The Equitable Life Assurance Society presents this is your FBI This is your FBI The official broadcast from the files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation Presented as a public service by the Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States and the Equitable Society is representative in your community Do you own your own home? Is there a mortgage on it? Be sure to listen to the special message to homeowners from our sponsor the Equitable Life Assurance Society In just 14 minutes, you'll hear about America's finest plan for home ownership It's the Equitable Society's assured home ownership plan. Don't miss it Tonight's FBI file the professional killer Your FBI not only pursues every criminal who violates a federal statute But it also makes a close keen analytical study of the field of crime all over the nation For crime is the business your FBI is engaged in And like every successful organization, it realizes that the more it knows about its business The better job it'll be able to do With that in mind your FBI recently completed a study of crime throughout the 48 states And the study brought forth one fact that is not only shocking But is also indicative of the self-evident fruit that the crime wave unless stifled quickly Will soon be out of hand That one single fact is That in the United States today and every day There are 36 people murdered In the past two hours Three people have been killed by criminals Tonight's FBI file opens in a small smart nightclub located in a large midwestern city In an office in the rear of this establishment Larry Mansfield the owner of the club is just greeting a visitor Sit down mr. West. Okay. You you cigars. No When did you get to town a couple of hours ago? Well, you you make good time. I want to get out just as quick Very well We'll get right down to business good Are you familiar with this town? Not very You know where the central hotel is now, but I'll find it. It's over on the west side. It's a small hotel You may have can a cab get there. Yes. You get the directions. Just give me the address Okay Here it is right The party I want taken care of lives in the central hotel room 819 Mm-hmm. Here's the key. What's the party's name? Sanford Sanford Get it West. Yeah How do you intend to handle the killing? Why well, I just thought in as much as this is a hotel you're going to let the man's fear. Let's get something straight, huh You own this night club, aren't you? Yeah, am I telling you how to run it? No It don't tell me how to run my business Oh Sorry What about dough? Now pay when the job is done. You come back here tomorrow night. I don't want to wait around that long. What's the matter with tomorrow morning? I won't be here. Oh, where do you live? I'll come there All right Here's my card Thanks Guess it's time and with the work Humble sweet out. Who are you? I don't matter Look, look I got a gun here. Let me ask the questions Go ahead You live in this room Yeah, what's your name? Sanford Well, was your husband? I don't have one Well, was your brother then your father? That's a blank too, mr Who else live in this room with you? Nobody You live here alone. Yeah This is no Where are you going? I'm getting out of here. Wait a minute. Out of my way. I want to ask you one question Oh Who sent you here? Nobody look honey. I've been around. I know a hired gun for when I see one. Yes. That is your touch, right?  No dice. Was it a guy named Mansfield? Was it? We'd had my business. We always protect a claim. I know it was Mansfield, I should have figured he'd make this kind of a play. Look what difference does it make who it was? You come off lucky, didn't you? Yeah And forget it. Well, let me get out of here. Wait a minute one more question What now? You were paid to get rid of me Why didn't you do it? Look, I don't I want to know I don't kill dames By dames drink In the same city a bit later that evening in the fbi field office Special agent jim teller has just returned from an assignment jim Oh, yes, new the call came in for you less than five minutes ago. I took the message Oh, it wasn't in a state bus company. Oh, yeah the driver you wanted to see is out of town You'll come over to see you first thing in the morning. Oh good. What are you working on? It's kind of a strange assignment new. Oh, what's the story? Well, a thief named lou parma was convicted two years ago for sticking up a bank messenger Over seventy eight thousand dollars was stolen on that job And the money was never recovered. I see a few days ago Parma sent word to the warden at state's prison that he wanted to give some information as to the whereabouts of the money What brought that on? Well, it turned out to be revenge Parma revealed that he had two confederates on the job a man and a woman They evidently promised to take care of parma's family out of the loop When they reneged he talked. Who were these people? Well, a man's name was larry kent the woman she was kent's girl Her name was vise sanford and you're looking for them. That's right. What progress have you made? Well, we've established that kent and his girl were living in cleveland at the time of the robbery Immediately after it kent disappeared. What about the sanford girl or she stayed on there? Evidently kent had walked out on her She was living in a cheap room and working as a cashier in a restaurant kent apparently wound up with all the money That's it. Has the girl been picked up? No, she left cleveland two days ago believed to be headed for here And from what we could gather she's looking for kent. She'd been tipped off that he was here Jim, do you know where to find it? No, not yet. This bus driver I sent for may help us on that though She was on his bus. You alerted the local police? Yes, I gave them the girl's picture and they're starting a check on all hotels now We should get something on her very soon Well, I could go on for hours with all the details, but that's more or less the story Sounds like a nice guy charming Look, baby When he walked out on you, didn't he leave you any part of that 78,000? No How about the guy in the can? Did you do anything for him? Leap armor? Yeah, not a nickel's worth So can we have another drink? Yeah, sure. Waiter. Let's have the same thing. All right. Why? How did you tell him here? Well, like I told you I was a cashier in this joint in cleveland Yeah, an old-time grifter came in one night and slipped me a note when he paid his check A note said he'd seen camp in this town that he was using his old name That's man feel It also said he was doing what he always wanted to do Well, I knew that meant he was operating a nightclub So So I called enough joints till I finally nailed him He must have been real surprised huh plenty Well, did you ask him for your cut?  Yeah I knew it. Are you sorry? Not now. Hey, I just set him down right Yeah, baby How much was he paying you? Well knocking you off Five bills Did you collect? No You know, he owes me a pretty good chunk My end of that job was over 20,000 Solid numbers If you'll take a marker How would you like to work for me? Baby, you just made yourself a deal Oh morning neil talk to the bus driver. Yes, he just left here to give you anything Well, I showed him the sanford girls picture and he definitely identified him Said she'd come in on his bus. All right. Did he have any idea where she went? Oh, unfortunately, he didn't these pictures just came in jim. No with any pictures of camp. Oh fun Washington also sent a copy of his records. Well, man, surely here you are Thanks I read it through there's nothing there at all indicate where he's been for the last two years No, I didn't imagine there would be After all, he wound up with that 78,000 and that's enough for a man to retire on for a few years at least You think he's gone into some legitimate business? Go ahead Well, even if he's here in town, he won't be easy to find probably changed his name even his appearance Yes, I know Jim I sent kent's pictures and the copy of his record to the local police. They might have something on him Fine. I sure hope so. Oh, I'll get it Special agent Taylor. Oh, yes, sergeant Yes, that's right Wait, I'll write that down Good work sergeant. Thanks a lot Goodbye Well, neil we're getting some action. What's your address police headquarters the sanford girl is registered at the central hotel I think I'd better get right over there You doing here waiting for you. How did you get into my apartment? He told me to come in not while I was out I don't like to hang around always. I don't like intruders. That makes us even. Did you go to the central hotel last night? Yeah Well Well, what? Did you take care of that party? No, huh Why not You didn't tell me it was a team. What difference does that make? That's out of my line Look, I made a deal with you. I got a better offer. What do you mean better? Let me tell him Why why? Where did you come from? Mr. West brought me here. What? He's in a brand new business Now he brings them back alive. What's this all about? Give me a rundown, baby Mr. West here is working for me now. I told him our whole story He figures that I'm a lot more reliable to do business with what are you talking about $78,000. Huh? That's the amount you ran out with Remember oh by in the first place the alibis. We haven't got time for this We haven't got time for any chatter. We just came here to collect select what my end I figured it out on the way over it comes to $26,000.  I want my cut larry now You're not getting anything. Mr. You're in no position to talk that way. You'll keep out of this I gotta protect my interest. I'm on the pair.  