From the time you leave home until you get back home, usually around 12, 14 hour days, you just have to watch for other people. There's a lot of pumpers out here in the oil field, and you have to watch for them pulling out on the highway. We're in such wide open spaces, everybody's in a hurry to get there because they've got a lot of places to go in a day. You've got to really understand, there's a lot of accidents out here in the oil field coming around blind corners and nighttime, and roads aren't built for four lane traffic. Driving is one of the biggest hazards in the oil field. We have oncoming traffic, animals. We work out in the open. We have cows, we have deer, all kinds of animals. And there's a lot of oil field traffic. I go into a location the other day, there's five different rigs on that location, and I pass 10 different trucks. Trucks moving rigs, trucks moving water tanks. Transport trucks, roustabouts, pumpers. Come to work early, sometimes you stay late and then drive in, so it is one of our biggest hazards that we have. 24-7, the oil field never shuts down. We travel on these roads day and night. It's not unusual to travel two or three hours a day back and forth to the rig. People traveling up and down the highway after being up 24, 36 hours, all they want is to get home. Inattentiveness, there's just a myriad of things that are involved when you're on the highway. You see lots of accidents on the road. Seat belts need to be worn.  One of the leading causes of fatalities is highway crashes and been a lot of fatalities happen because we're not wearing seat belts in the beehive. And it is a state law. And all these guys know if they are caught without a seat belt and that pickup's moving, they're terminated. That's the end of it. It's that big a deal. And it don't take five seconds to buckle up and be safe. Yeah, the seat belts is one of our main tools. I mean, if you ain't wearing it, you're ain't working here. Simple. We're talking about seat belts. Seat belts play a very important safety in our lives because about three months ago, I fell asleep on the wheel and if it hadn't been for the seat belt, I wouldn't be standing here right now today talking to y'all. Involving a car accident that could have killed us, but it couldn't hurt. In fact, on this road right here and we were using our seat belt and thank God nothing bad happened to us. And if I can say that I lost a couple of my family members here not too long ago in an accident and they were thrown from the car. So that's one of the reasons why I wear my seat belt and I want everyone else in my truck to wear the seat belt. I can speak from personal experience that they do help. I have rolled a vehicle and walked away from it because I was wearing a seat belt. The impact of any accident, even five or 10 miles per hour is pretty amazing. You know, a lot of people don't think about it, but it is, no matter what speed you're going, a sudden stop can be pretty dramatic. Went through a pod hole. Everyone went through it very fast. They would have threw me out of the seat because they seat their air ride and you hit a bump very hard and it will throw you through the ceiling and rough 40 roads. You're having to swerve and miss a lot of pod holes and that way you don't, if you have your seat belt you wear it at all times. You don't have to worry about sliding out of the seat or losing control of the vehicle. Big truck that's just more room to get thrown around in if you're not wearing a seat belt and if you're on a dirt road, then you think you're safe and you're more apt to have an accident. Roads are very narrow paved roads. Out here, they're mostly county roads. For the most part, they're real narrow. It's hard for two trucks to pass on a road like this. A lot of the roads you'll find have drop offs and stuff like that.  You know, with the vehicle rolled upside down, if you can get the pressure off of that seat belt, you can push that button and it'll come undone. I mean, it comes undone right then. So no, I don't see that being a problem. You can see the shoulders drop off so you have to be very careful because those shoulders are soft.  And if you're not buckled up, then you take a chance of being ejected from your vehicle. I've seen several big trucks roll over and when they didn't have their seat belt on them, they throw them out and then the truck roll right over the top of them. People take the big trucks for granted.  I've had people pull right out in front of me before.   Sometimes, you know, on these lease roads, you don't, in intersections, sometimes they forget that there's other vehicles coming from the other direction. There's no stop signs out there, so they gotta be really careful. Some people think, well, I'm just driving from here to there and why do we have to put it on? I know a lot of people use a lot of excuses and basically all it is is excuses. Forklifts, there's been a lot of accidents throughout the oil field with not wearing seat belts and the forklift getting turned over. The employee thinks he can jump out, beat it from falling over. Many times, they don't. Well, that's very important. You know, you could be, you don't have to actually tip over for you to fall out.  Forklifts are one of the most dangerous pieces of equipment we have out here. If they're not buckled in and not inside that cage secure, they're at extreme risk. And if you pick up a heavy load, you could tip it over and fall out.   As part of their job, to make sure everybody else is wearing theirs too. One thing I do any time I have passengers, I make sure that they do wear their seat belt. It's something that hits home whenever you take that risk of not using a seat belt. Yeah, they need to encourage all the time. You know, the passengers should always be wearing theirs. And that's another thing in these crew cab pickups. You know, there's four men in one of the pickups. And just the driver having on the seat belt is not sufficient. The riders in the back seat, they need to have theirs on because if they were to run into something, those passengers will come flying over the seat and hit the driver. So that's why it's very mandatory for everyone in the vehicle to wear a seat belt. When I'm driving, somebody gets in a truck, I won't leave until they put their seat belt on. You have to be responsible enough and liable for yourself to say, hey, I need to put this on for my own protection. I've had to remind people to wear their seat belt, but nobody's had a problem with it. Exactly. And at the same time, they kind of keep your respect, you know, that they trust in you that you're going to take care of them. They know that you care for them and they got kids too, their wives and stuff like that. You know, the same thing that I want for me, you know, and yeah, I would make sure that they would wear their seat belts and that they understood the importance why. We care about their safety. We just want them to be safe. Some other people don't like to wear the seat belt. And in my case, if one of my hands decide not to wear the seat belt, we're not moved from there. And our time is tough. I don't put it in gear until they put it on it. You know, if they have a problem with it, they can find some other way to work. Same thing when we're going home. If you guys want to go home, click it or tick it. Ma'am, I've got five kids at the house and I got to come home every night. Coming together, we got to make sure we get home together. I can't stress it enough if you want to go home and see your family at night. I mean, if nothing else, do it for your family. As a matter of fact, I got shut down for my three months. And I mean, I had great credit and everything before that and three months and not working. Everything I had got repoed, taken away and couldn't use credit cards anymore. I had no funds for three months and it taught me a lesson that if I'm not able to work for three months like that, then I'm in trouble. Exactly, yeah. You know, you got to have the attitude of, yes, build a great record for the company you're working for because that's who's going to keep you busy but also, you know, the kids, the family, you know, they're always expecting you. There's been times when I come lay home and they're waiting all the time, especially my youngest, you know, he's looking through the windows waiting for that. And I do find that I want to come home to my family every day. I don't, they're still pretty young, my youngest is nine. And I want them to grow up with a dad and I want to be there to meet my grandkids and be part of their lives as well. And the only way I'm going to do that is to look out for my own safety. That starts with the driving safe and wearing your seatbelt. As a driver, it's your responsibility to you and your passengers to make sure everybody in your vehicle is buckled up. Wearing seatbelts prevents injuries and saves lives.  Never risk your health, the health of your fellow employees, your ability to work and take care of your family. Always wear your seatbelt.


