Good afternoon everyone. This is Melissa with the stockswush.com and welcome. Welcome to a preview for a free lecture that I'm doing this coming Monday. It's going to be a great lecture in February 3rd. It is sponsored by me, the stockswush LLC. My name is Melissa Armo and it's going to be done by me and another presenter. It's called Two Traders Share Market Secrets for Success. Very exciting. So welcome. Welcome to the stockswush. If you'd like more information, feel free to go to my website, www.thes stockswush.com. And if you'd like more information on upcoming classes, email me at melissa at the stockswush.com. You can go to Twitter, Facebook, YouTube, LinkedIn, Pinterest, or Skype and like me in any one of those places there. So the date for the free lecture is February 3rd. It's a Monday. Time is 4.30 Eastern time. All you have to do is go to this link right here. Just click on it and register. You do have to register ahead of time. Registration is required to enter the free lecture. And if you'd like more information about it, feel free to email me at melissa at the stockswush.com. So you're invited. It's going to be exciting. You're invited to this exciting event. Come meet and ask questions to successful traders with a combined over 20 years experience. Melissa, which is me, I'm one of them, and Lee are two completely different types of traders who both trade the market daily. So Lee is going to be talking to you. She's another totally different type of trader than me. We both have similar styles, but we use different mediums. I am an equities trader and Lee is an options trader. So I own the stockswush LLC and I've been trading equities for over five years. I started at the end of 2008 and Lee Jones, she's the owner of pittrades.com. She's an options trader and she's been trading, gosh, she's got a lot of years on me for experience. She's been trading for over 15 years. And lo and behold, here we are, we're doing a presentation together. Lee reached out to me because she was interested in what I was doing in my gap analysis with how I'm picking directional bias. And options is a different medium to trade the market. Equities is how I trade, I'm trading this trade on stocks, Lee is trading the options. So we're both going to talk about this and how you can combine the information to really do something great. So have you ever wondered how successful traders make money in the market? Maybe you have, maybe you haven't, but this is something to think about. Would you like to know the secret behind their success if you would come? Because Lee and I are going to talk about this Monday afternoon. Do you want to trade the market but have limited funds, meaning you don't have a million dollars, you don't have $100,000, you want to trade but you don't know where to start next. And you're wondering not only that if you have enough. Do you want to trade but don't know where to start? Well, we can point you down the right road. And how do you correctly pick directional bias to take a trade? And this is so, so, so important. And this is really going to be the crux of what we're going to talk about on Monday. And is it possible to make a living as a professional trader working from home? We're going to discuss this as well because Lee and I are doing it. Lee and I are doing it. You know, it's one of these very, very, very exciting things where you you meet someone in a completely different part of the country and a completely different part of the world, who's doing something different but similar and is successful and it's great. And not only that, she's a woman and so am I. So the answer is yes, yes, yes, yes. It is possible to make a living as a professional trader, equities or options is possible to do it and to do it from your home, which is a really nice place to work. So both of us are going to share some of our secrets in this live event. You don't want to miss it. Come to this lecture to give yourself an edge and a leg up in trading the market. How can you get from where you are now? Okay, wherever you are right now to where you want to be financially, you have to get from here to there. Okay, because if you're not where you want to be, you have to get a plan of action to get there. Use the market as a medium it was meant to be. Learn that one strategy can be played in different ways and produce outstanding results, taking combined information and talents from two traders to make it work. And two trades meaning you can do the equities, you can do the options, you can you can do it all. I mean, that's what's so great about this. That's what's so fantastic. You could do two trades. And the same thing, one an equity trade and one an option trade and make money from both of them. It's just really, really terrific. So this is what we're going to talk about. Trading is easy once you learn what to do, learn from the professionals who are doing it day after day. Who said trading is a man's world? Come and listen to how these two female traders can help you make money in the market, which of course is me and Lee. So how do you know? Like, how do you get the right directional bias? I mean, it's like one of these things where you're probably thinking is a stock going up, is a stock going down, is the market going to rally, is the market going to drop? What do I do? How do I know? And you really it's very important to know this. So ask yourself, do you know how to pinpoint directional bias? Because you got to know, if you're going to trade in the wrong direction, you're not going to make money. It's important. Okay, it's like exclamation point in red and black and bold all over the place. It is very important to know how to pinpoint and correctly read directional bias. I teach a system which pinpoints are directional bias. It's called the golden gap. It is a 26 point professional bearish gap rating system. So the idea of the system is to point you in the right direction to know if something is going to work in the correct direction. The purpose of the system is to help you evaluate which gap to trade each morning using a checklist and that checklist tells you the directional bias. That checklist actually tells you is this a good short? And you can flip it alongside and say is this a good long? For example, Apple is a good short. Netflix right now is a good long. We're going to talk about these on Monday. The 26 point checklist, it tells you what to look for in the stock in the chart to know what to do. If you can take an equity trade or an option trade and in what direction because you've got to get it in the right direction. It is so imperative to get in these trades in the right direction. So let's look at the spy here. Now the spy, this is this was a fall off last week. And then this was Monday. This was a tough read on Monday. And I really just nailed it at the market was going to fall through and come in here and Monday to the bearish side. So let's look at the play. Now here is the think out the market set up. This is a five minute chart, but the play was in the one. But to see how the market open and rally rally went over the high of the day, came in faith like it was going to go higher than set up and dropped. So how did you know how did you know me? How would you have known? You know, how did I know that this was going to drop in here because I understand how to read directional bias. And this is important because you want to get paid in this movie. This was a nice move to get paid to the downside. Entry time for the train was early, early in the morning. Okay, but sometimes let's go back and look at it. Sometimes you want to be aggressive. Okay, by aggressive I mean immediately. But this kind of configuration when it relies over the high, you got to wait a little bit. You might wait a little bit and might not take the trade right away as immediately. But you still want to see it set up fast. You still want to see it set up quickly. You still want to get the confirmation early. Okay, price was 179.34 stock was ever 179.55. This is an advanced risk for an equities trader, a day trader. Do you risk $525 exit was down in here and actually broke 179.25. But that was the one of the targets. Never got to the whole number 177. I think the low was 177.13 ish. Tell the profit on this trade though, beautiful move. I mean, beautiful, beautiful, beautiful move more than $2 was $5,225. So you risk $525 and make this it's almost a 10 hour trade. It turns $525 into $5,225. This is a good solid trade. And how would you be able to take advantage of something like this? This isn't easy to see here. This isn't easy to see here. This is where I'm seeing it though. Okay, in the daily chart. And this is what I teach people how to do to redirection the bias because I'm seeing on the daily. I'm taking the entries on the smaller timeframes, but I'm seeing it on the daily. That's what's great about my system and the checklist itself. Okay, so now let's just pretend you don't want to risk $525.  You're just barely getting going. You're getting your feet wet. You're excited about the market. You want to start out. You've limited funds. You don't want to risk this much money. You just want to get going here slowly. Take it easy. Take your time. You can do the exact same trade. You're just going to take less size. There's nothing wrong with that. Instead of taking $2,500, you take $250 shares. You could have risked $52.50. It's still made over $500. That's pretty hung-good.  Okay? $500 is $500. So you only risked $52.50 to make it. Why? Because it was a 10-hour trade with a great entry and a great exit. And how do you see all of this from the daily? And really it was kind of one of these things where once it's got going and broke, I mean it was underway and you could even let it rally back and lower the stop and even take it more. I mean, there was, this isn't even without any ads. And this isn't even without any ads. This is just taking the initial risk and trade and getting out. And you could have lowered the stop and protected yourself. So you don't have to take huge size to make good money. Again, it doesn't matter how much size you take. The risk reward is the same whether you take small size or big size. You're just making more money if you take more risk. How can you do that once you know what to do? But you can do as a beginner and you can do it if you don't have a million dollars. You can still do it and take advantage of trading life because you're playing the direction. You're playing the volatility. You're learning what to do by reading the chart and getting the directional bias right and you're taking your risk, the risk that you can assume and doing it. Now, what could you have done with an options trading the spy? What could you have done? What could you have done? I mean you could have done this actually even before this and had gotten a bigger move before Monday. If you would have seen this and been able to spot it and read the gaps and read the setups to take the options in it. Really, really, really important to be able to read directional bias. You do the equities trade, you do the options trade. What could you have done? And these are the things we're going to talk about on Monday. It's really how to make money. It's really all about how to make money. How to make money in the market, getting direction correct, getting direction right and then you can do two types of trades. Equity trades, day trading, option trades, day trading. You know, it's all about making money. You've got to learn how to read directional bias correctly. That's where the crux of it is. So that you can profit from being in the move in the right direction whether it's long or short. Right now it's earnings season. It's underway. It's full swing from now until the next pretty much six, seven, eight weeks of constant, constant, constant volatility and momentum in the market. A lot of players, a lot of people, a lot of movement. The FOMC minutes announcement is today at two o'clock. The market's going to move on that. We'll see what it does. This is a great great time of the year to trade. This is the season. This is the season in the winter of the season of this year, 2014, to make money. This is the time of the year to do it. The class I teach is called the Golden Gap Course and it's a complete system that teaches you how to trade. It teaches you how to find the gap, to pick the gap, the rate to gap, the find the directional bias and then how to play it as a