So we're going to take a look at this premise and now I've got to use notes because this gets complicated So we have this premise all knowledge is based on perception reception various from person to person and People disagree on reality. All right. If this is a one-long conjunction So if we're going to reject this premise what happens is we have returned each part of the conjunction right conjunction is where you have an and in between so I Am sitting on a rock and the birds are singing. That's a conjunction if we reject a conjunction We have to negate each part of the conjunction and turn it into a disjunction a disjunction isn't either or So if we say it's false that I'm sitting on a rock and there are birds singing they would say well either I am not sitting on a rock or they're not birds singing or we have this conjunction I am sitting on a rock and There's a hippopotamus behind me. Well, that statement's false Since we reject that statement we say either I am not sitting on a rock or there is not a hippopotamus behind me Okay, so that's what happens when you reject a conjunction So we have the conjunction all knowledges based on perception perception various in person to person and People disagree on reality if we reject this We say either Not all knowledges based on perception or Perception does not vary from person to person or people agree on reality Well, let's try the the last part first and we're going backwards. Do people agree on reality? No No, we get to look at the first set of philosophers that we study so far and figure out that people don't agree on reality It won't take a lot before you find somebody with with whom you disagree about reality Yeah, people very much disagree about reality Okay, perception does not vary from person to person Well, no perception does vary from person to person You know each person's perspective is unique, right? Even if I had somebody sitting right next to me or there still be some difference in the perspective Right with the perceptions if I had one can have the camera here if I had another one over there And I were to flip between the two You what I wouldn't just have the same image, right? You have this kind of jagged image and I would do it But I'm not going to because that takes too long And I don't have a second camera You know not to mention the fact that yeah, even just within oneself there are variations How you perceive things changes over time you lose hearing your sight in Lose taste right we can go one here. So you disagree with yourself over time People disagree, you know, there are differences in how people perceive right? I am slightly colored deficient meaning I see colors just not as many as you do so you and I can both look at the same object And I might see a different color than you so yeah, there is You know people there is very you know perception does vary from person to person so we can't do that Well, then what about this? Not all knowledges based on perception Wow, okay, so there's some knowledge this is just you know with this Suggestion here. There's some knowledge That's not based on perception Huh? So I know something without perceiving it. Hmm. I wonder what that could be That's can you think of an example of some kind of knowledge that you know Without perception Let's return let's let's put a Thumbtack in that one. Let's come back to that idea maybe at the end of the video All right, let's go on to the next premise So the next premise if on if all knowledges based on perception perception various in person to person and people disagree Then there's no test to determine who's right. So this is a conjunction And if we reject a conjunction We have to accept the conjunction with the negation of the second part.  So since it's also I am sitting on a rock and I am not sitting on a soft surface So that's how you reject a conditional. So for this one, we say all knowledges based on perception Perception various in person to person people disagree and there is a test to determine who is right Okay, wow Hmm, what would this What would this look like? Okay, so Let's try that. Let's say, okay So maybe we just for the moment accept that all knowledges based on perception, right? All right, so this is a conjunction which means we have to accept all the parts of it So let's start all knowledges based on perception. Okay, so we mean maybe that's well, but let's just accept it for the time being Perception various in person a person, okay So right right so far so good all knowledges based on perception perception various in person person people disagree So far all this looks right the first three parts of this look right and then we have this lesson There's a test to determine who's right Well, what would the test be? right if there's a test to determine who's right and All knowledges based on perception then the test has to be perception well if that's true You know will people disagree and your knowledge very sorry perception very some person a person So if there's a test to determine who's right is based on perception even though everybody disagrees and That's all that we have is a disagreement right since it's based on perception. It's all we have is a disagreement So this all in all right this entire conjunction probably is a contradiction If there's a test to determine who's right it can't be based upon The perception because perceptions all we have and that's where our knowledge come from when we all disagree So this this premise is probably I mean I said this a contradictory. It's probably a It's probably a contradiction. We can't accept this contradictory if we can't accept the contradictory We can't reject this premise Okay Let's try the next one If so the next premise is if there's a test to determine who's right Then there's no way to distinguish between Appearance and reality so if we reject this premise we say there is no test to determine who is right There's no test that determines right and there is a way to distinguish between appearance and reality Would the way to distinguish between appearance and reality be the test so this contradictory also results in a contradiction Which means we can't accept this contradictory and if we can't accept this contradictory. We can't reject the premise So, we can't reject this premise either. So far, there's three premises and only one stands any chance of being rejected and it has a weird conclusion, some non-empirical knowledge. All right, third premise. If there's no way to distinguish between appearance and reality, then there's no way to know absolute truth. And if we reject this premise, what we're committed to is there is no way to distinguish between appearance and reality. And there is a way to know absolute truth. Wouldn't the way to know absolute truth be the way to distinguish between appearance and reality? So this looks like another contradiction. So this contradictory has a contradiction, which means we can't accept the contradictory. And if we can't accept the contradictory, we can't reject the premise. So this is four premises now, three of them we can't reject, because rejecting them results in contradictions. All right, let's try the last one. If there's no way to know absolute truth, then everyone is right. Okay, well, if we reject this premise, we say there is no way to know absolute truth and not everyone is right. There's no way to know absolute truth and not everyone is right. Okay, well, hold on a second. The last part of that statement, not everyone is right, that's not a relative truth, is it? A relative truth would be to say something like, not everyone is right upon some condition, right? Not everyone is right during the daytime, right? That'd be a relative truth. Not everyone is right, depending on what you believe, right? That would be a relative truth. As a state, it's just not everyone is right regardless of anything else. Well, if not everyone is right regardless of anything else, that's an absolute truth. And if it's an absolute truth, the first part is that there is no way to know absolute truth. So I don't, not everyone is right, that's not an absolute truth, but I don't know it. It's not exactly logical contradiction, but it's strange. I wouldn't want to accept that premise. Not everyone is right. Are you sure? Yes, I'm sure. Not everyone is right. Do you know this? No, I don't because there's no way to know absolute truth. So these are protagonist's premises.  The first one, if we try to reject it, it results in something where we have this non perceptual knowledge we have to talk about. And this last one, we say, well, there's, there's absolute truth, but I don't know it. By the way, all the mathematics, we tend to think of mathematics as absolute, so we don't know any math anymore with that last one. So rejecting protagonist's conclusion comes with some difficulties. Either we don't know any absolute truths, maybe we'll just guess at them, or we appeal to some kind of non perceptual knowledge. That's hard. Well, let's move on to Gorgias's premises. See if we can figure out a premise to reject. Protagoras is hard. Maybe rejecting Gorgias will give us a way out. Okay, so the first premise we're looking at. If something exists, then we use perception to know the thing. If we reject this premise, we're committed to its contradictory, which is something exists and we do not use perception to know the thing. Huh. Well, we got some non perceptual knowledge again. We saw this earlier with Protagoras. Gorgias seems to pop up again. I asked you to think of an example. Of something you know without using perception. Have you thought of one yet? All right, let's move on to the next premise. If we use perception to know the thing, then our perceptions are not the thing. So looking around, right? I perceive green and brown to know that there's a tree there. Now the tree is wood, water, cellulose, vitamins, minerals, things like that, right? That's not the same thing as green and brown. Green and brown are caused by the wood, the cellulose, the vitamins, minerals, all that, but it's not identical to that. So if we were to reject this premise, we say we use perceptions to know the thing and our perceptions are the thing. So if we say this and we say, well, that tree over there, it's not wood and cellulose and water and vitamins and minerals. What it is is green and brown. That's kind of strange. Believe it or not, we're going to see a philosopher who says this with a serious straight face. It's like, yeah, you think that's wood, it's not wood. That's just cellulose. There's no wood over there. What's over there is green and brown. It's called metaphysical idealism. Probably not going to, or I just thought it was just called idealism. Probably not going to accept that one. So let's just leave that aside for now. Maybe we have to come back to it, but we'll just leave that aside for now. Okay. So far, we get rejected one premise, gives us non-perception knowledge. Rejected the second premise, we have idealism, which is weird. Next premise. If our perceptions are not the thing, then we know our perceptions, but not the thing. So if we reject this premise, what we're saying is our perceptions are not the thing. All right. And either we did not