Everybody forced here up in twenty twenty two prison football hobby four box number fifty four picker team style Alexandros Washington Andrew L Raiders Andrew P with the Giants Armando Charters Blainty Chiefs Brad R Falcons Lions Brendan I Saints David F Texans Dean I Pat's Eagles Eric R Cowboys Eric V with the Browns Gary W Rams JB Bills Jeffrey H Packers Jetson Seahawks Joel B Dolphins Titans John M Bears Keith B Ravens Kevin H Steelers Niners Kyle S Vikings Matt F Panthers Patrick Z Buccaneers Rafi has the Cardinals Ron L Bengals Ryan B Jags Stephen A Colts and Stephen W Broncos. Thanks for joining everybody. Let's get started Too many notifications, man All right, here we go to the break Silver hype out Almond Ross St. Brown for the Lions Purple power Titans Vince Young. That's the 49 35 or 49 Daxton Hill Eric Izucanma Silver Kareem Hunt-Browns To 149 Damian Pierce Ricky Redway of auto Texans nice hit There we go. They're one of the last teams available. And I think all the breaks tonight are all the prisms Good stuff there There's a pierce base Orange Warren sat at 249 Buccaneers By the way of 249 Sam Howe Silver Marshawn Latimore Saints With a Pat Firemuth Silver Auto second-year Steelers Jameson Williams and a David Bell Dude they deliver their crumble cookies warm too. Oh, yeah. Oh, I mean it was better way better Oh, yeah, yeah, but they still hold up fairly well. Yeah, silver quity paid Colts Orange at 249 Rondale Moore Cardinals Jack Jones Brock Purdy I know Lane gets donuts a lot from my donut King and donuts are good, but if you don't have them in like a like The first like few hours you get them. They're not they don't hold up Not as well donuts are more of a fresh thing than a cookie for sure Blue ice Aaron Rodgers fireworks. That's to 99 Yeah, 34 99 and a red wave rookie Calvin Austin the third Steelers 84 of 149 Logan Hall Calvin Austin See a manga this time be crazy see a manga and color blast in same case. I'll say Silver emergent rookie Romeo Dobbs Packers red wave cordial Patterson to 149 Falcons Samir White Louis Seen Purple Browns to 125 miles Garrett Carson Strong Jake Ferguson Orange wave Eli Manning Giants number to 40 of 60 Chiquon Bresker Tariq Wolden Lockdown Antoine Woodfield Jr. Purple ice juju Smith Schuster to 225 for the Chiefs Jaylin Tolbert for Darian Mathis That's pretty cool. They're probably hanging out with Mojo. They do a lots of Mojo break Ricky Silver Hassan Haskins Titans blue wave Almond Ross St. Brown to 199 for the Lions 64-199 Isaiah Pacheco Devon Lloyd Are they saying that in the chat? Hypergequan Bresker bears rookie number to 175 Romeo Dobbs and Troy Anderson bit of a quiet first box. I think we're gonna pick it up here I cursed Yukon. I cursed him Preston Lacey Legend right there Silver Darius Slade Jr. Eagles Jaylin Waddell dolphins on the Silver Auto Dude Sean and Lane are hanging out with Wee Man and Preston Lacey Red wave Adam Thielen to 149 Vikings Joss Pashaal to Kobe Durant Silver David Carr Texans Green Scope Walter Jones Seahawks 64 out of 75 Trayne Johnson the second Vilish Jones Jr. Jake, what's your favorite movie about a lion cub whose father gets killed by The lion cubs uncle and then he becomes king. What's your favorite movie that that's like that Purple Nicoby Dean Eagles rookie to 125 Incredibles Okay, I thought I didn't either you say something else. That's hot take I think Kenneth Walker the third Silver prison break rookie Chris Olave Saints blue wave to 199 trying to think green art Texans Danny Gray Jelani Woods Come on now. Where's the low numbers that? Red wave rookie Khalil Shakir bills to 149 Ryan Robinson Jr. George Carl Loftus Hyper Michael Thomas Saints to 175 Bailey Zappi rookie Isaiah likely all out Cordell Patterson blue wave rookie Drake London nice card Falcons. That's to 199 113 of 199 Ford and Corral Silver rookie Mafia for the Seahawks an orange prison Ritchie Grant Falcons the 249 Skymore gave it a job. Oh Purple ice Bruce Smith bills number to 225 Breeze Hall Kyler Elam Silver fireworks rookie Saints Chris Olave red wave Josh Allen bills to 149 87 of 149 Jalen Naylor John Michi the third silver DJ shark lions with a green scope Taekwant Thornton rookie Auto Patriots 69 of 75 Fonte Wyatt Kate York Purple Tyler Higby numbered to 125 for the Rams Kate Odden Tyrion Davis Price All right, it's still still quiet in the break so far. We got two more boxes here. Oh man Ty game now cursed Yukon everybody Jake's beloved Yukon You see that UCF kids are gonna get drafted like the top 10 maybe Silver rookie emerging Colts Alec Pierce Who's that NBA draft his name is uh, I thought he was Walker. I think Was it Walker orange Curtis Samuel commanders of 249 Yeah, kind of like coming out of nowhere, but everybody like the scouts like his athleticism and stuff He's like he's like six eight like Like forward that can score and stuff. I did not see that Silver Trayvon digs Cowboys with a Breeze Hall silver rookie auto jets Reached the beast on Instagram Christian Watson Blueway Darnall Mooney bears number to 199 Sauce Gardner nick Bonito Check out quiet quick. Oh, dude, my chat's not updating. Why is my chat not updating? Let me refresh it There we go There we go Wicks that was the name right oh Hendricks I'm thinking of like I'm thinking of a other Walker silver Corey Davis Jets Randall Cobb the 99 blue ice auto for the Packers Monique Willis Jeremy Ruckert I was wondering where my chat wasn't up to me Super annoying Silver Jairo Alexander Packers with a blue way you've run a lot Niners number to 199 What's up, Haley lint Tomorrow night is Sam. Got Sam the Marl Purple ice rookie Jordan Davis for Philly to 225 K walker Alec Pierce Forest camo coming up Silver rookie fireworks strike London for the Falcons Max Crosby Raiders 15 of 15 Forest camo Wanda Robinson trying to make Duffy Orange Dante Hull chiefs to 249 50 of 249 Purple ice for Sean Slater chargers number to 225 James Cook Kyle Hamilton What'd you get Taylor? Dude, what are you doing over there? I'm just laying back rookie flashback prism leek willis titans Hyper robert woods titans number to 175 Silver rookie a nodges and lions Blue ice to 99 James Winston Saints Algear and Ritter Dude, that's sick Taylor No way That's pretty fire Blue wave Brian Cook rookie to 199 for the chiefs I don't know if you can hear me saying how cool it is over the over the chair But I think it's pretty cool I don't even know Sam could yell over that chair Silver fireworks rookie breeze all jets Hyper de hop Cardinals to 175 Come on, man. We need something in this box Some teams have had some nice hits, but we need we need we need some big cards here Come on box for Silver Roquan Smith Ravens Hey, Tyler Algear rookie silver auto for the Lana Breeze Hall Kyriellum Purple mink if it's Patrick Steelers number to 125 Danny Gray and Jelani Woods Silver Michael Carter for the Jets With a William refrigerator peri-auto to 99 Or the Bears Bellinger and Pierce Silver Donald Driver for the Packers Green Scope Devontae Smith Eagles number to 75 Nice color match there for the birds second-year Devontae Sam Howell breakout year Devontae Smith Blue wave rookie traffic bride Cardinals to 199 And it doesn't matter to price doesn't matter Taylor or something like that Values are all made up when there's something that like that's just that's basically a one-of-one so Silver prison break for the Jags Trevor Lawrence Purple ice sake one to 225 for the Giants Johnson V. Bush Jones So brother breaks blue wave Ronnie lot the 199 Niners Sam Williams Kenneth Walker the third Red wave Michael Parsons to 149 Dallas I told you Lane. I told you guys in the chat. It's amazing Dude guys Lane just met we man we man and uh impress and lacy I think I think you met we man once already Joe mix in there blue ice tana held to 99 Titans Rob and Carl Loftus Wonder if it'll be the only time we have Stephen a smith and a so katana on the thumbnail together Rookie silver carrot Wilson Jets There we go Jets an orange a 249 Shaquille entered Colts Bailey zappy oh Vegas Lane Purple ice Jalen Petrie Texans Rookie to 225 Josh Pashall and it's Kobe Durant Not the best four boxes guys. It wasn't like bad by any means, but No huge hits as far as your group rate goes there were some solid hits here still we'll go through them Silver autos of Jalen waddle pat frymuth. Tyler Algier Reese Hall Red wave Damien Pierce the 149 Card dust man Blue ice Randall Cobb that's two 99 as well as a william parry and a green scope tyke one thorton is 75 for the pets Thanks again everybody on to number 55 the last four boxes of the case


in continuation of that and as we keep on saying that this is Ram Kumar passion to pay back to the society keeps on and that makes us beyond all the CLC team also to continue to tap this is Ram Kumar's talent. But his talent is so much that we can't even say that it's a tap, it's rather in a lighter way. It's a tube well full of knowledge. So I will request sir to share his knowledge on the part two of this important session. Over to you sir. Thank you EGAS and good evening friends. We started the topic of cancellation of bail the other day. We came up to question number eight. Now we were discussing in Australia that they about the omission in section 436 CRPC for a provision for cancellation of bail in respect of a bailable offense. Unlike in the case of a non-bailable offense where section 437 clause 5 CRPC gives the power to the ministry to cancel the bail. In the case of a bailable offense, there is no corresponding provision in section 436 entitling the ministry to cancel the bailable offense. But then way back in 1958, a three-judge bench of the Supreme Court interpreting the corresponding provision in the 1898 code said that it may be an omission or an oversight by the legislature. And in fact that decision was subsequently approved by a constitution bench also. But then I would respectfully submit that it need not necessarily be an omission because legislature might have consciously the framers of the code might have consciously not provided a provision in section 436 for cancellation of bail in respect of a bailable offense because we have noted the other day the only condition which can be imposed in a bailable offense is the condition for appearance and date for appearance. Therefore that is the only condition imposed. No other condition can be imposed in a bailable offense. Therefore when the court imposes the condition of date and time of appearance before the court in a bailable offense and when that condition is breached. It automatically forfeit the bail bond under section 446 and the court can proceed against the accused and the sureties under section 446 CRPC for recovery of the penalty which they had undertaken to forfeit to the government in the event of a default or breach of condition for appearance by the accused. So that I think you should take care of the situation because the forfeit of the bail bond is almost having the same force as