I'm Bruce Schneier. Thank you. Are there any questions? I'm serious. Look, if there are no questions, you're all going to get to go early. Hey, question over there? Oh. We can do this. So fundamentally you've got, you've got two dynamics going on. You've got the first dynamic, right, which is, you know, good, cheap and fast, pick any two. So, so you're still going to have that problem. The other thing you have, that's what makes Vegas interesting, is a lot of Vegas is subsidized by gamblers. Go to places that want to have gamblers. That's where they're going to get the food cheap, because gamblers are subsidizing it. This is a very weird economy here, because stuff tends not to be normally priced. And, you know, that's, I gave a talk a long time ago on hacking Las Vegas. And, and one of the ways to hack Vegas, one of, actually one of your best, one of your best bets for value, bets is a bad word, a sports book. Because you can go to one of those sports book rooms, bet on a football game, and basically drink for free for a couple of hours. Right, because the turnover is so low. So, for Vegas, you know, one, best way to win is not to play.  And three, if, if you want to play and know you're going to lose and have fun, my advice has always been the craps table. Because like, unlike any other game, you're all in it together. Right, you all win together, you all lose together. The pass line is one of the lowest house edges on the casino floor.  So those are the places to go. You want good food at a reasonable price, you want to go places that incend people to come. The secondary casino is a desperate for people. Right, the top casinos don't need to offer discounts. Odd question, but I'll take it. Hi Bruce, my name is Damian. Hi, I was hoping you could talk about the advancements by NIST and quantum computing and the risk to public key cryptography. All right, quantum computing is interesting. Quantum computing, it's largely theoretical, right? We have a quantum computer we've built that factors 15, I believe. And maybe it's a little bit bigger now. But there's a sort of a theoretical way of doing computing that's non-Newtonian, where things happen in parallel.  It's not actually good for a lot. But it turns out that the easiest thing a quantum computer can do is factor large numbers. And the second easiest thing it can do is discrete log problems. So basically a quantum computer is a public key cryptography killer. That's its core application. Against everything else, it's hard to tell what it can do. At a theoretical level, the maximum it can do is decrease the complexity of any computation by a factor of a square root. Effectively, that means in symmetric cryptography having the key. All right, so if you have a 128-bit key that's secured against all computers, which it is, someone who events a quantum computer, you need a 256-bit key to get the same level of security. So against symmetric cryptography, quantum computers are not an issue. It's really easy to double a key length. Against public key cryptography, it is a huge big deal because it can make our basic public key algorithms obsolete. It can make factoring easy. It can make it linear. Now, things aren't all bad. There are a number of public key algorithms that use coding theory. Some of them bend into 70s and 80s, a little work in the 90s. Largely, they're only done by coding theorists and we cryptographers ignore them because it is so obscure and so inefficient compared to RSA or Diffie Hellman that we don't need them. But they do exist and they would be secure against quantum computation as far as we know today. So when you look at quantum computers, I mean looking into the science fiction future, it does have the potential of changing things but not all that much. It doesn't make secrecy go away. It doesn't make a cryptography go away. It doesn't even make public key cryptography go away. It makes certain algorithms go away and it makes certain algorithms insecure. And I think quantum computing is great. I love the theory. But, you know, is it going to be practical in our lifetimes? You know, it's hard to know. You know, right now there are some very, very severe limitations like making the I.O. work. But, you know, we're really good at this. This is now turning into engineering. When we come back here in 10 years, there might be a quantum computing room at DEF CON. That'd be kind of fun. I'm a college professor from Canada and I teach a survey course in security to first year software engineering students. I use a lot of DEF CON videos and a lot of the expert content because they're not overly technical at this point. What advice would you have for me to try and communicate to the students and what advice would you give to them, seeing that they'll probably be seeing this talk on video in about six months? Interesting. I think hackers are an extremely valuable part of society. And I wrote an essay some years ago on the mindset of hacking. And I wonder if it's something that can be taught. You can teach domain expertise. I can teach networking. I can teach lock picking. I can teach how airline security works. But the mindset of looking at systems in that certain sideways way, I think it is almost innate. The example I always love to use, you haven't heard of Uncle Milton's ant farm? It still exists. I mean, it's around when I was a kid.  It's kind of cool. When you buy Uncle Milton's ant farm, which you can at any hobby store, it doesn't come with ants because that would be kind of weird. It comes with a little certificate that you mail into the company and they send you a tube of ants. So the normal person looks at this and says, whoa, I can get a tube of ants. I look at this and say, I can send a tube of ants to anybody I want. What a great country. And that's thinking like a hacker thinks. How can I take this system and make it do something that it's not supposed to do, that it's not intended to do, that the organizers didn't, the creators didn't envision it to do. And I think this is something you walk around the world doing. And I remember when I was a kid going into a voting booth with my mother and I'm yay tall and I'm looking around and saying, I could cheat this machine. You don't have to do it, but you have to think that way. So I like exercises that flex that muscle. Yoshi Kono teaches a course in Hacking University of Washington. And he has his students kind of keep a blog together on hacking systems. And one of them writes a post on what it's like to return a car to Avis in ways you can hack that. And someone else is looking at, you know, some of some other random commerce system. And it almost doesn't matter what. Right? And how can you get more food at the Thanksgiving dinner table and you're supposed to just ways to think about how systems work, how they, how they fail, how they can be made to fail. And all else is domain expertise. All else and that's going to change. I mean, the talks we're seeing here at DEFCON this year are not the same types of talks we saw 15, 20 years ago. The world's changing, but that way of thinking doesn't change. The badges get weirder, but it's all about, and the badges are started out to be a little arms race between people who wanted to forge the badges and people who didn't want the badges forged. Now they kind of taken a life of their own. So, you know, and I've written a couple essays on this, and I sort of urge you to look at them and give them to your students. But, you know, thinking like a hacker, and it's a valuable tool for all life. Not just for hacking. Right? Advertising is hacking. Politics is hacking. Right? How can I subvert the system from my personal lane? And look at how to do that, I think is interesting. All right. So, as an aside, people who ask questions, you might notice you're being given an envelope. The envelope is, has my initials on it and has a number on it. Those of you who have one save it, it will become valuable later. Those of you who don't, might want to ask a question. I want to hear your thoughts on the TSA Pat-Down process and the potential for us to make us less safe. I'll give you a quick example. So when I opt out, I don't go through any scanner, not even a metal detector, and I'm walked past already pre- screened flyers or passengers. So there's a potential that I could drop something off or pass something off to an accomplice at that point. Because the line is great between cleared and non-cleared passengers. And then once they're impatted down, they often don't check the bottom of my feed and some other areas. It's funny, I've noticed this too, I know people have. Right now when you go through the full body scanners, you're allowed to opt out. And I really recommend you all opt out. Not because the radiation is going to kill you, but because if we don't exercise our rights to opt out, we lose them. And I opt out and I opt out not to have a private room. You can do this to me in public so people can watch. And he takes a really interesting point that I've noticed. So the way this works is you stand in front of the machine and the guy says go through and you say opt out. And I've been told, it's never happened to me, that sometimes they ask you why and try to convince you to do it. They would never do that to me. They just say, okay. And they go in the little microphone and say opt out mail. And then some guy comes and pats me down. And he's right. They don't send me