Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to this webinar. My name is David Farrell. I'm a professor of politics at University College Dublin. And I'm very pleased to welcome you to this webinar today, which is co-organized by the IIEA and the European Parliament Liaison Office in Ireland. The Conference on the Future of Europe is an historic EU-wide exercise in citizens' engagement. It provides an opportunity for citizens across the European Union to participate in a dialogue for politicians at national and EU level on plans for the future of the European Union. Now, we're in the latter stages of the conference with the very last meeting of the citizens' panels taking place in Dublin this coming weekend. This, of course, is deeply symbolic because Ireland is internationally recognized as a leader in promoting the use of deliberative processes like this, so I'm particularly pleased that we will be having that event here. So my job is to, first of all, introduce everyone, say a little bit about the running order, and then let us get started with the process. What I'm going to do is I'll first introduce each of the panelists before they make their initial remarks. And we've asked each panelist to try and confine their remarks to between five and seven minutes, ideally, to give us enough time for discussion. Once they've concluded, we will go straight to a discussion and question and answer session. And so I would ask you to submit any questions you may have via the Zoom Q&A function that you see down at the bottom right of your screen. If you type in your questions there, we will do our best to get to as many questions as possible in the time that we have. So let me introduce the three members of the European Parliament that we're, I'm delighted to have them with us for this panel today. This is the order in which we will run the session. So we'll start with Colin Markey, who was represented the Midlands Northwest Constituency for Fina Gale since 2020 and currently serves on the Agricultural and Rural Development Committee. Before becoming an MEP, he was a member and former chair of Loud County Council and the former president of the Irish Youth Farm Association, Macrona Farmer. He currently runs the Loud Leadership Partnership for SMEs and runs a family farm in Tocher County Loud. Then we'll be followed by Laurence Fereng, who is a French MEP, representing the Move-A-Mon Democrat since 2019. She is also a regional councillor for the Nouvelle Accretaine region in France. She was formerly a local councillor and the former director of communication, events and protocol for the city of Pow. She is the Renew Europe's Groups Coordinator for the Culture and Education Committee of the European Parliament and a member of the European Parliament's delegation to the conference on the future of Europe, as well as the founder of the Bonjour Lyork initiative, facilitating youth placements in cities and universities across Europe. And then last but not least, Josiane Kuttyjar is a Maltese MEP, representing the Labour Party there since 2019. She is the vice chair of the European Parliament delegation for relations with Australia and New Zealand and a member of the Industry, Energy and Research Committee with a focus on digital policy and the single market. Before becoming an MEP, Ms. Kuttyjar worked in the office of the Prime Minister of Malta, working on issues of equal gender representation, domestic and gender-based violence. So just to remind everyone that today's address, discussion and Q&As are all being recorded, so they're all open and public. Please feel free to join in the discussion on Twitter if you like. You can use the handles at IIEA or at EP in Ireland to try and help make sure that everyone can see all the tweets. And we are also live streaming today's discussion, so I want to give a special warm welcome to all of you tuning in via YouTube. So I'd like to invite the panelists to start with their brief remarks and I'll start with you, Colin. Thank you very much, David. And as you say, it's timely to have this event this week with the Citizens Panel at the weekend. And I suppose, as you say, it's modeled in a lot of ways on the Citizens' Assemblies we've had here in Ireland over the years. And I think we've had a good track record in terms of the outcomes of them. And I think one of the key things about the outcomes of them was the mere citizen engagement got people interacting in the conversation. And I feel like it evolved the conversation as to where things could go. And I think it should be the same at the European level because there's certainly a concern, if you like, about concerns of a disconnect, if you like. Certainly, if you're over in Brussels and you see how much disconnected sometimes, the ordinary people are underground to policy and the development of policy. And times that can lead to a bit of apathy. And in a world where sort of media is, if you like, changing forms of media that are out there. And if you like, it's gone to a world where people more reinforce their opinions rather than challenge their opinions. And I think something like this gives us the opportunity to challenge those opinions. And I suppose the other thing about it is the context that we're in at the minute is very important, like when you consider we've just come out of the pandemic. We had Brexit before that, which if you like challenged many things about Europe and where Europe is going. And then with our current scenario on the Eastern borders, what's happening there. So we've all that going on or have gone on over the last couple of years. And then to all of that, we've a backdrop of our climate challenge, which is going to really put many strains in many ways in terms of how we can achieve that over the years. So just to touch on this both briefly, as you said, some of the key issues I would see that are there that we really need to focus on. Obviously, the one that I mentioned there in relation to the security side of it, like when you look at the situation in Ukraine, what's developing, it asked the question, how are we meant to deal with that into the future? How are we meant to deal with aggression, if you like, on the war on stage? And also if you look at a scenario where in more recent years, I suppose US foreign policy has been taken a step back. And you ask, what is there a vacuum there? How is it to be fulfilled? I suppose here in Ireland, we'd very much value our defense policy, or sorry, our neutrality policy, should I say. And the part we played in terms of a peacekeeper on the war on stage and neutrality has been very strong from an Irish perspective. And I suppose the question is then, how does that save for European defense? And I know there's a conversation in certain places as regards to European army, that's one that certainly would be a challenging conversation here in Ireland. And the whole Ukrainian thing then leads, I think a lot of these things are interconnected. The Ukrainian thing leads to the question as regards to the scenario that Russia leads to the question in relation to our security, of our energy supply, and in particular our gas supply obviously. And what her options are in terms of if you like, do we need to wean ourselves off that security from the East? And I think that is a major concern. And then brings into focus, if you like, all the things around that we were discussing the likes of taxonomy that we're discussing at the moment in terms of alternative energy sources. Like, and there's very, like very, what would have been difficult questions that we would have talked about in the past around nuclear and about liquid natural gas and things like that. But equally in an Irish context, we have a massive opportunity in terms of offshore wind. So how we, I suppose, the idealism at one level of the ambition to greener environment, and people on the other side of that argument will talk about the practical approach, I suppose, and how we make that ambition in terms of the environment, how we practically deliver it. But in the current climate, we've probably decoded realities of how we have to make that tangible and that's really gonna be a challenge. And I think that leads like the energy question leads into our environmental question where we're looking to decarbonize the environment as well. So like that, to replace the energy to take the carbon out of our environment, like in transport, like heavy goods, vehicles, aviation, maritime transport, these are all big challenges that we have. And I think how we intend to deal with these. And one thing that I see with this that it leads on to interconnect with that again is like if you like our food systems and if you like an old issue that we would have talked about for years would be our food security. And I know that's an old issue, but in a way when you look at the current scenario where like we have to recognize that the production of food impacts on our environment. And if you like global warming, impacts on our potential to produce food. And equally, if we seek to decarbonize food production systems, that impacts on the use of fertilizers and things and that in itself can have an impact on food supplies. So all the interactions of let's say our security or energy supplier environment and even our food production system where really we're looking at, if you like the interlinks of food systems approach I think is something that started into the conversation more recent years where we include the likes of food policy with environment policy and with health policy where you integrate all three together because the three are so interlinked. And I think going forward that food systems approach is something that we're going to have to think a lot about. I suppose all the key areas then like I mentioned at the start, post pandemic that what Europe can do in health is something that's come into focus as well in terms of, I suppose we saw the response the COVID pandemic, whether it be the roll out of the vaccines and how Europe invested