Turkey supports Azerbaijan's steps to preserve its territorial integrity, President Tayyip Erdogan said on September 19, after Baku launched a military operation in the breakaway Nagorno-Karabakh region. In his address to the UN General Assembly, Erdogan said that Nagorno-Karabakh is a part of Azerbaijan's sovereign territory and the imposition of another status for the breakaway region is unacceptable. Turkey's foreign ministry said earlier on Tuesday that Azerbaijan was forced to take measures on its sovereign territory in Nagorno-Karabakh after its concerns were not alleviated following the 2020 conflict with Armenia in the region. In his speech, Erdogan also said Turkey would continue to support Palestinians in their struggle for legitimate rights under international law. He said Israel would not find the peace and safety it is seeking unless a Palestinian state is formed based on the borders in 1967. On behalf of the General Assembly, I have the honor to welcome His Excellency Recep Tayyip Erdogan. We are supporting the steps taken to protect the land of Azerbaijan, which we have moved with the two states of the one nation and with the two states of the one nation. I am absolutely proud of the endless development between Armenia and Azerbaijan, and I am also proud of the endless development between Armenia and Azerbaijan. We have strong political, economic and human ties that hold the roots of history. We will continue to support the Palestinian people and the state in this critical region of Europe through the struggle for legitimate rights under international law. We will continue to support the Palestinian people and the state in this critical region of Europe. We will continue to support the Palestinian people and the state in this critical region of Europe. On behalf of the Assembly, I wish to thank the President of the Republic of Turkey for his statement.


That brings back childhood memories because my mama made this for us when we were kids. It's so good. I boiled me a chicken today and we'll leave the broth in here. We're going to cut up some onions, carrots, and potatoes to go in the broth. So now we're just going to take a few carrots and we're going to peel them and get them in our broth. This is called Benifield chicken. Benifield chicken is a dish my mama made when we were just kids and it is in my first cookbook. So there's our carrots.  I did wash the carrots and the potato before I peeled them. That's one reason that's want to slide off of there. Let me just use a paring knife for this. I just cannot use any peeler on a potato. It drives me nuts. I might rather use my paring knife. So peel a couple of potatoes. I only have two actually, about out of potatoes. This has been a very rainy day in Georgia. Today's February the 5th. A lot of schools got called off and all kind of stuff in Alabama. So some of you have been stuck at home all day and a meal like this would be good on a rainy day. Nothing's better to me than stew. And really that's what this is. It's called Benifield chicken but it's a lot like chicken stew. All right now we're going to cut up the potatoes and of course they won't take them years long to get done. So I'll cut those up a little bit bigger. We're going to turn the eye back on. I'm just going to take an onion that I already had part of it sliced and I'm going to just slice some slices of onion into the stew and we're going to boil all these together. We're going to bring that to a boil. We're going to bring that to a boil while we pick this chicken off the bone. So I am just going to take the good meat and I'm actually just going to put it in the stew as I take it off the bone. And so you're going to do your entire chicken that way. Make sure you don't get your cartilage or anything crazy. Bones and stuff like that in your chicken stew.  And then you can come back and pick up the rest of it later. And don't put the gristle in there.  It's just better. All right, now while you're boiling those vegetables and they have started to boil, we're going to make some biscuits because you cannot have beneficial chicken without biscuits to go with them. So we're going to put in a couple of cups of self-rising flour. All right, this has been simmering for a while and my veggies are getting very, very soft. So I'm going to go ahead and add the rest of my chicken. I tasted it and it needs a little salt. We're going to add a little salt, some pepper. We're going to go ahead and add our chicken to it. This is just the remainder of that whole chicken. So I use a whole chicken when I make this. First, I'm going to steer that and taste it and make sure I don't have salt. Make sure your veggies are soft enough that your spoon can just go right through them real easy and they do. They're getting soft. So I'm going to taste this. Mama always put in a little bit of garlic salt. It still needs a little salt. I'm going to see if I've got garlic salt before I add more regular salt. I know I've got roasted garlic. It's not salt. It's not salt. It's just roasted garlic. So I'm just going to put a little bit of that in there and we'll add a little salt. More salt. Now we're going to take four tablespoons of flour. Now I'm using Wundra flour because it mixes up real easy and you don't have to worry about lumps being in your soup. It has four tablespoons of that flour in it. I'm going to pour it fill it up until it's full almost with milk. Put a lid on it. This one's got a hole for a straw. I'm just going to put my finger over it and then we're just going to shake it good and we're going to wait until that flour gets mixed all the way up and they're really well. You can see it's still cleaning this side. So we'll shake it until it's in the milk. Really good. Now that should get thicker. You can always add more if it's not thick enough because you want it like not a real thick gravy but just a gravy to pour over biscuits. We're going to serve this on top of biscuits. So you need to bring this to a boil and see if it's going to get thick. If it's not add more, you can use the same thing. You can do the same thing with regular flour as what we're doing with this Wundra flour. So you just use whatever you've got at home. Don't go and make a special trip to buy something. Just put it in there with cold milk like that and shake it really well or stir it really well with a whisk and a bowl so that you don't have lumpy stew. The biscuits just come out of the oven and they're nice and brown. So we're about to make a plate. Let y'all see how good this looks. All right, it's time to plate our stew. You're just going to take your biscuits.   So if I can't find us some chicken here's some chicken. We're going to put some cracked white pepper on it. Yummy. Let's eat.  Yummy. It is hanks and it's pretty good. Here's our stew over our biscuits. We're going to give it a taste. Nice comfort food on a rainy day. Oh my lord it's so good. Good. That brings back childhood memories because my mama made this for us when we were kids. It's so good. Volume one cookbook recipe. Family recipe too. Thanks for watching colored valley cooks where we cook like mama did. Good supper. All right now while you're boiling those vegetables and they have started to boil we're going to make some biscuits because you cannot have um benefit chicken without biscuits to go with them. So we're going to put in a couple of cups of self-rising flour, a pinch of soda because granny always did, and about a quarter cup of shortening. And we're going to blend this in with our blending fork. We're going to be using whole buttermilk. I hope y'all are having a great night. I sure am. I was feeling puny yesterday but today I feel much better. So I'm making a good supper. So you're just going to blend the shortening in until it's about pea size. Don't overdo it or your biscuits won't be nice and fluffy. Okay it's about right. Now you're going to add buttermilk until all the flour is clinging together. So add just enough so that when you mix it up there's no flour left in the bottom. You can see that's exactly what has just happened. And you don't want it to be real real. You don't want it to be real wet because if it is then it's stickier and harder to handle when you get it out on the counter. Okay so now we're just going to flour our surface. Put our biscuit dough out on it. My dog's crying. Put a little flour on the top. And you're going to need this for at least seven or eight times. Okay adding flour as you need to. Then you're going to press it down about a half inch. Grease your pan. I'll scoot it over so y'all can see the pan. You're going to bake these at 450 degrees. I'm going to bring y'all down a little closer so y'all can see a little better while I cut them out. I think that's good. You can see they're already trying to separate and make layers. Rise a little before I even get them in the pan. I hear a bus dropping kids off. I'll roll up a couple of small ones and put in here. Now you can pat them with buttermilk on the top or not. It's totally up to you. 450 degrees 20 minutes. The biscuits just come out of the oven and they're nice and brown.