through the metal detector. They take me around both machines, the full body scan of the metal detector and do a manual pat down, which for any of you in law enforcement knows is kind of a joke. Because any pat down that is not personally embarrassing is actually not very effective. And I have asked TSA people and not gotten a good answer. Why when someone opts out you don't send them through the metal detector and then pat them down. The metal detector is right there. It's being used. They're shutting people to A or B. And I don't have a good answer. And I think that that does make you a lot less safe because it's really easy to send something through a pat down. I mean, so the pass off scenario I think is going to be less likely. I mean, you got to rely on, you know, getting lucky and things moving at the right speed. And if you get it wrong now you've got the thing in your hand and that's kind of awkward. But in general, I kind of think these measures are in the noise. You know, I think you always see it. We had a newspaper story this week about some 13 year old who got on a plane without a passport and without going through security and like Scotland or something. You know, those things don't really bother me because you can't build a plot around them because they're not reliable. I mean, right now we know that, I mean, we don't know the numbers, the TSA doesn't report them, but some percentage of guns get through airport security. Right? They run tests and airport security fails to catch some percentage of guns and some large percentage of knives. Right? In a sense that's okay because you can't build a plot.  Right? If the TSA agent catches you with a gun he's going to call the FBI and at the very least he's going to ruin your day. If the TSA agent catches you with a bottle of water he tosses it in a trash and you go right through. What that means, even a reasonably good percentage of gun detection is enough to foil a gun plot but anything less than a hundred percent perfect water detection system is useless because you can keep trying until you get in. There's no penalty for failure. In the water case as opposed to the gun case. Right? So I definitely agree with you that that's a very weird TSA procedure about not setting you through the metal detector when you opt for a pat down. But I'm not that concerned about it because of sort of the dynamics of the whole system. Hope I answered that question. That's actually an interesting one. Hi. Austin Holt. We met earlier. Hey. I get earlier here. I don't know if you were in the audience. We were going to do like no talks but just pictures. But that doesn't scale as well as this does. I've got a question about application security. So when we have commercial software or any type of product I think it's important not to blindly trust the developer's claims that it works the way it's intended. They claim it to work for access control any of the security functionality. Current way that that's being done internationally is there's security evaluations that can be done on the software. The common criteria is the current international standard. OWASP has the application security verification standard. My specific question is more about the international standard that's used today. Common criteria between countries. Do you have any recommendations on how to improve the current system and make it better? I don't know. What are your thoughts? I think it's becoming worse. I think you said something very wrong in the beginning. You said that we're taught not to trust things and not trust manufacturers claims. We're stuck doing that. We actually have no choice but to trust manufacturers claims. When I started doing cryptography I had some vision that we as a community or as individuals would analyze code ourselves and make sure it works. I've never done that. Ever. You know sometimes it's claims of a trust but I trust more. I mean I know the people who wrote PGP and I tend to trust it more. But generally operating systems code even security code we are always we have no choice but to trust claims of vendors of writers. I mean I write something called password safe. I mean I used to write it now it's now it's being written by Rory Shapiro hacker in Israel. I'm trusting him. You're trusting him. You're trusting me. We're all trusting each other. As soon as society gets specialized at a very real level we have no choice but to trust each other. It's what my latest books about. You know I'm gonna drink that bottle of water and I'm gonna trust that it's not poisoned. Even though it's been opened. But I'm gonna do it. And it's getting worse right in the beginning we built like the way beginning we built our own hardware. Then we bought hardware and wrote our own software. Then we bought software and wrote our own applications on top of it. Then we bought applications. Right now we're in the cloud. We didn't actually own anything. We're trusting at such a huge level. My Gmail. Anyone have any freaking clue what operating system Facebook uses? Anybody care? Right we have to trust it. So one of the ways we trust things are through these standards. And the thought is that there are some independent verification or auditing. And so common criteria is a standard. There are ISO standards. There are NIST cryptography standards. Right you know and we look at a product or service and it has a bunch of buzz words and we say oh those are good ones and you know in a sense they're all sort of equally mediocre. Because all the standards ever do is secure the system against a known list of attacks. Right yes it does this yes it does that. You can never have a standard of is it secure. You can have a standard of is it not insecure in this particular way. Right but when you look at a new attacks new ways of thinking new and new threat models. So you know I like standards but I don't get too wrapped up in which one. Because what a standard does is it forces the vendor to have someone else pay attention. And that's generally good. So you know I don't know if it matters that much. I'd like a better answer. I mean this is actually a truly hard problem. You know I mean but this is this is this is you know computer science. We can't even prove programs terminate. Right let alone are they secure. I mean all we can say is and this isn't bad. Right I can't break it and all those other smart people can't either. And they've tried for a month. But we don't know what happens if they try for two months. Now you all know this. This is this is what hacking is about. And this is why a new person can go to an old problem and look at it in a new way and and and figure out a way in. Thank you. Hi Bruce my name is Pete. I have a couple of TSA related questions. First one is it seems to me that forever the U.S. Congress has routinely exempted themselves from all the crap they pass on to us. Taxes insider trading health care or whatever. But in this case they're being subjected to the TSA pat downs. There's a lot of YouTube and other traffic about very bad scenarios with congressmen. And I'm wondering is that indicative that there's a new gang taking over or something. You know it's interesting. I mean pilots had this issue too. And some very Patrick Smith who writes the ask the pilot column was very vocal about why use screening pilots when they're controlling the airplanes aren't you not thinking this through. And I argue that actually he's not thinking it's true because the issue isn't screening pilots. The issue is screening people who have pilot IDs. So either I have two choices right. I either build an entire subsystem on pilot ID verification or I just freaking screen everybody. And I think the same kind of dynamic is working with with with congress I'm sure you know Obama doesn't get screened isn't fly commercial. The that it's just building in the exceptions was such a big thing and they and they did airport security so fast. You know if this becomes institutionalized then you'll see you know fast lane right now we have the TSA pre-check program. I'm sure all of congress is in pre-check. Right you know so those sorts of bypassing the line systems only happen after something comes institutionalized. When it first showed up it was we need to do this quickly. So you didn't have that. But you know it's an interesting point because you're right they do exempt themselves you know and maybe it is that screening is just so quick. It's not like you know taxes which really you know matter it's some financial level the way you know pat-downs don't. Thank you the other question is. You don't get two envelopes you know. Oh I'm sorry. Hey my name is Andrew I had a couple questions related to that age group of kids. I think we learned to get one of them. And well I've got a 10 and a 14 year old and my brief story is you know I sat down at my son's computer in the kitchen to you know check some news websites and his Skype logs open and I see the message don't run this file Josh.  When I got home I thought it was a bad idea so wanted to tell you don't run this file. So based on your research for Beyond Fear and your new book too and you know about self-regulating groups and how they you know self-enforce and things like that I wondered if you'd comment on you know how that age group learns to be responsible with technology and things like that.  