in that and by working together, okay, it was a little bit slow initially but certainly the capacity for smaller countries like Malta or like Ireland to benefit from that from the collective purchase and the collective roll out of that was very important. And equally the pooling resources in terms of the research capacity and the digital certificate all those things are things that Europe played a major part in. And I suppose the question going forward then is in the area of medicine, can we play a part? Like particularly I think in the area of preventative medicine is there's something we can do there in relation certainly in the research space and in the vaccine space and in the mental health space. Like we're obviously not, well, I don't think we're going to set up any European A&E like emergency response but in the preventative medicine space in the research space, perhaps there's a lot Europe can do. And I think these are some of the key areas. I could keep an eye on it. I don't know, maybe if you want me to wrap up with that, there is one or two other ones obviously digital transformation, the business is young people. These are all areas that are so, so important. Maybe we'll come up to them better in the questions and I'll leave it that for the minute just as a kickoff. Thank you Colin and thank you very much for keeping to time. We're really grateful for that. There's a lot to say as you say. So thank you for keeping it confined. And just to remind everyone if you have any questions do please put them into the Q&A. We'll keep an eye on them as this proceeds. So I'll turn to the Rons next. Yes, thank you very much Professor Farrell and thank you to the Institute for inviting me today. I'm really delighted to be here to exchange on the conference on the future of Europe with everybody who is connected and I'm pleased to meet my colleagues as well. Thank you for introducing me. I am indeed French member of the European Parliament in the Renew Europe political group. First, I would like to say a few words on me. I come as you said from Beau, it's a city in the very southwest of France close to the mountains and in the European Parliament I am coordinator for my group Renew Europe in the Coal Committee to give you an example of what my work there looks like. In 2020, I negotiated the new Erasmus Plus program for the period of 2021-2027 and these programs are for seven years so it's very important to have the good decision on it. My priorities in the process were to secure a stronger global budget for this successful European program and to ensure a greater inclusion of participants. Regarding the conference on the future of Europe, I'm glad to see that many talks in the two first sessions of the panel one show once again how these mobility programs are for citizens milestones of the European Union. As you mentioned this weekend, citizens panel number one will meet in Dublin Castle and work on their final recommendation regarding the three last white topics which are the one on economy, social justice and employment, the one on the digital transition and the one I am the most familiar with education, youth, culture and sport. The last, this last citizens panel will mark a very important moment of the conference as it marks the start of the next step for us members of the conference plenary which will be to discuss these recommendations and build concrete proposals. I can tell you that I'm really looking forward to read the citizens recommendation giving our interesting exchanges with the citizens in our working groups of the plenary with their final recommendation we will be able to reach the next step in this unique process. As preliminary remarks, there are two points about this conference that I would like to share with you. The conference of the future of Europe is truly a major unique exercise of citizens participation at the European level. As a member of the European Parliament part of this renew Europe family, I was proved to see that my political group has done so much for this large scale participation exercise to exist because for the first time the three European institutions are putting citizens in the center enabling them to have a strong voice in the future of our European policies. With the launch of the platform of the digital platform every citizens could contribute share an idea, build an event and connect with other European citizens no matter where they live in Europe. To me it's a crucial point. Coming from a city in France that is not Paris but a medium-sized city close to Spain I always fought for a fair representation of all citizens coming from rural or urban areas or different backgrounds. We face different challenge specific questions and they should be heard as well. The second point that I find very crucial with the conference of the future of Europe is to involve the younger generation and the citizens panels reflect this need. With one third of citizens being aged between 16 and 25 young people are given the priority and to be included in the European process to be consulted on the European Union is what they want. According to the youth survey 2021 around three out five respondents it's 62% are generally in favour of the European Union and the 2019 European election so a significant mobilisation at the ballot box for the younger generation with a jump of 14 points among the under 55 years old. However they are calling for new form of participation in the democratic process in addition to the traditional vote which would be more concrete and bring more results more quickly. A few recommendations from the panel on democracy and values reflect this wish. To me it's all linked to our common European identity this European identity is complex as the core of it is our diversity and this European spirit might seem abstract because it passes through experiences. I think this is why and this is what the programme Erasmus has shown. Hence to me they are first two leads that European Union should build on for younger generation to be part of the project and embrace it. This is mobility and participation and I am happy to see that in the last stages of the conference this is what citizens were calling for openness and more Europe. Of course there are many other interesting points and inputs from citizens to talk and I will be very happy to develop on them with you. Thank you very much. Thank you and again thank you for keeping to time no pressure your Sian because you're the last one. I turn the floor to you now. Thank you very much David and thanks to the Institute for the invite and this initiative as well as the European Union liaison office in Ireland here. It's a very important work and it's great to come together and discuss the upcoming conference and also in the wake of the panel taking place in Dublin this weekend. It's a true pleasure indeed to be also discussing and when it comes to important aspects related also to the aspects of panel one and as anticipated earlier my focus and my line of work one of the focus is precisely digitalization. I work on digital files built in the ITRA committee but also in the TRON committee where I've worked on various opinions and I take you also through some points I've put forward also for this debate. First of all the recommendations from panel from the panel will in fact be very much important because they'll be feeding and still work of the digital transformation working group which I do form parts in this process of the conference plenary and then we could also formulate some concrete proposals which take into account these suggestions to be approved then in the final plenary. The European Union as we know is thriving to be the world leader when it comes to digitalization also through its regulation and the work we're conducting in the institutions could really have an effect on the remaining part of the world. We know that Europe is trying to ensure that fundamental values and rights of our union are respected in the digital domain and I really hope that we will lead by example here. From human rights to freedom of expression and right to privacy to principles paramount for our single markets these are all very much important that we preserve and work more at home. What is illegal offline must be illegal online maybe this is a phrase that you've heard and it's something which the EU and the institutions are striving towards even the European Parliament in its various reports is striving towards and indeed Europe is trying to do this and this is something which we really believe in. There are plenty of digital initiatives that the European Union and its institutions are putting forward and I would really like to touch upon some of these. From the experience with throughout this process of the conference we've seen how even through certain recommendations being put forward by the citizens they are putting forward certain values certain principles which are already being reflected in certain legislative initiatives and therefore I wanted to also address a bit maybe a knowledge gap which may exist between what is known in Brussels and the immediate institutions and what is known to the public. I wanted therefore to touch upon some legislation which we're working upon at the moment the Digital Services Act and the Digital Market Act have received quite some media attention but it's important to also underline here and recap that the Digital Services Act which referred to as the DSA and short aims at regulating online platforms and their content and here the final work from Parliament contains very important provisions on protecting consumers from legal content and on banning dark patterns. What are dark patterns? Are patterns referred to tricks used in websites and devs that make you do things that you don't mean to like buying or signing up for something and we need to address these. The most important provision for me then is a very important point which is at heart we need to protect all vulnerable citizens including our children and indeed