rver's world data is going to be safe? And we figured out that our containers need to be stateful in order to save our Minecraft server world data. And the way that we can do this is similar to how we save our files when we're working on a public computer. So if we're working on a public computer, we'd want to not just save our files only on that public computer because as soon as you leave that computer, you're probably not going to see your data ever again, right? So you'd want to save your data somewhere else like a USB drive or the cloud or something. So you can still have access to it. Now think of that public computer as your Docker container where if you store your data only in the Docker container and if something bad happens like your Docker container does get killed, then you won't be able to access your data ever again. So think of the USB drive as some space that's outside of your Docker container. And we want the space to be ideally a place where we can read and write this data from inside of our Docker container but also be able to access it from outside of our container. So the way that we can do this is with a volume out, with our Docker containers. So here's an example of a typical volume out. So let's say that we want the space to be on our local machine. So like the Minecraft folder on our local machine in the home directory. So what we can do in this volume out in our Docker container is we can map this Minecraft folder to a volume inside of our Docker container. Let's call this volume data. So we get our Docker container up and running. We get our server up and our world is generated. We started putting in some data into this volume and that data will also be stored in the Minecraft folder on our local machine. So as soon as this Docker container gets killed for some reason, then our data will still be safe in the Minecraft folder on our local machine. Everything's okay. And all we have to do is spin up a new Docker container with that same volume out, that same mapping and our Minecraft world will be the same as we left it. Our state is retained and we can continue to store even more world data in our Docker container and keep it on our local machine. And that does what we want, right? But before we get too excited, let's take a second look at where exactly we're storing our world data. We said that we're gonna store it on our local machine. And for those of you who worked with the computer, you know that that's not the best choice, right? Like something's bad is gonna happen.  So where else could we host our Minecraft server? That's going to be more reliable than our local machine in terms of uptime and storage. And well, the answer is the cloud because that's the answer to everything these days, right? So ideally we'd want to set up our Minecraft server in the cloud, so let's set up a virtual machine in the cloud, get a Docker container running in it, and we want our Minecraft server world data to be stored in some block storage in the cloud. So that sounds good, right? And it turns out we can do this if we introduce our final element in our Minecraft server setup, which is the open source storage driver, Rexray. And what Rexray allows us to do is to get our block storage volumes to be mounted directly to our Docker containers, so we can store our Minecraft server world data directly into block storage in the cloud. So we'll be showing a demo on how this is set up. We have a specific example with using AWS and EC2 and EBS Docker containers and Rexray. So if you've seen AWS before, this is gonna be pretty boring. We're gonna be accepting defaults pretty much all the way through this, but it's gonna go super fast. So those of you who haven't seen AWS before, you probably wanna set up an account and learn it yourself. It only takes like 10 minutes to figure everything out that you need to know. We're gonna be setting up a virtual machine, and the way that we're gonna do it is by hitting this blue launch instance button and choosing a Ubuntu image just to make sure that all our commands are consistent. Just so you guys know, all these steps from now on are going to be covered in a GitHub page that we're gonna show you at the very end of the presentation. So don't worry about following along with the minutia. We've got you covered. It's all in the GitHub page. So from here on, we're just choosing the size of our image and everything's good. We can accept defaults pretty much all the way through this. The one thing that we really care about here, oh, here's subnets. So brief thing about subnets and Rexray. Rexray allows you to share volumes between your containers, and basically it's what's led you, sorry. It lets you upgrade your Minecraft server afterwards simply by sharing the slash data directory that we create for our Minecraft server. So in order to do this, we have to make sure that that subnet is exactly the same for all container instances that we spin up or for all virtual machine instances we spin up. But aside from that, we're all good. We can accept defaults and the one thing that we care about, we'll get to in a little bit and that's the security group. We have to make sure that the Minecraft port is open. Port 25565. And it's very simple to do this with the UI. You just hit some buttons, hit 25565 and then make it accessible from anywhere and then you're good to go. You can configure SSH keys and launch the instance. So from now on, we're gonna be in the command line showing you how to install Rexray and Docker and how to pull down our Docker image, which is a compiled Docker file that we created for this Minecraft server.  Okay, so SSH into our virtual machine that we just set up at any time now. And then as soon as we get that up, we'll do our basic pseudo-appget updates and upgrades that you Linux enthusiasts all know and love and we'll also install Rexray with this curl command. And after we install Rexray, all we had to do is set up this configuration file in this config.aml file. That's from the GitHub repository. So we'll just dump all of that into this config.aml file and you'll see that you will have to put in your own access keys and secret keys. We obviously have not put them in because we don't want 50 virtual machines to magically appear under our account. Okay, so after that, we'll go ahead and install Docker. Docker has this nifty script at get.docker.com. All you have to do is run this curl command and pipe it to the shell. You also sped this up with some video magic so you don't have to wait through all of that. And what we're doing here is we're adding our user to the Docker group. So we don't have to use sudo in front of all of our Docker commands. And we'll have to exit SSH back in for that change to take effect. We'll do a Rexray version to make sure Rexray's installed correctly. Docker PS to show Docker's running correctly. And we can start up Rexray. After that, we'll do a Rexray volume list to get Rexray to talk with our AWS account. So it should list, or no, we didn't. Okay, so we'll do a Rexray volume create to create a volume for us to store our micro server world data. And what we'll do is we'll map our world data. There's the Rexray volume list. Okay, so this shows that we created our EBS volume through Rexray. And it also shows up in the EC2 dashboard. So we know that Rexray is indeed talking with our AWS account. There we go. There's our volume, it's available. And then we'll go ahead and pull this Docker image from Docker Hub. We'll show you the Docker file in a little bit. But this Docker image will have what it takes to set up the Minecraft server. And so this Docker file allows us to automatically set up our Minecraft server. So whatever commands are in here, we'll get shown through, yeah, that is the downside to having videos. But at least our Wi-Fi or we don't have to depend on the conference Wi-Fi. Anyhow, going back to the Docker file, these commands that you'll see in the Docker file are what are going to be run whenever you have a Docker container that's based on this Docker image that we pulled from Docker Hub. So first we're going to start from Ubuntu 16.04 and we set a variable for our Minecraft version. We'll also get the basic essentials. Oh, thank you. We'll also get the basic essentials, like updating and also getting Java 7. Then we'll be getting our jar file for our Minecraft server. That is what will set up our Minecraft server. We'll also expose the port 25565. And this won't set up the whole port configuration. We'll also have to expose our port later on in our Docker run command, which we'll see later. And we'll have to accept the terms and conditions to start up our Minecraft server because that is what we have to do. And also we'll run our Minecraft server jar file to get our Minecraft server up and running. So Akira will go through the Docker run command. So we pulled down this Docker image from Docker Hub, which is that compiled Docker file that you saw earlier. Now the last step is to, oops, sorry. So the last step is to perform a Docker run. And this is going to encapsulate everything that we've set up so far. We're going to do a port map. Sorry, that's hard to see from podium. Anyway, we're going to do a port map from port 25565 inside of the container to 25565 outside in the virtual machine, part of that security group that you saw set up earlier. In addition, we're going to set up a volume mount to MC server volume and call out our volume driver as Rex Ray. And you'll notice that this is being mapped to the data directory inside of our Minecraft container. At the very last step, we call out the name of the Minecraft, or sorry, the Docker image that we just pulled down and we give it a run. Once it spits out a container ID, we're good to go. And we can sign into our Minecraft server container. Excellent. So you'll remember that the IP address that we used to SSH into this container, sorry, this virtual machine, and we'll just take that and go directly to Minecraft, add a colon 25565, and we can sign in right into this Minecraft container. And just to show you guys that we're not liars, we're going to make some changes in this server, maybe some modern art. I'm thinking like a backwards L for Linux or something, just to be fancy. So this world has been generated right now, and if we didn't have that volume