So now that I can create multi-dimensional arrays, what happens if I want to populate it on the fly? I use the exact same mentality as before. I start with my double square brackets to indicate that this has got a width and a height to it. Two-dimensional array, distance. And just like we learned with a single-dimensional array, I can do my curly braces. Now what's happening here is again, this is good to kind of read it kind of right to left. I'm creating a collection of a collection of integers. So what this does is now that I've got this first curly brace right here, that's this guy. I'm now dealing with him right now. If I want to start building this on the fly, what happens is now I include curly braces for sort of my collection of a collection. And for our sake, if we look sort of on this table here, I would just pass these values in. So 0, 9, 8, 3, 7, 8, 7, 7, 14. Now we'll do all of them. You can skip ahead if you'd like. 375, 967, 1087.  Because how do I end this? Well, I end it with a curly brace. But the big thing I want to focus in on is that I put a comma here. Just like I would inside of my array, just like any normal separation of my elements, I put a comma in here to indicate that there is going to be another value. There's going to be another entry in here. And for my sake, I would then in turn come in and say 9, 8, 3, 0, 2, 14, 2, 17, 63, 17, 23, 23, 18, 42. I'd close my curly brace. And then I would include, wrong color, I would include another comma. And I'd continue to go down until I reached the last element in my array. 87, 42, 27, 10, 87, 39, 0. Now notice I don't need to put actually a comma here. I can if I want, but I just as a rule of thumb, don't put a comma in afterwards. Only because it's sort of already in place. I'm saying this is the ending point, so I don't want that comma in there. Now what this allows me to do is, again, this allows me to populate data on the fly, just like as if it was a normal, traditional, single-dimensional array.


Hey, this is Brett, and this 2022 Jeep Gladiator Rubicon is stock number 13602Z. I am here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, your new and used Jeep and Jeep Gladiator headquarters. This 2022 Jeep Gladiator has the 3.6 liter Pentastar V6 engine. This truck has been fully-safetyed and inspected by our service shop, has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and tapped off, and it is 100% ready to go. I'm going to go all the way around in this video, inside, underneath, start it up, and take a look under the hood to give you the most accurate representation of the vehicle possible. Snazberry pearl coat is the color, and I shoot all my videos in 4K, so if you have HD capabilities, turn them on now, because it is your best way to check out the quality condition options, and of course, cleanliness of the truck before seeing it in person. As you go down the driver's side here, you can see the boxes in really nice shape. The cab and hard top are in nice condition as well. You get the color match fenders, the color match hard top, all goes very well together. The front fender is in great shape. If you like the video, you can subscribe to my YouTube channel, which is youtube.com slash Summit Auto. Click the bell notifications, and you'll get updates on the videos I do each and every day here at Summit Auto of our new and used inventory, as well as one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walk-arounds on YouTube, so that's pretty sweet as well. This one comes with the painted and polished aluminum wheels. These are 17-inch wheels, and it has Falk and Wild Peak AT tires. These are LT28570R17s, and I would say they have probably about 80 to 90% of the tread left on them. You get the Fox shocks with the Rubicon package. Once again, front fender looks really good. It does have the LED running lights, the LED headlights, and the LED running lights in there. You also get LED fog lamps. We'll turn all of those on at the end of the videos, so you can see just how nice and bright they all are. You also get the granite crystal inserts on the lights and grille there. You get the sport hood, no dents or dings on that, and the passenger side front fender is in fantastic condition as well. Passenger side front wheel, no major scuffs or scrapes on there, and as you go down this side of this 2022 Jeep Gladiator, take note of how clean that body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. Take these HD videos, so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the truck, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here, so when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. If this video helps you make that buying decision, let your salesman know that you saw the video that was helpful and that Brett sent you. Back wheels in great shape, and the back tires have just as much tread as the front tires. The frame and underbody looks really good back here, and it's like that all the way underneath. You get the rock rails on there with the Rubicon package. This is a five-foot box coming around the back. Rear bumper is in great shape, and it does have the metal rear bumper. Has the rear bumper parking sensors, full towing package, which includes the receiver edge, four pin and seven pin wiring, and the tailgate is in really nice condition as well. There's some sensor dings in there, and it does have the locking tailgate and LED lights. Get the spray and bed liner, side box tie downs, and LED lighting in the bed as well. Beds in really nice shape, and for full disclosure, this back wheel is in perfect condition as well. Down the rest of this side, doors all look really good. Door hinges, no corrosion on them.  You get the red stitching as well as the Rubicon stitching on the backrest. Really nice and clean, factory format. It does have auto headlamps, and these front seats are heated. Power mirrors, power locks, take a quick look at the back seats.  You get the manual sliding rear window with the built-in rear defrost. These seats do fold down, and you can store stuff back here, and then you can lock it, because there's a lock right here. You can lock that with the ignition key. So when you have the hard top off, you can keep things valuable back there and nobody's going to get to them.  To get that hard top off, we actually did a video on how to get your Gladiator hard top off. That's in the upper right hand part screen, linked in the description below, so check that out. And these seats also go up. You get a storage compartment back here. This is your bag for your front hard top pieces, and you also have a spot where you can put your door hinge and hard top bolts, so that's pretty nice as well. Back here, you get two USBs, two USB-C's, 115 volt, 400 watt plug-in, and then your rear window controls as well. Child safety locks on the back doors will hop inside, check out the miles, the radio, and everything that this G passed off around the interior. You can see that this one has 9,716 miles on it. You do get the 7-inch LCD digital display with the digital speedometer. You get the heated leather wrap steering wheel, cruise controls on the right, Bluetooth and information center controls on the left, audio controls on the back of the steering wheel. This one has the 8.44C radio with the factory navigation system. There's highway 41, so you can see that is working nicely. You get AM, FM, and Sirius XM radio capabilities. You can do your heated seats and heated steering wheel there, as well as your backup camera. What's nice is they've made these backup cameras HD, so they are crystal clear, and also zoom in on your receiver hitch to get hooked up to your boat camper or trailer the first time every time. Then you have all your different apps on here, including off-road pages and projection manager where you can project your cell phone to the screen. We did a demo on Android Auto, that's in the upper right-hand part of the screen as well. Then the off-road pages take a second to load, so while they're loading I will tell you that you get the manual or the more tactile buttons and knobs tuned in volume as well. And climate controls down here, your start-stop capabilities. So you get the off-road pages there, he may be lost but never stuck in a gladiator.  You got your steering angle, so as you turn that steering wheel that changes, and you have your sway bar if it's connected or disconnected for an axle, if it's locked or unlocked, same thing with the rear axle. So a lot of cool stuff you can do with this radio. Down here is your start-stop, stability control, parking sensors, speed, crawl control. You can turn the screen off, down here your window controls, AUGS USB and USB-C.  This is really what makes a Rubicon a Rubicon aside from the other trim levels that are out there. You get the gladiator on the top of the 8-speed automatic shifter, and your 4x4 shifter is right there.  So it's a nice chunky key fob. Always know which key you have in your pocket. Get your red dash on there, part of that Rubicon package and the passenger side floor mat end seat are in excellent condition. The other cool thing that this one has is you get the insulated hardtop pieces. Keeps it a little bit warmer in winter. It also cuts down on the sound when you're on the highway. So really a nice piece to have right there. SOS and assist buttons in your auto-dimming mirror as well as your homelink buttons for your garage door. Security systems and lighting systems. We'll start it up and take a look under the hood and check out all those LED lights. Starts right up. No check engine lights or anything like that. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you've been able to verify the quality, condition, the options and of course, cleanliness of this truck all the way around inside and out. I think it's in really nice shape. Under the hood, you get the 3.6 liter V6 Pentastar engine, 285 horsepower, 260 foot pounds of torque. Engine bay is very clean, runs very smooth. Once again, this Jeep has been fully safe to eat and inspected by our service shop as a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. See your windshield washer fluid is full there. And this Jeep is 100% ready to go. I would highly recommend this Gladiator from a quality and condition standpoint. And to see more pictures of this Jeep for one of our other 550 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, wranglers, you name it, we got to go to that website right there at SummitAuto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle all at SummitAuto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to YouTube.com slash SummitAuto. Remember, we have one of the largest catalogs of vehicle walkarounds on YouTube, so definitely check that out. In fact, in a second, you'll see a link to subscribe to my YouTube channel and to the upper left. A link to more Gladiator videos I've done in the upper right. Link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest YouTube videos in the lower right. Quick those, check us out. And we're super excited to be offering this, like new, 2022 Jeep Gladiator Rubicon in Snasbury ProCoat. Thanks again for checking out the video. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on the YouTube channel. I really appreciate it. Thanks again.


