The Freeride World Tour takes the best freeriders, male and female, ski and snowboard, and pitches them up on some of the most spectacular mountain faces in the world. We delve behind the scenes to find out how these amazing athletes do what they do. This is face value! Listen up Scallywags, we're here at the Freeride World Tour Geography Department and I am Professor Greyham. Okay, so the tour is actually starting in Japan all the way over here. Sushi Hakuba, let's go. Then we're gonna end up here, British Columbia, Golden Kicking Horse. Then we're gonna go all the way over here. Just here, a very small country, it is, in fact, Andorra. And the resort is called Ordino Anais. Ordino Valice. Ordino Arcalice. Ordino Arcalice. From Andorra, the tour is going to pop up north, Austria, Fieberbrunn. And then we're going to finish up the World Tour, the World Tour final in Burberry, Switzerland. We're about to head out on a run with Japanese freeski legend Yusosaki. He knows this place at the back of his hand, so hopefully we're gonna get some goods. Let's go. Let's get the pow. We're rolling, you're good. Yeah, I was like, uh-oh, backflip toy. So this is traditional Japanese barbecue? Yes, called Yakitori. Hakuba is pretty much the biggest area to go skiing on the South Island. Yeah, I think so. And there's like 10 resorts around here? I think more than 10. There's so many ski resorts, it gets closer. For me, when I see Japanese snowboarders in skis, everyone has a lot of style. Just the way you guys are turning and how you connect with the snow. Yeah, that's true, because the outer bounds are pretty less, so people skiing inbound. How? Enjoying from the inbound. Best of luck tomorrow. I can't wait to see you shredding. Yeah, of course. I hope to see you on the podium. Gloss fingers. Yeah. Okay. I'm about to go meet up with the current World Tour champion and also two times winner here at the stop in Hakuba is Arianna Chikomi. Let's see what she's got to say. Yo, Pedi! How are you? Good to see you, man. Wow! Yeah. Thanks for joining me. Yeah, I've got some nice tea for you. Oh, nice. Matcha. Matcha! So are you one of the people who started to ski as soon as you could walk? I started telemarking when I was six. Yeah. And my mom showed me, I guess, like all the aspects of skiing when I was really young. Where do you see your skiing going this year? I have a plan, actually. I'd love to maybe bring a little more style, even more shifties, more tail grabs. I'd love to do some 360s. And of course, the dream would be to do a backflip, but that's more of a personal thing for me, because it's been a trick that I've been struggling with it. I just want to ski the way I want to ski, and I never really adapted my skiing for the tour. And I really want to stay true to that without thinking too much about the triple and the points and blah, blah, blah. And just keep that style and hopefully, yeah, get better. Obviously, having fun while skiing is really important to you. How important is it to win, then? Because I find sometimes those mentalities clash. I'm super happy I won twice. I mean, if you win, I think that's, of course, a big motivation. But the days that I won were not the best days for me, because I had so many nice powder days with my friends, where you like, ski in the trees, and you hear everyone screaming for joy, and then you see their faces at the end of the run. This is what is skiing for me. I don't know. I want to go skiing now. I'm pumped to go skiing tomorrow, and you're going to show me around. All right, that's a deal. Cheers. All right, some Japanese powder.  I'm going to find something for you to eat, and you have to find something for me to eat. This is it? Yeah. Ten minutes on the clock. Let's go. Fish heads. Come with me. Oh, God. Ah, crickets. Here you go. I got it. I can't get those, like, that's just really mean. Oh, Christ, we're done. I don't have anything. Crickets. I found a bag of pickled eggs. That's okay. That's not the world. Yeah, I prefer to eat that, compared to that. Really? Yeah. All right. They're not too bad. They're sweet.  Yeah, I like it. She's finishing it off. Well, now we're fully stocked up on proteins. Marion's got to go do the Freeride World Tour. I think you'll be ready. I'm ready. There are two ways to get on to the Freeride World Tour. You either get a wild card, which basically means you're invited, or you go through a qualification process.  I remember the first video I saw of you was the run in Hockfuggen and that massive backflip. It was actually the biggest backie I ever did, maybe. Even my lens popped out in the landing from the impact. What's it going to feel like when you're in the stock gate? This is such a great beginning to be finally here, skiing with all the homies from the tour. And here it's all about the good times. And that's what I really like about skiing. There are so many legends on the whole tour. It's going to be really cool to compete with them and ski with them. Yeah, if you would have asked me, even two years ago, I'm going to compete with Tenner. I would have laughed about you. How would you best describe your skiing and your style? Yeah, I definitely want to bring some creative stuff and some big hits. That's my favorite type of skiing, but I'm always keen to try something new. Well, I'm really looking forward to seeing you ski this year. Thank you. Definitely one of my favorite riders in the start list. And yeah, let's get up there and get a couple of turns in. Oh, yeah, it's the old team. Let's do it. Pretty nice. We're at a good vantage point to see the face from. The snowboarders are just dropping in and just been hanging out with the skiers. And it's quite different to how I imagined it, actually. Like everyone's super friendly and they're all talking about the lines they want to do and what they've been scoping. And I was expecting it to be like cold as ice up here, but it's very relaxed, very chilled out. Have you been watching the guys riding? Yeah, there's some nice side kids. Boom, boom. Kind of changed my line a little bit on the stock. That's good. That's a good sign, though, huh? I always do when I watch other people. Yeah. I just have to ask you about the 360. Because, yeah, I think I can do it. Yeah, for sure. It just feels great to be here skiing with all those legends you were always looking up to. And then you're here and having a good time with them. Sick, dude. I'm looking forward to the rest of the tour. Yes, thank you so much. How are you feeling after the supermarket challenge? Because I was feeling a bit ropey. I'm sorry for you. But it didn't affect your run anyway. No, no, it's OK. My stomach was so good and I got so much energy from Japanese food. You just won again? Yeah. Awesome stuff. Super stoked. It was super cool today. Amazing snow and I got so much fun. How was the run?  You managed to hit everything. Get the three in there. Almost. I did the three. It was really cool. I'm super happy about it, actually. But then I missed the cliff afterwards because it just came up super fast.  So I didn't want to force something just to get more points. So I just enjoyed my run and I wish it would have been at least double as long or even more. Yo, Mike, check one, two. I'll get ten. I chose the clothes. What's it got? What's up, Free Ride fans? If you like what you saw on the Free Ride World Tour, you want to see some more action from the snow world, then hit the subscribe link below. Follow Red Bull Snow. You can get all the action.


Today we have the Dominican Republic, Belize, and Antigua. We're shooting the Benelli M1014, the M9 pistol, and the M4 rifle. Our role with training on the range, we're here to help facilitate the way they run a range. We're working with the Canadians. We partnered with them to help them show how RSOs, ARSOs, work on a range, range safety, and range control, how all that plays together into operating the range properly and safely. The biggest thing was the weapons handling. The first day was very relaxed, very assured that the weapons were clear and safe. We showed them that, you know, you never know if a weapon is truly safe unless you clear it properly. By today, they're handling these weapons more safely. They've also improved on their effectiveness on getting on the line and shooting, and you know, these are the things that we wanted to teach them. It's going extremely well, actually. I was surprised at the level of marksmanship skill and weapons handling skill that is with the partnership nations. For the most part, we have not had to start from basics. We chose a level which is intermediate and it's worked real well and we've progressed well throughout the last five days. I believe from what I've seen and from my perspective is going extremely well. We have a limited window to spend time with them, so their interoperability on the range and their cross-pollination is actually working very well. And I think that they're beginning to develop friendships along the way as well. The Canadians have been very accommodating. We've learned a lot. We've learned how they run their range, how they call their commands. Little tweaks are different, but aside from that, it's really great to meet someone who's had a different life experience and how we all can come together and share those experiences, and then we can learn from their experience. I see ourselves as coworkers, but not just as coworkers. I consider them a friend now.