know our perceptions or we know the thing. Now, the reason why we had this premise to begin with is, or what Gorgias is getting at here is to say that we know our perceptions, right? I have my perceptions green and brown. But since that's what I know, I don't know wood, cellulose, fiber, minerals. That's what I don't know that all I know is green and brown. So if we reject this premise, we say our perceptions are not the thing, and either we do not know our perceptions or we know the thing. Well, we probably don't want to say that our perceptions, we don't want to get rid of it. Our perceptions are not the thing. Yeah, that seems right, right? That's wood, metal, or sorry, that's cellulose, water, oil, vitamins and minerals, right? When I walk away, my perceptions, that thing go away. I don't have the perceptions. But the thing remains. So we don't want to say our perceptions are, we don't want to say our perceptions are the thing, right? So, okay, so to keep that, our perceptions are not the thing. And now we have a disjunction. Either we do not know our perceptions or we know the thing, right? Well, let's just grant that we know the thing. Okay, now we're going to say we don't know our perceptions. I mean, I don't think anybody wants to give up the idea that we know that there's a tree. Okay, so we have to give up, we do not know our perceptions? Well, here's the thing though. So what we can do is we can say our perceptions are not the thing, fine. And yet we know the thing. All right, if our perceptions are not the thing and yet we know it, what we know is non perceptual, which is weird. So we can reject this premise and that's fine. But the only way that we can reject this premise and accept the contradictory is if we say there's some kind of non perceptual knowledge. Accounting for that is going to be hard. So the next premise. If we know our perceptions but not the thing, then the thing is incomprehensible. So if we reject this, right, we're committed to, we know our perceptions, but we don't know the thing and yet it's comprehensible. This is probably a contradiction. I know it, but it's not comprehensible. So wait, what? So no, that, or sorry, I don't know this thing. I don't know this thing, but it's in and yet it's still comprehensible. How can you know it? I can't. There's no way, but it's comprehensible. All right, that's not going to work, right? That's not going to work. That's probably a contradiction. Okay, next premise. If something is comprehensible, then a person uses symbols to talk about it. So symbols, right, so if I understand trees, what do I use? I use words to talk about trees. Maybe I draw something to talk about trees, right? It's not the same thing as a thing symbolized. These are symbols. Okay, pretty standard stuff. If we reject this premise, what we're saying is something is comprehensible and a person does not use symbols to talk about it. I understand something. What is it? Can't tell you, but I understand it. Will you tell me anything about it? Not really. I can't use symbols. I can't use words to talk about it. I mean, if you can think of something, I'd like to see an example. That's probably going to be impossible since any example is going to use symbols to talk about it. But if you can think of something, I'd be kind of curious to see what you'd come up with. But this isn't necessarily a logical contradiction, but I don't know what it would be. I've got secret knowledge that I can't talk to you about. I don't know if you've got secret knowledge then, buddy. All right, next premise. If a person uses symbols to talk about it, then the symbols are not the same thing as the things symbolized and symbols understood only by the speaker. So what Gordjajas is trying to get at here is that, I use symbols to talk about trees. I use words to talk about trees. The words are not the same thing as the things symbolized. I can say wood, cellulose, water, oil, but I am not there by making wood, cellulose, water, and oil. I'm not speaking these things into existence. So it's not the same thing as the things symbolized. And the symbols are understood only by the speaker. What Gordjajas is getting at here is, only I know what I mean when I talk about wood, cellulose, water, and oil. You don't have access to my mind, right? Especially since we're not even in the same room together right now. We're not even in the same place, same time. By the time you watch this, I will have left this place. So there's no way that I could just directly transmit what's in my mind, even if you were sitting right next to me, I couldn't directly transmit what's in my mind. So only I know what I mean when I talk about trees. So if we're going to check this premise, what we're saying is a person uses symbols to talk about it. I use words to talk about trees. Either the symbols are the same thing as the things symbolized. So I say tree and it comes into existence. Or the symbols are not understood only by the speaker. Okay. Well, we're probably not going to say the symbols are the same thing as things symbolized. And let's just start talking about creation by verbalization. We're going to do that. So we're left with a person uses symbols to talk about it. And yet symbols are not understood only by the speaker. More than one person understands the symbols. Well, how's that going to happen? We don't really have a logical contradiction, but the question is how is it going to happen? Any way that we convey symbols is going to be through some kind of sensory input. If I'm going to speak to you using words, you have to be able to hear them. If I'm going to write out words on a screen, you've got to be able to see the words. So you're always going to use perception. So the meaning of those words or those symbols is not going to be in the perception. So if there's understood by more than one person, probably going to have to appeal to some kind of non perceptual knowledge. And even weirder non perceptual knowledge that we all have access to. All right. Next premise. If symbols are not the same thing as the thing symbolized and symbols understood only by the speaker, then no one else understands what a person is talking about. Okay. Well, if we reject this proposition, this premise, what we're saying is symbols are not the same thing as the thing symbolized and symbols understood only by the speaker. And it's false that no one else understands what a person is talking about. So we say, okay, so symbols are not the same thing as the thing symbolized. And only I know what I mean by my symbols. Yet you understand me. How would that work? I am, so if this contradictory is right, then I am speaking right now, but nobody knows what I'm talking about. I'm just speaking gibberish. And yet you understand. No, right? This is probably a contradiction. This is probably a contradiction. And if this is a contradiction, we can't accept this contradictory. Thus, we can't reject the premise. So we have to keep this premise. If these symbols understood only by the individual, then we can't communicate. Okay, so the next premise. If no one else understands what a person is talking about, then communication is impossible. If we reject this premise, we are committed to no one else understands what a person is talking about and communication is possible. Well, let me show you how that will work. Got it? Now, unless we somehow learn telepathy, this is just false. It's not a contradiction. It's just false, right? It's just false. We have to use symbols in order to communicate with each other. And we have to understand what these symbols mean, independent of perception. Well, all right. So so far, it looks like the main way that we're going to get out of both protagonists and gorgias is some appeal to nonperceptual knowledge. And I asked you to think of an example. It's something that you know without the use of perception. It's not justified by the perception. It's not the same thing as the perception, right? Okay. Did you think of an example? Well, okay. Pause the video and try to think of an example. I'll wait. Okay. So trying to think of an example of nonperceptual knowledge, numbers. You don't perceive numbers. You might perceive a numeral, but that's not the same thing as a number. You might perceive two things next to each other, but that's not the same thing as the number two. The number two, it does not come and go with your perceptions.   But the number two is still something that is true and exists. Two plus two equals four, right? This is true independent of perception. And if you don't believe me, it's like, well, I've seen two pairs of things and then I got four. Okay. But I can start thinking of numbers that are arbitrarily large. You can be able to add them together and you will not have used perception because you can't perceive that many things at once, right? So 65,482 plus 4,608. Well, I'm not going to try and add that up at the top of my head because I just thought of those two numbers right now. But you can add those, right? You can add those together and you will be able to come up with something that's true. But it doesn't rely upon perception because you can't, I mean, maybe you could sort of perceive that many things at once, but you don't perceive them as a multitude of things. If you don't believe me, how many leaves are behind me? You don't know. Okay. There's not that many leaves. How many twigs are behind me? Right. You don't know just by perception to sit there and count it, right? You have to pause the screen and count. And yet you've been staring at it this whole time. You know, how many hairs do I have in my head? You can't perceive number. So yeah, this is an example of something that you know without perception. Even people who do not have sight, they can understand mathematics, do not have hearing. They can understand mathematics, right? In theory, I suppose, you can understand these without very much, if any, perception at all. There's other kinds of form too. Sure. The scientific method. That's form, right? The scientific method is not the thing that's perceived. It uses perceptions. Okay, we have to use perceptions in order to use the scientific method, but the scientific method is not the same thing as the thing perceived. If you think it is, what color is the scientific method? So this non-perceptual knowledge, you already think they're examples. And that's going to be our way to escape protagonists and grudges. But non-perceptual knowledge is strange. How do we know, right? How do we know what we think we know absent perceptions? It's not hard to say, there's a tree behind me. How do I know? Because I see it. If I say something like, there's a tree behind me. How do I know? Not through sight. That would be weird. But still, where protagonists and grudges have given us these conclusions that we cannot accept. We can't accept these conclusions and be rational. We have to reject them. But it sure seems like the main way, if not the only way, that we can reasonably reject these conclusions is to appeal to some kind of non-perceptual knowledge. This is going to send us running and screaming to Plato and Aristotle. We're going to try and give us some account of non-perceptual knowledge.