So I to me young people have a much more intuitive grasp of the internet of security of the way things work in ways that we don't and ways that scare us maybe think about you know the I don't know the I don't know the rock and roll the generation gap me what are the old people say what was the big problems right it was you know drugs and sex and and and no women forgetting their place and you know death of marriage they kind of pretty much nailed it and that's actually what actually ended up being pretty good so the young people tend to be right the really good person or anyone has kids especially teenagers the ethnographer Dana Boyd I truly recommend reading her stuff she has a blog she's written papers and a number of her speeches are online about how young people use the internet and about how they I mean a lot of I'm looking at this audience and you know a lot of you guys know this but your parents don't and I think it really is it's got to go the other way I mean I'm gonna go to a lot of computer security conferences where you know a bunch of industry people talk about how young people don't understand privacy I mean do you forget young people care a lot about privacy right from their parents from their peers privacy is a huge deal when you're 16 I mean people are still people but the into the intuitions are different because and Richard theme talked about this an hour ago people are at his talk right the the the technology at which you come of age is a technology you find normal and the technology you're good at this whole nonsense about trial predators kids know who are who who adults are who tend to be kids they're not fooled it's the congressman who are fooled please my question is how do we secure those internet-based applications where authentication is critical and what are your thoughts on cloud computing well you know I mean the two answers right is one is we don't and one is we we do I mean we right we largely do right you know internet banking works pretty much okay right it's not perfect there are problems but we know we're good at authenticating things where it does matter right gaming works pretty much okay right if any of you work for big companies you probably have some kind of secure access token that works pretty much okay you know there's no magic bullet lots of ways we can do it better we're always fighting usability right nobody wants to put their thumb on a device nobody wants to learn to play guitar hero if people follow that new story from last week of implicit passwords I mean you know people just want to do their thing and it's getting worse and cloud computing is a really good example of this right instead of my my my data on my device my data is out there somewhere but this is the future you know people who are you know you're talking about young people again they are used to getting their content on the closest available screen right that's their house at school at their friend's house right that's the way it's supposed to work right people like it when they lose their iPhone they get a new one push a button and all their stuff magically appears on it and again if you start interviewing teenagers they kind of don't really understand where their computer ends and that begins because that boundary doesn't actually matter anymore it's disappeared and I think one of the actually I'll launch into this a little bit I think one of the fundamental things going on in computing right now is this loss of control right that we are losing control over the end points right I have no say in whether this updates are not basically I have a Kindle it's even worse right so I mean I can't even write a file erasure program for this thing because I can't get to the memory right so we're losing control of our of our end points and we're losing control of our data you know I run you Dora but I'm a freak right everyone else is on Gmail right their mail is on Google servers so suddenly my authentication which was I put this in my pocket right and I'm the one who's touching it basically so I can get by with just a password because the password plus the fact that I'm not gonna lose it or it's in my locked house now becomes just a password so you need more authentication we're not getting it because usability people don't want it and they're gonna be a bunch of issues here and the loss controls a big deal other ways right it's being used third parties are getting access to it for advertising for marketing law enforcement it goes across borders and then suddenly the NSA gets it and it's in a computer in Utah I mean all these things are happening because giving up control is such a powerful consumer thing I mean people want that my mother does not want her photos on our computer she'll screw it up she wants Flickr to have them when her computer crashes the photos are saved it's a Christmas miracle and I and this is unfortunately and I think it's unfortunate this is gonna be a much harder future to secure because security is about control and I talked about trust now we have to trust all these entities and you have no business relationship try calling Google customer service actually Google has great customer service the problem is you're not customers might become a Google customer an advertiser and they have customer service all over the place so we were seeing these these non business relationships this loss of control all of which force more authentication but you have the the back push of users not wanting it now I can you know we've made some progress right the most common password is now password one instead of password but that took a decade which means you know in 10 years of password one two three four where the a is an at sign because we're all speaking leet now right this is this stuff's hard please good morning Bruce um yesterday general Alexander gave a presentation as far as building a better relationship between the hacker community and government agencies such as the NSA I assume he didn't buy any of that right well he felt largely he failed to address a lot of the issues with trust which as you know is a huge factor as far as building these relationships how do you see the relationship between between agencies such as the NSA and hacker community community developing the next 10 I don't know but it seems more like they lied to us and we more we and we buy it I'm not impressed I didn't go but someone said there's an NSA recruiting booth in the in the dealers area actually the enigmas cool go see it I have the but someone told me actually Richard team told me this that they have a list of attributes of the NSA on their signage and one of them is transparency right me clearly we're inventing new meanings for words here and too much of Alexander's talk was like that uh you know the NSA needs hackers I mean the NSA were the original and the original modern hackers so they are going to be you know a still a one way conduit for information I mean they want everything we can do they will give us nothing they can do but you know this community is turning more and more legit this is not the deaf kind of 15 years ago it's really not and so now I mean you have a place where the you know instead of spot the Fed the Fed now puts a sign up we are the Fed come visit us right and so so like the cryptography community there is this this information exchange that works one way in the 1990s the NSA started coming to crypto and Euro Crypt Brian Snow was the first one to come and he wear a badge and said NSA other people common they'd have a badge and say DoD or you know Fort Meade Maryland or you know they would they would you know obscure who they were they'd sit in the back and never ask questions and presumably right I mean they learned a lot from the academic community but they never gave a paper they never presented anything so and that's relationship now because now the NSA realizes is that so much of intelligence gathering is not crypto related right that it's computer security it's network security it's hacking it's physical so you're going to have this back and forth with no fourth and that is the way it will be I mean you know we're not going to ban them from coming because I think that's that's wrong too and you know they can always pretend they're from someplace else but you know a lot more people here are legit than were 15 years ago so I'll bet the NSA recruiting booth you know is pretty popular and it's often sometimes they have cool swag actually so you know it might be worth seeing what they got you probably can't take the enigma machine unless you're really fast and get a distractor or maybe three of them so we should talk later that works all right thanks Bruce uh this builds on the a couple of questions ago um with the yahoo hacks and and you know the the hack of the week whatever uh that releases passwords and stuff we like you said the the passwords aren't getting that much better um and I see when I try to talk to my not less technical friends and relatives that convincing them to you know do things like use different passwords on different sites and use more complex passwords and not click on that link from you know the guy who swears he's your buddy uh that that it just becomes so complicated for non-technical users that they just kind of give up and don't care about any of it do you have any suggestions or ideas on how to make that so I think this is a failure on our part I mean there's a whole lot of it in our industry blaming the user right the user chose a bad password he deserved