Pretty audio. We're gonna go right video streaming Or you can it'll be there for everyone to see Just yeah, be aware picking your nose will not be seen I put a sailing photo of me from when I'm a little tiny girl, but it's not the photo. I wanted where'd you put it? in the IRC Oh, I see it the Wait, is that you the little head on the right? Oh you freaked me out there My parents fake sailing club was called the irks the ERKK the Eagle Rock cruising club. That's so cute Look at that. I lived near Eagle Rock, but there's just a mullet. Oh, you're on the water. I Really? Was it Canada Escaping or running away from or running away from yeah, I can't tell could be could be Windsor or not Now Windsor not Perhaps we ran red of the country. Yeah, I used to do that for my ties, but it takes too long. I Do a foreign hand now. I'm lazy. Hey, can I do two plugs? I just thought of a second one one is plugging you and me talking. Mm-hmm, but I just finished a A video for Don McAllister screencasts online. It might be cool. Whoops. Yeah, what's the URL? Right try to try to keep them in the space of a single plug for times Yeah, I don't mind you plug in one thing You're all good on which ones you're reading Allison I'm sure I get to say meow meow No, I Do you want that one? I thought no, I did I thought that You just moved everything all over the place. What did you do? I didn't do anything. I just deleted the space. No, you deleted You deleted where I talked about Tom. I Did now my two things aren't lined up? I Can rewrite that title I Think we were doing it at the same time. That's why Overwrote each other. Yeah, so I did not delete it because I cannot do it I did the space. Okay, but I didn't just hold still don't do anything. I'm not doing anything.  All right, so oh Dave just so you know you'll see the top of do you have you have the rundown in front of you? I do You'll see the top change color. Yeah, and that's just that conversation. Do we yeah, don't worry Tom told me Yep, and it was like that last time I was on to I think okay cool. Maybe misremembering I'm not that bright. I haven't planted memories in you. See that's a whole different conversation Well, that's where we got to have dr. Gary on there. We go. She specializes in Debunking the whole concept of memory. Oh all memories. Have I met her? I don't remember Alright, here we go three Do you like listening to advertisements me neither want to help and support greatest directly then head to daily tech New show comm slash support and help us reach our new milestone today This is the daily tech news for Friday, February 16th 2018 from DTS headquarters in Los Angeles on Tom Merritt from my Cleveland art cave I'm Len Peralta, and I'm Allison Sheridan from South Bay pod feet productions. That's right Sarah Lane off today, but we've got a grand crew That's a beer, isn't it? We have a wonderful crew It's not been drinking grand crew as far as I know also joining us Dave the psychologist Dave Broadbeck Of Dave Broadbeck comm is all I have that's that that's fine. You can find other stuff there. So that's great Yeah, I don't does a bunch of good podcasts and of course teaches at the university And we are gonna be talking today a little bit about why it's so hard to think like a scientist And and why anecdotal evidence sometimes just can't we can't help but weigh it more than it's worth That is all coming up our producer Roger Chang here as well. Hello, Roger Let's start with a few tech things you should know Sources tell CNBC that uber is considering selling its Southeast Asian ride hailing business to grab Grab taxi was one of their early brands. They do ride hailing as well The deal would leave uber with a stake in grab. No deal has yet been reached Intel told shareholders Friday that it faces 32 class action lawsuits over the specter and meltdown vulnerabilities 30 of the suits claim customers were harmed by Intel's action and or omissions The other two accused Intel of making misleading statements in violation of securities laws Q-tech and Intel have teamed up on an experimental two qubit, which is kind of low these days to qubit quantum computer But it runs on a silicon chip usually quantum computers need superconductive material and near perfect zero temperatures to operate this new chip uses quantum dot-based spin qubits and can be made with existing manufacturing infrastructure Which you can get that to do more qubits would be a big deal. I you know, I was always telling them They should use the dot-based spin qubits. Yeah But hammered hammered away to those quantum scientists for years about that and they both listened and didn't listen Nice pull. Thanks strong. Let's talk a little more about Google angering the internet What did they do Allison? So Google has removed the view image button from its image search as Part of an agreement with Getty images the button previously opened the image on its own in the browser now users only get a visit Button which shows the image in context on the page It's from where users will then need to right-click and open the image in a new tab to view it separately This is gonna drive me nuts. I use this all the time. Anyway, Google announced a licensing agreement with Getty images last week And this change was one of that agreement's provisions Lassai So so what they've done is they've made it harder for people to view the image which they think at least Getty images must think We'll make it less likely that folks will copy images from the internet Which is silly if you really want to copy an image from the internet, you can just take a screenshot It's it's not really stopping anything. It's it's a speed bump that's going to annoy people Getty already watermarks their stuff and sometimes and I don't know if Getty actually does this or not But sometimes sites will disable right-clicking Which I suppose you could just have Google respect that and not do the view image if that happens But really this is just a thing that's gonna inconvenience people who aren't breaking the rules Just slow us down a little bit, right? Yeah Does this but it seems like this might bother me more than What bothers me I use it all the time I'm and usually what I'm doing is I'm looking for a company's logo So I'm flipping through them real quick till I find the official one and then I hit it It pops up and big I right-click and grab it and even if I want to link directly to That server's image Which sometimes is a bad idea because you don't want to steal bed with sometimes you do want to copy it and host it Yourself if that's allowed to copy it other times you're like no I want to make sure people know where it came from that it came directly from the company It's a real thing that they serve it makes it harder to even get that link Yeah, well Friday US special counsel Robert Mueller indicated I'm sorry indicted Russia's internet research agency and charged 13 Russians with conspiracy to defraud the United States Of course, particularly the organization impersonated US citizens and used botnets to attempt to influence the US presidential election Lot of technical details in here, which is why we're covering it on this show We don't really care so much about the political aspects of this But internet research agency used a VPN that they set up on servers in the United States To operate the social media accounts that appeared to come from the US So they had to come here and do a little work to get the server set up Although I guess they could have done a lot of that work remotely and then we're able to operate them from Russia The defendants are also accused of using fake bank accounts and false ID documents Deputy Attorney General for the United States Rod Rosenstein said there was no allegation that the operation altered the outcome of the election This is just an attempted fraud, but very pervasive and I have to say from my perspective very interesting to see the lengths they went to Basically troll people It's also interesting to me that they they were successful at at trolling like you say But they use the VPN to operate these social media accounts And yet the FBI was able to figure out who they were where they came from and the organization and trace them back down Anyway, it took a lot of work, right? It wasn't something they could just you know do in a day This is this has been months and months of investigation more and more almost a year now. Yeah, I actually Unless I misinterpreted it on the news today I actually heard that it started more than a year ago that it was like two years ago that they actually started this and then watched They were seeing this activity prior to actually trying to influence this election. They were already watching that activity So yeah, it's fascinating how much technology went into figuring this out And probably some footwork too, right? I mean just just the idea that that you know They probably didn't crack the VPN They probably figured out what servers were used and then maybe subpoenaed those and were able to examine those or found out through Interviews with people. Oh, we were using a VPN or they were using a VPN But yeah, it's it's an incredible combination of social engineering and technical engineering For very little effect it seems No, I've got my prediction of what the internet's gonna do They're gonna try to find out which VPN service provider it was and then complain about them. I I think they set up their own VPN I don't think they actually went through a third party or else they would have gotten caught a lot faster There's that All right Well the Wall Street Journal reports Google tested a new emergency cell phone calling system in the United States in a few states in December and January using the US 911 system Google sent location data from Android to the 911 Operators Rapid OS is a company involved in the test told Wall Street Journal that more than 80% of the calls using the new system Were more accurate than location data use usually provided by the wireless carriers Google hopes to implement the system across the US this year This is great Anything that makes things more accurate in emergency situations is fantastic Sounds like they're doing a good job of testing this out To make sure that it works better before they roll out to everybody my only hope is that They expand this beyond just Android devices. Yeah, I'm real curious to see how this will work with the Require the requirement to share your location with different services So let's say I'm reporting some crime that I'm watching but I don't want to be involved I just want to report it and run away. Maybe I don't want to give my location. I'm having a heart attack Yeah, I would really like you to know my location Are those going to be things that they have to separate in some ways, you know Apple in particular going to make you have to say yes To share your location. Well, yeah, and and one would not want to have to do that if you're having a heart attack So there should there should be an easy way For someone calling 911 to say if I'm calling 911 go ahead and share my data But like you said if you're calling to just report an incident Maybe you don't want your your data shared and and granted you can say well I I you should not worry about that if you're reporting an incident, but it could be a chilling effect on incidents in that case Yeah, I also want to know what the other 20% where was it less accurate in the other 20% or just not more accurate Yeah, I've got curious about that too. I and obviously what they're trying to do is just show like this is going to help It's supplemental. I don't think it replaces the other system Yeah, Dave, what do you think of this? I? think it's cool that It's the idea of the location-based stuff. I mean, it's really important obviously when you're doing the 911 call It would it's funny. It never occurred to me if I was making a 911 call. I don't think to not For them not to want to know my location, but then again, you know, I live in a town of 75,000 people and there's not a whole lot of Things that are really horribly scary here probably so maybe I just have that experience But you know, so I can see that angle. I wonder if that would I wonder how many people would be reticent I guess that's that's that's the question and that's probably a empirical