okay guys well I can't believe I can make such a mess in such a short period of time but I've already done it. Made the mess and what I want to do is this is a sandwich container, I don't know if I've done it with a lid or something. This is my little LM388, no no no, 338, I keep saying 388. What do I add to the incointer? Look, it's got a 10 pot turn, 10 turn pot for the voltage. It's got a nice 200 ohm to adjust the current pot there. Now I don't know if I haven't done it for the minute because I was going to give it a power light but I'm not sure if the camera is looking at what I'm looking at. I was going to give it a power light and have a little hole just in there that a red LED or a green LED effect quite nicely into a 3mm. But then I thought well I could but it's not really necessary because I got this but maybe I could put it there anyway and put it across the outputs and then I know I've actually got output to there and if that light doesn't come on yeah I'll do that. So get a quick look at what I've done here. I'm going to tidy this table up in a moment and then we'll look at this again with the tidy table. Now this is actually hanging from this squirrel here and that I turned into, oh I'm trying to rub all of this down here. That I turned into this. And I was so proud of myself when I had a video and shared it on YouTube and then I thought well it's actually quite practical. You know if I could build everything on my bench I would build it. So a bit by bit. But I thought it was quite practical. Now I don't expect to get heavy loads out of this. I don't want to do that. There's certainly little circuits that just need that little tiny bit. But for me it's quite important to be able to have current control and it's quite important to be able to see that. Which is why I love that power supply so much. Because I can get that from that and that's great. But as I've said before that's 25 watts of power just to sit with the lights on. You know just on standby 25 watts of power. That's a lot of energy. But this better be on the other hand. This is basic and it's simple. Quick going over here. So anyway I say that's this and this is that. And that's this. It is sort of. What I did was I wanted it either way round. So oops. I wanted it either way round. Because of where I put the volume control. That being the voltage of course. And the current. It was out of sync. So basically there's just the opposite of your own. So when you look at this. This is here. This is here. Yeah. One here. So that there. That there. Boom boom boom boom.  I'll tell you. Especially worrying about this plumbing thing as well. Just a little bit of brain teaser. Because that became useless to me. Because I couldn't understand the engine. The 220M should be there really. And this should be down here coming down to ground. I don't know why I did that like that. But it really messed me up looking at it. So I just resorted to this. Because I could see it a lot easier what I'd done. And where it was. Well. Through the front. You get to see the capacitor in there. You know it's not really through the front. It's a bit of a mess to be fair. That's where all the earths are joined together. And then there's a diode. I'll tell you what I haven't done. I'll have to do modifications on this. And that's what I built it for. To do easy modifications. Have you seen here?  This is that glob stuff that holds your capacitors in place. I just sat it like that. Put them down. There's some thermal paste between the isolation. And I've checked it for isolation of course. It's isolated. Between each other. But there's some thermal paste on the other side of the isolation. On the heat sink. And then there's some thermal paste on this side of the isolation. To the back of the regulator there. The same as on there. But it does mean you know if they go. I don't have to try and get in here with a screwdriver. I can just cut myself. Take a lot of put another blob on there. And we're good to go again. Not a problem. Input. I'll tell you what that was like in a minute. We're going to refuse. There's a 5 amp in there in a minute. I'm going to check that 2 amp in. I really don't want to be drawing any more than that through this. Don't need it. It's going to be milliamps. It's going to be playing around with LEDs. It's going to be playing around with little circuits. It's going to be just playing around with little stuff. And I've got my little LED ready there. And I'll just put a resistor on that. And chuck that between the output currents. I've just got to calculate the resistor a little bit I think. Because I'm not going to be able to go up to 57 volts with this. And not with those chips. But I've got some HV versions of the 317. And I'm 317. So I might be able to do it with that. Right, so we've got the power coming in. Of course.  And 120 nm of capacitors. It was the most appropriate ones I had basically for voltage. Because I've got to be able to... I know I'm going to be running lots of my battery. But I'm going to be able to put a boost inverter in line with it too. From a battery to take it up. So I've got to be able to make sure up here if I need it. Rather than just the gate and a half bolts type of thing. That I'm going to get from using the battery. I've got to be able to regulate this. It'll be the whole power here. And I'm still probably might have to do some work on the output. Because that's what there is for the output. I've just concentrated on the input there. And I'm going to see what the difference is on this. Now this I can take out easily. It's blue tacked down. Or it's not blue tacked. It's a different name. Different brand name. But it's the same sort of thing. Wacky tack or something like that. I don't know what it's called. But it means I can get at it. And I can put output capacitors on here if I want to run output. Or I can put another board here. Output capacitors there. But we're going to see how this thing rolls. And I'm going to do some low test type things. See what the noise is like. And switch with them without the boost converter. And maybe even without the capacitors. Yeah, so let's power it up. Let me use my trusty power supply over here. So I can limit current and everything of course. Now I'm not going to light here. I have powered it already. I powered it and I found that I got this. Because what I did is I put my meter on here. And I found that I got full variation of the 10K. So I thought that's where it went. I had the PC here. I had the black wire here on this. I thought it should be in the middle on the wiper. But for some reason it was coming out of the meter. So I did it anyway. I powered it. And I didn't have... I just had a full output. Basically a couple of few volts underneath what the input was. So I changed that over. Hoping fingers crossed it was going to be an easy fix. Put it across there. Sweet as. And it works well. Sorry. Like I say, I'm not a little light here. I have powered it. I know it works. I'm just going to set this down. I'll pop you in there for a second. Just have a look at the wires. I just can't do this powering. Ah, come here. I might just skip through this bit. Why am I not getting in there? There we go. So, yeah. And the nice thing about it of course is it's got a bit of... It's got a nice bit of heat sink on the back. Heat sinker. And I'm going to put this three amp fuse in it. I suppose I could do that now. I think I've lost it already. I think that is a two amp actually. Not three. I wanted some threes but you've got two. That'll do. So I don't have time to run any more than that. And really if... It's just a little bit of extra. A little bit of protection. I haven't put a diode across the... I need to look at that. I said I don't want anything going back through and doing anything dodgy. I'm going to look at that studying. Just to see if we're okay like that for the minute. But for the minute it's going to be fine. So I'm just going to give it a little power up. Now I've got this thing over here set to 20 volts. And I'm actually just going to just power that on. So... I'm going to turn it to that. I'm not going to tell you what it says. You can see what it says. That's the minimal voltage. And now I'm going to start turning that up. Just going to see. We're going up. I haven't got any knobs for these. The one that came with this 10.10 was hideous. It just turns around anyway. I don't know what it is. These things I haven't got any... They're not like the normal potentiometers where you've got a knob on there because it's got the spliney type thing. It's haven't got that. I don't know how this works. As you can see I've got the variable. Up there. Which is all good. So what do I get? Just under 18 volts. And according to my power supply I'm drawing that amount. As you can see. Do you get that? Okay. So let's just back this down a little bit. I've already... Well I just did that many ago. Hopefully I didn't turn it. It's quite stiff. This is the term. Probably a good thing. But I've got it set to 10 milliamp. For the output. So let's... Push that back. Put that down there. It's really strange how that looks. Let's just put that down. Get some leads and we can plug in... I'm plugging in... A 10 watt. Of course these blades are going to work the same as them. But that's the right output. This is one of the things I really need to remember. Is that this thing is on. It's output there. I don't have like an output switch. Which really I might just put myself on. Because I don't need... Any real electronics for that. I can just have a switch. Can I just have a toggle switch?  I thought they were a lot smaller. But they turned out to be really big. I don't really want to use that. I'll just push some formers in. Push that former in there. Put all that down. Put this out of the way. And we'll start winding up the old power. I will have something to put over the front. Of that. As soon as we get to 10. 10 million. I'm pretty sure. It shouldn't be going too high. I think I might have just turned it slightly. I don't know. The first one I had in there. Oh no, I didn't. That's it. That's full. I don't know. I thought we had like 98 volts. Because I can turn that up. I just turned up the current allowance. And we're up. That's full. So the way that's set. I'm drawing 58 milliamps over here. I'm currently limited anyway to 100 milliamps. I don't know if you can see the current limit. Down at the bottom there. I think I have to actually give this a little white. Can you take a look at that? It's currently limited to 100 milliamps. Yeah, I'm just doing a little walk test around the place. Seems okay.  I don't know if we want them to do with it. Just checking that it's not actually getting warm or underdoing sort of damage. Nah, that just looks a bit sucky. Start back on again. I think that's the nice thing about it. I've got a lid. There's still a snap down in place. It's nice. It's not on top of a monitor. Yeah, pretty chipped. Got myself a nice little current controlled inch power supply. Just, you know, it's not going to be anything too bright or anything. But no, what I want to be able to do now is, of course, is stick the boost converter from the battery, the boost converter to this. So then I'm directly running from the battery. No more of a... See that like that now? Just sat there and doing nothing. 25 watts. 25 watts.  It's 25 watts and I can see it by the watt meter that I've got on the other side of the room where the main bench power comes in. And I can see exactly what I'm drawing. So, let's show some watts. And I'm going to connect the top. So I'll be back in a minute or part two.