It's a really significant day for us because this is the culmination really of ten years of work. We started working with Interpol in 2003 which at the time there was a wildlife crime working group and we realized early on that as an NGO working to try to stop illegal wildlife crime that we needed more help, that we needed the professionalism of an organization like Interpol and that in fact in many ways police enforcement officials, wildlife enforcement officials, customs officials were not going to share information privately with a non-profit group and so we took the decision that the problems were big enough and they were complex enough that we wanted a partnership with Interpol and that we were happy to fund, help develop trainings that could reach out to the law enforcement world but step back when we needed to so that the law enforcement people could share information that perhaps they wouldn't share with us. So that's one of the most significant things about the partnership. The issue of awareness is absolutely critical. I think that a lot of times people don't understand the impact that they are having they're thinking well if something is in the marketplace it's allowed, it's legal often times that's not the case but even when it is legal for people to understand that there's an impact on wildlife. In most cases it's very difficult to control poaching and those products can make their way into the marketplace so basically we're asking people to really think twice about what it is that they buy and normally these products don't have a real need they're in fact trinkets and they can do without them and it's a precautionary principle don't buy it and do the part that you can to try to help animals stay alive. I think that on a larger scale people need to understand that in fact we are in crisis. More and more animals are being killed this past year for elephants has been an absolute catastrophic year rhinos are being killed in ways that they haven't been in numbers not seen in 10 years. So it really is a crisis. We're asking people to pause, think about what it is that they're doing and forgo buying that trinket. One of the most important things about the partnership between IFAW and Interpol is that it has results on the ground. So there's a lot of good news in terms of awareness, political will you'll hear a lot in the newspapers about politicians and heads of states beginning to speak about the importance of this issue, the crisis that we're in but translating that is often much more difficult than people might imagine and just because a president or head of state says something doesn't necessarily mean it's going to happen. So what is it that we see with Interpol and IFAW? We have a number of operations that are on the ground. Poachers are being arrested. Ivory and other wildlife products are being confiscated. We're looking at the networks, we're finding out how the money moves how the products move and so from our perspective as a non-profit group that has donors who give money to stop the killing we're able to show through the Interpol relationship that in fact we're having results on the ground. Bad guys are going to jail. Confiscations are taking place. So the protection for elephants, rhinos, tigers, many, many other animals is increasing as a result. So that's the reality of this relationship.


Hi, I'm Zedr DuMain. I work at Interactive Intelligence in Raleigh, North Carolina. We have an Ember application that we've been working on for a few years. It started pre-10 and is now Ember 2.4 already. So we're pretty excited about that. And for the past year, I've been working on building WebRTC into our Ember application to provide it with voice and video capabilities. And during that last year, learning both Ember and WebRTC, I learned a lot of the different things that we need to kind of take into account in order to make an application that's maintainable by humans. Because what I learned pretty early on is that you can really quickly create a mess. And one of the things Ember is really great at is helping you avoid that mess if you have a pattern in mind and are able to kind of set out a plan. So what is WebRTC? WebRTC is, at the most basic level, a collection of standardized APIs for establishing voice, video, and data connections between peers. So what does that really mean? It's basically a set of browser APIs or native APIs, whichever your platform may be, that provide you the ability to build apps from a high level on top of an entire stack of underlying protocols. So using ICE to collect peers to establish connections across networks. Creating UDP streams, TCP streams in order to share binary data or video data, media data. And then having end-to-end encryption for that, is basically the entire breadth that WebRTC gives you. And there's lots of different applications for this. I'll go into that a little bit more. So this is an overview of what a basic WebRTC connection looks like. And this is really complex, especially when you take into account the fact that normally your browser APIs don't really have a lot of statefulness or complexity to them. So I like to say that WebRTC is changing the native API paradigm in the browser. You get highly complex, discrete, and continuous event-based stateful objects. What that really means is normally you'd use your browser APIs to schedule a function to run, or call some function that returns a promise, or basically just access something in the DOM. Even with something complex like audio or video, you're really just dealing with a single object that might have a state and some properties. When you have an HTML5 video element, you can play and pause that element. You can change the source. You can change volume properties, things like that. But with a peer connection, it's very stateful and it's highly complex. So I'm not going to go over this entire diagram. I just wanted to use it to illustrate the complexity of that stateful connection. So the three main APIs that we're looking at there are GetUserMedia, which allows you to actually access hardware media from the browser. Things like your webcam and microphone. RTZPeerConnection, which is basically the big grand box of establishing that connection between peers. And then RTCDataChannel, which allows you to exchange arbitrary binary or JSON data across the connection between peers. And to boil it down into these three pieces seems overly simplistic. It really is, there's a lot of complexity to this. And in order to get into some of the more advanced techniques and topics, ORTC and then the newer 1.0 version of WebRTC have been released. Which kind of address a lot of that. But I'm not going to go into that very much today, because I want to talk about dealing with WebRTC with Ember. So this diagram, this stateful diagram is what you see all just from that one RTZPeerConnection object in the browser. So quirks and obstacles for working with WebRTC and Ember. One of the main ones I encountered early on is RerenderDom. And I'll show an example of how that can be a gotcha here in a minute. Ember apps are long lived. When you're creating peer connections, exchanging media between browsers, you really run into this problem of, your browser isn't necessarily the best at cleaning things up, especially highly memory and CPU intensive objects. So how do you get around that and how do you deal with that? You're also dealing with discrete event-based APIs. Ember is really great at doing bindings to things. But what happens when you've got lots of events flowing, you don't have a single object you can bind a state to? You also then have complex state and state transitions. It's not just enough to bind to the discrete state of something. You also have to know, what is that state transitioning from? What's it transitioning to? You also have to deal with browser permissions. Dealing with, can your app run on HTTPS? Can it run on HTTP? What if it's running and the user declines permission to the video camera, but grants permission to the microphone? So you're dealing with permissions and your app doesn't always function how you would like it to. And then obviously dealing with humans. Humans are really great at detecting errors with media. Anytime you've ever watched a YouTube video or a Netflix video and it buffers even for a split second, humans are great at noticing that. And that's really terrible for building apps because it makes it hard. So dealing with all of these things are the basic challenges. And then the other aspect of the human challenge is your developers. If you're not thinking about the developer experience, then you're not really thinking about code. So you really need to know how your developers are going to be able to come into a project that's got WebRTC and Ember and really be a functioning part of that team and be able to understand that complex code base. So we'll start off with just a really basic demo here of the HTML5 video quirk. So what I'm going to show here is there's two boxes, a blue box and a red box. And when I click start, I'm going to get access to my webcam. And when I get access to my webcam, I'm going to attach that webcam stream to the DOM in both the blue and the red boxes. So I click start and there I am, great. So the re-rendered component issue is one that I ran into really early on. And as a really basic example, imagine something like Google Hangouts, where you have different video participants displayed on the screen. And something happens, say one of them begins speaking, you want to take their video and promote it to be the primary video. Well, what happens if you do that in Ember and you re-render the component? So I'm going to simulate an Ember re-render here, is that, uh-oh, one of those streams gets frozen. So why did that happen? This is because in HTML5, in every browser that supports video, we'll actually pause the video element if you move it in the DOM. So that's really unfortunate when Ember is really great at re-rendering things all the time. So you can, there are little ways to hack around this, but it really depends on what your humans notice. If the people using your application are really adept at noticing these pauses as mine are, then you have to come up with some alternate solution to prevent the re-render instead of working around it. One of the things we tried really early on was just having programmatically, whenever the Ember component would re-render, we would just programmatically play the HTML5 video element. But that delay still was too much. Our users noticed it, it caused a blip in the audio. And it was really just too many problems there.  