Nice simple one today. How to lucid dream what you want to in three steps? What do I mean by that? I don't mean that you can control the dream necessarily. What I mean is how to have a lucid dream where you're aware that you're dreaming about something you want to. So you can decide on the dream scene, what you're doing, where you're going, the dream characters, how it feels. Basically you can decide, you can kind of like build the dream scene. That's what I'll teach you how to do in this video. You would want to do this because if you're into like video gaming virtual reality, this is kind of, now I'm catering more to the escapism type of thing. So before I've said, you know, don't worry about escapism, do the most profound things.  Okay, so that's what I'll teach you in this video. Make sure you subscribe and comment and stuff. Okay, so firstly you need to be having a dream in the right setting. And you need to be in control of it. And then you also need to kind of be aware of it. These are all kind of different things that they all kind of interrelate, but they are different things. So the first step, let's just start with step one. You need to first decide, like actually decide what you want the dream to be about. I know this sounds really simple and you're thinking, well, of course I would want this. Of course I would start by deciding what I want to dream about. You'll be surprised how many people have lucid dream, they get lucid, and then they realize, oh wait, I actually have no idea what I want to do. And so you end up just kind of walking around doing, you know, nothing or whatever you're pulled in towards doing.  And it can be really simple. You can just think, right, I want to be on a beach.  Whatever the case may be. And just decide, right, this is what the dream is going to be about. Boom. That's what I'm doing today. And just write it down. Simple solutions are often the best ones. I've always said this, right? Just get a piece of paper or get a note on your phone and just write down today.  Today I will have a dream about walking on a beach. OK, really simple. And then if you want to, you can go a bit more detailed. You can start writing like how it will feel and stuff. But to be honest, that's not necessary right now. So that's step one. OK, step two is all about visualization. So for this step, you need to basically throughout the day, really strongly visualize what the dream will be and how it will feel.  Really, really simple. And as you're doing this, you can maybe listen to some relaxing music. I like to listen to, like, not always by normal beats, but it could be something like a sleep track. It could be some piano music, some kind of relaxing meditation music. All right. You know, going nuts on it, just really make it your own. OK, so the third step, which I know this title said three steps. There's actually one more step, so this is not the last one. But the third step is that you need to visualize it really strongly just before you go to bed. And specifically, like, but as you're doing this, so you're just about to fall asleep, you're laying in bed. OK, imagine now laying in bed. You're just about to fall asleep. And what you do is you actually imagine or you visualize what you will do next. So like when you when you've already become lucid. So it's a bit different to the daytime visualization. You may have noticed, right? Daytime stuff, you're just visualizing the dream and what you'll do. Evening visualization, the one before bed, is where you visualize what you will do literally next, like in a few minutes time, as if you were in the same way as you would think about planning a trip downstairs to make a tea or to make a cup of coffee, that kind of urgency. You're literally thinking, right, I'm right this second. I'm going to do this next. So think of it, think about it as if you are literally about to just walk down the beach right now. There's a few reasons why you should do that out of breath. I did a workout a few minutes ago. There's a few reasons why you would want to do that. I get into them in another video. But for now, that is literally the three main steps. And the fourth step is that you need to be making sure that you have your dream journal by your bed, literally right there, right there next to your bed, so you're ready to write down the dreams. Because otherwise, you won't remember that and you'll forget.


Hello and welcome. In order to understand the morphological patterns of a language, it is sometimes useful to consider the diachronic aspect of morphology, that is, how morphological patterns change over time. In this e-lecture we will look at types of morphological change before in subsequent e-lectures we will deal with morphological changes in present-day English and the resulting consequences of those changes. There are numerous labels to distinguish the types of morphological change. A good deal of morphological modification appears to follow from phonological processes. For example, as shown here, the weakening of the old English case system and the subsequent fixing of word order to subject verb object seems to have its source in the phonological reduction of the final syllables in polysyllabic words and eventually it led to a fixing of word order. In old English, root syllables were heavily stressed and all other syllables were weakened. As a result, final vowels were first weakened too, that is, they were realized as schwa and final nasals were lost. Even though the structural details of morphological change are language specific, generalizations can be made that reflect the patterns of morphological processes. The following processes can be distinguished. Pattern loss, coalescence, analogical change, reanalysis and some further changes. Let us look at these processes of morphological change in more detail and let's start with pattern loss. Sometimes languages may lose entire patterns, which in turn means that all words formed by this pattern disappear. This applies primarily to inflection. For example, as shown here, we find cases that exist in Latin in its modern romance successor languages such as Italian or Spanish. Furthermore, it may happen that two formerly free elements combine to a new word. There are two variants of this coalescence. Univabation is one of them, where both elements are non-oxiliery resulting in a compound as shown in this Swedish example. Well, the second type of coalescence is referred to as grammaticalization, where one of the coalescing elements is a semantically abstract auxiliary. In fact, many morphological patterns seem to go back to syntactic phrases with auxiliary words and are thus examples of grammaticalization. For example, it is plausible and it is a good hypothesis that the English past tense suffix ed goes back to the auxiliary form did. However, since this change must have occurred more than two thousand years ago, it may nevertheless be highly speculative. Here is another type of morphological change, analogical change. The most noticeable way in which morphological systems change is known as analogy. In this process, irregular patterns are restructured in accordance with the regular patterns that already exist in the language. For example, in the verb system of English, several of the irregular verbs have fallen under the influence of regular verbs during the last thousand years and they have been remodeled by means of analogy with forms such as walk and walked. Two types of analogical change can be distinguished. One is referred to as extension. It occurs in inflection as well as in derivational morphology. In both cases, existing patterns are extended to new leg seams. For example, the forms stick and stuck are extended to dig and dug or changeable is extended to washable. The second type of analogical change is referred to as levelling and analogical levelling occurs when a type of morphological alternation is eliminated and the paradigm is thus levelled. Examples are those paradigms in a language that do not contain the maximum amount of differentiation anymore, as you see in these examples from German and present-day English. In fact, some paradigms have so few distinctions as to make the entire group virtually useless in distinguishing function in sentences. Reanalysis, further morphological change, creates new morphological patterns in two ways. One is referred to as back formation and here new formations become possible after a complex word has been associated with new morphological patterns as in edit or televised. The other reanalysis type is referred to as secretion and here former root elements such as a holic which comes from alcoholic may be turned into new affixes. With its new affix new leg seams can be formed not by blending but by means of affixation. For example, tobacco holic or mariana holic and so on. In present-day English secretion seems to be becoming increasingly common. Well and over and above the main types of morphological change there are further changes which may have lost their original origin. For example, the German umlaut, you know where front and back vowels meet. The German umlaut was once phonologically conditioned. Today this rule has ceased to be purely phonological. It now accompanies particular morphological patterns and is used productively. For example in German diminutive forms such as fussfüßchen or kussküßchen. Well, having defined the types of morphological change which you can see here as a summary we can now proceed and look at the changes in particular languages as well as the consequences of these morphological changes. However, we will do that in a separate e-lecture. Until then, have a nice time.