our legislation our proposed piece of legislation is insisting on the importance of a ban on collection of data from minors to conduct targeted advertising. Then the DMA the Digital Market Act attains that improving competition and restoring fair markets. It is aimed at bit players in the sense that it regulates certain abuses or dominance which could happen by bit players which may not allow smaller players including Assamese to come forward within the market. We really need a new market which is open to everyone to reach their potential including our small and medium-sized enterprises. I work a lot on Assamese policy even in the TREP Committee and I really believe that there's a huge potential in the digital field also for our Assamese. I want to ensure that EU businesses are not stifled when trying to enter or succeed within the EU market. Proving competition means also improving the customer experience and the customer's choice in reality. We want to allow consumers to have choice and fair prices. I personally looked also at the Digital Market Act from a tourism perspective. Trust me when I say that we need legislation of the sort to protect our European businesses and maintain the diversity presence in the EU markets. The DSA and the MA are now currently being negotiated in triumphs under the guidance of the French presidency. The EU is also moving forward when it comes to regulating the use of artificial intelligence. We know how AI is spreading and we need to have clear rules in place to ensure that there is protection but also incentivizing businesses to develop in this field. Again, first in the world, again we are drawing attention to the other continents. So make it brief. The EU wants to take a risk-based approach to AI to ensure that safety and human rights come first. AI will benefit our society but must be deployed carefully and we must have clear rules and disfills. Think about, for example, facial recognition technology or social scoring. There are risks associated and we really need to address that. Here I am working more from the transport and tourism side of things as also the reporter on the socialist behalf and the committee of the transport and tourism and it's important that we push forward a strong legislation. Then there are other important aspects in the extra committee. We're working also as shadow reporter in my case on the policy program of the path towards the digital decades. We hear a lot when it comes to the environmental targets with European unions putting forward important targets that we need to achieve whilst making sure that we leave no one behind when it comes to the different segments of our society when it comes to our vulnerable citizens but also vulnerable regions and we need to make sure that we leave no one behind when it comes to member states respective of whether they are small or large whether they are central on the continent or our islands or beyond and therefore this is very important even when it comes to digitalization and its targets. We need to work with member states and the stakeholders and have an ambitious program. We are putting targets for 2030 similar to the targets in the sense that we have targets of the Green Deal for the environmental aspect but also we're putting forward targets for the digital aspect and in this regard I look forward to working with the stakeholders to put forward ambitious targets not to leave our businesses behind our semis but also our citizens. We need to look at basic skills basic skills which are essential as the work has shifted more online as the services have shifted even more online during the pandemic including basic services and make sure even when it comes to public sector services that will have the digitalization in place. The recently published proposal for an inter-institutional European declaration on digital rights and principles is also an important initiative to mention. With some colleagues who are calling to strengthen the text to avoid a missed opportunity we need a stronger call we need a charter of digital rights within the EU and we need to look even at stress even beyond. There are some digital rights which we should consider as human rights including when it comes to the access of the internet as a human rights. We know that the internet is no longer a necessity but it is a must and therefore it's not I'm sorry it's no longer a luxury but this is a necessity and it's a must and therefore we need enablers first and foremost we need enablers of connectivity of skills and of recognizing stronger rights and giving them a stronger status to make sure that we get there. The pandemic has taught us how important internet accessibility is as I said and indeed this is a long process when I speak of human rights of recognizing certain certain digital rights as a human right but we need to start working towards this process. I hope that from what I have explained today it may be clear a bit to the citizens what the EU is doing from a digital perspective. What is key to underline is also that from the proposals which have been put forward and the preliminary outputs come from panel one citizens have been putting forward requests on issues that the EU is in some respect already taking action on. Just as an example an orientation is on a new legislation for online advertising and the DSA which we've been working upon is already presenting some text calling for the pen on targeted advertising for example. I won't comment much at the stage when it comes to the cleanery outcome from panel one but I wanted to quickly pick up on some important points which were put forward. I really like the concept of democratization of digitalization and to do this digitalization must be really accessible to everyone. It calls for school curricula to teach digital skills from an early age or the call to fight harmful content and speech online. All very important principles which you must take on board and continue fighting upon and working upon in the European Union. The point I am making is that the recommendations from panel one are also promising with their suggestions and I really cannot wait to read the final ones. I look forward also to analyzing them within the digital transformation working group at the conference cleanery and I look forward to the Q&A which ensues. Thank you very much and thanks to all who joined us. Thank you Josiane and thank you to all three contributors for some fascinating contributions. I was scribbling notes while I was listening to you and we have Collin talking about security in a number of different dimensions not just militarily but also in terms of foreign policy, energy, environment, food security. Security was a very strong theme that I got from you. Laurence started from the Erasmus that wonderful Erasmus scheme and the whole theme of mobility and particularly its impact on our younger citizens and that then went to a really nice discussion I thought about what we can do to help our younger generation and not least the demands of our younger generation for new forms of participation. And then Josiane you were talking about your particular prominent theme of digitalization and how that affects questions to do with human rights and freedom of expression more generally. You discussed at the Digital Services Act you discussed the possibility of a charter of digital rights and the theme of artificial intelligence. So we've got a really rich feast of different themes that each of you have brought to the feast and so I guess I could just start and actually let me just interrupt myself before I start with my question just to remind everyone that if you have any questions please put them into the Q&A now we already have one but I would like a few more and if possible tell us your affiliation and your name as well so we know who we're talking to. But my question I want to go first of all to all three panelists with the same question based on this rich feast that you've introduced to us. What are your expectations for this weekend? What are your expectations for the conference on the future of Europe generally? Is it going to make a difference? And let me be a little bit more precise. Do you envisage treaty reforms? And if there are not treaty reforms has this been a waste of time? So I'm trying to be a wee bit provocative just to get the discussion going but let me go in the same order as we started with Colm your mute. I don't know is the answer I wouldn't be so sure one way or the other I think definitely we do need a meaningful engagement and I wonder if today we've had that and certainly I think there's a need to get that level of engagement and I suppose it's not just about treaty change it's also about policy in different areas that can be acted on within legislation within the parliament or the like but I do wonder are we getting enough of a meaningful engagement with the citizens on the ground? And I think it's critical that we do and I think we have to ask a question about like where it'll go in terms of treaty change just what that would look like and what the various like most of what's been talked about has been the detail of we'll say be it climate policy or be it digital transition or things like that various things like that and I don't know that that it necessarily has engaged today to the level that it needs to to really like if you ask the ordinary person on the street how they engage with the conference in the future Europe I don't know if they are not and it's not that I'm being critical of it but I think the challenge is on us all to make sure that there's meaningful engagement and then we have to go back again to have further engagement I think it's very important where that goes in terms of policy I think there's a lot more to it than treaty change and I think there's a lot can be achieved just in terms of work plans and initiatives and direction of travel in terms of the environment in terms of the digital base in terms of the young people so as I say there's it's multifaceted