Can everyone hear me okay? Okay. So howdy. So thanks for coming. This topic's, you know, near and dear to my heart, finding information because I feel like when I started learning Selenium it was really hard to find all the good relevant information given kind of I started out as a beginner. I didn't know much and it wasn't very intuitive how to actually make the path from there to actually becoming functional with the tool. So this is a collection of, this is kind of a two-parter, is a collection of the information that I think is reasonably relevant and also just giving you exposure to some things that are out there to give you a flavor and you know with my opinion on kind of whether or not I think it's worthwhile and then kind of a quick section where I'll filter through some of the things to help you discern given your context if it's a good fit for you or not and then after that I have a short little demo for what I think is probably the most important piece of information that you'll want to take away today. So let's go ahead and dig in. So everything I'm going to talk about has a link. It's just this simple bit.ly link. So it's bit.ly slash sd dash info dash and the number. Each item will have a number. You'll see it. So each of these things I'm going to talk about they're going to have a little heading. So I try to group these logically for you guys. So in terms of documentation and tips. So we'll start with kind of the obvious place that most people start which is the Selenium HQ website.  You just kind of have to get the hang of it to know how to navigate it and find what you need. And I think it's worth mentioning just because it does have a bunch of examples in different languages not just one specific language. So it's worth at least looking through. So I think that in terms of the official site stuff for Selenium the wiki is actually really really good because it has a lot of the documentation that I've used over the years like language bindings for every language they're on the Selenium wiki and they're pretty robust. So it has a lot of just you know the basics and good intermediate stuff at least in my experience for the Ruby stuff I haven't done too much with other language findings. So Selenium wiki is a good one. And then there's my tip newsletter Elemental Selenium. Every week I publish a tip and it ranges from beginner up to advanced topics. Everything having to do with actually writing Selenium code dealing with proxy servers coming up with a test strategy and everything in between. So that's also available. In terms of other things stepping into blogs there's the official Selenium blog and that's kind of where news gets announced. There's not usually much in the way of good tactical information but when you know like when Selenium comp was announced it would be here. The big announcement was made here on this on this blog. Anything to do with Selenium 3 and and so it's a good resource just to kind of keep abreast of what's actually happening in the community. Next up there's actually there's a lot of blogs. So I found somebody that actually aggregated all the blogs or at least I say all in quotes because there's likely plenty more blogs that I know about so but this is a good place to start to get a sense of who has what blog and specifically web driver blogs. In terms of forums there's kind of the standard fare of things. There's a LinkedIn forum. I tend to not pay too much attention to the LinkedIn forum except to go and try and answer questions but I don't really feel like there's a good sense of community. I feel like there's basically people posting questions and not reading the comments. So I actually get a little frustrated looking at LinkedIn forums but it's worth knowing about because sometimes there are some good nuggets of information in there. But most stuff I think people probably look towards is Stack Overflow and Stack Overflow has something like 15,000 tagged open issues or open threads and I tend to go through there and try to find the ones that are unanswered or only partially answered or answered for one language and try to fill in the blanks and so I think that's a pretty good resource. Probably of the forums that's the better of the resources. There's also Quora. I mentioned it only because I have high hopes for Quora. There's some good questions out there that are not well answered yet. So it's on my list. It's just low on my list but there are some good stuff out there too. So it's worth at least kind of getting you exposure to it. So back to kind of more mainstream stuff for the Selenium project itself. There's some mailing lists to know about. There's the Selenium users group on Google. That's also kind of noisy but it's a good place to kind of go and dig for some information too. This is more of like if you can't find it on Stack Overflow, you probably could find it in the user group. And then there's the developer Google group which is more for actually extending and building out functionality features and addressing open bugs and that kind of stuff. And then a little bit off the beaten path, there's the Agile Testing Yahoo group and that's not to say there's anything really tactical in it. There's nothing Selenium specific in this group but it's a good grouping of people in the testing community and it's more of like a philosophical approach and more of a strategic approach. But it's like all the kind of industry giants that go to all the conferences and wrote all the books hang out in this mailing list. And so it's a great source of inspiration and encouragement and that's what I looked at quite a bit when I was starting out doing testing. Beyond that, this was all kind of online stuff on the left and there's some other stuff now that we dig into kind of the in-person options or just meetups in general. So I started this online meetup, entirely online meetup called the Selenium Hangout and I co-organized it with David Burns who is one of the core committers of the Selenium project. And so we basically we hop on Google Hangout like once a month, every once in a while and we talk about a specific topic and we bring in people from the community to chat with them and we live stream it and then get feedback from people and questions and try to really engage with the community and answer and address any issues and that kind of stuff. I actually refer to it as the world's greatest meetup because it's everywhere all at once. So it's worth checking out. But beyond that, there's actually a ton of options for in-person Selenium meetups. There's not any that I know of in India which I think is a great opportunity for you to start your own. There's a blog post that Sauce Labs has on how to actually start your own. Kind of a good guideline for things to think about, how to source a venue, how to actually get sponsors to pay for food and drink, how to get good speakers and that kind of thing. So I definitely encourage people to do their own meetup. So the Selenium Hangout is actually my third meetup I've ever organized and it's been like the best thing I could think of in terms of, you know, stoking the fire of community and really engaging with other people around you and like learning so much so quickly. So there's also videos on YouTube. There's actually Selenium Comp videos from the previous years and I'm assuming this is where this conference's videos, conference videos are going to end up. So it's worth looking at that too. There's also meetup talks. Some of them are pretty old and some of them are more recent. It really depends on if people tag appropriately. So I just searched on YouTube based on tagging and found like hundreds of meetup talk videos. So that's a good resource. So books. There are actually a good amount of books and there's ones I don't know about or just learned about that I haven't had a chance to read so I'm not even going to mention them but the ones that I do know of, Selenium 2 Testing Tools. This is David Burns' book which is the, this is a sequel because he had one for like Selenium 1 Testing Tools which was probably for Selenium RC. So this is for WebDriver and it is a really good book. It's like the book that I constantly recommend to people. It's very comprehensive. It starts from soup to nuts. It covers ID, goes all the way up through to a grid and it has all the best practices that I look for when I do test automation. So that's a good resource. I believe his book is mostly Java. I say that because I think he also had some C-sharp code in there but it's a good resource regardless of the language in my opinion. And then there's Selenium 2 Testing Tools cookbook which I haven't finished reading but from what I've read of it I think it's a great book and it has a lot of good kind of more advanced things to apply to your testing projects. Then I also wrote a book called The Slam Guidebook. The one complaint David Burns told me when he actually published his book and got people reading it was that his book didn't teach people to program. That's a tall order to include in a book about Selenium to also teach someone a program. So you'd have to be crazy to try to accomplish that in a book. So I did that. So my book also teaches you enough, like the programming concepts you need to know as well as a test strategy and steps through the whole life cycle of building out, starting from one test all the way to a fully scaled, parallelized cloud execution that's plugged into continuous integration. So that's available as well. And then Selenium Simplified. This is a good resource because it's more than just a book. He actually has several books. Evil Tester I believe Alan Richardson. And so he actually has Java for testers. He has a book for Selenium RC but he has this more recently published set of videos, which are very comprehensive. So it's the closest thing I can find. It's the equivalent of what my book is but my books in Ruby, his is in Java. So I think his video is what video course looks pretty promising. And then for people that aren't aren't knowledgeable about Java, he has Java for testers, which is a good book to kind of get people ramped up. So Selenium Simplified. And I actually think they sponsored lunch yesterday. So thanks for lunch. And there's a new book coming out, which I'm super excited about. So Dima Covalenko, he did the Selenium Grid talk in the Selenium Grid workshop. So you might have already seen him or met him. But he wrote this book, Selenium Design Patterns and Best Practices. And I was a technical reviewer for the book. And I think it's a tremendous resource for both beginners and more advanced people. There's a lot of really good stuff in there. And his approach is just so spot on. So I think there's the last of this, which is worth telling you about, where I think are the good things, where you'll find kind of the real meat of the information that's out there. And so the Selenium Issue Tracker is is kind of important, right? Like if you ever start writing a test, and you it should just work how you think it works. And then it doesn't. It's easy enough to go into the Issue Tracker and kind of search around to see if there is a bug. And nine times out of 10, in my experience, it's easy to find, oh, there is a bug. There is an open issue for something. And then if there's not, you can submit an issue. But before you do, I think it's worth reading a blog post from Jim Evans on how to submit an effective issue and what that entails. Because sometimes, most times, I guess it depends, but it could be something specific to your app, something specific to your setup. And this kind of helps distill that down to make sure that you're providing enough information to help the person who would look at the issue, debug it, and be able to actually effectively fix and help you actually address your