And I really don't have a great solution to this. At this point, I like it when I go to a talk and somebody says, here's a problem, here's how I solved it. But I think I like it a little bit more when I go to a talk and somebody says, here's a problem, please help me solve it. Well, this is me asking you for help solving this problem. Right now, I'm basically just using jQuery to ensure that my elements get played if I want to allow the re-render. And if I don't allow the re-render, then I'm using CSS tricks to move things around. As opposed to actually using Ember for all of its strengths. Neither of which are optimal solutions. So help me solve this problem. So there's a bunch of layers of concern with your Ember application with WebRTC, and I want to kind of go through my opinionated approach to structuring your application in a way that helps you maintain this over time and maintain it in a way that other developers can jump into your code base, understand what's going on, and contribute back to it. The three main layers of concern that I have separated are the session manager, the service, and your components. Session manager is not something that is baked into Ember. This is something that has kind of emerged or is emerging as a pattern in WebRTC libraries. This is something that normalizes browser API as native events across browsers. Right now, WebRTC is still pre-1.0. That means that multiple browsers support it, none of them are the same. So you don't want to have to, in your Ember application, code for those differences, especially since it's already been done. You also don't want to have to deal with hooking up all of those native events and adding your event listeners. So there's lots of different session manager libraries out there. One that I have used in the past is Simple WebRTC. I contribute to that one on GitHub. I've also used Jingle.js, as it is a signaling layer. And with some of the extra libraries out there can provide your sessions. Basically, whatever you want to use is great. Provided you don't try to all code this from hand in your Ember app. This is not something that I would recommend because it gets highly complex and it muddles up your code base and it doesn't allow you to separate your concerns. The next is your service. Your services, your kind of vanilla Ember service, this allows you to create your session manager and manage it. It also allows you to manage your signaling channel. And I'll talk about that in a second. And then you also want to tie your session state and say it transitions into your application. And I'll show a way that I use my service to do that in kind of my opinionated approach, acting as an event bus and gateway. And then lastly, your components. Your components are important for rendering and interacting with the application. And it's also useful for managing UI state. And I have an exclamation point there because it's usually a red flag if you're dealing with UI state. But I'll show how it's kind of relevant here. So let me back up one. So for the service, this item managing the signaling channel connection. When you have a WebRTC application, you have to exchange information between peers in order to establish the connection. And most commonly, this is going to be a WebSocket. So if you already have an active WebSocket in your Ember app, hopefully it's already managed by a service. If you don't have one, this would be the place that you would create that. You definitely don't want to be creating WebSocket connections in your component layer. And if you do it in your session manager, which some session manager libraries out there have the ability to do, you kind of lose a lot of control that is beneficial to you. So your service is, this managing signaling layer is really just opening a WebSocket connection to your server in order to exchange your signaling information to establish your connection. So Ember evented service as an event bus. I'm a big fan of Ember evented, and I don't see it used as often as I would like. I think it's really powerful. And I kind of want to show how we can use it to act as an event bus. So let's say we have a component, and we want to handle some event. Say this is a message over our WebSocket. We've received a message, and we want to be able to process that at our component layer. Well, if our service is managing that, what we can do is, our service can extend Ember evented. And then when that event happens, we can just trigger some event and pass the event data. And then in our component, when our component is initialized, it grabs the service, which would be injected. And then on some event, binds a handler to it. So then whenever this event happens at the service layer, you can surface that up to your component layer. And what that really allows you to do is have components that are short lived, but are reacting to events at the service layer. In order to ensure that your events get to the right place, but aren't managed at a place that is short lived. Adding a more complex example to this, what I have here is showing that, let's say there's a foo event on the service. What I can do in order to create, change this event bus, or really just bubbling up events from my service to my components, is I can also use it as what I kind of call it like a gateway. So in my service, I can look at my store and find a person record associated with that event. And then when I find that, then I can trigger the event and pass that person object, that person record, as an argument to that event handler. Then the component doesn't have to do any lookups to find the person record associated with that event. It automatically can handle the event at the same time as it has access to that person. This way, it really keeps all of that state, with be this Ember data or whatever, at the same layer as your service connection. All right, so from here, I'm going to switch over to an example application that I put together and kind of show how we can build something real with this. So this is an example app, Ember app running, just a basic demo kind of loosely based on what our service platform is. But what I have here is, for example, a website where I want to provide the customer the ability to talk to an agent. So they land on this website, you know, this is an Ember app. We've got a couple of different routes. You can see as the route goes through, we kind of maintain some of the core application render, but they're still able to switch around. So looking at the code for this, we have a service for video chat that extends Ember event as in my example. And in the init function for the service, I create my session manager object. In this case, I'm using simple webRTC. So that was that point where I said our service is responsible for maintaining the session manager. It wires up a few events for the session manager to some handlers, and then it provides some basic functionality. It allows us to join a room, to leave a room, connect to a room, basic operations that you would do for your kind of chat room session. And then in our component, you can see when the component is initialized, we wire up a few event handlers for our video service. So we actually grab that service that gets injected using Ember Inject, and it wires up local media started, video added, video removed. These basic events that are going to happen really discreetly on your signaling channel with your webRTC connection to your component so that you can actually render them at that level. So, and it has a couple actions, join video, leave video. So if we look in the app, what we have is the application rendered. This is the route render here. You can see as we switch through, the route is re-rendered in the middle. And then at the high level, we have the video chat component rendered at the application level. And that's important for a couple reasons. The primary one being that what you don't want to happen is when your connection is open, if your user is gonna switch around between the app and switch to different routes. You don't wanna destroy that component. It's really important that that stays rendered the entire time.  So it's rendered at a high level that we know isn't gonna be destroyed when we switch around between routes. So when I click the button, a couple things happen. It first makes a request to grab user media. It then levels that up to the component, and the component is able to render that to the DOM. So looking at what happens there, we have a local media started event, which gets started from our service. From there, we schedule after render. This is that example I was talking about earlier, where we're doing some things with jQuery. It's not ideal. We'd love to be able to do this in number. After render, we grab that video element and we attach the stream to it in order to render it in the DOM. So why was that event done? Why did we have to look at the service to grab that event? Why couldn't we just do that in the component itself? Well, the reason that's important is that we're allowing our session manager to provide the APIs for doing that. If we're doing that in the component level, we have to manage all of the differences between browsers. We have to handle permissions, all of that complexity that we really wanna keep leveled at our separate layer of concern. So in our component, when we ask for media, so we say join video, when we join the room, we go to our service and that provides us the ability to start local media and then load it up. So the next thing that happens, if we open this in a separate tab, is say another user joins and they want to talk, be a part of that conversation as well. So they do the same thing. All right, so what happens when we want the second person to join? The second person comes in and does basically the same thing in the UI. Now granted in real life, they would probably be in a different type of UI if this is a customer to an agent. But for the sake of simplicity, they're gonna be in the same UI. So the other customer comes in here and does the same thing. And what we see are that now the second video stream is established. And we can actually see that a real WebRTC connection is happening here. If we open Chrome's WebRTC internals, we can look and see the actual real life WebRTC connections that are established. You can see I've got two, cuz I have two tabs open and one's connected to the other. So what happens there? In our session manager, in the service, because we have bound to the created peer events, the peer stream add-in, peer stream removed, what we can see is that in our service, we can say, look at our video added event that we've bound to and let's just trigger that, to keep it simple here, we're just triggering the peer directly. But what we could do, you can see is, like we said in the example earlier, was look at the store, find a person object associated with that peer, and then emit the event with that person record. So that the component can, maybe it displays a name associated with the peer connection, maybe it displays a profile picture, whatever it may be. And then the UI can render that more friendly way. For the sake of simplicity, we're just gonna emit the peer event. So when that peer event is triggered on the component, the video added element or the video added event is bound to that video added event on the service. So the video added event occurs, we've got the person record. We're gonna add an object for that person record, and then after render, we attach their stream to the DOM as well. So that's your basic example of using your session manager to emit events that your service can act as a gateway and a service bus, to leverage or to surface those events up to the component. From there, you can really get much more complex. You can start binding to data channel events. You can bind to peer shame removed. So we can see if this tab decides to hang up, the other tab can bind to that. And it would be able to remove that event if we bound to the video removed. All kinds of different events occur. And as you get deeper into the complexity of WebRTC, there's a lot more that you can do. And it's important that you have these separate layers of concern. Because if you don't, you're gonna have a massive component that's doing browser shims, you're gonna have event handlers, you're gonna have media, you're gonna have all of these different things in your component. And it's just a big problem for code maintenance and human readability. So that's the basics of it. And what we want to be sure is that you're acknowledging that there's all these different gotchas. And then there's all these different things that can kind of go wrong. And in the past year, I've seen all of these things and more go wrong. But with the help of Ember being able to have a sane way to separate my layers of concerns using services and components. And then having the ability to bind my UI state. And then having the ability to handle my permissions in a way that I can surface the UI changes only once the events are ready. Really makes it useful for building a WebRTC application. So thank you and I appreciate the opportunity.


