So looks like we are live. That's great. I'm gonna get started in just a few moments here Just waiting till a few more people come in. I will respond to some comments, but I also need to open it up See let's open up a Google form here 10 seconds This okay need to open another tab here and go like that Okay, so welcome everyone to the stream for the week. I hope you're having a good day It's very cold here in Toronto. I need to I need to pull up Some news items here because I had some news items saved. I I see some some people in the chat Hey everyone Someone's mentioning Brightline and how they're doing the expansion to Orlando so cheap I think you know it's mainly because a lot of it was you know pre-built right of ways were set aside It's being built next to a highway at least between Fort Lauderdale and Miami for the most part Sorry between Fort Lauderdale and Orlando for the most part the airport in Orlando has a like ghost station already They're sitting there. It's not being used so You know setting aside right of way and infrastructure is a really good approach, right? Like a lot of cities have have done stuff like that and that's allowed them to build transit cheaper And the same thing you know is the case for intercity transit So let's see Okay, we've got We've got a bunch of people on now So I'm gonna get into news in a few minutes, but I'll all respond to a few more chats here Someone says what's going on today? Well, um Been working on YouTube videos of course You know What else have I what else have I been doing I slept in quite a bit this morning because I did not sleep much the last couple days Been busy with lots of I check a lot of I do a lot of research every week Like I go through a ton of forums a ton of news articles, etc And so I'm just kind of constantly doing that and in the past few months I've basically just had no free time like I just I I spend all my time doing something I my days are completely full So it's kind of like it's weird. I have never experienced that before but it's just kind of prioritizing different things against one another Yeah, I'm doing lots of research and reading etc. I Don't know what the news actually about the revised tram project is in in Quebec City. The last I had heard about it was that They were kind of pushing for an analysis of a REM style solution because they you know, I think There's been obviously pressure to move in that direction. Well, okay, so the next question is opinion on the whole Scarborough RT situation and The truth about the Scarborough RT is that if it wasn't the case that we have this kind of Desire to remove it or at least there's this political desire to because Politicians, I guess they don't really ride transit much so well most politicians do not ride transit much and there's this perspective that it's just loud and kind of old and Because you hear news articles saying that it's old and bad The politicians I guess probably assume that it's just not that good and that it should be removed and If you try to claim that it could be replaced they you know come up with with fake reasons as to why it couldn't be Obviously, you know if the question was they don't have the same signaling like maybe the SkyTrain signaling is a little more sophisticated Well, you could replace the signaling surely that's cheaper than you know building a new line or the silly silly LRT option The LRT replacement option just it gets my goat every time because so what you're saying is let's Spend a ton of money to actually make the project or sorry the line worse, right? Because right now the line has high platforms and as I've discussed in many videos high platforms mean flat floors in your trains Which means they're they're typically better, right? So you want to get rid of the high platform so you can use worse trains You want to put in overhead wire which isn't objectively worse or better But it's gonna cost a bunch for no real reasons delivers power to the trains. You have to modify the stations to deal with the The low floor boarding You're going to have to have pedestrian crossings unless you're going to make the stations accessible So it's basically just You know that Scarborough RT could be fixed but in Toronto we have this deep desire to either Push like a subway ideology or to push an LRT ideology and if you're a sensible person, you know, you live in the real world You're not allowed to have an opinion on that Conversation so so that's by my take. I'm a little salty about it all if I'm honest, but But yeah, that's that's kind of how things are so what I want to do before I get into my first kind of news item Of the day is I'm going to send the Link to the chat if you have any unique transit memorabilia or you have a unique ticket or fare cards Especially then please please please consider sending me one you can submit a kind of an item to this form and And yeah, we'll see what happens, but I'm always interested in getting transit maps cards, etc from around the world And since I know I have a lot of viewers in Europe Asia in other parts of the world It's great to have the opportunity to get some fare cards from you folks And let's see if I can I can pin this message. So I've just pinned it. So now people can see the link I'm gonna answer one more question and then I'm gonna get into my news items The next question is why do you think subways in North America are so slow to build compared to Asia, right? And there's a lot of There's a lot of Reasons like it's not a very easy question to answer, but some of the main ones are the size of You know, we build bigger than we need to in a lot of cases Like if you look at a lot of Asian cities that are adding rapid transit They do a lot more like Skytrain style skytrain size systems like, you know, they call them MRT's a lot of the time I'm not saying that all lines are like that But in general, there's a strong trend towards smaller trains and automation for new lines Of course, again, this is not the only thing we have but You know, you you you see more of that and so that obviously Contributes and then it's an experience thing and a better a better practices thing because these cities build more Metro systems they naturally get better at doing so. So yeah, it's it's that I think primarily I Really need to see what I can do here Okay So let's get into the news items. So The big news item of the day or of the week was Bombardier now being part of Alstom I was very sad about this and so I made a video You know, I think I am still pretty sad about that I Should I should also I should unpin this and I should repost it. Yeah, I'm sad about it I think that we could have kept Bombardier I don't think that it's like the case that Bombardier didn't need to get a lot of reforms done But It's crazy It's crazy to suggest that That we couldn't have and and and Bombardier has created a lot of good products and You know globally And to suggest that they're just a bad company, you know, it's again it's part of the Canadian trend of of punching down and and of kind of Hating on our own our own companies. I mean to be fair Canada has a lot of problems in our kind of our business culture Like we have a lot of monopolies and oligopolies and that's obviously a huge issue But I just just think Bombardier we could have done more and to help Reform it and to drive them in the right direction and we didn't and so now we've lost that that company and You know, Alstom is not going to care as much about Manufacturing in Canada if we're building products for other countries. They're definitely not going to You know less management will be in Canada less engineering will be in Canada It's just we've we've shipped off a ton of jobs and expertise and If we're honest about it You know, yes, we now we own a big chunk of Alstom, which is a more successful company But it's kind of you know, we could have had both we could have had a successful company and we could have had it You know in in Canadian hands, so Yeah, I'm curious to see what the people think but I'm gonna respond to a few more comments Here someone's mentioning they have a collection of transit cards, but they don't have them with them That's too bad. I have mine with me because I've been home for months What gorilla actions can I take to improve transit in my area? I don't know if I think of too many gorilla actions you could take I think just get involved in the public process, you know Follow your politicians on Twitter and follow transit agencies on Twitter and comment And and if you think something's bad say so and I think that that's one of the best ways people can have an impact You know because of people agree with you They will like and retweet and share and if people disagree they'll tell you and so it's a great way of both developing your personal opinions and kind of your Your ability to explain what you think and your feelings and stuff And it's also a good way to potentially get some positive action going on if you're talking about light rail working on on narrow streets, right like a Lot of times when you have narrow streets, you're in a dense area So I don't know that light rail is necessarily the most appropriate transit mode If you need to then yeah, I think it should be a dedicated corridor I really don't like mixed traffic operations when they can be avoided and I think most of the time they can be so I think that generally if you have light rail, it should be it should be in a dense place on a dedicated corridor What's your opinion of high-floor LRT systems such as LA Metro's blue line expo line gold line with their more trunk-esque Infrastructure, I mean I think that they could I think that it's kind of a question of do they need to be light rail if it's super long Like the gold line You should have chosen a mode that was capable of higher top speeds because if you have higher top speeds then you can you know Cross the line more quickly. I guess the high-floor trains are not terrible. They're fine But I think that like a lot of the times if you're building a high-floor LRT You could probably just build regional rail with high floors and I think that would be better So I'm just scrolling again Okay Okay thoughts on using buy mode multiple units on go RER seems to be the plan for Lakeshore I think that buy mode multiple units are neat But first of all if it's a buy mode multiple units not double-decker, right? We don't really have diesel multiple units that are double-decker