So welcome everyone. My name is Francesco. I'm from Red Hat and I work in Red Hat Hi-Hi CO team and I'm specifically part of TOT which is a project focus on our commander system for AI software stack Today I will talk about graph neural networks. So this is a Different type from the traditional one because they focus on a specific structure data Which are the graph and you will see why this is so important today Especially because you have many types of graph everywhere social networks Knowledge graphs and many types of graph which contain many useful information that we want to use in neural networks So I will not be too mathematical. I will not use too much math Because I know it's quite late so This is the agenda for today, I will briefly introduce neural network graph So the basic components for graph neural networks, and then we will go a little bit more into the details so We will try to answer this simple question. So what is a neural networks? What are the graph? Neural networks are also graph. Yes, actually deep neural networks and graph deep neural networks So Neural networks is a very broad Topic it will take I think months to explain all of them, but I will try to do that in few slides so First of all from a general overview We have the artificial intelligence domain So you have robotics and other fields then we have a sub domain, which is the machine learning one So in machine learning we try to teach the machine a specific task using Different class of methods. We have a supervised one unsupervised one and the reinforcement learning Then we've gone a layer deeper We have the neural networks which can be adopted in different classes So you can use them in supervised and supervised also in reinforcement learning and This type of neural networks are one type of approach that you can use in machine learning The last layer is the deep learning. So deep learning is when we basically use this neural network with many many layers to learn Deeper knowledge of the of the data set So Let's start with an analogy. So first of all, we know that Neural network are inspired by the most Efficient and powerful machine existing which is the brain Here we see on the right corner on the right on the right corner that you have the Dendritis, which is a basically receiving some signals and this goes into the cell body, which is processing the signals and the output is sent to the other neurons as An analogy we have the artificial neurons which receive Basically different inputs as numbers and these are these will be processed somehow and with some ways and biases in order to produce some So this is the general Way how the neurons has been the artificial nerve and be inspired But of course this output Takes many and it needs to be Bound somehow otherwise the output could be between minus infinite and plus infinite. So this is why we how do we decide if the neuron is Activated or is fired we use activation function. So this activation function gives you a range in which the The neuron can be Fired or not and there are several types of activation function and this activation function are different depending on the architecture and for computational Purposes and performances. These are also different types and So we know how the single neuron works. So now we go to the Neuron network, so we put together many types of neurons and Typically, this is from the input to the output you go from left to right. So they the data Flow in something called the feedforward propagation because you go from left to the right in food forward and then For each neural network, so you can have input layers hidden layers and output layer in deep neural network you will have much more hidden layers and This is how the general structure of an error networks appear, but how does it actually learn? So in order to let's say train a model, we need some data set so the data set is Let's say one of the fundamental part in machine learning and how to basically train the model in order to predict for some specific application Then we need an algorithm able to Give you the Let's say the weights and the biases and how do we Quantify if the algorithm is getting to the right performances We define a cost function and we minimize this cost function using an algorithm, which is typically the ground in this end This is a very simple way to explain how they work So of course in practice there are more complex thing to consider there are parameters there is a learning rates and Other issue that you need to deal with when you train a model But this is for the sake of this talk. This is just what we need to know at the moment and just to give you a little comparison again with with the brain we know that artificial neural networks are different from the brain in the sense that in terms of size it said that the brain is around the 3300,000 in the trillion of neurons but artificial neural networks are much less because of computational purposes and limitation of the machines in terms of speed the neural networks the artificial one are of course Depending on the power that you have of your machine while the one of the brain depends on the age on the gender or many other factors The training algorithm for the neural networks for the artificial neurons are the kind of descent while for the brain We still don't know actually the power consumption for the brain is quite low, but for artificial neural network actually depends you can have training models using many GPUs and many Machines so this is quite demanding in terms of power The field of application the artificial neural networks are focused on a specific task while the brain can actually deal with many tasks and can learn very easily other things and Regarding the signals as we saw at the beginning the comparison the analogy between the two They act more or less in the in a similar way, but this is just to show that we are still far from mimicking the behavior of the brain, but we are closing the gap we will close the gap in the future probably So I show just a simple neural Architecture and until now, but nowadays we have many type of architectures. I will not go through all of them, but I will show you some very famous and most used one for many application like image recognition or natural language processing This is convolutional networks convolutional networks are used to extract local features that can be common to the across all the data set and Typically they work very well from for different tasks. Of course sometimes they can they can also Fail for example in like in this case There are other type of architecture like recording their own networks, which are used for basically for when we need to have Loops in the neurons that will mimic how to have some Memory in the in the record in the neural network. So to remember some context This is important especially for application with the machine translation and text in general So I could go I will stop here related regarding the neural networks. We could go ahead, but For this is what we need to know until now. So now we will move to the graph part So the graph Basically spread in many or almost all sectors. We can find some example with graphs In general, what is a graph? A graph is a type of data structure, which is made by nodes and edges these nodes could contain entities or some specific Object and edges will represent instead the connection between these nodes or these entities there are many types of Graphs that we can classify in different ways first. For example, we have direct and undirect graphs so And that graph can be basically traversing many direction while the direct graph will follow up a size path The Graph can be weighted or level so you can have several type of numbers or you can have strings but in general they can be very different and the approach to Work on this graph can be also quite complex and different respect to the simple ones They can be planar planar if we put basically the graph on the on the plane on a 2d space You can see that the edges are not crossing then in that case is a planar Graph otherwise a non-planar graph The graphs can be dense or sparse dense is basically depending on the ratio between the number of edges and the vertices Homogeneous and heterogeneous if the type of nodes and vertices and edges are similar static or dynamic if the The graph is actually changing in time. For example, if it's for a social network something the graph is dynamic because it's changing in time But how do we deal with this graph from? For in computational words, so there are some type of matrices This is very simple math so we consider three nodes for example and we can we can construct this matrices this matrix that basically How the nodes are connected between between each other you can easily identify how many edges and which edges are connected between the nodes The degree matrix is a diagonal matrix. I show here as a single vector, but You can see that basically it tells you how many edges are for each nodes and there is another Matrix well known that is used especially in in dealing with graphs And this is basically the difference between the diagonal matrix and the other the adjudgency matrix that I showed before And This is a list of examples so graphs we can find graphs basically everywhere and In other language processing social network, you can see that they cover almost every type of sector and this type of data are Produced in many companies. So this is very important. And this is a problem that we need to deal with So Now I will go a bit Into deep into the graph neural network. So now we have we should have the basic Background, let's say to understand how the graph neural network works So first of all, let's focus on the motivation why we went from The traditional neural network to the graph neural networks. So first of all is from a data perspective So most of the traditional neural networks will deal with the Euclidean data And so we find images numbers text audio This is something that we are dealing today with most of the traditional neural networks But there is another class of data which