Yes, Riot is nerfing the Yor ult animation cancel again, so before they do, I wanted to show you some of my best clips with it. Enjoy. My name.


à tout le monde pour votre présence dans ce panel qui est un petit peu impromptu. Je pense qu'on devait avoir une autre présentation, mais toujours des changements à la dernière minute. Alors merci de votre présence. Et puis aujourd'hui, ce qu'on voulait faire, c'est un panel qui m'est très cher. On m'a demandé parce que je suis impliqué dans le français, je ne suis pas impliqué dans le multilinguisme, mais aujourd'hui, ce n'est pas moi qui va parler. Aujourd'hui, c'est mes invités qui vont parler. Et oui, ce panel va être complètement multilingueux. Donc on va parler en français anglais et c'est ça, parce que je ne parle pas la troisième langue. Je suis désolé pour ça. Et mes invités vont aussi avoir l'occasion de parler dans la langue de leur choix, pour changer, comme nous le faisons souvent en Montréal, en français anglais, dans la même sentence si ils sont aussi désirés. Alors, sans plus de faire, nous avons un nombre de questions. Je voudrais vous introduire à Alex Roua. Je voudrais vous introduire à Mike Dixon, ainsi que Jonathan Perlman. Et ma première question va être très facile à commencer avec. Alex, venant tout de suite ici, serait une question très simple. Comment avez-vous pensé et fait un multilingueux dans l'écosystème du WordPress ? Depuis que j'ai commencé à construire des websites, je ne suis pas de Québec, mais j'ai vécu ici depuis les dernières 9 ans. J'ai construit des websites pour 6 ans, et j'ai construit des websites bilingueux pour des clients de Québec. Je vais voir ce que c'est. Je fais beaucoup de websites. Je vis en Ottawa et je suis unilingueux. Si vous me demandez une question en français, ça va être comme ça. Je fais des websites pour les non-profits et des caractéristes comme ça dans l'Ottawa. Ils ont besoin d'être multilingueux. J'ai fait ça depuis des années. Je travaille à Dawson College. Dawson College est le plus grand cijap, pas seulement le plus grand anglais cijap. Nous devons avoir une présence de l'information bilingueuse pour nos départements de l'HR, nos départements financiers. Nous faisons des sites satellites qui sont bilingueux, non seulement bilingueux. Nous avons fait WordPress depuis 2013. Nous avons fait un site multilingueux et le site bilingueux a été créé il y a quelques années. Merci. Je sais que vous avez vu les questions. Je vais commencer à les changer. Je suis curieux parce que mon premier camp était en 2010. Je savais que je devais faire un bilingueux. Qu'est-ce que vous pensez que quelqu'un ne peut s'interrompre avec la question? Je ne croise pas que ce sont des questions. Ok, la prochaine est en français. J'ai fait ça depuis longtemps. Il y avait seulement quelques outils que nous pouvons utiliser pour faire un bilingueux. Comment avez-vous essayé de faire un bilingueux? Comment a-t-il travaillé pour vous? C'est votre premier projet. Jonathan? À ce point, nous avons regardé les plus grands plugins. Nous n'avons pas aimé installer les plugins. Nous avons choisi les plugins très bien et nous avons trouvé que les plus grands plugins font un bilingueux de l'information, font un bilingueux de la post-content. À ce point, nous avons regardé la approche multisite et les pages différentes, les langues différentes. Alors que notre contenu reste intact. Il y aura un peu moins de cleanup d'autres codes ou d'autres manières qui poursuivent l'information. Nous avons besoin de notre contenu pour être portables pour que nous puissions réutiliser le bilingueux dans plusieurs manières et être portables par différents systèmes. Je vais demander une question pour Jonathan. Quand tu dis « messer la date », tu veux dire comment c'est installé dans le database? Non, comment c'est installé dans la post-content. À ce point, des plugins, ce qu'ils font, c'est qu'ils sont installés en anglais et en français dans une page de post-content. Et visuellement, ce qu'ils font, c'est que les langues en anglais, en français et en anglais mais internement dans ce contenu, tu as des langues toutes les trois, toutes les langues que tu apportes, tu as des langues en une post-content. Et pour nous, c'est un problème où, dans la rue, on peut prendre et utiliser ça d'une autre manière et c'est beaucoup plus difficile à travailler avec. Est-ce qu'il y a quelqu'un ici qui m'a parlé hier à WPML? Vous vous souvenez du concept core que j'ai commencé? C'est vrai. J'ai regardé, bref, quelques autres plugins, et j'ai landé sur WPML, surtout parce que j'ai trouvé quelque chose qu'il ne peut pas transmettre. Et à votre point, tout est son objectif. Il n'y a pas d'anglais comme ça. Je sais ce que tu parles de shore codes mais ce n'est pas ce que WPML fait. J'ai regardé, bref, les autres, Polylang et il y a un autre, je ne m'en souviens pas le nom, mais WPML est celui que j'ai trouvé qu'à quoi j'ai essayé de transmettre, je peux le faire. Je suis un petit business, je n'ai pas d'expérimentaire en essayant de faire quelque chose pour moi-même. Je vais prendre ce que j'ai trouvé qui fonctionne et aller avec ça. C'est la meilleure solution que je peux trouver. Oh, on y va. On reviendra encore. Donc la question est... Ok. Donc la question est, qu'est-ce qu'est-ce qu'il y a des critères sur lesquels tu décides quelles solutions et approches tu vas utiliser pour faire un site multilingual et Mike est en train de nous donner l'answer. Tu es en train de répondre donc j'ai pensé que je l'ai prévenu, j'ai juste donné un tel reploi. Oui, c'est l'answer. L'answer c'est qu'il n'y a pas d'answer. C'est... La dernière fois que j'ai regardé Polylang il y a quelques années, l'une des critères que j'ai regardé c'est comment est-ce que c'est facile d'être traduit. Et comment est-ce qu'il y a de l'exemple de la database dans le processus de faire ça. Parce que quand j'ai envoyé un site à un client, si ils m'ont aidé d'être le manager de ce site, ils n'ont pas les privilèges parce que je ne veux pas qu'ils puissent aller en train d'aller au menu de Weirdo ou de garder quelque chose dans leur tête ou de faire ça de cette manière pour les prendre entre anglais et français ou quelque chose. Et donc l'expérience de l'admins est une des choses que j'ai regardé quand j'évaluais ça. Si tu m'as demandé pourquoi j'ai choisi WPML sur Polylang il y a des années, j'en remercie pas. J'ai utilisé WPML quand je faisais ma première décision et j'ai toujours utilisé ça depuis toujours. Je vais juste faire quelques définitions si quelqu'un ne sait pas quel est WPML. WPML est un plugin qui vous aide à faire le site bilingual, trilingual, multilingual. C'est un autre plugin. C'est un plugin libre. Je pense que c'est complètement libre. XTranslate est un autre plugin si c'est toujours là-bas. Jonathan m'a mentionné un multi-site qui est un default où vous pouvez avoir plusieurs sites dans votre installation single. Pour répondre à votre question oui, comme WPML ne mangle pas le database XTranslate et Polylang que j'ai utilisé où généralement j'ai ingénie d'un site qui est déjà existant et les clients sont déjà utilisés. Il y a des moyens mais c'est très difficile de changer d'un site WPML ou un multi-site parce que le site est installé avec d'autres informations. WPML dans les dernières quelques mois a arrêté leur package lifetime. Vous pouvez payer 300$ pour autant de sites etc. Ils ont juste arrêté ça donc je pense qu'ils sont maintenant sur les packages annuelles et il y a des sites single et des sites développeurs. C'est bien worth le money comme Mike m'a dit je pense que je n'ai jamais vécu quelque chose que je ne peux pas transmettre en utilisant WPML et l'important c'est que si votre client va éditer les sites c'est très bien de garder l'anglais français et anglais séparé. Par exemple Polylang mélange les pages français et anglais dans votre liste de pages donc vous devez aller en français et anglais et vous devez gérer la base du site donc vous avez sorti de l'entrée mais j'ai juste demandé et ça peut s'appliquer mais je voudrais entendre leurs pensées si quelqu'un est venu de votre client et vous avez appris d'y aider par un méthode multilingue qui ne sont pas habituées ou qui ne sont pas habituées. Qu'est-ce qu'il faut faire ? À ce point, si un ami ou un professionnel m'a demandé de m'aider à l'aide, il y a un contracte qui est associé à l'amélioration. Parce qu'il y a un contracte et de l'argent, vous regardez la documentation pour le plug-in ou la méthode et vous faites le meilleur travail que vous pouvez faire. Parce que si vous ne savez pas ce que vous faites, vous allez, à ce point, mettre l'effort en place. Et d'ailleurs, vous allez avoir un bon référent, et ça va générer un certain sort de business, donc vous regardez la documentation et le plug-in et la méthode. Et vous pouvez aussi demander, surtout dans la communauté Facebook, vous pouvez définitivement demander de la soutenir, parce que le fait d'une multilinguelle, surtout en Québec, c'est un grand sujet. Il y a beaucoup d'autres personnes, qui sont contents de soutenir et d'aide sur des situations spécifiques, etc. Merci. Mike, qu'est-ce que vous pourriez faire ? Je ne sais pas seulement comment dire. C'est un bon conseil. Oui, c'est bon. Oui, c'est bon. Si quelqu'un s'est venu et qu'il y a dans le passé, et qu'il y a de l'autre façon de faire un multilingue, j'ai maintenant l'expérience avec plusieurs plug-ins différents, et un multilingue, parce que j'ai toujours dit oui. Et j'ai appris les moyens de le faire. Si je suis en train de construire un site de scratch, ou si je suis en train de redouer un site, je vais toujours recommencer à la client que je fais avec WPML. Si je suis la plus familiale, la plus profonde, et personnellement, je trouve que c'est le meilleur moyen de faire un site multilingue. Mais si le client est venu pour moi et qu'ils ont un site, et qu'ils utilisent Polylang, ou si c'est un site multilingue, je vais dire oui, je vais dire comment. Parce que j'ai maintenant l'expérience avec plusieurs moyens de le faire. Merci. C'est une bonne chose. Qu'est-ce qu'il y a de votre client ou des réquises? Est-ce qu'il faut un multilingue? En Québec, tout le site que j'ai construit pour un client en Québec, j'ai l'impression de dire que mon site n'est pas bilingual. Partly parce que je ne suis pas bilingual, mais tout le site que j'ai construit pour un client en Québec a été bilingual. Certains sites que j'ai construits pour clients au-delà de Québec, ou en Europe, ou dans les Etats-Unis, certains ont été bilingual. Je dirais que 80% de tous les sites que j'ai construits sont bilingual. Donc 80% d'accord. Jonathan, une opinion sur ça? Personnellement, j'ai travaillé sur un site que nous allons faire bilingual, professionnellement, dans mon travail au moment où Alex est 80%, je suis en fait moins de 20% parce que le fact que Dawson College a dit est une institution de langage anglais, et nous faisons fall under other rules par le gouvernement, donc parce que nous pouvons dodger un bullet, nous serons définitivement dodgons le bullet. Donc, oui. Ok, c'est ce que vous avez besoin, ce n'est pas... Mike? Vous avez vu que les clients que je fais sont multilingual, et tous les non-profits sont, donc je dirais, 1,5 ou 3,5 de les clients canadiens sont multilingual. Je peux justement add un comment à mon répond? Les clients qui ne sont pas bilingual, comme ceux qui sont en Canada, mais pas bilingual, c'est usually because they are not happy or they are not able to provide their services in that second language. So myself, I'm not able to speak French with any proficiency, certainly, not yet. So I have kind of not translated my site because I don't want to give the impression that I could provide the service in French. I think you should probably ask at Quebec Francophone how they feel about that, but that's kind of... How do you feel about that? How do I feel about that? I'm here to ask the questions.  