Hey everyone and welcome. This is Jack Butler and I'm excited to be here today Talking with Jonathan Astley who is a very successful youtuber. He's got a great channel. You should check it out I'll link it beneath the video and we are here talking about why women accept casual when they are looking for Committed so Jonathan welcome to the channel. I'm so I'm so grateful that you reached out to me I I want you to know I followed your work as well and yes And I really appreciate your Person of development take in how you approach You know whether it's dating mating or relating to just individual growth and and so I want you know You are on my radar. So when you reached out, I'm like, oh, I'm excited. Yes. No, it's good I appreciate that so one of the reasons I was keen to get you on the channel Is that you have done a lot with working with women in dating over 40? Yeah, so if anyone's you know in that category in listening, I want you to pay particular attention So we're gonna dialogue here a bit So let's just just dive in because you were saying some stuff before we got on here that was really interesting And so what's your take on on this question? Why are women accepting casual when they're really wanting commitment? well I'm gonna go down a rabbit hole here for everyone that's watching so just bear with me for a second and Just to give some context. Yeah, I After turning 40 and going through a divorce about a decade and a half ago I found myself in the dating marketplace and it was a completely different world because in my generation There was no internet We met people organically and now that there's the internet and I thought oh what a great way to meet someone You just plug in exactly what you want and someone would magically appear and After one and I mean I'd meet her. Yeah, I'd meet a really nice gal. We'd have a great date, but something wasn't right I'd meet another one nice gal great date another one So, you know something wasn't right quite frankly. I had over a hundred internet dates in my first one in a year Oh, yeah, I literally was to a week. Well, and and I had even a short-lived relationship in there What I found the problem wasn't the women the problem was me So I actually began doing work Under individual work personal development self-help spiritual work. Yeah, so to get a sense of what what am I doing wrong and and I don't like even characterizing the word wrong, but yeah ineffective and What was interesting was I was actually communicating with so many women They were asking my advice about men dating relationships their profile that I switched professions from the insurance field to helping Give advice on just to improve dating profiles. Yeah And and I grew to such a point where I've actually established I'm actually, you know, I I'm in the like second tier of the top tier people That are in this industry if you will and I mean that there are people more successful than me, but I'm quite successful What I recognized was when I was in my 20s and I'm answering the question now when I was in my 20s and 30s I was very programmed and I'm of that baby boom Gen X period I'm right at the cusp of that age bracket.  That was my programming So when I was in my 20s, I was on the hunt for a wife yeah, okay and And and and all my friends were on the hunt for a wife because we had this programming about family Yeah, then at 40. I went through a divorce and I was a train wreck for easily five years I was a disaster emotionally speaking and yet I craved companionship Yeah, I craved connection and I crave sex. What was missing was commitment Yeah, two reasons a I was gun shy to commitment Of course, but be I didn't know what commitment looked like because the demographic I was dating and roughly, you know I say this is anecdotal, but roughly 75 percent of people over 45 years old are divorced Yeah, and divorce comes with it an emotional Entanglement it's an it's an unraveling of the tapestry of a life You thought you were going to build. Yeah, and now it's it's it's you know, it's like it's free So what commitment looks like in particularly for those of us in 40 divorce Maybe children or whatnot is ambiguous at best. Yeah, we think of monogamy and exclusivity as forms of commitment yeah but After that You know, you can you know, you can break up with anyone if someone at any given time, you know There isn't really any deep roots of commitment and what men in particular is they don't have the blueprint of What commitment looks like? After getting married, you know after going through a divorce and what I mean to say is short of marriage again And if you're gun shy of shared marriage again, yeah, is it is commitment living together? Is commitment sharing finances coming? Yeah, and so So now coming back to your question. Why are women accepting? casual to commitment It's because we've been indoctrinated in believing that chemistry equals relationship success You know Lust and limerence, you know that happens in early stage. Oh my god. We lust for each other graduation, yeah, and and yet why do women find themselves six weeks later after you know They've been intimate with someone all of a sudden. He says I'm not ready for a relationship was because Men right off the bat a significant percentage aren't committed to the idea of commitment Do you say they aren't committed to the idea? They are not committed to the idea of commitment for it. Yeah Now they might say the words. I'm seeking a relationship But remember I said earlier companionship connection and sex The fourth leg and I really should say if I want to keep them all sees companionship commitment and coupling, okay? The fourth seed that's missing is commitment and yeah, because they don't know what it looks like for them And you think they don't know what the deeper purpose is is if there's not the purpose of kind of creating family children together And there's not the purpose of marrying or marrying again Interesting so wait So you're actually saying in a way that the issue as I'm hearing it so far is a little bit more on the side of men. Oh Absolutely, and and so it's the men in particular not that men are you know I've we've been indoctrinated in a traditional Expectation that men are the leaders of the relationship Because traditionally speaking men have been the provider protectors and they say I'm gonna take you in my home I'm gonna protect you and I'm gonna provide for you Okay, now you've got this group of men. They're like, I don't know if I want to be provider protector You know, I just went through a nasty divorce. I've got to pay alimony I've got this person that's beating down my neck and it and for some men they have contentious Relationships with their ex that idea provider protector and a lot of people and a lot of people in our realm Particularly I believe female coaches over emphasize this without understanding because I'm a man I went through a divorce the last thing I wanted to be and I went through a contentious divorce The last thing I wanted to be was a provider protector for someone, but everybody says but that's biological. Well, guess what? Biology was for the cavemen for 30 years because that's about as old as a caveman ever got There's no cavemen that made it age 60 and went through divorce Alimony and child support and visitation rights and you know, and there was no so just on that specifically Do you think anything has changed? Sort of substantively since you know 70s and 80s because there was also a decent divorce rate happening then The thing that you mentioned this different is sort of online But do you think this was the same situation that people were dealing with 40 years ago or do you think something is unique to this time? so the proliferation of divorce coincides with the woman's Capacity to no longer be dependent upon a man to support herself Throughout history when you are dependent you might have compromised yourself to To stay with the person that might be miserable, but you had no choice to leave Yeah, roughly in the when women were Had the fortune to be to be able to support themselves financially it allowed them to exit Relationships outside of dependency. Yeah now So that's number one number two I think the advent of birth control has also Shift the narrative because now sex can be done on a casual level and no longer on a committed level Yeah, so comes back to our title casual versus committed women are accepting casual relationships because there's this belief that it's going to turn committed at some point in the future and In many cases your deal if I said earlier if a man isn't committed to the idea of commitment He just wants casual, you know, he might say the words. I want a relationship, but The word relationship can have multiple meanings to multiple different people. What does it mean? Yeah Recall an essentially contested concept like until you define it. Yeah And so, you know a woman's idea of relationship might look something like this and the guy's like I just want to see you at my beck and call and that space in between is called drama by the way Because Yeah, so yeah, so wait so what what I'm hearing is actually that may because you the two things that you pointed to there about Proliferation of divorce rates and birth control again, they have been around for quite a you know number of decades and So I'm I'm wondering if this is actually something that people have been dealing with for a number of decades But maybe actually people want more or different on both sides of the equation from what what is this relationship going to be? If it's not about Creating a family together or we already have that or I don't want it or I'm not capable of it or whatever That's the pieces there What do you think is the best way for a woman to approach? Articulating what she's actually looking for in a relationship beyond just maybe saying commitment like what would be the the best pitch Authentically to a guy to say this is why maybe we want to have a committed relationship So I think it's important and I want to address that question I mean and at the same time there was one other piece I didn't include prior and I want to add that so we said women's capacity to take care of themselves began to increase We have birth control and again since the 70s, you know, I'm saying this is it's a 50 year evolution here what's changed in the last 20 years is this thing and The ease of access to people who wouldn't otherwise be in your your social visual circle I mean, yeah, not your social circle or actually I say it your visual circle because it was everything was proximity based now At a click of a finger, you know a guy can be communicating with he lives in Los Angeles can communicate with someone in Chicago and Begin a yeah, and go and have you know meet them have sex and then say oh, I'm not ready for a relationship So I just wanted to add that piece that's changed so much so in the last 20 years And really it's the last five years of swipe dating That has bastard eyes the mating process Okay, because of this belief of the paradox of choice in other words We have this belief that we have so many choices and that's what's changed in the last five years now to come back to your question One of the things I teach in my private coaching is something I call radical honesty Prequalifying your prospect. It's really about laying your cards on the table Very early on before you ever get attached to another human being and the new term for this is called hard-balling Hard-balling is like look, you know what this is what I want if you're not on the same page as me Then you know, there's no need to even take this any further And that's my now this is gonna scare off 90% of men But these are the 90% that they're not committed to the idea of commitment Mm-hmm, you know, I like to get your take on something. Is it okay if I share with you with you and your audience? something I call the dating vows and It's something to address early on in the dating process. I'm gonna read it It goes like this. Have you ever heard the saying women of the gatekeepers the sex and men of the gatekeepers the commitment? Mm-hmm like and nowadays sex could be given without any commitment And I mean, yeah, there might be the agreement of monogamy and exclusivity, but that's that's still a weak form of commitment So the dating vow before sex states the following each person agrees to the following I agree to explore the process of getting to know you with the intent to declare something serious within the next three To six months you're both sharing this I agree to be monogamous sexually while we have regular sex together I agree to not actively seek to meet and date others while we're in the dating process Including taking down my dating profile I agree to speak up if this isn't working for me versus pulling back ghosting or disappearing and I agree to invest regular time in the process to get to know you which looks like We spend three or four days a night a week together doing shared activities hobbies mutual interest spending time with family and friends teamwork in both our personal and professional life So I like it my clients have been adopting this and It's scaring off. It scares 90% of men When are they introducing it into the conversation?  