question. You could probably answer that with Some experience, you know or a survey just ask some people would you be? Would you not want your location share when you make a 911 call? And people would probably be pretty honest about that too and honestly the carriers already contract you if you're making a 911 call That's just built in this was a system created In order to to get over the problem of everyone starting to have cell phones and not being able to say where they were So yeah, the carriers can find you that is an important thing and I'll be honest. You want that Granted like I just said it might have a chilling effect on reporting crimes But you want them to be able to find you if they can yes, yes An Australian transit agency deactivated the transit pass of meow Ludo disco Gamma meow meow His name while he was traveling to the United States to speak at a cyborg convention Now meow had embedded the transit pass chip in his hand in April 2017 Now when he did this the New South Wales Transport authorities disabled his pass But he fooled them because the pass he put in his hand wasn't under his name So they weren't able to figure out who he was until he left and they noticed the pass stopped being used and they're like Haha, we've got him or at least that's what I think that's not a pass. This is a pass. Yeah, uh, and so they did they Invalidated it. They've also Find him $200 for riding a train without a valid ticket. I'm assuming What they're objecting to is carving up the card, right and putting the and implanting the chip Without being in the card they there's probably some very strict rules about the card has to be whole to prevent fraud So you can't cut up the card and do anything with it including putting it in your hand Beyond just being able to talk about a story about a guy named meow meow Um, he he really enjoyed the fact that his card was deactivated after this convention He happened to be at in the United States. It was a cyborg convention and the subject was uh regulation and cyborg rights So does the cyborg have a right to ride the subway, right? Uh, he yeah, the iard is not lost, right? He just spent a few days talking about this very type of situation And i'm sure what the new south wales people are saying that the transport agency people are saying is look We don't care if you're a cyborg or not. You can't cut up your card But we don't allow that All right, I love this next story in february 2011 NASA sent robonaut 2 to the international space station to be tested as a robotic assistant In repetitive tasks like cleaning up our cleaning or flipping switches The robot was only a torso and arms, but it worked well until 2014 when nasa upgraded it with legs to give it more mobility They're legs that grab on to things not real like feet legs The uh the upgrade did not go well and the last time it reported completing a research task was december 2013 The problem appears to be a lack of a ground path Which is difficult to fix on board and even if fixed probably has caused Components to degrade or burn out this week nasa announced robonaut 2 will be returned to earth for repairs If it can't be repaired it will be swapped for a newer model now what i found really interesting This is a great article. I read every word of this one. I loved it Um, so this was a model b and the ones they have on on the ground where the model c and the model c Had this ground wire this ground path correctly done So they've spent years swapping out parts and swapping out cables and swapping cards and trying to figure out What was wrong with this thing and it was intermittent because the ground being Messed up was causing components to fail that weren't necessarily the root cause so, uh, You know, that's kind of like science 101. You don't have a good control, right? They don't have the same thing in both places. Did they not see apollo 13? You have to have the exact same stuff on the ground Evidently not but uh, the idea of the robot with legs crawling around flying around was great But why did they make him so big too? He's huge He's human size. Yeah, no, no, no, he's the scary aliens. I mean that's pretty obvious Of course, Dave. I didn't think of that. It's for defense Well, and and the the best part about this is if they had been able to get the spindly leg like things Like you said, they're not really Uh, if they've been able to get those to work the next step was to do EVAs with it IVAs first intra vehicular activity, but then that's what the spindly legs were for right We could never get there working so they couldn't move past IVA tests to get to a so I here's the thing Uh, I love this idea that they were troubleshooting from earth from the surface of the earth To a space station like that that must have been incredibly complex Uh, why wouldn't they just send up a newer version of the robot? Just I mean, I guess maybe you want to learn something by fixing the old one, but It's it's a problem of cargo space the the problem was that the the robot himself is very heavy It's a big payload So they even had to wait the reason he's been um doing it for so long is they can't even get him back down Because they didn't have cargo cargo space true true But once I mean if you're going to send a new one up either way it's going to be cargo space You might as well send the once you know it works Absolutely, yeah, I like it Uh, and that was the other part of this article I liked is is how and and Dave I'm I'm curious what you think of this They said look as much of a failure as this has been practically we learned a lot So it's not a failure as an experiment Yeah, I It's it reminds me in fact you mentioned Apollo 13 and one of the things that when I talk about when I when I teach you to a psych when I talk about problem solving uh is that And sort of novel problem solving approaches is when you have all this stuff in front of you and you're trying to solve a problem A lot of times it takes somebody coming in And I'm not going to say outside the box because it's a cliche, but that's what I mean That has a different approach to things And like I said, you look at the Apollo 13 example It's beautiful and it's the same sort of thing here where they're probably going to learn something about their procedures for problem solving even Uh, even though the NASA's been doing this for Gee since before probably any of us were born. Yeah, right. Nonetheless nonetheless, uh, they can always learn something new about problem solving and problem solving is something that Is kind of a fuzzy thing to study like it's uh, it's it's not easy So especially doing it in a real world situation where there actually are consequences rather than just experimental things I think something really great can come of it for NASA even if they can't fix the thing at all Folks if you want to get all the tech headlines each day in about five minutes subscribe to daily tech headlines available on the amazon echo The google home in the anchor app and as a podcast at daily tech headlines dot com So monday we talked about how veronica was hesitant to upgrade to macOS high seara because someone close to her Had some major problems with it and I noted that I had upgraded twice two different machines hadn't had any issue But that I understood because it's harder to feel comfortable about things when you're close To that anecdotal evidence that tells you otherwise and allison that reminded you of a couple things you've seen recently Yeah, there was an uh an article for the british psychological society written by uh christian gerrit where they uh summarized Some work done by pretty shah at the university of michigan on why it's hard to think like a scientist So the summary article by christian gerrit talks about five reasons It's so hard to think like a scientist and the number one thing is that we're swayed by anecdotes And that got me to thinking about how um my single favorite thing on the internet is when someone says Well, I'm having this problem and I looked on the internet and a whole bunch of other people are too Sure, that's great. And I was also thinking about uh tom when you were on the philis club one time, uh, Wendy you asked wendy. How do you convince something somebody to change their position on something and she said you can't first of all But the example she gave was if you're trying to convince somebody to get vaccinated for example If you can introduce them to someone with polio, they will then believe in vaccines But short of doing that it's almost impossible to get someone to change a position like that Um, so that that article combined with with what you did that conversation you'd had Really came to light when steven snofsky, uh, who used to run a lot of the largest projects at microsoft Windows itself he's got a lot of experience with uh, scaling large software development projects And he did a tweet storm where he talked about apple and how everybody's talking about their software quality He's gone downhill and part of what he said was I'm betting that it isn't that if they we could actually see the data that they have I'm betting that it actually shows that the quality has gone dramatically up You know on a percentage basis and things like that, but he said Uh, he said you need to step back and look at at the broader context of what they've accomplished in the scale that they've gone to So it got back to that anecdote thing where you you know, hey, I had a bug in ios 11 This thing's happening to me. Therefore this whole thing is garbage So Dave we wanted we wanted to get you on because as a psychologist, uh Do you have any experience learning about this? You what is it about anecdotes that make us go? That's the truth and all this other scientific evidence is not Well, one of the things that we have these sort of heuristics, uh, that we use to solve problems. Okay They they work. They typically work really really well. So, uh, the idea of anecdotes fits in with something called the availability heuristics. So something that uh is If it's available to memory, it must be important That that's a sort of a shortcut that we've learned over I would say learned that we've evolved over 200 000 years of being people uh, and it usually works It actually usually gives a pretty good example that the pretty good solution the problem, of course is that uh, we didn't evolve with there being the possibility of You know of there being three and a half four billion people online that you can talk to at any given time Oh, so before we had a lot of data to work with you might as well work with the only data you have Exactly and what you had in front of you probably made sense I mean, this is true of all kinds of things about problem solving So it's the same thing with the gamblers fallacy for example where people, uh, don't understand how probability works because they don't understand independent events But you know what there aren't any independent events in nature Uh, so we evolved in a place where everything was dependent on everything else People, you know lothar of the hill people, which is a reference that maybe nobody got wasn't rolling dice. So thank you top Wasn't rolling dice. See he was uh, or flipping a coin He was hoping that the saber-tooth tiger that he saw there yesterday if it's that or at that watering hole you avoid out watering hole um So you so, you know the pastiles genes on so this is what's happened over like and these these heuristics work really really well But the problem is we now have Like you said, we now have so much data in front of us that They can lead us astray and they they could lead us astray before, you know, most people were online too This is work by diversity at all over the years looked at these kind of heuristics and They they can make you make you make a lot of mistakes In certain situations and one of them is like I said, so what do you think advertising works because you know Why when you walk when you walk by the deodorant, you know, I'll let you go The you pick up the men in So It's it's that kind of thing. Uh, it's it's and again, we didn't evolve Uh, uh in a time where don draper was writing ads Sorry, I'm always watching madman. Not not yet. Not most of us. No The very small amount of evolution happened for people who grew up at that time I think the