issue. Aside from that, the actual source code on Google Code has a bunch of stuff beyond just the source code, like links to other things within the project on Google. But the source code is kind of where I like to go just to understand if there's a way to do something that's not easily understood through the documentation. Because the bindings are only going to cover so much. The bindings documentation will only cover so much. But the source code is kind of the single source truth. But what I think is probably the most important resource is the Selenium IRC chat channel. It's where all the committers, a bunch of people who actively work using Selenium, they hang out on this chat channel. And this were things about the project it talked about, where releases happen, where people can go and ask questions of people in the community. It's like the single best place I can think of. It's like if you have a question and you're frustrated trying to Google for an answer, or you don't see something in the issue track, or you're not sure what to do, you feel overwhelmed, you don't have to because you can just log into the IRC chat channel and just ask your question. And somebody will just wait and eventually someone will ask your question to help you out. So these are all the resources that I know of. There's no way that I can possibly have a comprehensive list, but these are the things that I've looked at that have helped me along my way. And so to kind of help filter, I try to look at things through a lens of getting started and then people who are further on their way. So in terms of if you're more of a beginner in the getting started phase, that kind of help, there's a couple things that get filtered out here. So like the testing tools cookbook has some more advanced stuff going on. You know, dealing with source code and issue tracker may not actually be something that you're going to want to really deal with, and then the developer group is clearly not something you're going to want to dig into. But documentation and tips, logs, a lot of the forms, those will be super helpful. My guidance would be if you're going to look to buy a book and figure out which language you're going to use and then pick one. The Slime2 testing tools, Java, SlimeCypify is Java. My book and Dima's book are in Ruby. I'll caveat that with I think that the concepts and practices are kind of our language agnostic. So the reason to get the book is to really see and get guidance on technical and tactical implementation. So other than that, like the videos are always a tremendous resource. And meetups are probably beyond that the next best thing. So if you guys have access to meetups or want to start a meetup, I think that's a great one too. In terms of more intermediate to advanced, there's a few I want to highlight. I think that if you're looking to kind of really dig in, the testing tools cookbook would have some good stuff in there to kind of help up your game. The developer group is a good resource. And then on my tip newsletter, I actually have a series of advanced posts that I'm slowly adding to you. So there's probably like a half dozen so far. And then beyond that, digging through the source code, going on the IRC chat channel, I feel like the IRC chat channel is blanket for everybody. It's useful regardless of your skill level. So I just wanted to, before we kind of move on and get into potentially questions, I want to close with just a quick little video. I'll show you how easy it is to connect to the IRC chat channel. So IRC, it's internet relay chat. It's like an old school chat mechanism. And there's a bunch of different ways you can connect to it. You can actually download a client and configure it. Or you can go through a web app to do it. The Selenium IRC chat channel is on the FreeNode server. And once you connect, it's just pound Selenium. Every chat channel starts with a pound. And then, ta-da, you'll be magically there. So this is just a quick video of showing how to, there we go. So you have to choose a nickname. And then after that, you plug in the channel name. And this is just the one that comes for web chat. So plug in the capture, hit connect because it does its thing. And this will auto connect you to the chat channel. And then after you're in here, if you want to see who broke the build, you could just type in who broke it and it'll tell you Simon Stewart. So I think he always breaks the build. I think that's always gonna be the answer. So that's, I would say that if I can just beat one horse, one piece of information over and over and hopefully impart you with one thing that you're gonna take away and definitely do, it would be connect to the IRC chat channel and just get familiar with it. And just keep that in your back pocket. Cause that's the, I think the most underused thing that's the most potent of all the things that you could do. Cause the people in there will help point you in directions to help you find information as well. So it's been probably the single greatest resource I've found besides coming to this conference. So that's pretty much it. So I will post the slides and tweet about it. But I clearly think that there's things I don't know about that you guys do. So if you think I missed something or have just something you want to share, I'd love to hear about it. So I'd love you guys to get in touch. So I'm gonna tweet about the slides after I post them on SlideShare. And then you can email me directly and you can check out my site where it has kind of everything I'm working on. Also there's a link to my office hours. Every week I have open office hours. So two hours a week has had aside 30 minute sessions to hop on a call. So any questions about testing, whatever, you can schedule a time with me and then I'll hop on a call and we'll talk about it. And if it's like, it could be pair programming, it could just be chatting about something and that's it. I can help as available as I can to the community because I'm just trying to help as best as I can. So that's it, any questions? Can you see that one more time? Sorry, I couldn't hear you that well. Oh, so in terms of other testing tools, so the question is, is there any sort of resource that I know of that puts Selenium into a broader context? I think that there's like how it fits into like a overall strategy for tech. I think that the best way you'll find that is like talks like Nuresh's talk earlier today about inverting the testing pyramid. So I don't think there's a lot of good resources about this, but I think it's a big challenge that organizations have.  But what normally happens is, yeah, companies want to just automate everything using Selenium potentially and I think that that's very dangerous or they see that it worked for this one case, so let's do it for all cases. But having kind of a good understanding of what Selenium is really good at and how that's like when it's done in small doses, it's more effective and it's easier to maintain and then slowly growing and over time. I haven't found one killer resource that just says that. Aside from, I mean, I write about it in my book and I write about it on my tip newsletter a little bit, talking about testing strategy and focusing on certain things to understand about your business and how these fit, but I don't think anyone's really nailed it yet. So it's just, I just kind of, I have experience to know how it works, but I have no resource to point people to, unfortunately. Yes? It's an official Selenium blog, but now it's not being updated as often like in the last four months, we've got only two updates. And it was a very good resource to get in feeds of different things. Are you talking about the smattering of Selenium, the blog posts that Adam Gautra would do? Yeah, it was like every, so your question is like, why are there not regular updates about what's going on in the industry? Yeah, so yeah, I think that, well, the Selenium community is just a series of actions by interested parties and the person who is doing that took a full-time job that's very demanding. And so my impression of the situation is that it's just something that isn't getting done because he was the only one doing it. But I definitely think that there's value in doing it. So it's just a matter of figuring out how to do it and paying attention to it. So I could see it coming back. But for right now, the best thing, the most, the closest equivalent is when we do a Selenium Hangout and we post the recap, the meeting minutes from that plus the video. So that's like, because we talk about general news when we do those, but we haven't been regular about those either. Just because with the W3C SPAC, David Burns is really busy, plus he works at Mozilla, so he's pretty busy. And then with my travel schedule for conferences and whatnot. But it's a, those are lame excuses. So I think that there should be more regular updates. So if not the Hangout and doing something like the smattering, that would be a good thing to bring back. Yeah. I'm now an HTML unit driver and it may be deprecated. That's what I heard. What would be deprecated? HTML unit driver. Oh, HTML unit driver, okay. So the interesting thing is, how do you hope, how do you keep us updated? What might go away for the future? So the question is, how do we keep the community updated with what might be going away and be deprecated and so on. So aside from, I guess the blog would be one place that you'd potentially see that kind of news if it's a big change. Short of that, there's a change blog and then there's State of the Union that Simon does every year about changes. I'm trying to think of, do you have any other thoughts, Jim? On the Google group, that would be the best place to find that information. Yeah, as opposed to being surprised when you download the latest. I'm feeling like what happened? Okay, yeah. Did I answer your question? Okay, great. Any other questions? You said you were gonna ask a question. Say, how do you register the Hangouts and what's the? Oh, so the Hangouts, there's no registration. Your account to follow and we've published the link there and then you just hop on a YouTube live channel and just watch it and then you submit feedback and chat with us. We're thinking about different formats potentially too but that's the best place to go. And then if people have questions we have an email address and stuff like that. But it's really late wait. So, what time is it right now? I don't know what time it is, the Hangouts are right here. I've never gone in there. So the times that we typically do, we try to, first off it has to both work for us, clearly. But we try to schedule it where it's reasonable for, probably not Australia. So, sorry. So we do it at four in the morning our time so no, I'm just kidding. We don't usually. So we've done it typically where it works for West Coast, so the San Francisco all the way through to the UK. So it's like cover at least that wide of a swath. And then we've toyed with trying to do later hours that could at least accommodate 12 hour time differences. So we're still toying around with it and every time we just try something new and we try to gauge feedback. So, but the video gets posted after. So it's always available and we always do the meeting minutes. And so if you go on the SlendimHQ blog you can see all the blog posts from the last five hangouts that we've had. And then that's just, yeah. So it's always there. If you miss it, you get a recap. Yeah. So the Twitter account for it is at SlendimHangout. Yeah, and so the link that, once I post these slides, you'll see it. But there's a blog post that describes kind of the whole format and the links to the Twitter handle and all that. So, yep. Okay, I guess one more question or no more questions. Cool, all right. Thanks, everybody.