I mean we've talked about oxytocin not you and I haven't talked about it I mean most everyone who follows us we've heard those Heard about oxytocin estrogen all those sorts of things. It's really tick tricky. So I invite deeper conversations on the first phone call Yeah, like you got nothing to lose you're not attached to a person if they go oh this feels like an interview I'm like yeah, it is we should be interrogating people.  Yeah, so I yeah, I was just making maybe the distinction between Here's what I'm looking for right. I'm looking for you know a real relationship or a committed relationship. Yeah, which is Different than what you you know, I love what you talked about with the dating vows Yeah, that's so that's like a we thing isn't it right? That's a sort of like hey We are both so this is not it's it's personal. It's not impersonal like hey, I'm looking for committed relationship It's personal to you like we are gonna agree to basically date exclusively and if we want to hear a set of agreements That just gives some substance to what that actually looks like. Yeah, you know, so so The question becomes a establishing what your standard is so My standard was before I met my beloved and there's a picture for right there My and we met on a dating site. It happened to be even long distance Which I'm not a big proponent of long distance, but we established very early on what our standard was So my standard at a minimum Was to spend three or four days and nights a week together doing shared activities hobbies mutual interest spending time with family and friends traveling together teamwork building skills both in our personal and our professional life intimacy both physical and emotional intimacy that Leads to either moving in together getting married. That was my standard. That was my box We had to work around that box because of the distance But your lifestyle blended so well with mine that within 90 days We actually chose within a 90-day period to move in together Which occurred five months after we first met Let me just quickly give you backstory, but we've been talking on and off for a year. So it wasn't a total stranger. I can't yeah but We were like look if this is gonna work and she had the flexibility of moving and she had children who lives here We're like if this is gonna work, we've got a either she has to live here or move in together We were fully committed to taking the risk You know both a financial risk and you know Because we thought that this was worth it, you know most people these days I'm gonna be candid with you Jack I think dating today is just a strung-out version of friends with benefits with some minor agreement to monogamy and exclusivity which and I say it I say it cavill I say it almost Not cavalier Lee I say it almost from a caustic perspective is There's really no commitment and Yet remember I said women are the gatekeepers of sex and men are gatekeepers of commitment and Guy doesn't have to give much commitment to get laid on a regular basis So let's imagine for a moment that you I don't know your audience is is Proton women, but let's just say that you were working with a guy and you were trying to enroll him In why a committed relationship might be good for him All right, not just because she wants to have a committed relationship But sort of like in an internally owned like I also want this or yeah I'm in the box that you're talking about. I'm ready to be in a committed relationship Just to kind of get into the male psychology of that. What do you think is most in that for guys I? great question, so I believe the man who is emotionally grown up, okay as emotional maturity in other words He's not overly affected by childhood wounds and traumas, and he's not overly affected by Adult traumas and his the life like the the foundation of his life is solid. Let me give you an example He's not dealing with a contentious divorce. Yeah, he's not dealing with children issues He's not dealing with professional issues, and he's not dealing with very many health issues I'm saying for the most part I mean, yeah, you all have little bits in here But if if you're if the ground underneath you doesn't feel solid.   And he's attracted to the woman.  I'm you know self-control to some degree is about going look I don't want to be on this merry-go-round. So that's the incentive one and number two I'm I'm a woman who wants to co-create Are you a man who wants to co-create because if you do and by the way my clientele is using this hard-balling Technique and it's actually a lot of men are going. Oh my god This makes my job so much easier. You've already laid it out for me I don't have to it's already there if they buy into it. They're like God. You just made it easy for me. Yeah Yeah, the alignment is easier So just to dimensionalize that let's say someone's hearing that and they're like Oh, I like the idea of a co-creative partnership. Yeah, right man or woman or however you identify Yeah, what do you think are some of the elements of of a co-creative partnership? Like how would someone know that they're in one or what what is the possibility of that? So I happen to be a big fan of the work of the Gottmans the Gottman Institute John and Julie Gottman in particular and they wrote a book called eight dates Mm-hmm now what this is is eight separate conversations to have with someone to Determine if you're on the same page starting with trust and commitment being the first chapter and so and the second chapter is about what's calling agreeing to disagree learning conflict resolution skills, yes so there's a blueprint that exists both in their book eight dates and the Seven principles for mayoring making a marriage successful What I mean to say is these are people that thought, you know, this is a guy who was much like Oh, can I rewind for a second and just share something? I'll come back to Gottman in a second. Okay, when I was going through divorce My wife and I had to go to family court Which I was wished we didn't have to but I sat there listening to four other couples going through their Basically laying their dirty laundry Mm-hmm and occurred to me that wait a minute if this is what causes divorce Shouldn't we reverse engineer that so we never get there? Mm-hmm. That's what the Gottmans have done They have predicted where most failures in relationship occur and then Reinvent or connected the dots, you know reverse engineered it to say well, this is what you can do to avoid this happening it requires two people being intentional and You know women tend to be more that way women by relationship books, you know ninefold greater than men most like That's my that's a prediction on my part. That's not a fact. Okay. I've heard it Yeah, I ain't so so if that's the case women and have a container of knowledge that the men don't so then it becomes introducing it to a man and Look at I jokingly say the following, you know ladies You can sit in your feminine energy and hope to be claimed by a guy, but just recognize this most men are rather clueless You are in charge of your relationship destiny and quite frankly You are the container to develop the emotional aspect of the relationship because you're better trained at it than we are mm-hmm So don't be afraid to Establish that standard and boundary for yourself because the right guy is going to go thank God You just made my job easier and men want it men do want it easy It's okay to be the emotional leader of the relationship and yet most of you are afraid so you accept casual You accept crumbs in many cases Hoping that magic fairy dust will change a guy who is not Had does not have commitment on the fourth row of his mind and commitment is really these days You don't want to live together get married. I'm not a puritan But I now recognize why marriage was so valuable Because men can string you along sexually like I said dating has become a strung-out version of friends with benefits Okay, that's my rant. I I don't I'm curious to hear if you agree or disagree with me Well, so on the on the question of You know, why might you be in a in a in a like a co-creative partnership? Yeah, my my imagination is that for a lot of people if they're oriented towards growth Yeah, the relationship is that is the best fastest and sometimes hardest Right like I mean I sometimes talk about the intractable domain, right? There's a lot of us have a domain sometimes multiple domains of life that just seem kind of hard, right? For some people it might be making money or finding home. It might be relationship. It might be health But I know a lot of people who you know their career is you know, yeah There's ups and downs but generally, you know, they're happy with their career or they got good things going on The career is not going to teach them the same thing that actually coming into contact with another human being is Particularly when it comes to some of the stuff you're talking about, you know The inheritance of our childhoods, which we're all going to have in some some way shape or form. Yeah I'm I guess I'm just curious if As many men are looking at it that way as women as like, you know, because I you know I've seen both with clients and just in the marketplace a lot of a lot of profiles women saying look I'm looking for basically an adventure travel buddy I say I don't want kids, but I want an adventure travel buddy And I want someone I can grow with and that variation of someone I can grow with is quite a common way of Women talking about what they're looking for and dating and I'm curious, you know I haven't seen as many male dating profiles I'm curious if men are on that same page that hey if we're not doing the family thing Or it's not the time of life now to do that. Am I looking for someone to grow with am I looking for someone to? Help me be a better human being and make me more conscious Because I have a suspicion that there might be slightly more women in that category Who are like wanting to use relationship to grow and be more conscious Yeah, I would say