Now wait a minute You more treatments, honey You'll collect Tonight's case from the official fbi files will be reopened in just a moment The home of my on That's what I've worked and saved for all these years My home my family If whole means a lot to you then investigate the equitable societies assured home ownership plan It's a money saver. It's a home saver. It's america's finest plan for home ownership A home saver you say that's right Just listen to these four advantages of the equitable societies assured home ownership plan First during the owner's lifetime a special cash fund is built up in this plan Ready for use if sickness or unemployment threaten home security Second as your mortgage shrinks the cash fund increases You can use it to pay off a 20-year mortgage for example in approximately 14 years Third mortgage interest is only 4% and there is a liberal allowance to help cover title search Lawyers fees and other closing costs Fourth if the owner dies the equitable society cancels the mortgage. It's paid off in full What's more every dollar previously paid on principal is returned to the widow along with the canceled mortgage You mean my wife would inherit our home free and clear Yes, she would and interest charges stopped the day of death all in all a man is mighty lucky if his health age Income and the location of his home Qualify him for an equitable society assured home ownership plan Who can tell me if I qualify mr. Keating ask your equitable society representative Get full information on the plan that protects you against the two major hazards of home mortgages Death and hard times Look in the phone book or send a postcard care of this station to the equitable society That's e q u i t a b le the equitable life assurance society of the united states And now back to the fbi file the professional killer How many times have you heard the expression there is honor among thieves Probably a thousand times But next time you hear it, you will know that it is not true Or as proven by tonight's case in the files of your fbi Criminals do not base their actions on loyalty But on profit They're always available to the highest bidder The tragic thing is that they never learn that man cannot live alone Without friendships and alliances But what is true of nations is also true of people And if the last war proved nothing else It proved beyond doubt that every nation is dependent upon every other nation And that every person on earth is dependent in some measure On every other living human being The night's file continues in larry man's fields apartment Man's fields still unconscious is stretched out on the floor The first wild girl vice sanford and her gunman confederate are searching the premises You find anything in that desk, honey? No, not yet. I'll let you watch in this door. We're going to be a wall safety and I want you to pick this.  Why is that dirty cheese? These letters are from dames. That's nice. Look at this. This letter was written three years ago. I was still going with him then. My darling larry, our date last night will be remembered always. How do you like that guy? That being a female, we got work to do. Look, there's no day one in the desk. Where else can we... Wait a minute. She's coming too. You better watch him. Yeah, he'll be right beside him. Okay, how do we handle it now? You find out where his door is, otherwise he gets a full treatment. Good. What? What hit me? You were standing right on the track, wasn't it? Oh, next time you won't get off so easy. But can I get up? They were here. Larry, we want to continue our discussion. Before you left us, we were talking about $26,000. I don't know. That girl wants her money, Misty. But I tell you...  I'm not wearing a music gun. I'll get it after. I... I haven't got it here. Where is it? In my office, at the club. Where in the office? In a safe. Okay.  Tell them I'm coming over. Tell them I'm getting something out of that safe to bring back to you. Very well. How about the combination? I'll give it to her. Let me have it now. Now, Jim... Am I down here now? I've been looking all over for you. The hotel manager said you were on the floor below. Oh, did you get a search warrant? Yeah, I have it right here. Good. This is the Sandford Girls Room. I have a pesky. No sign of her, Jim. Oh, she left the hotel early this morning as we turned the sense. There was a man with her. He didn't answer the Kent's description. There we are. Go ahead, Neil. Right. I thought it might be a good idea to search your room and see if we get any leads. Yeah, there's a small bag over there. Oh, yeah, I'll take a look at it. I'll see what's in that closet. All right. Could the management give you any line on what she's been doing? No, not much. He said she'd made quite a few phone calls. He's getting the slips together now. We'll pick them up on the way out.  Wait a minute, Neil. I got something here. You know, what is it? It's a note. What does it say? It's addressed to her from a man who signs himself, Joe. Yes? It says that he saw Kent here. Kent is using his old name. Uh-huh. It also states that he's doing what he always wanted to do. Doing what he always wanted to do? That's it. Well, that really confuses things. All we have to do now is find out Kent's old name and what this thing is that he's always wanted to do. Yes. But Neil, the Sanford girl, must know both these things. Well, in that case, Jim, she's probably already found it. Yes, I know, which means she may never come back here. Neil will post somewhere to watch for anyway. Let's get on and pick up the slips of the telephone calls that she made. Yeah, why don't you put that gun away? It makes me nervous. I'd be nervous without it. You handled me quite effectively before without a gun. You didn't know the score, then? Tell me something, will you? What is it? Why did you double-cross me? What do you mean? You started out in this deal working for me. Why did you switch? I didn't like the way you operate. Is that the only reason? Yeah. I thought it could have been because you got a better offer. It had nothing to do with it. What does she promise you? What's the deal? I'd like to enter my bid. I don't get it. If I were to top her offer, maybe you'd come back to my team. Mister, that's just why I can't do business with you. Okay. Do we have a drink? Yeah, yes, sir. And there's some scotch in the cabinet there. Would you get it? Where? On the lower shelf. I don't see any. Well, that ties the score. Hey, Jim. Oh, yes, Neil? The warden in the state's prison just called me back. And? He questioned Lou Palmer about Kent. Did he come up with any? No, he had no idea what Kent's old name was. How about that business he always wanted to be in? He knew nothing about that, either. How are you making out? Well, I've combed through Kent's record. That didn't give us anything. Any word from the hotel? No, I just called there five minutes ago. The girl still hasn't returned. Excuse me, Jim. Yes, ma'am? Here's a report on those telephone numbers. Oh, thanks. Oh, Bob, they get a location on all of them? Yes, it's all left. That's well. Thanks, Bob. Are these the calls the girl made from the hotel? That's right. So she made, uh, 21 calls? Let's see them. Okay. Here's the first one. Nightclub called the Ace of Clubs. Next, Bar 8 Club. Next, The Angel Club. Are they all nightclubs? So far, they seem to be. Next, three, or? Jim, I think we've hit something. These four are clubs, too. This could be the business Kent always wanted to be in. Yes, all these calls were the nightclubs. Did the manager of the hotel give you those calls in the sequence they were made? No, we said they were all mixed up. Too bad. Obviously, the last call she made was where she found him. Yes, I know. Well, I guess we'll just have to go to each place and bring Kent's picture with us. That should be... Wait a minute, Neil. I don't think we'll have to do that. Why not? Look, all these clubs begin with either the letter A, B, or C. Uh-huh. She must have worked from a classified phone book, called each club in the order that it was listed. Right. In that case, the, uh, the Clover Club is the last place she called. Come on, Neil, that'll be our first place. Where's Till? He's in there. Did you get the money? Yes. Hope you didn't have any trouble. No. Thought you said Till was in here. There he is. Where? Right there on the floor. What happened? It's just my turn to hit him. Say, what is this? My party now, Vi. Let me have my money. Wait a minute. Give it to me. Hey, gather it's in that bag. Not your money. It belongs to me and you know it. Honey, we're not going into that again. Besides, you will have no need for it. Why not? One has to be alive to enjoy money. What are you talking about?  In fact, I'm killing you both. Nari, wait a minute. You'll all be very legitimate, too. I came in, found you rifling my apartment, and I had to let you have it. He'll never get away with it. You forget, honey. In this town, I'm an honest man. Now, would you like it first? Nari, don't. Don't put away that gun. Nari, Vi. Drop that gun. Go on, drop it, I said. How are you? Special Agent, the FBI. I'll pick up his gun, Jim. You heard him. You heard what he was going to do. Oh, yes, Miss Sanford. We know all about both of you. That's where the manager let us in the back way. All right, Neil. Let's revive that man on the floor and take them all down to the office. Vi Sanford was sentenced to serve 10 years in a federal penitentiary for bank robbery. Her former accomplice was given a 20-year term for the same crime. Phil West was turned over to the local authorities to be prosecuted on an old murder charge. Thus, your FBI sorted the plans of three criminals and also apprehended one for whom they had been looking for more than two years. Two years is a long time in the life of the criminal, but not to the Federal Bureau of Investigation, for their patience never runs out. Your FBI never gives up in the search for a criminal, even if it takes two, 10, or 20 years. No file is ever closed, unless it is marked either convicted or dead. In just a moment, we will tell you about next week's exciting case from the files of your FBI. Mr. Keating, I've been thanking you. I certainly hope I can qualify for that equitable society, a short home ownership plan you were talking about. I do too, Jim, because look what you get in one package from the Equitable Society, a mortgage that's paid in full if the owner dies, if not a cash fund to be used in financial emergencies, and mortgage interest at only 4%. No wonder it's called America's Finest Plan for Home Ownership. So don't delay. See your equitable representative soon, or write to the Equitable Society care of this station. That's E-Q-U-I-T-A-B-L-E. The Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States. Next week, we will bring you another colorful story from the files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the reluctant thief. The incidents used in tonight's Equitable Life Assurance Society's broadcast are adapted from the files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation. However, all names used are fictitious, and any similarity thereof to the names of persons living or dead is accidental. Tonight the music was composed and conducted by Frederick Steiner. Your narrator was Dean Carton, and special agent Taylor was played by Stacey Harris. This is your FBI is a very divine production. This is Larry Keating speaking for the Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States and the Equitable Society's representative in your community, and inviting you to tune in again next week at the same time when the Equitable Life Assurance Society will bring you another thrilling story from the files of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the reluctant thief on this is your FBI. Now, match wits with contestants as they try for amazing sums of Radio's biggest money-paying quiz show, Break the Bank, which follows next. This is ABC, the American Broadcasting Company.