but my underlying concern is are we talking to ourselves or are we talking to the public and either concerned or ultimately not talking to the public enough in this okay slightly slightly pessimistic then Laurent thank you very much of course as a pure European group we have big hope with the conference and it's a very difficult way because we have to reach big agreement between all the institution and the three institutions so what's happening at the citizen level is one thing it's very important because as I said it's the first time that so huge consultation is happening so it's very important that every citizen after the Brexit after this wave of populism has the occasion to have a reflection all together about what Europe can really deliver so I think this point is very is the plus is very important and we will see what will happen this weekend but we have already the conclusion of the first panel and as you mentioned there are a big challenge with the treaties because we have this panel about democracy of course the unanimity rule is a big challenge so all of us and in the parliament and I see my colleague were not in line on this topic but I am profoundly in favour because we can go further without this without reopening the treaty when it comes to of rule of law of budget and so on and we see we are very in a very crucial moment with all the risks that are on Europe security after the crisis and so on so I'm having big hope I'm not sure really of what is going to happen because I think the parliament will in majority be in favour of going further but what can we wait of the council I'm not sure I know there are very big issue at the time we are talking about the question of finance of rule of law of course so I'm not sure of what is going to happen but we have made a big progress with this process of the conference because now we need to to deliver for citizens and what they will say we have to hear it and to I think we can stop in May we can stop in May we have to do it again and to have this conservation in the future sorry for my poor English but I hope it's understandable for you so I think we haven't won yet sure it's difficult I think there are the discussions are very interesting because when we see elections after election in all the countries we see the right of the populist but when you hear from the citizens it's really different they want more Europe they want us to be more harmonized so it's you know it shows that we have to reflect together and to have more intelligence maybe in the democracy so that's my point of view I think as I said it's a progress it's a big hope and then we'll see thank you thank you everyone's we shall certainly see Josiane for sure I do look forward to the recommendations which will ensue from the citizens' panels as to the way forward we still have to wait a bit but yes there's the question of the treaty change and we do have specific rules when it comes to treaty change and the and the treaties however there could be other initiatives as my colleagues here have stipulated that we could state there could be funding programs which will come in line also with the citizens' priorities there could also be legislative change through the ordinary legislative procedure for example but beyond that is this exercise an important one is it a valid one? let me start by stating that I really wish that it could be given more media attention because I really feel that there's not enough media attention to this secondly for me it would really be effective if we really managed to reach more of our citizens and when I speak of reaching the citizens it's not only those who are online but also those who do not have the skills or who do not have the digital equipment to connect it is reaching those who are your skeptics and not only those who are in favor of the EU because in reality we need to listen to everyone and we need to engage with everyone and this is a really important point for me and in my also discussions I have with my citizens I try to discuss a bit this process that we are undergoing together I really also believe that we should take lessons from this process for future consultations that we embark upon as a European Union and here I wanted to share one example I am the Socialist and Democrats at a conference in Malta some months ago and within this conference we also discussed certain important issues and certain important suggestions inviting various youth coming from different backgrounds and I mentioned here a proposal from a citizen his name is Jean Jean is wheelchair bound but is very active youth and he mentioned the fact for example that the website of the conference and the online platform should be more interactive even for example when it comes to speech to text mechanisms and applications and other important aspects so I really believe that through this process if we've come across even certain feedback which may not necessarily have been implemented in this process we should implement it in future consultations to come because at the end of the day that's the effectiveness of it the proposals received the feedback received when it comes even to how the process worked shouldn't stop with the end of this process but should continue also beyond with regards to other consultations who will make as a European Union in the future thank you thank you very much we have about seven or eight minutes before we have to conclude the discussion so if it's acceptable I might just throw a question at each one of you and see how we go with that perhaps if I could start with you Laurence given the role that the French president has played in promoting this kind of approach to engagement and dialogue with citizens in France very prominently in recent times and given the fact that you are facing into presidential elections in France can I ask is there much interest being played in the conference of the future of Europe and particularly these citizens panels in the French debate are there lessons being learned for how this could be further implemented in your country you know unfortunately when you have a domestic discussion and policy it's bigger than all so what I have to underline and to mention is that of course the French government has had a lot of initiatives about the conference so we had just before the process big regional consultations in all our region in France so that we were able to listen to all the citizens of all the region with all the differences and it has been treated in a report so as a French MEP from the majority we had them and it's you know the conclusion were really interesting but I shared the point of Josiane that we not need more media it's the same thing in France French people hear a lot of the French presidency and unfortunately because we had the issue with Ukraine and the price that is ongoing but we are very much hearing about that maybe you know the speech in the plenary of President Macron was very hard in France the first time that we see the European Parliament at French TV maybe I don't know but it's bigger than the conference we really have an issue with it at the European level of course I absolutely share this point because because it's new maybe only and we have to install this form of direct participation direct democratic participation but I think when I have organized in my small city I've organized the panel and I had a lot of people coming to and they had a lot of idea about things we never speak about when you have a public debate because when as my colleague Com mentioned when you talk about climate change when you talk about security when you talk about agriculture of course it interests everybody and or digital issue so my answer is no but we see that when you create space of the debate it works thank you thank you very much it's for somebody who's a big promoter of deliberative approaches involving citizens it's wonderful to hear what is going on in your country and particularly to hear your local initiative in your city of pow we have had some questions and so what I was going to do perhaps if this is all right is direct a question at the remaining panelists because I think this will bring us to the end of the time so Josiane I was going to ask you one of the questions from Daryl Lawler who is an economics researcher from the IIEA you may have seen the question yourself do you believe the conference should consider the possibility of treaty changes oh thank you pardon sorry it's the wrong one it's the other one because you've already asked that one do you think the parliament should have a larger role in the formation of policy in the EU given that you come from the European Parliament it would be interesting to hear your perspective on that and so how should that be addressed by the conference so when it comes to a stronger role of the European Parliament and several of the resolutions being put forward by the European Parliament and therefore by the MEPs voting up on it there are always these clauses asking for a stronger role of the European Parliament the European Parliament is directly elected institutions but by the citizen and therefore has an important weight in this regard having said that we know that treaty change requires also unanimity and there are certain competencies which also belong to the member states but having said this it's also a true fact that the European Parliament can put pressure and influence even when there are exclusive competencies falling under the member states which regards to whether this should be linked to the in relation to the conference of the future of Europe for sure there are discussions being held and there are also proposals being put forward the thing is that what I can state is that when it comes to certain competencies whether we should go towards a more federal Europe or not there are divergent views being put forward so some would call for a more federalist Europe some would not some would require more competencies to be given and for the member state power to be lessened