Hello and welcome to NewsClick today in Dockman Science and Tech. We will be looking at the issue of the lab leak theory, the theory that the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, the SARS-CoV-2 virus actually leaked from a lab in China. And we see again that this issue, this theory is being pushed in the mainstream media as being equally possible that as a theory that the virus naturally evolved. So, we have with us, Praveer Korkar, asked to discuss the plausibility of these two scenarios and how possible are the two scenarios equally possible or really how do you weigh them? So Praveer, can you tell us about this narrative that is being pushed? Yeah, I want to widen this framing of the issue that how do you actually evaluate different possibilities? Well, for instance, you have a lab leak versus nature issue where you have also, for instance, the UFO issue. Now, that's an interesting one because there is a recent US military report about detailed examination they have done UFOs visit the world or not. And that has come out with a number of instances where they have no explanation, therefore appearing to say that UFOs could actually have come. Now, I take this also with the US administration demand of Saddam Hussein that he showed us that he has no WMDs, but I'll postpone that for the time being. Let's look at alternative hypothesis when it is framed. And how do we normally evaluate it? See, if you ask people that there are two possibilities, immediately the brain receives it as if there are two equally probable hypotheses. So it doesn't appear that the possibilities could have completely different probabilities. And I think that's the key issue here. When you frame it that there are two hypotheses about how the current coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic emerged, the understanding is if there are two hypotheses, then both should have equal probability to start. Now, the difference here is that we have had very small outbreaks from labs earlier or viruses which have been studied and they have infected very few people. So five, six, ten, those are the kind of numbers you have seen and these leaks have also been very few, leaks meaning either because somebody got infected, because of the biosafety precautions not being taken and infected to others. So this is one class of things against epidemics which have repeatedly occurred in nature. We have hundreds of epidemics which have occurred and in this century because we have the SARS, MERS, SARS-CoV-2, the viruses that have all coronavirus, but we have also had the H5N1, H1N1 repeatedly being threatened and some of them have actually occurred as epidemics. We have every year new flu viruses that emerge and we have number of millions of cases that take place over loads. So we periodically see viruses emerge from nature and why is it that the pathways of such emergence are enormous? Why? Because animals are much larger in number, as you know, than for instance, laboratories, the particularly biosafety laboratories where such research is conducted. So numbers of animals which carry different zoonotic diseases as we call them are enormous, they are very large. In China they have for instance investigated 80,000 animals but the point is there's still a small drop in the ocean compared to the total number of animals that exist. They can directly infect millions of people they're in contact with, birds, bats, rats, all of these are carriers of zoonotic diseases and of course we know from the Ebola case we don't know what the carrier is but we know for instance in the AIDS epidemic that the carrier was a chimpanzee. So you have this n number of vectors which are there and they can directly infect human beings but they can also have intermediate animals which become there the root to the human being. So you really see that as what happened in the policy of SARS or SARS-CoV-1 as we now call it or MERS where in one case it was actually the civet which seemed to have been the carrier, intermediate animal and the other was the canvas which actually actually was the intermediate carrier between the backs of the human population. So the number of pathways are enormous the populations are very large therefore though we put it as if it's an either or hypothesis it's actually the probability of one is much larger because of possibilities within that are literally millions against the few very few where in the biological research in the one piece that exists in the world which can carry out such research. Now there are also questions why the Wuhan research laboratory was doing or working on this virus and it is close to Wuhan where obviously in the first known cases have broken out but that's where you normally put a research laboratory because these kind of diseases are there a world laboratory is there where Ebola is prevalent so all of these are naturally what happens if you have any endemic disease that exists then of course the research laboratory is going to be close to there and that's why 200 of the research laboratories is where it is because it's searching bad virus and now so that's that's one part of it I want to draw the parallel to the UFO example for exactly the same reason that we believe it's either extraterrestrial or it is nature talk human in the world, terrestrial phenomena. If you pray a bit like this you are again causing a binary that extraterrestrial or terrestrial except the terrestrial phenomena within it has a huge number of altering possibilities people making simple mistakes, mistaking natural phenomena for extraterrestrial interventions or even man-made phenomena of different kind balloons and so on big identified as you are first so what you by this binary framing it in this particular way you are actually comparing millions of possibilities against one very specific or maybe five, ten very specific things that you know are quote unquote as the alternatives and therefore the probabilities of that are very very different and I think this is the problem putting it as the alternative as possibilities that then the argument is why should we not look at the lab as an equally possible hypothesis and the equally the world is not used but that's the way it is actually played and saying we should then look at this as well and then of course you have the next is the conspiracy hypothesis of different kinds when you put all kinds of correlations and claim that this is why it must have happened in the way they presume the lab will occur but I would like as I said to go back to the UFO case what does the UFO case show there are literally number of such instances where they could not identify the possible cause so therefore they have said we can't prove it is not extraterrestrial and I think this is the problem that we now have it has been basically also come in public domain to all the newspapers UFOs could actually exist that American investigation showed that yes there are possibilities of UFO so I think this is the whole problem that because you could not identify it for what it was from this grainy old camera photos which were there at that point of time to extrapolate that we can't understand it and therefore it must be extraterrestrial is equivalent to saying that because we haven't found an animal which infected us therefore it could be it's a lab I think both are the equal equal possibility arguments that are being presented as equal probability I think this is where the fundamental problem in science lies that we cannot disprove something that easy that to disprove something is almost an impossibility and because there are so many ways that it could happen and we as human beings have not explored all the possibilities at any point of time that's why we get the problem of trying to find something that does not exist and proving that it does not exist. So right Praveen talk about disproving and we also can look at the example of WMDs in Iraq and Saddam Hussein being asked to prove that he does not have those weapons or the Wuhan lab being asked to prove that they in fact that the virus did not leak from there so then in such scenarios also then how do they go about proving this you know that this negative that the basically it's a negative that this did not happen. Proving the negative is impossible essentially logically to show something did not happen is it's almost an impossible task unless you know there is a murder which has taken place at the particular point of time and you have an alibi now unfortunately those are not the examples we are talking about. Saddam Hussein's case is very interesting because if you look at the American television coverage at that point or all the media articles that were coming the argument was a very simple one that Saddam Hussein has weapons of mass destruction to show his good faith all he has to show is his close and destroy. If he does not, if he doesn't disclose them it's proof that he has weapons of mass destruction which is not disclosed so it started by saying that weapons of mass destruction exist in Iraq Saddam has it so the only way he can show that he doesn't have it is to give it to us show it to us and then we will destroy but the point is even if he did that assuming for example here that you tucked away the point is that how does he prove he doesn't have more so this is where the issue really lay over there that they had allowed weapons inspector to go anywhere and everywhere the military intelligence agencies which were there part of those inspections that the map of Iraq's everything very thoroughly and therefore it was very useful to the Iraq invasion later and the bombings but Saddam trying to prove a negative was never wrong and we remember the two proofs that the United States presented one of the yellow cakes which was the case which was from Niger which was disproved by actually their own internal US staff who said this is bogus and that we have created a lot of problems later on for one of the persons who was a partner of a CIA agent who was actually exposed by the Bush administration trying to darken his name and the claim that where this yellow cakes from Niger were really not being imported by Saddam Hussein and we have the famous example of US Secretary of State US Secretary of State Colin Powell presenting as biological weapon something which was essentially a moving mobile van for purposes of purely collecting samples and so on. So providing these kind of evidence was what led to the Iraq war and we now know that even the Saddam Hussein did not have WMD's either biological weapons as Colin Powell had stated in the UN Security Council or what the Bush administration is claiming right through about nuclear weapons and this is what was the UK also completely backed with supposedly their input. So proving the negative wasn't possible and as we said even giving all access did not help Saddam Hussein. Now what in this particular case he gently the Chinese expert on coronaviruses particularly bad coronaviruses would really roamed in all places where bats are there trying to study possible infections that they carry to humans with zoonotic diseases who really played a stellar role including in Ebola trying to find vaccines for Ebola and so on. So this she has said in one interview I think