that are good So you lose the double-decker nature, which like that's normally that's probably a good idea But if you're running a commuter service, which you are on the diesel parts of the line And you're also, you know not running super high frequencies higher capacity might be a bit more of a consideration So I think that buy mode multiple units actually not necessarily the greatest most important thing I think there are there's like kind of one main case where it would make sense Which is Kitchener line because you might want to operate a semi-frequent service in in the CN part of the corridor And that you I think the deal would be you couldn't put up electrical lines because CN doesn't want electrical lines And so that might be the one place that it kind of makes sense Someone's talking about their thoughts on the LRT on the street thing I mean, I don't necessarily think that they should just be metro systems But I think maybe in some cases they probably could be like if you look at Calgary's Northwest line the red line. I think it could be a metro I think it would you could get away with that for sure and hmm I mean, I guess there's not a huge difference. It's grade separated, right? But metro trains would be better because they're fully, you know, they can be fully articulated To be clear so can the Calgary and probably LA etc. LRT trains, but they're not fully articulated And we have this problem in North America With kind of our ability to be creative our ability to see something done somewhere else and just do it And so while in Germany, they have done some fully articulated LRV trains with multiple like high-floor LRT cars I don't think we'll do it in North America because we don't just we don't we wouldn't We would kind of just just I feel like we would struggle to to do it we would just say we can't do it or we don't want to do it or You know something along these lines We would say we have to build a new line So I think one of our problems in North America is just generally being able to and open to seeing how it's done in other places And then just replicating that What do you think of cities that use light rail as a way of increasing capacity but don't create an internet Interconnected network out of it Paris with a bunch of disconnected lines. Yeah, you know, it's kind of it's okay I think in Paris it probably makes more sense than a lot of places in North America because at least the land use in Paris kind of Even in more suburban areas it makes more sense for light rail. There's probably higher density It's a bit more like main streets and stuff and I think that it's okay But I I think that if you're gonna build an LRT network, not that you should you should Interconnected to get the benefits of the network effect, you know Being able to share some vehicles and being able to do some more interesting interlining and stuff. Oh my goodness This is so annoying And so so if you're not able to do that, I'm not sure the benefit is all there But at least in Europe you can build an LRT quote-unquote really inexpensively, which is not true in North America And so I think that you know It's hard for me to say it's a terrible idea I do maybe think that there could be better ways of spending money, but Yeah, no, I think Paris's approach is pretty good one news item I wanted to cover today it was less of a news item and more of a Public service announcement for my channel. I got a lot of comments on my recent video on air rail links, which was I'm pretty sure let me check I think it was explicit even in the title that it was about express air rail links. Let's take a look Where is it here? Um Yeah, I mean, okay It wasn't necessarily explicit in the title But definitely in the content of the video that it was about express air rail links and a lot of people were commenting that like, oh I don't know. Chicago has an air rail link or Atlanta has an air rail link and it's like yes Some of these cities do have air rail links. I cannot mention every city in in North America with an air rail link, right? You'd go to Seattle, Portland, LA, San Francisco Um, San Diego doesn't I don't think you know Salt Lake City, Denver Dallas, I don't think Houston has one You know the Canadian cities there's way too many cities for me to conceivably be able to mention everyone every single city, right? So Because I don't mention something does not mean I do not think that that's an air rail link that qualifies The point of the video was really about express air rail links and I do agree that some cities like maybe Atlanta It's less reasonable because again I mentioned how it makes sense when you have an existing right of way that you can use like a like a freight rail Or ideally a passenger rail line To serve the airport and if you're if your relink is already really fast Then yeah, you probably don't need one like in Toronto's case. We have Billy Bishop Airport, which is is essentially downtown It's accessible by the streetcar network and yeah, it doesn't make sense to have an express air rail link to To an airport that is already so close to downtown But I think the main priority is for for these cities with express for with airports that are quite far from downtown like Denver and Toronto Express error links are really good solution for that for you know accessing the airport. So that's what I was going for with that video Nice PC behind you Yeah, so I built this PC. My hair is crazy. I just what can I say? I haven't haven't been out Haven't got my hair cut in months We'll see what happens when I can And I built this PC. It's a mini mini itx. Yeah, it's a was a nightmare to build But it's pretty cool. I think we edit most of the videos on it Yeah, I like building PCs. I'm quite a tech enthusiast Bombardier like many Canadian companies is Excellent at what they do but too small for too for long-term survival in the global global market I mean Bombardier is not small though As per their video, they make like a quarter of the regional trains in Europe, right? And they if you look at metro systems It's shocking how many metro trains Bombardier built, right? And so Well, I agree that they weren't gigantic. I mean In North America, how many trains does Siemens make at least for metro systems? I don't know if I can do they even make any um Someone will quickly correct me if I'm wrong, but Hmm Yeah, I don't know that Siemens makes a single metro train in North America Um So an All-Stone. I mean, I guess All-Stone in New York But yeah, Bombardier is big especially in North America So so not that North America is obviously kind of a You know sadly is a small market for transit and rail vehicles, but no It's definitely It's the case Okay The chat is a bit annoying when I scroll sometimes it just jumps.  That's that's their job is to talk to and Represent constituents. So if you have an issue with something they're promoting regarding transit Tell them or call them or tweet at them, right all options um Yeah, I mean with any kind of that's the nice thing about automation, right and I think that um What can you say that the great thing about automation in north america is it it kind of removes the economic Like it removes the biggest economic factor in increasing service, which is paying for more operators and Doing that allows you to run frequency and frequency drives ridership And then frankly when you have a lot of ridership then you should start investing in your bus network And then when you do that you'll have to hire more operators anyways because we're not Automating buses anytime soon. So um, so I think it's kind of a It's a great solution no matter what and I think that it's The fact that you have to argue for automated light metro or automated metro as I kind of prefer to call it um It's because it's the only system that can really be automated you need the grade separation, right so Yeah, the uk has had a lot of manufacturing struggles, but but it's the uk actually has some high tech manufacturing, which I find is quite impressive um What situations do you think LRT is appropriate where you really need the flexibility or where you're Actually a legitimately a small community that's not growing that much. They probably won't grow that much Um, waterloo region not that I don't think waterloo region will grow I just don't think it's ever going to be a major Toronto-sized city, right and that's okay There's lots of cities that have kind of like other cities or or or kind of communities in their orbit that are quite specialized economically like Like an aerospace or it or things like that And I think it's okay like a small community where Something like light rail can actually serve it quite well and you know, it's it's a well-used service that it makes sense Hmm My lips are super dry. It is dry in Toronto So Manchester is proposing to replace heavy rail lines with Light rail tram trains. I hope that's not the same as like what metro link has. Um You know, I don't know I I think you're moving backwards if you're doing that so that's disappointing to hear By mode with diesel would be pretty bad. Uh, I don't know.  