Since you speak mostly English now, but you do 80% of your client's sites in French, who translates for you? So I do not do content for my clients. I'm a big believer in building on your strength than letting the others who have a strength to build on that. So I don't do the copy or the content for my clients. So either the client provides the English and the French, usually, or the three languages for some sites. Or I have translators that I've worked with who I can say here's the English, please go and use the French and just to add on to that, another benefit of using WPML is it actually has a translation manager built into it. So WPML is not just one plugin. There is one core plugin, but then there are additional plugins. So if you're using WooCommerce, you can have a WooCommerce WPML plugin that will help translate that specifically. I think there's a Yoast SEO and WPML plugin. So Advanced Custom Fields ACF plugin also has the same additional plugin for WPML. One of the other WPML plugins is translation management. And it enables you to mark posts, pages, content on your website for translation. You can add other users. So for example, your translator can be added as a user on the site. You can assign them the content to be translated. You can set like deadlines etc. You can track how the translation is going, how they're doing, how many pages they've done, if they've done 70% or only 5%. So they can do the translation directly on the site which I find saves time because then they don't send you a Word document or a PDF and you have to do copy and paste. They actually enter instructions on the site. Mike, do you hire translators as well to do that copy? No, exactly the same. Doing the actual translation is somebody else's problem. What I'm doing is providing the ability for the site to be translated and that bears pointing out as well. None of these plugins are machine translators. All they do is provide the ability for a translation to be done. They don't do the translation for you. The actual entering of the content is the client problem. OK. In the case of Dawson College, do you have French-speaking people I've assumed that? Do you have an entire French department? Meanwhile that French department doesn't do the translation for Dawson. We do have a convocations team and they're completely bilingual. Therefore, again echoing Mark's statement as IT, from the IT perspective we provide the platform and at that point we hand off the platform to communications and or the user because as an example we've got a Confucius Institute site and while French and English is a Quebec standard language they also have a Mandarin site. They have a Mandarin language on their website and while we can probably make out English and French, Mandarin is something you just have to understand and know. Therefore, when we're putting content in or they're putting content in so again it's just the user that has to do the content and as I said in terms of just French and English we have a convocations team for that. Thank you. Here's a question that's going to be fun to answer. Tell me a story about an issue or a major pitfall in any project of your liking where things really went south. Have fun. OK. So I would say it's in general a major pitfall of WPML. It's a little bit less so now. It used to be with WPML you had to write your content in English and then translate to a second, third, fourth language. That has changed recently. You can write your content in English, Spanish, Arabic, Mandarin, whatever and translate to not even English anymore. But I find problems usually when I'm educating my clients on how to update, change, add to their content. There is a certain workflow and a certain education of users in how to go about using say WPML for translation. So it can get a bit messy if you write a page in English and translate to French and somebody else starts writing it in French and translates to English you have categories etc that you've set up in English and then somebody sets up new categories in French. Everything with WPML should be a translation of usually I would say your primary language. So if you are going to use WPML pick your primary language and do everything in that primary language and make everything else a translation. You are not entering an English version a French version, a Spanish or whatever version. You are always translating into the second, third, fourth languages. And that also goes like themes, plugins etc. WPML, admin text all of that can be translated with WPML but it gets messy when people do not translate they start making new categories because one of the beauties of WPML is on the front end it's very seamless. I know it's on a English category page they use the language switcher they go to the French category page it's the same category just with the translations. It's not a whole new one, you don't have to relink things. So that is a recurring pitfall with WPML when my clients are then using it for the first few times. Mike, last week's episode the week prior what I spent most of last week doing was taking two Drupal 7 sites and a Drupal 8 sites all with three different languages extracting the content and merging them into one WordPress site that was not fun but it worked and this is it was tricky and it was finicky and all that stuff but it does work and this is the other reason why I keep coming back to WPML and that is that as difficult as some things can be to translate there was always a way to do it somehow another one of the issues I had was there's a theme framework called Genesis it adds the ability to have a custom post type archive page that neither WordPress nor WPML know about but there is a way to tell WordPress to tell WPML about it so that it can then be translated so even if it's not something in the admin interface you can do a little kung fu with the code and suddenly it shows up and it works but yeah, I'm glad last week is over Jonathan, issues, challenges? The challenge actually is not really on a technical level and this happened a while back in the as laws change within the government we've got to obviously adapt to the laws and the big adaptation was that our HR site had to be translated so at the beginning we didn't have any French content so therefore the HR administrators and individuals in HR well they basically just translated the content with their knowledge of French and that didn't exactly resound well with our with our perspective career people with the people coming into the site that are looking for jobs and looking for specific information from HR well they're now finding grammatical errors and our French content so this was before communications had the team to do what they do right now and so at that point we actually had to go to external translators and do an official translation and at that point bill HR for the work but so one of the key takeaways is that if you do know the second language but not complete completely know that second language invest the time invest the cash into doing a professional translation because at that point it's just like your real content it's just like your English content or your primary content at that point that content is going to serve you a lot better with proper spelling, proper grammar and proper punctuation because you're just doing yourself a disservice do you mind if I just add a couple of things of course not so a couple of things just occurred to me we're talking about multisite about plugins like WPML for doing multilingual if you're on wordpress.com you've actually now got fairly similar options up until recently multisite was the only way to really do bilingual, trilingual, multilingual on wordpress.com the word camp websites are actually all multisites so that's how we do the bilingualism for the word camp websites that's multisite on wordpress.com if you actually have a business plan on wordpress.com very recently you've now been able to upload your own plugins which includes WPML I've actually done that for a client recently it works fairly well but I would say one caveat here is it's fairly new to be able to upload plugins on wordpress.com so some of the plugins they're not built for the new editor if you use wordpress.com you've used the new editor not the WP admin I'm sure it has a name and I can't think of it Calypso, thank you yes, if you use the new Calypso editor one of the problems we had was actually our second language content kept disappearing and the Calypso editor does not really work with WPML yet so just a caveat you can use plugins like WPML on wordpress.com now with a business plan it's a paid plan but at least when I was doing this a few months ago use the WP admin editor not the Calypso editor thanks, yeah a few people here we're interested in that I think there's a question up here sir so the question is and it's a loaded one what are we going to use for translation with Gutenberg I'm going to take a first stack at it and say that I will assume and I think of no that for example WPML development team are hard at work already trying to make sure all these blocks can be found they can be translated of course that is only one vendor I can't speak for all of them perhaps you guys have more information on other approaches as well of course multisite is multisite so that's never going to be an issue yeah I think you've got to do that multisite what happens is that the post content is normal there's nothing WPML doesn't wrangle it it is on so because multisites stores the post content as normal and it's just a different site and every site is its own language what happens there is that with Gutenberg if it works for English it's going to do the exact same thing for French and you're just literally changing the words at that point in the other site so at that point Gutenberg shouldn't really be much of a problem in terms of multilingual if you're using it with multisite involved well I have two answers the first answer is that whenever Gutenberg launches it's going to be a 1.0 product and I don't put 1.0 products into production so what I'm going to be doing is disabling it until version 1.0 something comes out and they figured out what the million plus users have found it's wrong with it that's the first answer the second answer is as was said I'm one of the reasons why the buy once use forever plugin model doesn't work is that in year 4 there's no revenue for the plugin author and so when WPML switched from the lifetime to the annual I didn't really have a problem with that because I want them to have the money to be able to pay people to figure that stuff out for me so I don't have to think about it but for