Section 0 of Esperanto Self-Tort with phonetic pronunciation. Volume 1 by William W. Mann. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org, recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater. Esperanto Self-Tort with phonetic pronunciation. Volume 1. Section 0. Preface. The object of this volume is twofold. It supplies very full and comprehensive vocabularies of the words required by the tourist or traveller, visitor or resident abroad, health or pleasure seeker, and professional or businessman, together with a large number of conversational sentences of a typical and practical character. The words and phrases are classified according to subject, and the phonetic pronunciation of every word is added in accordance with Malbra's simple and popular system of phonetics. With the aid of this book, anyone may undertake a trip to a foreign land, even if he know nothing of the language of the country he is going to, and if he will put himself beforehand in communication with Esperantists in the various places he intends to visit, he will find them ready to help him in many ways, and his stay abroad will thus be made much more entertaining and instructive than if he had spent his time in the conventional manner of the ordinary tourist. A further great advantage of this international language is that it opens up to the traveller not merely one particular country, but the whole of Europe. The book also aims at affording a practical guide to Esperanto for the student who will find in the section on grammar all that he needs to give him full insight into and grasp of the language, enabling him with very little effort to read, write and speak correctly. Joining an Esperanto group, the learner may have frequent opportunity of conversational practice, and he will soon find that it is by no means a difficult matter to become as fluent in the auxiliary language as in his mother tongue. Any information as to Esperanto groups, literature etc. may be obtained on application to the British Esperanto Association 142 High Holborn London WC1. Esperanto is not merely a language for tourists, but already possesses a rich literature of considerable extent, the beginnings of that Weltliteratur foreseen by Goethe. It has a press of its own representing every country of importance in the world and is constantly being made use of for professional purposes by doctors, scientists, teachers, lawyers, soldiers, sailors, merchants etc. In every quarter of the globe, it is undoubtedly destined, ere many years have passed, to become a very important factor in the progress of the world. William W. Mann, London 1908 End of Section 0 Recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater, recorded in London, England Section 1 of Esperanto Self-Tought with Phonetic Pronunciation, Volume 1 by William W. Mann This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org, recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater. Esperanto Self-Tought with Phonetic Pronunciation, Volume 1 Section 1 The Esperanto Alphabet with Phonetic Pronunciation The Esperanto Alphabet has 28 letters, 23 consonants, 5 vowels. R, R, like R in father or pa, as patro, patro. In unaccented syllables it should not be dwelt upon and in all cases it should be pronounced quite purely without the slight Drawling R sound, which is sometimes added to the corresponding vowel in English. Bu, bu, as in English, bu. Tso, tso, like ts, in gets, hits, and never as in English, as tsaro, tsaro. Ch, ch, like ch, in church, as chassis, chassis, door, door, as in English, but with tip of tongue placed on back of teeth instead of on front ridge of roof of mouth. R, e, e, like e in bend, pronounced broadly, or a in hate, shortly pronounced but quite pure, entirely without the slight Drawling E sound often heard after the English vowel, as beno, beno. For, for, as in English, th, go, go, like g in go, give, as gasto, gasto, and never like g in gem, allege. J, j, like g in gem, general, and j in jovial, as geni, geni, ho, ho, as in English, ho. Ch, ch, like ch in scotch, loch, ch in german, hoch, j in spanish, mujer. This guttural sound is practically a very strong aspirated H, and may be made by trying to pronounce ho with the throat arranged as for saying k. Choro, choro, chino, chino, e, e, like e in scene, as li, li. In unaccented syllables, and before two consonants together, this e practically becomes the I in it, or in wind, as verminte. Yo, yo, always like y in yet, as yes, yes, voyo, voyo, and never like j in judge, joke. It should be remembered that yo is always a consonant, with the sound of the English y in u. Of course, when yo occurs at the end of a word, or before a consonant, it practically unites with the preceding vowel to form a diphthong, and loses the full consonantal sound which it has before a vowel. Thus, i, i, like a, y in a yes, almost like why in my, as, cae, cae, raidi, raidi, crayono, crayono, ei, like ei, as in say yes, as, Play, play one syllable. Oy, oy, like oy in, oh yes, almost like oy in toy, as ranoi, ranoi, koino, koino, oy, oy, like oy in toyon, as toy, toy, one syllable, pruino, pruino, two syllables, jo, jo, like s in vision, or pleasure, or j in French, jaune, je, as jeti, jeti, ko, ko, as in English, ko, lo, lo, as in English, le, mo, mo, as in English, me, no, no, as in English, Or, or, like o in horse, not diphthongized, but pronounced purely and rather shortly, as borna, borna, not bona, quite without the short oo sound frequently heard with the English vowel in such words as note, boat, its sound is almost equivalent to o in core, pronounced shortly and with the lips placed roundly as if for saying o, as estonta, estonta, po, po, as in English, ro, ro, as in English, but sounded much more forcibly and always with a trill, as in singing, as korpo, korpo, so, so, like s in say, as suono, suono, and never as s in rose, as pesi, pesi, sho, sho, like sh in show, she, as shipo, shipo, tor, tor, as in English, but dentally with tip of tongue placed on back of teeth instead of on front ridge of roof of mouth, oo, oo, like double o in boot, as nubo, nubo, and never as u in mutes, or but, wo, wo, is equivalent to the English w and is pronounced by a partial bringing together of the lips, it practically only occurs after o or e, one, ao, to say andao, for instance, we say anda and finish by bringing the lips slightly together to pronounce the wo, similarly for lauta, this sound is not exactly the English ao of house, but is just the ao of the German house, the phonetic sign for ao therefore is ao, to ao, as in europo, europo, is pronounced with a similar closing of the lips after the e sound, wo, wo, as in English, wo, zo, zo, as in English, a, bo, zo, cho, to, e, fo, go, jo, ho, ho, i, yo, jo, ko, lo, mo, no, o, po, ro, so, so, to, o, wo, vo, zo, end of section one, recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater, recorded in London, England, section two of Esperanto self-taught with phonetic pronunciation, volume one, by William W. Mann, this is a LibriVox recording, all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain, for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org, recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater, Esperanto