Everybody forced here ripping 2021 22 slight draft picks basketball hobby six box half case number five picker team style Got AJ F. Pistons Alan R. T wolves Andrew s blazers Ben Y. Nick's bogey of B Clippers Christian s heat Kurt s Hawks sons Eric W. Wizards Fernando Bucks Harper B. Lakers Hilmar Bulls Hilton Warriors Jonathan Q Celtics Kevin T Mavericks Nets Anna Grizzlies Kim D. King's Lersak Cavs and Pelicans Lamook got the jazz what I just do here. Yeah Lamook jazz or light with the jazz Marie W. With the spurs Nick E sixers Peter G. Magic Rob D. Nuggets Ryan C. Rockets Sacco with the thunder Ship my cards Raptors Stephen W. Hornets and T Ying with the Indiana Pacers. So let's get started.  That's pretty cool. I need to check the singles in the front of the shop Maybe that's what I need to do. Just go buy singles They're all your hauling are always adding stuff up there, too Are those your is that your gold green and the as your soul stack? It's nice stuff, man. What's your guys? Alone from your level try color Al Horford for the Celtics My friend so I thought he was gonna be there so I brought him in my car Concourse silver rookie moody for the word Bronze Wagner concourse try color concourse rookie Josh Christopher Rockets shengun premier level Luca Donchich game war and jersey card Mavericks Premier level scope rookie Cavaliers Evan Mobley Sweet Mobley got cp3 Kaminga Concourse silver Jason Tatum Celtics Lou Williams White Yanis on to the Kupo concourse 93 of 149 nice Yanis Uniform match on the color Like could be Big name players eighton purple premier level 71 of 99 for the sun's color match Josh giddy thunder rookie jersey Were they in the backwards some of them are some of them are There's just like a big stack over there What do you got in concourse silver desmond bangers? Mobley premier level on the pack which is messed up Pay when that happens man, because then you don't know how to fix it. Yeah Concourse try color tj warren pacers. I think you're good Kaminga light blue rookie james booknight concourse 108 of 299 And giddy book night is a hornet We're like two weeks away from the new uh black panther. Yep. Whoo And we're like two days away from new call of duty summer premier level clink appella for the hawks I don't even know if I'm gonna get it I think I'm going to for the first time in a couple years actually Just because mw2 was kind of my game growing up. Yeah rookie neon is a it's hot 93 and 99 wizards And I'm just curious to see how they do it. Hey, what's going on chris? mellow I'm playing overwatch that's all I've been playing recently overwatch 2. Yeah, is it is it fire? It's pretty good. They got some things to work out. I like the ranking system. It's kind of weird, but I'm having fun with it I've never I mean I've played overwatch before. I've never like played played it. I've never like got addicted to it Yeah, I love it But it is one of my favorites so fun concourse silver step curry warriors. It's my type of shooter for sure like he like different abilities super super like uh Oh strategy base like in terms of like like games like I love like lamello maroon 84 of 175 die cut Super objective base is what I should say And you have to work together. Yes. It's all have to coordinate I love that like it takes it a little bit of the skill out of it Like a still skill base, but it has a big focus on tactics, which is cool Rodman try color premier level Duarte rookie Pacers Good break here. It's kind of like the og class system game too, which is fun Silver concourse rookie book night for the hornets now Giddy concourse try color concourse rookie darren sharp nets It is kind of a cash grab. It's free to play, but there's a lot of like It takes the system of everything else nowadays LeBron James jersey card heat nice game worn there As a member of the heat too, that's sick Is that like seasons and you can buy skins and stuff for all the people? Yeah, basically It's like battle pass, but then it's like everything costs like coins Now, you know 89 of 199 miles bridges concourse ready for the hornets I think everyone saw how much money FIFA was making and just said all right It's it's not even like a blizzard thing. It's an everything thing now It's a structure of every video game right now franz Wagner Moses bound brown premier level blue mavericks numbered 130 of 249 Everybody freaks out about it and I don't like it, but Yeah, silver premier level yokich for the nuggets. It definitely works though. It gets people to pay a lot of franz Wagner. Oh, yeah Yeah, franz Wagner on the court side Every cash right now mad and ultimate team Even the show to a little bit of an extent The show thankfully is not you can grind and get rewarded in the show though. You really can Isaiah Todd rookie jersey Otto you can have a nice 178 to 199 for the way without paying a dime I used to play apex a ton. That's all I used to play rookie silver avid mobly It was like overwatch apex with two games. I played just so much of and then I just haven't played in like Two years. I I don't know I feel like I didn't take it as seriously. So I I wasn't as good at it. I just wasn't fun scope concourse voots of itch for the bulls and then that whole style of like Battle royale it got kind of tiresome to me. Were you bigger in the apex than you were for tonight? Yeah I was Unbelievable evan mobly rookie purple jersey card cavaliers numbered 61 of 99 Concourse silver kawaii landed clippers tight the titanfall games are really underrated bro fire games Like a shame they didn't get more recognition. They're so good try color concourse lorry marketing for the calves Moving on was like a little bit before it's time. I think Yeah, the first one. I was like one of the first xbox 360 games was an xbox One game wasn't it? 360 360 is old old Red ring of death Red ring of death, baby silver concourse julius randall nicks I had a ps3 though Jim what's up, man at france bogner Anthony Edwards on the I thought it was gonna be an auto 174 299 light blue seawolves. That was gonna be an auto Got bamboozled They'd be further less all these backwards cards Still nice numbered second year edwards with its seawolves Like an awful image. See y'all come there. We get a samsial dama rookie concourse scope for the grizzlies I'm not gonna get excited about any backwards card now. None of them Even if it's a Okay, that's different. I can see the number is different, but if it's just doesn't have a number I'm not gonna do it kiss for it 57 to 99 rookie jersey for the wizards I did Concourse silver Carmelo Lakers Tri-color concourse bantam rookie raptors Apex's life. Yeah, that's how I used to be and now I I don't miss it like at all D'Angelo Russell on the maroon premiere level 66 at 175 seawolves I do miss having a game that I could play with my friends even touch with them as often as I did though It's kind of how apex was for me Like my friends in school It's really fun to play video games with them when I can just like catch up easy Silver concourse bam out of bio for the heat scottie barns courtside They're all playing sheep right now, which is not like uh That's not like a game you can play with friend, you know Hakeem of the dream neon auto rockets numbered 88 of 99 Yeah, I stopped playing the show Around like the all-star break. I just Yeah, I I play so much of what it first comes out and just play and play and play and play and play and play and play And then I just I do that like every game though Paul Pierce there premiere level tri-color Jalen Suggs magic rookie Wrong for me was this past year. I was just living in and I just couldn't bring myself to Totally yet. No way to bring myself to game what I was having Kaminga to do every single day So for premier level trey young for the Hawks.  Anthony never in steebles Like a dude if they made a group breaker simulator No way would I be going home playing group break simulator? I would that's what I would go home playing to play that game Clint Capella in-flight silver auto for the Hawks numbered 243 299 I need a trademark that when I go home So nobody can make that game without my permission Jay Sean Tate rookie or not rookie, but concourse red Rockets 154 199 great simulator Have you seen that power wash simulator? Bro fire, I play that game fire. I love power washing It is the most satisfying game I've ever seen power washing is an I love power washing It gives you like percentages of how much like what you've completed and like whatever Like it'll put you in like a mini golf course and it like gives you like money every time you finish cleaning something This is six box half case number five. We are behind 25 minutes on this is uh, not enough It takes like 25 minutes to literally open all the boxes Light blue westbrook lakers 258 and 299 Dude goat simulator 3 comes out soon. They made a I love goat simulator Concourse red was one garuba rockets rookie number 64 of 199 Dude I need like I need to get uh Driving around Orlando simulator Just to get my anxiety levels up They skipped two. They just went I love that even more. I love that even more that they skipped two and went right to three I love that Gordon Hayward Jersey card for the hornets. That would make too much sense if they skipped two God concourse silver garuba rockets. Yeah, it's goat simulator. They can they literally make the rules. Yeah Kaminga Do whatever they want man try color concourse alfred payton sons that cat simulator game supposed to be pretty good Oh stray it's not even necessary like a simulator. Really?  