Welcome folks. This is Tom O'Brien of TFNN. We have five days a week, we go seven hours a day, we go 24 hours a day on the internet at TFNN.com. Always remember folks, whatever you think about, you bring about whatever you focus on, grow, so everyone's having a great day, safe day, making a great night, folks. Don't make assumptions. Communicate with clarity. Communicate with others as clearly as you can be to avoid misunderstanding, make sadness and drama. If all humans would communicate with impeccability of the word, all our relationships would change. There'd be no wars, no violence, no misunderstandings. Those last three lines would be pretty cool, but pretty tough. Mind-wise, let's take a look at it out here. We have the Dow Industries up 184 and EZEC up 67, S&P's up 718.5. Gold. Gold contract trading up $12 at 2052 an ounce. We have Silver up 21 cents, $24.32 an ounce. Light Sweet Crew up 97 cents, $73.44 a barrel, notes and bonds. Ten year note, up four ticks, trading 112, 30 year up 10 ticks, at $123.18 and $king dollar. $king dollar's trading down 368 ticks, 102, 193, Euro 109, yen 143.96 and the British around $127 to one US dollar. Our phone number's<PHONE_NUMBER>. Give us a call, folks. Want to know what's going on in your world? And the world of the S&P's, let's take a look at it. Let's look at the futures first and see where we're at here, intraday. Because we know we're stretched, that's the bottom line, but the bottom line is that we've got an ABC structure on the way up. We're coming to the end of the year. So let's just take a look at this intraday and see where we're at here. So if we take a look at this intraday, okay, so we've had no volume all day right there, yeah. So this market here, so we've hit a high of $40.817 and the S&P's, you get a low of $47.87. Right where we are right now, this is where we're going to bounce, man. They can see this, this is where we were this morning. This is the last time, is it right there? What is that? It's a little bit lower. So that's actually $4807 here, pull this across here. There it is right there, you know. Yeah, I can get down to that, but you know, you'll bounce right out of there again. Well, my take is we're going to run into close again. That's how this shakes out, because there's not a lot to basically, you know. Right now, what you have folks is you're in a momentum market. And momentum markets, particularly at the end of the year, you're just going to run. And the X100, we take a look at the end of the X100, same type of setup inside the end of the X. We take a look at the three Qs, Qs are up $1.32 right now. That's an ABC structure up to $4.34. If we do the same exercise, I suspect it's going to get us the same bar because that's how it normally runs. So we'll take a look at the future here and there it is right there. Yeah, that's it right there. Yeah, we just pulled down to the last, well, it's right there actually, right there. Let's see, okay. So there it is right there. We almost pulled down to last time with any volume on the move. And you can see down at the bottom here, we didn't get down with volume either. We're not going up with volume, not down with volume. But that just says they're going to run it down the end, meaning coming in. We go to the, well, here, no, you know what I want to do first. Just to show you, this ABC market is insane. A, a firm, now check this out, AFRM. Now this is the thing that's really wild about this. This is the financial company that is at all checkouts now. And I actually was at, I got a little tiny variety store up the street for me. And this wasn't a firm, but there's someone else that as a company like that at the checkout, so imagine you can buy milk and bread and that the bottom line is you can pay for it later. Now this is, this isn't an ABC up. And the news out here today is that a firm just made a deal with Walmart and it's going to be at the self-checkout lines, okay? That's why you see this thing up $7.5 today, okay? When you take a look at it, it's an ABC structure up. It's taking the B point out, taking it up with volume, has all of the above. You put this on the weeklies, what you're going to see is that, yeah, it's a stock that has got destroyed, and guess what? It's come off those lows, however, you built a huge base.  So bottom line, was that even if you turn around and say, okay, what is a 0.382 retracement? Well, a 0.382 is quite large here, it's like 70 bucks, at $73. And the ABC structure on this is about 70 bucks, so there's ABCs all over the place, folks. Going to the note and bond market, we take a look at the 10-year. The 10-year right now, really, you get a sideways move out here, up five ticks. You don't have, you can see, yesterday we came down with no volume, today you're going up with no volume. Gold, gold's performing on, if we'd have a gold, this would be needed with gold. The bottom line is that it pulled back, it had done what it should have done on the pullback, now we're starting to get some action. And I suspect we're up 12.20, and that high volume, that we had, that's when it spiked and then gave it up in spades. That's going to be the first move, the next move, bottom line is going to be with conviction, and what that is all about is that that's a monthly ABC structure on the way up to the 2,500 mark. And then if we go to the dollar and you take a look at the dollar, what you see in here, the dollar just couldn't hold price three days. And you can kind of see this, see how it's under that whole deal? So we came down fast and furious, you did a counter-trend bounce, it broke the swing, it tried to get above the swing for four days, it tried it this morning too, couldn't handle it, that's just telling me that it's going to be another run right down to this 99 area, if that's what you get, bottom line. That's when you're going to see the S&P move higher, that's when you see the commodities move higher, and it's all about the dollar, man. That's it, it comes down to that, it's a cut and dry deal, man, that's just pretty amazing. Some of the higher volume equities that we have out here today, you have Teslas up $4.5, Affirms, one of the big ones, that's up $7.5. You get, let's see, inside the NDX 100, the strength versus the weakness inside the NDX, Aluminum is up 7%, you got Sirius Satellite up four, Moderna's up four, Walgreens up three, taken away from it. Vertec is down one, you get NVIDIA off 1%, and other than that, man, there's not much selling out here, that's for sure. Dow, Dow Industries right now trading up about 90 Nasdaqs up 75, S&Ps are up 20, stay right there folks, we're going to come back with our man, Mr. Basil Chap, and we are talking markets. And on the break, folks, Basil is doing a workshop for his subscribers, okay? You can be a subscriber right here right now, just go over to our website. You're going to see it right under featured content, you can sign up now, and Basil's going to be explaining what exactly he's going to be teaching, stay right there folks, come right back.


Roedd ydych chi'n gwneud y dyfodol yng Nghymru yn ymddiadol a'r ffordd i gyfrifedigolion mewn gwirionedd i'r ymdiliadau cerddurau o'r Ffraeg Cymru yn ymdiliadau presidenciaeth yliau'r Ffraeg Cymru yn ymdiliadau cyffredigol i ymdiliadau Cymru.  Mae'n gweithio i'n gweithio i'n gweithio â'r cyfnod o'r cyfnod i'r cyfnod i'r cyfnod i'r cyfnod, miss the many I'm curious how did he move from the PDP to the Labour Party I have seen that you've listed a couple of things that you think would help your candidates win what did you and Peter Albiey oppose? Mae Rhan. Rwy'n mynd i ddaeth o'i Llandscape lu yn ei ddweud y penedigau. Mae yna ddim sgwrs wedi ddim yn llunio'r ynnig yn rhaglodd. Mae'n mynd i ddweud ei gyrhwyd meddwl. Mae'n ffrindiau a'r hyn i bryd. Mae'r ddweud yn bwysigonio'n Mytha Pytawolbyd. Mae'n ni ddaeth ddaeth yn credu gynnig i brifioedd y Llepor Peth. y Llywodraeth Llywodraeth. A hynny'n gweld i mi ddweud â'r holl bach i gynnwys y byddai. Gwyddech chi'n gwybod bod penderfyniad y PPP, rwy'n fawr i gyddo i fynd bod ymlaen i ni, Mr Peter Obey. Rwy'n gweithio hwn o'r rhaid i gael y cyfoedd ffordd arall i roedd o ddechreu. Rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio'r holl bach i gael y mynd i wneud. We are doing this because, like I said in various fora, Mr Peter would be inspired the most confidence among Nigerians of having the capacity to address the biting issues that are confronting us today, issues of insecurity, issues of the economy, issues of job creation for young people. Mr Peter would be inspired the best confidence among Nigerians. This is why we are throwing our support behind Mr Peter. So it's not necessarily about being members of the Labour Party, but it's a hybrid kind of politics. Now, you know of the recent position of the unambra estate governor and former central bank governor, his position on Peter Albi, he's saying that he made a lot of, you know, insinuations that he's not necessarily who we think he is. Now, I'm also going to pose a question to you. Why do you think that Peter Albi has the solution? Because, you know, I just finished talking to members of the PDP and the APC and they're going back and forth with each other as to who did what and who didn't. But we know how bedeviled we are on every side, whether it be on the economy, you know, insecurity, there's a lot to be done. And Peter Albi is one guy. Don't forget, you still have the APC and the PDP who are the majority at the National Assembly and the Legislature, knowing also that this could also become