I definitely don't set out to make a coat every year, but somehow one always ends up on my cutting table. As soon as this one was released just a couple of weeks ago, I knew I would be making it and I cannot wait to tell you all about my version. But real quick, if you're new here, I'm Lindsay. Hello, welcome. I sew all my own clothes and I am so glad you found me. Be sure to introduce yourself in the comments so that I can give you a formal hello. And for everyone watching, be sure to like this video so that YouTube will show it to other people. Videos highlighting my makes and sewing patterns go up every Monday. I already have dozens for you to watch if you want a little binge. Check out the playlist in the top right corner of your screen. It opens in a brand new tab so you will not lose your place here. Okay, let's get into this make. The pattern is a Vogue 1866 and the website describes it as a loose fitting lined double breasted A-line coat with mandarin collar set in flared sleeves, side seam pockets, and length variations. View A is hip length and has purchased a flexible braid trim. View B is mid knee length. As I said, as soon as I saw this in Vogue's early spring collection, I knew I'd need to make it. Something about how sort of mod it is and simple, but I don't know, it just has a little bit of something-something. I knew it would be easy to sew and just give my winter wardrobe a little something special without taking weeks and weeks to sew. The fabric was actually from my stash. It's an Italian wool from Mood that I got a couple of years ago with plans for another coat. That obviously never happened and honestly, I like it for this design better than the original one anyways. Isn't it funny how that happens sometimes? Truly, the hardest part of making this coat was matching the plaids. But making things a little bit easier was that sort of obvious and distinct white stripe. So I used that as my starting point and took everything else from there. I did not want that bold stripe to go right across my bust apex. So I made sure to position it just above and below, kind of splitting the difference between the width of two white stripes and putting my bust apex there. From there, I matched side seams, the center back seam and the arm size and I am just thrilled with how all the stripe matching turned out. It definitely takes a little bit more time but it is so worth it in the end. This fabric is not available online anymore but I found three other large scale plaid wool coatings from Mood, Stylemaker Fabrics and Fabric.com that I also love. Links to each of these is in the description box. So fitting this coat was obviously not very difficult. The whole thing is very loose fitting. So the most important part of it was, well, I guess there's two important parts but the first one is the shoulder. If you can get the shoulder to fit right, the rest will fall as intended. So just be sure to double check the shoulder link, the slope and position. A few minutes of tissue fitting will go a long way with this one. The other sort of important thing about fitting with this one is just the length of it all. I found the sleeve link to be just about perfect for me. I don't typically have issues with sleeve thing too short or too long. I think I have pretty average, you know, length arm but be sure to check that on yourself. And I did wanna ask you guys one question and that is the length of the body of the coat. It's supposed to be hip length, which it is but maybe for me, it should be a few inches longer or maybe even a few inches shorter would be really cool. I just don't think I like all the extra width of the hem hitting at the literal widest part of my body but I could just be overthinking it. I don't know, what do you guys think? Another thing that I wanna point out that kinda goes along with the shoulder fitting part is that this pattern calls for shoulder pads. There is nothing to be afraid of when using shoulder pads in coats like this. And it's important to remember that the pattern is drafted for that extra fullness in your shoulders. So if you do not include it, the shoulders can kinda look a little bit droopy and maybe not hit your shoulder exactly where it should. The shoulder pads in this are just a half inch thick and definitely not what you remember from blazers in the 80s. So don't be afraid to throw them in. No one will ever notice. It just gives that extra structure right at the top of your coat. All right, now for the not so good parts of this coat. First, and this is one of the weirdest things I've ever seen, but the pocket bags extend beyond the length of the hem. I have literally never come across this before so of course I didn't think to double check it but you can see the bottom of the pocket bag kind of bunches up inside the hem. I'm gonna have to reopen the hem or a side seam in the lining or something and cut the pocket bag back. I don't think I did anything wrong. I think that they're just longer than the hem and the designers didn't check it like they should. I don't know what happened but it's definitely weird that they are kind of bunching up in the hem and it feels weird and kind of looks a little bit bulky as well. The second thing I wanna point out is that the coat bodice is not interfaced. I'm guessing they did that to make it more of spring weight and a little bit cooler to wear but you can tell that it is lacking structure. Not the end of the world but if you know you like a structured coat or if that's what you're going into or you're using a fabric that's pretty loosely woven you're gonna want to add some interfacing. Just wanna point that out. Other than that though everything turned out as expected. I made view A and admitted the trim because I felt like that would be a little bit too much with all the plaid but I did not hesitate to make those covered buttons from view B. Covered buttons on a plaid coat are just so special. They sell like a little covered button kit that includes like all the parts that you need plus a little tool and it just makes quick and easy work of making your own covered buttons and really elevates the look I think. Oh and if you are curious about the dress that I am wearing underneath this coat you will have to come back next week for that pattern review. I'm gonna do them separately but I've got a ton of links in the description box including the pattern and three different similar fabrics. I've also linked the fabric covered button kit. Try and say that three times fast. Be sure to give the description box a glance before you go. I've also linked to my most recent pattern review which was for a cute pajama set. So if you haven't seen that video click on the bottom right of your screen it'll take you right there. But that is gonna do it for me today y'all. Thank you so much for watching. I will see you all very soon. Bye.


No, I feel good, man. Just defensively as a whole. It was a beautiful sight to see to see everybody out there making plays. And, you know, when you ever to see something like that, you know, it's just contagious. And I figured that, you know, we keep this kind of energy up, taking it into the next game and continuing to do the things that we're doing now. Great outcome is going to come a lot of time. No, we weren't surprised at all to be honest, just because the work that we put in throughout the week, you know, Coach Ray's constantly harps on us to, you know, not be surprised of outcomes like this, especially when you work as hard as you do.  So, you know, those things show up in the game and, you know, that's what you saw today. Oh, man.   It's been a pleasure to be able to play alongside Dave along as well. So, you know, I definitely look forward to making even more big plays with, you know, another player, great player like him. Oh, man. I got to give my shout out to the D-line once again because those guys, they make the play. You know, whenever you get that type of pass rush, whenever you get that type of pressure on a, you know, a great quarterback like Patrick Mahon, you know, it helps the line makers, it helps the D-bees to be able to make plays like we're able to make today.  Oh, man. It's, you know, I think the biggest thing was just the mindset going into this game and the energy that was contagious amongst each and every player that was out there. It felt like every player that was out there was making plays. So, you know, just a beautiful thing when you start seeing things starting to click right at the right time in the middle of the season going against, you know, these top-notch teams.   You know, this is just another game for us to be able to build off on and we're looking forward to next week. Yeah, we're going to, we take big pride in that. You know, we're definitely going to celebrate the small wins, especially when you're able to stop a guy like Patrick Mahonze who's had a lot of success in the league and still will have success in the league in the future. But, you know, just as a defense, you know, we want to make sure that we continue the same energy, continue the same work ethic that we got. We're humble, we're hungry and, you know, we look forward to next week. Yeah, man. It felt like all times again, you know, the last time we played those guys and it was that type of outcome and we went pretty far. So, you know, you just want to make sure we focus in on the things that we got to do. We don't want to get too cocky. We don't want to get too happy about things. We want to stay neutral, keep working hard like we've been doing and, you know, just look forward to next week.