are called which are called non Euclidean data And this type of data requires a different types of approach in order to be dealt with So you find basically all the graph structures trees networks manifolds and non-Euclidean data is actually a upper set of the graphs so the graphs are Part of this day this data, but there are approaches which are called geometric deep learning So this is the set above the graph neural networks and No, I'm sorry The second reason is related to the graph embeddings So there are typically three approaches that you can use in order to embed the networks So embedding networks means to move from the graph Basically from the nodes from the edges to what two dimensional vector and once you move to the two dimensional vector You can basically apply all the other conventional Neural networks But what we wanted what the graph want to do is to basically use this this representation of networks and most of the new neural networks are basically based on on on the graph embeddings and The third reason is basically related to the human race So we want to go as we want to get a step closer to mimic what the brain is going to do So we need to start to deal with these types of of data So Description of the graph neural network so graph neural networks are one type of geometric deep learning as I said geometric deep learning is the Domain that deal with all the non the non-Euclidean data, but graph is one subset of these particular approaches and What we can actually learn with the graph. So these are the typical Type of problems that you can ask when you want to use graph. So you want to predict the node classification Which basically means that you have a graph with some nodes Which are level and some nodes which are a level and you want to predict What is the label related to to these nodes and this is important for many fields as you can see there is predicting preferences for user In a social network social network or to predict the customer if they should get a loan or not The second type of problems that you can have is a link prediction. So you want to find the basically hidden connection between Vertices and this is very important for the commander systems in different fields Community detection or they also called cluster detection. So if you want to identify some cluster inside the graph and that can be basically Cluster together, so if they have similarities for certain nodes and you want to discover some Specific cluster inside and this is very important if you have a very huge graphs and this is also Used in a social network or for websites Graph and sub graph classification, so if you want to classify graph This can be important for many Application as you see there is also images because the graph are Upper set of the also the Euclidean data so you can map also images to graph So this is an extension of what you can do with With the graph Regarding methods and application so the core problem of the Of the graph neural network is how to deal with the representation of the graph in a way that they can be used in a machine learning model basically and Here is the main idea So as I said before we're talking about to graph embeddings if we focus on one of the problem I said this which is not the classification This is what is what is done in another bedding. So typically you have for each node. You can build some But for each of these nodes you can build a computational graph you can aggregate this This graph for each of the node and basically you can have a simple representation of all the graph for one targeted node So the idea is similar and what actually was done is to Start to consider Aggregation function for all the nodes Then to define a loss function as I show at the beginning how an error network works I basically to put there in the middle and never networks So then you train on a set of nodes So you decide which nodes you will use for your training model and then you will test them with the other notes And finally you can generate embeddings for the new nodes. So the core Problem on how to define the graph neural network is deeply related to the to how you define the aggregation function So regarding a bit of history the graph neural networks are Quite new I would say respect to the other type of neural core the traditional neural networks And they were born basically in 2005 This is just a little steps that you were using initializing random embedding for each node and they were using some constrain Algorithm to iterate on all these nodes, but this has some limitation that has to be overcome Later on and you see that there is a gap of Quite many years before moving forward because they were mostly focusing on the epilinear data And so the solution was to use one of the type of recurrent neural network applied to the graph neural network And you and this was a huge improvement The other at the same time there was Starting to move from the convolutional network start to be applied on the graph So what I show at the beginning for the images which are in today can be also it was extended to the use of graphs and this led to the Creation of new types of neural network for graph which were based on the convolutional networks and This was basically from now on there will be like 20 or 30 papers every year since 2017 which are focused on new type of approaches and most of them comes from applying what we learn in traditional neural networks and we now we are applying them in the graph neural networks So how do we distinguish most of the graph neural network? As I said is mainly related to the how do we aggregate the neighborhood function and this is basically all the graph that you can find Nowadays so most of them are Distinguished because of the aggregation step that they take and then you have maybe you have some update function Which are specific for each of the of the methods, but as you can see there are all the Traditional ones or you can find convolution network gated Graph neural network all of them take some ideas from the traditional one and Regarding the application of the graph neural network Well, they can be applied almost in all the domain that we saw for the traditional one The advantage is that we have the use of graph which have semantic relationship between the nodes and And can be much more information and in the in the representation So you can see here for example how you can deal with the images in the in the graphs um text In almost every field in labeling neural machine translation They have been they start to be applied almost in all the domain that you have in traditional ones Physics so here is very important especially for the type of because here the data are especially graphs for molecules and All that is related with biology and Also in combinatorial optimization. They were used with the salesman problem They are starting to try to use also the graph neural networks And a knowledge graph and graph generation Related to the this is the last point. So what are the issue at the moment and And You can we can see that there are some related to the structure So not we cannot use the same number of layers for example for the graph convolutional network applied to the graph neural networks because there are some Problem with Over smoothing and this needs to be deal with other type of neural networks Scalability there is not just a generalization for the in the in the scale of the That's a new type of graph which deal with very big Sizes Iterogeneity so most of the graph neural networks are based on the Assumption that the graphs are homogeneous so that you have similar type of notes and similar type of edges This still a big open Point in research is the dynamic graph also how to deal with graphs which changing time Interpretability which is also something that we're dealing with the traditional neural network And there is still not a consistent theoretical framework So there is not a precise way to say that we have to use this kind of neural networks on some specific application So conclusion Graphs are basically spread everywhere. We can have You can find data based on graph in every application We can use graph also in with machine learning and they can be applied in many tasks We are taking a little step closer to mimic the human brain and there are still some open point which It's a which are open in research at the moment And Yes, really nice talk, but I had a question regarding training the neural net. So I'm assuming this is frame using backdrop. So Is there any K taken that there are no loops in the graph so that how does backdrop even work doesn't it Go in loops and the gradient blowing up and things like that. Does it how do? training this network actually work so the idea is To use the the core problem is how to represent the graphs in a way that we can insert in a machine learning problem so what I show is how to define this aggregation function in order to move from the space of the graph to the space that can be applied in traditional networks and The most of the initially the algorithm was different from the back propagation, but then thanks to the new architecture You can apply basically the traditional Gradient descent problem is also in the graph neural networks You assume that While your What do you mean there are no as in the entire network is there any loop inside the like it's a graph I do do is ensure that there are no cycles in the glass graph Well, there are of course some of the graph Some the assumption is that the graph can be like Homogeneous and there are no cycle inside the graph, so there are still some limitation of course for some type of graph So there is this assumption still that needs to be built with