a frustration of sorts if your man were to win. Can he stand alone and do the job? Because that's the question that is on the average critic's mind. It's very easy to do with that. And I'll tell you why. It's because fundamentally democracy is about government being of the people, by the people and for the people. So there's no political party which by itself would command huge followership who command the respect of Nigerians. And let me explain, let me take this in a different light. There's nothing to really bother about, there's nothing to bother about Mr Peter Albi commanding the respect, the influence, the followership of Nigerians because fundamentally when he wins he would have the mandate of our people. And if Mr Peter Albi has the mandate of our people it means that in the National Assembly the members of the National Assembly would also respect the wishes of Nigerians. So it's not about Mr Peter Albi going on this alone. It's about Nigerians who are backing Mr Peter Albi. It's about Nigerians who are giving voice and giving life to the campaign across the country. It's not just about one man. It's about Nigerians who are backing him. The fears and concerns being expressed in certain quarters that when Mr Peter Albi wins he would likely be impeached in the National Assembly because it would be one man in Labour Party and you have a National Assembly that would be majorly composed of people from the APC or PDP. For me there's much to fear but there's much to be concerned about that because fundamentally you have Nigerians backing Mr Peter Albi and the National Assembly itself cannot be oblivious of that fact.  Now let's not forget that he came from these same political parties that we seem to be pointing fingers at. He came not just from the PDP. He came from APCA to the People's Democratic Party and then now he's moved to Labour Party. He has been part of this PDP government that many have said for 16 years had put Nigeria in a rot. And now of course he's now with the Labour Party so can we really totally just separate him from a party. I mean many people would say let's talk about him as a governor but then there's a soludo on the other side saying well all of those things you said he did. Money that he invested for a number of states. I don't see it. Those things are just window dressing. So again why should the average Nigerian throw their weight behind the Peter Albi. What is the assurance that he can bring Nigeria out. Let's not forget in 2015 it seemed like a watershed moment and everybody thought that there was a saviour that was coming to save us but here we are almost eight years down the line. We're singing almost the same song. Anybody but. So why should we again throw our weight behind your candidate. Fantastic. Currently Nigerians are throwing their weight behind Mr Peter Albi because they believe that he's the most qualified. They believe that he has the best character. They believe that he has the best message. They believe that he has the best. Like I said from the beginning he inspires the best confidence amongst the three leading candidates of having the capacity to address the cheating problems be deviling our country. Now if you look at Mr Peter Albi and look at Annan Brastit you've gotten the issue of the current governor of Annan Brastit. The last time I spoke about this I said Mr Chukumasoludo the governor of Annan Brastit has a right to hold his opinion but what we cannot take away from the issue is that indeed Mr Peter Albi invested in Annan Brastit made investments in Annan Brastit which brought returns. No government has come. Not even Mr Chukumasoludo has come to say he did not bring those investments. In this country it's very difficult to find public officials who are not identified with corruption. Mr Chukumasoludo has not said Mr Peter Albi is identified with corruption and that's a big issue any day, any time. So these are the sort of reasons that inspire Nigerians to back Mr Peter Albi.  So whether this will lead to victory at the elections is a different conversation. Talking about the victory let's talk about the winning because I have a very little time. How does he intend to win because again he seems to have some form of following whether on social media on ground in the south's east or the south's south. But when you begin to go up to the middle belt and the north the politics begins there. How does he intend to open the doors that are shot in front of him already? And because this is where the votes are the north carries most of the votes whether we like it or not. There is some percentage and you need to steal from that. Absolutely. Looking at the landscape, the political landscape of Nigeria, Mr Peter Albi has his comfort zones. The south east south south is going to battle the south west with the candidate of the all progressive congress. In the north I can tell you that we are making inroads because across the country we have people who are organizing. Every day people are on the ground building a mass of followers supporting Mr Peter Albi. At the corner there are places in Zamfara, in Sokoto where there is no semblance of government. When I say no semblance of government even local government because those areas have been taken over by militias. But we still find a way to get into those nooks and crannies because of the wider field that Mr Peter Albi has. So if we can be having this kind of access in the corner why should we be afraid about winning the elections? Well, I want to say thank you. I wish I had more time so we could go into the percentages and the figures. But I will have you back here soon as the campaign season continues to unfold itself and we'll talk more about your candidates. Orrhae, said frankly, is a former senior special assistant to Governor Ysynwiki of River State. A pleasure. Same here, thank you very much. Thank you so much. Well, that's the show tonight and we are always reminding you that you need to go and pick up your PVC because that is your passport to the Nigeria that you desire. But if you've missed any bit of our shows, please go to Plus TV Africa or Plus TV Africa Lifestyle and watch all of our shows and don't forget to subscribe. We leave you with the highlights of the week this week. My name is Mary Anna Cohn. Have a beautiful evening. But in 2014, the thinking of it is leadership was that Nigeria economic or Nigeria state was not terrible or was not bad. But the moment we took over a mantle of leadership, we discovered that the problem was more still than we thought. And which means Nigerian structure was a very stable one, which requires holistic restructuring, holistic approach to various talent list that will be doubling our nation. I won't equally forget that between 2016 and 2021, the entire world faced a lot of economic challenges. That period, the price of oil was at the lowest head, beautiful for COVID-19. That arrived in the whole world in 2019, in 2022, as well as a global economic recession, which was actually having an effect on our Nigeria state. And these are the challenges that are inherent and we should give that government credit for being able to ensure that Nigeria remains a nation to be reckoned with. This government has been able to put in place, compared what the government put in place in the last 16 years to give to those in this government. So performing wonder, that's why the challenges economically, situation wise, and politically, that the government had witnessed, the government was able to ensure that lives of Nigeria are taught. I'm concerned, it is not in the constitution that says which is not the federal constitution. Are we following it? No. The local government autonomy and the judicial autonomy is the constitution. Are we following it? No. There is a law in the constitution that says finances to be paid less to them. That is not happening. It is not the constitution that says people should be appointed from one particular set of the country. It is not the constitution that says you must be unfair to certain categories of people, or you must treat certain people fairly or not fairly. It is not in the constitution. So if an assassin is consigned, if you will implement the constitution the way it is today, 40% of the population that is consigned, Nigeria will be at the level. So as an assassin is consigned, our problem is not the constitution. Our problem is those who will implement and impose the constitution to suit their own personal interests. This problem, this conspiracy of subjecting the Nigerians into hardship didn't start today. In 1973, Gowan increased on price from 6 Kobo to 8 Kobo 45. Gowan, when Moritala came, Moritala increased it to 9 Kobo. And when OBJ first time came, he increased it to 15 Kobo. And of course when Shagari came, he jumped start to 20 Kobo. And then when IBB jumped in, it increased to 70 Kobo. OBJ second coming, jumped it from 70 Kobo to 75 Naira. Look at the gap. The only person that has the interest of Nigeria up to today that I look up and I say that is the only person that can call my present year a doer, who came in and reduced the pump price from 75 to 65 Naira. But when Jonathan came, the spirit continued. What is it that ordinary Nigerians can benefit in this country? This is what God has given to us. Why can't we benefit from it? Why is it that we keep on saying the same thing, blaming games? Is there no way we can have what I call strategy thinking process? Is there no way we can have a planned process whereby we can think about it today, we can think about tomorrow?


