Good morning. Welcome to CMC Markets on Friday, the 7th of January 2022. Happy New Year to you all. And this quick look at the week ahead beginning the 10th of January 2022. And it's been a mixed start to the year for equity markets, particularly with respect to European markets and US markets. US markets have had a difficult first few days of 2022, as I speak, ahead of today's US payrolls report for December. European markets, on the other hand, appear to be doing quite a bit better. Obviously, that presupposes that today's US payrolls report doesn't throw up anything in the way of curveballs. But certainly, I think this week's market action has been upended to a certain extent by the release of this week's or last month's Fed minutes. Now, you may recall, last month, the Federal Reserve outlined an acceleration of its tapering program to $30 billion a month starting this month. It also adopted a slightly more hawkish outlook when it came to tackling the risks of rising inflation, bringing forward the prospect or expectation of three rate hikes in 2022 and three rate hikes in 2023. Now, this week's minutes sprung a little bit of a surprise because while none of the above or what I've just spoken about was a surprise, an animated discussion or a spirited discussion about reducing the size of the Fed's balance sheet did make it onto the agenda. Now, that's probably not going to be or shouldn't be too much of a surprise given that it does tend to go hand in hand with the prospect of rate rises. But to look at the market reaction, you would have thought that the Fed were looking to start reducing the size of their balance sheet as soon as the next meeting, which is essentially not the next meeting because the next meeting is the end of this month, but certainly at the next key meeting which is in March. Well, that simply isn't going to happen and it's not likely to happen given the fact the Fed is still adding to its balance sheet and will only finally stop adding to its balance sheet at the March meeting when the likelihood of a March rate rise has risen quite significantly over the past few days and we can see that borne out in the way that the U.S. 10-year yield has behaved over the course of the past few days. We've seen a big rise in 10-year yields from 151 at the end of last year to 172 today. So, so 20 basis points in the space of five days, which is not too shabby when you think about it. We've seen a significantly similar move in U.S. two-year yields as well. If we look at this chart here, we can see a similar, rather sharp move higher in two years. So, look at the 31st of December, 0.73, we're up to 0.87. So, again, it's a similar sort of story for the five-year. I won't show you that because it's basically just reinforcing a narrative that's pretty much baked in. But if we look at a slightly longer timeframe, we're still well below the levels that we were pre-pandemic. So, I think while there is a concern about rising inflationary pressure, there are, we are starting to see some early signs that maybe some of the bulk of that inflationary pressure is starting to subside. Now, certainly there are further upside risks. We can see that being played out currently in oil prices. And we can see that with respect to Brent Crude. But crucially, what we've seen here with Brent Crude is we're retesting the highs that we saw back in October and November. And certainly the line of least resistance is very much to the upside at the moment, particularly given what's going on in Kazakhstan, which produces 1.6 million barrels a day. There's no evidence so far that output there has been affected by the recent unrest, which suggests that markets are probably worried a little bit too much about supply disruption relative to obviously increased demand. And certainly COVID cases this first week of the year have been increasing. But more importantly, what we have seen is the hospitalization rates still remain very much towards the lower end of expectations. And while hospitalizations have been rising, an awful lot of those COVID cases have been as a consequence of other, there being people being in hospital with other conditions. So in other words, patients have been treated for something else, but have also tested positive for COVID as well. Obviously, staff absences are also playing into the strain on various health services around the globe because of self-isolation rules. Even if you're asymptomatic, don't have any symptoms and you test positive, you have to isolate, which to my mind seems completely bonkers when pretty much over 70 or 80% of people who are in hospital are vaccinated and double or even triple jab. As I am, I'm triple jabbed as well. So the likelihood of serious illness remains very, very low, particularly when it's Omicron where the symptoms are relative to Delta and Alpha fairly mild. Nonetheless, this is where we are. And what we've seen so far this week has been what I would call a very mixed start to trading on equity markets. This week, FTSE 100 has outperformed. We are now well above 7,400. We've been as high as 7,530. The bigger question for me is whether or not we can continue to move higher. And I suspect that we probably can. As long as we can hold above 7360, which is essentially this area of peaks through here, then for me, while we are seeing a little bit of short-term weakness, for me, the risk for the FTSE 100 still remains for further gains back towards the levels that we saw pre-pandemic. It's quite instructive, in my opinion. FTSE 100 is one of the few global indices that hasn't been able to retest or get anywhere near close to its record highs all the way back here in 2018 when it was trading as high as 7,903. Haven't been anywhere close to that. There are many reasons for that. Obviously, the weakness in the banking sector, weakness in travel and leisure, and weakness in oil and gas. Those are very key significant sectors in the FTSE 100. And as such, it helps explain why this particular index has underperformed. Certainly in the context of where we are at the moment, FTSE 100 certainly has scope to go an awful lot higher. While we hit my end of year target 7400, I'm certainly not complacent about the fact that we could go higher. I would expect us to do so. Looking at the German DAX, we've run into a little bit of resistance up around 16300, which coincides with the previous peaks all the way through here. We've come off in the last three days, but nonetheless, we are still up on the week for the DAX. You can see Monday's performance here, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and obviously today, Friday. Now, that obviously could change, but there is obviously significant resistance on the German DAX at 16300. So that is a bit of a worry, the fact that we weren't able to take that particular level out. So I'll be paying particular attention to that with the fact that the slow stochastic is also rolling over. That does raise the potential that we could slip back towards the 15600 level in the short to medium term. So the DAX does look a little bit toppy. We similar sort of story with respect to the NASDAQ. We retested the highs. We're now looking to retest this key area of support around 15500. That remains a key risk for the NASDAQ 100. But then even below that, we've got this trend line from the lows back in March 2021, which could also act as a fairly decent area of support as well. And then below that, we've got the 50 day moving average. So there are decent areas of support coming in on the NASDAQ 100. Looking at the S&P 500, it's a similar sort of story right on the 50 day moving average. You can draw in a trend line from the October 2020 lows here. And that's a nice little trend line there. And you've also got this area of support through 4500. So while we're seeing a little bit of weakness in US equity markets, it's not really any dissimilar to the pockets of weakness that we've seen over the course of the past few months, where we see impulsive thrusts lower, only to then rebound of key support levels. So while you can certainly make a case for a little bit of profit taking in US equity markets, especially, we still need to break the key technical levels to suggest that is likely to play out. And that's something that we really do need to pay attention to as we look ahead towards next week's key indicators. And in the context of that, and the discussion around higher rates and the likelihood of the Fed reducing the size of its balance sheet, sometime in Q3 or Q4 of this year, certainly no sooner it'll be unlikely to be sooner than that. And I think that's something the market needs to get its head brown. Also, the fact that if there's any evidence that inflation is starting to show signs of topping out or softening, that could also temper rate hike expectations going forward. And that I think is why this coming week's US CPI numbers for December could be very important, because we saw in the prices paid data from the ISM surveys that it was a bit of a mixed bag manufacturing. ISM prices paid saw a big drop in December. Those services remained fairly resilient, but it didn't go surging significantly towards the upside. So with a March rate hike, very much a live discussion. You know, the St. Louis Fed President James Bullard hinted at that earlier this week. This week's December CPI is likely to be a key signpost in the wider discussion as central banks wrestle with the dilemma of rising price pressures and an economic slowdown caused by tighter restrictions and declines in consumer confidence. Now, in November, US CPI, as a reminder, hit a 39 year higher, 6.8%. Just think about that for a moment. 6.8%. Earlier this week, German CPI hit 5.3%, which was the highest level since 1992. Yeah, so we're talking really elevated levels of inflation. And let's not forget the interest rates in Germany in 1992 were 8.5%. They're minus 0.5% now. So there's a huge difference there as well. So the big question, I think, as we look towards these November numbers, I'm sorry, December numbers for US CPI, is whether or not we're going to see a move through 7%. And that is certainly the forecast given the direction of travel that we've been seeing in PPI numbers. The PPI numbers have been very much leading indicators for CPI, pretty much across the board, whether it be China CPI, German CPI, UK CPI, or US CPI. So if you look at PPI over the same period, that's been trading up near 7.78%. So it wouldn't surprise me to see US CPI coming at 7.1% for December. And that's certainly what the forecasts are. Excluding food and energy is expected to go through 5% to come in at 5.4%. So that's certainly a question in terms of, is higher inflation already priced into bond markets? And if so, how much is priced in? And what effect will that have on the US dollar? What is the dollar index? We've been seeing higher and higher levels of CPI. And yet over the course of the last few weeks, the dollar's gone nowhere. And the reason for that is because we've also been seeing higher and higher levels of CPI pretty much everywhere else. So it's really a question now, who do you think is going to blink first? And everyone is pretty much priced in the fact that the Federal Reserve is likely to blink next. The Bank of England blinked first in December when it raised rates to 0.25% came under some criticism for doing that. But to my mind, it was already priced in. So there was no downside for