hello welcome to another video I'm off to the woods for some a little bit of a change of pace from the hiking videos I'm off to the woods it's been a while said before I don't like having fires in the woods in summer but it's not summer anymore so I'm off for my first fire in a long time in the woods and do a bit of bushcraft and cook up some breakfast a change of pace it's slow there's not gonna be a lot of this at all come along if you like this video is kindly sponsored by hello fresh which is a pre-prepared meal kit which gets sent to your house you can choose from a variety of different recipes online and then they get sent to your house and then you just it's simple step-by-step instructions follow them whip up some fantastic meals for you and your family and they've been kind enough to give me a discount code for you guys if you want to get 60% off your first box and 25% off for two months just use promo code here's outdoors 60 at checkout and they'll hook you up big up hello fresh and the meals are delicious as well I've been having them and it just takes all the stress out of cooking shopping it's delivered to your door and yeah and really easy to follow tasty meals it's ideal it's ideal right without further ado duh let's head off into the woods I'll see you there


This episode was prerecorded as part of a live continuing education webinar. On-demand CEUs are still available for this presentation through all CEUs. Register at allceus.com slash counselor toolbox. I'd like to welcome everybody to today's presentation on improving cultural competence, which is based on SOMPSIS tip 59. In your class, there is online, there is a link to SOMPSIS tip 59. If you want to read it, you can now actually order the hard copy for free from SOMPSIS should you want to. It's a great tip, and I will be putting out an on-demand class that is 15 hours based on that tip at the end of next week once I have all the lectures recorded. So just so you know that that's kind of out there if you happen to need more multicultural for renewal. In this particular section, and this is part one of three, we're going to define assumptions about cultural competence. Define race, ethnicity, and culture, and explore the problems with limited cultural competence. So we're really starting at the very beginning. It's going to be sort of a throwback to your multicultural counseling when you were in graduate school, but there's a lot of reminders. There's some, a little bit of new stuff, and I'm going to try to make this as relevant to your current practice as possible. So really quickly, I'm going to read this slide. You know I typically don't read to you, but first assumption is that counselors will not be able to sustain culturally responsive treatment without the organization's commitment to it. There are some things you can do, but if your organization is encapsulated, you're really going to struggle to provide interventions and provide treatment options to people who are not of the same cultural background or of the majority cultural background. So they may, and we'll talk about that. Assumption two, an understanding of race, ethnicity, and culture, including your own, is necessary to appreciate the diversity of human dynamics and treat all clients effectively. We need to understand the individual. We need to understand what their belief systems are. Assumption three, incorporating cultural competence into treatment improves the therapeutic decision making and offers alternate ways to define and plan a treatment program that's firmly directed toward progress and recovery. In substance abuse treatment, for example, we talk about changing people, places, and things. And one of the traditional recommendations is to remove yourself from people who are still actively using, especially abusing substances. Now if your family of origin happens to fall in that category, you know, it's not necessarily culturally appropriate to say, well, you need to just kind of back away from the family for a while. So we need to figure out what perspective our clients are coming from and help them define what recovery looks like for them and communicate with us about what interventions are going to be most appropriate. Assumption four, consideration of culture is important at all levels of operation, individual, programmatic, and organizational. That's one that we'll really talk about a fair amount today. Assumption five, culturally congruent interventions cannot be successfully applied when generated outside a community or without community participation. As a Caucasian female, you know, I can't just read a textbook that's written by another Caucasian female and design an intervention that I think would be culturally appropriate for an African-American youth who's, you know, 17. He comes from a completely different cultural background, a completely different set of experiences. So it's important to understand that we need to have input from people from the different cultures and communities. So we need to ask what is it that guides your beliefs and your expectations? Assumption six, public advocacy of culturally responsive practices can increase trust among the community agency and staff. If clients believe that when they come to your agency, they're not going to be pigeonholed into this one size fits all treatment, they're going to believe a little bit more that you may be there to help them unless in the fact or the belief that you're there just to bill insurance. So we really want to look at extending what we do in our community or in our clinics out to the community. So people understand that we are not perfect, but we try to be as respectful as possible of cultural differences. It's important to understand, though, that not all clients identify with or desire to connect with their cultures. So just assuming that someone of a different or even your own culture wants to espouse those beliefs and thoughts and everything else, that doesn't necessarily work. There are a lot of people who reject mainstream culture, even if they are in mainstream culture. So we don't want to assume that they are ready to connect or want to connect with that culture of origin. We also want to be sensitive to the fact that they may have defined their culture already.  Think about a lot of the youth today, you know, they are very, very different. Culturally responsive services offer clients a chance to explore the impact of culture, a culturation, which is basically forcing people to fit into mainstream culture, discrimination and bias, and how these impacts relate to or affect their mental and physical health. Now, if they're not ready or willing or have any desire to connect with their culture of origin, then this may not be an avenue that you necessarily want to go down. But it is important for us as clinicians to at least understand on a meta-concept level how or the experiences or the biases that this person may have experienced. Now, whether they want to make that a treatment issue or not, that's going to be an individual decision. But we do need to have an awareness of what people of certain races and ethnicities experience. Health and Human Services Protocol 2011B in the Affordable Care Act necessitates enhanced culturally responsive services and cultural competence among providers. The link to that is in your class. We're not going to go there right now, but there was a real strong push with the Affordable Care Act to encourage clinicians and organizations to become more culturally aware, to reduce cultural disparities in not only the presentation of problems, but people accessing treatment. We want people to feel like our clinics, like our organizations, are welcoming. Problems with limited cultural competence. It's a significant barrier that can translate to ineffective provider-consumer communication. If I am communicating exclusively from my perspective, this is the way I think it should be. I'm not hearing what the client has to say. And I would hope that by the time we all got out of graduate school, you know, this is kind of common sense, that we want to hear the client's perspective. What do they think is causing their problems right now? What do they think recovery looks like? What do they think is the most effective approach to treatment? A lot of clients have done some research, some haven't, and that's okay. With my clients, when we're getting oriented or organized, you know, I ask them what they think would be the most effective approach. I tell them, you know, my philosophical approach to counseling, but I can be a little bit flexible. But then I ask them, what do they think? And if they say, I have no idea. I don't know what cognitive behavioral is. I don't know what, you know, humanistic is. I just, I need to start feeling better. And I'm like, cool. So as we talk, you know, I may suggest you trying some things. And if it doesn't sound like something that would feel comfortable to you or that aligns with your values, let me know. That way, I won't suggest it again. And we can help hone what treatment options or what interventions might be most effective for you. If we're not communicating well, we may delay the person getting appropriate treatment at an appropriate level of care. Sometimes clients, you know, if you use the ACAM or the LOCUS or any of those placement tools, they may recommend a certain level of treatment. That may not be appropriate for that client for a variety of reasons. If there's a residential program you're trying to refer someone to, we need to make sure that that's going to work for them and that the program itself is culturally responsive. Limited cultural competence can also translate to misdiagnosis not understanding what's culturally appropriate and acceptable in certain situations. Lower rates of treatment compliance because clients feel misunderstood. It's like, I keep telling you that I don't feel comfortable in group and you keep sending me to group. Why? Clients feeling judged in substance abuse treatment, for example, there is an emphasis in many clinics on 12-step approaches. And if clients don't embrace 12-step approaches, the message that is either overtly or covertly communicated can be one of, well, you are not ready for recovery if you're not ready to work this one program. And so we want to make sure that clients don't feel like they're judged for saying, you know what, that doesn't work for me. I want clients to feel empowered to say that doesn't work for me, but this might. And clinicians making inappropriate treatment recommendations to groups, to support groups. Some people don't feel comfortable either culturally, well, stick with culturally here, with going into groups and putting all of their private stuff out there. Other people are not able to sit for long periods in group because of maybe mental health diagnoses, but we want to make sure that we're making the appropriate recommendations that's going to be a good fit for the client. And when we do that, we're going to have better outcomes. Culturally responsive practice reminds us that the client's worldview shapes his or her perspectives. How things should be? What do they expect? Do they expect that if you do good, good comes your way? Do they expect that no good deed goes unpunished? What things do they strive for? What's important in their life? Is it money, success and power? Is it a happy, healthy family? What is it? And we need to ask the client themselves, and I'll give you a little tip and tool for that in a minute. What are their beliefs? Do they believe it's a just world? And if you do bad, bad things happen, that karma thing, why do they think things happen? What are their beliefs in terms of spirituality? What are their beliefs about other people and mainstream culture? Do they think that in large part, the mainstream culture is not so good? Any behaviors surrounding, and I just put the term addictive here as a general term, addictive behaviors, but what are their cultural behaviors surrounding alcohol, illicit drugs, sex, gambling, eating disorders to name a few? You know, some cultures embrace alcohol. Some cultures use alcohol or certain drugs in part of their spiritual rituals. Some cultures use alcohol as part of their just family rituals. So it's important to understand what alcohol use means to that person so we can define in terms of that person's culture. At what point does it become harmful? Illicit drugs generally have a more common theme about what's appropriate and what's not, but there are a lot of different cultural conceptualizations about what's what kind of sex is appropriate gambling. Is it okay? Is it not okay? Is it something that you do for recreation? How much in the terms of losses is okay? Beliefs about illness and health. So is it your fault? If you get sick, is it God's punishment? Is it a natural progression? That's the only term I could come up with. You know, sometimes you're just going to get sick. We want to look at the approaches for Eastern medicine versus Western medicine. There's