Next question is from Helen ack. What are the pros and cons of using a lifting belt? Oh good See usually the question is do I need one or why should I use one or not? But I like this pros and cons. I do think there are pros and cons to a lifting belt So the obvious one is well if you're gonna compete an event that allows you use a lifting belt You should train one because there's a skill and technique to it and you just want to get good at it But now let's talk about the pros and cons for the average lifter one of the cons of lift of using a lifting belt is that it it's a different form of core stability or To put it differently It's a different muscle recruitment pattern with core stability with the belt So when you wear a belt you've got this external force or external thing around your waist and the way that your core develops Or creates stability with a belt as it pushes out against the belt and then that creates more stability When you don't wear a belt, it's a little different So it's a lot of activation of the core in both of them because the argument used to be all you wear a belt You get less core activation. Not true. You get just as much core activation. It's different though I mean the argument you can make those sounds. It's a lot different Complete opposite one of them you're training to push the drawing in embracing the other ones Yeah, you're teaching to draw in which are different skills. It's different skills So that would be a con right like why would you want to get stronger in a way in the gym that you're not going to Be able to really apply as much in everyday life. So there's one con now I'll give you a pro the pro is it can allow you because it does provide some more core stability You probably generate on your own it does allow you to overload some really strong body parts like legs So like squats with the belt, you'll be able to add 10 15 20 some people can add 30 more pounds when they know how to use a belt really well Deadlifts you can use more weight so they can overload the back a little bit more Overhead press for some people it allows them to lift 10 15 more pounds with their shoulders So there's that argument there. So, you know, that would be I guess the two pros and cons I will say this. I almost never had an everyday client use a belt almost never But also full disclosure. I use a belt I use a belt when I squat and I deadlift and that's just because I trained that way since I was a kid Yeah, I'm too lazy to train out of it other than yeah competing I mean I have pretty much all cons but In terms of I was trying to think of that in terms of like breathing or like belly breathing If you didn't have a belt on where it's advantageous to focus on pushing out embracing in that fashion I don't know if that correlates which I don't think it does like I can't think of a real-life Application without the belt where you're trying to you know promote that type of a mechanism But yeah, like for the most part, I just I think it's good like Let's say in a situation where you're really Pressing yourself to kind of go beyond your your natural limits Yeah To acclimate to a belt and then start to build that type of strength and in support Because it does I mean here's the thing when you have really heavy weight You don't want to have to be conscious of too many things at the same time you want to kind of have that Aid and support when it's it's a competitive environment. So I definitely see some benefit to that Well another pro when you walk in wearing a belt you look serious. Yeah Especially your names on it. Yeah. Yes. Yes beast.  I don't use as much as Sal does But I have trained myself to use it So I do like to pull it out every once in a while not very often though like I have to be Chasing a PR or like really going heavy for the day for me to pull it out and just kind of see where I'm at And the truth is what I know now If I were to if I was starting all over on my weightlifting journey Knowing that I have no desire to be a power lifter and get into that category at all I probably would never use one. I agree because same thing Yeah, I mean I just but I have used it enough times that I know how to use it And so it's an advantage, right? So like I I can deadlift and squat and overhead press more weight with the belt Then I can't without yeah, so it's purely an ego thing Sometimes I feel I get in there and pushing more weight than I normally would push And so I know I can strap the belt on and I know I can get an extra 3% to 5% out of my lift And so I do it But if I were to train a client or train myself from from the space up again I wouldn't use it because it doesn't have to your point Justin It doesn't have any real application in the real world and in fact If anything it could crutch you because you're used to pushing out on that And if you were in the real world bending over to pick the couch up or my son or do something And I were to try and brace that way. I could potentially hurt myself instead of bracing inward and supporting myself like you're supposed to Yeah, I gotta ask you If this is still a thing in the physique world in terms of wearing the belt as sort of a waist-shapening Trainers. Yep. Yes. It's part still happening.  So I've seen people wear weight belts on the seated machine exercises Yeah, well, it became a very Popular fashion statement in the last decade or so it really wasn't that I don't remember it being that popular when we were First like lifting, you know who popularized it for a second Charles glass He by the way one of the best bodybuilder trainers ever, right? And this is this I had to say that because there's a difference between a bodybuilder trainer and a if you trained everyday average person When you're training these highly developed extreme Extremely gifted genetic, you know anomalies who are on anabolic steroids on stuff Then sometimes this kind of stuff makes sense. It's an extreme sport. That's what he did He would put his athletes in a weight belt because remember the issue started happening in the 90s where bodybuilders get so big They'd get that distended belly and so he says that it helped I don't know if it did or not But that's kind of why it became popular why you would see them wearing a belt when they did seated You know bicep curls and stuff like the irony of that though is I would actually make the case that probably made it worse because it again Like you said in a train Do you train the court of push out versus draw in the vacuum maneuver and teaching bodybuilders to do the vacuum more? I think would have tremendous value because then you would be you naturally kind of hold your stomach and also You don't you don't activate the core less by working out in the belt. You activated the same amount It's just activated different totally different. Yeah, you know, here's the thing like for me I started using it as a kid because I got introduced to it by power lifters who taught me how to squat And they told me you got to wear a belt so I did and now years ago I used to use wrist wraps a lot when I would work out all it because bodybuilders did so I read the magazine So I did it took me a year Maybe a year and a half to get my grip to catch up to my back strength I had to go through this whole process Getting my hand stronger Getting rid of the belt now would take me another year or two to really get you know comfortable I just don't I'm lazy to do it This is why I still use it and I have a very interesting relationship with a weight belt It's become like my cape, you know like I pull it out It's the same one I've had forever in fact I gave the one I had when I was 16 a way to one of my clients because it was so tattered and beat up and Did you start coming out to like dramatic movie theme song music? No, no, I'm not like Lane No, but I had this belt forever and I gave it when I finally stopped training clients when we you know went full-time with mine pump I gave it to him as a gift and whatever and I still have another one that I got when I was 19 It's the one I stood the blue one. I still use so I got this interesting thing with weight belts But if I what you said is so true if I could go back in time I would have never used it because there's no need Yeah, you're not gonna be a part of either of my I had no intentions to do that And so then it really has no real reason why you would want to train with it Hey, if you enjoyed that clip you can find the full episode here or you can find other clips over here and be sure to subscribe


So it's really hard to introduce a person like David Sanders. And I thought about this a lot over the past few days, and I decided that the best way to do it would be to start with a brief anecdote. And you might remember this, Woody, so tell me if you do. I first met Dr. Sanders five years ago, almost five years ago to today, a couple months from now, when I was a very nervous job applicant, interviewing in the midst of a severe economic recession for an assistant professor of position here at UTSA. Now, of course, I come across his work as a graduate student, his work on convention centers and urban politics. So I was a little bit awestruck, I should say, when I first interacted with it. Unfortunately, though, at least for me at least, that first interaction occurred during my so-called job talk in front of the department faculty. Now, for those of you unfamiliar with this term, the job talk for academic positions is really sort of the make or break moment in the interview process, the point at which you can either win or lose the job. So I was already pretty nervous to be in that situation. Well, after delivering my presentation, Dr. Sanders, as only he can do, asked me a series of extremely probing questions about my research that all of it left me crumpled in a ball on the floor. Now, I can laugh about it because I got the job, but I honestly left that job talk feeling like I needed to go back to the drawing board with my research, feeling like my most significant weaknesses had been exposed. So, needless to say, it wasn't really my finest hour. Never got a chance to thank you for that, but thanks a lot. Since then, I've actually come to realize that my experience with Dr. Sanders really wasn't atypical. In fact, I've come to know that that dogged commitment to getting right to the heart of things that was surely in evidence at my job talk is really one of Dr. Sanders' hallmarks as a teacher and a scholar, something that is certainly on display in his new book. However, since then, I've also come to know a much kinder and gentler, a person that is deeply committed not only to his research and teaching, but also to engaging robustly in public affairs and mentoring and supporting students and beginning professors like me. I've also come to know a lot more about Dr. Sanders' impressive career in academia. Although he rarely mentions it, Dr. Sanders trained at two of the finest academic institutions in the world, Johns Hopkins and Harvard University. After receiving his PhD in government, don't worry, Woody, I'm not going to tell him of the year. After receiving his degree at Harvard, he held positions at Brown University, the University of Illinois, the Brookings Institute, and Trinity University here in San Antonio before accepting a full professorship here at UTSA in 2001. Over the years, Dr. Sanders has developed an outstanding reputation as both a teacher, a researcher, and an uncompromising public intellectual. As the students and alumni here can attest, his jaw-dropping course on San Antonio politics and policy is one of the most popular classes that we offer here at UTSA. And his research credentials are just as impressive, if not more so. If you take a look, and I did this last night, if you take a look at his very, very long CV, you'll see that he has co-edited several major books on urban politics and policy, along with more articles that I can even begin to count on issues such as urban economic development, infrastructure, and the rough and troubled world of urban politics. More recently, of course, Dr. Sanders has taken an interest in the politics of convention centers in urban America, and that's what led him to write this book, Convention Center Politics. Now, I don't want to give away too much of this, because Dr. Sanders is going to speak to you next. Let me just give you a very brief overview of the book and some of its many accomplishments. Published this past June by the University of Pennsylvania Press, which I would add is one of the world's leading academic presses, Convention Center Follies exposes the often shadowy people, institutions, and forces behind Convention Center development in the United States since the 1950s. At the core of the book is an argument about how political dealmaking and unhealthy obsession with downtown development and land values and a revolution in the world of local government finance led to the privileging of convention centers over more pressing public investments in things such as schools and infrastructure. Through proven case studies of Chicago, Atlanta, St. Louis, and other urban centers, Dr. Sanders reveals how public officials have pursued a narrow development strategy centered on downtown over economic development projects that will provide greater benefits to the public at large. As historian Roger Biles said of the book, Sanders describes in rich detail how policymakers have made convention centers key elements in their efforts to revitalize ailing central business districts and why the billions of dollars spent on the enterprises have yielded such meager results. Dr. Sanders, the publication of this book is truly an outstanding accomplishment, one that I hope will reshape the politics of public investment for years to come. So congratulations on the accomplishment. And now in recognition of this major achievement and in honor of his continuing contributions to the areas of urban development, public policy, and public administration, I'd like to welcome Dr. Haywood Sanders to say a few words. I had no idea I'd like to. Oh, you did. Thank you, Andrew, and colleagues and students and friends. Thank you all for coming here today. It means a great deal to me. It's feeling like a retirement party, but it's not. They have to come back on another occasion while I'm still alive. Thank you very much. It's a big book. It's got a lot of pages. Don't expect to read it all in any period of time, but if you want to subject yourself to it, I think it has an interesting story to tell. But I can't look around this room individually and collectively without recognizing the debt I owe to pretty much all of you. There's a lengthy acknowledgement at the beginning of the book, and I appropriately thank all the librarians and archivists and folks who provided the resource material that this book is based on. And I think those colleagues of mine who suffered through it and gave me some feedback and pressed me to be better and clearer and indeed, briefer difficulties than maybe. But I look around here and I realize in a great many ways that this book could not have happened without here and this place. And by here, I mean in many ways this building, the environment that Chris Reddick and Joe Reyes and Karen Metz and all of my colleagues have created here that makes this a place that is warm and supportive and genuine. And that's really important. And seeing the number of former students and current students who are here today just warms the difference out of me because it means in some peculiar way exit papers notwithstanding for doing something right. But there's a larger message here as well and it's a message that I never learned, I mean despite all those lovely names, it's a message I never learned in grad school and that I don't think many of my colleagues ultimately learn about how things are out and looking at the world. And it's a message, it's a set of lessons that I don't think I could have learned any place other than San Antonio. And those are lessons about how things really work in a city because they work here and I'm willing to argue work in a great many other places in ways that are fundamentally difficult to understand and frustrating and peculiar. I can't help but look at Sister Gabriela and think back to the days when the most important thing we needed to secure this community's future was a multi-purpose convention and sports ability. And that would be Henry Cisnero Salomo Dome. And we got that. And I would never have embarked on this effort were it not foreseeing how that dome was sold to us and what it ended up meaning in the end. And that lesson and the lesson of who's here in this community and what they need and the distance between what we need to do for folks here, everybody here. And what we end up doing in a lot of ways is what really propelled this research effort forward and kept me at it for unfortunately a great many years and far too many pages. So for that I thank all of you. I really do. Because it's you who taught me these lessons. And every day from what I see here and the folks I interact with here and what I do with our students that teaches me even more that same set of lessons. So really, I mean this means an enormous amount to me. It's really grand and it's just great to see you. So come and drink and be pleased. And I won't lecture you about the dumbness of convention centers especially not when we're spending 325 million down the street. Yet again. So again, thank you very, very much. It means a great deal.