I haven't heard great things about the The hitachi whatever class I forget the name, you know, the ones the the ones that virgin called the azuma Um, there the is it the iet? I think intercity express train. It might be the iet Um, but those have dual mode and they look good. I've heard not great things about the comfort and Etc inside, but it's definitely an option. Um, I believe they're also looking into battery by a by mode with those Which is definitely a better option. Like yeah, let's move away from diesel if we can do that um Let me talk about another news item Okay, so this was one that so i'm doing a video regarding highways. Um, I'm not for highways. I I I'm generally quite against them But there's this kind of this kind of belief I think that people have that we're building highways in north america And it's actually not really true. We're not building that many highways if you look it up There's only a few like major highway projects. I guess in toronto. We might unfortunately have a highway and um, but if you look broadly right like In canada we have calvary was finishing its ring road. They're still doing it, but I mean outside of that I don't expect them to really do any new highway They there might be a few expansions where they add lanes and stuff I know that bc and alberta want to be connected by a four lane road, which frankly it's kind of reasonable I think four lanes between major cities is is okay because um You know, you can have increased safety. You can have passing which is important Um, but we're not building that many, you know green fields highways in texas there are maybe a few and there's a few scattered around but In on a broad sense, we're not building a ton of highways in north america and that's that's good So where we should invest in transit, uh, we should Where we should invest is in transit and in rail transport. So and buses as well, obviously where they make sense I hear the pierce and transit hub is kind of on its last legs Do you know how likely it is that covet has so so that the thing is Of course covet changed air travel patterns, right? Like for me, I'd love to travel But I cannot conceive of traveling right now. I know some people who who who don't seem to care about their fellow man are traveling for um poor pleasure reasons and stuff, but um broadly speaking, uh, the reason the travel has changed is because no one's traveling because we're supposed to stay home and so yeah, like, uh Of course, it's changed for now. I think it is on its last Like it's they're not going to build a huge airport transit center when airports are dead But I think in five years it can still happen. So I'm not that worried Hmm Let me see What's the hot news? Yeah Well, as I mentioned bombardier So why do you think Canada is so behind other countries in electrifying railways? Um, what about Quebec City Windsor corridor? Well, because we share with freight and the freight companies don't want electrification and Um, that kind of makes sense, right? Like if they have to if you have to have an electrified network And you're a really successful operator. You want to have all your network be electrified So you don't have to change locos or use dual modes or whatever. So there's that There's the fact that they don't really want to operate under high voltage lines, which I mean other countries do it safely But if you don't you might think that that is a pretty negative thing Um, but again, yeah, if you don't own the tracks, it's it's hard to to to build it So in a sense, you know, if you're building a brand new railway like some some less developed countries are Then it makes a little more sense because you don't have this kind of um Traditional conservative attitude towards and you're just like well, yeah, obviously we should electrify. So Let's continue Yes, I've heard about the issues with rem and the pe to do airports the connection They've lost money. So they can't cover the cost. I mean, I think that I believe the government will will pay for it But they should definitely be it should be a loan It should not be the government paying because the airport will turn around when when flights get back to normal Do you think the tribal rx proposal in new york city to link the outer suburbs or sorry boroughs is feasible? If that's the one to transform the that rail corridor into kind of like a l i double r or subway style operation Then yes, it's definitely feasible. Um, but the question is is will you guys bite the bullet, right? New york spends an insane amount of money on transit now, fortunately If it's above ground it can cost a lot less because you don't have to pay these crazy costs, but um Yeah, I mean it's definitely feasible a lot of projects are feasible But the huge barrier is whether there is political willpower to complete them, right? So I think that's that's where you kind of have to note I mean, okay, so someone's mentioning that in the us. Yes, exactly freight companies own most of the rails now There's no reason for them wanting electrification. I don't really agree, right Electrification is great. It allows you to have more powerful locomotives, right? So that could mean um lower fuel cost for one Like diesel and other fossil fuels will only become more expensive There's the environmental implication and people do not want to do business with companies that are doing a ton of damage to the environment and You know rail services are not the the worst, right air air air services are terrible for emissions But when things as things move to electrification broadly, right? Um You know the freight railways will eventually it'll be no it'll definitely be an environmental argument and I don't think battery makes a ton of sense for freight rail, right because you need a ton of power and energy density and so I think And because you have a corridor, right the trains are not traveling. Um, it's not a car where you can go anywhere So I think that electrification via wire in most places makes a ton of sense now if you're in like tunnels and stuff Well, then maybe you have to have batteries But no, it's definitely it's definitely something that I think they would be attracted to Especially in like steep areas and in lines with a lot of grades, right electric locos can help with that. Um So, yes, um Let's see what there was another news item. I wanted to mention It's less of a news item and more of a topic I'm quite interested in lately and I I thought would be Worth bringing up and that's Switzerland. It's really cool to see a lot of things Switzerland does with their rail networks Um, you know with their timetabling system and they're as fast as necessary model I think it would it would be quite appropriate for north america in a lot of ways because What we do have long distances that would make high high speeds a little more attractive than in switzerland because switzerland is tiny Um, I do think that the model of building track and infrastructure Just as what you need is really important in north america because we have so much to do so much to build And overbuilding is something that we have a lot of trouble with so I think Um, it's definitely something I want to discuss on the channel and something i'm thinking about a lot Is is how to be a bit more like swiss in that in that aspect Oh my goodness I need to get a humidifier um I want the west coast express extended to chilewac electrified given the espon treatment Yeah, I mean it definitely should be but but it's a it's an issue of political willpower Right that the issue with with extending the west coast express as much as I would like to see it happen as well Is that the inner portions are served by sky train? and trips are faster that way too much of the region because Vancouver is quite polycentric. I mean, we do have a big downtown office district, but But uh, you know, there's a lot of offices in bernaby and in south fan and other areas Broadway corridor that aren't accessible by via the west coast express and so When you're talking about only something that serves downtown it becomes harder to justify And it's even harder to justify because the population of like chilewac and abbotsford is pretty pretty tiny So so I I agree But I think that with north american cost to do a lot of these projects It kind of it makes it less attractive than it would appear to you or me Um, I just want to do another another mention So if you haven't already, uh, because we're constantly gaining subscribers And so this might be one of the first videos you watch from me. Um, please go, uh, uh, follow me on twitter at rm transit Uh on instagram at rm transit as well And join the community discord. Um, it's linked on the channel and in pretty much every video Um, we talk about a ton of these issues on the discord and there's there's kind of channels for all different Geographies and I think it's just a really good place to learn about transit discuss different issues And there's a lot of people who are quite funny on there. So it's it's great. Um, I also want to mention the Again the pinned message. So if you have a cool transit card or a transit map And you'd be interested in sending it to us and we'll feature it on the On the live stream, which we do every two weeks Then please do send us send us your transit cards or your transit maps. Um It's awesome to have like a global collection and And it kind of it kind of allows us to take advantage of our global audience to to get some really cool stuff And I mean I think it's cool to show people like fair card designs and map designs from around the world And and that's a great way to do it Yeah, so the rem went from 6.3 to 8 billion But that's because a lot of stuff was added into the into the scope, right? Like new stations new interchanges and stuff which should have been built but Yeah, 8 billion 460 kilometers is quite good, but it is not amazing in the international context, right? So so it's it's kind of crazy that we think it's amazing in north america, but internationally It's kind of like okay. It's not actually that much better than the median um Let's see You can post your tickets on discord. There was a transit memorabilia channel. Yeah Uh, I don't know how good cleveland's air rail link is. Um, I mean let's look Uh I hope it's good because i'm about to i'm about to look at it. Um It's a red line. I believe right? Yeah, I I don't know cleveland has a kind of I feel like a poor reputation um See Yeah, so 40 minutes on the train is not great But cleveland is not exactly an alpha world city. So I think that yeah, no, it's good could be better though and the frequency Every 20 minutes on weekdays every 30 to 60 on weekends is not great, right? So So it's okay, but not amazing at all um Oh my goodness Chat is jumping around again See Oh my goodness lots of messages Okay, i'm gonna scroll down I can't answer every question. So so I will try my best to answer some of them because there is a lot. Um Tram trains. I think it's something. Yeah, that would make sense in north america. I think that Maybe you could argue st. Louis metro link is a bit like that But usually tram trains are a low floor. But yeah, I know in some places where You can go to a rural place. Uh, that might make sense. Yeah for a tram train Yeah, the kind of line is one of those rail links that doesn't really need to be expressed because it's so fast Even without um even with intermediate stops Yeah, so I guess r 160 b but outside of new york. Can you name metro trains from companies?  