that while there is a Significant percentage of women who have also gone through a divorce and they're less likely to grow with someone I mean at least really fully commit to another person There's a big percentage of that Let me just share with you and especially in the demographic that I talked to in the 50 60 year old demographic because they might be on a second marriage And that's another factor to consider Yeah, it's both how many how many times a person has been married or how many multiple relationships they've had Yeah, it makes a relationship your desire for commitment begins to become can not does but yes can become You know almost non-existent. Okay with that said though I think genuinely speaking women have a propensity to want commitment more so than men Yes, okay, and to grow with someone Okay It's but here's the thing as they say in my videos most men are good guys. They're just bad daters They haven't had anyone really lead them in the in the grow in how to grow a relationship. So All here's the bottom line. It's this you need a man who's open to your way of thinking or your Methodology, okay, and a lot of women are scared because you know We've been so indoctrinated men are the leaders and women just have to accept a man's direction to some degree Yeah, so when you're saying your methodology, what what do you mean by that is that you take charge of your Relationship destiny particularly by being the emotional leader of the relationship So it might look like hey, I've got this thing called the book eight dates. It's a blueprint to help us Grow as a couple. Are you interested in doing this with me and a man might say oh my god therapy That's the line. I'm against all that blah blah blah. Well, then you know you have a closed-minded person So quickly you want to determine are they open-minded or closed-minded? Yeah, I hear and you know Do you have any advice just on that right? Let's say someone is listening to this and they are in a relationship with a man Right, but they want to do something like that They want to you know go to a seminar get therapy and the guy is is being resistant Do you have any tips to help a woman in that situation other than perhaps? Okay? This might be that it's not actually going to work out, you know, like well, you know We could use some of the terminology I would feel so good if you do this for me and believing that men want to please women You know, but if someone is resistant to it doesn't matter how how much you say it feels good for me to do this If someone's resistant then the question becomes where is their resistance coming from and maybe have a dialogue about where that Resistance coming from and maybe had a childhood wound or a trauma or an adult trauma that has gone unhealed and maybe I mean at some level It's I think it's important to say look if you're not on the same page with me I'm gonna go find somebody who is on the same page with me not be fearful So I'm not saying you draw a line in the sand, but ultimately Look at women on average spend five years with the wrong guy and this happens habitually And I'm picking that number, you know, yeah, you know, I get it. So, you know when I hear it what you're saying is In a sense if there is significant resistance Probabilistically what I hear you say is it's maybe not a good fit for you Maybe you actually you should start looking elsewhere rather than perhaps he is the Here's the way that you enroll a guy like you can explore what his fear is, right? Yeah, and yeah, maybe it is linked to some kind of trauma. Yeah, maybe for some guys unless they've seen the value of therapy They don't see the value of therapy, you know, I mean like they've got to have some kind of Sense that it's either valuable Or is gonna help them or help the help the relationship Well, you can always accept the man the way he is, you know and just accept it and accept the relationship but Be careful if it's a dependent type of relationship is certainly a Particularly when we think of it from a monetary perspective, but a lot of times women accept Me, you know mediocre and I'm characterizing that because it's better to have a mediocre relationship than no relationship at all Better than nothing. Yeah. Yeah, so I'm not I'm not a Advocate for that by any stretch of the means but I'm certainly understand why so many women you will accept Casual because it's better, you know life is better with company The problem becomes at any given moment that personal leave and then do you really look at we also have to fear death, too Sometimes that's the catalyst for a relationship to end. Yeah, and I'm talking about for those of us Yeah, that are you know age graphic? Yeah, but ultimately growth In my opinion is the fun part of the journey, you know By by establishing Yeah, I dated a woman once this is before I met my beloved which my sweetheart and I devote one day a month to absolute You know absolute really a day and a half to really Work on stuff in our relationship. Yeah, I know do it in a very spiritual way and of along with throughout the day Throughout the week we do things but there is a devoted day. Yeah I dated a woman who did something called church instead of physically going to church We listen to a personal development CD for an hour and a half and then we talked about it Well, that was personal development. What about a relationship? you know podcast and talk about what was discussed and having a dialogue with someone and You know to me rich dialogue with a partner Is kind of the reason why I get up in the morning to spend with my beloved because we have these deep rich conversations And we both like each other You've talked about this aspect of Sort of dependency when I think ultimately you're talking about financial dependency. Well, that's one important vector of it Do you have any view about Say a woman who doesn't need a guy to do that But maybe still has some desire that the guy is pretty You know, not necessarily wealthy but kind of financially set responsible showing up in that domain Um, are you counseling people against getting into more mutually commingled financially dependent relationship? um Is there a sense that if that's not happening for some for some women It might never feel quite as a sort of full as a relationship where maybe that is happening Um, what what do you think about that? So? Well, let's just kind of look at the united states for a moment Roughly 80 of the population makes less than the hundred thousand dollars a year That's just you know, and and roughly about 90 of the population have less than You know, they they couldn't be out of work for three months without suffering a substantial um financial, you know potential calamity So, okay, so we know some of these facts to be true the reality is is most people aren't you know We were talking about a podcast earlier where they talk about, you know Athletes and ballers and stuff like that, you know, the richest of the rich and then the Kardashians are good That's not that's not the average person the average person has a job making 50 grand 75 grand a year In my opinion is two incomes is better than one Okay, so while you might seek someone to take care of you financially that means you're gonna have to Be in a position to attract someone if that's the case or you can say two incomes is better than one And let's say you're a woman who made 75 grand a year and you're with a man who made 65 grand a year Well, that's combined as 140 a year If you're in a committed relationship with this person you live together you can combine resources the reality is is um While traditionally men have always had the opportunity to continually create resources We're seeing a shift in that dramatically As people age and so I think it's better to view it two is better than one And not from a and so if you have to come if you're a woman who has to come at it from a dependency stage Then you might have to settle for you might be have to settle in certain areas of your life And it's in a lot of people don't want to settle You know, um You know, they want their case needed to this is women as well as men You know men want to have more physical attractiveness women tend to have one or men with established resources But I could say two is better than one So it sounds like that's if I haven't really put it in this language. It sounds like you're saying Better than dependencies interdependence And really what you're saying too is better than one is kind of like, yeah, we're gonna we're gonna both put into the pot But it's really more of an interdependent than one-way dependent kind of relationship Exactly exactly. Yeah So we're probably coming to the the sort of end of our time here So just to tie us back to where we started right women accept casual when they're looking for commitment, right? So let's say right now someone's listened to this and if they're Tuning into themselves. They're like, yep, that probably does apply to me. Do you have any kind of message of? Support hope like what would you say to a person who's like, yep, that's kind of happening for me right now Sure. I and that's a great question. So I would venture I first and foremost is Certainly work on oneself whether it's healing childhood wounds and traumas or adult traumas So you can actually show up to be a full participant in relationship Number two, there are a lot of good men out there There's a lot of good out there. They're just bad at the dating process So rather than judgment is as with an expectation of being good at this just accept that they're bad at it Just like it's accepting that men want sex on the first date. That's just let's just call those givens But not with with no judgment. Okay Your job as a woman or at least my invitation for you is to do a better job of weeding out You know the wrong men sooner rather than later Because that puts like even what I teach my coaching is my job is to put the odds in your favor Because we're dealing with a population that is rather dysfunctional to some degree some more than others We mean the dating pool of men though. Yeah, well dating pool of men and women. Believe me the dysfunctionality I mean, you know, there's there's people with clinical issues There's people that are dysfunctional and there's a there's a range of that dysfunctionality And then there's certainly men who are growers and builders that I talk about Those are that have that capacity and there are plenty of men out there. Sometimes you have to be a little bit more patient At the same time having your standards So I'm all about laying your cards on the table If there's if there's mutual physical attraction then lay your cards on the table sooner rather than Then playing the game of like of not Listen a lot of people say dating should just just have fun. Just have a good time. It's all about having a good time Well, here's the problem You have a good time for too long without Prequalifying that person and then you're attached to someone and then you find yourself You know six weeks later going. Oh, I just got dumped by a guy because I didn't do my job Yeah, it's it's a job and god guess what you may not like the job You may despise the idea of a job or you can say, you know what being strategic can be fun, too Yeah, and and you can not I'm not saying play it as a game, but Yeah, be smart and just be and always come at it from a place of Gratitude and curiosity and just I'm just going to be curious and open and see where it goes And if it doesn't work out, that's okay, too But by doing this you put the odds in your favor. Yeah Yeah, I like that sounds like not being afraid to claim what it is that you're actually looking for Exactly to your point earlier realizing that that probably will repel Most men. Yeah, you said 90% Yeah, I get it and actually learning how to tolerate that rather than tolerate The difficulty of starting to attach to someone who's not really available to be attached to exactly well said jack Yeah, well, look, thanks so much for coming on and sharing your wisdom If you want more of Jonathan, just look beneath this video. You'll be able to head over to his channel. Check it out And for everyone who's been here watching appreciate it Look forward to being with you again on the channel and all the best with your dating. Thanks. Thanks so much