me Gutenberg will be disabled on every site I manage thank you there's one or two questions left I think I'm going to go to the big one because we're starting off getting close to the end we have to assume that having a multilingual website is going to require more work and therefore have an impact on a client's budget how do you deal with that how do you price that how do you estimate the amount of work do you have rules of thumb how do you do it I just add another zero most people who are either coming from an existing site that has multiple languages in it or they are trying to move to a site that has multiple languages in it they're usually pretty clear that it's going to cost more than just hey can you make my theme look better how the process works how you price it that's a magical secret sauce of what their budget is how long I think it's going to take how much content there is what type of things need to be translated there is no form that I can check things off in and out spits a number it is if you ask any freelance developer they'll tell you they have a method but it's not something that they can really articulate and I'm sort of the same way I mean as Mike said it's it's very dependent on what the clients asking you for I it often depends how much it depends what exactly they're asking for so if a client comes to me and they're like I must use this theme for my new website and I look at that theme and it's not WPML compatible which as I say is my preferred way of doing it by the way WPML has a page on the website where you can enter the name, author, whatever of a theme, is it also for plugins or just themes at the moment, the checker ok, yeah they have a page on basically WPML has a certification process for themes I'm not sure if it's also for plugins it's both, plugins and themes so a plugin or theme author can request that the WPML team looks over their plugin or theme and checks that it is compatible and if it is it can be certified WPML compatible WPML will add it to the database on their website and you can search on their website to see whether a theme or plugin is fully compatible if you're using something like theme forest a lot of themes particularly will say WPML compatible but if it doesn't have the WPML logo or you've not checked it on their website be a little circumspect about it so back to the original question if I'm being asked to use a theme that isn't already WPML compatible then I may have to spend time making it so basically if a theme has been properly localized which means it's ready to be used in multiple languages usually that's okay but there's obviously a wide range of standards for themes and plugins so do your homework before know what you're letting yourself in for also as Mike said things like plugins so advanced custom fields etc if you're creating your own custom fields custom post types etc custom archives and so on then there's a lot more work involved because you may have to make sure everything is translatable not just oh it will appear so do your homework first before giving an estimate and find out what you're letting yourself in for how does that impact a budget at Dawson if you decide to have a part of a website bilingual or not well the budgeting at that point would be definitely for the translation itself the physical words being translated and in terms of budgeting at Dawson what we do is mainly timelines as opposed to cost because at this point what we generally do is we spec a project out we estimate time that it'll take and then do we engage with the project or not because of the fact that everything that we do within IT is basically just time based and we don't really have the con well we do but we don't have the real concept of scoping projects out for dollar money amounts it's time that we're scoping out before we open it up for questions what I wanted to ask each of our participants is a very simple one is in one sentence or less if I can even say that one sentence what's the one advice you'd give to people in this room embarking on making a site multilingual one sentence www.codename.d.com my advice would be what I closed with it's not going to be a sentence it's going to be a paragraph my advice would be what I closed with yesterday and that is the correct order if you're starting from scratch the correct order is do your taxonomy terms first then do your posts and pages then do your menus and widgets so yeah thanks yeah plan out the content of the website find out what the content is before you think about how you're going to build the site and make it multilingual I'll see prepare yourself for pain misery and suffering WPML no no no honestly no I'm joking no prepare yourself for work prepare yourself for the time it's going to take and obviously budget accordingly for that just because it's translation is a time consuming effort to get that really done well I'm just going to add one slightly random comment I don't know whether you know or not but obviously WordPress can be installed in any different language pretty much I think I don't know how many translation 180 languages and dialects thank you someone did the homework so if your client is francophone or they're a Spanish speaker or a Mandarin speaker whatever you can install it in that language and translate back also using WPML and you can choose the language of the dashboard for different users so even if I've installed it in French for a client I personally in my user profile will choose to view the dashboard in English just because it makes my life generally a bit easier and also if you're building a multilingual site it's a good way to learn some of another language I would say a large percentage of the French that I do know certainly to read has come from building websites bilingually and using the WordPress interface in French thanks so at this point if there's any questions if you want to feel free to raise your hand and you may even direct your question to a specific speaker if you wish to yes so the question is we're doing three languages one of which doesn't exist in the WordPress world so can we tackle that am I getting it right I can tell you how I would tackle it I'm going to assume that the language that you're using is not one of the languages available in WPML I don't know if Cree is available in WPML or not so we'll assume that it's not the way I would handle that is I would pick one of the languages you know that you're never going to be translating that content into and set that as the language for Cree and then go in and use the tools that are built in to WPML that let you modify the strings within WPML itself to change the flag and change the languages to whatever it is you want them to be because really there's only three things you'd need to change you need to change the flag the localized name of the language and the English name of the language and I believe that there are tools that let you do that that let you change the flag so that's how I would do it but I've never done that that's just what comes to my mind another possibility might be talking to WordPress Central and seeing if you can establish a new base language but obviously that's going to take way more time than going Mike's route because you'll have to go through some red tape I'm just going to say one little thing Mike brought up the flags so WPML by default I think or maybe not anymore but you can have a flag next to the language in the language switcher and on a particularly I'm talking from a Canadian perspective here you don't have to have the British flag against English and the French flag against French you could have for example the Canadian flag against the English and the Quebec flag against the French or whatever you like so you can change that flag for something if you feel it's more appropriate just like flags altogether because language is not equal to culture or political affiliation so you have to be careful about that too if somebody's French Canadian but a federalist political angle then that blue and white flag may not go well with them yeah I get rid of the flags I never use the flags yeah we never use the flags personally question je pense pas qu'il y a de meilleures extensions c'est une extension c'est une approche il y a WPML, il y a multilien, il y a Wiglot il y a des applications qui gardent votre contenu sur votre site ça c'est une autre question qu'on n'a pas posé il y a des applications également qui travaillent en sas ou en cloud et vos traductions sont hébergées sur un site qui n'est pas le vôtre et que vous accédez en temps réel quand le site est vu alors est-ce que c'est une bonne idée une mauvaise idée il y a probablement en 10 et 15 plugins du dilinguisme WPML c'est juste que c'est une des plus connues c'est la meilleure je pense pas qu'il y en a de meilleures ma présentation est ailleurs après-midi on monte tout ça et tu peux revenir me voir ça me ferait plaisir d'expliquer yes vous avez vu la blog poste de who knows how long ago so that means at that point a splash page is actually not even in effect and it's also not good for your SEO if that's your home page the only place I ever see them now is on government sites so if you log in to check your tax information or whatever but that's because they know you have to come through the front door you can't get at your tax information page Donc, as far as the extra click, if you arrive on the English site and you're French, it's an extra click anyway. So it's not a, for me it's not really a necessary question of the extra click. There are ways in these plugins so that the plugin can detect the language of your browser and automatically send you to that correct language anyway, if you turn that on. But really they're just ugly. They serve a specific purpose in specific instances where you control the user experience from start to end. Like a bank for example. If you go to your login page for your bank, you have to go through the login page. And so there's a thing there that says, do you want to do this in French instead? But for normal sites, as you're saying, the front page, I would wager that probably 90% of the visitors to a particular website never even see the front page. I know we're almost out of time, but I'm just going to add one little thing. One other pitfall that I often see with multi-lingual sites, particularly WPML because you can add the language switcher to the menu, is when it goes into mobile view, so you get the hamburger menu or whatever, often it puts your language switcher in the mobile menu. Don't do that, it's horrible to try and then switch language. So do check your site when you're doing this on mobile, tablet, whatever. And check that your language switcher is still accessible, easily accessible. It should still be ideally top right corner. On a le temps pour une dernière question, last question. Deux peut-être c'est rapide. Oui. The WPML support forum. It's really good, that's where a lot of people ask their questions. You can see the replies. The WPML support is very good. They do get back to you pretty quickly and they, most of the time, are able to help resolve the issue. Sometimes it really is an incompatibility and short of going to the other plugin author and asking them to help resolve it. But usually the support forums are, I would say, solve maybe 75% of those sort of compatibility issues that I've had. And they are much better in the last year or so than prior to that. Like sometimes you'd update the plugin or WPML and it would break. And that's gotten a lot better. I think the WPML team are much more on it now. And that's the way to solve issues once you find them. But even better is try to prevent them.  