All right, separate traders welcome on back here this Monday. I'm losing track of my days already Losing track of the time right before I started the meeting here for all of us on social media Facebook live on YouTube for all of us In the inside the live trading room Chuck Debbie Norman Phil Brian Bonnie William included and everyone else Otherwise great to see all of you folks coming back here inside our live trading room and again Monday August 23rd Welcome on back here for our afternoon meeting. So we got a busy afternoon here. I mean really we've had a busy day Altogether we came off the phase two stock course earlier this morning. We introduced or reintroduced the time in sales program Talking about tape reading and in terms of just buying a position right not necessary not to do a shorting And that's what we'll be talking about this afternoon So, you know, we had a whole class for going along buying a stock We ended up talking about a couple of really nice trades in that one the VVOS included We'll get to that in just a moment Geo EV speaking of you know buying a stock or at least seeing a stock on the way up right now Easily enough. We'll put this on our main watch list heading into the clothes would have found this on the gainer side anyway But you know right now it's on the screen. So just put it on our list here to begin I know that a couple of us were calling it out just before as it was just you know, pushing up higher And yeah for right now, I mean, I mean you could see it on level three a clean 60 Oh now it's even more 61,900 share order sitting at 767 It was a clean 60 just a moment ago But 767 three pennies above the high of the day. That's your major volume based resistance So we'll see what happens at that price and then otherwise though folks, you know coming up for this afternoon's class We'll be talking more about shorts shorting a stock betting on it going down so to say So I'll tell you pxlw Get a pretty flat market all to all together today moved up at least after the open This is starting to shake around here perhaps beginning to find its legs for another bounce back up But I'll tell you I had a really good short trade on this stock going into the mid-afternoon. I took a minus two I Thought it was worth the shot at least one time and I ended up taking a minus two and then I ended up waiting You know ended up actually pulling right back down maybe about 30 40 seconds after I took the minus two so I felt compelled to jump back in I was up a little bit from the morning and Granted out that was all in the VVOS But you know it's to say that you know what I don't mind taking the same trade twice as long as you're following a very strong level So with that I took it a second time and it ended up paying off We'll talk about what happens coming up in class later on this afternoon little teaser at least of what's to come But right now pxlw either way I mean hey if you're not joining us in class this afternoon if you're gonna be trading I would recommend for you to not join class So you're not you know sidetracked watching class while this could be you know a nice runner for you So we're not trading in the class But we're gonna be going over at least the trades that were from today and perhaps if we have enough time We'll look at the live market, but we actually have that lined up coming up Wednesday this week either way Pxlw if you're not joining us for class later on this afternoon at least this one will be a nice play for you Heading into the close. It's building lower highs higher or lows So you still have to wait to see where it breaks out to I would imagine with the volume waning off since one o'clock eastern time That pop needs to come sooner much sooner than later So you know it's starting to pull back up, but it has to break out over the 33 34,000 share order. It's on the yaskel so sitting at 560 So for right now, I'll put this on our list the stock is easy to borrow as I took the trade short from earlier So if it ends up crapping out again, then that could be a new trade for you All right, so what we'll do is go from top to bottom now though otherwise and we'll see what else we got Also a little press for time. So I'll do a better analysis going into Wednesday I'm sure there will be a couple of things that happened from now into Wednesday of this week But I'll bring up Bitcoin briefly, you know all the crypto stuff I try and do Monday Wednesday Friday. Listen, we got class coming up later on today So for all of us in social media, I know my priorities So, you know, if you're looking to learn more about crypto and what we do on a day-to-day basis Join us live inside our trading room send you over quick email Otherwise I'll post that at the end, but um, you know, I'll do more Bitcoin likely on Wednesday this week Trill Trillium they ended up getting purchased by Pfizer. I think it was like $18.35 perhaps was the listed price per share, you know buyout price So for right now, we know either way buyouts don't move Now the VVOS trade, I mean I expected six to hold here You know, we were talking about this in the morning class talking about buying trades and buying stocks Anticipating them to make a move up higher So it's to say that this stock wasn't really the easiest trade, but man once this broke out over 630 It ended up getting halted instantly. I jumped in this trade from 632. We went over the trade in class I know a couple of us otherwise did, you know, a few of our students and it ended up paying off You know, it took maybe one false breakout over 630 right before the real push and halt now The dangerous part is this and actually, you know what I know this students tuning in right now And if he isn't I'll make sure I'll make sure to get to him later on if that's the case But I did have a question from one of our traders after the class finished up and I'd rather you know Just answer it here and you know have the small amount of time So it's to say, you know, why did you get out where you did so long story short?  All right, so either way right now this thing's a Disaster right now this thing, you know, it was squeezing back up a little bit It was you know, trying to tease the breakout over six first test of resistance year fail I you know, could it pop higher heading into the afternoon? Yes, anything's possible But you know, I say it that way because the stocks trading 147 plus million shares today and even prior to this move Where it's up, you know 53 plus percent still prior to today. It was trading on average like less than 500,000 shares So, you know do as you both that I think it's more exhausted than anything All right, see what else we got here though in the meantime ABVC Interesting trade low volume push from like 230 ish up to all the way up to like 350 Of course took off really nicely But you know largely off low volume and once it popped really 280 that's when it really accelerated So, you know the runs done on this we've seen the song and dance all the time All right, GOEV no need to come back to this it's already on our list This one's still holding strong right now and you know if it ends up tanking completely like we've seen you know from last week Then let me know otherwise in the chat board then maybe we'll reconsider putting it on our list But yeah, that GOEV looks good the LITB trade It's like watching the grass grow for a little while here, right looks like a big order got filled Maybe about 10 minutes 15 minutes ago 223 speaking of tape reader Looks like that's largely off 135 a 13k print a couple of others trailing behind it another 15,000 right below it. So I mean it's there now, right? I mean it's been testing that price since but if we happen to see more volume getting filled at 135 Perhaps that could be the beginnings of a new run-up on this stock I'll tell you what for right now. It's almost like too slow for us for the meantime here I'll put it on our side list. I'll come back to this one at least at the end That pxlw so, you know already on our list that's next that one's you know back to 560 already So, you know for the meantime, it's a you know testing that 30 to 33,000 share order that we were talking about just a moment ago I don't have enough time here to really really like sit here and watch it with you folks You know for all of us that were in the morning class phase 2 lesson 1 You know we saw it happened once we ended up seeing a big order on the s getting filled and now that's as big as You know we happen to see here in the meantime All right, so we keep it going eq Quillium kind of spotty chart right now a very thin order book actually for cheap cheap stock like this Grnq I took a minus 2 on 5,000 shares earlier I was looking for a push up or minus 1 even I don't minus 2 minus 1 But you know just not any longer than I needed to hold on to this for it broke below a buck And I was you know up enough from the morning. I said you know what let's just get in at 97 You know if I get pop back up over a dollar. You're ready a few cents ahead of the curve and You know moved up at first, but it didn't even push up to a buck It held it like 99 and a half or whatever this is pulled back. I got out in this consolidation So, you know, maybe didn't even less than a penny, but you're minus one or so These this thing was dropping off after all right, so you never want to hold on too long folks, right? And though ENDP and no pharmaceuticals perhaps Stock took a huge hit going back into Friday pre-market ended up making a squeeze up them back down and I mean I guess kind of similar move here, right? I don't know kind of flat though for the meantime EVLDR not as flat here. It just popped up pretty nicely So a lot of volume you could see got filled Likely off the ask, you know more buying coming in at that point and that led to a nice pop So, you know, it looks like a decent chunk of that buying buying came in around 723 724 You'd assume 730 but otherwise for right now I knew HOD on this trade the VLDR So Debbie in this trade Deb M and in the trade just earlier. She did pretty well on it Yeah, for right now still pushing up though, so we'll put this on the main list. I was SCSN doing I was That's pushing back up right now. Damn. I took my eyes off this for way too long So I can't really complain too much, you know, I was watching this earlier a drop down towards 108 And I was hoping for it to drop off a little bit more like kind of similar at the same time as GRNQ But yeah, we saw this stock get crushed about a week ago at this point week and a half back from two Fridays to go Dropped from like 550 all the way down to 86 85 sensors So less than that I think but no shaking around from there and right now a little slow But at the highs, you know, perhaps this could make a nice short squeeze into the afternoon I was hopeful to see that on Friday off a buck So, you know if I ended up holding on to that trade actually from Friday less Friday, that is I could have made for a nice trade here All right, let's see what else we got though folks. I mean decent day for a Monday. So no come not really too many major complaints Well, no major complaints just a bunch of minor complaints. That's it CLSK and that's fine by me CLSK for right now Just you know a little weak at the highs or closer to the highs and the lows But you know looks like it's starting to shake down a little bit there treating crap volume per minute Canon you could say the same thing. Gee is only about three thirty five hundred shares per minute. The stock is trading per minute That's not much All right, folks I'll tell you I mean that's just about it on the gainer side that I see I mean maybe one or two other like kind of familiar names You know if there's anything that you see that looks good type it in the chat board Let me know anything up more than like five percent typically and then I'll take a look at the end We'll hop over to losers list here first Actually, maybe a small little intermission. How about how about this got one minute here for this Pxlw right to the 560 iceberg you're just talking about that a second ago. Look at all the green coming in right there So I had that up on a separate screen. It still hasn't popped it still hasn't broken a resistance yet So, you know a little talking point and we talked about it earlier a little free tip for all of us on social media otherwise perhaps but You never want to buy at resistance or like a right under resistance You never want to assume like that because without the confirmation above it or at least the break above that price Not necessarily going with the momentum. So it was testing it testing it testing it Hasn't popped it yet. So No, see what happens here, perhaps at the end Alright, so back to the losers list though. Otherwise, right? I tall is down eight plus percent here. It is short of all Did most of the dropping off earlier