Here we are in our QuickBooks Online test company file using the accountant view as opposed to the business view. You can toggle between the two views by going to the cog up top and switching the view down below, duplicating some tabs to put reports in like we do every time. Right click the tab up top to duplicate it. We're gonna right click again to duplicate again. Back to the tab to the middle. Go down to the reports on the left hand side. Let's open up the balance sheet report as it's thinking tab to the right reports on the left. And this time we want the P and L, the profit and loss report. I'm gonna close up the hamburger. We're gonna look at this. This time I'm gonna look at it for October. So 10, 01 and two, five. That's where I have the data for the current example. Then we're gonna go to 10, 30, two, five and let's run it. So nothing's in it though. Thus far that's what we wanna see tab to the middle closing up the hamburger, same thing. We're gonna go from 10, 01, two, five to 10, 30, two, five and run that one. Okay, let's tab to the left. We've been thinking about e-commerce situations selling inventory but not on ground in a store but online with the help of third party applications for example, Shopify or Amazon. And we've kind of been focusing in on a Shopify situation here. We might look at Amazon in more depth in a future presentation. So in a prior presentation we looked at the concept of using a journal entry to pull the information from Shopify into our system and this mirrors what many applications. So even if you're using an app method you might have a similar kind of process so it's useful to understand this method so you can kind of see what's happening with the app because a lot of apps are still gonna be confusing because they're pulling in a lot of information and trying to summarize it possibly in some way, shape or form. So the general idea is that we had our income from the Shopify side of stuff and we can look at our reports and we can compare those to the payouts. So what we did is we looked at the payout. We looked at the items that were included in this payout. The payout is gonna actually hit our bank account and then we thought about the reports that give us more detail such as the sales reports breaking that information out. So instead of waiting for the payout to just hit the bank feed because we do expect the payouts to hit the bank feeds if we just add it as revenue when that happens then we're gonna lose some of the detail. So what we wanna do manually what we did last time in Excel manually or in a prior presentation is to mirror this data from Shopify into the system here make a journal entry which posts all of this information into a clearing account. And then when we see it hit the clearing account hit our bank account using the bank feeds will decrease the clearing account. So let's actually put this into our system. And again, this will kind of mirror what some of the applications will do. So just a quick recap we imagined that the sales side according to Shopify for a particular deposit included multiple sales that were kind of grouped together with gross sales of this amount minus the discounts no returns for this example. And then we had shipping that we charged for the shipping expenses and sales taxes that we collected for a total of this amount but then that would be the total amount of like the sales that we had and what we collected on it. However, the payout methods that we had and we're managing our Shopify store were not just Shopify payments but we allowed people to pay us with PayPal. So if they pay us with PayPal then we're gonna say this amount was paid out through PayPal which is a third party processor which is gonna charge its own fees. And then we had the rest paid out by Shopify and then the Shopify payments because they're through Shopify now another third party we know what the fees are because we can see them in the reports in Shopify and that gives us our payout that we expect to hit on the bank account. So then we made a journal entry of all this data so that we still tie out to this payout but we have all the detail from these reports that's what we want to do. So we're gonna say the Shopify sales here is coming from, if I use my little things here it's coming from there and then we had our discount that is coming from there and then no returns, the Shopify shipping income and then the sales tax and then the payments let's clear this out here and then the fees and then the Shopify payment clearing account and then there's nothing here. So that's gonna be our journal entry that we posted last time. Let's make that green to our worksheet so we can see how it looks like in an Excel kind of format. Let's go ahead and put this into Excel now. And again, as we do this remember that this is something that is similar to what some of the recommended softwares will typically do in trying to group this information. So whether we do it manually or software we gotta kind of understand these clearing accounts to some degree. What we're gonna do is we're gonna enter a journal entry. So I'm gonna go up to my new button up top and I'm gonna say that we're going to make a journal entry. Now a lot of people if they're not accountants don't like journal entries but when you have a very long complex transaction there's not really any other way around it. We could probably use another form but it would just be just as complex as just doing a journal entry. So we're gonna have to do the journal entry. So we're gonna say this happens on 10, let's say 10, 15, two, five. And the journal entry you can come up with a template if you use this should be pretty much the same all the time. And then you could just plug in so you can memorize the journal entry so you can see what the debits and credits are and then plug this stuff into the journal entry. So we're gonna say we have the Shopify sales. So Shopify sales we're gonna have here. Let's just make sure I've got, now if you don't have these accounts set up you can make these accounts as you go adding a new button up top. So you can do that but I'm kind of copying this from the accounts that are gonna be set up when we use the app. So if you set up a new account it would be an income type of account. So the bottom line is it would be an income type of account that you'd be putting the money into. So then we're gonna say according to our thing here that that was 162489 so I'm gonna say all right. And that's gonna be a credit because revenue goes up with a credit and now it disappeared. Shopify sales is gonna be a credit of 1624.89 and I should maybe put a description on the date of the deposit or to group it to know what it is but I'm not gonna do it here. For the example I'm gonna say all right and then we had Shopify discounts. See if I have Shopify discount. So here's our discount. Now the discount if you would have set this one up would generally be also a revenue or income type of account. So if you went new item revenue or income type of account and this one is actually gonna be a contra income account meaning it's gonna bring income down so you might think it should be an expense but it's generally netting out from the revenue side of things. So it gets down to net sales that we'll get to instead of having it as an expense even though the expense would get to the same bottom line. So that's gonna be 1699 according to our worksheet and then we didn't have any returns so I'll just skip that one. But if you had returns you could say Shopify returns. So I don't have Shopify. Let's just make this one up. Shopify returns. And I'm gonna say tab. And if I had returns you might have another account for that would also be usually an income account because it's gonna be a sales returns and allowances. So it's gonna act like an expense but in the income area usually I'm gonna make it another primary income. Shopify returns. All right but we didn't have any so I'm just gonna put a zero there.


Thank you very much. Always when you get introduced and they say all these things, you say, that's me, you know, I don't It went by so fast. I don't need Okay, I have 20 slides. No, no, I have 10 slides in 20 minutes So I've got two minutes for slides. So at some point We'll get started here Central America. Yeah, okay Which where do I change the slides here? Okay, great. Thank you Okay, uh, so My presentation is giving you background on the central american migrant youth And so let's get into that right first thing I want to do is look at numbers And I know this are very small here and I apologize for that But I just wanted to show you something here and that something is uh We're here a lot of big numbers, but a big chunk of the big numbers like up till june of this summer A big chunk included, uh, mexican children that come over So we had like 12,000 mexican Unaccompanied youth that came over and apprehended by border patrol And the mexican children used to send right back They're not tasting detention centers as such and so there's a special arrangement between the us and the mexican government So if we take away the mexican children We can we drop down to central americans and we're looking at the most numerous and some a lot about the malin gluris We're at about 39,000 of those kids unaccompanied mean they came by themselves without adults Or they arrived without adults Usually the large majority are from like 15 to 17 14 to 17 maybe 80 percent or something like it varies and then the rest can be even younger, right? including There have been cases of babies who were carried over by older children who themselves are minors. Okay, so I've seen those cases as well. So the point that I'm trying to make here is that uh, the big the big big numbers often include the mexicans which mexican children are uh The big numbers for the longest time with the mexican. What's happening now is that the central americans Are cashing up to the mexican numbers of children unaccompanied and the mexicans are going down reasons I I don't I don't know When we look at the at the central american Unaccompanied children or youth We see that there's a fluctuation some years or high some years or lower, but then it's been growing since 2012 for the saladorans and in in one year 2013 to 2014 if we do it by month they increase by about 170 percent. So there's a search of saladorians the big search is on The the youth coming from anduras with it increased by 214 percent most recently and the guatemalan children are about 122 percent. So numbers are increasing. They fluctuate I've been studying central america Unaccompanied migration of children since 1990 during the civil wars in central america We had big waves of children who were coming over Many of the young the boys age 14 were deserters from the military did The armist would go and I've seen this myself Into the villages and just get boys and put him in the army And kids would you know get traumatized by war and they run and they run all the way keep running and Try to make it to