Hi, my name is Paweł Wieczorek, I work at Samsung Currenty Institute Poland and I am currently involved in Tizen Release Engineering Team. This, as you might imagine, requires a lot of verification, validation and in order to stay efficient with our daily tasks, we try to automate as much as possible from what we do daily. Dzisiaj, chciałbym share with you our most recent design for testing automation on the embedded devices, which is Max Byboard and Accompanying software. Let me start with a short introduction to what I will be talking today. Summarize real quick previous efforts in this matter, then I would like to describe our concept and show you the solution. I will move on to the accompanying software and present to you our plans for the future. Then I will sum it all up and we should still have some time for Q&A session. So to begin with, what Tizen actually is. It's GNU Linux distribution aimed at embedded devices, which uses standard components such as a collection of GNU tools, Linux kernel, obviously, Wayland server, display server, and Enlightment Foundation libraries, or EFL for short, as main graphics library. It runs on various embedded devices such as mobile phones, wearables, TVs, or even fridges known as family hubs. And since May 2017 also IoT devices, since the Tizen 4.0 milestone one release. But before Tizen goes to product, a platform has to be developed and it involves engineers from all over the world, from R&D centers in USA, South Korea, India, and Poland as well. And that's why we need to release often to fail early and to detect any defects that might come with the most recent patches. That's why we publish snapshots daily, but by no means it should affect quality of the software that is being published. So release engineers act upon it and there is a QA step prior publishing each snapshot. Although internal package tests are really helpful, it's not enough for us. And since we have to take care of devices that are being used by various developers, we tend to check all the snapshots before publishing them on actual hardware, so that we know that there will be no unexpected behavior or any damages made to those devices. As you might imagine, this requires a lot of devices and not all of them can be easily obtained, such as hardware that is not yet publicly available or freezes, I mentioned earlier. That's why we wanted to be able to access them remotely. This way there is no possibility of some security leaks. Developers can focus on software development and not on board maintenance, and boards are not stored aimlessly in lockers once developers leave office. But they can be better utilized by other developers from different R&D institutes. That's why we came up with the MaxPy board. And once it is connected to the device under test or that, we call it Dryad. And as you can see, Dryad requires only two connections to be able to be accessed from the outside world, which is power supply, of course, and network connection for communication. This Dryad is connected to the Raspberry Pi 3 board, and all other connectors are only between the MaxPy and Raspberry Pi that consists of this Dryad. Since Dryads require only two connections, it is pretty easy to scale it up, and it is as easy as connecting multiple Dryads to the network switch and providing a power supply for them. It also unifies the access to all of these devices. It does not matter if it is Raspberry Pi, Exynos-based Odroid, or a mobile phone such as this Note 4, I believe. And we will get back to the MaxPy board in a second. But first, let me tell you which other efforts in this matter have been made so far. I'm starting with software approach. Most notable software is, I believe, Lava, which stands for Linear Automated Validation Architecture, and it is a deployment system for embedded. It supports both virtual and physical devices and allows running wide range of tests from boot and boot loader to system level, although some additional hardware might be required for that. It is used by various distributions like Automative Grade Linux, but I believe even more popular user of Lava is KernelCI with three and a half million successful boots and counting. For us, however, Lava was not a sufficient solution. We required remote access, I mentioned earlier, and remote access on a level that it acts as if the board was already on release engineer's desks, not the one that Lava supports via hacking session, which opens the tunnel to already booted up device under test, and then gives the access. As for the hardware approaches, Linaro also came up with LMPs around 2013. LMPs were boards that helped with checking hotplugging of various devices, such as SATA, USB, HDMI, and also they gave better control over adults. However, where their development was put on hold and lessons learned from development of LMPs is linked down below. Slides are already online. We also gave a try at hardware attempt at solving this problem and then came up with our SD Max board. This SD Max board requires connection to the test server. It is not an independent board and allows doing three things with device under test. It cuts power supply so that the dot can be brought into known state.  It gives pass through to the USB on the dot and of course it shares connection to the microSD card between the test server and device under test. Since it worked pretty well for us in 2016, we decided to make it open hardware and all of the schematics are available at Git repository and it has already been reused by Qt company, by Ableton as well and also forked by Resinio, who came up with the AutoHot board, which is SD Max with a few indicators, such as microSD card activity or power supply activity. But the SD Max boards also gave us a lot of headache. For example, the USB connection between the test server and SD Max board was not reliable one and every three to six months we got these protocol errors you see here and so far we did not detect the root of the problem. So we decided to take a step back, get back to the drawing board and came up with a new idea. With the experience from SD Max boards we already knew what was working well, what was not and decided to focus on replaceable media only, since they are the components that were off most quickly. And still you might want to have the actual media that you will run the software on and not just a network boot or similar. For example, for storage benchmarking or so. We also decided that there should be no single point of failure and what I mean by that is that a failure of a single subsystem, such as USB on test host, should not cause failure on more than one device. And also we decided that there should be no USB involvement from the test server with the problems of the SD Max. We also wanted to have absolutely minimum of external connections and decided to give two of them. We wanted also unified access, no matter what device under test is actually connected and with the feedback from ResinIO decided that the setup and maintenance of all the boards should be as easy as possible. So we thought that user interface might also be beneficial in such board with interest in power consumption measurements and initiatives such as PowerCI. We decided that power consumption measurement hardware could also be beneficial on board and also we wanted to be able to write some additional information to the device under test such as EDID via HDMI connection for supplying information on what hardware can be connected to the device under test. With all that in mind, we came up with the Max by board I mentioned earlier, but I believe it would be much easier to describe it on these blocks. So as I mentioned, only two connections to the outside world and we began with the good old SD Max. So the capability of the multiplexing access to the micro SD card between test server which in our case is this nano by board and ability to switch off the power to the device under test. Next, the UI often requested and often came up with in the feedback we got from the SD Max development. Also power control and power consumption measurement hardware is already on the Max by board and to control everything we've got the nano by Neo which is pretty small Arm V7 single board computer and micro controller on the board itself for low level functions. As for the connections to the device under test we've got Ethernet, various USBs including 5 pin USB with the ID pin and USB OTG if there is a need to have control over the UART that's also available for diapers which stands for dynamic jumper to be able to simulate pushing buttons or switching on off various jumpers. Some of the boards we test on require such actions in order to be put into the flashing mode or to be booted up such as minoboard it requires pushing the power button. We also have got the HDMI but as I mentioned earlier only PCC line is connected for writing the IDID information and we also knew that not everything can be predicted a priori so there is also connection for the add-on boards with that we've got the ability of switching micro SD cards between device under test and test server which in our case is this nano by board we are able to put the device under test into known state we can press buttons on it we are able to measure power consumption write the ID information and also provide various connections to the device under test over the Ethernet that is connected to the Max by board and we also are able to interact with farm maintainers able to interact with those devices and since we are at interaction Max by boards are equipped not only with those LED's Activity LED's I mentioned from the feedback from resin.io but also a couple of buttons for quick actions some additional LED's for indicating state of the either Max by board itself or the device under test that is connected to it and also all LED display for quick information which has been pretty useful so far as for the extensibility of the board we use prototype boards if there is a need to extend features on the Max by board even further or if there was something we did not think of while creating this board with that we've got finally a standalone device that does not need access to the test server anymore which is aware of its state and not only its state but also device under test that it controls which is pretty easy to maintain extensibility from the ground up and if you would like to build your own if it would be beneficial for you you should get equipped with Nanopineo which goes for around 10 bucks parts for the Max by board cost around 80 dollars and it was for I believe 30 units we made around December but also high soldering skills and a lot of patience still if you're interested go ahead to our git repository where you can find schematics software, schematics for the prototype boards and even more but that's not the whole solution hardware is not everything we also had to develop some software that accompanies this solution and with approaches such as lava, monolithic approaches we already knew that making changes after time can be painful so we decided to go with multi-tier architecture and focus on following the unique philosophy of doing one thing but doing hopefully well so we've got four layers in our software stack and those layers communicate with each other via restful HTTP APIs still we wanted our stack to be similar and to be able to develop each of the components by the same team so everything is written in Go language and as for the software layers there are four types of actions that have to be done as day-to-day release engineering activities and it is monitoring build system for new releases actually pre-releases since they are not publicly available yet or getting notification about them depending on what your build system supports also being able to schedule all the actions having access to the device under test and actually running those actions so the first one is being taken care of Perun Perun in Slavic legends is a demigod with biggest powers so he was chosen for the first layer as for the actions that are necessary to be taken care of it's the job for Veles in Slavic legends is god of the underworld and takes care of it as for being able to know where those actions can be done it's a job for Boruta Boruta in Slavic legends is caretaker of the forest and all living creatures and the knowledge as how to perform all those actions is a job for Dryads Dryads are the free souls of the forest and let's begin with those Maxpire based Dryads Dryads in our testing farm take care of a single device under test and are fully aware of all of capabilities that given that provides as I mentioned they require only two interfaces which are power supply and network connection and are equipped with software for flashing firmware over the air and also for cutting power connection or bringing it up again but that's just for a single device if there are multiple ones they have to be taken care of and as for the farm management system we've got Boruta Boruta schedules access requests to the devices and provides convenient access to the assigned ones so how does