How many of you have heard of a gentleman named Mohamed Bozizi? Just a couple. How many of you have heard of the Arab Spring? There's a gentleman named Mohamed Bozizi who is a fruit vendor in Tunisia. And every day, he would bring his fruit and he would bring it to market. And this is how he would feed his family. However, because of the ecosystem that he lived in, he was harassed. He could not register his business. He had trouble with the most basic things in rule of law and property rights that we take for granted. And he became so desperate over and over again that he got in a fight with a police officer who spit on him, took away not only his fruit, but his right to be on that street corner. He walked to the governor's office that day and he cried out, how do you expect me to make a living? And he lit himself on fire. I don't think any of us in this room can imagine the desperation that goes into an action like that. But that was the start of the Arab Spring. And the Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto interviewed all of the survivors and the family members of the people who followed Bozizi's unfortunate example and lit themselves on fire and self-humiliation in protest. And he found a common threat. And it's encapsulated in what something that Bozizi's brother Salem said. De Soto said, what would Muhammad say if he were alive today? And Salem said, Muhammad would say that even the poor should have the right to buy and sell. And I think that narrative of just basic entrepreneurship, having an ecosystem in which you can take the talents that you have and apply them to the service of others, whether it's something as simple as putting fruit on another family's table or building an app that can change the world. Those ecosystems are what allow people to build prosperity for themselves and their families. And so our next two speakers are here to talk about those ecosystems. They come from the North Africa and Middle Eastern regions. They're talking about how they're building the ecosystems here in this country and all over the world. Habib Haddad is a former vice chair of the World Economic Forum. And we have him here. We're lucky enough to have him here. I'm sorry, the Council on Entrepreneurship specifically.  He's running the E14 fund, which is taking all of the fascinating inventions and ideas that are here at MIT and helping them take flight with investment. We also have Ziad Sultan, who leads product management for Newsstand, which is Google Play's news platform, which reaches over a billion people, including me. So please welcome these two wonderful people to talk about this important subject. Hi, Ziad. Thank you, Mark, for this very powerful intro. We're going to talk about communities. And I think I'm feeling very lucky to have my very good friend here, Habib, who has some very interesting experiences when it comes to the power of ecosystems and communities across continents. So we're hoping to cover a few topics that have to do with his unusual path to venture capital, which comes from social impact and activism. Very interesting and unusual. So we'll touch a bit on that. And I was hoping to also ask you about your experience in the Middle East with building a dynamic platform and community of entrepreneurship. And then we'll ask you about your next steps right here in the MIT Media Lab. So to start with, you're pretty famous now in the Middle East as the founder of Yamli. And pretty much everything you've done before being a VC has had a social impact aspect to it that has been very important. Could you tell us a little bit about your journey from activist and entrepreneur to venture capital investor? Yeah, sure. To put some context, I graduated from undergrad from Lebanon in Beirut. And then I moved to USC right before 9-11 and to work on what was my dream of working in Hollywood on graphics. And little did I know that actually it was very hard to find a job for an Arab in Hollywood right around that time. And at that time, my ex-girlfriend was actually at MIT. My wife is here. She's not my ex-girlfriend from that time. So I still had her password, an easy man password. And I remember I went on her account and I found this crazy sea sail team that are working on image-based modeling that time at that time. So I took a flight, flew to Boston, joined as a founding member, and built this company that was called Mock 3, which was an amazing technology set up up until today. But we did everything wrong in the book. In fact, not long ago, I was walking down the hallway at the MIT Media Lab and I came across used Bonson, who teaches a venture here at MIT. And he said, I know this company, I actually use it as what not to do in my courses. So I did that. And at some point, we came in. The VCs had taken over. They fired us. The product was amazing, but we kind of obsessed so much about the technology. Kind of like the rookie on the mistake of building a technology company. And then after that, I did what every immigrant entrepreneur wants to do, joined a big company. Went to join ATI, worked on the graphic card industry right around the time when GPU was taking off, worked there for two years, right until I got my green card. And as soon as I got my green card, I jumped on board and started my company, Yemli, which is an Arabic linguistics company. In fact, when you said about social activism, the company in itself started around the time when there was a war between Lebanon and Israel and the time where I wanted to find information online, but I couldn't because I didn't have an Arabic keyboard. So the idea of being able to type phonetically using English characters came about and therefore was the base of Yemli around which was a search engine, et cetera, et cetera. Fast forward in 2011, completely by coincidence, not by design, I find myself in the middle of that spring. Most of the people, the leaders of that movement were techies, were entrepreneurs. People that I had been interacting with, with my Yemli hat. And I remember even a few months earlier to January 25, which was the kickoff of that spring in Egypt, at least, some of my friends were emailing me and saying, I want to do this Facebook group. We want to work on those interesting cunning techniques to push people to protest, but we don't know anything about that, but we're going to push people to go on the seat of Alexandria where black t-shirts look at the sea and turn your back. And you're all using Facebook. And if you remember, actually, interesting, at that time, at some point, Facebook had groups where you had to actually ask to join them. It was not an open, free-flow kind of designed group. And then it was very interesting because before that, before that spring, a number of attempts were tried to build movements and build communities around online tools, but they always failed because the tools were clunky, they were not open enough, not distributed enough. And I think a number of different factors, not only social media, social media was a big part of it, allowed this group to come very quickly together. And then one thing that kind of opened my eyes was on January 28th, I remember well, the internet in Egypt was shut down. And this was a big problem because all the news that everyone was getting about what's happening on the streets was coming from social media. And so people on the streets would take pictures and then the police would not actually take a brutal action because those pictures were being tweeted. And then the internet was shut down, everyone was worried about that. At that time, Google and Twitter were talking to us as on my startup hat, and as you can see, switching activism and entrepreneurship all the time. And they said, well, listen, we're thinking about launching a product that would allow people to bypass this shutdown. And the way to do that is to give people a no phone number that you call on and then you leave your voicemail and this voicemail would go on Twitter, was called speak to tweet. And as soon as this went on, we called our friends who were journalists, they pushed the numbers out, people started calling, but they were all in Arabic. So it wouldn't reach a big mass. So I went on Twitter and said, hey, I need volunteers to help me transcribe and translate those messages. And in literally less than a few hours, I had a thousand translators join and we had like a Google sheet, a very simple Google spreadsheet. They would listen to the voicemails on Twitter, put them, transcribe them, translate them and move across the line. And which was quite interesting because we could uncover a few interesting insights. We would figure out that there were the hooligans that were launched on the streets. And all of this got me so excited and I met so many great people and so many great creative ideas, innovative ideas. But obviously I got very disappointed with the outcome after the Arab Spring, what happened post Arab Spring. And this is when I decided that I wanna jump and what kind of led me to the venture capital world, which was a very interesting kind of weird path. But this is when I thought, well, there's so much energy and so much creativity in this part of the world proven by when they were pushed to the edges by the regimes by the Arab Spring, but not necessarily used for productive means. So I felt it was much easier to build movements against something than for something. It's much easier to say I wanna go and fight this than I wanna go and build a long-term sustainable plan to build great jobs and opportunities and entrepreneurship. And so I took on this as my next step and moved on at least at that time. So very unusual path and filled with social mission. And I remember from the very beginning, the mission of Yemli, if you can maybe remind us just for context, the company that Habib founded which is very famous in the Arab speaking world, is Yemli which is a transliteration engine. It's actually very difficult with an English keyboard to actually interact with Arabic content and that also leads to very little Arabic content created, very little Arabic content consumed online. So from the very beginning, it's a technology play, but to use Magat thing, it was not a pizza delivery app, it was literally a way to get Arabic content represented online for all sorts of very powerful missions. So can you remind us maybe, what was the proportion of Arabic content to Arabic population? Do you remember that? That was one of your key. Yeah, there was approximately five to 10% Arabic speakers online, but there was about 0.5% content at that time. And so the goal was how can you push content and how can you build knowledge in a, with 350 million speakers who don't have native language, content with the native language where they can learn and push their knowledge. Yeah, and I wanted to take that small detour to give context and also because that still feels like a very powerful mission that you can easily imagine how communication and easy communication, fluid communication was at the basis of the company you founded, but then this is one of the main reasons you got pulled into the center of a lot of very important movements during the Arab Spring. I remember my software development team at the time I was working on my own company, they were based in Alexandria around that same time. And so literally my software development team lost internet connectivity overnight. We couldn't reach them, we didn't know what they were up to if they were okay. And it was a very chaotic time. And you had a very powerful team. I mean, the team that you were working with in Alexandria was one of the best engineers. Very good talent in Egypt. Exactly, so they were fantastic in terms of talent and what they were able to work on and deliver. But they also were able to take on some very unusual challenges like lack of electricity, lack of security with grace and strength. And it was a great example, very inspiring. And so that leads me to maybe the next chapter that I would love for us to discuss, which is you're coming from this perspective of there is definitely a need for technology to help the region in terms of both the technology itself but also the ecosystem and the community around it so that you can go from being against something to trying to create, right? And so I remember you taking a plane and leaving for the Middle East and trying to work on what became a very powerful platform and fund, can you tell us a little bit how that process worked out? Yeah, sure, so the excitement of seeing the Arab Spring kind of opened my eyes on how much talent there was. And then I moved to the Middle East. I mean, the reason was to build eventually an adventure fund but starting with a community. And if you look today at most of the venture funds in the US, Sequoia and Bison Horowitz, they all have a fund first and eventually they have a platform to support that. What was interesting in my experience is that in emerging markets, I had to create the platform first and the platform was to develop the ecosystem and as you develop the ecosystem and you start investing in it. So we started by creating what today became one of the biggest media arms of tech and entrepreneurship and the Middle East kind of like the tech launch of the Middle East called WAMDA. Then we built mentorship programs, we built accelerators and was really kind of in a very ad hoc kind of filled the gaps endeavor. Well, let's build this. Oh, there's mentorship gap here. Oh, there's actually other gaps here. Oh, we should go to work in Morocco or work in Kuwait or Saudi, whatever it is.  