Shoot down the temperature like so keep your distance. Yes, sir Let's stay focused watch your sectors There's the communications outpost Could be the missing troopers, let's check it out Put us down on the plug. I want your eyes in the sky, sir Let's go six All right, noble team spread out watch the approach The stress beacons coming from just south of your commander for close Roger that ice peel, but it's military Why are we not seeing explosives residue noble three can you confirm any EX residue in the area? There's a lot of blood on the ground All right, noble looks like there's nothing here. Let's move on Smoke at the next structure bus circle west and check it out noble team you have permission to engage But be selective. We don't even tell a graph of presence. We'll six move into the house I'm seeing heat seeks in the structure ahead They're not rebels their farmers look at them ask them what they're doing here mid-crash to keep But never cut up in Holly hiding sir high class night fear that we had screams gunfire Stop around sunrise Says something in the fields killed his son something Copy that get them back inside Osmont on Bethlehem getting Noble team double time We've got military casualties two of the missing troopers Looks like they were interrogated It's messy


We just made this entryway table with only five two-by-fours and six easy steps And we'll show you how we did it right now What is up? Welcome back. Do you like to do it build it or make it? Well, that's what we do here every week So you should subscribe hit that bell to be notified of our new videos each week this week We're making an entryway table and six easy steps using nothing but two-by-four us And I think it was six boards five boards. I think it was five boards with six easy steps Step one make all of your cuts. We made all our cuts out of all of our two-by-fours and we did a rough sand We're gonna put the cut list down below debt to We assemble the legs.  I felt very xy So we've made all of our cuts already remember Now we're just gonna put them up do it and tack it second leg as same as the first the leg brace the center brace It's gonna keep them apart Together together apart. We already did our pocket holes. We're just gonna attach it All right, we're gonna set this aside for now and we make the tabletop We're gonna pin a bunch of two-by-fours together using glue and pocket hole screws attach the sideboards To the top to the tabletop step six Last step told you it was super easy We're gonna put the legs on the tabletop We're using these two-inch screws again made out of screws and some wood Mainly screws and some wood Two-by-fours You want to tilt them maybe show the front a little bit? I guess we'll show it in the montage. Yeah, let's find out we're gonna do it Little sand Little stain We'll see you on the other side. Good job, baby. Do you like to do it yourself? Build it yourself make it yourself So do we so if you want to see more projects, and you're not yet subscribed Go ahead and hit that subscribe button down below and remember to hit that bell to be notified of our new videos each week Before you go check out one of these other videos over here over on this side. There's a subscribe button other videos to watch subscribe button


Hello, this is a video on how to calculate the five number summary. Find the five number summary for the data sharing. So the first thing we need to discuss is what is the five number summary? It consists of the following five numbers. Your minimum data value, your first quartile, your median, also known as your second quartile, your third quartile, and then your maximum data. That would be what the five number summary is. So we'll use Google Sheets to find it. You will go to the one variable stats tab and you will first clear out column A and then type in your data. You can type it in whatever order you want. It doesn't really matter. Just type in all of the data that they gave you in the question. You can try copying and pasting it over if you want. If that doesn't work too well, try copying over into Excel and then moving the data over a column by column. So the five number summary would be the first five rows you see over here on to the side. You have the minimum, quartile one, median, quartile three, and the maximum. So that would be the answer to our question. So the minimum is five, first quartile is 15, the median is 42.5, the third quartile is 68, and the maximum value is 94. And that's how you find the five number summary. And be sure you give the five numbers exactly in this order, at least the greatest order. Thank you for watching.


This year, during National Library Week, University Libraries wanted to honor our faculty and staff who work behind the scenes to make accessing our electronic resources possible. For National Library Workers Day on April 21, 2020, we asked some of them to share what they do, why it's important, and how they are coping with the new realities of working from home and social distancing. This video is a compilation of their responses. Hello, my name is Brenda Lewis. I am the Library Electronic Resource Specialist of the University Libraries. My job entails enabling the electronic resources, which include electronic books, electronic journals, and databases. I've tried to take advantage of some of the resources that we have in the library, as far as some of the films and videos that we have. My name is Lindsay Lowry. I am the Electronic Resources Librarian. Right now, all of our faculty members and our students are all working from home, and it's more important than ever to make sure that all of our professors and all of our students can get to what it is that they need to get to. And I work on a team of four people, and it is our job, the four of us, to make sure that you have access to everything that you need in order to get your school work done. All I'm doing right now is taking on new recipes, trying to find new fun things to cook in the kitchen. We are also weekly having Zoom parties with our family. Hi, my name is Gabi Marks. I'm the ILL landing coordinator at the University of Alabama Library, and we're working with five staff members on IRR requests, which includes landing, borrowing, and document delivery. We are the ones who are looking for it, finding it, and providing it. We do a lot of Zoom meetings and the same with my friends and family, like we're all worried, but we're coping and we're hanging in there. We'll get through this. I'm Donna Minor. I'm the Circulation Services Manager for the Branch Library. If a patron has a question about a fine on their record and they're having trouble registering for summer classes, they can still contact us. We still have the ability to go in and look at their record and get the problem resolved for them. But one of the really great services we've instituted is reference chat, and all of the branch employees are participating in that. When I log into work at eight o'clock every morning and I, for the first period of time, I check my email. There are certain things that I do. I have a scheduled meeting at nine o'clock and I try to keep my day as normal as possible. My name's Jacob Robertson and I'm the Institutional Repository Specialist here at the University of Alabama. And what I do is I conduct the copyright research. What the IR does is it allows the opportunity for those who don't have the means to access these scholarly works to go onto ir.ua.edu and access thousands and thousands of research articles. I've basically been trying to pick up new hobbies that I put down a long time ago, like playing piano, for example. Or maybe I'll dig into some artwork. I got this new drawing tablet that I'm trying to, you know, learn the ins and outs of, have Photoshop, courtesy of University of Alabama OIT Department. Hi, my name is Catherine Smith and I am the Systems and Technical Processes Librarian at the University of Alabama Libraries. So my main responsibilities are to keep the systems that power the library running. So typically that means the software that we use to power circulation functions and purchasing of both print and digital resources. But that also involves the mechanisms by which we provide off-campus access to our licensed digital content. So to deal with a lot of the pressure of working from home and social distancing, I have been doing a lot of gardening. The weather has been fantastic. So I and my spouse have been getting outdoors, we've been going out on walks. Hi, I'm Carol Wyatt and I am the Technology Development Librarian. And what that means is I write and maintain the code for the library websites. It would be really hard to access our amazing electronic resources without a portal to get to them. And that is what the website really is, is a portal to all of those resources. So there is, I'm not alone, I'm just one person on a team of people who maintain that website and make sure that the information is safe and that all of our patron information is safe. Last week we set up the Ask a Librarian Chat feature that's available on the website currently. We've been playing a lot of lawn games, Frisbee and Croquet, just so we can get outside and enjoy the magnificent weather that we've been having.


The role of side dishes when you put out the barbecue spread is you want everything to kind of work together so that you can deliver an unforgettable backyard experience. Some of the key flavors that parallel well with barbecue to help make that spread complete could be potato salad, for example, with the mustard, the mayonnaise, the little bit of spice that's complementing each other, coleslaw, so that you can get a little bit of crisp, cool bite, something that's light and bright, and it's finished off with a little bit of cayenne.