I can't go get a haircut because um Stuff is locked down in in toronto. Um Yeah, I think automated rail is taking over as the standard for metro if you look at new systems They are often automated, right? Like look at sydney metro, right? They they went to automated and that's that's how they're going to build out Hmm, which u.s. City. Do you see getting a new metro system? Maybe one in texas or or the kind of western u.s. That isn't california Because they're all those cities are growing a ton sunbelt, you know Um, I'm not super optimistic about it But that that would be where I'd expect because those are the places that are actually spending a decent amount on transit Even if they're not building amazing transit themselves Um, ontario line might use 80 meter four car trains Uh, well that is the plan, right? If you look at the the latest, uh, the latest releases on that I think it's fine if they decide that the capacity is sufficient People need to realize that the ontario line does not need to completely empty the young line And it can't because some people will always take the young line because they live close to it or because it's convenient So so the ontario line doesn't need to do that. It just needs to take a lot of people off it So if the ontario line, you know cuts the number of riders by 30 on the young line, which I think even with four car 80 meter trains it easily could because of how many people are transferring Um from on eglinton and and blower then there you go You've you've done your job and 30 of the young line's capacity, you know is like It's like a eglinton grass town size line worth of capacity north south that you just you got right so You you served all those new people, but then you also cleared out enough capacity for a ton more passengers Hmm Uh, what's your favorite bus type? I like the ones from new flyer. I think they look really nice. Um, if that's what you're asking Like what company? Um, actually like nova bus as well. I think in north america or at least our canadian made buses Though I know new flyer and nova bus make their us buses in the us Um, I think they all look really good actually not as good as european buses often, but they look good. Um How much more lrt can we get in waterloo? I think that waterloo can do a two but can do like a one by one grid You know like one line all the way down to cambridge and then one east west line I think that makes a lot of sense Maybe like a dmu line Yeah, they can order kisses to run rar and flirt battery electric multiple units for up express But why would you because up express is actually planned to be electrified, right? So I think that would be kisses as well I guess what we're talking about an automation Do you think we'll see automated trams are automated buses in the next 10 years? No because I think with automation you'll see automated cars first because You know cars are a bigger market than buses and because I mean It's okay when you're just putting your You're you're putting your own life and honestly a lot of other people's lives But I just think automated cars you always see new innovations in cars first, right like Um, well, okay, I shouldn't say always but you see a lot more innovation I would say in the car space because you have more competing brands You have a lot more being purchased, etc. So I think we'll see automation in cars first. Um And also because they have huge r&d budgets that these bus companies just do not have right and You need a pretty big r&d budget to do self-driving at least early on before companies start white labeling their systems. So 10 years maybe probably more like 15 to 20 um Well, my opinion on new flyer taking over the american bus market Is cool their buses are good and uh, I like it. They're a canadian company, right? So I'm supportive I of course i'm going to support Uh, my local canadian companies, especially when they make good products, right? So, um Someone is sending me a message on discord. Uh, if you want to send any transit cards or maps in please use the link That is pinned in the chat um That's funny Um, do you think north america should buy secondhand pacers? Oh my goodness. No, why the pacers are terrible already in the uk Why would we want terrible trains from the uk in in canada and the us and mexico as well? Uh, I think they are being scrapped, but they're actually not being scrapped yet They're saying you could put a flirt diesel in a kiss. Um, I don't agree, right? You the problem is that with a buy With a you know a two level train you have a lot less room to fit stuff in so I would say if it was very feasible to do a diesel buy level that's actually good because I know there I think there's a colorado rail car diesel buy multiple unit diesel buy level I think if there was a good one that was easily possible the engineering would have been done We would have it already. So I don't think it's it can be done very easily Yeah, I agree instead of building the 413 highway in toronto the 407 should be made cheaper to use because Let's be honest. It's it's not a reasonable price right now for people to use Yeah, in cities highways don't make a ton of sense, right? They they get congested super fast and they're primarily Supposed to play the role of getting people quickly around which transit does better anyways So between cities is where they make sense because there is you know trucks need to use them and we have a lot of truck transport um, and because people can travel between cities on them quickly but uh In urban areas They don't make a ton of sense and that's why you don't really see significant new urban area every ways Um, again, you might see some in texas, but they're being they're being opposed So so you don't see a ton Yeah, and they usually are told Um, which is good. I think all freeways should probably be told because you know, you have this There's an externality that you're you're creating, right?  You're polluting the air at least until cars are widely electrified You're creating noise pollution. You're taking up a ton of valuable real estate. So yeah, I think they should be told generally I mean, I don't really know if I like the arbutus lrt plan. I almost feel like it should be a sky train, right? Like We're probably going to pay a ton to do it as lrt and we need the north south capacity So doing it a sky train might make more sense, especially because there's a lot of development That's going in around south falls creek that the arbutus sky train could support, right? So I think I think that that actually makes a lot of sense also If we're getting into fantasy land a bit, which I feel comfortable doing only for vancouver because I did grow up there and spent, you know 15 20 years of my life there um My personal kind of idea is you got the millennium line goes across Have a branch. So it's kind of a reverse branch But it's not as bad because I think the kind of center point of the line Is the candle line connection? So I think you can have branches on both sides and it's reasonable Have a branch of the millennium line that goes to the downtown core So that some passengers who would transfer to the candle line can remain on the millennium line And I think before arbutus it would turn north and you kind of hit the south end of the barb bridge And then go into downtown that way you would take a lot of traffic off the candle line north south at least At least from the millennium line if you have good connections through south, you know Barard bridge south and the downtown core you could pull some riders off of the candle line at the same place You would have more capacity into the downtown core because right now we have what 40 000 people per direction per hour of capacity Not not quite, but we have like the capacity to generate that capacity when candle line, which is 15 000 and Expo line, which is 25 000 get fully built out. And so I think with the millennium line option This adds another 25 000 So it's like an additional 50 boost to the Downtown capacity But then what you could do is you could have a linear induction motor sky train line that then continues south from there So so you're kind of creating another branch and that branch runs onto the arbutus right of way And then what you could do long term is is completely separate the lines, right? And you keep the track connection because you might want to shuttle your rolling stock around But then what you do is you're creating a brand new north south Uh linear induction motor sky train line And then who knows maybe in the south that comes around goes to marine marine drive And then that works its way back up to burnaby along through the phraserlands and stuff So that's my fantasy sky train of the future for for vancouver. I don't like fantasy maps because I think they are They're a little silly you're proposing stuff that probably won't get built But I think that's actually kind of realistic. So that's why i'm putting it out there Tire versus wheel metros. Well tires as it turns out are wheels. So so they're actually uh both good um rubber tire metros themselves I don't think that there's a clear benefit But if you have it like you do in montreal or mexico city or santiago keep it Why why would you remove it for you know, they're not designed to work without them What's the best way to integrate long distance and quarter rail services? I think the best way is with time transfers, right? The problem in north america is our long distance services are super unreliable Um as in like hours and hours late or maybe early. I mean usually late. Um, so having a time transfer is is critical Um thoughts on hsr potential in canada. I mean, I i'm really a proponent of maybe kitchens or waterloo Toronto Ottawa Montreal. I think that's the most reasonable high speed link. We can obviously justify it Um, but the fact that we can justify it means that we probably should have built it a long time ago when it was cheaper Yeah, I think hydrogen will be an up-and-coming power source for freight rail. Um, you know broadly Uh, so yeah, it's it's a good option. Um, I'm just looking at something here. Okay, let me go back down Let's see. I've got to find the the point in the chat where I was Oh my goodness so many messages Uh Oh my goodness. Yeah 10 seconds folks. I'm gonna see if I can get myself some water um I think I might I think I might have succeeded. We'll see. Um My lips so painful. Um If you need zero emissions, yeah, okay, so now I'm here Looking at uh mountain routes to see what makes sense for passenger rail north america's the antithesis of adhering to a timetable On freight. Yes, but that's actually that's actually efficient, right? Some north american railways Do actually adhere to a timetable. They're just usually rapid transit