mount, it wouldn't stick around when we shut it down and brought it up again. So you'll see it's a pretty nice day. It's a great day today too, anyway, outside. We're gonna build a nice backwards L to show you guys that the server is in fact persistent. And this is me messing with the controls. For some reason, proud bound like Q to placing blocks. If you played Minecraft before, that's really strange. Most people don't do that. She didn't have a mouse at the time. So yeah, we're gonna kill this container to bring it down. And we're gonna bother it with the Minecraft client one more time to show you that it's actually down. And once it spits out a container ID, we know that the container's down. We go bother it. That virtual machine is still up, but there's no container there. So it says like, what the heck are you doing? So we have to spin up the container one more time using that same Docker run command. And then once it spits out a container ID, we're free to log in and suspense. Boom. Backwards L right there. Persistent Docker container. Excellent. So what have we done here? We've created a Docker container that encapsulates all the dependencies, all the ports that we need to set up. It sets up Minecraft for us and does it all automatically. It's great. Plus, it's stateful and we don't have to worry about AWS going down or any disasters in the future. We've created something awesome. So proud is gonna bring us home and wrap it up for us and sort of talk about the basics of this presentation one more time. All right, so we saw in the demo that setting up a Minecraft server or at least a persistent one isn't too bad after all, right? If you use Docker containers and AWS and Rexray. So just as a recap, we'll go over the questions that we had earlier in this presentation. So like figuring out the dependencies and what we do if we need to add more updates as well as how do we configure the ports? That's handled by putting our Minecraft server in a Docker container. So for that, we take advantage of the Docker file. If we need to add a dependency, then all we need to do is take another line in that Docker file, build a new Docker image and just bring up a new Docker container using that Docker image. And we don't have to type a single thing after that well, after the Docker run command, you don't have to manually set up the change as well as if we want to configure the IP addresses, making sure our server stays online and our data is safe, that's handled by putting our Minecraft server on the cloud. So when we put our virtual machine on the cloud, it already comes configured with an IP address, which is good, we don't have to deal with that as for making sure that our server's going to be reliable in terms of uptime and storage, that's basically what the cloud's business is, ideally in general, it's going to be more stable than your local machine. To get our Docker containers to work with the cloud, we use the open source storage driver Rexray. So now what can you do? You can set up a virtual machine in AWS and install Docker Rexray on it, get a Minecraft server up and running and be able to play multiplayer Minecraft. And as a bonus, if you ever want to upgrade your Minecraft server, like throw some more RAM in there, then you can create a new instance, like with a different instance type or something, then you can reuse the same volume that you had for your earlier AWS instance and use the same volume out command, the same Docker run command. And that would be how you would change out your Minecraft server instance. And here's a few bullet points on Docker Rexray and AWS. If you want to recap, these will also hopefully be in the slides that will be available to you. Also, here's our contact information and here's all the steps that we took in the demonstration, which is in a walkthrough in our GitHub repository. So if you want to follow along at home and get a Minecraft server up and running, you can do that. We also have a Minecraft server that we set up for one day that you can connect to. It's in creative mode. You can get crazy, but not too crazy on it, if you would like. Well, thank you all for your time and we can answer any questions you have. Questions? So your Docker image has the Minecraft and Java in it. Why isn't Rexray part of your Docker file? So Rexray is a volume driver for Docker and it's part of the setup process. It's actually a separate thing from our Docker file. So to be honest, you can accomplish this entire project without Rexray. Rexray just allows you to throw your storage onto the cloud in EBS. It separates your storage. Instead of it being a local volume out, you can put it on EBS and it's separate and you can consolidate it with data from other servers theoretically and it's what allows you to upgrade your server later into a bigger image or yeah, bigger instance. Yeah, I guess to clarify, we didn't actually use Rexray inside of the Docker container but we set up Rexray on our virtual machine in AWS. So there's that. Did you guys experiment at all with adding mods to your Minecraft server? Yeah, there are definitely mods that you can put in on this. All you have to do is, usually the mod hopefully will package it in a jar file and they'll host it somewhere for you. So all you have to do is pull down a jar file in your Docker file. Right now we're using a default jar file from Minecraft themselves but as long as you can find a jar file hosted from somewhere, you can pull it down and run it yourself and it'll work completely fine. Also, if you want to tinker with the files, you can also view them no problem by just doing a plain old volume mount and you can look around and see what actually got written into that data directory if you ever want to. But yeah, to answer your question, you can definitely mod these container servers. Thank you. Quick question. So when you create the shared data directory and you upgrade Minecraft versions, does that work? I mean, is the data directory guaranteed to be compatible between versions? Yeah, generally that's just, that's handled on Minecraft side, right? Generally when you upgrade your version of Minecraft, usually the world will look the same. You might have like new abilities or new things you can make but it should be, the world data is made out of the same blocks. It should be compatible. Thank you guys so much for coming out today. If you don't have any more questions, we'll stay up here. Please play on our Minecraft server if you like. We know it's gonna be chaotic if everyone goes in there but it's only gonna be up for one day so make some friends, have some fun. Thank you so much. And thank you everyone for joining us for the container day. Don't forget that we have some keynote sessions tonight from six until eight which are in the main ballroom like around the corner. We get in there ourselves. Well it's kind of strange to think of it that way because Rek's way is just mounting, it's like Docker itself is providing that functionality of the volume mount and it's not really built into the, the container is meant to encapsulate like the application itself and not like, Rek's way is more like a cable or a wire that goes from one place to another rather than something you would configure and install. Sorry, if that's difficult to understand, the guys that write Rek's way, they're right over there. Their EMC code is gonna be around for all of scale and we can talk to them directly. I think I just need to go home. Yeah, no problem. Thank you so much. Thank you. Well thank you. The slides were really nice. She put a lot of work into making the transitions and, oh yeah. Yeah but this is so excellent because you can learn some Docker while you're doing this and that's like, it's super cool. You have something to show for all your work. Sorry, JVM's. It's running on Docker. So Docker is the one that's hosting your Docker container. Sorry. Okay. So yeah, you can deploy this Docker container. No, your virtual machine is running Docker which handles the container for you. Yeah, we're sorry if this is confusing but, oh yeah, but it doesn't work very well on Windows. So I guess it's better to remove Java from this whole thing and it's confusing a little bit. But the container just has all the dependencies that you need for your solution. Java is running inside of our container. And that's, yeah, yeah, sorry. It turtles all the way down like Docker on top of Docker on top of Docker. I guess you could do that. Oh, sorry. You can run Docker on Linux. Sorry, is it configurable you want to know? You can actually change that but if you go look in your Clash Data Directory, you can see it'll say like server.properties and it's like X file. And then in there it lists up for 255.65. So I think you can actually change that yourself if you want to do. Like if you just go look at that X file and mess with it, I'm sure there is an R. I think, yeah, I would just Google search it and hope that that can go with something. Yeah, it's Minecraft, or the Minecraft server jar is running inside of that Docker container. It's not a Minecraft client. The client is different from the server. Yeah. So, yes, exactly. Yeah, it works just like that. Because that server is vulnerable but the idea that we created Statement because we have this container data and we have the virtual machine data. And when this container dies, when we bring it up again, it'll still have the data from inside the virtual machine. Yeah, it's still in the same server. What on a single host anymore? Yeah, and that allows you to create multiple Minecraft servers and they can all throw data into the S and you can back it up in one convenient location and we can even switch out individual servers for as long as we keep referencing this data back in EDX, that's what we were getting at. Hopefully that answered your question. Yeah, thank you. Yeah, thank you so much. This is the third time we've done it once for EMC, once for Linux LA. Yeah, I was just like, you look so hilarious. Thanks for coming out again. Yeah, thank you. Oh, more Minecrafts. Minecraft changed versions. We updated the GitHub for info but basically the instructions are the same. But thanks for coming out again. We appreciate it, it's pretty profitable because it's pretty easy to get started, right? Worth exploring, right? It's fun.