self-taught with phonetic pronunciation, volume one, preliminary notes, in order to make the best progress in acquiring the words and sentences in the following pages, the student is recommended to learn a few at a time by repeating them aloud with the aid of the phonetic pronunciation in the third column. Although the system of phonetics may seem a little cumbersome, practice will soon enable the student to pronounce the words easily and naturally. The following notes will be useful. One, accent, in Esperanto every letter whether vowel or consonant is sounded, the accented syllable of a word is always the last but one, thus nobla, nobla, irrado, irrado, telefono, telefono, internazia, internazia, folio, folio. It should be borne in mind that you and wo are consonants and do not like the vowels of themselves constitute a syllable, thus tiiu, two syllables, and tiui, also two syllables, raidi, not raidi, and dao, not antau. Two, the vowels a, e, i, o, u should in Esperanto be pronounced quite purely and entirely without any drawing after sound. Many English speakers diphthongize a, i, o, and pronounce lat as late, p, a, l, e as pale, p, a, p, e, r as paper, r, o, a, d as road, etc. This habit of drawing the vowels when transferred to Esperanto, thus mine povas bone paroli as mine povas bone paroli immediately reveals the nationality of the speaker. There is also an inclination to interpose an r sound between la, the, and a word beginning with a vowel, thus la ebletso instead of la ebletso, la internazia lingvo instead of la internazia lingvo, etc. This should be avoided. Three, combinations of consonants. There are a few consonantal combinations which offer a slight difficulty to English beginners, namely gv, kn, kv, sts. The combinations gv, kn, and kv as in gvidi, gvidi, gnabo, gnabo, gvieto, gvieto may be practiced by first placing a vowel before the goh or ko, and gradually suppressing it, thus first say laknabo, laknabo, laknabo, and gradually drop the la, until finally knabo can be said without difficulty. The combination sts as in stseno, stseno, may be learnt thus, say lastsane, lastsane several times, very distinctly pronouncing the sts and the ss, then gradually stsane, stsane, and finally stseno, stseno, without any proceeding vowel sound. When this combination follows a vowel as in mistias, it should cause no difficulty for the s is easily pronounced with the first syllable thus mistias. Letter from Dr. Zamenhof, founder of Esperanto. Fourteenth of September, 1908. Dear sirs, I received your letter of September 10th, and the proofs of Esperanto self-taught with pleasure and thanks. As Mr. Mann is a very competent and experienced Esperantist, I am quite certain that the book written by him will be very good and very useful. Yours signed, Zamenhof. End of Section 2, recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater, recorded in London, England. Section 3 of Esperanto self-taught with phonetic pronunciation, volume 1, by William W. Mann. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org, recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater. Esperanto self-taught with phonetic pronunciation, volume 1. Section 3, 1, the world and its elements. Section 4 of Esperanto self-taught with phonetic pronunciation, volume 1, by William W. Mann. Rosso, roso, Jew, roso, dust, polvo, polvo, dust, polvo, earth, derro, derro, earth, derro, east, oriento, oriento, east, oriento. Eclipse, eclipso, eclipse, eclipse, eclipse, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire, fire hail, hail-o heat, var-mo, var-mo, heat, var-mo light, lume, lume, light, lume lightning, ful-mo, ful-mo lightning, ful-mo moon, luno, luno moon, luno new moon, nova luno, nova luno new moon, novo luno full moon, plena luno, plena luno full moon, plena luno Moonlight, l'un l'um'o, l'un l'um'o, moonlight, l'un l'um'o, nature, nat'uro, nat'uro, nature, nat'uro, north, nord'o, nord'o, north, nord'o, rain, pluv'o, pluv'o, rain, pluv'o, rainbow, ciel'ar'co, ciel'ar'co, rainbow, ciel'ar'co, shade, shadow, omb'ro, omb'ro, shade, shadow, omb'ro, sky, ciel'o, ciel'o, sky, ciel'o, snow, ne'jo, ne'jo, snow, ne'jo, south, sud'o, sud'o, south, sud'o, star, stelo, stelo, star, stelo, sun, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno, suno West, occidento, occidento, west, occidento, wind, vento, vento, wind, vento, two, land and water, lateral and aqua, bay, golfeto, golfeto, bay, golfeto, beach, marbordo, marbordo, beach, marbordo, canal, canalo, canal, canalo, cape, tergapo, tergapo, cape, tergapo, cliff, croutegaggio, croutegaggio, cliff, croutegaggio, coast, marbordo, marbordo, coast, marbordo, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek, creek inundo, flood, deluge, inundo, flood of the tide, fluso, fluso, flood of the tide, fluso, flow, fluo, flow, flow, flow, foam, shawmo, shawmo, foam, shawmo, hel, monteto, monteto, hel, ice, glazio, glazio, ice, glazio, island, insulo, insulo, island, insulo, lake, lago, lago, lake, lago, land, derro, derro, land, derro, mainland, chiftero, chiftero, mainland, chiftero, marsh, marcho, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, marsh, mud coto river rivero rivero river rivero rock roco roco rock roco sand sublo sublo sand sublo sea maro maro sea maro seashore marbordo marbordo seashore marbordo shingle stonetajo stonetajo shingle stonetajo storm ventego ventego storm ventego stream rivereto rivereto stream rivereto tide tide tide tide tide high tide alt maro alt maro high tide alt maro low tide malalt maro malalt maro low tide malalt maro valley valo valo valley valo water aquvo aquvo water aquvo fresh water sansala aquvo sansala aquvo fresh water sansala aquvo saltwater salalaqual salalaqual saltwater salalaqual waterfall aquofalo aquofalo waterfall Acvo falo. Wave. Ondo. Ondo. Wave. Ondo. Well. Acvo puto. Acvo puto. Well. Acvo puto. End of section three, recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater, recorded in London, England. Section four of Esperanto Self-Tort with phonetic pronunciation, volume one, by William W. Mann. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org. Recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater. Esperanto Self-Tort with phonetic pronunciation, volume one. Section four. Three. Minerals and metals. Mineraloi and metaloi. Alum. Aluno. Aluno. Alum. Aluno. Amber. Sukceno. Sukceno. Amber. Sukceno. Brass. Latuno. Brass. Latuno. Bricks. Brickoi. Bricks. Brickoi. Bronze. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo. Bronzeo.  End of Section 4, Recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater, recorded in London, England. Section 5 of Esperanto Self-Tort with phonetic pronunciation, Volume 1, by William W. Mann. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain.   End of Section 5, Recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater, recorded in London, England. Section 6 of Esperanto Self-Tort with phonetic pronunciation, Volume 1 by William W. Mann. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org. Recording by Nicholas James Bridgewater. Esperanto Self-Tort with phonetic pronunciation, Volume 1.