So just a couple things about my talk. I show a lot of data, a lot of screenshots, because I can't just talk about SEO. I have to show SEO. So please just do make sure you can see the screen. The other thing, this is not necessarily an SEO 101 talk. There's a lot of really great talks right after this on Google Analytics. Mickey Mellon is doing an SEO talk later. On the latest change is Google. Christine Lakin, yep, right here, is doing a talk on SEO and accessibility, which is really important. So make sure to catch the other SEO talks later as well. And there will be time for Q&A after. So the holy grail of ranking on page one, like I'm talking a big game, right? Like we're going to have to, I'm going to have to really prove myself on why this is such an important topic. But it is very specific. We're going to get a little bit tactical and a little bit technical and a lot nerdy, right? Because it's SEO. So let's go ahead and get started. I am Jenny Munn, and this topic is ranking on page one, featured snippets. And when people were asking me what I was talking about, I was like, well, featured snippets, thinking that everybody knew what that was. But I was really surprised the amount of people were like, what is a featured snippet? So that is the topic of the day. So what we're going to be discussing is the evolution of SEO and really why recent changes have kind of culminated in what we're seeing today and why things are the way they are and why this is such an important topic. We're going to be talking about featured snippets 101, the who, what, why, where, when, how, all of that information to really provide you guys with a good comprehensive overview on this. And then I give lots of case studies and examples. So hopefully none of my clients are in the room. I mean, I know they're not. But hopefully they're not because I give a lot of behind the scenes information, which I think is really important and talk about the approach that I know organizations have used or that I've used myself, which have or have not worked. So that's going to be today. There will definitely be time for Q&A again at the end if you want me to expand on any particular area because I will be talking about terms like backlinks and click-through rate and some specific data. So again, if you're lost, make sure to ask at the end as well. So just a quick note about me. Wordpress and WordCamp is very near and dear to my heart because I started out my dream 10 years ago now as a website copywriter. And when I say and I launched my business, I pretty much like hit publish on my website, my beautiful WordPress website that you see over here, which I totally like took some trademark images with the coffee cups like in the steam going. And I pretty much have the happiness bar, technical geniuses to thank because I came to my first WordCamp in 2010, I believe. And I plunked down my laptop and I was like, help me because I wasn't technical, but thank goodness for WordPress. You don't have to be. It just so gives you so much power to do wonderful things like this and to follow our dreams. So I quickly had my website up. I waited for all the business to come to me. Business does not just come to you just because you published your website, right? Which I totally thought it would. And so being an introvert, I didn't want to have to make cold calls. I didn't want to have to network and I, you do have to do that. I did end up doing that, but I also found out that what people were telling me was they Googled Atlanta Copywriter and that's how they found their copywriters. And so I figured out, and this was again eight, nine, 10 years ago, I had to get up to the top of Google in order to get more clients and avoid that up and down that many freelancers often face. So fast forward, I started teaching others how to do SEO. Today I'm a Google partner, which is for ads. I speak on behalf of AMA. I'm part of their faculty for their digital marketing conferences. And I work with clients in the K-12 education world. Okay, so enough about me. Let's get to the evolution of SEO and website traffic. And I've got four trends I want to talk about today. So back in the day, the SERPs, which stands for search engines results page, was pretty basic, right? But would you guys say that, is it a fair statement to say that SEO has changed a good amount over the years? Yeah. And this is where we get the term, the 10 little blue links, if you've ever heard that, because this was pretty cut and dry. This is what the results looked like in Google. But fast forward to today, this is a search for organic meat that was back in the day. This is the current view for what it looks like for organic meat today, okay? So pretty different. So let's explore some of these elements. If you Googled organic meat, again, depending if you were logged in, what your search history is, what websites you've clicked on, where you live, your results may or may not look somewhat like this. So the very first thing we see is one, two, three, four ads, okay? And this is one of the biggest changes over the years. People get so mad at Google, but Google is a for-profit business. The way they make money is through ads. So a couple years ago, the ads used to be kind of off to the side in the right column. Now, I think with the changes being mobile first, everything is streamlined. Google is definitely prioritizing their ads so they take up a very prominent chunk above the fold of the search engine's results page. So you see four ads. You also see Google Shopping ads as well, okay? So that takes up the whole first half. Then you see the map result and local listings underneath that, which is so interesting. And this has happened also a lot over the past year or two. I didn't type in organic meat Atlanta. I didn't type in anything geographically orienting the search, but I do think that Google is trying to interpret the intent of people and what they're looking for. This search is kind of ambiguous. So they're like, well, let's throw the map on there. I have a client ranking for organic pecans and it's his map result that comes up, which is very, you know, it's again, it's kind of strange, but I see this more and more. And a couple years ago, I stood up here and I said, the number one worst keyword you could ever try to target was the word weight loss.  And today I stand corrected because you Google weight loss and you see local Atlanta, again, based on where you are, you see local results, okay? So never say never, okay. So you see the local results, right? Very interesting. Then you drop down and you get your very first true organic little blue link listing, just one of them. And then you get the PAA, the people also ask search box, okay? And I feel like I see that feature. Do you guys see what I'm talking about? That little toggle, I can't see that, but you open one and then a couple more drop down and if you open two or three, forget it, like the accordion style takes up the whole screen, which I like that, that's pretty good. And as a side note, you should pay attention to those keywords because those are words that Google is emphasizing as good keywords you might wanna target for your topic. So you see listing number one with a pretty big meta description, right? And then you see people also ask. Then you can see the arrow, which is a little bit more than halfway down the page. That's when you finally see the listings for spots two through 10, okay? So very different. Before you even get to the website results, which is where we wanna be, you have to get through a lot of information and most people just aren't getting that far anymore. Oh, okay, let me show my video, which is super not exciting, but I also, because we're mobile first, right? I just wanted to show you guys what the same search looks like on the mobile screen. Well, it didn't like that. Okay, maybe. Okay, this was me recording my finger scrolling down. So not high tech. Basically, I just wanna show you guys a kind of mimics desktop with a few changes. There's a couple AMP articles in there. There's a feature that says stories, which is articles from health experts right there. And you can click on more stories. And it takes you to a screen with more interesting articles from health experts and organic meat debates, right? Because what's more controversial than I think this topic right now, that's not controversial, but whatever. Okay, there's a lot of opinions. And so the mobile search looks like that too. You have to get through a lot of elements before you get to the organic search results. So what this is all leading to is that the SERPs is a very diverse place to be. Besides just those features, you might see one of these other many features that are just, you know, it's what the world of SEO and Google looks like today. So depending on the type of query, if it's e-commerce, you'll see a lot more Google shopping ads. You'll see these reviews in here. If it's a local search, you'll be inundated with local map pack results also. So again, depending on what space you guys are in, you really have to understand who are the competitors who you're competing with that click for. And this is just one of the biggest changes that your website ranking on page one is not the end all be all it used to be. You might have to have more videos. You might have to optimize your images and have those more. So you just have to understand the space you're playing in and what is ranking for your keywords. So the second trend is that Google has been very forthcoming, which is a little bit unusual for Google, right? And talking about some of the things that they're focusing on and how they want marketers and webmasters and stakeholders and businesses to step it up. What they say is that people want the answers to questions and they say, you know, we've really changed from a search engine to an answer engine. People don't want trillions of webpages. And I know I sure as heck don't want to go to page two, three, four, five to get to the answer that I want. I want things a lot faster, right? We don't have time for that. So Google knows we want the answer not trillions of website pages. So all these changes and evolutions they've been making over the last few years are designed to help get people to this because Google has a lot of competition these days. I think there's a statistic out there that says that 80% of the time that we spend on our phones are spent in apps. We're not spending it on Google and we're all on our phones most of the time. I know I'm in Pinterest a lot, sometimes Instagram, definitely an audible. Like I'm not on Google searching for things. And this is kind of a fight that we're seeing going on. Every platform, everybody wants to keep people on their platform. So Amazon is taking over the world. Facebook is trying to keep people on their platform a lot longer. They're starting to roll out and publicize a jobs feature similar to LinkedIn because they're trying to keep people. Google's trying to keep people. And they know if they're not instantly providing people these answers, people are gonna leave and look elsewhere. Like I know that I go to my Facebook groups a lot to get the answers. I'm rarely in Google looking for specific things anymore. So they recognize this and they're trying to scramble to keep up with what we show that we're wanting. And one of the things they said that they're going towards is a query-less way to get information. And when I first saw this, I was like, oh, query-less? Well, it does not mean voice search, but it doesn't. What they're saying is that they wanna provide people with enough content and some comprehensive answers and some content around the topic that people can keep following the rabbit hole without having to go back to the search bar and change their search. So again, how can they get more information and more and more and more without having to type or speak something in? And I think one of the best examples of this is this search. I know it's a little hard to read. You don't have to read it necessarily, but this was a search I did for the keyword common core math because I had just gotten a new client. They are a math curriculum provider based out of Australia. So one of their target, you know, of our most important keywords is common core math. And so, of course, I was doing my SEO due diligence. I was Googling our most important keywords, trying to get an idea of do we need videos? Do we need more images? Do we need content? You know, what do we need in order to start knocking the people who are on page one off and try to get us up there? So I kind of saw this interesting result to the right. You know, you're familiar with the knowledge graph in Google's kind of box to the right, giving a bunch of information. What I saw though was this little feature here where it's almost like a people also ask accordion of other topics within common core math that you might find interesting. And when I opened it, I toggled one, you could see they were providing this snippet of information right there to the right. And I had never seen that before. So again, I don't have to, I could keep going down the rabbit hole without having to change my query and my keyword and my search and get all the information I could ever want. And this is how Google is trying to provide people with information to keep staying on their platform. And again, I'm not ever really surprised by anything. I keep seeing these weird features on