Whenever we look at a project that needs to be bilingual, multilingual, which is a majority of the time, we'll first decide on an approach based on a client's criteria and technical requirements. Once we decide on the approach, the second phase is going to be based on a functionality required. Do look for what kind of plugins you're going to be using to build a site and make sure those plugins are compatible and sometimes go even as far as test them before finalizing your quote to a client. To me, that's part of a technical solution build and making sure that whatever you deliver is going to work before you actually get to installing things. Y'avait une autre question? Anyone? Yeah, I'll take the question. Yeah, the question is basically what are the preferred methods for implementing a language switcher? Do we list all the options? Do we list the other options excluding the one language on which we're already on? So the thing is with the language switchers, you generally want to list the language. What we do is we list the languages, like all the languages in the language that you're going to. So if you're on the English site, you'd be listing the languages in English. If you're on the French site, you're listing all the languages in French and you're from the Mandarin site, you're listing all the languages in Mandarin. But the thing is if you're on a Mandarin site and you can't read the English, you can't understand the word English. English. So, on the French side, it would be anglais as opposed to English. So, if you're on the French side, you would see the word anglais and françaises. Oh, yeah, okay. Yeah, okay. It's the other way around. Yeah. So, regardless, we're catering to the user in their language. And by the way, no flags. Yeah, no flags. Definitely no flags. We're catering to the user in their language. So yeah, personally, my preference is always to just use the two-letter language code. So, I always have, if I'm on the English side, it'll just have FR in the corner. If I'm on the French side, it'll have EN, if I'm on Spanish, it'll have ES, sorry, no. If there is a third language, it would be, say, ES. And I just have those two-letter codes, no flags. For me, it depends on how much space I have. So, if I've got something in English that's, you know, got a logo and then I've got a menu and it's very tight, then as soon as I flip the French, it's going to be longer. So, I'll have to account for that somewhere. So, that's when the two-letter language codes come up. I never use flags, but I always show both languages, the current language and the one that I can switch to. And, like you were saying, whenever there is, so, this site I was talking about earlier, I think we're going to end up with seven languages. And each of them will be in their native language. So, you look at the drop-down, if you want to go to the Chinese part of the site, it'll be written out in the Chinese characters for the reasons that you mentioned. So, three people, three different answers, there you have it. Thank you so much, everyone, for attending. Thanks to our panelists. If you have any other questions, we'll stick around for a few minutes.


Say, here they are! Ted has just seen one of the many kinds of bacteria. Bacteria are found almost everywhere in our environment. Bacteria is everywhere. The tiny organisms come in many forms, some that keep us healthy, and others that infect us with all kinds of diseases.  But with the overuse of these drugs over time, some bacteria have evolved, producing new enzymes that help them survive an antibiotic attack. Hundreds of thousands of people die each year because their infections are resistant to the antibiotics that used to work. Scientists have invented newer classes of antibiotics, but prescribing those unnecessarily helped make the problem worse. With each new antibiotic, bacteria quickly became resistant. Doctors can use a test to check whether a patient's infection is resistant to an antibiotic, but the test can take several days and need special equipment. So when that's too inconvenient, they'll often just fall back on prescribing the stronger drug. Now a team at Berkeley has come up with a solution. Hi Tara. Hi. You invented a test called DETECT. What does it do? DETECT is a simple test that helps doctors treat bacterial infections. So tell me how it works. We're going after urinary tract infections first. That's our first target, because it's the most abundant bacterial infection around the world. So we would typically have a urine sample that was given to a doctor, but today we're just going to be using these synthetic urine samples. One that was prepared with a bacteria that actually is resistant to an antibiotic. And the other one that is negative and has a bacteria that would be able to be treated with an antibiotic. We just take this synthetic urine and we add it to our DETECT solution. You just mix it. Just mix it. That's it. And then we just kind of give them a little shake, and then we let them sit on the lab bench. DETECT is built with a bit of antibiotic in it. If the bacteria is able to destroy the antibiotic, DETECT will recognize the remnants of that battle. And in five minutes we'll have a color change. Of course, if it's positive, it does tell you that there is a resistant bacterial infection that's happening. However, if it's negative, it's great, because then a doctor can really treat with this lower generation antibiotic and sparing the use of alternatives. The hope is that we are developing a test that could be used all around the world that does not take any type of instrumentation or doesn't require electricity really. The fact that this test is really just a color changing, a visual detection, and you can know exactly how to treat a patient will really help decrease the inappropriate use and the overuse of antibiotics. The next version of DETECT will change to a red color instead of yellow to make it easier to see, and it should be available to doctors in a few years.


Hello it's Missy! Thank you for watching! For today's video I wanted to share some more hairstyles using hair scarves. I just think hair scarves during the summer months is such a cute idea and all of the scarves that I'm using in today's video can be found at my online store MissySewShop.com. I will link them down below in the description box in case you want to check them out. Make sure to like and subscribe, click that notification bell as always then you'll never miss any future videos and let's get started! For the first hairstyle I'm going to start by dividing off the top section of my hair. Starting above both of my ears I'm going to bring this hair to the back of my head and tie it off using a clear elastic band. Now I'm going to take my scarf and tuck it through the elastic band. Then I'm going to pull it through the elastic so the scarf is centered at the back of my head.  Then I'm going to divide off a similar size section on the left side and bring this over towards the back of my head as well. I'm going to take a clear elastic band and tie the two sections together underneath the crown section so it's sitting on top of the rest of the hair as well as the scarf.  I'm crossing the left side over the right then I'm looping the left side up and around the right side pulling the ends in opposite directions to tighten the scarf against my head. Now I'm going to divide off two new sections of hair from both the right and left side of my head. I'm going to use a clear elastic band to tie the two sections together over the top of the rest of the hair and the hair scarf as well. I'm going to tie the scarf over the elastic band so I'm taking the two ends and crossing the left side over the right pulling the ends in opposite directions to tighten the scarf against my head. Now I'm going to take the last section of hair at the nape of my neck using another clear elastic band. I'm going to tie the two sections together at the back of my head. Now I'm going to take the ends of the hair scarf and knot them over the last elastic so I'm crossing the left side over the right then I'm going to flip the end up and through the middle and then pull the ends in opposite directions so it tightens against my head. For the half up hairstyle I'm going to begin by dividing off a section of hair at the top of my head.  On the last rep of the elastic I'm going to pull the hair partway through and create a small little loop in the hair. Then I'm going to tuck my scarf through the elastic band and then pull the scarf through so it's centered in the elastic.  I'm also going to divide off another section of hair from the left side and combine it with the section on the right. Using a clear elastic band I'm going to tie the two sections together over the top of the rest of the hair. Now I'm going to flip the ends around the elastic band so the two side sections are twisted. Then I'm going to twist the hair so the left side will cross over the right and this will create a small little circle right above the elastic band and you can loosen the elastic a little bit to make this easier to do. But then I'm going to take my little bun from the previous section and pull it through this loop. So I'm placing my fingers through the top of the loop holding onto the bun and then pulling it up and through the loop. For the ponytail hairstyle I'm going to begin by dividing up a section of hair for the ponytail. I do want to leave some hair around the nape of my neck to create the knotted portion of the style.  Then using a clear elastic band I'm going to tie off this top section of hair to create a low ponytail. Then I'm going to take my scarf and slide this through the elastic band and then pull the scarf through so it's centered in the elastic underneath the ponytail. Then with the hair left down at the nape of my neck I'm going to divide this into two equal sections so I have a left side and a right side. I'm going to use these two sections to create a knot on top of the ponytail. So I'm going to cross the left side over the right side then I'm going to tuck the right side up and through the gap and then I'm going to wrap the two sides around the ponytail and combine them back together underneath. Then using a clear elastic band I'm going to tie the two sections together at the base of the ponytail. Thank you so much for watching I hope you enjoyed today's video be sure to let me know in the comment section which of the hairstyles was your favorite. I love knowing which one is the favorite so that I can film more of those in the future. Be sure to like and subscribe if you haven't already and click that notification bell then you'll never miss any future uploads and I will see you next time.


They're both here, both coming from the line, both coming from the line. They're both here, both people right now. They don't have flash, I don't have one. One enemy remaining, last player standing.