This is the third premiere level purple eight and I pulled today 55 and 99 on this one for the sons It's what the golem game is supposed to be like apparently Dude, that's an amazing idea chris because Driving tests, especially in florida. I feel like are like a nothing. They're like bro turn your turn signal on hit the brakes Drive around this name road. I messed mine up so bad and I still got it. I got like a 79 on it See that scares me man Silver D rose nicks guys watch out blake drives home At like 4 p.m. Today Got primo Yep, yep, so just be aware if you're in the central ford area blake drives home then he only got like a 70 on his driving test And got his license so Whoo, the answer alan iverson in-flight neon auto That's awesome number 63 and 99 on the answer Dope iverson right there and fuego silver koala entered clippers I agree with that paul. Honestly, everybody should have a driving test Like frequently anyway like every person Tri-color premiere level down to the Mitchell jazz like when you're younger maybe like every five years Just like refresh certain things We should have that for a lot of a lot of things. I'm not just driving silver concourse jordan carx and jazz Like doctors got to go, you know Recert and all that stuff all the time the life's gardens have to do it like everybody has to do it But everybody anybody can get in the car though So easy Tri-color concourse rookie joe weisskamp spurs Yeah, less people on the road wouldn't be a bad thing Jaylin sucks. We've got a kendall gill tie dye in-flight auto nine to 25 Hornets Yeah, like an eye test and like go over like laws and stuff scope concourse down to a Mitchell jazz Traimer for the third See that's pretty good george. That does not exist in uh, the united states Hey rush on home silver courtside kings All right, moving along moving along Premier level blue rookie tray man numbered 134 of 249 Like at what point did we just say like like i'm a good driver. I know i'm a good driver Like I do not speed, you know, i'm very like non-aggressive got premier level kai jones 113 to 175 rookie for the hornets But it says a lot when you're like I just don't like driving because of everybody else does not know how to drive And like just switching lanes and speeding or going too slow, you know, whatever maybe going 20 over or 10 under like drives me nuts Nick's quentin grimes rookie jersey Paul Silver concourse seth curry for the sixers. That's exactly right What's up, Eli Tri-color jimmy butler heat concourse Jalen sucks concourse herbert jones concourse rookie light blue for the pelicans 205 out of 299 Isaiah jackson's silver concourse rookie duarte pacers Eagle dollar Who nicola yokich 11 of 25 tie dye patch auto So nasty three-color patch It is game worn.  That's another thing about Orlando is you have a lot of tourists here silver concourse kevin lovecab So certain areas are really bad and there's traffic for no reason whatsoever Just places you don't want to get out tri-color concourse rookie isaac jackson pacers And honestly, how often do you make it down to eye drive or anywhere? I don't ever want to go there. Never ever ever unless i'm going into a universal theme parker. I don't go over there exactly Jason Preston 116 to 199 rookie jersey auto clippers, and then you have like the convention center right near all that too So it's just like so much Concourse scope bojambagdanovic jazz premier level Wagner rookie magic Silver van fleet premier level raptors Say Williams courtside rookie. All right guys one more box in this break again. This is six box number five I'll just I don't even think it's actually not really any quicker We're gonna finish at like 24 minutes. It's got over 25 minutes Today is a sprint and a marathon like you get a sprint a marathon That's what today feels like concourse tricolor trailer for the third ricky pelicans scoped concourse julius randall nicks davion mitchell book night silvery honest concourse bucks red concourse desmond main grizzlies 189 of 199 75 years davion mitchell neon davion mitchell kings 27 of 75 on the rookie kade cunningham concourse base silver concourse bam out of bio heat day ron sharp nets rookie jersey not numbered silver premier level rookie cameron thomas nets jeremiah robinson url tricolor concourse julius randall nicks the light blue patrick williams bulls concourse 229 of 299 silver premier level davante graham for the pelicans tyrese haliburton the gold coming up of something jalen green there wow and before it there's a jalen green rookie autosilver numbered 235 out of 249 what a pack this is going to be sick hit rockets first jalen green auto of the day and a gold phenomenon rookie insert spurs josh wapremo 5 of 10 and what a pack there you go spurs and rockets man congrats congrats great way to end the break here shack 75 years premier level tricolor jalen johnson rookie hawks and trey murphy All right give me one step guys we'll do a recap one step guys All right, so we got jerseys day ron sharp nets nicks quentin grimes hornets gordon hayward A kissford rookie purple for the wizards 57 and 99 mobility rookie jersey calves 61 of 99 throwback jersey lebron for the heat nice one there a giddy for the thunder donchage mavericks game used jason presen ricky jersey auto clippers to 199 tie-dye kendall gill 20 to 25 auto for the uh hornets there a i on the neon auto sixers 83 of 99 clink appellah hawks the 249 hakeemal eyes want to rocket's neon to 99 ricky jersey auto asia Todd wizards to um To 199 and is a tied ricky neon auto to 99 another good break here Yeah, rookie silver auto rockets jalen greens at 249 a gold rookie joshua primo On the phenomenon insert 5 of 10 spurs and tie-dye patch auto yokich nuggets 11 of 25 That'll do for the break. Thanks everybody. We've got another half case coming up


Hello and welcome to NewsClick. I am Paranjoy Gohar Thakurtha and with me in the studio I have a person. Well, he could have been my son. I am 63 years and he is 24 years. So there is almost a four decade gap between the two of us. But I must confess that he is far, far popular. Then I can ever hope to be. And with him, my weak Hindi. I will speak in Hindi in my third language. And I want to introduce you to YouTuber Dhruv Rati. Born on the 8th of October 1994. And that's something we share because I was born on the 5th of October 1955. Yeah, just like 40 years difference. Dhruv, could you ever have imagined when in April 2016 you started making these videos? And you made about 150 videos that your videos must be so popular that each video is seen by millions of people. And like you made a video on the Statue of Unity, you saw about 40 lakh people. And last November and December you made all the videos, 8 lakhs, 9 lakhs. Could you have ever imagined that your videos would be so popular? Not really actually. When I started, I had no idea how popular these videos would be. But I was always wishful that hopefully they would be so popular. So now I am happy to see so many people watching these videos. I heard that when you were 8 years old, you made a small animation video and used clay models. At that time, there was a TV program for children. Why did you suddenly think when you were just 8 years old? I don't remember what I did when I was so small. But yes, I was interested in seeing videos on TV like animated shows. I was interested in how they were made. So I tried to make them myself. By using clay models. And clay is not publicly available to the public. So people cannot associate with clay models. But I moved clay a little bit. It is called stop motion. Move it a little further and then take a photo. Move it a little further and take a photo. So you can make it for 24 frames per second. Absolutely. In the olden days, there were flip books. Yes, exactly.  