them to doing it. And that's why the Pounders probably performed slightly better this week than perhaps it would have done if the Bank of England hadn't hiked. And now the possibility is the Bank of England could go again at its decision in February or they could well wait until March. But at the end of the day, bottom line is it's quite likely that the markets are pricing in a rate hike for the Fed this year, more than one. Rate hike from the Bank of England, potentially more than one. European Central Bank rate hikes, yep, do me a favor, probably not going to happen. Certainly I think the ECB is likely to look at asset purchases before it looks at potentially raising rates. I think there's very little likelihood of the ECB pulling rates above zero in the near to medium term. We've also got US retail sales coming out next week on the 14th of January. And despite the levels of inflation, US retail sales have been fairly resilient. And the expectation perhaps is that it is likely to continue. We saw a gain of 0.3% in November compared to an October gain of 1.8%. I would suggest that December is probably likely to be fairly weak given the fact that there was widespread restrictions starting to kick in throughout December as rising COVID infections prompted a number of US states to impose restrictions on movement. So we could see a disappointing month for US retail sales as US consumers stay at home and avoid crowded spaces. So they're able to see the families over the Christmas and New Year period. You're probably going to see a similar trend play out in the UK retail sales numbers in the following week. So what is essentially all of this mean for currencies going forward? Well, in terms of Eurodollar, it's really hard to get enthusiastic about Eurodollar, I've got to say. But having said that, we do appear to be finding a little bit of a short-term base in and around 112. But we've also got decent resistance at 113.85%. So at the moment, it's a bit of a range trade. It is finding support at very gradualistic higher levels. But for me, the buyer still remains very much to the downside. But I think it really depends on where we go and how we react around this area here, 113.85%. If we get a move through 113.85%, we could see a squeeze back to this blue downtrend line here. It's a similar sort of line on the dollar index pointing towards the upside on this chart here. You can draw it through there. Dollar index is essentially a proxy for Eurodollar. It does appear to be starting to show signs of a little bit of a rollover. It really depends on whether or not it can get back above 97 or break below 112 on Eurodollar as to where we go to next. But certainly, I think there is scope for a little bit more dollar strength. But I think an awful lot of that will depend on the data going forward. So Eurodollar is a bit of a Zedsville at the moment. But overall, there does appear to be some early signs that perhaps we could be due a little bit of a short squeeze. Having said that, looking at cable, we're still within this downward channel that we've been in pretty much since June last year. Very much a year of two halves for cable over 2021. Strong first half, weak second half. Now, we've had a good start to the year so far. Hit a high of 136. To really, I think, get a focus on a higher pound, we need to take out this trend line from the peaks back in June. If we're unable to do that, then the likelihood is we're going to drift back down towards 134. Why 134? Because it coincides with these two loads through here and through here. So if I draw a line through that, that can give me a sort of bit of a benchmark as to where we can drift back to. So that's around about 134, 134.20. We break back below that, then obviously the biggest support is around about 131.70. But we've certainly seen a much more firmer pound in the opening hours of 2022 than has been the case over the course of the past few weeks. And it is welcome. The bigger question or not is whether we can sustain it. One of the reasons the pound has been so strong is because we've broken to the downside in Euro sterling. We've finally broken that 84.50 level. It's been a very messy downside move. But ultimately, I would expect that to continue, but not before potentially a little bit of a short squeeze higher. But what's significant is we've finally been able to get back below these November lows down here around about 83.80 and traded as low as 83.30 here. Now the big question is, can we make further losses down towards these lows back in February 2020? You would have to think so as long as the Bank of England is able to deliver on any further rate rises. And I think that's the big question at the moment. Will the UK data hold up enough to justify a semi normalization of monetary policy for the Bank of England? If they're able to do that, then we could will see further gains for the pound against the Euro. We do have UK data out next week. We've got the monthly GDP numbers for November, as well as as well as other data. But that's the main data that I'll be keeping an eye out for. And that's expected to come in with a rise of 0.4% after October disappointed with a 0.1% expansion. But all of that is by the by December is likely to be disappointing because of the plan B restrictions that were implemented by the government just prior to the Christmas period. The only plus point to that was that they actually didn't impose a lockdown. So quickly have a look at the Aussie dollar as a quick side show here. We've seen a bit of a big decline in the Aussie dollar here. That could well weaken further on the back of dollar strength. But overall, we could see a little bit of dollar strength in the short to medium term. But as highlighted by Euro dollar, it does appear to be showing signs of waning a little bit as most of the tightening appears to be already starting to be priced in. And that's no better evident than in what the US bond yields have been doing. On the earnings front, we've got some key numbers from the likes of Tesco's Sainsbury's Marks and Spencer's Christmas trading announcements. If we look at Tesco's, for example, they've been very much the outlier when it comes to outperformance over the course of the past 12 months. It's recent Cantor numbers, Cantor World Panel trading numbers, showed that of the big four supermarkets, they did the best with Christmas sales or Q4 sales that fell 0.9% compared to 2020 levels. Now that may seem a little bit disappointing, but you've got to remember that in 2020, most of the country was locked down and an awful lot of people stayed at home. And that meant that they ordered a lot more food in than would have been the case, given the fact that this year, people were allowed to travel around. So we're able to visit friends and family. So numbers should be fairly good. We could see a profit upgrade going forward. Certainly, I think when you compare it to, say, for example, Sainsbury's, Tesco's is very much outperformed, whereas Sainsbury's is underperformed, which I find bizarre because when you actually look at Sainsbury's numbers, they're actually not that bad. There was the bid speculation that we saw in August, which subsequently amounted to nothing. But certainly there is talk that Sainsbury could be susceptible to a bid, perhaps because of its valuations. Morrison's has obviously been pulled off the stock market, as has been bought out. That really only leaves Tesco, Sainsbury's, and to a lesser extent, Mark's and Spencer's, which is moving into the food space with its tie-up with Ocado, which are basically the only players in the UK food sector. When you look at the Mark's and Spencer's, that's done and continues to do very, very well. It's been one of the big winners over the course of the past 12 months. Mark's and Spencer's upgraded their four-year profit-for-tax outlook to be in the region of 500 million at its last trading update. The company has also signed deals with White Stuff, Fatface, to basically sell their products on its website. There's a special section on the M&S website called Brands. Click on that and you can order third-party brands from the M&S website. Obviously that's helped add to the numbers for M&S's general merchandise sales. That's certainly a significant contributor to the outperformance that we've seen in M&S. We've also got ASOS. That's due out as well. Online retailers have had a nightmare last year. ASOS has had a nightmare this year, all on the basis of higher supply chain costs, higher staff costs, higher product costs, eating in to their margins. That'll be interesting to see how that pans out. Finally, we've got the start of US earnings season. We've got JP Morgan and Citigroup Q4 earnings. We look at how banks have performed over the course of the past few days. They've done very, very well. Obviously, they will do well on the basis of higher yields. If UK banks are going to do well, so are US banks. Certainly, they've traded sideways for the past three months or so. In fact, pretty much since this time early last year, Q2 last year, March, April, US banks have pretty much traded sideways despite the fact that they've been releasing reserves from loan loss reserves to boost their profits. They haven't actually been able to make new record highs, which is interesting. The JP Morgan numbers this year have been impressive. Q3 numbers saw revenues beat expectations at $30.44 billion, $30 billion and a quarter revenues. Profits the beat was large. Again, loan loss provision releases. Most areas of the business, fixed income was the underperformer. The bigger question is, will that continue to be the underperformer? Are these windfalls now firmly in the rear view mirror? Are future returns likely to be much harder won? That is the big question when it comes to US bank earnings. It's a similar story to Citigroup. We look at Citigroup's numbers and you compare them or share price and you compare it to JP Morgan. They have underperformed quite significantly relative to JP Morgan. The same factors that have seen JP Morgan's shares trade sideways have seen Citigroup's numbers trade lower. Equity is in trading done very well. Release of loan loss reserves has been a familiar theme over the course of the past 12 months for US banks as it has been for UK banks. Again, fixed income. That's been a serial underperformer. What's business lending been like? What's consumer lending been like? All of these have been key factors when it comes to the economic recovery. What will this week's or this coming week's Q4 numbers tell us not only about the US banking sector but overall about the health of the US consumer? I know I've gone on a bit today simply on the basis of the fact that it's the first one of this year and there's quite a lot to get through. Hopefully that will have given you something to get your teeth into as we look forward to a 2022 that's likely to be very challenging shall we say in terms of direction when it comes to how markets are likely to perform. More importantly, when it comes to whether or not we've seen a short-term top in US equity markets and whether or not we're going to see new record highs for say for example the DAX or whether we're going to see the FTSE 100 break above 7,500 and head towards those pre-pandemic peaks of 7,800. So that's it for me for this week. Once again, thank you very much for listening. This is Michael Houston talking to you from CMC Markets.