other the other thing that was interesting about this british psychology Society story that that allison brought Was mentioning a study Published last year where fernando radriguez and colleagues asked dozens of students to evaluate scientific news reports That drew inappropriate conclusions from weak evidence. So these were designed to be wrong Some of the reports, however, opened with an anecdote supporting that inappropriate conclusions and others didn't as a control Regardless of the level of university training or knowledge of scientific concepts The students were less competent at critically evaluating the reports that opened with the anecdotes So if you're like, well, I'm smarter than that, I'll always see past the anecdote. It's hardwired, isn't it? Oh, yeah, it really is and I mean, this is the problem is that Uh, we can take advantage of the of this of this of this problem. Uh, and uh, sorry of these juristics and make these Really dumb judgments and we all do it. Uh, one of the real problems that that just shows up I know with with my students when they're writing like uh, the thesis or something like that A lot of times they or they giving a presentation. They want to start out with an anecdote and I would say, please don't Please don't instead just get to how you did it and why it worked and everything like that because you know It's a real issue and and you know, it happens the thing that happens, of course, is you get so married to your own ideas That uh, even I was a good scientist and I like to think I'm pretty decent But I mean when I was in grad school, I remember giving my master's thesis My master's proposal to our lab group and it was awful. Like I almost quit school that day I went and drank three pitchers of beer, which was like one more than normal As a graduate student or the next day. Yeah for a tuesday. It was a tuesday. How did you know that? Uh, and I went and I talked to my advisor the next day and she said it wasn't just your fault I'm your advisor and I mean she's famous and such uh, and you know You get so close to things you make mistakes. You think i'm smart I must know what i'm doing. I've got all this training. Uh, and you probably You make mistakes we all do that's why peer review is important, right? Right, right Let's turn this around though and in your line of work where I assume you're training people to become professors and work in this field But what if you were training a group of people in business? I'm thinking we look at these five things that that they they suggest that makes it hard to work Act like a scientist. We use this to manipulate people to do what we want in business Okay, so I want someone to give me more budget I'm just going to put well number three was reduced by graphs formulas and meaningless neuroscience I'm just going to put a bunch of that glop Into my proposal and they're going to go.  Yeah, so it's learn to use it. You can use it for evil You can use it for evil Okay, so you mentioned in academics you have peer review There's the idea of transparency and open publishing and showing your sources and that kind of helps Guard against this happening because you have so many different eyes on it But what can I what can I do because we have people in the chat room saying i'm pretty sure i'm not susceptible to this You are of course they are but how but if we know it's hard wired into us, how do we combat against it? I think the knowledge of it is the the first thing. So if you know Acknowledge you have a problem Yeah, well because you have a problem because you're a human being Okay, that we've we're hooked up this way and if we know that we're hooked up that way Then we can say to our and these these these processes these heuristics are unconscious They're not available to to consciousness But what is available to consciousness is saying I will not fall for this Right, so it's like what Richard Dawkins said in the selfish gene where he said I know I'm hard wired to be selfish But I choose not to be that way today And that's a that's an important point you can make when you have knowledge of these things But we should be teaching these things to kids in grades six grade seven Uh that that actually they're thinking works like this. Uh, that's an important point We should go to the university. Don't say you're not susceptible to it Admit you are Look for it happening and try to resist it when it does Yeah, I think the hardest exactly in in the list was the fifth one said being smart isn't enough And it was actually a case of they said that if you're really smart in a topic You think you're not susceptible and you're going to be you're still going to have the problem You think that you know more than you do, right? Uh, that that combined with the overconfidence one that was number two Was you get confident because you think you're really smart and you might be really smart You might be as smart as dave and yet that's actually going to hurt you in doing this Because in reading things because you're going to think I understand more than I think I do No, I understand less Yeah, this is a very important skill to keep in mind when you're on reddit Thanks to everyone who participates in our subreddit You can submit stories to vote on them at daily tech news show dot reddit.com and facebook.com Slash groups slash daily tech news show real quickly out of our mailbag mohan wrote Regarding our suggestion to use privacy badger. He says it does a great job But I just use tracking protection built into firefox 58 quantum Which can be used not just in private mode, but also in regular mode This does the job for me and from what I've read it's borrowed from the tour browser And yeah, it's not going to help you chrome users out there But if uh, if you are willing to use firefox, or are you already use firefox you got that built in stop people He also blocks third party ad trackers now. Nice All right, let's check in with len peralta who has been basically drawing a visual anecdote for us Yes, I kind of took this in a different direction. Um, this is the first time I've ever drawn a four panel cartoon for a dts, which is sort of a big deal But let me take you through it. The first panel, of course, is a gentleman Talking to a young woman about the home pod, which we all know of course leaves an indelible white ring on your wood tables It'll be found out this year So he's telling her a story about that and saying don't pick up your home pod If you want to find an indelible white ring on your wood table Next pink next panel. She looks besides to pick it up in the last final panel There's a tombstone that says I didn't listen to my friend and now i'm dead It was the ring You know what else I love about this is that that's what apple actually should have said was just don't pick it up if you See that steve jobs would have said right? Well, don't pick it up I love this. This is so good. Uh, so yes anyone who is in any way thinking it's dumb or horrible Or whatever about the home pod leaving white rings on oil or wax treated wooden surfaces You should buy this you should buy this I can show you some neuroscience that says that it's a great idea It's good advice too. Just listen. Don't you know if you listen to your friends and you don't die Just leave it there. Just leave it right there. Just don't pick it up. Please lend peralta store dot com Of course the place to find that uh, dave broadbeck. Thank you so much for joining us as well and sharing your expertise with us Where can people find more of what you do? You can find me on twitter at the broadbeck. You can find other podcasts I do like best episode ever at best episode ever dot com, which is a retro tv podcast You can find what I do with my wife that I just released one today We where we go grocery shopping and talk about things at broken dash area dot com and you can look Oh, let's say you're interested in psychology go to people that a u c dot ca slash broadbeck slash blog Which makes me sound like vorac five ten years ago Uh, and you can find all of my lectures, uh, literally 1100 uh so far a little more than that actually of my lectures with the last seven years are there as podcasts Go check it out. Uh, most of that stuff is linked from dave broadbeck dot com as well. Yep, sure Thank you allison charidan. Uh, it's good to have you on the show. What are you got going on? Well, probably the coolest thing I did recently was a video tutorial for screencast online It's on the app focos, which is a really wicked cool app for Uh, iPhones that can take portrait mode photos allows you to change the focus of it. It's very cool You can watch a preview at screencast online or get a free 14 day trial of his site And you can it's tom mcallister's site and you can watch it there I'm really proud of that the one that was really cool And i'm gonna sneak in a second one because it sort of plugs tom I had tom on chitchat across the pond uh just a couple of weeks ago episode number 520 We talk about how social media makes us feel Ooh really talked about our feelings How do you feel about food pictures tom? Nothing more than really Feeling um, but I get it. I get it. I get it. Go check it out. Uh, pod feet dot com Thanks to everybody who supports this show directly. We are halfway through the month So we need your support. Uh, if you're already supporting us. Thank you Please continue it as much as you can we see people dropping off and these days It's always because they they just have some financial hardship and we totally understand that But we know there's some of you out there that don't and it only takes a minute to go to patreon.com Slash dts give us a dollar a month That's all it takes and you've picked up somebody else who was feeling bad and made their day better So check it out patreon.com slash dts and don't forget all the fine new wears T-shirts coffee mugs hoodies at daily tech news show dot com slash store Our email address is feedback at daily tech news show dot com we're live monday through friday 4 30 p.m Eastern 21 30 utc And you can find out how to watch us at daily tech news show dot com slash live no show monday for the president's day holiday here in The u.s. But we're back tuesday with patrick bezia. Talk to you then This show is part of the frog pants network Get more at frog pants dot com I'm in club. Hope you have enjoyed this program That was a great show. Thank you guys. That was fun. Thanks. Thanks a lot guys Yeah, that was really interesting. Um, I would love to have you meet my friend, uh, dr. Mary and gary And when I was talking about she is works at uh, university out of uh in new zealand I forget the name of it. She just moved universities, but uh, she works on, uh, basically debunking memories And uh does all this crazy research where she'll take grad students, you know, because that's who you experiment on an impulse and Basically implant false memories. Oh, yeah, yeah, sure crazy what she can do. It's it's really slick She her advisor was um, professor loftis out of uc or Elizabeth. Yeah, sure. So, you know her. Yeah. Oh sure. You probably were in the same circles Uh, sort of I'm I do more animal memory stuff than human memory stuff, but uh, I certainly know that stuff and uh, That that there's a great loftis experiment, right? Were they you ever heard about the lost in the mall experiment? Yeah, that's that she Mary and worked on that Oh nice. Okay. So there you go. Yeah, that's I love that stuff.  