The Stop COVID-Dets shorts make it easier for you to go to the presentations that you are interested in. I'm Dr. Raymond Sarmiento, Director of the National Telehealth Center. And I'm Dr. Susy Pineda Mercado, Adjunct Faculty of the National Telehealth Center. Together, let's stop COVID-Dets. True love lasts forever. Toto ba yan? May forever nga ba? Well, for some, yes. But immunity to COVID-19 vaccines will not last forever. Sorry, ah. Anyway, but let me define first at least these two terms, the primary series of vaccines versus the booster. By primary series of vaccines, we mean the dose and number of doses determined usually during clinical trials. Ito po yung data that will show na ito yung optimal. So the series of vaccine doses, pwede yung one lang or two to four doses, mahabano yung four, to reach full effectiveness of these vaccines. So if you remember or if you know, my children kayo, grand children, ang OPV for polyo requires three doses, MMR two doses, yung flu vaccine, but for the COVID vaccines that we have available right now, isa lang pwede yung merong one dose na binibigay and all others will require two doses. So now, we move to defining what is a booster dose, at least for this presentation, we refer to a third dose or additional dose to the primary series. So nabigyan na nung nando na, nag-load, alawa, then we add another one. So for some vaccines, a booster dose is needed months or years after the primary dose to refresh the immune system's memory and maintain protection. So ito mga naka-examples po dito, merong po talaga mga booster doses yan, but for COVID-19, do we need boosters? Masasagot po natin yan mamaya. So just to give you an idea, ito po yung four routine vaccines. Mahikita nyo, may mga cheetah, ilang doses ba yan? And then after so many months or many years, you have boosters. Kasi partial protection or maybe even no protection yet after one dose, which we just call priming dose, two to three dose primary series, and then you get higher or full protection after completion of what we call the primary series, but which will vary for different vaccine antigens. Okay. So let us understand why some will require boosters, others will not. So there is individual variation in immune response to vaccination. So I have listed here a number of these factors. So ang unong-unong siguro is intrinsic host factor, show age. Tino ba ang mas madaling mga generate ng Indian response? The younger, the middle age or the older sex, na genetics of the immune response, then those who have comorbidities or are immunocompromised may have lower immune responses and then we do have our behavioral as well as nutritional factors. Now, this is only for children or may mga factors din to consider. Among the extrinsic factors, we also have to consider, for example, pre-existing immunity. In the case of COVID, we have to look at natural immunity nung na COVID and then do we give vaccine pa ba or what do we do? And then these are for the host factors. These are for vaccine and administration factors. So we have to look at different vaccine types, the product, the vaccine itself, kumero silang adjuvant or what the dose, yung concentration of antigen in that formulation. And then the number of doses in the primary series and especially the interval between doses. You will see later, two weeks ba ang interval between the first and second doses? May three weeks, may four weeks, may eight to 12 weeks, may nilong pang ibang vaccines, not for COVID. Five to six months or longer. So these factors will make your immune responses vary. So iba-iba. So we're looking at different equality and types of antibody responses. For instance, so may na tayong tinotaw na IGM, IGA, IGG, may na tayong neutralizing, versus na neutralizing antibodies. We also look at cell-mediated immunity. May na tayong T-helper, may na tayong killer or cytotoxic T-cells. Not just na quality, but we had to look at na quantity. Ganu ka dami yung elicit na immune response na nyo. For antibodies, we're always looking at tighter. So ito yung magnitude. Mas mataas na tighter, of course, better. And that translates to a longer duration of immunity which could be weeks, months or years. Now, this is something I will explain again some more later, but over time, n with two or three or four boosters or doses, there will be an increase. This is an immunologic phenomenon, or immunologic, based on immunologic principles. There will be increase in potency, avidity to yung total binding ng antibody sa lahat ng mga antigenic epitopes na isang virus, for instance, yung affinity maturation, nagmamatured din yung strength ng binding niya habang tumatagan yung interval from the time you get the vaccine, and increasing the breath of the immune response, meaning nagiging broadly reactive yung antibodies. Okay, siguro, I'll just explain in more detail what does dosage requirement mean. So yung number of doses kasi major ibanga, for primary immunization, example kudito is for COVID. So for one dose meron tayo yung yansen, this one dose may provide enough immunity and afford up to 70% protection. So you see this graph here, pag one dose, this is what sort of antibody response you will get. But for other COVID vaccines, they will require two doses, like Pfizer, Moderna, Sputnik, Sinova, Simutaba. Okay, baka may nakalimutan ako. So pag mag-second dose ka, that will shoot up, I will explain again, dahil meron tayo yung memory response, satisfactorily secondary response. So one dose versus two doses. The spacing between doses as I already explained earlier will also be important. So different vaccines use different schedules. Yung three weeks ang Pfizer and Sputnik, I think have yung interval of three weeks in the first and second doses. Ang four weeks apart ay yung Sinova, Moderna, po-vaccine, I think. And then AstraZeneca ang hasd data on the longest interval, four weeks to 12 weeks. So actually, AstraZeneca gave data on the higher levels of antibodies when the interval between the first and second doses was longer, up to 12 weeks. Actually, mayro pa silang ibang data na longer than 12 weeks na mas mataas pa yung antibody response. So thus, the need for booster doses after primary series will depend on the duration of immunity, which could win in months or in years. If short-lived immunity, we may need to be boosters. So ito yung patinotoro po sa mga estudianto, I think a lot of your healthcare workers here, you enter into the immunology class. So ito yung primary versus secondary immune response. Ito yung first exposure, first dose sa inyo. So we call that the primary response, which is short lasting, mabili siyang bababa. It is smaller in magnitude, mas mababa yung level of antibodies. But that is the time when the switch from what we call IGN to IGG would occur. So maguumpis na yung pinatawag natin memory response. So now when we give the second dose, yan yung secondary response. So mayro tayong na generate na memory cells from the first dose. So the memory cells developed from primary response are activated very quickly. So makikita nyo dito in a, siguro a few days, five to seven days, papa nikagad yung mga antibodies niya. Mabilis ang response na yan. So faster response, also more pronounced, makikita nyo, mas mataas, taas, taas ng taito, higher magnitude or taito of antibodies at mas mataas, noong gerang duration ng immunity. And repeated exposure, you may have a second, a third, a fourth, leads to faster, stronger response, more effective at limiting the infection. Yan mga antibodies na yan. Sambaga leg, no? They come from the B cells which become plasma cells. So this is a little technical, but what I want you to appreciate here is ito mga antibodies na to galinga sa B cells. So the level of antibodies you get will depend on how many B cells divide into so many plasma cells later para to produce those antibodies. So mayan tayong tinatawag na clonal expansion. Ito yung clone ng nga re against one antigen of the COVID, of the spike, for instance, mag-clonally expand yan so dadami. Ito sabi ng clonal expansion, yung isa, yung isang B cell magiging galawa, yung galawa magiging apa, twalo. It is exponential. Then as you go along, so, ba una ang dito yung recognition. Marerecognize mo na ng B cell yung antigen, let us say the spike. Then ma-activate siya to clonally proliferate, dadame. Kaya din ay nyo, padami ng padami yan, expand ng expand. And what we have seen is more B cells clonally expand with time and with longer interval between doses. So more plasma cells will be there, will be dividing, and therefore the plasma cells are the ones producing the antibodies.  So parang di sa tao, habang nag-mama-mature, nag-tatagala. Yung affinity of binding of the antibody to the viral antigen and the manager generate the memory. So you see sabi ko, more antibodies produce stronger affinity. Therefore, there is wisdom in waiting for the right time to boost. Hindi po pwede, agad-agad. Yeah. This is another may detective or this is light, but what I want also you to understand is ito po mga vaccines natin, usually ang meron tayo, either the whole, virus, inactivated vaccine or the spike. But within the spike alone, marami poong tinatawag na B-cell antigenic epitopes. So hindi lang po isa yan, marami yung. At ang araw yan, kaya nga po, nagkakaroon ng immune evasions or variants, kasi na iibah yung mga antigens na yung dahil do sa mga mutations na yung. But without the mutations mo na, there are so many such B-cell epitopes, so marami. And that means, ito na, there are so many depicted here by different colors of antigens. And for each antigenic epitope, there will be an antibody that will be generated against that. So this is a very good article that was recently published as a print, pero towantawa kasi actually there are many such publications on other vaccines. What this is showing here is ito yung wang et al just released September 5. The profiles of antibodies from those who received three doses, those who received two doses, and those who had your antibodies after they recovered from COVID with yung convalescent sira. So these antibodies were dissected very, very comprehensively. So what did that show? Doon sa after the third dose, nito napapakita yung mga two doses, yung naka-received ng third dose, they produce a highly sifted humoral immune response. So merong po na e-evode na antibodies, yung ka sabi ko nga, ay ba yung mga antibodies na yung? That showed better neutralization drug, so mga as marame, especially also seen against the variance of concern. They also of course showed quick memory response and yung higher titer dahil boosting long lasting immune response in warding of COVID-19. So actually they were able to analyze, napakarami po nito, hindi top madalin ianalyze, 171 complex structures of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies which identified ito, kung maray ito, iba ibayon zila. Identified structure activity correlates, so yung nakakabit na mga antigen at antibody pinag-aralang pumabuti ang, that revealed very potent variant of concern, resistant and broad-spectrum antigenic patches. So ito po ay medyo technical, pero ito po atitotorong atin sa immunology sa graduate school. Telaga po yung mga antibodies ay na iba-iba over time. There is a lot of memory B-cell clonal turnover. So yung siguro yung antibody composition changes in the B-cell repertoire which is driven by prolonged, repeated antigenic stimulation such as what you will find after a serb dose or an additional dose. So given that to boost or not to boost that is the big question. Angan ngayon, balika natin, ito na dito na kayo. Some of you may have received one dose. Some of you may have received two doses. So ito immune response better. Sinabi po na that the interval the longer the interval between the two doses better. But pignanin nyo kung yung second dose nyo pababana umas mababa pa then you have to consider a booster. Then there you have some considerations for boosters so waning immunity ba? We are loping at race groups sila yung talagang mas malimit maaga, magwain ng immunity the elderly the immunocompromise but not just the waning immunity but those are very high exposure risk. Yung