been a great upsurgeance of people looking towards Eastern medical approaches and comprehensive approaches. There's alternative approaches to treatment not only for medical issues, but for mental health issues. So what's the client's belief? What do they think will help? There's been a lot of research on a lot of the Eastern approaches. There's been a lot of research on Tai Chi. There's been a lot of research on acupuncture. So let's ask the client, what's going to help them? What's their culture's perspective on seeking help? Airing dirty laundry or it's great to reach out for support. How do they feel about participation and face-to-face versus virtual treatment? We talked about that on Tuesday. The fact that a lot of, and I've learned since then, that it's called Generation Z, people who were born mid-90s to mid to late 2010 or whatever. They're called Generation Z because they grew up pretty much from the time they were in preschool with a mobile device in their hand and they're a lot more comfortable communicating online. And LEO, Law Enforcement or Military. Because of the law enforcement and or military culture and there are different cultures, but they do share some similarities. There can be a great stigma associated with seeking help. Being aware of that, recognizing that some clients will be more likely to attend and participate in treatment if it's individual versus group and possibly if it's virtual versus face-to-face. So there's less risk of breaching their confidentiality. And the elderly and I mentioned this in prior classes. My grandmother is 87 and she was raised very much that you don't tell people your stuff. You get a stiff upper lip and you just do what you got to do. She doesn't believe in whining or complaining as she calls it. She's like, this is just the hand God dealt me and I've got to deal with it. Which I can hear her perspective. Sometimes it's frustrating because I can see her struggling, but I also understand that it's not comfortable for her to go outside of the family and ask for help and especially uncomfortable to go into into any sort of support group. That's not always true. There are a lot of people who are from her generation who do attend certain support groups, bereavement support groups and a variety of different things. So it's important not to assume that just because somebody's in a certain age group or a certain race or ethnicity that they are going to reject a certain intervention or accept a certain intervention. Let's ask. What are their counseling expectations? Law enforcement and military. This is happens to be one of my specialties. So they come up a lot. But a lot of times law enforcement and military have this bias that counseling is going to be largely ineffective, especially if it's provided by somebody who is not former law enforcement or military and accepting that. I mean, I'm not going to try to argue with them and tell them that their beliefs are wrong being culturally responsive to them as much as possible, recognizing their heightened concerns about confidentiality, you know, being able to maintain a career in law enforcement or military and the criminally involved is another example of people who may have different counseling expectations. They've seen a lot of their peers go in and out of counseling, whether required involuntary or voluntary and obviously clients who are involuntary tend to benefit less than clients who are there because they want to be, but the people who are criminally involved may expect that counseling is geared towards pushing them into this mainstream culture and communication. How open do they feel comfortable being? Not everybody's comfortable talking about feelings. And when I work with with cops and military, we talk about feelings in terms of the F word because they're not comfortable using feeling words in general. Some are great with it, but a lot of law enforcement and military prefer to use more descriptive terms. Like I feel like I got kicked in the gut or I couldn't catch my breath. I'm not going to force them to say so what you're saying is you are scared. I'm not going to try to force them to use my language. I'm going to use their language. So the continuum of cultural competence stage one is cultural destructiveness and I want you to think about your own practice, your own organization as we go through these and kind of figure out where you are and likely there are certain aspects of your practice and or your organization that are at different levels and that's cool. Part of this class is to help people survey what's going on and figure out what they may want to look at addressing so cultural destructiveness is stage one at the organizational level. The organization negates the relevance of culture and the delivery of services. It's a one size fit all you just come in you do your thing from the clinicians level counselors hold a myopic view of effective treatment. Effective treatment means you meet these goals. You're clean and sober for 30 days. You haven't had a suicide attempt for two weeks. You whatever the standard and that's one of the reasons why it just drives me absolutely baddie. When I see standardized treatment plans and if I go into a clinic and I do an audit and five people have the same treatment plan especially in electronic health records that use drop down menus. It just makes me want to like scream because we don't know that the clients view of effective treatment was available in those drop down menus. Cultural incapacity is stage two so hopefully we've moved past that the organizational culture may be biased and clients may view them as oppressive. An agency functioning at cultural incapacity expects clients to conform to generalized services. So at this level they realize there are cultural differences but the organization's like you know what it's cost effective to provide it this way and this particular approach works for the majority of people so this is what everybody's going to do. Which you can see how it could be oppressive to people who aren't comfortable in group to people who aren't comfortable doing certain activities. From an individual level counselors ignore the relevance of culture while using the dominant client population population and or culture as the norm for assessment treatment planning and the determination of services. Again in incapacity you've recognized that culture is an issue but you're just not paying attention to it you're saying I have a treatment program here and you can come you can participate but you've got to fit into our way of doing things instead of looking at little things you might be able to do to make it more welcoming and to make it more comfortable for people of different cultures. For example instead of having if you have an elderly client in your in your group who's not comfortable putting all that stuff out there for the whole group but for whatever reason the treatment program is set up maybe it's a residential program they have to be in group. Okay so that client can sit through group and take notes about things and when the clinician asks questions of the group that client can write down their answers and responses to it and then discuss it with the clinician in individual later. So you're not disrupting the whole organization because sometimes it's just not doable to conform to every single person if you've got 85 people in the house but you're tailoring and you're saying you know what this works for you and I've had a client that had a really bad tick disorder so we did the same thing for him as soon as he would get stressed his ticks would just kick off to the point that he couldn't hold a pencil to the point that he couldn't speak and it was very uncomfortable for him but once he got comfortable enough being in group he could write down his responses his observations and then he could talk about it with his clinician later so he was still benefiting from the treatment program. Another thing you could do is record group meetings and let the client watch the group meeting or the psychoeducational part of the presentation independently. Stage three cultural blindness at the organizational level the core belief that perpetuates cultural blindness is the assumption that all cultural groups are alike and have similar experiences. So we're assuming that anything we do is we know what the impact is going to be. For example I worked with a clinician who did a trauma group and I mean he was is an extraordinarily talented clinician and does does a great trauma group. However at the end of every group he would turn off the lights and they would do sort of this ritualistic grounding activity and holding hands. Now for a client who has been a victim or as a survivor of ritualistic abuse that would like freak them out. So being aware that even if somebody is in substance abuse treatment or mental health treatment and appears to fit in certain cultural groups they have individual differences so we need to recognize that. At the individual level counselors uphold the belief that there are no essential differences among individuals across groups there are no essential individual essential differences among you know people who have had more of an oppressive experience versus the mainstream culture. Likely you're going to have people in your culture or in your groups who are of different cultures and not all of them are from mainstream so we want to think about that. I had a client that I worked with in a very rural area African American gentlemen probably I think it was about 60 at the time I was working with him and in the treatment program we were in it was it known to at the forefront that it was a 12 step treatment program and we can talk about the cultural encapsulation there but anyhow he came and we started talking about support groups and the 12 step groups that were in that area he would have been the only African American in the group and he's like no I'm not going there. Not that he couldn't benefit from the philosophy necessarily but there were other factors that would prevent him from feeling comfortable and being able to get much out of the group so we had to look for other things like the online groups at in the in the rooms calm. Asking clients again what they feel comfortable with cultural pre competence organizations at this stage begin to develop a basic understanding and appreciation for the socio cultural factors in the delivery of care. When you have people from different backgrounds how does that affect them if you've got a manager and a line worker in the same group one who's typically been a supervisor and one who's typically not been how does that affect the dynamics of that interaction how does that affect the dynamics of the treatment group. And also in individual you know what socio cultural factors are in effect if they are coming and seeing your clinicians which is one of the reasons in car from jaco accreditation they want to see that your staff is a relatively reflective representation of the cultures and people you serve. At the individual level counselors acknowledge a need for more training specifics to the population they serve. If you work for example with an LGBTQ population but you don't know enough about it you realize that your lack of knowledge is causing problems with probably providing effective treatment and helping them deal with certain issues that may be specific to that culture such as coming out. So at stage 4 you're recognizing that there's more to it and by not having this knowledge you're not being as effective as you could be but you don't have the knowledge yet. Stage 5 you're competent and proficient so you're aware of the importance of integrating services and things that are congruent with diverse populations and that goes from for everything from the way you decorate your your waiting room your lobby to how people interact and the representativeness of your staff and at the individual level recognition of the vital need to adopt culturally responsive practices. So as clinicians when we hear a client talking to us because they have different cultures different beliefs different backgrounds. We're able to go back to management and say I am hearing that this particular thing makes clients uncomfortable and so we can talk more about that. So I'm hoping you figured out kind of or started to get an inkling about where your organization may be and where you may be in terms of cultural preparation. I know that with certain cultures I am pretty fluent and educated and with other cultures I am not. So if I were working with a client from that culture I would certainly need to seek supervision and in order to provide effective and ethical services. So we're going to move on to race here race is a social construct that describes people with shared physical characteristics. The perception that people who share physical characteristics also share beliefs values attitudes and ways of being can have a profound impact on people's lives regardless of whether they