So, we've seen how God will take notice of the cries of the oppressed and in this case the oppressed are the workers from Jail chapter 5 and verse 5 or the ill-treated workers. So far that's what we've seen. Coming to verse 6 or we'll start with verse 5, you have lived on the earth in pleasure and luxury. You have fattened your hearts as in a day of slaughter. You have condemned. You have murdered the just. He does not resist you. So, basically James is saying that the rich person is living a very comfortable life. The rich person is not shaken in any way even though they have exploited the righteous rich person has exploited these workers. The workers not able to do anything against such a rich and influential person. So, he's reminding them that this is not your stability and security. It's not permanent. It seems like nobody can touch a very wealthy person but that's not the case. When we engage in unrighteous actions, definitely God takes notice of it. The people who have been oppressed by it, their cries, they reach the years of God. So, we must walk with fear and trembling before the Lord. So, now let's move forward to the next section here. Now the audience is going to change. So, that is something different about the way James is writing.  So, till now he was telling the repent, fear God. He's going to judge you. The riches are going to be destroyed. Nothing is permanent all that. Now from verse 7, he's talking to the oppressed. He's talking to the workers who have been ill-treated and what does he tell them? Let's read some verses. He says, Therefore, why, therefore, that God is going to judge. Okay? He is the God of justice ultimately. So, therefore, be patient brethren until the coming of the Lord. See how the farmer waits for the precious fruit of the earth waiting patiently for it until it receives the early and the latter rain. You also be patient. Establish your hearts for the coming of the Lord is at hand. Do not grumble against one another, brethren, lest you be condemned. Behold, the judge is standing at the door. My brethren, take the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord as an example of suffering and patience. Indeed, we count them blessed to endure. You have heard of the perseverance of Job and seen the end intended by the Lord that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful. But above all, my brethren, do not swear either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath, but let your yes be yes and your no no, lest you fall into judgment. So, now he's telling the, if you want to say, you know, the workers or the poorer people in the congregation or the believers. So, he's telling them what can happen when they are oppressed? What kind of response or reaction can they have? They can just become impatient and say, God, why are you doing this? Why is there nothing good happening to us? All these rich people are living so comfortably.  So, they could react in that kind of a way and even say that, okay, fine, God is not going to do anything about my situation. Forget about my faith. Forget about trusting in God. I'll go my own way. So, to prevent that, he is reminding the oppressed, poor worker believer is telling them, be patient, my brethren, until the coming of the Lord. So, how much patience is needed? Lots of patience is needed till the coming of the Lord. He's saying, ultimately, you know, have you read the last chapter of the book? Like today, we are doing the last chapter of our course. You will, in the last chapter of the book, you will see the conclusion. Who wins the battle? Who, you know, conquers? It's in the end. So, you need to hold on. Ultimately, God will come through for you. So, don't be impatient and remain patient until the coming of the Lord. So, he gives an example of patience. He says, okay, look at the farmer. I am sure all of us know, you know, what farmers do. You put the seed and some crops are quick, you know, in a matter of weeks or a few months, you get it. I think some other crops will take several months. Now, does any farmer put a seed and on the third day say, I'm a failure. Nothing is growing. Okay, I'm giving up farming. You know, I'll do something else. I'll go and do poultry. No farmer will do that because any logical sane farmer knows that the seed will take time to grow. So, then what does he do? He understands about the seed, the timing of things and he does what he needs to do. So, then he prepares the soil. You know, he will add more manure or, you know, put more nutrition for the crops. He'll figure out the, you know, the irrigation. So, many things, pest control. He's working on everything so that according to its timing, the crop will grow. There will be something like the, you know, it'll be the harvest time. At the harvest time, the crop will be ready, your grains will be ready or the fruit will be ready.  So, a farmer is not impatient. He knows the kind of time it is going to take for the entire process. So, he says, look at the farmer. He's so patient about the precious fruit of the earth or the harvest. He is waiting for the harvest, waiting patiently for it until it receives the early and the latter rain. So, early and latter rain is in their times, there was an early rain which will prepare the ground for sowing. And after that, the farmers would sow and just before harvest, there will be another rain which will sort of prepare the crops for harvest. So, that's why they had, in their calculation, they had two rains, the early rain and the latter rain. So, when the latter rain comes, they know this is the time for the harvest. So, he says, look, the farmer has an understanding about timing and so he emphasizes patience. Even we have to do the same. Be patient. God will bring justice to this matter. In verse 8, he says, you also be patient. Establish your hearts for the coming of the Lord is at hand. You see, again, he talks about the coming of the Lord, but he says it is at hand or to say that, you know, how we say about the return of Jesus. He says, Jesus is coming back soon. Behold, I am coming soon. That's what Jesus said. So, he is reminding them it's not going to be all that long actually. So, please, for some more time, be patient and trust that God will do what is righteous for you. Now, one is people could become impatient. There are a couple of other things that can happen when people are oppressed. So, we will look at that. Now, one side note, we've seen early rain, latter rain mentioned here. For us spiritually, the rain is a picture or it's a symbol of the outpouring of the Holy Spirit. So, the outpouring of the Holy Spirit, it was, Holy Spirit was already poured out on the day of Pentecost, the birth of the church. That is like the early rain, but we're also trusting God for something, a mighty outpouring of the Holy Spirit in the end times, in the end times or closer to the return of the Lord Jesus. And when this happens, we're calling it the latter rain, the latter rain. And we know that when the rain falls, there will be a harvest. So, when the Holy Spirit falls upon the people and globally on the body of Christ, we can expect many souls to be one for the kingdom of God. It's just a side note. James is not referring to any of this, but just for us to kind of connect this and see early rain, latter rain, and we will see a harvest because connected to the latter rain is the harvest. So, now, let's continue. I told us there can be some other responses when we are oppressed. What are those responses? He says, do not grumble against one another, brethren, lest you be condemned. Behold, the judge is standing at the door. So, here is another response that we can begin to grumble against our oppressors. Okay? And grumbling is to say that, oh, look at them and talk ill of them and not just that. Why are we doing this? Because we don't have faith in God that God will give us a recompense for what we have been through. So, in a way, when we grumble, it's not simply against our oppressors alone, but we are also in doubt if there will be any justice. So, he's saying, try to avoid this. Grumbling is not good. Instead, what is better? Address the matter. If there is something in our capacity or power to deal with the situation, you deal with it. That would be better. Otherwise, what happens? We start grumbling. Then we start grumbling about it to everybody.  Telling everyone, oh, these people, they are like this. This is how they are. They don't pay enough. So, I'm talking about what I'm going through without actually addressing the matter. And I've become a person who's grumbling and complaining. And James reminds the people that lest you be condemned, what is condemned? Do you remember the Israelites who were being led by Moses? They were grumblers. They just grumbled and grumbled about, hey, we don't have what we used to have in Egypt, the leeks and the garlic, I don't know what in all the ingredients that they were missing out in their cooking. So, they were grumbling about that. We don't have meat. Moses, only you brought us. So, God got so angry that we see there were people who died in the wilderness because of this grumbling attitude. God does not like grumbling. So, that's why he says, lest you be condemned, we have already seen that grumblers receive a judgment from God. So, please don't get into that category. Behold, the judge is standing at the door. So, he's saying, God will do the right thing. So, don't grumble. Then verse 10, he says, my brethren, take the prophets who spoke in the name of the Lord as an example of suffering and patience. The prophets of, you could say the Old Testament because those were the prophets that the early church leaders like James, they knew about. And they knew that the prophets also had been through so many difficulties. You had Elijah, Elisha, you had people like Jeremiah, whose message was, you know, he was known as the weeping prophet. People were not ready to accept him because of the kind of message which he carried. So, they also went through so many sufferings. But he says that they were patient, they continued to do God's work because they were trusting God that God is going to reward them, God is going to protect them. So, you carry the same attitude. Then in verse 11, he points to a specific person that is Job. So, he says, indeed, we count them blessed, who endure. You have heard of the perseverance of Job and seen the end intended by the Lord, that the Lord is very compassionate and merciful. So, he reminds them, patience is not useless. Patience, not just, you know, waiting, it's not only waiting, it is waiting depending on God. Okay? Waiting, trusting God. And that is the example of the prophets and Job. So, what is the story of Job? What is the example of Job? Even Job initially, you know, so many things happened to him, evil things happened to him. But towards the end, we know that God restored double to Job. So, that's what he's saying. The nature of God is such that he is very merciful and very compassionate. So, be patient. Even if you've had losses, your end will be like Job's end, where you will be blessed, you will be doubly blessed. Now, one more thing, intended by the Lord, you know, the sufferings of Job, intended by the Lord, it says. So, some people take this to explain that God made Job suffer. Why did God make Job suffer? So that he can bless Job double. Now, we are very, very clear that God cannot give what he does not have, isn't it? So, God does not put suffering on us or he does not put sickness on us.  