cancellation of bail. In fact he is saying once the bail bond is forfeited the accused cannot be granted bail on that bond. Likewise when the bail is cancelled then also the accused cannot be granted bail and he can be ordered to be arrested. Therefore it should take care of the situation. Of course the Supreme Court under the old code held that when the said condition for appearance is breached by the accused by remaining absent. Since the magistrate cannot cancel the bail the high court can intervene and cancel the bail by virtue of the inherent power under section 561A CRPC. But then in the present code of 1973 under section 439 CRPC that situation is taken care of in a way even though the magistrate is not given the power to cancel bail in respect of a bailable offense. The sessions court and the high court are given the power because 4392A a bail granted under this chapter which includes grant of bail under section 4392A can be cancelled by the sessions court or the high court. So court session can cancel the bail though not the magistrate and the magistrate can take proceedings under section 446 for future of the bond and recover a penalty. That should take care of the situation that is my respectful submission. With that we pass on to question number 9. Should not the bail granted to the accused be cancelled if he remains absent on the day when the witnesses are to be examined and they are present in court. See the case says stand posted for trial. Witnesses are in attendance personal to someone's issue to them. Accuses remain absent. So whether knowingly or unknowingly he remains absent. So that can have the effect of dislocating the trial under section 309CRPC trial should be conducted day by day. There should not be any interruption in the trial. Therefore when the accused remains absent and witnesses are in present in attendance. The accused should not be take should not take advantage of his absent and get an adjournment of the trial. No trial should go on. So he the Supreme Court observed Supreme Court in state of UP versus Shambunab Singh. AIR 2001 Supreme Court 1403 preaching through justice Katie Thomas observed as follows. I quote we make it abundantly clear that if if a witness is present in court he must be examined on that day. The court must know that most of the witnesses could attend the court only at heavy cost to them after keeping aside their own evocation. Certainly they incur suffering and loss of income. The meager amount of beta allowance which a witness may be paid by the court is generally a poor soles for the financial loss incurred by him. It is a sad plight in the trial court that witnesses who are called through summons or other processes stand at the doorstep from morning till evening. Only to be told at the end of the day that the case has been adjourned to another day. This primitive practice must be reformed by presiding officers of the trial court and it can be reformed by everyone provided the presiding officer concerned as a commitment to duty. If any court finds that the date today examination of the witness mandated by the legislature cannot be complied with due to the non-corporation of the accused or his counsel, the court can adopt any of the measures indicated in the subsection of section 309. That is remanding the accused to custody or imposing cost on the party who won such adjournments. The cost must be commensurate with the law suffered by the witnesses, including the expenses to attend the court. When the accused is absent and the witness is present to be examined, the court can cancel his bail if he is on bail. Then, unless an application is made on his behalf seeking permission for his counsel to proceed to examine the witness present, even in his absence provided the accused gives an undertaking in writing that he would not dispute his identity as the particular accused is the case. These observations are found in paragraphs 8 and 13 of the above decision. Now, we already noted the other day that when the case is posted for trial and the accused remains absent, he can file a petition with an affidavit incorporating three important conditions. One, that he may be permitted to remain absent. Two, evidence may be recorded during his absence. He is thereby forfeiting his right under section 273 CRPD to be present. Then three, his counsel may be permitted to represent him during his absence. And last clause important that he will not question the capacity of the prosecution witnesses to identify him because he is not in the dock. Therefore, if the prosecution witness is unable to identify the assailant, he cannot turn around and say that the prosecution has not succeeded in identifying me. None of the prosecution witnesses has identified me. He will not be heard to say that because he had consciously forfeited his right under section 273 CRPD. So, Justice Thomas has emphasized the need for filing such a petition when the accused is absent on a day when witnesses are in attendance. So, there is no question of adjourning the trial. Either he can be remanded to custody as a punishment or he can be called upon to pay cost to the witnesses. In case the adjournment is found, absolutely essential. Ordinarily court should not adjourn the trial, which has already been started. Question number 10. Is not a prosecution witness turning hostile to the prosecution? A circumstance justify the cancellation of the bail granted to the accused. Now, you see, there are situations where a prosecution witness may turn hostile, not because he has been won over by the accused. There can be genuine reasons. For example, a police officer who is not honest, he may prepare a 161 statement of a witness without even seeing the witness. Sitting in the police station, he may prepare a 161 statement of the witness because he doesn't require signature. Therefore, police officer may prepare a 161 statement. And during trial, if that witness is summoned before court, he ways genuinely and honestly say that I was never questioned by the police officer. I have not given any statement to the police officer. And if he is confronted with so-called statement given by him, he will say, I never gave such a statement. He is honestly saying that. So, from that court or the prosecution cannot straight away jump to the conclusion that he has been won over by the accused. No, he need not necessarily be won over by the accused. But there can be situations where accused might have won over the witness and that is why he is turning hostile. So, merely because the witness turns hostile, court cannot jump to the conclusion that he has been won over by the defense. The fact that the prosecution witnesses have turned hostile cannot by itself justify the inference that the accused was won over, accused as won over them. Won them over, unless there is reliable material to suggest the same. The citation is, state through Delhi administration versus Sanjay Gandhi, A.I.R. 1978, Supreme Court, 961. The three judges are Y.V. Chandrachut, Chief Judges. He is the author of the judgment also. Justice Murthasa Fazalani and Justice P.N. Shingal. Question number 11. In a case where the court is convinced from the attendance register maintained by the SHO, the station house officer, the officer in charge of the police station, that the accused has violated the bail condition regarding reporting before the police. Is it necessary to give notice and an opportunity of being heard to the accused before his bail is cancelled? The accused has been granted bail with conditions. One of the bail conditions is that he shall appear regularly every week on a particular day, at a particular time before the investigative officer, police officer. Now, the police officer produces a diary maintained by him in the police station to show that even though the accused appeared on two or three occasions, thereafter he has not appeared before the reporter, before the police, as can be seen from the register maintained by him. He has not come and signed, he has not come and signed the register. So this is a conclusive evidence that the accused has violated the bail condition. Now the question is, is it not sufficient for the court to cancel the bail even without notice to the accused? No. Answer is an emphatic no. See, there can be 101 reasons for the accused as to why he did not sign the... There might be genuine reasons, for example, a near-relative of his might have passed away or he might have reported every day, but the police officer is having a grudge against him. So he might have deliberately refused to allow him to sign the register. That may be one of the reasons. So he may have very valid reasons as to why his signature does not appear in the register. Therefore, there is no question of the court straight away cancelling the bail even without notice to the accused. The Supreme Court in Gurudev Singh was the state of Bihar. AIR 2000 Supreme Court 35561, GS Patanayik and UC Banerjee held that report of the... That was the case where the process server had given a report. The fact that the accused was someone, was served with summons. The process service reports server to the effect that accused was refused to summons because when he made a report that when he attempted to effect service of summons, the accused refused. Therefore, he affixed the... Now that report is not the last word, cannot be treated as sacrosanct and that the accused was entitled to notice before cancellation of the bail. The court cannot straight away rely on the report of the process server to come to the conclusion that accused has refused summons. Therefore, he need not be heard. No, there may be very valid reasons why such a report was given by the process server. Supreme Court says the report of the process server is not sacrosanct. Court can not withstand such a report looking to the question as to whether there was valid reason for the accused not to appear before him. That is, again in parasics of Thammanam Shaji, P.K. Shaji versus state of Kerala. A.A. 2006 Supreme Court, page 100, 100. K.G. Balakrishnan and this is B.N. Sri Krishna. They also said that the accused is entitled to notice before cancellation of bail. Bail cannot be cancelled straight away without even notice to the accused. He has to be heard because he was enlarged on bail. He was given liberty to move above. Not that liberty is being curtailed without even hearing him. Audio-alterm part of principle also will apply. Question number 12. Who can apply for cancellation of bail? The other day somebody had raised this question also. The state acting through the public prosecutor, the agreed party can apply for cancellation of bail. The High Court also can cancel the bail so motto. Any member of the public who has a concern in the matter can also move the High Court for reminding it of the need to invoke the same power so motto. That is what the Supreme Court said in A.I.R. 2000 Supreme Court 1851. A.I.R. 2000 Supreme Court 