others not but to preserve the member states competence so we really have to see how to put also these ideas together and these different conflicting ideas at times together to ensure that we move forward but the great thing about this exercise is that everyone can participate and we can really listen to the different views Thank you Colin there's a very particular question that you may have seen in the chat so you've had a time to think about it from Deerwood McCree relating to the present energy crisis and should Ireland now build a bat nuclear reactor for electricity generation can you perhaps give some response to that certainly it's a very specific question all right I think in the in the Irish context I would say no in that if the Irish ambition or the recognition that we've enormous capacity in offshore wind I think it's anything from 50 gigawatts up on floating offshore on the west coast that's really where our ambition should lie now alongside that there's talk of an interconnector to France and given that 80% of French energy is produced by nuclear I don't think we could present ourselves as not using nuclear power I think we have to be realistic that that probably will be part of our future but I think as a transition fuel it has a place both from Ireland's perspective there's not much point in investing in a transition to nuclear when we could invest in an ambition to towards offshore wind or similar and I think that's that's where our ambition should lie as opposed to going for a nuclear reactor and I think certainly the combination of offshore renewable energies and also connecting ourselves to the grid more effectively at European level I think is is not and that's not I wouldn't be opposed to nuclear in the overall picture I think we would be hypocritical if we are going to connect to France but I think in an Irish context we have other potential and we need to try and harness that potential thank you now we have two minutes because then I have to run to give a lecture in another part of this building so forgive me for being rushed but I do want to ask this last question of each of you and if possible if you could give a brief response but on the whole do you think the experiment of these citizens panels in the countries of Europe has been a success and do you think it should become institutionalized it should become a regular feature and perhaps I'll start with you Josiane thank you very much it's important that we had the citizens the citizens panels I believe but let us remember that throughout our consultations it's even more important to continue reaching out to citizens not only those who are on the panels but even beyond and this was my message to someone who in one of the cleaners is a citizen representative and the panels who also has a question about how we can make this engagement even stronger and I ask this citizen representative to help us to reach these citizens whether it's effective or not we stand to be judged I think in a few months and even in some years but let's keep the discussion going with our citizens and yes let's explore mechanisms and new mechanisms possibly of how to continue effectively consulting our citizens thank you Colin I'll ask the same question of you as I said at the start I think the initiative has had limited success I think I probably didn't reference the whole Covid scenario which hasn't helped that situation or should we continue it I think absolutely we should continue it I think it's I would feel the nature of Europe and like if you look in many ways we look to devolve power to local government as much as possible and like this whole idea of a federal Europe and that in many ways is centralizing power so I think definitely power that can bring when you can bring communication back to people it's very important I think an initiative like this it'll be over before people will have bought into it so I think that the idea of having it on a continuous basis the idea doing it digitally at one level is very important but the point was already made that I think we need to make sure that everybody's included so I would be for this sometimes when something like this is over people will think I should have got involved and I think it comes again and there's another opportunity the more we do it the more people will engage with it and I think that's the idea here that we this is only a first attempt at it it's been in a Covid pandemic we absolutely need to continue to do this because of the nature of Europe and because of the nature of of discourse at this stage having become somewhat disconnected or certainly people's opinions aren't challenged enough maybe in this format we can challenge opinions more thank you and I get the last word to Laurence thank you I think we'll see in a few weeks if it's a success or not but now a day we can say that it's a success in terms of events and of participation because it's an innovative exercise so it's very interesting because we have this online platform we have a lot of participation even though we need more women for example because we have a very low rate of women participating but it's a beginning we have as well this new format of discussion with citizens but as well with the string institution with the members of the national parliament and with the Committee of Regions Committee of Regions it's new to have this an exchange at this level and exchanges and talking here with the regional elected people it's really interesting for Europe so it's new and I think it has to go further so I answer to your second part the second part of the question is it to be repeated and institutionalized I think so of course because we need to to give this discussion a follow-up we can stop now there are too many things that are changing in many ways so we'll see which what will be the results in a few weeks and then I think we have to go further of course thank you thank you and I just want to on behalf of everyone who is in this webinar thank our three excellent panelists fascinating presentations and discussion and Colin Markey, Laurence Foreng and Josiane Cutajar thank you for your time thank you everyone for your questions and let's hope that this panel this weekend proves to be the success we all want it to be thank you


It's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports cards ripping one box of 22 tops chrome update series baseball for Brian F. So good luck Brian. Let's see it purple Nelson Cruz Purple Ethan Roberts Later Paul. I know I'm pretty pumped for hockey tomorrow. They're all J rod Hunter green got a while before you Kyle you've got Five before you I want to say right now where they're all like a lot of them are pretty base heavy products Wonder Franco Devers purple Corey Kluber And then I don't think I'm gonna get to your other one tonight. I might I would be surprised though Nicoledola Like your second one We'll get to your first your first order tonight for sure Nick Allen Jake Walsh. I know a manga or black fine. It would be so nasty Hey, Sue Sanchez You should be For this little Rippy heat for sure George Kirby That's true Sean will be here Sean can pick the box your X-Fractor Austin Meadows to 99 for the Tigers Anderson Severino, I definitely don't want her tomorrow. Haha got him got him Shots fired body bag right there Jeremy Pena Sniper Lucius Fox right great This is over here my mom Oh my car tainted Sharon Durand Get in loopy here. Yeah I know Donny really set the tone tonight CJ Abrams. Yes George Kirby. Yeah, purple's not numbered. There's like one a box one a pack They're just like the the update exclusive J. Rod Rookie JP Sears Trevor story Kevin Smith base maggot Christian Peche did not have a hat on and that he does not Brandon Marsh Jeremy Pena Oh, yeah, yeah That's cool Yeah, it is unfortunately Greg we're not even get to everybody who's in queue right now anything ordered most likely you'll go tomorrow That'll do for your break there Brian. Thanks as always get that right out to your buddy


Narcissists don't change. Narcissists can make you believe as though they are not interested in you. They do not care about what you are doing. They do not want you to be around them. They will make you believe as though something is wrong with you, or you are not right. You are not good enough for them, or you are different in a negative way. Naturally, you would assume that because of this, they wouldn't be interested in you. They wouldn't care about what you are doing, and they wouldn't want you to be around them. They will give you put downs and back-end compliments.  Naturally, you are going to believe that this person doesn't want you around, and this is exactly what the Narcissist wants you to think. They are trying to target your self-worth and self-esteem. They want you to believe that something is wrong with you, or you are not good enough for them. The reason for this is because how you feel about yourself reflects on how they feel about themselves. So if you are feeling good about yourself, they will not be feeling good. If you are feeling bad about yourself, they will be feeling good. They also have a sadistic nature, which means that they feed off your pain and suffering. Narcissists have really low self-worth and self-esteem. They have to put you beneath them so that they can feel better about themselves. They observe their own experience and emotions in comparison to yours.  