today? You know what? How about this? We'll go over this trade during the afternoon class coming up. So I didn't trade this myself I mean I'm kind of surprised that this dropped off as nicely as it did from the morning So, you know, I'll go back on book map. We'll go back on level four We'll do very much similar as to what we did from earlier this morning Like I'd said for our you know time and sales, you know long-class, you know here We'll talk about this the drop-off see how one could have you know caught this how one could have anticipated a trade As it broke below five dropped all the way down towards an eventual low the day 461 and Perhaps there perhaps there could be more room on the way down. It's just well It's moving the other way so far, but you know for for the meantime right now I want to see if there's anything even a little bit faster Got you I shouldn't have clicked that because this is like kind of the same move as TAL and if anything a little bit slower I mean, I always say this folks with the markets up as much as they are right now I mean, it's not as if the S&P's up like a ginormous amount, but you know markets are up right now I'm not really seeing a whole lot that looks like a familiar name on the losers list That pxlw pop 560 finally I'll go to that the very ends Let me know if there's anything else though folks up down left right more than 5% that you would want me to check out here For a jump to Bitcoin Say if nothing that I did I did my job just checking the Benzinga Pro here quick I got one and I'm not checking the chat right now inside the live trading room So if someone's typing in at the same time as I'm typing it here Then I'll give you credit, but SPR T Man, this thing is just going up and up once again blasted right over 10 as we started the afternoon meeting I just checked my Benzinga Pro right now and just saw the signal come come in so SPR T Definitely we're gonna put this back on our list Oh, you know what I got a scroll down my damn chat the trading room here I thought I I would have seen that earlier if I did that Norman called this out about four minutes ago So my apologies Norman was pretty early on this trade Also at the same time, let me take a look also from the chat I see from John s Dats DATS with a question mark not as much here. This thing is not doing a whole lot right now I probably ran through this already as I went across the gainer side This thing's not really looking that great be honest with you AMC new high the day going into the meeting I did yeah going into the 230 afternoon afternoon meeting I did it's up like damn near 10 percent, you know a little bit more expensive But one that we're very familiar with so I'd be more keen to follow the AMC trade and like that that that that's stock for right now DATS that was breaking all-time highs as a new listing back from Friday last week And it's one I'll keep on my side list, you know for right now, but yeah a little bit more interested in that SPR T More interested in the AMC About workhorse just got a little pop right now from Benzinga Pro It's like big as a big-ass volume spike jeez. Oh my goodness. What happened here hundred thousand share print got filled at 920 I don't know if there's news that came out on the workhorse just now I don't know just so let's pop up if there's no news out. I'll be honest with you I'm not gonna put it on our list and there isn't at least not yet You know if there is big news out then you know reconsider, but we see these like, you know sporadic volume breakouts Maybe it's unusual options activity. You name it, but you know if there's no volume coming in after this point Not interested All right, so folks I'll tell you I mean I also see a couple of other stocks at the highs It doesn't mean that we're gonna put them on our list, but hey if you do well on jet blue specifically You know if you day trade jet blue, you know more days than not or more weeks than not of the month Then you know perhaps you give it a look, but it's like pretty slow for our blood here in the meantime. I Rather follow that PXLW as it's flowing around that 560 level It's still above it. You got to look for more support coming in on the bid You got to see more orders getting filled off the ask simultaneously All right, and for all of us on social media again last go around on this But if you're interested in learning more about what we do here at Cybertron University our classes We just finished up more of our intro based classes last week So we're kind of more onto our intermediate courses right now the phase 2 course that is You know if you're interested in learning more just make sure you go right down to the link on the banner below the stream Just to get yourself signed up on a small trial and go from there But otherwise Bitcoin and then we'll go from them. We'll finish up got my Benzinga pro here first So show this just was up All right, so how do you mean to click on my Twitter feed either I really didn't but may as well start on this So I ended up posting this back from Thursday of two weeks ago August 12th So I ended up showing a couple of lines that I went over these lines with you folks You know the following day after and you know that Monday after and specifically from Friday last week I was talking about 49,000 why 49,000 a couple of points of inflection here closing right under it here Then ended up basically closing right above it here And then eventually once it broke and closed below 49k it made the big drop-off from that point So where have we left off since you know, this was taken back for two weeks ago. So let's look at Bitcoin here first Well, right now as we stand Bitcoin is you know above 49,000 broke above 50,000 But it pulled back since you know here We are right now the next bar on the weekly chart So hey for right now it wouldn't shock me or it hasn't shocked me I should say that it broke above 50 and you know floated a little bit above it given how volatile we expect Bitcoin to be I mean certainly these levels are not going to be magnetic every instance But if we happen to see it end up pull back below 50k below 49k closes back below 49k in the next part and you know, don't be surprised if we got that eventual pullback So, you know, I've been you know kind of saying that for the last three weeks here really I'm happy to be wrong like at this point. I'm not in the process of accumulating myself You know, I've done that already, you know If there's any major drop coming up, you know coming down the line ABL accumulate But I think that ship has gone and sailed I've already told you where I thought You know, so for the meantime, I'll be very happy to be wrong if this to just blast up higher and you know Run up to the next major resistance off at 59,000 roughly It was holding right under that as highs and then from there, you know It's closing right under 59,000 the all-time high I put up there That's the last horizontal line 64,000 854 so kind of that range would be the next you know resistance from there A lot of folks are calling for a hundred right out the gate 98 to 100,000 right out the gate I don't know how likely that will be We shall see now on the flip side last thing though because we got class coming up at 3 p.m. Eastern time We got about 10 minutes actually 10 15 minutes They can pretty good make good on time. All right, so Cardano. I mean, you knew I'd come here So I've been talking about this for a long time But I have to say really just almost every day for the last two weeks last week and a half and really since the 100 and 500 crossover here on a six-hour chart. This thing is just only gone up and up and up and up and up I know a bunch of us in our live trading room have jumped in on this with me over the recent month and a half two months Even more, but yeah for right now. I mean, hey, this is blowing my expectations out the water I'm so happy to be wrong. You know, I was expecting a bit of a pullback around like 250 or right around 275 to 80 It hasn't yet. So Where do I expect the pullback to be that from I mean, hey, I'll be happy to be wrong Right if this thing just keeps going God bless But I don't expect that to be the case right just like any equity just like any stock to be called out live inside cyber group You know this damn thing is not gonna keep going up forever We saw that, you know, we saw that here back in mid-May. So where could the next local top be? $3 and 10 cents $3 and 10 cents market and I'll be happy to be wrong That is my next prediction to where we'll have the next local top Now does that mean that it's gonna hold under there for three four months? No, I just you know, I think that's the next little top Meaning that I think it can't blast right over three in the coming days or even at the end of the week are going into next week early But $3 and 10 cents are right around there. Maybe 311 would bring Cardano specifically to a hundred billion dollar market cap and you know, I'm theorizing that that could be you know a Psychological level for smart money to look to liquidate and then look to buy back cheaper $3 and 10 cents roughly right there would Be the equivalent to a hundred billion dollar market cap for this crypto All right, that about wraps it up for me folks through so through all of my rambling the last five minutes Let me know if last call if there's anything that popped or dropped as I went through Got from Daniel PLTR retesting high the day and that was back from about five six minutes ago Actually, and you know the SPRT does look interesting P trader. I put that on the list already So, you know, it's gonna stay there PLTR very tradable stock otherwise, right? I'm not gonna put it on our main list Like I'd said before there's I'm sure a bunch of stocks that are near the highs at the highs and you know This is one that we love we love Palantir, you know, but you know, we got to be a little Conservative after a certain point a little picky here and there, you know Hey, if you do well on PLTR like I said on jet blue more days than not more weeks out of the month than not You're trading it do well on it and hey I'm sure you're gonna put it on your you know Your main list looks you know interesting at least with it near the highs All right, last one here actually actually last couple. I'm sorry and then we'll wrap it up But I said I'd actually go back to two stocks before I finished here the VV OS The P trader said it has a shake right now. I thought that was gonna be a shake-up P trader So that's why I was so jumpy to come back to this first But damn, I mean even more of a reason now to not put this on our list the VV OS trade I mean just hey if it's not breaking higher told you All right, last one was what was it the LITB the super slow one. Yes, things dumping off in that 135 Alright, so folks that about wraps it up for me here I apologize for the slow and late start actually for all of us on social media Facebook live YouTube one more time If you're interested in joining us feel free to go right down to the link on the banner below the stream Just to get yourself started for all of us there right now though Otherwise for all our students specifically rather over silver gold platinum diamond cyber trading students of ours We're gonna post the link for the class coming up pretty shortly our class our classes take place in a separate room Then our trading room at least years, so I know that rich will be commenting and providing You know audio going into the market close, but otherwise for all of our students I look forward to seeing you folks coming up in our class later on today. Take care