Literally right next to a sign that says fishing area. Oh, there's one. Got it. Oh, there's a fish right there on a bed. All right, y'all, you need to take a look at this. This is what I was talking about the last video. Got him. Throw that little finesse on him. Little finesse on him. Just a little guy. Little guy, but he was right by the boat and he was fun. You were fun. Part of that new wave that's coming up here to spawn, sir. Welcome back to the channel, everybody. Starting the day off with a catch here. Go ahead and hit the like button for that. Today's Outdoor Greatness is brought to you by Favorite Fishing USA, y'all. If you watch any of the videos from the big sexy line, down to the whitebirds, which are an entry level rod that everybody can afford, all the way up to a premium super light, super sensitive rods, favorite scotch yet. So, link's down in the description if you wanna check it out. And specifically, if you wanna check out the LFG make-up and cast count series rod that I use just about every day. So thank you, Favorite Fishing USA, and we are working on more stuff with them as we speak. More models, more dangles. One left you guys off last time. I was catching a lot of fish, a lot of numbers, and as we kinda got to the afternoon, the fish started really betting up. The male bass started betting up. The one that I just caught, literally. I mean, it's just betting. So the full moon has passed, the storms have stopped, and now that the water is stabilized, even though it flooded a little bit, it stabilized. These fish are moving up into that brush around the bank, just new cover. Gonna go try to figure those fish out, and if that pattern is not good, the spawning fish can be tough. That's not savvy enough.  I think we're gonna have a good time together today, y'all. Let's go keepin' it. I just heard something get slurped on another bank. Y'all, the technique that I'm using here, because it is just such a clear water lake, is I'm goin' wacky style with these shallow fish using the stick bait. Amazing spring-time lure. The key is just finding the right banks. They have the right steepness and hardness. Seein' a few cruisin' in the shallows, I just break it out, and I start makin' cast lateral to the bank. I'm just workin' it kinda slow. They are in there. Another one by that isolated tree. Little guy. Whoa, whoa! Where you goin' there, sir?  A little bit bigger than the last one. See ya. Isolated tree right there, he just picked it up. Oh no, lost it. I was lookin' at one right under this tree. Call me confident, but I think there's gonna be one on this point. Nice hard point that juts out right at me. Oh, okay, hang on a second.  And I bet there is another one by this isolated tree again. It was about time to retie. The fish was, like, sittin' there with it. I was about to lift up my rod for another cast. It's a spotted bass there. Healthy spotted bass. Pick up the wacky here. There is going to be one in here on the wacky. Oh, gosh. Wow, that's, wow. No way. That's a little one there. That's a, that's a tiny one. Big small, I sniff them all though. Couple of little fish right there. Nothing Instagram worthy, I guess you could say. There's a little afternoon wind pickin' up, or at least where I am right now. Kind of torn if I should keep going the back of pockets where I should try something more main lake. I really have not scored a lot of this lake. One more pocket up there looks pretty good. It's got an actual three-fronted in it, like that one. That usually will mean there's a deeper channel, a deeper cut. When I get into the flat areas, no. That's a no-go. But if there's a steeper bank, there's protection, good hard bottom, they're doing it. There's a good one. Oh, it broke me off. Should've retied. Caught a bunch of fish on that same deal earlier. One wrapped me around a tree and I didn't retie and well, that's what you get. That was a better fish. Steeper bank, literally right next to a sign that says fishing area. Guess the state of Oklahoma puts in some brush or something like that, deems some sites as fishing areas. We have to look at that with the electronics for the crappie times. Oh, there's one, much, much smaller. That drag just did, just right. Oh, it's a spotted bass. I think, yep, it's a spotted bass. Hey there, filler. Man, spotted bass just feel rougher, like a snake. Scales are gnarly, pretty awesome fish. See you, dude, beautiful. Some water flowing in, beautiful, man. Beautiful, majestic, dragonflies running around. Oh my gosh, I'm seeing a lot of bass moving right now. Oh my gosh, what, they're on the bank. Right there on the bank. God, just had one on a bed right there. God, there's so many fish in here. Like, there's hundreds of fish back in this pocket. All little males getting ready to spawn. And then there's some species back here. I don't even know what it is. It could be like a Sager, something like that. I've never caught before. Kind of want to figure out how to catch them. Oh, there's another one. Golly, they're packed in here like sardines. Yep, y'all are just sardines. Oh, dang it, I lost my lure. Whoa, look at you, you true largemouth. That is a largemouth bass, northern largemouth. Beautiful, right in there. Oh, that's a better one. Oh, I've lost him, tatgummit. Man. Ah, you never lose them on that single hook like that. That was the best fish I've had the whole trip. Y'all, I think back to the pockets for the largemouth. Get right there was a hot pocket. Hashtag hot pocket, I lost two good ones in there. So that makes me think that is the right thing to do. That was, I mean, I was seeing swarms of fish in the very back of the creek after the rain. Man, good decision to come up here instead of fishing the mud holes. But I don't have much sun left, so I'm gonna head closer to the ramp. This lake is huge. I wanna make sure I'm not lost out here. Okay, y'all see that island right there? Since it is just so crowded, everyone has decided to come camp up here. I don't blame them, it's a great place to come camping. But since I have a boat, and there's an island right there that has camping on it, but you can't get to it because the rest of it's flooded only by boat, I'm just gonna go up to my truck. I'm gonna get my pack, put it in this boat, go over here, I'm gonna spend the night on this island. I got a boat, I got a tent, it's here for me. Got her pack, got her firewood. It's looking like it's gonna be a mountain house meal, but that's okay, I need to get used to those. That's what I'm gonna be eating on the mountain in New Zealand for quite a long time, like eight or nine days. There's home for tonight. I don't think I can pick a better place to sleep tonight. I'm on my own island, so I don't have to worry about people coming and poking me with sticks at night. I pretty much just have the basics in here. I try to pack this out like I am in New Zealand, so I've got my clothes, which all these are real packable. I've got two, believe it or not, a puffy pant, a puffy jacket, underwear, socks, like pretty much everything for a mountain hunt in there, besides rain gear, which is in the top here. And then I've got my tent. The tent is a two man. I got a two man because I'm going with another guy, but not saying we're gonna sleep together, I'm just saying, because I got a lot of stuff. One thing I did forget, and I'm just realizing that is my sleeping pad.  I had this big, luxurious sleeping pad. It fit like the whole thing, fit inside of here. Filled up the whole, it was, ah, I'm gonna have to fashion myself, some sort of sleeping pad. I've got rocks right here, which don't really feel too good on the old back. Anyways, we're gonna get this tent up, and then we're just gonna prepare our minds and bodies to sleep on the rocks. The rock is just a no-go, little softer, a little muddy, but it's gonna have to do. Also, there's someone's random sock there. There's our Motel Kuyu for tonight. So, our cooking system for tonight is going to be a portable burner, a little portable propane, Coleman. This is a portable camping stove, pretty neat little unit here.  This is what we're gonna be carrying up in New Zealand. I can turn this on with a little pressure right there, and then light it up. And then let's get into what we're having to eat tonight, little mountain house. Who hadn't had them in nice old mountain house? Geez, I don't think I've ever had a mountain house. I've had an MRE before, but never a mountain house. My choices are rice and chicken or spaghetti. What would you have? Let me know in the comments. I think I'm gonna go with some spaghetti. 12 grams of protein, 2.5 servings in an entree. Well, I'm gonna have them all. Cool thing about these is you can put boiling water inside of it, and then you let it sit, it cooks, and you're basically cooking inside of the package. So, just gotta boil some water. Let's be two cups, 16 ounces. Enriched spaghetti, durum wheat, some millennia, nice and frisvive, thiamine monitrayate, riboflavin, folic acid, tomato paste, cooked beef, beef flavoring, and salt.  You could go two ways in your bowels, you know. It could go, it speed things up or it could slow things down, I don't know.  Finally got a fire started. All right now, let's enjoy ourselves a mountain house. It's been stewing in there for about eight minutes inside of its own bag. Scope out the digs, it's time to sleep under the stars. No sleeping pad. Well, it does smell like spaghetti. Given that, my buddy was telling me to get an extra long spoon for this journey, and now I know why. The short spoon just goes way down in there.  What's those things we used to eat when we were kids? Skeddy-os, spaghetti-os? It's exactly what it tastes like, spaghetti-os. That is not bad, I can get down with this. I'm gonna be all right. How about this ground situation, though? Now that I got a belly full of freeze-ride spaghetti, it's time to retire. So I ended up devising a sleeping pad. I went and got my boat cover, so the boat cover is under there. I've got my charger, I've got my Garmin unit. My phone's not even working right now, so that's how I can tech stuff. Got the pillow, I've got the sleeping bag, I've got extra clothes in here for padding, and I've got my backpack, and there's a lot of room. It's got these little vents, too, that I can open up, but it's probably about 65 degrees outside. It feels really good, and I think I'm gonna be okay without the sleeping pad, the boat cover rolled it up, and I think that's gonna work, so we're gonna be okay. Thanks for coming along on today's adventure, y'all, and it is an adventure. Go ahead and hit the like button for camping on an island and going fishing early in the morning. It's good outdoor greatness. Just got a text back from Steph. I'm gonna text her back, and then I'm gonna lay my head down and prepare for outdoor greatness in the morning, y'all. It's gonna be beautiful. Come along, subscribe right here so you don't miss the next one, and I'll see you then.