with New York Times she says I'm being asked to prove the that something did not happen how do I prove something did not happen how do I prove the negative. So this was her position as well that's how do I prove that something did not happen when it didn't happen and we have Jillian Anderson who was the last researcher in Wuhan laboratory or researcher who was there at this particular time or at least in contact with people in this particular time she was there just before I think the actually pandemic broke out and she says that in this whole period she was very familiar with the work being done in the lab the kind of protocols it's followed that an accidental break lab break of a virus was almost impossible and she doesn't she said there is no evidence that there were people who are infected and it leaked out so this and this was a lab which had BSL for standards she very high standards and she herself says that the kind of standard that were followed were actually better than in most other similar laboratories and she instituted some of those practices in the Singapore laboratory that she works in she is an Australian origin scientist who also works in Singapore. So we have other evidence that we that are there that this is not something which would have happened apart from numerous scientists saying that look looking at the possibilities that this seems to be very weak hypothesis if at all possible and this is what the WHO report actually says of course given the politicization of the issue this has led to a huge demand that this should be treated on par with this there's Nicholas Wade who wrote a very racist theory of population genetics claiming that why white races are superior and essentially and this is something which he did exactly the way he has done here that he took all evidences from whatever sources he could find filtered out only little bits and pieces strung it together to say that this is the hypothesis science backs and it's only political correctness that people are scientists are not saying this he has done the essential hatch a job here before that it wasn't something which was in popular domain very strongly but Nicholas Wade having originally been a correspondent in science correspondent of Times New York Times and he had some credibility before this book that he published about 10 years back which destroyed his credibility about being neutral about science or being an actually a good science journalist. So he's come back with this lapnik hypothesis and well he's come back into a fair amount of credibility because people are not talking about what he had done earlier which is very similar people are treating him as a science correspondent science journalist and how good his science could be and that of course covers up for the fact that he's now become the standard torchbearer of the anti-China and anti-Wuhanland case. Right and finally Praveen can tell us you know how does even one doesn't you know go about evaluating something there must be some sort of way to evaluate uh say the existence of biological weapons I mean Saddam Hussein for example did open up the uh they did give access for for the search to be conducted for any possible existence of weapons but so is there even if that didn't help them but is there no such possibility here of any sort of evaluation being done to find out that if such a thing could have happened. You know the what you're asking is do we have protocols for the first laboratories which deal with the biological research of this kind whether there should be there are protocols to see that these there are transparent there is transparency and there is sharing of information or what kind of research that is being done this was something the biological weapons convention had proposed this is something which is discussed the chemical weapons convention had also proposed inspections transparency all of these while in the chemical weapons there was opposition from the United States as well as the essentially by the chemical manufacturing companies that their intellectual property could be in public domain as a consequence and they could be easily monitored found out and copied but finally the US agreed to the chemical weapons treaty for this transparency and the protocols to be followed inspections included but in the case of biological weapons in 2001 they withdrew from the agreement they said we will not allow inspections we will not allow any transparency or what we are doing in our research laboratories biological research laboratories we're not going to call them weapons research laboratories but biological research laboratories now why did the withdraw is a separate question which we can discuss another time but what is important to know it happened at the Bush administration and John Bolton who has been the key figure in withdrawal of the United States for various weapons treaties he was the key person here too who said that the US should not do this and withdrew from the treaty now that had actually propositions of transparency and inspections maintaining certain information if all of that had been done the Wuhan issue would have been over because all the issues they're raising they would have been following a common protocol which had been common to all research laboratories of similar tanks here it's an interesting issue the United States is not saying that we should go back to the biological weapons convention and relook at all of these for preventing such either things happening or from knowing about it in the future they are saying we just want to see subject to Wuhan's lab to a complete exercise of finding that they this did not happen in Wuhan lab which means they're going to start finding the you know the negative that they have Wuhan labors to prove the opposite of what we're talking about not that it happened but prove it didn't happen so that's of course a negative argument but the interesting part is that the United States even today it's not just Bush administration even under the Obama administration did not go back to this now it's an interesting question why the United States refused or refuses even today to go back to the biological weapons convention and say in light of all these problems we now have we should really have a protocol to see that we know what each other is doing the United States claimed that we're withdrawing from it because it's not verifiable that if there's a weapon we can't verify it but the purpose of this was never about verifiability to go for transparency and the protocol did not go into the verifiability that you don't have new biological weapons but the processes in the lab should be transparent and that is something that they could have easily agreed upon which they did in the chemical weapons case but they did not do it in the case of biological weapons now why they did not do so the various issues but let's also face facts that after the second world war the Japanese group which practiced biological weapons use and biological weapons research on a number of prisoners including American prisoners they were given total indemnity from the war crimes and then based on the fact that it turned over all the research to the United States there was a war crimes trial in the Korea and where there was an international body which actually looked into the issue and said what Japanese research had happened that was used by the United States against North Korea at that point of time in that in the Korean war there are known examples of what they had done so the US not giving access this this issue about their getting all the information from the Japanese war criminals who had practiced biological weapons on in prisoners of war including as I said the American prisoner of war is not public domain it's not secret anymore it has come in public domain it's been released as a part of what the archives release regularly so this is the reason that why the United States may be in public taking the position against biological weapons they still may be conducting some dual use research now here is the issue we know that the biological research of certain kinds of dual use we know that vaccines preparing vaccines antibiotic in the bioreactors can also be used to create biological weapons we are aware of that so why is the US not willing to go back to the biological weapons convention if it believes that there is this possibility of weapons research taking place in other countries it's still an open question and I really have no answer except maybe that they either are conducting research which they don't want the world world to know or their biological companies think that they need to be very secretive about what they're doing and therefore intellectual property being what it is it is the dividing line between having a market controlling the market or having competition they're unwilling to share this knowledge the consequences that the world then always will wonder whenever there is a new pandemic the world will always have this question and the US having raised it once will also face similar questions if a pandemic breaks out now in the united states that people will say it happened because of your research that you are carrying out there already four day trick has been under scanner for some of these issues so this unfortunately goes only into creating more and more conspiracy theories and unfortunately now we see the United States joining full full throttling into a conspiracy theory which earlier was restricted to a very fringe groups then to very fringe groups in the world right right so thank you for being for joining us today for this discussion and that's all the time we have keep watching you stick