1851. Justice K.T. Thomas and Mohapatra. Justice. Now, recently in 2022, in Jagjeet Singh v. Ashish Mishra, L.A.S. Monu, 2022, three Kerala High Court cases, 449 Supreme Court, three judges speaking through N.V. Ramana. Justice Surya Gandhi is the author of the judgment. Hima Kohini in criminal appeal 632 bar 2022 held that a victim is also entitled to be heard right from the stage of investigation till the culmination of proceedings, not only before the trial court but also in appeal or revulsion as the case may be. The new concept of victimology is beautifully laid down in that decision. You read paragraphs 24 to 27 of Jagjeet Singh's recent decision. It was rendered on 18 for 2022. Yes, question 13. The accused has been granted bail in a case involving an offence punishable under section 326 IPZ. Subsequently, the victim dies and the investigating officer incorporates the offence punishable under section 302 IPZ. Is it not a circumstance justifying cancellation of the bail already granted to the accused? It was only 326 and the accused was granted bail but then the victim subsequently died out of the same injury. Therefore the police incorporated 302 murder also in the FIR. So the question is, is not the incorporation of the graver offence, a grounds justifying cancellation of the bail? No, merely because the graver offence has subsequently been incorporated after the enlargement of the accused on bail. That by itself is not a circumstance to cancel the bail. For cancellation of bail, the conditions for doing so should be present. A bail can be cancelled only if the accused has been guilty of breach of the bail conditions or if he has abused the liberty granted to him. Upon incorporation of the graver offence, the bail already granted to the accused earlier will not be of any avail to him. Of course, he cannot take advantage of the earlier bail. He will have to apply for fresh bail with regard to the graver offence. With regard to the graver offence, he can be called upon by the magistrate or the certain judge to apply for bail with regard to the aggravated offence, the graver offence. That is not a grounds straight away to cancel the bail. The citation is for Akhla Singh Bhatti versus NCT of Delhi, AIR 2001, Subringot 1444. Again Justice KT Thomas and R.P. Sethi. Justice R.P. Sethi is the author of the judgment. Then again, there is a subsequent 3G bench decision of Subringot in, which is 2G only. Pradeep Ram versus state of Jharkhand, AIR 2019, Subringot 3193. That is Ashok Bhushan and K.M. Joseph, author of the judgment is Ashok Bhushan. The court exercised the power under section 437-5, SLS 439-2, CRBC. In exercise of that, the power court can direct the person who has already been granted bail to be arrested and commit him to custody, consequent on addition of graver or non-cognizable offence, which may not necessarily always be with an order of canceling bail. Subringot subsequently stated that the court has got the power to cancel the bail also. But then without not, it is not a requirement or invariable requirement because the court need only ask the accused to apply for bail with regard to the graver offence, subsequently incorporate. That is the, just because the police have incorporated a graver offence subsequently, that is not a ground for straight away canceling the bail already granted. Because at the time, in fact, one observation is very important. In a case where an accused has already been granted bail, the investigating authority consequent on the addition of an offence for offences may not proceed to arrest the accused. But for arresting the accused on such addition of offence or offences, it need not obtain an order to arrest the accused. There is a need to obtain the order, order the arrest the accused from the court, which had granted him bail. Court alone can order the arrest of the accused either under section 435 or section 4392 CRPC. Just because there is a, there is a, a graver offence has been incorporated, the police cannot straight away arrest the accused. Because he is on bail, bail granted by a court, by a court of competent jurisdiction. So that court alone can direct his, his arrest and commit him to custody. Therefore, without the, in order of the court, police cannot arrest him. Now the most practical course is what, what was suggested in Perala, Perala Singh Bhati, a year 2001 Supreme Court, 1444. Asking the accused already on bail to apply for fresh bail with regard to the graver offence. And it is only if he does not do so, should the court resort to the extreme step of cancelling the bail. That is, that would be the most practical way of approach. Now question number 14. In a murder case, the high court grant bail to the accused during crime stage. Subsequently, the accused is star seated by the police. And the case is thereafter committed to the session court. The accused is granted fresh bail by the session court. Thereafter, the defective complainant approaches the high court for canceling the bail, granted during the crime stage, alleging that the accused had violated one of the conditions imposed by the high court. Is it not permissible for the high court to cancel the bail? Now see, during the crime stage, during the investigation stage, high court had granted bail. Subsequently, after the investigation was over, charge sheet was filed. Case was committed to the court of session. Sessions court granted him fresh bail on his appearance. Now there is a petition filed before the high court by the defective complainant. To effect that, at a time when the order of the high court was in force, he committed the violation of one of the bail conditions. Now is it a ground for canceling the bail? Now the bail granted during the crime stage had worked itself out after the charge sheet was filed. The bail order which is operative is the one which was granted by the session court and not by the high court. The order passed by the high court had merged in the order of the session court. The operative order which is in force is the order of the session court. He has no contention, the complainant has no grievance that the order of the session judge has been violated. Bail condition, the condition of the, I am sorry, the condition imposed by the session court has been violated. Therefore, the court cannot cancel the bail, high court cannot cancel the bail, which has worked itself out with the filing of the charge sheet. That is the view taken by the Kerala, I quote in state of Kerala versus Moideen Kunju, case of Kerala versus Moideen Kunju. 2012, 1 KLT, Kerala law times 203, 2012, 1 KLT 203. We pass on to the next question. Supposing apart from imposing conditions like prohibiting the accused from intimidating the prosecution, attempting to tamper with the prosecution evidence, etc., the bail order passed by the magistrate during the stage of inquiry also directs the accused to appear before the court on the dates of posting of the case. The accused commits breach of the condition for appearance before court by unjustifiably remaining absent. Is it a ground for future of the bail, bail bond or a ground for cancellation of the bail? The bail is granted to the accused on certain conditions, like appearance before police officer. He shall not intimidate the prosecution witnesses. He shall not attempt to tamper with the evidence for the prosecution. He shall appear before the court on specified dates, etc. Now he violates the condition regarding appearance. Now the question is, what is the remedy? Is it for a feature or cancellation of bail? Both remedies are open. Since the bond is also for appearance, the remedy for a feature of bond can be involved. And for a feature is automatic, as we have already seen. Then he and the shortlist can be procedure again under section 445. Then he has also violated one of the bail conditions for appearance. So the bail can be cancelled by resort to section 435 if he is a magistrate. The section 439 too, if it is the quarter session or ICO. So both remedies are available. Question number 16. When a bail bond cancelled, when is a bail bond cancelled? When is an order, bail order cancelled? The question is, when is a bail bond cancelled and when is an bail order cancelled? The bail bond gets cancelled when the accused commits breach of the bail condition for appearance. Resulting in the automatic for a feature of the bond under section 446, capital A, small a, C, R, B, Z. A bail order becomes liable to be cancelled under two situations. Bail order. Bail bond is automatically cancelled by breach of the condition for appearance. Four feature is automatic. Now bail order can be cancelled under two situations. One, where the order granting bail was perverse in that no reasonable court, magistrate or judge, well instructed in law would have granted bail in such a case. In such a case, the superior court can, not the same court, the superior court can set aside the bail order. Now this is covered by Hooran's case, 2001 volume 6, SCC 338, Pines's case, 2008 volume 5, SCC 66, Bridgy Nandan Jaiswal's case, 2009, one SCC 768, and Miangala Dharmarajan's case, year 2020 superior court, 317. So where the bail ought not to have been granted, but has been granted by taking into irrelevant consideration and omitting to take into consideration relevant consideration, that will be an order, perverse order. When such a perverse order of bail has been granted, the superior court can cancel the bail. Actually it is not canceling the bail, it is setting aside the bail order where the bail ought not to have been granted. Then the second situation is, we have already seen, where after it is released on bail, the accused has violated any of the bail conditions. The, or he has, that is virtually the, the contact to the accused, bail, post bail contact to the accused has been such that he has violated the bail condition. He has misused the liberty granted to him through the bail order. In such situations, the court can cancel the bail by resort to section 435 CRPC if he is a magistrate, or 439 CRPC if he is a session court or the high court, court of session or the high court. These are the two situations where a bail order can be cancelled. Whereas a bail bond can be cancelled by automatic, by the absence of the accused, by the failure to appear before the court, that itself results in the four-feature of the bond leading to the court taking action under section 446 CRPC. I suppose you understood the distinction between four-feature of bond and the cancellation of bail or setting aside the bail order. These are three things which have to be very, the distinction should be very clearly understood. Thank you friends, thank you. Thank you sir for sharing your knowledge. It's always a pleasure connecting with you. And these short talks, short questions, have a deeper dive into the law and stay blessed. That's what the Beyond Law CLC team and those who watch you can only seek blessings for you. Thank you.