Check this out! You don't need a drone to get cool aerial footage, but you do need epic music to go with it. Get fresh inspiration with our FEV collection. Hit the link in the bio to check it out.


When I did my graduate studies at the Middle East Institute at Columbia University's School of International Affairs, I took many courses on the question of the Middle East conflict. Semester after semester we studied the Middle East conflict as if it was the most complex conflict in the world when in fact it is probably the easiest conflict in the world to explain. It may be the hardest to solve, but it is the easiest to explain. In a nutshell, it's this, one side wants the other side dead. Israel wants to exist as a Jewish state and to live in peace. Israel also recognizes the right of Palestinians to have their own state and to live in peace. The problem, however, is that most Palestinians and many other Muslims and Arabs do not recognize the right of the Jewish state of Israel to exist. This has been true since 1947 when the United Nations voted to divide the land called Palestine into a Jewish state and an Arab state. The Jews accepted the United Nations partition, but no Arab or any other Muslim country accepted it. When British rule ended on May 15, 1948, the armies of all the neighboring Arab states Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Transjordan and Egypt attacked the one day old state of Israel in order to destroy it. But to the world's surprise, the little Jewish state survived. Then it happened again.  He placed Egyptian troops on Israel's border and armies of surrounding Arab countries were also mobilized to attack. However, Israel preemptively attacked Egypt and Syria. Israel did not attack Jordan and beg Jordan's king not to join the war. But he did. And only because of that did Israel take control of Jordanian land, specifically the West Bank of the Jordan River. Shortly after the war, the Arab states went to Khartoum, Sudan and announced their famous three noes. No recognition, no peace and no negotiations. What was Israel supposed to do? Well, one thing Israel did a little more than a decade later in 1978 was to give the entire Sinai Peninsula an area of land bigger than Israel itself and with oil back to Egypt because Egypt, under new leadership, signed a peace agreement with Israel. So Israel gave land for the promise of peace with Egypt and it has always been willing to do the same thing with the Palestinians. All the Palestinians have ever had to do is recognize Israel as a Jewish state and promise to live in peace with it. But when Israel has proposed trading land for peace, as it did in 2000, when it agreed to give the Palestinians a sovereign state in more than 95% of the West Bank and all of Gaza, the Palestinian leadership rejected the offer and instead responded by sending waves of suicide terrorists into Israel. Meanwhile, Palestinian radio, television and school curricula remain filled with glorification of terrorists, demonization of Jews and the daily repeated message that Israel should cease to exist. So it's not hard to explain the Middle East dispute. One side wants the other dead. The motto of Hamas, the Palestinian rulers of Gaza is, we love death as much as the Jews love life. There are 22 Arab states in the world stretching from the Atlantic Ocean to the Indian Ocean. There is one Jewish state in the world. And it is about the size of New Jersey. In fact, tiny El Salvador is larger than Israel. Finally, think about these two questions. If tomorrow Israel laid down its arms and announced, we will fight no more. What would happen? And if the Arab countries around Israel laid down their arms and announced, we will fight no more. What would happen? In the first case, there would be an immediate destruction of the state of Israel and mass murder of its Jewish population. In the second case, there would be peace the next day. As I said at the outset, it is a simple problem to describe. One side wants the other dead. And if it didn't, there would be peace. Please remember this. There has never been a state in the geographic area known as Palestine that was not Jewish. Israel is the third Jewish state to exist in that area. There was never an Arab state, never a Palestinian state, never a Muslim or any other state. That's the issue. Why can't the one Jewish state the size of El Salvador be allowed to exist? That is the Middle East problem. I'm Dennis Prager.