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Hey, here we are, end of day two. Two men just gave the final speech. Frederick DeNoro. God, I got that right. You guys just got upset. He gave a tandem speech that will be available later on. Tell everybody before the video comes out, this will be released. What exactly are you guys chatting about? A game over. The truth. The truth from the beginning to the game over. Basically, we talked about common issues and common good things to do for the beginning, the middle, and the end of your so-called community life. And for us, it was also the final speech, because we're getting out of the community. Yeah, it's the end. Like the main message for us. At some point, it's time to go.  And then you'll do one of those things, maybe like Van Halen. Now, Fred, you've spoken here before, but what is one thing that you like the most about a convention like this? Well, I think like we just set off camera, you know, it's really, it's sort of the only place that I think that people would actually willingly hear stuff that might be considered, you know, it's not really debunking the community, but that's not necessarily all that positive and actually has specific issues with it. So, yeah, although I think it's really about actually moving on, right? Of course, it's really about moving on to better things, whether it's finances or, you know, health and nutrition, all that stuff. It's actually all being dealt with here. So I think it's something Anthony's realized as well. Definitely, you know, years ago, even when he started to pick up on this, I think that's a really healthy thing. You just kept going and developing. Yeah, not necessarily on the basis of time per se, but a series of steps in your life. I think you guys really touched on that a lot in your speech and like beginning in Atlanta. Yeah. Yeah, I mean, you know, we wanted to sort of describe the way not to say, okay, guys, we're at the end now. And, you know, this is what we know. We sort of wanted to relate it also to the beginning. And, you know, it's sort of hard to talk about. It's really hard to, you know, go back there and think what was really the issue, you know. But, yeah, we really tried our best to at least tackle some of that stuff. Thanks for taking us on that time journey through, you know, journey through time. They're back to the future. Now, finally, before we wrap this up, would you guys say that you both endorse the 21 convention? Definitely. Yeah, definitely. It's, even if I ever start hating the pickup community, I will still endorse the 21 convention. Because I think this is really the place where young men who really don't have that much leadership in their lives anymore. Because usually when they meet their dad most, between 7 and 14, their dad's gone working. But here they can meet with other men and also learn from men who are a bit older, who have, or who are a bit more focused in one or the other path of experience, be it health, wealth, or relationships. They basically get role models. They basically get the information that their dad was supposed to have given to them 10 years before. But unfortunately didn't have the time for. So this is, for us, this has nothing to do with pickup or anything. This is like the information that a boy needs to become a man really. That's why I'd endorse it. Excellent. Alright, well thank you guys for joining me. Cheers. Good luck in the, you know, post game. We're all there anyhow. And thank you guys for joining. Until the next video, cheers from London. Bye.


Hackensack University Medical Center is a place where people really want to go to train. We have tremendous faculty, we have a brand new medical school, we have residencies that are really at the top, we have a tremendously diverse patient population, so it's a great place to learn and people recognize that and our residencies are very competitive. People want to come here. The Department of Vanities Theology at Hackensack University Medical Center is a very large department. We are the biggest in the state of New Jersey with over a hundred attending physicians. What sets us apart is the level of mentorship that we provide, career opportunities and clinical experience. We are with the busiest hospital in the state of New Jersey. We were the first hospital in Bergen County and so we perform anesthetics here on virtually every surgical service imaginable. I really wanted a program that had a family feel, small program size really attracted me. Here the anesthesia program is only for people per class, so I really liked that aspect of it. I knew I had easy access to the program director, to the attendings. They just brought about this family feel that I was looking for. Your training at our program will be the best you ever receive. We have one-on-one attending supervision with excellently trained physicians of all subspecialties. We have no allied health and we have one-on-one assignment of programs and cases. Residents will have a very robust and structured didactic program that incorporates board review, problem-based learning, oral board review, case-based learning. I feel empowered to take care of patients autonomously. They really give us independence in as much as they feel comfortable and as much as they can in us caring for patients early on. We come up with a plan, we take care of these patients and then we go to our attendings for advice and for support, but they're doing their best to really let us take ownership of our patients, which has been really nice. Being a resident at Hackensack University Medical Center, you really get the best of both worlds. You get a very large tertiary, quaternary care medical center experience in the environment or the geography of the suburban area. So as far as living opportunities and social and cultural opportunities, we're very close to Manhattan yet we're in an area where housing is very affordable, very diverse. Hackensack University Medical Center and our department is a very progressive, well-rounded department. You'll work alongside physicians that care about you, take what you feel to heart and we very much take medical education very seriously.


I'm Michael Vunch on the plant pathologist at the Carrington Research Extension Center and we do a lot of sclerotinia head rot research on sunflowers, trying to improve the management of this really terrible disease. Our management research has been extensive and we've been conducting it for now, this is my eleventh year out here working on this. And what I'd like to discuss today is the effectiveness of using partially resistant hybrids, the effectiveness of using fungicides, and then a novel strategy of using bees to carry a biological control agent to the front of sunflower heads. And first off hybrids, what we have learned is that there are very good oil seed hybrids out there with really impressive levels of sclerotinia head rot resistance. No hybrid is completely resistant, but the difference between the susceptible commercial hybrids and the partially resistant ones is tremendous. We're talking the difference between 60 to 90 percent incidence of head rot in this season versus 10 to 25 percent. The difference between anywhere from four to 25 percent sclerotia, the resting bodies of the sclerotinia fungus by weight in the harvest of grain versus one to two percent or even lower in the exact same randomized study. And the difference between 400 to 800 pounds an acre yield and 1700 to 2500 pounds yield. So you're talking the difference between a money making crop under a conditions highly favorable for head rot, where you get 2000 pounds an acre and only 1 percent sclerotia by weight versus a total train wreck of 400 pounds an acre and 15 percent sclerotia by weight in the harvest of grain. There are very big differences. The challenge is finding the partially resistant hybrids.  The further along they are in bloom, the percentage of the disc flowers in bloom, the more susceptible they are. And so if the susceptibility data originate from a variety trial run at any given location where during one point of the bloom period conditions became favorable for head rot, whichever hybrids happen to be predominantly in bloom during that period because of their maturity are going to come up with the most disease. And so the only way that you can rigorously and have any confidence at all in head rot susceptibility of hybrids is when the screening is done actually with supplemental overhead irrigation and hand inoculations where every sunflower head is inoculated at the exact same growth stage and every single sunflower head irrespective of maturity and when it entered bloom is subjected to the same overhead watering regime. We've run these tests here in Carrington and when we conduct the testing that way we get extremely replicable results. We've done it at other locations as well and you consistently get the same hybrids performing the best year after year location after location. But it has to be done that way. That collected from just a variety trial at any given location that happened to have conditions favorable for head rot during one period of the bloom period, those data are not going to be useful because again it's going to be those unlucky sunflowers who happen to have the level of maturity that caused them to be in bloom during that period that are going to come up as most susceptible just because they happen to be at peak susceptibility when the conditions were most favorable while other sunflowers were at other growth stages where they were less susceptible. So be very careful in choosing oil seed hybrids. Figure