Welcome from the Reference Staff at the Naval War College Library. With this video presentation you will learn how to find specific journal articles in the Naval War College's electronic environment from the library homepage on the internet. This instruction is for you if you have a journal article link in your syllabus that doesn't work or if you have an article that you would like to find from a citation. This instruction is not for beginning your subject keyword research. First I want to make sure that you know how to get into the library homepage online. When you are on campus working from a networked computer you can get straight into the library homepage from this toolbar or you may find yourself on the college's intranet. From the intranet go into the learning commons and then go over to the left hand side of the page and enter the library here. Either of these paths will lead us into the library homepage. If you are at home working remotely or you are out on travel you will need to enter the Naval War College Library homepage through blackboard if you want to use any of the library's databases for research. To be authenticated into blackboard you need to use the user ID and password that the Naval War College has given you. Once you are authenticated into blackboard this is what you're going to see. You enter the library here and the library homepage is linked here. Now let's take a look at a citation. When you have a citation to a journal article in hand you should have the author of the journal article then you should have the journal article title and that should be in quotation marks. Then you should see the name of the journal itself and that will probably be an italics unless it's an older style where it might be underlined. Then you see the bibliographic data that would be the volume number, the issue number. Sometimes you'll see a month then the year and the beginning pagination. Now the question that you should ask yourself is how do I find this particular journal article online? You have to find the journal online before you can find the article. To find this particular journal online we're going to do a journals search. The link into the journals search database is here on the library homepage. And you'll see that it is currently also featured on the left hand side of the Naval War College Library homepage where it says articles and journals. But remember you're looking for a journal title first. So each of these links will take you into the database that will take you into the search for journal titles. When you're in the journals database you have four options for doing your search in the drop-down menu. You have title begins with title equals, title contains all words and ISSN equals. Perhaps the path of least resistance is title contains all words. And here is your electronic coverage of the United States Naval Institute proceedings in three journal databases. You see that this coverage is from 1997 to the present or 1999 to the present in these journal databases. You also see that the Naval War College Library has print holdings of the proceedings going back to 1874 and microfilm holdings of the proceedings going back to 1874. If you need to see any of this historical coverage please let us know and we can help you with that. At this point notice the date coverage and choose a database to go into. Here you are in the digital coverage of the United States Naval Institute proceedings and the years that are covered are over here to the right. Remember we are looking for a journal article title that was in 2002. We were looking for volume 128 issue 10 from the month of October. And we were looking for an article titled rediscover the art of command and control. And here it is in PDF full text. This is beautiful. This is just what you want. You also see that to the right of the article there are some icons. These icons can sometimes be found in other databases at the top of the database over to the right and sometimes way over to the right hand side. And they allow you to print this PDF to send a link to yourself or to open up and find the citations. I highly recommend going in and copying and pasting this citation information into a working file so that you will always have a trail of what journal articles that you have used in your paper. I hope that I have helped you get comfortable in the electronic environment at the Naval War College library. If you have any questions, if you didn't find the article or the journal that you're looking for, please contact us at Libref at usnwc.edu. And we will perhaps have to teach you how to do an interlibrary loan. Have a great day and good luck with your research.


If you've gotten this far in your computer science career, chances are somebody's mentioned abstraction once or twice without really bothering to explain what this is or why we care or how it works. Abstraction is fundamentally how we approach most problems in computer science. We can consider this as a general-purpose problem-solving strategy or specifically as a strategy for writing programs. The idea is that we start with some really high-level abstract idea of what our problem is. What is it that I want to do? What is it that I want to accomplish? And then we look at, okay, what do I need to actually do this? These steps that we come up with don't have to be things that I can actually do. In most cases, they'll be things that I really don't know how to do. So then I'll have this set of, say, four or five steps where I know that if I do each of these steps, then by the end, I know that I will have accomplished the original goal that I set out to do. But if I don't know how to do any of these particular problems already, I'm going to have to go back and break them down some more. So we just keep expanding our problems into a set of smaller problems, things that we have some more idea how to solve. We can basically just keep doing this until we get to something that we actually do know how to solve. Taken to the extreme, we would just start with something like the name of our program, and we would continue breaking it down into smaller and smaller pieces until we actually got down to just individual lines of code. In general, that's way more effort than we were interested in putting in. And we start taking shortcuts as we get more used to solving particular types of problems. We also start building structures that allow us to skip some of this. So our high level languages actually allow us to skip some of the lowest levels of implementation, because we don't have to worry about how a, because we don't have to worry about how a for loop actually runs on our machine, what all of the structure of our classes are. Often, we just have to know that I got this object over here, I build one, I stick some data in, I can call its operations, and it will do lots of fun stuff for me. I don't have to worry about how it's actually getting its job done. One of the things that we try to do with abstraction, we try to make it so we don't have to worry about how any individual part is getting its work done just as long as it does successfully get that work done.


Okay, very good morning. Hope you are well. It's actually Chung here the head of market analysis at Amplify Trading I'm going to be talking to you about a couple things getting up to speed with the major news headlines in play for the trading session ahead Today for Wednesday the 24th of June But also going to take this opportunity to have a look at COVID-19 But also looking at the US election and so the Implications that that could have on the outcome of the election that we're going to see later on November of this year of course, but starting firstly with the charts and we actually Saw a positive finish on Ball Street This comes despite as many as 31 states now with an R figure that kind of key figure that we monitor That they're trying to suppress then any further outbreak of the virus 31 states in America now above that one level regardless of that though and the fact that states Officials considering slowing and reversing reopening plans Cases still surging in some of those key areas, Texas, Florida, Arizona, California The indices actually finished higher now as that composite hit a record high its eighth straight gain Overnight in Asia. You've also had a couple of positive developments on the Korean Peninsula Which we were talking about this time yesterday And that's led to gains in Japan in that type of localized regional move given that they tend to be one of the nearest neighboring threats for any North Korean military type activity and South Korean cost be also up just shy of 2% as well on the back of that. We'll have a look at those stories in a second Just having a look then at the charts overall it is though a fairly Quiet open all things remaining equal despite the kind of gravity of some of those stories. I've already just mentioned equity index futures NASDAQ marginally positive Whereas the S&P is basically flat at the moment that that's pretty sideways really since the open albeit slightly lower by about 65 ticks T-notes down for gold up for dollars and in the currency markets to Dixie's pretty much flat So not too much in a way of any major changes yet in the currency pairs Euro here in the top center just coming up to retest around Asia Pacific high maybe just worth keeping half an eye on All right, let's get into some of the headlines then and get straight to it and going to kick off with this China has picked up its game on trade with the US according to a Trump advisor The US trade deal with China is not only fully intact But Beijing has actually stepped forward the number of areas in a constructive way and so Here we are again. We return back to the trade war cycle we've gone from Obviously those comments from Navarro that rocked the market briefly Momentarily in yesterday's overnight session to then him retracting those comments Trump coming back and tweeting to now This latest kind of commentary that we had yesterday So, you know on the more positive side any of that potential tail risk emanating for further escalation on the trade war Has kind of been eliminated at least for the moment But as this cycle would suggest and it's probably likely to come back in time Trump did actually hold another campaign rally the second one in as many days I think it is so of course China were in the crosshairs once again as he tries to kind of Twist the narrative to the Kung flu And these types of things and so again as I was suggesting in yesterday's briefing I think everything in this nature at the moment is purely political strategy And so as I was kind of intonating it's kind of just putting that throw out there As I said at the time, I didn't really think it had much in the way of any concrete kind of substance behind it It's just a kind of warning shot over the bowels to just say to China Look, we are willing to drop this entire thing if you don't play ball and then they quickly reverse it So at least that seed has been planted in the negotiations when the two countries are speaking but all all being equal We're back on for the moment to the point of where you know administration kind of hinting At a resolution of sorts and the market kind of stabilizing to that degree A few of the other things then to get up to speed on North Korea has decided to suspend military action plans against South Korea As their report suggested North Korean troops have taken down loudspeakers recently reinstalled on the fortified border So again, I don't really need to speak any more on this It kind of goes it's funny, isn't it? How it how it works the US come out with that fairly conciliatory comment yesterday and then North Korea all of a sudden Suspends military action against South Korea is kind of like okay You're saying that we'll do this and and so that kind of proxy element of the Korean Peninsula tension Being used as a kind of a side order if you liked of what's going on between this bigger Negotiation confrontation between the US and China the two things tend to be fairly Infitting in terms of a timing side of things and then overnight. We also had the RBNZ They had their interest rate decisions. No real great surprises here. They hold rates They're ready to deliver more stimulus if needed. They maintain their QE program at basically 60 billion And they outline their readiness to deploy alternative tools in August So yeah, as you would expect kind of the I guess the the status of most central banks at this point in time It's kind of like look we're delivering unconventional measures and we stand ready to do whatever it takes kind of mantra so Nothing too shocking there, but let's talk about the election and the reason why I want to talk about this is because As you've as I've said Trump has kind of hit the road show again And there's some quite telling things I think that you can expect on the timing and the rhetoric that will come from the US president and It does coincide with the financial times yesterday They've now released as we get into that run into the election. They've released their interactive calculator and latest polling data Which can basically look at states electoral college votes that are most essential to winning the presidency So this is where we can start looking in a little bit more granular detail now to just generally what some