to get it I think we in the community are failing because we are expecting the users to choose good passwords and they can't for all the all the reasons you talked about right they're not going to and I think it's our job insecurity to make security systems that work with actual users that educating the users a mistake I mean think of automobiles right the first automobile was sold with a repair manual and a toolkit but automobiles didn't really take off until you know my grandparents could buy one right or in computers until my mother got a computer my mother is never going to do anything right the only reason antivirus on our machine is I put it there but that antivirus has to work magically without her knowing about it I even I want to actually upstream in our ISP why in the world does she get malware and spam should be blocked at the ISP you know so I want us to build better security systems anyway or you know and Microsoft's actually has some really good work now being done on on security dialogues you know scary dialogues the dog comes up and says you know if you're a normal person it says complicated technical gibberish make this button go away yes no right that is a security warning to an average person and whenever we do that we are failing right unless we truly believe the user has a piece of information in order to decide which button to push and we tell them and Microsoft has a really good work on this where they're trying to use dialogues here's a situation here's what you know that we don't here's why it matters and here's what you should push depending on what information you know that's a good dialogue box instead of you know I'm the programmer I have no idea what you should do I I'm gonna I'm gonna give up and make the user decide because then it's not my fault right so so we do we need to get better we need to get better at at psychology of security need to get better at user interface need to get better at automatic security I mean spam is a really good success story you know anti-spam happens at the ISP largely and I don't get any spam anymore really I get them get almost nothing I mean and spam's an enormous amount of internet traffic but it just works magically my mother doesn't get spam and it's nothing she did right that's good that's what we want the more we can do that the better we'll do morning so I think one of the things that I find very useful about your writing is analogies bridging the non-technical and and technical worlds I like doing that so well one thing that I wanted to ask about was BYOD and specifically you know mobile device security as you can see there's many talks around mobile security here what are some useful analogies I can use to get across some of the risks to my senior management you know be you and I think BYD is again this trend of loss of control my be why I mean if people know this buzzword it basically means your employer doesn't no longer give you a computer and says here's a thousand dollars by a computer and you know why because you've already got a computer you've already got a cell phone you don't actually want the corporate stuff it's more to carry and it just annoys you right but then once that happens you get the loss of control so so this is I think this is an important trend this is a trend that is going to reduce security trend that's not going away because getting out of the provisioning business I think is is is valuable to companies and they actually want to give their employees cell phones and and you know analogies really think of it as loss of control you know because now as an employer I no longer control that end point it's very similar to home banking customers in some ways because you can imagine that banks could give each one of their customers an iPad you must bank through this and I can and I control it and I set the patch levels and you can't do anything else on it so I can make it secure but instead I say you know go to your browser and log in from anywhere right but that's and that and banking works that way more and more of corporates IT is going to look like that it's going to look like Facebook right it's going to look like you'll log into us this site and and the way that works I mean why banking works is you get a very very limited number of things you can do but you don't log into your banking website and get a command line that'd be cool right you get a bunch of options same thing with Facebook same thing you know with all of these sites so I think we're going to see more of that less free form which is okay because most people don't need free form they want to do certain things right they're going on they're going to court website to fill out forms to get some stuff to read to share documents to send and receive messages so think of it more as a social networking site and that's what I think the effect of BYOD right I mean I think I'm gonna do quicker answers now because I'm running out of time and no one asked me about uh SHA-3 what's wrong with you people Hi this question is about your book Liars and Outliers and with a reference to the previous panel which was talking about philosophy, history and politics which I'm thinking might be a trend now here that we're going to get into other things so it says in your flyer that you quote Thoreau and Socrates and uh as a former graduate student of philosophy uh and being familiar with the plate as republic one of the diet tribes in the republic is about people that are experts in other fields thinking they can do philosophy so I was wondering if you could expound or whether you think it's appropriate don't shoot the messenger for hackers to become uh lead leader thought leaders in other fields yeah hacking is not a domain hacking is a mindset 100 percent yes hacking is a way of thinking hacking is a way of looking at the world you know we tend to be hackers in computer science we could just easy be hackers in biology right we could be hackers in model trains which original hackers were so yes simply because hacking is a way of hacking actually is a philosophy and you know then there's some things where which can leech in other domains law is like that because law is a way of looking at the world so lawyers often write about very different topics you get law professors and read law journals running at all sorts of things because it's an economist also it's a way of looking at the world so in in that we can bring our mindset to other problem spaces I think it's valuable what I try to do in my latest book is to go the other way right to say here is what philosophy and sociology and psychology have to teach us in computer security right I'm not trying to go there and tell them their stuff I'm trying to go there and say what do you got that's useful for me in my field and that was a really interesting thing to do I had a lot of fun writing this book because I'm trying to you know what because security is fundamentally about people it's about technology only a little bit it's really about people and lots of disciplines try in their own way to understand people they do it differently I started a workshop four years ago it's called the workshop in security whom behavior the day was to bring all these different disciplines together who work on the same sorts of problems from very different perspectives have been talked to each other and that was way cool interesting thanks good answer thanks dodge that one morning Bruce um my question to you is uh with the advent of social media um and uh how people are blogging and on twitter there seems to be a large percentage of people who have this sense of uh futility and fatigue when working in the security industry now I was wondering if uh you felt that that contributed at all to actually solving some of the bigger challenges in the security industry you know I actually worry about fatigue also because it's so freaking hard especially when you're fighting you know uh fighting for privacy fighting for security there's so many forces are ready against it I mean these days I worry less about the criminals and more about the legitimate forms right I mean the corporations the governments who are using political and economic systems to force technological changes to make us less safe and and it is really easy to get discouraged and you know I have no good answer for that I mean we know we in sometimes the best we can do is lose slower and there's there's a quote that that is sort of always stuck with me uh by Martin Luther King Jr who said once that the arc of history is long but it bends towards justice I mean what he's saying is that in the short term we can lose and lose big right but a hundred years ago you know half of us in this room couldn't vote right two hundred years ago a bunch of us were slaves right that history does get that we do improve even though you we hit you know some local minimums that look pretty bad so I mean that's that's the advice I have for not losing heart it's easy I mean luckily they know more and more of us come up right and do things so so people get tired can can can sort of sit back but I've been feeling I've been right in the same essays for 20 years sometimes I mean CNN asked me to write about the Aurora shooting what am I going to say I flip back I wrote a long essay about the uh the Fort Hood shooting I said basically the same things about uh whatever university shooting that was Virginia Tech right you know so