And in emerging markets at that time, most of the VCs came from investment banking background and usually failed investment bankers because the funds are usually smaller.  So we had a really easy kind of gap to fill but then the problem was on how to scale that. So we built a few things and even eventually in the Middle East which is made of 23 countries is a big market but fragmented because you have borders and you have to figure out how to work across borders. We figured out as well that one of the interesting ways to scale startups as they grow was working with large corporates and large family offices who have been established in the region for a long time, have businesses and are willing to want to innovate and they do that through startups. So fast forward, today we have a $75 million fund. We invest all across the Middle East. We came across a number of those war stories, entrepreneurs by the way and we kind of have been able to build the platform and then eventually build the fund. And kind of that told me how important and how underestimated is the power of communities. And I think we take it granted in the VC industry and the entrepreneurship industry in the US, but it's something that actually really is at the key first layer of ecosystems. So let me ask you a question. I believe that one of the most important parts of the community is some key success stories, right? Because it's more than just an example for everybody else. It actually graduates alumni who have seen the movie play out from nothing to a big company. It creates angel investors. It creates advisors, right? But how do you create these anchor companies and do you see that happening around the Middle East and how is the community coming together around them? It's a very interesting question, especially when you start when you don't have too many successes. There were like a couple of successes, but not enough to make a big story around them. So that's why initially we started with a media company. And the media company, we were over celebrating the stories, sometimes even pushing it a bit more than it is just to recreate a message. And we would take those stories of, for example, there's one of the entrepreneurs that I really like, Mohanad Ghashim, who was actually based in Aleppo. And when the war started in Aleppo, he fled to Jordan and eventually built on what became one of the largest e-commerce platforms in the region. So that's a story you celebrate, you share, you talk about it, that kind of inspires others. Another company is two guys, Eli Khouri and Jad, who were based a bit north of Beirut. And when the war in 2006 happened, they didn't have access to internet anymore. They had a dial-up connection. They built a company called Wupra, which is one of our big analytics company today. And they had to create their own compression algorithm because they were using dial-up. And this compression algorithm became the basis of the technology that actually moved in the valley and the venture back there. So those small stories, those are what you want to celebrate. And you kind of start activating small lights here and there in the community. And these kind of have a small radius of inspiration, not very large, but small rates of inspiration.  And then until you create those success stories that are the unicorns, only now that the Middle East started because the system became commercially viable, you're starting to see unicorns all over the place. You have acquisitions. Asian companies are buying left and right. And it's becoming one of those emerging markets that's there to grab. I see. And so on the point of the media company as an avid reader of the posts that you guys were creating, I know there is a thirst for success stories. And so it actually is something very important. Even if it is not the next billion dollar company, just the daily accomplishments of an ecosystem being documented, being shared, being celebrated, I think it's something that everybody there recognizes and actually wants as part of belonging to this ecosystem. So I think that was extremely helpful to everybody. Even me from here reading it over there, I thought it was really helpful. I think also the fear of failure and all of the stuff that we hear about that they're much more eccentric in emerging markets because you want to create a job for yourself. You also, it's not something that's very common being an entrepreneur and leaving what potentially could be a good job. And so just talking about it and make it more credible and making it more, putting it as heroes of the region is something that was very important. And this is why in retrospect, if I look at communities, I kind of could, building successful communities around building three main key elements. Communities of interest, communities of action and of purpose. When you combine the three, then you have a very powerful movement. So interest is around, in this case, around entrepreneurship, is around just building tools, technology, and it manifests itself. We did it through the media platform, but it could be done around anything else. If we have an interest in VC, we come to the conference, we read stuff about it. So we link, but with a very weak link. The second thing is action. So bring people together to build really cool projects. So we used to do those workshops with MIT Media Lab, where each year, the faculty and some students would go and for a couple of weeks long, we bring startups and faculty members and they build really cool innovations on smart cities or how to work with, how to get all cities more risk resilient. And so this is kind of the action part, where you bring people together. Arab Spring was an example of the action part. And the third most important thing is purpose. You kind of keep reminding the community that it has a bigger purpose than just being a group of people linked together. In this case, was creating jobs, was dignity, was pushing the future of the region together. And that's very important when you build long-term communities. Unlocking potential and talent, I think, is one of the big ones. You have people who are extremely talented, very dynamic, and just having that avenue and not depending on just local opportunities, but creating your own, I think is like one of the big drivers. Absolutely, and also, when you think about it as, and Brad Feld says something, has a word that's very nice, hierarchies of a network, networks of hierarchies. So distributed models of rather than top-down. And in the Middle East as well, you see countries that are in the Gulf, like in the UAE or Saudi or Kuwait, where they have a lot of cash, they try to build always import and build. We want to build John Hopkins University, we want to build the Silicon Valley, and it's always about like, let's pay, and let's build this big economical zone, where we're going to bring all the difficult people and they're going to figure it out. That never works. And so it's almost always bottom up with some helping hand on making sure that your regulations and all the red tape is off. So in terms of bootstrapping such a community, there's one area we don't always agree on. And it's the role of adapting existing technologies locally, which you call copy-paste innovation. Or actually transformational stuff coming up locally with things that are worldwide like impact. And of course, the second one, the worldwide coming up with the next transformational technology is more glorious. But is there room when you're dealing with a community that is not yet completely mature and has a lot of opportunities to create these kind of dynamics, to actually adapt locally successful models from elsewhere and create some success stories that trains engineers, designers, that gets the capital flowing, that gets success stories going? And does that help as a good way to bootstrap such a community? So what is your point? What's your one sentence? You don't believe in copy-paste or so that we can get people to vote on which ones they agree with? So my take, and I remember calling you on, when you were catching the plane on the way to the Middle East, you know, was don't neglect the copy-paste because it will stimulate innovation and success stories. And I'm not saying you did neglect it, but I think the mind share is always more present on the other stuff. Like we're going to create something completely new. But I think the first one is a great way to also like put money, ideas, talent to work on success stories. So I think it's powerful. Yeah. I think actually we do agree. We didn't agree five years ago. So I think, I mean, the thing is, you see a lot of copy-paste innovate. So the Amazon of the Middle East, the Uber of the Middle East, but usually it doesn't stop at just having the right business models, the business economics and just building a company that does e-commerce, whatever. It's usually happens where they have to build many things around it. So Sugdov Cometches, the first Unicorn, a few years ago, we came to Unicorn in the Middle East, basically had to build their own e-commerce platform, but then they had to build their own payment as well because the credit card penetration was low and people would use something called cash on delivery. And cash on delivery, where you say I wanna pay with cash, but once it gets delivered to your door, the impulse buying is lost. So you said, I don't want anymore. And if you're shipping across border, then after you're stuck in customs, the whole issue. So to fix that, they create those scratch cards that are available in many different emerging markets, that became a different company on its own. They also had to create their own logistics company because last mile delivery was also a pain in some countries. So there's always a copy paste, but there's always an innovate next to it. And I think that the difficulty of building business in emerging markets also builds walls. And so other international competitors have much tougher way of actually entering those markets. All right, so we agree more than before. But speaking of when you were on the plane on the way to the Middle East, what was your first investment? While you were heading there, it was in my company, so big disclaimer. But it brings me to the next question, which is what is the role of your existing network as an investor and how does that relate to your next step as somebody coming back to lead the E14 fund at MIT? So, I mean, I'm a proud investor in Ziad's company, friends and investors. And I was telling Ziad before we got on stage about how important I think as an early stage investor, you have to build a relationship with the entrepreneurs. And it's really about the personal connections that one has to build. Because most of the time, and a lot of VCs would come and say, we bring value and we can open doors, and we're gonna create this whole amazing thing for you, but really it's all about the entrepreneur. And the role of the VCs is very much a guiding, a sounding board and a guiding person more than anything else. And also a therapy provider, a therapist, and I'm not, I have been a