fishing today it is overcast and windy right before a cold front today and I thought it has been a little while since I've gone out to my particular nemesis lake that's close by and just absolutely caught nothing and it's high time it's high time to do it I do it once a quarter for those of you that live around here this is the lake I call the Dead Sea most times but many of you know it has like Ray Roberts and there are in fact giant bass and it produces huge sacks during tournament season I just don't know I don't know where they live the only couple times I've gone out there and done well has been with a buddy man and I'm going with him today so maybe he's a good luck charm I don't know I did manage to slay some crappie last year there and it kind of my eyes to how good the crappie fishing is so I do need to dial that in I'm gonna be doing that this year but I've got that it shall bass right now it's like the hearts are beating on both sides right now my crappie heart my bass heart and guys we have so many new baits oh my gosh I'm so excited about this February launch I'm talking everything from two and a half inch tubes to our happy trailers gotta have it on your vibe jig absolute must love grubs I mean the slizzards already here the double Colorado blade is thumper blades are coming out oh the iterations of reels those are coming at some point not right now but I've got new samples of those I'm fishing with today just a lot going on oh and the crappie jigs are now the crappie jigs are flowing the jigs are flowing and doing this why dot com use code and let G save 10% off on all this stuff but today we're rolling out in the silver bullet I think it's gonna be its last ride here she is silver bullet my daughter come here sugar oh oh you've been such a good one I am I am very fortunate guys fun and sun they're a boat dealer here in the DFW area and they hook me up with the use of a boat every year so I basically had to try new boats with new electronics and you know new motor series every year and I love that you know it gives me some insight into everything that's that's new coming out in boats and upgrades and you know maybe things that I like better on other boats I want to take that it's great I love that so this boat is actually going to be for sale available at fun and sun I will have to say this has been my favorite silver bullet for a couple of reasons mainly that motor right there that Merck she's a horse sometimes you get a motor from the factory that's a little hotter just run it's got a little more pop on it and from my experience with the Mercury's I've been running this one just has a little more juice on it I don't know I don't know it could be the motor could be the balance of everything in the boat this this boat just has a little a little bit more giddy up and I love the one graph system up front the one graph I don't like the two the double graphs gets kind of confusing you know some guys like that but I like the one big jumbo right there at the console and for me doing bass and crappie you know having having all tracks of course this has been the favorite trolling motor that I've run so far I've run a lot of these but having the extra turret then having the 360 it's an unbeatable combo for offshore fishing and then wanting to crappie you spot lock then you get your turret game on so sadly I think today is going to be her last ride there's also this thing with with new boats where it's like before you've got on some fish and caught them it's there's like a it's almost feels like a curse you need to break on it like I'm not I'm not catching any fish in this boat was wrong this moment it's just you mentally really but this boat has the juice you know what I mean like I think the first time I went out in it first couple of times I went out I caught them then I caught like a nine-pounder like fresh like two three weeks old I was like oh my gosh I knew it was gonna be a good one from there but there ain't no amount of luck that can save you from the possible goose egg on old Ray Bob that's where we're heading today so we probably won't catch any fish today y'all but we're gonna have a good time I love you either way she's a nippy is this recording this first fish of the day hooked up raising the way got on a grass line now it's been about an hour been an hour out here without a bite but then just picked up the old lipless clutch fighting this really slow because it's barely hooked got it on braid with the reaction rod I'm just ripping it through some coontail mill foil type stuff this is this is like typical what you see this is a good fish wintertime wintertime fatty that's a toad baby that's a toad right there fattened up and I put some braid on this rod for ripping it through this sticky grass can't believe I caught one I can't believe this this lake is just it's the nemesis lake for me but heck that's a good one thing about wintertime fishing is you do have the chance of catching big ones like that look at that's a new color for this spring tray we've got a we've got like a clear red that's that's money or cash cash draw cash draw yes roaches got a little more yellow in it chartreuse but this is like straight red flaming hot flaming hot this is the name of that so it's gonna be available for springtime fishing for you guys this year reds become real popular in the late winter early spring that's a really good fish right there take that all day yeah we've also got some duck hunters out here on the bank I said they lost a duck and they're the requesting that we got here and try to retrieve it for them so hey castin and blastin baby literally caught this bass right in front of some decoys all right we're gonna let this one go I'm gonna say that's that's pretty much four pounder look how thick its tail is super thick healthy bass see baby really really hard just ripping it through that grass and then don't get it good sometimes I'll fish this braid on really grassy lakes but go with like a 30 pounder a 40 pound 30 pounds really good because it'll cut through the grass really well if you've got a lot more sparse grass you know fluorocarbon's fine like 15 pound fluorocarbon but reaction rod with that braid perfect little setup for ripping grass on these clutches in the triangle cross-section yeah no problem dude he's definitely he's he's a he's a very well-known amateur yeah yeah Lake Fort guys my channel no no that's my buddy Trey I'm sorry Trey I got you Jerry for Guggen squad all right we're on a duck we're duck hunting right now duck retrieval mission duck retrieval mission amongst the trees there's this weird time of year where duck hunters and danglers unite and that guy does both Mallard getting up going into the wind this kid oh yeah looks a little struggling yeah I am yeah for my channel yeah I was hoping we could get your duck man for the video oh yeah look at that laying on top of the grass right there six five foot perfect little munchers oh do you see that on the scope mm-hmm I freaking bumped him in the head right here yeah he was falling it and I gave it one twitch and I bumped him in the head I felt that he's following it I thought he was like coming up to eat it all right guys we're breaking out the double barrel shotgun here getting dangerous oh big boy moves eight foot grass line I've had a couple of followers knocked one in the head here see if I can get one to get nasty with me give me a big bump look at that giant stump up there oh drop your up single tail waiting on sample line it's a little double tail it's basically oh oh Terry's on how far up there were you into that big it that's a good that's another good one that other one dog me oh shoot Terry that's a good one hang on son oh shoot hang on buddy we might need a net yeah look to what give me a give me a second longer I'm trying to figure it out Jerry I'm trying to figure it out there we go yeah that's a five damn that fish is big you both of us fish are freaking that's a hammer I have to scale that one up there saucy just getting her dude that is a fat hell yeah it's freaking go Jerry by the way folks Jerry is normally behind the camera but today it's ripping lips dude that is a healthy fish let's get a photo holy holy where's your phone not that long but damn it is I know the fattest fish I've seen over here scaled up for sure over five I don't want to be overconfident but I'm seeing some fives in my day and oh it just went six for a second yeah five pounds 12 out five and 12 orders bro let's go that's a freaking new new PB out on this lake nice there we go yeah that was a beautiful fish that is awesome gorgeous fish my guy very good let her let her go make some more babies this year freaking go well you you made the call you're like hey do you have any underspins in the boat yeah almost gave up on looking for the underspins but Trey pulled one out for me and came in clutch came in clutch the last the last dangled the silver bullet well y'all off the water and I would have to say things went about as expected today maybe even better than expected catching two fish over the expected zero pretty amazing I was actually standing exactly right here when I gave the zero prediction turn off all the graphs shutting everything down gonna clean her up and get her ready I'm going to leave some of my poles in here and some of the baits in here so whichever whoever ends up getting this boat will get some of the brand new baits that are just now launching and a couple of my sticks from this past season I was a little surprised that the jerk bait didn't perform more I thought just working that around some trees would be good nothing on the spinner bait surprisingly I mean even a chatter bait didn't get it done the swimmy the swimmy and the old lipless I think just reacting was it and I think it was a little slow little overcast for jig today it was basically just those reactionary baits and just using our new test samples on these reels that's actually an older one right there you can see the difference in the in the side plates side plate difference on the greens right here so the low profile that one versus that one but these casts amazing I mean this one is this one doesn't even have the dual braking system the green series doesn't have the dual braking system and I was fleeing that half ounce trap with that 40 pound braid whereas the gold has the magnetic and centrifugal braking you can just get a lot more dialed this one just handles handles better on the casting in my opinion but pretty easy out of the box didn't even really mess with the casting control and just zipping it it's time to clear out the old silvies the old silver silver bullets out of the silver bullet didn't hit any stumps today center out right on a good clean mission thank you guys for coming out with me on the last mission in this silver bullet many more to come in the new one for the new year things are heating up big fish time now through May big green ones big crappie I'm excited so hope you guys are on some open water where you can go fishing if not stay tuned you watch us go fishing right here on this channel and we'll see you here back in the grand outdoors on the next one