Dryad Lifecycle goes in Boruta first Dryad is in maintenance mode and it can be brought into idle or unallocated state by the farm maintainer if there is an access request to Dryad with capabilities which given Dryad serves and it matches then it is assigned the test environment is prepared SSH tunnel for the access to the Nanopie board is set up and then all of the actions might be performed so to sum it up it does not matter who requests the access to the Dryad if there is one that matches requirements it will be assigned to a requester and it can be either interactive session by real users or just an automated one by some automated testing framework and since we are talking about automated testing framework let's move on to VLS which is our lava inspired testing framework which translates YAML job definitions like the ones used in lava into the actions that are being executed on dots Actions can be divided into several sections such as deploy, boot, test and collect we try to maintain compatibility with the lava job definitions but there are only a subset of actions that can be run in lava laboratories it is supported in VLS so far as you might have suspected VLS main purpose was to automate the step of performing actions on the device and that's what it comes down to just parsing YAML, collecting all the necessary assets for job execution then requesting access to the device under test in Boruta and actually performing test and collecting results Multiple VLS servers can use a single Boruta server since Boruta only schedules access requests but let's focus on just a single one and no matter who submits YAML job for the test execution or whether it's user or automated system it doesn't really matter for VLS VLS takes it from there and takes care of the whole testing process Moving on to the final layer of our new testing system, Perun which is the testing system for the OS images it schedules verification per new pre-release and actually automates the quality assurance steps of release engineering duties it crawls given URLs then reports any changes it detects submits, VLS jobs collects all the artifacts after the testing jobs are completed and interprets the results so that we know whether new pre-release can be accepted or should be stopped from being published Just like with VLS there can be multiple connections from the Perun servers to VLS for example to monitor various build systems which can publish software to be tested on All those layers combined make the Slav stack which we named it and the name comes from all of those Slavic legends We wanted to keep it simple and the coupled so if you only need unified access to be able to access remotely your devices under test in a unified way go ahead, take the schematics for the Max Byboard and your all set but maybe you already have your own solution for the remote access to the dots but you still want software that manages a whole farm Replace Max By with your solution Take Buruta as long as the API's contracts are fine it should work properly Maybe you have already your own testing framework but still could use board farm management software then go ahead and take multiple parts such as Buruta and Dryads Or maybe you think that our Golang implementation requires reworking or you already have your javascript based dashboard Python testing framework and Jenkins for example for scheduling access to the boards As long as the API contracts are maintained all these layers can be easily swapped So that's what we've been working so far and as for the future plans on the hardware site we plan on having the audio input and output on being able to test audio IO and we plan to investigate the possibility of extending Max Byboards with USB Type-C since more and more targets are equipped with that connector Also we see that there is a need to be able to access serial console on the Nanopi boards and the future revisions of Max Pi will be equipped with it On the software side we will provide web interfaces for all current layers So far we only used CLI and it was enough We also intend to provide service state management for to be able to to work with failure if such occurs and provide further layers or maybe to automate release engineering duties even more Further details can be found on wiki pages either for Max Pi boards or lessons learned from our experience with SD Maxes If you would like to for us to help you with creating your own Max Pi please do not forget to visit our website www.summedle-up.com We finally got a setup which can be reused pretty quickly and is easy to maintain We finally got all the responsibilities divided so developers only on software development testers on writing tests and farm maintainers on maintaining all those devices We've got parallel execution no matter who wants to access the devices either automated testing systems or interactive sessions for real users We finally got the unified environment no matter which type of device is connected That's all I've got for you prepared today and if you have any questions I will be more than happy to answer them I will repeat those because I've got only one mic The question was about the fact that I only linked the Max Pi repository is because it's the only one that is already publicly available All other ones are still in the process of being published So Welles is halfway through Perron is still in development and Buruta should be published in a few weeks but so far there is no publicly available documentation If there are no more questions thanks for your attention and if you would like to see all of those in action I have to stand on technical showcase tomorrow evening if you'd like to see dryads or Welles, Perron only Welles and Buruta Perron not yet but it's coming and tomorrow night evening sorry, at technical showcase I will be demonstrating the software and hardware as well if you're interested For now, thanks for your attention and have a good one, thanks


Thank you, Carlos. I also joined the previous presenter to thank you, you and your organizer for this wonderful conference and for giving us the opportunity to be here today. Okay, so today I'll present the preliminary result of a joint work that I have with Dominico Moramarco from University Libre de Bruxelles. This is, again, an empirical paper trying to make light on the existence of a possible relationship between the profile of inequality and trust in public institutions by endorsing a worldwide perspective. So why did we decide to work on this subject? Well, because we were observing a common trend. First, everyone in this room knows that we have been experiencing high and increasing levels of inequality in the last few years around the world. And there is a huge amount of work done by the literature to understand the causes and consequences of high inequality. However, a lesson explored phenomena is this slowly deteriorating level of confidence toward public institutions. But this is a relevant aspect, instead, because trust toward institutions is, first of all, fundamental for the sustainability of social contracts. And in fact, as the crisis following the recent pandemic as well as the crisis following the economic recession in 2007 has taught us is that institutional trust is fundamental for the successful implementability of recovery procedure. More in general, we need institutional trust, strong institutional trust, to let government act without having to resort to coercion, for instance, and also to make people being more compliant with public rules. So once we agree that it is very much important to understand institutional trust, then we think that maybe some work can be done to identify what can be the determinants of this deteriorating path. And in particular, we think that a role can be assigned to inequality in the distribution, especially against the background of increasing populist voting. So as I told you before, this analysis about the determinants of institutional trust is a bit scarce. And mostly, the literature has already tried to understand the link between inequity and trust, but by looking just at interpersonal trust. And however, we can argue that interpersonal trust and institutional trust are different phenomena. Actually, there is one way of interpreting institutional trust that argues that institutional trust is just a positive externality of interpersonal trust, but it is not always the case because there are situations in which, instead, individuals have low trust toward the other member of the societies, and they have, instead, higher trust toward public institutions because they know that this public institution will actually represent their interests if a conflict arises between members of the society. So we also argue that institutional trust and interpersonal trust are different aspects. Their origin may be different, and therefore, we argue that it is relevant to understand if there is also a role for inequity to understand institutional trust. Furthermore, we do not only consider aggregating equality, but we consider the full profile of inequality because there is actually a relatively recent branch of the literature that shows that it is not just aggregating equality that matter to understand the socioeconomic events, but actually different inequalities may have a different impact of inequality, and this is also the argument that we make in this paper. So given this background of the literature, our aim is to assess the existence of a possible relationship between inequity and institutional trust by taking a granular perspective. What do we mean by granular perspective? We mean that we look at the full profile of inequality, that is, we have an income distribution, and then we take the aggregating equality in this income distribution, plus we compute inequality at the bottom, the middle, and the top of the distribution. So we compute within income group inequality, and we compute also between income group inequality, and we try to check whether each of these components has a different impact on institutional trust. So basically, we test two main hypotheses. The first is if there is an association between institutional trust and aggregating equality, but we remain agnostic on the sign of this association, precisely because we argue that the overall direction of the association may depend on the role of the different components of inequality on institutional trust. And we also argue that each of these components may actually act in a different direction, and there can be many arguments that can be made in order to support these hypotheses. First of all, we know that individuals may have different attitudes toward inequality, because there can be some inequality that are more tolerated and some other that are less tolerated. For example, in our context, we could argue that maybe within income group inequality is more tolerated if there is an incentive effect that is prevailing because maybe this inequality is a form of rewarding individual for their effort. But the other way around is that again, if we look within income group inequality, we may also end up with the opposite result that is higher inequality is actually hampering institutional trust, while because maybe there is an identification effect that is prevailing so that in cases of higher inequality, individuals will feel more distant with the other member of their group. Therefore, they will feel a sense of alienation and the sense of alienation will be reflected into lower institutional trust because this individual may judge public institution unable to observe this alienating effect. Concerning instead inequality between group again here, it is not clear what can be the sign of the association to institutional trust. First of all, we assume that maybe from one side between group inequality is perceived as a form of an acceptable inequality because between income group inequality is reflecting a form of fragmentation, social fragmentation and social separatism. Therefore, this kind of between group inequality is not related neither by the richer individuals because they know that higher inequality will generate higher negative externality in the society in the form of an instance higher crime. At the same time, it is also less acceptable by poorer individual because they are the individuals that bear the cost of buying between group inequality. But actually what is interesting is that we also found some motivation for this hypothesis if we explore the experimental literature where they shows that there are situations in which actually higher inequality to work cooperation will be reflected into higher level of institutional trust because in this case, what is happening is that with higher inequality richer individuals will have higher share to be spent on public good and poorer individual will condition their behavior to the rich behavior and they will actually be engaged in the pro-social behavior because they will observe higher involvement of the richer toward the provision of public good and they will mimic this behavior and this will be reflected into higher institutional