my phone and in desktop and you just can't ever be surprised by these different features, but you have to be aware of them and make sure you're adjusting your strategy to meet these trends. So trend number three makes me laugh. Here's what Google came out and said last year about the search behavior today, all of us and how we search and what we want. Inpatients, immediate action, instant gratification, even some impulsiveness are just a handful of descriptors for behavior today. We are empowered and emboldened by information. We can pull our phones out and get whatever we need at the drop of a hat. And in 2019, searchers want more useful information, more personalization and more immediacy. And I kind of think that this makes us sound like little toddlers, right? We want instant gratification, we're having temper tantrums, we want what we want when we want it. What we need to think of as business owners and marketers and webmasters and stakeholders in our organization is we can't have websites that load in 11 seconds. We can't have outdated elements on our website. I have a client with so many flash player videos that don't work and has that big puzzle icon. We can't not have mobile friendly websites. You can't have copy that's not on point and vague because you can't expect people to go down the rabbit hole and go to from your homepage to your blog posts and learn all about how awesome you are. We don't have time for that and that's not what searchers want. So you have to make sure that you really understand your consumer today and you're meeting these needs with these search behaviors that we all have, like little toddlers. And then this last trend. So, zero click searches. Is anybody familiar with this, that name, zero click searches? It's relatively new. I think it was coined here by Rand Fishkin. And what this is is when the answer is displayed directly in the search results without attribution or a link to the source credit. So here's an example just of this direct answer, the zero click search you're seeing is that this client who I just had at a math company in Australia, when we meet, when we talk, we do our webcam or a screen share, I know it's gonna be seven AM or it's gonna be nine PM at night because of the time difference. They are way across the world. So when I'm proposing times, I'm always like, okay, well we just changed time zones in March. Did they change or did we just change and how does that work out? So I'm always going to Google and Googling EST versus AEST which is her Australian time zone. There's several in Australia because it's a big country and thank goodness I don't have to go to a website anymore, plug in my time because that's what I used to have to do to do the time conversion. Google tells me right then and there, Australian Eastern standard time is 14 hours and it gives me the time and I'm like okay, thank goodness, I can do this now. I don't have to click anymore which to me as a consumer, this is like glorious, right? Like I don't have time to click through and do a website converter as a marketer. It's a little bit less glorious and it's a little bit scary that answers are being provided right there. And if you can see Rand Fishkin's face, like he is super fired up about this. Rand Fishkin, if you guys don't know him, he is the founder of Moz. He is like the godfather of SEO. He is super disturbed by this and I put a couple links here. He did a really great whiteboard Friday which talks about here are some things you can do to combat this because this is a very increasing trend that we're seeing. There's a lot of zero-click searches. You don't have to click anywhere. The publisher's information was taken and put directly onto the SERPs. I also see this because in analytics, I'm always having to double check my data and my mindset. I'm like, okay, how do I measure the growth? What is the growth percentage of analytics for this keyword? And I'm always looking at number and data and I'm having to check myself to Google. How do you do growth percentage increases again? And it'll tell me right then and there. So in that instance, again, we're getting instant answers and it's pretty great from a user experience. From a marketer, it's a little bit scarier and you will see these more and more. So what does all this mean? All these new trends that we're seeing. It means that attention spans have gone down. We already know that there's been a lot of studies. Our attention span is less than that of a goldfish. Our users and our customers and our prospects have this mindset as well. There is more than ever competing with attention. I think just the changing SERPs, it's just a lot less likely. We saw that those 10 little blue links, that's all the options people have. If you were spot one or two or three, chances are pretty good and you're gonna get the click. Today, not so much. So again, a heck of a lot less clicks than ever. And that is something I've seen over the years. Clients are upset. They're like, well, our SEO traffic has gone down. And I say, well, we're still ranking on page one. The ranking hasn't changed, but people aren't coming to your website. You might have to have videos.  Things are changing and we just have to adjust. And so what are one of those things that we can do to adjust? And that's featured snippets. So now we're gonna kind of get into the whole point of this talk and the who, what, where, why, when, how. So what is a featured snippet? This is a featured snippet. It is, at its most basic definition, an element in the SERP. It is a box that contains the answer to the query. But how this is different than my Australian Eastern Time Zone conversion is because you see the website link right there pretty prominently. So this actually provides attribution for people to click through. So there is, there's three elements. The first is you'll see a little text snippet. The second is you'll see an image and something really interesting, well, I think it's interesting, to note about this is half the time the image URL is different than the text snippet URL. So you have the text result from one website and the image pulling from a second totally different website. Both are awesome, people can click on both, but that's something that I see too. So we're gonna talk about image optimization as well. And then the third is that source attribution link. So that is featured snippet 101. And you might hear me call this position zero because I think the term featured snippet is a little bit too close to some other SEO terms that I won't say because I feel like I don't wanna confuse you guys so I'm not even gonna go there, but if you do have a question about that after, let me know. So I might call this position zero more than I call it a featured snippet, but it's the same thing. So, okay, why? Again, we kinda talked about why these are so important, but let me go a little bit more into depth about why, because I wanna convince you guys, here's some of these things that you should pay attention to. So we talked again about evolving SERPs, zero-click searches. Those reports coming out all the time, Path Interactive, which was reported by Search Engine Journal, just came out with a study that says younger audiences are more likely to skip the click. And for everything we kind of know about millennials and the younger generation who's even more instant gratification than maybe some of us, that seems a lot less likely, right? They are not gonna spend the time to go to our website if they can't quickly find the information they want. In fact, Spark Turro, which again, I'm sorry to talk so much about manfishkin, but he's awesome. This is his company, he spun off of Moz, and he did a study reported also by Search Engine Journal. I feel like I have to say that, so there's some credibility to it. 34% of all desktop searches result in no click. On mobile, 63% of users never click on results. Okay, so that's a little bit scary, right? We're working so hard to get our content found invisible and people aren't even gonna click on it, right? So that's happening. The second reason, and I'm gonna go into a little bit more about the second and third, voice search in higher than average click-through rates that come along with this featured snippet position zero. So let's get into voice search a little bit. I'm not gonna talk too much about it. Besides, it's funny, it just seems to be this like mysterious topic that nobody knows what to do with. Everybody's talking about it, nobody knows how to make it actionable. And SEOs, we're still trying to figure out what we do with these smart devices and voice search. Right now, how you optimize for voice search is getting to the top of Google and trying to get into these featured snippets. And I'll give you this specific example. So I have a client I consult with occasionally. They're called Brainscape. I went to high school with the founder Andrew and they're in New York and they're like one of these 10-year-old startups. They've been a startup for 10 years, which is probably pretty common, right? And he was saying, so they do online flashcards and they are super lucky. They've got a lot of user-generated content which is on super specific terms, a lot of long tail terms. They rank so well. They have certified flashcards, like they have a bajillion, like a backlink, like an SEO's dream of what a backlink profile looks like. And they rank for hundreds of these featured snippets. And he was all sad because his biggest competitor ranks for thousands. And so that's like first world SEO problems, right? Like he was lamenting the fact that he only ranks for hundreds of these. But again, putting it all in context. And so he was telling me that his investors think it's super impressive when he goes to do his quarterly pitch decks and he's going to them that they really do perform so well on SEO. And he says it's super impressive when he can pull out his phone and talk to it and Google reads the results. So let me see if I can mimic that and make it happen and the mic can pick it up just to show you guys exactly what we're talking about here. What is the hardest part of medical school? According to Brainscape, the board exams to become a certified medical doctor are universally regarded as one of the most difficult parts of medical school. The first exam. Okay, so that's it. But when it says according to Brainscape, like the investors are like, oh yeah, great job, you know? So that happens. I remember going to a voice search event a couple of months ago at April's Meetup, which was super awesome. You guys definitely make your way to the WordPress Meetups around town.  And I said to Amazon's Alexa, I said, Alexa, what are the best plugins for WordPress? And she goes, hmm, I don't know what that is. Okay, and then I go to Google. I'm like, hey Google, what are the best plugins for WordPress? And Google's so smart. It goes, according to WPBeginner, the best plugins for WordPress are la, la, la, la. And so, you know, it's like, well, WPBeginner, a very recognized website. Like obviously they're rocking it. They probably have a lot of these featured snippets. So there is a lot of street cred that comes along with your result being the top one that's read. And the more you can do in that, as more people are doing their voice search, it has a replaced text search, but it is growing. So again, that is, it's the result that's read in voice search. That's another reason why this is so important. Okay, so this is where we get a little bit nerdy with the data. Higher than average click-through rates. So here's an example from a company I worked with. And again, maybe that's a little hard to read, but I'll explain it. They are a language advocacy organization. So what that means is, you know, everybody's all big with Steam and STEM and technology and kids need to learn. And I'm probably at the wrong conference talking about this. Like everybody has to know how to code, but this organization came to me because they're trying to balance that with learning a second language is important. There are so many jobs that come along with knowing another language. And so we need to get our message out there and help amplify and balance that with all of the Steam, STEM conversations. So I came on board, and one of the very first things I saw was they had not optimized their website in any form or fashion. And they were part of a larger association. So they had a lot of credibility coming to them because they were linked from lots of.gov websites. They had some great backlinks, okay? So that was not their problem. They just had never done foundational SEO. And a little SEO can go a long way. So when I was making a list of URLs and content to optimize, of course, homepage came first. The homepage is the most important page of your website. But soon after, they had linked to one of their core articles, which was the 10 benefits of learning a second language. So that was second on my list. So I quickly optimized that one. And pretty soon, we started to move on to page one pretty quickly. And again, the reason I mentioned why they had some good backlinks because moving to page one pretty quickly doesn't always happen if you don't have some of the right foundational SEO. For them, it did happen quickly. So we moved up to page one pretty quickly and we were hovering around the middle of page one. I remember doing their monthly analytics like a month or two later. And I was comparing month to