out where the data are coming from and remember also that the resistance is partial is you're never going to get complete resistance. With confection hybrids we found some differences in susceptibility but the differences are not as strong okay but some of the newer materials coming out of the companies are quite promising and can help with management of head rot quite significantly but it's again a less useful tool than in the oil seeds because the strength of that partial resistance is weaker. The next critical question is fungicides. Can you use a fungicide to manage head rot on sunflowers? The big problem is getting the deposition to the front of the head. We've done extensive trials looking at the application timing, the fungicide chemistry and the application method. We've tested dropper size. We've tested drop nozzles attached to high-boy sprayers and what we have learned through all of this testing and this is extensive testing with many years it's five to twelve acres of plots, very large plots, tractor applied, real world spraying conditions. What we have found is that fungicides do not offer satisfactory control of head rot under any conditions. The only conditions under which we get any efficacy from fungicides is when we apply the fungicide in such a manner we get very good deposition to the front of the head typically with drop nozzles attached to a high-boy sprayer that spray laterally into the heads between the rows. And then we inoculate within one day of spraying basically the only portion of the sunflower head that's protected by the fungicide is that ring of disc flowers that's in bloom or recently completed bloom when you spray the fungicide. Because incipient buds in the middle of the head they're really small and you cannot get good enough coverage to cover them all. And when those come into bloom they do not have sufficient fungicide on them and there's not a significant enough percentage of them with fungicide to get adequate control. So what we have learned is you get at best one day fungicide residual, maybe two out of a fungicide application. So in essence if you knew rain was coming in tomorrow you'd have to get out today with a high-boy sprayer and cover all your acreage and then you'd only get protection for that rainstorm tomorrow. It's not realistic and it's not economic and my recommendation is save the money. You're only going to be sinking more money in and not going to get any control out of it and it's not worth the money. The one strategy that we are testing that's shown promise thus far is a really novel idea and this is the use of bees, honeybees to carry a biological control agent to the sunflowers. And there's a company out of Ontario called Bee Vectoring Technologies that's developed a biological control agent that they dispense such that the bees when they exit their hive walk over it and have it on their tummies in their feet and then when they go out into the crop they carry the biological control agent to the crop as they pollinate. And what we have found is that we're getting often 50% control with this biological control agent. The big question that we have is how far away from the hive do you get adequate bee activity that you get satisfactory control? So behind me you'll see a half mile long strip of sunflowers. We have three of these located across the state this year and within this we are testing the lengths away from the hive that we are getting activity. And so we have beehives on the end right here and then another set of beehives two thirds the way down so that we have actually three gradients that we're testing because we want to know whether or not you're going to get adequate control if you just put beehives on the edge of your field and have these dispensers. And so this is a promising strategy that we're looking at and it has the added advantage that the bees on their own facilitate out crossing even when there isn't head rot and that out crossing gives you a yield bump. And so having bees in your sunflowers will increase your yield even if conditions don't develop favorable for head rot. And so there's a possibility to make money off of this regardless as long as the company doesn't price the product too high. With that I would recommend you go to the Institute of Carrington Research Extension website, click on plant pathology and scroll down to the section on sunflowers and you'll see our data on the use of hybrids and fungicides to manage claritinia head rot in sunflowers. Thank you for your time.


In recent decades, there has been increasing interest in the use of natural products to protect against the adverse effects of radiation exposure. This review summarizes the past 50 years of research into herbal remedies from Ayurvedic, traditional Chinese, and Campo medicinal traditions, focusing on those that show promise as radioprotectants. Ten herbs were identified as having potential radioprotective activity, including Abana, Amalikyarichurna, Amradaprasha, Brahma, Bujomichitang, Biswikuti, Kayavamprasha, Sistwan, Jerry Forte, Mentat, and Triphala. These herbs are composed of various plant extracts and components, and their radioprotective activities appear to be related to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory properties. Further research is needed to determine how these herbs work together to provide protection against radiation damage. This article was authored by Blanca Ibanez, Ana Malero, Alegria Montoro, and others. We are article.tv. Links in the description below.


Firey horse with the speed of light, the cloud of dust, and a hearty high old silver, the lone ranger. Years of unrest that followed the Civil War, a powerful secret organization called the Legion of the Black Arrow sprang up in the western United States. Its members were to be found everywhere, defying the law or using the law for their own purposes, working toward the ultimate goal of revolt and the foundation of a despotic empire. It was the masked rider of the planes who led the fight against this band of outlaws and traitors, and for once his great strength and courage, his daring and resourcefulness were taxed to the utmost in the cause of democracy. We ran with us now to those thrilling days when the west was young. From out of the past come the thundering hoofbeats of the great horse Silver, the lone ranger rides again. Come on Silver, run the tail of the Black Arrow, come on Silver, come on! It was after midnight when the lone ranger and tanto rode into Sioux City with their prisoners and turned them over to the sheriff. Once they were locked up, the masked man questioned the law man about Torlock. We were told he was heading for your town, Sheriff.   I'm afraid I haven't seen him. There's been no stranger in town that answers that description. What's he wanted for? It's the federal government wants him. Oh, important, eh? I wish I could tell you how important. I wish I could help you, but I can't. Then tanto and I'd better make our camp outside of town. We can't leave if there's any chance of our finding him around here. Well, look, if you're going to stick around, maybe you can help me out. I got a mighty funny case, masked man. We'll do anything we can. That's the second till I get the circular out. Eh, here it is. Take a look at that picture. Dan Hardy wanted for murder. Yeah. It happened during the holdup. The guard was killed and $50,000 in gold was stolen. Seems to me I've heard of Dan Hardy. Wasn't he a scout with Halleck? That's right. And he's turned out low? Sure looks like it. But do you have any proof? The driver gave us a positive identification. We weren't able to find Dan for three weeks. And when a man runs away, well, that don't look so good. You mean you've arrested him, Sheriff? That's the funny thing about it. Day before yesterday, the stage came in from the east. And who should step down but Dan Hardy? Bigger's life and bolder's brass. Naturally, I arrested him. Only this hombre said he wasn't Dan. Said he was Dan's twin brother. Here, here's his papers. David Hardy? Yep. And he said he was in Chicago when the holdup took place. He knew all about it then? Sure did. Since you have his papers, I'd take it you locked him up anyway. Well, I wasn't just going to take his word for it. Of course not. Would it be possible for me to have a talk with him? I want you to. You see, it's going to take a long time to check up with Chicago. And if this isn't Dan, then Dan's getting farther away every minute. Hunter, you knew most of the men who worked for Halleck. You'd better come with me. Just follow me. Wake up, Hardy. What? Hold this lantern up high so you can see, mask man. There he is. Here's the circular. So you brought an outlaw to identify me. This is no outlaw. What's he wearing a mask for? He's the one who's going to ask the questions, not you, mister. Well, it won't do him any good. I've told you the truth, and I've got nothing more to say. Hunter? Hunter looked like him worked for Halleck. This not same one. He doesn't look as if he'd spent much time in the West, Sheriff. I know. He talks like a dude. If I'd ever seen Dan more than once or twice, maybe I could be sure. Dave, how did you hear about the holdup? We have newspapers in Chicago. Why did you come West? That's my business. Oh, I see. How long has it been since you've seen your brother? About five years. You have no right to hold me here, Sheriff. I demand that you take me before a judge. A judge who won't be here till next month. Well, where is he? Right in the circuit. Then I demand to see a lawyer. I'll send him to the judge wherever he is and have him get rid of habeas corpus. You can't deny me counsel. It's my constitutional right. You talk like a lawyer yourself. I have nothing to say to that. Sheriff, let's go back to your office. I have a suggestion. Oh, sure. Sure thing. Well, Masked Man? You were right, Sheriff. He's Dan? No, he's a lawyer. Now, if there happened to be another lawyer in town, you'd have to let Hardy see him. Did you think I was going to admit we didn't have one? Well, you have no case against him. His papers seem to be in order, and when the judge gets here, he'll be set free. I might just as well let him go now. That's what I was going to suggest. Yeah? Here's my reason. I believe that Dan may have gotten a message to his brother after the holdup. Ask him to come out here and defend him. Why not? If he's a lawyer, it's possible that Dave may know where Dan is. Set him free, Sheriff, and tell him I'll follow him. Dan, if we find Dan. You bring him back here. I'd rather not promise. You see, there are one or two things about this case I can't figure out. Why, it's simple. Maybe, I'm not sure. If we find Dan, will you let me decide what to do afterwards? He's wanted for murder. I'll remember that.  