the us Okay, and here's just some some background. We've heard like a lot of power, etc And a couple of things I want to show you here is And I want to compare us and a lot of what the long unders in mexico Infant mortality rate a number of death of infants below the age of one Okay, when they're born before they get to one An infant mortality rate is a good rough indicator of conditions in a country when they're terrible and poor People are suffering So the higher the infant mortality rate, right the worst conditions are in that society In the u.s. This is 2013 our infant mortality rate is like 5.9 Infants for 1,000 life births before the age of one died But if you look at look at what the mala, okay, so it's like infants are More than four times more likely to die in what the mala did in the u.s. Okay, and in central america except for in salvador Conditions are even worse, you know, and Then what we find in mexico those are indicators of very Few resources of health care and good jobs and family income and this is harsh poverty Killing infants and when i'm coming out, what are they dying from diarrhea? I get diarrhea. I go to the drugstore. We have to be small. I'm okay by the evening These that i've been doing the highlands of what the mother many infants died of diarrhea There is no drugstore. There is even if there was they don't have money to buy anything So that's what we're talking about and those countries are like the rest of the global south Or the fastest growing growing countries They're producing more populations total fertility rate is large families number of Kind of like the average number of children women has here by the time she Man's referring for to the age, right? so big families And here's the percent of the population of the country that's 15 years of age Or or less than 15 so you can see these are populations that have a lot of children and so we have that And this is just my economic comparison here like This is if you think of like per capita think of like income Percentage poverty and here we are right And then you can see those are very poor countries Making very little money Farage poverty. I mean we know that conditions are arching Mexico, but Central america's like you've gone down to another level You know extreme poverty They have This is during the recession. So we we didn't do too well here Those countries did well, but there's small economy many agricultural economy So they increased production of coffee bananas or something. And so this number is going to go up But the question becomes So if you have population growth, who gets the who gets the profits? How is wealth distributed? And then we look at the poorest 20 percent of the population What percent of total income that they get look at our doors? The bottom 20 percent of the population gets only 2 percent of total income in the country I mean they're almost getting nothing Okay, we're talking about extreme absolute poverty And what about the richest 20 percent of the population they get 60 percent? They don't walk away. It was all you know wealth not all but big big chunk So a very unequal distribution of wealth Now we're not doing so well ourselves I'm not just gonna point I tell you a country that does wealth Japan I think that Japan several times and To me it's like it's all middle class. I'm exaggerating. It's not all middle class, but it's a lot more middle class than we are You know, and so that's one of you know, what's driving is my when we talk about absolute poverty This is what we're talking about. It's not just that people are poor is that huge inequality Severe inequality in a country that's already poor Okay We talk about violence driving the migration of youth or attack, etc. This is from the Pew Research Center And this is scary Okay, look at the homicide rate Murders for 100,000 inhabitants. Look at Honduras night Honduras leads the world Right and yeah, we have more kids coming from Honduras. Okay Is when 90.4 is their homicide rate Then you drop down to 41.2 for a Salvador 39.9.  I mean this is like scary stuff And here's what's even scarier This country's I don't know why Mexico or I can tell us They don't have 9-1-1 You get attacked you're on your own your brothers and sisters better come out and help you They don't have 9-1-1. You don't call 9-1-1 time because you do it's the police that's attacking you or hitting up in you There's a I do for two decades, I've been going to the Guatemalan islands to communities where I do migration research And uh Looked at my notes. This is in the province of Tocunitapan anybody from Guatemala Okay, I mean so I can I can stretch my I This is uh, the municipio the township small county of San Cristobal, Tocunitapan or a lot of migration to houston Especially but all over and all from the highlands all over into the u.s. It's going to Antonio Right and so looking at conditions affecting youth migration in the Guatemalan islands family separation exactly what Harriet told us That families come over they're locked in we have almost 12 11.7 million undocumented immigrants It's a sign of success. We're doing such a great job at border control People are afraid to leave because they know they can't come back to their job So they stay there and I've met migrants who haven't seen their parents except for skype and all stuff like that for many years, right and so Children grow up they're left with their grandmother the grandmother dies or it gets too old to control them and then so They want to come and look for their family. They want to come look for their father They want to come look for their older brother. And so that's something that drives this migration to come and look for family members Uh, I know other youth who migrated because their friends migrated. They decided to migrate together Okay It's like Harriet said there are cultures of migration throughout central america and migration is a right of passage for for boys who think they become men now and and need to migrate We've created this migration system And I say we because I'm thinking of u.s. Employers and institutions that create a labor market for central american labor And I used to go our labor market went to Mexico and now we went further into central america And people there know that when they grow up they're going to come to the u.s to look for work Uh, families collapse their family members died There's illness There's no control of the older children the children become homeless And then they join other kids and then they start migrating to medico and from medico into the u.s. etc Fear of violence very present If a brother or older cousin gets killed by a gang amara Then younger children may decide they're going to migrate to because they're afraid that that's going to happen to them And so they move to lose her some of the things that that i've seen in San Cristobal and other island communities that i've studied that's creating this push factor of children Where's the time? violence in the in the con in the highlands The situation is not that there's violence in the highlands violence But in the context of a weak state in a in any context where you don't expect your government to do anything Because they don't have the resources or whatever. They don't have the organization for it They they said there is no one 911 to call And so in the community for a study of here's some of the violence threats against families for extortion or remittances One of the things that's happening now is so much migration a lot of money being sent by migrants in the u.s. Back to their families the gangs find out push families are receiving monthly checks From the u.s. And they go hit those families They want a percent of their remittances every month and they give them a bank account and they tell them every month Put so much hundred dollars into this bank account of fifty dollars or two hundred depends on what you're getting It's getting so hard for me to do research because families don't want to identify themselves as migrant families Because they're afraid that the gangs are going to find out how to hit them Some of the migrant families are building homes and this is happening all over happening in Mexico It's happening in Central America with their remittances building homes And so gangs find out Who owns the homes and they do home invasions go in Tie everybody up take all the appliances out whatever that that they can sell later and then leave The only thing that I don't have any data on it, but I think the only thing that's different from the u.s. From immigration is it seems like they don't kill you if you just cooperate And I know in the u.s. They need to go to operate you can get killed in all the information at least in Houston Kidnap and you can meet this where I've been kidnapings Uh A small hillowner had a daughter kidnapped and killed and another kidnapping of a prominent political figures family members So this is levels of violence attempted robberies by armed assailants used to miss knives Uh Something shooting us bus drivers who refused to share pathogens repairs of his gangs Up in the island the gangs are hitting the bus The bus is privately owned and so No people don't have cars so they make money and the gangs want the bus drivers to handle part of the affairs Robbery and murder of smugglers Smuckings are very dangerous business because you carry a lot of cash because you've got to pay off police and make people Or central america or even maybe in the u.s And the bandits know that you're carrying money so the bandits are hitting us on the smugglers and I had I need two smugglers and both have been killed by by bandits A solid rape of young women by gangs modest of the pan american highway There's some highways that have traveled a lot by gangs and migrant youth and the pan american highway is a major one And so using that community that's in the pan american highway You're going to get a lot of traffic of kids some of them who are the gangs, etc Other levels of violence violence in the island the killing of political candidates It's still going that didn't stop It continues right they just don't call it a civil war anymore killing of human rights workers continues and in Right there research there was in october the fourth the watermelon army the national police came And they shot at mayan protesters. They were protesting in some kind of constitutional reform They killed four and wounded many more All right But equally violent is is the power that's maintained by unequal distribution of wealth because it deprives people of the ability to To to have a good quality of life to keep their children alive, etc, etc. How we do five minutes? This is community where I do research. This is the pan american highway Here are the private buses And so I all along the pan american highway highway one You see this bus stops and this are many of these are migrants. They're getting ready to go Somebody we're going to go into guatemala city. They have visas and they've been flying to houston