All right, good morning, happy Monday. Who's excited as much as I am on a day like today. Oh my god. What a what having looks like we're having 2000, 2008 all over is unbelievable. All right, good, good, good. Good to see you, Grant. Oops. There we go. We almost got the Michael for the other one. Good to see everyone. Good morning, Grant. Good to see you, everybody, John, everybody. Hope everyone's excited like I am on this let me tell you. I've been through this before and I think I'm seeing the next biggest thing is, you know, the financial crisis. I mean, just looking at all these banks, how they're all intertwined with each other. I know the president's going to be talking about in another few minutes regarding about what's going to happen with this bank. And everyone's very familiar with this one right here. But look at the stock. It was $700 last year. They said the CEO is a couple of a couple less than a week ago. They started taking their bonuses and sold all their stock at $300. I mean, this thing, who knows where it's going to open up at. But let me tell you, Jeffrey, I love you a little dollar sign. I like that. I'm going to start using that. This will be my new logo. Thanks a lot. Pretty cool. Anyway, what an unbelievable market is going to be?  There are people listening and you should. You should be freaking out when you see stocks like all these bank stocks and see what they did on Friday. I mean, PACW, latest thing, this thing is still getting crushed. WAL getting crushed. Actually, make this two days so you guys can see a little bit more on what happened because this all started on Friday. You can see this thing. This one was at 60, went down, 45 went up. A lot of us were trading SI. I mean, SI had this really big support levels right around here. Made a nice little pop right around that 285. I actually bought it myself on this one, too. I had a couple of, you know, I had a decent block of it, but thank God I got out of it. I got out of like right around, like right above round three. I think it was over here when we traded it right around here in 943. Yeah, around that 220 and it came right back down. I mean, look at all these stocks are getting really crushed. Now, what do we always say? Catastrophes make for opportunities. Okay. So listen, I feel bad for the people that had the money there. They're worrying about payroll.  Have you ever heard something called a foreclosure? All right. Everyone's always like, oh, how so foreclosure? How so foreclosure? Did you think for a second the person that was in foreclosure about what happened to that person? And you're like, you know, and everyone's like, well, that doesn't affect me. Well, this is this doesn't affect you that what this but these banks have done that you can't benefit from it. Now, there could be some bounces. I don't know where, but we're going to see where the buyers showed up on level four. So when we start going out there, we'll look at them. But this is what you train for when you missed COVID. Okay. And you saw that rally. Once again, all those people dying catastrophe. I get it. I know that. But what do you have to do? Everyone got into trading. So we got to get back into the trading and start getting involved in this. So we got the stock watch list out there. We're going to keep an eye on all these stocks. We have them all list on the watch list. I'll write them down. SI FRC WAL PACW SIVB, which is the big one. It's funny. They're not talking about the other ones yet. All right. But but definitely there's be some, you know, there's going to be some opportunities out there. Now also the big bags got lower head too. You know, Bank of America, all of a look even Bank of America breaking 52 week lows. They're all going to get affected by this. I mean, and the market's taking a hit. I mean, we're down almost 400 points with down 300. We were up this morning. I thought like, oh, you know what, the bail, you know, everything was going out pretty well.  Let me tell you, people are freaking out. All right. And and you know what, there was an analyst on TV, this guy McDonald. He already projected that predicted the stock markets going to go down to 20, 30 points in the next 60 days. Now as a long-term investor, as an IRA, I'm also very upset. I have my in-laws calling me up. They fasted what I do. I mean, we might consider getting out. Listen, we could always buy it back cheaper. But but listen, what you're seeing right now is not looking too well. Look at this Dow. When we talked about the Dow, I mean, I had a great rally back in October, you know, and that's not that far. And we were at 28,000. All right. So we had a great rally, you know, but overall the course of the year, I should point this out in the past two years, we have gone nowhere. Okay. Give or take about three, about five, 10% give or take. But we're on our way down. You can see what's happening. And this is just a spillover effect. Let me tell you, banks are not lending money.  I went to this big event and there was a lot of big shots there. You know, the retail, the office retail business is dead. It's 50% occupancy. It's going to be some type of great opportunities out there. So always remember, this is why day traders do well. Because day traders are always in cash. And that's who's going to benefit from us day traders. So as long as you're in cash and you're ready there, just sit back.  Yeah, you know what? This is where you just got to be patient and you just got to wait. You just got to wait. Just be patient. We're going to get there. And that's why you got to be logged into the cyber group room. That's why you can be part of the C2 team because this is what made us, you know, what we are. And this is why we've been doing it for 30 years. Okay. Now, we got all those stocks on the bank list. Like I said, I'm not here to analyze and tell you what's going to happen with them, whatever. We know what's happening. We see what's happening on the level four. We see the people trying to get out. So just, you know, for everyone out there, I know we got a lot of people on social media too, watching this too.  You don't think that they're over leveraged these some of these stocks. Okay. You don't, you didn't hear about them all these great deals that they did. You know, what would they say that wouldn't SIVB do? They said they got into treasuries and, you know, they got, they got locked up in some other stuff. They knew what they were doing. And you know, oh, you know what also they said that a lot had to do with it. That got, they got that screwed on interest rates. They raise the interest rates so high that also affected. So listen, they talked about people who started default on their car loans now. Okay. We think that's there's going to be a trickle down effect. This could be good to probably maybe the federal stop raising rates because they ran up too fast. But let me tell you, usually the trickle down effect, which some people don't believe in trickle down economics, but I do. What's going to happen is this will trickle down probably within the next six months where people start realizing, you know, they took money on their line of credits to fix their homes and they thought they were going to, you know, they factored in this amount of money, but it now costs that much.  Now the thing went up to like $70 a sheet. So, you know, all these things have to come into factor and trust me, and you can't tax your way out of this. So, there's going to be some great opportunities as traders just remember, as long as you're in cash. Now, what's moving this morning? I went through this list, Josh went through this list. We had a couple of stocks that were on this list and, you know, we had the CM, we had this stock right here, the CMND had a decent push this morning, cheap, but she's not really going that way or anywhere great, but she is up about 23% and she did trade about 900,000 shares in pre-market. So, we'll keep an eye on that one. Another couple of stocks, this one gapped up huge over, you know, over the weekend, but she came down pretty hard too. You know, she gapped up almost a $200, double the $1.90. Great moving stock, but we're not obviously trading these expensive stocks, which you already know about. This thing is not going anywhere. Look, we're already at 9%. And in 9% gainer is a $200 stock. Everything was big gainers out there.  I don't think a lot of people wanted to come out with news after what happened, you know, with all these bank stocks. So, we're not really getting that much out there, but let me tell you, all these stocks out there, PACW, look at this thing. This thing was at 18, it was at 30. It was a $50 stock. They're all being affected by it. Okay. So, everyone's talking about, once again, SIVB, SIVB, you know, Sonoma Bank, Sonoma Bank, Sonoma Bank, Sonoma Bank. What about the other ones? Okay. What about all these others? And they're trading now. So, whatever this president's talking about, if it's going to be a bailout or whatever, I mean, look, whatever it might do, the truth will be told within the next, I would even say today. Okay. They don't even know what they're going to be doing today because they don't even know what's going on themselves, actually. So, they got just all I know is the CEOs, they do what they were doing. They sold their shares. I think the CEO sold like me like three, four million dollars he sold in stock. He cashed out bonuses were paid out, you know. So, they knew what they were doing. All right. Now, they have to catch up to that. So, I don't know what's going to happen. This stock's taking a hit, too. ZION, another bank stock. Did we put that one? That was not on the watch.  ZION, that one, too. They weren't talking about that one, were they? What else is up there? Look, every one of them that we trade is on that, is on that loser's list. This one, I'm not going to be trading anything out there. Also, on that loser's list, any of other bank stocks? No. All right. New York Stock Exchange, ZIM is not that bad. ZIME, $22 stock, almost a million shares, up $2. That's not bad. This one, spread looks big. Look, it's up only, it was a 14% of old ETFs. I don't really look at anything right there. Let me see Key. Oh, Key's another one. There you go. We didn't talk about that one, too, right? Let me tell you what happens with these banks. These banks are backed by other banks. And then those banks are backed by other banks. So it's a trickle-down effect. So remember, by the way, who here was trading back in 2007 during the financial crisis? Remember? It all started with Bastern's. And from Bastern's, it trickled down to everybody else, right? Wacovia Bank, Washington Mutual, all these banks that you never heard of and they were pretty big banks, depending on what part of the country you live in, right? Some of you, they're not always the brand names of the city bank and Chakes and Bank of America. There are over 2,000, 3,000 banks. I don't even know how, 5,000 banks out there. Lehman Brothers, right. Merrill Lynch, all of them. Some of you don't realize they will trickle down to other banks. And depending on how invested they are, is how much in trouble they're going to get. So we could still be looking at it short. You could still be looking at it short. But let me tell you, all these stocks right here, they're doing pretty well. Keep an eye on all these triple shorts of the banks. UVXY is obviously one of them. I would keep an eye on and the UVIX, all these stocks, keep an eye on these stocks right here. These are the only time I'm going to have to trade these ETFs. UVIX and UVXY. Keep an eye on those. Anything else out there? Fos is another one. All those ETFs are doing it. So we've got whales taking a hit. FRC taking a hit. That's that one's down. You know, down 63%. Any other ones in a big one? A lot of these stocks actually just let you know they all trade in the New York Stock Exchange, most of them. CMA. That's a bank, isn't it? For those positive? I think CMA is a bank, right? That's another one out there. Somebody, they said somebody made this key bank right there, the one I was telling you about. What else is on that list? This is probably one of the bank stocks, too. Oh, it's a sector. Yeah, that's an ETF. That one's coming down. They said that somebody who knew about this short already, somebody made almost like a half a billion dollars on this short. Remember what I told you this weekend, what your homework was? Go watch the movie, the big short, because what happened in the big short is what's going to happen with these stocks right here. Anything I'm missing? Pretty excited about what's going to go on. Anything else I missed? Seems like the CEO withdrawing his funds should be classified as Insider Trading, Mike Allen on Facebook. Mike, you're absolutely right. You're absolutely right. Now, do they have immunity? Now, did they do what FTX did and did they donate a lot of money to a certain politicians and so on like that? Who knows? But let's see what ends up happening if somebody is going to get accountability to this because somebody is getting ripped up. But you know what is benefiting from it? You know what also is benefiting from it? I've got to mention Bitcoin. Bitcoin is up about 10% today because of all this stuff. It just shows you now you start weighing a different, hey, maybe it's not bad to deal with crypto than when you deal with that. So listen, where there's a catastrophe, there's opportunities. Absolutely, Josh. All right, guys, let's get ready for the market. Open up. We're going to start about 15 minutes. Once again, I'm going to be traveling later today. I'm going to be out tomorrow.  I'm going to be down there for the DTI, the onsite class that we're doing down in Florida. So if somebody is going to be there, I will be down there.  John, be able to guys take care of you.  The web is going to be down there and then I'll be back on Wednesday. But I will be here in the morning trading with you guys. All right, I'm only going down for the day.  All right, this is what we trained for. So see you back this afternoon.