After that, you went to Germany. There, you studied mechanical engineering. After that, you did an M.Tech degree on Renewable Energy. And I heard that you are studying for another degree these days. This was politics. And law. Now that I am making videos like that, I want to do some more deep research. So I think it would be better to gain some more knowledge. So what I am studying now is political science, economics. And there is a little bit of law. Tell me one thing. You worked with Abhinandan Sekri in Newslaundry. There, he said that this video program, which is available on YouTube, has about 50 straight political views. And he said that 84% of the videos are attacking the Bharti Janta Party. I told him that there are so many populations of India who are under BJP rules. If you look at the states, there are so many states. In the last three elections, BJP has lost those states. But before that, you can say that around 70-80% of the population was ruled under the BJP. Though in 2014, the vote share of the Bharti Janta Party was 31.4%. And these votes, 90% of the votes in the Lok Sabha Junao, they were in only 299 Lok Sabha Constituencies. That means in roughly 60% of all the Lok Sabha Constituencies, 90% of all the votes of the BJP were concentrated. This means that it was a very good strike rate because you got about 90% of the votes in the Lok Sabha region. And you got 282 seats in Lok Sabha with 31.4%. But this is how the first pass of the post system works actually. And... And there's another phrase. Winner takes all. Winner takes all. This is not an ideal system, I feel, for our type of country. And we should take more inspiration from, like, maybe the German politics and what type of system they have. They have a combination of... Of first pass, the post. And proportionate representation. Yeah, exactly. We in the UK, the British, the Westminster-style of parliamentary democracy, we did it in a way. I understand that this is not appropriate for India. I don't think it's appropriate. Because this system actually, eventually what it does is it promotes two parties. We are not America. We are not America, but this system itself, first pass the post, how it works, it is a self-perpetuating system which just makes people vote for the two major parties. Let me give you a contrary viewpoint. BJP got 31.4%. Congress got 19.5%. Both of them got 49.9%. That means half of the elections. That means in 2014, Lok Sabha elections, half of those who voted didn't vote for either the Congress or the BJP. Exactly. They could have voted for a constituent of the NDA, UPA, regional parties, left anybody else. Exactly. But, this was where you can say, Modi Ji was successful. Yes. Like the American election, it became a two-person struggle. Exactly. The whole politics became a one-person struggle that it became Modi Banam Rahul. And there are so many people who vote that maybe they want to vote for a smaller party, but they don't vote for that party because they think that, what's the use of voting for this party? They say, there's no one to win. So, we choose someone from the BJP Congress. We vote for them.  I agree with you. There will be elections this time. I don't understand much. So, Modi Ji should try the same. Exactly. That I am Banam Rahul. But, They want people to think that there are only two options. Either they vote for me or Rahul Gandhi. You can do something about it. You will say that, Modi Ji, what did you promise in 2013-14? And where are you now? Exactly. So, it can also be Modi Banam Modi. Modi Banam Modi. Yes. I mean, 2019 Modi is actually fighting in 2014 Modi. The promises that Modi made in 2014 and the things that Modi will fight in 2019. Today, in the rural areas of India, there is a problem. On this topic, you have made your general awareness videos. Beirose Gaari. It's a huge issue. Today, in the half of India, the people's problem is the age of 25-26. In 2014, for the first time, more than two thirds of those eligible to vote, more than 66% of the people voted. So, there are issues that concern large numbers of people. So, when you see 2019, will it be a personality-oriented election or will it be issues that you couldn't do anything in the rural areas? You said that we will bring black money for 15 lakh rupees.  Yes. I think it should be ideally an issue-based election, but politicians will want this personality-based fight and vote based on the image of the people. Nowadays, a lot of people say that look, Modi has made such a good image. Our country's image has become so good because their PR machinery is so good. Marketing? Marketing is so good. Now, some people get impressed by this. Some people get impressed by their personality. So, politicians want people to be impressed by this and vote based on their personality. For example, BJP projects Rahul Gandhi is a pappu. So, they want to bring this to the front that there is a personality-based fight. Will it be successful? Now, people will tell you how successful it will be. How many people will vote based on this and how many people will vote based on issues. I am going two steps back.   You are all videos to help the pappu. Definitely. These people have a very binary thought. They think that if they are making a video against BJP, then it will be a congressman. If there is no congressman, then what party will be left? It will be an ordinary party. If there is no congressman, then it will be a communist party. Some people don't even think about it. They don't think that much. They just say that it will be a leftist party. If Modi doesn't support them, then it will be a leftist party. But the truth is that the job of journalists is to keep the government accountable. And what I am seeing in mainstream media is that mainstream media is dancing on the signs of the government. Why are they dancing? When I became a journalist, in the time of apartheid, at that time, the government of Indira Gandhi and Sanjay Gandhi had a lot of journalists. The people who had done anything against Indira Gandhi were put in jail. And after 77, when Lal Krishnan Advani Ji, Muradji Desai's government, Sujna and Prasaran Mantri were made, he was asked this question. Why were there so supportive of Indira Gandhi? And he had a well-known statement. When they were asked to bend, they crawled. When the editors were asked to bend, they crawled. So they were ready to do that. Do you think that editors are crawling without even being asked to bend? Yeah, I do think so. They are thinking of their own benefit somewhere. They think that if they do that, they will be safe on the safe side. Their business will go stable and they will be profitable as well. The government has made a profit. Exactly. And you also know that the Indian party has made a huge profit. Exactly. So this pure commerce, business. Yes, pure business. There is nothing else in it. No, there is nothing else. Because the same chance that BJP is praising, the government of Congress is coming tomorrow. So they will be following Congress as well. They will start praising them if they see a business sense there. A few days ago, A&I's Sampadak, Smita Prakash Ji, was interviewed by PM Modi. It was more than an hour long. Later Rahul Gandhi, in his press conference, said that he was a pliable journalist. He didn't mention his name. But everyone knew who he was talking about. After that, Smita Ji answered that it is a cheap shot. What do you want to say about it? I didn't see Rahul Gandhi, but after watching the interview, I felt that this is not an interview. Modi Ji was sitting there and talking about his mind. It was called an interview. Because the journalist was asking questions. He was asking very good questions. He was asking the same questions that people had in their minds. But from Modi Ji's side, the answers to those questions were the same, which he used to say in his mind. He used to count his achievements. There were no counter-questions. From this, it is known that this thing cannot be called an interview. The interview is so real, so scripted, it will be known by looking at counter-questions. Our interview is going on now. You can see that the conversation is so flowing. You are asking so many counter-questions based on my answers. You are asking so many questions that you have already written. I mean, whatever I say, it won't make any difference what your next question is going to be. Okay. Next question.  How long have you been doing this? And do you think it is a viable way of countering what you say? What Ravish says, Godi media. There are different types of dogs.  I had started this maybe over a year ago, and as one person, I think this is a sustainable model. It can work. But now because I am just one person, I don't have a big production house like the one we are talking about and where other people are employed, then this is able to sustain. Patreon as a model is able to sustain. Because your expenses are negligible. Of one person it is negligible. But if this thing where 10 people are employed, it is not sufficient according to this earnings, it is not sufficient to sustain. Look, if the people in Mukhya Dharam want to take money from a Wigya Pandata who lives in Wigya Pandata the government the politics the Poojipati if you are running your organization with their money then how can you say this is a successful model to counter the mainstream media in today's day and age in today's day and age of the internet. Yes, I do think it is a successful model in that sense because it is a decentralized model so if one person has donated more than 100 dollars then if one person doesn't have so much power that he can influence me that what I am doing is wrong according to that person then I shouldn't do this. When one person is paying a brand or a CEO or board of directors or their investors they can influence them. If one person gives you a lot of money they won't give it in a written form if they say don't do