Thank you all for having me. I wrote this piece about a better part of two years ago now. I was overseas at the time and I was feeling homesick and it came out quite organically in that respect. It's called Place to Be. I'm born of England, but you're adopted son if you'll have me. 13 years here held in place by New Zealand gravity. It's down to earth. We're the second verse to anthems yet unwritten. The youngest the country smitten in the throes of a first love affair with all that which grows and all those who care and in refracted glare of sunlight through water in a history in which we are all the authors because we are bucket bongs and bob marley songs along the peninsula of the Coromandel where politicians and jandals in a nation of vandals committed to tearing apart these old world standards and we are Alpine climbs and street corner rhymes and Moabra wines tied up in a long stranded coastline that entwines us, binds us, defines us as sanity in a world steadily going mad questions less press and found inside beer bottle caps if you read between the fault lines on the map you'll find us attached to the edge of the earth the sky impregnated the sea into us they gave birth as we are more the squat cage unless the bench press as I need to impress isn't to the same extent that we need strong legs to carry us onwards and upwards we're a nation that crest mountains in hillary steps New Zealand is never land to the lost boys of england and scotland and island she's a foster mother we are australia's younger better-looking brother the pacific the pacific's best kept secret beneath cloud cover and we are the blood of colonial adventurers and warrior tribes runs through our veins on the inside which is why we glide through world cut games big guys punching well above their weight and it'll be faker me to pretend I understand rugby but even I can see the majesty in the 1995 tri when joined around through an entire side like a bullet from a gun leaving english fullbacks shocked and stunned to fear new zealand four years to come to fear the speed at which big men run revere the seeds that we sprung from fear the fire the first men stole from the sun because we are long days after hard nights handshakes after fist fights despite losing our guys in 1915 we built monuments to aditurk because we respect him that sportsmanship to the greatest degree between the agian and the black c we made an ally out of an old enemy destination bled for its place in the world willingly as the turk baptized and fired the kiwi and we are history and in control of cracks and boulders older than written scrolls or hobbit holes or severed stumps of flag poles we coast the west coast on a half tank and a spare tire we patch up broken hearts with duct tape and number eight wire and we're leaving Londoners thinking what the fuck because we're saying thank you from the back of the bus and covering absolutely everything in tons of ketchup there's a side of love on our bit of rough but this is a nation that taught me to be blunt we are little boys from otra without a packed lunch so let's share this slice of heaven before we consume so these words I say can stay true to the tune as we are pretty clear on what's good and evil don't send our soldiers overseas to go and hurt people instead our army of students with spades in Christchurch Cathedral a million hands out stretched to protect the feeble speaking of broken steeples as a people we rebuild equal if not greater than it was before because our history is more than broken buildings anyway our history is built in the people who survive in the remains often our claim is to have led the world and the women's vote in 1993 not trying to rock the boat but it was backfiring policy of richard said and caused the accidentally don't don't forget decades of protest by shepard and her contemporaries that's beautiful to me achieving perfection unintentionally like it's meant to be like the currents in the sea that carried coupé to land on an artéro a beach and build our foundations in evergreen trees as we are parents who fought apartheid grandparents who defied social norms great grandparents who died on the beaches of Gallipoli against machine guns and dysentery for the better world I think we now define that's right that's pride that shines like the beacons of gondor I've been yonder too long and it's when you're gone you remember what's on these shores but I'm back now strong dropped my backpack at the door because these islands are worth crossing oceans for thank you thank you thank you


Nicaragua is the second poorest country in Latin America. The agricultural sector counts for 20% of GDP and 29.5% of employment, but its performance is highly influenced by the country's vulnerability to climatic events. This severely threatens coffee and cocoa production, in turn affecting national exports and the livelihood of smallholder farmers. The government of Nicaragua, with the support of IFAD, is responding to these challenges by strengthening the coffee and cocoa value chains to address climate change, with the adapting to changing markets and the effects of climate change projects. NIC ADAPTER El FIDE is present in Nicaragua from the 1980s, from various programs that have consolidated an attention of approximately 400,000 people. The government has recently asked us to focus on two rubles, coffee and cocoa. On the one hand, coffee represents the main engines of the country's economy, with a strong presence of small producers. Around 80% of the quality production is produced by small producers. Well, yes, among the areas of cocoa, I have a coffee culture in combination. The culture is what the two rubles are, coffee and cocoa. But above all, in the two cultures we have had a lot of damage because of the disease, that when there is a lot of water, a lot of rain, then that attracts a lot of disease. Because for example, this year there was a lot of ruin in what was the coffee, there was a roll, and that roll made it a lot to bring them to production. Before there were no such diseases as there are now, but before the coffee we sowed it like this and we didn't have a lot of problems. So now comes the challenge, how do we look at the part of the diseases? That is a very big problem, because we try to sow the plant, to cultivate it well, but suddenly the climate changes have been affecting us in these years, more this year right now. It is crossing that problem right now, that I guess we have 60% of damaged coffee. Also many people who migrate to Costa Rica to look for jobs, right? We have all been affected in the food sector, in the economic sector, in the health sector, in the educational sector, for the children we cannot send them to school and we do not have an economic resource. Climate change has also affected the availability of water. The water in the wet-benefit process is key to the process and it has had to implement some actions, such as water harvest capture, so that the producers can have important resources to carry out the wet-benefit process. So it also makes sense, it also needs to work in the water harvest at the level of wells. Currently, in the production sector, we have a challenge to improve the areas of the producers, of the small producers who have been affected a lot by talking about it. Also, they, many of their areas are old-fashioned and need to be renovated, so it also needs to be inverted in that part, because there is no program that supports that part and is vital so that the producers can get better performance and therefore improve their economic situation. This great challenge has led us to focus and develop what we have called the NICADAPT project. A project of around $ 37 million, with a fee of $ 24 million, of which 8 came from a new fund, the ASAP fund, intended specifically for the environmental issues. My root growth here, mainly at the beginning, was coffee. I was convinced that it was not only possible to depend on a single crop, but also on the diversification and especially now, because with the climate change we have had a lot of serious problems with coffee. Yes, through the capacity, we also realized that the cocoa was a rubro that adapted to the low areas, where coffee has a lot of difficulties for the harvest. The project is fundamentally focused, to be more effective, we focus on families. We focus on families looking for diversification, as a way of improving the capacity of the producer to adapt to the climate change. The food diversification, which can ensure their food through the crops, as different types of trees that exist, different fruit trees that exist, but also traditional crops. The important thing is that the producer manages different activities in front of these effects. Yes, it is clear that, as a producer, we need support, especially in more capacity, in financing, to have a real development and thus maintain the whole family in a better situation, to have a better support, to have organized work, and to have support to produce more, and to be fighting the diseases of the plants, financing, a channel to sell the product better, because here it is sold at a very low price. In the first instance, we have the local market, which in this case, the Ritter company is one of the companies that is buying a lot of cattle in the country, and is managing a very good price. But in parallel to that, our intention is to be able to sell outside the country, to access new markets that have a better price. For that, we have to improve the production levels of our partners. There are producers that run between 6 and 8 plants per apple, with the work plans that we are expecting, because the idea is that they can raise those production levels to 12 plants, to 20 plants, to 22 plants per apple. As you said, they require volumes, they require quality. The cooperative, as a form of integration of the small producers, allows us to reduce the costs of transaction that involve these to access markets. This is our main strategy, to base ourselves on these, and also to favor with new issues that we are promoting in FIDA, which is to directly function, let's call it a kind of brokerage. We also think that at least about 25,000 families are going to increase their income by 20%. We also think that other 40,000 families are going to introduce technological innovations that allow us to increase the production of cattle, the production that we think is at least an increase of 15-20% in the next 5 years. We also think about investing in roads, investing in infrastructure around about 100 different types of investment in roads that allow us to improve market access. In this way, we think that it is our contribution to the development of the country and these families. With the support of FIDA, we have to look for what I have focused on a lot, to work more in the primary part to improve performance, but also to work on the part of adding processes, adding value and strengthen those capacities that already exist, but that with another level to develop. I think that FIDA here, with FIDA projects and with those new ones that are there, it is clear that the goal is to pursue, for us, it must be a project that we should be working on more in order to develop the families as such. So I consider that if we have to continue advancing, working and looking for those goals that are pursued, they are transferred to something very real, which is the case of the families that work in the field.


Hi, I'm Zor. Welcome to Ungezer education. I would like to continue talking about light From the perspective of energy, which it carries So this is the second lecture in this category The first one I was trying to introduce you to a concept of light Among other related to radiation, etc. concepts. Now I will talk about light from how we Understand the nature of light from historical perspective. So this will be lecture about the very first attempt to understand what actual light is Now this lecture is part of the course presented On Ungezer.com. The name of the course is physics 14 14s Yes, there is a prerequisite course, which is math for teens on the same website. All courses are free. There are no ads so you can freely use them and If you have found this lecture somewhere else like on the YouTube for instance searching it I would still suggest you to go to the website and approach the whole thing from the whole course Perspective because this lecture is part of the course Which means there is some logical connection between this lecture and the previous one and the following one, etc And again as I was saying there is a prerequisite course, which is also on the website. So go to the website Ungezer.com Okay, so Today we will talk about the first attempt to understand what light actually is Well, let me just make a little philosophical X curse How do we build our understanding of anything which is in in the nature around us? Well, we built the model So we are assuming that things are such and such and then we're trying to make some logical Relations relations between this model and some other models. We are trying to analyze whether this particular model explains qualitatively and quantitatively certain realities which we observe and if it does well, it means that the model kind of works and We are using this model to predict even certain qualities of whatever the subject of our research is and Again, if later on we will realize that yes these qualities which we have predicted Really do exist as well. Well, that's the confirmation that the model is right But again, we're only talking about the model How it is in reality? It's it's a big question We don't really know but our models might represent quite well in some cases What the reality is for example Newtonian mechanics? Represented quite well, whatever we are observing as far as motion around us. Well, when we were approaching certain Boundaries we have found out that not not exactly Things not exactly the same as predicted by Newtonian mechanics The relativistic mechanics came along then when we went to microscopic Structure of the matter. We also have found out that our model is licking certain things Which we observe and we needed some explanation. We built new models So we are talking about modeling of what actual light is in the first one the model which Was developed by Newton. Well develop. Maybe it's a strong Word he just Suggested that maybe the light is such and such and then he was trying to explain whether certain qualities of light can be Basically related to whatever the model he has built So what's his model? Well, the model is that the light Represents it is basically consists of very small particles. So if this is the source of light So these small particles are Caring