mga talagang to meeting yung mga COVID patients or yung mga frontliners kailangan makita lahat yun. Then we have to look at the epidemiology of breakthrough cases over time and the disease, severity so pang may mga variance then performance we also have to look at the data nung mga vaccines for COVID. Kumaya data sila on how they will perform or have performed so yung looking at the safety and immunogenicity not just the immunogenicity do mommy ba yung antibody but is a third dose safe titignan din po natin nga and then ready bang magmix and match and you mix and match yung first first two doses are one platform and then the booster the third would be another platform and then there are also recent studies on dose sparing or lower doses given as boosters for instance na yung isan vaccine kilang kalahati lang nung dose na binibigay sa primary series ang binigay sa booster and that was also very good so question is what is the optimal timing for boosters is it 6 months 8 months 12 months it will depend so sorry na medyo anti-climatic ang aking ang aking last slide but despite saying all that we have to remember that the WHO official say that the scientific justification for boosters remains anti ang dami po dapat tino-consider so director general Tedros acknowledge that third doses might be necessary for at-risk groups but he said we do not want to see widespread use of boosters for healthy people and who are fully vaccinated the WHO target is for all countries to vaccinate at least 40% of their people by year's end and in fact the WHO called for a global moratorium on booster doses at least na initially until the end of September lapit na puno ang pero ang bababa parin ang global immunization coverage so this was later moved to end of 2021 to prioritize vaccinating the most at-risk people around the world who are yet to receive their first dose and just to give you an idea of the countries who are planning on giving boosters or are already giving boosters we have listed Israel nasa third dose ila although narin nito gusto pa nila mag forth dose US UK Czech Republic Germany France Thailand Indonesia China Cambodia so with that we hope that you learn this much as we did from that excellent presentation we also hope that you will join us every Friday from 12 noon to 2pm manila time on zoom facebook or youtube so stay safe stay connected and see you online


So let's get started because I think we are behind on time a little bit, so we'll go fast here. If you're here, it is because you want to listen to their street tracks. So we're going to be talking about marrying Terraform and Argo CD and see what child will come out of it. My name is Carlos Santana. I don't play the guitar, but I play Kubernetes. I'm a senior specialist essay at AWS. I'm also a CNCF ambassador and Nick. I'm Nicholas Moria, developer advocate and recovering platform engineer from Acuity. Great. So let's get started with the storytelling. So I work with a lot of end users in the enterprise business, and Kubernetes has a lot of tools. So you are in ArgoCon. We'll be talking about ArgoCon, which is one of the continuous delivery tools. There's also our builds and integration tools, our CI tools, but there's this one that we don't talk a lot about the infrastructure as code, which is the tools that you configure your cloud infrastructure tools or resources to work with Kubernetes. So we have this trifecta of CI, CD, and then infrastructure as code, and everybody tries to do it efficiently and try to do it in an innovative way and solving issues and putting it in open source. For today, this pattern is applicable to any of the infrastructure as code, cross-plane, CDK, Ansible. But for today, we're going to concentrate on see how do we make Terraform work with ArgoCD in a better way when we talk about Kubernetes, right? So who here have deployed Kubernetes with Terraform?  Who here have deployed apps with ArgoCD? OK, good. Pass. Third one, who has problems with Terraform and GitOps? OK, so you are in the right talk. So when we work with Terraform, usually it's to create the cloud resources that we need for our Kubernetes cluster. For example, in a cloud provider myself, I work in AWS, a lot of folks use Terraform to create IDKS cluster, mainly a control plane. But since they want to do automation everything, the platform team goes ahead and installs the add-ons, the help charts that are needed for that cluster and the next cluster and the next cluster. And they install help charts and add-ons such as external DNS, the ingress controller, cert manager, load balancer. I have end users installing almost 40 help charts from Terraform. And I think we can do better than that. In terms of managing help, in Terraform it's kind of a little bit difficult because you have your TF state that leaves outside the Kubernetes cluster. And then you have the state that is reconciling inside Kubernetes. So the idea is we want to move the help install and the help management and say, which version of the help chart or the add-on gets installed? What are the various YAML files that get installed? You want to do that in Git. You want to do that in YAML. And you want to organize it by clusters. But the problem is there's some metadata that these help charts need, these add-ons in help. Metadata such as the workload identity, AIM roles in your formula with Ursa, SQS URLs for Carpenter, domain names for filter insert external DNS, or IP addresses that Nick is going to talk about for NGINX, for example, external IPs. But then how do we get that metadata into Argo CD when we install the help charts that we want to put in there? We want to stop putting that information in Kubernetes or through Kubernetes installing the help charts, but we need something in the middle. And usually, people have different patterns. And some folks actually have solved this from the research that we have done. They have done it, but they have not put it in open source or make it a pattern, a repeatable pattern. So what we did was we created a GitHub repo, GitHub org, and we started putting patterns in there, me and Nick, on creating, like, how do we do infrastructure code? How do we pass this metadata? So we created an org called the GitHub Bridge. And basically, the GitHub Bridge, what it does, it takes that metadata, and it puts that metadata into the Argo CD cluster secret. And that's the cluster secret that the previous talk was talking about. That is the representation of a cluster where we mode cluster in Argo CD. So we put that information into the annotations, for example, of that metadata. And we also put the labels, which represent things about the cluster, like what is the environment, staging versus prod? Or what is the region, for example? Or which atoms do I enable in this cluster? So there's different ways of getting that information from Thetaform into that cluster secret. One of them, which helps some organization, is have Thetaform use the Git provider or GitHub provider, and put the files in Git. Another one is, you saw the previous talk about using the Argo CD API to talk to it, to create that secret. And we're going to show that example. Also external secret. So when you have Hub and Spoke, and you have 50, 100 clusters that remote, that they don't have Argo CD, then you just need to create a secret. That's the only thing that you have to create. And external secret operator, it can help there also to create that secret if you have that pattern. And the last one that Nick is going to show a demo is Acuity can register clusters in their platform. And as they register that cluster, they will create the labels and annotation on that cluster into Acuity. And then the next thing is, and what we're using in application sets. We're using the power of application sets. And Nick is going to show that on how we use application set, but who installs the application sets? It's kind of the chicken and the egg. We couldn't go any talk about talking about Thetaform and Argo CD without chicken and the egg, but here it is. You use the apps of app patterns. So in this case, it's the app to deploy application sets. And in large organizations, they have problems managing so many application jambles that they discover or they realize that the best way to generate these apps is using application sets in Argo CD. So we need the bootstrap. And you go with the same concept of this bootstrap app is going to create the application sets. The same thing, you can use Git, you can use Argo CD, or you can go directly into Kubernetes API. The word is not perfect, but at least you're not installing the home charts from Thetaform. And then the other pattern is, who manages Argo CD? If I need to tweak Argo CD, do I do it from Thetaform? Or do I do it from Git? So Argo CD itself is an add-on that you can manage from Git. So let's take a look at the first demo. The first demo is I have an EKS cluster that is sitting in AWS. I just want to deploy the cluster with Thetaform and install Argo CD, a seed Argo CD, and install all the home charts or all the add-ons through the GitOS bridge. So with that, let's show you a little bit of Thetaform. Do not run out the door. I'm going to show Thetaform. So the GitOS bridge, this is an example that we have. We have multiple patterns. We have Thetaform and GitOps. And we're building the GitOS bridge. Under Thetaform, we have three examples, EKS with Acuity, EKS with Argo CD. Nick is going to show the other ones for the other cloud provider. I'm going to show the most simple one that is Argo CD sitting inside the cluster instead of in the Acuity. In here, as you can see, typically you create a VPC.D.TF. That's normal. And then the EKS cluster, which uses this module. That is very popular where people do EKS. This is an open-source module. And you create your cluster like that. And then we go into variables to make this example simple, which we have here a variable called add-ons. Then you select in here how many add-ons you want in this cluster.  You need, right? It's not that you want, but you need to install, as a platform team, you're in charge of these add-ons. Maybe the application team deploys the app. But you, as a platform team, are in charge of the cluster and the add-ons on those clusters. So you will enable things like cert manager. You need that metadata. CloudWatch metrics, external DNS. In this case, I'm installing all of this. If you want to install Carpenter or, in this case, I'm installing the AWS Ingress. What else? Metric server, Kubernetes. These are the open-source ones that you can choose of not putting it in here. So we have all the ones that, but this, all of this, you got some cloud metadata. So all of them you just put enable through or false. And then at the bottom, I have a few examples of open-source, like Argo Events. Who uses Argo Events? Argo Workflows. Who uses Argo Workflows? Couple of you. So you use them, install them for the app team to use them. GPU operator, you're doing AI.  