There's something else that we can look at is polyprotism. Polyprotism sounds a bit like what it says, so protons and poly means many, so really more than one. I mean, for it to be poly, you'd want more than two, but sulfuric acid is a good example here because it's a species that has more than one proton, and therefore it often will form an anethyprotic species. So the example that I've looked at here is phosphoric acid. This one here is phosphoric acid, and you can see that phosphoric acid has three protons. So in actual fact, if we were to combine it with water as a liquid, and we'll regard each of these as the acid sequence. So here's an acid, meaning that the water would be the base. So we would get H2PO4, this is an ion with a one minus charge, and that would form an H3O plus ion. So that's the first one. Then there would be a second ionization, which would involve the H2PO4 minus. Again, if we put that with water, with water acting as the Bronsted Larry base, then we would have HPO4 two minus aqueous, and another H3O plus aqueous. And then of course we can do, this is also acting as an acid, then we can do a third ionization with the HPO4 two minus, and it will also combine with the H2O, again acting as a base, this time forming the PO4 three minus ion, the phosphate ion, and another hydronium ion. Now we can add these together, and you'll see that if we were to add them together and cancel out the like species, then what we would end up with is three water molecules and three of the hydroniums as well as the phosphate ion. What you can see is with each of these, the corresponding species here is a conjugate base, which also is then acting as an acid here, here's a conjugate base, but also acting as an acid here. So these are our amphiprotic species, and we can see them when we pull some of these different polyprotic species apart and go through their ionization sequences. There are two examples that you need to look at for each of these. You may want to pause the video at this point and see if you can work them out yourselves or you may get a chance to do this in class just to have a look. The key to this of course is that the first thing we want to do is we want to ionize each of these. So this is sodium ion and a bicarbonate ion, both of these obviously in solution. The important thing about these is from our NAG-SAG, this is a group one, and potassium is a group one, and we know that all group one salts are soluble. So the second thing we want to do is we want to get the potassium ions out of here and leave our H2PO4-ion here as well. So once you've isolated each of these two, then what you can do is then go through the sequence that I just showed you in the previous couple of slides to show that these ions in solution can act as both proton donors and proton acceptors, and that's our definition of anti-protic species. Have a look at a couple of examples and make sure that you can demonstrate each of these. Simplest thing as I said is to add them to water and show the conjugate pairs of each of these species with an acid and its conjugate base, and then acting as a base with its conjugate acid. Thanks for watching and thanks Nelson.


The amount of wisdom that they share is one way reinforcing the good things that we do. Also they are opening up thoughts regarding the problems that we face and hence some more ideas to try out. And that's about the evolution and that's what I like about the whole journey. So you were there in the Agile 2012, you've come here for 2013. So what's the differences, any differences that you see? Yes, I do see a big difference and the big difference is predominantly, one is in terms of structure. Like if I directly connect in 2012, we predominantly had workshops, more of workshops. And this time what I'm observing is more dense knowledge which is really really applicable because a lot of times workshops are good but at the same time for people who are learners they enjoy it but at the same time they fail to connect into their context. So what's been your highlight in this conference? In this conference I would say a lot of different ideas to try out. One is, I would repeat, one is the reinforcement of right things that many of us are doing. Second is reinforcement of the challenges that we are facing. So it's not only me facing the problem, it's about getting to know that everybody else is also facing similar problems. And hence the ideas which are shared here by the wise people or the experienced people is something which is definitely I would like to try in person and I'm sure that it's going to bring difference. Alright, thanks very much. I work for Saber and I'm a QA lead in Saber. The conference has been very interesting in fact. We've gathered a lot of knowledge from all of the companies. So maybe everything is next to use there in the right manner. Maybe it helps me and the company to grow together. My name is Sanjeev, I work for Saber. Sessions are very good. Only thing you couldn't do was add in all of them. We want to add in but we can't add in the sessions. We have videos for that. And it would be good if you put the presentations also on the website. All the presentations and quotes. Hi, I'm Karthik, I'm a developer in Saber. The best thing that I loved about this one was quite motivating for the reason wise. They are not only sticking to a gel apart from that. They motivate you to step out of your comfort zone and try to learn different languages and identify what you can find in the current language. That particular session was really good that happened this morning. We loved the need change from one of the conferences that we have attended. We loved that because there are a couple of key aspects that we usually tend to forget or ignore. We just got an eye opener to notice on that and work on that. Hi, this is Arpita, I work as a developer in Saber Holdings. The sessions are very good and it's a really great place to learn and share. Hi, Poonkodi, I work for Saber Holdings. I'm a developer. As a Java developer, I find it more interesting. So many LinkedIn languages are there. We need to go beyond that, think more on technology and all. Even if you go for Ajay, I want to know how to implement the scrams, whether it is useful or not. Even for the business area, business intelligence, we are not aware of it. The only thing is if we got everything by soft coffee, it would be useful. Whatever I missed it, I can cover it. What's been your key highlight? Key highlight is the LinkedIn session. He talked about what are all the upcoming things on Java here. Even the groovy, groovy brochures, JROVs, how they are very effective in Java. We need to write, we don't need to write more than 10 lines of code. So groovy will do it in a single line. So those things we enjoyed a lot. Other than that, the topic in session like how, whether Ajay will work for our team or not, we will have been able to solve these things. Thanks.


Do not end this episode! Do not end it! I swear I- Happy, uh, Jujitsu wholesome Thursday, guys. Uncut reactions are on the Patreon. Go check it out. I go live on Twitch. Almost every day between 11 a.m. and 12 p.m. Eastern. So, go ahead and follow me on there. I'm sponsored by Gamer Supplements now. Y'all can see my waifu cup. I got BigTittyAnimeGirl and my waifu cup.  Zoom in! Zoom in to what matters! There we go. Y'all can get, uh, how much percent off? I don't know. Just use my code. Code L-I-G-H-T. Code Light. Go in the link in the description. And yeah, get yourself some BigTittyAnimeGirl cups and some flavors, bro. We got Blowhole Blast. We got, um, Lemonade. We got Titty Milk. This is my favorite. I mean, I don't need a Gamer Supplements Titty Milk for that. You know what I mean? But, um, I figured, why not have both? And yeah, that's it. Let's, uh, let's roll the beautiful episode. Wow. What a great time to be in Japan, bro. Halloween, you got a teddy bear, an elf, Gandalf, a robot, Nick Fury, and a made outfit, and-and somebody dressed up as Gojo.  Look at that cosplay. I know plenty of people, including myself, that wish as Gojo would step on me like that, man.   Is that Tralfargar Law? And then you had Batgirl? You had Binky the Clown? A Camara Ant? Freddy Krueger, Bunny Girl, Senpai? Nightclub music? We're gonna see Gojo at the rave. Which is a normal guy with a blindfold on with white hair floating in Shibuya. Another normal day in Japan.  My hotel, where I stayed in two months in Japan, was the Oyama Hotel.   I didn't see this. Do not let Gojo Dwayne go. Why she bring her kids with her? It's this little girl I'm gonna do. Oh, no. Oh, it's a guy.  Maysama knows.  What in the Mushuko Tensai am I looking at right now? Now we get incest and JJK, bro. It completes the anime checklist. Of course this arc happens when I enter Japan. I feel like I brought it upon them. So whatever happens to any character in this anime, y'all could blame me. Gojo, bro, when that train comes, go inside and leave. Leave. Sayonara. Leave, oh, leave.  You came? Who, me? Yeah, I did. Don't be, don't, don't, don't start giving me numbers and letters, man. This is when my dyslexia kicks in. It's the calm before the storm. You can tell, bro. You can hear it with the drums of liberation going on right now. The Kusage Crow. Oh, my God, that reminds me of Ren Goku. We all know what happened to him. Finally happened.  She's a bird lover. He's literally my match. Like if I had that power, man, it would be everything. Given the powerful curse spirit, he deserves it. We got to see his power. We got to see what he's been up to this whole season.  I'm telling you, buddy, end of the season, we're all going to be at the rave. Well, one crow is definitely a buid, recurse energy now. You ever go to a nightclub, bro? Tell them to put on that JJK nightclub mix. I don't see any common people around, bro. This is like 8 at night, and there's nobody there. This is so fake. I thought this was a real story. He's on the ground. Oh, downstairs.  Itadori's like, I'll handle him. I can't wait to see what this motherfucker looks like. Don't divide, bro. When we divide, we die. We don't conquer. We get conquered. We never learn. It's like we don't watch ads. Please.  Please let it happen. I think that's her daughter or her son. But what is he holding? He's holding like a guitar case. Wait a minute.  