She convinces them that they uh, that they were lost in the mall as a as a small child Oh, yeah And you have to actually talk to you have to talk to their parents first because you have to find it if they ever were lost in the mall, right? Yeah Yeah, it's just because the ethics office a lot Hey, I'm on our ethics panel here. I just reviewed of the way even if you weren't lost Oh, I wonder how that would work. Yeah, see roger the way this works is um, I I say to you I've talked to your mom and dad To get some background information on you and they talked about a time when you were four years old and got lost in the mall And you you would usually look and go I don't think so. I don't remember that and they say yeah, there's all kinds of details So what happens is it was here and here and here and then you wait here And then we're wearing the purple shirt that you actually did own. Yeah, she throws in real facts Yeah, and then you come that you come back like a week later and then they say, okay, uh Can you tell me about the timing of lost in the mall now? A lot of participants will say that I'm sure that didn't happen or I have no memory of it But a lot of a chunk of people will come out and say uh, yeah Okay, so what happened was I was wearing the purple shirt and then I was walking with my mom and dad And I looked over I went over to the toy store and then they were gone And like exactly the story that she's told and then we even put in other events They'll they'll embellish right that actually happened to me like I went to the toy store my parents like left Yeah, that's they've got all kinds of the ones They'll they'll tell a story about how you were on a lake in uh, you know in a canoe I mean it's not always them all My dad would never be near anywhere near a canoe. It's not like I think at about a 20 success rate when people will recite a full detail about it Isn't it what we isn't that what we call guest lighting someone? Well the point is that you can manipulate they work with um, uh, how leading questions are done by police officers in a lineup For example, you know, you can basically make people remember that that was the guy that that that You know attacked you when that guy was never there Yeah, buddy of mine is a forensic psychologist and does that kind of stuff gas lighting it borrows a lot of that methodology the what because because I used to do that in high school with my friend like Like like safer like Monday was a day off because it was it was called teachers day Is is a day that all the high school all the teachers would basically meet for a service. Yeah, okay Yeah, and so You know, I remember on a Tuesday I would turn my friends like where were you yesterday? It's like what are you talking?   I apply. I applaud this I applaud this Um, so titles in my anecdotal opinion ellipses Are you as smart as Dave? Meow meow Dallas multi-pass Anything with meow and it's pretty good as far as I just meow. Yeah, I gotta get Meow meow plays cat and mouse with south whale. Oh, it should be new south wales or south wales Is it south wales transit south wales? New south wales transit That's just a try turning it on and off again The anecdotal and uh antidote antidote I like that one. That's that's the one I've been working. Yeah, that's that is an anecdote. That's nice. I like that The You can also use it to warm up your mouth before speaking engagement The anecdotal antidote rubber baby buggy bumpers I like that finally got into it the anecdotal antidote It's like saying uh, the bank robber and the anecdotal antidote The human torch came in for a bank loan That's a what it's a ron burgundy Like right before that is that for a mankerman? Okay. Yeah, I knew it. That is vaguely familiar, but I couldn't place it Human torch made it for applied for a bank loan This is like they're like useless I have to say that Straight uh, was it um, what's the one where you here's the voice? uh Like those are the there's only three will ferrule movies I like and one of them is anchor man. The other one is semi pro And they all under a stranger than fiction I think Actually has a rule. Yeah, I think that's true semi pro is great People I mean, it's not great, but it's funny and I love things about anything about rebel Leagues, I love the ABA and wha in the usfl.  I love the fact that it was Both a send-up, but also an homage to that like, you know Yeah particular particular, you know sports level.  Like oh, we're gonna wear makeup Yeah, I'll start sweating it gets in their eyes. I don't know Oh There was one thing, uh, I want to tell you when you were uh when we were talking and you mentioned heuristics and you said the availability heuristics Uh, dr. Gary is always making me read books about you know brains and stuff She makes me do that and she gave you this one book to read and all through it They kept using the word heuristics and they talked about the availability heuristics and for the life of me I've never been able to get a definition of heuristics that I can understand Okay, I'll see heuristic a heuristic is a Set of rules or a rule that allows you to to solve a problem to get to quickly get to a solution Like Adding goes like this or it's like a shortcut. Uh, it's a shortcut. Tom's Tom's got a that's a very good way to put it It's a shortcut and it usually works Whereas a uh, what's this heuristic and a an algorithm is always works So for example, if I was cracking your password a heuristic would be and I'm sure this wouldn't work, but you know, 20 years ago It would have worked You know, if I'm a little bit about you, but I knew your birthday. I might try those kind of things Whereas that would be a heuristic now an algorithm a dictionary attack will work Yes, whereas a dictionary attack is an algorithm It will work but it'll or not a dictionary attack, but like a you know, all the possible combinations of letters and numbers brute force brute force Yeah Brute force. That's the one I'm looking for. Okay. Yeah, like heuristics just kind of makes assumptions that you establish Yes, yeah, it may and these things and like I said that they're not available to consciousness We don't know we're doing these things Um, the evidence comes out in in experiments, right? So we know that people Use these puristics, uh so There's other ones too like anchoring. So if I if I say to you Uh, there's a great experiment done in the 1970s. I think it's diversity's group and and they they ask these students undergraduates Uh, do you think the number of uh countries in Africa that are In the un is uh, 65 percent or higher? Is it 75 percent or higher? But this different group 65 75 85 95 45 35 and then you take a look at what number people say The the the best predictor of of what number people say, uh, actually the number that you anchored with So if you say 65 that core and then 75 is going to be higher 85. It's higher. So We do those things all the time all of them. I would pick all of them Well, yeah, that's that's because you know a few things You know what a first your first you're undergraduate pre-existing knowledge to the experiment. You're ruining it That's right invalid dispose of him as you would any other refuse It's we yeah, we just put people like you down when you come into the lab. It's uh, no smart asses get out of here Oh, man, if there were no smart asses everywhere a phd buddy Just from the little I know dave, I'm not sure he would have made the cut on that No, no, I was I'm I'm I'm very smart asked. I'm known for that My my mum has told me my superpower is the ability to just say anything and people go. Oh, that's just dave Whereas other people get fired for things. Yeah Apparently my father could do too so yeah, I specialize more in sarcasm Uh, somebody put a put a poster on my door at work That's uh said the national sarcasm society and underneath it. It said like we need your support I like that. I like that That is pretty great I lean toward What do I lean toward?  Yeah, that's fair That's another approach like I'm a smart ass, but I'm also just like Like a jerky curmudgeon like Like no, I don't want to do it You do a video podcast about statistics I did. Yes. That's those are uh, yeah, they are now just on my youtube channel Those are those are my you know slides sync to my lecture Oh for advanced advanced multi advanced univariate statistics, which is a course that our honor students have to take Oh, I know that Which is the one you do with your wife? Is that future play? No broken area? Oh, no if you play was a conference broke his area Uh, that that will lead to the feed. That's the old name of the show. Yeah Oh, that's interesting because that's what itunes finds I just shoved your name in to look for it Okay And it still says you might want to go into itunes connect because it still thinks it's broke his area I'm an old school. I'm an old school dave fan. I'm I'm tangential conversions all the way. Yeah, I wish I stole domain. I renewed it two weeks ago It's uh, it's I'm still subscribed Oh, that's nice. I'll I'll see what I can do. I may be the only one at this point I'll I'll talk to ken.  Uh, in fact, we were saying if we still did a podcast We could just pull up my phone set of recording You just email it to me For you sure, we'll just we'll just call you and we'll just do it that way this conference call me It'll just be easier for everybody. Yeah, I really don't have to put in any music. There's no editing Oh So the so Dave's definition of heuristic work for you, Allison It helped. Does that help? Okay, okay Now I have to go back and read the book and see if I fair what the heck it was talking about Mathematical examples of this and I can't think of any right. That's what I was trying to come up with. I mean, is it is it Okay, uh, if now, I don't know how often you would convert temperatures double it med 30 turns turns, uh, Okay Okay, that's a great one because it gets you close, but it's not accurate Yeah, yeah, but it's close enough for rock and roll right like yeah, you know 20 and 20 is 40 and 30 70 and 20 68 So that's close enough and of course really the algorithm is multiply times nine fifths and add 32. Yeah, yeah Right. Yeah 1.8. Yeah, so that's you know as an engineer. It's a little hard for me to do that I'm I'm not a scientist, but as an engineer I need precision Oh, sure. And of course you want precision in your life normally, but when you're making decisions like And normally these things don't lead you astray like right? So like if it's a good heuristic about what am I going to make for dinner is I'll need a protein And a starch and a vegetable, right? That's because that's what people in this part of the world. That's what we do That's what I do. Sure. Um, very rarely do you think to yourself? well Instead I will Maybe make breakfast breakfast for dinner kind of thing doesn't happen that often But you would never use an algorithm to do that because you would try cooking everything in your house including, you know old computers microphones, uh, I'm just looking around here the cough drops Uh, that that's a bad that's a case. You don't want to use an algorithm There's very few cases where you do use them in regular condition because you don't have to and it would take forever Take forever. What are so instead? Use the heuristic Allison. What are some rules of thumb you've used as an engineer? There you go Yeah rules of thumb I don't have a good answer for that You never used a rule of thumb or you just can't remember Well, I'm sure there are some but um Yeah, nothing's jumping into my mind right now. Yeah. Yeah That always happens to me I'm a little more like, you know, I won't say three eights. I'll say point three seven five kind of a person so it might be a little It might be an obsession with with precision is there that makes it harder for me to do the workarounds that are probably What's the photography rule of thumb? What's that? There you go Oh Actually, Steve just gave me a really good one. Here's one of my favorite things to talk about in structural analysis so um If you take a tuning fork and you and you hit it and it vibrates it'll vibrate it its natural frequency It'll be a really good rate, right? Yeah, that's an object with a very high q if you were to map the uh The natural frequency or the frequency against the natural frequency when you hit it it's natural frequency It's a really sharp peak, right? You get a lot of amplitude It's a nice tight peak But if you took like a sponge it also had to the natural frequency, but it's just like this low little blood that has a very That has a very uh low q well in structural analysis They buy all these great computers and they make these structural analysis models nastra and patron you do Build all these 3d models and you run all this vibration analysis and everything and the last thing the engineer does to this day Is licks their thumb and goes i think q is uh 10 Now it turns out q is almost always 10 on complex systems because they all start to average it like you've got you know Screws and nuts and bolts things holding each other together it ends up being 10 But sometimes it's not and i worked on a project where the guy that was head of the structural analysis department with a phd in structural analysis Said q was 10 and q tended to be was actually 100 so then when they put this little laser up on a on a uh vibration machine the little laser went flying across the room There q is 10 so q is 10 is a heuristic Yes, it works most of the time Yeah, but not all the time exactly right Yeah, yeah, any last words for youtube streaming audience Uh Go Canada go Hey Bye-bye