Hello everybody and welcome to the Bitcoin show today's Friday, July 1st. It's a whole new month. Can you believe that? 2 p.m. Eastern Time we're here as you know every weekday Monday through Friday at 2 p.m. Eastern Time Just go to dateandtime.com and find out what time that is where you live because we are a global We're not a local show. No, no, no, we're not a national show. We're a global television network for a new generation Isn't that right it? So as the chat room often reminds us you are everywhere and we are everywhere, right? But we are only one only one TV. So anyway, this is episode 19 of the Bitcoin show and So like I said every weekday 2 p.m. Eastern Time, that's New York time We are here for you with all kinds of breaking news and exciting stuff, but occasionally and a lot lately I think three or four times this week. We've actually done two shows a day. We did one last night Like at 8 p.m. Sometimes we'll have a guest that happens to live in Tokyo, Japan or Australia or something And we want to accommodate their schedule a little bit. So we're not actually taping a show With them at 4 a.m. Or something their time. So we'll do one in the evening like 8 or 9 or 10 p.m. Our time so sometimes we do this little bonus shows and we end up actually with more than five shows a week often And so that's gonna be the case tomorrow So if you're watching this live or if you get this in time be sure and check us out tomorrow on Saturday the second We're gonna have a very important show same time 2 p.m. On Saturday There's we're just throwing in extra shows all the time because there's so much happening every day.  What is that?  All of Central South America Spain, Mexico and the USA more and more We have a show especially for you and it's in Espanol. I'll show the Bitcoin Which is on Wednesdays 4 p.m. Weekly that one's just weekly so far. So Today I want to first I want you to thank our sponsors for for us being here If it weren't for our sponsors, obviously, we wouldn't be here to report the news and to interview cool people and talk about such amazing things I got so many things in the works. It's unbelievable We're hiring a new vice president of operations is gonna start in two weeks and I'll surprise you with who it is It's someone actually that you may know and he's gonna be starting here in two weeks And he's just whoa. He is full of skills and brilliance. So he's gonna really help us launch 31 shows all together so really really exciting news there and some of the show topics and guests that we have coming are Phenomenal really cool twist. We're gonna have special segments specifically about the world of mining specifically about You know Bitcoin for beginners Security all sorts of specialized topics and interesting twists on things. So anyway, stay tuned for that today We have a special guest with us who is launching a Oh, I didn't think our sponsors. I was that's where I went to go thanking our sponsors Whoa, I got completely off topic our sponsors are the reason we're here I'm so anxious to jump into what we're here to talk about But the sponsors are the ones who make all this possible They are today's episode is brought to you by us gold coins us gold coins calm That's Andy gals He is our the most brilliant person in the world is in my book when it comes to money in general money monetary systems Monetary history etc etc and he has a business called us gold coins calm and he will help you invest and diversify your investments Into rare at they call it numismatic rare us gold and silver coins Which hold value two ways both because of the metal the rare gold and silver and also because they're rare so it's a great way to diversify your investments don't put everything into one coin basket and Also The world's first restaurant that accepts bitcoin right there at the cash register great big decal right above mastercard visa and all the rest They've got we accept bitcoin Actually, it's bigger than all the rest and that's why reporters are going in and out of there all the time going Wow, this is so cool NPR was there the other day and someone was ahead of them in line also paying with bitcoin How cool is that if you're in new york or if you're passing through new york It's just a few blocks south of columbus circle stop in at mesi grill me zee grill.com check out their website They have the most amazing food. That's how we discover them because it's one of our favorite places to go and carpe vm Carpe vm video marketing. They will help you write the script They'll help you do everything you need to do to create a really professional video even if you're camera shy A lot of people don't like to be on camera. They're not uh, you know Uh, they're a I don't know. They're shy and they don't they don't feel like Comfortable in front of a camera. They're they're blogging instead of doing video blogs or something if you're shy or whatever the case may be You're not sure how to pull off a professional video to market your product or service These guys are the pros Carpe vm their studio is right across the street and they're brilliant Great friend of mine charlie debony to so ask for them and thank them for sponsoring the bitcoin show And only one tv all the show is actually on only one tv So carpe vm.com and of course trade hill dot com trade hill dot com Is the new kid on the block that is becoming like hitting the market with a bang They're just exploding with growth They're just like they're handling it well, but trust me. They're busy their their volume is it is just exploding off the charts over there And uh, they're hiring people like crazy, but what it is trade hill dot com is the The convenient way to buy and sell bitcoins online From the comfort of your own home without you know without even going out and meeting someone You could literally buy get money in and out through many different currencies many different methods And you can save 10 off your trade fees for life if you use the referral code for the bitcoin show Which is on your screen there th dash r 1 4 1 So jot that down th as in trade hill dash r like referral 1 4 1 you'll be supporting only one tv and the bitcoin show and uh Thank trade hill for sponsoring us and our newest sponsor Today is mount gox mount gox. You already know if you're in the bitcoin world Who doesn't know mount gox? They have a huge market share and uh mark has been a guest on our show And uh, they are they're you know, I have a great personal relationship with with them They're trusted members of the community. They also have had all kinds of Disasterous problems with this hacking attempt, but you know the fact is that they're back. They're resilient they're in this for the long haul and they've relaunched a new site that has better security and As I said, they're in this for the long haul They could have just run away with everyone's bitcoins, but they didn't do that They're they you know, you fall down with something new a new launch and it's with explosive growth And you pick yourself up and brush yourself off and do it again. So they're back and uh more resilient than ever And uh, most people are still, you know trusting them. They still have a vast majority market share So mount gox is our newest sponsor. We welcome them We welcome everyone because everybody is in this for the benefit of bitcoin the bitcoin community The bitcoin economy we all stick together and we thank mount gox for also supporting the bitcoin show and only one tv so today We have with us Amazing guest thomas Benoit because this tea is silent, right? Oh, we lost him. All right. We're getting him back Anyway, that's all right. I'll keep talking about thomas benoit. He's uh, he's launching a new site I'm going to let him tell you all about it But uh, he didn't want to wait until until monday or tuesday because the site is ready now And it's really really exciting This is going to rock the mining world and not just mining As in the specialized industry that is mining but mining for you you as an individual As you know in the first phase I call it the first phase of bitcoin You can just install the app and start mining and it was really cool because like I remember I ran it for like two days And I got 50 bitcoin. I was like wow that was worth like, you know 20 bucks at that time And I was like, this is pretty cool. Maybe I should go and buy 10 computers. Maybe I should buy 100 computers You know, I was thinking it through and doing the math Of course, all that's changed because the difficulty is increased Meanwhile the value of bitcoin is increased But um, you know the cost of electricity and so on and so on it's become a real specialized industry How so what that has done is that it's knocked the Individual layman kind of out of the field of mining But not anymore because thomas's new startup is called bitdriller.com b i t d r i l l e r bitdriller.com And it's going to bring mining to the ordinary common person In a very unique way. So we do we have thomas back? Yep. Yeah, oh there you are. Okay, cool. Cool. All right. We like a little technical difficulty. Thank you, skype Technical difficulty sponsored by skype. Anyway thomas you're joining us from where where are you again? I'm in kebac canada Quebec I've never been there. I've always wanted to go there. I've heard that's like an amazing french party town, right? Yeah, yeah Okay, so I already gave a great introduction to how your new startup bitdriller.com is going to Give the common ordinary consumer a person individual access to the mining industry So tell us exactly what bitdriller is going to do Okay. Well, yeah bitdriller is a really huge project So far we've seen for anybody who follows a few Either individuals or maybe small groups of people We're offering what's called mining contracts Where somebody pays, you know, us dollars or some other currency and somebody To rent out basically hashing power