Hello and welcome to another video, but this is the first one here in the Netherlands and Yeah, this is me plus you is us. My name is Kwame. Hi. I'm Elaine and Yeah, we are doing if you guys could see the setup you'd laugh because we have a very makeshift setup we didn't bring enough gear So for example, we don't have a tripod so we're recording with a table and a stack of books we don't have lights so we're recording right in front of a window and Yeah, the lights here is not the best because At the time we're recording is still very dark even though it's morning Yeah, the light is different and there's not a lot of sunshine. Yeah, and that's one of the things that shocks me about Netherlands at least this be my first time Staying here during the winter season. So, yeah It's shocking It's a long winter for you. Yeah, it's a long one But funny enough the days go by a bit fast, but yeah The reason why we're making this video is just to give you guys an update we've been here a month already and We Just wanted to share how it's felt so far being here, but me especially The fact that I'm still experiencing a new or new culture shock Even though I've been coming here a few times. So Yeah, that's what I've been your observations my observations the first one would be that you know when we usually come here in You know during the summer or Sometimes late summer like, you know, almost autumn. I feel like okay People say it's cold even during that time like 15 degrees or like 10 degrees or 12 degrees And I'm thinking oh, it's not that cold I actually preferred so much because I can wear my t-shirt or just a light sweater on top of it And the breeze is nice, you know the temperature is nice and everything But when we arrived this time Yeah, it was really cool. It was minus three And that thing hit me like it hit me really hard. I was like whoa and it was a Painful chill like it's it's not fun at all. It's pinchy. Yeah, it's not fun at all And whoa that really hit me. So I take it back You don't like the cold. No, I take it back because I already even have a cold at the moment as you can probably hear But that's meaning that you're doing the Netherlands right because everybody in January either as a cold or a flu So I'm doing it right. Yes. You're experiencing it the right way Good so I've arrived that's that's basically it Yeah, so in this video, I'm probably gonna yeah No, I'm mostly gonna share the things that still, you know For you. Yeah are standing out for me. Okay. We are ready. Yeah And and forgive me if they don't all sound positive. It's winter. It's not my fault Yeah, so it's blue One of them is I think pleasant no the first one is pleasant which is listening to radio and hearing curse words freely like where I come from so I did radio for a couple of years and In Ghana, I mean, no, I don't know which radio station freely plays every music Explicitly as is no no radio station does that But here you turn on the radio and They are playing There's no time of day like there's no whole smart like you can be listed to radio around 11 And if they are playing WAP, I don't know if you know WAP or wet-ass pussy. I've said it. Yes, because you do block this Oh, I don't know. Maybe they would Maybe they would maybe they wouldn't but it's just everything is there. Nothing is blocked out. I'm like, wow That's a if I was a radio presenter here. I would actually really enjoy it And I think when I brought it up you said something that I mean if you know the song, you know that because words are ready Yeah, it's already in there. So what's the point of taking it out? Yeah for kids, maybe but Kids don't recognize it as curse words, right? They don't I don't think so. Well, maybe it's Now I'm glad you brought it up. So if a kid you take to school and that song comes out often and they listen to it and And They are experiencing like they like a song so much they sing it out Do you feel about that you can talk to them? No say like this is Meaning this and this this body part is not necessarily something we should sing about in public, but we can sing it at home No, you can sing it at home. Oh if they want to sing about their wet-ass Okay, okay, okay, I don't know we're gonna come to this maybe another time but The next thing that still takes me by surprise, I mean I already knew this but I saw it on a different level this time That's people are generally very economical like frugal. They know how to handle or save up money or Get the best deal or every like the best out of everything, you know, that's the frugality anyway, like you know using the money in the right way enough, you know and The one that took me out was witnessing this woman and her sister Sharing a teabag You're making tea and you're using one teabag for two cups. Why not why? It's just what we do I Think it's a Dutch thing, but because that same teabag makes a fool can make a full Teapot so why not just for two cups instead of getting our own you use that same teabag for one teapot One big teapot. Yes. You can use it for one teapot so that you can also use it for two cups, you know Yeah, we like when you use or except when I make tea for myself. I just put the tea back on the side I can use it again. What is your problem?  I want to know maybe it's a normal thing, but I don't Say like what kind of TV won't you just say oh, I want the same as you and then you just share Look at that I Want to say with you and then it's not just getting two individual teabags and making you know stronger tea You share one teabag. Yeah. I know I bow. It's fine. Wow and and Experiencing Dutch parties or gatherings or birthday parties. I Don't think can I don't think I can ever get used to it Why is that? the fact that parties first of all they start on time or Very early in my opinion like 7 p.m. Or whatever like, you know and You go in there and it's a group of friends who literally look like they just walked out Of the house or they're in their living room like they don't really Dress up. Yeah Yeah, but I also noticed that because maybe because I'm getting to Ghanaian But we went to a party of a friend It was me Krami and my sister dressing up and going and we didn't really dress up I mean Krami changed his sweater and My sister and I were wearing a different top like a more like Party top nothing to like fancy. No Everybody's just his sweatpants looking like hobos Why? Overdressed, but I I was still like even though I we were the only ones Overdressed, I was like no you guys got it wrong. Yeah, it's a party. You underdressed. You really underdressed Everybody was looking like They just came out of their living room in their like house clothes Like sweatpants sweater No, yeah, I'm just like still picturing it and The fact that parties are I mean first of all The rule is when somebody invites you to a party, you know in Ghana what that's in the person's house or Outside the person's house at the restaurant or something and it's their birthday and you're like, oh I'm having 20 people come over to my birthday. I've invited you over to this particular location. It's a restaurant Unless you and the friends coming, you know, everybody does on the list and you have decided that okay You are taking care of from the beginning, you know, you're taking care of this bill for this person's party You organized it not the person but when the person organizes it and sends you an invite, you know that they'd foot everything You eat you drink and everything is on them Nobody invites you to their party whether at home or Okay, at home. It's not possible to pay for anything nobody invites you to their party at a location and I best your first Round of drinks is on them and maybe one snack or something and then everything else afterwards You pay your own thing Yeah, but I think there is a difference because it depends on whether it's on location or Whether it's At somebody's house because when we were at my cousin's birthday at his house Like if everything was taken care of there was food or drinks all these things, but when you do it outside It's very expensive. So you say like, okay, I'll pay the first round the first two rounds They let them know in advance if they don't want to Take anything else after that that's up to them Maybe it's also our age because Maybe in ten years you would not do that structure anymore But now everybody's like trying to make ends meet and you just you know Yeah, I I guess but maybe it relates to the frugality or maybe it's just my stingy people, I Don't know if it's a Dutch thing I don't know is it that's any kind of anybody relates to this if you're not Dutch watching this that somebody invites you to their birthday party and You end up, you know Paying for your own bill after maybe the first round being on them. I want to know but I find it's a bit Yeah, it's it's it's a shock or it's a culture shock for me and I think the next one would be the road rules So this is the first he's personally affected. That's why I Feel it spill the juice So this one This is my first time because every time we come over We're most likely just cycling walking using the train This is the first time that we're staying here longer than our usual visit So it's more like you're living here a little bit, you know, we're here for a few months to have the baby and be with family as well and So this is the first time I'm driving here The road rules are a lot and not just a lot They are strictly ahead to like people adhere to the road rules here and don't think that you're on the highway somewhere and You can just enjoy the road. First of all, why do you guys have like? a Five no, if it's five year five years a 10 lane huge like really big highways You know very free highways and you can't just like go just because it's There and don't think that you can just drive anyhow and And just go home The cameras are actually watching everything because I was surprised we were just home and a A letter came In the mail, yeah that on this set date On on this at this time on this road You went seven kilometers above the speed limits and for that we're finding you Eight hundred cities if you convert it it was eight hundred cities I'll say whoa And and Unfortunately when that one came the that same morning so that the message or the dear That came in the afternoon, but in the morning. I already used the road again To go to Amsterdam and back and I was thinking whoa, I should be expecting another one coming in because I did not see this coming. Yeah, because where I'm from Yeah It's not the same It's not the same like if you know the road well and Where you're driving often, you don't have like oh the camera has caught you up and we have your address And so we've sent it to you. Yeah, so You have to adhere a bit more It was painful Yeah, it was painful ever since then ever since then I've been driving Super super In the You know confines I can't know And I try to remind you as well because when we're driving. She's more like the Google map Google maps plus Because she's using it when we're going to places we I mean of course you have to use Google Maps because I don't know the Netherlands that well. Yeah, and even if you do sometimes you Just need to have that to show you you can't know everywhere. It's huge. Come on like that I one thing I I Realize is how like road infrastructure is very very intricate like Everywhere, there is some road leading somewhere. So you couldn't possibly know all these thousands of thousands of Especially with the highways because kilometers turns Yeah, that's who that's who the exits Yeah, you are often exiting you have to be in the outer lane to exit left Yeah, and and you have to go a certain speed because you know buses or trucks use those lanes and Bra But you're doing well. I mean Driving in another country is not easy Yeah, so cut yourself some slack as well trying not to lose money. Yes, right So, yeah, yeah, that's that one and I Think the last one would be something that I think I've mentioned before I may have mentioned in our previous video on culture shock You can check that one out here and Still in the trains How people just really keep to themselves I can't get used to it and That I've said before But the other one is the fact that sometimes even when the train has some space, okay No, it's a busy train like you know, not too empty empty and people sit and There's one other space by them And you feel like if you sit by them, you're invading their space Yeah What do you mean? Yeah, meanwhile, there's there's a free space. You're not entire trot or anywhere And somebody's sitting on one of the seats and you feel like oh if I sit by this person I'm invading their space. Who should pay for that seat? Yeah, or when they put their bags on it Yeah, and you ask like could I because of so there's a bit of a staffing problem with the Trains currently in the Netherlands.  