basically the light and they are coming into human eye for instance and They hit the the back of the eye the retina whatever. I don't know if they understood what retina actually is at the time Anyway, they hit the eye Which agitates nerves and then it goes to the brain and we feel it We sense it as as the light now It was a natural kind of a way of thinking about light at the time. Don't forget It was before we knew anything about electricity for instance or The the electric bulb or whatever so So that was basically his hypothesis now all these tiny Pogicles of light he called them corpuscles corpuscles and the whole theory was called corpuscular corpuscular theory of light corpuscular based on corpuscles All right, so corpuscular Theory of light is basically a very mechanical view onto light. So if every particular Particles, I'll rather use particles instead of corpuscles So every particular Particle of light it has certain mass it has speed It has size It has kinetic energy. I mean that was all very as I was saying Mechanistic type of type of approach which Newton has suggested All right, so now he has to explain with this model Different things which we are observing about the light. So our sense of light. He did explain great now How can We explain the different colors for instance Well the explanation which Newton has suggested was that these particles have different sizes now every size Agitates our Cells in in the written in different ways and that's why we perceive it as different colors Well, that's a plausible explanation All right, so the colors are explained also There is a very simple explanation of Reflection for instance if you have the beam of light here and this is the mirror it reflects So basically the light particle behaves like elastic little ball. So it's elastic Reflection nothing wrong with that seems to be working fine Okay now There is another very important aspect which Newton observed That's a refraction. So if you have for instance air and water And there is a light here Then It changes direction and yes, that was obviously observed many times How to explain this Well the suggestion which Newton actually made was that different medium in this case air and water for instance They are basically slowing down these Particles of light in different ways So he suggested that the change of the speed of of these Corpuscles these particles of light Is the reason why the angle is changing when this particular event occurs So that's a refraction If with a reflection the model of elastic ball really works quite well With the refraction It's not exactly as clear at least to me That different speed can explain the change of the angle, but that was his explanation All right What else well Another thing which he basically observed was that the white color is the combination of different Elementary colors like red green blue, etc. Now the way how to observe it was to To Send the light through a prism right so we know if this is the prism And if this is the white light Then it goes to different colors Something with blue Something with red green Etc So how can that be explained well this is basically a a refraction So the the light goes in different ways different Particles since they have different masses different sizes They are Refracted differently at on at each Boundary between the air and the and the glass for instance So that was his explanation which might work actually Now I would like to devote certain Amount of time in this lecture to explain why this model is really insufficient And there are certain known at that time or almost at that time Things about light which the theory cannot really explain Which basically makes this theory Kind of insufficient All right, so right now I will talk about certain things which we observe with the light which just cannot be explained using this particular uh Corpuscular theory of light. Okay, here they are I will mention three of them and there are others actually Now the first thing is It's called Defraction if you have a very small Hole and you put the light Then what you will see on this screen Well, if you will look from this side, this is your screen And this is how light goes What's interesting is you will see concentric circles with changing from Bright to dark, bright to dark, bright to dark, etc. It's called defraction well Obviously corpuscular theory cannot explain this particular Case of property of light So the light somehow By just going through this particular hole. It's a small hole supposed to be then It goes somehow in different ways And again the dark Are areas are changing Uh with the light one So this is the view from here This is the light And this is how the hole experiment Now this is called defraction And it looks like something is happening on the H of this hole and the smaller the hole The more Visible these concentric circles are Now in the notes for this lecture and by the way, I forgot to mention it But every lecture on unizor.com has textual notes and certain references. So Among the Notes the notes for this particular lecture Contains a picture how this thing really Uh looks like when there is a red light And the red light actually when it's going through this small hole produces this picture of bright red and and dark concentric circles. So this cannot be explained by the Newtonian corpuscular theory And that was one of the reasons for well developing some other things which we will talk about in next lecture Okay, the next experiment which again defies the corpuscular theory Is interference now interference is if you have two holes And you have light here What's interesting is that we will have certain waves again dark and light Areas on the screen which you have here Again in my notes, I have a picture how it looks in reality. I'm just explaining this but You will see there. Obviously if I had certain equipment here, I would be able to present it to you I don't have any equipment. It's purely theoretical course, but picture always Works, so I present the picture over there And I'm sure you can find Many many different examples on on youtube etc. How these Interference pictures are developed So this is another Property of light which cannot be explained By corpuscular theory. I mean if the corpuscular theory was right then all you would see here Was on the screen One bright spot and another bright spot and everything else would be dark around it, right? But in reality It's very very complicated Interference pictures so to speak Now the next and the last Experiment is the following Let's say you have a straight Ray of light Now let's position here a crystal of Thermal line It's some kind of a crystal. It's green If a green color, etc. Well the light goes there It becomes green actually, but then it goes no problems Now let's put another Thermal and thermal line crystal on on on its way. So we have two of them Well, if you're lucky, we will see the light goes through this again But now let's turn this So we will turn it around this axis which coincides with the With the light Well, we will see that this particular and this is a screen So we will see that light which is projected onto this screen Will actually change from from relatively bright To darker and darker and at some at some moment it disappears again And then as we continue rotating It will start getting brighter and brighter again. So the one rotation actually will result in changing from Bright to dark and then to bright again How can that be explained? In corpuscular theory, it's completely impossible The analogy Of this I can say the following If you have a slot And then you have a rope here, which you are rotating in all the different ways But it after it goes to a slot It will go only along the slot up and down up and down. So your circular rotation If there is no friction obviously After it goes through the slot all these circular rotations Turn to a flat Which corresponds to a slot, right? So it's called polarization of light. So it looks like this thing has a slot or somehow all the whatever Different Oscillation of light now i'm talking about oscillation of light, which means It's an introduction to the wave theory, which will be next lecture. So all the different movements within these Within this ray of light are somehow Going through something which is similar to this slot and that's why only these vertical, let's say Movements of these particles Are going through But then if this has a slot in exactly the same position it goes through, but if it will change it 90 degree obviously It will not go through a different slot right And there is no light here So it looks like we are talking about waves And that's exactly what can be an explanation of the Diffraction, which I was talking before Interference and in this case Polarization of light now this wave theory would be the subject of my next lecture And meanwhile, I just wanted to show certain Examples of certain properties of light which Most of I think they were known at the time of newton or at least at the end his career And and people realize that crepuscular theory Is not exactly a good model of what's happening With the light and again i'm talking about modeling Nobody's talking about how it is in reality. Nobody knows this But we are building models newton built his model of light as a crepuscular theory And it turns out to be insufficient So the next lecture will be about the next step And there will be the next step and the next step, etc so I just suggested to go to the unizord.com Read the explanation Notes actually which accompany this particular lecture. So you go to physics for teens Energy and there is an energy of light and this is a lecture about light light as corpuscles So thank you very much and good luck


What's up guys, my name is Michael and welcome to my YouTube channel. Today I'm going to explain to you how to compare two link lists to check if they are equal recursively. So here let's say I have this. Like close one, two, three, and this goes and all right. And then let's say I have this link list. One, two, and then four. Okay. And this goes and all. Well, first of all, what should I do? You should think about this. We're going to do this recursively because recursion is always easy for the link list. Okay, so let's say I'm going to do this recursively. I have the first list of one and the second list of one. All right, I'm going to keep calling next over and over and over again. And let's say I reached the end of the list. Okay, I reached the end of the list. I keep going next for both of these over and over again until I reach the end of the list. Well, if my first two nodes here are null, these are equal, right? Think about it. If they're null, then they're just going to be equal. So that's the base case, right? If they're null, then they're equal, right? If they're both or both of them know, then they're equal, right? Now let's say this, this, this wasn't null, right? So the second case is what if this was like a five, right? If this is a five, well, if this is a five and this is a null, then they're definitely not equal, right? This first list and the second one is definitely not equal. No matter what you do, you don't have to check the rest of the list because you know that these two are not equal at all, right? Because null, this one's own, this one's five. Okay, so if they're both known, we know they're equal. If one of this list is not null, then it's definitely not equal. Now, what if the other list is not null? Let's say this was null and this list was actually point to five, right? Then they're definitely, they're also not equal, right? Because this five is not equal to this null. Like this node, if we're just comparing this last node to five, compared this node, this node of null, it's definitely not equal, right? So if they're both null, we're going to return true, right? When we reach the end of the list, they're both know that we're going to return true, right? If we're both know that we're going to return true. If I, else if, otherwise, if one of them is null, or the other one is null, then we're returning false, right? If you think about it, like, if they're both know, we're going to return true. Now, if one of them is not null, otherwise, let's say they're not both know, one of them is not null, right? It's one of the points of five. Then we know it's going to be false, right? If this is not null, there's five. But also, if the other one's not know, so let's say if this is not know, this is five, then we're going to return false. So those are there are two base cases. If they're both know, we are going to return true. If either of them is not know, right? Either of them is equal to know, right? If either of them is equal to know, then we're going to return false, right? Now, what are we going to do next? Otherwise, we're going to then let's say they're both not know, right? Then let's say we get down to the next node. So let's say we're the stack just got pushed back and we're going to hear, right? Well, now we just have to check is, is our data at the null at the nodes, the nodes data for both of them are the equal. So if they are both are equal, then we're going to return true. Otherwise, if they're not equal, well, we're turning false, right? If they're both equal or true, otherwise, we're not returning false. Then we're just going to like recursively call this function and just return this one and this condition with the rest of the list. So we're just going to keep passing the null to the rest of the list and keep comparing doing this. So I'll show you guys what the code looks like for that. So here, if the first head is null, and the second head is null, then we're going to return true. Now, else, if, if either of them is null, like had one's null, or had two is null, then we're going to return false. And I explained to you guys why that's the case. If one of the other head is null, right, or the other head is null, right, then we're turning false. Because that means one of these is null pointer. And the other one, if they're one of these are null, we're turning false. Otherwise, we're going to come check the data. So we're going to return the heads data, making sure the heads data of the first heads data is equal to the second heads data. Okay. And once we do this, we also have to end this condition with the rest of the list. So we're going to check the rest of the list. Passing in next recursively calling compare lists, passing in the next heads next and head twos next over and over again. And yeah, that's basically basically the gist of this function. I hope you guys enjoy this video to quick tutorial on how to compare two link lists, rate com, subscribe. I'll check you guys later. Peace.