and uh and passenger stuff that because because the the kind of typology is that, um Water yay I'm gonna have a drink of this that was delicious Uh anyways Um As it turns out, we're really good at work. Well, we're pretty good at freight in north america And I think how it turns out is that being good at freight and being good at passenger rail Required different things and so and so yeah, but you know, it's reasonable freight freight just doesn't operate on on a timetabled model Oh my goodness this hair so annoying Um Someone bring Reese water. Yes, great. I finally did get some water Well, that's the question go rer or montreal rem and I think generally montreal rem Maybe sadly makes more sense So someone is mentioning do you think platform screen doors limits your type of rolling stock? Yeah, maybe so you need to be smart before you install them um I think I think generally You know if you need to change your platform screen doors because your your rolling stock is is that out of touch with what you need Then you probably can Do you think scarborough should have gotten lrt instead of a subway? No, I don't think it should really have done either, but the subway is still better than the lrt if we're being honest I have actually been to the check republic, although it was just for a short period of time driving through on a bus Cleveland has issues, but the air rail link is legit. Yeah, I haven't been to cleveland I didn't grow up in ontario. So I haven't been to kind of the the obvious nearby cities, but uh Interesting airport is the only underground station on their network. Well, that that is interesting Underground airport stations are not actually that common in north america Or even around the world Best and worst public transport you've been on I think best would probably be tokyo and worst would probably be Um Marta is not actually that bad I'm trying to think maybe The transit in vegas was also not that bad. I think I think if transit is bad, you don't ride it So so it would be the the systems that I haven't you know taken which are usually bus systems in small towns Red lines frequency was better pre-covid interesting. Yeah, no, I guess that's reasonable, but uh If it's a 40 minute travel time, it's still not amazing Yeah, like the green movement in the uk is not really I don't think there are real green movement It's more like organized nimbyism, right and like degrowth or whatever. Um, which is really I think bad Uh Yeah, I don't know how you get over it. I think just kind of You know, I'm continuing to make the point that transit Is more environmentally friendly than than than car-based transportation Universally basically and that high speed rail is a great is is especially valuable because flights are terrible for the environment Though to be fair the uk does not have already has pretty good passenger Uh services XR constantly ties themselves to public transportation. Totally out of touch. Not sure what you're referring to As a right wing person any ideas on how to Uh get right wing people to see transit as good. Well, it's good for the economy So if you care about the economy, that's important. Um, it's convenient. Uh, it's cheaper than using a car It's safer than using a car Which means a lot of a lot of positive economic benefits. It creates more sustainable cities economically and environmentally um Some transit can be run as a business. Yeah, no transit's good So to Nowhere with you. Thank you for this super chat much appreciated and yeah, um I think because because of the pinned comment I cannot see super chats as they're sent. But yeah, thank you so much for that Um, what do you think of a tram train line along the 407 corridor instead of a brt? I think just do an automated light metro. Why not do a rem style thing the The 407 transitway was I think going to be mostly grade separated like the ottawa and mississauga transitways So why not do something like the rem that can hit really high speeds? I think that makes a lot of sense and it kind of looks like go alrt and the nice thing is Lips are getting a bit dry again uh, because Uh, because the subway is getting extended up to highway seven. There's so many good There's so many good connections, right? You have unionville and then and then line one both terminals And then you work your way down and you hit other go lines, etc. So it's it's great What do you think is the best tram slash light rail system in europe? There's a lot of good ones. I'm quite partial to amsterdam's. I've spent a lot of time using it and I think it's quite good Um, it reminds me a lot of toronto streetcar network. I'll be it. It's better um Pink line tramway project in montreal I don't like to make videos on kind of promised lines Unless a line is being seriously planned then I don't uh, I don't uh, I don't think it's worth worth discussing because there's so many there's so many other projects to talk about, right? Uh, I think the canadian greens are a party that's actually growing increasingly relevant And I think that if we move to proportional representation, which we for better or for worse looks like we will at some point Um, to some degree then they will get a lot more seats because they get a lot more of the vote than they have in seats I've already talked about the scubo rt a little earlier in the in the Stream so so you might have to go back and watch it After but my general opinion is just that shouldn't be replaced and it's silly But if you argue with the established lrt fanatics in toronto, that's uh, that's a It's uh, it's it's going to take you to disaster So so that's my that's my take on that Have you been to china? What do you think of the metro systems? I'm not a ton, but They're fine. They're good, right? But but um, they're not they're not the world's best, right? Like they have a lot of metro systems in china, but they have a lot of problems to be fair They are doing some things to fix it like an introducing express lines, but for example um The express line problem is a real one like the systems are some of them are very large And yet you there's not a really a quick way to go from one side of the the city to another Um, that's because there isn't really regional rail like there is in in europe or in japan or korea um So that's a big problem. And I think that It might be the case that china is not great building regional rail because because you need certain skills to build regional rail that you don't for high speed rail or metros, right? um There's also cases where in china the transfers are not amazing like um, you don't see like Like victoria line or or mtr style transfers in a lot of these chinese metro systems, right? Um, the vanhul viva buses were better than the nova buses. Well, uh, I don't know about that, right? I think the asymmetrical designs tend to not be as good as as you might hope Um, but they're cool. Yeah, they're unusual Someone's saying they don't like the nova bus lfs. I actually love the design. Um, especially of the hybrid with the consistent roof line I want a long distance train with a bunch of details That's what vancouver needs from avidsford. Yeah, but that's super expensive, right? And avidsford does not have that many people So so if you're looking at it from a kind of business case perspective There's a lot of sky train lines that make more sense before doing something like that Well, the current montreal transit is ranked best in canada I don't know that it is. I mean, I don't think there's a really an easy way of ranking it In canada. I think montreal has good transit in some ways and it falls behind toronto and a lot of other other ways And I think I think montreal and toronto blow kind of blow for blow with each other. I don't think it's clear which one is better Make more videos on montreal Yeah, I mean, I don't love so so here's a here's an aside because I I like going on to these asides um people This is this is kind of re-ranting a bit about youtube people have this tendency to kind of demand things Like i'm not saying that necessarily their intention is to demand But when you get a comment that says Make a video on this city or or or go to this city It's really like weird like would you would you tell someone to their face to just do something like that's It's pretty rude, right? It's pretty rude to comment something like that. I think not I know it's not people's intention But you know, I read the comments um on on my videos Less than I probably I try to read most of them But it's just hard with when as you grow and you get more and more comments Um, but a lot of people like demand stuff, right? It takes hours for me to make videos. So Um, just a single comment from someone who is not even polite about You should make you should consider making a video which when people say something like that like I often say Yeah, like I will consider it and I do often consider it. Um, it's something as a youtuber that frustrates me So I wanted to get that out there. Um Yeah, I'm not a I'm not a big fan of the kanzuk plan Um I don't think that there's much sense in in having secondhand european stock making their way to north america The standards unfortunately aren't the same in a lot of cases Um, and and why would you like we have word developed countries? We can buy new rolling stock and I think that we should Opinion on robot vacuum cleaners that is a random question. Um, I kind of enjoy vacuuming. I find it cathartic Um, uh, as long as it's with with like a wireless vacuum like some of those Dyson ones or whatever Um, the robot ones, I always get the perception that they don't do a very good job Right, they're gonna get stuck in wires and stuff. So I I don't think I would be a fan There's a new regina bypass which bypasses the existing bypass I mean at least it's probably not that expensive because it's probably kind of in the middle of nowhere. Sorry, regina um, but but Yeah, so yeah, I guess it's it's kind of like the calgary ring road that that they're building It's just a weird way of spending your money when you're not exactly You could invest money in better ways. I think I think rail links to the bc ferry terminals Are probably a long way off. I just don't know that there's that much argument Wouldn't the argument for tolling freeways due to pollution be more of the an argument for more carbon taxes rather than tolling? um No, I don't necessarily agree because the thing is carbon taxes tax carbon They don't tax a lot of