day trade. The class is called the Golden Gap Course and it is a full two-day course on how to strategically find, pick and play stocks that are professional bearish gaps. Retakes are free. The class is online and the class is February 8th and 9th from 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. Easter time. If you're interested email me at Melissa at thestopswush.com. The cost is $24.99 U.S. dollars and it is a system that teaches you how to trade and it's a great system. There's a special offer that we're running. This is just a special offer for this month next week where you can do the Golden Gap Course with the Stockswush LLC, which I teach, the two-day class, February 8th and 9th and then you can do a piggyback options class with pit trades that Lee's going to teach. You can do all of that for one price of $29.99. This is a great deal. I mean, this is an amazing unbelievable deal right here. This is just, you know, this is a special offer right now here for February if you want to do it. And it's a great time of the year and you can learn how to do the equity trades and the options and you can do both. I mean, it's fantastic. So if you'd like more information on this special and want to sign up and register for the classes ahead of time, email me at Melissa at thestopswush.com. Remember, your path to success is a Golden Gap Course because it teaches you that directional bias. You can use that for the day trades, for equities and for options for everything that you want to do to get the direction right in a stock or a trade or the market or the ETFs. Make this year, 2014. Gosh, it's almost February. Can you believe it? Just seemed like yesterday was New Years. Make this year your best trading year yet. And if you didn't have a good training your last year, ask yourself why. You can make this year your best trading year yet. Last year actually was my best year yet and this year is going to even be even better. It's time to get going with things. And it's still winter. It's freezing cold here in New York. I mean, it is brutal, brutal to walk in the streets right now. It's very cold. But it's a good time of the year to be inside and trade and study and get good and learn and take classes and do all the stuff you want to do so that come summertime, you're making money, you're having a great time, you're training the morning, you're rolling in it, you're going out in the afternoon, you're doing fun stuff at the park, laying out, playing tennis, playing golf. Now is the time to do the work to take the classes to learn the information so that by the time summer runs around, you have time, you have time to go on vacations and you have money to do stuff. So I will see you at the free lecture. It's Monday, February 3rd, the day after the Super Bowl. Don't forget everybody. Gosh, and the Super Bowl is in New York. It's it's already starting to get jammed here in the city. Literally, it's jammed here in the city right now. It's Wednesday. It is jammed here. People are coming to the city getting ready already for the Super Bowl. So it's the day after the Super Bowl, February 3rd. Time is 4.30 p.m. Eastern time. Go to this location right here. Registration is required. Contact me for more information at Melissa at thestockswish.com for the classes and the free lecture. I will see everyone there. It's going to be really exciting to hear me talk and lean talk about our experiences. It's going to be a great experience and a great lecture. And so come. Email me at Melissa at thestockswish.com if you'd like more information. Thank you everybody. Have a great day.


I'm a senior scientist now at the International Livestock Research Institute based in Nairobi. I work in livestock genetics and breeding, basically using the science of genetics and your knowledge as a geneticist to try and help improve the productivity of livestock. I was born the third born girl in a family of five children, but at that time girls were not important in communities. So initially of course my in-laws rejected my mother because I was the third girl in the row. So as a result of it, but my father always told me that no matter what you are always going to be important and it doesn't matter that he has all girls.  So for me it wasn't a big issue because dad always used to say girls are very important. But you see now growing up I loved animals. I always loved animals. We grew up on a farm. I had my day of going to graze, I can only look after them. But he used to bring in these exotic animals, he used to love the black and white.  They wouldn't live long and every time he would bring in others. So you know I told him dad when I grow up I will find out why these animals are dying. And that's what I'm doing up to now, you know finding out what is actually killing them, what in the environment affects them negatively. But the other thing I got to realize was the professions around livestock were very much dependent on the gender and whether you benefited or not from your livestock really depended on whether you're a man or a woman. And like for the smaller stock chicken, goats, sheep, women were allowed in communities as we work with them, the women are allowed to use them, they're allowed to get resources of them. But the minute you move to a cow, then there's a big gender gap. And yet all the labor, all the hard work around that cow is actually done by the woman. And so this is where when you realize actually in terms of livelihoods, in terms of livestock and livelihoods, the size of stock is very, very gender dependent, right. And when you are actually trying to help improve people's lives, you're really looking at which type of livestock they're keeping and which one they have actually control over. Like there's a project we are working on in Nyandu in the climate smart villages. Now that was a very interesting project for me to work on, particularly because it's a community that was negatively affected by HIV and AIDS. So you had a lot of the men had died in the society, but there were women, older women left, but the main asset they had are sheep and goats. Now some of them might have cattle, but do you know what, they can't make a decision on their cow. Just because they are women in that society, women cannot influence what happens to their cow.  So these are some of the things that you begin to see really, really gender is a big issue when it comes to ownership, use, and even the ability to benefit from the sort of livestock resource that they have, but you know what can we do and what can science do is science the right answer. And if we keep on pushing that the women have to have the control over it, are we helping? Many times we are not, but many times we are. And how are we helping? Because once they start getting more of the product, then the women will benefit from the returns from that particular asset. So it's like if they have more milk from the cattle, then the women will be able to earn from it. But if the milk is little, then whatever income that is obtained from it, of course, benefits mainly the man in the society. And as much as I'm dealing with the women and trying to make a difference in their lives, I also have to take care of the men who are actually the owners or the authority within their homes, according to the society that you're going in.


This video is going to be an introduction to systems to determine what a system is and so a system is two equations with two unknowns We've done one unknown before in equations, but we've never done two unknowns with two equations And when we do those we will have an ordered pair as a solution So we need both an x and a y and that ordered pair that we find has to satisfy both equations So that's what we want to do in these two problems It says determine if the ordered pair is a solution to the system So we just plug and chug into each equation to see if it satisfies both or not If we take the first one we have x which is negative 5 Plus 6 times our y which is negative 1 and that's supposed to be equal to negative 11 Well, this would be negative 5 and then 6 times a negative 1 would be minus 6 Equal to negative 11 and we can see that that's true If we put it into the second equation, we have 2 times our x which is negative 5 Minus our y which is negative 1 and that's supposed to be equal to 4 Well 2 times negative 5 is negative 10 Negative times a negative 1 is going to give us plus 1 and that is not equal to 4 So we have negative 5 negative 1 is not a solution to the system if we take a look at our second example Again, we're going to plug and chug so we plug in x is 5 plus y which is 15 And that's supposed to be equal to 20 and we can readily see that it is equal to 20 So we try the second equation 3 times 5 Which is our x minus the 15 which is our y and we're supposed to equal 0 Well 3 times 5 is 15 and we're going to subtract from that 15 and we definitely get a 0 for an answer So 5 15 is a solution to this second system Well graphing is one of the ways that we can solve systems And so we're going to look at some graphs and see if we can find the solution Now this first red line here that is x plus y equal 5 and the blue line is the 5x minus 3 y equal 1 Well every point on this red line is going to satisfy x plus y equal 5 I could pick any point on that red line and plug it in like 0 5 0 for x plus 5 or y is equal to 5 and we know 0 plus 5 is 5 Every point on this line is going to satisfy that that top equation and everyone on the blue line is going to satisfy the second equation But we want to know what satisfies both equations and that would be right here at our intersection Okay, so this point right here is 2 in the x and 3 in the y So 2 3 and let's just double check 2 plus 3 is equal to 5 and that satisfies the top equation and 5 times 2 Minus 3 times 3, which is the y is equal to 1 10 Minus 9 is equal to 1 so we know that it satisfied both equations. Let's look at this example x plus y is equal to negative 10 is Going to be the red line and y is equal to 2x minus 1 is the blue line Again, everything on the red line is going to satisfy x plus y equal negative 10 Everything on the blue line is going to be y equal 2x minus 1. Well, again, we have a system here We want to know where they share the same answer and the same ordered pair and That will be at our intersection and if we look at this intersection if we go up it looks like x is negative 3 And our y if we go across we see that's negative 7 So now negative 3 negative 7 will be our solution plugging it into the top one negative 3 plus negative 7 is negative 10 and negative 7 is Equal to 2 times that negative 3 Minus 1 negative 7 is going to be equal to negative 6 minus 1 so it is true as well