month. And I saw that the click-through rates went through the roof for that same keyword, benefits of learning a foreign language. It jumped from an 8% click-through rate to a 25% click-through rate. And I was like, okay, wow, that's really big. We only moved up two spots. And so we moved up, we were at spot seven on page one. We bumped up to spot five, okay? So that incremental change should not have produced a 300% click-through rate. So immediately I went incognito mode and I Googled our keyword, benefits of learning a foreign language. And sure enough, I saw that we had gained the featured snippet spot, position zero. And there was no other change. So that alone was like, okay, wow, we totally jumped up. We were still halfway down. There were still other websites that organically ranked ahead of us. But because we had that spot, we got so many more clicks. And again, you think that, well, the snippet's right then and there. Why would people click through? But for a lot of searches, people do need more information. But having that spot gives people such a piece of mind that, okay, well, if Google put that there, it's an unconscious thought. If Google put that there, then that seems credible. I'm gonna click that. Yeah, question. So the snippet isn't something you can create but a core pay for. It's Google generated. That is such a great point. Did you guys hear the question? The question was, you can't pay for it. It's not like, I mean, that would be kind of cool, but not really. You can't pay for that spot. You could pay for an ad, which I don't even think the ads take up. Most of the time, they don't take the spot. No, you don't pay for it. It is programmatically, it's algorithmically calculated. And that's the other reason I didn't wanna use another word, schema. A lot of people think schema generates this and it does not. This is an algorithmic calculation, how Google decides what to emphasize. And so we are gonna talk about, well, how do you get this more? Because you can't pay for it. You can't inject code in the backend. This is something that's gotta be done through a few specific areas. You can't get it to a client to say, you know what you need is a snippet. You can't. You can't necessarily from that perspective. Yeah. Yeah, you can't guarantee it. No. Okay, so this is what we're seeing here and what we're dealing with. And I was like, this is awesome. And so just continuing on with the data. Again, maybe a little bit hard to see, but that article, it ranks for several keywords. It's got really great click-through rates, 30%, 21%, 17%, 40% click-through rate, whereas their brand, of course, has a 68 click-through rate, because that's the brand. People are searching on that organization. They're probably going to click on it, but it's up there and the clicks that they get have surpassed even their brand name clicks. And I see that a lot. When an article or a blog post or a piece of content does really well, it will surpass your brand name, which for an SEO person, that's pretty awesome. Okay, so here's a second example. I worked with an e-commerce client a couple years ago and they had already been through several SEO people. They had great SEO. What they did, they had this cosmetic product that covered up face scars. And they relied on SEO so heavily because when people had this makeup, I'm trying to think of an embarrassing topic that people don't talk about on social media. Like some embarrassing product like us women use, but we don't want to tell everybody we use it, okay? So this was one of those where people just don't, oh my gosh, I love my makeup that covers my scar from my surgery or my dog bite or an acne scar. So they didn't have a lot of people talking about it. Openly they had a lot of customers who were huge advocates, but it wasn't something where they would get a lot of word of mouth. So they did rely on SEO. They had great SEO for people looking for makeup to cover scars. And they said, okay, we're already on page one, but how can we grow from here? So when I came in, I said, okay, we're already number one for all the keywords that perfectly describe you. What we have to do is go higher up the funnel and think about what are the keywords people are using before they realize they need a makeup? Like are they, you know, and what we discovered is people Google the words cream, they Google other treatments besides they ever think of makeup because that's kind of an unusual product. So they Google gel and creams, surgeries, a lot of alternatives. So what we went and did was we created content around these other areas before people even realized that they needed a makeup. And I call this sideways SEO. So it's when you come in and you approach SEO and growth from not directly head on, they had already cornered the market and scar makeup. It's coming in from one of the other perspectives your target market has in mind and how can we now go after those and introduce people to you? So we created a ton of content around some of their competitor products. So for example, this keyword is, what is this? How to use bio oil on acne scars. We had a fantastic copywriter and I think I should point that out. Like you cannot underestimate the importance of having a really fantastic writer. So we had a great copywriter who knocked it out of the park. Bio oil for acne scars. We had so many long tail keywords start to populate in position one and you can see here, you can see our featured snippet and then how to use bio oil for acne scars is getting a 40% click through rate. Whereas before it wasn't on the board. So we very quickly kind of got into position one. This is a very long tail keyword, super specific to their niche and this started happening. You can see I blurred out the other keywords because I didn't want them to be mad at me that I was giving away all their secrets. But you can see 46, 46, 42, 41, those are very high click through rates. Okay, so here's the how of how we get into this because fortunately you can't pay for it. Google is very vocal about saying you can pay for ads all day long but you cannot pay to get organically in the top because they don't want just the big brands like Home Depot and the Coca-Cola's of the world to dominate. They truly want the companies who deserve to be there who are experts, smaller organizations in their niche to show up. So let's talk about how. There are certain conditions. Not every search is gonna produce a featured snippet and so this is kind of what you have to understand. First and foremost, you have to be a site worthy of ranking and that's why this is what I say a little bit more of an intermediate topic. If you have not done your foundational SEO, if you have never researched your keywords, if your technical side of your website is a hot mess, this should not be the first tactic that you pursue. But if you are authoritative and you do have a good niche, you have done some stuff then you should absolutely kind of start thinking about this. So identify a common question related to your area and your industry. And the type of queries that are keyword searches that usually come up with a featured snippet is the questions, okay? These are questions. They're who, what, where, when, why, which, how, best. Those are the type of keywords that they're more long tail. They have less monthly searches but they can be super valuable to your organization. Those are the ones that generally right now produce a featured snippet. Not all the time, but a lot of the time when people are asking questions, Google knows, okay, people want a quick answer, we're gonna throw up a featured snippet. Some keyword research tools. I wasn't gonna go into keyword research a whole lot but I did wanna provide you guys with some of the tools that you can use to kind of dig out and unearth some of these keywords. Answer the public is a good one. There is definitely, if you go to Answer the Public, there's a very sketchy guy on page one who, yeah, suit everybody's like, oh yeah, that guy. It's very strange but you will always remember that. You can type in your keyword and it'll produce, like it's designed to produce every single question around that specific keyword and topic that you've ever thought about. And keywordtool.io is a good one also. But here's the problem with some of these free keyword research tools. They don't give you the data. They don't say, well how to use bio oil for acne scars produce 20 searches per month versus how to apply bio oil for scars. That only produces 10 searches. So you don't get the data to help make decisions. And at some point maybe it's not as important but it generates a list of questions that people ask around your topic and then you can go and plug it into another tool but just to start wrapping your mind around this idea of questions. And I do have a second keyword tool you could pair along with that but I didn't wanna get too specific to this. Ask me at the end if you guys need more information on how to use these free tools because we all like free and I have a super awesome free tool that I use and I pair it with these. Moz Keyword Explorer. So that is free but they do make you register for an account, like obviously I'm a big Moz fan and I used to use them. If you do have a paid account it's around 99 a month I think for a certain number of sites but you can get access to their tool. You will get the search count but you just do have to have an account. And then SEM Rush is who I use now but that's premium. You can do a trial and you can do all your keyword research and export it and then cancel your credit card but if you are getting serious about SEO and it is becoming increasingly important or you manage SEO for clients at some point you should get a pretty good comprehensive tool and that's $99 a month too and that will give you of course all the monthly search count data plus more things you could ever even want to know. Okay, so tactical on page tips. So besides the right conditions for producing a featured snippet if it's not too spammy and it makes sense use the question as the URL. Now that's provided that you're the only point of that blog post is specifically to answer that question. If that question is just a small subset of a larger article maybe don't do that but if you break up the question in the URL and of course if it's not 50 words long I've seen that work before again it's not guaranteed but maybe just to really emphasize that this post answers this super specific question. Restate the question and I kind of say this is gross. Like you need to regurgitate the question like throw up the question on the page. You have to put that question onto the page physically in text. Use that question in a subhead or in a title. You might be able to just use it as part of the normal text, paragraph text but you should probably emphasize it more with a subhead. So put it there, answer the question in a succinct, clear manner and I've had to go back and do this over the years because I tried, I went against my own advice and sometimes when I'm describing something I use an analogy I try to get all clever and cute that is not gonna work for a featured snippet. You have to be clear and I always tell people what is my saying that clarity trumps cleverness every single time and that is totally this. Like Google wants clear succinct answers because that meets the user's needs featured snippet so be clear, include a relevant well optimized images on your pages. Compress your images, don't make them be huge. Upload them with keywords or a keyword phrase in the file name if it aptly describes the image. Use alt text, make sure that the copy surrounding the images is relevant to this topic because again you saw that the image was right there next to the text and you can get your images to rank. Use a natural conversational tone but bottom line easy to read and authoritative answer. And then just foundational on page SEO because again most of the results that are featured snippets are already on page one in some form or fashion. It doesn't have to be the top result. I've seen results down on page one like page seven and that's the featured snippet. So you don't have to be at the super top but you do have to generally rank well and when you rank on page one it's usually those results that get pooled somehow. So foundational on page SEO at a page level because you have to think there's things you do to your individual page or post and then there's things you need to do to your overall website. Page level, quality, valuable, unique copy. You have to choose the right keyword, select it and use it. Right, have a well-written title tag and a meta description, thoughtful subheads. Scannability in overall page content structure.  