anything against me and the rest you can't tip the world you can't abuse but I am giving you a lot of money so you should be grateful don't do anything will you accept? It depends on the type of person who is giving you money Bill Gates gave you 1 million dollars and it is written that you don't even say a word against Bill Gates and Microsoft don't put out one word against them you will accept? Bill Gates is involved in politics he is old but it is a very difficult question but I will not do it You in social media and YouTube facts or math opinion and information and you have tried to correct wrong facts sometimes you have been successful sometimes you have put out wrong facts what are some of the biggest mistakes you make in putting out wrong facts and how did you correct yourself? I think there was one video what was it about it was made on the Ayushman Bharat scheme and in that video the first fact I presented it was some data point on how many people are going in poverty because of lack of health care and the data which I presented that in 2017 so many people went into poverty because of lack of health because they could not afford health care expenses that was actually a wrong fact in reality the data was for 2012 I wrote it in top comment that it is wrong and the reason why it is wrong is interesting that where I saw the article of Times of India it was not written in 2017 Times of India was wrong it was wrong I do not see one source I see multiple sources I saw the business standard it was written in 2017 but what people pointed out there was an India spend report it was written in 2017 in India spend report but they corrected it they corrected it in 2012 but Times of India had sourced from India spend so Times of India did not correct and what I saw later was from Times of India business standard so you wrote all this and said I wrote in top comment that this data source was from 2017 not 2012 that comment is pinned on that article so anyone who will see that video will see the comments you are making a video you are ready to apologize to your viewers our politics should also be like this definitely you should apologize to Mr. Modi that so many people got worried for the note actually Mr. Modi wants to show himself as if he is a superhero he never makes a mistake he is a perfect person because till today he has not apologized for any wrong work demonetization is a kind of blunder even if you ask a BJP supporter he will say that he was a failure but still in his interview this happened this is beneficial he has no intention to apologize but as a public servant as a prime minister he should definitely apologize Dhruv you are ready to correct these facts but can opinions be anything opinions can be anything let me tell you with your opinion that the Rajasthan government that was the government of Basundar that if in the elections in the panchayat someone wants to be a candidate then at least class 10 its minimum educational qualification you don't like this because the Congress government took it back what do you think the so called illiterate they don't understand and they cannot be representatives of the people when I tweeted there were very good counter opinions under that tweet that you gave counter opinions that they are not represented well enough the poor people and they don't have the chance to be represented if this law is made so I agree with that counter opinion its a very good opinion and it is a very debatable issue but from my point of view it can be argued that education is free for all education is free for everyone so this education is not a privilege I agree with you we also have an act we have the law of education but the implementation of it is another story I have to say that in the census in 2011 it was written that every 4 people still they cannot write their own name cannot sign their own name this is not my figures this is the figures of the 2011 census how can you exclude such a large proportion of the population from standing as representatives and that too in the panchayat elections in the same way there is a qualification for any job like an IS officer you have an entrance exam you need to fulfil some basic criteria to get that job I feel that politics is also a job although it is a representation of people but in the end the work they have to do is a basic knowledge you can learn it yourself there are 2 professions where you don't need an educational qualification one is the one way to you and I journalism and the other is politics don't need any educational qualification you have become a successful journalist because you are able to communicate it doesn't matter whether you have degree A, B or you have failed similarly in politics but as a journalist I was like an 8th fail student maybe I would not be able to communicate maybe not maybe not but as a politician for a journalist it doesn't matter if you become a journalist you will get a salary or you will get crowdfunding if I am not good at communicating I may not get crowdfunding but in politics in politics it is not possible to do the work so you cannot remove it if you become a politician you will have to wait for 5 years do you believe a poor person an illiterate person is unintelligent do you think a poor person is uneducated doesn't understand it depends what is the definition of intelligence here absolutely you can be very well educated and be a terrible human being you may have a PhD degree but the world will judge how good or how bad you are definitely you did a lot of interviews in 150 videos you interviewed the main minister of Delhi Manish Surya you interviewed you are an activist of Pakistan against the army against Pakistan you why did you interview them what is the specific reason that you chose let's go to these three people Manish Surya and I am sorry I don't remember the name of the Pakistani activist who spoke against the army Ahmad Vaqas Goraya thank you no I don't think there was a specific reason most of my videos are not based on a lot of planning that I want to make this video after a month which I feel what I should make videos on I make those videos pure on your impulse mostly it's based on impulse but when I have impulse that I want to make this I make videos on it why did you interview Shahzad Poonawala again it was an impulse at that time he was pro congress he was pro congress now he is pro BJP yeah it looks like that it looks like that I mean from the he praised congress yes he praised he defended dynasty politics in some sense you can see the interview it's on youtube and the corruption in congress party and the minority appeasement these three were the main topics on which the interview was and he justified the congress yeah he defended on those issues subsequently you have not interviewed ask him why he has changed his mind not really I have not talked to him regarding that and you don't wish to no I didn't feel like I mean there were more relevant issues my last set of questions to you how does one counter the spread of fake news and hate speech on the social media you are trying to do something there are many others who are trying to do something alt news is trying to do something boom live is trying to do something many people are trying to ensure that facts are checked that whatsapp has in encryption you can't control what people put up the most ghastly gory inflammatory incendiary materialists put up on whatsapp and in the run up to the elections we can expect more of that how does one counter it it's a very difficult question and honestly I don't know the answer to this question what is one successful way of countering fake news or hate speech but I have tried many things and I do try to do different things to counter them like for example I have like one group which is the Dhruvarati squad in which I ask people to report any fake news or hate speech which they see on facebook because on facebook it's really common actually facebook the same organization whatsapp is part of the same family instagram is part of the same family the difference is that facebook and twitter they have a system of receiving complaints it's different that someone called us MC BC and their algorithm will think MC master of ceremonies and BC before christ this is a very difficult work actually as a social media organization because the physical team will keep on checking and how many users are there it's a very disproportional figure it can't be that we should report something and they have a person on twitter who says it's true who says it's wrong it's a very difficult work I think million means over 10 lakhs people also know that you were born in Haryana you have been here for 17 years you have studied after that you went to Germany you did mechanical engineering you worked on renewable energy but why are you so secretive about your location are you are you scared are you scared no it's a it's a safety mechanism you can say like just to be safe I think that private life should be separated from public life you are a public figure how can you separate your private life from your public life once you become a public figure your private life is going to be scrutinized definitely microscope I have kept a secret that I don't want any interference an advantage is that I live in Europe so no one knows me I am just a normal person I have privacy there and in India you have become abnormal no, here people know me more thank you very much Dhruv for coming here it's a pleasure speaking with you and for our viewers you have one last message some message you want to give to them there is only one message I would like to give is that this is a lot of religion temple, mosque leave the issues and focus on actual issues while voting and when you have to vote then vote for your right MP from your constituency instead of looking at the because ours is not a presidential democracy once again thank you very much let me shake your hand once again and you have just heard and watched Dhruv Rathi he is a youtube sensation he is almost 40 years younger than me but he is very very clear about what the media can do and not do thank you very much for being with us on this program and keep watching New Slick