My team has a project called the EKS, let me show you. I'm assuming the EKS Blueprints. And anyone using the EKS Blueprints? OK, a couple of you. So recently, we added this new variable, which I wanted to call stop-terra-form from installing Helm charts using the Helm provider resources. But that was too long. So we make them create Kubernetes resources because false. And basically it says, do not do the Helm installation, but do the cloud resources. So it will create the resources, give me back the metadata, the area enroll, the SQS URLs. Like usually it's for Irsa. And then you enable all of them here. We have a bunch of them. The output I take into cluster metadata. So that would be annotations. And then the labels on and off, or maybe the environment, if this cluster is dead versus staging, or the version of Kubernetes. Sometimes you need the version of Kubernetes in the Helm chart. For example, the Kubernetes autoscaler, you need a specific image based on the version of Kubernetes. That's kind of tricky to do in Helm. So you put it here. So labels that help you group clusters and any other information. And then this module that we created, it's a very simple one. It's called the Github Bridge Bootstrap. It installs argocd and creates the secret. So if we go to that one, it's sitting in GitHub in here. It's called, the organization is the Github Bridge Dev. We're trying to get Github Bridge because somebody is parking on it. But this is the Terraform module that we plan to put in the Terraform registry. It uses Helm. So here's the witness. We use Helm, but it's only for the argocd seed to install it if that's your use case. If you use an equity, you don't need this. And then you install argocd, and then you can use the argocd Terraform provider or you can put it in the secret. So in the secret down here, where is the Kubernetes secret? So I'll be talking to the Kubernetes secret. And I put the annotations, which are the metadata and the labels. So with those two things in the cluster secret, we can use the application set cluster generator. Anyone familiar with the argocd application set cluster generator? A couple of you. So that's what Nick is going to show. So basically you Terraform apply this folder. You get all the add-ons installed from argocd. And then in Terraform, the only thing that Terraform is in charge is creating, talking to the AWS API. But this small bootstrap is one of the patterns. And as you can see, we have argocd here with all the add-ons installed, the 13 add-ons out of the box in a very easy way. So with that, I'll give it to you, Nick, to show the second part of this demo. Let me show you. We are here. Go ahead, Nick. So Carlos demonstrated deploying open source argocd into the same cluster that argocd is going to be managing. The next demo that I'm going to demonstrate is having argocd outside of the clusters that you want to manage. So this changes the deployment pattern slightly, but the premise itself should stay the same. So essentially we've got our GKE cluster. So this pattern is cloud agnostic. You've got a Kubernetes cluster and you've got cloud metadata that you want to pass to your applications. Then we have acuity managing our argocd instance and connecting the managed clusters that we're creating with Terraform to argocd, as well as putting in that metadata into the label and annotations of that cluster configuration to make it available to the cluster generator in the application set. Then we ultimately use the argocd module in Terraform to create that initial bootstrap application. And this is always the fun part with bootstrapping is that there's always that one application that you have to create at the start so that you can manage the rest of the applications from Git with argocd. And so we give that responsibility to Terraform to create that initial bootstrap application and then everything after that becomes GitOps. So that's the high level. Let's go into what we're actually working with. So we're talking about GKE, but the premise is the same. We've got a cluster created with Terraform and I can zoom in a bit here. So we've got a cluster created with Terraform, nothing special there. We've got a VPC created and we're creating a static compute address that we ultimately want to pass to an annotation into ingress engine X. So this is that cluster metadata or cloud metadata that Terraform is aware of and argocd needs. So Terraform becomes the source of truth for that metadata and argocd becomes the consumer of it. So that's all the same. What comes next and is different in this one is that we're using the acuity platform to create our argocd instance and this is similar to having a management cluster that runs your argocd instance. So it's outside of the managed clusters that you want to actually deploy resources into. And then we've got our cluster configuration. So this is just as similar as the cluster secret for managing with open source. We've got a cluster resource that we define from that variable that Carlos showed earlier. The labels and annotations that we want to put on to that cluster configuration. And this resource also deploys the acuity agent into the clusters that it can connect back to argocd but it's all the same. We're getting that cluster metadata from Terraform and putting it into somewhere that argocd can get to it which is the cluster configuration. Then I mentioned that bootstrap application. This is the argocd Terraform provider which is currently managed or maintained by a member of the community. But we're using that to talk to the argocd API to deploy that initial bootstrap application. You could just as easily do this with rest calls to the API or using local provisioner to call the argocd CLI. So that's all the Terraform side of it. We've got our cluster metadata, we're putting it in our cluster configuration and we're connecting that cluster to argocd. Let's see what that looks like then from the application set side. So here is that application set that we've been talking so much about here where we're using the clusters generator which will go even zoom and enhance, right? So we've got our cluster generator which has values. These are arbitrary values that we're defining for that generator where we're saying this is the name of the add-on chart or the add-on that we wanna deploy. This is the version of that chart we wanna deploy and this is the repository to pull that chart from. So all of the chart information is still in Git. It's still GitOps, just like you would hope it would be. Then we use selectors to choose which clusters get which add-on. So you saw all of the enable add-on name examples in the Terraform configuration. This is where the selector is checking for that label to determine if we should deploy that add-on to this particular cluster. And so the next piece of special sauce here is that we actually have three cluster generators in this example with a top-level merge generator that's going to bring all of them together. And the advantage of doing this is that we can take that label that we used to define what environment that cluster is in and use that to mutate which chart version, which add-on version we wanna deploy to that particular cluster. So in this example, the default chart version is 113.1 and that gets deployed to any cluster that has the environment label, typically dev or non-staging or prod. And then we've got two other cluster generators, one that's searching for the environment staging and is changing which version of the add-on we wanna deploy to that particular set of clusters. So we've got a slightly older version and then prods running a really old version, classic story. But this is how you can determine which version of an add-on you wanna get deployed to which set of clusters using the labels that we put on that cluster configuration. Then we set the name and the sources deterministically, but the next special part is that we set the values files that we want to pass to that add-on chart. And we do it in a very particular way to add layers to these values. So first off, we say ignore missing values files. If we haven't set a specific values file that overrides the defaults, then don't worry about it, just continue on. But the important part here is that we have three layers of values files. We have the environment's base, which is the default for any cluster that's going to get that cluster add-on is going to get these values for that chart. Then we layer on top of that the values file that is specific to the environment that it's running in and we're pulling that from the, can I move over? We're pulling that from the metadata from the cluster configuration here. So we're saying from the metadata dot labels of the cluster configuration, determine which environment, use that values file for that add-on. And then finally, we say if we have a cluster that's a little special, it's a unicorn, it's not like the rest of them in that environment, you can add overrides for that add-on using this values file that is specific to that cluster. So if there's nothing specific to that cluster, just don't create that values file and it'll use what's determined from the base and the environment that that cluster is in. And then finally, we take, I was talking about getting that cluster metadata that's determined by Terraform and putting it into the values file. We've finally gotten to that point. So that annotation that Terraform is adding to the cluster configuration with the IAM role that we wanna run to pass to the values of this Helm chart. We're adding it here from that cluster configuration. So the application set cluster generator pulls that information from the cluster configuration and we can use that in templating the applications. So we'll step back and see what that actually looks like. So I've got my Argo CD instances here. If I go to my GetOps bridge and I look at my cluster configuration, we can see that this cluster has all the labels and annotations determined by Terraform on it, which includes things like which add-ons we want to deploy to it, the cluster name, anything that we wanna use in the applications. And then ultimately that looks like this where we've got our bootstrap workload here that wrong application I want bootstrap add-ons. So we've got our bootstrap add-on, which is that application deployed by the Argo CD provider in Terraform. And then it creates all the application sets. So there's like something like 30 or 50 in here, but you'll notice only one of them is actually producing an application. And that's because that's the only one that the cluster has a label saying, I want this one deployed to this cluster and that that application is taking advantage of the metadata that we put into the cluster configuration to take something only known to Terraform and use it in the values file for that Helm chart. I think that's the whole demo. And now, so that's the whole premise. If you come out of this talk with anything, these are really the four things that I wanted to distill it down into. First off, don't use Terraform to manage Kubernetes resources. They have totally different reconciliation loops. Terraform, I don't know, I maybe run it every couple weeks, maybe when somebody wants something different. Kubernetes is constantly reconciling its desired state from or reconciling the live state from the desired state. So you shouldn't manage Kubernetes resources with Terraform because they're more likely to change. This is why we have getups. Then to step back, Terraform is the source of truth for certain cloud metadata. The cluster name, the IAM role, the load balancer IP is not known to Kubernetes inherently. So Terraform is the source of truth for that information. Then you should leverage application sets to extract metadata from the cluster configuration. So Terraform knows this cloud metadata, puts it in to the cluster configuration, application sets extract that and use it in the applications. And then finally, it's good to group your clusters by label so that you can determine everything in this environment should get these add-ons with these values. Is that anything? No? So the call to action is to come try it out. So we've got this repo that we were poking through for this demo. It's available on the GetOps bridge GitHub organization. We highly recommend you try it out. The goal is to establish a set of patterns that is cloud and provider agnostic so that ideally, the infrastructure's code has metadata that your GetOps needs. Come try it out. We've got Terraform in our GoCD examples, but we're looking for Pulumi and Crosplain and frankly, Flux could come in and use these patterns. And one more thing here, very important. I brought my dad. Now he's going to take a picture with this. Oh, I can take a picture. Well, he's very proud of me. Thank you, Dad. And then, sorry, finally. Yes. We have a workshop at the end of the day today at 350 that goes over these patterns in hands-on ways.  We're going to use dev containers. They're really cool if you haven't tried them yet. And you can actually get hands-on experience with this. Yeah, try it out and get hands-on experience today on this new project. And please rate this talk. It gives us good feedback. We're looking to improve. And please add me on LinkedIn. I love connecting with people. Thank you.