Why do we go through so many difficulties? Because we live in a sin corrupted world. The world is corrupted by sin. And we sometimes, you know, face the consequences for action. So, when something is done, there is a result for that consequence. So, even because of that, right? And you have a very active enemy, the devil, who is ready to attack us.   God is giving me a lot of troubles so that I can become a better person. No, that is wrong. Okay. So, never take this verse to interpret and say Job's difficulties were intended by God. God permitted it. God allowed it. See, when people say that the meaning is God wanted Job to suffer. See, however, the way we would see this is Job suffered. Why did Job suffer? Why do we have struggles in our lives? Why do we face so many difficulties in our lives? There are many reasons. But what is not a reason is God is making us suffer. That is not the reason at all. It can never be the reason. Okay. As I told us, again, I'll just go over it. We're already living in a world which is corrupted by sin. Okay. So, that is one reason. Then actions have consequences. They could be our actions or other people's actions. Because of that, suffering comes into our lives. And in the journey of life, you see, there are trials. As you're growing, there will be trials. There will be challenges. And especially for those of us who are believers, we have seen that persecution. Persecution is a very, very real thing. There will be persecution. Now, we cannot ask God, you know, God, why? If you're in the world, you will have tribulation. Jesus said that. But one thing very clear, God does not intend to make anybody suffer. We have to be very clear on that. And especially because you know, you've all come through Bible college for after so many courses, if any of us say that, you know, God is putting sickness on people, God is making people suffer, it would be alarming that, oh, we didn't understand till now that God is not the one who is wanting us to suffer. He did the opposite. He wanted to get us out of all this suffering. That is why he sent Jesus to be our Redeemer. Okay. So that's a little bit about Job. But ultimately, what James is saying is he says, look at Job's life. He was patient. But at the end of it all, he was blessed with double. So your patience is helpful. You too will receive a good reward. Verse 12, he says, But above all, my brethren do not swear either by heaven or by earth or with any other oath, but let your SPS and your no, no, lest you fall into judgment. Now, during the times of James, they had this practice of swearing. Okay, they will swear. And it was considered okay to do that. And while swearing, they would say, I swear by the heaven or I swear by the earth. They had a way of swearing. And in that method of swearing, they would excuse themselves. Okay, I'll just give an example. So ultimately, people would, when they swear, they need to do it. Okay, so that's the whole point. I swear by something. What are they saying? They're saying this will definitely be done or this is how it is definitely. But they had come up with a method of swearing where it was okay to not keep the word. So, hey, I didn't swear by such and such, but I swore by something else. So it's okay. If you swear by that, it's fine. You don't have to keep your word. So they had created this whole different standards of swearing also that if you swore by certain things, then it's okay if you don't keep your word. So James was addressing that and he said, what double standards? This is hypocrisy. People don't even keep your word. Why do you even want to swear? Why do you want to make it complicated? Don't swear. Just let your yes, vs. Let your no be no. Let your word be worth everything. Okay, so he he's just helping the oppressed have the right attitude. He's telling them, be patient. Don't grumble. You know, don't swear, right? Don't swear. Don't do things like this. But trust. Look at the example of the prophets. Look at the example of Job, you know, they were they held on and God came through for them to will be doubly blessed like Job. So don't worry. Don't worry. God is there. God is watching everything and he will bring you out. Now let's move forward. So coming to the next section here. Yeah, so we are at verse 13 verse 13. He tells them some more, what more to do now? Obviously, the people who are oppressed are suffering. So he tells them, is anyone among you suffering? Let him pray. Is anyone cheerful? Let him sing songs. So he is giving them instructions on how they can express what they are going through. So if I am suffering or even respond in what I'm going through. So he says, in the beginning, he said, don't do this, don't do that, you know, don't grumble, don't swear. Now he tells them, excuse me, you pray. If you're suffering, that's the best thing to do.  And if you're feeling cheerful, then you sing a song, you sing hymns unto the Lord. So he begins to tell them what to do in this particular passage. Yeah, all right. So yeah, another good thing to do. Then, you know, going through suffering is one was be patient, also pray. Verse 14, he says, is anyone among you sick? What to do if somebody is sick? So here is James advice. He says, let him call for the elders of the church and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord.  And if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven.  So audience you could say is now kind of becoming general, okay, by this point. So he says, if you're cheerful, then you sing hymns. If anyone is sick, we call the elders of the church. Why elders? Because the understanding of an elder is somebody who is more spiritually mature in the congregation.  So that's why he says call the elders of the church and let them pray a prayer over him anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord. Okay, so one of the ways I am sure all of you have completed the course on healing and deliverance. And in that course, we have seen that there are many different ways to minister healing to the sick. This is just one of the ways to anoint somebody with oil and you see the authority here is in the name of Jesus, name of the Lord. So he says use this as a method. So it doesn't mean that every time this has to be done, you have to put oil and you know, call the elders of the church, but not necessarily anybody who has faith can minister and minister in any way. But this is what James recommends, call the elders of the church anoint with oil in the name of the Lord. Then he says the prayer of faith, the prayer of faith. So he expects that the elders will pray a prayer with faith. Okay, so the prayer of faith will save the sick. That's very encouraging. We are told that whenever we minister to the sick, let us minister with faith. Let us minister, you know, anointing with oil is for the presence of the Holy Spirit that represents the presence of the Holy Spirit or the power of the Holy Spirit and with the authority in the name of Jesus. You see, so powerful, isn't it? Faith, presence of the Holy Spirit, authority of the name of Jesus. So when such a prayer is made, he says it will save the sick. Amazing. So he says be confident when you pray in faith in this manner, if there's anyone sick, he's and he's also speaking very confidently. He says it will save the sick and the Lord will see, he says will save, will raise. So we can have confidence in this, that God will heal the sick among us. But you know, we need to pray, we need to pray. And he also adds, he says if he has committed sins, he will be forgiven. So sometimes there is also associated sin that needs to be dealt with. But you know, God is gracious, not only will healing come, but also forgiveness will come. Now 16, he says confess your trespasses to one another and pray for one another, that you may be healed. So notice, sometimes, sometimes, not always, every, every trespass need not be confessed with one another, but sometimes it is good to share or confess our trespasses with one another. And it brings, you know, it brings a release of God's forgiveness upon our lives. So he says it's good to do. And you know, in some situations, maybe the person that you're confessing to is the person that we have, we have wronged them. So confession always helps because you're, we are humbling ourselves before that person and saying, Hey, I'm so sorry, I did this, I should not have done this, it has affected you. But when we do that, we are told healing will come.   