I'm Zvonmyr Krazier, I'm clinical professor of medicine and cardiology at Baylor College of Medicine and also interventional cardiologists at Texas Heart Institute in Houston, Texas. I'm also immediate past president of the International Society of Endovascular Specialists. The topic of this presentation is the latest advances in imaging for endovascular interventions. Here are my disclosures, none of them are pertinent to the current presentation. As far as advances related in imaging concerning developments in the last decade or so, there are significant technological advances that have offered us reduction in the radiation dose, also integration of imaging modalities and improvement in image processing. And all of those have offered us better, faster, safer, and more effective care for our patients. Now let's discuss a little bit advances in pre-procedural imaging and there are many of them and I'm showing you some of the examples that are very important and pertinent. Rotational and geography for 3D imaging and Dynacity has offered us a great opportunity to treat our patients more effectively. The automatic reconstruction with a five-second rotational angiogram offers fewer images as far as duration to achieve the imaging is concerned and reduces the patient radiation dose. Also overlay of 3D volumes and contours or points of interest on the live floor images are now available. This all offers us better definition of the anatomy in patients that are those sensitive to radiation. Another example is the introduction of artificial intelligence as far as imaging is concerned and here is one of the examples of guided cardiac MRI imaging as the data is acquired from the MRI scanner. It is transmitted in the form of images that are reconstructed in a real time and then they are analyzed using custom artificial intelligence algorithms and then implemented and used to update the scanner settings as we can see in this particular scenario. So this is what we call one-click MRI. How effective this technology is, it reduces scan time from 90 minutes to 15 minutes which is absolutely amazing. Another progress that has been achieved is the use of CTA in coronary imaging and measurement of fractional flow reserve which is a non-invasive assessment of severity of coronary artery disease. Here we have two examples patient A and patient B. On the CT images we can see there is stenosis of the left anterior descending in the mid-segment that is estimated to be roughly 70%. When we actually use FFR we can see that there is a difference between two patients as far as FFR is concerned. The patient A has significantly better FFR values while patient B has worse FFR values. And this tells us that FFR in a non-invasive way is a more reliable tool than just plain CTA. Now when this patient under one coronary angiography, patient A we can see the lesion that was seen on the CT is not critical and correlates to good FFR as far as measurements are concerned invasively during angiography. In patient B we can see that the FFR shows a different number than we anticipated from the previous just plain CTA of this patient B. Now how reliable and how sensitive is this particular technology by hard flow in measuring non-invasively FFR? We can see the top blue line shows the use of FFR with hard flow and we can see on the right hand side excellent diagnostic accuracy in two separate clinical trials that fairs better than the use of a coronary CTA or even PET or SPECT imaging in assessing the severity of coronary artery disease. Another very interesting pre-procedural development is the use of elusive vascular cap CTA for in vivo tissue characterization. This is in vivo technology. We can see here images of the carotid angiogram and then we can see the pathological analysis comparing the findings that we can see that on the right hand side the plaque shows a composition of a lot of cholesterol liquid laden and a vulnerable plaque and severe and significant stenosis that correlates well in the mid-segment with pathological analysis. Now similar technology can be applied for treatment decision using this particular technology in patients with coronary artery disease. Here we have a patient with expected coronary artery disease and the CTA showed some calcium and no evidence of critical disease. Now using a vascular cap technology we can see the calcification that's relatively mild and the green is a lipid rich necrotic core or vulnerable plaque that can lead to a myocardial infarction. So the application of this technology is obviously non-invasive method of analyzing and detecting a vulnerable plaque. It offers a quantification of severity of disease and also therapeutic responses that might be needed or change in therapy to improve this particular patient outcome. We can also plan for PCI knowing the severity of disease and location of the vulnerable plaque. Again looking at outcomes and predictability of this approach and MACE outcomes in particular we can see in a brown curve that this particular technology offers superior results in comparison with several other technologies including a plain CTA and in this particular retrospective study with a 24-month follow-up looking at the vulnerable plaque the vascular cap was definitely more sensitive than some of the other technologies where this particular technique was compared with. Now what about advances in procedural imaging is concerned? We know that road mapping is very useful and accurate mode of evaluation and imaging to accurately assess stent deployment and also to decrease the operative radiation during the access or during the procedure and therefore also reduce the contrast load. More recent advances in dynamic road mapping has offered us something that the stationary road mapping is not able to offer us as we rotate the C-arm or II we still have good quality imaging as shown in this particular image on the right lower panel. Another advances that have greatly helped us in procedural management of complex anatomy is fusion imaging and this particular case is the use of fusion imaging during EVAR. We can use a preoperative CTA for pre-procedural planning and for parallax correction but we can also use this particular fusion imaging for C-arm positioning to assess the vessel origin such as the origin of the renal arteries or the origin of the iliac arteries as shown in a panel on the right hand side that offer us the accurate deployment of the stem graft during EVAR procedure. One of the latest and the most exciting advances as far as images is concerned is fiber optic real shape imaging during EVAR or FORCE that is being investigated by Philips and here we can see that fiber optic catheter and wire is being advanced through a very complex and tortuous iliac artery anatomy during EVAR procedure. We can see then the catheter position that has offered us a great benefit in cannulating the contralateral gait and also for positioning of the stem graft in perfect position just below the origin of the renal arteries that's marked with a green ring and then we can see on the right hand side a final image or the angiogram showing a accurate placement of the stem graft in desired location and here on the final angiogram we can see excellent result at the completion of the procedure. Now one area that's extremely exciting as far as the future of endovascular intervention is concerned is the use of holographic imaging as showing here. This particular technology offers us the opportunity to look at the images right in front of the operator we can move our controls as we need to changing positions from one side of the patient to another side and this particular opportunity gives us the option to perform procedures in a simpler way and more efficient way. Now in conclusion we can say that the progress achieved in imaging has facilitated us for better and more effective care at the lowest possible radiation dose which is important for our patients and the operator. Some of the currently performed procedures would be unthinkable without all the advances that have been achieved in the last decade as far as imaging is concerned. What's important is before proceeding with angiography one should consider the most appropriate exercise, choice of equipment and contrast type and amount. The next frontier will be the integration of robotics and imaging technologies for endovascular interventions. Thank you very much for your attention.