I mean I can re I can take the same essay quote I quote Virginia Tech and write Aurora movie theater it's just as relevant but I feel like I've said it already right how do you give the problems don't change right we're still fighting the same battles and it seems like we have to win every time and the better guys only have to win once so no this is hard I mean I mean can't you ask an upbeat question Gadsu sorry Bruce so I have to end soon okay you like so two minutes so okay yes or no questions go okay I will phrase it as yes or no question first I was going to ask you about what political hack we're missing but since you said the solution is lose slower I've got the answer um with regard to software it seems that uh Chrome for example auto updates and that it's been a very good thing for computer security in general um I think a lot of people in this room probably opposed to software automatically updating and a lot of users are opposed to it because historically it broke functionality so my question is at this point in time have we reached the point where effectively all software should update automatically based on a trust relationship yes hang on hang on okay how many envelopes do you have left no no don't count I'm just just just take them and go back along the line and hand them out in order because I'm sorry so so a couple of things will happen now I have here so I should couple this I'm I'm now going to a book signing this isn't my book it's it's available at the book store and I'll be going there and doing a signing I have this which is the book flyer it's kind of the thin version of the book uh it doesn't have as many words but on the plus side it's free and I have piles there and there so if you feel free to grab one those of you have cards this is the galley of the book now the one galley is before the book is published the publisher uh prints these and gives them to book reviewers basically so those of you with cards if you come here I will give you a galley uh the galley has more typos than the real book so you gotta sort of accept that and I in return I ask that you mention blog tweet anything something that that you read the book I really appreciate that so that's the plan for now I'm going to go right here where this box is and then I will go to the book so I think I should stop at the Q&A area first and say hi so I'll do that so I'll do that for like 15 minutes then I'll go to the book signing and then the rest of our day will continue and we'll all have fun thank you for coming thanks for coming Defcon


Hey there friends, thanks for checking in and welcome to another video in my series called one handgun one shotgun and one rifle The handgun that I'm featuring today is a Magnum Research Baby Desert Eagle 3 this one's in 45 ACP It has a 3.85 inch barrel magazine that holds 10 rounds and a slide mounted decocker thumb safety It's called a tear drop decocker renders the trigger useless and decocks the gun three dot sights And on all steel models, so it is heavy. Let's see how it does And there it is. I've owned it for a little while. It's a it's a nice gun It's got a great single action trigger. These are modeled after the CZs But if you hold them side by side, you'll see that they're a bit different now. Let's get to that shotgun The shotgun that I'm featuring isn't a shotgun at all It's a 410 shot load and it's the Henry lever action axe new release from Henry I've been featuring it on the channel. I've really enjoyed it. It's got a 15.1 inch barrel Beated front sight lever action with a pretty wide loop there hammer fired gun with a transfer bar safety the top of the receiver is drilled and tapped for an optic for those who want that and beautiful American walnut furniture Let's check it out Very light recoil with the 410 This is Remington triple-aut buckshot And you can see that the forehand hardly moves when firing just a nice All-around firearm So I'm cheating a little bit calling it a shotgun But it's a firearm that shoots 410 now. Let's get to that rifle The rifle that I'm featuring today is not actually a rifle.  It's shortest configuration. It's 23.8 inches, but it has a CMMG rip brace. It's called the micro CQB rip brace And what's cool about this is you can rip it out and preset it to your favorite position for quick and Easy shooting. It's got an 8-inch barrel aluminum M lock handguard def camp 3 Standard lower single stage trigger and the optic that I have here is a Burris AR 332 3 power by 32 lens. I Don't have any target set up. I'm just gonna shoot into the berm so I'll keep the Camera set up here. The single point sling is a grove tech which is very nice and very comfortable I really like growth tech products. Let's check it out There it is the Banshee. I love the Banshee series and CMMG is producing additional uppers chambered in different calibers that makes this very versatile Thanks for watching another video in my series one handgun one shotgun and one rifle if you like videos like this Please subscribe and share. I always appreciate thumbs up button. Thanks for watching and you guys be safe


I'm very excited and I just want to get out there and hopefully we get a result and I hope I can have a good game and my personal performance. I hope it's a good one. I'm going to work hard and hopefully I can get a goal as well. I had some good training. I've been working hard so hopefully I can show it on the field when I play on Wednesday. I've got some confidence going in. I'm just going to work hard. Hopefully the team plays well as well and my focus is to score the goals for the team to win and hopefully I can do that this week. I've been training well. We had a good programme for myself and I feel good. I feel well, ready to go. Have the boys told you much about what you do to expect from the travel of playing in these games in the Champions League? I don't know if I'm the travel from Aversaise in Europe sort of thing. I'm used to it. It's not something I'm not used to so I should be okay.


Hello, welcome to the final segment of the application of the thermodynamics. So far, we have discussed the basic properties of thermodynamics, the first, second, and third law of thermodynamics. We have discussed the important parameters enthalpy and entropy and free energies. And then we jumped into the application of it, where we have discussed the Gibbs free energy and its connection to the electrochemical potential. Then we have discussed the equilibria during an acid base and a solubility. And now in the final part, we will discuss about the corrosion. So, let us take a look into it. So, generally the metals present on earth, we generally found in the form of metal ores. We rarely found metals already present in their metal forms in zero oxidation state. Generally, they present in the metal ores, where they are in their oxidized forms. Whereas in the metal, they generally present in their zero oxidation state. Now, if we want to use a particular metal for a particular application, generally we want to have it in the metal form so that we can mold it as per our need to form different kind of compounds. And that is why one particular reaction always come into the picture, where we take the metal ores and produce metals. And over there, because it is from oxidized state, I want to come to the zero oxidation state, I have to do nothing but a reduction. And this process is actually widely known, if we do that in the industrial scale as metal extraction, which is nothing but a part of the metallurgy. And we can discuss about more details of this metal extraction from its oxidized ores to the low oxidation state metal forms in the form of Ellingham diagram. And that part will be discussed in a different segment. So, that is the reduction part. Now, what happens if I keep the metal present in the atmosphere? Is it going to stabilize it in its zero oxidation state? Most of the time not. They actually react with the atmosphere and come back it get oxidation. It oxidize back to its original ores state. And this is actually known as corrosion. And in the oxidized state in the metal ores, they are nothing but we can say metal salts or metal oxides, where they have oxides, they have sulfides, they have sulfates, they have carbonate. To name few of the anions that actually binds with the metal and stabilize it in its oxidation state, higher oxidation state. And this metal corrosion generally is spontaneous process. So, that is why corrosion occurs on its own in the presence of the atmosphere. Now, we will go and take a look into it, why we should care about corrosion and try to understand a little bit on the details of this corrosion process. So, as we just discussed corrosion can be defined as a spontaneous chemical process. We are saying it is a chemical process because there is a change in the chemical form is actually involved here with this oxidation state of the metal is changing. So, it is a spontaneous chemical process between a metal or in its alloy, where the metal is still present in its metallic form even in the alloys and its surrounding environment. So, this process is known as the corrosion. So, what is an example of corrosion? So, one most common example is if we take something made out of iron in solid form and once it is exposed to ideal oxygen and water molecule present around in the form of humidity, it produces the iron oxide pound with water and this is known as the rust. So, rusting