What's your opinion on steam of Steve? I'm just going through my head and thinking about all of the steves. I know and I'm like what could I possibly say Steam I Haven't used the system myself I have been asked by dozens and dozens and dozens of people to use it Usually with a promise that if I do use it I will make thousands and thousands of dollars very very quickly and easily When I get that kind of sales pitch, I start getting very suspicious I don't like the way that Instead of focusing on quality of content and things like that to building community organically a lot of the pitch I hear from people who are interested in steam seems to revolve around the idea That if you use it you can make a lot of money fast That's always a red flag for me now that may be a misunderstanding of its potential and in fact It may be a fantastically visionary system. I've looked at all of these I think there is a very interesting set of parameters that make the combination of social media micropayments and kind of behavioral Incentives and disincentives around producing good content and not being a trollist asshole those parameters come together and make for some very interesting platform if Every time somebody wanted to say something nasty about me on Reddit. They had to put down the 25 cents deposit and If the community voted that they were being a troll I got the 25 cents now that would be a get rich quick ski for me So, you know, I'm very interested in kind of the both the social aspects but really not using money as a system of Renumeration but using money as a system of Kind of quality discovery through systems of incentives that are backed by game theoretical models at scale wisdom of the crowd Plus micropayments plus behavioral science equals fewer trolls That is fascinating to me And I know that steam is aiming to do that among other things as I should probably mention Yours and there's a bunch of others. I can't remember all of them right now This is an emergent area and I think we're going to see a lot of innovation now keep in mind Social media platforms require a very high density of adoption before they're effective There's a reason why Facebook didn't happen in 1995, right? And it's not because nobody had come up with the idea It's because you need that critical density where you know enough people and these people already have access to the underlying Infrastructure and are willing to engage in it so that it starts becoming useful and even then it's a very difficult bootstrap bootstrapping social media in Digital currencies where you have a very limited community that is really just talking to each other. I think it's going to be difficult for the next decade But very promising again It's one of those things that will Experiment and fail and experiments and fail and build momentum and build momentum and then one day you'll be like Oh, this is kind of almost as useful as Facebook. Oh, look a week has passed and now it's 10 times more useful than Facebook and then it goes vertical


My fellow Americans, Shakespeare's reminder that the world is full of ornament and the outward shows are least themselves has always had a special relevance for the political world, but it was especially so last week here in Washington. The United States Senate began hearings on the nominations of William Renquist and Antonin Scalia, men I've named to the position of Chief Justice of the Supreme Court and Associate Justice of the Court. These hearings are a healthy process mandated by the Constitution. Even though they produce a lot of outward show and ornament, they provide the American people with an opportunity to evaluate for themselves the quality of a president's appointments. To be sure, there were many serious allegations by political opponents of Justice Renquist and Judge Scalia. One Democratic senator announced he would vote against Justice Renquist even before the hearing started. There were dark hints about what might be found in documents Judge Renquist wrote while a Justice Department official many years ago. To deal with these unfounded charges, I took the unusual step of permitting the Senate Committee to see the documents themselves. Of course, there was nothing there but legal analyses and other routine communications. The hysterical charges of cover-up and stonewalling were revealed for what they were, political posturing. I was sorry to have to release these documents, but Supreme Court nominations are so important that I did not want my nominees to enter upon their responsibilities under any cloud. And so I was delighted that when all was said and done, our nominees emerged unscathed from last week's hearings. Justice Renquist, recognized even during his early years as a brilliant mind, graduated first in his class from Stanford Law School. He clerked for the Supreme Court, an early mark of disninking in any legal career. He then returned to Arizona to practice law, coming back to Washington some years later to serve as an Assistant Attorney General in the Department of Justice. Most important, for the past 15 years he has served as a Justice of the Supreme Court with extraordinary diligence and craftsmanship. His opinions are renowned for their clarity of reasoning and precision of expression. When his colleagues on the Supreme Court learned that I would nominate Justice Renquist to preside as Chief Justice, they were unanimous in expressing pleasure and approval. It's hard to imagine higher praise for anyone in the legal profession than that. Turning to Judge Antonin Scalia, he's regarded in the legal profession as a superb jurist, a first-class intellect, and a warm and persuasive person. He has served in the Department of Justice, taught law at the University of Chicago and the University of Virginia, and served since 1982 as a judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals here in the District of Columbia. The American Bar Association gave Judge Scalia as they gave Justice Renquist their highest rating. I might add that as the father of nine children, Judge Scalia holds family values in high esteem. And I was especially delighted with his nomination because Judge Scalia is the first Italian-American in history to be named the Supreme Court. Beyond their undoubted legal qualifications, Justice Renquist and Judge Scalia embody a certain approach to the law, an approach that, as your president, I consider at my duty to endorse indeed to insist upon. The background here is important. You see, during the last few election campaigns, one of the principal points I made to the American people was the need for a real change in the makeup of the federal judiciary. I pointed out that too many judges were taking upon themselves the prerogatives of elected officials. Instead of interpreting the law according to the intent of the Constitution and the Congress, they were simply using the courts to strike down laws that displeased them politically or philosophically. I argued the need for judges who would interpret law, not make it. The people through their elected representatives make our laws, and the people deserve to have these laws enforced as they were written. Of course, this upsets those who disagree with me politically, and I have a lurking suspicion that politics had more than a little to do with some of the tactics used against Justice Renquist. But I'm confident that, mindful of their superb legal qualifications, the Senate will confirm Justice Renquist and Judge Scalia. And I can assure you, we will appoint more judges like them to the federal bench. If I may quote Shakespeare again, now that the political commotion of the confirmation hearings is over, all's well that ends well. Until next week, thanks for listening, and God bless you.