to mine bitcoins So it's not a new concept. It's been around for a while. However, what we're trying to do is make it Easily accessible to just anybody who wants to try it out And so we're going to be doing that by offering very small contracts as well as very large contracts So that you know, even if you just want a two-week contract for let's say a hundred mega hash, which is really nothing Um, you'd be able to do that or you'd be able to invest, you know as much as you wanted really So for the the layman out there I mean, obviously the people in the mining industry know what that means But for the layman what it what it really means is As as hopefully you know this much that Mining comes from the computational power that that a pc Does to process Hashing which is basically like creating numbers. Okay, and it's super simplified form So when that happens the more hashing ability the the more return on investment with mining Yeah, that's right. Okay, cool. All right. So the hashing power is basically just the amount of computational Power that's being used for that purpose Yeah, I guess it's uh, sort of the speed at which you'd be generating coins roughly Okay, roughly the speed. Okay, cool. So you can actually sell that you can quantify it as What do you call it a giga hash? Yeah, well the you have a mega hash and then there's a thousand mega hashes and a giga hash A thousand mega hashes and a giga hash. Okay, so it's a unit of measurement to measure The amount of processing power that you can get. Okay, which is a return on investment. So you can buy that in Is that sold like in a time increment then as well? Yeah, well the way we're working is Right now We're only offering pre-orders of the service. So the service isn't running up just yet Pre-orders will be a three month contract for one giga hash per second One giga hash per second Okay for a three month period That's right Okay, however, when we've got the rest of the service up and running You'll be able to go from anywhere from a hundred mega hashes to two weeks to easily over 10 giga hashes for a year Okay Now how would an ordinary person who doesn't really understand this at that level? How would they be able to determine? If that's profitable or how profitable it would be and the return on investment Do you do that for them or help them figure that out? Well, there's a lot of Calculators available online. We'll eventually have one directly on our site, but for now There is one. I forget what it's called. I think it's on the A-L-L-O-S-C-O-M-P is the website They've got a bitcoin calculator on There if you type that in google, it'll be the first First one. So you type your hash rate in and mega hashes And then the exchange rate and it'll tell you roughly what your expected returns would be Where is this again this this tool? A-L-L-O-S-C-O-M-P dot com Slash bitcoin slash calculator dot php Wow, okay So we'll put that we'll put that in the show notes so that people can access it. So that's not something you created That's just something. No, no, that's just a it's an easy tool There's quite a few of these things that exist, but this one's kind of the most straightforward um So yeah, that's that's what we'll be be doing In the the short term. Okay, so they can use that tool and they can calculate So, I mean I I've seen on the forums I mean, I I don't know that much about it, but I have Scrolled through and glanced and I've seen that people have been able to create charts And I assume it's like very complex lots of numbers go into it But it includes the value of bitcoin what the value of bitcoin is at the time The cost of electricity the difficulty rate that as you know determined by the biggest loss to you Right, okay, and then you can see this this chart that where the curve goes up and Are when it's most profitable to do mining and the valleys are when it's most profitable to do To actually buy them with cash And then the second opportunity is an investment opportunity as you're calling it, which is where basically the consumer buys the machine You don't have to actually physically buy it you you actually buy it for me And then the machine lives in in your place in your your server farm And you maintain it you operate it and all that but because I own it There is uh, there is the uh, what do you call it the luck of There's not a guaranteed rate or anything like that There's the luck of the natural machine itself running and you can sell You can use my machine to slice it up and sell out contracting services Which I get 80 of the revenue for or I can just use it all for my own mining Or divide it any way thereof or I can have it all used for my own mining And I can sell I can split it up among my friends who want a piece of this So it's two different things.  It's not both and the electricity is included in either way. Is that right? Yeah, either way whether uh, whether you're mining You know as a contract or if you're an investor either way We're paying for everything so you don't have to pay a cent more Than the initial investment Okay, that's cool. So the electricity is included either way. All right. So it's already clear in the chat room about that Basically, you're paying somebody else to do mining for you. So you don't have to bother there's two ways I'll call it method a is where you're just buying a contract Which is like a like I think of it as a time share Like a is like a time share and b is where you actually buy the apartment So a is where you're just taking a slice of it a piece of it and uh, you pay for that and then You get the revenue that comes from that and option b is where you actually buy the physical hardware And uh, you get the reward back, right? No, I'd just like to clarify something I've seen in the chat a lot of is people saying Well right now a contract if you look at the current difficulty ratio and the expected profits Isn't profitable and I'd like to say first of all that is true Um at the current rates is not profitable However, if you look again, like I said a few weeks back The price of bitcoin was going up faster than the network was so over time you'd actually end up making more profit even if you were you know Actually getting less bitcoins. So What I like to say is yes, uh, you know, it's not as profitable right now However, if you do believe that bitcoin is going to pick up and start skyrocketing like I think it is It can eventually be a lot more profitable than buying Coins and the other thing is like I said these are brand newly minted coins, which you know kind of have a bit more value to some people um Who are looking for new coins particularly Okay, so the I mean someone's asking if you Are I mean if bitcoin value is going up and up and up Would it be more profitable just to buy bitcoins or to buy a contract? Um, well you'd end up paying less for the contract than you would for buying those bitcoins, right? Often it depends what period of time it is but if a bitcoins are A while back if you decided to buy a mining contract at this price it would have been A lot cheaper to do this mining contract than to do um Actually just buying them off the market and that's where it becomes kind of Interesting is for a certain amount of time. It's more profitable for you to buy I am I mean contract But that also means that we're kind of losing money because we could have just been mining for ourselves and made more money Right, but then on the flip side of that There's other periods of times in the sort of valleys of you know the charts Like right now where it's more profitable us for us to sell contracts than to mine And I think we're going to keep going through peaks and valleys like that And uh, so yeah, I think It's just going to keep going and you have to Know if you think it's going to go up then it's a good time to invest and we'll lose some money for it And if it's going down we'll then we'll gain a bit for it And so I think it equals out in the end right so I guess it just it's your it's it is speculative And it's it depends on your prediction and What you think it's going to do with difficulty and with the cost the price of bitcoin and whether you're right or not Exactly, and the I think one thing that's really important I think I mentioned it to you yesterday is if you're really serious about investing into bitcoin I really think that you should be investing in more than one place And I think this is a great way to do that where diversify Yeah, diversify because this doesn't entirely depend on the price of bitcoin So it doesn't vary in the same way that the market does necessarily. They're very interconnected But they don't follow each other, you know at times mining will be much more profitable at times. It'll be less profitable so it's you know It's up to you to figure out when to jump in and I think a three month contract is For starting out. It's probably the best way to do that, which is why we put it at three months Because I think in the next three months we'll really see pick up in bitcoin right you limit your risk and Yeah, the other thing that you had mentioned the other day when we talked was that you're also going to be Selling mining rigs outright. So if I want to buy a mining rig and install it at home You can sell it to me. Is that another Option. Yeah, that's right. That service is going to be coming a bit later But yeah, we will be doing that. We will be selling just straight up mining rigs and So that's our third sort of Business. Wow, you've got a lot going on. I don't know how you're gonna it seems like a very complex business and It's also got a Sort of a learning curve. Well, not so much a learning curve for you guys But a teaching curve for the customer. Yeah for sure. We're really working on getting it more accessible I think at first as of now It is more targeted. Not everybody's going to be able to jump in right now But thanks to the people who jump in early We're going to be able to bring this market to a lot of people who otherwise, you know, wouldn't have any idea of what's going on Right, right. Wow It's amazing. So, um, everybody check out Bitdriller.com they're launching today right now as we speak.  