is nothing but a corrosion process. So, why do we care about corrosion? Because corrosion is a very destructive process. So, corrosion the effects are it is a destructive process. So, it actually destroys the metal surface and metals are actually used in a lot of constructive works all around the world. So, if the metal surface is destroying and it will affect this overall structure, we are going to see a collapse in the overall structure. So, that is going to weaken all the metal present in all the infrastructure we are using and that can have a huge effect on the long term durability of the buildings or all the other constructive materials. So, that is why we need to understand the corrosion and try to prevent it if possible. Secondly, the metals have a particular property in its metallic form a zero oxygen state. Once it gets oxidized, there is a change in mechanical or chemical properties during this corrosion and this change in the mechanical or chemical property is going to affect the overall activity of the metal. Previously, when the metal is present in its original form or in the form of alloy and once it gets oxidized, it may not show the same property again and that is going to affect the applicability of that particular system. Third, as we just discussed the surface properties changes once the corrosion is actually started occurring and that is going to affect the flow of fluid through that system. So, a lot of metal systems are used as pipes where we actually use for the flow of water, flow of gases, flow of different petrochemical products and that flow of that particular fluid is very much dependent what is present on the surface of these pipelines and if they are getting rusted their properties are changing that flow is going to get affected and there is a possibility of different accidents may happen. So, in industrial scale this y corrosion is actually a huge problem and last but not the least during the change of this oxidation state there is a possibility of contamination during the change in the oxidation state when the metal get oxidized it can leach out into the pipelines into the fluids that is actually flowing through that and as human beings or other animals and biosphere is constantly connected to that the whole biosphere is exposed to that contamination and if it is actually toxic metal then it is very bad. For example, this lead poisoning happened because of this lead pipe is leaching some lead into the water. So, all these problems are actually showing us that the corrosion is a phenomena that is going to occur anyways but we need to know how to control it and how to prevent it and nowadays I am just giving an idea how corrosion is important 30 to 40 percent iron and steel that we are manufacturing today it is actually used for replacing the existing infrastructure. So, now you can have an idea that the overall iron and steel that we are using how prone they are for this particular corrosion and because we cannot go without iron and steel we are going to replace it and almost half of it a little less than half of it it is actually replacing work all the time. So, it is showing the influence and the long-term effect of corrosion in real life. So, now take a look how the corrosion actually occurs. So, the corrosion actually occurs in two different ways. The first is known as the dry corrosion. So, I am taking the example of attack by oxygen. So, oxygen is present in nature in the air almost 21 percent is a strong oxidizing agent and it will like to oxidize a metal present in its low oxidation state. So, what happens say metal is there present it is actually getting oxidized and it is giving electrons. So, from a solid metal it in giving me ions and once it is getting to iron that means there is a change in the overall structure you started corrosion and how the reaction is supported the reaction is supported by the oxygen. So, the oxygen takes those electrons evolve from the oxidation and act as a sink for them and produce the oxide ion and this oxide ions are actually going to play together and if we draw these reactions together what I am going to get is the following and these two can come together and form the metal oxide and that is why a from a solid metal I am going to get a metal oxide and this reaction is favored due to the delta G negative value of this reaction because this oxidation process and that is why this full process is a spontaneous process because delta G is negative for this particular reaction and this is happening in the dry condition in absence of even any liquid or water present there directly the aerial oxygen can attack a metal and do that and not only oxygen present in air can do that. There is also some other strong oxidizing agent like chlorine, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxide and even hydrogen sulphide can also play a role and affect or trigger the corrosion of a metal and these gases are always present in atmosphere and especially in the industrial scale near to the industry we are producing a huge amount of this particular gases especially the sulphur and nitrogen oxides and those are actually acting as an oxidizing agent to degrade the quality of the metal to initiate the corrosion process. So, that is what is actually happening during the dry corrosion there is another process also happens at the same time which is known as the wet corrosion in the wet corrosion process as it is quite obvious from its name now the liquid or water actually has to play a big role. So, now say I have a iron container and this iron container actually creates two different phases in one particular part the iron started getting oxidized and on the other part the oxygen is taking the help of the electrons coming out of the system in the presence of water and creates hydroxide ions. So, over here what is actually happening if you remember the electrochemical cell it is quite similar to that over here iron is actually getting oxidized.  So, this part of this vessel is acting as an anode whereas oxygen is coming on this side and producing OH minus. So, which is nothing but a cathodic reaction or reduction of it oxygen is getting reduced and this is nothing but you can say the cathode section of the system. So, it is nothing but creating an electrochemical cell and over there the vessel itself carries the electron through from one side of the anode to the other side to the cathode and this reaction happens way too fast because it is nothing but creating actually a galvanic cell basically and over there the delta G is negative. So, the thermodynamics support it and all together we are going to see this following reaction. So, iron 2 plus is actually reacting with 4 OH minus that is created during this reaction and going to form iron hydroxide where iron is in plus 2 oxygen state. Now iron in plus 2 oxygen state when it is forming hydroxide it is very much vulnerable for further oxidation and in presence of water it creates nothing but rust and this process is very spontaneous, very much visible and happening all the time with iron bound system all around the world. One of the prime example of that is the ship corrosion in the large ship or vessels the most of the ship outside interior is designed with iron and when it is exposed to water when it is hitting the sea it is exposed to water and paper and humidity it is reacting with the ideal oxygen and in the presence of high salt concentration which actually makes sure this electron transfer happen way too fast it is creating this wet corrosion very fast and that actually start corroding the outside of the ship. So, unless we put a protective layer on the outside it is going to corrode the sea in no time. So, that is why you can see any iron system present very near to a water body gets corroded very easily and produce rust that is because this process is thermodynamically very favorable system and that is what is happening and if we want to compare between wet corrosion and dry corrosion wet corrosion is a much more common process. So, we can say it is more prevalent compared to the compared to the dry corrosion process. So, that is the part we will stop over here as a final example of the application of the thermodynamics. Thank you.


Lark Bark, I read Don't Sensor Tube.  What's up Chico Salutations Lark Bark? I'm sure you're familiar with the news with the Gonzalo Lira. Yeah, on that note gang gang gang Gonzalo Lira Gonzalo Lira Rest in Peace Okay It's something we talked about When it was making his podcast and we mentioned that he shouldn't be there but I think what happened with the Gonzalo was First of all, he wanted to be there for his family for his kids So he stayed in Ukraine and I think he was He thought because he was Chilean American citizen American citizen, right? he assumed that The United States would protect them if the shit really hit the fan It must be clear by now that the United States the Western governments don't give a rat's ass about their citizens about us, right?  We don't mean anything to them So Gonzalo Lira, we followed his work on our channel a lot. We talked about what he did Especially the stuff he was doing with the Doran. I used to watch every little Everything that he was putting up Gonzalo Lira actually I got introduced to it through the Doran Didn't agree with everything he said but huge respect to him He he did what he did because he wanted to do what he wanted to do and he couldn't stay silent as And if humanity most of humanity especially in the Western world if we were around atrocities and we realized that our silence is The means the reason why these monsters that rule over us are able to do what it is that we're doing That they're doing then maybe all this war and death and carnage wouldn't happen. So huge respect to Gonzalo I'm gonna Pour myself just this a little bit of Armenian apricot brandy. Okay, it's just a little bit Usually don't drink this we just do in a special occasion and this is a special occasion Okay, so if you have a drink if you don't doesn't matter gang Salute to Gonzalo Warriors come in all different types shapes sizes and he was a warrior Okay Warrior for humanity respect must be shown. Salute to Gonzalo and his family. Okay May he rest in peace