That's right up here. So welcome. Thanks for coming. I'm Jason McGee. Myself and Asmere are going to take you through an interesting conversation over the next 40 minutes on Cloud, on how to build a modern world class full function cloud stack using open technologies and what we're doing in IBM to deliver that stack to the market. I'm going to kick us off and kind of set a little context and talk about how I think a cloud stack is put together and how open source technologies play a fundamental role in the building of that stack and give you a little bit of an introduction to how we're delivering that in IBM. And then you turn it over to Asmere and he's going to come up and go into some of the details on some of our capabilities and some use cases from clients and interactions that we've had about how they're adopting cloud. So let's get started. One of the things that we believe in IBM very deeply is that open technology is a differentiator. Open technology is the right model for how we should build an exposed cloud. And I think cloud has had an interesting history in that a lot of early cloud activities, especially early public cloud activities, were not based on community. They were not based on open technologies. They were not based on APIs that gave users the freedom to select vendors and move their workloads as appropriate. And so as we started a number of years ago building our cloud, we knew from the beginning that open technology was going to play an important role. Now, many people, when they think about cloud, think about different layers of cloud. You think about infrastructure. We're here at OpenStack Summit. We're talking a lot about infrastructure and how OpenStack provides APIs for things like VMs and bare metal and networking and storage. But cloud today really is much deeper a stack than just infrastructure. So I thought I'd start with a view of what are the layers that make up a modern cloud stack? Independent of vendor, independent of technology, what are the capabilities we should all expect in a modern stack? So I think it starts, of course, with infrastructure. And a modern stack has, at its base, the core infrastructure capabilities around virtualized servers, around bare metal servers in many cases, around storage, both block and object, backup and archive, files, various forms of storage technologies that you need as an application developer for building your apps. Networking, which both means the core networking provided by the cloud for doing packet routing, for doing isolation, for doing private networking and overlays, and interconnect back to your enterprise network, but also network services. How do you do load balancing, firewalls, and packet inspection and all the network functions that are needed to build and run your application at scale in a cloud, especially in a multi-tenant context where you have other users in that environment? On top of that physical infrastructure layer, there is almost always now a platform layer. And this is a recognition that core infrastructure is powerful, but it's a pretty low-level primitive as an application developer. If you're building an app, having a VM is nice. It gives you the core runtime environment to host your code, but often you would like something a little higher. And I think in the platform layer, I think of it in two parts. There's a set of higher-level application runtimes around containers, around structured containers with things like Cloud Foundry, and you see this emergence of new models like serverless and event-oriented technologies that allow developers a way to build and run their code in a way that lets them focus just on the application artifacts that they want to deploy. On top of those core runtime models, there's a set of what I think of as foundational services, kind of common horizontal capabilities that almost everybody needs when they build applications. You have management functions, like logging and monitoring and alerting and operational tools. You have DevOps functions to help you do delivery and deployment. You have automation and pattern tools like Heat that let you do the automated stand-up and configuration of complex topologies for applications. You have security functions, and you have integration functions that let you connect back to existing applications or connect back to existing resources. So these two layers make up a set of platform functions. And historically in Cloud, there was infrastructure as a service, and there was platform as a service, and they were kind of two separate domains. And I think if you look at the evolution of Cloud over the last, let's say, 18 months, you see those layers coming together. And you see in most Cloud environments a spectrum of capabilities from infrastructure through platform that's available. Now on top of that, that set of platform capabilities, there's also often a set of domain-specific services. So these are higher-level services that application developers want to use that are specific to a particular technology domain. So you might have services around mobile for doing things like push. You might have services around data and analytics for doing, of course, data storage, and search, and query, but also for doing analytics and data processing. You have now, in many cases, cognitive capabilities, AI capabilities to help you put intelligence into your applications. You have functions around IoT. You have functions around video. So this, I think, at its heart is the stack of capabilities you will see in most modern, full-function Cloud environments. It's one of the dimensions to this picture. And that's where does all this run. And one of the things that we believe in IBM is that we're not all going to move to one place. That whole world is not going to move just to public Cloud. Public Cloud, specifically shared multi-tenant public Cloud environments, will play a huge role in where many of our applications run. And I suspect that all of you at some level are using public Cloud. But there are other models that are important as well. If you really look at an enterprise and you look at the business requirements that they have, you look at regulatory requirements, you look at laws within different countries, there's a need for other models. There's a need for what we call dedicated, meaning I want a private instance in that shared data center that's isolated from everyone else, physically isolated compute, physically isolated networking, but still hosted by a Cloud provider like IBM. And there's also a role for local, meaning I want to run Cloud in my data center, behind my firewall in my shop. But it's still Cloud. What does Cloud mean? Cloud is a service, an API, and an experience that you're delivering. And so Cloud in your data center is still a service that needs to get delivered. But for whatever reason you've decided, maybe it needs to be close to data that you're using. And so there's a latency requirement that says I need to stay in my data center. And so one of our goals is to deliver this full stack across all three delivery models with the same API and the same experience. So as a developer, you can interact with your Cloud in the same way. You can interact with the same APIs and you have freedom of movement between these different delivery models. So this is my view of what a full Cloud stack looks like. Now, as I said in the beginning, for many years now, IBM has built its technology direction on top of an open community and open source view. And whether it was in the past around Linux and Apache and Java and WebSphere and other technologies that were built on open technologies, in Cloud, the same path is playing out as well. And there's a number of centers of gravity. We're at one big one, which is OpenStack, providing the community and the technology around that core infrastructure layer. But there's also activities in CNCF and OCI in the container space. There's activities around Spark, around Cloud Foundry. There's a number of important communities that provide pieces of that stack that come together to build Cloud. Now, if you take that, let's take that generic view of what a modern stack looks like and start to overlay the specifics of how IBM has built their stack. And at a very high level, you can see the IBM stack has three pieces today, and we'll go into details. At the infrastructure layer, we have soft layer providing public and dedicated environments. And we have BlueBox providing dedicated open stack and local. So we have a set of offerings around the infrastructure layer. And then we have a set of platform and domain services around IBM BlueMix. Conceptually, these are all coming together into one thing, one user experience across all three. But these are the components that make up that layer. The more interesting view to me is this one that says, well, if you remapped that layer chart that I drew and looked at the technologies that we're using to build it, it would look like this. So at the infrastructure layer, we have open stack with Nova and Ironic, with Neutron and OVN on the networking side with Cinder and Swift on the storage side. At the platform layer, we have really three run times, run time models that we're supporting. We have in the container space, container services built on top of Docker and moving towards things like Kubernetes and Swarm as interfaces into containers. We have a Cloud Foundry environment that gives you a really rapid way to go from code to running applications in the cloud. And then we have this new thing that we introduced back in February called OpenWisk. OpenWisk is a serverless event-oriented programming model, something that we developed, but then have contributed and open sourced that project. And so we have, as part of the OpenWisk project, a community building around next generation serverless application models. So within our platform, we support all three. At that foundation layer, there's a whole bunch of technologies that make up that set of foundational services I mentioned. Many of them are built on open source projects. An obvious example would be the whole logging, monitoring, metrics, and alerting space we've built on top of Elastic Stack. So LogStash, Elastic Search, and Kibana provide the core technology to allow us to expose to you a set of logging and monitoring services. Runtimes play an important role as well. So within that platform, there's a set of application runtimes that we expose for developers.  