Am I right if you use the referral code only one tv It's a long right, but you'll remember it. It's all spelled out o n l y o n e tv Is the referral code for 10 off? So that's we appreciate you doing that And we really appreciate you being on the show today and explaining everything and giving us the exclusive If you're starting a startup, you know, make if it's really really cool Make sure we get the exclusive and that way the audience knows that you'll you'll always get the latest Hot hot news about in the bitcoin world by watching um the bitcoin show here at only one tv And thank you so much thomas. We really appreciate your time Thanks and explaining this so all right. We'll have you back on again soon. Yeah, um, yes, I think you should Sorry, I'm you're cutting out Go ahead All right Yeah, so I think that's what we've got planned in the near future that services. We're going to be offering But I really want people to be looking forward to Miners market, which is going to be opening a bit later. We still have to do a lot of work on that But that's actually going to allow you To sell buy and sell contracts buy and sell mining hardware and parts Buy and sell mining software or any related services And you're going to be able to open your sort of own online store there and sell all of those things I guess kind of along the lines of ebay, but uh, you know, not as frustrating in terms of payment options and Not taking as much of your profits. So it's a mining market. Is that is that what it's called or do we have a name for it? Yeah, well right now we're calling it the miners market the mining. What? Miners market miners market. Is that the domain? Uh, no, that's actually it's part of the bitdriller overall service. There's a tab for it So part of bitdriller is going to be the miners market and that's where you'd be able to buy and sell all sorts of mining gear Is it going to be like consumers sell like ebay like it's an auction site or Um, well, I don't think we're going to be doing auctions We're going to be more like a the only buy it now portion at least when we start up Um, but that just means that anybody if you've got some mining rigs at home And you want to sell some contracts for them, but you can do that if you're looking for contracts, but Uh, maybe we're not offering the exact contract you want or maybe you want a different features that we're not offering Well, maybe somebody on the miners market is So you can just go there Basically they're specialized classifieds for miners and mining equipment Yeah, we're going to allow you to actually open a full online store there for people who have maybe a bit more volume And for people like uh all our early adopters, we're going to be uh anybody who pre-orders We really want to reward any early adopters as much as possible So we are going to be setting them up with online stores and all that for free. Nice. Nice Cool. Okay. So check it out everybody bit driller.com launching right now as we speak This is breaking news on the bitcoin show Bit driller.com. Thank you. Thomas Benoit for joining us and we're out of time and we could talk forever But we'll definitely have you back on again. I want to I want a status update in a few weeks We'll see how it how it goes. We'll be watching so everybody join us again tomorrow. They're actually monday 2 p.m. Eastern See you then All right


Hi everybody it's Sam at Mixed Up Craft, thank you for watching my tutorial today. I'm going to be showing you how to make this really fun spring card or I'm calling it an Advent spring card. This was requested by Connie and it is a version of Sushri Patil. She's made this but hers is all in centimeters so I've changed up slightly because hers was huge so this one is six by six in size. It's in one of my six and a quarter by six and a quarter envelope boxes. I'm not going to show you how to make this just go to that video there and that will do it all for you. So this one here it looks just like the pull up accordion however it is constructed differently. Now in her video I guess the one of the main differences is the size but also this bottom here she also has stuck to this top one here so you literally pull it out almost like more of an accordion I would say but it does have a lot more of a spring to it so I guess that's why she's called it the spring card but I love it and it works great with the Advent papers that I'm using I'll show you all that in the moment because there are 24 sides so I thought brilliant and I just love it. A love inside is wow this is the difference so there's there's all these like kind of I guess a level so you've got these three pieces and where they're joined you've got this like little piece here whereas with the pull-up card these are just all separate so it has a much nicer profile it's a lot neater I would say but I think it's great and then underneath you have lots of room there to write your message and yeah very straightforward to make it's not hard at all and it's easy to change the size again so yeah I love that it all fits in the box you'll probably decorate that a little bit further with a nice merry Christmas or something on top but let me show you how to make it okay so for this one I've used the paper addicts festive folly and it's a whole 12 by 12 sheet of all of your Advent numbers and what I do is because I've used both of them and I've cut into this one already in preparation for this video I'll just add in a little bit now just showing you the whole sheet so yeah beautiful really traditional colors which is one of my favorites so I'll link everything as always below then for the sentiments inside I just got my selection of the crafters companion sentiment Christmas sentiments and it was one from Merry Christmas and this one here I think it was again these will all be linked they're so handy and I did say they're going to be used all the time so I've already gone ahead and I have cut them all down because they do come up much bigger so you know you may not want to use those for this you might cut your own numbers but I did have to cut a chunk off so for example there is the 25 as it comes so the actual size of the squares are about two and three eight squared but this in order for it to be a six by six my squares were two by two so I had to cut these all down to one and three quarters squared and then I've got the mirrored cardstock which is one and seven eighths squared okay so depending on what you're doing you may not want to have your border in my case the gold and then you might just want to cut all of your pieces to one and seven eighths of an inch squared so you'll just have a little bit of a red frame but I wanted these actual pieces framed so you can see there how I cut it down so if you have got the same paper packs I know a lot of you will then that's what I had to do so I've cut the images down to one and three quarters squared and the gold to one and seven eighths squared and you will need 24 of the gold and then obviously you've got those because they're already on that that sheet but if not you'll need 24 pieces I mean you know it doesn't have to be Christmas the pull-up cards I will also link up here because you know they look great with butterflies all on them and you know lovely stamped images and coloured in images and things like that so you can do whatever you want then I've got five more pieces of exactly the same size but I've just done this in pattern paper and that's for one for the very top and then four inside okay and one for underneath to hide the ribbon all right so five pieces again with the mirrored if you want to do that one seven eighths squared and then the pattern one and three quarters squared now I've already gone ahead and done two of these pieces you have three of these now you may want four or five you may want it to be a really long dangle kind of card it's entirely up to you but I am sticking with three because that gives me the 24 sides for the advent okay so I'm going to show you how to put one of them together but in total you are going to need 12 pieces of six and a half by two and along the six and a half inch side you want to score it two four and six and then you'll have that tab you just want to fold and burnish all of the score lines and then with the tab I just mitered the edges just take a little wedge off okay so you need four per element all right so I've already got my four all cut and scored I'm just going to score and fold and burnish at those and I've already gone and taken off all of the sides off there off my tap all right so they're ready to go then for the base again I've gone and stuck this all down because it's just mats and layers but for the largest piece it's six by six okay and that will sit perfectly in the envelope boxes because they're six and a quarter squared so the red piece is the base which is six by six and then you want to drop down however you want with your mats and layers so my gold mat here is a five and three quarters squared and then my pattern is a five and a half squared and that's what you're going to look at so these will sit you can see there how it's going to sit over the top it's like a nice big present there with the bow then on the back I've done the same no slightly changed it actually so I wanted more of a gold frame so obviously that's the red piece and then you stick your gold which is again five and three quarters squared and then this one I must have gone straight down to five and a half and then this is five by five no yeah five by five okay but it's entirely up to you just do whatever mats and layers you want but I like the ones with on