Good morning everyone or afternoon depending on where you are. My name is Matthias and I'd like to thank you for attending this webinar I would like to begin by acknowledging the traditional owners of the land on which we are all On which we all are on today for me and Perth. That is the Wajuk people of the Nungar Nation I pay my respects to their elders past and present So the Australian research skilled workforce summit took place in Sydney earlier this year on the 29th and 30th of July And we are pleased to bring you a reprise of some of the discipline specific sessions Today that will be the sessions delivered by Leslie Weiborn and Robert Shen on geo science and astronomy respectively After each of the presentations will have some time for questions And you can use the question box in go-to webinar to ask them So first up, I'd like to introduce Leslie Weiborn Leslie works collaboratively with the National Computational Infrastructure Australian Research Data Commons and OSCO. She's currently chair of the Australian Academy of Science Data in Science Committee And on the AGU Data Management Advisory Board over to you Leslie Okay, so This one is about meeting the fair data skills challenges in the earth's in the Geosciences and I can get the thing to regret Just giving you an outline As some of you are aware, the earth sciences have been leading in a project with the publishers Whereby you will no longer be able to put data in a supplement It has to be in a repository and linked by a DOI And have a landing page and we're finding it's bit of a challenge I'm calling it the IR challenge the interoperability and reusability And so I'm going to present some work. We went back I've been working on for quite a few years where we actually said well There's something called a hybrid if that's person who's got a foot in both a data science world But it glirs well understands the domain and to ask to move forward on the IR challenge It's how do we quantify and grow the hybrid? And I'm just warning you each section is going to start with a boring trip down memory lane and So the biggest challenge for the Geosciences in this AGU fair project I'll just give you a bit of background to it The driver for changing how the sciences manage their data actually came from a professional association The American Geophysical Union and it has in this position statement that earth and space sciences are world heritage Properly documented credited, etc. They will help feature the sciences understand the earth planetary and heliophysics systems So if I go down memory lane, it's a centenary year for AGU and When AGU started computers and the internet had not been invented Most data was analogue and was published in research papers With the end of the computers in 1940 data generation started become Automated and with each new generation of instruments and I actually watched this happen Resolution of data and the volumes grew exponentially and by 1970 it was hard to publish all scientific data in typeset tables Data was accessed by the author Then our supplements and we say this is the dark ages of scientific data because we lost so much So again just to remind you some you probably don't know what a typewriter looks like and on the left You've got what was typical a typeset table in a volume and this volume here had all Australian Geochemistry back to the 1890s and I would argue that in probably six months a laboratory of today would generate the data that's in this and you can see where the disconnect came and So we had this fair data probably project where we were going to a line of publishers and repositories to make this connection between the data and Help them enable fair and open data and to create workflows so that researchers would have a common experience When submitting their paper to any leading earth and space science journal as some of you know Every journal does that differently, so we're trying to get a bit of coherence there And what we wanted to do was accelerate scientific discovery and enhancement of the integrity Transparency and reproducibility of scientific data that goes with publications and the results The fair principles which also apply to software are that as you all know You will assign persistent identifiers provide rich metadata and register in a searchable resource It's accessible by retrieving through the idea using a protocol or metadata Even when the data are long no longer available The interoperability and the reusability that's where you have to have the standard back cover is ready to your domain and Reusable means the metadata has to be accurate Have provenance and use community standards and a lot of things that people don't realize was fair is that is emphasizing not just human readable But machine actionable data and it's the machine actionable data is where the training is desperately needed So these are the groups that were involved in this project. You can see the communities on the left This is an international project and three Australian groups signed up for it NCI Oscar from IRDC As well, we had the publishers involved and some 300 international repositories And what we wanted was the publishers to adopt a common policy which agreed We're not going to do the supplements and that it's documented and preserved The repositories also had to come on board and be able to support authors and researchers by providing Services that ensure that they can meet the requirements of the publishers and Then above there was the all there was the researchers because they needed to understand How to share document and reference the data particularly that that supports its scholarly publications So we then realized that training was a huge need in this project if it was to succeed and The first thing we found and but involved with was the earth's science information partners data management training clearinghouse which IRDC by the way is now collaborating on and So this is the home page and on the right you can see well, you know What do you want to train on and what we've done is globally using crowd sourcing Obtained links and then vetted Training materials that are available online for all these Activities related to fair So we knew that there was sufficient training to help people get going the outputs from the project are here on this web page which I've got at the top and The key thing is this Commitment statement, which is where people are agreeing that this is what they are going to do and So you can see how a lot of societies signed up for it In my field the USGS and the British Geological Survey have signed up for it and in Australia We have those and Federation University. We're pleased to announce has now joined in and And here are the publishers and the publishers already starting to fight because they're actually knocking back papers From some of these journals because the researchers cannot put their data into a Requisite treat. I don't know how to I don't know where to start So this is our training gap And so what we thought of is this pushing impact onto the researchers. We did a survey and Asked what are the main problems and They all felt that again the interoperability and reusability because the requirements of having these people that are in both domains Was not very but they're just not there. Okay, and So what we were trying to do is that we wanted to get the researcher communities Get them into areas where they can make these and then they can make the data machine and human accessible It is the machine accessible that is causing the grief So whoops So what are the school sets for the fair data principles? We felt that the finable came mostly from the librarians and they're very good at assigning Identifiers providing metadata and registering in a research searchable resource Accessible a lot of that's just protocols and machine actionable and that's from the computer science But as I said, you need what we call the hybrids to be able to do both. And so the key question is How do we recognize the hybrids to help us get to the eye and the art? So a trip down memory lane and this is a wonderful publication If ever you want to dig yourself into it and it was Microsoft research towards 2020 and I remember when it first came out And it's amazing. Wow, what are they gonna say? We're gonna do in 2020 and you can see that they are saying Scientists need to be computationally mathematically literate and by 2020. It will be simply not possible to do science without this literacy And I think this is actually changing because I remember when we first started building our first in the earth sciences Virtual laboratory there the skills just were not there But they're coming on and what we're trying to do now is to harness people developing the right skills and This hybrid was recognized in this other Seminal document the fourth paradigm and it said we need two new branches of science in every discipline computational X versus X informatics known as the X factor I have domain expertise, but they have sufficient computational skills to do this bridging and We're going to need these hybrid functions going exponentially and again another 2020 working multidisciplinary teams that combine the domain the computational and data expertise on is going to come to the forefront So this is how great portrayed it as what we call the X factor and it's not your neck to the earth sciences It's in every domain we work in And so what I'm trying to do here in this next figure is to kind of portray this idea of you know You have the pure scientists and you have the computational, but these hybrids sit in the middle And they're a bit of both and you know, how do you grow them because we don't tend to in Australia? Have courses that are trying to train this group of people and Again, this is just my trip down memory lane. I can remember when I was doing this kind of work in the 80s and 90s Yeah, well, you know, I was just the scientists to do a bit more on data than everybody else did But by about the 2000s we're saying, oh, well, you need to put them with computational people but that kind of didn't work because You know, you just didn't get that crossover and So we started to see the 2010s people who had these dual skills starting to come and if those papers that I Read were true then they're going to be a lot more of them But how do you grow them and so this is just a piece of work I did in 2012 Now this wasn't related in Geoscience Australia It was not related to the fair training, but it's equally as applicable Because we're trying to understand what skills do the hybrids have and how can we recognize them to accelerate what we were doing? And so what we were doing was running this pilot to assess if there were business benefits to GA in applying Advanced ICT technologies, particularly HPC to enhance scientific outcomes The pilot was successful. We had a wonderful team, but we couldn't quantify the skills And so the professionals in GA's human resources team agreed to come and work with us and Look at the skills of those involved in the pilot to see if we could actually understand what we needed to put emphasis on in our training And so really what we're saying is that we're at a bit of a time in change And one of the things I argue is tall ships failed because they couldn't get any bigger mass than the tallest tree on the planet And we've got oceans of data and we can no longer handcraft solutions. It has to be machine to machine And so we're not thinking about what we're doing. We're asking carpenters to become mechanics and that's why I brought HR in so We the questions were designed by human resources and they generated Documented the data gathered and each participant was asked to define what they thought were the core elements of the research and Then we went through systematically and looked at the qualifications job experience skills knowledge behavioral attributes are more importantly We actually said to them if you're gonna keep doing this work or organizational support do you need? Now look, this is not a statistically viable sample, right? So I'm a scientist. This is not statistically viable We had 12 scientists in GA and 5 from the sorrow technical team But the results were wonderfully internally consistent So the core elements that both defined as being able to connect to electronic data Enable scientists to work on the data rather than on synthesis of the sub-sample data able to do probabilistic analysis with multiple scenarios and It's something where you can do technical innovation and I love this quote. It requires computers to enable it in humans to drive it We looked at the academic qualifications and both teams for BSE to PhD What we had in the science team we noticed was that compared to normal science graduates There was at the time there was much more qualifications in math supplied maths geophysics With some computational science modeling in numerical Meanwhile the technical team that implemented the solutions Had some scientific qualifications, but much more emphasis on computer science software engineering than in the science