Hi, my name is Kaylin and I'm from LA, California. The problem that actually brought me here is the fact that I noticed that my life isn't what, how it should be. The things I got delivered for were unforgiveness from my family and just emotional abuse. The thing that was bringing on last night was Lord, I completely drove up this whole time that we're tormenting you and those illnesses.  A little while after my mom and I was repeating the prayer and I just started to cry and I started to shake. The next thing I know they're leading me towards the altar and they're praying for me and I'm manifesting and the demons are talking, they're not leaving, they're going to stay and the guy leaves me through a prayer and he tells me I can't be fully delivered until I fully forgive and he leaves me towards this prayer and through the prayer I forgive fully and at the end of the prayer I feel a relief. You're noticing that you have like an unforgiveness in your heart. You won't forgive, even if you think you don't forgive, you might have not because that's what happened to me and the second you notice it, when you notice it, start to renounce it and start to say that you forgive whoever you're not forgiving fully and just renounce and fully forgive. Make sure you do that because when you forgive, God can fully forgive you. Thank you for watching this testimony. If you or anybody that you know is interested in deliverance, we have a few opportunities here at Hungry Gen. We have our monthly digital deliverances. We also have monthly prayer lines that happen every last Sunday of the month and we host our yearly race to deliver conferences all over the USA. If you are interested in any more information, just go to HungryGen.com slash deliverance. Better it's not good enough, the best is yet to come.


If you fall in love itself, you become vulnerable to somebody. Without becoming vulnerable, there is no love affair. You have to fall. When you fall, somebody may raise you or somebody may walk over you. But the thing is, the experience of your life is beautiful because you fell, not because they raised you, not because they walked over you, because you could actually have the sense of abandoning you to fall. That was the beauty of your love affair.  The beauty was, you sat alone and you think you really love this person so much, you're willing to die. That was the most beautiful moment.   That was the moment.  I am not saying you should be like that. I am saying, where love transformed itself into devotion, if you fall in love itself, you become very vulnerable, but there is still some shreds of sanity in love affairs that you can recover. But if you become a devotee, there is no sanity left and you cannot recover. So before you trade such a land, you must see whether you offer it or not. What are your goals first of all? If your goal is to make a life, a cautioned, a very measured love affair is good. But your thing is, you want to dissolve into the process of life. You don't want to have a good life. You're not planning to have a good life. You just want to become an explosion of life. You don't care what you get and what you don't get. Then you become a devotee. A devotee means a devotion means, it's your intention to dissolve into the object of devotion.


Now here's who I'm going to try to get on it. I don't know, I don't think I can get any members of the court who want to try to. Want to try to get Alan Della. I'm going to try to get Senator Russell and Senator Cooper from the Senate. Oh, no, no, get some blood help, man. I know, wait a minute, I want to try to get the area forward. It's not going to take much time, but we've got to have states' rights, man, and somebody that the country has confidence in. And I'm going to have bogs as the end of the resolution over there. And I haven't talked to anybody about the membership, but you. But I would think that the forward and bogs would be pretty good. They're both pretty young men. And I think that Cooper's Republican and your good states' rights, man, I think it might get John McClellan, Alan Della, and maybe somebody in the court. Who would be the best if I didn't get the T? I understand none of the court. You went one-clockwise. I understand none of the court. I was going to say that I could disqualify him. Cooper tells me all three of these shots were aimed for the president. And that this telescopic sight would bring this thing up where you could just shoot a man that was as easy as you get a man sitting talking to you. I thought it was just a dumb thing. I thought it was a $21 gun, but he said he looked through the telescopic sight himself and said, Mr. President, I could hit a man on that street going 20 miles an hour. As easy as I could hit you sitting talking to you. That's his language. Okay, now... As you really think it'd be if something... I know it would be... I know you don't want to do anything, but I want you to. And I think that this is important enough, and you'll see why. Mr. President, I have to tell you of my emotions with you, but I just can't say them all. I highly honored you. Thanks about the introduction with you. I couldn't say that with you just before. And I don't like that man. I don't have any confidence in him, though I realize he's a much greater man in the United States than it is today. Almost anyone. And so you get John Stennis. He's a... Dick has already been announced, and you can serve with anybody for the good of America. And this is a question that has a good many more amplifications than on the surface. And we've got to take this out of the arena where they're testifying that Khrushchev and Castro did this and did that and kicking us into a war that can kill 40 million Americans in an hour. And you put on your uniform in a minute. Now, the reason I ask one is because he's a chief justice to this country. And we've got to have the highest judicial people we can have. The reason I ask you is because you have that same kind of temperament. And you can do anything for your country. And don't go to give me that kind of stuff about you can't serve with anybody. You can do anything. It's not only that. I just don't think a chief justice should have said it. Well, a chief justice ought to do anything he can to save America. And right now we've got a we've got a very touchy thing. And you wait till you look at this evidence. You wait till you look at this report. Now, I don't just I'm not going to lead you wrong.   But you never turn your country down. Well, this is not me. That's your country. And the members of the special commission are Chief Justice Warren, Senator Richard Russell, and I go right down the list. Now, I've got Alan Dulles, John McClaw. But you've got you're my man on that commission and you're going to do it. And don't tell me what you can do and what you can't because I can't arrest you.  I'll tell you that.


Hi, here are many people here. I would like to tell you a little bit about how OpenShift keeps you flying, how OpenShift helps us at Luft-under-technik. But first of all, I'd like to introduce myself. My name is Torsten Pohl. I work for Luft-under-technik and I'm the architect for the Aviata platform. And I'm also a product owner for the Aviata core services. And if you'd like to contact me, please feel free to drop me a line at torsten.avieta.io. Just to give you a little context about Luft-under-technik. Luft-under-technik is the daughter company of the Luft-under-airline that some of you might know. And we are the leading independent provider of aircraft maintenance repair and overall services. That means we will walk up to over 2,000 aircraft any day and check it. Overall more than 1,000 aircraft components. This can be tiny walls to flight computers worth tens of thousands of dollars. And we've got more than 110,000 different components in stock for your replacement. There will be 26,000 employees working for you to deliver parts to more than 2,000 aircraft that are under exclusive contract. And we've also got some great stuff to create and upgrade VIP aircrafts. So if any one of you has got a spare 747 lying around, feel free to contact me after the show. I said the word Avieta, which is a made up word from Avatars and Avieta because it's a digital twin of the aircraft. This is our first purely digital product that we created. And it is an open modular and neutral platform to collect everything we know about an aircraft. So open modular and neutral should mean we would like to open it to everyone who has got something interesting to do in the aviation context and the customers can choose which of the components they want to have. And as Lufthansa Technik has always been an independent provider, we would like to be neutral. So we will be offering our services, but if you've got a better one, you should be able to put it on our platform as well. Just to give you an idea what you can do in aviation with digital products is I will show you a little prediction use case and I will talk about an igniter plug. An igniter plug inside an aircraft engine, you will always notice that this is an aircraft engine. These are the small red dots down there. The engineers told me that they would be there. It's a little bit similar to the igniters that you have in your car. They will spark and ignite fuel. But differently to the igniters of your car, an aircraft engine has a constant flow of fuel that will be ignited once and then will flow all the time. At another time in the flight process, these igniters will spark. And this is when you're flying through bad weather because you don't want the engine to go out then. And it's really hard to get the engine going midair again. So they will be sparking all the time and we've got two of them because top one priority in aviation is safety. And for priority two, safety again, we have said, okay, we want to have them both operational all the time. And as you can see, they are really inside the aircraft engine, so it's hard to check them and so on. And they are also like the igniters of your car, discard items. So you would throw them away after you use them, but they are a little bit more expensive like thousands of dollars piece. So for safety reasons, again, we decided, okay, we have no idea how often they spark and they will have a guaranteed lifetime of, I would say, one million sparks just for simplification. We say, okay, after this and that many flights, we will replace them anyway. So when we replace those things, we will throw them away. I already