therapist. I would lie on the couch. Ziad has been mine in many different cases, but it's very important to build that relationship. And I'm actually quite lucky now that I'm moving and I'm building the E14 fund, which is a fund that initially was incubated in the media lab and now is spinning out to focus on all of MIT, where I could build those relationships early on with students that are still thinking about spinning off companies. I think it's very important, not just because we need to be aligned, it's not about having to be friends before to invest, because I really need to know who you are, I need to know who I am, I need to know how to interact, how you like to work, how you think. Because at the end of the day, as an early stage VC, it's really about pushing you to do the best what you can and giving you my network. And you have to figure this out. In fact, when I first moved and I'm trying to figure out MIT, I'm new to MIT, I'd realized that there's so many programs all over the place, really amazing programs, but there's so many of them, it's lost. There's like a map and I don't know who's what and where I can get money, et cetera. And I was trying to figure it out, but I was talking to students, I realized you don't have to, because the good students, they have figured it all out. They get all the free money, all the free network, all the free support. They just know how to work the network out. So it's really about putting it out, making sure it's accessible. And as someone who has gone through the motion as an CEO, as an investor, it's about just giving you advice here and there, but also being sure that you are there at all times in terms of the support they need. Okay, and I have one question, but I don't know if we have time for opening up for the Q&A after this question, or was this the... Groundhog. Okay, so my last question was when you're talking about the people who know how to navigate the system, which is great. How do you feel about, as an investor, so as a VC, I was always torn that the people you are most likely to invest in are the ones who need you the least, right? It's a moving train, people don't even need you, and you're trying to be like, no, please take my money. On the other side, you have people you think you can really help, and if they just get things started the right way, it could be a very powerful story. And how do you kind of navigate the two? I see it as more of a very long-term game. I don't think you can find a company that's moving very fast and just... The company will not move fast. It's not like an abrupt binary thing where sometimes moving slow and then it's gonna move fast very quickly. It's moving faster than a long time ago. So you have to catch it early on. And to catch it early on, you have to position yourself and really be a very friendly and very thoughtful investor that can work and open up your doors and all of that. Actually, Joe Yito, who's the director of the Media Lab, has something that he has, his book called Whiplash, which has 10 principles. And two of his principles apply to a question. One is power of pull. And it's the idea that you actually position yourself and you work within that you actually pull on the network rather than push on the network. And if you are in a position where companies will actually come to you, then it becomes much more easier than you actually pushing on that. And number two is the compass of a map. So rather than thinking about this as the strategy, you want to go after and really planning for it. It's about just being able to have a compass and to navigate that system. It really comes down to a mindset approach. And so at the Media Lab, for example, even the companies that spin off and we don't invest in, like, we always make sure that we create a community, that we link them back and eventually they'll come around. The next startups, when they want to launch it, they'll come around. All right, Habib, it's been a pleasure to see you improve the community in terms of activism. It's been a pleasure to see you push the community in the Middle East. As your investor. As my investor. And looking forward to your efforts in the MIT community and the Boston area. Thank you.


So what is this and how about this, is this even a function? What are those greater than or equals doing in the middle of my JavaScript? We're going to be talking about all of this on today's episode of browser neighbor. I know a lot of people get confused. In fact, I remember when I first started seeing these and I'm like, what the heck is that? I have a sample and everybody can get to this sample at the URL we'll show on the screen. But at the top, there's a couple of traditional functions. I could not figure out what you call a non-arrow function. It's either a regular function or a traditional function or just a function. They didn't go back and name the old type of function. But anyway, a couple of traditional ones. The first one is a named function. And the second one is an anonymous function that's been assigned to a variable. So kind of similar. Yep, I use both. You do. I do named functions more often, I think. Or anonymous functions, excuse me. You can actually combine them, by the way. You can put a name on your anonymous. Well, it's not anonymous anymore. But anyway, the advantages in the stack trace will show the names of the named functions. But anyway, the arrow function, there's four different formats that I know of anyway. And you can see them here. So the first one is kind of the whole enchilada. You've got arguments, and you've got a little body that you could put as many statements as you want. In this case, we're just returning the sum of these two. Let me just show the result tab. It's really simple, right? It's all about just showing the code. And then you, but then if you, all you want to do is a return statement, then you don't need the squigglies or the little braces or the return statement. You just put the output value. Right. And then if you don't have, if you only have one parameter, then you don't need the parentheses. Right.  Yeah, I think that could be super helpful for that. So yeah, so that's the main thing. I mean, there's a couple of other little things about them. One is there's the, you can't have a name for your error function. It's always anonymous. And they don't support the arguments array, which is a little obscure. But if you have a random number of arguments or whatever a variable number of arguments, you get this array inside of the function, you can't get those inside of arrow functions. Right. Right. We have that in .NET too. Yeah. When writing C sharp, you'd have the args from your host, your startup function, and you'd have the args and you could do something with it. So we're kind of used to having that. I don't know that I've really ever used it in JavaScript. I mean, not that I couldn't, I just don't have it. Yeah, right. I don't have any for very often. The other big difference is really about the this keyword, which is already confusing. Yeah. And so I guess I would invite people, as we go into the second sample here, I would invite people, if you'd like to see an entire episode dedicated to like, what is the meaning of this? You know? Yeah. Oh, what is the meaning of this? Yes. You know, drop us a comment because I think it's something that confuses a lot of people. In any case, this is, somebody had the idea that it was smarter to have the definition of the this keyword inside of a function be determined by how you call the function. So it's the opposite of encapsulation. It's like if I had something that was encapsulated and I took a piece out and put it somewhere else, just to randomize myself. At least that's the way I feel about it. Yeah. So here's an example. Here, I'm gonna add some HTML to the page and well, that's just a little utility function, but I'm really gonna create a mascot object. And so I'm gonna pick on Parker, the porcupine and the PNP mascot. And in a regular function, to this follows the normal binding rules. So get message, if I call it down here, mascot.getMessage, right? Get message one. I end up with, here comes, and it works, it pulls the name out of there. Whereas in the arrow function, let's see what happens. I get back invalid name. Right. And the only reason I get back invalid name is because I set window.name to be invalid name.  Right. And so that's an example where it's really, you know, kind of the traditional function sort of works better, it seems to. In that example, yeah. In that example, but then there's a counter example that I have, which is based on a callback. And arrow functions are really handy in callbacks. So here I have still window.name is invalid name, but now I'm gonna delay showing the output. So set alarm is gonna in one second or however many milliseconds, it's going to display the name. Right. You're saying, hey, I wanna time out in this many seconds. And so when it times out, it'll run the function. So we are calling it from a different context than we were the last time. Exactly. And that inner function is a traditional function. Right. And so this, what happens is that it doesn't work very well because I'll just fast forward to the hey invalid name time to wake up. Why didn't it work? Well, because set timeout, the contents of this is determined by what object it was called on. Yeah. And since set timeout doesn't really know about the mascot object. Right. It just sort of doesn't know what to do. So it gives you the global object or undefined depending on your context and what your strict mode and stuff like that. Whereas then the second example, we have a nice arrow function. Right. And that one, as you saw before works. And the reason that that works is because the this keyword is based on the outer function. So it's sort of being handled the same as a closure. In other words, the things that were outside of a nested function are available inside the nested function. Right. And so it sort of is more like a familiar to a C sharp developer, it just kind of seems to work because Parker, this dot name, the this was defined right here. Right. And because you have a traditional function because set alarm two is that traditional function like in our last example, it had in our last example, the this keyword was from the object. And so now by using an arrow function in your set timeout, you're getting that this context passed through into that arrow function. So this dot name, that means the same thing as it does for the traditional function. That's right. It makes perfect sense. Maybe. Well, once you know what you're doing, yes, I think it does make perfect sense, but figuring it out, maybe not so easy. Do you have any, any thoughts to add on all of this? Well, I think one of the, the sort of great things about the arrow functions, especially is when you're using certain frameworks, I'll use react as an example because it's one of the ones I do a lot. You end up having to, so for like HTML DOM events, you want to call a function from your event. And the this matters in that case, because as you were explaining, the context of this depends on how you're calling the function. And if you're calling it from an event, then the this is the DOM object and not the function that you're in or the class you're in or however you're calling that thing. And so by assigning a variable, and so we were sort of talking at the beginning, using the anonymous function, setting a variable name and then setting the variable name as the event target for your event means that you don't have to do the extra work of binding the function to the event. It just works right in the DOM. So that's a really handy use of arrow functions that I find. And you also brought up the map and the this, those are good examples too, but I love the fact that I can use arrow functions to bind events in HTML, that's handy. Really good perspectives, I agree completely. So I guess I would say, if you like this video, please give us a like, please subscribe to the channel. It'd be great to have you get notified of, because we're gonna keep creating these and there's a lot of other great things here on the Vojtaunos channel. And especially watch the classes video, which is coming up soon, where you'll learn how to use JavaScript classes, including arrow functions. Great, hey, see you next time.