College Humor is laying off people big time the sketchy comedy giant College Humor just celebrated its 20th year online and According to tweets from the longtime executive Sam rick Reich the site is now fighting for its life College Humor's parent company IAC which is also owns match group is bailing on the business Leaving it with a few as five employees Bloomberg reports according to Reich a hundred plus brilliant people have lost their job Now the reason why I want to do this video has nothing to do with College Humor What it has to do with with business models and so this is a great case study, and this is affecting Everybody online. This isn't just College Humor. This is going to be affecting everybody Because for the most part, there's a lot of people when it comes to College Humor, they're gonna be blaming other people So one of the cases we'll call it humor is Facebook and they've been found out they were giving out fake data fake numbers saying hey look how much traffic our videos are getting Originally how College Humor had everything set up was they had it natively they own their own racetrack, right? So they drove traffic to their website. They own the data They own the customers they own the views and they can sell native advertising on College Humor.com however Facebook I guess convinced everybody forget your own property come over to Facebook then College Humor started going over to Facebook next thing You know if Facebook algorithms change same thing.  I know Gabe put this up. Yeah, here we go. That's September College Humor. Look at this Right, so that's the big core update. Everyone got affected by this. Look at that boom Right, so they got hit and so YouTube algorithm changes Google algorithm changes Facebook algorithm changes at the end of day You don't own your racetrack now. What's going on over here? This is a great business case study for everybody to look at.  I mean my ad blockers here, but I just wanted to show you I usually use Brave or Opera, but there's a million ads I had to close. That's our business model. They sell native advertising They do ad networks and all these other types of advertising options for advertisers Now the problem is this is a dwindling business. The whole idea is clickbait Let's get as many eyeballs as possible Pitch this to our advertisers are gonna pay as big bucks so we can put their brand message in front of the users Man if you're not in the in the advertising industry a lot of this is dirty a lot of it It's click-baked horrible traffic fake traffic like I can tell you stories of Chinese bots ripping up websites saying it's authentic traffic and really by Google standard is Authentic meaning they're not bots per se. They're actually really humans.   I just made a thing on Twitter. I'll show you right now Honestly if I was college humor, I would make them into a brand e-commerce brand See I'm in the belief system of Gary Vee, right? It's your media company first distribution then the back-end business model j. Abraham talks about this right Most people focus on front-end business models, which is advertising. That's a front-end business model He's like click bait headlines click click click eyeballs email list.  I know Canada's going to be rolling it as well And so if I was college humor what I would do I would do a back-end business model I would they have a great brand they can save it. I'm telling you they can save college humor They have great brand great history.  I'm pretty sure they can slowly bounce back off of their their google sco stuff It's going to take a long time.  You don't have to worry about clickbait. You don't have to worry about pleasing your advertisers You're not working for the advertisers. You're working for yourself. So I want to quickly make this video to show you my like This isn't just for college humor, man. They're gonna bounce back. I think I think that would a brand like that And with the history that they have I think just Rethinking their business models. They will bounce back like look at this.  They're everywhere, man. This model is gonna disappear So I just want to quickly make this video for you. Hope you find value in this And the moral of the story is rethinking business models Just rethink that before you start any business or if you're in a business today Really identify are you building back end business models as opposed to what most people focus on is front end business models Like always if you have a question leave a comment below this video Hit the like button subscribe and I'll talk to you guys soon. Peace


And in business, the Chartered Institute of Saxation of Nigeria, CITN, says it will continue to support the government in its advisory role to ensure a better tax administration and effective system in the country. President of CITN Samuel Agbe-Luy said this during the institute's fellowship conferment and annual dinner awards. Details in this report. President of the CITN, ably represented by the Deputy Vice President Simon Kato, appreciates new fellows. He adjoins them to show professionalism and leave to expected standards wherever his services are required. As tax professionals, as you are aware, the institute takes this ritual seriously and only confers its highest class of membership to devote to deserving and qualified members. As the events ring and members are fetished through a time of whining and dining, issues of taxation and government fiscal policies also hold sway. The guest speaker, Executive Chairman of the Federal Capital Territory Inland Revenue Service, Haruna Abdullahi, gives an analogy between residents getting their PVCs and having their tax clearance certificates. Government is also charged on trust and effect of tax payments. I was trying to make a point regarding why it is very important for people to file their tax returns and have a tax clearance certificate. Because it's important I compared it to having PVCs.  And CRTN has been contributing not just today, the entire finance arts that have come up in the past administration, we've always been part of it and that is what we are out for, supporting to ensure that it's a better tax administration and an effective tax system in the country and we won't give up. But there must be trust in governance. People are willing to pay but when we pay, what does government do with the money? We must see the effect of our payment of the taxes complying then apart from that they should make it easy. They should not allow the tax administration to give way to things like corruption or under the capital activities. At the end of the day, awards are presented to various district societies, the media and individuals are proving themselves worthy. Hello, hope you enjoyed the news. Please do subscribe to our YouTube channel and don't forget to hit the notification button so you get notified about fresh news updates.


What's up y'all? It's Adonis. So I did a video last week about the PAs that own their own practices and how that is a thing and if your PA wants to own your practice you can do that and there was naturally lots of comments pro and against this idea of PAs being independent enough to own their own practice. So if you haven't seen that video go check that out. I will link it right here for you and then you can you know leave me a comment on what you think about that. But from those comments I saw things about like PAs should not be inexistent or PAs provide inferior care because they only go to two years of PAs school three sometimes versus the four years of med school and then residency however long you may go through your residency. Okay so because of that I wanted to kind of like talk about that that narrative and give my own little opinion on it and then we can have a discussion about it in the comment section. Okay so let's get into that video right now.  It's Adonis. Welcome back to my channel. Okay so like I said I heard all of these very different narratives about like the what PAs are and what they can do. They're a lack of knowledge. The fact that they're bad providers and they provide inferior care and blah blah blah. Okay and you know I'm very much a PA advocate. I am pro PA because I chose this profession and I love it and I love what I do and I love the fact that I'm able to see patients and I am you know to be honest I do have a sense of autonomy and there are things that I'm able to do on my own and there are things that I need to rely on my attending for and that's okay and I'm fine with that. And so with that being said like this whole narrative about inferior care is like completely yes. Okay there are tons tons of patients that will absolutely disagree with that narrative that PAs provide inferior care and then there are tons of patients that would say the opposite that that narrative is true but guess what it all depends on the provider that you get and with all of these statements and comments and things that are being made a lot of it is provider specific. I hate the fact that we keep making these broad statements about PAs or the PA profession or MDs and the physician of profession and it's like how are you taking this one experience or these couple solitary experiences that you may have had and then bring it across the board it just doesn't make any sense. You can't do that in life with like simple things so why do it with a particular profession it makes zero sense. So I first wanted to get into the fact like after I did that right first wanted to get into the fact of what a PA is right so if you don't know what a PA is a PA is a provider but essentially I feel like the best way that I've kind of thought of how we are trained and how we are utilized in hospitals and in outpatient settings is that we are an extension of our attending's medical decision making. Now what I mean by that is we as APPs PAs and NPs advanced practice providers we are extensions of our attending so we've like learned with them you know we've kind of come up with them in terms of we've been working with them for a little while so we know okay my attending kind of likes this or when he sees this or she sees that she really likes to use this particular antibiotic versus you may have worked with another attending who loves a different antibiotic and so you kind of are a chameleon you kind of change with whatever setting that you're in that's why we are trained as generalists because we can go over like throughout all different specialties but at the same time when we're spending years in a particular specialty we learn what the the nonzebras are right what the the common things being common so common things being common you know somebody has a small bowel obstruction I'm going to make them NPO and I'm going to put an NG tube in them so that hey you know they don't aspirate and die and those are like just kind of right off the cuff things that you learn being in a particular specialty so we are trained as extenders now I've heard the statement that PAs or APPs equal are the same as residents or we're like lifelong residents meaning that the residents come in and they are learning under the tutelage of an attending they're not making their own decisions per se but they are learning they're running things by they're attending and that is essentially what the PA is doing now I can see why that argument is being made and I can see why people say that and I can see why some may disillusion to that but let me like educate you like by no means are we the same as a resident physician no we're not okay we are PAs if we wanted to be resident physicians we would have gone to med school and we would have gone through residency to become a physician a resident physician and eventually an attending and then you know like just practicing autonomously on our own and doing that as an MD but that's not what we wanted okay and vice versa if physicians wanted to be PAs then they would have gone to PA school because I've heard the argument that okay well every you know med student that doesn't match then should be able to just be like mid levels or APPs in that they're they get a license and they're able to practice in the same scope okay and so all right cool whatever that's an argument for another day but if they wanted to be APPs they would have gone to school to be APPs all right it just is what it is it's not like our profession is not like a fallback okay this is not a fallback profession it's standalone on its own like don't don't do that don't demean like what we went to school to to learn and to be just to be like a fallback kind of decision okay that being said again you know when it comes to residents they are trained by their attendings to make to learn how to make their own decisions because they're going to be doing that in the future so we're learning like how to do a particular procedure while they're learning you know okay well this is the approach that we're taking and this is why I took this approach the the reasoning behind a particular approach and then they can determine on their own in their future when their woman's making the decisions why i'm going to choose one approach over another while we're learning the basics of the particular procedure okay so that's that's how it is it's different our training is different our knowledge base is different and that's okay there is a space for all of us okay so this whole like us fighting or this like you know p.a. shouldn't be in existence or app shouldn't be in existence thing like it's just so ridiculous like i get why some people are salt to you okay you're seeing somebody just go to school for two years and they're making very good money while you're in residency not making as good money but at the same time you're going to be making good money like two three times what they're making in the future so why why are you so salty like stand alone in your space and in your area and where you're you're working and what you're working towards um and they'll do the same i think all of these decisions or these the different feelings around you know what p.a. should and shouldn't be able to do or the cure that they give is all based on the provider so ultimately what i really want to leave you guys with is the statement that quality of care is