trust. So, given this theoretical background, how we proceed, the empirical strategy is very simple. We just run a linear probability model because our outcome variable is an ordinal variable measuring the level of trust that each individual eye has in country C at time T. In particular, we consider trust in national government and our main explanatory variable is INEC that is in the first hypothesis is aggregating equity in the distribution at country C at time T and in the second hypothesis is a vector or four indicators that is between income group inequality and then the within income group inequality at the bottom, middle and top part of the distribution. Then we also add some individual control and country control and then also some country and time fix the effect. Our data sources are for concerning the inequality of course, the world income inequality database and we consider in the main analysis the gene index but then we have also robustness check with the Milo-Garit deviation. For the profile of inequality, we used again the weed because it provides for each country in each period of time, the percentile income distribution which is very much useful because all of us to estimate the whole profile of inequality for each country in each year considered. And for doing this, we made use of the composability property of the gene in Milo-Garit. Because notice that here given that the income distribution is divided into percentile, we don't have overlapping across groups so that we could actually also play with the composability property of the gene coefficient having within and between inequity component. Concerning the trust variable, we use the integrated value survey which combines world value survey and the European value surveys. And we ended up with the sample made of 82 countries going from 1981 to 2020. Okay, so these are our main results. The first three columns refer to the first hypothesis. As you can see, the results are quite surprising because we got that aggregate inequality is positively associated to institutional trust and this association is strongly significant. So we were also surprised when we saw the result but we played a lot with this data and we always get the same results. So we say, okay, let's then explore what is happening if we look at the whole profile of inequality and in fact, the result report in the last three columns and in fact, what we get is first of all is a support to our hypothesis that is looking at the profile of inequality does matter because each single component has a different impact on the equity. In particular, we notice that inequality between group is a component that is affected in a negative sense institutional trust. Maybe because again, it is the component that is less tolerated by individuals while inequality within group is actually positively related to institutional trust with the exception of inequality within the bottom individuals because this is more associated with too higher risk of poverty. Okay, then we did some method of native analysis. The first analysis that we considered is dividing the countries according to their level of development. Again, some surprising result is that the result I discussed before are only valid when we consider the poorest countries while they are completely reverted when we consider high income country. What is interesting, however, is that the profile of inequality always matter. So each single component will have a different impact on institutional trust. The second heterogeneity analysis that we run basically divides the sample according to the support for a distribution that each individual expresses. And again, here, while aggregating equality is robust across the two sample, the profile changes a bit. In fact, the profile ends up to be not relevant for individual that do not support the distribution while it is relevant for the other sub-sample in our society. Last interesting result is to give to support to our idea of going beyond looking at interpersonal trust and also focusing on institutional trust. Here, we consider two measures of interpersonal trust and again, we run the same regression and notice that we get completely opposite result with respect to what was happening when considering institutional trust. Therefore, again, a confirmation that interpersonal trust and institutional trust are different. So it is important to look at both form of social capital, I say, because these are two pillars of social capital. Okay, robustness check, considering the main explanatory variable, we, in addition to the Gini, we also looked at the mean logarithm deviation. For the outcome variable, we consider trust in political parties and national parliament. Then we add something trend and we perform some Jack Kniff test and our results are always confirmed. What instead we are a bit annoyed of is the identification issue. It's not clearly how to solve this issue because we have the data cross-sectional and furthermore, there are more than one variable that would be to be instrumented. So at the moment, we say that we don't pretend to interpret our result in a casual way, but we are trying to look if there is a possibility to better identify this effect. So to sum up, the contribution of this work is first to make light on the possible determinants of institutional trust and in particular on the role played by inequality. And not only aggregate inequities at all, but the whole profile of inequity and this is the first work doing this and doing this by endorsing a worldwide perspective. The other instrumental contribution is that we provide, let's say, a complementary database to the width because we provide for each count and each year estimates of between and within inequality. Okay, I stop here. Thank you very much.


Stevenson with the 72-54 win over Stockton here tonight. Dania Campbell had 14 points in the win, and she joins us. Dania, it's the first time that we get to visit with you. Congratulations. And I think the big thing that jumps out, not just a good night for you, but as we were talking about with Coach, a really balanced effort seemed like a lot of unselfishness on display from your team tonight. Yes, it was actually really good. And just to fill it, everyone was excited for each other. Everyone was playing on selfish, as you said before. So it was a really good feeling, especially going in the conference play. The other thing we talked about with Coach is she always preaches to me that defense is going to get your offense going. And I really felt like in the second quarter tonight, you started to see that. How much you guys are really buying in and sort of selling out the play defense and turn that into offense? Yeah, defense is key. As you can see, we had a lot of steals tonight, a lot of more assists tonight. So that was really good to see. And our defense did turn into offense. So it's exciting to see. And I love defense personally. So it's my favorite part of the game. Well, that's great. And look, you've pastored quite a few players. There's no doubt about that. Denia, obviously, everybody knows what's ahead. Messiah on Wednesday night, they're the number 10 team in the country. This is going to be a really difficult test. How much more confidence does your team have now, stockpiling back to back, sort of double digit victories, and feeling good right now going into this game on Wednesday? I think we have a lot more confidence, especially having these two games back to back. I think we've been playing really well on both sides of the court. So I think this is going to be actually crucial for us. I think we're going to go into these next games playing stronger than ever. So I think it's a good sign for us right now. No doubt about that. Denia, congratulations on a great night and a good win. We'll see you back here on Wednesday. Thank you. She's Denia Campbell. I'm Glenn Clark for GoMustangSports.com.


Microglia are increasingly implicated in brain pathology, particularly neurodegenerative disease. Many genes implicated in Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and motor neuron disease expressed in Microglia. There is, therefore, a need for authentic, efficient and backslash XA0 vitro models to study human microbial pathological mechanisms. Co-cultures retain neuronal maturity and functionality for many weeks. This article was authored by Walter Henseler, Stephen N. Sansom, Julian Buchrezer, and others.


All right guys, so I have a lot to do today and I'm just cutting right to the chase. I emptied out my pantry and we do rent this house. There is a possibility that some point we will purchase it but for now we are renters. So we aren't going to do things that take a lot of money or if it's not necessary right now. So obviously I would rip this shelving all out if this was my pantry and completely start over with good solid shelves and a different layout. But since we're renting, I'm just going to wash up the walls in here. I'm going to do a little trick with the shelves which we'll get there in a second. But the first thing I'm gonna do is actually get some lighting in here because there is no light in this pantry and you guys have heard me talk about Gove before. I have partnered up with them before and they are bringing the lighting to this situation. So I actually have quite a few of their products around our house. Here I'll run out and show you another one. So this is in our canopy over our patio. You can see they have string lights. I also have a lighting above my countertop that is similar to the strip light that I'm gonna be using in the pantry. All right, back to the pantry situation. So one of the things I love about Gove's products is they have lots of lighting options but their stuff is smart. So you do have a button included with this style lighting because this is what I have over my countertops but you can also turn it on with your phone and an app which is really convenient and fun. I know at Christmas time we had done like green and red, you know like you can do all kinds of fun things with it. Another thing that's really great to do with these is put them behind your TV. So it gives like a lighting that comes from behind your TV and a really fun ambience to the room. Let me open this up and show you what we're working with. Basically you can stick it on things which is of course super renter friendly. You're not having to wire things in or if you just want something that's just so easy and you don't have to hire somebody to wire things in. Also it comes with a one year extended warranty, 24 hour customer service and guys to be honest these are super, super well priced. It's a very inexpensive option to get a huge change in your space. They do come with like extra little brackets if you need to screw them onto the wall but generally they do really well just sticking right to the wall or under your cabinet wherever you're putting them. So I will put this little switch inside the door so we can just click push the button and turn on the light inside the pantry. Okay I am so impressed. I'll turn them on here in a second. It does take an outlet to plug them in so I don't have one in here. There is one on the other side of this wall and like I said, if this was my own house I would do a lot of different things like rewiring in here but I have some extension cord here that I'm actually gonna wind up and put in that little box right there and it'll just get plugged in around the corner.  