Having said that, there are a few other structures which I would like to draw your attention to. First thing, take a look at this structure here. And I think all of you have guessed it. And I dissected out the full length of it which I mentioned in the class today. What is this? This is the long syphilis vein which I mentioned. It starts on the medial marginal vein of the foot. And you can see it's starting from the medial marginal vein of the foot. It is a superficial. It runs in the superficial fascia. It runs anterior to the medial malulus. It runs on the medial side of the foot. It runs one palm width behind the knee joint. And you can see it running here. And then it runs on the medial side of the thigh. It goes up. And you can see it is entering into the femoral vein here. So this is the course of the long syphilis vein in its entirety. And I have told you the clinical significance. It is used for any section. It is used for harvesting for CABG. Because the long syphilis vein is a very important vein. It is a superficial vein running on the medial side of the leg and the foot. I have decided to show it again using another camera from the medial side. It starts as the medial marginal vein of the foot. It runs just anterior to the medial malulus. It runs on the medial side of the leg. It receives plenty of tributaries on its way. And it goes one palm width behind the knee joint. It runs on the medial side of the leg thigh. It goes through the syphilis opening. It pierces the cryptiform fascia and opens into the femoral vein. This is the vein which is prone to varicositis, the so-called varicose veins. And that is most prominently seen on the medial side of the leg. It is also used for CABG and many sections. Since we mentioned the long syphilis vein, I would like to draw your attention to this nerve here. Part of it is seen here. You can see this nerve is emerging through the adapter canal. Guess what this nerve is? This is the syphilis nerve. The longest cutaneous nerve and the longest cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve. This also runs with the long syphilis vein and it supplies the skin of the anterior medial side of the leg with the leg and the medial side of the foot. So that's the second structure I wanted to show you. This is a view of the same syphilis nerve from the medial side because it's much more easily visible. It's coming out through the adapter canal and it runs on the medial side of the leg and it accompanies the long syphilis vein. Now here again there is a clinical correlation. When we do some surgical interference with the long syphilis vein we can produce irritation of the nerve and lead to neuropathic pain. The third thing I wanted to show you was what I had mentioned in the class called the pest and syrinus. If you remember the goose foot. This is the sartorius. Can you see here? Can you see the insertion of the sartorius here? I have exposed it here. You can see the insertion of the sartorius here. Now what I'll do? I'm going to lift up the next muscle of the goose foot that is the gracilis here. Can you see the insertion of the gracilis here? You have to come to the medial side to see it more clearly. And the third muscle of the insertion was the sartorius gracilis and the semi-tendinosis here. So this is the semi-tendinosis. So let me show you again. Sartorius, the gracilis and the semi-tendinosis. Sartorius belongs to the anterior compartment of the thigh. Gracilis belongs to the medial compartment of the thigh. And the semi-tendinosis belongs to the posterior compartment of the thigh. All three of them are inserting onto the upper medial aspect of the tibia and forming the insertion known as the goose foot insertion, which you can see very clearly from that side. What is the functional significance of these three which I'm holding up? Sartorius, gracilis, semi-tendinosis. Semi-tendinosis actually belongs to the posterior compartment. I've pulled it to the front. These three together act as the counterpart or the counter to this structure here. This is the iliotibial tract. The iliotibial tract gets inserted onto the antrilateral tubercula of Giordi, which is here. And the pull of the iliotibial tract on the lateral side is countered by the pull of these three structures and the best ancerinas on the medial side. That's the next point I wanted to show you. Best ancerinas. If you remember the goose foot, this is the sartorius. Can you see here? Can you see the insertion of the sartorius here? I've exposed it here. You can see the insertion of the sartorius here. Now what I'll do, I'm going to lift up the next muscle of the goose foot that is the gracilis here. Can you see the insertion of the gracilis here? You have to come to the medial side to see it more clearly. And the third muscle of the insertion was the sartorius gracilis and the semi-tendinosis here. So this is the semi-tendinosis. So let me show you again. Sartorius, the gracilis, and the semi-tendinosis. Sartorius belongs to the anterior compartment of the thigh. Gracilis belongs to the medial compartment of the thigh. And the semi-tendinosis belongs to the posterior compartment of the thigh. All three of them are inserting onto the upper medial aspect of the tibia and forming the insertion known as the goose foot insertion, which you can see very clearly from that side. The final thing which I wanted to show you in this dissection pretty much is it is not yet, we have not yet studied it, but this patient happened to have this. Can you take a look at this toe here? What do you notice? There's a severe angulation between the first metrotarsal and the phalanges of the first digit. That is a great toe. This condition is known as Halux balgus, which I am going to mention in class tomorrow. This is called Halux balgus, where there is an extreme medial angulation between the first metrotarsal bone and the digits of the great toe. Incidentally, one of those secondary conditions you can see, when this Halux balgus becomes, this happens especially when you wear pointed shoes. And one of the extreme secondary manifestations of this Halux balgus is you can have the second toe can override the first. And that is what you can see here. This is a view of the same Halux balgus from the medial side. There are many associated conditions with the Halux balgus. For example, the skin on the medial side of the toe it gets thickened, what is known as Colosity. Then there can be excessive bone formation on the medial side of the head of the medotarsal, what is known as Exostosis. And an adventures bursa can also develop under the skin, which can get inflamed, the condition being known as Bunion. Apart from these associated secondary conditions, because of this extreme angulation, the sesameoid bone which is under the head of the first medotarsal, it gets shifted. And it gets shifted further laterally with each angulation of the medotarsal phalangea joint. So these are all the associated conditions that you can get in Halux balgus. Though this is not the right section for that purpose, I have removed the fascia from the part of the posterior compartment here. Just to show you the beginning of the muscles of the posterior compartment on the prone cadaver, these are the muscles of the posterior compartment. This is the gastrocnemius here, and this is the tendocalcaneus, which I have mentioned about. So this is the gastrocnemius, this is the posterior compartment, this is the fascia of the posterior compartment, and this is the tendocalcaneus. This is the medial view of the posterior compartment just to mention to you the functional significance of the calf pump. When these calf muscles work within the tight osteoficial compartment, they help to push the venous blood up hard, and if the calf pump fails, then it leads to a condition known as deep vein thrombosis. Okay, so that's all for the section today. Thank you very much for watching. If you have any questions or comments, please put them in the comment section below. Thank you camera persons, have a nice day. Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing out.


course on hydrogen energy. In this first lecture, we will look at the different properties of hydrogen. We will begin with a general introduction. Hydrogen was first discovered in 16th century. This was when Pancelus, he accidentally he poured iron fillings onto sulphuric acid. Henry Cavendish, he identified this as a separate element. It was in 1780s that Anton Leviser, he gave the name hydrogen. The origin of this name hydrogen is from hydro and genes. Hydro meaning water and genes meaning to produce. So, a hydrogen water produces. Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. About 75% by mass in the universe it is made up of hydrogen and 90% by volume. However, in the earth's atmosphere, the quantity of hydrogen is very small. This is because of very high diffusivity of the hydrogen. It is richest in terms of energy per unit mass. When it is burnt in air, it is a clean exhaust. The by-product obtained is water and thus it has a great potential towards decarbonization at the point of usage. Hydrogen is a versatile fuel. It can be produced from a wide variety of sources. It can be produced from whatever local feedstock is available and thus it can promote use of diverse domestic and sustainable energy resources. With the use of hydrogen, with the use of the local feedstock available, we can produce hydrogen and then it can be utilized for various application and thus we can reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and on the imports of fossil fuels. From the point of production to the point of consumption, if the production is also green, we can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. On the same time the hydrogen conversion devices, the technologies where hydrogen is being used, these are reliable and more efficient. As such the entire energy systems with the use of hydrogen can be made more reliable and efficient. Hydrogen usage is not new in the energy sector. It was actually was also being used earlier. Hydrogen was used in various chemical industries as well as refineries. This can also serve as an option for long term large scale storage when integrated with renewables. Starting with the properties of hydrogen. Hydrogen is the simplest element and the first one in the periodic table. It is the lightest element having one proton and one electron in the atomic form. Due to this arrangement, it is very reactive and not found as atomic hydrogen. Rather it combines with the various other elements forming either water or different hydrocarbons or organic compounds. Tamp hydrogen does not exist. It exists in the form of a diatomic molecule and this molecule if to be dissociated to form atomic hydrogen requires a high dissociation energy of 435 kilojoule per mole. Hydrogen as such is a colorless, orderless, tasteless, gas, flammable, non-corrosive, non-toxic in nature but it can act as an asphyxiated. Hydrogen can displace, if it is in confined spaces it can displace oxygen, reducing the oxygen level and thereby can cause breathlessness. If it reduces the oxygen level below a certain level say 12% by volume, in that case it can lead to severe health challenges, unconsciousness and others. Hydrogen has a very low density of 0.08 kg per meter cube. It is 14 times lighter than air. It has a very high diffusivity and buoyancy. Hydrogen exists in 3 different isotopic forms. Protein, wherein there is one proton and the mass of it is 1.008. It makes up the relative abundance of it is high 99.98%. Deuterium, it has mass of 2.014 and abundance of 0.02% tritium having a mass of 3.016 but it occurs in extremely small amount, negligible amounts and can be produced during nuclear reactions. Hydrogen has a very low solubility in solvents but it has a very high solubility in metals. Look at the phase diagram of hydrogen. There are different regions wherein hydrogen exists in the form of solid, liquid and gas. Triple point of hydrogen wherein all the 3 phases coexist is at 13.8 kg that is minus 259 degree centigrade and a pressure of 7.2 kilo Pascal which is very low. Hydrogen's boiling point is at minus 253 degree centigrade that is 20 kg at atmospheric pressure. However, this boiling point can be, this can be increased. Hydrogen