not based on the career but it's based on the provider there are going to be p.a.s that make mistakes and physicians that make mistakes it is what it is we're human okay that is just the kind of the way of life we are going to make mistakes we're not perfect but with that being said it's what you do with those mistakes are you going to learn from them or are you going to like brush it off and be like you know what i'm still really good at what i do because that the that point where you decide what you're going to move on to from this mistake that is what makes a good provider one who actually wants to get better and treat their patients better and make sure that their patients get the best care okay so ultimately that is what it is this whole argument on like independence and or you know should they should they not like why do you care so much if you're if the patients are happy with the care that they're getting if the knowledge base of the primary care and urgent care independent p.a.s is up to par and everybody's happy in that like why are you upset about that like just just let it be the patients are still getting good care because their providers are good okay so i just like that is ultimately my thing i don't want us to sit up here and just be like okay just because you're a p.a. you're going to give in for your care because that is not true okay so that's my statement but um you know whatever that's my opinion this is my channel and you came to my channel and you got my opinion but if you have an opinion of your own go ahead and leave them in the comment section below and let's have a discussion about it thank you guys so much for watching if you haven't already done so like this video follow me on instagram at and on the p.a. and on instagram at get that's the university don't forget to subscribe thank you guys again i will talk to you guys next time


I welcome you all to this SAB Virtual Computational Biology Seminar Series. Today we have the pleasure to host Carlo Sandres Peña-Reyes, who is full professor in computer engineering at the University of Applied Science, Western Switzerland, School of Engineering and Business, Vaux, Informatics and Communication Technologies Department. His research team named Computational Intelligence for Computational Biology is also affiliated to the SAB, the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, since 2016. So Carlo studied computer science, electronic engineering, and biology in Colombia and in Switzerland. And in 2002 he completed his PhD on co-evolutionary fuzzy modeling at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology here in Lausanne. And then from 2002 to 2004, he was lecturer at the Computer Science Institute of the University of Lausanne and postdoctoral fellow at EPFL in the Logic Systems Laboratory. And from 2004 to 2007, Carlo worked as a research investigator and scientific technical leader at Novartis in Basel in the Computational Systems Biology Department. Before moving back to academia and becoming full professor at the University of Applied Science of Western Switzerland. The research conducted by Carlo's lab at the School of Engineering and Business focuses on the development of computational intelligence methodology, mainly derived from machine learning and artificial intelligence, and on their application to the real world problems, such as the one encounter in life sciences and biomedical engineering and involving data analysis and predictive modeling. So today Carlo will present some of the computational issues found in biomarkers and diagnostic signature discovery. And looking forward to your talk, I want to thank you again for accepting my invitation. And the floor is yours. Thanks to you. Thanks to everyone for coming, physically or virtually. Well, I was just thinking now that I put the title Computational Issues, which is quite large. And perhaps it should be better to say some computational issues, or to be more precise, perhaps, two computational issues. And one of them is taking more of the time of the presentation. So finally, the quantification of that issues is changing with time. Well, I was thinking on presenting my group rapidly, but I already presented some quite well what we do. So yes, what we do is computational intelligence, which is related with nature-inspired computational methods, and applied to complex real-world problems. And in particular, to computational biology that give the name to my group, Computational Intelligence for Computational Biology. And from our point of view is the general study of biological systems of biology. But by means of data analysis methods, mathematical modeling, computational simulation, that's the computational part. From that point of view, you will see that we are mixing, we are combining all these methods from both worlds in several projects. And a good way to understand what we do is perhaps to have a rapid look on some of our current projects going from fossil logic for market discovery with a company, or developing a test for monitoring viral diseases in fishes, also with the two companies, one from Poland and one from France, or a project where we are trying to predict phase-vacterial interactions based on their genomes, trying to fight against antibiotic resistance, or exploring some way of developing new methods in computational intelligence, like a rule extraction from these networks, these neural networks. We are going to start a project investigating the health of vineyard soils, so as to be sure, assess how the pollutants' different sources could affect that, this kind of soil. And we are expecting as many people here in Switzerland and also from Rich for a project where we intend to work on decision support in intensive care units. So that gives you an idea of the broad span of our projects, but at the same time, I'm not going to speak about any of these, perhaps a little bit about one of them. I decided I prefer to present something that is more related with the projects that are already finished or one of the projects for which it is still running, and is related with biomarker and diagnostic signature discovery. In our context, we are interested in extracting useful features for helping to make some good diagnostic decisions. Because of that, you will see that there are companies developing diagnostic tests, which are partnered with us, or even a hospital, which is also interested in developing that kind of... So from this point of view, the vision we have about that is, let's say we are in a blood-based test. That could be another kind of test. And we are interested, or the people developing or asking for the solution are interested in quantifying some biomarkers, using them with some kind of analysis to make a diagnostic decision. In two of our projects, the goal were more close to biology. I mean, the goal was mainly to understand something, to understand, to identify entities or mechanisms that could be responsible for a given phenomenon, why this kind of cancer is developed in that way, or which are the genes which are more affected than in which way, because of the presence of absence of a kind of cancer. But in another, in most of the projects, the goal was more diagnostic. The goal was not to select exactly the biomarkers related with the actual phenomenon, but some kind of biomarkers that could be good enough to predict the presence or absence of a given condition, and trying to put all that in a test. And we have other constraints like cost, mainly cost and well-predictive performance, all of that. So with this point of view, what we developed in all these projects is an approach where from the data we have at the beginning, or I didn't touch in too many, OK, that's OK, the idea is to have some kind of process where we select genes or genes in this case, whatever kind of biomarker, and then produce a decision. And in that path, we are going to eliminate some of the biomarkers that we don't really need. I'm going to use two examples of our projects, all through the presentation. Then one of the projects was related to understanding the role of smoking and lung cancer, not contesting it, but understanding it. And the more specific question was detecting non-trivial gene interactions associated with lung cancer. That was more or less their question, the biologist. We are not biologists, but we work with the teams of biologists, so we try to give them tools to find answers. And in this case, the University Hospital of Geneva was interested in having a new test for classifying different subtypes of leukemia. And well, for that, we use a data set which is already well-known in this context. And it was a complex multi-classification problem, and we were intended to have really highly sensitive results. With these two projects, I'm going to accompany my presentation so as to exemplify how to use that. OK, if I summarize somehow the process, we have data, and nowadays we have a lot of data. We have a stage of a biomarker selection selecting some of these data that data could be predictive enough to allow us to produce a diagnostic signature. If you are interested only on the biomarker selection part and not on the exact diagnostic signature, we are speaking only about this block. But if you are interested in the full pipeline, then you need also to deal with that. OK, the original data is usually a lot of variables. It's more and more common to have different kind of data involved in the decision. The two examples I'm presenting here are based on single kind of data. That's another problem. The biomarker selection, the idea is to find a very informative subset of the data that allows us to explain or to make decisions. And the diagnostic signature is a model, computational model or mathematical model which captures the relationship between the selected biomarkers and the phenomenon of interest, the emissives or the presence or some condition. If I speak all that computationally, we have two problems, feature selection and predictive modeling. And then I'm going to address feature selection first and at the end, one aspect of the predictive modeling part. So first part, feature selection. For this feature selection, there are three important questions which are the first we have to make before. It's going to start in, OK, no problem. It's not a good order that I've reviewed. One is if we are going to search for biomarkers for features in general, where and how to start the search. One approach is to forward the forward search. You don't have any biomarker. You find one. Then you have, you find the second and third and you start to add biomarkers. Up to the moment, you are no longer improving. That's very simple to say, but it's not as easy to do or at least to obtain always good results. But that's the other way would be, OK, I have all the variables. In principle, I'm able to do a very good work with them and I start to eliminate features that are not informative enough. Perhaps I am going to increase at a given moment the predictive power and then at a given moment I'm going to reduce that power and so I can stop my feature selection. Or I like a lot the combinatorial search where you try different combinations with some kind of strategy, but you have, you try the different kinds of combinations and then you select the one or the subset that is the best for you. So another aspect is how to organize that search. Once you decide to have some kind of search, how to organize that? Excessive search would be the ideal but evidently the number of combinations of possible biomarkers is enormous. So you could use some of the search algorithms that are already known for doing, having good behavior or performance. But these algorithms might range from simple research to advanced machine learning algorithms and there is a lot of algorithms in. But another question that is very important is how do you evaluate these subsets? Because you are looking for subsets. You are not looking for or not yet looking for the prediction. You are looking for the subset. So you have to evaluate the subset and it's easy to mix both goals and you will need the queen metrics to determine how relevant are these features or these combinational features. At this moment, I could say, okay, there are these methods for feature selection. But these methods, again, a quantification problem is there is a lot. There is a lot of these algorithms, these methods. So the first thing would be to understand