said, and we found out, okay, they look so good. They are kind of new and we found out that they could be used easily five or up to 10 times of the amount. So as I said, there's no counter for the igniters, but when you got all the data together, you know how often is this engine started and how long did the pilot fly in anti-icing mode. And this is a prediction use case I like because I can explain it. So sparks per minute times the minutes it is on that will count the sparks. So okay, so we can without sacrificing any safety and still using a really good safety margin, we can replace the igniters only if we needed this will save quite a lot of money. Especially if you're thinking about two or four engines per aircraft, two of these igniters per engine times 300, 400 aircraft. I found out that I will be short on time. So I won't be telling you anything about brakes. But if you're interested, find me at the beers. I would like to talk about OpenShift. I'm thinking some of you might be interested in it. And I even got two of the OpenShift ones and I got a little disclaimer before that. I would say I will be over-extra-rating a little bit. So don't take everything I say and still feel comfortable to get on planes when you're flying home. So I looked on the technique. We've got two kinds of IT and this is the classic IT. I don't like the word because it sounds kind of negative and I don't mean it negative at all. If you find a better word, there will be beers to tell me about that. As a classic, I feel it. Okay, so with the IT that supports the business, how do we create software? We will do a project and then there will be developers and people who will do stuff. And then the project ends and the software needs to be working after that. So it needs to last. And so what did we think about? We said, okay, we want some standardization and we invented something. We call the Lift on the Technic platform. This is one EAP server that we customized a little bit and it would be deployed classically inside a VM. We also said, okay, we want some standard architecture that can solve most of the problems. We want standardized CI CD so any change can be done by almost anyone. We want the source code and we want to have some regulation on the source code and we want some code analysis and therefore we can get the software running by a few people for whom all these deployments look roughly the same. And those guys, they fell in love with OpenShift and why did they do it? Because when we were working on the VM side of things and introduced the OpenShift way, we were able to lift and shift almost everything. So we also already got this EAP that is commonly we create a new base image that has the same modifications and they get stuff for free. They will get first of all, no more server drift. Server drift is something I would say. I ordered the Dev Machine in February and the production in December after that and stuff has evolved after that and the Dev Machine never got patched and they are somehow different and also I have throughout the project I've done something on the Dev Machine. I forgot about it and stuff breaks on production. I don't like that. Another thing we were doing rolling deployments manually with LVMs as well but that requires someone to be there to go on the load balancer and switch stuff and say, okay, boot up the new server and then switch over again and hopefully they will be doing anything right and they've got automation and so on but with OpenShift that comes for free. Another thing, the self-healing features with the liveness and readiness probes. Most of the instructions for the operations team I've read say if this happens, first of all, restart the server. If that doesn't work, restart the VM and if that doesn't work, run and cry for help. So the first two things OpenShift can do for you, I'm sure there will be an Ansible plugin for running and crying for help as well. And the IT also like the scalability. So scalability is not the major problem for us because the business is going steady most of the time. But still there are projects who will have the need for more power during at some point in time and then they will idle most of the time because they will order a specific set of VMs. I was talking about the Aviator project. This is a digital business case, so IT kind of is the business and software is also created differently. We would be creating software and adapting squads that would be there all the time and the product might emerge or disappear during time because they work out or they don't work out and we've got a plus. There are almost no legacy systems. So over there there are product owners, the guys with the crowns on their head and the happy developers. They also love the OpenShift platform. Why do they do it? They have their primary focus is being fast. They don't have to wait for anything because they can spin up what they want inside the OpenShift cluster. They also want to be open. They would like to say, okay, if some project comes over, then they can join us in our infrastructure if they need to. We also want to be flexible. We want to try something out then go back or do canary deployments or so. But at least we want to deploy as often as we can and there's no presentation complete without saying DevOps. We have developers sitting over at our place and they hate to be woken up at night. So they like the self-healing piece and one thing for Vita that's important. I would like it to be cloud neutral and OpenShift gives us an installation layer towards the cloud products. And of course for us it's also important to be scalable but we are working with airlines and B2B so we are not talking about scaling in the evening when everyone wants to watch a video but rather whether these use cases are needed or not needed so much. So to give you an idea how does A Vita's infrastructure look like, we decided we only want one OpenShift cluster for dev, test and production. This one will be running inside the Azure cloud. If you want to talk about Azure cloud, someone has talked about beer. We will throw in some cloud services mostly data stores. Just a word of advice if you want to be cloud neutral, be very careful with cloud services and think about what you are using. And we will add some infrastructure as a service so we will run VMs and spin them up with Ansible and put the big data and Kafka stuff on that. One thing I would like to be talking a little bit about is the way how we do it. And I've created two approaches. The one I would call the visit approach. And on the visit approach I am the developer and I'm coding all the time and I like my code and I would like to commit it, push it to repository. And then there will be a box around me and I've got my responsibility. And then the wizard will come around. Let's call him Jonas. So this wizard around here will be giving me templates and scaffolding stuff so I have got an idea how to create my code that it works with all the magic that will come later. I would like to have it built and that wizard has put in magic and optimization and so on and created all the build stuff we've heard about these approaches here already. And then there will be unicorns that will try and deploy stuff to the OpenShift cluster and the rabbit will come out of the hat. I've got no idea if that works in English. But so everything is outside my box. I'm not responsible for that and if something breaks down in production it's most likely the wizard's fault. So this is a... I'm making a little bit fun but I think this approach is really valid because the good thing about it is you can take the developers, they work in this sphere they are used to and you still got processes that will recreate the same environments and so on. So this is really valuable to have it. On the other hand, we've got the autonomous approach. Still the developer is coding all the time and there will also be some templates but the developer still is also responsible for creating and updating those templates. Surprise, the developer is also responsible for working on the build pipelines and they will also be deploying this stuff to the OpenShift cluster. And as this is OpenShift, there is still magic going on. And one other thing, I think you have visited this never late. He arrived at this exact time. He means to. So this is really helpful to have someone to enable teams and so on but I think the whole thing is about the responsibility that you have. So the developer is responsible for everything and he has to have knowledge about everything. So this is kind of the flip side of things. It's easy to say okay everyone needs to be responsible for everything but they have to have the knowledge and they will have to accept the responsibility for that. So these are the two approaches I think that we are using for different use cases and I think they've got both their valid reasons why we use it and they've got the, they are both right. One thing I would like to give to you is some opinionated advice. So this is my opinion. I would advise you to find your mode or your modes of operation but stay flexible inside there. So if you put the developers too much into their cage, they will stay there and on the other hand if you give them too much flexibility they might be doing stuff you don't want them to have. But one thing is the people you have to give them knowledge if you want them to take responsibility and you should encourage that responsibility and with every Spider-Man knows with great power comes great responsibility so be careful if you're giving them the power they need to accept that they have got the responsibility to do it. And one thing, keep an eye on the current development. You will all be going to the Red Hat Summit and there will be tons of stuff going on. Be careful and stay focused because this is too much. You cannot try out everything and find out what will help you with your problems. So in essence get a visit, get some developers, get some product owners and you will find unicorns peace and happiness all over the place. So thank you for listening. I think the Aviator story will be continued and maybe you find a presentation on day two of OpenShift and if you would like to vote for us for the Innovator of the Year Award feel free to get out your phones now. And one thing that's more important to me we are creating a platform for anything aviation related so if you've got a nice use case, good ideas come to us you are invited to our platform and then we take off.