Hey YouTube, this is John Hammond with some more otter CTF and memory forensics with the volatility framework So let's move on to the second challenge. This one's called general info 75 points and it asks Let's start easy. What's the PC's name and the IP address? So we actually will use the flag format this time I was able to submit the previous one because I remembered that I needed a rapid end CTF So sorry about that. Anyway, let's move on to it. We have our Virtual memory already downloaded. We have volatility all set up and we can just kind of use it with the profile equals Oh boy, I kind of forget what it is It's the win seven service pack one x64. Okay, cool So now let's actually try and figure out what we can do to determine the PC or the computer's name and IP address So let's take another look at the command reference what we can really do if we want to get the computer's name, right? We can look at processes. We can look at DLLs. We can look at open files or commands or entered environment variables, etc. Maybe Envars will work for us display of processes and vars plug-in Will this actually give us a computer computer name? Maybe It's worth checking out doesn't look like this does Let's try it Envars that's kind of a fun of volatility, right? Oh boy. Okay. This is doing it for like every single Like jeez every single process either but looks like it did even find one just in Windows PowerShell, right computer name. That's right there. That works just fine for us Nice. Okay. There's our computer name. We can go ahead and copy that They're literally just checking out the environment variables for any of these possible programs are just entering it We'll track down the computer name as an environment variable Another option and what I had kind of done originally was I tried to determine where in registry is at the Like computer name. So I actually just Google that like Windows registry computer name and then try to track it down Wanted to see Okay, here is a reference in HKEY local machine system can control set current computer name so we can copy that and we can try and view it because Thankfully volatility offers a way to just print a key in the registry so we can check out how that works It's just using print key and then tack K Which I'm assuming is going to only be looking in local machine I don't know if it's able to view others because it looks like that Syntax or the front of it is could just kind of cut off. So if I were to try that We can use print key underscore, right lower capital K is the argument and then let's remove System and HKEY local machine now if I tried a current control set Print key No underscore my bad It told me originally That the requested key cannot be found in the hive search. So I thought hmm That's odd. Maybe it just can't see it in the current control set. So I actually tried another one I tried control set 001 which is another one that is a default or at least Maybe not a default but another option for where the current controls like not the current control set But a control set could be I mean if you if you've seen Windows registry It's a mess, right? Like there's plenty of places that stuff could be found But control set 001 is a thing and we can get the exact same result Okay, computer name is going to equal the exact same string that we saw when we were checking out the environment variables So now we've got two ways to skin a cat kind of cool to showcase that but that's the flag for the computer name Let's go ahead and submit that let's check it out. See if we can do CTF paste that in Please actually submit. All right, cool. Now. Let's get the IP address. This one is not too difficult If you wanted to look at the command references, you can just go in like search for network things Or if you actually just check out the very very top of this You can see that we have an option net scan And that will kind of dump all of the connections that are made between this computer and others Essentially, it's like a net stat command If we actually go ahead and try and run it on ours You can see that most of these like actual references or actually these connections that we're looking at have a local IP address Right 192.168 is something that will be local to us or at least local to the local area network or the land that we're In and expected to be working with that's a private IP space So I see a lot of repetition between 192.168 202 131 and I'm gonna assume that that's us considering it's calling out to other programs like bit torrent Etc etc Let's go ahead and try and submit that and see how it works. Looks like it's also getting Yeah, bit torn is reaching out to other things and listening on those ports. So we can assume that that is our computer CTF Pace it in wrap the flag syntax hit the submit button and that is also correct. So awesome That's how we can track down some more information with volatility awesome toolkit awesome framework And totally a lot that you can like explore and find whenever you just get a memory dump There are plenty that you can kind of carve through and dig out with these commands here So I definitely recommend trying to explore them and just learn a little bit more about them to see what you can carve through and hopefully I'll cover more of it as we go through more of these challenges That is the end of the video everybody. 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Hey friends, welcome what you're watching behind the scenes divine intimacy radio And we're gonna start the show. I think we'll just jump in. What do you think? Yeah, it's part two Mike set go This is Danis Stephanie Burke. Welcome to divine intimacy radio your radio haven of rest your hermitage of the heart Your monastery of the mind where we lift our hearts and minds to heaven to draw upon the wisdom of the saints To navigate the tumult of this difficult life with joy and peace and patience And prayer and prayer sometimes patience For you, this is part right part two of the series on Heretics and prayer and just to be clear The church is the only one who has the ability to formally call anyone a heretic and I'm not it's not coming from me The first guy we talked about in the first series was Miguel Molinos who was Actually actually condemned as a heretic That's why that's the title of the the series, but don't don't misunderstand me I don't have the authority to designate anyone as an heretic. That's good because I really don't want you carrying that cross I want you to have that authority now, and I you know, that doesn't mean we don't talk about You know issues, you know and problematic texts and things and and I will say, you know We tend to we we love to be on the positive side of things that we have thousands and thousands of posts at spiritualdirection.com and a very tiny percentage are more like this show And we rarely ever name names, but I thought today Got a lot of questions in about different authors on prayer, and I thought, you know, sometimes it's important I think to have clarity. I think a lot of times people look to Quote unquote the berks for clarity just tell us how do we navigate this in a way that keeps us safe They desire it. Yeah, because so much of the info out there can be really squishy. Yeah, because people don't want to be clear Right. So well, let's jump into the questions The first one is what is this new mindfulness thing I Watched a video by a priest named father Ian Van Huisen and he seems to think it's a good thing. Is it? the answer is In in 2000 foot tall letters and oh, it's not a good thing I know father Ian. He's a Nice guy nice, you know, sweet-spirited priest He and I have had in-depth conversations about this in the past but unfortunately he got caught up in a resurgence of the The eight-fold path of Buddhism Attempting to integrate it with Catholic teaching and this goes back to a false Really a rejection and I'm not accusing father Ian of this I'm just saying Fundamentally you have to reject what Jesus said when he said don't pray like the pagans to do this I mean, it's just not that complicated. The other thing is I don't Jesus doesn't need Buddha to Give you the peace that he promised you He's the one who came to set the captives free You know, you know, it's fundamentally at the core of that I think is in our society and I think in our flesh in our weakness We want something that's just gonna be easy, right? I do this and it's gonna give me a result Right, which is is really central. I mean it's based in self-reliance, right this self-reliance I need to control God. I need to tame God. I need God to do what I want him to do He's not, you know, I feel unseen unheard. He's nowhere for me. Therefore, I'm gonna go create right this encounter with God rather than By the means the Lord has given us in church and the doctors of the church humbling ourselves picking up our cross and and learning to be holy as we walk through prayer and Allowing in making ourselves little waiting for the Lord to come down upon us and Purify us and have a real encounter with him, right? So it's it's about control and This taming of the relationship. I think it's interesting. It's interesting theory Yeah, though rather than getting into the any details on mindfulness The best book written on it is called a Catholic guide to mindfulness by Susan Brinkman who's a journalist and It has a forward by dr. Anthony Clark and the the book was also reviewed by dr. Anthony Lillis dr. Lillis has been the The academic dean of three seminaries and he's the academic dean of the Aval Institute dr. Clark is is has a PhD in Buddhist studies and And Carl Olson of Catholic World Report as well is notable in his study and writing on Buddhism so this thing is a super well researched Summary, I frankly I could I know all the claims on the other side and I could care less I mean, they're just spurious. It's just I you know, is it well-intended. I hope so It's very expensive, you know a lot of money to be made that always makes me suspicious But the bottom line is mindfulness is not the same thing as the sacrament of the present moment It is not a proper to integrate these things with the Catholic faith and if you read this book and and you Really are want to be dead center in the Catholic Church. You won't mess with this stuff It's it's I even can't I even had contact with a guy Who actually ended up having to go to an actress this because of his practice of quote mindfulness and so I mean It's really it. I'm sorry. Yeah. Yeah, no good. It's really an attempt to Catholicize Buddhism it is I mean, it's the same thing as it's a replay of centering prayer It's like oh, I see something in the non-christian east. No strata te says whatever is good, you know And other religions should be should be, you know praised, you know, which I mentioned on the last show That's not all no strata te says it says that these things are only a reflection of the ray if they are true and The real sources in Jesus the way the truth and the light and I'm quoting the passage No one comes to the father, but through me. So yeah Mindfulness phase right now crazes a replay of centering prayer It's it's a trying to integrate non-christian eastern spirituality with the Catholic spirituality, you know And I just can't say it enough. Jesus doesn't need Buddha To give you the peace that he promises that he died for that he gave you this the entire sacramental economy for You know, all that we need in the church to come to peace Is in in the church and I'm not excluding sound Catholic psychology Based on real science not popular You know goofy pseudo non-christian eastern junk Yeah, and I mean I would really challenge folks that if they're very very serious about encountering the lord Take up into the deep watch the series Implemented into your life study discernment of spirits and do it with fervor and you will encounter the living god amen You will encounter him. I can assure you that and what she's talking about the end of the deep series My book is is sold a huge number of copies and people really loved it and said, you know, we speak all around the country talking about it and Someone came to us and said would you please, you know create a video series? So I don't have to wait for you to come to my parish or whatever And so we did last year and and I it really turned out beautifully It's uh, it was very expensive to produce but We decided to make it free. So we just want many people to pray. Yeah So spiritualdirection.com is where you'll find it. Yeah, I think there's a little banner still a little banner that pops up on that Yeah, all right Um If you had to pick just three books. Oh a positive question. Thanks be jesus If you had to pick just three books on prayer that you would recommend to help anyone to pray What would they be now? I'm I'll do mine and you can do yours. Maybe they'll be the same. I don't know Into the deep the one I wrote because and I wrote it May sound self-serving, but I actually wrote it because there's a lot of good books on lexiodovina By tim gray and these other good, you know, reliable authors There wasn't one though that was designed for Exactly. What do I do once I set the book down? How do I how do I practice it in the most practical sense? So into the deep would be number one the second one would be Prayer a great means of salvation and perfection which I helped to bring back into print Through sophia institute press. I wrote the forward for it by saying alphonsus agree It has the best arguments in the history of all humanity In print on why mental prayer is so is necessary for your salvation He actually taught if you don't practice mental prayer, you're not making it So that book and then the third would be the better part by father john bartunek Which isn't necessarily a book about prayer But it's a book that leads you through every single gospel passage In four volumes and teach it and helps you to encounter christ the teacher christ the friend christ in my life You know and really Appropriate the scriptures and really get to know jesus through scripture.  