You have to have small paragraphs. You have to use concise words. You have to use bullets or number lists. You have to break things up with subheads and if you guys have Yoast SEO. And this is why WordPress is just the best. Half of my clients do have custom CMSs which is awful and I'm always like I don't understand why I can't optimize all text on these images because they're produced from some weird database that's like 80 years old. And WordPress just makes everything so easy. So being able to be done by lay people is that the right word who aren't technical. You can structure, you can use subheads. If you use Yoast, Yoast is always yelling at me because I had too many sentences before I added a subhead. So that Yoast reminder is so fantastic when you go down that traffic light. Media optimization, again optimization. If you embed videos, you have to optimize your videos and the titles also. Like optimize as much as you can thoughtfully. Don't stuff your keywords everywhere but optimize as much as you can on a page. From a site level, again the whole site needs to be quality, valuable, useful, fast with clean code and I know the web developers and all my clients hate me because I'm always like every month what can we do to speed up our websites because it can never be fast enough. So again, this does matter. Structured data usage where it makes sense. That's schema and marking up the content in the back end so Google knows the entities and the type of content that are on your website. Having a good overall site authority does help. Good site architecture. Hopefully, or maybe if you didn't attend Bobby's awesome session yesterday on site structure make sure you do catch the video because that is very important. And then some good solid backlinks. So again, if you don't have these elements in place that's okay but just know featured snippets is not like a beginner SEO 101. Don't think that that's the very first thing you need to do when it comes to SEO. This is more of an intermediate tactic. It's not hard but I want you to get your house in order first. So who? So who can rank for all these? I wanted to go through a couple examples of the approaches I used and the different types of websites I have so you guys can kind of get an idea for yourself. Optimizing existing authoritative content. So again, this is that Australian math company. They've got math experts out the wazoo. So they had their experts write these like 80 blog posts which again is like an SEO's dream to work with such great assets as I call it.  I had, if anybody knew Brad Irof, did anybody know Brad? He passed away a couple of years ago in the WordPress community. And he was like, Jenny, you only wanna work with sites that are already awesome. And I'm like, well yeah, obviously. I come in looking like a hero and all I did was a little bit of SEO. The real attribution goes towards a good technical background and the writers. I can't say enough about having great content on your website. I just come in and do a little SEO and it goes so far. So I came in and they already had great content. I went down the list of optimizing it and right away I started noticing, okay, we're moving up to page one. This is a screenshot from SEMrush. If you see the little crowns next to the numbers that means those are featured snippets. And we won those featured snippets in position zeros. All we did was a little foundational SEO on top of authoritative content. Okay, so here's another approach we use. So here's Brainscape. Again, my friend Andrew's company. And when I asked him, okay, well, how did you get hundreds of these featured snippets? And he says that he thinks it's due to two things. The first one was technical. Again, he said, our content wasn't that good. It was written by interns. It was written by a person who was straight out of college. Again, these are very specific comprehensive topics on different flashcards. Like, why was the Civil War started? What were the three reasons that kickstarted the Civil War? I don't know. So people create these flashcards and they created this content. So not super hard to come up with, but it wasn't like a dissertation, okay? They had a ton of content that was just written about some specific topics. But he said what they did focus on was their technical SEO. So their on-page SEO, they had schema and the appropriate places on the website. They did a lot of internal linking and cross-linking their related flashcards and content to itself. They really focused on their site architecture. And he said that was their major focus. The second thing that they did, so they had the content, they said that their secret weapon was they had an email list of hundreds of thousands of people, which again is a little bit of an unfair advantage, but they worked pretty hard for that. So they had this huge email list. So what they would do, they would take these blog articles, four to eight, twice a month, and they would send them out to their hundreds of thousands of subscribers. And those people, their readers, would click on the article and then they would share them on social media. So email marketing, I think Brooke, you just wrote a blog post about that, didn't you? Yes, how email marketing does help your SEO because they amplified their content, and sure enough, then it got shared and maybe it got some backlinks, but I think more was not, and that's how he says, because the content wasn't that well written, but he had these two things going for it. So are you currently ranking for featured snippets? And let me just take a look at the time. Okay, awesome, are you ranking for featured snippets? So if you want to know, if you're like, well, where do I rank? Because I'm always checking my rankings. A free tool is Google Search Console. Who here uses Google Search Console sort of regularly? Okay, good, good. And if you don't have that, then make your way to the happiness bar and figure out how to get it. It's a free tool, it's just like Google Analytics, but it gives you more webmaster nerdy data. And if you're serious about SEO, it's non-negotiable. And it's so funny to me how 90% of the people who come to me, they just don't have it yet. So I feel like we need to do a good job of spreading this. It's really the free best way to understand how Google is thinking about and interpreting your website. So this is a screenshot from Google Search Console. And what I tell you, what I say is usually, look for higher than average click-through rates. So I remember kind of looking through, this is an older client now, but I remember looking through it and saying, okay, well, what are the click-through rates that they have? And I was like, oh, well, they're a homeschooling client. And Idaho homeschool laws has a 43% click-through rate. Like that's pretty high. So I Googled it and sure enough, they're ranking it position zero for several of these because they took the time to, they wanted to be known as the experts in homeschooling laws. So they went and created unique content for all 50 states and each state has its own URL. And most of those rank pretty well and several of them rank in position zero and they have super high click-through rates. The other thing I say to do is maybe filter by position. So you can see, okay, anything one through 10 generally is page one, 11 through 20 is page two. So this kind of gives you an idea of how your keywords you're doing, where are they ranking, and if they have a higher than average click-through rate and they're not your brand, then go Google those and see if those happen to be in position zero. So that's maybe the free way to tell. Besides, of course, you can just manually search your keywords randomly every now and again, which I absolutely encourage you to do. It's just the amount of variations people search on these days. That's what's hard. Nobody is searching the same three keywords over and over. Yeah, Josh. Quick question on your position just a second. This is organic position, yeah. And I call it position zero, but there's never like a zero. It'll never say zero. So that's something to note. Thank you. Did everybody, Josh, what was your question? Question was the position or organic or overall. Okay, his question was, is the position for organic or overall on the page? And this is just organic. Okay, so then here's a premium tool. So again, if you manage SEO on behalf of clients, if you're an agency, this is SEMrush because again, that's what I use, but every tool I think has really adapted to really showing people how featured snippets is a part of your overall world with SEO and your keywords. So again, SEMrush shows me with the little crown what keywords we have that are position zero. If you see it in the second column, you'll see I've highlighted in yellow at the bottom. That means there is a featured snippet present, but it's not us. So this is another screenshot. If I wanted to say, okay, well I want to win more featured snippets. We've already done our foundational SEO. Now I want to go after and get more of those clicks because I already know they generate a very high click through rate. So there's a report. If you go over to position tracking again, this is SEMrush, but you could figure it out in any tool you use. It'll tell you the keyword and it'll tell you which website is ranking if it's not you, which I think is pretty awesome because that kind of helps you do more competitor analysis. So again, at some point, when you get past the beginner phases of optimizing your website, you're going to want to start targeting your competitors and figuring out what they're doing right so that you can take over their spots. Okay, so here's a free tool that I definitely want to tell you guys about. If you're not using it now, Moz bar from Moz. It's a Chrome extension.  If you go to any website page, you push the Moz bar button and it'll tell you what is the title tag? What is the meta description? What is the page load time? What is the canonical? It'll tell you just, oh, that's great information. It'll help you highlight your internal links on a page. It gives you a lot of great information on a website page, on the SERPs, what it does. Let me show you what it does in the next slide. But talking about how here's how I pursue competitors and go after their featured snippets. So we saw previously that we are not ranking, where is it? Number one, Rigger in Math. Okay, gets about 140 searches per month. And here's this URL over here, coursestandards.org, that is ranking in that place that I want to be. So I go Google Rigger in Math because I want to do a little bit of on SERPs analysis. And first and foremost, you see, okay, there's the website. Number one, you see coursestandards.org. But number two, that's our image in there. So we already won the image. It should be relatively easy to take over the text snippet also, right? So I use Moz bar and I took a look. What Moz bar does, do you guys see that gray bar that's highlighted there? It'll tell you for every website listing in the SERPs, it'll tell you what is the page authority and what is the domain authority and how many links are coming in to that specific page. And this helps me understand, okay, do we have a realistic chance of outranking this website and taking over? Is this something that I should really spend time pursuing? And again, that's a little bit technical, but when I did take a look, okay, let's see, our result, our page authority was 21. Coursestandards.org has a 52 page authority, which is a very huge jump. And the reason is it's because they are the governing body behind Common Core. And so it's gonna be very hard to beat them out. They have a thousand backlinks going to that page where we have zero. And so that might be a result that I should probably let go and move on to the next keyword because they may be pretty hard to beat out for that featured snippet. Maybe not impossible, but I'm gonna go after some easier targets in the meanwhile. Okay, so that kind of wraps up. Like, are you guys so impressed that I finished on time? Yes? Okay, Q&A. My slides are there and I will definitely put them out on the Twitter handle as well. So thank you all so much for getting up early this morning. Did we have time for questions, Bobby? Are you pointing at me? Okay. Oh, okay. Does anybody have any questions? Okay, hold on. Yeah. Okay, so good question. So his question was schema. I touched on schema a little bit. Does it play a role at all? And why I didn't want to confuse the word schema is because sometimes you refer when you do schema and add structure data, it produces what's called rich snippets. And the word rich snippets is so close to featured snippets. I was like, oh, I'm not even going there because I know I'm gonna mess up and keep calling these rich snippets. Rich snippets are produced. Like, if you guys Google a product and you see star ratings, sometimes you'll see if it's in stock, you'll see the price, you'll see if there's any reviews. Having structure data on your website is good because it helps Google understand but it still is not the thing. It's good from an overall website SEO perspective and it might help contribute but it's very indirect. It's definitely not a direct correlation. Yeah, Josh, did you have a question? Yeah. One more, okay, one more question. Josh, yeah. When Google made the change three years ago, they added that fourth paid slot. It was both a sort of pain for me as a Google ads expert. How did you guys in SEO respond to that because it pushed everything lower on the page and how did you sort of qualify that with your clients and how do you still keep up with that change because it's still affecting everybody in search, paid and organic today still? Yeah, that's a good question. So how do we keep up with the fact that ads are so prominent? We have to have a lot of content everywhere and we have to educate. It's just a longer sales cycle and so sometimes I will tell them, go ahead and bid in PPC but not always. So it just depends on what the results are. We can talk maybe more. That's a good question. I'm sorry, thank you guys so much. I'll be hanging around a little bit. Thank you all, have a great word camp today.