Yes, hey guys, so Patrick. Thanks for doing the interview. It's awesome And thanks for sharing your story too about like your conversion like coming back to you I think it's cool to be able to do especially in a community where you know, that's not necessarily the predominant view So I like this but I get a kick out. I'm like a masochist. I like this You know could you just talk about that kind of epistemological point of the package dealing that happens I think that was helpful for me in clarifying a lot of things with that. I ran talked about Yeah, so we have a lot of concepts out there So concepts think of concepts as like a fire folder in your mind Well, we put different things and then when we refer to that concept we open up the folder and pull things out and part of the problem is that That we have in this fire folder called selfish. We have very conflicting things So people think of Bill Gates or any rich person right a selfish. Why? Well because they pursued their passion because they made a lot of money So that that's kind of a good thing in a sense. I don't think of it as good But it's in that file folder, but also in that file folder is booty made of right scumbag Pimate schema liar cheetah and everything. So you have in one folder You have all these examples of of good things pursuing your own values trying to be happy You know all of us are most of the day concerned about their own happiness concerned about their own family I always tell audiences right your kids are in the pool the neighbors kids in the pool. They're drowning. Who do you say first?  So there's no difference between the neighbors kids and your kids So we all have a sense of selfishness. We all pursue our self-interest But we also think that self-interest is associated with lying cheating and stealing. It's also so with Bernie Madoff That's the culture, right? So we have a majority majority majority. That's what I'm saying the majority out there So so every time you sell selfishness the thing that pops into the head is Bernie Madoff. It's it's lying cheating stealing It's nasty people and what I ran to saying is clean it up clean the folder, right? We need to create a different folder for Bernie Madoff because there's something inherently different about what Bernie Madoff does And what Bill Gates does or what Steve Jobs does there's something inherently different between being productive and taking care of your life And using your mind to make your life a better than lying cheating and stealing so let's create a separate folder for the lying cheating stealing Bastards, right? Let's call it self-destruction and let's have self-interest clean, right? Real self-interest long-term self-interest rational self-interest using your reason to pursue your own flourishing So conceptually we need to clean up our concepts and and and therefore then we can use these terms and People will understand us a part of our job is just just housekeeping


Hello, guys. Good afternoon. By taking a little walk down memory lane, the technology edition, let's go back 10 years ago, right? The year's 2007, what came out, the iPhone. The iPhone first launched. All the things and apps we take for granted today, like Uber or Instagram or seamless, didn't exist. The craziest stat to me, though, from 10 years ago is that one out of four Americans was still using dial-up internet. Dial-up. Remember the sound? Does that now feel like a lifetime ago? And yet, despite all of these great advances in technology that we're making, we're still doing things like this, pushing, interrupting. And I get it, right? Attention is so difficult to get and to hold on to. We feel compelled as marketers to do the things that we don't like as consumers. And then what happens? The consumers strike back. We install ad blockers. We happily pay more money for services like Hulu or Spotify that are ad-free versions, right? We all do this. What we need to be doing is saying goodbye to interruptions and hello to conversations. Advances in AI and technology have made it incredibly easy to more effectively engage with our audiences. So we need to make the switch. And I'm going to show you how today to make the switch from interruption-based marketing to intelligent conversational relationships. Using chatbots. So let's get started by covering our evolving technology. We'll look at how we need to be evolving engagement and how we need to evolve our strategy. So let's get started by looking at technology. Before we look at what's coming or what's already sort of here, let's take a look at what changes are happening to existing technology. A lot of the things that we have taken for granted as being absolutely 100% necessary are becoming less and less necessary. Let's talk about screens, for example. Did you ever imagine we'd have a marketing without screens? Yet with voice-controlled marketing, we can interact with technology without the need for a screen. I could order pizza from Amazon Alexa, for example, without needing a screen. Or if we think about apps. Gartner did this research that in the next two years, by 2019, 20% of brands are going to abandon their mobile apps. And if you think about why, the siloed apps that we have on our phone are the interruptions. You have to start what you're doing in one app to go into this other app and figure out how to use this new app and all the different systems. It's not cohesive. In websites, as well, are increasingly being bypassed. Look, they're not dying. They're just being bypassed in several cases. So I could go to the Skyscanner chat box to book my next trip. And I don't need to go to the website at all. So there are new players in this game that are coming in to change things for us. And this is what we need to be paying attention to so we can stay relevant in the years to come. The new players are digital personal assistants, chat bots, and skills. Let's level set about each of them. Personal assistant is something like a Cortana or a Google Assistant. Her job is to get to know you better and be a part of your entire digital life through different touch points, with your permission, of course, and get to know your preferences, your likes, your dislikes, so she can serve you and make your life easier. On the other hand, we've got bots and skills. These are the agents on behalf of the company. So their job is to know the company really well. And you can interact with bots or skills either directly via a platform like Facebook Messenger or Skype Messaging or via your digital personal assistant. Their job again is to help you and work with your personal assistant to make your life easier. Let me give you an example. Let's say I have a trip to Boston coming up next week and Cortana is tracking it for me because she saw the email from my travel company. Let's say Expedia. So Cortana knows because of Expedia's email to me that I'm going to Boston next week. Like a lot of people, I book my flight really early, but I always forget to book a hotel to the very last minute. So now I'm in need of my hotel room. So I can go to Cortana and be like, hey, Cortana, ask Expedia to book me a hotel in Boston. So Cortana has the information so she can say that, oh, your trip to Boston for July 23rd, OK, last time you stayed at the Contoso Hotel, do you want me to book you the same one? See, because she knows what I've done before. I'm like, yeah, that's great, Contoso was fine, let's book that. Great choice. Do you want me to use your credit card ending in 1, 2, 3, 4? Like, yeah, that's perfect. That's exactly the one I want you to use. OK, you're all set. I've emailed you the confirmation. How easy was that? This took less than 60 seconds to do something that would have taken me at least 10 times longer than that if I did it the traditional way. So it's no surprising at all that business insider predicts that by 2020, 80% of businesses want to have chatbots. So the natural question to ask at this point is, hey, what will this do for SEO? Is it going to destroy it? Because that's the trend, right? Everything is going to kill SEO. And no.  There's just a shift coming. And I don't think any other industry outside of us is so used to handling and dealing with big shifts. So in this time, we can even see it coming. So our jobs are going to expand. They're going to go beyond the website. They're going to be including the bots and the skills and the personal assistants in our quest to engage with our audiences. So let's look at how engagement is going to be evolving. One of the reasons that I really, really like conversational marketing is that it changes our conversation with the audience from a one to many to a one to one. And it also allows the audience to determine the cadence of the conversation in your marketing efforts. You can also get super personalized and learn from the interactions with your audiences. So let's see how we can use it. The big misconception is that, OK, great, chatbots are only something like a large company or large brands can afford to do. And that's not true at all. Bots work for every brand, big or small. In fact, smaller companies can benefit even more from chatbots because they can help bring about efficiencies. So you may not need to hire another person that you may have struggling to afford to do. And they also work for every single state of the funnel. Let's have a look. Bots are great for broadcast and awareness. They're great for engagement as well as conversions, remarketing and retention, and of course, customer service that we're used to. Let's look at an example. Let's say I shop frequently at ABC Bookstore. ABC Bookstore knows that I'm a big fan of Rand Fishkin and I have bought his books before. So if Rand has a new book coming out, ABC Bookstore's bot will send me a message being like, hey, Perna, Rand's new book is releasing soon. Do you want me to send you a sneak peek of the first chapter? Of course, it knows me well, it knows I love Rand, so my response is going to be, yes, please, oh my god, oh my god. And what this bot also knows about me, based on my purchase interactions with them before, is that I'm a sucker for a sale and I suffer from retail formal. So if you tell me things are on sale now or things are running out quickly, I'll buy it. So what I will do next is be like, OK, great, I'm emailing this to you now. But you can also save 15% of a pre-order of his book if you use the code, ILoveGeraldine. Just hurry up, though, because the code expires in 24 hours. Of course, my response is going to be, thank you. You can probably bet that I went and bought the book now. The reason that it works is because it up the level of relevancy. It was all about me and my likes and dislikes. It changed the conversation from a buy now to a what do you need right now. And that's what's going to make marketing something people are going to want to consume when it comes across as really helpful. And this applies to all the different channels. So let's take a look now at how we can use chatbots across your different channels to help them and how we can use your different channels to build up your bot channel. We'll start by search, of course, because that's near and dear to all of our hearts here. Traditionally, if you look at your search result, I mean, yes, you put in a query and a lot of backend or logarithmic and advanced engineering goes into it to give you the right results. But there's no real further interaction that happens with the SERPs. It's time to shake things up a bit. It's time to make the SERPs conversational. And I don't mean voice search for once. I'm going to ask you guys to do something since I know most of you have your computers. If you don't have a computer, would you mind just sharing with the person next to you? This doesn't work on the phone. It has to work only on the desktop for now, because it's something brand new. And it has to be Bing, because no one else is doing this. So it's exclusive to us. So if you go to Bing.com, do a search for Monsoon Seattle. I'll give you a second, okay? If you have got your results so far, do you notice this one line under the main listing? Questions? Ask Monsoon Roster on bot for help? Now, while engaging and having conversations with your search engine is a little bit in the future, you can interact with businesses in the SERPs through the business bot that Bing has. So now, and you can try, you can ask it questions, you can ask it things like, hey, what payment information do you accept? Do you have vegetarian options? Or even natural language like, can I bring my dog?  Sadly, pets are not allowed at Monsoon Seattle.  