Bro, I think I'm on to something. This is crazy. That's why they call me Nicholas Preewatch TV.  Go, Joe. What am I looking at? Nothing.    I think he's Japanese, bro. Wait a minute.   Go, Joe. What am I looking at? Nothing.  Just drops the body and you hear it scorch on the ground. I'm clever.  Ghetto has a name. Oh, wait, stitches? Is that Mejido? Me- Mejido? Or is he talking about ghetto? They actually made this cricket project available. A cream pie reference. Oh, my God. Of course you're strongly capable. We all know that, go, Joe. All right, so the cricket is powerful. This is a chimera ant.   He belongs in the black bulls. I don't know how he did that without opening his mouth. Look. I don't know how he did that.  We've got to see what he's been training. Oh, this is going to be a good fight, man.  I just did some guys and went, welcome, welcome, man. Welcome. I stop with the clever.   Oh, he's a grasshopper. Oh. I'm going to find a grasshopper outside and torture it on camera. I'm going to torture it, bro. I'm going to put it on the plate and trap it, and then hold the lighter up to it and burn it, bit my bit. Japan's had it hard, man. Damn! Do you ever think you had it hard, bro? Look at Japan. Yeah, I think it is powerful dude. Look at him.  I think he got those moves from fortnight I did not know grasshoppers had cocks you learn something new every day All right mapper, okay, I get it. I get it mapper. You're good at what you do Okay, I get it that costed like five nights sleepless nights without family that one scene had that written all over it You see the reflections in this in the ground and everything man I'm getting a grasshopper, bro. I'm gonna get a batch of them and just set it on fire I'm filming Maybe that will get him not to stay clever again, but they've had a touch tips. It's hard to read has grown so much man Let's go Yeah, I love that black flash sound. I think you do a black flash.   I guess I'm dying. I guess I'm foaming from the mouth I guess I'm dying on the floor on a live stream.  Oh my god I don't know y'all think it's artery has like the potential to be stronger than um What's his name Utah? I don't know if he could be bro. I personally like Utah better than it's artery.   Oh, no We're gonna be fighting insects this season, aren't we?  Don't let him touch you bro.    Oh This is badass look at that shot with all the people. Oh my god Motherfuckers blown bubbles bubble gonna turn into a bomb and drop on the kids and kill them all They've been waiting for this literally all the jujutsu ties in let up to this moment right here He's got a one-by-one man. We're getting a massacre.  I knew it. I saw that coming.  No, do not end this episode do not end it.  The prison realm Oh my god, wait a minute. Wait a minute. Wait a minute, man. What's gonna happen next week? Oh nah Oh nah, man.  What's going on here? Why does gojo look so Why is he tethering laughing? What's going on here?   This is incredible. Where are all the other characters? Where is everybody? Why are we splitting up? Why don't we just stick together, man? What's going on? Whatever, I'll see y'all in the next jjk reaction. This is I'm gonna cry


So I had that blog, hopefully you read it. I did spend quite a bit of time making it, but yes, it was generally generated by GPT-4. Yeah, that image is not great. Let me know what you think of the layout and the general structure, the language. Yeah, I was tuning it down quite a bit. They don't remember how many prompts can probably check. And we're doing another one on the PPG. Someone was asking what PPG is. So we'll have a whole blog on it. And yes, I'm more interested in all sorts of specific issues about the recordings themselves. So I don't care what it's actually called. We will actually have some practical examples. Let's see what's what the advantages, disadvantages of different recording types mainly to do with transmitted versus reflected recordings. Not sure what the bot will be able to generate in terms of images. Actually quite curious, but we might do this later. Yeah, I'm having all sorts of issues with my USB devices because my microphone is not properly connected via the Navar pre-amplifier. Talking about amplifiers, we also have now a blog on EEG hardware. Can open it live server. That's not in production yet. But it's meant to using, so thinking, I wanna record my own EEG, I've done many times before. So it should be more than capable to do that. But problem is that my older gear, I can't use it anymore. I do have one of those old and I use the DAC, the data acquisition device. Problem is I can't connect electrodes to it directly. I have to use a pre-amplifier and Texas Instruments French Instrumental amp could help a lot. And this is just some generic, you don't need the key card or anything like that. To know why it even mentions it. Yeah, we need a good CMMR to know why the bias language there. Good common mode rejection ratio. Yes, you'll have to look it up or should I have a section?


and welcome to the Moscow L.A.'s Great Russian Left Cracker, the benefit for the Sharon S. Richardson Community Hospice. My name is Linda Cates. I'm the Development and Communications Director at Hospice. A few announcements and some recognition this evening before we've been to our show. We appreciate what it took for you to get here this evening in the face of all of those snowboard houses. I saw the dancers backstage. There's amazing talent here this evening. The performance will be well worth your efforts. The two gentlemen on stage with me were tirelessly on behalf of our hospice organization, usually behind the scenes. Steve Meyer, our development chair, and is also the Accounting Director at Plastics Engineering Company in Sheboygan. Steve led the charge this year to raise over $400,000 for our patient care fund. This fund allows us to serve families with hospice and county-to-care services, regardless of their ability to pay. Steve, you've done a great job. We appreciate all of your efforts and leadership. I'd like to introduce to you the same name as Eric Touchlock. He is the CEO of Sabre Corp. Eric, like Steve, has been with us from the very beginning. Eric. Support. It's the only hospice in the central Lakeshore area. Thank you so much for your support. I have a chance to partner with you on behalf of our hospice organization. Our way of sharing the holiday spirit is to provide the holiday life display at our hospice grounds. We're located on Highway 28 to start San Sheboygan Falls. The lights will be on until midnight tonight in celebration of the valet. Every evening through December, they will blow from 5 until 8 p.m. In addition, for this evening only, the Highland House has agreed to stay open to serve dinner until 10.30. They have offered a 20% discount on all food with a valet ticket, along with having a gift basket waffles and a donation of $1 to our hospice for every customer that was in their restaurant today. The participation of our youth is always a welcome gift. We have the support of two local groups to perform related things and support the valet. Performance from Jessica's School of Dance will be with us this evening. And we have some of the singers from the Hohensgrohe fire. The entire fire will be performing right here on Sunday, December 13th at 4 p.m. with the Hohensgrohe band. Lots of proud human members in the audience and rightly so. Please want to check out that show and the other holiday shows here at the Wild Center. We are honored to work with General Manager Randy Schwerer and his team. The Wild Center was recently named one of our community partners for a relationship that we very much enjoy. Last but not least, this evening, we are proud to recognize General Ross Taylor, the sponsor, Sargento. Sargento and the Gentine family are long-term friends in the Richardson Hospice. They supported us during our building campaign. Many organizations in this region have done that as we have from the companies we've been to give back to their community. The Gentine is with us this evening to accept recognition as the Sponsoring Organization is the President and Chief Customer Officer at Sargento. Let's welcome Randy and the others at Sargento who have made it possible for us to provide the priceless gift of hospice through your generosity. We're so privileged to receive your support. To sponsor this evening's event with the Moscow Ballet performing the Nutcracker. I'm also very happy to see the game of people here in the auditorium even with the inclement, whether showing your support for the sharing of Sargento Richardson Hospice Center. Unfortunately, I've had the opportunity to know a lot of employees as well as friends who have utilized the services of the center. The one thing that they all tell me time and time again is that that center we should be very proud and thankful for having a facility like that within our community. And when you think back to Sharon who was battling cancer and her and her husband Joe having the vision and the dream to create and build at some point the hospice center for this community to utilize and benefit from. And once she had passed away in May in 2004 her husband Joe took on the initiative to fulfill that dream and that vision and with the support the unwavering support of this community we were able to build in honor of Sharon the Sharon S. Richardson Community Hospice Center. And I think it's tokens like that and things like that that make this community a great community to be in. It makes us feel good as a company as well as individuals to contribute back our success as a community. And I think it's something that all of you here in this room should also feel very thankful that you're a part of community a community that we're in and that you're able to contribute what you're able to. So I think you have two things and that first thing is remember to continue on building upon that vision and that dream that Sharon had in your support of the Sharon Richardson Hospice Center. I'd also like to wish you all a very merry, merry Christmas and I also hope you enjoy the performance. Thank you. Pleasure to present Jay Account who will introduce the valet. Ladies and gentlemen, it is my honor and privilege to introduce to you this evening the Moscow Valet performing the great Russian Nutcracker.