The Jack Benny's home in Beverly Hills where we find Rochester very busy addressing Christmas cars Just about ten more and I'll be through addressing mr. Benny's Christmas cars Now let's see mr. And Mrs. Bing Crosby and family mr. And Mrs. Eddie Canada and family Man, he sure killed a bunch of birds with those two stones Pretty nice cars the bosses sent out this year and he sure knows how to economize on them Just look at that Christmas greetings 1944 the 1950s Got all the cards addressed dog gone. I wish the boys would buy stamps I feel so conspicuous putting on that gray uniform and going from door to door Watching those cars wonder what the boss is gonna get me for a present hurting stay was going shopping this afternoon So better start dropping a few hints. No, he's immune to hints. I better lay it right on it You're all through with the car there, right? Yes, sir jingle bells jingle bells jingle all the way I'm happy today. What happened? Oh, no, I've just been thinking how lucky I am to be working for a man like you Yeah, now you take my friend Sam. He works for one of the stentiest men in the world Why last year for Christmas all he gave Sam was three little handkerchiefs. Well, Rochester I don't think that's such a bad. I'll never forget Christmas day Down on Central Avenue, everyone was showing off their new wristwatches and gold cigarette cases There was Sam with those three little handkerchiefs Oh, that's a shame. Yeah It really embarrassed for Sam when people ask him what his boss gave him for Christmas and he had to pull out those three little handkerchiefs How can a man be that cheap? Oh Rochester, you don't understand the spirit of Christmas the important thing is the fact that you're remembered the gift itself is nothing I know that's the kind of propaganda. I'm trying to overcome Oh Say I better hurry up. I want to get my shopping done. I've got to pick up Miss Livingston first Rochester while I'm dressing turn on the radio. Will you okay boy?  Remember folks in but they spelled backwards is your tappamas That's pretty good stuff. Did you ever use any of that simp at the soothing syrup? Oh When the simp of a soothing syrup quartet will sing dance with the dolly Accompanied by Snoochie gets and the sweetest music this side of the La Brea tarp is New G get we've got a good band right there. See I just have time to listen to this and I'm gonna walk over to Mary's house Little doggy That's my own fall try to be nice to people Oh, hello Don You are yeah, I got that Christmas present you ordered for your sponsor. Oh the ash tray good good You haven't did you have it in grave like I told you to your jacket is on the side. See oh, yes to my sponsor mr Hill, I hope this ash tray you will fill and when you do just think of me And good ol LS MFT That stands for lucky strike an MFT means fine tobacco so season's greetings and the like to you and yours from little jackal Yes, by the way Jack, I hope you don't mind if it costs more than you expected I had a little music box installed in a music box. Yes I'll sponsor lovers see an ashtray with a music box as a swell idea. Let me hear it on okay Sweet George your phone Here's the drugstore. I think I'll go and try some of that sympathy soothing serum Seems to be good for everything and that's just what I've got Anyway, I've got a few minutes before I have to call for Mary What can I do for you sir, I like try a bottle of that sympathy soothing I Know Well, you know, this is rather an old-fashioned drug store old-fashioned. Yes, I wouldn't want this to get around but We still have some products in here that are spelled front where Yes Sympathy soothing sir. Oh the 10 cents I here you are. Would you mind give me a glass? I like try some of it right now. All right. I'll fix the correct. Don't worry I just bought one table spoon of this soothing syrup into this glass of water Now listen to it I'm saying sighs we give you a hip food Hello Frankie hi, Mrs. Sonatra fine say Jack don't forget you're gonna be on my program tomorrow night Oh sure, I won't forget see you tomorrow. Okay, so long.  That's the not to spell backwards is our tennis Sorry Jack Why did I have to ask him to come on my program his jokes will probably louse up my singing?  I better go over and pick up Mary That I don't don't feel it out the time sweet Pardon me, Mr.. Benny. Yes, what is it honey? Oh well all the girls in my class in high school are collecting autographs and How do you like that? I only spoke to Frankie and I got some of it on me She'll come out of it all right. Yes, Miss Livingston expect me Pauline. Oh, yes come right in mr.. Benny is Miss Livingston ready yet No, mr.. Benny. I was just helping us please into it She'll be putting on exact net Why are women always late? Oh, there you are. May how come you're never on time when we have an appointment? What are you talking about exactly three o'clock now? Look? I thought you were cuckoo. I mean late. Oh to pick me up ten minutes ago So you're the one that's late. Well, I would have been there sooner But first I gave a girl an autograph and when I got to the corner here I gave an autograph to a little boy. Oh for heaven's sake Jack. Why don't you stop chasing him? I didn't chase him Back a little boy said that he'd be very happy if he could have the autograph of an actor as famous as I Naturally, I couldn't refuse such a request. Well, natch But Mary when I find my name the boy said oh, pardon me, sir I mistook you for someone else another actor. Yeah Mary who is vitamin flint hard? Playing jack, but vitamin flint hard. It's the same to snowflake as you are to me Well, thank you. I think Anyway, come on Mary. We won't get any shopping done. All right. I've got my car parked in the driveway Oh, say Jack Larry Stevens was here a few minutes ago looking for you He wanted you to hear a new song. He was gonna do on the program. Oh get in the car Mary What is the name of Larry's song? It's called a sleigh ride in July and it's from a new picture Bella the Yukon Darn, I wish I'd heard is a good number for our show. Oh, it's beautiful Larry sang it for me. It goes like this Drive carefully Mary not so fast. Slow down. Watch out. There's a red light now. It's green Now it's red again. They wait there are three red lights. No, they're green Though the red but they're three green lights, too. Hey, there's a blue. Yeah, put on your glasses. That's a Christmas tree Oh, yes, Merry Christmas I'll take it easy anyway, Mary. Don't drive so fast. Look out Slow down. You're trying this car to work. Oh, I'm down. Don't be so nervous. I can't help it I'm always fighting when I'm with a woman driver woman driver woman driver That's all you men always say woman driver this and woman driver that Mary I'm getting sick and tired of we women can drive as well as you men any day and lots of my girlfriends are better drivers and their Husband Mary I read in a magazine.  You've been driving on the sidewalk Good if you've smashed your fenders broken your grill and busted your headlights. So what month will give me more money for it now Anyway, there's a store across the street. We can leave the car here. Jack. We can't leave the car here We'll get a ticket a ticket where would he tie it? Let's go somebody standing on it Hey, Mary, let's not get separate you you've got my Christmas list I got to buy something for Fred Allen and the quiz kids, you know, they lived at my house Mary What have I got marked down for Rochester Rochester? Yes three little hanker kids No, yeah, I better make that an even four I wonder where the perfume counter is I want to get a present for my sister Florence Walker, yeah, I beg your pardon. Are you the floor walker? Yes and stop breathing on my carnation. It's not as rugged as I They're hard to get you know, I've kept this one for three years for three years How comes it looks so fair because it's growing out of my chest Anything else you want to know nosy I'm looking for the perfume counter. Where is it? It's straight down this aisle on the left There it is Mary. Let's go over and see I beg your pardon, Mr No me yes, what do you think I ought to buy my wife for Christmas? Well, I don't know besides that's a personal thing between you and your wife You ought to figure that out yourself figured out myself He says I've been rackin my brains and rackin my brains and knock my head against the wall and do I know about my wife No, I'm sorry, mister I'll figure it out. I'll figure it out. You ask a guy a simple question. What did he tell you? Figure it out yourself. Figure it out yourself. That's fine Christmas spirit Come on, let's go to the perfume counter. All right, but you never get waited on the girl is so busy Well, I'll just reach over the counter and see what they have. Oh, no, you don't What I saw you trying to steal some perfumes. I wasn't stealing it. I just wanted to see but it was a luring at your age What difference does it take? I'm not trying to steal this perfume. I was only breathing on my car.  