other things, right? They don't uh, tax like nitrogen dioxide, uh pollution, they don't tax Um waste and pollution from like, uh tires for example They don't tax noise pollution They don't tax the physical impact of the car using the road that wears it down that requires You know money to be spent to maintain it. So no, I think they're separate the carbon tax the carbon part of The cost of using a car is actually not that big of A percentage of the total cost of a car on kind of like the society if if we're doing everything with tax dollars Yeah, I mean, I think if you're gonna rip out the srt, just do the subway in the srt corridor, right? But but uh What can I say? So being from the south and spending time up in the north you can see the massive divide in infrastructure and they're trying to improve the north, but ultimately Yeah, I mean, I think the uk is is kind of a weird place, right? Like You guys do have one really good rapid transit rail system And then you don't really have another right and that's weird because in canada We have a bunch of rapid transit systems and I think I've I've kind of looked into it and I think You know, we wouldn't be at london levels But if you were to like concentrate all of our true rapid transit into one city We would be like pretty globally competitive. And so it's kind of weird like we've distributed among a lot of cities um, that's not uncommon, but Uh in the uk it's just not that way. So it's it's interesting like Again, we have four metro systems in canada the uk has well to be fair the uk has three right the tine and wear glas gal subway and uh and london underground um, so Yeah, it's it's weird. Uh the way the uk set up is weird. Um, do you know, ohio is proposing an hsr line that will connect cleveland, cincinati, the troy pittsburgh, chicago and indianapolis. Um, I may have heard about it, but I don't think it's um Yeah, I mean cool if it gets built Great, but I there's a lot of proposals, right? So we need to see action Opinion on dart in dallas and trinity metro and fort worth. Well trinity metro old trains not super frequent It's okay. It could be better. Um, I guess for texas. It's probably pretty good Um dart is okay. Probably should be regional rail though Thoughts on americans versus canadiens public opinions of buses I think they're less looked down on in canada, but they still are looked down on But if you provide a great service, then it's kind of like well, okay, you can look down on me It's convenient and cheap. So, uh, I mean that's kind of my opinion in toronto, right? Like I love them using buses here because they're they're great The current so where are you going to build a portal for using line two in the srt corridor? So Um, you could do a turn, right? It's going to be a much shorter tunnel Then would be required to do then would be required for the scarborough subway as it's designed Um, the main justification being that you could build it way cheaper than the scarborough subway Another option that you could do right is you could shift the kennedy station to a different alignment And then build the new system and then overnight one day you would just switch the train alignment which has been suggested very much Like that that video of where there's a japanese subway system or train system that drops the tracks in one night And it's kind of like level and they turn it into a ramp something along those lines Um, I think like pushing sky train through our beautis corridor neighborhoods might be a challenge I mean, it would probably would be but I think it should happen. Anyways Maybe some tunneling would have to be used. It would probably have to be used in the northern areas, but I think that You know, you live in a central area of a north americ of a large north american city that's trying to invest in transit Sorry, you're gonna have to deal with With the transit Yeah, crayoning some trains is fun, right? Like I can agree with that But it's only fun when you really know the network and so you can kind of get like Where do I actually want to connect? You're not just looking at google maps and saying, ah, there's a few high rise blocks there and Hey, that's a big uh empty slot. Like let's draw it based on google maps It's when you you have an idea of how the travel pattern is working stuff I think that's the only time when you can really get the crayons out You can't do anything about the trains sizes Yeah, I mean in the uk it's gonna be really hard to To change the sizes of the trains 10 seconds um, oh The chat's being weird again Oh Go alrt versus go rer. Why not both would be my my response um Do you watch rob guy road rob guy road road guy rob on youtube? I've watched some of his videos. Yeah, they're they're cool Um rubber tire metros are good, but expensive to maintain. Maybe Um, I'm not sure about the cost to maintain to be honest. Ah, yes water is delicious Oh my goodness. I'm way behind on the chat. There's a there's a big delay As well between me talking and and you guys hearing it. So Chicago has a train station that is underground at o'hare airport This is kind of what I'm talking about. I'm aware of that but but just because something exists does not mean that I will necessarily always mention it, right? um Interesting about the green party Extending the plan to the eglinton Crosstown to pierce in I think it's a good plan. Yeah, it should definitely do it Comments on the opposition to the fourth track on the lake shore east I mean if you live at the middle of a of a of a large city The fourth largest in north america you live close to a major rail corridor Which is a passenger rail corridor, which is long band of passenger rail corridor Uh, you have good transit access Other people might not have as good transit access And so as you should expect the rail corridor may be expanded Because people in the outer areas of the city should also be able to have good transit access And which you already enjoy Um, should we steamroll entire communities? No, but is adding a track to to a train line So that people can ride trains instead of drive cars to the to the city and throughout the city is that Bad for the environment. No Should do we need to cut down a couple trees? Yes But it's kind of you know, it's you have to look at things on a macro level, right? Like would you rather us just build a bunch of highways to to support those cars? Because you need a lot of highways to carry the same number of cars as a as a track of regional rail I refuse to talk about hyperloop. It's very silly Yes, so 407 transitway is entirely grade separated. Then why not just build a rem, right? And it's it would be way better What are your favorite cars not interested? What is your favorite cars movie? um Not necessarily more interested, but yeah, I can't think of a car related movie that I'm all that fond of Oof thoughts on something. Oh I believe that's the new green leader. I don't have any thoughts haven't heard much um any video planned on the tgv Um, I don't know if it's necessarily planned immediately, but like yeah, I'm doing the high speed rail explained series Um, france is a major country for high speed rail. You should expect a video on it eventually Have you seen metro liner on youtube? Yes, but I feel like the videos are very I don't know like you have to have personality and when your video is just uh A kind of a time lapse of a system evolving. It's cool. But like yeah that wikipedia has gifts that do that I don't know that there needs to be a full youtube video for it It's impressive and it shows a dedication and a skill level in after effects, which I do not possess But uh, I don't know. I wouldn't be excited to make videos like that myself. Um, I would need to add a personal touch Should sf boston or pittsburgh called her so no system should call anything lrt Video on why chinese metros aren't all amazing, please. Yeah, that's a good idea And I think that's a good idea to be fair because they are amazing in a lot of ways But that's just when when there is a single opinion that kind of gets trotted out every time you talk about a topic Then yeah, it's cool to make a video that kind of says Hmm, maybe not Pay risk to go to your city. I'm not sure what that's in response to but I would be happy to be paid to go to people's cities Yeah, paris is pretty good You're not a fan of of kenzac because half of the uk would escape to canada australia or new zealand Not necessarily. I just don't know why we should be connected any more than any other countries, right? Like why should france not be part of that and why should um, germany not be part of that right like i'm just more for Generally more open borders easier travel probably. I mean It's hard to discuss these issues, right? They're so complicated, but I don't I just don't see why it has to be canada and new zealand australia and the uk rather than any other group of countries, right? You can only demand videos from riz if you are a majority shareholder, which I am the only majority shareholder Um, and there can only be one majority shareholder Yeah, there's a little economic argument behind it other than colonial nostalgia and colonial nostalgia is a weird thing to have nostalgia about Um least use station in france. I did not see it, but I'll probably go watch that Yeah, exactly. Yeah, if you want to fly me to to your city to whoa to to do a video I would be happy and if you want to ask nicely I I would also be happy to to consider it. I think to be fair demystified I don't want to say demystified started because of something like that But someone said you should look at Auckland city rail link project I looked at Auckland city rail link project and I went, huh?  