Hey survivors and thrivers, in this video I am going to be talking about why relationships with narcissists fail. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. Donations are greatly appreciated. If you would like to donate, my paypal link is in the video description. If you are interested in one on one coaching, you can contact me at narksfivercoaching at gmail.com. The coaching session will provide you with further knowledge and understanding of your situation and it will also guide you towards healing and recovery from narcissistic abuse. Check out the new narksfiver merchandise, narksfiver t-shirts and mugs are now available through our t-spring page. The link is in the video description. Why relationships fail with narcissists? Why did your relationship fail with narcissists? They put in so much time and effort to secure you as a source of supply. They made it seem as though you had so much in common and you were about the same things. You would think that you were compatible with the narcissist. The truth is, they didn't put all that time and effort in for you. That was for them. It was so they could extract whatever it is they needed from you in that moment. Your attention, validation, approval or admiration of them. Your positive energy money, material items or sex. In that moment they recognized that you had something that they could benefit from. Something that they wanted to extract from you, the time and effort that they put into the relationship in the beginning was not to benefit you in any way. It was designed to secure you as a source of supply so that they could extract whatever it is they needed from you in that moment. They may have led you to believe that they had certain qualities or they were about certain things but the reality is that they are interested in something more unnatural which goes against social norms. Their way of being goes against the expected behavior that an individual is expected to conform in a particular group, community or culture. When you first meet them they will imply that they are aligned with the expected behavior when in reality they have ulterior motives. They might imply in the beginning that they are about honesty, loyalty and trust. You soon discover that they are not about any of that. They just know that you are about that and if they don't conform to the expected behavior you are not going to want anything to do with them. I think a part of them also idealizes your way of being the qualities, talents and positive traits which you possess but then they realize that they can't be like that and your qualities, talents and positive traits can never be theirs. So then they will devalue and degrade you or act as though you are worthless or insignificant but this really comes from their pathological envy and jealousy. Narcissus are quick to extract whatever it is they need from you.  A healthy relationship should have a 50-50 balance of give and take between two people. The problem with relationships with Narcissus is that all they do is take without giving you anything in return. This leaves you feeling drained and lifeless. You may feel neglected and appreciated, invalidated or unattractive. It could also drain you financially. The Narcissus may use the money to buy whatever they want while you are unable to buy the things that you want to buy or do the things that you want to do. Sexually you may be focused on pleasing the Narcissus but the Narcissus isn't interested in pleasing you. There is no balance of giving and taking in the relationship. You are giving everything you have and receiving nothing or the bare minimum in return. This affects your health and makes it almost impossible to sustain the relationship. As you are giving everything you have without having anything to replenish yourself, you are not receiving anything from the Narcissus to restore your energy to the level or condition that it was before they had taken from you. This leaves you in a state where you are constantly deteriorating and once you have nothing left to give, the Narcissus will leave because you are no longer capable of giving them what they need. Which is the only reason why they wanted a relationship with you. They expected you to serve them. Narcissus see you as an object towards an extension of them. They do not think about what you need from them. They are self-absorbed and lack empathy. When they get into relationships it's all about what they can take, what they can extract. And once they've got all that they can get, they are out of there and onto the next source of supply. Who hasn't been drained or used of all of their gifts or qualities. So they could do the same thing all over again. It may have seemed as though you were compatible and you had a lot in common with them, but they were just mirroring you and appealing to your own ideals. They weren't really about any of that, but they knew that you were. They knew that by mirroring what you were interested in, they would be able to keep you around so they could extract more of what they needed from you. If they had shown you who they really were or what they were really about from the beginning, you wouldn't have been interested in them. You wouldn't have stuck around. This is why they had to mirror you and appeal to your own ideals. It was designed to spark your interest in them, where otherwise there would have been none.  You couldn't do anything wrong.  Their perception of you being perfect soon changed when they start to discover that you are not perfect. They may have been real or imagined faults, mistakes, flaws or imperfections.  These faults, mistakes, flaws or imperfections don't always have to be real. Sometimes they can be imagined or misperceived, as Nazis have a distorted thought process. But also because the Nazis has to sue you this way because they are pathologically envious and jealous.  The very things that they will begin to devalue or degrade. The reason for this is because your qualities, talents and positive traits trigger them to reflect on their insecurities or weaknesses, which then causes them to feel intense envy and jealousy. Nazis do not like to self reflect or look within. They don't want to accept that they have insecurities or weaknesses. It's too painful for them. They are shame based individuals doing everything they can to avoid shame. So in their minds they are perfect. They don't make faults or mistakes. They don't have flaws or imperfections. Anytime that they do make a fault or mistake, they will shift the blame onto you. Anytime that they are triggered to reflect on a flaw or imperfection, they will project it onto you. This is their way of avoiding self reflection and dodging the shame. Of course this can cause a lot of problems in the relationship. As any time you display a positive characteristic or trait which triggers the Nazis to self reflect on their insecurities or weaknesses, they will devalue or degrade you in some way.  You may try to confront the Nazis in an attempt to understand what is going on. But this will only be met with manipulation tactics such as denial, projection, blame shifting, gaslighting and the double bind. The Nazis are not going to accept responsibility or accountability for anything that they do. They are emotionally mature.  You may have tried to give them love or kindness only to receive more abuse or manipulation.  That's how their narcissistic parent always made them feel. Their narcissistic parent made it very clear to them that they are unlovable, that they are not good at anything and cannot make anything work with them. This is the narrative that has been playing in their minds since they were children and they feel more comfortable experiencing this with you because it is familiar to them so they will look for evidence or reasons that you are treating them bad in a negative way. Their internal dialogue or inner critic constantly makes them feel intense self-hatred and anger. They have to find a way to get this off their chest so they will look for reasons or evidence that you hate them or you have a negative motive so that they can reject and unload their self-hatred and anger onto you. The narcissist cannot accept being treated respectfully by you. It makes them feel uncomfortable. They expect to be treated bad or in an inactive way. It's as though they are almost waiting for you to act in this way towards them. This is why they will appear to push and provoke you for no reason. They do not feel comfortable with you liking or respecting them. It goes against their internal dialogue, their inner critic. It goes against what they were told by their narcissist's parent which is now what they believe about themselves. So they will push and provoke you to fulfill their expectation of you treating them bad or in an inactive way. It eases the tension within them. It makes them feel more comfortable. You may be trying to get them to understand that you just want to make them happy. You want to reach a mutual understanding but they are not listening. They do not want to believe you.   They are comfortable playing this role as they were victimised as children by their narcissist's parent. Maybe this is why they always have to deny any responsibility or accountability for their actions. In their minds they are the victims. It's as though they are still that emotionally immature child being abused by their narcissistic parent. The parent's internal dialogue is still running in their minds and that's what they are responding to. Regardless of what you are saying to them and the internal dialogue which is running in their minds and telling them that they are worthless or insignificant is what they will then project onto you. This is how they might randomly push or provoke you for no apparent reason and you may be wondering where they even got the desire or motivation to do that to you. In those situations it's not because of anything you've said or done, it's because of the inner dialogue or inner critic in their minds which they are then projecting onto you. In their minds a person is either all good or all bad and since how they see you reflects on how they see themselves you have to be seen as all bad so they can see themselves as being all good. Their narcissism is a defence mechanism against their internal dialogue or inner critic.  