Whatever you decide is fine with me. Thank you, Sheriff. Come along, Donald. Half an hour later, Dave Hardy rolls the owner of the town livery and bought a horse. An hour later, he was on the trail heading west. The Lone Ranger and Tonto allowed him to get out of the site before they started after him. But the moon was bright, and Hardy's trail was an open book to the Indian. They rode steadily for 10 miles, and then didn't turn off here, Cam, Kimitabi. This trail must lead into a ranch. Ah, they're fine. Maybe you tell ya. Yes, the Circle F Ranch, Jane Foreman. This is on the main trail. I don't think Dan would be hiding out here. We follow trail? Wait a minute. Someone riding this way. Ah, maybe he'll make him stay. Find out and come back. Quick, into the trees. Come on, Silver. Get him up, Scout. He won't be able to see us from here. Not right. Him right, plenty past. But Tonto, what is it, Dave Hardy? No. I think we better find out who he is and why he's in such a hurry. Ah, come on, Silver, after him. Get him up, Scout. That east, him right to town. Right up there. Ready with you, Larry, Tonto? Oh, boy, whoa! And counter my meat rope into what you say. Dead in there, Silver Steadic. Passman, you called the ancient tunnel when you're horse silver. That's right. You were the lone ranger. Who are you? Nick Mason. He used to drive the stage on the Centerville run. Maybe you don't know anything about it, Massman, but I was driving the night Dan Hardy held up the stage and murdered the guy. What are you doing out here, and why were you riding so fast? I found Dan. I knew he'd turn up here sooner or later, and he has. You were riding for the sheriff? Yeah. But if you want to ride back to the ranch with me, you can take him prisoner, just as well as the sheriff. I'll point him out to you, and then you... You made a mistake, Nick. No, I saw him. Are you talking about someone who just rode up to the ranch? How do you know? Well, we've been following him ever since he left town. It isn't Dan. It's his twin brother, Dave. No, Dave's in jail. The sheriff set him free tonight. Set him... Are you sure about that? Absolutely. I'll be dark. I thought it was all over. Tell me this, Nick. Why are you so anxious for Dan to be caught? Oh, I shouldn't have been. Ben Johnson was my friend, and Dan killed him. Not only that, I'm scared. Why? It was my testimony that made him get out that wanted notice. If they don't find Dan pretty soon, he'll find me. He'll get even. How would you feel if there was a killer on your trail?  Well, if he don't hang first, sure. Why do you think he'll turn up here? Because of Jane. They were going to get married. Now, I'm not saying she had anything to do with the robbery or the murder. Jane's a nice girl. Maybe she's through with Dan now, but just the same... I understand. There's a chance you may come back here. It's all I can think of. That's why I've been hanging around so much. You'd better ride back to town. Yeah. You mean I'm in danger? You're a pretty good judge, and you think so. All right, Tonneau. We're heading for the ranch.  The great horse, Silver, was given his head. And with Sculpt racing at his side, they swept up the trail toward the ranch. Around a turn in the bunkhouse could be seen, dark and silent, beyond at the corral. A grove of cottonwoods was passed, and then the ranch house.  Good you have done already. There won't be any need for guns, Tonneau. Not here. A mask man. If you don't mind, Miss Foreman, we're coming inside. Dave, it's a mask man and a ninja. You needn't be alarmed. Dave. I've seen these men before, Jane. You have. Is your sheriff crooked? Oh, I know. Then I don't believe these two are. They're friends of his. As a matter of fact, it was because of them I was set free. You're guessing, Dave. Can you deny it? No, I can't. Do you mind if I do a little more guessing? Not at all. The reason for your being so consider was that you wanted to follow me. That's true. Why did you come here? Because Miss Foreman asked me to. Not recently. She wrote me in Chicago. When Dan was accused of murder. Is anything wrong with that? I knew they'd find Dan and try him. Why shouldn't his brother be here to defend him?  I am. Tell Miss Foreman something. How will the law treat her if she helps Dan to escape? Oh, I've never helped. Or even if she's given him food, helped him any way at all. What does the law say about that? She'd be an accessory after the fact. Where is Dan, Miss Foreman? I'd have liked it much better if you'd come in and ask me that first. There was no need for breaking a window. A window? That one right over there. Oh, I see. I suppose you didn't tie a note around a rock and throw it in here. No, I didn't. I was in the note. If you wrote it, you know. You didn't. It's none of your business. Are you going to tell me where Dan is? Even if I knew, I wouldn't tell you. You have no right to ask me. Not even if I were trying to help you. Dan and I don't want your help. Dan and you? I meant, I meant Dave. It's going to be hard to forget that you said Dan. Good night, Miss Foreman. Jane Foreman and Dave Hardy watched the lone ranger and tunnel as they headed down the trail. Shortly afterwards, the ranch house became dark. But the masked men of the Indian are not ridden far. They circled back to the grove of Cottonwoods, and there they waited hour after hour. We watch here plenty long times, you must hobby. Yes. They come in one more hour. If nothing happened by then, we'll find some place to make camp and wait until tomorrow night. I don't think we'll have to, though. What do you mean? There was a flash of light in the back of the house. Might be the kitchen. Moon's still bright. Nobody outside. And there will be soon. What's the back door? A tontosie. It's a girl. She's heading for the crown. We follow her? Yes, Kimosabe. Here's her lure. Here's Count. The lone ranger and tonto watched Jane Forman saddle her horse. Even from the grove, they could sense the desperation in her swift movements. She seemed driven by fear. Then at last, the cinch was tightened, and she swung into the saddle. The masked men of the Indian waited until she had disappeared over a rise before they started after her. The moon was still bright, and once again, tonto's keen eyes made no mistake. Away from the level range, the men of the Indian waited until she had disappeared over a rise before they started after her. Away from the level range land, up a rocky canyon into the forest. Here, there was only one trail through the giant pines. Air light, through trees, a campfire, steady boys, steady. That girl ran up a fire. And a man waiting for her. He's back this way. She's taking something out of her saddlebag. Food, maybe. No, tonto. She's handing him. Maybe that note she talked about. Yes, they're having an argument. He moved round, out of the side fire. It's down all right. It looks as if he were going to get on her horse. No. The girl had gone. She's pointing a straight at him. Pursue them. Come on, Silver.  Count. The curtain falls on the first act of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. Now to continue our story. As Jane Foreman fired at Dan Hardy, the Lone Ranger and Tonto race tore the campfire. The girl was sobbing when they rained up beside her. I didn't mean to do it. Out of the way, Miss Foreman. The masked man. Take a look, Tonto. I haven't killed him, have I? No, Jane. He didn't do much more than tamer britches. Will it only scrape leg below knee? I'm sorry, Dan. Sorry you didn't kill me. You know what I mean. I wish I could understand this. Who are you? He's a friend of the sheriffs. Now that he's found you, he'll take you to jail. Well, why did I come out here tonight? I should have waited until I- Hold on a second. This masked man is a friend of the sheriffs. That white horse he's riding. There's only one explanation, Jane. What? He must be the Lone Ranger. The Lone Ranger? Masked man, I've heard about you. They say you give a man like me a chance. A man is innocent until he's proven guilty. That's the way the law is supposed to work, but it don't. If I'm arrested now, they'll hang me sure as shooting.  