In 2018, while I was visiting the Abu Bakar Gumi Market in Carduna to launch the Trader Money Program, one of our government enterprises programs, I met a gentleman, Jaffa Abu Bakar, who at the time was trading in ginger and garlic, and was one of about 5,000 or so traders who had just received 10,000 naira, micro credit of course, for their business in that market. I'm sure that some of us may remember what Trader Money was, but Trader Money anyways is one of the schemes in our social investment program where we loan small amounts of money to informal traders. But what struck me about what he said, especially about how he got to be selected to benefit, was that he said, I just applied. I didn't know anybody. They came here, they captured my data last week, and I got the alert yesterday. There he was showing me the alert on his phone. Stories like Jaffa's story have come all too familiar over the years. It's a consistent tune that I hear as I engage beneficiaries of our intervention programs. I'm sure many of those who work in the field on these intervention programs experience the same sorts of reactions. This is perhaps for me one of the most satisfying things about the way our social intervention schemes and several of our schemes and interventions on behalf of micro credit of MSMEs work. There is a platform that can process applications from potential beneficiaries, pay out credits or other benefits, maintain auditable records. Simulously, is the people and infrastructure that make this happen, that we're here to celebrate today? And those people and infrastructure you heard a bit about already, and I'm sure that when the report is presented, we'll hear even more. This is a journey, as we've heard also, that began as an idea barely six years ago. An idea that we can actually build systems that will serve everybody fairly unjustly and bring credibility to government programs, especially government programs that involve handing out cash, giving people money in one shape or form or the other. One of the biggest barriers that was identified was the ability to reach people directly, to capture and digitize their information even if they were illiterate, and process a benefit to them that is transparent to all. The vision set out to solve this problem, and I must say that bold vision was expressed in the most ambitious social intervention project in Nigeria's recent history. And as we've heard possibly in Africa, with a series of people-centric programs. For some programs, every day Nigerians were young graduates who would benefit from a direct stipend and employment placement from the government. For others, it will be pupils who, in schools, in public schools, for whom a reliable meal per day would make the difference between staying enrolled in school or skipping school to earn money for that meal. However, a critical sector of the hard work in Nigeria that we tried to impact, or that we were looking to impact, were the micro, small, and medium enterprises. This group had been left far behind historically, and the path to reach them was even less figured out. Most of these businesses, of course, as you know are informal, but they account for close to 50 percent of our GDP and 76 percent of our labor force. So this demography, of course, was far too important to ignore. We had to start solving for them. Today, we witness the successes of a long and ambitious journey, targeting and impacting MSMEs with interventions. The results, in my view, have far exceeded even what was envisioned. The infrastructural processes that have been built to achieve this are nothing short of remarkable. People wonder what was done differently this time. One of the key decisions that was made was to give a free hand that government made, that is, was to make, it was to give a free hand to an institution with a track record, the bank of industry in this case, as well as a team of competent experienced Nigerian professionals, to understand and solve the problem. So the question was, how do you solve this big problem of getting credit and getting services to millions of people in far-flung areas of Nigeria? So with all the best idea would be to give the problem to professionals, to think through and tell us how to deal with it. So BOI was that organization that we give the problem to and a set of very experienced professionals that work there and that are their partners. And today what we have is BOI's group platform, Africa's largest infrastructure for direct interventions to MSMEs. A lot of us would know a lot of us would know of the household name, some of the programs that have become household names and that have targeted enterprises of different scales. The programs range from the government enterprise and empowerment program, GEEP, and it's under that that we have the trader money, farm money, et cetera. The World Bank NG cares program, the MSME survival fund, the Northeast rehabilitation fund, and then several state-based interventions to name a few. What might not be obvious is the extent of the growth platform's operations, the engine and the nationwide field infrastructure that has been responsible for driving these programs credibly and delivering the results in a manner that is direct, that is trackable, and that is transparent. What might not also be obvious is the shared scale of the impact that has been achieved with these programs. Today over 4 million micro, small, and medium enterprises have been direct beneficiaries of over 150 billion now deployed in the past five years. 57 of these MSMEs are owned by Nigerians below the age of 35 years and close to 60 percent of the beneficiaries are women. What is even less glaring is that the team of Nigerian professionals behind this work is largely young with an average age of about 28 years old. I visited the growth platform's command center at the Bank of Industry and what I saw was simply unprecedented. They now have 22,000 agents, as we've heard, living across all local governments in Nigeria and equipped with its proprietary mobile technologies. They receive mandates to capture and digitize businesses eligible for its growing suite of programs. In some cases, these agents or human banks, as we've heard them called, open the first ever bank account or mobile wallet used by the micro enterprises. Every detail of each business is trackable centrally at the Bank of Industry down to bio, data, geo, location, images, facial IDs of every micro, small, and medium entrepreneur were applicable. Now this has been greatly simplified. The profile has greatly simplified the profiling and decision making processes that have allowed for direct outreach and impact on Nigerian MSMEs at tremendous scale. And this has been done directly with entirely homegrown solutions and an ecosystem of institutions, donor partners, service providers and technology companies all here in Nigeria. Of course, like every country in Nigeria faces its own peculiar challenges. These challenges are sometimes, or these challenges sometimes, be clouded the tremendous progress that is being made across a wide range of sectors and the fact that we are fast moving forward in building homegrown solutions that make the government more directly accountable and beneficial and transparent to its people. I'm delighted to be celebrating another such example that commenced with the federal government and has since taken a life of its own. The growth platform, this growth platform that we launching today, serves a broad range of institutions beyond government supporting them to execute huge programs for the benefit of the Nigerian people. Some of these institutions include the World Bank and the African Development Bank. While what we are witnessing today is impressive for sure, it should not be surprising. The growth platform is precisely who we are. This is the story of the Nigerian can-do spirit and the entrepreneurial DNA that we carry. This is a shining case study of what President Mohammed Buhari strongly asserted, that Nigerians will solve Nigeria's problems. And this is an example of what we can achieve when we unleash the best of our people, especially our young people, on the toughest of our challenges and give them a free hand to deliver results. I must commend the managing director of the Bank of Industry for being the strongest enabler of this work and under whose watch, the results have been produced. Specifically, I must applaud the growth platform team at BOI led by Mrs. Tonya Denigy, Executive Director of the Bank, with Uzoma Huakwa as its Chief Operating Officer. Aptly, Tonya and Uzoma are the co-authors of the Aid for Productivity reports that we are launching today, as what better people and what better people can tell that story than the individuals in the trenches who created it. They are brought to bear the best of experience and bold thinking, the depths of innovation and youth and a detailed understanding of the Nigerian spirit to build an operation and impact that has become a national pride. Of course, we've heard of the various awards that this growth platform has won in the past couple of years. The over 4 million micro-small and medium enterprises impacted to date, and the several more to come, I direct testament to their hard work. Finally, I must acknowledge the pioneering partners of the growth platform on this journey for Aid Productivity. Of particular note is the Biller Melinda Gates Foundation who provided the much needed early support to the Bank of Industry to build out this operation and prepare for scale, even when its potential would have been unclear at that time to most people. Thank you for your continued support and encouragement to Nigeria. The Nigerian financial institutions, technology companies, service providers and program partners who have given the best of the expertise to this work over the years have applauded you, and we thank you also for the commitment that has enabled this growth platform not just to be built but to thrive the way that it has been thrived, and then finally to commend the Honorable Minister of Industry to that investment and his ministry for the great work that they've done in the past few years, not just nurturing Bank of Industry and all these great efforts, but the survival fund and the various other intervention programs that have been managed so expertly by the Bank of Industry, by the Ministry of Industry, Trade and Investment. Thank you very much. God bless you all and God bless the February public of Nigeria.