of the outright national polls are telling us in America and This is a really great. I'll share this link on the video and with everyone It's a really great tool Over the coming months for sure to keep an eye on things and as you can see at the moment Obviously the the polls are just quickly jumping over to the RCP Which is the real clear politics the main kind of aggregator of national polls in America and The average now has Biden head by roughly 10 points So so the gap if anything as we've looked at before is widening This current time now going back to here. What's going to be key then It always is in a US election is the toss-up areas And as you can see here, you've got Texas, Pennsylvania, Ohio, North Carolina, Arizona and so on Now what I was quite interested in looking at with this data was a identifying Who exactly are the toss-up states? Also, then you can almost put those in a hierarchy themselves because The way the electoral college system works is that certain areas will have more votes So Texas obviously is one of the largest in America I think only superseded by in college vote sense by California at 55 to Texas is 38 So Texas obviously super important as is Pennsylvania, Ohio, North Carolina also pretty sizable On terms of the tipping the fate of the balance of what could end up being the key areas to monitor Now what I was interested in was okay Now I know these areas are key Well, what exactly is the covid situation or just nationally? But can I get some kind of overlay data where I can track then The type of situation that's developing in those toss-up states and this led me to then Another new tool that the FT have just released yesterday And first of all I'm going to start with this one. This is looking at new covid cases In the us Overlaid with the uk and in fact what you can do is pretty cool on this tool You can just punch in any other countries And it will it will bring everything up and so you can define what it is that you want your visual graphic to look at look at Here you're seeing quite distinct disparity here, right? The the two lines are fairly Correlated in terms of the acceleration and the peak phases of the the initial first wave of the virus But the uk has continued to drop Whereas in the us Given the fact as well that they were both these countries fairly late to go into a more Stringent lockdown hence the acceleration phase was quite aggressive hence death rates and Case rates in the uk are more higher than the mainland europe and the us and the world But the us was the first obviously to reopen as well And so what we're seeing here is that case rates Never really dipped that much in america and if anything now we're coming back up to the peak Whereas the uk has kept going lower. So hence the differential between the political Um kind of government guidelines at the moment the uk boris johnson gave his first or his last Daily news conference that he's been delivering over the last few months And he's outlined on july 4th the various different rules of which then the uk is going to go To its next phase of loosening the lockdown whereas in america now You've got state officials considering slowing or reversing a reopening plans It's sort of the biggest most popular states in america. So complete difference there if we start looking at then The overall case rates the us has had its biggest rise in new covet 19 cases since early may According to a covet tracking project There were 775 deaths in the us over 24 hours The highest total of the week and a jump from the three month low of 284 reported on monday While the deaths are going down the concern is If those cases then affect people who wind up getting sick and go to hospital It is conceivable. You may see deaths going up That was according to anthony fouchi the kind of us main health advisor Now that leads me on to another quite interesting graphic that I saw. So here what they're saying is is that look cases in america going up At a rate of which was now at the seven seventh biggest since the pandemic began And as you can see it's been on the distinct increase here as the reopening has taken hold across the nation What hasn't actually gone in step with that though are deaths And this was quite an interesting graphic looking at the us overall So here you're overlaying in blue the number of cases But then you're looking at purple the number of deaths and there's a big divergence here There's being lots more reported cases, but much fewer deaths So I guess what has the I mean you could look at this in a you know type of positive fashion that perhaps then You know government authorities are better prepared. They're better able to act They have been out better facilities set up and ready in place to help try to at least control the severity of the disease or the virus in order that it does not end up culminating in in someone's passing But I guess the other side of that could be well look The the the science would probably say that if the cases continue to increase in the fashion And if you look at the steepness of the trajectory, it's not far off the initial first wave Increase rate Then deaths will ultimately start to increase You know, I don't think there's there's too much to dispute that that fact if this figure keeps rising Then obviously this death number you would anticipate would also start rising So the question mark here. I thought was quite interesting in this graphic was No deaths at the moment, you know if markets are quite Comfortable with the current COVID situation and they kind of appear to be without, you know Things are stable fairly at the moment NASDAQ composite NASDAQ's been training at record highs You know if that death rate starts picking up Maybe that could be a trigger signal then for a little bit of nervousness to come back in and risk off to come back into the market And reflecting that as well is the fact that there's been a declining Number of COVID related hospitalizations, but flatlining over the past 10 days You know, we had been declining So what we're kind of seeing here, I guess there are a couple of phases cases are on the up Hospitalizations which were declining have levelled, but deaths are decreasing So if you think about it, you kind of need the case you need to contract it first Then you need to go to hospital and the third final thing would be Obviously resulting in a death and so there's a couple of Signs here that the death count probably will start rising because it hosts hospitalizations after declining Pretty much since April are now starting to level off If anything pick up and certainly we've been hearing some of that in certain states in America Like your floridas your arizona's and so on and then the death count probably will start to shift I guess the balance at the moment that i'm looking at here is and I saw a good quote It's bad news isn't so bad if you think it's going to result in more stimulus So everything I've talked about is quite negative, right? We're talking about the worsening of the current COVID situation in America and the world's biggest most important economy But if it does eventually lead then to more stimulus And that could be in the form of the federal reserve who've obviously got really creative with lots of different means to support the economy But the trump administration as well discussing another stimulus package with lawmakers that could be passed in july Was what the treasury secretary steven munutian was talking about yesterday So one way here is basically Just spend spend spend as far as the government is concerned now It will deal With the ramifications of that spending later on down the line at the moment You know if your sole objective is just securing a second term Well, then it's needs must at this point and there's a couple of interesting things I can show you on that front so One of the going back to the ft's graphics and going back to this idea of what i'm going to be looking at over the months ahead Is taking these toss-up or leaning states So these ones either side are quite key in the center And this does include things places like texas florida So a number of arizona a number of those hot spots in which we've been focusing on which have seen the most violent pickups In terms of the covet cases now. This could be a very detrimental to donald trump And if we look at those case trajectories, you can see arizona Um has shot up very sharply texas Um, the trajectory is probably even slightly more steeper, but you can see ahio pennsylvania also the same So these are all highly contested battleground areas and Obviously the the master and chief if you like president trump the buck does stop with him in terms of the decision making In regard to the speed of reopening these economies as much as he might try to pass that on to state officials in the end He is leading and steering the ship here. So it's his political Kind of neck on the line in that respect. So this is what I think it's going to be quite telling and what does that lead to? Well, look trump was in uh, tulsa. I think oklahoma giving a camp first of his physical campaign rallies yesterday and Where was he last night? Well arizona think about it if you were a trump Strategist and you knew that this was developing these patterns on a covet Level and this obviously is the clear and present danger right now in the public perception in the in the public's mind arizona is The the kind of key one that's at the moment Surging, you know, if you look at these arizona rates It is way in the far above higher than where we were in the first wave So the cumulative number continues of a seven day rolling average of new cases to grow quite rapidly So here then where was trump last night? Well, yeah, you guessed it He was at arizona And what was he saying? He was blasting china for spreading the virus. He was he was using Normal racist tropes at a political rally to describe the health crisis as a con con flu He labeled the u.s. Anti racism protesters as tyrants the kind of main undercurrent here And you can probably expect something similar going forward is a this anti-chinese rhetoric that be a theme that's always been a kind of a clear and present line held by pretty much every u.s president Since a change in the civil rights laws back in america going back to the what the 60s So nixon reagan bush even the democrat clinton was it was the same And that's a theme in america of law and order Law and order it is kind of the classic textbook go-to of what we've seen throughout recent modern history of u.s politics and so Yeah, expect more of it basically and what i'm saying is that what i would be thinking is that well trump's My meaning of trump commentary which as we've seen markets are still sensitive to comments from him or senior members of his His team and the administration or advisors can move the market So just be mindful then of what are the what's the underlying situation of covet in these key Toss up or leaning areas because you're more likely or not going to see trump focused on those specific areas with his campaigning And his commentary And and of that theme of law and order as i said One of the other interesting things then on the back of this discussion is The reelection prospects as i've just shown you biden is Looking like a clear favorite at the moment And there are a couple of things that bloomberg were looking at that i thought were were quite interesting and that i would share This is one called the It's called the misery index The unemployment rate added to the year over year change in the main consumer price index And that is expected to be at a record all-time high in november when the election is happening Which is definitely not a good sign because history would tell us then when basically there's there's high unemployment levels and Added to the year over year change in main Consumer price index so if you're going to add all this stimulus to the system at some point You would think later down the line inflation is going to rise So if you think about it from a consumer man on the street level Not only you're unemployed, but the cost of living is more expensive So things have you know, it's more difficult your your quality of life is deteriorated by your your situation economically So that leads to an increase in the misery index And what we've seen then and this is very typical really if you think of the Political shifts that we see and this goes across the board in in all major kind of western developed countries is Whenever we shift from say right to left politics in the uk We go from a conservative to a labor government like we did transition in the kind of mid to late 90s Then you have to go through kind of an economic shift Uh, because that's then the the tell-tale sign that the policies of the incumbent have failed essentially And and typically if you overlay that over a long-term business cycle Well, if a government in the uk is in charge for 10 years Well, you've pretty much hit then you know in the case of I don't know someone like new labor and tony Blair coming in It's right on the the back of a flagging economy under the Stewardship of the conservative party for many years The economy then starts to pick up only then for the financial crisis to hit And then we go through these ebbs and flows and it's similar with the the kind of previous Bush administration and when the