team So on the job training, what have they done since they did their skills? And they had done more computational programming skills in this GA science team Spatial skills data analysis The one thing that was really unique to them was that they were thinking on a bigger scale Which I guess when you're trying to introduce HPC to an organization. It's kind of important There's technical teams experience was in information systems design But they had also done some courses in physics to understand the problems that we were trying to address They had done spatial data design Engineering, but they were very experienced in developing a research tools and applying new technology So that's probably why this went very fast The overall characteristics I Said that they thought people needed to be intuitive logical non-linear thinker willing to try new things early adopter The technical team was really interesting because they've had these teams, but they emphasize teamwork But the ability to listen and communicate and actively be there with the scientists to understand what they were doing The organizational support desired by the teams and they both said you've got to have an organization It's willing to jump around and try new things They have to be an organization that will foster the early adopters You needed a specific research team, which we had a small specialist team trying to support the scientists and Recognize the high-level skills that the developers needed to do this. It wasn't just any programmer And the organization had to recognize that you do have people with a foot in both camps I know we went through a phase in GA where you could be one or the other And we weren't rewarding the people that were sitting in the middle or actually almost critical getting this thing off the ground And I love this quote from sorrow our team is built on ex sciences or reform software engineers who are trying to bridge that gap every day So in conclusion Right now that you science have a huge challenge because of the fear We have trained get me the f in the aid that the iron the art is a massive gap because we just don't have The people there a minority who can develop the frameworks Understand the standards the community vocabularies that support machine actionable transdisciplinary research And so again, I mean this was just an experiment We did and brought in professional HR people to work with known successful teams And I know across the ARDC we have more than a few successful teams Is it worth start interviewing the way we did seven years ago to better understand what makes them tick and work ahead Blown more of them. Thank you Thanks for that Leslie. Yep. Thank you. So we'll hold until the until after Robert's presentation for questions So now I would like to introduce Robert Shen Robert received his PhD in information technology from the University of Sydney in 2006 and joined astronomy Australia limited as a senior program manager in 2016 before that he worked at the Australian National Data Service for seven and a half years Over to you Robert Today, I'd like to talk about leverage a deck to support astronomy skill development So as I was a acronym a deck stands for astronomy data and computing service Before I start talk about perhaps given by contract. I need to give you a quick rundown a L L is one of the increased facilities. We are set up as not for profit a company Our member are Australia universities and research institutes with a significant Astronomical research capabilities. So so far we have 15 members covering the whole astronomy research areas Before I'm talking about a dex, I perhaps should talk about the Decado plan So the in 2016 the Academy of Science released a second Decado plan called Australia in the era of global astronomy Which has five equally weighted a priority and one of them is world-class HPC and Software capability for large theoretical simulation and the resource to enable processing and delivering a large data set So this for your information, this is second Decado plan and this is also the first time the Decado or Astronomy has a one priority related with data and computing to better addressing this priorities So L commissioned a working group called computing infrastructure planning working group By drawing data computing expert from research units and also from the research sectors So working group work together and create a report in later 2016 called computing infrastructure planning working group report Which has a set of concrete ideas or suggestions and guidelines for a guide ails future investment In summary, I think the report can be categorized into the key two key recommendations First one is suggest a to set up a dex to provide astronomy or in the training support and expertise services Second one is to invest into hardware, which is invested seven to fifteen million dollars every five years towards data and computing resources With limited funding and the budget al start set up a dex We started to stage process stage one called your I express interest So general purpose for your eye is we try to see how many research providers are king or happy to partner with a Provide astronomy oriented support and services we received a lot large applications and the panel reviewed and Select a few move to the next stage, which is for request for tender So general purpose for request tender is we try to evaluate So which research service provider research service provider is capable to provide astronomy oriented service As a result a dex was officially set up in early 2017 So a dex currently has two nodes one node in Melbourne hosted at Swinburne University Professor Gerard Hurley is the head of Swinburne node second node is in purse John the lead by Jenny Harrison from posi and Andrew roll from the curtain professor and roll from Curtin University The general aim for a dex is to try to provide Astronomy oriented data service and aim for enable astronomers to maximize the data and the computing investment Currently, I think a desk can be categorized into the three service component Service one as similar as organizing deliver is training and as usual, you know, a dex is also offering the mix of face-to-face online learning Hexone and other style events. I should have saying before I'm talking about the detail I should say why a dex need to deliver the training given, you know, nowadays the University deliver the training ARDC also deliver the training the short answer to this question is we feel there's still a gap based on our Survey to the astronomy communities. Let me take a quick example So when let's say Python is very popular these days When institutions organize a training, I guess institution perhaps will go for Python while one or advice the Python trainings But when a dex offers training a dex perhaps will focus on extra pie Which is a more astronomy focus the package to Python language Processing the astronomy data set So that is why we aim for a dex to draw to address specific a gap in the training areas Not just to repeat or reinventing the wheels A dex as I said before offering a set of training. This is the first This is the one of the, you know, the face-to-face training organized at a Astronomy and new scientific meetings I reason for me to use these pictures I should say when I first heard of this while I was a little bit worried because the training time is on Friday five o'clock to seven set five to seven p.m I thought after a week's meetings everyone would just want to go home instead of attending this training Until I received these pictures. I was a bit relieved. Seems, you know, the community is quite a passion on this sort of the face-to-face machine learning other trainings This is a second type of training, which is a dex partner with industry partners to organize relevant training In this one a dex co-host these events with nabida and also with arc center of excellence for gravitational wave discovery To organize the training on CUDA For some of you running the hpc simulations, you know, CUDA is very popular for gpu cluster programming optimizations And this is one another example. We are not only deliver training ourselves But also partnership with our industry partner and other organizations to deliver the training This is another example. Last year a dex organized the hack song event You know this typical that was astronomy various data available To enable astronomer work with data computing experts my term you can call the it developer, you know, whatever terms To squeeze value from astronomy data to make new discoveries Of course, a dex is also offering In this way offering outreach events together with purse observatories So this event is called cloudy skies. So if you want to know what Jupiter looks like, this is really good good opportunity for you to Have a set of the images from NASA's Juno machines available from Juno camera Enable you to apply machine learning or other different algorithms to processing the images And at night you also have the opportunity to go to purse observatory to observe the Jupiter's life Personally, this is one of my favorites. It's mixed with the learning and observations Of course, we understand there was no one solution fits for all. So a dex also offering online learning systems If you log into this url, you will see the extra introduction to astro pi To the pi song to the machine learning and to other slums and other parts of trainings Of course, you know, if you are a big fan for the youtube a dex also has youtube So for you to watch some short clips while you are not that busy If you are developer a dex also has github pages to all the relevant training materials are available github as well The last bit under the training is a dex also offering the internship. Um, this is great. I might another favorite So nowadays, you know a dex perhaps is more towards the biggest addressing the biggest science bigger data than needs Which um astronomy is quite popular in a way to addressing the phd students from astronomy society working on the real data computing problem and hopefully this can help new windows for their careers In fact, um, recently, we are really glad to hear after a few uh rounds of internship There was a few phd students from astronomy working on the different the big science areas That's the training second a desk component is called the national support Which is one of the largest investment for a dex point of view The idea is embed data computing expert to into the research team for the short term and also for the longer term It's could be, you know, the data computing expert simply just starts, you know, smooth up your raw data You know, maintain the device for you or even moving to the, you know, optimize your data pipelines So have a seamless data pipeline suggestion Or optimize your hpc code to running your efficient hpc simulations So as I mentioned before at this stage a dex offering the supposed short term and long term when I say short term Is up to six months when I say long term is in bed at least 12 months into research teams At this stage based on the, you know, the overall subsequent rate, it's really popular service both short term and long term a dex also offering the data management collaboration platform maintenance on this one So id is we are collaborating with the astronomy major publisher pasta So enable research to deposit your data set into the gd mcp behind the gd mcp is c can repositories So enable you to deposit your data set and, you know, to In the future, you can just publish your data when at once your general is published The last service component for a dex is to the national infrastructures So the general aim for this one is to make sure there will be sufficient data storage and hpc resource available for the h astronomy communities um for over the last few years A or partnership with all star to offering all star is swing by hpc service Which is hpc or for designer for astronomer or for a maintained by of astronomer and serviced by For the mainly for astronomy communities For the last few years a was responsible to Purchase the 7.4 million cpu hours available for astronomy communities Recently, we are also partner with ncr and negotiate additional 10 million cpu hours available for the astronomy communities Of course, we are also understanding the cloud computing is for quite a popular So in the near future, we're also for offering the cloud computing resource available for the communities And before I finish the talk talk about the future work. So um in the next two years We'll invest a large amount of more than more for more than five million dollars to the data centers So we're hoping a desk can better support the data center development Particularly for example, we are investing into the gravitational wave dot national data center Adex is becomes a body to hide the star data computing experts and operate Running this development under the adex banner, which is approved to be quite efficient way Second part is we try to hope a desk can develop a large pool of expert to addressing the community needs I'm sure