But we provide a few out of the box. No surprise, we have a strong supporter on Java. We have a strong heritage in Java and IBM. We also have a lot of work going on with Node. And many of our applications are built with Node.js. And we have strong participation in that community and some strong offerings in that space. And then the emerging one is Swift. I don't know how many of you have taken the opportunity to play with Swift on the server. But Apple, with help from us, has open sourced the Swift language. And we are providing support for Swift in Bluemix, both as a language you can run in Cloud Foundry and inside of containers and run web apps on Swift and have package management around Swift. So we think that's going to be one of the next really big languages on the server side is Swift-based development. And there's a lot of people in the world who are either already or quickly becoming skilled in Swift because of its role in the iOS ecosystem. And that's now translating into the server. And then if you go up in that domain layer, there's a number of technologies in that domain layer. Ones I would call out in the data space. We have an offering called IBM Cloudn, which is based on Apache CouchDB. We have huge participation in the Spark community. And we have places like the Open API Initiative and Swagger, where we're starting with the community to define how do you define your APIs themselves and expose those APIs to users. So this is the stack we're building and how it's put together. The best place to go to get access to this is IBM Bluemix. So you can go to bluemix.net and have access to this kind of full modern stack. So we've brought together infrastructure and platform into one experience. And you can go here and you can deploy open stack object storage via Swift. And you can deploy containers. And you can deploy all the assets of your application that you need to run on the cloud. And Bluemix itself is available all around the world. We have 28 regions running Bluemix today, both public and dedicated. So you can choose to run your application where you need it. And then, of course, we have a set of local capabilities that let you bring that same experience into your data center and have that common API that crosses those boundaries. If you looked at Bluemix, there's a number of elements that make up that platform. Diversity and run times, which I mentioned. So open stack VMs, bare metal, containers, cloud foundry, serverless, a big focus on data. I mean, if you haven't spent some time on Bluemix and go play with things like Watson and the kind of really powerful cognitive APIs that are available as a developer through a simple REST API, you can do advanced image processing, you can do natural language processing, you can do sentiment and tone analysis on text. You can get access to some pretty incredible capabilities through simple REST APIs exposed through a cloud platform. The Bluemix platform today has over 120 services that are available for developers to use to build out their applications from across all those domains in that layering that I showed you. Rich data capabilities, a whole bunch of cognitive capabilities, core security and application functions, all built on open technologies. And I think that's a real powerful statement. Because it means, as a developer, you can build those applications. You can have the freedom to move them. You can take an application running on IBA Bluemix and run it on an OpenStack cloud of your own. You can move your container-based applications to some other container hosting environment. You aren't locked in by API. You're locked in in the sense of having access to this rich set of capabilities. So you can leverage those capabilities but have freedom to move as you need to. So that is context. I'm going to turn it over to Asmere. He's going to dive a little bit deeper on some of these concepts and how we're delivering them to the market. Is that right? Thank you, Jason. Thanks a lot. All right. Thanks, everyone. So I'm going to go through here, use this as our reference point. So we've got our cake. We've got our layers. I'll cover a little bit of the layers. But more importantly, I'm going to cover more about the slices. So the public slice, the dedicated slice, and the local slice. So just to dig a bit deeper on the layers, so this is sort of what you see. So the next drill down, we're leveraging soft layers significantly for both public and also for dedicated. But we also allow you to experience that same environment inside your own data center. And we'll talk a little more about that. As you go further off, we're continuing that open by design approach. We're using OpenStacks and Linux as the underlying technologies. And then, of course, you've got the applications. And really what we see is this is really where the rubber has to road. It's great for us to talk about infrastructure and hardware and the technologies underneath it. They're all enablers. What really drives the business, what really drives innovation are the upper layers. And so, as Jason said, check out BlueMix. That's really where you get to see all that power harness together in one environment. In terms of the slices, so we've got a slice that's public. So we'll talk a little bit more about BlueMix services and what you can see there and how OpenStack is helping power that out. And then BlueBox. So BlueBox is actually new to the IBM family. We got acquired about 10 months ago after Vancouver. And so we've been spending a lot of that time really enabling our technology and merging that into the IBM technology to provide more goodness. And predominantly around the private cloud space, I'll talk a little bit more about what dedicated provides and also how we're enabling that same functionality inside local. So let's start with public. So this is the same BlueMix UI that Jason showed earlier. You can see there's a bunch of services here that are actually enabled by OpenStack. So our virtual server, block storage, object storage, security groups are all underpinned by OpenStack. Object is GA today. The other three are in beta. But they're all there. And you can really see both how these all pieces come together and also how OpenStack is powering it. You can also consume these services using the OpenStack API and the CLI. So we don't limit you just to BlueMix. But again, really for a developer service, that's really where we feel the power can materialize. If you dig down a little bit more around, BlueMix is all about open APIs. That's something that we hold very close in terms of our design language. Elastic Resources, obviously, is about building these, as you heard yesterday in the keynote, these mode two applications that sort of auto grow and auto shrink as you go along. And so this is the framework that allows you to go do that. Pay as you go. Cloud, as you always commit to what you need. And so this business model supports that. And then we focus on SLA. You can build the best application out there and the best UI. And if it's not running, who cares? So there's a lot of work that's required for us to maintain close to 100% SLA. But as Jason mentioned, public isn't for everyone. Or I should say, you will need more than just public.  You want to have resources just for your own team. That could be cultural, or that could be really technology driven. You want to focus on the applications. And you want somebody else to manage the infrastructure. You want to ensure that when you talk to your customers, you're providing that SLA. And you're in control of your environment. You want choice. You want to be able to run it here for certain instances and there for other instances. And you want to be global. We hear this all the time. And so when you look at that, it's very hard for you to have one monolithic solution to that. And so private clouds have a play there. And this is what Bluebox brought to the IBM portfolio. We run managed open stack private clouds. We've been doing it for a long, long time. We pivoted to open stack about three years ago. And so we've had a lot of experience both on running clouds for other people and also in open stack themselves. And we curate a lot of that to ensure that we, again, maintain that SLA for customers. So we ensure that there's performance, availability. So being part of IBM has really grown that aspect of our business. Before IBM, we only had four data centers. And now we're in 14 countries, 16 different data centers. And so we've done that in the space of about four months. And so that strong platform that IBM had allowed us to grow, in fact, exponentially here in a very short period of time. As cost-effective, we've continued to bring in pay-as-you-go as you adopt an open stack. And that really helps. A lot of customers are still in that proof of concept mode. They don't know what they want. They don't know how to commit. And so a business model allows you to commit to what you need, whether it's a 30-day term or a 12-month term, really, really helps in terms of how we are moving the project forward. It's elastic. You can shrink and grow your cloud as needed. It's always private and secure. We literally will provision bare-metal servers inside your data center or in SoftLayer that only you and your groups will run. And it's 100% open. We don't fork open stack. You heard Shamile and Tyler talk about that earlier. So IBM's very much focused on that. Make sure that there's through openness there. And more importantly, compatibility between the different approaches that we have. So for BlueBox, we've got two offerings. We've got dedicated, dedicated runs in SoftLayer. And then we have local and local runs inside your data center. Everything else is the same. We have the same service. It's the same open stack projects. We have 12 of those. We deploy it the same way. We manage it the same way. We do upgrades. All of this is the same. And so the only difference that you have to choose is really geography. And we work very hard to maintain that. If you look the next level down, we have these cloud building blocks. If you want to build an elastic cloud, you've got to have building blocks that can scale with you. And so we've adopted, just like open stack, a scale out architecture. So our storage, our compute, and networking is all scale out. And so we actually curate different types of nodes, whether for compute, or for block storage, or object storage. And then you literally use it like Lego building blocks and build out your clouds. And this is the same building blocks, whether you're running in dedicated or on local. So since I work on dedicated predominantly, it's great being part of leveraging SoftLayer. Because SoftLayer can have the same hardware in 14 different countries all the time. So if you want a cloud, and you'll hear CloudSoft after launch, they've built three clouds in three different SoftLayer data centers, exact same footprint. And they're able to do very impressive things on top of that because the substrate is identical. Compatibility, 100% across three different geographies. So those are the kind of things that we want to enable with our infrastructure, right? Have you focused on the top layer items? We'll take care of the rest. But it starts with these building blocks that are well thought out, and really a good match for your applications. And the way we also do this, the team at BlueBox, we're a global team. We support customers seven by 24, but we have to have remote hands. We can't be in 14 different countries at the same time. And how we do this is via our relay technology. So we actually have something called BoxPanel, and that's how we use to interact with our customers to allow the life-cycle management of our clouds. That's how we can have the cloud admin. Those of you saw Boris yesterday on the keynote, right? Now we're not vodka drinking bears, right? We're real ninjas that are working on this, but we can only multiply so far. And this relay technology allows us to multiply. And it's important for us to do this in a secure manner, right? So I get asked this a lot. It's great in all that you can manage my cloud, but what happens to my data? Well, we encrypt everything, right? We encrypt all the data in transit. All the connections are our tunnel connection. Sensitive data is encrypted at rest. And for local, when we run in your data center, your data cut doesn't come to us. We leave it behind. So it's very, very important if you're gonna, to build that trust with a customer, because cloud is great, building applications is great, but it only takes one security incident and all of that is lost, right? So we do take this very seriously. In addition to that, we wanna maintain SLAs. SLAs is very, very important for us. That's everything that we do where there's building, expanding through a new data center, adding a new feature, building a new node type. All revolves around, can we maintain that 99.95 SLA, right? It's very, very important. So there's a lot of the work that you don't see, but extremely important for a business and extremely important for your application that you build. So what does that buy us? Well, it buys us true hybrid cloud, right? And I'm sure a lot of people think, well, hybrid cloud needs to be public and private, right? Not necessarily. It could be any combination that you want, depending on your use case. So I'll give you an example today. Today, our customers generally run POCs on dedicated, whether they're gonna go into production on dedicated or local. Why is the exact same experience? Every single thing that you can do on dedicated, you can do on local and vice versa. Same compute node types, same story