No exactly It's interesting and it's it's it feels so tense when you sit by the bike like somebody in a train like it's almost like Why are you sitting next to me like? But I get it when the train when the train is empty and then let's say their train is empty And then you sit here and I go sit next to you that I would find a bit weird Yeah, I mean Just be anywhere else Understandably so but when the train is not empty. Yeah, I mean, I don't I don't think people would make be so Weird about it that had an empty train so many other seats and you could only come and sit next to me on the two seats Lane, no, that's that's a bit much. I'm just saying that when the train is almost full and you go There's a space and why why is your bag on the seat? Yeah, it's a bit rude But I do think it also got worse because of COVID Because at some point you had to wear like the face masks in public transport and that's kind of for him It's you also from talking like the engagement is just a lot less because you only see the eyes and So I think that's kind of worse and like the distance to talk to strangers or like just care in general Yeah, because you just like focused on have to get here. I want to keep my distance. Don't come into my zone because of COVID maybe Well, okay, and any positive takes Well, I started on the positive. I mean, I mean on the flip side if you ask me even the with the road rules for example, it's a really good thing because then it forces people to Keep other people safe It's it's on the flip side It's a really good thing just because it affected me that I went seven kilometers above Speed particular speed limits and I go find for it doesn't mean that it's a bad thing It's a shock that it was actually that effective.  That's what I mean by the shock, but If I look at it, it's it's rather positive Okay, but any other experiences that were highlighted for you this month I went to the Amsterdam light show. Oh, you on your own we went through Okay, it took me out on a day. Thank you Give credit when credit is due. This was a surprise Surprise me. Thank you. He laid surprised me with the Amsterdam light show Which I think happens every year has been happening. I don't know when it started. I think about 11 years ago Good so It's just a light sculptures Yeah, all right on the waterway or the canal Amsterdam and I really really enjoyed it because Most of them were very creative And I learned that you just Apply for it to want to do it. It's not like they give the Contract to Specific anything any individual who has an idea wants to execute can apply and do it. Yeah And yeah, I really loved it Yeah, so it's a norm There's like a route you can walk so you buy kind of the map then you can walk around but that was like 6.5 kilometers and that's quite a lot for me in this state So I was like, no I can't do that. No so we Got a ticket for a boat and it's really nice because then you can get quite close to the artwork itself And you're at a different angle than from if you're looking at it from a bridge It's further way you're more high up but with the boat you can come really close. Yeah But which ones were your favorite or did you have a favorite? I had a couple of favorites. I like the matrix The most why is that? I think it was the simplicity of it and the fact that it draws you in with the output it on the screen for you guys to check out It draws you in with just a simple round screen and it's like it's very immersive driving or like when you're sailing Past it. I think that was my favorite. I also like the firefronts of the old hotel the very expensive hotel Yeah, that one I had so I'm so tells one of the most prestigious hotels. We had a really good guide She was really badass like she was the captain and as well talking Uh, so they talked about the artworks and then where they were located But what I liked about that fire was that it's it's you know, when there's heat coming off of a fire It kind of gives you this mirage. Yeah, and it looked like you can it looked like you there was heat coming off And I was like, how? There was this light The illusion of the lights that was really really really good And I also like the lollipop forest. Yeah, and that's what the captain named it Yeah, when we pass by The art pieces you ask us what what what do you think it looks like? What do you how would you name it if you like you would? You know, and I think the last one as well in the science museum the reverse waterfall I I for me that one wasn't so impressive, but I understand why you liked it Why do you understand? It was I mean It wasn't the most intriguing for me It was me. I liked it because I guessed it right She asked what do you think it is and then he said reverse waterfall reverse waterfall But nobody heard him when he was disappointed and later she yes, you raise your hand in class and nobody hears anything Yeah Okay, that's nice. So it was a good date. Yeah, it was a good day And after we got some really nice food Oh, yeah to warm up because it was quite cold. It was quite cold I don't think it was cold. It was very windy on that day. It was 11 degrees. I remember but the winds were extreme So it hits harder Yeah, and he also sitting still on the boat. It was a small boat. It wasn't like you could walk around It was more like a 10 people boat or something. Yeah, 15 maybe. Yeah, and we had a really Nice warm you and yeah, it was pretty good but um In the other days or yeah other things we've done one of them has been having maternity shoot Yes, that was long overdue. Yeah I was even thinking it might come too late. But in the end it did happen with Elaine's best friend Sabine Who was an amazing photographer? Shout out The Sabine from Israel Yeah, so what we're gonna do is leave you with a short clip of behind the scenes of how the day was with Yeah for a shoot That was nice to do Then I was the work of art for change You are a work of art That's enough Small photo shoot to memorize how my body is now And how this period has been so Yeah Let's see how it goes And that used to being like a model


Welcome back to Exotic Wine Travel. I am your host Matthew Horkey. Hi I'm Shereen Tan. Welcome back to the show. We're excited today because we are going we spend a lot of time in Europe and a lot of winemakers a lot of our European wine-loving friends say how do I get some American wines how do I get a chance to taste them because some of the most of the best wines in America never leave the US so. So today we're tasting American wines that are available in Europe. In the EU from our friends at 8wines.com. I have to let you guys know that the video has not been sponsored or paid for in any way but there will be a discount code if you want some of these wines at the end of the video and we do get a small commission for those wines so for whatever that's worth just not know that. Okay we're gonna taste three wines from California. Yeah and what's interesting is the three wines actually most of the grapes do not come from Napa Valley. Yeah so very interesting you know we do our our name our company name is exotic wine travel and we do like weird pockets of California of course Napa is exotic to people from Europe actually true but there's some really interesting wines being made so let's get into it. First of all we have actually a quite famous wine we have not tasted this yet. Shereen is very excited to taste this. This is the Oren Swift Mannequin 2015 mostly Chardonnay with some semi with no sorry Sauvignon Blanc and Muscat. So I picked this wine for as a sample because it's supposed to be a cool weather Chardonnay. And already I can smell it just pouring from there. Super peachy white melon floral stunning floral nose. Oren Swift is famous Dave Finney's the wine maker famous for the prisoner red blend also a saldo which we're gonna taste big massifies expect it was expecting this to be oaky sappy and I don't like it but this smells great right. The oak doesn't jump out at me. There's a little bit of this sweet spiced vanilla nose but it's not straight up oak on your nose it actually smells a little bit more bright you know creamy on the nose but the floral you know the floral really stands out to me. Well it's a great you get the I think I get the muscat too a little bit of flower the old flower let's give this a go. Freaking creamy and smooth in the mouth and pretty good acidity.  It sticks out a little bit for me it does it doesn't it doesn't bite into the fruit you still taste the flavors but there's a little bit of warmth in the throat for me. Okay I appreciate this a lot and I think people who like the full-fledged malolactic you know bigger shadow name would like this and and I think it's true to what is what the winemaker says and this is a cooler weather shadow name. I'm a good 4.4 point 2 out of 5 on this I think it's easily a wine that's good 90 point type wine what do you think? Oh certainly definitely more like a point. A lot of nuances to it. Really and the nose is killer especially for a white oh good good start to the show let's move on. One of Shareen's favorite grapes she is so excited we're gonna be tasting the GoldenEye Pinot Noir from Anderson Valley 2015 GoldenEye is a project of the Duckhorn family they started in 96 in Anderson Valley for just making Pinot Noir. I love cool climate Pinot Noir this is not a warm weather Pinot Noir as Shareen says. I was going on and on about it right because after this video and shoot we plan to do a tasting with the Croatian wine lovers and consumers as well so one of our friends messaged us and said oh I'm gonna get you a great Pinot Noir because it's warm weather you know along with your hot weather California wine and I was going on like come on this area Anderson Valley is not a warm weather place so just so you know I think a lot of people actually if you know American wines you would know that the average temperature in Anderson Valley is about 12 degree Celsius there are days that it gets up to 38 degree in day but the but it drops to like 8 to 10 degree Celsius. It's closer it's just north of Sonoma. Yeah closer to the sea let's give this a go. Darker color for a Pinot for sure this is an entry-level bot right away. Recaro, brown sugar spice. Grand cranberry a lot reminds me a lot of Sonoma Pinot Noir. There's a bit of this crunchy granny-smeaf apple nose to it like it's very fresh on the nose. Not floral or perfume more more like red fruit driven in terms of Pinot Noir let's give this a go. Oh spicy more of a full-bodied Pinot Noir. What do you think? I like it a lot. Nuance more full body. I'm telling you what this is something that I would highly recommend for people in Europe to try because this to me is is is really quintessential kind of Sonoma Anderson Valley Pinot Noir. We're more familiar with Santa Barbara Pinot Noir that have different flavor profile but this to me tastes a lot like what you're gonna get out of that part of California don't you think? It's it has a phenolic brightness that you would get from from Santa Barbara as well as Sonoma Anderson Valley really great mid-palate and the finish really shows the acidic backbone and cleanses the palate. It's not as fine and nuanced as some California Pinot Noir I've tasted but I definitely for me I think I'm enjoying this a lot I'm definitely like a 4.3 out of 5 on this I think it's pretty darn good. What about your what do you think? Yeah so this is 2015. I'm good to drink now but definitely has potential to evolve. You like it? Very much. Financial level bottling very nice job but actually I'm surprised actually was expecting to actually to find a little bit of a dud in here but so far so good. Oh and the M Pella is really long for the Pinot Noir. We're moving on to the to the prisoner wine company Saldo this is Zinfandel there's 15% Surah and Petit Surah on this. I think Constellation Brands bought this from Dave Finney the winemaker of the prisoner wine brand so so funny Shareen has wanted to try this for a long time back when we were in the States like years ago she was like will you buy that wine because I like the label. I mean when you look at a label it's actually there's no label at all it could be the world's smallest label. 