So to make this as one rule for all will not work to say that, oh, every sin has to be confessed, then only you will be forgiven because we don't see that elsewhere in the Bible. Now we have Jesus Christ, who is already our mediator directly, and we can come boldly into God's presence. If we confess our sins to him, he will forgive us. So why should I go to another human being for everything and confess? It's not necessary. But in some situations, it's okay and even needed to confess our sins to one another. And again, maybe somebody mature, somebody who's mature in God, and the right person to speak to, it'll be helpful. If there are certain sins that a believer is engaged in, which they're not able to come out of, they can go to such a mature believer and confess and pray, they will find healing. Now, one thing that we should never interpret this as is, when we confess to people, forgiveness will come and healing will come. Is it because it's coming through the people? Not at all. Where is our forgiveness coming from? Our forgiveness is coming from the finished work of the cross. So that's where we are receiving our forgiveness from God. People have nothing to do with the release of our forgiveness. But it's an act of faith to confess to somebody, and that will bring a release of healing to us. So that's what James is talking about. Now, he adds over here, he says, the effective, fervent prayer of a righteous man avails much. So he says that, so far he said, pray, pray. If you're suffering, you pray. If you're sick, you pray. What kind of prayer should one pray? He says, the effective, fervent prayer, by which he simply means that it's a sort of a committed, focused prayer, a persistent prayer, which we don't disengage from. We continue to see God, we're sincerely, you know, going after him. And he says, when you pray like that, there will be power from our prayer. And he says the prayer of a righteous man. So another thing, another important thing for effective prayer or prayer that brings results. Righteous life is also important because God's ears are open to the prayers of the righteous.  God will not be pleased with that. And he doesn't even answer prayers if we live like that. But righteous life and fervent prayer, sincere prayer, persistent prayer, committed prayer, when we go after God in this way, we will see the results. And now that is an example of a person who prayed. That is Elijah. So it was 17, 18. I'll read both the verses. He says, Elijah was a man with a nature like ours. And he prayed earnestly that it would not rain, and it did not rain on the land for three years and six months. And he prayed again, and the heaven gave rain and the earth produced its food. So he's telling, do you see the power in prayer, the effective fervent prayer of a righteous man creates power, it generates power. Like Elijah, he prayed, what did he pray? First he prayed that it should not rain, and then he prayed that it should rain. And we also observe that when he prayed, he was also engaging in persistent prayer. Remember, he already had a word from God that it is going to rain, but he had to pray seven times for the slightest evidence that it was going to rain. But did he give up? He never gave up. But there was a result when he stuck to it and he saw God do what God had spoken from his word, through his word. So in that manner, he's encouraging the believers, see, we're going through hard times, difficult times, but look at all these people. They also went through challenging times. They also waited for the fulfillment of God's promise over their lives. But they prayed. Elijah prayed. It took time, but he prayed. He never gave up. He kept telling his servant there, go see, go see, seven times he prayed. Finally, there was a result for his prayer. So he's saying, it will work, but you don't give up. There is going to be a result for the prayers. Be patient and continue in prayer. Now coming here to the next set of verses. Yeah. Verse 19, he says. Okay, I'll just read before I go to the next verse here. James 516, the last part there, the amplified Bible. I'll just read that version of the, you know, the effective fervent prayer of a righteous man avails much. So it is like this in the amplified. It says the earnest or heartfelt continued prayer of a righteous man makes tremendous power available dynamic in its working. So you see, same thing. It says, when we don't give up sincere prayer, continuous prayer will yield dynamic results. Okay.  So now with that, James sort of ends this book. So he says, if anyone among you wanders from the truth, so he's talking about believers. So is it possible for believers to go away from the faith, to go away from the truth? Yes, there is a possibility and, you know, it's a sobering thought that something like this could happen that, you know, one who is following Christ can go away from that. So he says, if at all, you know, somebody goes away, then we need to bring them back. Okay.   And again, 1 Peter, 2 Peter, we saw there were all these passages about, you know, honor one another, honor the king and so many things. But in the book of James, there's no conclusion, very abrupt, isn't it? He just says, the believer might wander and anyone who brings him back helps that person and then book is over. So we don't know why, you know, such an abrupt ending James has, but somehow, you know, since it's the early book, I don't know whether he intended to write more, but he did not. So various reasons for why it has stopped like this suddenly. But good thing about James is he is dealing with the reality of, you know, believer's lifestyle around him. He doesn't let them go and say, yeah, do whatever you want. No, he has noticed different issues and he takes them head on. And we've noticed that, isn't it?  So he's addressing different sections of the congregation, their problems, their challenges and, you know, encouraging them, bringing instruction. And that's the way in which he actually guides the believers. So with this verse, we come to the end of our book of James and also the entire course for this semester.  And I think another two or three days for y'all to submit it. And this time I made the assignments easy, even for the Google Classroom students, so I really expect all of you to score well in the assignments. Only the last assignment has a little bit of writing to do. But I believe I've given you enough sufficient time because I have not put any questions from James.  So that's all I expect from you. So you should be doing well in your assessments. So all the best, everybody. And especially the batch that is completing three years. Excellent, you know, good work. Thank you for the journey so long. It's an inspiration. And I really hope to not just rejoice with you in your graduation, but also going ahead, going forward. I really look forward to God doing mighty things through each one of your lives and through your ministries. Okay, so blessings may the Lord strengthen you and work powerfully through each one of you. Okay, let's just close with a word of prayer. Any thoughts, questions before we close? This is the last of the last classes. Like, you know, you have the last bands of the wedding. So this is it closed. Yeah, anyone? Anything to say? Okay, all here in the chat. Okay. Yeah, so things are clear. Happy to know that. Okay, nice. Nice. Thank you. Thank you so much for hearing me. I can hear you. I can hear you, Thomas. Thank you so much for taking us really blessing to learn the subjects. Yeah, thank you, Thomas. The last chapter was really awesome. Learn the present. Great for the audience. We'll meet graduation. We are thankful to you all teachers. We are happy. Yeah, yeah. Yes. Really look forward to connecting with all of you. It's been so long, no? Not met.  More than two, right? Yeah, more than two, easily more than two years. Yeah, so we shouldn't meet. Yeah, just pray that all this truth, don't don't settle with this. As I've been saying, keep going back to these books. God will help you understand in a deeper way. Okay, so let's close then with a word of prayer. I'll pray for all of us. Let's pray. Heavenly Father, we thank you, Lord. Father, we thank you for the truth of your word which cleanses us. Father, we thank you, Lord, for the presence of the Holy Spirit that, Lord, you are bringing the understanding, Lord, to each one of our hearts. Lord, we pray that you will enable us to use it in our walk with you, Lord, that you will enable us, Lord Jesus to, Lord, be the right representatives, Lord, of your Kingdom and of your Son to the world around us. And Lord, I pray for each student, Father God, I pray your blessing upon them. Lord, I pray for your anointing in their lives, Father God, to do the work that you've called them to do. I pray that, Lord, you will empower them, Lord, not just to complete the course, but Lord, be clear about their vision, Father, so that, Lord, the next steps which they take, that it will be aligned, Lord, to the call that you have for their lives. And, Lord, I pray, grant them favor, grant them open doors, Lord Jesus. And, Father, I pray that they will be able to step out, Lord, and share the gospel. They'll be able to disciple many people, Lord, for the Kingdom. And, Lord, let science wonders and miracles follow them, Lord, in the work of the ministry. And, Father God, we pray that you will be greatly glorified, Lord, through each and every effort, Lord, of your children. Lord, thank you once again, Lord. Thank you for all the students, Father God. And, Lord, thank you for their families, O God, who have stood with them through these three years, Lord Jesus. And, Lord, I pray that you continue to bless them abundantly, provide their every need, Father. And, Lord, we pray, Lord. We pray that you will establish them so that they will be grounded and rooted in the Word of God, Father, and that they will be, Lord, supplied with abundance and ready for every good work that you want to release through their lives, Father God. Thank you once again, Lord, because, Lord, you hear our prayers, Lord, and you do exceedingly abundantly more than we can ever ask, think or imagine. We give you praise and glory in Jesus' name, we pray. Amen. Amen. Yeah. So, thank you, class, and I'll see your assignments, your answers, and also, I'll see you at the graduation. God bless. Thank you, man. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you. Bye. Bye for now.