Thank you Chancellor. I'm glad you're still calling me new and welcome colleagues. I start this morning by acknowledging and celebrating the first Australians on whose traditional lands we meet in work and whose cultures are among the oldest continuing cultures in human history and I pay my deepest respects to the elders of the Nunnawal people past and present like Tina who welcomed us here today. This year may still be young but it is already seen unprecedented political change. As we confront unsettling times we should remember that this university was founded and came into its own in the aftermath of the chaos of World War II. We are in a time of potential global upheaval and we must of course vigorously uphold our values. But the world around us, 7.4 billion people and counting stretched over a planet a mere 13,000 kilometers across, can ill afford us to be solely focused on the now. What we do here at the ANU is important. What we do here is essential. We actively help shape the world that coming generations will inherit. Today ANU sits at a crossroad. We have reached a point in time when critical decisions must be made about our future. We can be a good Australian University or we can be a great national university. But if we're going to be a great national university we're going to have to change how we conduct our business as usual. If there is anything that I've learned in my first year as vice chancellor it is that change is hard. It is scary but it can be liberating. If we are going to fulfill our role as the national university this university has to change and it has to look different five years from now than it does today. This does not mean people losing their jobs. It means us doing things differently. It means us shaping the university differently. Our 70-year journey has validated the courage, vision and ambitions of our founders. We have a proud record of distinctive and world-changing research. A remarkable cohort of graduates who inform and shape the world and a legacy of engagement that has helped transform society and our nation. But just as our country and the world transitions to a time of uncertainty, ANU too must adapt and be ready to face new challenges with audacity and enterprise. Through our research, our teaching and our outreach we must elevate our distinctive place in Australia and the world. We as a community have articulated a set of values as central to our identity. These values are set out first in the strategic plan that most of you have in your hands because these values are the basis of all that we do. We bring distinctive excellence to our work and have the confidence to pursue original ideas. We are inclusive, open and respectful, reflecting the diversity of our nation. We are committed to integrity and ethical behavior. We value, enable, reward and celebrate collegiality. We embrace informed risk-taking in pursuit of our objectives. And finally, we are committed to better outcomes for our community, the environment, our nation and the world. Over the next five to ten years, we are going to have hard decisions to make. We will have a changing environment around us. But we will never compromise on these values. Now last year, we shared our ambitions and collective vision for the future of ANU. This year, we start to work on transforming our future. And it's a future where we will pursue excellence in everything we do. We do research for the nation and world that changes society. We provide a distinctively excellent education. And we will uphold equity and equality of opportunity for all who join our community. We will cultivate a campus worthy of the nation's capital and great national institution. And finally, we will foster a high level of collegiality. Today, it is my great honor to introduce our new ANU strategic plan, our roadmap for the next five years. It guides us towards working collectively and individually to create the contemporary national university. Now, as Gareth indicated, this plan was born out of one of the largest community consultations undertaken at ANU. And I thank you, each one of you, from every part of this institution for taking part in the forums and workshops, putting careful thought to work and sharing your ideas for our university. I particularly want to acknowledge the chancellor and members of the university council who are our partners in this plan. We want to rise to the challenge of being a national university that serves our society and reflects our society in all of its diversity. Over the year, the same theme kept presenting itself, that we must invest in and insist on excellence everywhere and everything that we do. As a place of learning and research, we must refuse to accept mediocrity. But what is excellence? Well, that's something we actually must understand, from research excellence to teaching excellence and impact excellence. And it's not going to be the same for every part of the university. But it does need to be understood at each department at each school. And that is one of our goals this year, to define what we believe excellence is and shine a spotlight on each and every one of us and hold ourselves to that standard, that community standard. We must find new sources of funding to support what we do in this excellence. That means growing our income from philanthropy, attracting investment from business and foundations and other parts of civil society by demonstrating the value of our work. We must, of course, spend our money where it makes a difference, where it supports excellence, where we do work that not only leads the world, but also can change the world. As part of this plan, we will invest new money in five globally significant research challenges, which you have to help define and seek to provide solutions to national priorities. This will enable us to bring together researchers from across the university to work together on problems where we really can change the world. Now there is a great deal of pride in this institution amongst our staff and our students and our alumni in what we've achieved and what we stand for just 70 years into our history. I ask you all to take the voice survey late last year and 68% of you did. Thank you. What I learned is that compared to other universities, this university values research, and we value our colleagues ability to do research much more than others. And that pride does not mean that we are perfect, but it does give us a platform from which to confront our challenges. And those challenges are real. The same voice survey told us we weren't very good at change. It tells us that our processes need improvement and that we need to work better across the university. And I'm listening to you and those are priority areas for us to work on now. As the nation's university, we are privileged to receive dedicated funding and support from the Australian government. That funding has allowed us to do great things, but we should never take our special status for granted. We are entrusted with a responsibility and an expectation to deliver the highest quality and highest impact research for our nation. We want to be recognized unambiguously as one of the world's great universities. But to do that, we're going to have to adapt to achieve excellence in all that we do. We want our research to contribute to the economic and general public good. And so we must translate our research in partnership with the private sector in civil society where appropriate. Research of course remains at the heart of what we do. And great research requires support itself. And we are going to endeavor to provide the right support and rewards for our staff to do great work and not take you for granted. We will nurture future researchers and shape our research training to ensure that our people are second to none. Their qualifications are universally recognized and understood to be of the very highest global quality. And they are prepared to be leaders, not just in academia, but in industry and civil society. We are going to invest in recruiting, retaining and mentoring these best people in the world, all of you. The ANU futures scheme will attract new world leading early and mid career researchers to ANU, at least 50% of whom will be women, providing them with startup grants to support their research and help leverage external support as we prepare them and enable them to be great. These young researchers will be selected from the most talented people in the world. And the university is going to support on supporting all of its staff to be excellent. For example, women are half of the population. But they are still not represented in equal numbers at our senior levels. I am deeply committed to ensuring that women achieve a full promise of their careers, academic and professional at ANU. But to achieve gender equity, we need a cultural shift. There is no silver bullet, rather a need for a fundamental elimination of bias and exclusion from every aspect of the university. To help us, the Australian sage Athena Swan program provides a framework of reflection, but also action. Now at the heart of every great research university, there is a great educational program. And I want ANU to provide an education unlike that offered by any other Australian university and equal to the best in the world. ANU is home to some of Australia's brightest and best academics. And teachers also who push the boundaries and expectations of learning, ensuring that the next generation of society's thinkers are flexible, adaptable, and innovative. But to truly stand apart from other universities, we need to do more to innovate in the way we teach and engage our students. We need to reinvent education led by evidence and provide support resources and space for you to find new and better ways to foster learning. We need to revitalize our learning and teaching infrastructure, beginning with state of the art facilities at Union Court, and begin a major refresh of our digital infrastructure. We will formally recognize and invest in innovation and education, as well as our very best teachers through the Distinguished Educators Program, which will be launched shortly, and the creation of an Institute for Innovation in Higher Education. We need to make sure that this great education is not limited to a small subset of society, but open to people from all backgrounds and experiences from across Australia, from around the world, those who have the talent and potential to succeed. Over recent years, we have seen significant growth in philanthropy-based programs that support students from such diverse backgrounds. These include the scholarship programs like the Tuckwell Scholars, the A&U Love Scholarship, and the Chenapati and Vijya Jagadish Endowment Fund, amongst many others. All of these change lives, but we do need more. There is incredible strength in such diversity. When we get this right, not only will our graduates be ready and prepared to meet the challenges of a rapidly changing world, they will know that they had a great education and that they are lifelong members of an extraordinary community. To get the diversity we seek, we also need to change the way universities admit students. And