They're awesome. What what's your three? Well, you took all about the books of prayers. I mean, that's all the books on prayer that I would have picked. I think Um, that would be where I'd go, but I can trump all of that. Yeah and say holy scripture Well, that's into the deep right, but I but what I'm saying is Going to the lord it's it's living It's transformative and so in order to employ Into the deep and prayer and the gospel of In the better part and those studies is getting a great catholic bible And utilizing it. Um, it will change your life. It's living He's living he is the word made flesh And so we encounter him in it. It's extraordinarily beautiful and I know, you know I've had some events recently and I've said bring your bible, you know to the retreat As I did a retreat for women and you know, it's it's always kind of a hit or miss I don't know if everybody's going to show up with the bible because a lot of people don't actually have a really good catholic bible You need a good catholic bible Get one. Yeah, you know, there's a great one published by uh, sofi and stupress catholic readers bible I think it's what it's called and and it it took out they took out all of the Numbers and stuff like that. You can read it like a novel. Yeah, and it's actually pretty helpful. It's a unique new way of New I mean it's the way it was originally all those numbers and divisions weren't in there in the greek And the original manuscripts, but it does kind of declutter it a bit And I found it but there's something really beautiful about having a leather Yes, right bible with the pages and all that One other is a divine intimacy divine intimacy father gabriel st. Mary which is why this radio station Right this radio podcast is called divine intimacy. Yeah, and our marriage is called divine intimacy because it's a transformative Retreat yeah marriage retreats. Um So it is transformative the thing about that text is it's a daily meditation on spiritual theology I mean it is just but it is the best ever compiled. Yeah I just challenge people to pick it up and read that one little passage a day and not be Especially for really affected for a land and seriously surgical seasons. It's really I would brace myself every day I would turn the page when I when I was you know Committing to that because I turned the page to see what the new theme was. Yeah, and it was like Oh, no the theme's on humility because it would just break through in my day. So it's beautiful So ewtn's religious catalog course is always trustworthy to find these kinds of books spiritualdirection.com as well When we get back from the break, we'll talk about how do we know if we're practicing contemplative prayer or not? When your markets that go this is danis devaney burk. Welcome back to divine intimacy radio talking about prayer ticks heretics False teachings about prayer. Thankfully the last few questions have been pretty positive Um, and I think we've got some more positive questions. I think or at least I don't have to talk I don't like naming names But uh, which we did in our first and second, um first three segments Uh, how do I know if I'm practicing practicing contemplative prayers? So you you touched on that was it the last show or the previous segment was the last show So let's define contemplation. Shall we okay? So this is out of my book. Um Uh navigating the interior life. So contemplative prayer infused contemplative prayer Is a supernatural gift that originates completely outside of our will or ability In god by which a person becomes freely absorbed in god Producing a real awareness desire and love for him this often gentle Delightful and sometimes nonsensible like encounter Can yield special insights into the things of god and results in a deeper tangible desire to love god and neighbor in thought word Indeed It is important to note that infused contemplation is a state that can be prepared for But cannot in any way be produced by the will Or desire of a person through methods or ascetical practices, right? So to To your point when it was you talked about it earlier It's only something you can live a contemplative life Which is but which is what we call in the community of apostolate VA what we live which is prayer and a ceaseless it's it's Nurturing silence into your day Seeking more of god seeking a rhythm of life Having a specific plan on how to pray and how to pursue Holiness right rather than just kind of winging it And it avails ourselves of all the graces that the lord wants to give us. Yeah. Yeah, exactly. And I think it's just worth repeating that the contemplative prayer The way you begin is the way you begin in prayer to dispose yourself is through meditation Or discursive Christian meditation, which I was teaching my book into the deep daily a specific time and place Going through getting to know learning the life of Jesus talking to Jesus about his life receiving wisdom from him And making changes as you Experience the need for changes. Go ahead. Yeah, I mean some people can hear Oh the same exact time and think of it as something rigid or whatever And what that does for us when we get so I like to think of it as first fruits so That It was transformative to me to decide what I was going to give to god What time I was going to commit to him and show up for that time every day And because our life was so busy, we were both working, you know in outside jobs Then I needed to do that before the children got up before the world was noisy before my brain was too noisy as well And so I would get up very early. I still do to this day And I give that time to the lord and what that does is It makes my body my friend And it also says lord, I've committed this time to you. It's and I'm giving I'm availing myself of what you want to give To me because I know your promises are true and I'm committing by an act of a ceaseless By showing up every day in that time. And so what that does is it makes prayers so much easier Once you get past the problem of getting up every day at the same time Showing up is really transformative at the same every day. It's not about being rigid. It's about availing yourself And and committing that time and not taking it back right and so if you're in If you're doing that daily for several years You're you're going to confession once a month minimum You're at mass regularly. You're not you're fighting against mortal and venial sin You will begin to conquer habitual sin. It is normative And you will find yourself At a place where you can no longer meditate anymore Where it's too difficult and it's in it just it you know But never that phase never happens because it's always difficult But where you can't do it at all and now i'm talking john of the cross teaching That happens after you've gotten rid of habitual mortal sin usually after the rid of habitual venial sin And you're in this transitional state between the purgative and the illuminative way And the lord begins to change your prayer and you're you're able to be more silent with him and that sort of thing That's the precursor the prayer of simplicity. It's called is a precursor to Contemplative prayer, but contemplative prayer can only be prepared for and you can desire it to But there is no method and contrary to The teaching of the centering prayer movement. There's no method that you can get there and in fact Back to sort of the prayer tick thing if anyone says you can do contemplation By a method other than Ignatian prayer they're Lying to you and it's false teaching and it's not orthodox. Okay Um, my parish doesn't provide any formation on the deeper spiritual life Um, uh, what are the resources you recommend that I could pursue in this area? Well, one we've mentioned a bunch of times the into the recent the new film series We've done called into the deep which you can find out on spiritualdirection.com at no cost Uh, uh, though it's a beautifully produced Um What do you call a seminar on prayer? It's like serious five Half hour somewhere in there and then with questions and answers. There's a little booklet. I think you can get it for free even Yeah, download You can do it with a small group. You can do it in your parish. You can do it individually too. Yep. Yeah All completely of course orthodox and rooted in the teachings of the church I think that's you know, that's one resource another is um, some of the courses that we have at the avalan Avala Institute are amazing. I'm presently teaching as I mean we're recording this I don't know when people are going to hear the show, but foundations of prayer and union with god I teach it regularly for the avalan Institute And it goes through um, a pretty in-depth Teaching on understanding prayer from the very beginnings to deeper contemplative prayer. Yeah, and there's the third one What's that? Apostoli v. A. Oh, yeah, that's right. Um Apostoli v. A is our community We're 3000 plus strong and I don't know 50 60 countries around the world And there are small groups all over the place canada australia There are free resources free resources free courses there too. Yeah on prayer free courses on various things And and community to share and discuss this with as well Both online and individually depending on where you are in the country Yeah, we do we do free formation on the second and fourth saturdays Almost every single second and fourth saturday barring some unusual circumstance For an hour and it's always on the interior life right now We're going through with uh, I think uh, we we Sign up was like 7 000 people. Yeah, uh are going through with us through introduction to the devout life St. Francis the sales doctor of the church. Yeah, and so I don't know what we'll do after that But we'll keep going And uh, people really love it. So those are just some options. So apostoli va.org spiritualdirection.com avala-institute.com Those are some great resources um And you know, I I'd strongly recommend you help your parish I mean, you know, you can get the into the deep series and do it yourself. Yeah, I mean There's other people like you my my deacon dad st. Howard And ross went to mexico is leading Folks through this program