16% alcohol. Wow so let's give this a go. Blue fruit, herbs definitely, jam like kind of like a jammy blackberry. Oh it's definitely crossing into jammy but it's too fresh like it you get the rightness but at the same time there's freshness to it. That's why I like it's not too woody either which I kind of like. Let's give this a go. Oh definitely lots of black berry plum clove very nice sweetness in the mouth. Jammy you definitely can feel the alcohol almost becoming a little bit port-like-esque because it's so rich in jammy don't you think? I seriously think that this is a wine that our Croatian friends would love. Yeah I think people are big masters for me that's not the type of wine that I enjoy drinking so much but people that want big red wines this is complete there's no holes or no look it's even though it's very right the palette is not heavy it's not the texture is not heavy in the mouth and I think that's a lot of nice freshness to it. I like zinc, California Zins with a little bit more herbal notes a little bit of nuances too but still this is pretty this is pretty this is a good example of California Zin. Do you like it? I like it for one glass to be honest it's not really the style of wine that I would drink a lot of but if you give it to me and with some beef stew or something I think it'll be really nice. For me I'm gonna say 4.0 out of 5 I think I can see a lot of people saying this is like 91 92 point wine getting super excited I think it's just solid but overall solid shallowing by California and anything you want to add on these wines? Don't don't don't pass on the salto wine because it's got beautiful sapo tannins it's just if you like that style of wine the biggest style this is beautiful. Well I'm gonna put the discount code up on the screen if I can't get it up on the screen I will put it in the description box you guys can get 15 euros out of 100 if you place an order of 100 euros if you want these wines or any other wines on 8wines.com yeah check it out. If you like this video please subscribe to our YouTube channel Exotic Wine Travel and we will see you in the next episode.


I think every meeting that I can remember, certainly everyone that was involved in organizing, we asked, who should we get to sum up? And the answer has always been Maynard Olson, no question, and we did it again, and this time once again Maynard agreed, and we're really happy to have him here. Maynard? Well, thanks Mark.  This is a really challenging occasion because genomics has clearly come of age. I'm really just going to make a few relatively philosophical comments about how I see the path ahead in genomics and Amy actually laid the groundwork for my comments because just to anticipate where I'm headed, I believe that looking long term, I'm really not talking about what should be done in 2014, but looking out 5, 10, 20 years which is the timescale that the new strategic plan adopted, I believe that genomics must move toward what I would call radical integration with medicine on the one hand and areas of basic science, basic biomedical research on the other. So you've all seen this graph repeatedly all I'll really say is that we are at an inflection point and for me the message I take from this enormous uptake in our capacity to acquire sequence data and related genomic data is that the potential is finally here to move genomics out into the real world and that's the challenge that I want to address. I'd like to root genomics as a quote from George Gamow's 1954 paper and I believe this was the beginning of genomics as an explicit challenge for biomedical research. This paper is mostly known for having an incorrect model for the genetic code, but it was the first paper commenting on the Watson Crick discovery that pointed out quite clearly that biological information is digital and that the hereditary properties of any given organism can be characterized as a long base four number. Indeed if the chemists had been in a slightly more subsidiary role and the bioinformaticians more ascendant in that time we would probably read DNA sequence the way it is on the second line as opposed to the first. The Human Genome Project was about finding out what our number is and what the numbers are for other organisms and we've heard today that tremendous progress has been built on that to look at variation in these numbers and so forth. But I just want to reflect briefly as a foundation for my later comments on what for lack of a better term I'll call the platonic idealism of this view of the genome. Biology is messy that tissues are squishy, the cells all look odd, they change as you're looking at them. It's hard to study. Who would have guessed 60 years ago that underlying this sort of messiest edifice of complexity in the whole natural world lay digital information. You go and look at the literature of that day and the hypothesis is not even there. This was a discovery that had simply not been anticipated. Now we've heard about epigenetics for example and all of the complexities that are quickly piled upon this nice clean message. So someone will tell us well it's not really digital information there are asterisks on some of the seas or metal groups or whatever that the situation gets more complex. Of course yes it gets more complex but that's the point is that genomics in its first generation its sort of basic driver head behind it the most powerful idea in biology and that is that biological information is digital. As we move on from there genomics must look more like the rest of biology and the rest of medicine. No longer can it operate in a bubble of this platonic idealism. I would argue that genomics over its first decades really has largely been operating in a bubble. Now this activity did as Amy pointed out to us impact on a lot of people's lives. But a lot of people are really a very select group that fell into quaternary care centers and were able to benefit usually because they have quite rare conditions. The challenges have had quite obviously deal with mainstream medicine the millions the tens of millions of people caught up in the economics of medicine and also it's essentially bottom with biological complexity. It's easy to find if you look about certainly if you were taking careful notes today or look about in the literature indications that genomicists have been inside this bubble perhaps already a bit too long. I don't even identify the individual who gave this quote in a recent tenure retrospective because my point is not to pick up on a particular person. Comments of this type are ubiquitous in the scientific literature and certainly in the public communications that come from our community. So epigenetics we're going to talk in a minute about genetic exceptionalism but for the moment we're now talking about epigenetic exceptionalism. Epigenetics may provide hope that we are more than just a sequence of our genes certainly we all hope that indeed we all know that and that our destiny and that of our children can be shaped to some extent by our lifestyle and our environment. What do we think that our lives are shaped by? If not by our lifestyle our environment the choices that we make as human beings we need to move away from the genetic exceptionalism which has driven this field and I would actually argue served it reasonably well in its infancy. That's the past we're talking now about the future. So genomics in the real world this is going to be an uncomfortable place in which to do genomics but let's get used to it and learn how to do it. What will it involve? Well a few years ago I got in some difficulty with my LC colleagues by showing this slide about what I referred to as the narrow squeezed pipeline between basically the science of genomics and sort of better health novel therapies and so forth. I understand the backlash that I wanted to defend the slide. There's a comma between narrow and squeezed. This pipeline is narrow that's the fundamental point about it. It is also squeezed by many concerns often rooted in genetic exceptionalist ideas we need to broaden this pipeline dramatically and squeeze it less.  Our message to the public at present is almost completely wrong everywhere you look. Yes we need to get out and talk to people, real people but we also need to start thinking more carefully about what we're going to say to them and again my point here is not to pick on Vanderbilt. It's actually a relatively benign advertisement. There is underneath it actually some scientific findings but it's an advertisement. Watch Mad Men. What does someone take away from this? They're intended to take away the idea that in your genome is the secret to protection against heart attacks and stroke. The reality being that we have almost nothing to offer in this area. We have underlie this particular application are essentially trivial in their clinical impact. Haven't been tested actually to see if they're efficacious but even if so play such a minor role in the management of patients who are at risk for heart attacks and stroke which are essentially all of us. But the message here is just not the one that we need to go forward with. So I'm actually going to draw my main inspiration here perhaps repair my relationships with the LC community by drawing on an idea which I think the LC community can genuinely take credit for. It certainly didn't come from the scientists. When I first heard LC researchers talking about genetic exceptionalism I thought that they were off the mark but that was then and this is now. I've changed but the field has also changed dramatically. As near as I can tell the phrase genetic exceptionalism was first used in the literature in this chapter by Tom Murray in a book edited by Mark Rothstein. But it bubbled up out of many discussions going on at that time. I know Glenn McGee for example at about the same time and I think independently I began writing about genetic exceptionalism. And there is now actually quite a rich literature on the subject. Not all of which is particularly aligned with the position I'm going to take today but that's what a rich dialogue is about. A complicated issue. So Tom knew why there were special concerns about genetic information. It's essentially the idea that for example in a medical record there's something really special about genetic data as opposed to all the other information that's in there. And that we must be particularly cautious, have particularly strong