No, I swear it. Then how do you account for Nick's testimony? That isn't hard. I rode past the stage a little before the holdup took place. Nick recognized me. Now, if one of the road agents happened to be riding a horse like mine, I don't blame Nick for making a mistake. He's been very certain. Oh, I don't blame him. Nick's honest, and he thinks he's telling the truth. The only chance I've got is to find the real killer. I agree with you. We have a lead, masked man. No, you haven't, Dan. There's nothing but a trick. You seem to be anxious to help, Dan, Miss Foreman. I am. Then why did you shoot him just a moment ago? Let him read the note, Jane. Here. Is this the note that was thrown into your living room? Yes. I want to do what it says right away. Follow the Underground River, and you'll find the gold. That means the gold that was stolen from the stage. What about the Underground River? You know where that is? Sure. It isn't really a river, it's just a creek. It flows out of a cave in Windy Ridge. Now, if we can find the gold. If you won't pay any attention to me, you've got to pay attention to Dave. We talked this all over. The only men who know where that gold is are the outlaws who stole it. They wouldn't tell you about it unless they wanted to capture you. Two can play at that game. Wait. There's another possibility. Well, you've told me. I want to tell the masked man. I'd say the sheriff or one of his men could have written this note. In that case, there won't be any gold at the mouth of the river. There'll be a party. The sheriff didn't write it. He wants to take Dan a prisoner. The sheriff believes Dan has the gold. No, Ms. Foreman, your first idea was better. The trap, anyway, I didn't really mean to shoot Dan, but that's why I tried to stop him. Where is Windy Ridge? To the west. You'll be able to see it when it gets a little lighter. Might be a good idea to go there. Not Dan. Dan and I. That's only a scratch, Dan. It won't interfere with your writing. I'll see it, won't it? Hello. You ride back to town. Tell the sheriff where we're going. You're not going to use my horse. I forgot that. Hey, it's all right. Silver can carry double. Cut us short now. Yes, Kimosabi. We'll give you time to reach town before we leave here. Get him up, scouts. Have you got some plan, masked man? I have an idea. It may be hard to prove, but I believe the man who wrote that note killed Ben Johnson. Hours passed, and Dan became more and more nervous, anxious to leave the camp. But it was not until the sun was directly overhead that the lone rangers swung into the saddle. With Dan behind him, he rode down from the forest and through the canyon. Then, instead of going on toward the main trail, he swung to the left across country. Not once did he allow the great white stallion to break into a full gallop. And it was 2 o'clock before they saw a thread of silver ahead of them. Another half hour before they reined up on the banks of the street. Steady, Silver. Just a creek, Dan? Yeah. And there's the ridge up ahead. You can see the opening of the cave, can't you? I've been wondering. That's the main trail to the north, the one that goes to Centerville. What about it? Didn't the hold up take place somewhere around here? Yeah. I think we may find the goal if we follow the river. And that's what the notes said we'll get down. Where you going? I want to take a look at these hoof prints on the bank. Yeah, I can see them. Just one horse. They were made less than an hour ago. Someone floated the creek here and then rode on toward the cave. Yeah. We going on? Right away. Here, I'll give you a hand. Come on, Silver. No room on either side of the creek. If you want to ride into the cave, we'll have to use the bottom of the stream. That's all right, it's shallow. For how long? Well, I haven't ridden in there very far. We'll try it. It gets deep. The current will carry us back toward the opening. Into the water, Silver.  I don't blame him. Blame him for what? Not liking the looks of this place. It's dark plenty quick. Maybe we should have brought a lantern along. Could make a fine target if we carried a lantern. We figure there's somebody up ahead. The goal's up ahead. Someone must have brought it here. Yeah. And don't forget those hoof prints we saw. They led straight to the opening. What's the matter? Nothing, I guess. Something brushed against me. Maybe it burned. I think you should have brushed the wall, keeping close to one side. It wasn't rock. Well, try to be quiet. Sure. Stream's turning. Losing all our light now. Bloody dark. Wonder where this is taking us. The walls are closing in and the ceiling's lower. If the bed of the stream weren't deep here, we wouldn't be able to sit up straight. I'm going to a blank wall pretty soon. You going on? Are you losing your nerve, Dan? No, it's... I just keep thinking about what Jane said about a trap. I don't like this place. It came to sleep somewhere. There's been no opening to the right or the left. Someone rolled in here ahead of us. I forgot. You hear that? That roar? It's a long way from here. What is it? It sounded like a waterfall to me. Then we are coming to a dead end. Spring comes out of the rock. Let's wait until we get around the next turn. Say, you're right. It's daylight. Here goes right through the ridge. Looks like it. We're coming out into a valley. Gosh! What, Dan? I never figured I'd be so glad to see daylight. It is much of a valley. You can see the waterfall at the far end. Look at the sun catch it. We'll be out in the open in another second. And that's when the fight will start. Huh? Quiet. Just to sort a pocket in the ridge. Oh, but you're wrong, masked man. There ain't nobody in here at all. Up the bank, Silver. You see those big rocks over there, Dan? Yeah. Come on, Silver. Sure, on the far side, a horse. But no rider. It's Jane's horse. What could she be doing here? She knew we were coming. Where is she? With someone lying on the ground. There's no woman. It's a man. Whoa, whoa, whoa, Silver. Whoa. That's my brother, Dave. Bound and gagged. Dave must have sent him to stop us.  Dave, what happened? Who was it? Look out behind you, up on the rocks. Up with your hands, or I'll fill you full of lead. Are you sure they weren't in here, Taro? Ah, kind of fear from the top of last ride. Doesn't look like we'll get anywhere. But we've come plenty past. Maybe they're in danger. All right, Taro. Follow the engine, boy. In the mouth. We're going into the cave. Yes, keep your hands up. I wish he didn't have that bandana over his face. Dave, could you see anything of a treasure chest? It's over there a little way, in the bushes. I was trying to open it. When he came up behind me, knocked me out. And it doesn't matter about the bandana. That man is Nick Mason. Nick Mason? He's the only one who could have thrown that rock through the window. I don't know if I saw him at the Foreman Ranch last night, and if the gold is really here. He must have stolen it himself. I don't understand. Who's Nick Mason? The driver of the stage. He shot the garden, hit the goal, before he drove into town to accuse Dan. Glad to see you're smart enough not to make any move. Too bad you didn't show your brains before, Mass Man. Aren't you going to take our guns? I'm not coming close enough for that. You might just as well take off the bandana, Nick. So you know me, huh? Of course. Well, I suppose you mean to kill us. Sure do. Would you mind explaining something before you shoot? What, for instance? You thought that Dan would come here alone when you left that note. Yeah. I knew Jane would get it to him. You planned to shoot him and leave him beside the treasure chest, all right? You're always right. I'll tell the sheriff I trailed him here and had to shoot him. You'll lose the gold. It's a funny thing about that gold. Haven't figured any way to get it out of the county. I guess he'll have to be satisfied with a reward for catching Dan. What about Dave and me? Don't we complicate matters a little? Not too much. I can get rid of you so you'll never be found. Won't there be questions? You won't hear none of them. I wonder. You can't believe you're really going to die, can you? I don't believe you'll get away with this. And why not? Because we sent Tonto for the sheriff before we left Dan's camp. We took our time getting here and Tonto and the sheriff and his posse are riding into the valley right now. I'm not turning around, Mass Man. You won't have to. Just listen. What? Mass Man never saw a draw like that in my life. Shot the gun right out of his hand. You all right, Kimusubby? Fine, Tonto. Now here's your prisoner, Sheriff. Too bad, Dan. I don't like it. Look, Dan, Sheriff. The man you want is Nick Mason. What's that? It wasn't a gang of outlaws that held up the stage. Nick killed the guard and stole the gold himself. Both Dan and I heard him admit it. You'll have all the evidence you need to convict him, Sheriff. The gold's right over there. Get it, boys. And it's for you, Nick. You get this nice new pair of handcuffs. Now, Kimusubby. Yes, Tonto? Sheriff have a message for you. Oh, yeah. That's right. I almost forgot. What is it, Sheriff? Well, the stage brought me a letter this morning. It was from Stephen Hayden. The newspaper read it over in Bennett City. Yes. He said if I happen to run into you that, oh, wait a minute. I got it right here. Let's see. Says, tell the mask man I have information which will lead to the capture of the worst criminal in the whole West. He'll understand who I mean. This is a matter of life and death, and he must hurry to Bennett City at once. To Bennett City? Here, Silver. Wait, there's more. I close this letter with a prayer you find him soon. The whole future of the West depends on it. You're leaving? Stephen Hayden doesn't exaggerate, Sheriff. The man he's talking about is Torlock. Come on, Silver.  Silver! Hey! The story you have just heard is a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger Incorporated.