identify with the race to which they are ascribed by themselves or others. So that's a lot of garbledy gook for if you have people that are of a certain racial background we can't assume that they share the beliefs attitudes and ways of being of that of that race but we also want to realize like I said earlier from a clinical standpoint that even if they don't ascribe to those the mainstream culture may have imposed and assumed that they did so they may have experienced some biases some discrimination some oppression as a result. Racial categories also don't easily account for the complexity of multi racial identities which is expected to grow to 20% by 2050. So and even the research is pretty sparse on multi racial identities and culture. Many subgroups of white Americans have very different experiences when when immigrating to the United States so we don't want to just assume that every white American that walks into your office has the same experience whether they're first generation Americans or they've been here you know as long as they can look back in their family tree. They are going to have potentially different experiences as well as where they came from. The racial designation black however encompasses a multitude of cultural and ethnic variations and identities including African Caribbean African Bermudian and West African. So again not just assuming that because somebody has certain physical characteristics that they believe think and you know have these certain rituals or traditions we can't just assume that African American culture embodies elements of Caribbean Latin American European and African cultural groups. Now you're not going to be tested implicitly on this it's just for you to be aware of and for example Asian Americans comprise about 43 ethnic subgroups speaking more than 100 languages and dialects. I had no idea you know I knew there were diversity but I didn't know quite the extent of it. Native American is a term that describes both American Indians and Alaskan natives. There are 566 federally recognized American Indian or Alaskan native tribal entities. That's a lot of you know different belief systems that we need to be sensitive to. You're not going to know all of them. You're not going to have you know 666 different cultures and have all that knowledge. You're going to know the cultures of the people who are in your locale and if you don't if you're not familiar with the culture of a client being upfront about it and saying you know I'm not familiar with that particular culture help me understand educate me and you know kind of go with me on it if you will because Latinos can belong to a number of races. The Census Bureau defines them as an ethnic group rather than a race. And I find that interesting because there's a bunch of diversity in African American Asian American and Native American. So why don't we have the ethnicity diversity is there but that was my question not one that was posed in the tip. Ethnicity refers to the social identity and a mutual sense of belonging that defines a group of people through common historical or family origins beliefs and culture. It differs from race in that groups of people can share a common racialized racial ancestry yet have very different ethnic identities. This is because ethnicity is explicitly a cultural phenomenon based on a shared culture or family heritage as well as shared values and beliefs rather than physical characteristics. So where you come from your socioeconomic status a lot of things are going to go into shaping the cultures that you ascribe to and and will make ethnicity a lot more diverse in some ways. Culture is not a definable entity that people belong to or don't belong to race or community people belong to multiple cultural groups with each of its own set of cultural norms. So thinking about the cultures that you belong to and I'm talking about you not necessarily your clients right now you know there are certain cultures that you belong to depending on what your religious affiliation or spiritual affiliation is depending on what your family affiliation may be. So we want to look at what cultural groups the person ascribes to even to the extent of you know I'm a mother and you know as a parent that's kind of its own little culture right there. The word culture can be applied to describe the ways of life of groups that are formed based on age such as baby boomers you know when you think of baby boomers you have a general idea of what they grew up with and some of their ideals main notable things that happen during their their lifetime when you think about millennials you have a concept that comes to mind now that you may not be a hundred percent on target with it but you do have some sort of notion of what's going on and the same thing for Generation X and etc. Socioeconomic profession lawyers therapists and factory workers for example are all very different professions lawyers have a certain culture they talk about certain things they have their own language they if you've ever read a page of legalese you know they have their own language as therapists we have a different approach and view of the world going back to your belief systems and and what you expect to happen and your expectations about therapy and factory workers for example may have a different approach my grandparents worked in factories all of their life you know and going to work and working on the line and doing sort certain sorts of things and being compliant reaching deadlines quality control those were things that were imperative to them whereas it may not be the same they may not have the same culture in a different activity like sales at you know some sort of store. So understanding that there are certain cultures we need to pay attention to socioeconomic status does impact culture and people tend to have certain beliefs values and experiences based upon their socioeconomic status. Sometimes somebody commented sometimes I feel when working with college students and the drug culture you have to have people explain terms to you and oh yeah I mean I've worked in substance abuse treatment and co-occurring for 20 years and they still come up with these slang terms that I'm like okay back it up for me same as true if you're working with somebody with a gambling addiction or you know who grew up my husband and my son are both super computer people and that's what they do and they start talking about ISPs and support this and port that they have their own language and I'm just sitting there going on English please. So we do need to you know partly be willing to ask and go you know what I don't know that that's not part of what I'm familiar with and a lot of times our clients are very happy to explain it to us but sometimes I feel kind of stupid going what exactly are you talking about so I back it up and you know help have them explain it so we're on the same page disability one example I'll give you and I know I have to keep moving people who are deaf or our heart of hearing have a certain culture and a lot of people with hearing disabilities are extremely proud of their culture so suggesting that any every person who has a hearing impairment wants a cochlear implant is taken as very offensive to people in that community just kind of being aware of how mainstream culture would say well of course you would want to fit more in with us whereas they are very proud of the deaf community. Your geographic location affects things New York City if you grew up in New York you have a whole different way of doing things than people who were in Nashville or even people who are in Clarksville which is a primarily military based rural town and membership in self-help and support groups so this gives you an idea and this doesn't even touch all of the different cultures but we do want to understand the different aspects of people's life that influences what they believe what their goals and values are. Cultural identity describes an individual's affiliation or identification with a particular group or groups and usually it's groups. It arises through the interaction with individuals and cultures over the life cycle and it changes across the lifespan.  But understanding that each time they have a major life shift or are exposed to something else that they choose to embrace then they may have to figure out how to fit that cultural identity in with the ones that they already have or they may have to abandon certain cultural identities and that causes a lot of stress. Think about high school. I mean for a lot of us high school was really rough because that's when we were trying to figure out where do we fit in elements that constitute a culture your identity development. You know so if you're in a culture you have an identity and you say I am a college student.  There's a huge you know culture around just running itself. What are your rights of passage are if there are any what's the role of sex and sexuality in that culture and not all of these have to be present for it to be considered a culture but all of these things can influence culture. Images symbols and myths. Religion and spirituality where does it fit into your culture they're finding that we're in a period that some authors are calling post Christian and so they're looking at generation Z as your first official post Christian generation. So what does that mean and how does it impact belief systems and treatment and all that kind of stuff. How do they view use power and authority do they view it well do they feel oppressed. What is the role and use of language and how is it communicated is it oral face to face is it text messages is it non existent what happens. Are there important ceremony celebrations and traditions. And what learning modalities are used how did people in this culture acquire knowledge and skills to fit with this culture for example in the running culture there are certain magazines that all of us read and so we can talk about the article in May's episode in May's edition of Runner's World or whatever. Understanding that there is certain literature if you will that may be common to those cultures. Patterns of interpersonal interaction. How much do you share how much do you not share. What are your assumptions and prejudices stereotypes and expectations. What are the rewards and status systems. What about migration patterns and geographic location. You know there tends to be for the homeless population for example. There are certain patterns that in the winter base certain groups in the winter they spend in Florida and then they all kind of travel not necessarily together as a group but they all end up in for example Michigan during the summer in sort of the same place and they meet up again and that is that's their culture that is their sort of extended family. What are the concepts of sanction and punishment social groupings and the perspectives on the role and status of children and families. How do they establish trust credibility and legitimacy in that particular culture. What are coping strategies for mediating conflict or solving problems. So really thinking about when we're asking clients who are struggling with family members are struggling with communication communicating with other people. What does your culture say about communication and how do you feel. How do they view the past and future and their individual place in the world. And what history and other past circumstances have contributed to their current economic social and political status within the broader culture. Culture can be seen as a frame through which one looks at the world a repertoire of beliefs and practices that can be used when needed. A narrative or story explaining who people are and why they do what they do. A set of institutions defining different aspects of values and traditions. So you know right now we have the government institution and we have the religious institutions and the educational institutions and a series of boundaries that use values and traditions to delineate one group of people from another. So we want to speak with clients about their worldviews and gain knowledge about them in order to make ourselves more effective as clinicians. Crosscutting things verbal and nonverbal communication appropriate personal space and eye contact social parameters for and displays of physical contact. Not everybody's comfortable shaking hands. Not everybody's comfortable with hugs but some people that's culturally appropriate. How do they feel about the use of silence? Is it time to gather thoughts or is it an uncomfortable period where you're kind of wringing your hands going I'll say something. What are their preferred ways of moving? Do they have specific gestures? What's the degree to which arguments and verbal confrontations are acceptable? And what kind of formality is expected in communication including eye contact. My kids are in martial arts and their grandmaster is South Korean. So trying to learn and understand his culture in terms of what's appropriate to