technology, same IP address scheme, controllers, and so it gives you all sorts of portability. So think of it, right? If you've got the substrate that's identical, everything that you do on top of it will work. Guarantee. So that's what we've been focused on. We really used to ensure image portability, API compatibility, all the projects are the same. And so we spent a lot of time making sure that if we put one thing in one offering, that the next offering either has it immediately or has a very aggressive timeline to adopt it, right? We ensure that that stays very, very, very quick. And then we've got things that are coming in upstream, a single sign-on via Keystone Federation. So things like that allows you to have the same credentials. If you've got multiple clouds, the same credentials gets you into all these clouds and it's all trusted. So these are the things that allow you to go do very interesting applications and use cases and it's hidden, it's in the substrate, it just happens. So you can focus on what's important for your business. We talked about geography. So these are the locations in Softlayer that is dedicated ready, right? And as I said, we were able to roll out in these different geographies in about four months, right? So when we got the first one done, took us half the time through and we get the second one. By the time we got to the fifth one, we were doing one once a week. So really great for us to do that. So we talked about the bare metal server. We can have the same bare metal anywhere in these locations. But more importantly, if you look, there's all these lines that connect the data center. Yeah, that's the network that Softlayer has and probably doesn't get as much PR as it needs to, but it's phenomenal. It's a high speed, 10 gig backbone. And what you can do is you can connect. So you got two clouds in two different regions. You can connect your traffic and send them across this private network. One, at high speeds, it's two, it's secure. And then three, it's free. And so you avoid the public internet and you get to do stuff. So again, that's very powerful. If you're connecting local and dedicated, you can run on direct link.  So these are the things that allow us to really drive home that whole anywhere in the world view that we have for cloud. But we also get other benefits. So, and we see there's another use case for hybrid. Well, you've got your single tenant cloud that Blue Box enables. And then we talked about direct link, the global private network, being your own IP addresses, which you think it just happens right now. It's really hard for you to have IP addresses that don't conflict or allow IP addresses that conflict to work together. So that's a lot of work there. But we've also seen things like, well, I just need a little bit more storage. We, for private clouds, as you can imagine, you're buying for what you need today. And if you don't know what you need today, if you're on the other ends of the spectrum, it's hard for you to get that elasticity. Well, if you're connected on the same network as all these other great soft layer services, you can tap into them. And that's what we've done. You can tap into all these different types of storage and backup services and whatnot, and really just build that service that you need and have it distributed out, right? We're the ones that are burdened in terms of the infrastructure and ensuring that the SLA is up so you can maintain what you need on your part of the stack. All right, slight change gears. Let's talk a bit more about Bluemix. So we've got Bluemix public. We've got Bluemix dedicated. Both of those are on software. What about Bluemix in your own data center? Well, that's one of the first things the Bluebox and the Bluemix team worked on when we joined the IBM fold. And we're in beta today. So Bluemix Local, on Bluemix Local, we announced that interconnect in February. And so we get the same experience that you get, that you have in public, but behind the firewall. And we've been able to take Bluemix that was built around an open core and team it with Bluemix. It's also built around an open core. And really we want to enable that same full stack experience as you go across the different digital geographies. So this is a huge milestone for the team. Really, it's been great. And looking forward to getting this out in GA and having that goodness of wherever people want it to be. Another thing we've been doing, and we've also seen this too, where when people in that bi-modal IT phase, I don't know where I'm gonna go. I've got some sunk investments. I need to be able to either consolidate that in one place or have a different strategy than it running somewhere else. And so there's a group at IBM called the Pure Application Team. They've been focused more on the commercial side of that first type of workload, but they're also embracing that second mode of IT. And Bluebox has been able for that. So we're actually using heat and the heat orchestration templates to enable all these open patterns on this. And so you can have effectively one platform and allow you to run the different kinds of applications, whether they're mode one or mode two, on the same platform. That's a huge savings for customers that want to go into cloud, want to have it in their data center, but are not sure what the mix is gonna be or how they're gonna transition from one to the next. So we're really looking to see how we can help customers do that in a very pragmatic way. Another thing that people don't think about because it's all about technology is around regulation. There's a bunch of companies that are not, how they do business is not determined by budget or by technology, determined by the industry that they work in. Healthcare is one. So HIPAA is a rule that protects how patient information is shared. And as a company in that industry, you have to prove to the regulatory commission that your workloads are covering the privacy rule. So we help customers achieve that compliance. So we allow customers to run HIPAA-regulated workloads on our clouds. Fairly unique offering. We spent a lot of time looking into space and the vast majority of what's available for HIPAA is either managed services or not cloud or we'll provide infrastructure somebody else takes care of the controls. So we enable about 60 different controls at different layers of the cake to allow customers to be able to meet that compliance requirement. So this is a huge thing. We just came out with this past quarter. Okay. And then we spent a lot of time talking about technology. I think Jonathan yesterday talked about how there was a customer that did all this automation and went from 44 days to 42 days of deployment, which is very true. Before we joined IBM, Bluebox, we were a startup getting a lot of customers and trying to get people on and people will start doing POCs. We stand up the cloud in record time. We check in two weeks later, nothing's happened. Oh, I've got something else came up. I can't this or whatever. And so they would pay for a whole month and nothing really happened on the cloud. So we instituted this five week onboarding exercise where one of our customer success managers will actually talk to a customer, understand what their goals are, help them out. Some of them don't even know how to get started right now. What are credentials that I use for Horizon? What's Swift, right? How do I see that? And so all these things are sort of covered in that five week onboarding process and it's really helped it for us. From a business standpoint, we've actually seen people actually start using the cloud much faster and also go much deeper in terms of what they do. So they'll use more block storage. They'll spend up more instances. They'll do snapshots and what and so on so forth. And as a business it allowed us to grow much faster. We've already talked about month to month commit, right? That's super important for us. While I'd say the vast majority of our customers sign longer term contracts, the fact that they can actually cancel 30 days, they have to give us 30 days notice and jump off. That's huge for a lot of customers. They don't want to be locked in in this error cloud. And so we're enabling that both from a technology standpoint and also from process standpoint. And then finally support and upgrades, right?  The demo today was great, but that was today's demo. It's not the first time they've done it, right? So up until today it's hard. And so we've had to learn that the benefit for us is that we have hundreds of clouds under management. So we get to do it a hundred times. And so we know how to do the upgrades. We know how to support. And so those are the things that we build as a team and we make that a process and try to deliver that goodness to customers. All right, so that's good. So this is all theory, great and all. So where's the rubber hit the road? Well, I'm gonna show you some case studies of actual real customers. Unfortunately, I can't put their names up here of what we've enabled for them, right? Using private cloud as a service, enabling their applications on top of it. And we'll have more of these to share. I'm sure next time we meet up in Barcelona. So a large distributor of casual games. As you can imagine, they're mainly DevOps. They really want to focus on the application. They didn't want to manage OpenStack. And they really wanted something that was their own. They didn't want to use the public cloud. So they came to us. They were close to where Blue Box is located and we delivered that cloud and met them. And so, and they got the benefit, right? They got to focus on what was important to them. They got the open APIs that they needed and they were able to scale out, right? Within that data center and they're looking to scale out to a different data center. Another customer, they do concerts. So live event management, right? So a lot is, while I love to go see concerts in person, I see a lot of people actually see it online. And so that's what they do. They load this up. They have their own SaaS offering. They needed the elasticity, but they needed to ensure that they have a lot of control over that environment. So we came in and spun up additional clusters to ensure that they're close, where the cloud is, is close to where they need to go run that event, right? So that, you know, sort of a private cloud elasticity at work. And then we also have a company that enables technology students into the job market, right? And, you know, while IBM wants to get these people too, there's, you need to provide choice. And they were actually running with a competitor and it was, there was an SLA play. They could not get their applications up and running. Anytime students would come in, they would either not get on or not get the performance that they need. Billing was all over the map. And so we came in and solved that problem. So again, a different aspect of how we can solve a problem where it was really more around making sure that the service was running. And then they could price it out. So we priced on a monthly basis. They could figure out six months out what their demand looked like and budget for that. So that was extremely important for them. And I'm gonna close. Maybe we'll have time for some questions with Cloudsoft. So Cloudsoft is gonna come in after lunch. I think Hernan and Duncan are gonna have a conversation. And so they've been spending a lot of time with us. They currently have three clouds today in three different geographies running on SoftLayer. So I'm gonna, I'm not gonna still live under and let them talk about how Cloudsoft is enabling their business using IBM and all the components that we have underneath the cloud. All right, so just to close, I think there's a lot of reasons why there's a preference building in the market for IBM. Obviously we're providing the different flavors that you can consume what you need from us. And we're committed to making sure that all of those components that you see here across the different layers and the different cuts of the cake, if you will, are enabled. So it is consistent experience no matter where it's in your data center, where it's in public or private. Control and choice, right?  Make it predictable, right? When it needs to be up, plain and simple. And there's a lot of hard work that happens there. Then just operational excellence, right? Making sure that we focus on the customer, making sure that they're number one and making sure that they're successful. So I'm gonna be here with Jason if you have any questions, but thank you for spending time with us today and there's more, more sessions after lunch. So please come back and with that, thank you.