So all you have to do and somebody had patched up a bunch of little holes in here this closet really needs repainted but and then all you have to do is push the power button and it turns them on and it's nice and bright and light in here and the thing I like about this a lot is because it's on this side of the wall it's shining that way and I don't have to worry about putting lighting under each shelf it just lights up the whole pantry and we can see what we're doing so here I'll turn them off so that's what it looks like with them off that's what it looks like with them on so much better. All right now I'm gonna show you what I'm gonna do the shelves. So I got this foam board and then I also have this white contact paper and I'm actually gonna wrap the shelves with the foam board I'm gonna cut it and then finish it off with contact paper to make it like waterproof and just a little more finished looking so you don't see these splices in the foam board and I'm going to wash the walls up a little bit that paint obviously would be the best thing but I just wanna get this done and I wanna have it looked nice and organized and I am reusing a bunch of the bins I had in here and then I also picked up some new things that will be super useful to us. All right, initially I thought I was going to like do a time lapse of me doing this but because it's such a small space I think I'm just gonna stop as I'm making progress and show you cause to really you know for you to be seeing what I'm actually doing it's kinda difficult cause I'm in my own way so this shelf is pretty much finished it's wrapped in the contact paper it has the poster board or the foam board underneath of it and it just looks really nice and finished I've also decided that this next week I'm actually going to paint in here it's just it's so marked up and stuff I don't have time to do it today just because I wanna get all of my cleaning done or at least half the house done today and so yeah but it will look even more nice and clean finished whenever it's painted but for now I'm going to work on this part of things so the first thing that I did to make the shelf is I cut a board on the width of the actual shelf so these are 12 inch shelves and then the front of it is an inch and a half so I cut myself a piece like this and I'm just using a utility knife and a little tip for you if you want it to be super straight is just lay a board over the other board and then use that kind of as your ruler if that makes sense so these go on the fronts of this and I actually had gotten five poster boards I needed four shelves and I'm really glad I did because now this one it's not wrapped yet it just has the poster board on it it doesn't have the contact paper which I really would encourage you to use contact paper just because this is waterproof and it'll be a little more durable than just like the paper part of the poster board but since I had an extra one I'm actually going to stick this up inside here just to give it a little more of a finished look because that top shelf like you can see you'll be able to see that the shelf is wrapped whereas like the rest of them are at eye level but this one since it's above us it will actually you'll be able to see it so since I had this extra board I'm actually going to put that up in there just to give it even more of a finished look and yeah, so this is a little hack I'm actually thinking I may do this in my laundry room here in the next couple of weeks because I have a long shelf that looks like this in my laundry room and I may do like a wood look to wrap it because you could make it look like a wooden shelf depending on the contact paper you used and I did tape like this here is all taped to the wire shelf I just used like a clear packing tape and it's also taped like right here just to tape the front part on and it's like not, I kind of was afraid it might be kind of wobbly or you know not very stable feeling and it's very stable feeling so and then the ends these types of shelves here let's see if I can show you on this one so these shelves sit into the clip and what I did is I actually wrapped I just wrapped it around the front and then just sat it right into the clip and this part in case you have shelving like this because a lot of people do this part I did not do to the length of the shelf I just did it here just to give it a nice front because I tried to go without doing that front part and you could see through the contact paper so you could see the bars through it and it just didn't look very finished it's not 110% perfect but I don't know about you guys but our pantry door, we have a door on our pantry but it does hang open a lot so the fact that something looks pretty on the inside Everly, Kailia asked me what I was doing and Everly said, oh mom's making the pantry look pretty so yeah and of course the whole thing of repainting this will definitely help the situation too I hope this inspires you and I'm gonna keep rolling and getting everything put together here and I'll check back in in a sec because they are completely done I'm so happy so what I'm gonna do is put in all of my bins that I had in here and then also I'm gonna fill up a few containers I got and I'm going to put a little lazy Susan here for all of our olive oil, coconut oil, things that we kinda grab out of here pretty regularly and then I will fill all of my bins back up with the things that need to go in here I've got this feeling I'm feeling you could be the one I see no reason why I should ever let you go I don't wanna wake up if I'm dreaming because you know I can't get enough of this feeling you're giving me Okay, I have everything put in here I'm so happy with how this looks and with the bins all in here it makes it a little more bearable that it's not repainted I think on camera you can't see it as well but there is really a lot of marks and things on the walls in here so and this hook is where I hang my broom and then the other thing that goes in here is our trash can and then there's usually a little spot that when my husband's not working I put his lunch box so yeah these bins are kind of like modular buildable bins and a lot of this stuff I picked up at Target up here is where I have a bunch of Ziploc bags tin foil, saran wrap, that kind of thing I don't have a ton of drawers in my kitchen so I kind of have to find places to put things that you would generally put in a drawer so that I put up there this one's empty right now and then in here I have canned goods and these two this one's just kind of random stuff like salad dressing and peanut butter and stuff like that this is our candy bin so when I get fruit snacks and stuff like that I put them in there here I wanted this size I really didn't want anything smaller than this because I feel like whenever they're bigger these are like more of a cereal size container but I feel like then I can get you know a big quantity of something the kind of rule of thumb that I want to roll with is that they have two cereals so when we go grocery shopping they go with me at times they can pick out two cereals which they're all about the frosted flakes right now and then this one's a new one and then two like a salty snack and a sweet snack so this is what we have going on right now and obviously the lazy Susan which I think both Corey and I are gonna be so happy about because this was something that yeah we just really needed a place for all of our oils and things like that and I did have it in this bin and it just was really inconvenient to have to pull that out since we use these things a lot so I really like this also this is the first time in any of my organizing and cleaning and stuff that I've ever used a lazy Susan and now I'm really considering getting some for under our bathroom sinks just because they're so nice and I feel like it just makes life a little bit easier to not have to dig through things down here this is like a snack bin with extra snacks and then this bin I actually put in a bunch of my like sweeteners and baking mixes because I do a lot of like gluten free and keto friendly baking so I needed a place for my special ingredients and then down in here is like all of my like keto snacks stuff that I eat a lot of and this one is all about coffee it's bagged coffee extra cake ups that don't fit in my canister on my coffee bar those kind of things and then these two actually I have been kind of using them for extra drinks we have a drink refrigerator in our garage that I put a lot of things in I also put stuff in the refrigerator here in the kitchen but not always does it fit and usually I buy these are all by drinks and I had hit a really good sale with them I generally buy our bottled or canned drinks whenever they're on sale so a lot of times I have excess so these bins that's where I keep it all because I get like bubblies whenever they're you know so much for three or four boxes at a time and then we need space to just stick it somewhere so that's where it ends up going and yeah, I can't believe how well these little strips literally light up this whole entire pantry I'm so happy with how it looks and this pantry has been dark for far too long and just we've needed a light in here for whenever we're looking for things so I think now I'm going to go ahead and tackle some of my other cleaning I hope this video inspired and motivated you don't forget to check out the links in the description box to try Grove products today like I said, we've used them for a while and really like them if you're new here don't forget to hit the subscribe button give this video a like for me and I will see you guys in my next video


What's going on if in a fair welcome back to another video if you guys are new to the channel Make sure you guys hit that subscribe button turn on your post notification But leave a positive comment down below for a chance to get a wha first chance to get a shout out in the next video That is right guys So I have a harrito here, which is a Mexican soda tamarindo flavor never had it before it's good But I'm surprised you got that because you don't like that. Don't tell me this is not a twist off one Bro, I don't have a bottle opener. I don't drink. I don't drink.  I can get it. Give me a second is like tail. You think this is easy So the key Why is the drink on your side? Why is it? Let's see. Let's see tamarindo flavor never had it. Let's see That's interesting. Well, it's not it's not nasty. That's like my kind of flavor like bitter-ish. It's not bitter You want to try it? No. No, very good. I wasn't sharing anywhere. Okay, so here we go Berea tacos. Okay, babe. Let him know what we talking about today. So first of all, we haven't had Berea tacos since Jersey right, so we have a lot to compare it to just because Jersey has a really good food because it's very cultured versus Florida is there's not a lot of culture out here There ain't but today We're just going to be doing a mukbang and we're basically going to be doing life update with you guys like talking to you About you know, what's been going on in our lives right now our thoughts and all that stuff So then he's supposed to have a baby. All right, so we're gonna start with that. Good. Yeah, let's just start with that Let's get right into it. So go ahead and tell them how you're feeling What do you mean how I don't let them know how you want a baby all of a sudden how you're like, yo Like just like, you know go ahead daddy do it. What the first of all, I'm not saying that We're supposed to try this together They're good. They're good. They're not as good as Jersey, but they're not nasty. They're good like I got it I got it again disappointed. Mm-hmm. Okay. I don't know like I don't know if it's because like a lot of my friends are pregnant right now I'm getting super baby fever and what's crazy is that for years? I've been super scared to have a child because I just feel like mentally I just don't think that I'm like ready to have a baby just because I feel like I need to sort through some trauma You know what I mean? What we're not gonna do this work I never really felt like I was in the state of mind where I'm just like happy and like a hundred percent So I wouldn't want to like have my stresses on my child, but now that I'm thinking about it I'm like working through a lot of stuff of trying to let go of things that hurt me in the past I'm really trying to like put myself in the perspective of like if I had a child I would honestly be so happy because I feel like they would just take everything away like all of the sadness all the pain All the hurt all the trauma like it just will leave my body because I would care a hundred percent about my child But yeah, so I don't know. I guess that's what I've been thinking about lately Would you say you're ready for a child right now? Now if you were to get pregnant right now, are you ready? I think so technically you're never ready But like you know I mean I think I just need to do a lot more research You know because there's a lot of things that I don't know about just like things There's just things that you know pregnant people go through that you just don't know Babe there's a lot of things that pregnant women go through that a lot of people like what babe There's just certain things like that they don't tell you about being pregnant I see a lot of tiktoks that they're like all they don't prepare you for this They don't tell you about this and it's a lot of stuff But are you ready to be a dad because that right there just shows me that I don't know All right. See a lot of dads are clueless going into Parenthood. That's normal. So is the mother. All right. As far as am I ready? Technically, you're never ready. But yes, I am I really am I'm ready to see a little junior me running around All right, and I'm ready to see a little junior you running around saying daddy Can you put on the tutu and play fairies with me? Yes, I will be a fairy Just for my daughter and I'm gonna teach my son how to do burnouts at the age of like two.  Why not? What's the issue?  What if I get him to do it legally like NASCAR? That's fire. That's just scary to me. I think it's very dangerous.   Only thing I'm really scared of is breastfeeding. Why cuz it's painful. Is it really?  I wouldn't know I don't have pregnant friends. I have guy friends I don't know. I just like I think I'll get through it I'm learning that no matter how much I'm scared of things I just get through it like especially like during this whole endometriosis process I've gotten through literally everything.  Just have faith and practice Practice and you know what I have a bone to pick with society.  