Welcome to part three in learning the deadlift. In part one we went over starting from the top. In part two we learned how to find a good bottom position and initiate a push off the ground. And now in part three we're gonna work on the middle portion of the lift transitioning from the bottom to the top to the bottom to the top. So let's start from the bottom. This, you know, I don't really have a system here. Sometimes we'll start from the top, sometimes we'll start from the bottom as we're progressing here and learning this transition zone, this middle zone. Just kinda depends on how I feel.  I still have my hamstrings good. Push through your heels and make sure that you're hanging onto your hamstrings. Now, this is where I wanna start talking about how are we directing these forces? So to pick the weight up, my feet have to push into the ground and I can't leak any of that energy before it gets to the weight. And so this energy leakage is kind of a good way to look at these things. So oftentimes people will initiate their deadlift like this and you see my butt comes up but my shoulders didn't move at all. So I didn't pick the weight up very much. I'm exaggerating it a little bit because usually the weight comes up a little bit but the butt still comes up too high.  So what we need to learn is how to push evenly without losing our back position, right? So I'm here at the bottom. I have my hamstrings, my heels in the ground and as I push, my back angle stays the same until I get to the knee. And that's why we start with the RDL again because this is now a different movement. We have the RDL coming in. And for the RDL, we just bring the hips forward and let the shoulders rise up with us. So that's kind of fault number one in this transition zone.  Make sure you are, like my favorite thing for this one is just a tactile cue. If you have someone, like if you're just trying to learn this on your own, say, hey, could you come over here and see what my back is doing here? I'm trying to pick up both my butt and my shoulders at the same time. I want them to rise at the same time, but I tend to bend over a lot.  So can you just put your hands there and make sure that I'm rising them at the same time? And if I'm not, you push into me, okay?  No, go back down, try again. No, go back down, try again. And that's better, try again. That's better, good. And you have to get those reps in because you're gonna forget it. It's so complicated, right? So the hand cue is really good and that kind of leads us into the second fault. If I'm pitching over, that's one thing, but I could also be leading with my shoulders this way, okay? You'll see the knees shoot forward a little bit. You'll see the back arch, maybe. These people will really feel it in their back. When muscles move, that's generally when we're getting the sensations of stuff turning on. And so when I arch my back, then my back muscles are moving, they are shortening, and they just give more feedback to the brain. So same idea, tactile cues, except now the shoulders are coming up too quick. So I say, try again, nope, try again. Nope, that was better, try again.  And so all of this is just learning how to get from the bottom position to the knee, okay? This middle ground, this transition stuff, we could just break this into a top and a bottom portion of this lift, but I like to think about it as a middle, like as a transition. So as I come up, I want the back, I wanna get my hamstring stretched, there we go. And then I want the back to rise, the back angle not to change with the ground respective to the ground, okay? So this is just helping you identify what we're looking for, okay? And I should feel my hamstrings more and more and more as I start to figure it out. If I lose them, then I can say, okay, I'm getting too tired, I need to stop.  Once you figure out how to not do those and both your butt and your shoulders rise at the same time, and you can get to a good RDL position not from the top of the movement, but from the bottom of the movement, then we need to transition to what we might call an Olympic weightlifting, the power position. So this is where your power comes from, it's like a jumping position. So we need to learn this transition here. Now this doesn't really look like how you normally see power lifters deadlifting, but I do like to teach it this way because it gives me kind of three very distinct movements that you have to learn, you have to learn this, you have to learn this, and you have to learn this. Okay, so we gotta learn how to, again, transition. So when I'm here and I have my heels, I need to keep the heels as I start to come back up, but I also need to push my butt forward because as I stand up, I don't want this because I lose all my leverage this way. The bar is away from me, I'm bent over, I have a lot of pressure on my back, okay? So we're holding onto this, we got hamstrings, and then we come up here. And now this is more of a position that I could jump from, right? Jump from, or I could do a jump squat or jump shrug because that's the transition, that's how we get into Olympic weightlifting. You have to understand how to break down this deadlift.  So as I'm here, if I shift my weight onto my toes and I see my heels come up, I see a lot of ankle bend, I don't want that, okay? So I'll say, okay, that was pretty good, but not so much. Keep your heels down, okay? Keep your heels down, keep your heels down. Sometimes if you can't feel them, I'll come over there and I'll tap them while they're on the ground, I'll just bring my foot and kick them. Keep your heels down, right here, yep, right here, yep. So we just learned this transition. Oh, I got my hamstrings this whole time, and so now we start to learn not just how to stretch the hamstring, but how to engage it to come back up.  Are they getting tired? Because hopefully they are, and if they're not, they give you something else to work on, or it gives you some kind of end goal to focus on. What else have we got? This is deadlift, man, there's so much. So we're at the knee, we transition up here. You're shifting forward, that's what we talked about. So now, what if you're not shifting at all? You don't see the knees bend at all, and you just do this. So this is like the top portion of the RDL, I'm arching too much, it's the same idea. Keep your hip tuck, let your knees bend a little bit, and that'll help you straighten out. So we got that, and usually the only time someone's gonna round their back here is if they've misinterpreted one of your cues. So if you start to see someone do something like this, then say, okay, what are you thinking about? And then they'll give you an answer, and then you say, okay, stop thinking about that. And I messed you up, I just want you to keep everything straight, go a little slower, and just try to feel it out, try to feel the hamstrings. I don't want you to crunch so hard, because that's gonna round your back, it's gonna put you out of the position that we're trying to get you into. I think that's it. We didn't even talk shifting, because sometimes when you RDL, you'll shift to one side, or maybe to the other, or you'll twist, or when you finish, you'll twist, all sorts of stuff. The key to the deadlift is to figure out the sagittal plane, figure out how to hinge at the joints. That's why we call it a hip hinge. We gotta figure out how to use the hips and not the back. We gotta figure out how to keep our heels in the ground, and not lose our balance, our control of our center of mass. I hope that's helpful. I know that's like 30 minutes of me deadlifting and sweating in my Lulu sweatpants in my living room. So hopefully that wasn't unbearable. If you have questions, I think I covered a lot, and I covered most of what I will do. There are some nitty gritty tips and tricks that we're gonna get into later on down the line, but this is my general overview of how I'm trying to teach the deadlift to someone who's totally new to it.