barma came in and then you get this push to then People's equality their way of life more social issues come to the front because of this large scale of unemployment in the Post-financial crisis era in this case in the pandemic era, which could then lead to a political shift So these would all be things that obviously are quite Quite negative for trump at this point You know, this is looking at something a little bit different This is looking at the biden shift because we have seen It you know him pulling away a little bit in these more recent polls Particularly as this reopening has happened because as I said the containment and control of covid-19 is pivotal not only for the psyche of the consumer To to spend but also for them for for shops and businesses to get back going again and get the economy firing 16 Battleground states found that their labor market in all of them has deteriorated since the start of covid-19 Crisis, I don't think that comes as a great deal of surprise You can see here navada Employment rates surging by far the most but as you would imagine given los vegas and so on And the nature of how that localized economy generates its its money But at the same time 10 out of the 16 on those battleground states have seen a shift in sentiment towards Joe biden So as you can see then these blue lines Here they're shifting to the left moving toward more Being quite in favor of what was initially republican and trump kind of losing a little bit of support So, you know these things are it's so key to to monitor going forward On so many different levels, but I guess from a trump strategy There are a few other things that are Perhaps a little bit more favorable and if I just scroll down I think I've got one more graphic here Which is that this is looking at Finally stock prices home prices and wage growth So here yes the unemployment So we're looking at here the the blue bar would be indicative of when an incumbent party loses the presidency The orange one hold it and let's call it the white color is is the estimate for 2020 So unemployment obviously is expected to surge that's that's not a surprise here And that is obviously a key area of focus But if you look elsewhere just given the mammoth scale of stimulus that the government has been implementing And looking to do more Then we'll raise real wage growth Is going to be sky high Real s and p 500 look the stock markets are pretty much record highs and real home prices are growing And these are things which tend to in history tell us that people look upon these types of facts favorably So that kind of idea remember what trump has always done You know the stock market is a validation of success of his policies if you think about it as i've said earlier Even if covet gets worse as long as the market can still be propped up By support from the government and the federal reserve Then that's going to be such a key objective for trump to do So you know pressure trump putting pressure on drone power to do more of course trump putting Tightening the screws on the rhetoric on china to just make sure that that's a key Kind of campaign pledge fulfilled as he did in 2016 for sure So blaming the virus something that's totally out of his control to you know kind of remove accountability You know these these are all the things that you can expect more of Going forward So yeah, hopefully that is interesting and makes a bit of sense long story short Get hold of that ft calculator updates multiple times throughout the day I spoke to the head of data at the ft yesterday Uh, and he he informed me of that And then you can do as well those more specific searches where you can pinpoint specific areas of interest you want to monitor moving on UK final things then here boris johnson gambles on lifting lockdown to save the uk economy um, this was from his his kind of final More regular update on covet that he was giving um, this then Goes to a couple of things it kind of speaks Toward the fact that testing capacity has has been greatly expanded now in the uk It has more ventilators the treatment of covet 19 now is better understood So hence the reason why you know when you talk about the wave pattern of a virus Typically the first wave is much bigger because it's very much in many senses reactive Why aren't governments prepared for this? Well nature of short term is politics preparing for a pandemic is kind of way lower down the agenda And so we tend to have to react and we're behind the curve and hence the acceleration on the first phase Is always much larger than the ensuing waves that come so at the moment The uk as i've said has been shaping up relatively Positive in terms of the trajectory of the cases It's almost the opposite of what we're seeing united states of america at the moment as you can see here So boris has a key objective and that is to get the economy back on its feet um, and people are going to go out and spend and this does go against though I mean i say it goes against it's probably the advice of the scientific Community in the uk and his own health advisors that look this doesn't mean if you just ignore this now and go back to Life as as usual then we will have a significant second wave So they're trying to kind of reassure keep people Alert if you like to the prospects of this has not gone away. They said the scientists that Basically coven 19 will be here way into 2021 But boris has taken that leap of faith now and this could be pivotal And so really what's going to be key a lot of the timing around this is based upon The beginning of july when we start looking at further loosening of the lockdown So I guess through mid to late july will be particularly interesting to see where we're at at that point in time in regard to The covid situation in the uk and whether or not those case numbers start rising That as well if they did Does add kind of some complication towards the brexit negotiations which at that point you would imagine are still going to be ongoing You know, and it's still a lot of uncertainty of whether or not they'll be able to get a Kind of a very basic level agreement done or there's still the option of either no deal or or requesting an extension beyond that point And so the covid situation might well dictate a lot of that Okay, the calendar for today German iPhone coming out shortly Remember we had the PMIs yesterday And they would they they were quite interesting really. I mean you had the the french numbers were very strong the german numbers Maybe not so much In regard to the market had already really rose quite aggressively in the euro on the the french numbers And it was kind of like well German numbers were a little bit lukewarm both numbers manufacturing service still in contractionary territory below 50 And don't forget as far as a pmi Index figure is concerned. You are coming from a very low base from the prior months so numbers spiking higher and recovering to me Don't really carry a great deal of weight while i'm more concerned in those. What is the the coming months pattern of those PMIs? It's going to be more telling So the german iPhone is coming out nine. It's always quite interesting again This is a june figure. So just given the further reopening of the german economy You would anticipate then that confidence would have risen Comparative to where we were back in may so again an increase in these numbers I don't think should be taken as an immediate trigger point as to say right Bang i'm just going to get a long euro long tax so to speak Because there's a long way to go to see what i think the future is going to Be like to then what actually it is in reality And I think everyone is aware of the fact that the Coronavirus situation is very fluid and can change very quickly Particularly as we saw in that abattoir situation In germany at the weekend which saw that momentary blip in their r-rate to 2.88 Otherwise the actual date itself is is actually pretty quiet I'll go over the api numbers and ahead of the does later on this afternoon But speaker wise you've got the chief economist of the ecb speaking shortly Feds evans is speaking of current economic conditions and monetary policy Could be quite interesting but is a non-voting member Equally so feds bullard non-voter is speaking but that'll be towards the the final hour of trade on wall street Later this evening at 8 p.m. London. He is speaking about covet 19 though and the economy So yeah, that that's it from me Hopefully Yeah, I know it's a bit of u.s. Election heavy. I don't think the election so much is a Is a real pivotal thing to trade today specifically But hopefully those resources will help and hopefully the explanation makes a little bit of sense of how to kind of Be in a best position to anticipate then when these types of commentaries could come from administration And where the focal points will likely be Okay, guys. Have a good day and I'll see you here tomorrow. Thanks


Hey, so congratulations. You decided to buy a Sony PVM 2030. This is one of the most iconic PVMs simply because of the black cube design. It also has a unique set of features that aren't on every other PVM and is truly an unsung hero and one of the more underrated PVMs that were ever made. However, you might be asking yourself, how do I properly set this up? Consider it. It's a 30 year old monitor and there's not much documentation online about how to properly use this in 2021. Now, in order to get this properly set up, we don't want to start with the front of the monitor. We need to go around and look at the back. So let's switch around now and take a look at the back side. On the back of the monitor, you've got two important sections. First, the top section, which is more about adjustments and settings a little bit. The only thing I will tell you first off is to make sure that the controls up here, let's say remote and manual at the top are both in the on position. I'll zoom in a little bit so you can see that exactly right next to the Sony label. Make sure they are both snapped in the on position and that means you can control the TV with a remote and the manual buttons on the front side. For now, let's not concern ourselves with the rest of these. We'll get into that a little bit later. First off, let's focus on this area down here and talk about the different inputs. First we have our computer input on the far left. This is a D sub connector. I believe it's 25 pins. There is a switch on here that says sync on green. Most of the time, you're going to be using sync on green off. So you'll have normal sync going into this monitor not sync on green. This is what we'll be using for our RGB input. It accepts RGB and it accepts digital RGB. So you may even have a retro computer that outputs digital RGB that you could hook up to this D sub with a separate adapter. But what we're going to do is use a SCART adapter into this and that will give us our RGB input. Under that, you've got control S in and out which are just controls that are pretty much obsolete at this point that Sony had control S where you could daisy chain different devices such as VHS players and other controllers that were made by Sony and link them together for use with a single remote. Next, we've got our two composite inputs line A and line B. Again, we've got a switch where it says off and on and then 75 ohms. That is your terminator. So it has built-in termination. So you do not need to add 75 ohm terminators on here. What you do need to do is leave it on if you're not daisy chaining the outputs to another device. Or if you are daisy chaining, then make sure that you turn the switch to off and then daisy chain into your secondary device from the output. Now you could see these are not normal connections. If you just getting into broadcast quality video, you will not be probably familiar with these. These are B and C style connectors and you can use a B and C style cable or what we will do is we will convert this to an RCA input. That way we can feed in a normal composite cable, a normal analog video cable into these and those adapters will be slid on and just snapped on and we'll show you that when we connect everything. Under that you've got left and right audio. You can input your audio into this monitor and then output to another device again. There's our line A. Line B is designed the exact same way as line A. And then we've got a VTR in and this is another input that is switchable. Most of the time you're going to be using it switch to the left so you can access the S video input on the back of this monitor. It also has stereo audio inputs and then it has this green connector which is an obsolete VTR connector for a videotape recorder that was a commercial style video recorder used back in the 80s. Under the VTR you'll notice these red and black inputs that is for your stereo audio out. This monitor has a built-in amplifier so you can get stereo audio directly out of the monitor which is not a normal feature of really any other PVM other than these 30 series and maybe the 2950. Speakers you need to use 8 to 16 ohm speakers that's really your only qualification or specification that you need to worry about for the speakers. And then you've got a right positive and negative input and a left positive and negative input. Those are very simple to install and it is a very nice feature of this monitor to have that. Finally we have an additional