All right, we're live. I haven't been here in about two weeks because I've been on vacation and I've been like kind of, you know, rejuvenating from being, you know, in the hospital and working with the type of job that I work with for a long time. But I'm doing, well, now I'm back. I'm still a little tired, a little kind of jet lag right after I came back from like my overseas trip. I went to a friend's wedding. Well, I worked and then I went to a friend's wedding and then I came back like literally the next day. So it's been kind of crazy. But that's not here nor there. I'm here with you guys today so that we can do a review of LIU's PA program. So I don't remember doing any of the programs in New York so far. I think this will be the first one, but it's one of the top PA programs in New York from what I understand. So if you are interested in any of these East Coast schools, this would be a good one to look at. So let's get to it. I don't wanna like drag this along. I'm gonna just share my screen. I hope you guys are doing well. And I hope you guys are enjoying your holiday. All right, let's go to LIU. So hopefully that screen share is up. Let me see. Yeah, great. All right, so this is LIU's page. Like when you come inside, you guys, I have like an allergy or something that's going on. It's always with my left nostril.  But this is their main page, LIU Brooklyn. It says physician assistant studies and LIU stands for Long Island University, okay? But it is in Brooklyn. So they have a master's of science and physician assistant studies. I like how they have this kind of laid out here because everything is kind of, the main things are right on the front of the page. So accreditation status, we see it right here. Accreditation continued, right? Accreditation continued. And their next, like their next review is not until March, 2023. So you have some time before the school is reviewed again. So they're gonna have continued accreditation for a little bit. And I always look at the accreditation status and some of you guys have asked me why. And it's just because I don't want me personally, I didn't necessarily want a school that was on probation or was having like a review within a year or so of me attending because if they went on probation, I just felt like it was a little slippery of a slope with respect to my education. So I think that this is something that you should always look at, what is their accreditation status? Another thing that you should look at is their graduating classes, okay? So this is from 2018 to 2020. Every year they've had a max class size that they could enter of 42. Obviously it shows here in 2018, they only entered in 41, but the other two years they entered in 42. But the graduates look at these graduates. And so it's consistently gotten better, which is a good thing. But the initial 2018 had 35 students who the 41 graduate versus 2020, which had 38 of the 42 graduate, which dropped their attrition rate, meaning like the amount of students that they lose for various different reasons and then kind of increase their graduation rate. So that is good. Looks like they are doing something good, things are getting better. So that's good to hear. I like this, it just kind of gives you some stats on the PA profession. So rank number one, invest healthcare jobs. What? Is that us? Yes, that's us. Rank number, rank number one, our annual median salary is 104,000 per year. Again, that's all based, that's annually and it's a median, but there are people making a whole lot more and there are people making a whole lot less. Well, not like a whole, whole lot, but like a good $20,000 less. So you just have to kind of, this depends on where you're living and the kind of specialty that you're getting into. And then this shows you here the various different rotations that they have at their particular program, which is mainly what they have at all PA schools. So if you're not aware of that, it's typically surgery, emergency medicine, family medicine, internal medicine, pediatrics, women's health, OBGYN, and behavioral health medicine. Those are kind of the core. All right, so we already did accreditation. Let's go head over here to mission. So the mission statement, the division of physician assistant studies supports Long Island University's mission through the education of men and women of all ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds in the art of science of medicine. Is that their mission? I'm gonna start at 28. Okay, yeah, I guess that is it. In medicine, in order that they may become competent, compassionate, high quality healthcare providers. Okay, so their focus is everyone from all walks of life to become competent, compassionate, high quality healthcare providers. Okay, cool, it's pretty simple. The goals and outcomes. So they want you to gain a good medical knowledge. The graduates are expected to meet or exceed the national mean first time pass rate for pants. Great, that's nice. That's a good goal slash expectation of your students. But definitely make sure, like this is one thing that I wanna see like schools kind of promote. And it's the help and the assistance that they give these students in meeting or exceeding the national mean first time pants pass rate. Because I don't honestly think that like passing the pants on the first time is like the end all be all the goal that school should be promoting. But that's typically what PA programs do because it's kind of like a badge of honor. And for students like myself and many, many others who haven't passed the boards on the first time, it's really daunting. And it's like super fearful and like very high anxiety driven like trying to meet that expectation. So yeah, just something to look at. PA students, PA studies, pants, first time. Okay, again, just talking about their, the pants pass rate. All right, let's go to admissions. What we wanna hear about. So students may attend LIU on a part-time or full-time basis. Oh, that's interesting. So this is the first school that we've talked about that has a part-time option. Not many programs have that. And so I think that it's kind of cool for the person that may not be able to be full-time that you have the option to be part-time or full-time. Okay, direct care experience. So complete a minimum of 500 hours of direct care experience. Of these 500, 400 must be completed by the time of your CASPA application submission. So you can have 100 hours outstanding. So I guess like it's, I think the minimum, I don't know how they'll gauge this. So I guess really, cause really into the kind of like the minimum is 400 and not really 500 if you can have 100 outstanding, but it says that by the time of completion, like matriculation into the program, you need to have had all 500 hours.  So they list out direct patient care experience. And you guys know, I love this because like there's no guessing, right?  Like does that count? Yes, it counts certified nurse assistant. Like this counts towards zero direct patient care experience. You know, like, so I love this. I love when schools do this. It just makes it so much easier on the pre-PA applicant to know exactly what will be accepted. Like being a scribe, okay? Academics, obtain at least a baccalaureate degree from an accredited college or university no later than the time of matriculation. You need to maintain a GPA of 3.0, demonstrate acceptable acceptance, all such courses. So you have to get the prerequisite courses and nothing could be in those prerequisite courses can be lower than a C. And then here, these are like the big dog things that they pull out. So one year of general biology with lab, same with general chemistry, then you have to have one semester of human anatomy with lab, and then one semester of human physiology with or without lab. So you can probably take like the anatomy and physiology class in one, I would say, and just have one semester of that. And that should, would that be able to kind of knock out these two courses? Maybe just take like a full year of anatomy and physiology and that will for sure will knock them out, but you could always call the school and talk to one of their admissions counselors to see if one course of like one semester course of anatomy and physiology would knock both of these requirements out. Microbiology and statistics, these are their like main prerequisite requirements. And these are the ones that kind of vary you guys like from school to school. So it's definitely important that you pay attention to that. Okay, so their application is through CASPA, which we know like I'm only doing CASPA participating programs unless you ask me to do a program that's not participating with CASPA and I will do that for you all, but we're going through the CASPA list first. Their minimum GPA, both science and overall is a 3.0. They have a seat deposit of $500. If you accept it into the program, is it non-refundable? I'm sure it is. It doesn't say non-refundable here, but typically these seat deposits are non-refundable unless you kind of like sometimes it's like, oh, if you enter into the program that will be put towards something, but if you don't, then you lose it. You will have a breath and amount of patient care experience. So like not trying to skate by with a bare minimum of 500, to have a large breath of patient care experience. So even if you can get up to like 1,000, which is double what they're asking for, I think that that would be pretty satisfactory. Completion of the course were completion of the GRE, so they require the GRE. So if you did not want to take the GRE, then this school is not for you, but if you're taking it for another program, then go ahead and apply to this program. And their CASPA application deadline is January 15th. All right, so you guys, you still have time. I haven't really reviewed many schools that have a deadline that hasn't passed yet. So we're here, we're a little bit early, like what day is it?  So if you have like done all the other things, get all this stuff in and apply by this Friday, the latest because it can take anywhere from four to six weeks for CASPA to verify your application. So you want to make sure that you get that in. It says international students. Applicants are welcome from international graduate students who hold an equivalent of a four-year bachelor's degree. All international and non-native applicants must take the TOEFL examination. The minimum total score accepted is 79.  