right now for their latin series. They're doing it every friday. That's great um another kind of parish question how do How it's worded funny again I hope I don't make people feel bad if they word something by there's missing words Well last night during class. I was skipping words too How do I find how do I find folks who care about the spiritual life and really following Jesus to the full my parish feels dead I'm frustrated and feeling alone That's desolation one You got to fight that your parish probably isn't dead I you just probably haven't found the people who are like you every parish has got people like you in them And the enemy one says in that desolation to be isolated. Yeah to really feel like there's nobody like me I'm alone and and that's a real invitation to renounce that and and seek the lord and say, okay Lord, show me show me where my place is show me my tribe. Yeah, help me to find my tribe. I love that term and and so as you dive into these resources Um, especially with that bustle eva because there's there's community there Then as you draw near to the lord you will start to look up and find That there are others and you will you it just happens. It's a really beautiful thing Yeah, and I think, you know, st. John on the cross has this beautiful saying Where you find no love put love And I would say where you find no fervency put fervency where you find no orthodoxy put orthodoxy Where you find no reverence put reverence, you know So for for this person I would say Uh, I would and you know sound self-serving, but it isn't a product and we don't charge for it So get the end to the deep series. Do it. Yeah talk with your pastor And do it at the parish and and note who's there and then afterward Say, hey, would you like to start a small gospel encounter group? Right and we can even train we have free training In a full-time person. She's an awesome human being named Kathleen Bloodlow Who is dedicated to helping people start small groups and we don't charge for it Yeah, and and to that end because somebody will go, I can't run a group. I can't do that You know the thing is is the materials are so easy. You don't have to teach anything You don't have to worry about that. That's all in the video series All you have to do is get permission and see if you're you know, your priest may not know about it And as he looks into it, he might lean in as well And you might find all of a sudden that there are people around you that are hungering for more and need Need somebody else to bring it up and why would a priest want to do this, you know, we Ministered to a lot of priests through in and all of them are overworked. I at least everyone I've ever met Maybe they're all just from diocese with two to two few priests. I don't know but It's a fact that if you can make a 1 shift in your parish Of the number of people who are dedicated You it it dramatically affects parish income.  I mean the abla foundation everything we do Is to help repurpose the catholic mystical tradition to the church to support and pray for priests and and to help the people of god Come to know him so that they are changed and they change the world around them That's what we do all day every day and we want to help So feel free to reach out to us at apostolate via spiritualdirection.com And uh, be holy would you we need you the world needs you Okay Until next time may the god of peace make you perfect in holiness May he preserve you whole and entire spirit soul and body irreproachable at the coming of our lord Jesus christ amen


Okay, let's talk about the term organic. I'm sure you've heard that term, and let's see what that means and why it's better for our health and the health of our planet to buy organic foods whenever we can. Now sometimes you might see the word natural on foods that you buy in a supermarket, and this term natural can actually be pretty misleading because it's not very specific and there aren't many regulations around what can be called natural. But organic means something very specific, especially when we're talking about fruits and vegetables. It's a term that's certified by the government, by the USDA, or the United States Department of Agriculture. For fruits and vegetables, organic means that the crops were grown without any synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, and that they don't involve genetically modified organisms. How pesticides and fertilizers are used to help us grow large amounts of food to feed lots of people, but in the way in which we're using them, they're having serious environmental and health impacts. Fertilizers and pesticides are made from fossil fuels, meaning that they release greenhouse gases into our environment. Often farmers will also put on much more fertilizer than plants actually need, and this can be very dangerous because the extra fertilizer runs off into rivers and streams and eventually ends up in our lakes and in the ocean. You might think that the idea of extra nutrients in the water is a good thing, but it can actually be very harmful because it creates areas called dead zones, where there's not enough oxygen to support marine life. Now when farmers apply too many pesticides, this can also be really harmful because pesticides in large doses can lead to something called pesticide resistance. Okay, so what does that mean? Well, pesticides usually will kill off the majority of pests in any given population of pests, but the few who are able to survive, if these guys continue to reproduce, then over many generations the result will be the emergence of something called superbugs, and this can mean serious trouble for us. Now because organic farming doesn't use any of these aggressive synthetic pesticides or fertilizers, we don't see the same kind of bad side effects. Okay, so we've seen why organic is better for the environment, but what about why it's better for people? Firstly, organic farming methods protect the people who are working on the farms. Farm workers are regularly exposed to pesticides, and in the short term this can result in toxicity or poisoning, and in the long term it can cause diseases like cancer, it can cause birth defects, and even learning disabilities. So organically grown fruits and vegetables are free of these toxic pesticides. Not only do they protect the farm workers, but we're also not at risk of consuming pesticide residues with the food that we eat. What about the phrase locally grown? You might have heard that phrase as well. What does that mean and why is it something that we should be looking for if at all possible when we're shopping? So there are different definitions of local or locally grown, and it ranges from foods that are grown within 100 miles to within 400 miles, but basically the closer you can get to your own kitchen garden, no matter how small that garden is, the better. You can get local foods either at a farmer's market, some grocery stores will carry local produce and they'll label it and tell you where it's grown. And in contrast to that, when we buy for example fruit that's not in season in our part of the world, that fruit is often flown in from far away, and it brings with it sort of a downside. So let's talk now about why local food is better. Firstly, local food helps support your local economy, especially when you buy it at for example a farmer's market. The money you spend on local food stays within your community instead of going to support large corporations in other cities or states or even other countries. Secondly, local foods are fresher because they take less time to get to you. Locally grown foods also usually have a lower carbon footprint because they've traveled a shorter distance from the farm to your fork. Also, when we transport and store food for long periods of time, the nutrient content, so the amount of vitamins in that food, especially when it's fresh produce, is reduced. So the less transport and storage, the better. Many people also say that buying food at the farmer's market actually gives them produce that tastes better. So a lot of people say that this farmer's market produce just tastes fresher and is more enjoyable to eat. And we have to remember that buying local doesn't have to mean spending more. When you buy local food that's in season, it's often the same price or cheaper than what you would pay at a grocery store. So the take home message is really we need to do the best we can with the resources that are available to us, whenever possible, by organic, if possible by locally grown or plant a small kitchen garden, even better. And in general, that will result in foods that are not only better for us, but better for our planet as well.


This is Coach Mack, this is this week's goal line powered by Nissan Pylon Cam. This is second goal at the four yard line. You can see Jayon Brown move out here on this two man stack to cover the tight end. Once the ball is snapped, Jayon gets in perfect position, moves to the hip of the tight end, the throw is made, Jayon Brown uses his hand, sticks it, knocks the ball down. Tremendous, tremendous play at the Pylon. Next example we see down on the goal line, Jayon Brown covering the man in motion, man comes in motion, Jayon Brown perfect, perfect position, sticks his hand in there. Another incompletion, great job by Jayon Brown again in coverage.


So let's start our discussion of thermochemistry here or at least start solving the problems in it. So you may see a thermochemical equation or basic thermochemical equation, something like this, so methane plus 2 oxygens goes to carbon dioxide plus 2 waters plus 802 kilojoules of air. So what is that saying? That's saying when you have one mole of methane and it reacts with two moles of oxygen, you're going to get one mole of carbon dioxide, two moles of water, and 802 kilojoules of energy out of it. Okay, so you can think of energy as a product of the reaction if you want to like that. You can also think of it like since you're getting it out of the reaction, right? It's being released by the reaction, so that means it's negative in energy, right? So you can think of, in this case, delta E being negative 802 kilojoules. Is everybody okay with that? You can also think of it like this. So remember for every one mole of methane you burn, you get 802 kilojoules of energy, right? So is everybody okay with that kind of logic process? So if we say one mole of methane equals negative 802 kilojoules like that, right? We have a conversion factor. Does everybody see that? So it's just like using the 1 to 2 ratio here in the chemical equation. So if we had three moles of methane, how much energy would be be making from this reaction? Could you guys help me with that? So how will we do it? Yeah, so the change in energy for the three moles of methane, what will we have to do? Well, we would say what, three moles of methane? Well, let's do a 3.00. And then what will we put on the bottom here? And at the top, negative 802 kilojoules. So for every one mole of methane, it makes 802 kilojoules. Cancel, cancel. So what'd you guys get? 2406. Is everybody okay with doing equations like that? Remember is this reaction going to happen spontaneously or not? Why? It's making it, right? So it's spontaneous. This one gives off a lot of you. Questions?