If you've ever tried selling service design, you know one of the hardest things to sell is actually the research phase This is one of the questions I got from a student in my selling service design with confidence course, which you can find over here and The question is like why is it? Why is it so challenging for clients to invest in research? I think there are a lot of reasons one of my favorite explanations is if you think about how companies tend to use their budgets most of their budgets they they like to allocate it towards the back end of a project so Towards the implementation part towards the building part and that is because they don't want to end up in a situation where They've spent all their money in the first three months of a year-long project and then realize that they need to do all kinds of Shit, but don't have money left. So your client will be naturally wanting to push in fat investment Further down the line that is a challenge if you are selling research because we are when doing research We're saying, you know, you need to invest upfront and the and the investment upfront might be Larger than you're used to but it will save you time money and resources further down the line But that requires a lot of trust from your client because in his head or her head and their head He's always thinking like yeah But what if this doesn't work out and we'll be halfway through the project and I will be all my all my resources Will be gone because I've invested in this research phase That's a challenge now We need to flip that conversation completely and the way we can do that is by talking about research as a Insurance policy. Now, let me explain try to try to do this the next time with your client when you're talking about research Have a conversation about Okay, so what if we don't do any research at all in this project? What if we spend all our Resources on other parts like ideation prototyping and building stuff And what if we're halfway through the project realize that we have to We have to start over because we made some big assumptions that prove to be false How much time money and energy? Will will we have lost because we need to? yeah start over and How much of those resources would we be willing to? Invest upfront to lower the risk that we're actually making those mistakes So and that is of course through research. So You know if we I don't know you can you can think of the numbers But if you're spending a hundred thousand euros on a project if you would be halfway you would spend 50 and and then like if you spend 10% of those 50k to do research to make sure to make a little bit more sure that you're on the right track that you're Testing your biggest assumptions You know would it be worth it would it be worth it to spend 20% of your resources to Yeah, to make sure that you're on the right track. So this isn't the only answer to selling research There are definitely more perspectives on how to do that, but try just try it and see what happens frame Research as an insurance policy as a way to actually minimize risk further on down the project and Understand that one of the reasons it's so challenging to sell research is that clients are afraid that if they invest the budget up front They won't have anything left at the end and they'll be in trouble. So they want to push it back towards the end Hope this makes sense Yeah, if you want to know more about selling service design including selling research Don't forget to check out the selling service design with confidence course where we talk more about these topics And yeah, you'll see me and the other students in this community talking a little bit more about this topic Hope this was helpful. If so, leave a comment down below. Thanks for watching. See you in the next video


So with the cooler weather, I've been in the mood for something comforting, so why not make some chickens stew? I'm going to be linking below the recipe to this recipe in the description box. Here's my chicken seasoned. It's been marinating for hours, four to five hours. I'm going to go ahead and lightly sear the chicken in batches. I've been using drums and thighs. You can use whatever chicken that you want. Again, I will be linking the recipe in the description box because y'all know me. I'm an eyeball cook. So here's my chicken. Again, it's not really done because it's going to finish off in the oven pouring in my vegetables, my potatoes are cooking on the side because they're going to go ahead and cook in the oven with the rest of the vegetables. You see those pan drip and stir. This is what's going to make the stew very flavorful. I'm pouring in up between three to four tablespoons of flour and then now I'm going to start adding some liquids in a bit, stirring this up. Sorry, adding some wine, some Worcestershire sauce, some tomato paste. I'm also going to add some chicken stock or excuse me, chicken broth. You could use any type of broth you want. You could use water as long as you season it very well.  This is a very, very simple stew and it was so good. I ended up serving this with some rice. You can eat it, you know, just by itself but I like to add a little bit more starch. So anyway, I'm adding in the chicken and you can cook this on top of the stove but it makes a big difference if you put it in the oven. I cooked it in the oven for about 45 minutes. I'm placing my potatoes in because you don't want to have mashed potatoes. So these are almost done, like I said earlier. Like I said, serving it with some rice, girl. And that is it, you guys. A very simple dish. I did end up turning on the broiler for a good 10 minutes to happen to be a little crispy. I hope you guys enjoyed this video. Take care. Bye.


Physical things that we can talk about here is what's coming out of a 3D printer and some of the use cases where this really makes sense is for patient care and that's what we're going to hear about in this next session. Medical 3D printing innovating patient care through customized implants and the speaker is Samuel Albert Truusse and you are from all of this university, give him a hand. So what you need about medical 3D printing is of course that you can do devices customized to the individual patient. This is something that's been known for quite a long time in the standard industry. We don't all have the same shoe size so we can get whatever shoe we like, but only in predefined categories. So we have a size 10 or a size 9, that's okay but let's say you have a size 9.5 you are out of luck. The same goes for of course Ross, always a point of contention during Christmas time where poor guys have to buy something for their wives and get this right, but again you have predefined sizes, t-shirts, large, medium, small and all that. But of course in the clothing industry we do have customized clothing. We have tailors, we have some guys who can do a suit for a given person and only that person. The same is actually, well individualization is also occurring in this sector, so we have these booths where you can actually get a 3D body scan and get a customized suit made. So that's coming in the clothing area. If we switch to the medical industry we have sort of the same problem. So in this case we've got catheters going into the bladder, so MCHR, these are measured on a French scale historically, so it's just different diameters. But again we have these preset diameters for any given patient. Same holds for customized, well not customized, sorry for hip implants, we've got a range of ball sizes, we've got a range of stem lengths, we've got a range of angles and all that, but we choose from pre-existing models, which works beautifully if you have a sort of standard body. But sometimes you do have patients like this where we actually have a whole section of bone missing, so no standard solution would fit this patient. So in this case we'd like to be able to just print a device for this given patient and nobody else in the whole world. That's where 3D penning comes in, so what does it take? Well you need some sort of scan of the patient, you need to segment it to get a virtual model and then you need to create the physical model using 3D printing. I'll go through that rapidly and then I'll cover as many clinical cases as I actually can, but at the time I allocated we'll see how many we go through. So basically first of all you get the patient into a scanner, we get some sort of data, in this case it's a computer tomography or CT scanner. So these slices of patient information are loaded into a computer program, in this case a software called Mimics, where an operator chooses a given grayscale value and extracts a given organ, in this case the heart. This data can be transmitted over to a 3D printer like this and print it and then you get a physical model like this. I'm not saying that you can 3D print a heart, that's not the basic output of this, but I do present the case in just a moment where we actually use 3D heart models for planning purposes. So just to go into the 3D printing process a little bit more deeply, this is a powder printer or SLS printer where we have plastic powder, we extract the small layer, we have a laser melting the very top layer, it's preheated to almost the smelting point of the plastic and then the laser inputs the rest. Then we do another powder later and we melt the next layer and we melt the next layer and so forth, so builds and builds and builds until we get a final model. Then we remove it from the powder stack and blow off any unburnt powder and get the final model out. This is plastic but we can also do it in metal like this. So again we just heat until it's almost melting and then do a laser and melt the final steps. Then we've done a layer, we let it cool down a little bit, get a new layer on top in just a second and then the whole process repeats layer by layer by layer throughout the model. So that's what it takes but where can we use it? So as I said before we don't print hearts but we do actually print heart models. Some would like to print hearts, that's quite far off, but just to build a 3D model of a heart can actually be a great service in especially congenital heart defects. You guys up there probably have pretty standard hearts. I mean heart surgery is not that complicated once you know what's inside. But there are a number of small babies born who have severe malformations of the heart. For instance this one, the tetralogy of phallus where all the standard vessels are basically not where they're supposed to be, there's all kind of connections that shouldn't be there, they really don't know what they're going into. So standard model of doing this would be to create the CT scan and then just have a computer and try to look through it and say well guess what, how could I go in here, how could I do this? But it takes a certain kind of brain to translate these 2D images into a 3D world but if we create this 3D model of the heart you can actually try and test it out and print it in the catheter and see whether or not we can access whatever the geometry matches whatever heart valve we're trying to insert and all that. So we're actually using that for surgical planning in hospitals around the world.  What about these implants? Well the best case is this guy called Kyber. He has a disease called tracheomalacia which basically means that his airways are defective. His cartilage is not strong enough to keep it open. When you breathe the lungs expand, we have negative pressure so we draw an air into the lungs.  So we've got a catheter skeleton holding open the airways in negative pressure but this guy had some defects in that respect. So the normal bronchus feeding air into the lungs tended to collapse and he was scheduled for a respirator and basically nobody expected him to survive.  