I have a consultancy company called Simple. We help companies with digital transformation. What does that mean? That means if you're not using a calculator, it's probably about time you have one, like our Buddies in the Election Commission. So when I go through these projects with my clients, quite often it is after the fact that their software or IT project has failed spectacularly. And many people ask me why. Why are our software projects failing? So I had prepared this slide initially to show people, decision makers, why it is that they are in the condition that they are. So as geeks, I hope that also you get to learn a thing or two about how to communicate effectively to stakeholders. So computers, right? In the span of two or three generations, we went from this kind of setup to something very, very small. And the amount of CPU power in the computers has increased a billion times, right? I mean, there is nothing else that we have that has evolved so rapidly. For example, building a bridge. We have essentially been building bridges the same way for the last few thousand years. Can you imagine building software like that? It's as if all of a sudden within three generations we went from bricks to carbon nanotubes, right? So here's a quote, as you probably know about the US sanctions on Huawei, right? Look at this part. The company's software engineering is like something from 20 years ago. 20 years ago, we're still building bridges like we did 20 years ago, right? But then if you build software like you did 20 years ago, it is a major, major flaw, right? What else? When I went to university, my university had a $47 million software project that failed. Hertz as well has their own horror story. $32 million in a software project that failed. $440 million lost in 30 minutes. And of course, there is the Arianna 5 rocket disaster also because of defective software. And of course, our favorite blue screen in Microsoft. They make great products these days, by the way, since they support open source software. So there's been a lot of soul searching, right? We really don't know how to do software very well because there's no built up knowledge. There's no lore that passes on from one generation to the other because it's only been three generations. And with every generation, the technological leap has been light years ahead. However, we are starting to see some truths which seem to hold. So this is the Mythical Man Month. I recommend it to anyone who is about to embark on a software project. It was written in 1975 and much that is written in that book still holds true today. So if it has held true for 25 years, it's like the Old Testament or the works of Plato. It will in about, sorry, not 25 years, over 30 years. It will probably continue to hold true in another 30 years. So here are some highlights. Adding manpower to a late software project makes it later. As time passes, the system becomes less and less well ordered. Sooner or later, fixing ceases to gain any ground. Each forward step is matched by a backward one and at the end, a brand new from the ground, a redesign is necessary. So who's had to face this? Who has had to rewrite your software? Yes, don't be shy. It happens to the best of us. This was in 1995. You're not doing anything wrong. This is the very nature of writing software. The software architecture, the way that the software design and put together tends to reflect the organization that wrote it. So how do we solve some of these problems? The first thing that I always like to say is that when you embark on a software project is to focus on value. What do I mean? In a company, when you design software, there's probably a whole bunch of considerations about what features you need to work on first. Ultimately, I say the decisions become much easier if you start from the perspective of the customer or the final end user and work your way back. And that is why I absolutely love open source software because as a customer or as an end user, you can participate in the process of developing the software and making it work for you. Another thing that I always say that people should do is see it, touch it and do an MVP. This is a project that I worked on earlier, ELECT.IN.TH. From conception to finish, the project took nine days. One of the first things that we did in ELECT was to come out with a mock-up of the GUI. We put it out there and we tried to understand how using this product was like from the perspective of the users. Recently, I was looking at a software project where it has been three years and the end user has no idea of what the final product is going to look like. This should be up from day one, right? So an MVP is basically an incremental process like this. So you start from a basic beginning to see whether the concept works and you work your way up. Frequent direct feedback. This is also very important. There's a bunch of ways people do it. Before software engineering used to work in a waterfall process where the requirements came at the beginning and the verification came all the way at the end. That is a recipe for a failing software project.  There is an Observe Orient Decide Act. There is... I can't remember which way this went. Check, act, plan, check two. So there's going to be a few feedback loops. The entire idea is that each iteration is very fast. It's one week, it's two weeks. But people need feedback about how the... Developers need feedback about how the software is working. Because at every cycle of the feedback loop, new ideas come out about how the software is used. And then priorities will change as you learn about what the tools can do for you, right? Ultimately, it should feel... The feedback loop should feel a little like a bicycle where the input comes in. And that in terms develops the software, which ultimately will take you towards the direction. So a really good software project really does feel a lot like riding a bicycle. This is important. Write code to test code. I barely ever see this done. So when you have your codes written, when you have your code up and running, you basically have no idea how it's doing. There's no metrics, no system to actually tell you about the health of your code, right? When you have machineries in factory, there's always some sort of gauge, a mechanical system that tests a mechanical system. But then in code, it's getting more popular. But then in the overall scheme of things, it's still pretty rare. And when you write code without any form of instrumentation, then it feels... It is very much like playing Jenga. You don't know which change in the code is going to bring your entire system crashing down, right? Embrace change. The reason I say this is because whenever code is written, whenever you have a software product, it's like the discovery of something like iron. You discover iron, you discover how to melt it, then all of a sudden you have a hammer. You can use that hammer to then develop other things. And so you may embark on a software project, and then suddenly you realize that you have the equivalent of a hammer that you can use, which you can then apply it to many other parts of your organization. So priorities are always changing when people see what good software can do for their teams and their organization. So which is why I always say be ready to change after you start seeing the MVP. Design for operations. Who here does operations? SK, I know you do. Yay. So the poor operations people are in charge of keeping everything up and running. And often the software developers and the operation people have not talked to each other. The RMIT system, for example, earlier, the software was written. Everything is fine. They deployed it, which means that the operation people took it and started running it. Then they realized that the entire system could only support seven simultaneous users in a university with several thousands. They deployed it, everything came crashing down. And they could never recover it for it. So if you actually design with operations in mind from the beginning, you can avoid that kind of failure. Also, I think that the night capital example is also an example of failure in operations as well. And lastly, what I always say is as much as possible, open all the sources. The reason for this is because when you build software and you make it open source, two things happen. First of all, you think about abstractions. You think about the things that are important for your organization and you think about the things that are just important in general. So what you get are these generic pieces of software which you can then release and you can attract other people to come in and help you develop your software, help you check it for bugs, and perhaps give you valuable feedback about how your third-party contractors writing the software are doing. It makes it secure. Yes, it's harder, but I think that the payoffs for what you get when you open your source code is huge. And which is why I absolutely love ForceAsia, right? Because it's just this environment of people who are getting together to write software, who are contributing software to the public, who are talking about software and who are really pushing the boundaries of what software can do and what it is all about. So lastly, so it is not all doom and gloom, right? You see in this room, there are probably a hundred pieces of software running from your watches to the laptops, to the projector screen, to the audio, video room. So gradually, Mark Anderson says, software is eating the world. And we have had many, many examples of successes in software projects, as we can see before you. So let's learn from it and let's create some great software, let's release it so everyone can benefit and learn from it. So with that, I conclude my talk. Thank you very much. Thank you, Charlie. Thank you very much.