kind of open with and you know over the years I've watched how he responds to others and how others respond to him to figure out what's a good way of communicating it so as not to be inappropriate or insensitive. The relative importance of nonverbal messages varies greatly from culture to culture. High context cultural groups plays a greater importance on nonverbal cues and the context of verbal messages. So the use of a phone or technology assisted measures may not be really good with this group because they rely and they use so much context you may miss a whole lot even more than you do with mainstream culture. Most Asian Americans come from high context cultural groups in which sensitive messages are encoded carefully to avoid giving offense. So reading those nonverbals is going to be really important. African Americans are between Asian Americans and white Americans in their level of context and communications. But remember just based on race we can't assume that that's how our particular client feels. If we only listen to the literal messages of words we can miss the actual messages such as paying attention to what's left unsaid or the way something is said can be more important than what is actually said although avoid assuming that a client has a particular expectation solely based on their race ethnicity ethnicity or cultural heritage. Individuals from many white European cultural groups can be uncomfortable with extended science silences but Native Americans for example place a great emphasis on the value of listening and find extended silences appropriate for gathering thoughts or showing openness. As Americans a lot of times we're so busy formulating our response that we quit listening before the other person's even stopped talking. Latinos often value genuine communication and relationships and business dealings and initially engage in small talk to evaluate the relationship as a prelude to addressing serious issues. So if you're working with a client with a Latino background if they tried to if they don't delve right into it you know it's not necessarily that they're being evasive or resistant or whatever you want to try to label it as culturally it's more appropriate to kind of get to know someone which is why when doing intakes you know I don't sit there with my nose in the intake the whole time. I usually sit down and spend the first 5 or 10 minutes getting to know the client and then telling them ahead of time that while we're doing the intake I'm going to be taking a lot of notes so I'm not trying to be dismissive and I start with the easier stuff first and then move down into things like trauma history as we go. Asian Americans can be put off by a communication style that's too personal or emotional and may lack confidence in a professional whose communication style is too personal. So against that being back and thinking clients who have been Asian American that you've worked with what has been your experience. Some cultural groups are more comfortable with a high degree of verbal confrontation and argument. Others would for balance and harmony and really don't want that confrontation to come in there. In many Native American and Latino cultural groups cooperation and agreeableness is valued so if there is going to be a confrontation if the client who happens to be of Latino descent or Native American descent or what culture starts becoming treatment non-compliant. We want to look at making a win-win situation whereas other people other cultures it might be more appropriate to call them in and go you're not doing what you said you were going to do in the treatment plan. I'm wondering what's going on with you that would be way too confrontational for some people. Geographical factors have a significant effect on clients culture coming from a rural area even if they're from different ethnicities clients can have a great deal in common Lake City, Florida is just outside of Gainesville and it tends to be very rural. Lots of farmland same thing in Lebanon, which is just outside of Nashville. So we have a lot to talk about they understand what I'm talking about when I start talking about my chickens whereas somebody from the city looks at me and says you have a chicken in your bathroom. I'm like yes ma'am I certainly do. It's sick needs to be in under care. Individuals from the same ethnicity who are raised in different geographical locales can also have different experiences. So just because you're both from big cities doesn't mean you're going to have the same culture or values such as New York versus Nashville or New York versus Miami where lifestyle is a lot different in all three of those places. Concepts and attitudes toward a family are culturally defined and can vary in a number of ways including the importance of particular family ties. So we don't want to tell people to cut ties with some that's not going to work with their culture if that doesn't work for them. We need to figure out how to help them you know work it out and obviously we don't necessarily ever want to tell them to cut ties but depending on the issues if that comes up we need to be sensitive how inclusive to be in the family who comes to family sessions and just because insurance mandates family participation doesn't necessarily mean it's culturally appropriate and they always have that clause in the level of care guidelines that says unless it's clinically contraindicated and if it's culturally contraindicated then it would be clinically contraindicated possibly. We want to look at how hierarchical the family is is it a maternal lead family family system or a paternally driven family system and how our family roles and behaviors defined is it your typical warden June Cleaver or is it a two family working household? How does that fit together in some cultural groups family is limited to the nuclear family whereas in other groups the idea of family typically includes many other blood or marital relations or even just good friends of the family may be considered uncles aunts whatever so we don't want to limit ourselves especially when you're working with teenagers who have been homeless they may have put their family in the dust their biological family but they live with a group of other teens who is now their family so we need to really be open-minded to how we define family so so economic status in the US is related to occupational prestige education and income level so we know that people who have typical blue collar jobs may feel or may be you know oppressed not not saying everybody of high as SES is judgmental of people with low SES but we do know that it can happen and vice versa there are feelings about each each end of the spectrum that may be present not necessarily so again just be aware look for it if it's there it may become a treatment issue if it's not then it won't socio-economic status affects culture by a person's ability to accumulate material wealth how comfortable and stable can they be versus how stressed or they are about whether they're going to put food on the table their access to opportunities you know can they you know go to a Ivy League school versus do they need to go to a public school or maybe they can't afford college at all and their ability to use resources there are many forces at work that pressure a person to alter his or her cultural identity to conform to the mainstream cult cultures concept of proper identity people may feel conflicted with their identities wanting to fit in with mainstream culture while wanting to retain the values of their culture or religion and like I said earlier they've looked they're looking at and hypothesizing that Generation Z is the first post-Christian generation but if a client was raised in a very strong Christian family but they want to fit in with Generation Z they may have difficulty negotiating that sorting through these conflicting expectations can be an important part of the recovery process it's important to know that many studies have found that increased acculturation or pressure to conform to that mainstream culture are associated with higher rates of substance use disorders and mental health issues that seems obvious added towards towards sexuality in general and towards sexual identity or orientation are also culturally defined each culture often determines how to conceptualize specific sexual behaviors the degree to which they accept same sex relationships and the types of sexual behaviors considered acceptable now I put a link to a guide a provider's introduction to substance abuse treatment for lesbian gay bisexual and transgender individuals even if you do mental health treatment not substance abuse it's a really good guide that was put out by SAMHSA that will delve into this very complex topic what are their perspectives on mental health physical health illness and healing do they believe you have to be mentally physically and spiritually healthy to be healthy or are they all independent how do they determine health and illness who's able to diagnose and treat an illness is it a licensed clinician is it a pastor is it a group elder who can do that and what are the appropriate and acceptable remedies counseling prayer going to church there are a lot of different approaches to recovery and healing there are complex rules about which members of a community or family can make decisions about healthcare across cultural groups it's not always the identified patient can make their own treatment decisions it may be a family decision or the decision of a parent even if the person is an adult any mental disorder or symptom is only considered a disorder or problem by comparison with a socially defined norm which is where misdiagnosis can happen a lot in chapter five of this tip it talks a lot more about each one of these religious traditions or spiritual beliefs are often important factors for defining individuals cultural identity the American religious identification survey and there's a link to it so you can go look at it it's a really cool survey reported that 47% of the respondents who identify culturally as Jewish were not even practicing Jews so understanding that just because someone identifies by it doesn't necessarily mean they hold all the values religion is organized with each religion having its own set of beliefs practices designed to organize and and further its members spirituality spirituality on the other hand is typically conceived of as a personal matter involving an individual search for meeting and doesn't require affiliation with any religious group so when you're talking to clients about what their religion or spiritual affiliation is I usually put both out there and let them kind of open and guide the conversation in a way that's comfortable and meaningful for them some clients don't like talking about that at all especially in the beginning so they may go you know not going to go there that's okay culture race and ethnicity are not the same thing culturally responsive services taken to account the needs and preferences of the individual based upon the cultures to which he or she identifies it's important to not culturally assign a client based on race geographic location religious orientation etc because not all clients want or choose to identify with their expected cultures increase the culture ration is associated with poor mental health outcomes and culture can have a huge impact on treatment compliance and its effects including individual therapy approaches and modalities that are appropriate the appropriateness of group therapy appropriate in degree of family involvement and the degree of fit between the therapist and the client the cultural orientation resource center has a lot of resources for you if you work with a culturally diverse population again there are links to that in your class if you enjoy this podcast please like and subscribe either in your podcast player or on YouTube you can attend and participate in our live webinars with Dr. Snipes by subscribing at allCEUs.com slash counselor toolbox this episode has been brought to you in part by allCEUs.com providing 24 seven multimedia continuing education and pre-certification training to counselors therapists and nurses since 2006 use coupon code counselor toolbox to get a 20% discount off your order this month


The blue economy is gaining more attention as it offers potential solutions to reduce carbon emissions and promote economic growth. Scientific research in the area of renewable energy sources, aquaculture, blue growth, and marine spatial planning has increased significantly over the past few years. Additionally, there is a growing interest in the green and digital transformation of businesses operating in ocean-related industries. These findings suggest that countries should continue investing in the blue economy and promote green and digital conversions of companies involved in ocean-related activities. This article was authored by Jose Ramos Pires Manso, Rosa M. Martinez Bosquez, Juan Milan Garcia, and others.