Most Narcissists do not even possess the capabilities or potential to create a happy and fulfilling life. But they know that you do. This is why they will give up on their own lives and focus on targeting you and trying to tear you down. Because they know that you have the capabilities and potential to move on and create a happy and fulfilling life all on your own, without them. This may be difficult to grasp mentally from an outsider's point of view. You may wonder, why do Narcissists have this mentality? Don't they realise how easy and effortless it is to just give in to peace and love and allow things to come together? Don't they realise that through peace and acceptance, they can then generate everything they need to create their happy and fulfilling life? A difficult concept to grasp from an outsider's point of view. To fully understand this idea, we would have to dive right into the Narcissist's mind and analyse their thought process to understand how they got to this point. And that's exactly what we are going to do right now. On the surface, overt Narcissists may act grandiose and as though everything is going right for them. Everything is great, but deep down they feel the same way as the COVID Narcissists who have a victim mentality. The main difference is that grandiose overt Narcissists may present a more grandiose or extroverted image. But deep down they feel exactly the same. They both have low self-worth and low self-esteem. They just present two different images on the outside. Narcissists know that they are doomed, predestined to be miserable and dissatisfied with their lives. So the way that they think is, what incentive do they have to act right for? If they start treating you the way that they know you are worthy and deserving of. If they started to treat you with love and respect, what would they get out of it? In their minds, if they did that, they would be placing you on a pedestal. Equality does not exist in the Narcissist world. If you and them are winning, they are losing. That's how they see it. The only way that they can win is if you are losing. If you are both winning, they are losing. So if they treat you with love and respect, they are then placing you on a pedestal and they will then feel inferior. Narcissists also expect instant gratification, instant reward for anything that they do. They have this sense of arrogance and entitlement. So much that they expect a reward to motivate or encourage them, before they even put any work in. This is where they may start requesting or demanding something from you. Your attention, validation, approval and admiration, money, material items or sex.  You will never see them put the work in first without any incentive to change. Unless they are in some form of crisis. Even if you do give them the incentive to change, it will not change anything. They are only requesting or demanding this from you because they are seeking external validation or Narcissist supply. They need something to regulate their emotions, low self-worth and low self-esteem, their sense of inferiority. Once you have refilled their cup, they are not going to have any desire to change. They got what they wanted from you, whether it was your attention, validation, approval and admiration, your money, material items or sex. What incentive do they have to act right for now, when you have already given them what they wanted? They are self-absorbed and lack empathy. They only care about fulfilling their own needs. Even when you think they are doing something for you, it is validating them or providing them with Narcissist supply in some way. Though they may be doing something that benefits you, it's still about them and their own need to feel as though they are worth something or they have something to give. They are valuable or desired. So they will take whatever you have to offer and give you nothing in return. Because once they have got what they wanted, there is no need for them to change. This also trains them to repeat the same behavior again and again. They know that they don't have to give you anything in return. They can just use you for whatever it is you have to offer and treat you any way that they like without any consequences. It's getting them what they want from you. So why would they have any desire to change? They also do not want to give you anything. They do not want to give you any acknowledgement or validation or anything else that might fulfill you because then you would become a threat to them. Anything that might boost your self-worth and self-esteem or make you feel good or look good will have a direct effect on them. It will trigger them to reflect on their own insecurities, vulnerabilities or weaknesses. Remember, there is no such thing as equality in the narcissist world. If you are both winning, they are losing. You have to lose for them to win. So they are not going to give you anything that might help you win. They also realize that if they gave you anything or did something for you, you would then realize that they're not that great anyway. They portray themselves as being the superior beings who are too good for you. When in reality they could never live up to those expectations. Their image revolves around creating an illusion. It's designed to make you believe that they are something great. It doesn't mean that they are. So if they actually did give in and decided to work with you or assist you in some way, you would then realize that this person isn't who they said they are. They are not even remotely close to what they said they were. They do not possess any of the talents, qualities or traits which they claim to have. So you would then begin to identify all of their faults, mistakes, flaws and weaknesses. And they don't want you to see that. They don't want you to see that side of them. This is why they cannot be emotionally vulnerable with you. This is why they fear intimacy. Because any form of vulnerability or intimacy would reveal that they are not even remotely close to what they said they were. What they display themselves to be. An impossible expectation which they created yet cannot even live up to. And they know this. Which is why they will hide their true selves. They cover it with a mask. They don't want you to see what's really going on with them. Because they know if you saw that, you wouldn't want anything to do with them. So they will always distance themselves from you. They will avoid any vulnerability or intimacy. Because that could reveal the very person that they are trying to hide. A person who they believe is not right or not good enough for you. And the sad truth is, they are not good enough for you. Even if you ignore the larger than life standard that they try to portray to you. They are not even close to the standard that you would naturally expect from a person. The reason for this is because they haven't even begun to work at themselves. They lack any mental or emotional capabilities. They cannot emotionally connect to you or hold a deep conversation. They avoid truth and cannot reflect on anything with any real meaning. They have poor conflict resolution skills. They do not possess any love or passion. They have no real thoughts or beliefs that are unique to them. They just go along with whatever they think people want to see. Whatever you think looks good. And everything about them is superficial. They never took the time to work on their true selves. And develop these qualities which are so essential to real life and relationships. They were more focused on their image. Looking good. Being what you want to see. Telling you what you want to hear. That's all good for attracting a person. But what happens when you've got them? Then what? How can you possibly sustain any form of relationship when you haven't even begun to develop these qualities which are so essential to life and sustain in a relationship? This is where the problem comes in. One failed relationship after another and it's always the same thing. Where it's something that they didn't attend to because they were too busy attending to their false selves and the illusion.  Recognize where I went wrong. So that they could learn from their faults and mistakes and then grow. Their false self doesn't want to deal with that. So they will drop you and move on to the next person. And even then, in many cases, they will continue to stalk you. They will create smear campaigns and enforce fly monkeys. They can't just let you move on and create a happy fulfilling life without them. How you feel about yourself reflects on how they feel about themselves. So you have to be feeling miserable and dissatisfied for them to be feeling any good. This is why they will continue checking in on you. Watching what you are doing. They will hoover you to see if you are still emotionally attached to them. It's all narcissistic supply and used to regulate their self-worth and self-esteem. But it does not mean that they are going to change. They are self-absorbed and lack empathy. They don't want to give anything to you. It's all about getting their own needs met. And if you let them back in, the abuse will only get worse. Then they are trying to finish the job. They are trying to get revenge after you have caused a narcissistic injury by rejecting them. So there will be no change for the narcissist.  They actually like obsessively chasing around the pointless, meaningless things. They should desperately crave and desire. They are not interested in anything with meaning. It's all about instant gratification. That's why everything is so superficial with them. There's nothing of any real depth when everything that they have is on the surface. What could they possibly have to give to you? Everything you see with them isn't real or really them anyway. It's just bits and pieces they have picked up from other people. They have observed what other people do or what other people like to see. And this is why they will avoid any vulnerability or intimacy. Because then you would see that's not really them. They're not about any of that. But they know that you are. So they're just reflecting back what you're about. What you want to see. It does not mean that they are going to change or that they are even thinking about change. Narcissism depends on injustice or on fairness. If they even thought about changing that will be seen as a loss for them. Because narcissism cannot exist in an environment where there is equality. And at the same time equality cannot exist in the narcissist world. Thank you for watching. I hope this video resonated with you. Please like, comment, share and subscribe. Talk to you soon.