This video is going to be really long. I have used casting websites for around 10 years, but more seriously, actually submitting to a lot of things over the past four to five years, although 2020 was extremely slow. I lost a lot of money in these casting websites because I paid for the annual subscription and then hardly even used it. But I wanted to help you assess if these casting websites are right for you and see if it's going to be worth it for you. I feel like some people get it without needing to or without being ready for it. How do you choose a casting website? Today, I wanted to focus on giving you advice on where to find casting calls depending on your age, location, career goals, and your budget.  You should seek other ways to get your first set of experiences and then maybe after that you can start to create a casting website once you have all of the necessities like your headshot, your resume, and don't just take my advice on this because I am in California and this is my experience as an actress in California working in San Francisco and LA. You can treat this as one of your sources of information, one of your friends who is helping you and giving the advice that she has, but please continue to do your research and of course follow your instincts. Even though you can submit to some of these, I don't think you should submit to all of these, especially if you are a beginner or if you are in the wrong country and I want to break it down and give you the locations or how you can find out of your location. There are a lot of casting websites that say that they're global and have opportunities everywhere, which is true that there are opportunities everywhere, but some of these depend on the creatives in that specific city. So let's start talking about what you need to think about in order to find a good casting website for yourself. First, let's talk about where you are. Why do you need to think about that? Well, you might say, hey, it's 2021, everything is self-tape auditions anyway. It's a general rule of thumb that I see a lot as far as people accepting submissions from places and even agents, they want you to be no more than three hours driving distance. For me personally, for an audition, I will go as far as an hour and a half driving distance. And then, you know, if I get booked in something, it really depends and it can be further, but I have to in my mind be willing to pay for my Airbnb and my travel because a lot of sets will not have the budget to pay that they rather just go with somebody that is local. So what I would recommend is to put your location into all of the casting websites that you are considering. So you can see what is available right now to submit to. And it will usually have a place where it tells you when that casting call was posted. So you can go back and say, okay, there's been 100 casting calls posted in January and then out of those 100, which ones actually do you qualify for? And I would recommend to do this periodically because of course sometimes there's more work than other times. So research whichever casting websites you are interested in and take note. Of what you found and then come back in a month or a few months and take more notes. Where are you in your career? Because different casting websites are really great for different reasons. Don't need to think about your goals. What are your goals because if you want to be a big Broadway performer or work in theater in general, you're not going to want to go and create an account for actors access, let's say because actors access is more dedicated towards on camera acting, mostly film and TV. And in addition to that, those websites that are higher up there that will give you get you even bigger jobs, like actors access, casting networks, actors don't actually see as many auditions as the talent representatives do.  So a lot of casting websites do charge money because they are providing a service or providing a subscription and some of them are free. So you want to think about which one you want to approach. As a beginner, I would suggest you don't pay anything. You only find casting calls through freeways or maybe experiment with a couple of casting websites, but do the month to month. Even if you have a lot of money, I would say to do the month to month. You don't know if that casting website is going to be good for you. If the market is going to be good at that time and who knows that what can happen, right? So I would highly suggest unless you absolutely know that you're going to be submitting for that full year, go with the month to month. Don't say, oh, I'm investing in my career. So I'm just going to put this on my credit card and worry about it later because I'm going to be able to pay for it anyway. Let me tell you from experience that doesn't work. I I'll be completely honest with you. Last year, I didn't have money when I first moved to LA. I didn't have money for a full year for LA casting. So I put it on my credit card. Maybe you can say, OK, once I get that first gig and if that first gig is $300, then I'll go ahead and buy a subscription for a full year with those $300. Then you're actually investing money back into your career, the money that you made through this career. A complaint I have heard a lot is that they're a scam because they made you pay more money than you thought you were. So let me tell you right now, before you make that mistake, when you go to a casting website, usually the month to month will be, let's say $20 and the yearly costs will be 120. Well, you say, oh, it's so much better if I go with the 120 because that's only $10 a month.  If you end up being like, oh, I'm not going to use this account anymore. So I should get my money back. That's not how it works. When you are paying for it, there's writing there that says, you know that you are getting a yearly account, you're going to pay for $120 up front. So what I would suggest to do instead is try it out month to month for one, two or three months. Maybe you'll take a month break in between. Once you know that you do like it and that you are using it a lot, then I would suggest you subscribe for the full year. But I find that usually you need a few months on a casting website in order to really see what it's all about. It's about timing, how much time do you actually have? What is the current environment? Is everybody on vacation? Is everybody on lockdown? Like what's happening? Are you going to be able to find jobs and book jobs? Next, what I want to do is I want to go onto these casting websites and through their filters, I want to show you the locations that they say they have available. So just because these cities and states and countries are on these websites doesn't necessarily mean that, yes, it is worth it for you, but I want to go and show you how as a non-paid member, you can also go and research and just see what's available. But depending on the locations, you're going to see that different places have different opportunities. I want to start with free ways that you can find different casting calls and opportunities to act. I have found casting calls and I have been booked for things through what I'm about to tell you. I have talked about Facebook groups a lot in the past on my YouTube channel, but that is somewhere that I have always found a lot of really fun, creative people and I eventually end up working on some kind of passion project and then in a paid project. Here's an example of a Facebook group. So if you are, let's say in Atlanta, you can try searching Atlanta non-union actor casting calls or Tallahassee non-union actor casting calls. But this is an example of a Facebook group you might be able to join and get casting calls from. This one has 22.6 thousand members. So there are quite a bit of casting calls that get posted here. Some of them are non-paying. Some of them can be scammed. So please, please, please be very careful on what you do submit to. And you can also just search casting calls or acting groups on Facebook. And then you'll be able to find a lot of different things. Actors leveling up is another group that I am a part of. It's also a private group. It's pretty new as I believe it was created in the summertime. But this is a Yellid and she posts quite a bit on here. Sometimes they host different events and there's a lot of actors. So if you want to get advice from other actors, what they're doing, there's actors on this group from all over the world. And it is called actors leveling up. The requirement to get into that group is because, of course, these are all private groups. The requirement to get into that group is basically that you want to be an actor or you are an actor. And this goes for pretty much any kind of acting that you want to do. If you want to do theater, background work, voiceover, there is a Facebook group for pretty much anything. And I have mentioned women plus in theater in the past, San Francisco Bay Area, filmmakers going to put a list of the different Facebook groups that I am a part of. When you do go see that list of Facebook groups, I suggest copying and pasting it onto Facebook. And then instead of San Francisco Bay Area, you can put Atlanta area and different groups will pop up. A lot of them that you might join might be spammy or not right for you. And it's totally fine because you can just exit the group, but at least you can see if there's a creative community around you that you can be a part of Instagram. Of course, you can follow different casting directors. And here's good faith casting. I can't remember why I started following them, but they're based out of Arizona, New Mexico, and LA and this casting director often gives a lot of tips. So this is a great page to follow in general for tips from a casting director. Even if you aren't in these locations, you can at least get some information from her. And the pages for different films, people will make an Instagram account specifically for that project. So if you follow them and they need a last minute replacement for an actor or they are posting their open casting calls or something like that, usually you will be the first person to find out because if they're going to post it on their website, they are definitely going to post it on their social media accounts. So following them on Instagram or if they have a YouTube channel, you are going to be able to know when