the front there with those three okay and then you also want some ribbon as well and then we're going to assemble one of these pieces okay so I'm putting it together differently because one mine's slightly smaller and I think this is going to be easier for everybody so what you want to do is get two pieces okay so they all look the same you just want two of them and on one of them you're just going to add a little bit of glue onto your tab okay and then with the flat end of the other one all right so there's the tab end there you're going to just stick them together okay then get the other two and do exactly the same again okay and then where you've stuck your join over the back that's your middle even though you'll have two on one side and three on the other that's the one where you've joined them that's the one you want to stick over the same one of this one but you're going to stick them like that so you should have three pieces three pieces two and the tab and two and the tab but it's that bit there that you want to stick over so just make sure you've got both joined pieces overlapping each other doesn't matter you know one on the top one you know it really doesn't make any difference but I'm just going to add some glue onto that one okay again make sure you get the one where you've stuck them together just make sure you keep everything nice and straight that's the key part with this is just keeping everything lined up now for me this is going to be my top one so this is the one that I want to add my hole punch in the center now you won't do this on all of them so on these two here they're just plain so if this is not the top one you don't need to add the hole punch and I'm also going to add one of these pieces here so I'm going to have this green one right in the middle because that's going to be the very center so I'm going to stick that down and then I'm going to hole punch through it all okay so I've got my screw punch here you can use a normal handheld one but you want to make sure you can get it into the center okay so for this one I'm just going to pop that right in the middle of my pattern here which is why I used it because it's quite easy for me to line up and just punch my hole right the way through like I said this is only if you're going to have the one with the ribbons this is the top so I've got this lovely green here and we're going to pop all this in before we stick it together so I'm just going to pop both of these pieces through here it's quite a thick ribbon but it is lovely okay it's entirely up to you how long you want it I think that's about right so I'm just going to trim off that a little bit and then I'm going to grab some of my red tape and just pop a little strip it doesn't really well yeah it doesn't just either side of the ribbon doesn't matter too much it's just to stick the ribbon too so that it lies flat and then we're going to cover it with one of those decorative squares so then I'm just going to open up the ribbon and just flatten it down like that looks like a really nice little bow actually look at that but now you've got the ribbon handle and then you've got that nice and flat and then if you grab one of your other pieces of these and you can just pop that over the top and it will just conceal everything so I'm just going to pop some red tape and then I'll pop a little bit of my liquid glue over the fabric just so it does stick well I've just popped a little bit of wet glue on there as well and then I'm just going to stick this over everything next we just want to join these all up so get one of your tabs it doesn't matter again which one and then you're going to stick those together okay and then the other one with the tab you just want to put a little bit of glue just there just stick that onto it so just line up the score line with the edge of that square and just cover that whole area in glue and stick the last one over the top so it's all concealed and then what you wanted to do also is pop that inside before you seal these up but you can still do it like this it's a little bit fiddly but if you just pop a little bit of glue it was just really to cover that join there I mean that's just me being picky but you don't have to do that so that's now going to dry I'm just going to pop like so you don't need a lot of glue just enough to hold it in place and then just pop that in you can grab it from you know both ends but I would do it before you stick down that last bit but that's fine you can see now it's easy to do all right so it's like a little you know tree decoration you can have these on their own they look really sweet you can have a little tea light or something in them as well I think they look quite cute in fact I might do that there's a little separate yeah little video do some different sizes I think that'll look really really sweet so you all don't want to do that two more times so you've got three all together and then you're just going to stick them on top of each other so that one and then that one there all right now you might want to decorate your strips as well before you put them together I like to have it all together and then I can kind of see where my placement is and how everything looks coming together so it's up to you but what I would do first of all is grab your base okay and you're going to stick that on there but you're only going to stick that center square so a bit of glue there and just line it up with the red mat because that's perfect that's six by six in size so as long as it all lines up you know you're bang in the middle and everything else will fold and sit nicely that's that one then I'm going to put glue on this one here so you're always just working the center of each one okay then stick the next one over you can offset it you could have it on an angle if you want but I'm going to keep it all lined up and then finally glue on that one and at this point if you go over and just burnish all of those corners it will give it more of a spring okay so now you have your spring all right and now it's ready to decorate so I have all of my pieces okay so what I like to do is kind of do the the top one first and have like one of each color for me so I've got the cream then I might have the green one there then let's have I want to really mix up the numbers as well let's have that red one there and then let's have 24 another present one so that would be like what they see when they pull it out of the box and then this one here this strip will be where I'll have them a happy Christmas as well and I'll probably have these two I just like to try and keep a mix of the colors so you don't end up having like all cream on one strip or something so that's just because I'm using these obviously you decorate them however you want but I'm now going to quickly stick all this down okay so there is God I love it I think it looks brilliant and I do I think this has a much stronger and nicer profile than the accordion style I still do love that one I think it's a you know a wicked design but this one does seem just to be a lot stronger and a lot more neat I guess it does look you can see just the profile there how well everything kind of stays lined up and things like that so yeah I think it's great and you've got lots of room there too obviously write your message it will look brilliant they do they look lovely as um birthday cards special wedding cards you know things like that people just don't expect to have something like this when they pull it out of the box and that's what they're greeted with so I think it's lovely okay so as always thank you for watching Connie I hope this has helped you out and for everybody else that's watching thank you please hit that subscribe button if you haven't and I'll be back again soon with another tutorial thanks for watching bye


This is the NFAC an all-black militia with a mission to defend the black community by any means necessary We met with him outside of Cincinnati where he says another new chapter is now in the works The NFAC stands for the not effing around coalition Unbelievable literally a day after a blue and non anti-trump bind supporting Syrian-born nut job mass murders 10 white people MSNBC feels like it's a good idea not to just report on But to actively promote a racist hate group that wants to secede from the US and start a black only ethno state We're gonna get right into that, but first some breaking news from healthwithdronetech.com You're not gonna believe this but a new study reveals that tiny fish in the Amazon are able to survive Here's how the three-stripe cori a small catfish is able to survive multiple bites from piranhas Completely unfazed the secret lies inside its specialized scales Science has found that these fish are able to survive piranhas due to the collagen and their unique scales Just as collagen is the main protein that protects these fish It might also quite possibly be the most important protein inside us humans collagen is the main protein We need to combat aging enjoy peak energy and strengthen our nails and hair Increasing your collagen intake is the best way to combat aging and appear more youthful That's why I recommend taking at least one scoop of collagen per day This product contains research-backed ingredients that promote anti-aging quickly and effectively get my favorite multi-collagen for 51% off today by going to www.healthwithdronetech.com or by clicking the link in the description or pin comment We'll have a rare inside look at an all-black armed militia and its stated goal is To defend black people by any means necessary What was I just looking at what the hell is that guy doing?  