Etc etc others are not they're going to take the bus to get to the mexican border and then Or they're coming with smuggler Etc so as many not all of these but many of our migrants are heading out Uh to vibrate dangerous in the journey in the 1990s. I did a survey of which was a large team of Public health workers and psychologists who were looking for a post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD among migrant children And so we used a question area was divided into three parts Tell us the the potentially traumatic events you experience in your own country during the civil war And we say potentially traumatic because not every child will react to the same you've had the same way At home during the journey to the u.s. And after you entered the u.s And here the the types of of dangers they experience physical Uh in the journey to the to the u.s physical assault some kids sexual assaults especially of the girls robberies extreme hunger Serious health problems especially the girls some of the the kids have been kidnapped Victimized by police. This is a constant and even today when I interview migrants. This is still reported, you know And it reported a lot from mexico Uh because mexico's a long it's it's a long country and i've spent a lot of time frozen it And there but there are music police everywhere not just in mexico even in the u.s In early this year of board patrol kidnapped young migrant Go to his apartment. I think he assaulted her and then he committed suicide Something you didn't happen anymore Some of the children are exploited by workers Some of the children have a family member die in the migration Some of the children fell off the train on top of the train and i grew up falling or whatever In our study in the early 1990s we found that The children experience potential traumatic events in back home in their war zones about three Or eight different types of events not not frequency but different types And then they experienced potential traumatic events the number that we calculated was 3.7 Meaning that for the children the journey the migration on it is is about The migration is the same as being in the war zone for children. Okay, it's very traumatic And then to end with my one last minute This is on highway 77 before you hit 59 near victoria We're 19 migrants died in the back of the truck 18 wheeler There was a father and his son from guacamole. I think the son was seven years old One of the 19 who died there And so what how do we solve all of this there are many things that need to be done You know some things immediately the heritage talked about But you know, there are big things that we need to do right We have large numbers of people in this country or undocumented. It doesn't help anyone to have these large numbers. They're already here Okay, and they've been here for a long time here the estimated numbers by the h From the honan security of central america the big numbers, right? And we know that i've been involved in other research With undocumented immigrants who don't we're separated from family because they're undocumented and we find that it generates a lot of stress And it's something that that pushes youth to migrate So we need a new lot for migrants to be able to travel home and visit their families and children We need to Maintain the family unit for those migrants, right? But as harriet said congress is not acting it's become a political pace for a game or something And so and congress will not act because There's a huge social cost for not having this new law and this is part of it Okay, but congress doesn't pay this cost. Who pays this cost these people do and the children, right? So whatever we can do, you know to Encourage our Represent is that we need we really need a new law and that doesn't mean I open up the border. I'm not talking about that I'm talking about people who've been here productive contributing to society, etc, etc, right? Give it give those families a chance my minute. It's up. So thank you very much


When I'm approached by a Christian who says, brother David, I'm just struggling so much. I can't get over this temptation. There's something in my nature that seems to be resisting God's goodness, and I just don't know what to do. I'll always ask them, how is your devotion to the Word? Well, I read it every now and then, but I'm not really consistent. You don't go to the doctor and say, doctor, I just feel terrible. I haven't been sleeping, I haven't been eating, I haven't been drinking water, I haven't been exercising, and I've just not been taking care of myself, and I feel terrible. What do you think I should do? He's gonna look at you and say, hey, go home and do the basics first, and if the problem persists, then we'll call in the specialist. The problem is, believers don't wanna do the basics because they're spiritually lazy. We need the Word consistently.


Good afternoon and welcome to another episode of likeable science here on Think Tech Hawaii. Likeable science is all about how science is a vital and interesting part of our lives, how we all should embrace science, love the evidence-based nature of it, and take home lessons using our daily lives. I've got a really great guest today, Makana Research Chai. Welcome Makana. Thank you. And she has written a wonderful book called Be Fit in No Time, and we're going to talk about this book. It is filled with great information. That is, when I read it, it was just like it fits so well with the show's theme. It's good science-based advice, but it's very accessible. It's very applicable. People can use it, pick it up, and just, boom, run with it right away. I hope so, yeah. That's the point. Let's just jump in right away to your sort of a central idea on this, what you call mindful multitasking. Now, multitasking has sort of deservedly a really a bad rep, right? Exactly, right. Yeah, when we think of multitasking, we usually think about texting while driving or listening to a meeting while you're doing your email at the same time. But that's not really multitasking because both of those activities require you to think, and you can't think about two things at once. So what you're really doing is task switching from the meeting to the email, meeting to email. With mindful multitasking, I'm not asking you to think about two things at once. Right, you're doing one on sort of almost a subconscious level. Exactly. Thinking about the other, and whether the exercise is in the foreground or the exercise is in the background, you can do it either way, right? Yes, exactly. Yeah, the other multitasking, the way it's commonly used, of course, as you say, you're involved in task switching, which is terribly inefficient, right?  Exactly. You know, we don't think of that as taking up time, it does take time, it takes energy and it takes concentration. Right. And then when you're doing the one thing, because you are doing it, you're not, you know, you're losing track of the other. Right, right. So it really is, you're doing two things, poorly, instead of one thing well. But this is very different. Right, so an example is actually two types of micro multitasking. So one is, we're not actually doing anything anyway, you're waiting for the microwave, the toaster, the coffee maker. So while you're waiting, you can do squats or push-ups or balance on one foot, because balance is so important as we get older. So that's one category. Another category is where you do have to pay attention. For example, you're driving, but what I'm asking you to do doesn't take your attention away from the driving. So for example, you can sing upbeat songs, or you can listen to comedy. Do deep breathing. Do deep breathing. Yeah, there's all kinds of things. There's so many things you can do in the car. It's amazing. Yeah, you have what, 34 different exercises in here, divided into ones for physical fitness, for sort of mental health, emotional well-being, and even a whole category on spiritual uplifting, right? Yeah, because you know, the medical research shows that all four of those are important to have a long, healthy and happy life. So we, a lot of people think of physical exercise is just to lose weight, but that's like its least important aspect. And then mental wellness is about keeping our minds active and not getting depressed or negative. The emotional is about connecting to others, because emotional connection actually is the biggest indicator for a long life. Right. And then connecting to the divine has also been correlated with longer, healthier, happier lives. Yeah, this ties in neatly to the Blue Zones projects. Yes. You know, where they find in these communities around the world where people live long, healthy lives, they've got all these things going for them. They're typically physically active. They are mentally active. They're connected into their communities with a sense of purpose, drive. I mean, it really fits these same categories rather neatly. Right. And you know, there's I think there's so much science and research and projects being done. And it gets kind of overwhelming. So what I wanted to do was create a really small book, a narrow book that just has 34 techniques in it that are very accessible, very easy to do. And you can just kind of go one by one. One of my readers said that she puts it on our kitchen table. And she just opens it at random every morning, and does that thing that day. Great. What I thought was great is some of these things resonated with me and rang a bell because there are things I'm already doing. And so it's like, Oh, well, cool, I'm already sort of, you know, I'm halfway through it here, or whatever, I've gotten a start on it. So picking up new parts of it is just like adding on to the repertoire of things I'm already doing. It's not starting a whole new program in a sense. And so I found I found that a very appealing aspect. Oh, good. But here's my question for you.  This is this is very different. So something happened here to shift you from one course in life to another. Oh, well, yes, I ended up in the hospital because of my stressful lifestyle.  So from that, I decided to go to massage school, become a certified stress and wellness consultant with the Canadian Institute of Stress, and also moved to Hawaii, because I'd always wanted to live in Hawaii. So I thought if I'm going to die, might as well die here. But it's been almost 20 years, I'm still here. So and then I became a certified instructor in Pilates and yoga. So I've been pursuing fitness for quite a while. No, that's great. And it's a wonderful for a testament to saying you've got credentials for this, right?  