AC output that works. So this is a hot output whenever your monitor is plugged in you can add another plug into this that operates on 120 volts and that will give you a live electricity right out of that even if the monitor is turned off. This monitor does include a built-in power cable so please note that and then there are racks on the side to store the power cable when you want to turn it or move it you can wrap the cord around there and safely secure it. Now the only two inputs on this monitor that have outputs are line A for composite and line B for composite. You cannot daisy chain out either the computer input or the S video so you cannot go out of this monitor and daisy chain into another if with just using the RGB or the S video. All right that's a good explanation let's start hooking some things up. First off this is the D sub adapter that is sold by different suppliers online. It's converting the D sub into RGB sync and it is not c-sync just but it will accept c-sync and this simply plugs in and it gives you your video feed into your computer output so when we use the computer input I'm sorry the computer input when we use that on our monitor we have now got a SCART plug to plug either our console or our SCART switcher in you'll notice we have a left and a right audio in or you know into the monitor and we can use this with this monitor even though there's not a physical audio signal built in to the computer input we can use one of the any of these other audios for one that we're not using or one that we might daisy chain so let me show you for example I'm going to plug in to the A line my left and my right audio and this would be an example of how to set up properly to use RGB and get your audio signal show you that when we turn it on we'll leave it set like that and that would mean that you're probably not going to use line A but I can show you a way to use line A for both composite and to do your audio that would be simply adding say a Y connector and you need to add one of these to each left and right and that way you connect the right from your computer adapter in then you could connect your other side right audio from your composite input so that would not be this side but that would be the input cable from your composite device that you're feeding into it and then you just attach I just attach the B and C to RCA adapter so that it can have normal cables slide on and off of it so you could put your composite video in here and then your right audio from your composite device could go in there and then you'd have another Y connector like this on here and you do the same thing for the left side audio so you have left and right audio breaking out for both that way you could use this but a lot if you don't have any other reason to input into that and you just want to use it for only the computer input and you're not going to use the video input then you can set it up like that and you'll be fine now again if you want to use the RCA or the B and C adapter you can use the RCA adapter and then you'll have the video you can plug in here and then left and right audio and then S video is just connected into there and you could do the same thing on the outputs have it going out to something on each one of these and you can again either use a B and C cable or one of these RCA adapters the last thing you want to connect are your left and your right speakers and that would just be connected by pushing down these slipping in the cable copper end and then letting them go and they'll hold them in place and obviously you can plug anything that you need to into this so now we're going to go ahead and turn this around and we'll run a demo on how to get your audio working through this adapter setup now we could get the monitor turned on and start looking at some of our controls we could press power and it will take a second for the monitor to come on and we have a control over here if you press the control button it will light up your control buttons that you could use to make adjustments or change inputs on the side here on the right hand side you have a volume control and a picture control the picture control is pretty much another contrast control there's not an actual contrast control listed on here so picture works as contrast under that you've got four lit up selections and these are your input selections you've got line A line B VTR and computer at the bottom the ones that you're currently on will be blinking so we have line A and computer blinking so to switch to whatever inputs you'd simply select that input press the button it'll switch over to that input right now we're on line A which would be composite analog video line B is composite analog video VTR is S video or the VTR input and then computer is our computer input you notice every time you press computer you'll get one of these flashing with it it's whichever one you press before computer so if I press B and then computer it would be B and computer flashing VTR and computer VTR and computer flashing and that is how you connect the audio so we have our audio connected to line A so we want line A flashing and we want computer flashing so whatever inputs you have your audio connected to that needs to be flashing with your computer input over here are just some picture controls and some other sound controls from this point below these last three are all to do with sound you've got left and right balance base and treble controls for your amplifier above that we have subscript controls you have hue color brightness and sharpness just so you know if you are using the computer input you will not get to use hue color or sharpness that is only for S video or composite video those three selections so pressing them will literally do nothing when you are using the computer input what you can do is adjust your brightness and your picture or contrast on any input that you're using there's also a reset button at the top that will reset it if you get your color or hear hue or your brightness or your picture if you change that a lot and you want to get back to what the normal setting is when you turn the monitor on you simply hit reset and it will do that now let's turn our super nintendo on and we should get a picture on our screen here there we go now please note that when you initially power this monitor on and any monitor that's from the 1990s and that older age there is generally a warm-up period this one will take about 15 seconds for it to warm up and finally show an image on initial startup then you can leave it running and it'll look beautiful but these older monitors do take a little bit of time to warm up and then generally you want to give them at least five minutes to really warm up before you just really make any adjustments that way the CRT is warmed up everything's good on it and that is completely normal even a service CRT can take that time to warm up we've got our picture on here this is RGB and again we are using audio through line a all that is working and that is a majority of how we would control this monitor we would not get any other controls in this monitor there is no submenu built into it that is one of the down features on this monitor but it does again have many other good features that we've already discussed one other feature that it has that we have not talked about is it's limited support for a remote control I don't have the official remote anymore for this television there is or this monitor there is an official one that came with the monitor to begin with but what I have is a Sony television remote from a similar television this remote is why 137a now I can't use 95 percent of the buttons on this but what I can do is if I have it set to TV I could do a couple things first off I have a muting button and if I press it it hits mute so I can control mute with this but remote I can also power it off and put it into standby mode which turns the tube off but you'll notice it's still powered on and you just hit power and it'll come back on and we'll take a second to turn on like that so once it's on I can control the if you press up and down on volume I can control up and down on the volume control and again turn it on and off now if you have the official remote it will let you cycle through inputs and it will give you the picture control on the remote control but that's it there's nothing else on there that's pretty much all there is to the remote that's official unfortunately my remote will not let me change inputs or do the picture control but you could probably get a Sony code for any universe remote and get at least the functionality to control the volume and turn the monitor on and off without getting up and pushing the power button you can leave it in standby mode and it'll be perfectly fine and safe let's look at the back panel on top again one more time and go over the important things on here we've already talked about the control features make sure they again are set to on and then just a quick look at your model number label over here it should say 2030 give you some other information the important thing on here is that the ac current on this monitor is rated for 120 volts 50 slash 60 hertz so it should support PAL consoles as well as NTSC and 150 watt max so that's all you need to know about power next to it we have these one two three four five controls and only two of them are important so let's talk about those two first that would be this v-hold knob which spins and then our degauss button which is a push button and then you just let it go the rest of these are pretty much useless start with degauss degaussing is a process to try to use a magnetic burst to push all your electrons back to where they're supposed to be so if you have a purity or a discoloration on the screen please use this degausser that is built into the monitor you simply have your monitor turned on let it warm up for 30 seconds and then you just push in this button now sony says to properly do it you need to hold the button down for about 20 seconds and then let it go and then don't do that again for another say 15 minutes but that is going to clear up 99% of any color issues that you have on your monitor if you if you have it that does happen when you move a monitor or maybe introduce a speaker to it temporarily you might get a discoloration just come in here and use this degausser to correct the color again we have this notch and new dynamic color these i've never been able to get these to actually do anything they do have some claims in the manual to do something but they don't really do anything when you try to use them the best thing you can do is just leave them to their normal settings which just like over here is going to be the highlighted or blocked out selection so new dynamic color you can just leave it to the on setting notch leave it to the off setting over here again horizontal center i wish this did work for regular analog video but it only works for digital rgb but the v-hold will work on any signal and what that is is if you turn on your monitor and you have an issue with vertical scrolling like the picture will look uh go up and down a fast sometimes it could just be a little bit of a scroll when you switch an input you might notice a slow scroll to the next input down or it might scroll up spin this until your image is stable and then that will fix all those issues so if you get one of these monitors and scroll in real bad that's very common because a lot of times these will get spun or turned easily and it'll just throw this the setting off and it's an easy fix just turn your v-hold and that'll be it well there you go now you should be able to turn on your monitor navigate through the inputs a little bit and use it for gaming it's also really great for old analog video that is in the form of a vhs or even old four by three dvds and laser discs any of that older video format will really look superb on this monitor you can definitely use those analog inputs for other things again like a vcr or a laser display or most of those are only composites so that's a great thing to plug into that line a and line b and in the s video you can plug in anything that it really has s video support and it will of course look great as good right below the rgb which will look the best on this crt the tube itself is under right under 600 tv lines for resolution again it is a true 20 inch size so it's one inch bigger than 95 percent of the sony pvms that are out there most of them are only 19 inches this one does need to be adjusted internally for geometry and other colors and things like that with the tube so it's not something that you're just going to be able to make a lot of adjustments while you're using it it's going to have one overall adjustment setting for the screen and then you just kind of work with that there are some devices that you could get to help you change the geometry a little bit that are electronic that are outside of the monitor i'd suggest maybe adding something like that but all in all it's a great monitor it's a perfect for most people because it's pretty simple to use and there's not really anything you could screw up with it it's a real good workhorse especially one that's been restored like the one you see here and that's pretty much it go ahead that would use it enjoy it and i will see you guys next time with some more retro content