Statistics and Excel, Exponential Distribution in Seconds, Roller Coaster Line Example. Get ready, taking a deep breath, holding it in for 10 seconds, looking forward to a smooth, soothing Excel. First, a word from our sponsor. Yeah, actually, we're sponsoring ourselves on this one because apparently the merchandisers, they don't want to be seen with us.  Like our Accounting Rocks product line, if you're not crunching cords using Excel, you're doing it wrong. A must-have product, because the fact as everyone knows of accounting being one of the highest forms of artistic expression means accountants have a requirement, the obligation, a duty to share the tools necessary to properly channel the creative muse. And the muse, she rarely speaks more clearly than through the beautiful symmetry of spreadsheets. So get the shirt, because the creative muse, she could use a new pair of shoes. If you would like a commercial-free experience, consider subscribing to our website at accountinginstruction.com or accountinginstruction.thinkific.com. Here we are in Excel. If you don't have access to this workbook, that's okay, because we'll basically build this from a blank worksheet. But if you do have access, three tabs down below. Example, practice, blank. Example, in essence, answer key, practice tab, having pre-formatted cells so you can get down to the heart of the practice problem. Blank tab, blank worksheet, except for the image here, but you don't really need that, so that we can practice formatting the cells within Excel as we work through the practice problem. Let's go to the example tab to get an idea of what we will be doing. We're looking at an exponential distribution this time, often it being related to a Poisson distribution. In prior presentations, both often having to do with real-life practical examples in line-waiting situations or sometimes over some space such as the example we had with the Poisson distribution was how many potholes in a 100-mile space of road, for example. We're going to start here with the line-waiting situation. Our example was with a roller coaster ride, so we will be sticking with that. We're going to be calculating the Poisson distribution again so we get an idea of the question being asked with a Poisson distribution so we can then compare it to the questions being asked with an exponential distribution. The Poisson distribution asking questions such as what's the likelihood of three people arriving within some time span, and that's going to give us the percent likelihood that those arrivals will happen. So we're looking at the numbers of arrivals. Whereas when we're looking at an exponential situation, we're asking questions such as what's the likelihood of so much time passing, three, for example, seconds, or if we were talking in minutes, what's the likelihood that so much time passes between arrivals? So you can see kind of the relationship between these two things and two different questions. We're kind of flipping around the question from the Poisson to the exponential, oftentimes, in these line-waiting type examples. Let's go to the blank tab and start building this out. I'm going to move my roller coaster down. I'm going to format the entire sheet as we always do generally unless I forget, which sometimes happens. Let's hit the triangle right-click. We're going to format this thing. We're going to make it currency, negative numbers bracketed and red, no dollar sign, no decimal. I'm going to say OK, and then I'm going to embold the entire thing, home tab, font group, and have it emboldened. You might not need to do that. You don't need to if you don't like to be too bold. But when we're recording like we're on camera, you've got to be bold when we're doing the filming here. In this case, we'll start off, we're going to say X is going to be equal to the arrivals during one minute. And then we're going to say that the mean is going to be equal to the average 3.25. I'm going to format that, home tab, numbers, and add some decimals. So we're going to say within one minute time span in our line here, we got 3.25 people arriving on average in a one minute time span. So now let's then say OK, well then what's going to be the mean minutes between arrivals? I'm going to make column A a little bit larger by double clicking between A and B. So we're going to say, all right, now I'm looking for the, what's the time between arrivals then? Well, if 3.25 people on average are arriving within the span of one minute, I could say then this is going to be equal to 1 divided by the 3.25. We're going to have to add some decimals there, home tab, number group, adding some decimals. So we've got the average, in essence, mean minutes between arrivals are 0.30769. So about, you know, 0.3 minutes between arrivals on average, right? Because now we're looking at the intervals between. So then you have the question on the, in this particular case, now the question is, well, should I be doing this calculation in minutes? Or would it be make more sense to then drop down to seconds? So we have this measuring tool kind of question, what do we want to be measuring this in? In this case, it looks like seconds might be the better way to go. So if I needed to convert this to seconds and do my calculations in seconds, I would have to say, okay, the mean seconds, I hit caps lock somewhere and seconds between arrivals is going to be equal to the minutes times 60, because 60 seconds in a minute. Let's add some decimals. I'm going to decimalize it. And so notice that's not a perfectly rounded number. But if we use that number in Excel, then I can use that cell and it will use the actual number that has been calculated here. So we'll keep that and then I can say, okay, X now X is going to be equal to now the seconds between arrivals. So if X is equal now to the seconds between arrivals, we're going to say P, for example, of X is we can ask questions like this X is less than 60. So 60 seconds, one minute, we're less than a minute. These are the kind of questions that we might ask. And we can use our trusty formula now, which is expo.dist. So let's put that in here, we're going to say this is going to be equal to expo.dist. And I'm going to say that X is now going to be 60. I'm just going to hard code that and we're going to say comma. Now lambda, lambda is going to be one over the mean seconds between arrivals, which we calculated here at the 18.46. So that's going to be lambda. And then we have this similar question of is this going to be cumulative? Or is this going to be as of one point? So we're not just looking at 60. We're saying it's going to be less than 60. So I'm going to say cumulative and I'm going to pretend that was less than or equal to. I should have an equal there so that we include the 60. So it's less than 60 or equal to 60 or so like less than a minute. So we have true is the cumulative, false would be the non cumulative. So I can type in true because we want the cumulative or a one and then close it up and enter. And then let's go with the percent to find it. And so an add a couple of decimals. I'm going to double click in here and say less than or equal to 60. So in this case, high probability because and that's why we put this particular problem in seconds. Because, you know, there's a high probability that that 96.12% probability within the one minute time frame. So let's go ahead and graph this out now or make our table of it. I'm going to make C smaller. I'm going to say first let's think about our Poisson distribution and then we will do the exponential. So I'm going to first think of Poisson where I say X is going to be equal to I'll say the arrivals during one minute. And I'm going to wrap the text on that home tab alignment wrap the text. Let's center it and put an E on minute. And then we're going to say P of X is going to for the Poisson function. And I'll say this is going to be home tab alignment wrap the text and center it again. Let's make these black and white home tab font group black and white. So there we have it. And then I can say the number of rows. And again, I could do this thing with the rows and say the number of rows for Poisson. I'm going to draw from this cell so I can use a function to do it. And I'm going to say what did I have in my example to let's say 29 rows. And so I'm going to