we also feel you you may face the community difficulties. You have a small project six to three to six months It's difficult to get, you know, the data computing experts through the running the recruitment So adex how it currently has a larger pool and can easily to addressing this needs to offering the data can be expert for short term And also adex starts to um working with research astronomy communities To underpin you support your discovery ARC discovery project underneath of the data computer to underpin the data computing needs Last bit is we hoping adex to better support to have the industry engagement First one is to leverage the national National and international commercial provide cloud computing resources available for the addressing community needs Secondly, it's also commercialize the relevant astronomy technologies to the industry Um, this is adex team. I should say without them nothing is possible and I like to stop here and happy to take any questions Great, uh, thanks for that Robert um Now we don't have any questions in the um question box just yet So while we're waiting for that I will uh Just share some information about the next webinar in this series. Um So there will be a webinar on e-research skills and humanities arts and social sciences That will be happening on wednesday the 30th of october And registration so that will be available on the ardc website shortly I guess while people are typing the question Let me ask him leslie a warm-up questions. Surely lots of people ask leslie questions Really great talk leslie. So in order to achieve your Fair principle the i and r and I'm just asking what's the biggest bottleneck at this stage is people or because infrastructures or both well the biggest thing on the No, hang on one unmute it right. Okay. The biggest issue Is the ability to make the data machine actionable Which means you need the standards Now some parts of the sciences like sozmology are just so far ahead. It's not funny Other areas like geochemistry. It's nothing. It's just nothing there And then when you go into it trying to find the people who've got the skills who understand vocabularies who understand Um, what a machine actionable one means, you know, like you're kind of spilling mistakes in it just even though it's most basic things um and then The reusability is also a challenge because a lot of people particularly when you're in what we call the long term communities Um, they're what I call the usb drive factor that they can fit a career's data on a usb drive Therefore, that's how they transfer it And then they explain to the person as they give it over It's the ability to actually put it in somewhere That's compatible with what everybody else is doing Um, it's really proving challenging and so like just again for example with geochemistry What I did was I started working with the international union of pure and applied chemistry Telling them to get the periodic table machine readable because that took a headache off getting the scientists to do it um, but I think we've actually Got human readable part of fear and a lot of our science is the machine actionable And that's the part that people can't get their heads around and if they're in a domain where there is nothing It's very hard to find the people They're willing to put the time and effort in it to make it work Is that the answer you wanted or Thank you. That's really great. And I share your pains for us astronomy, particularly with radio data, you know generate Ska is a precursor 32 gig per second We are also quite stressed on this one Yeah, and I sort of done a few studies on Normally if they're a big Data community they have actually got their act together because I have to store it in a repository and you know There's a few things that make big data be reasonably conformant except for when it's super big Whereas when you have communities that have the most valuable data That they can store on their laptop, you know, you're pretty sunk I think again the interesting one who's done that properly is crystallography And so when they went to digital publishing in the 1990s They took it the whole way and they said oh, it's not just your paper that it has to be digital your data also has to comply with this standard And so again, that's why I think the htu project was interesting because that was a professional Society that brought this in it wasn't government regulations or NSF or something like that So it came from within the community to do something But as I said getting people to actually do it is very hard because I don't see the reward in it And again, there's also just a bit of chat is like the e-research Sorry e-science project in the uk They had trouble once that um, you know h-factor when you know the judging how good a scientist is And that they're publishing the high impact journals Okay, so that caused people to split to either computer science or to the domain science Because those journals had higher impact factors than the ones in the middle Yeah So it's going to take a while to get this to I mean a community is either there now Or they're going to have to get there and for some it's going to be a very long process Hmm Thanks for that. We have a comment Who says that even after the data is in good shape and ready to be used The The education and training can be a missing part That can help change the paradigm current research style Yeah, I'd agree without I guess as I was coming at it from the perspective of If you want to train people to do something to use something you got to have somebody develop it Right now people are recognizing that's a bit of a hole Yep, certainly Okay, now we have no further questions So I'd like to thank you Leslie and Robert for your time. I'd like to point out that Robert is He came in in his own time. Thank you very much for that one Enjoy the rest of your leaf And we look forward to seeing you at a future ARDC webinar Thank you Thanks


Dear participants, welcome to the course on supply chain digitization. It is jointly being taught by Professor Priyanka Burma, Professor Sushmita Narayana and Professor Devapratha Das from IM Mumbai. So, in this lecture, we will focus on module 3 that is analytics in supply chain management module. So, as we were discussing in the previous lecture that how do you do clustering. So, in this specific lecture, we will focus on K-means clustering technique. We will also learn how this technique is developed, what are the background mechanism of this technique and how can we apply to the particular case. So, as we were observing that if we increase the number of clusters. So, let us say I will have only one cluster. Then all the customers, all the 811 customers will be served by one particular DC. Let us say it is located over here. If we make two clusters, then all the orange customers will be served by this DC. All the blue customers will be served by this DC. If we make three clusters, all the orange customers will be served by this DC. All the green customers will be served by this particular DC and all the blue customers will be served by this particular DC. If we make four clusters, then all orange customers will be served by this DC. All green customers will be served by this DC. All blue customers will be served by this DC. All red customers will be served by this DC. So, as you see if we keep on increasing the number of clusters, then what will happen? The customer responsiveness will be very high because if I compare this versus this, one cluster versus four clusters. In this case, all 811 are being served by only one DC. So, therefore, it will take time to serve the customers. I have to build up huge inventory so that all the customers could be served. First of all, so my inventory holding cost also will go up and my time also will be more because customers are located across the region and it has to be served from one distribution center. Whereas, if you see here, I have four clusters. That means, the 811 customers are being segmented into four regions. So, region 1, that is the orange region, there is a DC. DC 1, DC 2, DC 3, so DC 4. So, instead of one DC, I have four DCs. So, I will have four distribution centers and each customer will be served from the respective distribution centers and since only few customers are being served from the DC, responsiveness also will be high. That is the positive thing, but on the negative side cost will also go up. So, then how do I decide? How many clusters are optimum? So, that is the first decision. Once I decide these many clusters are optimum, then where should I locate my distribution center and so on. So, all of this should be answered using K-means clustering technique. If we summarize, if you keep on increasing the number of DCs, then definitely the customers will be served quickly, but the cost of opening and operating these DCs will go up. So, how do you decide? How many DCs should you have and where to locate those and which DC will be serving to which customers? We can definitely use K-means clustering technique as we have discussed in that was end of the last lecture. So, how can we use this technique to complete this process in a systematic way? So, before we explain how can we do this, we should know what is K-means clustering. In the last class, we gave you some ideas, but now technically we will explain what is the K-means clustering algorithm? How do we build it step by step? So, these are the steps. So, total 5 steps we have summarized over here. The step one is randomly select K-initial centroid. So, if I have 811 customers, I have 811 customers and these are their locations. Suppose, I decide that I want to build K equal to 3. Suppose, I decide that I want 3 distribution centers to be built. So, if I decide to build 3 distribution centers, I need to find out the location of these 3 distribution centers. So, final aim is I need to get the location of 3 distribution centers. Once I get the location of these 3 distribution centers, then I need to map which customers will be mapped to which distribution centers. So, the first step, let us assume K equal to 3. I need to randomly select initial centroid. So, let us say I select these 3 points as centroid. You could take any points as centroid, any random 3 points as centroid since K equal to 3. But for the explanation purpose, I am taking this point as centroid 1. This is mu 1, eta 1. That is centroid 1. I am taking mu 2, eta 2 as centroid 2. I am taking mu 3, eta 3 as centroid 3. So, this is random. You can take any 3 points, but I am taking these 3 points as initial centroid. That means, initial DC. So, now, these are my initial prospective distribution centers. Then once we process, once we complete the clustering process, this location might be changed here and there, but we will get the final location of this DC. But to start this, we need to select initial centroid. So, these are my centroid. This is centroid 1. This is centroid 2. This is centroid 3. Now, once we get the centroid, I need to group the data points into clusters based on the distances to the centroid. So, what I have to do? I have to find out distance from each of these points to each of these distribution centers. So, let us say this is my point A. So, from point A, I need to find out the distance to centroid 1. This is my centroid 1. This is my centroid 2. This is my centroid 3. Similarly, let us say I have another point B. So, from B also, I need to find out the distance to centroid 1, distance to centroid 2, distance to centroid 3. Let us have another point C. This is my point C. So, from here also, sorry, from here also, so from here also, I need to find out distance to centroid 1. I need to find out distance to centroid 2. I need to find out distance to centroid 3. So, from each of these 811 data points, I need to find out distance to centroid 1, distance to centroid 2, distance to centroid 3. So, I will have 3 distance for each of these 811 points. Whatever distance is minimum, I will allocate that point to that centroid. So, let us say in this case, if you see A is, A seems to be close to centroid 1, then I will allocate. I will find distance A to centroid 1, A to centroid 2, A to centroid 3. So, out of these 3, out of these 3, A to centroid 1 seems to be less. So, therefore, A will be allocated to centroid 1. So, let us say this B. So, B to centroid 3, B to centroid 2, B to centroid 1 is not visually so clear, whether B is close to centroid 1 or centroid 3, but let us assume B is close to centroid 3. So, B will be allocated to cluster number 3. Similarly, C will be allocated to cluster number 2. So, for each point, I need to find out the distance to these 3 centroid and whatever distance is minimum, that centroid will be allocated to that customers. So, how do you find out the distance? So, there is a technique called Euclidean distance. So, this is the formula for finding Euclidean distance. So, mu k comma eta k are my centroid. So, in our case, I have 3 centroid mu 1 comma eta 1, I have mu 2 comma eta 2 and I have mu 3 comma eta 3. So, let us say the points are measured x i comma y i for