Well, come on. No one ever does a dad. Good job. You guys carry it for nine months I give you that all credit 100% but all I'm asking for is a little pat on the back and saying, you know Good job dad. Thank you for what for putting in that work and making it happen for being a hornball How it takes to the Tango, baby. I know all right though So if I was being one you were being one too, not even that but you have to go through nothing Understood and I give you guys the credit 100% however the dad put in some type of work too Where's the effort like where's the the sticker for the dad that says good job dad? What what what you guys gonna say? All right, then what's our next topic there was something else we were gonna talk about what was it I don't know I'm asking you buying a home. I don't know. Do you want to talk about that? The process of buying a home when we moved here, we wanted to buy home We wanted to buy home straight up But like it's so hard to actually find a good home that you're like in love with I think that's what's hardest for me Got me. That's disgusting. Oh, I'm sorry miss.  Don't come at me talking about that's nasty Yeah, but like private not I think you burp more than I do well We just found out how gas straight is so that's why you always got something to blame it on bro, bro Stratus is a big reason why you would be burping and stuff like that Okay, so why do I do it from the opposite end a lot bro? Cuz that's cuz you like to eat work area like this morning talking about beating to get McDonald's Bro, honestly, alright, I wanted to do this mukbang with McDonald's like 40 nuggets each, but she didn't want to do it It hurts my stomach Yeah, why tell him what you tell me what I tell you Say it and I'll tell you if I say that or not.  I never tell you that are you kidding me? Are you kidding? I thought you're gonna say like oh, that's right This is a myth. I thought you're gonna say something like that too that I do be saying just to get on their skin I never tell you when you're in pain to grow pear any know what you mean. I'm saying. Oh, I don't want my stomach to hurt You'd be like grow up Exactly exactly. So there we go. I say jokingly though guys. I don't actually tell you like yo Are you see you're gonna put me on blast right now?  Yeah, but you always he always says it and there's always a little bit of truth to I'm kidding So you really just want me to just deal with the discomfort so that you can have satisfaction of eating McDonald's That's exactly what it is.  It's not acting like you're innocent Well, why are you doing so deep into this? It's not that serious. You need to grow up You know how much I paid for this Cuz three tacos went by real quick. Mm-hmm. We should have did for this is what I get for listening to you But you said three and I was like, you know what let me do three. I'd rather have like five or six Really?  Mm-hmm. I'm maybe squeeze five. That's this is a light snack But I'm still gonna have to eat after this. What do you think though? How do they taste? Mm-hmm. I think that they're good.  Yeah, me too. Definitely better than Jersey though No, yeah, Jersey got it. Mm-hmm. What? That's what we were gonna talk about how we miss home. Oh guys, we're moving back to Jersey We forgot we should have started with that. Mm-hmm. We're moving back. I'm a dust series.  Mm-hmm. Yesterday. I went to the backyard and I was watering my grass and a crane just came up to me and pecked my back Started wrestling when I'm grabbing by the neck Why are you looking at me for confirmation like I was there, bro You were there you were on that you were over here on the couch You were looking at me through the window you were tapping on the window like Routing me on like I'm moving I need help because like this long they're gonna think I'm lying because you're not agreeing with me I am I'm just saying that all really happening. Oh, yo, you see I was gonna say I was gonna say you real and then you go ahead And let them know that it's alive. I didn't say anything. I just looked at them Hold on.  How your fingers taste good. They taste like wine. Oh my gosh Yeah, and all seriousness. We're kind of homesick. You're homesick. I'm not okay I'm homesick and the reason why is because like whenever this happens I always hate when I'm in Jersey just because of the cold like if it weren't because of the cold I would that was hot sauce. Yeah, I was using it this whole time son. I forgot that was there It's really good, too. Well, thank you for telling me all I got left is a spoon bueno in a line Yeah, but I just feel like in Jersey we had like a routine going and I don't know like I found I guess a nice like I was gonna say I found a nice routine with going to the gym We did have a good and having like a good meal prep place like their food was so good. It was all right I preferred I I like our meal prep now way more bugging the buffalo chicken wrap. Seriously, bro It was good But like compare all their meals compared to these people all their meals like these people have way better meals for the whole week I don't compare to just one over there in Jersey. I don't know I just prefer like the food in Jersey.  It was like, I feel like Florida is like everything's all like nice and sweet. Yeah, everything's so like everything's so calm and chill It's like I miss a chaos. I miss a crack. It's coming up to the car I'd be like give me your money. You miss the crack. It's coming up to you I remember when the crack came up to my car in KFC. I'm like you have a nice car, man You gotta I was like, bro I got a regular Honda Accord at the time like you saying it like I was driving a Ferrari Mm-hmm, like dang bruh, but appreciate that. But yeah, man, I missed the crack heads, too Yeah, that's it. That's the only thing I miss about Jersey. It's just like that rugged feeling For me and like miss my friends obviously our friends need to come down here and stop being scared of the cranes Not even that but like I feel like you I mean your friends are different your friends always came through for you I feel like there's only one person at the end of my like, you know before moving that I was just like Okay, like I'm really gonna miss you. Wait, who's that my cousin? I could say it all out Asia I was gonna say you spilling tea right now. I don't even know the tea. Yeah, it was the only one that I was like spending Consistent time with like you started chilling with her like literally like a month before we were like leaving and I was just like Bro, that was a bad thing to start. No, you're gonna miss that I definitely do miss it, but like we still talk all the time we keep up with each other But other than that like my best friend, but we still like talk all the time, too 35 grams of sugar That's why I said no needs to be 40 Okay, anywhere. Yeah. Yeah. I don't know.  I miss baseball over there I think that's the thing I miss the most was going to the batting cages every week with my boy my coach He probably not watching this but shout out to you bro. I miss you a lot. Yeah, man. That's it That's really all I miss about Jersey. I'm pretty much done and your family down Obviously, I feel like that goes without saying no, bro Everybody knows my mom is over there.  Yeah, we can't wait till she gives birth Well, I'm excited. I don't know why but I feel like I'm gonna cry really and I've never cried on my sisters But it's cuz I was younger. No, I was younger So I really didn't like understand like a whole meaning of everything, but it's different now And it's a boy finally and he's gonna be born around the time of your birthday. Yeah, I know I know we're gonna be close in birthdays.  You gonna need a cane relax Okay, so what do you mean?  You know me his friends are gonna be like yo your brother's lip, right? Oh, they're gonna be like is that your dad? No, they're gonna be like I thought that was your grandfather before but that's your brother. Yo, he's lit I mean whatever Bro, you know, I'm a fun time when I'm lit.  They're gonna be around the same age. All right Don't say it like that cuz when you say that's weird like that. That's what I'm saying though. I blame my mom It's my mom's fault. She just needed no one to stop I mean, yeah, that's it. You got anything else you want to talk about. No, that's pretty much it This is kind of like where my mindset is that or you didn't really even say anything.  That's basically what you said. No, it's not Well, that's what registered in my head, so that's what's gonna stay in there Well, I'm sorry that you have a terrible mindset on how you think of things I do have a terrible mindset. My mindset is bad, but anyway. Yeah, I'm done. I mean I really like this video I like talking about updates with life and stuff like this about you guys while eating some banging food shout out to all the Mexicans out there. This is fire. Shout out to Jay Leonard We're a shout out to her friend Jay Leonard But yeah, I mean if you guys want to see more videos like this let us know down below give this video a big thumbs up and comment down Below if you guys do want to see another video like this what food should we do next all right? We kind of just bought this on the whim and it was good I don't regret it. What all that being said it is not time for today's post notification shout out Says post notification shout out to Iman well Sanchez shout out to you bro Thank you so much for the love of support if you guys want to post notification shout out All you guys got to do is like comment share subscribe and turn your post notification bells on to note About whenever we post a new video with all that being said we will catch you in the next vlog miss video


So among the many thermodynamic relationships we can consider, the easiest or the simplest ones to write down are the ones that follow directly from the fundamental equations for the four different types of energy. So remember we have fundamental equations for energy and enthalpy, home holds free energy and Gibbs free energy. We'll start with Gibbs free energy as the one we've seen most recently. Fundamental equation for the Gibbs free energy tells us immediately two thermodynamic derivatives. In fact, I'll write those down and then I'll remind you of where they come from. So if we write down, if we use the fundamental equation and using the analogy of if we think of a function of two variables, the differential of that function has one piece that tells how it's changing in response to a change in x. Another piece that tells us how much that function is changing in response to a change in the variable y. And crucially the coefficient that's in front of the dx tells us this derivative df dx. Coefficient in front of dy tells us df dy while holding the other variable constant. So if we just look at these fundamental equations, we can read directly off of them the dg dt at constant other variable at constant p. That's equal to this coefficient of negative s. Likewise, the coefficient here in front of the dp must be the rate at which g is changing with respect to p, the pressure. So dg dp at constant t is equal to volume. So for each of these fundamental equations that we have seen. So writing those down, du is equal to tds minus pdv. dh is equal to tds plus vdp. Da is minus sdt minus pdv. Each of those fundamental equations allows us to write down some derivatives just like we've done for the Gibbs free energy. So for the internal energy, du ds at constant v is equal to this coefficient t. du dv at constant s is equal to negative pressure. The enthalpy equation proceeding similarly, dh ds at constant p is equal to temperature, dh dp at constant entropy is equal to volume. And then for the third one, Helmholtz free energy, dA dt at constant v is equal to negative s. And dA dv at constant t is equal to negative pressure. So all together, if we know what the fundamental equations are, they allow us to write down these eight thermodynamic relationships. So that's eight thermodynamic relationships, a couple of which we've seen before, some of which are new. The thing to remember here is not that here's eight more relationships to add to a list and to memorize. The most easy thing to do is if you know what the fundamental equations are, which we've had occasion to use multiple times. If you remember the fundamental equations, you can determine these derivatives immediately. So if we ever need dh ds at constant p, we recognize from the fundamental equation exactly what that derivative is equal to. Even easier than memorizing four different fundamental equations. If you remember how to get from one of these to the other, for example, enthalpy is energy plus pv, so that swaps the roles of the p and the v in the fundamental equation. Just by memorizing one of these fundamental equations, knowing how to get the others very easily, you can also very easily proceed to get these eight thermodynamic relationships. So these relationships, I'm calling those the fundamental thermodynamic relationships because they flow from the fundamental equations, are perhaps the easiest ones to derive and make use of. And next, we'll explore some techniques for determining some additional thermodynamic relationships.