can still be liquefied at higher pressures up to a maximum of minus 240 degree centigrade or 33.2 K at a pressure of 1.3 MPa which is the critical point beyond which it cannot be liquefied by simply increasing the pressure. Hydrogen can be obtained in solid form at a temperature of minus 259.2 degree centigrade that is 14 K at atmospheric pressure. Under normal conditions, liquid hydrogen is a mixture of ortho and para-hydrogen. At NTP, this is a mix of 75% of ortho-hydrogen and 25% of para-hydrogen. The difference between these 2 stages of hydrogen is the nuclear spins are parallel in case of ortho-hydrogen and anti-parallel in case of para-hydrogen. When hydrogen is to be liquefied, the 75% of ortho needs to be converted into para-hydrogen because that is a lower energy state and that process is in exothermic, slightly exothermic reaction and a slow process as such requires catalyst. If we look at hydrogen, in that case the ideal gas relationship holds till a particular pressure under ambient temperature till say 100 bars. However, the deviation from the ideal gas behaviour, it occurs and this can be accounted for by the use of a factor which is known as compressibility factor. If we look at the chemical properties of hydrogen, we know that hydrogen is a powerful reducing agent and it can react with large number of salts, oxides, chlorides, the nitrates, nitrites, cyanides to convert it into free metal. It can react with most of the elements in the periodic table both metals and non-metals to form hydrides. It can react with various oxidizers producing a lot of heat. It reacts violently with these oxidizers. If we look at the properties, fuel properties of hydrogen, hydrogen has a very high diffusivity in air. If we look at these numbers, hydrogen diffusivity is 0.63 centimeter square per second. This is 3 times that of natural gas. It is an order of magnitude higher than that of the gasoline vapour. Now, this diffusivity has both an advantage as well as a disadvantage. Since we know that molecule of hydrogen is very small as compared to any of the other gases, it can diffuse very fast. It can diffuse through airtight or impermeable materials as well and as such this becomes very difficult to contain hydrogen unlike the other gases. But this high diffusivity along with high buoyancy, it has an advantage in the sense if there is a leak, hydrogen leak, then because of high buoyancy that rises and it diffuses very fast so that it dilutes very quickly along with air forming a dilute mixture especially when it is an unconfined space. Even if there is an ignition source, in that case the flames which are reduced because of hydrogen, these are vertical, these will be a localized flame and these will be vertical flames in case of hydrogen. Density of hydrogen is very low. Under density we know that it depends on what we are talking about is at what temperature and pressure for hydrogen at NTP. This is 0.0899 kg per meter cube. When we compare it, let us say when we see what is the specific gravity that is defined with respect to a reference material. If it is gasial then with respect to air, if it is liquid then it is with respect to water. So the density of hydrogen it is 7% of that of air. However, liquid hydrogen which has a density of 70.8 kg per meter cube, this is 7% of that of water. If we talk about the energy content which is the amount of energy which is contained in a fuel that could be per unit on a mass basis or on a volume basis. We can also define it as the amount of energy which is released on complete combustion of a unit mass of fuel. So if we look at these numbers for hydrogen, the higher heating value is 141.8 mega joule per kg, lower heating value is 120 mega joule per kg as against that of gasoline which is 48.6 mega joule per kg. So hydrogen contains approximately 3 times that much of energy per unit weight as that carried by a by gasoline or diesel. That means large it has the highest it is highest energy content per by on mass basis but the situation is different when we consider on the volume basis. The amount of energy contained in a given volume of fuel energy density this is very low for hydrogen. At temperature of 15 degree centigrade 1 atmosphere this value is 10.05 mega joule per meter cube. However for gasoline this is 31,150 mega joule per meter cube. Liquid hydrogen has a higher density this is 8491 mega joule per meter cube. Now these very low numbers as against the conventional fossil fuel tells us that the in order to store appreciable amount of hydrogen very large volume is required. This also this these amounts also tells how compactly we can pack the molecules together in a given volume. So that means the dense the volume that will be required to store hydrogen will be very high until and unless these are compressed to very high pressure. Even when it is compressed to pressures like 690 bar the energy density still it is 4500 mega joule per meter cube which is appreciably lower than that of gasoline. Flammability limit of hydrogen which is flammability limit which we define as the concentration range in which the combustible mixture supports a self propagating flame when ignited. There is a lower flammability limit which is the lowest concentration which can support a self propagating frame when mixed with an oxidant and ignited below which below the lower flammability limit the mixture of air and fuel is leaner in fuel so that it cannot be it cannot be combusted. On the other hand the upper flammability limit is defined as the concentration which can support self propagating frame when it is mixed with oxidant and ignited beyond this upper flammability limit the combustion cannot sustain because the concentration of oxidant in the combustible mixture is low. For hydrogen this flammability range is very wide 4 to 75% by volume so concentration percent. For gasoline this is 1 to 7.6%. Similarly we can define the explosive limit which is defined as the range of concentration which will cause explosion when it is mixed with air and ignited. However there is a difference between fire and explosion for explosion the containment is required. So when a combustible mixture is contained and then it is within the explosive limit and ignited then temperatures and pressures increase in such a manner that it gets efficient enough to violently release from the confinement and leading to explosion. For hydrogen this explosive range is from 15 to 59%. When we talk about engines we define equivalence ratio which is which for hydrogen lies in the range of 0.1 to 7.1. This is also defined as the actual fuel to air ratio actual fuel to air ratio by the stoichiometric fuel to air ratio. For gasoline however this is lying in the range of 0.7 to 4 thus for hydrogen this is quite wide. This flammability limit wide flammability limit has both advantage as well as disadvantage. Advantage in the sense when used hydrogen is used as a fuel in hydrogen IC engines it can even dilute mixtures can combust it can result into stable operations. The ease of start better combustion could be possible with reduced emissions. At the same time this is a disadvantage that if there is a lead even very dilute mixture or even concentrated mixture both can ignite and can result into fire or explosion. Ignition energy this is the minimum energy that is required to ignite a hydrogen and oxidant mixture under a given set of conditions. For hydrogen if we see this ignition energy is very low 0.02 millijoule which is an order of magnitude lower than that of gasoline. For gasoline this value is 0.24 millijoule that means very small amount of energy is required to cause ignition. This ignition source can be either a spark it could be a flame or it could be a short circuit in an electrical device that could lead to ignition of a combustible mixture with hydrogen. The electrical conductivity of hydrogen is poor. So any flow or agitation in case of gaseous or liquid hydrogen can result into electrostatic charges leading to a leading to spark and causing an ignition. As such whenever hydrogen is contained those vessels are usually containment devices they are usually grounded. Now this small ignition energy again has an advantage in the sense that it can result into prompt ignition when used in engine IC engines even leaner mixture can cause ignition. But at the same time the major challenge is even the hot spot or hot gases they can also serve as a mean for ignition and it can also result into premature ignition and flashback. Auto ignition temperature which is defined as the minimum temperature which is required to initiate self sustained combustion in a combustible fuel mixture in the absence of any external ignition. For hydrogen this auto ignition temperature is 585 degree centigrade. However for gasoline this is lying in the range of 240 to 460 degree centigrade. Now this higher auto ignition temperature makes it difficult to ignite hydrogen air mixture it is difficult to ignite on the basis of heat alone. That means you require an additional ignition source to initiate combustion. Now this is an advantage in the sense that in engines where a higher compression ratio is required so as to have a better efficiency we can achieve a higher compression ratio using hydrogen. But at the same time even on higher compressions the ignition will not take place on its own. So an external ignition source or a spark is required. So ideally it will be bit fuel for a spark ignition engine. Flame speed is this the distance travelled by hydrogen frame per unit time. If it is in the stoichiometric ratio hydrogen flame speed is 3.46 meters per second which is again an order of magnitude higher than that of the gasoline. For gasoline it is 0.42 meters per second that means hydrogen flame travels much faster than that of the other fuels. This can allow hydrogen engine to more closely approach the thermodynamic cycle. For any flame for any fire the required things are an oxidant, a fuel and an ignition source. The quenching distance which describes the flame extinguishing property of fuel which is also related to the distance from the cylinder wall that the flame extinguishes because of heat losses. So this is in the case of hydrogen it travels very close to the cylinder and thus makes it very difficult to quench. For hydrogen this distance is 0.64 mm however for gasoline it is 2 mm. So hydrogen flame they have they are very difficult to extinguish. At the same time they have a tendency of backfire. When materials they are exposed to hydrogen over a longer period of time that can result into certain changes inside the material. It can cause changes in the mechanical properties of the material. It can cause changes in the crystallinity of the material. Material can change from it can lose its ductile behaviour and can become brittle. So that all these fact all these changes can result into failure of the material and leading to catastrophic events. However the embrittlement depends on various factors which are like hydrogen concentration, purity of hydrogen, pressure, temperature. What are the type of impurities present in the gas in the material? What are the stress level, stress rate, metal composition, metal tensile strength, grain size, microstructure. What is the heat treatment history of the material? There is a leakage of hydrogen because of the low density of hydrogen, high diffusivity hydrogen disperses very fast much faster than gasoline because of high buoyancy and dispersion diffusivity. The hydrogen gets diluted mixing up with air and rises up very quickly. So even if there is a leak and if it is much more safer than any of the other fuel even if there is a gasoline or diesel leakage in that case it takes some time to evaporate and then because of the lower diffusivity, lower buoyancy compared to hydrogen it moves laterally as such. The leakage of hydrogen is much more safer as compared to that of gasoline. To summarize we have seen the various properties of hydrogen and we have seen that how these properties of hydrogen are different from conventional fuels making it quite distinct, having a quite distinct characteristics. We have also seen that many of these properties have their own advantages and disadvantages if we are considering to use hydrogen as a fuel. Thank you.