My check my check my check my check my check my check my check Let me know if you guys can hear me Waiting for things to go through What's going down everybody? What up? What up? What up? Can you hear me good? Audio cool got a double check man got a double check always Make sure What's going on everybody man? What is going down? Let me check something real quick Whoever's the Cincinnati fan.    Maybe the I mean it's still early in the game, man You're still a fan and where are they at on the couch Where's Cincinnati at moving on? They're literally one game away from the Super Bowl.  We don't and we don't choke in the NFC Championship this time. I don't know. I can see them winning. It's it's it's kind of a toss-up. I'm not really sure I will say this bucks and the Rams If the bucks beat the Rams, bro, I'm gonna be honest with you I don't see no team beating the bucks and I can see them going to the Super Bowl I'm just keeping the stack in half Yeah, my team didn't make it either.  That's in the playoffs They're clearly in the playoffs for a reason. My team is sitting at home. Your team is sitting at home Everybody else's team is sitting at home except the ones are in the playoffs but Yeah, man What's good and though big most city proud? I'm gonna try to tonight man, but if If the Patriots not Patriots that the bucks win tomorrow, I Can see them winning it off because the Rams is like the best team in the playoffs the niggas is cold Chiefs of the bills. I'ma go. I See the bills winning it, bro. I see the bills winning it I'ma give it to the bills.  No, I'm not streaming cause you tomorrow Well, I don't know it just depends on how I feel to be honest with you We'll see we'll see been on how I feel You guys will know there's a good chance I probably will tomorrow because I'm gonna be kind of relaxing watching the game. So it just depends Cincinnati actually doing good this season. They are gonna have a tough AFC championship no matter who they play facts That's what I'm saying. They they did a good job, bro They did a good job this season isn't What's to do? What's the quarterback name? I can't think of it right now Uh from lsu. I can't think of his name. I know his name as soon as I google it Y'all gonna tell me before I get the answer. What's that nigga name, bro? Joe burrow there we go. Joe burrow that's who I was I was trying to think of I'm gonna say this is his sophomore year, right? Like his second year in the season Oh second second Second year in the league I want to say this is the second year if I'm correct, right? But that's I want y'all to understand that's very impressive That's really impressive Bro, that's wow Yeah, because he was drafted. He was number one pick in 2020. Yeah second year, bro That is impressive Most people don't see an AFC championship game The entire career or any championship game like that the fact that This is second year And they're going to the AFC championship game Cincinnati, they definitely got they definitely got someone that they you know that They want to build a franchise with bro And of course they They built around him that chase dude. They why receiver bro that mo I hear rookie That motherfucker cold. Whoo. He cold Yeah, he needs an o-line Yeah, that's that's the only I think if they This draft they need to focus on getting Getting an o-line bro. That's that's really what it is if they can get a solid o-line They're already solid offensively. They can get a nice little o-line defensively. They're okay They can get a nice little o-line To protect him. Ah, bro. That's who That's dope man. I love to see it. I love to see it, man Nah, they they playing bro. They've they've been playing all year So they deserve to be where they at but enough of this talk. Let's let's get into the game game action Um, we'll probably be getting it. Yeah, I gotta stop asking me if I'm getting w 2k 22 man We'll probably be getting it. Um, once we get our pcs and stuff set up because there's no point in me getting it for myself And playing it on here when I can play it with the homies and you know play it on the main page So yes, we will be getting it just be patient once it drops once we get our pc stuff set up We're gonna get it. We're gonna be streaming it on the in the clutch page We're gonna get it man.  I'm we're all gonna be able to play it uh On uh on in the clutch page and we uh, we're gonna you know, we're gonna create a tag team. You already know You already know we're gonna create a tag team. I don't even know, bro I don't know who I'm having my final four for the one. Did you hear me? I can hear you The dude who could talk No You know, I don't know who's the kid Yeah, my shot's a little rusty right now. Come on.  What what you doing on here, man? How about too young?  This is rated l man He was like how He was like, how am I too young? He didn't he couldn't understand how he was too young to be playing this game That's awesome, man. I I mean, it's not awesome. That's, you know, you got to do better on parenting But at the end of the day we were all kids once I was playing gta Uh three and I shouldn't have been playing it at the age. I was playing that so It's uh, it's this is what I'm saying. It's gonna happen But he was definitely too young to be playing call of duty I'm gonna say that now. You know, who kid that was Yeah, I don't know He was a how how I'm not appropriate age. What are you talking about? No playing music I'm probably have to go ahead and mute them just in just in case Yeah, I'm just muting anybody that plays music. I used to get mad.  No cap. That's definitely not my kid because I don't have any children patrol No children Unless you count Blondie, but I like it If you can just steady your shots Have some decent aim It rips bro. I just love it Oh no, he pulled out the shot. He did nerf the shotgun stuff I just ran away Ha ha ha ha You know what?   The fire just won't go away I'm over here looking like Kane It's Kane! By God! It's Kane!  Good shit, teammate I got my own bombers What?   Or a friend of Alright, we got the win We got two kills, not bad Alright, what y'all asking now? How old is everybody in here? Friend of two of the young individuals, okay, not bad I feel like I might be the oldest person in here Shout out from Southwest H-Town Hey man, shout out bro What was my record? Hey, they voted for me, thank you guys Cece2114 now, that was a good gameplay That was a good one Ross random question, who's your favorite Gen 1 Pokemon? That's a really good one I'm not even sure I don't even know That's a real good one I think Gen 1 Raichu, yeah Raichu was tough I think I did have I think I knew someone that had a holographic I think I had a holographic Raichu I think I only met one person That had a Gen 1 holographic Pikachu I had a Pikachu, but it wasn't a holographic though Who's older than me in here? I'm trying to figure out who's older than me in here 32?   Who y'all got winning it? Who y'all got winning? Let's see I'll probably go back to my cool jokes Green Bay Still got the packers, alright Let's see, man, it's getting close It's getting real close Thank y'all for joining in Everyone that's joined in, I know It hasn't been the most action-packed stream I've been struggling these past few games But Watch when you get your ones with Goldberg Shit Apparently he's only put down one more match So I may not be getting my ones Please don't pop up Please don't pop up Got the cool joke Pushing back around Let's go, let's go, let's go Let's go, let's go, let's go I am cooking with What chat What is my favorite thing to cook with That's what you get He patrols on He's lagging Is it lagging for y'all?   He's chewing on my mic right now You think he's gonna win the Super Bowl?


The Russian military has lost over a hundred thousand soldiers to death or injury in Bakhmut over the last four months, according to new estimates from US officials. Since December, Bakhmut, a city in the eastern Ukrainian region of Donetsk, has seen some of the most intense military conflicts of the entire year long Russian invasion. Russian forces have reportedly been pouring massive amounts of military resources into prying the city away from Ukraine, which still maintains slim control of the area. White House National Security Council spokesman John Kirby provided a striking new estimate for how much Russia has lost during the battle for Bakhmut. Kirby said that Russian forces have incurred over 100,000 casualties since December, including around 20,000 deaths. He later clarified that these figures were strictly from Bakhmut, not the overall war in Ukraine. Of those dead fighters, a considerable amount was either Wagner Group mercenaries or convicts conscripted from prison. The numbers were based on newly declassified US intelligence reports, though Kirby did not elaborate on how the numbers were derived. John Kirby emphasized that Russia's attempt to attack Donbas through Bakhmut failed. The Russian Federation was unable to capture any real strategically important territory. He added that the Russian successes in the city of Bakhmut were achieved through a terrible cost and Ukraine's defense in this area remained strong. According to him, the number of casualties was three times the number of American casualties in the Guadalcanal campaign during World War II. Kirby added that most of the Wagner troops in Bakhmut were thrown into combat and without sufficient combat or combat training, combat leadership or any sense of organizational command and control. Despite these heavy losses, some experts have suggested that Russian President Vladimir Putin will not be deterred from continuing the conflict.