Hi everybody. I'm just realizing that the last time I posted a video like this in my car was the same thing was because I had found out about an open casting call and I just didn't want to wait and so I stopped my car and recorded it. So here I am again to tell you about a huge open casting call for an awesome casting director, Carla Hul. I have made a video about her before so I'll put it right here. I'll link it but she is the same casting director as Narcos, Henthified, Coco, just so many awesome things. You guys can look her up on IMDB and also watch this video and I can tell you guys more about it but she's looking to cast a feature film right now and that's why I didn't want to wait to be able to be at home and you know just film with like all of my stuff. I just wanted to tell you now so you can submit because I found out about this two ways on Actors Access and on Instagram. So I'm telling you how I find my open casting calls. I can't talk right now so that you can too. You don't need me to find your open casting calls and also don't only submit to open casting calls because you're limiting yourself a lot if you're only going for huge things especially if you're beginning and acting and yeah open casting calls like usually thousands of people submit to that so yeah anyway I wanted to tell you about this because I found out about it those two ways and then I googled it I couldn't find any more information about it and I was like I want more people to find out about it so hopefully if you're watching this this will be helpful or maybe you know somebody that that will benefit from it but in general follow people on Instagram casting directors filmmakers I did post about this as soon as I found out on Friday I believe was yeah I think it was Friday or Saturday but as soon as I found out I posted it on Instagram at castinproject and that's not my personal Instagram account it's an Instagram account that I assist with I helped posting there once in a while and then I also went to at Carla Hull casting which is Carla Hull's Instagram account and they had also made a post there about the open casting call so follow those follow just why not just follow as many people as you can and then eventually you will find a casting call sometimes I share it on mine as well it's at belgica.rodriguez.professional and yeah you can follow me and just in the stories I usually share it I'm not so great at replying to DMs just because sometimes they get a little weird and they stress me out so I just ignore them and I read them like once a month but I'm more than happy to answer any of your questions in the comments of these videos for some reason in comments people are a lot less weird a lot less creepy so I am so happy to publicly reply to any questions you have even if it's 20 questions put them down there and I will try my best to reply to them as of right now I don't get a crazy amount of comments on my video so I reply to all of them anyway for the purpose of this video what were we here for the open casting call so it is for a feature film and on actors axis I saw that they have a breakdown of a bunch of characters and they're looking for Cuban actors to act in Spanish with the native Cuban accent all ages um if you are watching this video in August apply today tomorrow morning as soon as possible I would say after September it sounds like they're going to start filming sometime in September so if you're watching this in September you can listen to this video and then you know the next time an opportunity like this comes up at least you know where to find the resources but um yes so they haven't put the publicly like the location where they're going to be filming but if you're in Cuba if you're in the US wherever you are go ahead and submit your information and they will be in contact with you if they're interested if they're not interested in you you will never hear back most likely because they they just don't have time and it's not really industry standard to reply to everybody and say thank you so much for submitting you know but we went somewhere else in acting if you don't hear back that means you didn't get the job if you hear back and you got the the call sheet then you're cast um but submit it and forget it I always say that okay so the other way that I found the information was Instagram uh like I said Arca Lajul casting you can find the post there and on that post they put an email where you can send in your information so you can either send it in through that email that they posted there and I'll put all of the links in the description or you can go to actors access and submit your information there I'm not a casting director and I'm not like affiliated with them or anything but if you want to look professional and you want to be able to just show them a little bit more go and create a free actors access account hmm I don't know if they're going to be paying for the submission sometimes in big open casting calls the the uh they will be sponsored by the people so they will pay for your submission you know so you can just submit it without having to pay any extra but on actors access you can put photos your resume clips um and to me it'll just seem more professional especially if you are actually already an actor then go that route you want to go that route you want to see what else what other they want to see what other things you have done you know um so if you can if you're able to don't like break the bank but do get an actress access account if you don't have one or if you do just submit through there that's my advice I don't know it's actually what they prefer but I'm assuming based off of my experience and um what I think looks more professional go ahead and submit on actors access um but yes I will link everything in the description this is all of the information I have thank you so much for watching and um yeah audition and audition for more than just open casting calls because you will actually have more opportunities I'm going to make a video really soon about open casting calls so leave me any questions thank you so much for watching and at the end of every video I feature another channel this is today's feature if you would like to be featured on my next video make sure you're subscribed like this video and leave me a comment


Hi, everyone. Carolina Martinez here for the Page of Martinez Foundation. We know these are really tough times for many families in the state of Massachusetts, and as a foundation, we're looking for ways that we can collaborate to alleviate the burden. That is why we have partnered together with Reticius Pizza so that over the next few weeks, we can give hundreds of families food as well as grocery gift cards. Many families in the city of Lawrence and Boston have lost their jobs, and they need assistance and help so that they can put food on the table. That is why we are actively collaborating with the Mayor of Lawrence, with the Mayor of Boston, and with low-income housing so that over the next few weeks, we can reach out to many, many more families. If you want to join us, you can visit our website at Page of Martinez Foundation dot com, and you can hit the button and that way you're helping us help others. Stay strong, Boston. We love you, and God bless you.


A few people had tagged me in this, so I thought I'd bring it up. Mr. Jim Troutman here. This is a tweet he had on January 29th. Heads up, Ubiquity network devices are being remotely exploited via port 1001 Discovery Service. Results in a loss of device management, also being used as a weak UDP DDoS amplification tag, 56 bytes in, 206 bytes out. If you're not familiar with DDoS amplification tactics, do a Google search and there's plenty of explainers on it. But the short of it is, UDP does not check the source when a packet is sent. So you can lie about where it's coming from, which means when you send the 56 bytes in, 206 bytes go towards that next destination. And if you've monkeied with the packets a little bit, you can make that destination be someone else. Multiply that times lots of these devices exposed on the internet, and you do have a little bit of a problem.  And obviously, this is somewhat concerning, but let's talk about what it means. Now, Unify, Ubiquity networks, is directly replying to this tweet. They are not ignoring it. They are addressing it. But let's talk about how this happened or what's wrong and is it really a security risk? Yes, it is a security risk. I guess I should probably just address that. I'm not trying to, as many people know I like Unify, but that does not mean that this does not present some type of a security problem. But what is this? Well, this is the discovery port. And this is the response that Unify has been aware of this problem for a while. And it kind of comes down to slightly a misconfiguration problem and a ease of use problem. So they're aware that you can turn this off then they tell you how to turn it off here in this link. And I'll leave links to all this so you can follow along here. But in short, what it does is this UDP port is for part of the discovery process to discover Unify's using their different plugins and being able to find another Unify device on the management interface when you plug these in and configure them. But the problem is these shouldn't be public facing the internet. So while I applaud Unify for working on a firmware to mitigate this, the reality is people who don't know how to configure things very well constantly are configuring things to be public facing. We are not worried about this from any of our clients because yes, we have used these devices but we never make the management interface on a public IP space where it's publicly accessible. Matter of fact, we set up management lands and then we have VLANs where we route the actual traffic over. This is like standard practice for setting these up. They're not part of the external exposed sections of the network. And this isn't just a Unify problem. This really goes down to any devices should not be their management interfaces publicly exposed. Whether you're putting in a Cisco, a Fortinet, it doesn't matter if it's a brand name or not brand name one. The management interfaces of devices should not be public facing. Matter of fact, they shouldn't even be office facing if you can avoid it. And when you set up a larger enterprise network, you make sure you mitigate who has access to the management interface. You put restrictions on that. You lock it down as tight as possible because well, there's people on the inside of your network that you don't want accessing the interface. And I can certainly guarantee you there's external people who don't, you don't want accessing this as well. But unfortunately, and we're gonna link to this as well, there's a little bit more research and a little bit deeper dive from the folks over here at Rapid7. So they said, understanding ubiquity discovery service exposures. And kind of like I said, this is one of those if you Unify chose not to have this discovery feature, you would have a harder time finding them. You'd have to look at like a DHCP table versus just using some of their apps to go, hey, look, I'm just gonna link it out on this port and find the device. So it's an interesting problem. It kind of is a problem of misconfiguration more so than like security. It is concerning that flooding this port per Mr. Trout's right up here. Flooding the port does cause the device to become inactive and inaccessible. So he does talk about it as an risk. Now, we don't know of any exploits that occur by flooding this port 1001 with UDP packets, but it is concerning that it disables device and the reason why is because that's how the attacks begin. You find something that crashes the device and then you find out something if that crashes it, you keep plugging away at it until you find the right magic combination of things that cause it maybe to give you access. But once again, this is also why you should never leave management ports exposed to the internet because this can happen. And a lot of people do it out of convenience or it's been mentioned right here in the Rapid7 blog that a lot of Wisp companies do this. And, you know, this is one of those problems when you use some of the less expensive equipment, they made it easier to use, but people who are choosing the least expensive, easiest to set up equipment aren't necessarily the best network engineers at the same time or is security minded, which has led to some pretty big numbers out there. 17,000, 192,000 nano stations, 131,000 air grids, light beams, they kind of run down the list here. And they're using Shodan in their own tools. Sounds like they have a tool called Sonar that is what Rapid7 maintains to kind of scan the internet to find all this to have Project Sonar looking for these things, but you can use Shodan to look this up as well and find there's quite a few of these devices misconfigured out there. So is it the end of the world? Not really, it should be fixed, yes. But like I said, it's not something I'm concerned about with my clients because we never expose management interfaces. Generally, you have some type of box inside the client's network and that's what we maybe sometimes refer to as a jump box. So you control access to that one particular box via VPN or however you get into the network. And then from there, you can then get into that network to get to other things. So there's different designs you can do that you should be doing to keep this more secure. You don't just publicly put public, routable IPs on all of your nano stations and set it up that way and leave it all exposed. This is what leads to these type of problems because that should not be public-facing. And like I said, I'm happy that there's some firmware updates to fix it, but generally speaking, there's probably a Venn diagram we could draw for people who misconfigure things and leave them all publicly exposed and people who don't update firmware. I bet the same people just fall right into that same category. So if you have something publicly exposed, rethink your network setup, do push the firmwares, follow the mitigations on here. And it's still interesting. I, like I said, it's one of those, do you blame ubiquity for making it easier to configure your devices in leaving this exposed or do you blame the people who do it? Let you decide in between, feel free to continue the discussion over on my forums. And I'm open to other people's ideas on there, but generally speaking, I lock everything and I don't leave my manager interfaces exposed to the greater internet because the greater internet is a place where people will just pound away at those things if you do leave them exposed. All right, thanks. Thanks for watching. If you liked this video, give it a thumbs up. If you want to subscribe to this channel to see more content, hit that subscribe button and the bell icon and maybe YouTube will send you a notice when we post. If you want to hire us for a project that you've seen or discussed in this video, head over to laurancesystems.com where we offer both business IT services and consulting services and are excited to help you with whatever project you want to throw at us. Also, if you want to carry on the discussion further, head over to forums.laurancesystems.com where we can keep the conversation going. And if you want to help the channel out in other ways, we offer affiliate links below, which offer discounts for you and a small cut for us that does help fund this channel. And once again, thanks again for watching this video and see you next time.