As a defence mechanism they had to create a false self which is the exact opposite of that. Remember they see everything in black or white good or bad and this reflects on how they see themselves. So for them to be the exact opposite of everything their internal dialogue or inner critic is telling them that they are. They have to project all of that onto you and that's how you go from being the perfect most amazing person at the beginning of the relationship to being the useless, ugly, worthless and insignificant person in their minds which is really just a projection of their own internal dialogue or inner critic of themselves. They like that you keep trying to explain to them. It's giving them a narcissistic supply. You are giving them attention. You are making them feel as though they are worth something and they are significant. They enjoy the arguments. It gives them an opportunity to abuse and manipulate you.  It is feeding their ego. They do not want to believe you and even if they did want to believe you their internal dialogue or inner critic which abuses them all day every day is not going to let them. Their disorder is fixed in such a perfect way where the exact things that they need to cure from you, the exact things that they need to understand which would override their internal dialogue or inner critic are the exact things that the disorder has been programmed to deny and block out the most. You are not compatible with a narcissist because while you might be a high vibrational person they are low vibrational. High vibration is linked to positivity, love, compassion and peacefulness. Low vibration is linked to fear, anxiety, sadness and depression. You have probably noticed that they are always trying to project these emotions onto you. How they are trying to get you to feel is how they already feel. High vibrational people are not compatible with low vibrational people. It is said that like vibrations attract like vibrations but this is not always true. While high vibrational people are naturally attracted to each other low vibrational people are also attracted to high vibrational people. Narcissists are attracted to your energy like morphs to a flame. They will try to transmute this energy into something that benefits them but it never really works out that way. Our high energy may sustain us but it doesn't sustain them because it's not compatible with their low vibrations. But this doesn't stop them from being attracted to it and wanting to extract this energy from us. Their low vibrations will also have an effect on you. Narcissists have become familiar with feelings of worthlessness and insignificance, inferiority, dissatisfaction and unfulfillment, emotional abuse and manipulation, devaluation and degradation, humiliation and exploitation, pathological lying and cheating. Those are the actions and behaviours that narcissists have become familiar with. It has become habitual. It has become routine. It is something they do constantly. So it has become a part of their character and personality. It has become a lifestyle. It is a way of living for them. This is something they engage in daily. All of their thoughts and emotions feed into these negative actions and behaviours. These actions and behaviours then dominate the narcissist's character and personality. Their thoughts and emotions feed into this negative energy. The negative energy comes from whatever they are consistently thinking or feeling and most often they are thinking or feeling something of a negative nature. They are always thinking about something negative whether towards themselves or someone else. This causes them to be out of harmony. They are unable to experience any peace, love or joy. The negative energy prevents any growth or change.   It starts off with them entering negative thoughts and feelings which then lead to actions and behaviours which creates an addiction and becomes a lifestyle. When you are around them it can pull you into this negative way of thinking and feeling. These thoughts and feelings are very contagious. Even high vibrational people can be pulled into this way of being unless they remove themselves from the situation. If you stay around them and entertain this negative energy you will become a part of it. If you continue to sustain your high vibrations, positivity, love, compassion and peacefulness you will not be compatible with them and then they will be forced to remove themselves from the situation. They will discard you. While they may have been attracted to your high vibrations initially, over time it triggers them to reflect on how they don't possess those qualities and then they just want to destroy you. This is why they are always trying to provoke negative emotions with you or feelings of worthlessness or insignificance. They want you to feel as though you are not right or not good enough. This is their way of trying to lower your vibration so that they can feel more comfortable around you. Two opposing frequencies cannot exist in the same space for long periods of time. When you are around a person their energy can either lift you up or bring you down. There are certain symptoms that you may experience when you are around low vibrational people such as narcissists. These symptoms may include tightness in the chest or throat, rapid breathing, shaky hands, digestive problems, a feeling of heaviness in your body, physical pain, tiredness, headaches, feeling nauseous and having a dry mouth. The symptoms can lead to more chronic conditions such as constant mind grains, autoimmune disorders, depression, chronic fatigue and panic attacks. Being around low vibrational people is very damaging to your health. The narcissist will drain the life out of you and then leave you for someone who has a high vibration which could be anyone as once they have finished with you your vibration will be very low. As a high vibrational person you will naturally crave and desire to be around other high vibrations. You may become frustrated or resentful towards the narcissist as they are not capable of providing this to you. It may appear as though they are giving you high energy in the beginning but this is actually what they are extracting from you. This is why they are unable to sustain it for a long periods of time. It's not coming from within them. They are extracting the energy from you through an interaction or from being in close proximity to you. I'd recommend being around animals or children, going for a walk in nature, having a bath with Himalayan salts and listening to relaxing music. This will provide you with the high energy you crave which the narcissist is not capable of giving to you. Narcissists lie and cheat which is another reason why relationships will fail with them. No matter how much attention, validation, approval or admiration you give to them, no matter how much positive energy, money, material items or sex you give to them, it will never be enough. Narcissists cannot be satisfied or fulfilled. They are like empty buckets with a leak at the bottom.   They are not good to self reflect and then realize that they cannot be satisfied or fulfilled and that's the reason why they are feeling frustration or resentment.  They will also withhold sex from you most likely why they are busy with whoever they are cheating with you on.   They are paranoid or hyper-vigilant because that's exactly what they are doing or they are thinking of doing it. In their minds they think that if they have done it or if they are thinking of doing it then so are you.  They also don't want to deal with the narcissist's injury of being wrong so they will push and provoke you until you do whatever it is they are accusing you of and then they will use that against you too. They will use that as an excuse to abuse you, cheating you or cheating you even more if they have already cheated. It just becomes a huge mess where there is no loyalty honesty or trust no respect you may have been abused and manipulated constantly lied to and cheated on and yet the narcissist refused to accept responsibility for their actions and at this point if you recognize that the narcissist was at fault you will leave them or the narcissist might leave you and you will blame yourself even though you were abused and manipulated day after day for many years lied to and cheated on the narcissist might have made you believe that it was your fault you were not good enough or something was wrong with you so then it's like a double blow not only have you had all of this stuff done to you but you are also told that it is your fault you are to blame and you deserve to be treated that way this can have really damaging effects on your self-worth and your self-esteem many victims of a narcissist abuse initially feel as though they are not good enough for anyone they do not deserve to be loved they do not deserve to be happy but this really isn't true at all you are good enough you deserve to be loved you deserve to be happy you have many amazing qualities talents and positive traits the narcissist knew this that's what drew them to you in the beginning but then they wanted to destroy it because it made them feel as though they were not good enough they projected their feelings onto you they shifted the blame for all of the problems they caused in the relationship onto you don't ever think that you are not enough or you do not deserve to be loved the narcissist was not capable of giving you the love that you deserved but if you heal yourself from this and give yourself all of the love and energy that you were given to the narcissist you will be able to attract a like-minded person who possess similar qualities talents and positive traits a person who will be able to reciprocate the love and energy that you are given to them a person who will appreciate and validate you instead of taking you for granted and just using you for their own selfish needs you are enough you deserve to be loved you deserve to be happy check out my playlist of videos on healing from a narcissist's abuse i believe that they can help you to heal from this thank you for watching i hope this video resonated with you please like comment share and subscribe if you would like to donate i pay about links in the video description coaching inquiries you can email me at nags5coaching at gmail.com check out the nags5 image that i store where you can get your own nags5 t-shirt or mug the link is in the video description that's all for this video please remember to share the video so it can help other survivors just as it helped you and i will talk to you soon