And welcome back to Hawaii, the state of clean energy on think tech Hawaii. I'm your host, Mitch Yuan. And today on our show, we'll be discussing data is power, decarbonizing vehicles with our guest Troy Wooten from the Hawaii State Energy Office. So welcome Troy, thanks for coming on our show. And I'm just thinking for having me giving a little elevator pitch on your background where you come from and how you got to arrive at the Hawaii State Energy Office. Sure. Thank you very much for having me on the show. And thank you to everyone who's tuning in. And I'm Troy Wooten. I'm the data science specialist here at the Hawaii State Energy Office. And I just recently had the pleasure of starting with the office back in January of this year. Before that, I was completing my master's of science degree in information and computer sciences here at UH Manoa and I completed my master's this past fall. And the laboratory that I worked at as a research assistant is known as the laboratory for advanced visualization and applications. And we've had some longstanding data visualization collaborations with the state energy office. One of those projects is the fairly well publicized at this point Haven project. It's a geospatial visualization where data showing renewable energy scenarios and RPS scenarios is visualized on a 3D map that you can actually physically interact with and touch in the room. So I have these goggles on and a virtual reality kind of a show. So this one, this project, the Haven project in its current form or in its past iterations, I guess, hasn't required the use of the VR headset. It's more of kind of, I guess you would call it a mixed reality display. So you have a projector that's above a table that projects the data layers down onto an actual physical map model of the island of Oahu and shows you kind of the projected plan development of solar projects and wind and various types of renewable energy. We've got to have you back on the show for round two to go through this because this sounds like that gee whiz rocket science stuff, so that'd be really great. It kind of is, yeah. And yeah, definitely would be something that we did discuss on a later iteration of the show for sure. Well, let's get on with data is power and decarbonizing our vehicles here at Hawaii. So why don't we kick it off and let's go to the first slide. OK, great. Yeah, so as Mitch mentioned, I'm here today to talk about data is power and how we can leverage data and data analytics to inform our efforts to decarbonize transportation and vehicles within the state of Hawaii. So if you don't mind, please go into the next slide. Yeah, so to share a little bit of the motivation behind today's talk. So Hawaii is set an ambitious goal of fully decarbonizing our economy by 2045. And in order to effectively and accurately allocate our effort to decarbonizing our economy, we have to first understand where is the majority of the energy consumption being being allocated within the state. And so here on the right, you see a donut chart showing energy use in the state of Hawaii by in sector. This is from 2018 data from the Energy Information Administration, state energy data system. And so we can see quickly in this chart that transportation accounts for over half of the energy use in the state of Hawaii. Additionally, the state has set a goal to reduce our reliance on imported fossil fuels in conjunction with this goal of decarbonizing our economy in general. Since ground transportation amounts to such a large proportion of our energy consumption, it makes sense to include specific stated goals for ground transportation within our larger goal of decarbonizing the economy. And within transportation, being a very diversified sector, encompassing various modes and means of transportation, light duty vehicles represent a sort of low hanging fruit that we can initially target our decarbonization efforts towards. And the reason being that light duty vehicles, those are your typical consumer car like a sedan or a pickup or an SUV that you might drive to work or just use as your personal car. And more so today than in over the past decade, we've seen a proliferation of available EV models come on the market from a variety of manufacturers and starting to penetrate into pickup trucks and SUVs in recent years. And so what we would like to do as the state is lead by example and initially focus our decarbonization efforts on decarbonizing the state fleet specifically. And so what I'm going to talk to you about today is an analysis of a data set that encompasses the state of Hawaii's vehicle fleet and what the makeup of that fleet is. And starting to discuss what we can do to prioritize our efforts to decarbonize our fleet. So if we don't mind moving to the next slide. So to really quickly give you the rundown of the sources of data that were used in this analysis, the primary source of data that the primary group that maintains the data set of registered vehicles that are registered to the state government is the city and county of Honolulu's IT department. And so they provide us a data set of or each row within the data set is a unique vehicle. And for each vehicle, they are also kind enough to maintain and provide the vehicle identification number or VIN number. And for those folks who are watching who aren't already aware, the VIN number is essentially kind of like a unique ID for your vehicle. And not only uniquely IDs your vehicle as a unique entity, but it also has information encoded into it that describes what kind of vehicle it is. So whether it's a SUV or a pickup or a sedan, whether it's an electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an internal combustion engine vehicle, as well as the vehicle weight, which is really important in discussing, you know, how many lights, medium and heavy duty vehicles we have. And many other descriptive indicators as we'll see on in later slides and later on the talk. So what I did with this data set, since the initial data set, it's a very valuable resource to have, but it's not complete in terms of the descriptive indicators of what kinds of vehicles we have in the fleet. I then took those VIN numbers and passed them to an API that's provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. They have a publicly available API that's free to use. And essentially what you do is you, if we can move to the next slide, please, and I'll describe how this process works mechanically. So as I mentioned previously, within your 17-digit VIN number, you have a subset of those digits that are labeled VDS, and VDS stands for Vehicle Descriptor Sequence. And so this is the region of the VIN number that's going to tell you things about your vehicle that make it unique from other vehicles in terms of the type of vehicle that it is, whether it's a passenger car or an SUV or a pickup truck, what its primary and secondary fuel types are, as well as its weight. And so in order to decode the VIN and get these descriptive fields in a decompressed form, I take the VIN number for each vehicle in the registered state fleet data set and pass it to the API. An API stands for Application Programming Interface, for those of you out there that don't know. Essentially you can think of it as being like a website. So you type in a URL into your web browser and that your computer sends a packet to a web server that then sends you back the web page that you requested. And so an API works much the same way. I have a URL that I plug the VIN number into and send that as a request to their API and then their API server sends back all of the information on that vehicle. And I'm able to access a number of descriptive fields, roughly 130 descriptive fields in total, including things such as vehicle weight and fuel type, etc., as I mentioned previously. And so if we could go to the next slide. So as is often the case when you're working with data, especially data coming from other sources