Alright, I'm week 11, we are three and six, so I was three and four, had two auto losses, so that's tough.  Appreciate you guys. Oh, we got a lot of upgrades, can we get a speed? Oh, we got abilities, let's go, man. Second ability for Quest, Energizer, Deep and Elite. That's the one, dude. Now, I could tank out and get a top 10 pick. You know, I could do that. Although having three wins, I'm probably not gonna tank out and get top 10. You know, these sickos lose. These dudes tank hard. Oh, you know, I'm close. A lot of one and eights though. Nah, I will fall where we fall. I wanted to play this game and then the next two are playoff games though. That's why I wanted to play this game when warm up. You know, I haven't played since last y'all saw me play, so hopefully I should be cool. It ain't rocket science, right boys? Eagle's looking good right now. So, is the Eagle's draft not cracked? Like, apparently they got Aaron Donovan and Von Miller. Apparently, that's what I've been told. Aaron Donovan and Von Miller. Yeah, I don't think Madden's a big warm up game. Obviously, it would be like a lead-a-lead-a-lead. I think you gotta be in groove or get some reps. But you know, just run around, you know. Yes, the O5 Eagles are now NFC Championship game. I played at last tonight. We're gonna play three games. That's the last one. I gotta play Saint, so I gotta warm up as best I can. Quest and Nolan Smith. They said if Nolan Smith was a wide receiver, he'd be the most athletic wide receiver in the draft. So, Nolan Smith is gonna be a Madden.  Good Lord, somebody finally got home and got some pressure there. I mean, boys, it's just like, that's why I get mad because I feel like my pressure's so good right now. If I could just get a little pressure here. It's like, I don't expect to get super pressure, but at some point it's like, I don't know, it's like, at some point we gotta get together here. You know what I'm saying? This just can't be an option.  I really do, like, I can't cover, I can't shed, I can't do anything. This is like just awful. See if I'm soft. Jackson Smith in jig buck. Nolan Smith is bad. Is that what Chesa says? Nolan Smith is bad at football. They told me he was like the number one ranked run stopper in America. And he's got 95 speed. Mazzie Smith is better than Nolan Smith. Dee Philly, what's up? Man, I need, I need to, the problem is my zone drops right now. I'm just mind, let's go with Jordan Battle. I can't lie. My boys last year didn't make that play. Superstar. My boys last year didn't make that play. Can't even hold you boys. My boys last year did not make that play. Jackson Smith in jig buck. I can't lie. This team might be crack free soon here, boy.  That's me thinking fire move is open when he's not. And he's, oh my God. It's still, it still will always get me. He's open. He's just too slow to run away.  I hate every tight end in the game just runs away right there, but I got an 82 speed tight end. Oh my God. And he just is open. There's no, no head. Now I can't throw to me against these guys. Every tight end in the game, you play mud, them dudes are open. You can't guard. It doesn't matter.  Dog, there's just no way. Abajel, just Lord Jesus. Just like, just take me out of it. Why am I playing? Please just tell me this guy, this bet. Like, come on. That dude has inside stuff. I'm gonna be a relaxed human being if he does. No, he just did that for free. For the love of man. He just did that. God bless him.  And they're only good at the end of the year. You know, I know how to do this. I know how to do that. W taught me how to do everything. I hate that. I hate that about the game. I hate that. Everybody's good now. Everybody's got good in May. Everybody. Who is though?  Fumble the ball. Thank you.  What do you think this is, man? Disneyland? Drop it in the bucket then. Drop it in the bucket then.  It's like they just lay, they, they don't have a prayer right now.   It's this, it's just this rock combo. Let's go now.   Am I, am I like, am I, am I, am I wrong for this, this pass rush right now? Am I wrong for this?   Oh, no problem, dude. I'll catch it. Don't worry. Could be something magical here. Could be something magical here.  I should have put my zones on the other side, on the bunch side of the field. Cause I can't cover anything, dude. I just, I can't cover any player on the field.  I think this is tripping. Is this your first time in a stream? Is this tripping? Am I tripping right now? Is that what is going on? I'm tripping. Oh, it's just, I just like, I'm telling you, these four people have no chance. It's tough to play like this, man. It really is. Oh my God, man. I dude, my lack of pass rush is, we put five right there. I just, I just can't, I just can't stop anything right now. I should have put all, it's just, I don't have enough players. I don't have enough players. I really don't. I don't know what else to tell you guys at home, bro. I really don't know like, at least we're not giving up haymakers. I'll tell you that much. It says, it's crazy to say this, but if we could stop the, if we could stop the running back angle route. Yo, it's like, oh man, dog. He just has, like, bro. I just like, I don't know what to do. Thank you. Oh my God. If I can get one of those one every five plays, we win this game with ease. Absolute ease. Double team is a double me receiver here. It's good defense. Good job, Datsun. Good job. Datsun, let's go. That's good defense. That's great defense, boys. Now this is where I get like, what do I do now? Third and goal right now on defense. It's good defense. Go get him. Go get him. Go get him. Go get him. Dog, Datsun, are you trolling? Are you trolling, Datsun? Oh my God. Oh, oh, oh. Bro, honestly, my hate, my hate for the Suns has made me like Yolkich now. I'm not, I am no longer, I'm not a Yolkich either. I don't have nothing bad to say about Yolkich. I really don't. Oh my God, Tim Patrick. Never again, I forgot. Let's go, Tim Patrick? I mean, where's my red zone threat right there, dude? Like, where, like, what are we doing here? They definitely patched red zone threat though. Red zone threat used to be automatic high ball catch. I swear to God. Like the first before Christmas, if you had red zone threat and you went on one like that, that'd be hard. I swear to God. Soon as they made that zero AP, it was ad. I don't know if y'all noticed that, but as soon as they made red zone threat zero AP. Bro, he just, I just can't, I can't get these guys to get a little rush on them. There we go.  Derek Williams. Maybe that's the move. Just pinch him and make him at least scramble out the pocket. I can't lie. I did a good bump right there. No, man, I never did a good bump. I mean, this is definitely gonna be outside. Oh my God. That's what you get. You're down by 10 with 10. Three minutes left. We're throwing an out route. Grow some nuts. I'll take it. Live with it. I mean, where are you going to ball? Why do y'all run Y out ever? Why do y'all run that play against two man under? This could be fireman. Dog, like fire move, like red zone threat. Like just get off the field dude. And I've also been thinking, now listen. No, I think pick artists is worth using. I've also been thinking about these inside shades. Dude, they're not really bagging. I was ready to do deep knockout and pick artists. Like no troll. Like I thought that might have been the movie. Bro. Dog, are y'all kidding me right now?  CFM, man. Great. Trash can. You don't let the time run that far, like it's never mind. He's the greatest on-site kicker ever. I can't stop on this CFM, though. So sitting over there and usuring the RPO is just nasty sweat. Sitting over, yo, I'm gonna tell you another thing. I gotta put identifier on. Nasty streak, all this other.  Can't even put identifier. Bro, these kids, dog. Bro, these kids play way more CFM. They are CFM sweats.  Like he really be hiding, OD. The one dude that beat me on the Eagles, on the CFM one, that dude was tough, but he was hiding all over the place.


What's good Josh boros back again with another video? So we're gonna check out WWE wrestlers became famous by stealing from smaller wrestlers. This is by tap out corner. Now, we've had this conversation before how Pretty much wrestlers have taken or gotten inspiration from other wrestlers Whether they were popular or whether they weren't as known it's happened and it's going to continue to happening Happen because you know wrestling is a revolving door. It's rare that you see something New and unique and when you do see something new and unique guess what? Someone's going to emulate it or potentially copy it.  How many times have we seen a movie or? Maybe a song be remade or redone or inspire other forms of media other songs other Movies, that's just how the human nature work when it comes to to art or you know creations people will be inspired by something and they may end up using it to further their own Product or in wrestling terms for further their own gimmick so we're gonna check out some of these moments appreciate all love and support you guys shown on the channel and Let's get right into this one should be a good one Imagine coming up with an idea only for someone to steal it and become famous and make millions from it That's exactly what happened to these wrestlers in 2011 our truth began feeding with John Cena and calling all the undebted B Fans little Jimmy's this is all in a truth having an imaginary friend named little Jimmy who has continued to be part true Character to this day. However, little Jimmy was plagiarized prior to little Jimmy fellow wrestler JTG had pitched the idea of having an imaginary Puppet character that only GTG and the WB fans Creative actually respond positively to the idea However, they and JTG were not exactly on the same page WB wanted to use a hand puppet while GTG wanted the imaginary friend to be a bit more elaborate like a puppet You would see in a Jim Henson production Eventually JTG stopped hearing from WB creative and appeared the idea had died However, not long after JTG pitched this idea our truth start having an imaginary Wow, it seems like WB creative took JTG's idea Tweets it a bit and gave it to our truth I guess WB that's quite I never knew that one definitely did not know that Damn, even though that little Jimmy stuff is fucking hilarious It would have been interesting to see if he could have pulled that off or something similar to that But I never knew that that's wild Be creative was on a role of plagiarism in 2011 because it happened to mark Henry too by 2011 The world's strongest man's career had become Harry Steader Henry wasn't used in May Big Storylines and took a backseat to a lot of other wrestlers That would change though when he introduced the Hall of Pain storyline Henry started not only beating made event wrestlers, but also injuring them and putting them into action Which is why it was called the Hall of Pain the story which was easily I mean, I don't even think anyone will repeat that it's his best best character persona best Title reign he had like this was the best version of Mark Henry and even then they they kind of really didn't utilize it as much as they should have They you know tested the waters a little bit It was something that made fans actually care about Mark Henry as a menacing dominant Force, but they didn't really expound upon it But easily the best version of Mark Henry in WWE at least storyline also led to Mark Henry winning the World Heavyweight Championship Which was a huge accomplishment. However, the Hall of Pain idea was actually stolen from another wrestler in the early 2010s Brotus Clay was absent from WWE to film a movie when Clay asked what creative plans WWE had for him when he returned He was told they had nothing and they suggested Brotus come up with something Brotus Clay suggested that he become a beast who beats up everyone and into his Hall of Pain Brotus was told it was a great idea However, WWE decided to steal the idea and give it to Mark Henry despite having his idea taken from him Brotus Clay was not bitter about it Now it's one thing to say that's wild because he Y'all remember I think he was like uh He I think he debuted as like a a dancing dinosaur or some shit. I could be wrong I think that's what it was and yet the funk the doctors and it was it was cringe It was weird and then they tried to portray him a little bit more seriously The damage had been done. Maybe that would have worked for him, but I think it it It's just crazy how I don't know if it would have got him over or made a much of an impact If that same gimmick was if that same gimmick wasn't on Mark Henry and they put it on him instead of Mark Henry I don't know if he would have got as much over. That's a very interesting question and To really think about to be honest with you steal an idea from an adult Imagine