then instead of doing one or starting at 012 and copying it down to 29 like that, I'm going to use our sequence so we can practice using the sequence spill function. So there it is. Then the number of rows that we want is going to be this 29 plus one because I want to have a zero in it as well, comma. I don't want any columns. So I'm going to two commas to get to the next argument started at zero close it up and enter and it spills out 29 which I can now adjust by simply adjusting this number to like four goes up to four to 29. So that's pretty neat. And then I can do the Poisson distribution. So now I'm going to say the Poisson distribution equals Poisson dot dist tab. And we're going to say that X is going to be equal. Now this time I'm going to try to have the Poisson distribution spill as well. So I'm going to select zero hold down control shift down. So I select the whole thing control backspace to get back up to the top comma the mean we're talking about this mean now the 3.25. I'm going to select F4 and the keyboard so that's absolute dollar sign before the B and the two comma. We don't want it to be cumulative because I'm looking at the result for each number for each X on the left. So I want to type in false or I can put a zero in. I'll put a zero in and then boom and it spills it down. I'll select the whole column here and percentify it. Home tab number group percentify so we could recognize and then add some decimals. And so there we have our Poisson distribution. So we're basically saying what's the likelihood that zero people show up within the one minute time frame. 3.88 what's the likelihood that one person shows up within the within the one minute time frame 12.60. What's the likelihood that two people show up 12.48 within the one minute time frame. What's the likelihood that either zero to three up to two people and including two people show up. Well here I can actually sum these up and get get the general response. So I can say this is like equal to the sum of here. Now we might not be able to do that with with the exponential distribution. You got to kind of be careful there. But that's the general that's the general questions that we can ask with it. Now let's do a similar thing with the exponential. So I'm going to make column F smaller and this one is going to be equal. This time I'm going to do it this way equals the X is the seconds between arrivals. And then this is going to be P of X for the X-Pone. I'll call it. And let's make this one home tab font group black white wrapping the text and centering it. And then I'm going to bring this one down to like I don't know 120. Let's say seconds because we're talking seconds. So let's say this is rows for exponential distribution 120. So we'll do our same kind of thing with a sequence equals sequence. Boom. And then the rows that I want. I'm going to say our 120 from that cell plus one so I can put a zero on top comma. And then we want to have two commas because I don't need columns. And then I'm going to start at zero close it up spills it down. And this one doesn't shouldn't be a percent. This should just be normal. Let's see if I can just format paint this one up top. I don't know what percentified that one. But there we have it. Now we can do our X-Pone for each of these. So I'm going to say OK this is going to be the X-Pone dot dist. And then X I'm going to try to do to spill this out again. So I'm going to select this cell and then a hold down control shift down arrow. Oh K-Paw so I went to the right arrow. Let me do that again. Let's go here control shift down arrow and then control backspace and then comma and then lambda. We had over here we calculated lambda to be I'm sorry it's one over this number that we calculated on the right. I'm going to say F4 on the keyboard to make sure that that doesn't move down when I copy it down. So dollar sign before the B and the five and then comma. Then we want the this time not to be cumulative. So I type in false or I can put a zero and spills it down. Let's add some decimals or make it a percent possibly home tab number group percentified adding decimals. So there we have it. So now this is asking the question of what's the likelihood that like one second passes between or zero seconds or one second passes between between arrivals. Right. So now we're trying to think about how long is it going to take between arrivals. What's the likelihood of two seconds happening between arrivals. Now note the question we had down here P of X is less than or equal to 60. So you would think that I can add this whole thing up like this equals the sum of this down to 60. But if I decimalize that we don't get exactly the same thing possibly due to the curvature of of the graph here. So you got to be a little bit careful with the exponential in that case. So you want to so if I wanted to do that I could I could get the exact area under the curve by doing my cumulative type of calculation. Let's add our two graphs with this. I'm going to select let's select this one and make the poisson chart so we can see what it looks like that we've seen in the past. We're going to go into the insert. We're going to go into the charts and hit the chart dropdown. Let's just make the good old bar chart. And we're going to say there it is. I'm going to select the data like we typically do. And then I'm going to say let's pick up our X numbers and there we have it. So there we have it. So so you recall the general character of the poisson. Now let's do the exponential. So we could do the exponential with a with a similar graph if we wanted to. I can go all the way down here and say let's do the same graph. We'll say insert charts graph and we get something like this. And let's change our X again and say I want to change this and make sure we pick up the zero. Yo pick up the zero yo and then we're going to say there it is. You might also use something like this just to fancy up the graph. You can say let's go to the insert line graph and let's pick one like like this one. So it fills in like so because that's fancy. So we could do something like that if we if we want to. Why not man no one's stopping you if you want to get fancy. So then we're going to say I'll get fancy if I want to get fancy. So I'm talking about so then there we have it. So we have we have something like that so that's the typical that's you know the look of the curve that you would generally imagine when you're thinking of an exponential type of situation. So in this case what's the likelihood that that someone arrives within within. What's the likelihood that two second that one second passes between arrivals five point one three two seconds past four point eight six and you could see the drop happening quite sharply here as is being represented by the graph. That's what you would basically expect to see on the graph. Now we'll do a similar calculation next time but we'll try to think about it in terms of wait times for example in minutes rather than a situation in seconds but you got to be careful about you know obviously the conversions between minutes and seconds. So let's make this blue and bold home tab font group let's make it blue here and let's border it just to make it a little bit more as our typical formatting home tab font group border blue here. Let's make this one border blue to border blue and then let's check the spelling if we could expo that's that's cool I don't care about that ignore that one during during you would think that's dist whatever ignore that. Okay that's pretty good on the spelling I feel like.


agreed. Our fourth item on the agenda today is consideration of petition PE 1492 by Alan Kennedy, co-location, GP practices and communities, pharmacists, which you will see from your papers. I note that the committee member has agreed and communicated with and the petition has advised that he is happy for this petition to close at this point. Of course, it would remain open to the petitioner to bring forward any other petitions around this matter if, in the fullness of a time, it transpires at the work currently under way to address the issues from the petition and do not improve services. Are there any views from the members? Can the committee agree that we close the petition? Thank you very much. As we previously agreed, we now go into private session.