I saw him like get off of her, he got like stuck, and then he got scared so he started flying and I was like, I'm not too sure. Sifras, flighters, and newbies. Oh my god, I kind of have an emergency situation. Quite a few emergency situations. So one, my sister's about to come over and we're going to unwrap our Christmas slash holiday gifts for our birds, except I haven't wrapped them yet because yeah, there's a lot been going on which I'll show you guys, look at the disaster which is behind me. The other thing I'm nervous about is my sister's a Virgo and if you try to plan something with her, she'll be like, yeah I'm available on the 19th at 2pm, I'm like what? I don't even know if I'll be alive on that day, but anyway. The fact that I don't have anything ready is nerve wrecking, because she probably has stuff all wrapped and stuff, I'm not even like dressed, and there was a flood in the kitchen and so this is the current state of our ceiling, okay, and that's also the current state of the bathroom wall upstairs, George has torn the house apart too, to install cameras and whatever technology he does, so that's happening and rearranged TVs, if you guys watch me on Instagram, you know, I'm watching the cameras to make sure she's not here yet and I'm gonna go get ready and then I'm gonna pretend I'm like wrapping and like been in the middle of it for a long time when she gets here, okay? I gotta get, I gotta get, pretend I've been wrapping presents, I don't have any of them wrapped, because Jen is coming to do the thing with the birds. So you're pretending like you did it? I gotta wrap the presents. You're bad wrapping presents, why are you even doing it? Well, because who else is gonna do it? You have no time, you've torn up the walls. I always have time for everything, I guess. So when is she gonna be here? Now. What do you mean, she's here? No, she's gonna be here now. She's on her way? Yes. Wait, how many presents are we supposed to wrap? I don't know, I've got all these presents. Wait, did you wrap everything already? She probably wrapped her dog toys. And what if they're wrapped nicely? She probably wrapped them nicely. What if she was like extra on the wrapping and I'm gonna like put happy birthday wrapping? They don't know, right? They can't read. I'm on the wall. Maybe I'm ready to go and now I gotta go wrap. Brando, you can help me wrap the presents for the dogs, okay, because then you won't see your stuff. What are you eating? So cute. I got my materials. Sandy's not here, so I can do this. Cat's not here right now either. So I'm gonna get started, probably need a scissors, don't carry scissors in your mouth. Here we go. Ow, ow. I think I just got myself.  Brighton Mary. You know, you could help me. I just measured it. Oh my God, Merlin's making these fast like sounds he makes. Oh God, guys. Is that a surprise? What it is? Descent wrapping. I think my sister just Instagrammed like my Ashi Instagram. See, it is exciting. The wrapping is very exciting. I don't care. No one. Now I think I'll remember what that is. Shoot, this piece doesn't look so good. Guys, I actually probably could wrap well, but I, there's no, there's no time. You have to understand that they just, they don't, I never have I had a complaint from any of the animals about my wrapping. I just got to get her done, you know, like my sister doesn't live far away. Lamb chop. We already learned we don't need the scissors. What are you laughing at? It's terrible. No, but it's, I don't have time. Roll them up like a burrito. Do you want to help me? Not really, because then I would have to do it like directly. Well, no, this way is good. I can't do the wrong way. Do the right way then. I can't do it if you want. No, but we got some, we got some bird, we got some, we got, go choose some bird toys for them. You want to choose the toys? I want to wash my hands. Wash your hands. Jenna's going to be so disappointed in me. I don't know if anyone expects me to wrap. You know, when I package out my merch, I'm pretty good at that. It's not that I put some tenderloin in here too. Oh no, the tape got stuck in my finger, George, come loose my finger. Please. Children, don't try this at home. George, I can't get my finger out. I'm serious. This is slowing me down. Please. If she comes with some really nice wrapping on me, two, these are ones for the dog, ones for the cat. We'll figure it out. I'm going to do a very nice wrapping now. It says, do the dotted line. What am I doing? This is irrelevant. Please. Sweet baby. Should we order lunch? Yeah. She's giving the camera. This isn't going well. Oh, that irrelevant piece. I could wrap the bone. It's all about the surprise, right? You left your finger in this. Stop. You didn't understand. Oh, God. Oh, God. Did you back up on yourself? Half of the stuff. Did you wrap things that you got? I thought you were bringing them. I forgot. It's okay. Harry just won't get presents. No. So here's the thing. I've been rushing to wrap these. So basically what she was worried about that you would be here with like all the presents wrapped and ready to go. And she's like getting this.  Yeah. I didn't. What do you mean? How do you feel now? You okay? Well, no, because I didn't do my homework, which was wrap them. So I'm rushing to get it done. Oh, my God. Why? Did you see my Instagram post and thought it was for the dog? I did. Harry. We can wrap a ball for Harry. Does he like balls? Yeah, probably. So, Brad, here's where we are. This might be a TV-continued video. I mean, really, I could be solving a lot for you guys with these wrapping ideas. Oh, you don't have to wrap them. How? Because I'm great at wrapping. It's like a thing. You're not. No, I am. I'm coming to the camera. You definitely enjoy it. Yeah, I am good. Right, Jenna? I'm good at wrapping. You have no idea. Yes, I do. I've known you for how long already? No, because, duck, you're too tall. I'm too tall. That's never the case. I know. But the thing is that I am good. It's that I'm so good at it, it would take too long. Sorry. Are you using my seat? No, no, no. I'm serious. I've seen your wrapping. No, no, no. That's a ploy to get you to do it. Yes, I am good. I could be good. I just can't right now because we have to get this done. Jenna's tall. They're not going to be able to open that the way you're wrapping. That's what I'm saying. They can't open anything, so it doesn't matter. What I'm saying, they're not going to be able to. You need to make it easy for them to open. Show me how to make it easier.  This is what I have. This is the efficiency tape. She gives it like three wraps or that one. No, I did not. The tape, maybe. Let's see what other small things we have. I actually don't want him to see the cat toys.  I love all these wraps in like five minutes here, guys. I'm going to go open it. He couldn't choose. Did you see that? A little stuck. Oh my God, please. I don't get it. I'm a little confused. This doesn't make sense. Oh, it came out of its thing. No, open it. He comes down to get the present. Look, he wants a present. This isn't for you. It's for the cat. There you go. He loves Auntie Jenna the most. I can't look at his cuteness. His size, Momzie. He loves Auntie Jenna the most. So check it out. I got these fine pieces for, you know, you want to wrap some balls? Let's do this. Let's do this. I'll wrap it. You take it. Ready? Okay. But do we know who this is? I think for these kind of presents, if you guys need some wrapping advice, you do a corner down, a corner down, a corner up, and a corner up. And then you've got what I call the triangle. And it's very avant-garde tape. And look, very simple. I mean, there you go. We're like on a roll. Simple foldover. Beautiful, right? Brando wants a present. Do you want a present? Do you want the water drop? For how to actually wrap. Do you have a channel? You should have a channel. I don't. You should have a channel. I definitely should not. You should. Harry, you're not supposed to be seeing them. You've got my technique down. Yep. There's a bunch of ghosts in the house today. That was like straight up magic. Yeah. Oh, he likes that one. I'm giving this one to him because I was like, maybe he hasn't had any wood toys yet. By the way, don't forget if you guys are looking for an amazing bird food brand for your bird that is healthy, organic, and not full of food colorings and sugar and peanut smash. Check out Marlene's signature blend. I did this along with Top's Parrot Food. We just launched in the UK. Northern Parrots now sells our food. You guys have been asking for it. You've got it. Also, things for wings in Canada sells our bird food right now. I'm proud to announce and they will ship it to you. I encourage you guys to check out my Feathered Fun Box. It's a passion project. It's a subscription box that comes with parrot toys for your bird and also special merch. Kind of like my dream box. Honestly, I put so much into it. I love that there's something like this for birds out in the world. That's why I created it. www.featheredfunbox.com. I love you guys so, so much. Thank you for listening.


This may be controversial, but it needs to be said. New age and pagan beliefs are being propagated by well-meaning Christians who do this mostly unknowingly. We have to remember that the Bible is our only source of truth about the spiritual realm. Just because a witch or warlock, a pagan, or a new age believes something, doesn't mean it's true. Yet many are taking those teachings and then trying to pass them off as spiritual warfare or deliverance doctrines. Now, when someone is saved and delivered from those belief systems, they need to leave the teachings behind. They are not to take those teachings and then present them to the body of Christ as if they're valid and as if the word of God needs to be supplemented.  So to take the lies of the devil and then to try to use them as spiritual intel is a huge mistake and it's causing confusion, paranoia, and perpetual cycles of bondage. Stick with the word of God. God gave us everything we need to defeat the darkness.