Welcome folks, we at the Dow Industrial finished up $63 and has taken up $193, S&Ps up $30. Gold, gold contract down $1.90, trading at $2,046 an ounce, you get Silver off $0.10, $0.24, $0.12 an ounce, light sweet crude up $0.28, $0.69, $0.66 a barrel, that baby is going to $0.30, $0.63 folks. 10-year notes and bonds, 10-year note down 3 ticks, trading $1.1101, that rejected lower price out here today and actually finished close to its highs, 30, 30 year down 17 ticks at $1202 and then King Dala, you know King Dala basically took it on the chin out here today so pretty wild and it looks to me like that you know the King Dala wants a lot lower price so today it was down $556 and $103, 597, now I'm going to start with the Dala because what's going to move this market is tomorrow morning you get the jobs number and you know we're still in this inflection point about rates about the Dala and all of the above and the way this is looking okay so what we did and on in the Dala is that we did look at that we almost did a .382 just missed it actually and then and that was also going into the monster down draft that we had you know about three weeks ago and then just gave it up again man I mean the way this they know this is this is a wide bar man so it's a wide bar so that is actually saying that tomorrow this jobs number is probably going to be light and this is where bad news is good news for the marketplace why because you know you know plenty of market participants think that the interest rate structure of the Fed is over you know they had one more that was laying out there but the bottom line the way these numbers are coming in and then so then the real question is is that how long do they stay at this level well when you're a restrictive level for the Fed folks okay once they feel that the inflation is under wraps the Fed doesn't stay at restricted level they're gonna go to a neutral level you know you either have a light level that you know you almost get free money out there's no such thing as free money okay but the bottom line is that you know you either have a less restrictive rate a restrictive rate or a neutral rate and the neutral rate it basically is lower than we are right now have a great night folks have a safe night come back and visit Tommy tomorrow morning kicks us off 9 a.m.


Hello, and welcome. We're going to do another screencast dealing with GeoGebra and some of its graphing capabilities. In this one we're going to be graphing equations and setting the viewing window for the graphs. This time we're going to show how to use the menus to set the viewing window, rather than using the graphical method of kind of stretching or contracting the axes and moving the graphs around. So here's what we're going to try to do here. We're going to start with graphing this equation, x squared plus y squared equals 1. And many of you may know, it's not necessary that you do here, but many of you know, I hope most of you, that graph of that is a circle. It has a center at the origin, at the point 0, 0, and has a radius of 1. Now if you're using your graphing calculator in its normal function mode, it is possible to graph that equation, but it takes a little bit of work. The first thing you have to do is solve this equation for y. That's because in function mode your calculator will only graph things of the form y equals f of x. And so what you will get here are two possible solutions for y. One of positive square root and the other the negative square root. And basically what you have to do is superimpose the graphs of those two equations. Now for this equation, it wasn't too difficult to solve for y. For other equations, that can be a very difficult thing and sometimes impossible thing to do. So it's nice to have the ability to be able to graph equations. So what we're going to do here is graph the equation of this circle and the graph of this second equation. And again, this one you may not be quite as familiar with, but some of you may recognize this as the graph of an ellipse. The center of this ellipse will be at the point 2, 0. And we will see that when we do get the graphs sketched. So here we go with geogibra. And again, we have our blank algebra view and our blank graphics view. And the nice thing here is we can simply go to the input line, input the equation, and geogibra will attempt to sketch the graph. And what you see there right now is something that really doesn't look like a circle. Remember, it's supposed to be a circle. And the main reason for that is if you look carefully, one unit on the y-axis is very different than one unit on the x-axis. So we can try to make adjustments by doing something like that and saying, okay, that looks pretty good. That looks like a circle. The other way is to be a little more precise with it and use the menus to do this. And the way we use the menus for viewing window in geogibra is we go to the options, go to advanced, and this is the graphics symbol. And you can see the pop-up there. It comes up preference, graphics. Click that. And now you see something much like your graphing calculator where you can enter x-min, x-max, y-min, and y-max. For getting the axes in the correct ratio, this next line is very nice. It basically says what ratio do you want the axes. To get this in true perspective, so a circle will look like a circle, we're going to want to change that to a one-to-one ratio. Before we do that, we might be interested in saying just change the x-axis since we know the radius is one. Let's just go from minus two to two and now come down here to the ratio and change this to one-to-one. And when I hit enter, I have to do notice what will happen with y-min and y-max. Those get changed. And what we can now do is look at that and say, okay, yet we've got our circle. We may want to move it. So we grab a hold of the move tool and move it into a position that we like. And again, with GeoGebra to superimpose any graph, we just, okay, tell it to graph the next thing. That'll be another equation. x minus two, that whole thing squared, divided by two, plus y squared equals one. And GeoGebra will attempt to graph that. And the whole thing doesn't quite show up. But you can kind of start seeing the elliptical shape there. We can try to move and it doesn't look like we're quite going to make it. Try to set the viewing window by the menu. Notice I'm going from minus one here and three or so is out a little further. So when I look at that, I might use that to kind of give me some advice on how to set the viewing window. If I don't get it right, we can always go back and change it. But just to save a little room, maybe we'll go from minus two to four. And hopefully that will encompass the whole thing. And again, we'll change the ratio to one to one, so our circle looks like a circle. And there we have it. Nice picture of those two graphs. And just this kind of one last little thing of review. If we wanted to find the points of intersection, yes, we could use algebra, but GeoGebra will also illustrate those points and give us decimal approximations for those coordinates. We go up to the point menu and select intersect two objects. And then simply select the two objects that we want to use. And now we get the two points A and B. I currently have GeoGebra set to four decimal places for rounding. If you want another rounding option again, just go up to options, rounding. Set it to two, three, four, whatever, so if we did three, now we've got a three decimal digit approximation of those coordinates. So actually, graphing equations in GeoGebra is quite easy. And I hope you find it to be a useful tool. Good luck with using GeoGebra and so long.


Welcome to the session. Let us discuss the following problem. Today, let A is equal to 1, 2, 3, the number of relations containing 1, 2 and 1, 3 which are reflexive and symmetric, but not transitive is A1, B2, C3, D4. Now let us write the solution. The smallest reflexive relation set A containing 1, 2 and 1, 3, D4, C3, D4.


Eighth pick in the 2023 NFL draft, the Atlanta Valkyries select, Bijan Robinson here. Ready to go. Let's go. It was really exciting to end up being here. And you know, obviously it's a great team that I'm about to go to. What's up, Lucas? Hey, what's up, Valkyries fans? This is Bijan Robinson here. I'm gonna do everything in my power to be the best human being, best person, best player I can be. I love it, man. I love it. Yeah, sir. And then I saw, they called and I was like, I was like, shoot. See, it was crazy. Good? I got you. Good, sir. Yup, got you. Just so amazing to get to now finally show up at the facility and just meet everybody and everybody's so excited just as much as I am. So it's been amazing. See, you don't have a sauce. I just put it down. All right, go ahead. Yup, yup.