starting in 2018, we will begin changing our admissions so that ATAR is not the only consideration for entry to A&U. And to get the community so essential for a great university experience, we need to provide an opportunity for all students who want to live on campus, including students with families. This week, students from Bruce Hall are moving into brand new accommodation while we build a new Bruce Hall and a sister hall. We are building another student residence in Union Court, and that means we will have three new residential buildings open over the next two years. We've already begun planning for the next two student residences after that. One of the reasons the brightest people want to come here from around the country is that they see how important A&U is to the progress of our nation. When the governments of the 1940s and 1950s invested in the establishment of A&U, they envisaged a special role for our academics, one where they would help build our nation side by side with government into a country that could confidently stand alongside the great nations of the world. Since then, A&U has been instrumental in providing frank and fearless advice based on our expertise to policymakers and political leaders. We have helped shape this nation. Our academics have provided the intellectual foundation for some of the country's most fundamental reforms, such as HEX, climate policy, the foundation of APEC, and the establishment of Medicare. We find ourselves in 2017, as the old apocryphal curse reportedly goes, living in interesting times. We have both an opportunity, but also a responsibility to make sure that the expertise of the National University is put to use helping the institutions of politics and government navigate what are certainly going to be tricky waters. So that when the next young A&U academic identifies a novel solution to a wicked policy problem, we want them to have the opportunity to take that idea to government and to be part of seeing that idea become real policy, to work within government, to work with government, and to know that it will enrich their academic career. We have to be willing to take risk, and for that reason we are creating a policy incubator that will allow us to explore ideas too risky for government yet to invest in. By harnessing the research breadth of A&U and offering solutions to complex policy issues confronting the nation and our region, this incubator connected to a broad policy hub that spans the breadth of A&U will support and foster academic engagement with government. And this means everyone has an opportunity to participate. No one at this university is working on things that don't matter. A contemporary A&U is not here just to serve government. By working with business and industry we can now multiply our impact. The relationship between universities and industry is often criticized. So to help us break down the barriers our new business advisory council will help guide us in our efforts to forge a mutually beneficial partnership with business and industry. But we also need to change the culture here at A&U and embed within us people who have successfully worked with business and industry. You will see that last week we announced the appointment of Genevieve Bell a world leading anthropologist but also a senior leader at Intel. We will be making more appointments like that. Of course exciting research does not just happen at universities it also happens now in business and by working with business we can multiply our opportunities to do interesting and important work. We will continue to attract and reward more entrepreneurial expertise at A&U and do much more to develop and reward entrepreneurial activity to support staff to form effective partnerships that see their ideas have real impact. We will make it easy to pursue great ideas and welcome you back to academia after you've spent some time in the business world and celebrate and recognize your experience. No longer is a one-way trip out of the university. In our national capital we sit alongside many of Australia's other national institutions. Our neighbor is another great Australian research institution CSIRO. Imagine the opportunities if we are able to link our campuses and work more closely together. Now we've already started with data 61 and the Center for Genomics Metabolomics and Bio Informatics but that is just the beginning of what is possible. We will continue to grow our collaborations with our fellow national institution collaborations that have already seen us work with for example the National Library on an extraordinary exhibition of historical Chinese maps launched last year. For decades host with Questacon the Science Circus work with the War Memorial on the anniversary of World War I and more recently we've joined with the National Museum Museum of Australian Democracy, the National Library and the National Portrait Gallery as founders of the Canberra's Writers Festival. Philanthropy provides us the means to undertake many of the ambitions I've described today. Over time for example the Tuckwill gift will fully fund hundreds of students each year at ANU. Philanthropy can support research and outreach that governments won't. It is the not-so-secret advantage that the great universities of the world use to have impact. We too need to have philanthropy and we are going to support you to connect your ideas with donors who will support those ideas coming to fruition. Now in this hall a year ago I began my first speech as vice chancellor with a commitment that ANU as the nation's university will play a leadership role in the reconciliation between indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. Over the past seven decades we have contributed to the advancement of Australia's indigenous peoples but there is a long way to go. To live up to our obligation as the national university we need to make ANU the destination of choice for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander intellectual leaders as a place of education, of research, of policy and of reconciliation and we will redouble our efforts to recruit talented indigenous Australians here. We are targeting a comprehensive pathway from undergraduate to professor from management cadet to university executive. For example our indigenous postdoctoral fellowships program will attract and invest in talented Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander doctoral graduates who have the potential to become academic leaders in their discipline area. We are fortunate to be the guardians of a large and beautiful campus here in Acton as well as others across Australia. These are on lands for which indigenous people have been custodians for thousands of years and actually Tina Brown just before I came out here was telling me some stories I had never heard of this campus we all have so much to learn. We know our beautiful campus is unsurpassed and much loved by the entire community. Everything we do to our campus now and into the future will respect its history, its culture and natural beauty. In the words of our Chancellor our campus needs to have timeless elegance and we will honor that Chancellor. This year we begin the enormous and enormously exciting project of a revitalizing the heart of ANU Union Court so that it becomes a thriving center of social, educational and entrepreneurial activity. I've just gone through part of our strategic plan. This strategic plan will guide and empower us to be the great university our nation needs us to be and I encourage you to read your copy. It's not long but it will help you understand some of the opportunities for you to contribute in this joint project. I also want to remind you that the strategic plan is a guide. It by no means represents all that we can and all that we will do. Finally I want to reflect on what I see is the key theme that kept emerging from our discussions with you in my first year. We want to be more collegial. We want to be part of a university that is not confined by its structures and organization. We want to be free to connect and collaborate across disciplines and in partnership with industry, government and society. We want an environment that encourages and supports collaboration collegiality one that will enable interdisciplinary work to flourish. We need to continue to work across disciplines to address the most pressing challenges facing our world and break down the walls of isolation amongst units across the university. It means many things but it also means having events like today and an event like our commencement ceremony next week where I hope to see all of you joining me with me in welcoming our newest students to campus. That is very important to me. They are part of the family. You are part of that family. These are traditions that bring us together and mark the passage of the university year. It's a time to share a drink and a sandwich with a colleague who you may not actually have ever met before but it also means actually being part of this university family throughout the year. So now let's start the year as we mean to continue. Please come and join me and your other colleagues for a barbecue lunch and talk to people about the state of the university, the state of our country, the state of the universe from your unique and broad perspectives. Learn from your colleagues that is the great part of being at a great university. Thank you very much. Thank you Brian for an address which was substantive, challenging, stimulating to us all. Let's now have that drink and a sandwich at the barbecue across the way and talk to each other about what we've just heard and about the task ahead. This is a great university, not only a great Australian university but a great world university. We're very proud of it and I think we now have the substance, the material, the dynamism, the energy, the commitment to go forward and to really, really ensure that we go on being one of the great universities that will in the future. Thank you so much for joining us. Thank you Brian again for a splendid address. Thank you to everyone who's worked on the creation of this plan and let's now get on with the job of implementing it. Thank you so much.


I offer my warmest wishes to the government and people of Malaysia on this National Day of Malaysia. Today marks 56 years of diplomatic relations between our two countries. Our shared history is testament to the strength of our relationship. Trade links are growing, supported by the Malaysia-Australia Free Trade Agreement. Our defence ties are based upon a shared military history and membership of the five power defence arrangements. An education and cultural links remain at the heart of this relationship. Around 22,000 Malaysians were enrolled in Australia last year, with more than 21,000 students enrolled in Australian courses in Malaysia. Over 116,000 Malaysian-born people have made Australia home, making a vibrant and successful contribution to Australia's national life. Australia will continue to work closely with Malaysia in promoting security, trade and tolerance throughout our region. My warmest wishes to you on the occasion of Malaysia's 56th National Day.