You say I don't know someone said that's a lie. I'm not sure what they're referring to Um, the UK might have a few good transit systems, but they are not metros um Are you familiar with the arterial BRT in minneapolis in st. Paul? No, I don't follow BRT too closely There's a lot of BRT systems, but I'm generally quite skeptical Uh a lot of the time UK has a few okay Secondhand rolling stock might be considered might have to be considered On on new systems Canada's public debt is at such an extreme level that we need to grow through austerity What no, I don't really agree. We don't have to we can buy new rolling stock There's a lot of things we could do to reduce our debt loads And I don't think that buying old rolling stock that probably has a more questionable value argument behind it Because it probably requires more maintenance, etc. I don't think that's one of the the things that we should do to cut our debt down Manchester metro link really is not rapid transit. So So I don't really disagree. I disagree with the statement that this is and west midlands rail network None of these things are I'm not convinced that any of these are rapid transit networks Yeah, we should be learning from france and spain and korea as well Though I don't think that they were necessarily referring to uh kanzuk in that context I think a tampier finland. I don't know if that's how you pronounce it. I have been to finland actually, um, but only Helsinki It's opening a new light rail in august. I have a new place with a guest bedroom. Send me a message of interested It's not easy for me to send people messages But my email is on the channel if people have guest bedrooms and cool transit systems opening I am more than happy to consider traveling to various places around the world To go see said transit systems Um, yeah, it's super interesting and if opportunities like that come up. I would I would love to Um, but yeah, that is one of the challenges of traveling is it's expensive So any kind of way that it can be made less expensive makes it more feasible Metro link is probably the best outside London. That's sad because metro link ain't all that great And and that's not a really a hit necessarily on metro link It's just it's light rail, right? Like I guess some of it runs on rail corridors But if you look at the ridership, it's not all that amazing. The trains are not that big so Yeah, it's it's a little unfortunate You don't do the uk justice The rest of the uk has very good light rail systems and plans to make them much better I would really suggest you take a look at the Manchester metro link. Well previous to this message I just kind of said why I don't think it's necessarily a great system Lrt has this I have this concept of the map fallacy with lrt which is that the map looks great But the service quality the frequency the speed The stations etc. They don't really live up to what you would imagine from something that looks like better than the tube But based on the map Great my chat jumped again, so now I have to go back up um Maybe interest rates are historic lows. Yeah record debt is basically free money for the government and we should build as much as possible using cheap money. Yes um You don't get demand to demand videos. Yes indeed. That's an unsustainable system at the brink of collapse. Look at weimar germany and venezuela Uh, I don't really agree that that's what's going to happen without austerity Um, but I probably not got to talk too much about macroeconomics here Uh, I don't want to talk about yes politics again Um, I think if you're wondering why anyone dislikes public transit, you should just look at their fundamental values Yeah, UK transit bar the metros is not that great though in my opinion The only thing we should be demanding is Reese keeps on doing what he is doing. Thank you I like the Asynchronous nature of Reese answering the chat Yes, because because the messages are flying in and I take time to answer each question Is Vancouver the best city when it comes to TOD? Uh, it's probably one of the best in north america. Yeah does Ottawa With its new high rise development all around the city can they Okay, this is weirded weirdly, but can they catch up? Maybe but probably not Vancouver is really doing fantastic stuff with to do but to be fair I it is cool to see stuff popping up across Ottawa, uh right near rail stations. So keep it up Ottawa Yeah Doing austerity and cutbacks during a during a like a depression is not a great idea You need to rebrand HSR as hyper train. Oh my goodness Yeah, but the truth about it is that that just buying old trains does not necessarily have make it a good benefit to cost ratio We just need to decrease manufacturing costs, which means maybe don't build everything in expensive countries I know it's controversial. Uh, and then and then look at building stuff like Spain and Korea do What is the best way for Amtrak to cross the Appalachians? I am not sure. I'm not a an Appalachian's Geography expert. Sorry about that. I have spent time in the area though What do you think about the mid-coast trolley extension in San Diego, California? It's cool, but the San Diego trolley has a lot of issues. Maybe I'll make a video about that Yeah The mta the mta needs a lot of changes, but I think that going to zone fairs would cause a revolution to happen, right? So Yeah, london transit is good, but it is incredibly expensive Um, though, I don't know why we have to like see this is something I find weird And maybe it's a bit of a fallacy, but like why is london expensive? We should do it like china Okay, london is not Okay, china has a lot of problems. That's all i'm gonna say. There's a lot of problems in china Maybe we should have a better example than china, right? And so the better example is Paris or berlin all these places with that are more reasonable than london, but still have you know the good stuff like You can you can finish finish it yourself um mta Desperately need zones. Yeah, I mean zones are good in some ways. I do agree But uh, I don't know if necessarily it's going to make sense for the mta to move to them Why do you think there's a lack of high speed rail in the world? There's not just in north america There's a lot of high speed rail in the world broadly Thoughts on hfr. It's not amazing. You know, why not build high speed rail? We should be able to do it much more inexpensively Hi from north carolina. What do you think of charlotte's for light rail system? It's just kind of a classic light rail system, right like Charlotte is a major see this is This is the thing that upsets me right charlotte is a major city like, you know, like it's not it's not dallas or houston But again like dallas or houston cities that size in other countries would not build light rail They would build metros and and regional rail charlotte much the same Okay, get shot down to the bottom of the chat again. So I have to go scroll back up um Yeah, I can't comment on the rinware Lrt system Though I think the fact that you're calling it lrt is concerning my question would respeak at the line 5 opening I've covered the project for many years. So and I've been to Think I've been to most rapid transit openings in canada in the past few years. So uh, most likely Metrolinx is good for light rail and not a rapid transit system It's okay for light rail light rail is just not that good generally I have heard the news on rem phase 3 Well, I don't think you can really formally call it that but yes, the rem is going to be expanded even further We covered this in our future of Montreal video. So if you if you haven't seen that, please go see it hmm lips getting dry again Um, I'm going to try to end the stream in about 10 minutes But I will try to get through the rest of the messages, etc What I do want to say Is again pinned message if you can send us a transit card It would be much appreciated send us a transit card a transit map Or any kind of transit memorabilia from your city and who knows? I mean if you send us a poster or a really good map We might put it on the wall somewhere here and it would appear in all our videos So maybe that's uh incentive again the link is in the pinned comment and maybe I'll put one in the description Low interest rates is not a good thing depends on who you are um Super tram is a tram train. Yes. What do you think of california's high speed rail project? It's got a lot of problems, right? It's very expensive and it's doing a lot of stuff in ways that I wouldn't consider best practice internationally Let's see austerity is bad, but so is spending money. You don't have Okay, a lot of people getting into economic arguments Paris metro is more expensive than the london underground um When I'm talking about Paris metro, I'm not necessarily actually referring to the Paris metro I'm maybe referring more broadly to transport in Paris, which is cheaper um China's metros are rushed and not planned properly. Maybe maybe not I do think that a lot of them probably are planned pretty well like at least in terms of as a network Yeah, china doesn't do rail particularly cheaply, which is actually something worth noting like china spends a ton of money on rail um Yeah, spain is really good for mass transit and hsr expansion Yeah, so so if you're talking about rapid transit in france, I don't consider tramways to be rapid transit Just could put that out there because they're not rapid, right? They go about as fast as cars go The only thing cheap in the Paris metro single tickets, which is fine if you stand zone one, but yeah To and from the airport, for example, you're looking at 20 euros each way Yeah, but it's the rer. It's not like the you know, it's not the picadilly line Does madrid is a good or bad? Sorry, I'm I'm becoming tired and I am slurring my speech Um madrid is a good example of a lot of transit stuff A lot of infrastructure pays itself back over many times and doesn't need and and so you don't need to worry about the government deficit on it Yeah, no, definitely Um, especially in north america where we've built far too little Thoughts on the srt talked about it earlier in the stream more than once at this point In your opinion, what's the best country in public transit? I believe either france or the uk and So I don't think it's the uk definitely not the uk I don't think it's france. I think germany possibly right if we're talking about for public transit broadly the netherlands is really good Um, singapore is pretty good Australia is actually pretty good. There's a lot of places with pretty good transit. Um, yeah Canada is not all that bad I mean if you consider flights to be transit though, it's not public transit Well, you can you will soon be able to fly to most Of the major canadian cities get to get on the train get around much of the city without ever needing to touch a car Which I think is cool The next gen of go rar rolling stock hopefully something like the stabler kiss So go look at stabler kisses around the world and you'll see some of those features like lcd screens, etc Why are ontario projects so much more expensive than bc projects? I don't know that they really are um We build a lot more stuff in ontario at the moment, but um bc projects