Annotization of aluminum produces an ordered array of cylindrical pores on its surface, which can be used as templates in various nanotechnology applications without lithographical techniques, such as manufacturing nanomaterials and devices or incorporating them into specific applications like sensors, nano-electronic devices, filter membranes, and medical scaffolds for tissue engineering. This article was authored by Gerard Eddie Pointern, Derek Fawcett, and Nershahedda Ali.


How do you motivate your team? Is a pretty common interview question when you are or will be managing team members? To answer any interview question well, you need four things. Firstly, you need to understand what the interviewer is really asking. Second, you need to understand what problems you have to solve in the job that you're applying for. Third, you need to have a clear, well thought out, pre-prepared answer and Fourth, you need to have practiced your answer, so you're clear about what you're saying and confident delivering it. In this video, we take you through each of these for how do you motivate your team? The interview question. I've also included example answers at the end of this video, so watch until the end. My name is Jess Coles and I've won many management-level jobs in the tough London jobs markets with corporates and household names among others. And I've also sat as a hiring manager in over a thousand interviews. If you're new to this channel, Enhance.training provides online business courses to help professionals, managers and business owners improve their performance. And if you like this video, please give it a thumbs up, subscribe and share it with friends. So let's start by talking about what the interviewer is looking for by asking how do you motivate your team? Interviewers are interested in how you motivate teams because a well-motivated team performs better, delivers more and is likely to have less staff members leave. All these are very important benefits for the company. Because of this, your answer is often a make or break answer. Get it wrong or give a weak answer and you may easily find yourself out of the running for the job. The interviewer is expecting to find out, firstly, how experienced and managed you are. Secondly, what your approach to team management and team motivation is. Thirdly, how effective your approach might be. And fourth, if your approach fits with what is needed in the team. And what makes this question even harder to answer is that your answer needs to be based on your approach. You can't just come up with a generic set of answers that you can find in a management book. You have to inject into your answer what you do, how you approach the situation and make the answer your own. An experienced interviewer or hiring manager will be able to tell the difference. For example, if I thought a candidate was regurgitating a management book to me, I would ask for examples of when the candidate did X, Y and Z, I would ask how it went, what the team's reaction was and so on.  And as always, you're in competition with the other candidates that the interviewer will be speaking to. I'm now going to give you some ideas about what should be included in your answer. As mentioned before, make your answer personal, based on what you have done to motivate teams or individuals in the past. Here are some of the areas that I would talk about when answering this question. Firstly, setting clear direction, goals and expectations for the team. Secondly, being fair and consistent with team members. This makes your job as a manager a lot easier. Third, being open and honest. This creates an atmosphere of trust, which has many benefits to motivation. Fourth, being supportive and helping team members. Fifth, working hard to develop team members. This action is a must in my view. The benefits development brings to the team, the business and the manager are too good to ignore. Sixth, protect your team so they can deliver without getting burnt out or being pulled from pillar to post. Seven, learn to say no. A critical skill to learn how to do well. Eight, celebrate success both publicly and privately. Complementing good work or behaviour is so important in team motivation. Also, team members want to know when they have done something well and they'll want to do more of it. Nine, manage your negative emotions carefully. The leader has a big impact on the team's culture and motivation, so it is important that you manage your response to negative emotions well. Ten, promoting from within where possible. This sends a really positive message about the development opportunities to the team and the wider business. And lastly, 11, seeking feedback where possible so I can improve my management skills. You may well have other areas that you want to talk about. As long as these work in practice and you've had some experience of delivering, what you're talking about include what you think is best. On the card showing is a link to our how to motivate a team video, taking you through each of these points in a lot more detail. I've also included a link below in the description. Take a look. In many interviews, the interviewer may well give you additional information. When asking how do you motivate your team, the interviewer may well give you a scenario first and then ask this question. Or you may have been given additional information at some point during the interview. Or you may have a good idea of the team situation from the job description, the job advert and your research. Use this information to amend your standard answer. Incorporate how you might deal with team issues or poor staff morale or a difficult team culture, whatever the situation you're presented with. In preparing for this interview question, it is well worth you thinking about the different situations in which team motivation is a key issue. For example, poor team performance or high staff turnover, or the business is failing or under financial pressure, or the company might have high growth and which in turn puts a lot of pressure on the team. Plan out how you would answer these situations and others that you can think of. How long you should take to answer this question depends on your experience level. If you're at the junior end of the management ranks, then I'll suggest you keep your answer to say one minute, maybe two minutes at most. If you're more experienced and have a lot more to say, for instance, then maybe one minute to maybe three minutes. You must keep your answer clear, concise and easy to follow. Do not allow yourself to ramble when answering this interview question, which is really easy to do if you're not careful. As with all interview questions, make sure you practice your answers in front of a mirror or film yourself answering the questions. You must be confident delivering your answer and your answer must be clear, concise and easy to follow. Keep practicing your answer until you're happy with how you are delivering it. I'm going to take you through a couple of example answers for different experience levels. I treat my team as I would like to be treated. I'm open and honest with them, keeping them informed about what is going on. I set clear directions and expectations and I spend a lot of time mentoring them so that I can pass on my knowledge and develop my team members. As they get better at what they do, the team and the company and I are better off. And finally, I make sure good work is publicly and privately celebrated. As an example, as our monthly team meetings, I bring a bottle of champagne and give this to the person who's done the best work or to demonstrate the best behaviour as nominated by their colleagues. I have a diverse team covering mid-office through to back office functions with star performers through to good performers. I have employed a range of strategies to keep the team motivated and performing well. Some of these include requiring all managers to have one-to-one meetings with all their direct reports each week with a big emphasis on mentoring and development. We have informal training sessions and formal ones regularly and invest significant amounts in our team members professional growth. We have a variety of meetings to keep communications clear and consistent in which I employ a very open and honest style in which all team members ask a lot of questions. I encourage this as much as possible and it works really well. I have employee of the month awards nominated by their peers and we read out all the nominations to celebrate their successes. And I fight hard for the team within the wider business to ensure that they are recognised for the achievements they deliver and protected from all of the politics from being overworked or from being pulled from pillar to post. And on a personal note, I spent a lot of time coaching my direct reports and I work hard on improving my ability to lead with the appropriate style in a wide range of situations we encounter. I am fair, I try to be as consistent as I can and I deal with any issues quickly. We have a supportive environment and ethos with a strong expectation to perform. As an example, the team and I delivered on over 50 projects outside of our day-to-day work. These range from large to small projects. The team are very well respected and liked within the business and we've won our internal best team award as a result. So in summary, think about firstly the different team situations you might encounter in which motivation is a key issue. And secondly, how would you approach improving the team motivation? Be clear on what points you want to talk about and construct an answer that matches your management style and approach for each of these situations. Then practice delivering this answer until it is clear, easy to follow and you're confident in the delivery. Good luck. And if you liked this video, please hit the thumbs up button below and subscribe and hit the bell to get notified of our weekly video releases. This really helps us to produce more videos to help you. Thanks very much for watching and I look forward to seeing you soon.