Everybody forced here ripping 2022 tops from sapphire edition baseball 10 bucks full case number 13 random teams Results on your screen can be found anytime late sports cards comms. Go ahead and get started Yeah, you got comment on his our biceps Matt. Yeah Appreciate it I don't know what to tell you man 10 box arena here we go That's good That's how I am The thinner trash can Think it was not but hey, I don't know It was a chat regular. So I Hope I would hope not. Yeah, same. It's a louser. Ben and Tendi brash Bieber Do a numbered card recap Chrono worth a Toronto talent in orange Louis Arias twins your twins one of 25 picks Lynn auto martin Perez McCann and Eloy Sorry about the glare after some of the few for first your packs are still getting used to a Like hand placement is so is so touchy with breaking and then when you get new position in the room. It's it's different Castro Alberto lift off and wisdom Labor Torres followed by a gold show. Hey, oh, Tony 17 of 50 that is Jersey numbered. That's awesome angels. Are you kidding me? That's unreal. No, I need to break one of these out big time gold. Congrats angels Giants and albies now run a heater got Boz Corbin arise and Bogarts.   Actually, I'll roll it in a second Let's set that up top there. Good to the red first got my Ada Red going Dodgers is nl. Winsleaders Brias Rios Wayne Wright and Bueller again Dodgers majority there five of five That's awesome and a Bruhan get rolling a die one two three left for the Marlins four five six right for the Mets Six right side of Mets on that one. Keep the die right there. I have to roll some more Niko Horner. We got gold Tom Murphy Mariners. That's out of 50 Pozo and Vigio Kevin Vigio Slaws right Joey Wendell Zerpa Diaz and Bader Hendricks Padres team card Eliezer Hernandez Matt Veerling. I was a Ciri Clint Fraser Grandal and Peyton Henry Ciri having a good year the Scotty Moving on Dodgers card gold rookie Seth beer Diamondbacks numbered 46 out of 50 This card Zona Austin Meadows Got Jared Walsh, Sandoval Graveman and Rosario Mackenzie Cindergarde Phillips Gavin sheets So what's uh, what's ever what's the sports everybody's watching a night? Probably baseball right women's women's World Cup is that's going on right now? Not like this minute, but like later on tonight like late late late tonight Fraser Torkelson Edmund and Jorge Lopez Muller Soroka raise card and Steiger Hey Zeus Aguilar Archer Rotega Brantley Yeah, the boxing match forgot about that Alina Gunther Cardinals card and Brad Miller Think it's just the Paul and Diaz fight Clements Marlins Widener and bucks at which Paul win because Because money Yeah, Pineda got a gold cold Tucker for the Pirates out of 50 Zimmerman and Castro From that chair Donnie back in your chair Soto patino how's her and France Smith Collins reds card in Korea Ashby. That is a Diaryl on this one Lester's majority His Turner Soto and Harper Dodgers Nats Phillies So let's see Phillies is Noel Dodgers Phillip are Nats I'm looking for Nationals Sean D. Diaryl here one two three four five six Three middle nationals Kyle Seeger Caprillion gold Mike Brasso Brasso Brasso to 50 for the for the Rays Para Obert Otani Calhoun and Hernandez. Oh summer slams tonight Miguel Hans Krause Logan Allen and Charlie Morton Lazardo Dash Lafani Melanson and Barrios Yeah, Diaz will say in bag. He's he's getting that paycheck Got a bread gardener orange moving on Dodgers card. I just doing really well here 25 Auto Lopez brain of belts Manoa Castillo crochet Gibson how far that's a blue jays Padres Diaryl here one two three four five six blue jays left Padres right Six right side Padres The gold coming up here if they're Michael Chavis is a Christian Arroyo Red Sox That's out of 50. Congrats Boston 34 out of 50. All right box five flirty gomes Rasmussen and Hayes Joe Ryan, Eurania, Morland and Voigt. Voigt as a Yankee still in that one Curvin Castro, Alfaro, Philly's team card and Shrout base Carson Kelly, Freeland and Orange Bobby Dalbeck future stars of 25 Red Sox and a Shane McClanahan A Steven Strausberg, Badoo, Bradley, Abreu Another red. We got another red coming. Nice. So you got Chris Bassett Luis Heal Oh Evan White and it is Max Stasi Angel's color match. Angel's killing it Goldo Tani Red Stasi three of five Hey, have a good one sweeted sweet said Thanks for hanging out Max Kepler, Golda 50, Jose Ramirez for the Guardians That's nice 29 to 50 Guardians A good break here. That's all Braves on that one Richards, Keller, Jackie Bradley, Jr. and Chapman. All right I don't like Otani's MVP odds like minus 10,000 or something. It's actually insane For two for like two whole months left. That's actually ridiculous Water Montas Davies and McMahon I kind of know but I don't know because I don't bet so Yeah, I don't either Look at us for Freeman, Garver, Orange Angels, Cinder guard here out of 25 And a Gregorius Mountcastle, Upton, Darnode and Castellanos Nick Castellanos Red Sox team card, Gold, Josh Shredik, Diamondbacks out of 50 Check for a majority real quick. Padres, Justin K, Braves is Atlanta, Sean H and then you got the Mets Phillip R One, two, three, four, five, six on the die roll One going left Padres Yeah, I was saying that I was saying that like two days ago. Okay. I was like, yeah Shohei could probably stop playing right now when MVP Jordan, Gamble, Gordon and Abrams rookie for the Padres Yeah, as the next was this war like a Kunya or Carol at like A couple points lower Die roll here, Blue Jays and Rays here. One, two, three, left Jays, four, five, six, right Rays There's a five going to go right side here with the Rays Well, here we go. We got a Blue Jays Yankees and White Sox triple I'm going to check for majority Blue Jays Phillip R Yankees is cool. Yeah Alvin S and White Sox M Jeff M one, two, three, four, five, six. We know that we know the drill. We know the drill It's a five way out there going to the right side White Sox We know it by now. We just keep on rolling like Lynn Biscuit Yeah, D minus Classe Andrews Chapman and Brian Miller All right, Donnie. What about the band? No, no, no, no, no, no, no What about I gotta give you I gotta give you like one or two more here No, I'm just gonna get the chat going Get the people going Perduco, Lyles, Steven Matts and Pinder I've got to think of it first. That's all Keegan Aiken, Bradley Zimmer, Golda 50, Danny Janssen, Blue Jays When you're a cruise rickie-based Pirates Raphael Devers, Yandy Diaz, Jose Glacius, Andrew Vaughn What about the band named Chicago? D Jeff Hoffman, DJ Friedel, Montgomery and Gilbert Tom Harte Braves, Carr, Robbie Ray, Blackman What's James Brown? Just James Brown. He's the name of a person. He didn't have Austin Edges, Chris Owings and Texas Rangers No, I didn't help John It's Jake Arietta, Kevin Kiermeyer, Colin Moran, Joey Votto All right, what about the name? Hannah Montana Cut Brian Henrik, Cruz, Marcus Simeon, A for rhyming and Golda 50, Guillermo Heredia Is it Heredia or Heredia? Go Braves to 50 I don't know Florida, Georgia Line The band Florida, Georgia Line, the other country bands, right? What would you give the Here's a good band name. What was that? Brown band? Oh, man Salad D Anything, just a name, just gives that Pretty much, no creativity Trevor Rogers, Greg Deekman, Louie Garcia, Riva San Martin It's like Brooks and Dunn. It's two different names Uh, Escobar, Singer, Klueber and Darvish Klueber as a Yankee What about, um What about, uh, I got one. I got one. Um, what's the name? We forgot the name Javier Baez, Carter Keeboom Gold, White Sox, Team Card to 50 Uncle Cracker, what about Uncle Cracker? MVP meets Rookie, 1, 2, 3 left for the, uh, Rays, 4, 5, 6, right Phillies 3 left side Rays Yeah, Uncle Cracker's like a D Uh, Robbie Grossman, Candelario Gold, Cardinals, Team Card to 50 as well And a Padres Card What was that band I was thinking of? J-Hap, Mike Bowman, Eduardo Rodriguez, Jackson Kowar Burlander, followed by an Orange, Eloy Heman as the 25, White Sox, second numbered Eloy Alex Dickerson, Jorge Polanco, a High Five, Highway, Gregory Soto, what about corn? Cleveland Garcia Corn's probably the K Oh man, what a twist Jesse Winker, Dallas Keichel, Kevin Ploewecky, John Means C-minus C-minus Because it was a vegetable, it got a little old If it wasn't a vegetable, it was going to be brought back to vegetable stuff What's up, Zach? How's it going, man? Had a good time, dude? It's good to meet you in person I had an exhausting time, but had a good time Paul, you may have missed it We were raiding band names earlier for an entire Chrome hobby case McAllers, Angels Card, Myers and Riley Salad hour for just By letter grade, the only A pluses that we got were Red Hot Chili Peppers Smashing Pumpkins And Soggy Bottom Boys I forgot what that one was Roman Gonzalez Andia Bañez and Brandon Crawford We were raiding band names. That's what we're doing Corn gets a C-minus or whatever from Don Adolis Garcia, you know uh Gold Adele, Future Stars to 50 for the Angels. Do you have a good national, Zach? DJ Stewart, followed by Orange A Powerful Honor, Padre's Card to 25 Eugenio Soares, Jake Berger Maldonado, Lorenzo Cain, Jimenez and Cal Raleigh, what's up? The Powerful Honor, it sounds like a Star Wars card It does sound like someone we're going to hit later in Sapphire Burns, Solano, Frias and Solak Dondon's Clearwater, you mean Creed Dons Clearwater Revival? What are you talking about, Paul? Wait, what? It's a Dondon's Clearwater Revival Creed Dons Clearwater Revival Get it right, Paul Yeah, we were doing Donny band names before we did that too We had like Don Terra, Don Talica We always go back to the classics We really do Don Out Boy, Whitmerfield, Edwin Diaz, Gold to 50, Jonathan India Reds Fallout, Don Oh, I got you, Zach I'm so confused right now, I'm sorry man I'm doing 50 things at once Hoskins, Adon, Nats, Team Card, Bryce Harper See, this is what happens when you keep thinking about fans I'm confused because I met somebody else from West Virginia at the National And that's just very rare, you meet two people from West Virginia in like the same week Connor Falefa, Farmer, this is the last one And Dodgers get the majority on that as well And Louise Garcia Yeah, I forgot the other band names that we gave good grades to There were a lot of like A and A minus, but the only A plus is where those few Jonathan Daza, Orange