that you don't really have a lot of control over how the data is gathered or entered or quality checked necessarily, there will be missing values and there will be VIN numbers in this case that were not input into the database correctly. You know, human error is inevitable when you're typing at the keyboard, if there's no input. Yeah, right? Who would have thought, right? People make mistakes. Who would have ever thought that? Yeah, so because I want to be able to leverage this data in a comprehensive fashion, we want the data set to be as complete as possible. So after decoding the roughly 5,000 rows present in the data set, meaning we have on the order of 5,000 vehicles in the state fleet, at least recent as of December of last year, there were still 160 rows left with missing information. And so in this slide, what I'm presenting is an algorithm that I utilized to attempt to make a best effort to fill in a lot of that missing data. And so what it entails essentially is we isolate the rows that have complete data with good VINs, VIN numbers that were entered correctly into the system, and we also isolate the rows with missing information. And in an attempt to fill in missing information, we search through the rows that have complete information and we do an edit distance search by VIN number. And what that means is you try to find existing VIN numbers in the complete data that closely match the VIN number that you're trying to find data or information for and fill in the gaps. And so in this example, we see an example of a bad VIN number that was put in the system incorrectly and we're able to search through the good rows and find a VIN number that has an edit distance of two, meaning that its VIN number differs in two positions from the bad VIN. And we're able to see that, okay, the make and the model of that car with the good VIN matches. And so we're able to say, okay, we'll just go ahead and map the gross vehicle weight rating and the body style of that vehicle to the row that had missing data as an example. A quick question, Troy. Was this your own design?  Oh, I see. So a lot of the work in this analysis is sort of hand-coded by me. So for those of us in the audience who are slightly programming savvy, I prefer to do all of my data analysis work in the Python programming language. It's a scripting language similar to R and other languages that are used for statistics. But essentially, a lot of the code is handwritten by me and I'm on the fly. But I'll take inspiration and leverage heavily from publicly available libraries and packages that are out there for doing data visualization and different types of analyses. So I don't have to just write it all from scratch necessarily, but I'll kind of find the bits and pieces that are out there that are available that I can leverage and then stitch them together, essentially. Well, good job. Thank you. Okay, and so once we've gone through this procedure of cleaning up the data and pre-processing it and filling in missing values, we're now ready to kind of dive into some questions that we can answer using this data set. And so one of the questions that we would want to answer first at sort of a high level is just how many light, medium, and heavy-duty vehicles do we have in the state fleet? It's a really basic question, but there's actually a lot that goes into answering it. And so to begin with, the NHTSA API that I used to decode the VINs is a very granular view of the vehicle weight rating of each vehicle. And the specific weight rating that's used is called GVWR, and that stands for Gross Vehicle Weight Rating. And what that essentially means is that's the weight of your vehicle. When it's at full capacity, it's got a full set of passengers on board, a full tank of gas or a full tank of fuel, whatever fuel it happens to run on. And that is its gross vehicle weight rating. And so the US EPA, the Environmental Protection Agency, they maintain a set of categorizations of vehicles by gross vehicle weight rating. And essentially, vehicles can be broken down into light, medium and heavy-duty vehicles by their gross vehicle weight, and light duty being any vehicle that's less than 8,500 pounds or equal to, medium duty being 8,501 to 10,000 pounds, and heavy duty being 10,000 pounds plus. And so the reason why we want to group the vehicles in this way is the vehicles that will tend to have EV or zero-emission vehicle equivalent models are going to fall into your light-duty vehicle categorization, whereas your medium and heavy-duty vehicles tend to be sort of a special-purpose vehicle, such as a refuse truck or, you know, an oil tanker truck or a gas truck, et cetera, city transit buses and school buses that will tend to run on large diesel engines that generate a lot of torque and enable the vehicle to carry heavy loads. Although this is changing, you know, all the time, and we are seeing more EV buses and alternative fuel, medium and heavy-duty vehicles come on board and there's a lot of research and development in those areas as I'm sure you're aware, Mitch, of being a hydrogen guy yourself. Yeah, awesome. So anyway, so that's kind of how I go about categorizing the vehicles into light, medium, and heavy-duty based on the EPA-published categorizations. And so if we go to the next slide. So despite the fact that I expended a fair amount of effort in filling in the missing data after going through this edit distance search approach, I was still left with 66 roads that had missing information. And so in order to ascertain, you know, why am I still unable to get complete information for 66 rows of data? Even though it only represents like a percent of the overall data set, it's still important to have an understanding of what's going on here. So if we actually go and look at the rows and look at the descriptions of what these vehicles actually are, we see, you know, a pattern about immediately you have some water tankers in there, some dump trucks. There's also the ZIP mobile, which for folks who are not aware is this big vehicle that's used to open and close the zipper lane on the freeway every day. And so these are essentially what would amount to special purpose vehicles, you know, vehicles that are intended to serve a special purpose. And so even if we don't have, you know, precise vehicle weight information for these vehicles, we can assume that, you know, these will tend to fall into your medium or heavy duty classification. And so what I did is I just stuck the label special purpose on those vehicles as a way to handle those extra missing rows. And so now if we go to the next slide. So now that I have a complete summarization of the state vehicle plate broken down by weight pating into light, medium, heavy duty and special purpose, the question then becomes, OK, how do you visualize this data in a chart so that you can represent it to the public and present it to stakeholders and policy makers? OK, and so we're going to discuss this a little bit. And this is going to be a little bit of a data visualization one on one. So if we move to the next slide. So many people when they see data that, you know, can be broken down into various subcategories, right, they tend to think, oh, that would work well with a pie chart, right? Let me stick it into a pie chart and I'll use Excel or whatever my, you know, go to visualization tool is. And I'll plug it in and it'll spit out its pie chart.  And everybody will be ready to to ogle this pie chart and they'll they'll get a lot of great insight out of it. However, this is not as well known, although it's pretty well known among visualization experts and that's that there are issues with the pie chart. And so, Mitch, I'd like to pose you a question. So here on this slide, we have three pie charts, each pie chart being generated by a different underlying data set. And if I were to pose you the question of the first chart, which group is the biggest of A, B, C, D or E? And of the second chart, which is the smallest? And of the third chart, how do the groups compare? What would be your guess? It looks like D and maybe E are like the bigger ones on that first pie chart to me. And then if I go down the line because, you know, at the end of the day, they all kind of look the same. Exactly, right? Determine ones bigger than the other. They're all the same, but there may be some differences in there. So you're going to tell us why I'm wrong or how we can do this better. Exactly. So if we move to the next slide, so now we have the same data that was in the pie charts on the previous slide, but now instead of visualizing them in a pie chart, we're using a bar chart. And now where I depose you the question of the first chart, which group is the biggest? What would be your answer? Well, obviously it's in the first one is Echo or E. Of course, right? And then of the second chart, which is the smallest? The other two, yeah. So it could be troops right out, you can tell. Exactly. So among, you know, within a matter of a couple of seconds of looking at these visualizations, the trend jumps out at