protections and so forth. So why did people think this? Well Tom explained why people think this. It wasn't actually irrational idea. In this paper he points out that the core roots of genetic exceptionalism were concerned about genetic prophecy. We've heard a lot about that. Jim didn't want to know about the APOE4 locust. Concerned for PIN. Genetic information has implications not just for the person who's been genotype but for close relatives. Concerned about genetic discrimination. It's a dominant issue throughout the genome project. A major focus of the LC program has been addressed to some degree by legislation. But indeed some of that very legislation is going to make the task going forward more difficult. Which was what Tom and others were warning us about. The more that we put genetic information in some special category and start enacting laws differently than we treat other clinical information, the more difficult it is going to be to achieve the integration that we now need. And there's a concern about enabling certain identification of individuals. An awkward phrase but something that came up repeatedly. And the last point I will just say that I think this is actually the most serious issue. On a time scale of 10 or 20 or 30 years we need to think a bit about this. And I'll just say in passing that I think the core problem here involves whether it will be technically feasible to separate forensic and health care information about individuals. This was rather easy to do when the FBI was off genotyping a few selected mutation driven loci and medically oriented geneticists were looking at other things. But obviously in the era of whole genome sequencing and that is the era that is relevant to my discussion there are going to be challenges there. It may be the most serious challenge. But as Tom and many others such as this I think also very early pioneering paper by Gaston and Hodge pointed out that we need to weigh these concerns stated on the previous slide with a concern for the public good of science. What Amy is telling us is that if we expect this enterprise to prosper and to sustain the generally good will that the public cares for it at the moment we need to address the challenge of how is it that we're going to integrate the information that we can now so readily gather into the real world of medicine. So a standard answer to that question which I would argue is a kind of 20th century view of the problem. Not a bad view one that certainly has had major benefits for medicine. I said well we're going to do a lot of prospective studies of this and that with tens hundreds thousands of individuals to look at the predictive value of known markers and so forth. I think the briefest reflection on this idea shows that whatever we're going to do it's not going to be this. Think about the number of different genotypes that are potentially of interest for their predictive value in medicine. It is simply infeasible to imagine that we're going to take every proposed genetic test whether it's mobilized by a direct-to-consumer company or integrated into health care or whatever and do some kind of prospective longitudinal study to see how wise it is to use that test return results to patients and affect clinical decision making with it. We need some other approach, a more 21st century approach. It's going to be our challenge to develop it. In the strategic plan one quote that really caught me I will say that I believe the strategic plan was a far more realistic document on these points than any I've read before. The particular quote interested me. Correlation of genomic information with high quality phenotypic data will benefit greatly from the linkage of genomic information to data gathered in the course of actual clinical care such as in electronic medical health records. I think there is no question that this is our future. The question is how long is it going to take to get there what is the path, what is the appropriate role for the NIH and for all of us. Lurching in our characteristic American way as we may be we are gradually headed for electronic medical records that one can actually compute on and transfer across institutions and so forth. We are a long ways from that goal as anyone who looks into this issue will tell you but it is a goal and indeed was clearly recognized during the long health care reform debates that if actually were ever going to drive down the cost of medical care without compromising its quality we need dramatically better outcomes research on all of the procedures that we do and this is the only way that we are going to do it because in the real world of medicine the prospective clinical trial also plays an important but very narrow role you just simply can't particularly in a world of rapidly changing care practices and context for medicine retesting everything that way. You do retrospective or observational outcomes research and if we are really going to do it in our population we are going to have to compute across medical records that's true whether we have any genetic data in these records or not however it doesn't take much sort of economic analysis to recognize the implications of the collapsing cost of gathering let's say whole genome sequence data. In this context what we compare it against is the cost of clinical care you know not the GMS budget or the NHGRI budget but the cost of clinical care we are rapidly approaching the time when gathering a huge amount of molecular data will add trivially to the cost of clinical care. We cannot be the ones out of research budgets that are paying for endless clinical coordinators and people to call up patients on the telephone and remind them to come in and someone to draw blood and so forth. This is going on already on a massive scale and if we are going to succeed in integrating medicine and genomics we are going to have to tap into that all of the difficulties of doing so notwithstanding. So my message here really is that to capture this bright future we need a new message and we need some path out of the bubble and into the real world. I've touched on a few of the obstacles to getting there. Many of them are right in the heart of the ELSI agenda and yes we need to get out of the lab and talk to real people but we also need closer engagement with the ELSI community of the type that Amy McGuire discussed because this is now a partnership which is going to succeed or fail together. So I just want to close with a word about basic science focused on translational activities of major focus of the strategic plan that doesn't tend to go deeply into the issues surrounding basic science applications of genomics. I'll just share with you an insight that I had as I thought about what I would say on this topic if I had more time and really it comes back to genetic exceptionalism it's essentially the same problem. Biology is complicated, it's extremely complicated genomics and it's inside the bubble sort of platonic form relatively simple. I'd like to say that sequencing the genome gave biologists their first taste of complete knowledge.  Biology just isn't like that. If you read the history of biology you'll see that it's a history of successive waves of frontal attacks, brute force attacks on biological complexity. It's been going on for centuries. There was a Linnaean attack, hierarchical classification, the way of making sense of life forms. There was a comparative embryological attack careful comparison of early embryos all across the phylogenies that the Linnaeans had constructed was going to sort of tell us how development worked. When I was a young scientist there was an entomological attack. Cold rooms were proliferating and everywhere we were going to purify every enzyme and figure out its active sites and its allosteric regulation and so forth. I think it goes without saying that these frontal attacks all failed. Biology itself moved on dramatically but always by changing the conversation that it was engaged in. Not by adding more zeros to a strategy that had already gathered most of its hanging fruit. With basic science my main message would be that let's be cautious of views of the future which basically add more zeros to things that we've already done. There is some scaling up here and there that needs to be done and again I emphasize I'm not talking about the next few years. I'm trying to look to the future but I'm also not talking about the next century. It better not be that long. So you look at a basic science paper a very good one. It's a 131st author as my close friend Bob Waterston. So that's an actual count. What is the future of this kind of work? In the past we've already heard a lot about today an enormous amount has been accomplished and I have no intent of denigrating that. My concern has to do with the future. Many proposals for learning about the modification state of every lysine and every histone and every nucleosome at every stage of development and so forth are too reminiscent for comfort of these past frontal attacks on biological complexity. I think if you reflect just briefly on today's talks the ones that were just the most exciting they were the ones that were operating outside the bubble. Genomic methods, genomic perspectives and so forth were tightly integrated with many other modes of investigation including clinical ones. Dan Kastner talked about particular patients with particular phenotypes which driven his career. Rick Lifton's example was fascinating of going into the Framingham study. The Framingham study no less and genotyping a lot of people so that he could acquire a few by genotype that were worthy of a particular study and tap into the fact that there was already extensive clinical information about them, longitudinal information. So that's the world that I'm sort of looking out at is one at which eventually the whole population is going to be the theater in which we do such integration. But on the basic science front I think that we will increasingly find also that rationalist sort of views that we finally have found the key to cancer, to development, to this, to that are going to disappoint. The key is to take these new tools and to integrate them tightly with the whole variety of basic science approaches hypothesis generation and all that have always driven real success in those fields. Now the same passing that in terms of Amy's charge that we need to get out of the lab and go and talk to real people the broad agenda that I sort of laid out with very broad brushes would actually guarantee that that happens. I guarantee that you start getting molecular data into health records not into some artificial study for a few very heavily counseled people. There's going to be a tremendous dialogue started with the clinical community, with patients and with society at large and I believe that in basic science we may find a similar phenomenon with microbiologists and biochemists and cell biologists and so forth. I'm not saying that this doesn't go on now, I'm just saying that the future of genomics is to make these ties and then the future will be bright. Thank you.


Well, Andina Dama was a quibom state. Governor Udom Emmanuel has rededicated the state to God, attributing the rising profile of a quibom state's development and prevailing peace to God's unfailing messes and guidance. Governor Emmanuel, who led top government functionaries on Sunday at a specially interdenominational solemn assembly to rededicate the state to God in ushering year 2022 at Sacred Heart Catholic Church, called on a quibom to thank God for sustaining the state through challenges in recent years. The governor who acknowledged the peace and development witness over the years in the state said it was attained through the collective contributions of residents. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.