His airways are completely blocked. So what to do? Well an engineer came up with a solution in which we scanned and extracted his airways and then created this little step going in and around his airways holding it open. The operation was a complete success and he was able to breathe normally just a month later and it's been replicated a number of times. The problem is that these airways are the standard airways so we can't use the same model across every single patient. We have to scan each baby and say well what's the specific geometry of the individual baby? The smart thing about this one is this one is printed in a mature called Po-Ri-Lacro Holocaprolactone which is biodegradable. In a year or two his airways are actually strong enough to stay open so it's only a time sensitive issue. So in this case this actually gets degraded inside the body and gets removed all by itself. He doesn't have to have surgery once his defect has been corrected. So again individual treatment for this given patient. Another excellent case involving actually the cloud. So the cloud gets mentioned again here. And it's this titanium cartilage block. So if you've got a breakdown of your cartilage inside the knee or hip you have severe pains because the cartilage is actually supposed to create a frictionless movement so you can move around. But in some patients this gets degraded and severe pain. So a Swedish company has actually come up with a solution where you scan the knee or hip or whatever remotely, ship them their MRI data. They do the down assessment of the data. They print a given implant in titanium for this defect. They also, which is very nice, print a surgical guide to allow the surgeon to just drill precisely where he has to drill in order to fit this titanium plug. And then they sterilize the kit, send it to the surgeon remotely, ready for surgery. Why do we need customized titanium plugs? Why not just do a given standard one? Well the geometry of the knee really, really changes from patient to patient. So you can't do a given standard plug because the surface is always changing. And depending on where the damage is situated, you need different plugs. So we do need customized devices in this respect. As I said, the surgery itself gets much easier because we actually print this device which gets put over the defect and lets the surgeon just drill with the standard two inside this place. And then you have a perfect match for the plug. So it's very much simpler and faster to operate using this procedure. So that was knees and that was frecumglacia, the airways. If we go to these artificial hips I showed you earlier, then we have a device like this one used for patients with abnormal hips. So again, going back to my initial slides, if you have a patient, a standard, patient with a standard hip, you can use these different standard methodologies where we've got these given ball type and given angles, given stem lengths and all that and it'll fit perfectly. But if you show up with a patient like this, nothing will fit because the geometry is so abnormal that we can't do anything about that in the normal manner. So in this case it's a 16-year-old Swedish girl who again was scanned and created a three-model of bones. And you can see here that there's quite a lot missing. So first of all, reconstruct the bones and then find out, well, where do we want the ball socket to be? Where do we want to put the screw holes? The screw holes can actually be put according to bone quality. We also know the bone quality from the scan. So we can situate each of these perfectly. Then we need to put in a number of screws and given lengths. They are not all the same length because the bone, of course, is varying in depth, which also can be utilized later on. So we can also actually do this from a company in Alborg who does biomechanics simulation, sorry. So we can get a sort of dynamic stress distribution of the implant and try to re-evaluate whether or not it should be recycled that way or another. So now I've got the geometry, send it to a printer, get it out, and of course sterilize and all that. And then we put it in the patient. Again, the procedure is vastly more simple than the standard way of doing it because we can put this device in. It fits perfectly. But then we can also put in a guide, a drilling guide. If you look closely, you can perhaps visualize that the sort of stops here are different lengths. So basically the surgeon all it has to do is to put it all the way through. It gets to the correct depth. The screws were different depths before. So again, he doesn't have to think. He just has to drill right down, put in all the screws, and you have a functioning hip for this given patient. Again, nobody else but her. Then we, of course, have to line it with some material and all that. But basically the basic contents are we can do a device for her and her only. That's basically all I had time for during a 15-minute presentation. But I could have talked about a lot of different other things. There's bioprinting with different stem cells. There's a lot of other fancy uses where we do skull caps and all that in free prints. We can print bone materials, which dissolve inside the body and allows us to print bones. This is a company from Fulton, actually. And there's quite a lot of work going on during printing of cartilage, for instance, ears, which gets ripped off. Then we can construct an ear from the other ear and get cartilage to grow on these scaffolds and put them in. But again, during a 15-minute timeframe, that's out of scope. If you really want to know more about this, I can go to this conference in Lubbock in September. There should be a lot more information during the two-day timeframe. So yeah, that's it. Thank you. Thank you.


Hi, how's everybody doing today? I'm your host, Rich, here on behalf of RichTV Live with our very special guest. It is the CEO of Great Cliff Exploration, Jamie McIntosh. How are you doing today, Jamie? Great, Rich. Thank you for having me on the show, and I really look forward to telling the investors a little bit about Great Cliff. Fantastic. Now, Great Cliff Exploration is a junior mineral exploration company focused on its Shakespeare Gold project outside of Sudbury, Ontario. Can you tell us a little bit more about the company and the project? Yeah, we just went public recently. We have an option to buy 100% of 517 hectare property by spending over 100,000 the next 12 months and a further 200,000 in the following 12 months. So we're pretty excited. But more importantly, we just purchased an additional 330 hectares that fills in the gap, bringing us over six kilometers of strike length on the perspective Shakespeare Gold horizon, and that runs sort of northeast, southwest through the project. So where we really like the Shakespeare project, the original claims host the former mine that produced close to 3,000 ounces of gold between 1903 and 1907. So you think about that. In those days, that was $56,000 of revenues because gold was $19 an ounce. At today's prices, that's over $5 million worth of gold, and they stopped without continuing to keep going. So there's some good numbers. In 2014, one of the guys went in and they did 15 grams per ton of gold over four meters, including a section that was 48 grams over a meter. So it's very good numbers. We're pretty excited about the project. Very good. And we love to find undervalued, underappreciated, underexposed opportunities. That's what our community lives for. What differentiates Great Cliff Exploration from other junior gold companies in Ontario? So I think the things that really differentiate us, we have a tightly held capital structure. We've got 15 million shares out. We recently closed a $530,000 convertible debenture that's convertible at 60 cents. So that's less than a million additional shares. The management director is in our strategic advisors, 8.5 million shares of that 15. And we've got a further almost 3 million strategic investors overseas. So the current float is around 4 million. So it's pretty tight. We love those. Exactly. I think the thing that also sets us apart is we already know there's gold on the property. We just need to find out how much more is there. It's a brownfield site, excellent infrastructure, and it's in an area of strong mining culture. Being 80 kilometres from Sudbury, we're right off the Trans-Canada highway. We were at the project last week and we drove right to the old number three at it. So it's pretty exciting. I think the other thing that's kind of, we're all investors. I'm a shareholder. Our burn rate is less than 25,000 a month. There's no big salaries. We're a very lean operation. Very good. Now, Great Cliff just commenced an exploration program at the Shakespeare Project. Can you tell us about what the program entails? Yeah, over the last while prior to the initiation of the exploration, we did a historical data compilation that includes and really to help us target because no one has ever really gone back and looked at the old records to see what was there. We'll be doing line cutting, prospect mapping of the historical trenches that are already on site. We'll also do geophysical surveys to assist in highlighting new drill targets. We're planning an initial program about 2,000 metres of drilling. It all wraps around our thesis that there's a much larger gold system at depth below the previously mined areas and that trend, that sort of northeast, southwest trend that follows the perspective Shakespeare horizon. Now you have an impressive roster of experts on your team. Can you give us a rundown of your key members and what they bring to the table? So yeah, we do and it's kind of nice. Our technical advisors and our management have an extensive track rate of success in discovering, exploring and developing mineral properties in Canada, Ontario and across the world. I'm a geologist that moved to Bay Street in the 80s to become a mining analyst. I then moved back to a Latin American gold mining company in the 90s to do corporate development. We brought three or four mines into production in Latin America. I've been running private and public companies for over 30 years. Our technical advisors though set us apart as well because our QP, Bruce Durham, a professional geologist with over 40 years experience in junior and senior mining has been an integral member of several economic deposits including the David Bell Mine and the Golden Giant Mine in the prolific Hemelocamp. Don McKinnon Jr. is a seasoned prospector and he basically is following in his father's footsteps, being involved in all aspects of exploration and mining his entire life. For those who don't know, Don Sr. was one of the founders of Hemelocamp, the whole Hemelocamp Gold Camp, so he was the original prospector. We also have, as I mentioned earlier, a really strong group of strategic advisors in Canada, Europe and Australia. In addition to that, of course, we have a really good team working in the field doing the exploration, so we're pretty excited. Very good. Now what milestone should investors watch out for in the coming months? Over the next coming months, we'll be providing investors with ongoing updates as our exploration program proceeds. This isn't the first time I've done a junior mining company, so we know that we need to keep the investors informed and keep them up to date. And speaking on that, how can investors get in touch with you, Jamie? So the easiest way is just to email me. It's jm at graycliffexploration.com, or they can give me a call at<PHONE_NUMBER>. And I promise I'll get back to them as soon as I can. Well, thank you so much. We're very excited about watching your company evolve. We love your share structure. We love the mining sector right now. We think mining is going to go through a massive bull market, specifically gold and silver and all the precious metals. So congratulations on your success so far. And we look forward to watching your company evolve. Well, thank you very much. And I think the one thing that's worth adding is this is an unprecedented gold market. I've been involved in gold for 35 years, and we've never seen a period where capital lenders have printed more money. Over 12 trillion now, I think more of the time they're done. And so, you know, gold is there's only two things to own, gold and land. So we think it's an excellent time to be investing in Graycliff. Yeah, I think that you are correct. I think the timing is right. And our investors all over the world will be watching. Thank you so much for your time today, Jamie McIntosh, CEO of Graycliff Exploration. Thanks. Have a nice day, everybody, and thank you for watching.