all i equal to 1, 2 dot dot dot 811. So, I need to find out distance from all of this point x 1, y 1, x 2, y 2, x 3, y 3 dot dot dot x 811 comma y 811. So, from all of this point, I need to find out the distance to the centroid. So, I will first find out distance, let us see if I take x 1, y 1. So, let us say this point is x 1 comma y 1, suppose this point is x 1 comma y 1. So, how do I find out the distance? x 1 minus mu 1 square plus y 1 minus eta 1 square and the square root. That is the distance from x 1, y 1 to mu 1 eta 1, that is centroid 1 to centroid 1. Similarly, what is the distance to centroid 2? x 1 minus mu 2 square plus y 1 minus eta 2 square that is to centroid 2, I have to take the square root. What is distance to centroid 3? x 1 minus mu 3 square plus y 1 minus eta 3 square root that is to centroid 3. So, using this technique for each 811 customers, I need to find out distance to centroid 1, distance to centroid 2, distance to centroid 3. So, for each point, I will have 3 distance, and the minimum distance, whatever is the minimum. So, let us say for x 1, y 1 minimum is 2 centroid 1. So, I will allocate x 1, y 1 to centroid 1. So, that is how this allocation happens, that is how this grouping happens. So, now after doing this distance calculation, we have found out that out of this 811 customers, these orange customers are close to centroid 1, these green customers are close to centroid 2, these blue customers are close to centroid 3. So, now this allocation is done, this mapping is done based on this Euclidean distance. So, once we create three clusters, so this is my cluster 1, this is my cluster 2, this is my cluster 3. Now, this is done based on the distance. Now, once we create this cluster I need to find out the centroid, that is next step is compute new centroid for each cluster using only the data points within that cluster. So, now I have orange data points, I need to find out which one is that centroid, is the centroid same as mu 1 eta 1 or the centroid has changed. So, now after finding out that these are my customers, these are my locations which are attached to cluster 1, I need to find out the centroid. So, how do you find out the centroid? So, this is the formula, suppose you have n number of observation in this cluster 1, what are these points? Let us say x 1 comma y 1, x 2 comma y 1, y 2 dot x n comma y n, suppose in the orange region I have n observation. So, how do you find out the centroid? Centroid is x 1 plus x 2 plus dot x n by n, y 1 plus y 2 plus dot dot y n by n. So, the x axis of the centroid is the average values of all x i's, y axis of the centroid is the average values of all y i. So, based on that I get a new centroid, this is my new centroid, this is my new centroid. So, this new centroid may be same to mu 1 eta 1 or may not be same, same way I can find out the centroid. Centroid of cluster 2, that is centroid of green clusters. So, I will have let us say a p number of observations over here. So, how will you have, I will have data x 1, y 1, x 2, y 2 dot x p, y p. So, I will find out the centroid, how do I find out centroid x 1 plus x 2 plus dot x p by p comma y 1 plus y 2 dot dot y p by p. So, in this case I will have p observations and these are my data points, I can use this formula to find out the centroid. Similarly, for blue region let us say I might have q number of observation. So, I will find out the centroid using the same formula, the centroid, new centroid is here. So, this centroid may be same as mu 3 u 3 or may not be same. So, now once we complete this step 3, I will get 3 new centroid. The new centroid is here for cluster 1, new centroid of cluster 2 is here, new centroid of cluster 3 is here. Now, this up to this step is done. So, what we have to do in next, next we have to find out distance from all 811 points, from all 811 points to this 3 centroid. I will find out distance from this to this, distance from this to this, distance from this to this, distance from this to this. I will also find out distance from this to this centroid, distance from this to this centroid, this to this new centroid. So, for all 811 customers again I will find out the distance. And based on the minimum distance to the centroid, I will reassign all data points to clusters and update the clusters. So, right now this seems to be the clusters, but once I find out the distance, the clusters may be different. Now, you need to keep on repeating step 3 and step 4 until the centroids are stabilized. That means, these points are not changing, that the centroids are not moving. So, all these three centroids are at the same location, that is one. And no data points are moving from one cluster to another cluster. That means, if orange is in this cluster 1, it will remain in cluster 1. If green is in cluster 2, it will remain in cluster 2. If blue is in cluster 3, it will remain in cluster 3. It will not change its cluster. It will not move from one cluster to another cluster. If this happens, then I will stop the process. So, these are my 5 steps. After repeating all of this step again and again and again, until and unless these centroids are stabilized and no data points are moving from one cluster to another cluster, I will achieve the final set of clusters, final set of data points which belong to various clusters. These are the 5 steps of clustering. Now, as you see, if we increase the number of cluster, cluster 1 to cluster 2, cluster 3, cluster 4, we can see that few customers are in one group. So, that means customer responsiveness will be better. But at the same time, the cost of opening the DC and operating the DCs will go up. So, how do we decide what is the optimum value of k? So, how do I decide this? Is it 2? Is it 3? Is it 4? Is it 5? Is it 6? How many clusters are optimum? So, that responsiveness is also maintained. At the same time, cost is also minimized. So, for that, there is a systematic technique as a part of k-means clustering algorithm. So, to understand that, we need to understand within cluster sum of square error. So, let us say I have only one cluster and my centroid is mu. So, I have x 1, I have x 2, I have x n, let us say. So, x 1 minus mu, x 2 minus mu, x n minus mu. So, these are my deviation from the centroid. So, that is what we have written, x minus mu, these are my deviation. Now, I will take square of that, that is square deviation and then I will sum it up. So, for each point, I will find out the deviation to the centroid from this point to this point, x minus mu and then take the square of that deviation and sum it up. So, that is called within cluster sum of square error. Now, if I have two clusters, then I will have mu 1 and mu 2, let us say, two centroid. So, all this orange color data points. So, let us say this is my x 1 1, x 1 2 dot dot dot x 1 p. So, I need to find out this deviation x 1 1 minus mu 1, x 1 2 minus mu 1, x 1 p minus mu 1 and so take their square. So, that is for one cluster. So, same thing I have to do for second cluster also. So, let us say the points are x 2 1, x 2 2, x 2 3 dot dot dot x 2 q. I will find out the deviation from each of this point to the centroid 2 and then take their square and sum it up. So, if we do this, then what is your expectation? So, the within cluster sum of square for one cluster versus within cluster sum of square for two cluster. What will happen? What is your case? So, obviously, if I increase number of cluster within cluster deviation will be less. See, if I have all points in one cluster, then within cluster deviation is large. If I increase number of cluster within cluster deviation is less. If I further increase it, it is further lesser. So, within cluster sum of square error that is within cluster deviation will keep on reducing. Now, if you instead of 4, if I have 5 cluster, 6 cluster, 7 cluster, keep on increasing the number of cluster within cluster deviation will be reducing. And finally, how many clusters can I have? Can you guess? It will be 811 customer, 811 customer, because each point could itself be a cluster, then I will not have any deviation within the cluster. So, I can have this value, I can have this value 0. I can have this value as 0 also, if I have 811 customers. So, I can have extreme large sum of square, but only 1 DC. On the other hand, I will have sum of square 0, but I will have 811 DC. So, each customer point is 1 DC. So, obvious of course, that is not an optimal solution. So, this data can be represented in a diagram. So, in x axis, I have number of clusters. Cluster could be 1, 2, 3 dot that. So, on I have plotted up to 9, but it can go till 811 observations. 811, the value will be 0. So, in y axis we have sum of square error, this value, this within cluster sum of square error is written. Now, if you see here, if I have only 1 cluster, the sum of square error is very high, 70. If I increase to 2, sum of square error reduces significantly from 72 around 32. If I increase from 2 to 3, then again it reduces to 35, 36 to around 20, 3 to 4, it further reduces from here to here. Now, 4 to 5, the reduction is happening, but not that much, 5 to 6 very minimum, 6 to 7 minimum, very minimum and so on. So, the major reduction is happening from 1 to 2, major reduction in sum of square error, then 2 to 3, 1 to 2, 2 to 3, 3 to 4 also some good amount of reduction is happening, 4 to 5 is also reduction happening, but not that great, 5 to 6 reduction is very small. So, now if you observe, the initial increase in number of cluster will reduce sum of square error significantly, but at some point, it could be either 5, it could be either 4, the marginal at some point, the marginal gain will drop giving an angle similar to an elbow. So, if you look into the elbow, this is where the elbow breaks. So, it seems the elbow breaks at 4 or at 5. So, you can take any of this data points. So, I can have the elbow. So, as per my observation, it is breaking at 4, but sometimes you could go up to 5 also depending upon the money you have at hand, depending upon the capacity you have to open the DC, but it seems that elbow is breaking at 0.4. So, 4 number of DC up to 4 number of DC, up to 4 number of DC, I can have significant reduction in sum of square error. So, the number of clusters indicated at this angle can be chosen to be the most appropriate number of cluster. So, the k value could be 4. So, that is what it could happen. So, from if I have only one cluster 1, 2, 2 significant reduction in sum of square error. That means, my responsiveness will increase significantly if I have 1 DC versus 2 DC. If I have 2 DC versus 3 DC, my sum of square error is from 2 to 3 sum of square error is reducing significantly again. So, that means, within clusters, deviation is reduced. That means, my responsiveness will increase significantly again. 3 to 4, reduction is not that significant, but it is significant. So, if I have 4 number of clusters, then within cluster total sum of square error has further reduced. So, that means, I will be able to serve my customers further quickly, my responsiveness will increase and so on. So, after that the reduction like 4 to 5, the reduction in sum of square error is not that great. Since it is not that great, my responsiveness will increase. If I increase my clusters from 4 to 5, responsiveness will definitely increase, but that gain, the marginal gain will not be as much. So, therefore, you have to take a call. So, do you have 4 number of DC or 5? If I increase from 4 to 5, definitely my responsiveness will increase little bit, but then having one more DC will increase your cost of operation will increase your fixed cost, variable cost significantly. So, we have to do the trade off and find out whether 4 DC is good enough or 5 DC. So, as per LO diagram, we are seeing that 4 DC is optimum, but we could go up to 5 DC also depending upon the amount of budget you have. If you have more budget, you can open 5 DC, then your responsiveness will increase little bit compared to 4 DC. Service level will increase little bit, but your cost also will go up. So, we have to do the trade off. Now, if I want to find out exactly the optimum number of DC, then we need to take these inputs. So, this cluster output will serve as my input, because this is telling me my prospective location of DC's. So, this cluster output will serve as an input to the optimization model. So, then I can run an optimization model with 4 DC as well as with 5 DC, then bring in the concept of capacity constraint demand constraint, the cost of transportation, cost of hiring vehicle, all of these and develop an optimization model and find out where should I have my distribution centers, whose distribution centers will be serving to which customers, how do I route my vehicle, so that my total cost is minimized. But these outputs will serve as input to the optimization model, if you further go ahead and try to find out whether 4 DC is optimum or 5 DC. So, with that we will stop here now. In the next class, we will see the coding and we will see how these outputs can be derived. So, thank you so much. Look forward to see you in the next class. Thank you.