How cool is that? Local SEOs, I'm sure this is very exciting to you, because now you can engage with the brand. This saves me as a consumer time from going to the website and like scrolling around to find the answers to these questions, which may not even exist on the website. And from a business standpoint, I don't keep getting the same repetitive calls that waste the time of my human staff to answer the same questions again and again that can be easily answered by a bot. So this is so new that it only exists for restaurants in Seattle at the moment. Our goal is to expand this beyond Seattle in the coming months, so stay tuned. You can either just follow me on Twitter or check the Bing blog for this. But that's fascinating. Okay, those were chatty business listings. How about making the entire SERP conversational? Well, here's a real cool sneak peek of something that's still in really early stages of development. Advancing advances in artificial intelligence, in particular something called machine reading comprehension, which is pretty much what it says on the box, which is the machine reads something and understands it. Can help to botify the entire web. So let's say, for example, I was looking for something on Wikipedia. So the history of Singapore, for example. Bing's Infobot can be like, hey, do you want to ask questions about this page, this information on Wikipedia? Again, this is not Wikipedia's chatbot. This is Bing's Infobot that's creating a chatbot on the fly from websites that show up in the SERPs. That's gonna change our fair amount, right? I would imagine. Now this is still really early stage. We're still piloting this with companies like Wikipedia, WebMD, or Recipes, for example. But stay tuned. I want to give you guys a glimpse into the future so you can be prepared. Let's go to the next step, which is you wanna be right there when people are looking for you. That's what all of us want to do, right?  But the most important thing in our future conversational world is brand awareness. And I'll show you exactly why. Say I was talking to the personal assistant of my choice. Again, this works on Google, this works on Cortana, this works on any of them. So let's say if I was asking Cortana that, hey Cortana, how much are flights to Paris this weekend? Cortana will give me, or Google assistant, a list of results in the SERP, pretty much like we're used to getting, right? It'll be, here's some different companies, here's some different price options. Not surprising. What if I was already very familiar with the Skyscanner bot, and I knew that by interacting with it before, it was very easy to use. What I could do then would be like, hey Cortana, ask Skyscanner how much are flights to Paris this weekend? Do you wanna see the difference in interaction? So connect me directly to Skyscanner. That means all my interactions are going to be with Skyscanner. Where's the competition? Not visible at all. There's no chance of me being distracted now because I know about Skyscanner, I knew about their chatbot, I'm gonna just use it and book my trip, bye bye competition. So brand awareness is gonna be super incredibly important for us to be working on with all of our clients. You want people to discover that A, you've got a really good bot, and that it works really well, and it makes life easier. So how are some ways that you can do that? Let's turn to search, of course. Now, bots have the same problem right now that apps had, which is discoverability, right? There's tons of different apps, it's hard to find out or know that they exist. And this is something that we see happening with bots as well, but because we see what happened with apps, all the different platforms, whether it's Facebook or Microsoft or Google, are taking steps to build discoverability tools. But for now, some of the ways that we can get discovered is via search. I can go to google.com and I can do a search for bots. I can also go to bing.com and bing does something slightly different with the bot experience. We bring up different boxes right up top, so it's like a little answer box up top that lists the different bots. They're also sorted by the type of platform. So if you notice next to finance bots, it says telegram or Slack. So I can just filter based on the platform that I prefer to use. And if you notice the blue link under the name of the bot, it's already enabled. So if I click on that, I can just quickly set up that bot in the platform of my choice. It's awesome. Sorry. It's gonna make your discoverability really easy. The next one is with email. Can you guys guess what the average email open rate is? Just shout it out. What's that? 18%, 80%. 80. It's a bit lower than 80. Anyone else? Yeah, 18 is a bit closer. According to MailChimp's research, it's 15 to 25% open rates. Can you guys guess what the click-through rate within the email is? I heard of that. About it's 2.7% ish on average. Again, according to MailChimp, you guys, there's some pretty low numbers. Let me ask you this question now. Hands up, if when you get a text message, you usually look at it, you check it within 10 minutes. Yeah, a lot of us. Okay, keep your hands up for a second if you respond within 10 minutes. So many of us do. It's a really fast medium, far more than say ads or emails, which can get lost because we're inundated with messaging. So let's think about ways that we can try to use our emails to build awareness for our bots so that we can try to build that platform up more and get that engagement. So I could just within a call to action in my email be like, hey, message us for 20% off. So this is a good way to again incentivize people to go ahead and interact with your bot. Once you help build up the bot channel, it's also a good way to even personalize more and then you don't have to be as reliant on email though as Justine was saying, it's not pretty valuable. What you can also do is with your social media. Now we're also used to going to social media to go ahead and share updates about our brands or ourselves or of course run ads. What if we, instead of running ads or messaging that went back to our landing page, what if we sent it back to our chat bot instead? It is a native platform. If you're on Facebook, you're pretty much used to also dealing with Facebook Messenger for example. So you're not really going to a completely different website. You're still staying within the realm of Facebook. Also, the ads can feel more helpful than salesy. So if it says, like, hey, we're having a special sale, 10% off, your normal call to action would have been like shop now or buy now. Whereas here we can say things like, why don't you chat with a stylist? Let us help you. Again, we're going from the buy now to how can I help you now? So think about doing those ads, not just your social media ads, your regular display ads, your taxed ads, any of them can be really greatly enhanced by trying to drive some traffic to build up your bot channel. And you can see it thrive and prosper. Now hopefully at this point you're like, okay, this is super exciting. How do I get started? The first thing you need to do is think of this quote by Brinne Brown. Perfectionism is the thing that's really preventing us from taking flights. A lot of people are scared or afraid to go and test out this channel because they're like, oh my gosh, my bot has to be as advanced and chatty and interactive like in the movie Her. But that's not the case.  It does not need to be perfect. And certainly it does not need to be anything like the movie Her at all. Which again, it's still science fiction. That technology doesn't really quite exist to that level right now. What you can even think about is what Facebook's research showed that sounding robotic can actually increase your efficiency because people have lower expectations for what a robot can engage with you in terms of conversation. So take the pressure off, get started, it doesn't need to be perfect. The thing is, even though chatbots are still quite a brand new or a more nascent channel, the fact that even today's basic conversations work is proof that as this gets more and more advanced, marketers will adopt this technology in increasing numbers. A big proof of that. I was chatting with some of our banking clients and they are very excited in creating chatbots. And as you know, banking as an industry has so many regulations that they tend to be slower to adopt new things. But they've seen the value in saving themselves time from repeated questions such as, hey, how much balance is in my bank today? Or things that are easy, but take three or four minutes of their customer services time because of security questions that need to be asked. So they've seen the value in saving their customer's time and also saving their money in terms of call center reps. So I'm gonna share with you a bot design plan that you can use no matter what platform you go with to create your bots. It's a simple four step plan. Step one is you need to identify the goal. Why does my chatbot need to exist? To do this, you wanna start by talking to customer service that, hey, what are questions that our customers are asking us very often? What are things that they want to be able to do more quickly, more efficiently? Try to get to the root of that so you can find the one singular problem that you wanna solve. Now sadly, shockingly, I guess, chatbots can't solve world peace, but they can still solve smaller problems and that's what we need to get them to do. Then you need to identify the problem of the platform that your audience is on. For some people that may be slack, for some people it may be Skype. So you wanna discover where your client's audience is you spending most of that time. The next slide is my favorite step, which is where you brainstorm without any limits. Ask yourself this question. If anything was possible, what would I do? And if the answer is I would bring in Brad Pitt to sit next to me in the office while I created my chatbot, put it down on the list, it's fine. Don't disqualify any ideas. Once you have this list down, you can then go and think about what would our customers love? So that will shorten the list a little bit. Then we go to the step where we bring it back down to reality and we're going to say that, okay, what's the simplest way to start? Maybe I have this big grand idea, but what's the first step that I can take towards it that I can start testing out today? Then you wanna think about making it either a bot or a skill. So for example, how important is the vocal aspect which would make it a skill? Or does it need to be both? And what should my KPIs be? So that would all be determined by the goal of your bots and how you set it up. Step four is when you spark it into life. So you're going to wanna think about the platform.  And then you're gonna launch it and monitor it. Now bringing something like this to life can take anywhere from 10 minutes to several months. It's one of those, it depends, answers on how complex you want it to be. Tools, there are several. Facebook has their Facebook Messenger for devs. Google has api.ai, and if you want to find some of the different tools and resources along with some code samples that you can use, you can go to this website, aka.ms, front slash mask on. I promise you it is a treasure trove of everything that you're looking for to guide you to getting set up. I also created one more thing for you. It is your design worksheet. And I'm sorry, as you can see, I'm a terrible designer so it's not pretty, but I promise you it's really functional. This is a one sheet project management guide that will allow you to go through and think about what am I trying to achieve? What are the questions people ask? So you can keep everything in one place and then create the actual powerful hypothesis for your chat bot. So you can easily download it at that URL up there. And I promise you, no matter what you choose, it is easier than most people think. So if I had to recap, you want to try to build an AI-powered bot or scale. You want to promote it across different platforms and you want to engage and measure across multiple touch points. And like any tech that is brand new, problems are going to exist. For example, on a very large one-off aberration scale, you all read the news about Microsoft's state chat bot that went actually quite horrible. And what we learned from it, we learned that you need to put up those guardrails around the conversations that you have. So other people are already learning things the hard way for you to make it easier. So come back in and learn. Remember, caution is necessary, avoidance is not. One day in the very near future, your chat bot can be your best-performing employee, your best sales guy, your best customer service rep, your best marketer. The proof is in the pudding. Last year, I was reading this interview with the 1-800 Flowers CEO, just two months after they launched their chat bot. He said that 70% of their orders from their new Facebook bot were from brand new customers and tended to go towards a younger demographic. 70%. That's a brand new audience that they're able to reach. Last year as well, Sephora shared that once a user engaged with their kick Sephora bots, they then went on to average 10 messages per day. That's an incredible interaction. But my favorite example of all is Taco Bot from Taco Bell. That bot, which takes orders for food on Slack, has taken in over $10 million worth of food orders just via the Slack bot. That's a lot of tacos, $10 million. So my question to you guys is, are you gonna be the next conversational success story? Thank you so much.