Well, on a toffi TV, it is the Everton News Daily. Everton have announced that they have increased season ticker prices for next season. The blues are currently frozen season ticker prices for the last 10 years. We did have some indication, I think it was December time that Denise Barabaxendale was saying there was a need to increase season ticker prices going forward as Everton transitioned from Gwddon Swn Park to Bramley Morddoch. Some people thought it would just be one big hit, moving from Gwddon Swn into Bramley Morddoch, where it goes up, but it seems as though the club are going to do a gradual increase so that when we get to Bramley Morddoch, the prices are a couple of under a pound more than what you're paying now. The increase across the board is around 10%. It's slightly less in some areas and slightly more in others, but on average it's around a 10% increase for next season. Adole prices, one of the headline takeaways is Adole prices start from £465, then that equates to less than £25 per game. That's what the club are leading with. There are direct debit options available. You can get 12 month direct debit now some people are opting for that so obviously you can spread the cost of that, make it a little bit more affordable. Listen, it's difficult to talk about price increases at any time, particularly at the moment given the financial landscape with energy companies putting prices up and everything seems to be moving up and that's not necessarily reflected in wages and cost to living and stuff like that so people will find it a bit more difficult but the club have put the prices out and it is what it is. The window for renewal opens on Tuesday the 22nd of February 2022. There's lots of different timescales then for renewing your seat and for new people who are on the waiting list when they get notified but it is going to be an increase and I imagine it's the first of a few before we get to Bramley Morddoch. Y Errimina has been offered to Brazilians side Flamingo according to his agent, Flamingo boss Paolo Souza, apparently wants Errimina to play alongside David Luiz and Rodrigo Tiau in his midfield. Errimina has got just over a year left of his contract and obviously the feeling is he's evidence best centre back, that is the feeling, I think that's proven by the stats as well. However, he's never fit. This season in particular he's just had one injury after the other and it's a huge blow obviously got injured at Newcastle last week and his alpha 10 weeks or something like that so it's not going to return until late April and that's just no good for Errimina. The defenders played I think 10 times this season so for Everton they quite clearly need a centre back who can be relied on who's dependable but also is that leader, that meaner is. So maybe moving to Brazil is something that appeals to warmer conditions, might be more conducive to his body obviously a lot closer to his home in Colombia. So yeah that's a story coming out of the Brazilian press today. Former Everton striker Kevin Campbell believes Dominic Calvert-Lewin and Richard Charleston can steer the Blues away from any relegation worries. The pair of them partnered each other on Saturday against Leeds in a 3-0 win. Neither player scored although Richard Charleston thought he had but both played excellently for Everton and were clearly spring both for the Blues to go on and sweep aside the Leeds side. Campbell said the pair are a real handful for any defence. There aren't many teams who have two strikers like the Blues do and that can steer them away and get them higher up the table if Dominic Calvert-Lewin can get fit as soon as possible. And that is it. Dominic Calvert-Lewin is just working his way back to fitness and he's backing the side of the weekend putting a good performance and it's hopefully building on that now. But this is real fair and I said the same kind of thing last week with Dominic Calvert-Lewin and Richard Charleston up front. Everton won't be in trouble and if Everton can create chances for those two then I think we can win a lot more games. Certainly Kevin Campbell believes that. And finally Everton's under 18 side beat Derby County 2-0 at Finch Farm this afternoon and that moves the Blues up to fourth in the Premier League north table. An own goal from Harry Hawkins and Isaac Heath were enough to give Paul Tateman all three points and that was after beating Nottingham Forest at the weekend as well. So back to back wins without conceding a goal for Paul Tateman. That is it for the daily. Make sure you give the video a thumbs up, subscribe if you haven't and if you want more videos join us on page and the link is in the description. See you later.


in that room. And you can feel the heat all the way back here. That's how intense these fires are nowadays, with all those petroleum products in your forties as well.


all right welcome so this is an example of a 2017 15 inch MacBook Pro almost maxed out that is now starting to develop problems with the keyboard too so the background here is I had a 2016 version of this that Apple tried to repair when there were multiple problems with the keys and after three repairs they eventually gave up and sent me a 2017 version is that that worked great for three months but now after three months I start to have problems both with the spacebar occasionally resulting in double taps and in particular the return key that doesn't necessarily always work when I strike it a particular in the lower part so to show this I figured that I'm gonna record both the screen so that you see when I type xx6 let's see xx6 marks the spot and then we're gonna type the return key to you so first let me show you the part that does work so if I hit it hard in the middle of the return key and then type every mix x and return things work just great we can try that again no problem whatsoever so let's try the lower part in the middle or in the middle part it kind of works in the leftmost corner it rarely works so let's try the left most corner x you can probably even hear the sound of the key right see occasionally works when I strike more in the middle of course I don't systematically use the left most corner of the return key but the problem is that you can strike the return key you even hear the sound I'll be quiet for a second so you do hear the sound so if you touch typing you're just hammering away the keyboard you can hear the keys move you feel that the key is moving the only problem that it doesn't generate any character or in this case any return character on the screen which I think would be fine you can't expect the keyboard to work perfectly if it's a $250 Chromebook if it's a $3,000 MacBook I do expect that the keys actually work when I strike them so back to you Apple


Yes, welcome back to why in the morning special. Thanks to hello TV and join me charge it for starting our day on a laughing note So if you happen to interact with the video that would you think might break the views or go viral send it our way on white 5 4 channel on Twitter white 5 4 and school channel on Instagram and white 5 4 on Facebook so we can start a Wednesday's on a laughing note together as a country that's Africa as well since we own dsdv on channel 3 7 6 I go by the name of by muscles or it's very more navy social media platform And it's about that time for your favorite segment of the week if I'm not wrong. It's time for strength of a woman We should have cued that shaggy song, but we're gonna do it next time or after this But my strength of a woman of the day Studies at Railway technical Institute. She studies building and technology, but that is not the reason she's here The reason she's here is because she's gone against all the odds at the age of 19 now running our own business in The agricultural industry and she goes by the name Paris Chebets Caribou, Sarah Cariboussana. Oh, I almost All right, but I'm pretty sure that Caribous Anna your camera is number four You can introduce yourself Quack, we're going to make also just tell them let them straight into the ice and love for transit conversation Okay, I'm Paris the best Kerry are from Beringo County Yeah, I'll die my ravine.  Yeah, all right So people are seeing a lot of things about Beringo County on the news You are somebody on the ground. Is it a real problem in Beringo? Yeah, I can say Beringo is large And it's true. There's some drought in our place there, but it's not we are coming from where you're coming from You're fine. Yeah, but Beringo is big and that people need help in Beringo Yeah, Beringo County stand up. You're represented online the morning and what other way than strength of woman. So Before we We digress so much. I'd like to know Your you're having a cook project right now.  Now you're doing it big and better. Was the cuckoo project always the vision for you? um I guess I'm a before before when I joined really joined for one Had a dream of doing business and I started saving since for one. I started saving using post bank But it could be a certain place. Nika stop saving for post bank Okay, and I joined Borrecia Borrecia circle in for one. Yeah for one. Yes How did you have all this wisdom to save in for one? We never used to save in for one You know, I can keep a pocket money. I could I guess I'm Have to save kiddo go then use kiddo go. Yeah, this has always been the culture for you Yeah, this is very important in business as well So my mother I can support and I can look out to the circle And then I started I'm using a junior count and Up on the land I could save and I saved and saved to come be so safe So for four years from for one to four four. Yes, you are always saving. Yes All right. What did you learn in the process of saving like?  So again, you can if I know me you walk Seven millions of the cuckoo project I started when I finished my phone for my mother come in particular one cuckoo So that's cuckoo So I did it Yeah, you cook we can grow and up on the millions I Got friends from different places that I bring so I talk to them I can I get these cuckoo and then And then I started I started and this cuckoo it will grow then from the eggs Me look on our dish up. I paid back what I bought from cuckoo. All right Yeah, so this was a was a layer that this chick this chicken Yeah, was a layer so you are you are selling the eggs first and then you saved up the money and then you got your next project All right, maybe you can paint a picture for them. Which high school is this? Oh I was in First I was in Toronto girls high school in Beringo. Yes Then I went to Milimani in Kericho Milimani in Kericho. Yes, you transferred schools All right, so this is still in the rift the food basket of the country All right, so you saved up this money and then you got into a project. All right, but this project Involved renovating a petrol station. Yeah. Yes, all right by this time you are not in our TIX, right? Yes But this involved building technology. Did you know building technology is something that you wanted to do? Do I first I believed in working using my hands So Those successful men Interact with them I wanted to know more so I talked to them then I Knew this of course. This is called building technology. So I went for it You went for it. Yeah, but while you are renovating this petrol station How come I'm building technology yet? But it's quite me funny building technology. It'll go to compassion one hour. Yeah, Daniel. Oh, yeah All right So how did this come up because you are only 18 when you renovated this petrol station and you are given a contract to Renovate a petrol station. Yes Okay, Nili I first