This is stock number 11297A. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used RAM and heavy-duty truck headquarters. Today we are checking out this super clean 2016 RAM 2500 Crew cab short box with the RAM box Laramie Longhorn Edition This truck has the 6.4 liter V8 Hemi motor and has been fully safety to and inspected by our service shop Has a fresh oil and filter change all the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go Brilliant black crystal pearl is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second So if you have HD capabilities on a computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on right now Because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality and condition of the truck before seeing it in person This one comes with the 20 inch XD series painted and polished aluminum rims It has Nitto Ridge Grappler 37 by 12 and a half R20 LT tires and these tires have right around half the tread left on them Comes with a rough country suspension lift kit you get the red springs And everything else that's painted red on here Front fender is in excellent condition I'm seeing dense dings on there comes with the projector lamp headlamps the LED running lights Front bumper is in excellent condition as well comes with a custom Longhorn grill front bumping front bumper parking sensors factory fog lights the hood is in really nice shape I didn't see any major dents or dings on there And the passenger side front fender is in excellent condition as well Passengers side rim no scuffs or scrapes and as you go down the passenger side of the truck take note of how clean the body is How reflective and mirror like that paint is We take these HD videos So if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down But you're still interested in purchasing the truck You can see the truck hear the truck and of confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at Before you even get here so that when you do get here. There's absolutely no surprises And that's why we offer the summit auto fast-pass option in the upper right hand part of your screen a link right to our website Where you can apply for financing get pre-approved see a payment quote Even appraise the trade all from the comfort of your own home So when you do get here all you have to do drive the truck Love it and you'll be all set to go back tires have about as much tread as the front tires and the frame and underbody for being a 2006 In pretty nice condition It's like that all the way underneath More rockers all look really good. This one does have the auto leveling airlift suspension. So that's a pretty Expensive option on these trucks. I think it's like a $1,200 option anyways What it'll actually do is it'll level your suspension out if you have a heavy loot load It will actually pump up those rear springs and lift it up. So you're all level Tailgates in pretty nice shape Does have the locking tailgate Spray in bed liner you get the bed rail cleat storage system And as you go down the driver's side just as clean as that passenger side No major dents or dings in the box And for full disclosure this back rim is in nice shape as well Down the rest of the side of the truck looks really good Get the enter-and-go system. You have the heated Fold-out tow mirrors. They fold out like so.  You have a set of all-weather formats Inside power windows power locks power mirrors and these mirrors do power fold in I always like showing both sides so that you know that all the options are working in the truck We'll hop inside here Turn the ignition on so you can see the miles and everything You can see that this one has 67,796 miles you do get the digital spinometer outside temp and compass display on here Instrument cluster is very nice and clean. You get the special long horn addition instrument cluster heated leather wrapped and Woodgrain trim steering wheel cruise controls on the right bluetooth and information center controls on the left and Audio controls on the back of the steering wheel six-speed automatic transmission with the optional tap shift It does come with the 8.4 3c radio AM FM and serious XM radio capabilities on here and Obviously it has the navigation system on it. There's your AM FM in series. You have your heated and cooled seat buttons you also can check out your backup camera at any time and You also have your climate controls here.  That's part of the Rear air leveling suspension stability control tow haul You know your more tactile heated and cooled seat buttons and he had steering wheel buttons And you can turn those front and rear parking sensors off has 115 bolt 150 watt plug-in Those are Husky all-weather floor mats passenger side seat and format are an excellent shape Smells very clean inside this truck. The headliner is in nice shape and this one does have a power Sunroof Map lights up there power side and rear window Button home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lighting systems and 911 and assist buttons in that review We'll take a quick look at the back seats, and then we will start it up and check out under the hood Back seats are an excellent shape as well. No rips or tears back here. You do get the latch child safety system Framing child car seat needs you may have Power sign rear window with the built-in rear defrost you get those patches stitched into the backrest back here Black piping back here as well. You get these saddle bags on the back of the seats These back seats are heated on the outboard sides. They fold up. There's storage underneath There's also a load floor if you got muddy boots or tools put them on there You're not going to wreck your nice leather seats or if you got pets put both sides down They got a nice flat place to lay on a long drive And they won't wreck your seats and then you get storage underneath there You also get in-floor storage on each side with removable bins for easy cleaning put ice and drinks in there It's like you have too many coolers wherever you go or just extra Storage you get that same trim on the back doors child safety locks back here and We'll start it up and then take a quick look under the hood No check engine lights or anything like that That's really good I'd personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. Hopefully from this HD video We've been able to tell just how clean this truck is All the way around inside And to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and use cars trucks SCVs minivans wranglers half tons your quarter tons one tons you name it We got to go to that website right there www.SummitAuto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at SummitAuto.com And if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash SummitAuto Remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there In fact in a second you will see links to subscribe to our youtube channel on your left a link to more Ram 2500 truck videos like this one in the upper right in the lower left a link to this truck on our website and on the lower Right a link to our youtube channel with our newest video that we posted click those check us out We really look forward to help me with the super queen 2016 Ram 2500 crew cab short box Ram box Laramie Longhorn and brilliant black crystal pearl with the 6.4 liter v8 Thanks again for checking out the video


It's to the best of our knowledge, I'm Ann Strain-Champs. And I'm Ray Suarez. And this is the final episode of Going For Broke, a series on economic hardship in our time, a co-production with the Economic Hardship Reporting Project. This hour we're starting with a simple question.   And if not, why not? The idea of some work being high skilled and some being low skilled is really a myth that we use to pay care workers and domestic laborers less than, you know, a banker. I don't believe that one work is more important than the other. This hour, Going For Broke, part three. Can't work, be love.


From Hollywood it's time now for Johnny dollar Johnny. Oh hi, Jim. How are you? Okay, let's have it remember a guy named King Tut.  That's right Well, don't tell me you held a policy on him not Jim You'll also remember there was supposed to be a curse on anybody who molested his tomb Yeah, it's supposed to be but of course anybody knows that stuff's a lot of marquee is it? Isn't it a reserve judgment Johnny until you hear about the curse of come a check Tonight and every weekday night Bob Bailey in the transcribed adventures of the man with the action-packed expense account America's fabulous freelance insurance investigator yours truly Johnny dollar Expense accounts submitted by special investigator Johnny dollar to the inter-allied life insurance company Hartford, Connecticut Following is an account of expenditure is during my investigation of the curse of come a check matter Expense account item one one dollar even taxi to the office of inter-allied life to talk with Jim Sayer The conference was brief and not very enlightening I'd much rather have you seems to turn bull and get the story from him yourself As I said in the beginning. He's a very important client What's more to the point he can tell you about it much better than I can Jim to corner cliche You're being just as clear as mud also by the way. He's specifically asked for you Oh, how come well, it seems you like the way you handle a Parkinson's case a couple years ago. Oh, yeah, Emily Parkinson the widow who died Yeah, yeah, that's the one she was his sister and Well, go down and see him Johnny. I I honestly can't tell you anything more than I already have about the thing James You have told me nothing, but he can and you can pick up a nice fee on it As a favor to me now for that nice fee Jim promised to phone Eric Turnbull and I was on my way and I ran of items two and three four dollars and twenty cents For a quick lunch and train fare to Stanford There I was met by a chauffeur car and driven to Turnbull's house Far out of the town on Birchbrook Road. It was said on one of the biggest most beautifully landscaped pieces of property. I'd ever seen The final home looked as though it had stood there and all its straight lays dignity for a hundred years and Stollard against the changing world would stand for another hundred in Sharp contrast alive clean stood to make a golden Hawk was parked in the sweeping driveway at the front Haskins the chauffeur had explained on the way that he doubled his butler So I wasn't particularly surprised when he opened the door for me Since he received the call about your coming sir, you are to go right in while I take the motor car to the garage unless He glanced at the golden Hawk quickly back of me then having left the word unless hanging in midair climbed back behind the wheel Well, he said go right in Inside the house was a classic From the tile floored reception room with its walls of oak Broad