Like I don't know, like this is a bit much because like for me, I would have been an international student. Do I really need to take the test of English like as a foreign language? Like it's not my foreign language, right? Like I speak it fluently. So I don't know if this is just kind of like a mistype or if they really require all of their international students to take this, but anyways, that would be something else that you would have to pay for and get if you're an international student, but they do accept you. So that's good to know. And if you guys have any questions or any other schools that you want me to review, please, please, please live in the comment section and I'll go through some of those questions as well. Clarence, like before I move on, Clarence says, what is your take on some schools not counting CNA experience? I think it's kind of f-ed up, honestly. For me, I was a CNA, that's how I got my experience, my patient care experience. And I think that as CNAs, we get to do a lot, not just seeing the patient interacting with the patient and feeding and bathing and doing all those various different things, but at the same time, we get to see our nurses and our physicians and our PAs working with the patients as well. So our breadth of knowledge is I feel just as good as that of a scribe or a phlebotomist, where you're just drawing blood. So I think that when it comes to them saying, being a CNA doesn't count towards your patient care experience, I think that's kind of pretty whack. And I would hope that more schools kind of review that because I think CNAs do a lot. Just me, but I may be a little bit biased. All right, advanced standing policy. Okay, let's see, the division of PA, studies does not offer advanced standing to any applicants. Sorry guys, like I said, I'm still a little gel-eyed. Technical standards. So again, like you can breeze through these, this is not like anything like super, super important to look at unless you feel like you wouldn't meet these technical standards or there may be like a disability or something that you may have where one of these may be an issue. But it's always good to kind of look over it. Health requirements, all students entering into the program must complete and submit the health examination slash vaccination form. I had to do that as well. I had to get like a whole physical, get like all of my vaccines updated and things like that, like my booster. And I think when I was going to rotations, I had to get like, some of the hepatitis vaccinations when I was going into my rotations. So if you're like an anti-vaxxer or something like that, PAP school might not be for you because you are required to get vaccinations, not only to enter into BA school, but to then enter into the hospital and do your rotations. All right, so they have like a list of all of their various different courses for didactic year. So three semesters of didactic year, which would constitute like your summer, fall and spring semester. It shows you all of the courses, which is cool. Let me see. And do they have clinical year? Yep. Here's the clinical year. And it shows you all of the courses there. Oh, so you get not only a surgical like rotation, you get a surgical elective. And they offer three electives in this particular program, which is good because there are schools that only offer one. And so to have three electives, it's really cool, even though it's kind of like already kind of segregated for you in terms of what area of medicine it has to be in. There's so many things that you can do in terms of the surgical elective that's not just your general surgery. So I like that. And same with your clinical elective. All right, let's look at their employment policy. The LIU program requires employed PA students to report their employment status and job title responsibilities to the PA program director. PA students will not be permitted to work for the LIU PA program in any capacity during their tenure as students in the PA program. Okay, cool. But they're not like saying, no, you can't work. So, and I guess that makes sense because again, this is a part-time program as well as a full-time program. So for students that are doing this part-time, which I did not see and like how that option would work. So that would be something that needs to be kind of like teased out and spoken to the program director or the admission counselor about. But if you're doing it part-time then, you know, you might be working the rest of the time. So you'd need to let them know that. Background checks. Yes, you do get a background check and a drug screening, especially for rotations because you'll be working in like PEEDS and you have to have like a particularly with the fingerprinting and all that stuff, background check for that. So tuition and fees. All right. So this is another link. Okay. So let's see what does it break down like the total. All right. So the estimated total per year and you would be doing this for two years is 56 to 60,000 a year. So about 120, 112. So 120,000 to go to this program.  So that's going to be expensive as well. So what is this room and board? Oh, that's the 15,000. So yeah. Something to think about that's a lot of money. It's one of the more expensive programs. But like I said, it's from my understanding, it's one of the best programs in New York. All right. And we are going to the faculty and staff. Let's see the faculty and stuff. All right. So Miss Kiefer is the interim program director. She's an RN and a PAC. Look at that. She went to nursing school and then became a PA. Excuse me. It would be nice to see these people's faces. Steven DeRoe is their medical director. I mean, none of this even really matters because you can't even see what anyone looks like, but that would have been cool if we could have. But that was quick. Oh my gosh, we're done. I think that this has been like the quickest that I've done a school, a program. Like this was really straight into the point. And they made it kind of easy for us because again, they had that stuff right in the beginning, right at the top for us. And these are all, look at all these other schools and areas of studies in healthcare that they have. So, you know, if PA is not for you, you can do like DPT and MPH or master's in social work. I'm just saying, I'm not trying to discourage anybody, but I'm just saying there are other options out there as well from this thing. But anyways, that is it for at least this portion of it. If you guys just have a couple of questions for me, we can go through and ask those questions. And then I'll do that over the next eight minutes so that we can be done by 7.30. And then you guys can go about your merry business. But, oh, before I get into that, please, you guys go watch Rave Hope. You know, it's an amazing project that my husband aunt did and we both produced. And it has like medical mysteries and, you know, obviously a message of hope hence the name. And so I just want to tell you guys to go see that because it's a really, really good documentary. And then also I will be doing my blog from my Dubai trip. I started editing it today, so I should have that out and ready for you all by Sunday. I think I'm going to do it like a two-part because I have a lot of footage, a lot of, you know, just content from that trip. And it was so much fun. So I'm just saying. All right, so Top Doll Killa said, hey, Donna, just finished my first semester of PA school. What? Nice. Just wanted to thank you for inspiring me to apply even with my little GPA. Get it. All right, you guys see, and what was your GPA because you're saying even with your little GPA, but sometimes we like super underestimate ourselves. So tell me what that was. But congratulations. Stay strong. Keep going. You got this. You know, we need more PAs out there in the world. Wow. Okay. So Top Doc said 3.1. And so yes, it's not a low GPA, but it definitely is an average GPA. Like that at the 3.0 minimum GPA mark. So yeah, it could be considered kind of low. It's not like obviously below 3.0, but you got it and you made it. And look at that. Finished his their first semester with a 3.6. So doing some good things and some big things. You know, you got to finish strong. So you still got two semesters to go. So definitely like keep that same energy that you started with. And as long as you make it to that third semester and make it through that third semester, I'm pretty sure it's like smooth sailing for the most part in rotations. Okay. All right. Any other questions from anyone, you know, we got four more minutes, six more minutes. We have any questions for me now is your time to ask them. All right. It doesn't look like anyone has any questions. Obviously this will be up this video will be up on YouTube on the playlist that has all of the PA programs that I'm doing. And, you know, again, I'm sorry that I wasn't able to do the last two just because I was out of the country, but I will continue to do these. Every week is the goal every Tuesday at 7pm. Unless something, you know, happens. All right. Peter has a question. Peter says, will PA schools take into account me being an athlete and RA through college? I have a 3.5 with one more semester to go and I was told my GPA was low. So 3.5 is not a low GPA by any means. You know, like anything below a 3.0 is a low GPA. And then some might even consider like top docs that like a 3.1 or a 3.0 a low GPA, just because it is like the bare minimum, right? You're the minimum GPA requirement for a lot of programs is a 3.0. So if you have a 3.5, like you're right there, you're, you know, slightly above some of the average GPAs of like 3.3, 3.4. So I don't think that that's something that you should really be like super concerned about. Definitely continue on in school and finish it strong, you know, try to boost that 3.5 up as much as you can. Maybe you might be able to get it to like a 3.6 or a 3.57 or something like that.  You know, space schools don't really care too much about like the athlete RA stuff, but definitely if you have patient care experience hours that are, you know, 700, 1000 hours and above that will look good as well. Okay. So as I feel like it could have been higher if I were just a student. And I mean, if you're asked if it's a school that you're applying to Peter says, you know, like, hey, so you're you have an average or low GPA, you know, in comparison to the students that we typically allow into our program, you know, why would you say that is and you can just like use that exact example, you can say, hey, you know, I maintain this above average GPA and continue to be on like honor roll or whatever Dean's list. I don't remember what the various different areas are called. While not only being an athlete but an RA holding down a job during undergrad, but I still kept my grades up because I knew that this was the path for me so just you can always spin that into a positive so hopefully that helps you. All right. Are we. Yeah, we got like two minutes so if anybody has another question we can ask that and then I am going to be gone until next time. So, again, wrap up is a follow me on Instagram and don't be a Instagram at get this university. Be sure to subscribe and like this video be sure to go ahead and check out rave hope on the channel is the most recent video that I uploaded as well as stay tuned for next week Sunday, when I drop my vlog from Dubai. And then you'll have to stay tuned for the part to this week I think I'll probably do like one of the Midwest PA programs because I think I've hit all the other kind of coasts. So I'll do Midwest and then after that it's just up for you know it's like a free for all it's just whatever schools you asked me to do. But other than that, I am happy that you guys are watching and commenting. Please continue to do so leave your comments in the comment section on what schools you want to see next. And I'll I'll try to remember them write them down so that we can get those things done. All right, thank you guys so much for watching. I will talk to you guys next time. Bye. Bye.