We'll just check out the polling on this with ridiculously high amounts of people Believing the conspiracy theory now they believe it for several reasons Mainly the media purposely cherry-picked stories and blows them up while always ignoring the details of why these police shootings occurred So if a white cop shoots a black person no matter what the reason is it will be reported as a racist Unjustified shooting it doesn't matter if they were fighting police Shooting at police trying to run over them or stab them none of it matters So those out there that don't know any better just assume that black people are being gunned down daily for being black because of this Media cherry-picking they never even hear about white people being shot by police So it all seems very one-sided and targeted when you confront them with this fact and show them That around 200 black people and 400 white people were shot in 2020 They'll point out the higher percentages of black people shot compared to their population size But inevitably they will also ignore that black people and more specifically black men or more likely to be involved in violent crime Murder and in fact fighting the police when they're being lawfully detained or arrested now just so we're clear here I'm not making any sort of an argument for why this is there are lots of factors at play here And I'm not saying by any means that black people are somehow prone to this sort of behavior I don't think that's true and you can actually Prove that by just looking at where most of this is occurring in Democrat-run cities on the coast and the vast majority of it is gang-related Kevin Melvin knows all of this But chooses not to inform but rather to perpetuate the conspiracy theory and paranoia Melvin's second bullshit claim Is that the so-called experts say that in fact which I kid you not Stands for the not f-ing around coalition is quote not the same thing as far-right militia groups that are on the rise experts say it is Very different from the far-right militia groups Just say it with me They are known as the NFAC an armed all-black militia You might have seen a protest in Georgia, Kentucky and Washington DC.   That's probably just my white privilege talking. This is some wholesome stuff Really, just carry on their goals are distinct focusing on defense with the ultimate goal of a black ethno state Is violence an option to reach your goals? The United States was built on Violence being an option violence should be the last option a response to show they won't be scared or unprotected any longer Wait a minute here So MSNBC has no problems with these racist extremists having semi-automatic rifles with bump stocks Because they need them to protect themselves from white people But at the same time you also support Joe Biden banning so-called assault weapons Which by your own logic will leave these people defenseless from the colorless hordes or will they just carve out an exemption for groups like this So that they can fight systemic oppression. That's all I can stomach for this one if you enjoyed this episode Please hit that like button share and subscribe and I will see you all next time


not always an American citizen just because you're born in America. Welcome to American Samoa, the only territory or state where you're born a U.S. national, not a citizen. This means American Samoans can't vote, hold office, or even take certain jobs like police. Why? Partly, you guessed it, racism. In the 1930s, the U.S. Navy, which ruled Samoa, and many politicians claimed American Samoans weren't ready for citizenship. Seriously. On the flip side though, many American Samoans worried their distinct culture could be further marred by colonialism if citizenship were introduced. So, no citizenship for American Samoans. Unless you relocate to the mainland, pass a test, pay a hefty fee, and pledge allegiance to the country you were already born in.


Hi and welcome to the session. Let us discuss the following question. Question says, for each of the differential equations given below, indicate its order and degree. Given differential equation is d square y upon dx square plus 5x multiplied by dy upon dx whole square minus 6y is equal to log x. Let us now start with the solution. Given differential equation is d square y upon dx square plus 5x multiplied by square of dy upon dx minus 6y is equal to log x. First of all let us find out order of this differential equation. We know order of a differential equation is the order of the highest order derivative occurring in the differential equation. Clearly we can see this is the highest order derivative occurring in this differential equation. So order of the given differential equation is 2. Now we can write the highest order derivative present in the differential equation is d square y upon dx square. So its order is 2. Now let us discuss about degree of this differential equation. Now degree of a differential equation is defined if it is a polynomial equation in its derivatives. Clearly we can see this is a polynomial equation in d square y upon dx square dy upon dx and y. So degree of this equation is defined. Now degree of a differential equation when defined is highest power of the highest order derivative occurring in the equation. Clearly we can see this is the highest order derivative occurring in this equation and highest power of this derivative in this equation is 1. So degree of this equation is 1. Now we can write given differential equation is a polynomial equation in d square y upon dx square dy upon dx and y and the highest power raised to d square y upon dx square is 1. So degree of this equation is 1. So our required answer is order of the given differential equation is 2 and degree of the given differential equation is 1. This completes the session. Hope you understood the solution. Take care and have a nice day.


Welcome to this video. I'm Martin Grangeant and with my colleague Mathieu Jacomi, we want to question the inter-subjectivity of network interpretation. What do we see when we analyze a network? This is sometimes very personal, depending on the disciplinary tradition that guides us, our technical skills and our understanding of the different theories that underline network analysis. This maneuvering process is subjective by nature, which may seem paradoxical considering that the digital methods are often supposed to objectify our research topics. Yet, as Karl Popper argued, descriptive statements necessarily draw the validity from inter-subjective agreement. How much agreement does network analysis offer? To discuss this, we extracted a network dataset that we each analyzed on our own. We didn't know the data in advance and had given ourselves a maximum of two hours. We recorded our screens and then made a quick commented montage of the main moments of our process. All this is then compiled on a web page that allows us to compare our interpretative journeys. A few words about the data. We worked on a network of Wikipedia pages that link to each other. We harvested the European cuisine category by extracting all its pages as well as the pages listed in its subcategories. To do this, we used notebooks developed by Mathieu and available on his mapping controversies website. We then extracted all the links between the pages of this list and kept all the pages that are linked at least twice. The network contains 5,800 nodes and 300,000 edges. Let's move on to the first part of this process, which is taking the data, opening a network analysis software and trying to see what it's all about. So I'm opening Fee, opening the GXF file and making a few calculations on the degree just to understand what's the dates about, just to understand the distribution of this metric to have a better idea of the complexity of the network I have in front of me. And then I use a few visual elements to make sure that I distinguish the bigger nodes and the small nodes. As a first step in my process here, I use the Fushtemann Heingold Spacialization Algorithm. I like the Spacialization Algorithm because it puts all the nodes in a specific circle and then all the nodes are the same distance from each other. It's a very soft first directed algorithm, I would say, and I always like to start with something like that just to have an idea of the network. Then I will move on to something more strong in terms of the Spacialization Algorithm to show the cluster a bit more. This first moment is also the moment of the first exploration just to have an idea of the structure of the graph globally, to have a look at the main clusters, to have a look at the main groups. And also the moment to start the first calculation, especially here, the betweenness centrality just to have an idea of the main linkers in this graph. So I changed the color to have an idea of their spatial position. And then of course I have a look at the data itself just to see the names of the nodes and the Wikipedia pages that are linking different groups together, hence the high betweenness centrality. Here I stop on a specific node, the biggest one just to see its ego network or all the nodes that are connected to this node. And I pick a few different nodes just to see if the node that is in the middle is connected to every other node or if it's not the case here, it's not completely the case, which is even more interesting. And now let's look at some more peripheral nodes just to have an idea of the different pages that are linked to this main red dot in the center here. Then I choose a more neutral color to go with the next part of our specialization process, which is applying for Sotlus2 here to give the clusters a little bit more space and to let the graph arrange around this new spatial referential. So here you see that the network is very highly clusterized. There are very specific groups in the periphery and in the middle a very large soup of nodes that are very hard to see because everything is entangled so that's why I'm using different visual parameters here to try to make the edges less visible and to have the nodes level appear better just to be able to explore it a bit more.