in general are not necessarily much cheaper Though when they are it's usually because they're using smaller trains Have you seen the tube the 2003 Uh youtube tv series on spark? Yes, I have I've not watched all of it though um Oh my goodness so many messages and I keep getting shut down Okay A deficit is not a bad thing necessarily um Inflation also isn't necessarily bad Um, there's a difference between borrowing for capex versus operations. You need to take out a loan. Yeah. Yeah, exactly Exactly Do you think India will run into problems by sourcing their metros from so many different companies and making so many different standards No, look at canada, right? We have a bajillion standards for rail transit and we mostly get by okay um, we could build more but China subsidizes uneconomical routes. Uh, yes, you're terrible china. How dare you? subsidize uneconomical routes It's almost like the definition of subsidy is is to pay for something which is uneconomical Though to be fair again, it's not necessarily uneconomical. We just don't have systems which Which properly represent the value that transit has, you know, like if you don't have a carbon tax You never consider the cost of carbon being released into the atmosphere or on the environment If you become a patron recently able to afford more water for my perch, yeah Yeah, if you if you want, uh, want me to not have to, uh, not have to Be parched, um Send me a super chat and I will get myself a smoothie next time. I would love that Um, what do you think about toronto trying to bury the part of the ontary line through lezelyville? Silly, why would you do that? You have a rail corridor. So you're going to bury You're going to bury you're going to bury rail under a rail corridor for nimbies. That does that does not sound like a good idea to me Um, doesn't china have prefab construction methods that That that significantly reduce construction cost? Yes, maybe but so does the rest of the world Overly large stations that uh take forever to traverse accessibility being an issue. Yes. No for sure So chinese metro systems are not perfect, but they are quite good Um, and you should commend them for being quite good and you should criticize them when they're not as you should with any system So annoying flips me down again Um, why do you think cities are willing to put down large sums of money to construct unproven systems like hyper loops or tesla tunnels? I don't think they're willing to I have only really heard of like one or two examples where they have put money down to do that So I don't think it's actually a broad problem I do not know about the west link, uh in goldenberg, uh, sweden, but I would love to learn more about it Um, he throw to london on the piccadilly line is six pounds Yeah, that's crazy six pounds is a lot to ride to ride a metro, right? What makes sense for rural area transportation service? I think maybe Some rail uh connect. That's a place where parking might actually make sense, right? And maybe some some rural on demand transit I don't think singapore is great with respect to how the circle and downtown lines have a bunch of mistransfers with downtown line crossing over itself without a station Yeah, it's not great for sure Okay, so to be clear the statement not that many people commute to airports Well, that's wrong because A lot of people work at airports and unless you live at the airport, which i'm sure some aviation fans would love You have to commute to the airport Um, best metro station you've ever been to I'm not sure what station it is, but I feel like there's one on the Ginza line actually no It's probably in japan Yeah, japan is great. What can they say? It's it's a really cool place for transport Yeah, overall Paris metro prices are way lower. Um Do you think there will ever be a new canadian train maker to fill the void unlikely? Um, I just became a patreon Uh, it's a patron But uh, but yes, no if you did. Thank you. Um I think I can see if I if I did actually just receive a new patron um, oh Oh my goodness. Well, thank you nicolas. That's much appreciated Um, yeah join patreon and you get access to videos early I do weekly blog posts that are patreon only I do I do calls with my patrons that are kind of like this except it's a voice call And i'm not responding to questions asked 10 minutes ago. Those are fun. You get a special role on discord Yeah, it's cool. It's a cool little community and And when people like want to discuss trans and stuff, it's much easier because there's only a kind of select group of patrons By the way, if you get a navigo pass, which is 22 euros per week You can take any train metro tram bus in the paris region as much as you want no matter the zone 22 euros a week is not expensive Sure Two and from the airport might be cheaper, but that wasn't really what we were discussing, right? We're discussing on the whole Will you do a video on transit in latin america? Yeah, I would I don't know why I never end up doing it, but I want to there's a lot of systems I'm interested in if you're not following me on twitter You should because I post I've been posting lately a daily every day. I post an elevated rail system a picture from one Uh, uh, they're not my pictures because I haven't been I've been to a lot of systems But I didn't take a lot of great pictures Um, but today's was mexico city um line 12. So that's a cool little, uh, cool system and a cool line Oh I just realized it's 432. Okay, I'll get through the rest of the messages and then I think the stream will probably come to an end. Um Navi goes annoying you have okay Um, I'm not sure what someone has really got it in for the Folgen Center. Yeah New York is annoying. I agree. Las Vegas went for tesla tunnels Yeah, Las Vegas doesn't have a great reputation for transit What do you think of via using double deck commuter rail cars to allow for cheaper fares? I don't know that it would but if it would sure why not use some old go cars Yeah, sure relative to the rest of city not that many people commute to airports But it depends really right like in cities with big airports a lot of people commute to airports like if you have a Heathrow or a Schiepel or a But uh an O'Hare in your city then you're you're very very much likely to Have a lot of um A lot of people commuting. Um Oh someone someone sent a super chat. I should take a look at this Please ride the Okinawa the Okawa Oikawa ABT railway the last remaining mountain cog railway in japan. Well, that's very cool. So I actually should do that. Yes No, it's a great idea and thank you for the super chat Um, I want to go back to japan for sure like it's definitely a place that if if someone said here's a plane ticket You're going to japan. I would say awesome, but uh, but as it turns out plane tickets don't grow on trees, right? So Um The monorail song from the simpsons. Oh my I liked the stations on the minato mirai line in yokohama. I haven't been to Onto that line, but it would be cool to check it out. There's a lot of cool cool ones Yeah, that is a bit annoying that they they charge you that much to use the airport rail line in sydney But but I think a surcharge of some degrees. Okay. It's awesome looking to grow in the us market. Definitely They are I mean look, they've already got that order for chicago for new commuter cars Opinion on a west extension of line two to sure way considering all the development happening around the east mall And sure way gardens. Yeah, it would be a great idea. I mean it should go all the way to miss saga. I think like miss saka city center um Toronto's airport transit is non-existent. Well, no, it's not there's the up express and there's a ton of bus service There's just not a lot of rail service New castle from sydney's so cheaply. No. Yeah, definitely Okay, let's see airport line charge and in sydney is ridiculous Great for re somewhere to go in japan. No, definitely. I do want to go there Do you think that the valley line in edmonton should be tunneled downtown because the train links can't be longer than 84 meters due to city block size the capacities one half that of the capital line also because it's not great separated right, so um Yeah, if it was tunneled downtown, would it be getting built? That's kind of the question you have to ask, right? So I don't think it Yeah, I would rather have the valley line than not have the valley line. So Technically everything made on paper grows on trees. That is true Airport and rail station connections are worth it just for tourists alone So that people don't have to drive to the city if they're staying downtown and adding extra traffic Yeah, I mean, that's a it's a good point Canadian money grows in ancient organisms that were buried by rock millions of years ago No, we're not that much of a petrodollar. We are a petro and resource dollar. I suppose Moral of the story trains in japan are great and look outlandish compared to the ones we have in the west Some do not all of them, but yeah, they are great Um I spent a whole day It has a Thomas the tank engine train as a kid. I love that show I spent a whole day once watching the transit in hikone japan using the romance car That's awesome I think europe in general the best place in the world for rail for metros to high speed rail to interconnectivity I think japan's better than europe controversial opinion. Maybe but Toronto needs a proper air link besides the up express, but that's that's what's cool about the Eglinton crosstown. Anyways, thank you so much everyone for watching the stream today I really enjoy uh doing these streams and I hope you enjoy them too Uh, there'll be another one in two weeks. Uh, I've already put up a link I've already put it up But let me find the link and I'll share it with people so that if you have a question that you didn't get to Ask or if you're just interested and you want to be informed of the next one um That I can that you can you can put a reminder on and come see the next stream because I really enjoy these They're fun. I get to talk to people and um And we get to discuss various systems in various cities Um, let me close this. Um, here is the link. Let me send it over um In the chat you can go use that link to remind yourself of the next stream Anyways, thank you so much everyone for joining me today. Oh my goodness. I'm tired I've got to go sleep and then I've got to go make more youtube videos and Work, but uh, thanks everyone and I will see you in the next one