a little bit how these methods work instead of knowing a list of 10 or the 10 most used or whatever. And I would like to present here the work of one of my PhD students. In the frame of her thesis, she started doing a review of methods. And there is also several reviews already there. So at the end, we decided to do a meta review or at least to review the reviews and try to extract sign of knowledge and what we produced was a taxonomy of feature selection methods. So I'm not going to pass all that in detail, but there are some access which are common to almost all the methods, some possible decisions that you have to make like selection management, how do you deal with election, what type of evaluation you do, not what kind of metrics you use, but how do you organize or use these metrics to do the evaluation? There is a how do you use your data, supervise and unsupervised, the dimensionality of the class, is the model linear or not, and there is some kind of prior knowledge or not. And well, there are some classes here I'm going to present a little bit later. And when you have to evaluate the method for feature selection, it will be interesting to always know how this method deal with each one of these access. If I start with that one which is perhaps the most accepted classification, we will see that most of the feature selection methods are either filters or wrappers. A filter selects features based on intrinsic properties of the data. I mean you have the data and you have a search algorithm that are using this data, this is proposing a subset and based on the information content that kind of metrics use, it's able to select some of the features. You see that there is the important thing is that you are not using a specific classifier. Perhaps you are using class information but you are not saying I'm using decision-free or probability metrics or whatever kind of classifier that I'm using here is intrinsic properties of the data. And that's what we call filters in general. Some are very simple filters, some are very complex filters but most of them are filters. And wrappers, a wrapper, the idea is that they use a specific classifier as a black box. I decide to use a super vector machine and then my wrapper is going to propose a feature subset and look at how good this feature subset is able to produce or to be used by the classifier and with that you can obtain accuracy is the most common, but you can use also other measurements or their metrics. And then at the end, in this loop, you will obtain selected features. You see this out to the same. In both cases, it's normal that this iterative process but it's not always an iterative process. In this case, it's very clear that it's an iterative process and both of them are used. And there are some others which are called embedded which are close to wrappers. And more recently, there is a kind of hybrid where you are mixing filters of wrappers or several types of wrappers or different approaches to mix this. So up to now it's only a taxonomy and this is a small short summary of what you can find when you look for feature selection methods. But there is a big issue there. It's my big issue today is the selection bias. As I mentioned, there is a lot of feature selection methods. There are hundreds of methods already existing and the number is increasing. Among these methods, there are some which are oriented towards whatever kind of feature selection program you have and others that say, okay, for this kind of data, I have this kind of feature selection method which is very well-adapted and is developed for that kind of data for that specific problem. So all of them exist also. But there is a problem is that each method will absolutely have a bias. Why? Because every method are going to make a decision. Have to decide which features to keep or which features to eliminate. So for that decision, you need a criteria, a criterion or a rule. And this criteria are applied and if your criteria are not good, so your selection is not good and you rely on the goodness of this criteria. That inevitably introduces a bias. There is also another bias which is induced by the metrics that we use and the best way to explain that is that's to say that is just to notice that if you use two methods, different methods that use the same metrics, they tend to have more or less the same list of subsets, the list of biomarkers. So, you should support that with more theoretical analysis of that, but speaking in practical terms, both your method and your metrics introduce some kind of bias. If we look at the classification I already presented, there are some of the access that led to different kind of methods. For example, you can have filters or mainly filters that re-variate and multivariate and depending on that, you will have a different kind of bias because the univariate rely mainly on the intrinsic features of the intrinsic properties of the features one by one. By the multivariate, try to capture relevant interactions and these interactions are the most important part and even features that could seem not very interesting from that point of view could be interesting from the relationship in the interaction point of view. The same for the training approach is clear that if you have an unsupervised approach where you don't use the knowledge of the class of the output of your process, it is clear that you are not going to capture the same kind of properties of the variable of the features, but unsupervised could also be seen as something that it's oriented towards the intrinsic properties of the process independent of what you have as labels. Perhaps it could be less sensitive to the labeling of the annotation part. Unsupervised taking that into account and that can produce a different list of... And the search strategy also, that is different that roughly we can speak about too deterministic, you have a method, you have a data set and then you have a list of biomarkers and that's always the same because the method is deterministic, that's very good, you run that once, that's okay. But there are also a lot of methods that are, we call that randomized but in general either non-deterministic and the subsets could be very different or hopefully not very different but could be different for from different from run to run. Then you need to run several times to be sure that there are no accidents in your selection. So with all of that, with all of this diversity, how to deal with a little bit with that? The first thing we did was not the first but one of the things we are trying to do is to compare different methods and in the Master Thesis by Gary Marigliano, we proposed him to explore the difference between some of the methods. Evidently there is a lot of methods and well for this work, five, one, two, three, four, five filters were selected and one, two, three methods are some kind of wrappers or embedded methods for doing ranking or feature selection. Notice that some of them are non-deterministic and for that in that case, we perform an average ranking because as they are non-deterministic you have to run them several times. Okay, if you look at that, this is a matrix of intersections of the lists. We asked each method to produce a list of 1,000 genes from 54K, it's the best option or not that you can discuss about but that was how it was done, 1,000 and then we have the intersection here. Evidently each method with itself, the intersection is on 1,000 and the results in our opinion, these are surprisingly low. I mean having two methods where you have only 53 out of 1,000 genes which are the same when you perform that, that's relatively low, that's in general low. Evidently there are some of them which are high. Well, two of the methods use the same metrics and perhaps the way it is used is very similar because they are exactly the same for all the tests we did. So, functionally it's the same algorithm. We tested, he tried that in two data sets with different numbers and every time it was the same results. Curiously enough, we have twice SVM, once SVM as an embedded method and once SVM with a wrapper and they are not really highly similar as you can see here. This method is supposed to be the same but the way it is applied is very different. This minimum, I don't remember exactly but I have my help here. Minimum redundancy maximum relevance filter seems to be an outlier. It is not similar to any of the methods it's producing completely different lists. And that gives you an idea of the diversity of the methods. So, how to deal with this selection bias? I propose here two possibilities. One is the most common, it's conceiving novel and or better methods but I call that yet another feature selection method. But that's the idea. There is a lot of people developing that. Perhaps a novel selection criteria and strategies that are oriented that are reducing the bias or using multiple criteria for the feature selection instead of one metrics, try to combine two or three or five or whatever or have wrapper methods which are robust. Based on many or in long or both runs. Then you do a lot of computational work, a lot of search. Nowadays it's quite easy to do that. You have a lot of resources and based on that you will have robust statistics that will allow you to better classify or better assess the quality of some of the biomarkers. We can also imagine to have a metrics to quantify the bias based for example on the several runs of the methods. This is one of the facts or the ideas that is exploring Zara in her thesis. And what we are going to present is to use several methods at the same time with the idea to uncover or even better to compensate some of these bias. And the simplest way is to combine like list of features. Give every method each method is providing a list of features and then you have to combine them. In the master thesis of Gary we explored some strategies to mix this list, the union of intersections. You have two lists, you have an intersection, you have I don't know, 20 or 100. And you do all the possible combinations and then you combine them with a union of intersections and a union of all these. And for example, here are two examples, they do two data sets. In one case out of 54,000 we obtain 672. Another possibility is the union of all features of all the lists. You put all the lists together and some of them given that are repeat you obtain for example around 5000. You see here it's already a good selection or that's quite of a simplistic approach. Out of all that you take the top 100 for example features and the way you compute this top is based on counting. Or well here is all the features or you, and that's another possibility, I'm not going to explain it today, but it's something that we would like to explore a little bit more is to use weighted lists. If you have the principle is simple, if you have two lists which are very similar, you should use both of them but each with a smaller weight than if they were alone. Let's imagine you have these two methods which are identical. If you have twice the same list, you are going to give to them half the weight to another which is completely different. And then you have to measure this similarity of the list and then find a weight for that. I say that we want to explore that a little bit more because the first implementation it was not really satisfactory. But that's what a master thesis is really made to time so we have to explore a little bit more. This is the F1 score, it's a performance measure and you see that in general, all the methods obtained, well, in that case that one is not as good but in general you obtain the same. So the different methods are allowing you to keep more or less more or less the same performance that you already obtained. All features are like that you have 93 here and you are improving as compared with that. So you can say that this method is able to find this relatively small number of like that here with a similar performance. In general, this one is, that means that I'm going too long. So I want to present two cases by two cases and we are going to use the first one given that these are as good as another one but it's mainly because it was the first we had in mind when we work on those projects. In this project, we used three, five, seven different methods and we performed this approach of union of intersections and with this method we were able to go down from 16,000 to 1,000 genes which were then