I am excited to introduce our next talk, the Red String, coming you all the way from the Algarave tent, which I understand is something that must be seen. Dragitza Kalina. Thank you. Okay, I'm talking about the Red String. Let me get my tools. So, what am I going to talk about? There is two kinds of people. The one who dig deep, the experts, they go to the end of earth or whatever. And then there are the people who do many things. They connect the people who go deep. They sometimes go deep too. But their life is like many strings. They do many things and they do it sometimes in parallel. I called my talk the Red String because strings seem to be a theme in my life. It started when I was six and I wanted to learn crochet. At six I was really bad at crochet. Now I'm better. It's at least 40 years I'm doing that now. When my first day of my master's study at the university began, the first thing I heard my physics professor tell us, we are not at biology here. You can't knit in the lectures. Naturally two years later I started with knitting in my lectures. Because knitting and crochet, he said, are too easy. Physics is really hard. So crochet is simple. Can you read that? That's lace, by the way. You can do many things with crochet and it can be very complicated. And it's interconnected. And I never stopped it. And I was really, really glad when I found out that Daima, instead of using paper to do math and to do math models, Daima, Taimina used crochet to do math. This is a hyper complex structure. And she wrote a paper about that.  And biology. This is a reef made by many people, corals made wholly out of crochet. This is hyper geometric tiling. You can't do that with anything else. These are granny squares for everybody who does crochet on a regular basis. This is actually a Lawrence manifold. It's not the extractor. It's something that happens to in between, it's a cut between two attractors. So you can only actually crochet that. And this one is just because it's pretty. So I studied. I finished my master's degree and I wanted to start my PhD. And I wanted to actually start my PhD in string theory. It was hard for me to find a PhD in string theory. I was in Europe, mainland Europe. And there are many universities who are doing that. Actually the picture is wrong. So this is art, this is not science. Because the picture is wrong, because strings are actually... They are one dimensional. So strings. String theory is the theory of physics that tries to combine quantum mechanics or quantum field theory and gravity. They don't like each other. They are so completely different that it's really, really hard to do that. And I actually started to study physics because I wanted to do string theory because I always was fascinated by strings. So the thing is, instead of using or instead of calculating particles without any dimension, you use things with one dimension. And you find out that there is a theory that makes that possible. It's in 26 dimensional space. So you have 26 dimensional space, you roll up 22 of these dimensions and you get our 5 dimensional space and you have strings. But it doesn't work. You need them to actually be closed loops. That's what the picture shows. So you have 11 dimensional strings and you have 5 string theories. That's what I learned. Nowadays, it's slightly different. It's 20 years ago. Then M theory came and the one conference I went with string theory I found out that everybody was talking about M theory and I was doing normal string theory and that this didn't work. So I stopped my PhD and I did something else. I don't think I will do 20 minutes. Because I think there is science. Science is cool. Science is not about what I want nature to be. And string theory in many ways looks for me like what I want nature to be. There is not a lot of data you can have. Without data, it's not verifiable. You can actually have a cool idea and just find a mathematical formulation. Tell everybody that this cool idea you have is that and can write a paper. If you are at the right university, it even gets wet. My backstory was actually inspired by reading too much Pratchett. Sometimes, if you have read Pratchett, you probably all have. You know that he has these strange theories how the universe may come into existence. And my theory, and this is not science, this is art because it's storytelling. My strange idea was sometimes when I did string theory that there is this old lady sitting in a rocking chair knitting the universe. Knitting strings which vibrate at special frequencies and are our electrons, neutrons, protons and whatever there is else. So this is a depiction of the old lady knitting our universe. I stopped my PhD as I said. It was for me a little bit too much hand weaving. It was not really what I wanted to do with my life. So I looked at other things. I call this intermission. I started doing games. I programmed games and during my first triple A title when we were in the crunch time I made a t-shirt and I proudly after we actually finished it I proudly hanged it in my office and everybody was coming and looking at my t-shirt that everybody thought was crazy that I was knitting while programming but I could concentrate much better programming and debugging when my hands were actually doing something. So this was always something that happened for me. And then I started with something new. I started with music. I started with electronic music. And I started actually with electronic music because I found out that this stuff has a lot of math and it has a lot of physics. Carpalos Strong are two guys, Mr. Carpalos and Mr. Strong who had this theory how to simulate a violin. Not by samples but to simulate a violin. And it's pretty easy.  I can demonstrate. This is now the part that probably gets sound. Because this here is a sound collider. This is a sound collider and at the moment it's slightly too small for me to read. The important part is here. By the way, this is not by me. That is made by xtaudio.net. You can find all the super collider tutorials there if you want to come. If you want to come there is tomorrow, there is also workshops at the Algorithm tent. I don't say this because of the ad but because here you see what it's doing. Okay, what is it doing? You have a delay time. And the delay time is actually connected to the pitch. If you change the delay time, you change the pitch. What you do is actually you take here its white noise, delay it, make a feedback loop and the delay time actually gives you the pitch. What it does here is, the first thing it does is it calculates the delay time. It calculates the delay time out of the midi pitch you give it. So how does it sound? This is the live coding stuff. You actually have to think. Okay, it doesn't come out where it should come out. It comes out of my laptop. We will not change that but this is how it sounds. This is more the plug thing. It sounds slightly strange and artificial and that one is the one that's more the bowing one. But for something that simple, you take white noise, you put it into a delay filter, you filter it slightly, it actually sounds pretty good. I have an electronic instrument too which has this a little bit more sophisticated algorithm and uses it for a cello and it sounds really, really good. Most people can't tell if it's a cello or if it's a cello sample except cellists. They normally get it pretty fast. So I started with music because of somethings like this corpus... corpus-strong algorithm because this is actually a physical simulation what happens and there is lots of math in between there and with something like supercollider or live coding you actually can use the math for this stuff and I was really happy that I could use all my stuff that I learned at university finally to do something like music. So science to make art. Now let's come to the last one, the tuning. Most people think tuning is really simple and clear. Tuning is like I have 12 tones per octave. I normally use just 8 of them but we have this chromatic scale with 12 tones. We have this probably because our ear, how it hears, is with resonances and these resonances are really, really sensible to strong and rhythmic stuff. So why do we have the tuning we have? We have the tuning we have because the top one is an octave which has the proportion of 2 to 1 So 44 is an A and 88 is an octave above and 220 is an octave below So we have this strongest of all relations and if you look at it you see when you add two sound waves these are simple sound waves if they are an octave apart you get a periodic pattern. The same happens if you use 3 to 2 which is traditionally the one we call the fifth and you get also a periodic pattern. If you use something that isn't the simple numbers but that is more complicated numbers like 37 to 20 you get this dissonance and you get a non periodic pattern. That's why we try to use all these or Pythagoras try to use all these beautiful whole numbers. The other one is if you look at instrument spectra you see violin trumpet flute oboe that's all of them. You see they have spectrum is what you get that are the frequencies if you play a note on a violin it actually doesn't play one note it plays many notes that are the overturns the harmonics and they are spaced in a special way and we tried to have a tuning that gives us a maximum of this space so that if we play two violins in a special... sorry if we play two violins at a special interval they actually will match the overturns. That is the second thing we want to do. The problem with that is it doesn't work we can't make it work it's not mathematical it doesn't work you have things like the Pythagorean comma you want to have some things like the quint circle where you want to have everything neat and mathematically right it doesn't work. What we did is we have the equal temperament where we used 12 tones nowadays and we have the old scales these are the red dots which use the right ones and there is worse thought about this stuff so what I want to say is with that stuff is there is actually other cultures that use other systems for instance I think it's very interesting that the Indian scale, the Indian octave has 22 srutis which they use 7 out of for every scale they use so they have a completely different system also I mean other cultures have different systems and with electronic music it's actually quite easy to just chuck our system and make new ones for instance our Wilson did this fantastical drawings of scales you can look at them up they are all on the net Wendy Carlos did a scale that actually doesn't close at the octave which is revolutionary in itself because we saw that two to one the octave is really the strongest one you take a string, you half it you will get a tone and octave above and she was like no I don't like that I don't want it to close at the octave and she used other ones and then this Harry Parch he used the 37 or 43 pitches per octave scale which I think is very interesting too and he built his own instruments which you see one of them above he built his own instruments because nothing could play them and this one is a marimba but most of his instruments are strings because with strings the length is actually variable and you can actually with strings play every scale you want so a violin is actually capable of playing microtonal scales guitars are a little bit more problematic because they have frets but they are fretless guitars you can look at YouTube if you want fretless guitars are guitars with special frets so you can actually use 43 tones per octave you can find information about that on the Hugo's Fokker arc side or on the Xenharmonic wiki spaces I don't like actually the thing about these tunings is they are called microtonal which I like because we see the normal chromatic 12 tones is one tone in between so the whites and the blacks on the piano every one of them we see as one so C to C sharp C sharp to D D to D sharp and so on this is one and microtonal means we have tones in between the other one is Xenharmonic because it's mostly used in non-western cultures which I think is slightly, you know, like it's ours is not the default just because we use it so if it's okay do we have still a little bit of time I have some scales on my iPad and I would like to play some stuff for you I hope this one works always with electronic music it never works that's an Indian scale they are normally into ragas but I don't know which one is which so I just took one I liked and you hear that sometimes actually I played tones sometimes we actually don't hear the difference that's the problem if you play with scales like this now I use the Indian instrument for that that is because it sounds better now let's hear it with cello which I will use for the other ones because it's... the Indian one and now I want to play one of the Wendy Carlos scales this is Carlos Alpha that one has 15 tones per octave and now the last one it's parge 43 which is very difficult to play because 43 pitches per octave you don't have from tone to tone you probably don't have enough difference that was parge and sometimes you hear that actually the intervals sounds very nice because actually with the 43 parge made it so that the fifth is actually nearer to the pure fifth than it is in the equal temperament scale so if you use more tones you sometimes get nicer intervals so that was my talk yeah I hope I showed you new things yeah and string