to 25, Lewis Brinson for the Marlins I was not saying Zach So I met somebody in person, I'm like Now I'm very confused Now I'm just very confused Emmanuel Rivera Nick Madrigal, Lane Thomas, and Chad Cool Zach, how long does it take to drive through all of West Virginia? Connor Siebold, Craig Kimbrell, Josh Van Meter, and Jonathan Dia I was like three and three hours Probably like 17 West Virginias for all of Florida Musgrove, Garrett Hampson, Purple to 10, Tony Kemp, A's And Tucker Barnhart Adams, O'Neill, Alex Reyes, and Tim Anderson Vaughn, got Gold to 50, Daniel Vogelbach Danny Burgers for the Brewers I'm thinking about a tick-tock Oh, they call them magazines fat Matt Olson, Alec Mills, Daniel Bard, and the Rockies Okay, pretty pretty good break All numbered cards here in no particular order Kind of, well I mean, there's only four different parallels Tony Kemp, Lewis Brinson, Jonathan India Powerful honor, Padres card there Joe Adel, Elohimenez, Cardinals, and White Sox Golds there Guillermo Heredia, Jenny Jensen, Josh Redick, Noah Cindergaard Jose Ramirez, Max Stasi on the Red to 5 Bobby Dahlback, Christian Arroyo Moving on Dodger's card, Mike Brasso, Cole Tucker, Seth Beer Tommy Murphy, just Tom Murphy Dodgers get majority in the Red Orias, Wayne Wright-Bueller on the wins leaders there There you go, 5 out of 5 for the Dodgers Elohimenez, purple to 10 Orange, Luis Arias, and Gold, Danny Burgers And definitely the card of the break was a Shohei Otani Gold Sapphire, it's Jersey numbered 17 of 50 for the Angels Can you believe that? Crazy Yeah, yeah Yeah, yeah And that'll do it Thanks again everybody, moving on to basketball


Hi, everyone Joe for jazby's case breaks calm coming at you with 2019 2020 Panini mosaic basketball pack break number three and ninety nine Sounds like a tax form Turning your 39 be sure to file your 399s big. Thanks to this group for making it happen There are the teams right there. Let's roll it. Let's randomize it one in a six seven times each different dice roll for the giveaway part as always Like I know it's unfair to ask for the next Tiger Woods for American golf The next Pete Sambres or Andre Agassi for tennis, but where where are those guys? We had the William sisters thankfully on the on the women's tennis hide Someone in the Instagram stream was saying Jordan Spieth Was supposed to be kind of that guy He's tailed off a bit though. Tiger's son. Yeah No love for Francis Tiaffo, but Tiaffo you banks is playing better than Tiaffo Tiaffo himself said he played awful All right, there's there's the first half of the list right here There's a second Marty fish Marty fish is always a good story when the Pro Ams roll around There's a second after this right there And then you have the broadcast saying a zillion times how Marty fish used to play tennis and now plays golf That was Marty fish, right? played pro tennis Plays a little pro golf here and there We need like we need Michael block. We need blocky But so someone who actually wins need the vibe of blocky In a guy that's winning majors Or in the hunt regularly. I think we'll hear got some SGA. That's not root gold Nice, that's not bad for Furcon corkmas three out of ten. That's what he does choose the three I've seen him come into games for the Sixers and Drain like four or five threes in like 15 minutes that goes to Oliver and the Sixers. There you go, Oliver corkmas And we got a rookie Rui Hachi Mora Getting a getting a nice little deal With the Lakers looked good at the playoffs Look to continue to develop there. This is Wizards edition going to James. All right So not too bad now. We're gonna see who's gonna win spots in this break right over here coming up in the next video The first spot cost of this break pretty inexpensive But it's only the top two that are gonna win All right, so All right top two will win spots in the NT collegiate Let's roll it. Let's randomize that list three and a three six the hard way top two after six one two three four five and six Fingers crossed. Good luck everybody A lot of sad faces here The saddest face in spot three the so close but yet so far Melissa, sorry But I appreciate you and everyone getting in for making this late-night rally happen I appreciate it, but only the top two can advance the next round and that's gonna be James and CJ There you go. Congrats to the both of you We'll see in the next video for the break itself. Jasper's case breaks calm. Bye. Bye


In his dialogue concerning two new sciences, Galileo Galilei made a rather heretical observation. The perfect squares are a very small portion of the whole numbers. For example, there are only 10 perfect squares between 1 and 100, but there are 100 numbers. But every number has an associated perfect square. For example, the number 1357 is associated with the number 1357 squared. So which is it? There are fewer perfect squares than whole numbers, or there are just as many perfect squares as whole numbers. Galileo's conclusion equal, greater, and less only apply to finite sets. And this radical idea got him into trouble with the authorities. Well, his support of the heliocentric model also played a role. But let's see if we can make some sense out of infinity. So, Vickard Dedekind gave the following definition, a set is infinite if there is a one-to-one correspondence with one of its proper subsets. So let's show that the set of natural numbers is infinite. So definitions are the whole of mathematics, all else is commentary. We have Dedekind's definition of infinite. And so we want to try and find a one-to-one correspondence between the natural numbers and one of its proper subsets. So what we need is a rule that matches every natural number with a unique other natural number in such a way that not all natural numbers are used. So let's think about that. We have our listing of natural numbers. And one possibility is to offset the match. So we can take the list of natural numbers and offset it by one. So one goes to two and back, two goes to three and back, three goes to four and back, and so on. And we see that every natural number is matched to the unique natural number that is one greater. And every natural number in A is matched to a unique natural number. And A is a proper subset of the natural numbers because it doesn't include one. And so the natural numbers can be put in a one-to-one correspondence with a proper subset. So the set of natural numbers is infinite. Let's add in one more idea. We define countably infinite. If a set has the same cardinality as a set of natural numbers, we say the set is countably infinite. Now suppose we can find a one-to-one correspondence between a set and the set of natural numbers. We can represent this correspondence by having our set of natural numbers and having our other set and identifying which natural number corresponds to which element of the other set. What's useful here is that we can interpret this correspondence as follows. There's a way to list the elements of S so that every element of S is somewhere on the list and every natural number corresponds to some element of S. Now in general, finding a one-to-one correspondence between an infinite set and the set of natural numbers is a matter of finding a way to list all the elements in order. The difficulty is coming up with a way to order the set. We have to be creative. And unfortunately, it is impossible to teach how to be creative. Being creative is a skill and the only way to get better at it is to practice. And most importantly, you will never be creative if you look everything up and do what other people tell you. So you should skip the rest of this lecture, but you probably won't. Let's take a different set. How about the set of integers? That's the positive and negative whole numbers along with zero. And we want to prove or maybe disprove the set of integers is countably infinite. And so the first question is, can we list the integers in order? No. There is no smallest integer. So there's no way to choose a first integer or is there? And the thing to remember is that order is where you find it. We only have to find some way to list all the integers. So we don't need to limit ourselves to a traditional numerical order. So for example, we might list the integers as 0, 1, negative 1, 2, negative 2, 3, negative 3, and so on. And this allows us to put the integers with one-to-one correspondence with the set of natural numbers. And we claim that every integer is on the list somewhere and every natural number will correspond to some number on the list. Now here's an important idea. We can make these claims and if they happen to be true, we're in good shape. But before we move on, we'll want to make sure that these are really true. Because remember, if you don't find your mistake, someone else will. So you'll want to check over your work very, very carefully to make sure you haven't made any mistakes. So we claim every integer is on the list. And so the question you should ask yourself is, can you think of an integer that isn't on the list? For example, is negative, well, this thing on the list? And if you think about how our list is organized, this negative number is going to come immediately after the corresponding positive number. So this number is right after this number. Of course, you might wonder if this number is on the list. And if you look at how our list is organized, this number is going to be the first term in the pair that's immediately after this number. Well, is this number on the list? Again, if you consider how the list is constructed, it's got to be in the pair right after this number. And so someplace way, way, way, way, way, way, way down on the list, we have this number and immediately after it is going to be this number. And so this number is definitely on our list. Now, we also may be claimed that every natural number corresponds to some number on the list. For example, the natural number 39,874. And since we have all of our natural numbers, we know that it's going to be matched up to some integer. And if you think about it, it's actually going to be a positive number and the first of a pair K, negative K. And you might get that by noticing that our even numbers are always matched up with positive numbers. And in fact, with a little effort, you can find the actual number. The 39,874th integer listed this way will be 19,937.