used for producing the model, final model and then that the feature selection. In the other problem, which is a little bit more complex because we have 18 classes instead of only one. We do the same method but only with four because it was taking several days on servers for each one because of the number of classes, the number of tests that were necessary and we were using Galgo which is a wrapper, very robust wrapper but very heavy also computationally asking for one tier of of RAM to run so it was quite heavy but we did the same and using this method we were able to obtain lists of 500, 300, 137 and that's two examples of what we did. All these methods have been already ready and some of them are already implemented in error and Galgo is no longer maintained unfortunately and most of them are easily available on the different languages, air, Python, whatever and for the master thesis we have a number of scripts that we plan to make render available in some time. The other part and I'm going to go a little bit faster is with predictive modeling and the issue identified was model selection. When you do feature selection you usually run many modeling instances with different feature sets and a lot of other and usually you are obliged to do cross-validation to assess generalization robustness and then you run also many modeling instances with different training sets. For each one of these you obtain a model what we call a model is an instance of a predictor. You have a lot of predictors. So how do you decide which one of them you are going to use as your final predictive model or instance? So one thing we have been developing in the different projects is what we call a model selection workflow and once you have a lot of models a lot of classifiers or predictors again. Then we apply a series of filters or model selection steps one based only on simple thresholds of performance one based on the frequency of the variables inside one based on the dominance with respect to several criteria and then each time we try to reduce the number of models so as to have at the end one or a number of selected systems that could be ideally done automatically but most often done manually by the expert and my example with the lung cancer with a fearsome kind of criteria coming from the biologist involved in the project and at the end some filtering based only on the frequency we obtained 320 and 10 genes that were kept and even with some other criterion of frequency we were able to come to 20. Just to comment that biologists decided to stay with it 110 pool instead of that one because it was much richer and they were more interested in the mechanism and all that and not in the actual test so they were not going towards the smallest number then that was the final set and for the leukemia subtyping we applied that kind of pipeline and at a given moment what we used was a threshold that allowed us to have the smallest number of genes and models while keeping the minimum performance required here you see that if you want a better performance you are keeping very few genes, very few models and that was not good enough for the performance so and for this project we were not able to produce a single classifier because in these examples given that we have 18 classes let's say all of these are predictions of a classifier some classifiers were well in this class but at the same time were producing false positives in other classes so the idea was to use multiple models let's say 20, here is more than 50 and then say that from this 50 if you have more than 20 proposing a class you are taking that class and that way you are able to project a lot of false positives as you can see the model selection involves also how to combine them and I'm not speaking here about several strategies we also developed for mixing different classifiers in a very positive manner but that's one of the projects as we are in a university of applied sciences some of our projects are protected by IP and all kinds of agreements so some of the results which are very interesting we are not able to communicate with them okay so I'm not too late but I cover two major aspects feature selection and model selection and as I mentioned one of them was taking most of the time the feature selection but there are also other issues that were not discussed today so for example dealing with the collinearity and correlation but it's not as simple as just having correlation matrices and dealing with causality because causality is present and in a data set where you are measuring a lot of things you are not using that information and perhaps you are not selecting the good features because of that okay as I mentioned that's a team job that was my team last year we haven't done a new picture there are one, two, three people who are no longer with us but there are two other who arrived later dynamic team and I also have to thank all my partners in the projects with the academic partners and industry and you have some questions


I use silver Reactions idiots, I'm Corbin. I'm Rick and you can follow us on Instagram We're some patreon polish. Yes, we're reacting to a trait. Good. I like trailers. It is a Punjabi movie sweet Yes, I know some of you think we're ignoring you. We don't ignore anybody We really don't it just takes a while to get to stuff takes time once again. We don't care where a film is from in India At all we that is actually true Like we said many times before that is a completely new concept to us that films are from different regions here in America It's just oh, this is a cool film It's it's really only two things is that a major motion picture from a studio or as an independent film on it And honestly, you don't really care and we don't even care about them either. It's just like okay We're at this come from yeah If it looks good, we like it right and obviously we know because it's like different states different languages Exactly passionate. Oh, yeah stuff, but we haven't done. I think we've done one Punjabi and we've obviously done a couple of songs because obviously the Is he's Punjabi One of my favorite moments on the channel was that watching that music video for the first time one of the Happiest moments of my life. Oh that music video. It's yeah, it's just in terms of 90s videos. It's either that or Chai Chai, I think for the best in terms of in terms of good song. I don't know But anyway, it's called a punjab 1984. Okay. Here we go Ashley Holmstor has some of the talk You see It's a good way to end it, I like that. And so that is that actor from Urupontu? Was it Urupontu? Yes. It was? Yeah, okay. That's where we first introduced him. The police officer, right? Yeah. So it looks like obviously a story of a... Who is Punjabi, correct? Yes, clearly. He is a Punjabi actor. Yeah. And somewhat, because I think we've asked about him again if he ever acts without, it's called a turban right on his head, but certain people said like he actually struggles sometimes with it because like he's talked about, he's like, his family would be like really upset if he ever took it off, but I think he has before. I could be totally wrong about that, but I think because people have talked about him with us when we talk about it. And I don't know this story, obviously, like a lot of the historical things that we find out about, whether it's ancient history or current history is a lot of stories from Indian history we just don't know about. And it looks also like a story from the mother's perspective as well, when soldiers go away, which is always heartbreaking. Well, and clearly there's something that happened to young men being taken away and something happened to them in this region. Is this a strictly Punjabi story? I imagine, right? Imagining it is. Yeah. That's something happened in 1984 with young men and the mothers didn't know what happened to the young men. It reminds me of what's happened with Boko Haram in Africa and the kids, the girls being taken and everybody wondering what have you done with our girls.  For some reason it reminds me of that. And the music for the trailer was just freaking epic. So the synopsis is during a time of political turmoil, a mother goes on a journey in search of her missing son, who has been misjudged and labeled a terrorist. And I'm guessing this guy plays the son. Oh, he does have his turban off here. He does. He sure does. Interesting. Which is saying something right there, isn't it? For the poster? Yeah. Yeah, that's pretty powerful. The poster is him. I'll try to put it as the title card, maybe we're on the screen here. But it's Punjab, 1984, but then it's just him with blood on his face and his hair is down. No sign of his turban anywhere. That's a powerful poster. I think we know this guy, right? Yeah. On your own sing? Kassari? Did he direct Kassari? Yes. Yeah. He's the director of... I knew we knew that name. Oh, then I'm even more interested because I thought he did a great job directing Kassari. And it's obviously the actor we're talking about. Diljit, I'm going to mispronounce his last name, probably. I may have mispronounced his first name, Diljit Dasanj. Dasanj. Obviously we know him from Udapunjab, but we've seen him in a few other things. This actress, say her name. Kiran Ker. She was in Devdas and Raghavasanti. Cool. I think she was the one of the mothers, right? I think she was Devdas' mom. Yeah. Yeah. Because I recognize her. I recognize her face. So that's where... That's... And... I'm sure that's a legendary actor. Yeah, I'm sure we've seen him in trailers. For sure. But yeah, it looked really interesting to me. Is it? Because from the score of it, it made it sound like it was an epic. Epic. I didn't see a lot of battle sequences, though. No.  Yeah. Which oftentimes scores are just composed for the trailers. But I'm definitely interested. Yeah. Especially since we've not seen a Punjabi film. We haven't seen a lot of originals. Yeah. Sorry. So we really do need to get on board with that. So please let us know where this falls in the echelon. If there's other Punjabi films that we should see before this one. Just let us know. We trust you guys, as always. Yeah. And I'd like to get into this actor more because I thought he was quite impressive. He was. In Devdas. He very good. Obviously Alia and Shed Kapoor. Yeah. Not Devdas. You had said he was good in Devnas. And you meant to say... Did I say Devdas? Mm-hmm. Udupunja. Thank you. I said Devdas? That's how you did it. Did I? Yeah. Oh. Because we always talk about that. No. Yeah. He was good in Udupunja. Obviously Shed Kapoor and Alia kind of stole the show and that. Right. And where they understand that. Yeah. But he did a really good job. I think he's like one of the biggest Punjabi actors out there. For sure. But just so crazy that there's like 15,000 industries in India that all produce films. I know. It's like if basically Texas was a... I know producer of films. The output of film in India when you combine all of the industries is insane. Roughly it's just under 2,000 films a year. And we put out like 800? Unbelievable. Oh yeah. And the box office is off the charts. It's the biggest industry in the world. Off the charts. Yeah. In comparison with... Yeah. Off the charts. Which is just crazy. But yeah. Please let us know how this film is and where it stacks. If there's other Punjabi films we should react to. Yeah. Their trailers or watch the films. Please let us know. Okay. And by the way guys.  They go to him. And the only place that you're ever going to get his attention is if you send it over to the OSR Twitter account. There's about 15,000 messages on Instagram. I will never be able to... Yeah. He won't look at it on Instagram. And if you're sending it to me. Even if you tell me just watch this yourself. I steer away from that. Because what if Corbin says we're reacting to it. I want it to be a fresh reaction. So just letting you know. Yeah. You can get it to me or there's a group on Twitter as well. Yeah. They're very easily accessible. And there's a whole group that I think votes on it that I'm not even a part of. And so there's a whole system in place. Yeah. That's not obviously how I get all our stuff. So know that. Just know. An avenue that helps me out. The decisions are all over there. But yeah. So please let us know about this film somewhere. Yep. I don't know where they would let us know. Up there? Maybe? Sure. Why not? Yeah. Let us know up there. Right up there. Right up there.