you immediately. And the way the comparison between these groups and their magnitude sticks out right away. And so for this reason, in the biz community, we tend to prefer alternative ways of representing categorical data where our data set is broken down into various groups of different sizes, other than the pie chart, which you see thrown all over the place and overused and often misused. And albeit this is a contrived example. This is fake data. The color scheme used isn't ideal necessarily, but it's sort of illustrative of why you would tend to want to shy away from a pie chart in general. Or if you just are too much of a pie chart fan, stick to donut charts like the chart on my first slide. And those will serve you well enough. So now, if we move on to the next slide, you'll see the chart that I actually chose to represent the breakdown of the state vehicle fleet is the less well-known waffle chart. And so essentially in this chart, you have groups of counts of vehicles being symbolized by symbols. And light duty vehicles are represented as these green sort of sedan looking car icon. Medium duty vehicles being represented by blue sort of a passenger van, larger passenger van looking car icon. And then heavy duty vehicles being represented by this sort of moving truck, the red moving truck. And then finally, we have our special purpose vehicles, those 66 vehicles that we couldn't get full information for as sort of a gray tractor indicating those are kind of another group. But upon looking at this chart, you're able to quickly see not only the magnitude of each of these groups. So we can kind of roughly see that three fifths of the fleet are light duty vehicles. And then another, let's say 25% are medium duty and then a remaining 15% are heavy duty. We also not in addition to magnitude are able to have more of a sense of sort of a proportionality of each of these groups and how they add up to the larger whole that is the state vehicle fleet, right? So if we can move on to the next slide, we'll dive into sort of take a deeper look at the other kinds of questions that we can answer from this data analysis that was done on the vehicle fleet. So not only do we wanna know how many light duty vehicles there are in the state fleet but also what kinds of vehicles are we talking about when we say light duty, right? So light duty is really just this weight based classification but it doesn't necessarily tell you if they are we talking about just sedans or are we including other types of vehicles? And so here we have a bar chart ordered by count of the type of vehicle. And we can see that the most actually the most frequent type of vehicle falling into light duty is your pickup truck. And those of us who grew up in Hawaii or have lived in Hawaii long enough, we know that the most popular car by far is the Toyota Tacoma, which is itself a pickup truck, of course. But then a close runner up to the pickup truck is the sedan and then followed by the SUV or multi-purpose vehicle. And then tapering off with other types of vehicles like station wagons and vans and cargo vans, et cetera. Okay, so this kind of gives us a sense of when we talk about light duty vehicles, what are we really talking about essentially? And so now if we move on to the next slide, the other thing that we can start to look at is, okay, you know, since we know that in this, you know, in the current day and age, when we wanna start assessing, you know, whether we can replace certain vehicles with equivalent zero emission vehicle models, in general passenger cars will tend to be the category of vehicles for which there are a plethora or an abundance of options to choose from when it comes to choosing electric vehicles, battery electric vehicles or hydrogen vehicles as your zero emission options. And so here we have a visualization showing the number of light duty passenger cars by State Department. And so right at the top, we have DAGs followed by, I believe, UH and DOT. And so this kind of gives us a sense of, you know, where the majority of the State Fleet is, which departments they fall under and can kind of start to inform us as to where we should initially prioritize our efforts in carbonizing our own fleet. And just for those of you who are wondering or if there is any doubt of passenger cars, essentially a sedan or a coupe or a hatchback, you know, the typical thing you would drive to work that's gonna be a fuel-efficient vehicle that's meant for carrying very few passengers and not much else. And within the State Fleet, passenger cars or light duty passenger cars account for 1,033 vehicles in total. So we're not talking about pocket changes, this is a substantial number of vehicles. However, in addition to simply knowing, you know, which departments these vehicles fall under or are in use by, we also need to ask, okay, how old are these vehicles? Are these vehicles reaching the end of their serviceable lifetime? Are they ready to be replaced or not? So if we move to that, I'm sorry? We have a graph for that? We do, we do indeed. So if we move to the next slide, I believe. Yeah, so in this slide, on the left, we have a view of the age of the estate vehicle fleet today. And so this is broken down by departments for the top five departments. And then in the sixth waffle chart on the bottom right of the left sort of array of waffle charts, we have others, which it just groups together the remaining departments whose fleets are substantially smaller than the top five. And so you can see that today, with the exception of DAGs, at least half of the fleets currently in service today are 11 years or older in age, essentially. And so what that means is there's this sort of highlights that there's an urgency within certain departments. There will be an urgency to replace some of these vehicles as they are reaching the end of their serviceable lifetime. And so what this tells us is that we need to move fast in sort of accurately assessing where we should prioritize effort in terms of investing in electric vehicle charging infrastructure and deploying that infrastructure so that these agencies are more readily able to replace their current internal combustion engine vehicles with EV electric vehicle models that can be charged on site or in close proximity to where they are stationed. And then on the right side, the right group of waffle charts, what I did was I took the data sets and I synthetically aged it. So keeping the number of vehicles and the vehicles in the data set fixed, but just seeing how this age distribution would change in 2025. And as we can see that in most cases for most departments, their fleets are aging out incredibly quickly. So well over half of their fleets are gonna be in the 11 plus year range. And then in some cases, the fleets are even older than that and the 16 plus year range. And so these departments are gonna be looking to replace their vehicles. And what we wanna avoid is anyone deciding that, okay, this vehicle's reached the end of its serviceable duty lifetime. I'm gonna replace it with another ICE vehicle. That would be really disadvantageous for our effort because essentially when you do that, the clock resets. And we're stuck with that vehicle for at least another 10 years because any department that has gone through the procurement process and spent the money on a new ICE vehicle, isn't gonna wanna go replace it tomorrow or in a few months with a battery electric vehicle. So the time is now really for us to assess where our efforts are best expended and where we can best look at deploying, charging infrastructure and sort of reduce the friction involved with acquiring electric vehicles and sort of familiarizing ourselves with electric vehicles and leveraging them in our efforts to decarbonize our fleet. Although this analysis does a good job of sort of giving a preliminary view, there's still a lot that's gonna go into these decisions. We need to also assess where are these vehicles housed? Where are they located? Because this data sets spans vehicles on all of the main islands as well as Molokai and Lanai. And so we need to look at, okay, do these departments, do certain departments have vehicles that are housed in close proximity to one another? Could we potentially kill multiple birds with one stone by sort of collaboratively deploying infrastructure that can service vehicles that are owned and utilized by multiple departments? Okay, well, believe it or not, Troy, I told you it would go fast. We're at the end of our time. So I'm ready to leave it there. You've been watching and I'm gonna tell you, but thank you very much for being on the show. So you've been watching Hawaii, the state of clean energy on Think Tech Hawaii. And today we've been discussing data is powered and it really is power. Now I can see how you can, what a powerful tool it is that HSEO has developed. And thank you, Troy, for helping us out on that. And Troy, thanks for being on our show. All right, thank you for having me. So we'll see you all next week. And this is Mitchu and signing off, saying aloha.