So maybe you talk to the audience just a little bit about sort of what how you might start some of these start getting into this routine, or one of these routines. Okay, well, I think one good way to do it is to start with asking yourself, what is your area that you want to work on because there's a physical, mental, emotional and spiritual. And I think most of us have most of these things more or less under control most of the time. But there's usually one that's an issue. For me, many, many years, it was the physical that I just didn't exercise. And I know I just said that I taught Pilates and yoga for eight years. But the reason I taught that was because I would not have done the exercises by myself, you know, I had to force myself to be there. But if physical exercises, the issue then, you know, start with physical and just look at what's in there. And pick one, maybe that appeals to you and try that. And then maybe that will lead to another one or another one. Or another way of looking at physical is do you have an issue? For example, a lot of people have low back pain. And part of the reason for that is because we don't have strong abs. So an exercise anybody can do anytime sitting, standing, lying in bed is working their abs. And in Pilates, what we teach is that you imagine there's a fish hook behind your navel. And it's pulling towards your spine and down towards the floor. So you're pulling towards the your back and towards the floor. And then at the same time, squeezing your kegel muscles, pelvic floor muscles. And then you release. So you squeeze and release. And I just ran into Tahitian dancer a couple days ago, and she was telling me that from the time that she started dancing, she's been doing that, the squeezing and releasing squeeze all the time she's on her feet at her job. And she just practices doing that to keep her abs tight. Yeah, it's, it's valuable stuff. And again, the way you've outlined it here is somewhat different from the sort of standard exercise program, right? Standard exercise program you're asked to set aside 20 minutes or 40 minutes or some big chunk of time. But you're saying just slide these in slide it in just these 1000 times each day when you have a spare 20 seconds, 30 seconds or not even spare. So for example, under emotional, one of my favorite exercises in the book is smiling. Because research shows that even fake smiling increases the amount of happy hormones in your body. So I will smile at work in my cubicle while I'm working on a spreadsheet, or I'll smile while I'm cooking, or while I'm doing laundry or cleaning the house. And there's two effects of that. One is that I feel better, and it seems to go faster, whatever chore I'm doing. And it just, you know, makes your day better. Yeah, and plus exercise is an exercise is your face to lift everything. So yeah, so a lot of these things you do while you're doing something else. So it doesn't take any extra time. Right. And there is that whole relationship, as you say, we sort of think we smile when we're happy, but actually smiling actually makes us happy to right, right. And you know, smiling is so great, because if you do it a lot, as I try to do, when I first moved to Hawaii, I smiled all the time, right? Because I was excited. And everyone around me smiled. And then somewhere along the line, I stopped smiling. And everyone around me stopped smiling. So since I've been smiling again, I catch people's eyes, and they smile back. And then sometimes you even have a greater connection. I was in this grocery store. And I had kind of stopped at the end of the aisle. And this local man came around the corner. And I smiled and said hello to him. And I said, Oh, let me get out of your way. And he said, No, no, you go first. And I said, No, I can't go. I have to think. He said, Oh, you cannot think and walk at the same time. No. So we both laughed. And he went on. So now I've got even more happy hormones because I've laughed. Right. Yeah, exactly. And that's the nice thing. This stuff for a snowball is exactly a bunch of these things. You start doing them more, they become easier to do. So do them more. And they then have these spin-off effects that the smiling leads to laughing. Then I go home, tell my husband about it. So then I'm laughing with him that deepens our relationship. So yeah, there is a real ripple effect. That's really wonderful stuff. And the they're really very diverse, the kinds of things we talk about here, but they're all appealingly simple, right? There's nothing very complicated about any of them. Yeah. And which is true for I think, the research is showing us that it's not that hard.  And you know, I think all of us have it in our genes, right? Because our grandparents or their grandparents live this way too. And we've kind of gotten distance from it. But another way people can approach it, some people have told me that they have a lot of time that they spend driving you know, the average commute time in the United States is 25 minutes each way. And it's longer in Hawaii. And so people can say, Okay, I'm going to drive. So then they can look at all of the techniques that they can use while driving. So one, for example, one of my favorites while I'm driving is a spiritual technique, which is to experience awe. There's research on how important it is to enjoy nature. So as we're driving, if we savor the color of the sky, the shape of the clouds or the play of the light, or rainbows, and go, Ah, it's engaging the same part of our brain that's engaged when we pray. So it's giving us a spiritual experience. Doesn't take any extra time. And way better than listening to news or talk radio, or sitting there a few of the other drivers in the road who are the idiots, right? Right. Now, the thing you can do is pray for them. Right. That takes a lot of enlightenment, though. Right. Or be grateful for them. They didn't run you off the road this time. Exactly. Or forgive them. Forgiveness is one of the techniques that's really important. Yeah, all these things that they really tie and they cross those boundaries a lot. I think when you you're doing things that are improving your emotional well-being and they're also helping you mentally. Yeah, and just starts the day off better. I love to sing. I mostly sing to Beatles or, you know, oldies. And I went into work one day, and I was just really bopping, you know, I was so energetic. And one of my co workers said, Why are you so happy? But I was happy because of that, you know, and so it just spills over into the rest of the day. And then that that tends to have good impacts on people around you too, right? Exactly. Yeah. Well, this is amazing. We're going to we're going to take a little break. And then we're going to come back. McConaughey research is with me today. I'm Ethan Allen. You're here with us on likeable science and we'll be back in just a moment. All the better to see you with my dear. What are you doing? Okay, research says reading from birth accelerates the baby's brain development. And you're doing that now. Oh, yeah. This is the starting line. This is over. Read aloud 15 minutes, every child, every parent, every day. And you're back here on likeable science. I'm Ethan Allen, your host here. And with me today in the think tech studios is McConaughey research I the author of be fit in no time, wonderful new book filled with good advice on how to improve your mind, your body and your spirit, make you emotionally more fit, more balanced, wonderful, simple, accessible exercises that be easily integrated into your daily life and help basically create better habits for you, and make you a better person. So how would you come to write this book? I mean, I understand you were you were being a Pilates coach and a yoga coach and those kinds of things. What really drove you to pull this together? Well, I've been teaching stress management courses. And I was teaching one one night for busy people. And I was telling them, you need to take time to exercise. You need to take time to relax. You need to take time to meditate. And they started laughing at me. They said, we don't have time. We have jobs. We have families. We were caregivers. So I started thinking that night as I drove home, you know, how can I help them? And the idea came to me while I was driving. Well, you can meditate while you're driving. Now don't close your eyes. But but meditation is really just breathing and focusing your mind either on the breath on a mantra or on the moment. So that was the seed. And then as time went on, I started thinking of more and more things that you could do while you're doing something else. So from the moment that I had the idea to the moment that it was published, it was just nine months. Wow. I know, I've never written a book that quickly. But I just got so excited with the idea, you know, because I wanted to help people who say we don't have time and give them a way to have time to make a difference. Yeah, I think I think that's a really critical issue. Because people don't feel they have time. We all have the same 24 hours every day. But people are finding they're doing more and more and more these days, particularly here in Hawaii, where lots of people work two or three jobs just sort of survive. And yes, more people are now finding those caring for older parents or caring for kids or whatever it may be, and sort of on top of their two or three jobs. And they feel they just simply don't have any time. So I think you hit a really beautiful niche here. And you can be taking care of your kids and be doing some of these at the same time. I'm a part time caregiver. And I know sometimes it's very easy to get impatient with an elder who keeps repeating the same thing over and over again. But if I can repeat to myself positive affirmations, then it doesn't get to me, you know, I don't get impatient or annoyed. Right. I've been doing a little bit of gratitude journaling, not quite as consistent as I should be. But my wife and I started that a while ago at her urging and found it to be a very good thing. We sort of dropped it off now. I want to get back into it. Are you on Facebook? We are. So I do mine on Facebook. So every night, I write down three things that I'm grateful for on Facebook. And I'm not doing it for anybody necessarily to see, but I'm already there. So it's not a different thing. And I the gratitude practice I learned is that it has to be three different things every single day, because otherwise the sunset would be there and sunrise would be there every day. So you have to really think sometimes. But after I've been doing it for maybe about six months, one day I was cleaning the house. And I had a deep clean. So this was like four hours into it. All of a sudden the thought popped into my head, I'm grateful I have a house to clean. And so it's that kind of thing where you really start looking or just today driving here. I saw some pink blossoms on the road that were dancing across the road in the wind, you know, and they reminded me of fairies.  