a system that's 20 years old and we can't exactly build a system for the future on an ordinance that's 20 years old and the county can't be a barrier. Our ordinances can't be a barrier to ensure that rural communities have cell access. I think it's very telling that we receive letters from public safety agencies, including the sheriff and the CHP from school districts and from neighborhoods asking us to do this kind of work. I do have a couple of questions from Mr. Carlson and thank you for the presentation. One of them is just, was in regards to the 72 hour, but a second question is, what is the rationale behind requiring an application to both be submitted electronically and via paper? The reason we need to actually have paper for cell facilities is that when an application is submitted electronically, we don't have the opportunity to check it for completeness and the shot clocks are so strict that we need to work with the applicants and take their paper applications in in person so that we can have that gate and make sure we're getting a complete and reasonable application on which to build our response within the timeframe. Is there any way to modernize our electronic system? I mean, we're on screen in a process for anyone or not. You were breaking up there. Did you understand it? I think, okay. You want to repeat that? You were breaking up, Supervisor Friend. Could you repeat your question, please? Sorry about that. Is the audio better now? Yes. All right, thank you. I was just asking whether there's a way to modernize the system so that we can just take electronic moving forward. I mean, we're trying to streamline this process and it just seems like the paper requirement, I understand the shot clock, but the paper requirement seems to be a relic of the 20 years ago ordinance and the degree that we can move into a modern system that allows for electronic only would help expedite this process. So is that something just internally that we can create so that the ordinance could be updated in a way that it could just be electronic moving forward? We can look at that. Really, our interest is in the streamlining we hope we'll get by having a human look at the application before our clock starts, but your point is well taken and we will consider that going forward. I appreciate it. I mean, look, it's not a barrier for clearly my support of this item. I just wanna make sure that it took us 20, I mean, it took 20 years to modify the ordinance. I don't know how long it's gonna be before we actually get another crack at this. And so I wanted to make sure that the ordinance that comes to us from the Planning Commission is as forward thinking as possible. Another question is in regards to the definition of public facilities, we seem to focus a lot on public right of way, but we don't, at least I didn't notice anywhere that define an actual public facility like a county owned building, for example, are they included in what would be deemed ministerial or just having objective design standards or are they not included currently in the ordinance proposed revisions? Yeah, a county facility or a facility used only for public business is a ministerial project. So if these ones that you see on fire stations, for example, those would be ministerial. That's correct. So it's just not county owned, but you said school districts and so forth as well. Is that right that you mentioned? Yeah, we are proposing that any wireless facility on an existing facility in a public facility zone district be a ministerial project, fire stations, schools, county buildings. Okay, I apologize that it just wasn't to me completely clear and I just wanted to make sure that that point was clear, but that sounds good to me. And I guess the last point just dealt with, and I think Mr. Carlson, you kind of cleared this up. In reading it, there's some language in there it talks about the most aesthetically pleasing and these sort of subjective words, but it sounded like when you went to the planning commission, there'd be more objective standards that would actually define what these things mean. Is that correct? That is correct, especially in the case of the ministerial permits. Okay, look, I mean, I have to really commend you and also from kind of council, Mr. Zosweta for his work on this and Mr. Bowling's work because this as Supervisor McPherson noted, this is long overdue. I mean, right now nearly everybody that calls for emergency services is using a cell phone. And yet right now there are many places not just in my district but throughout the county you can't receive any sort of coverage at all. And this has become particularly acute not just during the CZU fires, but high levels of biker pedestrian related incidents on rural roads, Hazeldale, even areas of Freedom Boulevard, for example, there's a lot of areas along the coast that also have no coverage at all. And this is the way of ensuring emergency access. So I think that the sooner that we can get this done better for ensuring this a level of emergency access. I appreciate the leadership that all of you are showing to bring this to the Planning Commission and I'm supportive of it today. It's also very helpful to hear the board is supportive of objective criteria because that will help us in our discussions at the Planning Commission and with the public. So thank you for that. Supervisor Coonerty, you're okay? Thank you. There's a, go ahead and raise your Coonerty. Oh, thank you. I don't have any questions, but for all the reasons that have been outlined. I think it's important that we update this. We're cutting out. Scream on the process as much as possible, also creating expectations for the community about what is the role of the county. Oh, sorry. We kind of heard you so well. I think the supervisor, Coonerty needs an improved cell reception wherever he is. I'm confident that this ordinance will improve his communications abilities moving forward. There you go. We need more of that. Yeah, right. I agree. I agree. Yeah. Thank you for your comments, Supervisor Coonerty. I think I asked if there's anybody from the public. We don't see any on the phone. Yes, I have one speaker on the phone. Jennifer Holm, your microphone is available. Thank you. So good afternoon, Chairperson McPherson and members of the board. My name is Jennifer Holm and I serve as board president for the Pahoa Valley Unified School District Board of Trustees. And I wanted to thank you for your time and considering amendments to the county code around wireless communication facilities. As you know, those of us in the Pahoa Valley School District community were rocked by the tragedy at Aptos High School at the start of the school year. Many parents reached out at our board meetings to express how terrifying it was not to be able to reach their children for some time while the campus was on lockdown. And while this is a particularly plain example, it highlights the difficulties many households and schools face in our area. I am a parent myself. My older two children went to Aptos High School. My youngest will be a freshman there next year. And so, you know, I'm an Aptos resident. So I'm very familiar with the communication challenges at some of our sites and in our area. And, you know, if we as a community make it easier for some of our more remote locations to have access to 21st century communication options, such efforts will benefit everyone, not just those affiliated with our schools. And at PVSD, we have been very appreciative of the partnership with the county where our jurisdictions overlap and hope that this will be one area where that collaboration will continue. So thank you very much for your time and attention. It's much appreciated. Thank you. Mr. Chair, if I may, Board President Holm waited the entire meeting to actually be able to provide that input. I just want to show the appreciation but also underscore the importance that PVSD has felt. And I know they sent in a letter about us updating these ordinances. So thank you to the trustee Holm. And I believe that Madam Clerk has said we had one speaker but I do believe that the County Sheriff Hart was also looking to speak and I think is also on. Yeah, I have two additional speakers that have joined. Yes, sure. Yes. Sheriff Hart, your microphone is available. Great. Thank you. Good afternoon, Board Jim Hart, Sheriff Corner. And just real briefly, I just want to encourage your Board to support repealing and replacing this current antiquated ordinance that this item addresses and bring the ordinance up to current standards that comply with state and federal laws. Streamlining this process is going to allow infrastructure to be put in place in a timely manner, which is going to improve public safety response and also improve community members' ability to call in emergencies as they occur, which is severely lacking in our rural areas. So thank you for your consideration. Good. Thank you. David Wodkowski, your microphone is available. Thank you for the opportunity to speak. Chairman Fiersen and the Supervisors, my name is David Wodkowski. I'm a resident and business owner in the Aptos area. We work with a variety of local governments across the United States in doing study sessions and helping them to guide through their process as they adapt to 21st century technology. And I want to commend you on this effort. I feel that the way that you're handling this is very professional. You are looking forward. I appreciate the staff's recommendations on this. I strongly encourage that the language and the final ordinances be very objective. And I appreciate that planning sees it that way as well. And in cases where things are subjective, that is usually where we find conflicts occur. And as a parent of children at Aptos High School, I echo the concerns about public safety. We often have challenges just day to day reaching our children as they're making their way through campus. But certainly during the tragedy, we had trouble reaching our children. And that was definitely something that was stressful for us. And I'm sure for a lot of other parents. So I just wanted to commend you on your work. Thank you for taking this forward. There are no other speakers. Okay. Return it to the board to any action to approve the recommend to move it on. I'll move the recommended actions. I'll second. Please call the roll. Supervisor Koenig. Aye. Friend. Aye. Coonerty. So there's no word. Aye. Caput. Aye. Make sure some. Aye. Thank you. Motion passes unanimously. Okay. All right. That concludes our agenda. And that concludes our regular meeting agenda for. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye. Aye.