staircase leading to the second floor I could look into the huge living room finished and polished mahogany with a leaded glass window at one side and thick oriental rugs on the floor a Fireplace that seemed to take in a whole wall and find mahogany furniture that glowed with a beautiful patina Beyond that I could see the library golden and walnuts and Sitting in a broad desk was a man his face red with anger Shaking his fists at a very attractive girl of 22 or 3 who stood before him obviously distressed by what was going on Don't call me uncle Eric. I'm not your uncle now and by heaven if I have my way I never will be You're not married to him yet my girl and if I have anything to say about it you Mr. Dollar isn't it? Yes, sir. Mr. Turnbull. That's right. Come in come in And Dorothy mr. Dollar and I wish to be alone The girl stood there for a brief moment looking at the man with an expression of utter futility in her face Then without so much as a glance at me he turned and left by the door that I adjusted it come in mr. Dollar come in please Thank you. I'm sorry about this somewhat embarrassing to you. I'm sure but it's Well, it's something I'll have to tell you about later. Sit down, please. Thanks May I pour you a drink? I must confess I feel I could use one at the moment. No, no, thanks, mr. Turnbull I uh, I think I'll pass I suppose it is a little early but Well, good luck Jim Sayer and then her ally tells me you have an insurance problem actually not yet I'll be perfectly frank with you mr. Dollar. Please do. I'm asking you to help me not as an insurance investigator But as a man I feel I can trust But you don't really know me mr. Turnbull. Oh, I'm contrary. I do very well As a result of your handling in the case of my widowed sister Emily when she died a few years ago As a matter of fact, you and I met very briefly at the time. Oh, yeah, yeah, of course Emily Parkinson The case involved a lot of phony relatives who file claims on her estate Yes, that's right And you're clever trapping of those false claimants and that cheap attempts to gain part of Emily's fortune was I understand that several of them still serve extences. Yeah, I believe so, which is quite what they deserve If there's anything I detest in this world, it's dishonest. Well, I uh, I guess most of us feel that way about it Of course we do if we have any shred of human dignity. Yeah But now, uh, what is your problem?  She wasn't well She had lavished everything on the boy the best of private schools travel to europe all the things that be fit one of our social and financial status Before she died she carefully put all of the money into a trust for Donald a rather unique arrangement, which I control Until he reaches the age of 30 What would happen if he didn't survive you would it all pass to you? Yes, yes, but of course I have no particular need of it when I sold turd bull enterprises some years ago I think you can see that i'm pretty well fixed investments, you know Yeah At any rate since his mother died Donald has been living here with me in accordance with her request that I care for him And I've been glad to do it. Well, I love the boy very dearly How old is he by the way at 25 it'll be 26 in october and what's he doing for a living? That's the whole point There's no need for him to work for a living as you put it But in college against my better judgment. He majored in archaeology and egyptology What did you want him to study? Business and finance of course Forgive me for being so blunt dollar, but I see no sense whatsoever And he's taking the fortune that his father's been so many years building up and squandering and on a lot of Oh, oh donald come in come in. I received word at the club. You wish to see me. Alcalary. What is it this? Oh, this dollar is my nephew. Donald crovin. How do you do? Even talking about you donald oh As a result of a newspaper item I just read to the effect that you're preparing for another expedition That's right, sir. I'm going to the ancient city of thebes in egypt egypt Since my trip last fall I've done a lot of reading and research in new york and london I'm convinced I've located the ancient tomb of the ferro kamishek Advanced parties already begun excavation. I'll join them there Do you realize the cost of this this thing uncle eric? It promises to be one of the most important archaeological finds of the century.  Dollar. Mr. Dollar can hear anything I have to say to you You see dollar. We're finally getting to the point. Uh, yeah, donald.  Well, that's the way I feel about it. Wait, sir, please Donald isn't that your collection for yukitan at the museum recently acquired it? Why yes, sir My party and I were able I'm sure we don't care about your party and you you're not only wasting your time But your money the money your father struggled an entire lifetime to get that money was left for me to spend in any way I see fit provided your handling of it meets my approval when you're 30 and the estate passes completely into your hands You can do anything you like with it by the brookle bridge if you want you probably will but until then I am legally in control of it And now finally I have every intention of exercising that control At least to the extent of seeing you don't squander any more of it on these foolhardy expeditions I take it you've made several donald. Yes, sir. And he's opposed me in all of them because sooner or later You've got to learn that as the wealthiest son of a family It's up to you to carry on the tradition that's been set for you to increase the fortune That's part of your family name build even greater financial power not to throw it away Do you call my contributions to science and history a waste of money?   No, sir What do you mean? No, let me finish. There's no point in your saying anymore, uncle I'm going to explore the tomb of kamishek now. Listen here. I've made all the arrangements Subtained the sponsorship of the museum notified the universities that are interested in my work.  I'll cut you off without a Wait a minute Donald Where are you going? Egypt In the moment or two before eric turnbull recovered his poison up to speak to me my mind raced This whole situation offered a big flock of wild possibilities Obviously the two were at sword points had been for some time Apparently and I began to wonder about this Turnbull had no need of donald's money Yet he seemed determined to keep him from spending it And I would look to me like a very worthy expedition If donald died turnbull had said the estate would pass to him or and something else I wanted to find out about the girl who's been there when I arrived Why Why oh Why did I want to know or need any answers? What could this whole affair possibly have meant to me? I'm no family counselor. I'm an I guess I spoke that thought out loud I'm an insurance investigator Yes, dollar Which is another reason why I need your help in this affair, but I uh, I just don't see it I'm afraid I must apologize for that little scene a moment ago. Well, there's no need to it was interesting to say the least Well, we didn't touch on the one thing that I wanted you to know about that girl Dorothy Hartness is so-called fiance Thanks to a generous allowance plus fees from the museum and some of the universities Donald's ensured his life for a hundred thousand dollars 50 000 for the museum and a like amount for the girl Through inter-alline. Yes I'll put it to you bluntly She has prodded him to go on these expeditions And I believe she somehow hopes to engineer his death during this komishek project in order to collect on that policy Do I make myself clear? If anything was clear about this situation, I certainly couldn't see it More things had come flying at me from out of left field during the past half hour than I could cope with And I wanted time to organize some kind of thinking So I used a corny old device glanced at my watch said something about being late for an appointment back in harford I apologize promised to talk with them again tomorrow when there'd be more time Haskins drove me back to the station and critically waited until the train pulled in and then left And it was then I noticed a little suit of bigger golden hawk that I'd seen at the house Pulled up beside the platform and the girl dorthy harkness jumped out and ran over to me I had to wait for haskins to leave so he wouldn't see me. I must talk to you Please call me. Here's the number Is this about donald? Yes Because of the danger he's in from mr. Turnbull.  Johnny dolly yours truly Johnny dolly starring bob bailey is transcribed in hollywood It is produced and directed by jack john stone who also wrote this week's story Be sure to join us tomorrow night same time and station for the next exciting episode of yours truly Johnny dolly Roy rohan speaking


Well, this is the setting for a featured match today. Welcome to you. I'm Martin Tyler. Alan Smith is alongside me. Premier League football is coming right up for you. It's Liverpool against Manchester United. Yeah, thanks, Martin. I think both teams here are going to be positive. They are set up to attack, so I'm expecting a few goals here today. I don't want to put the markers on, but I am expecting a few. This is the line-up. Anna Robertson starts alongside Trent Alexander-Arnold in defence. Sadio Mane starts with Mohamed Salah in the wide positions, and Roberto Firmino is the one striking. This is then the Manchester United line-up. Navi De Haer starts in goal. Fred plays with Mane Matic in central midfield, and here is just the one main attacker in this line-up. You can take them on here. Chance in there. A poacher's effort, the way he's just hatched onto it quickly, the way he's got there ahead of the defenders. Great news for Liverpool. They are in front. Take them on. Good position for the cross. He's looking to get him, and fire a shot off here. The chance to break away now on the counter. It's a quick break. Example of a modern-day counterattack, Martin. Wonderful. That's a great day for football in this lovely stadium. Martin Tyler here with Alan Smith. Premier League football for you, very shortly. It's Liverpool against Manchester United. What an arena we've got here. Perfectly suited to football and two very noisy sets of fans. What a backdrop that should be to what on paper should be an entertaining match. Going forward with real purpose now. Didn't need a shot and had a go at first time into the net. He did take a chance. When you're hitting the first time like that, the keeper doesn't get a chance really. What happened to get set and lose the case here? Liverpool have taken the lead. He stepped up there, didn't need a keeper. Nuti to play it into the middle, an incisive pass. It's offside, and the referee's given it. It's an offside decision. Well, the players can't believe it, and neither can the crowd, but it's the right decision.