And I gotta say I'm absolutely blown away by how much I like the effects of this or miss. Hey, what's up guys is Josh here today. I want to do a little review on this Sphinx or miss that actually shows you the amount of trace minerals in each batch. This is the first or miss that has ever done that. So I really appreciate that. I love reviewing or miss. I take it all the time. It's one of my favorite supplements of all time. It's one of my most recommended supplements. I've been through about half of this stuff and I got to say I'm absolutely blown away by how much I like the effects of this or miss where I'm at personally with or miss. I love it. I've ordered it probably 30 times. It's something that I never really want to run out of the last kind of or miss that I tried was this or miss that came in capsules. It also had chillage it in there and lion's mane. So it's not my typical or miss. For me, I always prefer the really thick white liquid. That's what she said. Sometimes it's powdered. Sometimes it's really, really liquidy, almost like water. I don't really like that kind. I like this kind right here. So anyways, I was trying the pills with chillage it or miss and all the other stuff and it was pretty good. I enjoyed the effects. I've been trying a lot of other superfoods since then. I've been on the zealite. I've been taking tons of colostrum, tons of chamomile at night ash waganda. So I'm taking all this stuff and I kind of forgot about or miss forgot to order it. So it's been like maybe two to three weeks since I've tried it last, which almost never happens because no joke. Guys, I always buy or miss. I always make sure I have it. I love it. Always loved the effects. So I hadn't had or miss in a little while, decided to jump into regimens with this and man, I've just had some of the best times I've ever had on or miss. I just noticed that things flow a little bit better. It's easier for me to connect with people.   You know that you want to try to figure out what vibe they're on and kind of plug into that. And it's just so difficult at times. I don't know why. When I would take this, I could put myself into conversations really smoothly, make everyone feel good, almost be the most coherent out of everybody in the conversation. My outlook on life is better. I just have like a lighter, more healthy outlook on life. And also Ormus is kind of weird in the fact that it can make you not crave bad things or addictive things. It's kind of weird. Like if you're into nicotine vapes or you're into eating a lot of bad food or you're into looking at a lot of dirty sites online, it's not like you're going to take this and all that just disappears. But I just wasn't really interested in things that were bad or low quality or low vibration. I just really wasn't about it. I have zero cravings. It almost seems disgusting to go and do something that I would have normally done, you know, a week or two before easily without even thinking. So anyways, guys, I really, really, really like this Ormus. I probably will get my normal batch after. And so I'll see is this one extra special? Are they all pretty good? Is one better than the other? I'm very curious. I kind of, I guess, forgot how good Ormus was for some reason. Didn't order it for two or three weeks. Reordering this, I absolutely love it. And there's just so many good superfoods on this planet, guys. You know, if I had to pick one or two, it's so hard. Pretty much my top three supplements of all time are Colostrum, this and Zeolite. They're all good in different ways. Zeolite's the best cleaner out of all of them. It really balances the pH of your body. This just makes me feel like my brain's working better, my cues better, my mood is better. It's almost like I put these magic minerals in my body and I have just tons of energy and I feel great. And then you have Colostrum, which is great for everything. It's great for your brain, great for your skin, great for your stomach. It makes your muscles bigger in the gym. You have more endurance. It heals my skin unlike anything else. It actually feels like I'm putting healthy seeds in my skin to regrow versus other stuff is kind of like just scrubbing. It's not like I'm regrowing the skin. It's just like I'm scrubbing it and cleaning it. I love all three of these guys. It's so hard for me to pick, you know, only two. So right now my top three are those three. I'm actually blown away by this supplement. I think it comes from Australia. I'm not sure what website it's on. I'll make sure to find it and list it down below. I broke my little Ormus hiatus with this product and I absolutely love it.  I just love Ormus. I'm always going to take it. This one really blew me away, probably more than any in recent memory. Anyways, guys, let me know what you think of Ormus. Let me know what you think of this brand. What other supplements should I review on the road to 50,000 subscribers? And I couldn't do without any of your guys help. You guys are the best. Having a great day out here. Hopefully having a great day at home. See you all in the next video. Peace.


Good evening everybody out there. Thank you for tuning in to the webinar this evening. I'm Steve at Blackstar and tonight's webinar is really all about IDCore. It's our brand new range of amplifiers that have hit the market recently and what you're looking at are three models. They're all feature stereo speakers. So we have a stereo 10, IDCore stereo 10, IDCore stereo 20. You can see this one is the amplifier that I'm currently using and then we've got the 40 at the back here. Now they're all entry level price point but as with everything that we do here at Blackstar we try to innovate, we try to be different. These are a general guitar combo to look at with a hidden two speaker system inside and they're full range and they all feature super wide stereo. Now we've obviously got a couple of mics set up here on the 20 for you to get that experience so one thing I'd recommend is some headphones to watch this because you'll really get an essence of the super wide stereo but essentially what it gives you is if you're using things like reverb, modulations, delays especially, it will not sound like it's actually coming from the combo itself. It'll kind of sound about three foot either side and give you a real sense of a wide sand. I've heard people say when I've been travelling around visiting dealers in the UK that it makes them feel like they're playing in a stadium and obviously we want you guys out there and you girls to play more and to enhance the experience this is what IDCore is all about so it's not just a beginner's product.  I come from a long history of music retail myself and for the first time in a long time it's a product that I would actually be so excited to take one of my customers, one of my regular guys comes in, I'd take him straight up to this and say check this out, look at the price and have a listen. So let's run through some of the features. We've got a camera on top of the Core 20 just to show you what's going on so I'll run through everything that's happening on there. You can see we've got a few cables connected at the moment so the first things that you see on the left here you've got an emulated line out which doubles as your headphones socket. Now this can be used to go to an external source as well like a mixer or a digital audio workstation for recording anything like that so that's a very cool, a PA, things like that. We've got our MP3 input which currently is coming out of my headphone socket of the laptop. Obviously this is my guitar for the input, USB connectivity. Now this is really cool. Our ID range was the first product to really enhance this but ID core has been very successful in its connection with recording so you can actually connect this to any digital audio workstation and you can actually reamp through the compatible insider software thereafter but importantly the latency is very very slim so for recording with all the popular things like Cubase and Pro Tools and that kind of thing this is your digital audio interface so it's not just an amplifier which is great for the money that they're at. We've got six individual Blackstar voices and if you're familiar with the ID series it'll mirror that so there's two cleans, two crunches and two overdrives. The overdrives importantly both feature a built-in noise gate which is great for you high gain players out there but you can turn it off of course via the insider software if you don't need it. So yeah six voices. We've got a manual and a preset mode so you can actually store six of your favorite presets to each voice. When you connect to the insider software it gives you the capabilities of saving as many as you want which is cool and you can share and download and stuff but we'll come to that in a moment. On the actual controls of the amplifier we've got a gain stage, a volume stage and our EQ is our Blackstar's patented ISF infinite shape feature so it allows you to move your tone stack around. Somewhere in the middle there is about right for most guitars, humbucking guitars, single coil guitars, it will be roughly somewhere sounding sweet but you can shift that tone stack to be a more mid-scooped American style tighter sound right through towards a more open woodier British style tone and importantly the ethos of Blackstar is to find the sound in your head so you could find that this position here around about 10 o'clock would be your ideal EQ position which is very cool. Now just to put your minds at rest if you're thinking wow I'm not I'm gonna I'm gonna lose my bass middle and treble control when you connect to the insider software if we can just take a look at the screen there you'll notice there's a bass a middle and a treble EQ stage to adjust as well so that's important to let you guys know that so there is a full EQ on there. Coming to our super wide effects stereo section we've got four types of reverb so we've got room hall spring and plate we've got four types of delay so we've got a linear like a digital delay analog tape echo and multi tap all the tap tempo feature and an overall level and then we've got our modulations consisting of a phaser, a flanger, chorus and tremolo which you can get a slicer effect and also a rotary style effect in there as well so it's packed full of great tones great sounds all usable sounds that most guitarists will will need to produce a good tone so if we just go to manual mode at the moment on the front panel of the amp everything's pretty much flat at the top I've got no effects so what I'm gonna do is just simply show you how the amplifier sounds by itself and I'm sure you'll be pleasantly surprised to let you know what's happening with the guitar I'm gonna be switching from my humbuckers to a series and parallel switch here so I'll be able to get those single-core sounds as well but ultimately you the choice is yours we've got guitars you have but both single calls and humbuckers sound great but the first sound I'm gonna show you is a clean warm sound so I'll just play through some basic chords and go through each of the stages clean warm on to clean bright now nice and sparkly on to my bridge pickup on to crunch so you can see where we're going with this it's a really nice sweet just slightly overdriven now for the next one super crunch I'm gonna just push the gain a little bit and switch to the humbucker so it gets the point across a little more but I'll stay in single call and then I'll change just so you can hear it's not a massive amount of difference so super crunch a bit more gain let's turn the volume down a touch on to humbucker kind of cool so a nice super crunch there to play your rock stuff with rock and roll the only one you'll notice if I just let the guitar breathe a little bit nice and silent so for the guys that are really into that staccato style stop-start play riffage riffage you can basically get a really nice quiet tone when you're muted but you can turn that off remember by the software so you can probably tell that's more of a harsher harsher sound you know on to OD2 this is a slightly different voicing for an overdrive but again gated nice very versatile so six voices to choose from and that will suit most