saw this petrol station. It's near our church. So Classical in a church. I'm gonna this petrol station is very old and it's working. So me Nika I started asking hey this petrol station. Yeah, Nani and then Nika director of the person. So Niki Nika on by the people who are working there come on as a pattern number boss and Nika I'm called comma Kindly can I meet you? Then I can ember it's fine at this time you're 18 years of age. Yes How old is the boss of the petrol station this time roughly think 40 40s Yes, do you this person get to listen to you? Yes, you know Nili and I come and you're passion. I didn't come until concerned me shounder Can say bq Yeah, you need the old total of money and get to me and What your best and engage all must be a person getting back here any profits So you knew all these things before you studied building technology. Yes How many years into your studies right now? One year in how long are you going to be studying this three years? I guess. All right So building technology is a passion for you and farming is a passion for you as well Yes, because now I can build I can go to sites and build because I know to build it all right in the Renovation of this petrol station you sold at the dream come on be a You come on be a this petrol station It's a co-barabara. It's on your way It's our way, so I come be a for what you know, Peter co-barabara on a this petrol station in our work You have to renovate it. So and I can help you with this and I have a budget This is my breakdown right here. Yeah, this is a 40-something. Yeah, we'll talk into it an 18-year-old Yes, and you saw the dream it got possible This is back in baringo. Yes. Now you're in Nairobi You're back to your co-co-project the farming project you buy and sell chicken. How does this work? Okay Nilly Nilya chaku farming when nearly joined my school since Sing a part of your time you concentrate on it since never concentrate on Shula. So I can't figure out what's next So Nika Nika say ma what I'll do. I'll buy cuckoo through my phone using my phone And sell it through my phone also. Yeah, so I get after Nilkana boy money. I'll come and work with me and it really did a lot for me Nika mum be a go pick these cuckoo from there and before you you you deliver I'll send the money. So Mia was the person who will send the money All right. Yeah, so you you create connect since you have experience in this business Yeah, I create connect and I find the person who needs the cuckoo and the person was a cuckoo to sell And then you're the middle person. I don't want to say Person here and then cuckoo in Africa the intended person. Yes All right, so that is what you're doing right now And that's how you're managing to to live in this expensive CD. Yes You're making your own money Which is amazing right that white 5 4 channel on Twitter white 5 4 and the school channel on Instagram No, it's my phone Facebook is the only way to reach us. Hashtag is why in the morning? Hashtag is Wednesday Hashtag is strength of a woman be sure to interact with us. You've used your comments and suggestions I invited so my dad before we carry on Your camera is number four Share your social media handles and then we can carry on Okay Instagram Paris Kerry 08 on Facebook Paris Kerry All right So as somebody who's studying in college right now and you're running your own business on the side with the supplies and everything Which path are you looking at taking are you going the employment way when you're done with building technology? Or are you going to focus on your business? Okay now?   Yes There's a one which always motivate me. I always say I want to walk until I don't have to introduce myself Yes, that is your motivation right there. All right.  What is your motivation in life in life or in business? Yes in business. I always want to To work until even even my my accounts my bank account It's like my phone number. Yeah, I can't even reason All right, this is your motivation right? Yes. All right. So, uh, what do you think? Me do you like this because not so many youths are thinking the same way you're thinking some of them are just saying But when it comes to you you're thinking business you think in future you're thinking loads of cash What is this that you think is different in you?  Yes, and also my brother Shout out to versus mom and versus brother. Yes, and then I always say Don't I don't look happy. We see on the hopper. You have to be visionary. Yes. That's an attribute you need as a business person Yeah, all right I'm focused for a bigger project. I'm really saving You know The biggest contractor coming all right the various contractor coming. I like that as well So yeah, your experience in railway training institute How is it over by the way being a lady in a male dominated industry such as building technology? First it was a challenge Since I think Hey, there are a lot of boys in my class and I'm the only uh, always two there girls So I don't know kinds are at first because I'm going to the first practical of masonry Baby mama way. It was so tiresome But I had that interest. So it was so interesting to me I gave baby mama way and I feel so I can build it feel powerful. Yeah So you may keep on motivating me At any point I'm telling mommy. I think I went for the right place. I'll never regret For doing this course here. All right So since you're here, you're in building technology in agriculture as well poverty has led to canyons so many canyons living in very unhealthy conditions or conditions that you can't recommend for a human being Because we are still focused focusing on technologies of building The old ways the old technologies of building their new technologies of building decent houses for for humans Is this something you're looking to to get into? All right, so what are some of the Some of the mistakes we are making That we are so so that we are not able to provide Good housing for canyons in the villages and in the slums in Nairobi because In building building technology people are focusing only at They need only good houses, you know You can say how can I explain it? You know, I mean they need only good houses They know that that these all good houses are so expensive to to build so but I think that's Me and I can't believe I can do everything I don't believe in failure You never believe in failure. Yeah, so it's possible a decent housing for everybody In the country. Yes in future. Yeah, all right. Wonderful. So, uh as the future The future biggest contractor the future Biggest supplier in the farming industry What are some of the attributes like? Risk taker risk taker number one. Yes So, uh I decided to risk though it had a lot of challenges I'm not there around to see what is going on. So sometimes But Even keep on moving any I still encourage myself. I just risk all all these things. Yeah So risk taker is the number one the number one lesson for an entrepreneur or a go-getter Strong woman or a strong queen is a risk taker. Yes number one. You've taken risk Because I want to take risk I To give out free. Yes. The first time And then you realize this business is not for you. It was a learning process for you. Did once Always believe in working with your hands Always believe in working with your hands that he hands are a sign of clean All right, believe in working with your hands Late nights you can sleep always late. Yes late nights. Yes sleep is over 80. Yeah Because every time you have to sacrifice your time since come as I only So I had a lot of assignments to do But I still have the business to do. So I had to sleep late to arrange what for tomorrow. All right Number four, how's your wrap up? Yes cream telecream the Money orientation my orientation need to know and understand how money works and how to deal with money. Yes All right. What are some of these money money orientation orientations that you can give us? Okay, I was always my mind was always money oriented I was Am I going to get profit at the end of this business? Am I going to get something? Yeah All right and saving is very important as well. Yeah But not saving alone Saving and investing saving and investing is very important Saving is a waste of time. You can save a lot of money for many years But in a cut to a poor but you I would defend a kid. I just didn't get economy in any single way You can rise number four. Thank you very much for the insight Give us your social media handles and now we can get a hold of the businesses that you are running right now Okay, find me on instagram Paris carol 08 and facebook Paris Jebed carol Thank you very much. Paris Jebed carol for coming through to i in the morning. We appreciate you Salam o engel print up to my salam out there in beringo. Yes. All right. Your time is now.  I know you're watching dad Cheryl you're watching and my class building technology All right. Yeah, and also engineer kalib big up. I see you there engineer kalib All right, thank you very much for coming through to i in the morning We appreciate you so much keep doing what you're doing and i'm looking forward to seeing you at the Nairobi stock exchange Since this is a vision for you Thank you. Very just this is our strength of woman of the day She goes by the name Paris jebed and she is a business woman and a student of building technology She wants to be the biggest contractor in the country or in Africa And she wants to be the biggest entrepreneur in the world of agriculture If you have a story that you'd like to share with the people and you're a queen out there You've done something amazing something Related to business something related to charity or giving back Send us our your staff on our social media at white fair for channel on twitter White fair for underscore channel on instagram and white fair for on facebook And then we'll highlight you right here where Paris is sitting on strength of a woman I go by the name of by moses or it's by one every social media platform So it's a pleasure color me valley is coming up next with gal stock It's a hot topic. You don't want to miss it. Don't go no. I don't touch that now


Tasks in QGIS, Merging Layers The merge tool is used to combine two or more data sets to create a single new data set. In this video, we will merge three city boundaries to create a single regional boundary. With your layers added to your project, select the Processing tab in the top menu bar and select Toolbox. Type the word Merge in the search bar. Beneath Vector General, double-click on the Merge Vector Layers tool to open it. The Merge Vector Layers window will open. Select the Browse icon next to Input Layer. Checkmark the boxes next to the layers you would like to merge and select OK. The Merge tool gives you the option to set your destination CRS. If you do not select a CRS, QGIS will take the CRS from the first input layer. You have the option to save this layer in your desired location by selecting the Browse icon. Save to File or create a temporary layer by skipping this step. Click on Run. The layers have now been merged and added to your layers pane. Click on Close. Take a look at the layers attribute table. You can see that all three layers now reside in a single shape file. If you outputted a temporary layer and would like to save it, you can do so by clicking on the temporary Scratch Layer icon in the Layers pane. The Save Scratch Layer window will open. Ensure the format is set as Reshape File and you can select the Browse icon next to File Name to save it. Give your new layer a File Name and select Save. Select OK when done. For more information on QGIS, visit the UTM Library QGIS playlist.