anything like that is coming up. So this one, for example, this page was made specifically for the Bob Frank movie, but I did start following them a while ago and they just looked at their followers and then, you know, invited some of these people to audition if they'd seem like they were actors and invited people that they knew because they didn't want to hold a big open casting call. And he contacted me and asked me if I wanted to audition for this because I happened to follow them on Instagram. So I would definitely say if you ever see a short film, independent film, a film festival, anything like that, go ahead and follow them because it's very likely that you can work with them in the future to see what they're up to, see if they're holding any current auditions, but there are so many really great filmmakers. You can also follow different theaters on Instagram or go to their website to find information about their audition. So let's take, for example, Cal Shakespeare because I have auditioned for them in the past. I know for a fact that they do their open casting calls in October of every year. So what I'm doing right now is looking for something that says auditions or right here, work with us, something related to becoming part of their team or just in general working for them. So they have volunteers, job openings and auditions and casting. So you're going to click on that and then we're going to see, yep, they do open casting calls every October. And because there was a pandemic in 2020, they didn't look like they didn't do their open casting calls for pretty much any theater. You can go onto their website or their social media accounts and see when they are holding auditions or open casting calls. I also follow different agencies whenever I see one of my friends is represented by a talent agency, then I will go and follow them in case I can one day be represented by them and just learn more about them in general. And then of course, there's a TikTok and YouTube where you can create your own work and I feel like this is said all of the time, but you guys, I have a YouTube channel and I am creating my own work. I am keeping myself busy. This is an example of creating your own work. If you want to make a YouTube channel where you post your acting, you can use that as your portfolio. Have something that you can show people so that they can say, okay, we'll consider you or that can say, okay, fine, send us a self-tape audition, but creating your own work either here on YouTube or on TikTok, just practicing being on camera, but not only creating your own work on these platforms, but also you can find work through these platforms. So I don't know about TikTok, but definitely here on YouTube. I post whenever there's a huge open casting call that I know a lot of people would benefit from, I will make a huge video where I talk about it and I share that information. Of course, I'm going to share it on my channel and I know a lot of other people do this, so a lot of content creators on YouTube will use in LA. I have seen casting networks or Actors Access that they use to cast their for their YouTube videos, so they will post them on there. But sometimes also they might do a big open call on their YouTube channel. You can search open casting call or casting call January 2021 here on YouTube and you might be able to find a video. There are also a lot of acting related YouTubers that will help you in order to find the broadcasting website or to find more casting calls, try and find an actor who shares information about how they're doing it near you. For example, Kurt, you is in the Atlanta area, so he would be a great person to go and ask questions if you are in Atlanta or the surrounding areas, but also be very respectful if somebody doesn't want to tell you where they're currently living as in the state or the city because it's private information. Backstage Casting has a YouTube channel and on their YouTube channel, they often feature other creatives and other people that also have YouTube channels. So their YouTube channel and their podcasts are both great places to find more people to watch and more places to do your research. And then they also interview a lot of people and in the interviews, they will ask those people, hey, when you were starting out, did you ever use backstage? And often they will say, yeah, I use backstage back when I first started out. Another free way to find casting calls is finding different places that produce work in general. So even if it's a church that does plays, you can start acting there. Universities, private or public universities, community colleges, they usually will have some kind of broadcasting program or filmmaking theater program, and they might have open casting calls. Even if they have actors that they already use because they're their students, sometimes they accept people from the outside because they don't have enough actors in their school to fit those roles. So they often have open casting calls. And all you have to do is call up the department, follow the department on social media or email them and ask them if they ever do open casting calls. And if they do them, it's very likely that they do annual ones so you can keep auditioning year after year if you are interested in developing your acting long term. It seems like it's such an old school thing, but in different communities and libraries and community centers, they still have different clubs and programs that you can be a part of. So again, just looking into your district and seeing what kind of opportunities there are, if you're looking to get some work as a background actor or an extra in films, in my opinion, in my experience and in my opinion, I don't think you should pay for casting websites to do this because those jobs, they usually need a lot of people and you don't need experience. You just need to send a couple of photos over to see what you currently look like and just certain requirements. So you don't need to have acting experience or acting talent and you are going to get paid pretty much minimum wage and sometimes a little bit more, but I don't think you should pay for casting websites to get cast in this kind of thing. A really popular one is central casting. Central casting is for background actors and they are based out of LA, New York, Georgia and Louisiana, so this is only for background work. And they're a huge company. They do so many different productions and films. I have mentioned in the past my casting file with Gloria also casting. This is for background actors. They also cast on here featured extras, stunt doubles, stand-in. So there are a few different kinds of casting calls and it looks like they have expanded because I've only seen in the past New Orleans and San Francisco Bay Area casting calls, but it looks like they're also in Jackson, Mississippi right now and they are casting quite a few people for February. If you are in Jackson, Mississippi, New Orleans or the Bay Area to create an account on here and you should follow them on social media because once they do expand to different places, I'm sure they'll talk about it in their social media accounts and then you can create an account once you see that they are casting near you. There are a lot of different casting companies that are very location specific. Casting TaylorMade is another one that is also in Atlanta and also very location specific. They are not going to fly you out to be a background actor. I do not have an account with Casting TaylorMade because I am not in the Atlanta area and if you are, then you should make an account with them if you're interested in being a background actor. I've talked about them in the past for stranger things. So if you are interested in that, you can create an account with them, but only you guys only if you are in the Atlanta area because these are for background actors, not speaking roles. They do not do that and you can follow them on social media for updates in case they ever do cast for other things. Like right now they're doing Stargirl Season 2 and you can just see if they expand to different locations. But as far as I have seen for a couple of years, they only do background casting. We Got Pop is available in the UK and in the US. I registered with them a few years ago and I have been able to get a few different casting calls sent to me, but I've never booked anything from this. But I do know that it is reliable because I had a friend in the San Francisco area who worked for a casting company and that office would often use this website in order to organize all of the actors. So just like my casting file and Casting TaylorMade, I'm sure there are a lot of different casting websites that were created for local markets that you might be able to find. And I have a huge playlist on background acting, what it's like, how it's really like to be on set, how long the hours are, what to bring to set, what you should wear. It's just I have a huge playlist on it. So I would definitely recommend watching that playlist before you go and be an extra because it is a lot of hard work and you want to know what you're getting yourself into.  It's only worth it to pay for it if there's active people around you.  So you're going to have nothing to submit to. So what you want to do is put your location here. If your location doesn't pop up, then it means they don't have absolutely anything on there. And sometimes even if your location does pop up, they don't have stuff. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to select a location here and then we're just going to keep it open as far as the gender and the age range. But we are going to turn off the big open casting calls that are global. Nash, let's try Vancouver. So I'm going to search this. There's 33 jobs here. One was posted on Saturday. Another one most posted on Saturday, all genders, 20s, 30s. So this one is from November 28th. So that's quite a while ago and it's just a few down. So you can see there aren't a lot of casting calls for that location. Let's try Long Island in Maine and it looks like there is absolutely nothing. Let's try New York since, you know, it should be a lot more and see what comes up. We're going to exclude jobs calling for nationwide slash worldwide submission. Feature film, it's paid non-union and it was posted January 8th. They're looking for leads and background, a singing one. New female artists two hours ago, small business commercial two hours ago, lingerie, hat commercial, Hispanic, grandparent, financial commercial. So I've seen a lot of commercials on here, as well as short films. So student films, demo and instructional video. So in New York, there's definitely a lot of casting calls on here. But again, the filters are pretty open. All I put was it's in New York. You can put different filters over here, gender, transgender, your age range, the distance you're willing to go, location, compensation. So if it's paid or not. And then the type of production that you would like to see. Let's try a different country and then see if we can find any. Looks like this is a work from home. Oh, OK. So there's there's obviously nothing really there. It is oriented towards beginners and you will find a lot of people that are trying to skip the whole casting agent and talent agency and go there and get submissions straight from the talent, smaller commercials, open casting calls, a lot of jobs that will pay you less money. A little bit of theater I've seen on there. Lots and lots of student films, a lot of schools use backstage and casting networks to post their work and especially places like the New York Film Academy. They have so many films that they have to cast.  And then that's how you can get great footage for your real ambassador work. Like, you know, going to conventions and being one of the people at the booth. You can get one month free on their podcast. They give you a code for one month free. And yeah, usually you can find some kind of trial for backstage. Which is great, especially for beginners. Casting networks, you can find in a lot of different places. I use SF Casting and LA Casting. Here they have the US, Australia, Canada, LA, San Francisco and United Kingdom. I have found a lot of commercial work on casting networks as well as some extra works. This is my San Francisco casting account and we can see the type of work here. So this is print, print, print, print, commercial, commercial, other. There's definitely a lot of commercial in casting networks. Student films are often posted here as well, especially if you live in LA or San Francisco, also on casting networks, I have found a lot of commercials that aren't necessarily, you know, as low budget as you would find on backstage. But they're also not, you know, big national commercials. I personally have never auditioned for a national commercial unless it was my agency through SF Casting. So that's another thing that I mentioned before that some of these websites are best used with your talent agent. So casting networks, casting frontiers, frontier actors access our websites that are best used with your agent because they will have access to more information, more casting calls. I've also found some theater in casting networks as well as industrial. So it's very similar to backstage. I would say it's one step up from backstage as far as the level of actor or the level of experience that you have to have in order to successfully get casting calls and book auditions. But now I'm in casting frontier and I am on the non-paid account. And here you can see all of the different places that they say they have casting calls to Atlanta, Baltimore, Chicago, Florida, Michigan, Mid-Atlantic, New York, Pacific Northwest, there are so many. So you can log in here if any of these places are where you're currently living and see what they currently have available. So right now I have the LA one here. Actors access, I have found a lot of student films in LA as well as bigger TV shows and films, but again, most of them are for really small roles. And I know that my friends have been able to audition a lot through actors access a lot for a lot of different casting directors, big casting directors. But they got those auditions through their agents. Big casting teams will go and log on to, let's say, breakdown services, because that is their version of what we would see actors access. They will go in there and they'll say, OK, we have this huge new Netflix film we need to cast, we need these 15 people. They'll give the breakdown to talent agents. So they can filter if the talent agents get to see everything or the talent agents and the actors, because of course the talent agents are going to filter it better and actually get the people that are more accurate for the roles that they're looking for. So they weren't able to self submit for these LA jobs that are speaking roles on TV shows, stuff like that. It's only through their agents. I also have friends in New York that use casting networks and actors access in order to book TV and film projects. But again, through their talent agent. So if you are a more experienced actor and you have your actors package and everything and you are looking to get an agent, I would say have this account. But maybe you don't pay for it unless you are willing to work for less or do smaller projects, because you're going to get the most out of it once you do have an agent, but you should have all of these castings casting accounts now. So when you are in the interview with the agent and they say, do you have an actors access account? You're like, of course, it's up to date. I have all my headshots on there, my headshots, resumes on there and it's ready to go. Actors access in general is for TV shows, films and also big open casting calls. I have found a few huge open casting calls that I have posted on my channel that were posted on Actors Access. So you might be able to find that there as well. And usually the open casting calls are sponsored by different companies. So you won't have to pay for actors access for these open calls. Now I am an Actors Access again as an unpaid member and there's two different locations that you can click on the US and they do have a few different places here as well as Canada. So what I'm going to do is go to the US and choose Central and see what they have to offer. So the type right here, pilot, feature film, commercial, episodic, internet project, feature film, pilot. So you can see a lot of TV and film here. So if you are in any of these locations that they say, go ahead and create an account and see if any of these are worth it for you. Oh, let's see San Francisco, Google land. So it's commercial, internet, web series, pilot, feature film, commercial. So you can see on the San Francisco when there's a lot more commercials. For advanced actors, somebody who has a lot of experience, maybe they have an agent or are looking for an agent, I highly recommend for you to have IMDB Pro and putting all of your information on there. So currently I have IMDB Pros and my information is in this. You can see what different people are represented by if you have a paid account. So if you have an IMDB Pro account, you can go search me and see who represents me in which locations and you can do the same if there's another actor that you really like the work that they're doing and it's similar to what you can be doing, you can see who they're represented by and potentially submit to those talent agencies or managers and see if they can represent you as well. Right now, I am hoping to get representation in LA. So my IMDB Pro is up to date. It has all of my contact information for my agents in San Francisco or if somebody wanted to contact me directly, if they searched me and found my information on IMDB, that casting director or talent agent would say, oh, OK, here's her reel and her headshots and some information about her. We should, you know, call her up for a meeting or when I submit to different agencies and they say, oh, she looks OK, let's do some research on her. They're likely going to have a couple of things show up. One, my YouTube channel and more importantly, my IMDB. And then on top of that, of course, I have all of my casting websites with my headshots, my resumes up to date. So when I do get representation, I can say, yep, it's all ready to go. You can start booking me right now. Usually it's about $20 a month unless you are in Sagrafter union. You can get a code and I believe get 20 to 30 percent off. Something I've seen since COVID started, especially in background acting is that there are less and less casting calls for minors because usually when there is a minor that is booked, usually a parent will accompany them or another person will be hired to, you know, take care of the children. So that means more people are on set. And right now the less people that are on set, the better. And then your age. So I have, I didn't act when I was a kid. I really started acting more seriously after college. But if you are under 18, I would recommend that you get training first and that you try and find ways to get auditions without having to pay anything. Because as a child, you will be a lot more limited because they can't go and drive themselves to an audition or a gig. And I would suggest, you know, submitting to a bunch of agencies and agencies that are commercial agents and getting started there because for commercials, you don't need as much acting experience, of course, as you would for TV or film or even theater. It's more about your look. So there's a lot more agents, commercial agents that are willing to sign people under 18 that don't necessarily have experience, but have a certain look. And then from there, you can ask your agent, hey, I'm actually interested in acting, where should I get my training? Can you represent me, you know, theatrically? So I would say that is a safer bet, especially because there's also a lot of scammers online that try and take advantage of kids that are, you know, have big dreams and don't really have the experience or ability to filter out the scams. Okay, so now what you need to do is take everything that I just said into consideration and go and continue your research. I do have some other videos about a lot of different casting websites and information that I have found. If you know any additional information specifically to your city and state, of course, if you're comfortable sharing it, please leave it in the comments so other people can read it and also take advantage of those opportunities. At the end of every video, I feature another channel. This is today's feature. If you would like to be featured on my next video, make sure you're subscribed to like this video and leave me a comment.