of you players out there now storing presets on here I've actually got six of my own but I will show you how to store if we take the amplifier out of manual mode we're now in preset mode so the LEDs off here let's just go to crunch for the moment I mean my my original preset on here is a semi-driven crunch tone with a little bit of tremolo just for a nice kind of indie vibe bit of reverb on there's a room reverb but let's take the modulation off so if I just press twice on there and that will take my mods off so now it's just a reverb tone so if I wanted to store that particular preset and I'm happy with it let's just adjust the EQ a little bit maybe more of a British vibe if I'm happy with that and I want to store it all I simply do is go to the manual switch if I hold it for around about five seconds you'll see it flash and then that's stored until further notice and that's how easy it is to store your own sounds on there if you're storing via the insider software it really opens up a whole new kind of way of storing you can name your patch you can give it a description a genre put yourself as the author and then you can share it and it's pretty cool to see other people downloading it and enjoying your sounds that you've created equally you can download other people's as well now what's very cool and surprised me when I first tried the ID core out is that I created some sands on ID series that I really liked and you folks out there have been downloading them under my name black star product trainer which is very cool thank you and you can actually download those as well to the amp so it's not just core sounds you can download other people's ID versions of their tones as well which is pretty cool by the end of this evening I've created my six presets that I'm going to launch on the insider website or software should I say so if you have a login to the online community just search under black star product trainer and all the patches I'm going to upload the six will have a brief description and also you'll know their mind because at the end of the name will be IDC for ID core so that way I can tell if I'm choosing to upload them to a core I know which ones are I prefer on the core and if you like so let me show you some of those presets obviously the crunch we've just stored but we'll come back to that in a moment clean warm I've actually called this one if you look at the the laptop screen I've called it wide dance delay IDC and I have a lick that I wrote for my band that kind of suited it quite well but at the same time I've tried other little licks with it and it seems to work for a few things so see what you think so this is a wide dance delay nice and ambient onto clean bright and one thing that I really love about this amp is if I just bring the the actual gain level down bright clean is really based on like a boutique clean so it's got an earlier breakup one thing I really love about this product is you can really drive that gain stage on the cleans as well so it's kind of like you've got a an old old-school clean amp cranks which really breaking up and pushing the those pre amp valves really hard so kind of single coil sound it sounds really cool for that snappy indie sound or that Stevie Ray Vaughan kind of vibe so see what you think when I crank that gain up just really loads of feel I mean that's just the second voice thing it's great that's one of my favorite voices on that onto crunch this is the one we just heard so we've stored it bit of a room reverb kind of nice onto super crunch for this one I've pretty much gone for a classic lead high gain sound but with a really spacious delay so I'll stop and start with some lead stuff so you can hear that super wide through through your cans or through your decent PC monitors so onto OD1 just to give me some some ambience to the tone but definitely OD2 a lot of chorus there for that nice kind of Zach Wilde Ozzy Osbourne no more tears so there you go pretty cool the Insider software is free to download for PC or Mac we've just done a brand new update as well this evening so make sure that you get yours updated if you use Insider the first two things that you see on screen we have an extension of the amplifier for deeper editing so not only can you adjust things on here so for example if I just move my gain control you should hopefully see it moving on screen with me but also you can take your mouse and you can adjust things like your EQ and to let you know you've actually adjusted it internally the white markers on the dials will turn red and you can get really close to the pedals you can change them a fraction at a time like any guitar player would like to if they had the physical pedals in front of them just to get that perfect tone for the for the song if you like so that's the first two things that you see we then have an audio section which I'm going to come to last but essentially it's a phrase trainer and you can import any mp3 music any digital files from your computer and it will play back and you can slow it down in real-time pitch you can select an A and a B point to loop as well so if you're trying to nail that licky that that really tricky solo or that riff you can just concentrate on that segment and you can see I've got quite a lot of tracks on there to choose from and that's what you need to do just click it and it appears in the retro looking cassette tape deck there's also a metronome here as well so you can hear that's just a standard kind of click you can adjust the sound of the click the BPM all the things that you would expect a metronome to let you change and then we're on to our library the library is a place where you can store all of your presets you can see there's only six in the amplifier that's available to store so you can see my wide dance delay there my SRV clean sting and so on and I'm going to upload all these this evening if you've if you've liked what you've heard so far but you can see all of the ones I've created here schools out that's a Tommy Henrickson artist patch from the online community which is also very cool you can get artist exclusive artist patches from the likes of Tommy and Gus G and all our endorses the online community I'm not currently logged in but simply it gives you the chance to have a username and a password and just enter the online community and share and download as we've talked about nice and easy you can see there username and password and then we have a really nice on-screen clear tuner which mutes your sound as well it's chromatic and also you can access the tuner from the front of the amplifier by simply holding the tap and the manual switch simultaneously your voicings become your strings so clean warm clean bright will be your low e and your a for example and then the tuner will be your mud delay and reverb delay being in tune so let me just check my tuning for the moment make sure that we're in with these new strings always remember to tune up to pitch kids never tuned down because you need to give your string tension so just if it's above pitch like that bring it down first and then back up just a simple lesson these cool there's our e so back down and then back up now one really cool thing that you can do with this as well and I've tried it myself with the emulated line out it is a full stereo emulated line out so if you connect an ID core to a PA system for example you could take a 3.5 millimeter stereo cable out of here into two quarter inch mono and you could go into two channels on a desk and you could pan hard left and hard right and then of course depending on the power of your PA you can get it really cranked quite loud which is a great thing to be able to do and you get the full super wide stereo effect through your PA which is insane to listen to and play to it's fantastic the foot switch capabilities are only on the ID core 20 and the ID core 40 this is the FS 11 foot switch now speaking from a guy that used to work in a store this would be the conversation that I would have with you the buyer or the purchaser when you're a kid growing up and you're playing guitar when our own lad I remember getting your first pedal is hugely important I remember getting my first fuzz distortion and learning my guns and roses licks when I was a kid playing along with appetite for destruction for example then learning when to actually press the pedal for the lead break and getting it in time that kind of thing so to give you guys a one-way on off switch just isn't good enough for our entry level range we've given you something that's going to be inexpensive it's an optional extra FS 11 that's a little bit more intuitive there's actually two modes on the pedal that you can adjust via the software in your settings the first mode which is called default mode will simply allow you to choose by the software two of your favorite presets so for example I've already preloaded clean bright and super crunch is my favorites and then this second pedal second switch will turn the effects on and off on that particular preset preset respectively so if there's a delay on the clean bright it will turn that off if there's a reverb on the super crunch it will turn now which is very cool a little bit more to think about if you're a beginner especially and then the optional mode will simply less let you scroll up or down throughout all six patches obviously they will change each time you press it and it will go in a circular motion if you keep pressing up so a lot more innovation in a pedal which I think is very very cool and that's something that I'll be talking about when I'm in stores and if any sales guys are out there around the world that sell Blackstar make sure you bring that up because it's a really unique thing so for example we can see I'm on my clean bright there so switching between those two favorite channels and turning the effects on off really cool what we're going to show you which is a little difficult for me because obviously I won't be able to hear the actual speakers because when you connect something to the headphone or emulated out it does mute the speaker so I'll try and play around with some of my presets that are already pre-loaded but we've got the ID core 10 here utilising the emulated line apps so I'm just going to play through some presets on there that I've already loaded up as well and hopefully it'll sound okay but this will give you a good idea of what the headphones actually sound like direct or what it will give you through a PA system let's say so let's just get my cable in there again my my presets so hopefully that give you a good idea of what it would sound like through your PA system or your headphones as well which is pretty cool you get the super wide stereo full on so what I'm going to do now is just play along to a track to finish up on the on the webinar this evening I have actually done my own easy guide for ID core and if anyone out there would like it or if you've already owned one please feel free to email me on steve.marks at blackstaramps.com and I'll be able to send that through to you it's a bit more of an easier way of looking at things explained in my way if you like so I don't mind sending that through but let me just show you again just how cool the oops let's get the mains out there schoolboy or error as Drew likes to say there we go we're plugged back in so if we open the audio section let's choose let's choose a track let's go with some Van Halen for this evening but we appreciate you tuning in and watching whether it's live this evening on the webinar or whether it's on YouTube at a later point remember to follow us on all the social media avenues like Instagram Facebook Twitter that kind of thing and if you have any other inquiries please sending your emails to inquiries at blackstaramps.com so thanks for watching and I'll try not to murder a Van Halen song for you but let's get one of my presets so remember I'm going to load some a little bit later on this evening or tomorrow so keep an eye out for those under blackstar product trainer again remember you can actually slow this down in real time pitch to learn stuff but I'm just going to play it normal with David Lee Roth and the boys and we'll see you again very soon and thanks for watching