No, it's great. It's great. And once you start paying attention to these positive things, you see more of them around you then, right? Your attention becomes more focused on that kind of thing. And therefore, you see more of it, you have more reasons to be happy to be grateful. Yeah, you are less distracted by the bad news or the news. Yes. Yeah. In fact, one of the things that in the back of the book, there are some ideas for getting more time. And one of them is to do less news. Because it's there's nothing we can do about it, you know, when I lived in Chicago for a number of years, I would get the morning paper. And eventually I had to stop because it was sort of like each day was it was a contest to see what new Logan human beings think to you know, what more disgusting, awful, wretched thing can they do? And I found it was just it was just terrible. It was for ruining my day each day to pick up the newspaper and see some other appalling human act. Yes, I too. Watch read the paper every day. And when I moved here, I stopped. And now as part of my job, I need to look at headlines. But that's all I do is look at headlines. And if there's something related to my job, then I pull it out. But otherwise, I'm like, Okay, you know, I got the overview took me 10 minutes, you know, instead of an hour. I mean, there is a very interesting tension here because we live in really interesting political time, shall we say, and not normal political times. And a lot of people feel with some justification that we can't ignore this stuff and pretend it's all normal. We all have some obligation to pay some attention to it and be sure we're reacting appropriately to whatever crisis is occurring. Yeah, it's very how do you deal with that? My philosophy is rather than focusing on, you know, what's going on out there is to work really close to home. So I've been volunteering with IHS, the Institute for Human Services that works with people who are homeless. And all I'm doing is really nothing but it's something is they have a jobs program. And so I write resumes for people who are homeless who are looking for jobs. And I do usually two or three a month. But it's my way of helping. And and then I give donations to various local charities, because I think that's important too. Well, that's good. Yeah. Again, I'm sure that kind of stuff has good input impacts on people. I suspect you get a certain amount of good feedback from the people who yeah, and it's and the jobs program is actually really good they get they place between 15 and 20 people a month in jobs. So it and it puts a face to people who are homeless. So again, that's an emotional connection, you know that I can see people who are homeless on the street. And I see them more as human beings who've fallen on hard times. Sure, it's all too easy to set those barriers up with particular people who, for whatever reason, you feel some distance from, right? Exactly. But even just other people in a store, it's all too easy just to get into sort of zoning them out, putting them behind some sort of psychic fence, right? Right, right. Yeah, we just get we put blinders on I think. And so connecting I think connecting with people emotionally, you know, the clerk in the store, getting to know their names, and, you know, finding out a little bit about them or at least just saying hi and try to make their their day a little bit better. I remember years ago, I heard this speaker talk about how are you going to be remembered when you die? And I thought, you know, I think what's more important is how am I going to be remembered today? Like, is someone going to go home and tell their family? Oh, I met this horrible person today.  Or are you going to be the happy story of somebody's day? No, and that connection is it's an amazing to watch. My wife, Thea has this ability to connect very quickly with people. And I've seen this countless times in will be standing in line in a grocery store or something.  And she responds and within sometimes 30 seconds, this person will open up and start telling her amazingly deep things about themselves, you know, telling her things about the life that she may not even want. But it's really that ability to establish that I'm always sort of in awe of that when I see it. So yeah, just thinking about we had talked earlier about commuting and driving and you know, so much of us spend so much of our time driving. And so a couple of the things I wanted to share, because they're easy to do. And again, don't take any time. One thing we can do while we're driving is facial yoga. Actually, you can do that almost any time in your cubicle, in the bathroom, taking a shower. So facial yoga is just trying to open up and use the face. So there's all different techniques in the book. But one is just to go through the vowels. So you say a, a, e, a, i, i, o, u. And that just kind of opens up. Sure. Or another one is go surprise. Yeah, and all those things, push your facial muscles out of a normal sort of fixed position, right, right, really help.  It's keeping you active. It's getting more blood circulation going. It's keeping those muscles more combed up.  And actually, I learned as part of my research is, I don't know about you, but I learned you're supposed to keep your hands at 10 and three on the two was a classic. And now they're saying nine and three. So already, you're having your shoulders reduced or relaxed more.  Right, right. And you're keeping again, that kind of movement keeps you from sort of zoning out and getting right sort of lost, which is and then we did mention breathing. But I wanted to mention this science, you know, because people think deep breathing, that's so new age. But it's there's research, the research shows that deep breathing reduces blood pressure. It normalizes blood sugar levels. It decreases stress. And it helps you think better, because you've got more oxygen in your brain. So just three deep breaths are enough to start that process going right. And actually stretches your abdomen and again, sort of works on the whole core. And then you can actually combine that with your abdomen exercise. So when you breathe in, you relax your abdomen.  So now you're doing two things at once. Yeah, this is wonderful. This has been great. This is wonderful. I highly, highly, highly recommend this book. Be fit in no time, McConnell Research Try available on Amazon. I'm probably elsewhere. But and it's an astounding book. I think you've done a real service for getting science out in the community.  I thank you very much. And I wish you the best of luck going forward. And hope you sell a million copies of it. Because if I do that means a million people got helped. Well, thank you so much, McConnell. Thank you, Ethan. Take care. This is Ethan Allen signing off another episode of likeable science. McConnell Research I has been with me today here at Think Tech CoI. See you next week.


Top 5 Skills Teachers Need To Set Their Students Up For Success Teachers play important roles in the lives of the students in their classrooms. Teachers are best known for their role of educating the students. The best teachers possess excellent communication skills, understand classroom management and appropriate discipline techniques to ensure a positive learning environment. As with all skills, teachers need to continue to improve their teaching skills by sharing with other teachers, continuing education and classroom experience. There are five important skills that teachers need in a classroom to set their students up for success. The focus needs to be on strengthening these skills to increase the effectiveness of the lessons. This post was written by RITTT graduate Jin K, 1. Giving Clear Instructions The first skill is the ability to give clear instructions. This may be especially changing as the students do not speak English as their first language. Effective teachers need to be able to employ strategies such as breaking down instructions, modeling the activity and using visual aids for clearer understanding. A teacher that is able to do this well provides many ways for students to understand the instructions, supports beginner students know have little knowledge of the language and allows for more student talk time as the students spend less time being confused. 2. Checking for Understanding The second skill that an English language teacher needs to possess is checking to see that the students understand the lesson, focus and instructions among other key factors in the classroom. This skill includes strategies to prompt the students to show, model, use and demonstrate to show their understanding and helps to teach in how they will proceed with the lessons. Making sure students understand creates an environment for more student participation, increases student talk time and the opportunity for the students to use the language and concepts, encourages peer monitoring and corrections, as well as giving the teacher a stronger direction to take the class. 3. Breaking Down Content Into Manageable Parts The third skill a teacher needs in a classroom is the ability to break down things into manageable parts. The teacher needs to make sure the language and lessons are relevant and level appropriate for their students. Teachers who are able to master this skill helps the students feel more confident and in turn, the students show more competence. The students are more engaged and the teacher is better able to assess the students needs more effectively. 4. Creating Opportunities for Interaction The fourth teaching skill in the classroom that makes the classroom more student focused is by creating opportunities for interaction. The interactions can be teacher to student, student to teacher and student to student. The teachers need to come to their class well prepared with a clear lesson plan with a precise learning objective, with detailed instructions on how to engage the students to get their attention, worksheets and other study materials for the study parts of the lesson and activities to activate the points of the lesson the teacher wants to ingrain in the students. The sades and greater student interactions and engagement and increased sense of community and classrooms become more manageable with fewer problems. 5. Assessing Students' Needs and Problems The fifth teaching skill is for the teachers to be able to assess their students and notice what the students are stumbling on or having difficulties with. Teachers can prepare in advance vocabulary words that they think their students might have difficulties with and have drills to try to have the students learn it faster. Teachers should be able to give appropriate feedback and some corrections but all the peers to self correct as much as possible to increase student interactions. Are you ready to teach English abroad? As with all skills, teachers will need to continue to hone these skills to increase their effectiveness in the classroom and to build a stronger relationship with their students. There are five important skills that teachers need in the classroom will set the students up for success in learning English. Apply now for your TEFL test all certification course and start teaching in a matter of months. Speak with an ITTT advisor today to put together your personal plan for teaching English abroad. Send us an email or call us toll free at 1-800-490-0531 to speak with an ITTT advisor today.