Really did it was this is a prototype of a DIY USB hub and a sort of header onto it because I want to test it out It's a four port hub. So when you plug in USB on this side, this gives you four ports You can see plus data I'm sorry power data plus data minus ground four times before one two three four And then this is a duplicate of the USB host port case You don't want to use a connector and then on the other side of that one of these these are like no You know, there's nothing intelligent about them USB breakout cable. So this is just from a port to header. There's no USB Chip inside or anything and then I've got like a trinket in here just to test it out And then when I double click this that's green means you enumerated and then on my computer It shows up as a disc drive. So to start all four ports. So this is going to go in the shop soon It's a I think sl 2.1a. So it's a USB to four port hub


Man, I got to stop going to restaurants these pants and shirt were not this tight last week. I'm just joking guys, I'm wearing a few layers because it's cold, I'm not actually getting fat. So there are a lot of shortfalls to our modern lifestyle, especially diet. Today we're going to touch on the three worst things. So hypothetically if you were mindful of these and adjusted them, you would live a relatively long and happy life. And these are in order of least worst to worst, not getting enough sun, vegetable seed oils and EMF radiation. These are all things I have spoken about in depth, but if you were going to approach someone and say, hey, these are the things you really, really need to be careful about, this is it. This is the three biggest things overall. So you don't have to do any crazy stuff critiquing, just giving this information to someone, they try it out, they feel better, that would open them up to more things and getting a little crazier with optimizing. So when we say not getting enough sun, most people know that vitamin D is required for hormone synthesis and nutrient metabolism, but what's more significant is not only the physical appearance, your skin health, the cellular turnover.  It removes excess nutrients from the liver. So a lot of the vitamins and minerals in our diet are needed to heal the skin. And when we're not in nature every year getting many, many days of sun exposure, those vitamins can build up in our tissues and kind of inhibits our function because we don't have an efficient way to get rid of them outside of using them to heal tissue. And when you're outside in the sun, you're also generally getting fresh air, you're grounding and you're seeing far away. So in regards to just overall health, breathing in, non-stuffy poisonous air, we've done videos on that, you're grounding, you're in touch with the earth, you're getting the natural antioxidants and your eye health is important. We're looking at screens all day, so if you're outside being active, you're very, very important for eye health too. So for the most part, it's pretty simple. When the UV index is high, spring, summer, early fall, you go out as little close as possible and get a lot of sun. You could just search Frank Defano, vitamin D, sun, there's probably half a dozen videos you can watch. Next is vegetable seed oils. Definitely the worst thing in the diet because whenever people refer to fast food or fried foods or junk foods being bad for you, this is why. This is the only reason. Even if we're talking about just regular conventional flour and butter and pastries, until you put vegetable seed oils in them, they're not actually that bad for you. And we're mainly referring to soybean, canola and sunflower oils. We have the very hard seed of these plants and they grind them and press them and usually have to add solvents and bleach and all this stuff to make them somewhat palatable. And there's a few others here and there, but all of them are super high in omega-6 linoleic acid. And this is why they're inflammatory because the body does not recognize linoleic acid. It's not a natural source of fat in our diet, so when it exceeds a certain percent of our diet, it literally starts attacking the tissues in our body because you are what you eat. So if you eat a lot of vegetable seed oils, your cells become composed of vegetable seed oils and the body will literally attack them. So massive, massive inflammation throughout the body because of the high omega-6 content in the diets. And one thing that's also very important to mention is that when we feed these to animals, pork and chicken in particular, that increases the omega-6 in those foods too, as well as eggs. So you might be throwing the omega-6 content in your diet off and causing a lot of inflammation even just by eating conventional animal products. However, the stability is also important because if you have a cold-pressed vegetable seed oil that has not been heated or you have some pork or chicken that hasn't been cooked that bad, it's not as inflammatory, but it's still very bad for you. So there's a difference between deep-fried foods and vegetable seed oil versus regular conventional eggs, both bad but ones a little worse. We said that already.  You're catalyst for many chronic diseases. When you have that much inflammation in the body and all the tissues are going crazy, it's the sole cause of heart disease. Even just calcification on its own, a very high amount of calcium in the diet, that's going to cause other things before heart disease if you don't have vegetable seed oils in there. So you really just have to avoid them. Use higher-quality fats. I like coconut oil, refined avocado oil is okay, and then of course the animal fats are good for most people, especially butter. EMF radiation. EMF radiation. We've spoken a lot about this and it's sometimes hard to get people to understand how bad our modern technology is because most people are used to it their whole lives and to explain it from a scientific or cellular perspective. It's very confusing because all you can really say is that, oh well, the radiation that our bodies are going through all day excites calcium channels in the body which causes oxidative stress, which kills cells. It's going on in the body on a molecular level so people, it's not like you're getting your hands chopped off, something that people will visually gas-bat immediately. What we're mainly referring to is radio frequency from cell phones, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi is the biggest culprit. There's others like magnetic fields from power lines or circuit breakers, so in rare circumstances if you're sleeping close to a power line or a circuit breaker, then you might be having some health issues related to that, but for the most part it's the radio frequency because everyone is usually on a cell phone or has a router or a lot of Wi-Fi in their environments especially in the city. Not only is it really bad for the cells and causing massive oxidative stress, it interrupts your sleep and then that compounds itself into all other sorts of health issues. For that, the easiest and least invasive lifestyle thing is to just wear EMF protective clothing all day and to sleep in a bed canopy or work in a bed canopy and that can effectively reduce the exposure by like 70, 80% and you can recover when you sleep at night and then to take it to the next level and do a few more things and reduce it further that takes a little more time and money investment, but overall people not wearing shielding clothing is the craziest thing from a health perspective because for just $100, $150, you're removing so many negatives, it's hard to justify not wearing shielding clothing 24x7, so if you guys want to learn more about these things, you can search my YouTube channel for other videos, FrankTefanoVitaminD, FrankTefanoVegetableSeedOils, Omega6, FrankTefanoRadiation and we have the websites as well, FrankTefano.com where you will see everything. FrankEastRangeMeat.com where you can get high quality animal products, especially some animal fats. We have the collagen broth and beef stock as well, those are pretty interesting and Wi-FiShielding.com, I'm wearing the clothing right now underneath this and we also have some bed canopies and some other stuff available on there to help you feel and sleep a lot better. This was supposed to be five minutes but I always go too long. If you guys want to check out some new content that you might not have seen, I do have videos on TikTok that I don't necessarily post to YouTube but these videos are also done on TikTok, so if you want to watch this again with a few more things thrown in here and there or just a little different, you can go on TikTok for that as well. As always, thank you guys for joining me. If you could please drop a like on the video, leave a comment down below. Make sure to subscribe and check that notification bell. I sent out the final email for the seminar, that should happen in May so we're going to see you over the next week or two if it's 100% going to happen but make sure to email me, FrankAtFrankTefano.com if you guys are interested in attending and as I said a moment ago, you can go to FrankAtFrankTefano.com to support me through all of my businesses. Thanks again guys and I'll see you soon.


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Like humans, animals also get cancer and need to be diagnosed and treated using radiation. In fact, the use of radiation in veterinary medicine is increasing worldwide. We treat a broad spectrum of species that range from very small animals, like small reptiles or birds, up to very big and heavy animals like horses, cows and exotic zoo animals. Veterinary and human medical procedures are different. For example, in radiotherapy, animals need anesthesia to remain still enough for vets to target the correct part of the body. Examinations such as x-rays often take place outside of veterinarian facilities and owners or staff need to hold the animals during the procedures so they do not move. If it is necessary that people are in the room during the investigation, then it's important to reduce the effect of those. Training and protective clothing such as lead aprons, thyroid shields and gloves can also help protect staff from unnecessary radiation. The IAEA is developing its first safety report on radiation protection for veterinary medicine. The animals, they don't follow instructions well, so we have difficulty in getting them to cooperate for even simple procedures. So this was a response to give both the regulatory authority and the veterinarian professionals some guidance on how to use radiation safely.