I stalked too. I stalked Josh. I've never stalked since then. That was the only reason I've stalked.  Yes. I've never admitted that, by the way. I pay their lovers and friends. Joined by my lover, my friend, Mr. Jared Brady. And Shan Boudram. And we are your host of Lovers and Friends. I'm sorry. I do have a podcast coming out called Lovers and Friends. You do, and I'm on there sometimes. And you are kind of low key the host of that. One of my favorite pieces of content on Audible is Esther Perrell's podcast, Where Should We Begin? And Where Should We Begin? Listen, and I loved it and ate it up. Actually, listened to it twice. She's incredible. So she actually put out a game that is based on this. And I bought the game right away and I started playing it at home and we had a lot of fun with it. And I thought we should do a video about this for our Audible video this month. Yeah. So Jared and I sat down and we were playing the game together and we kept realizing that we were sharing stories we've already told. Yeah, I think it would be a great thing to pull this out first date. It is such good conversation starters. And I find that people don't talk about it on the first date and they feel like they didn't get to know the person. And I think instead, if you were just more mindful and intentional about what you talk about, even if you don't have any chemistry, you're still going to have a good time and learn something new. Any of yourself. Yeah. Because you're gonna get questions that you may have never asked yourself before. So because we wanted to show you how this could be a really good tool on a first date, we decided to go on first mock dates with people that we have worked with in the past that we had compatibility with. Yeah. We had good energy with these people. Yeah. So you brought... Sarah. I'm not saying I was playing with you, I'm just saying. It's okay if you were. It's okay. I just wanted to point it out that something happened. This would be the game to really play with somebody that really went inward on themselves a lot. And she displayed that on the podcast. I was like, this is gonna be great. Nothing to do with how she looks. That's not why you asked her. It's all because of the inside. Of course, yes, she's a good-looking woman so it wouldn't be bad to have someone that's looking great across from me. Why did you choose Josh? Because Josh's hands up. No, I chose Josh because he and I worked together on the Trojan Condoms project, which was like a pivotal project for me. Yeah, I give it a little smack sometimes. Don't... I smack it. I haven't actually connected with him or seen him again since, so when I was thinking about somebody that I wanted to catch up with and know how they're doing more intimately, Josh came to my mind. Hey, Josh, Leva. What's up, girl?  It's been too long, but I feel connected with you because of social media. Is that weird? No, it's not weird. Yeah. It's completely valid. Yeah, yeah. I could have never seen you again. Right. And if somebody asked me, I'd be like, me and Josh are very close. We're besties. He's doing awesome. I know all about his life, yeah. Finally, I don't even know what had to just happen in order for you to just settle. They don't even know. They don't appreciate it. I have no idea. Oh, cheers. Oh, cheers, yes, thank you. So we're on this date with the camera and a mic. Hey! And it was my first reel. This little bit of effort. It took a long time, girl. Don't come at me like that. The outfit changes. The angling, all that stuff. The editing. Do you know what I'm happy to see? You liked your own reel. Of course. We're gonna go through these cards. Let's do it. Okay, should I be worried? Are they like really personal or? I don't know. I don't know. Maybe you should be worried. We're gonna find out. What's going on, lovers and friends? I just want to take a quick second to shout out Audible, who is the sponsor of this video. Audible is the leading provider of spoken word entertainment from best sellers, new releases, celebrity memoirs, languages, business, motivation, and so much more. Plus you could find the game of desire on there. It's my wife's audio book, read by her. Shoot, if you love audio, you'll love Audible. So if you haven't checked them out by now, give the 30-day free trial a try. Visit Audible.com slash Shambudy to start listening now, or if you're in the U.S., you can text Shambudy to 500-500 again, that's Audible.com slash Shambudy, or text Shambudy to 500-500. What's on it? All right, I'm gonna ask you first then. Okay. Since you sound all brave. Let's do it. Boy, it's getting deep in there. No one understands my relationship too. Okay, that's easy. My relationship too. How is it easy for John to blink? I know. I finally have some clarity about. It is so hard for me in the moment to admit or to accept what this other person is telling me. I do say, I will say that on the flip side of that, I do have a gift that if you give me five minutes to just think about our conversation, I usually will come back with a more reasonable response. Clarity, the first thing that I thought of was clarity on the fact that, and it ties into talking about the people that betrayed me and stuff. I took a part in it, even the times and the situations where I was like, I did nothing to deserve that. There was some way that I was moving at that time in my life that I don't want to say I deserved anything, but I can see how I contributed. Family gatherings bring up. Can you go first? Because I answered first last time. Okay, good. I think for me, family gatherings bring up the old version of me, which is fun and nostalgic in some ways because the old version of me is like a gong show, a mess, doesn't know how to do anything incapable, unreliable. So I'm kind of like the like, that's just Shannon. Like that's my family personality, I feel like. That's so crazy. I never, I would have never guessed that. Do you see me as the pinnacle of being poor? Perfection? Yes. The pinnacle of perfection. The pinnacle of Leva. Come on, fam. What's your answer? Kind of similar to that, I would say my past relationships. It's not something that gets brought up a lot, but it is something that stands out to me when I'm hanging out with them. I'm like, why are we talking about this? Like, I'm in a new point in my life now. Why is there a necessity to bring up something from my past? I've always wondered if it's normal to. What is normal? What you got? I've always wondered, and I'm gonna get spicy here. So. Is it gonna get weird? It's gonna get weird. Okay. A little bit. I like that. I've always wondered if I was the only guy who likes his nipples to be licked. You're definitely not. Okay. I feel normal now. What about you? You gotta answer their question. What's normal or what's not normal? So it's something that I've actually inquired with women about, right? So that it might just be too personal, but a woman washing her vagina, okay? I've always wondered if the way that I wash my vagina is normal because I ask girls and they say, they don't do that, but I just feel like it's the right way to do it. So I think that girls just wash it over and I go in. No, I mean, I don't have a vagina, so I don't know. You don't? No. I mean, here's the thing. There's a lot of women who follow this channel so they will probably answer and they'll be like, yeah. Okay. They're gonna go in there. So we can have them let us know if it's normal. You can't really answer. I can't, yeah. There's nothing I can do for you. All I know is that you can use. I need to let go of. Uh, can you go first? Okay. This is a tough question. Yes, this is a tough question. Gosh, you know what it is? Because every answer that I'm thinking of, I know I shouldn't share. Because the whole thing with I need to let go of, it's something that you're ashamed to be holding onto. So I'm like- And I don't want people to use it on me. I don't want it to be used on me. Yeah, family. Yeah. I think that's probably the perfect answer. But I do have, like, I need to make peace with, definitely, I think mom guilt.   I thought you were talking about like your personal, like your own mom. Like your personal mom. You know what? Actually, I did let go of that this year.  She's like, wait a minute, she's like- And now I genuinely see me and my mom have a good relationship. Wow. But she came- Have you guys had this conversation? I'm sure. Kind of sort of. Oh, interesting. Mine's similar. I have a resentment towards like my father that I feel like I need to let go of. Yeah. Because like, I really don't need to have it, you know? And it's just, I'm just kind of holding on to it because it, this is weird to admit, but it kind of feels good to like just kind of, I feel like I have something over him right now that I can kind of use as leverage. I realized that we are very similar and I have my own issues and stuff. And he's only, he's just been trying to be human just like me.  Like it was never an attack towards me. Like he never really did anything to hurt me. He did towards my mother and I took that personally, but nothing was ever done towards me, you know? And I kind of just took that personally. So- Does he care about you? Yes, he does. Yeah, I think so. I think so. Yeah. I lose all willpower when it comes to- Hey. This is not that controversial, but I lose all willpower when it comes to bread. Like I love- Like baked warm bread. Yeah, I love- I love bread. I lose all willpower when, there's this thing that I really like that men do like on my back. Is it like a crush?  Oh. So too much. No. I lose it. That's much. Like I have, I swear I go until like my back starts looking like I'm breaking it. Yeah, yeah. So it's like a gentle kissing. Yeah. So it's not like a full doggy style. Like it's almost like we're flat on each other. Yeah. Okay. Yeah. And if you go to my neck and my back, it's like I lose it. Like my body is like jello. Yeah. The only time that my body is like full jello. That's it. So how was it, babe? Welcome back. It was cool. It was a vibe. All right. Well, thank you very much for tuning this exercise and for always being down to be a part of my crazy ideas. Yes. And if you have yet to get yourself an audible membership, you're actually in luck because you can start out for free 99. I started out as a paying customer. I didn't know this thing even existed back in the day. So don't be like me. Get a little come up right now. Go to the info box, click that link audible.com slash Shan Booty. Or if you are in the United States of America, you can easily just text the word Shan Booty to the number 500 500. And that's going to get you access to your 30 day free trial, which will allow you to pick any audio book of your choosing. Plus you get access to audible pluses and entire catalog for that month. What are you laughing? That was the most Canadian thing I've ever heard. If you're in the United States of America, could have just said if you're in the US. What's going on everybody? Back again. What's so dope about audible is as a member, you get one credit every month. Good for any title in their entire premium section. Plus what you use with your credit is yours to keep forever in your audible library. They also have audible plus catalog where members get filled with thousands and thousands of audio books, original entertainment, guided fitness and motivation, sleep tracks for better rest and podcast. I love audible. If you haven't checked them out by now, give the 30 day free trial to try. Visit audible.com slash Shan Booty to start listening now. Or if you're in the US, you can text Shan Booty to 500 500. Again, that's audible.com slash Shan Booty or text 500 500. Thank you.  Baby don't lie. I got you dripping in a Tesla.  I just checked, I got a checker.  Don't lie. Don't lie. Don't lie. Don't lie. Don't lie. I can't help but flex it all. I can't help but flex it all.