stealing an idea from a kid and not giving him anything in return Matt Hardy as well as his brother Jeff started wrestling when they were kids and scratching called their way of the ranks of professional wrestling Eventually Matt Hardy got the opportunity to send a tape to wcw to try and get a job with the company Matt Hardy had been wrestling under the name high voltage and used that in his tryout video You see it is time for a new donnie in the world of professional wrestling and that ascending force goes by The title of high voltage wcw ended up not hiring Matt Hardy However, they would steal his name in the mid 90s wcw debuted a new tape team consisting of the wrestlers robbie rage and kenny chaos Wcw needed a name for this team. So remembering Matt Hardy's tryout tape Wow It was confirmed by wrestlers in the company that yes the name high voltage was taken from matt hardy Since wcw correctly assumed matt had a trademark debt red heart was not just a genius. Yep. He didn't trademark it He was just trying to you know get his name out there and they took it The power of a trademark bro. I mean, of course, he's not thinking about trademarking and anything He's just trying to get his you know get his foot in the door We'll take this kid's eye. His name sounds nice. We'll take that. We'll use that That's wild It's in the ring, but outside of it too back in the early 90s Bret Hart pitched a match idea to vincekman They had come up with before he signed with wb It was called a ladder match where the goal of the fight was it to pin or submit your opponent Instead wrestlers had to climb a ladder and gain custody of the prize painting above the ring Now to vincekman's credit He saw the potential of brett hart's idea and turned it into a reality The first div to be ladder match was held in july 1992 and featured brett hart defending the intercontinental championship against shon michael's brett one But the match wasn't shown on tv or kink review. So most fans didn't know it existed Instead the first ladder match broadcast on tv was razor moe versus shon michael's a wrestle mania 10 So to most people razor and shon were the innovators of the ladder match This upset brett hart since he wanted to be part of wrestle mania ladder match This started to build animosity between hart and mic man, which would come to a breaking point about three years later Any fan of the that would make sense. I never knew that he was the one that came up with that idea. Didn't know that I knew that wasn't the first match between uh razor remonen and uh hbk That wasn't the first ladder match. That was the first one like televised, but the other one wasn't televised That's wild, bro. I could I can understand where the frustrations start to build The attitude will remember jerry the king lullar's iconic line and every time a beautiful diva would come up walking out I say hey jr. Look puppies. Oh look at leader. She's got the puppies in the net However, it was not the king who came up with the term puppies living up to his name The road dog was actually the one that came up with the juvenile dog nick name Surprisingly road dog was not upset by lullar's thievery and actually took it as an honor that king used his line and made it famous So I think it was actually the road dog who came up with the term puppies. We want to see her puppies Now I must admit I would have been pretty mad at what happened to dean ambrose had happened to me It was 14 seth rollins betrayed his shield teammates dean ambrose and roman reigns Dean ended up feuding his rollins for several months with them ending their rivalry in a hell in a cell match To end the feud on a high note dean pitched the idea that they'd rip off the canvas of the ring Exposing the boards underneath it. This would make the match extremely brutal But it was met with hostility vitzig man didn't think fans would understand it and triple h Actually rolled his eyes at ambrose's idea dean and seth ended up not exposing the ring boards during their match But a different match would one year later rock lezner and the undertaker were facing off inside hell in a cell During the match lezner ripped off the canvas and exposed the ring boards The reaction this got from the crowd just proves the thought that fans wouldn't understand it The hell is he doing? I remember this On top of that less than four years after dean pitched the idea Johnny Gargano and Tommaso Ciampa would do the same spot during their match at an xc takeover chicago two Which was overseen by triple h even hardcore wdb fans might not remember and that's that's crazy because I think if dean would have did that in that match it would have definitely added the The the dangerousness to the hell in the cell because at that time then the hell in the cells had just been honestly tamed So it would have definitely been something they could have did did because guess what they did it afterwards They did it afterwards So it's it's kind of kind of messed up that they didn't want to take his idea because they didn't think people would care Or it would add anything to the match it does because if you're doing that you're trying to legitimately end someone And if you're in the hell in a cell you can't really use blood as much even though I think it should be allowed in that particular match The best way you can do is really show I'm trying to put this person in the hospital for a very long time So that's wild that he came up with the idea, but they didn't want to do it But then they end up doing it anyway. That's It's messed up. Remember just Joe. He never wrestled on raw just Joe It was relegated to shows like jacked and sunday night heat However, Joe did pitch ideas to deputy creative to try and get a spot on the bigger shows One of his ideas may sound familiar And then I pitched um, I said I'd like to do a thing where I cut my hair real short We're a suit and tie because it's right at the tail end of the of the grunge era saying that you know The american kids are just a bunch of bums now They need to cut their hair and get a real job and straighten up and fly right and call our group the moral majority And he says, hi, I don't I don't really see a lot of a lot of motion in that I'm like your whole audience are kids with you know, crazy hair and piercings. It's ideal But he wouldn't go for it. This is almost the exact same idea as the right to censor Which is a group of wrestlers who cut their hair were a suit and tie and complained that wb And its fans were too vulgar as for just Joe He was fired a few weeks before right to censor competed at wrestlemania 17 when hulk hogan was in That's messed up, bro That's messed up that literally went as he started explaining like that sounds like right to censor and it worked because You're telling fans that's Used to the attitude era and the wildness and the craziness and the uncensored unfilterness. You're telling them to behave and And don't curse and and don't swear and and women got to cover up and stuff like that Like as a kid seeing them anytime you hurt the siren you just oh no not these losers Like but it worked And the fact that he came up with it essentially and then they fired him before they really started to move with that idea That's Sounds like wwe for sure ducted into the wb hall of fame. He said that uh-oh and one day I went to ford homer hesterly armory and this guy named superstar billy grand I'm telling you this guy climbed the second ropes. He hit a double bicep and I looked at my father and said dad I want to be just like that guy right there. It turned out hulk hogan was very literal about that Yeah, hulk hogan became a wrestler starting the 1980s Superstar billy grand was tearing it up in the 70s Billy grand looked like a million bucks with beach blonde hair and an unbelievable physique grand's arms were so big He started calling them pythons and he began ripping off his shirt That doesn't sound familiar at all. Does it mean this is an insult to hulk homing, but he said there was a cheap superstar billy grand knockoff I think he did that now to be fair to hogan other wrestlers like jessie ventura copied billy grand too However, hulk hogan was the one who got the most mileage out of using someone else's gimmick What's surprising is that billy grand wasn't met at hulk hogan or anyone who stole his character In fact, he actually took it as a compliment that someone wanted to be like him Now this next one and that's awesome, man That uh, that's that's truly awesome that he didn't like take offense to that And once again, you know, he could have but he didn't and The wrestling is all about like when you're in your prime you do what you do and you you end up inspiring people And if someone ends up becoming a wrestler and then they take what you've done and they Make it 10 times even bigger It's no point in getting mad at them because they're keeping the business that you love that you made money in They're keeping it going and inspiring new individuals. So as long as people give credit like hey, you got that from him That's all that matters. You know I'm saying so it's it's It's one of those type of things where you know, I'm glad that he he didn't really Uh, get too upset about it. So that was that was pretty cool though. That was tough Feeling but chose the kind of person Bray Wyatt was so we need to highlight it in 2012 fans are introduced to the eater of worlds Bray Wyatt rather than your usual energized wrestling character Bray was a lot quieter speaking softly while wearing a floral shirt and sitting in a rocking chair However, there was something unsettling about Bray Wyatt that made him one of the most intriguing and creepy wrestlers on the roster What they're gonna do what you're gonna do to something like me However, almost two decades earlier. There was another WB wrestler with an I don't like wrestlers touching me Damn Damn crawling on me This character's name was Waylon mercy a saw-spoken yet kind of scary character Come here to a lot of wrestlers at the time Waylon mercy really stood out Unfortunately, mercy's career was cut short due to injuries The good news was that Waylon mercy's persona was able to be reborn over 15 years later while at the WB performance That's tough Approached by a young wrestler named windham rotunda. Here's how the story goes When them came to me and asked me if I mind him, you know doing something like the way on mercy character I told him no I think that you know, we kicked around some ideas and uh, I talked to him for a while But I think he's doing a great job with him from here the Bray Wyatt character was born Wow A successor to Waylon mercy's character. I never knew that that's tough heartwarming part. That's tough, bro That's super cool. And he was like I said He was cool about it. He didn't trip.  That's awesome, bro Even though Bray Wyatt had more success in WWE than Waylon mercy Bray never forgot who helped him get there until 2019 Bray Wyatt introduced the firefight fund house which featured a number of creepy children's characters One of them was named mercy the buzzard and of course was based on Waylon mercy Didn't know that but Waylon himself voiced the character. Yeah, let's hurry it up I got stuff to do what to see what I even know that Watch that's cool.  Rest in peace Bray. That's awesome. This is why It's okay When wrestlers are inspired by other wrestlers and they they come up, you know use similar gimmicks, but like more of a a Paying uh homage But paying homage to uh A wrestler and and what they did but not necessarily taking the whole gimmick with switching in and making their their own Like I think that's cool. I'm all for that. That's what keeps the wrestling business going You know if you can come up with something new and creative, that's awesome If you can get something from somewhere else And put your little spin on it put your little twist on it and it works There's nothing wrong with that too. So but comment down below Let me know some other videos you guys want me to check out. I appreciate all love support Roll 250k and I'm singing speedy youtube wrestling champion the world. Appreciate y'all kicking in with me. See y'all next one. Peace


Look at this beautiful display. I'm a big fan of Les's more, and here we have just one central character reaching up to the sky with what presumably will be her last breath. While another undead zombie reaches up from the grave, parallel to hers, you have a nice tracking point from the top left all the way down to the center. This leads your eyes right to the central figure and it tells you a tale, a tale that's grim, a tale that's disturbing.  The most ferociously original horror film of the year.  So naturally this is an attractive looking woman and they went out of their way. This artist went out of his way to rip some of the key areas of her nightgown so it reveals a little skin.