I'm wearing And furthermore, what can I do for you sir? I'd like to get some perfume. What would you recommend? Well, we have a very popular brand called friendship 68 cents a gallon 68 cents a gallon. What do you think Mary the same as you the price is right I Didn't mean that I was thinking about my sister and walkie and I wonder if she'd like this bottle of perfume I'll pull out the car.  What's in that bottle over there? That's a new friend's perfume that just came in it's called laundry to do a treasured II see maintenant That sounds nice. What do that mean in English? Condensation of steam that's been forced to a motorman's love That's ridiculous. Come on there. Let's go to another counter. Oh, I beg your pardon, mister What do you think I ought to buy my wife for Christmas? Look, I can't tell you what to buy your wife You'll have to figure it out yourself. Okay. Okay. I'll figure it out myself Nobody wants to help me fine Christmas spirit. You think it was my fault that I'm married People in the store and I'm the one he had a pick on there Jack I want to buy something for my mother ask the floor walker where the ladies department is I'm not gonna ask that guy anything. Yeah, we'll never find it in this crowd. You better ask him. Oh, all right Oh, mr. Floor Walker. Yeah, that's my little bifocal, Yoko Hey, Mrs. Floor Walker, would you please tell me where the ladies department is it's right down at the end of it? That's over to your left. Thank you Come here you come over here. I can I'm looking for the ladies department You're wasting your time Jackson. They're all out of your glasses. You're making a spectacle of yourself Sorry, come on. Let's get away from here. So we'll wind up in a routine. I beg your pardon, mister What do you think I ought to buy my wife? I don't know for heaven's sake.    We've been married for 12 years. What are you trying to do break us up? I don't know what you're picking on me for. I've never seen your wife. What's going on here? Look, he's wife. What is your one?  This man came over to the stock trouble. I'm a peaceful home lover


True Christians cannot go on sinning without sensing the grieving of the Holy Spirit. True Christians cannot persist in sin without intense conviction. When the Holy Spirit abides, He turns up the heat on the fire of conviction. So with the Holy Spirit in you, if you continue in sin, that fire of conviction is going to become so hot, you're going to say, Lord, I got to turn from this. That's a true Christian, by the way. That's why the psalmist wrote your hand weighed heavily upon me. My strength evaporated. Now let me rejoice. So that regret is good. Godly sorrow works repentance. We as believers are to live holy, to walk in repentance, to live according to the statutes of God. Sin must be dealt with.


Hi everyone, my name is Gabie Walrave and I am the career services officer for all students of Tilburg Law School. As your career services officer I am here to help you with your transition to the labour market so you can start with your career successfully. Know that I am your first point of contact if you have any questions about your future career and feel free to make an appointment with me. Today I would like to take you through the steps you can take to prepare yourself for a successful start of your career. Let me explain. From the moment you start your studies you can start preparing. Don't wait until you are about to graduate. Start at an early stage of your studies so that the choices you make within the study program match with your future goals. To kickstart your career we advise you to go through these four steps. 1. Self-reflection. 2. Orientation. 3. Preparation. 4. Application. First of all it is important that you know yourself very well. What qualities, interests and ambitions do you have to offer for your future employer? Important questions you need to ask yourself are, what are my strengths and weaknesses? What do I want to do in my future? And what am I passionate about? Our talent management workshop can help you to find these answers to these questions. The second step is to gain more insight into the possibilities of opportunities that exist on the labour market. Go investigate interesting organisations and make connections. Get an idea of what the job market has to offer to you by getting in touch with alumni, recruiters and interesting organisations. You can do this for example through LinkedIn, by visiting career events, for example Fit for the Future, or Tilburg University Career Week, or through the Mentor Program where you can get in touch with an alumnus. If you know what you want and what you are good at and what opportunities are best for you, make sure you position yourself as the perfect match. Step 3 is building a professional profile which is reflected in your CV, your LinkedIn profile, your motivation letter and the presentation of yourself in a job interview. During our consultation hour of job applications, you can have your CV or motivation letter reviewed and you will receive practical tips for further improvement. The last step is actually applying for a job. Make sure you leave a first good impression through a professional CV, a strong motivation letter and a good job interview. You only have one chance to make a good first impression, so be well prepared. Everything you need to follow in these four steps you can find on the Tilburg University Career Portal. It is your online access to everything you need to kickstart your future career. You can find interesting jobs, register for career events, look at company profiles and potential employers and get inspired by career related articles. Make an appointment with me or apply for the consultation hour for job interview. It can also be done by the Career Portal. So take a look at the Career Portal and take the first step to a successful start of your career. And if you need any help, I will be there for you.


House cleaners who hit rock bottom. Is that you or somebody that you know? Is it possible that you were at a phase of your business where you hit rock bottom and you were able to pull yourself out? I know I was and have been multiple times. Many of you know my story.  I've fired myself five times only to rehire myself when I got my head back on straight and I was thinking clearly again. And I say my head back on straight because in my head I have to be able to run a business before I can be successful. And when I felt like I was a failure and I hit rock bottom, I said this is not for me. Why am I doing this? And I got out of the business. Okay. I had rehired myself because of all of the things that the cleaning business has provided for me. And when I compared it with other avenues of my life, I figured out that's where I needed to be. All right. So what happens when you hit rock bottom? We talked about a lot of different opportunities on this show and different ways that you can avoid burnout and stress and ways that you can manage your business so that it runs smoothly based off of systems. But what happens if you just feel like you're going to throw in the towel, employees are quitting right and left, you have more money being spent than you have money coming in and all these chaotic things that happen as a business owner? I don't know if it was 25 or 35 years ago, but I remember at the time we didn't have search engines like we do today that were available just to search answers and you find the answer online and boom, you're good to go. I know that what happened for me was I would go to the public library and I found a book. It was a new book that had just come out called The Artist's Way. And The Artist's Way, if I remember correctly, because it's been about 25 or 30 years since I went through this process. But if I remember correctly, it was a program where you get up every single morning and you take a yellow legal pad and you take an ink pen and you start writing as fast as you can. And you cannot reread the information that you just wrote and you cannot judge it and you cannot edit it. The whole purpose is to get the thoughts out of your brain and onto paper. So at the time I was really discouraged. I was going through some really difficult times in my life and I didn't have solutions that I was looking for. I was trying to run a business. I was super stressed out. I was maxed out on my money, on my promises. I was at rock bottom. And so I had nothing to lose. When you have nothing to lose and you feel like you're at rock bottom, the only place to look is up, right? So I said, I got nothing to lose. There's nobody judging me.  I'm going to try this because I have nothing else to lose. So I sat down and I started writing and I wrote and wrote and wrote and I would write every single day. It became a habit that I did every single day. And for the first several weeks that I wrote, the ideas that came out of my head were all victimization thoughts. Why me? Why is this happening to me? Why are employees leaving my company? Why do I have so many bills? How come it's so expensive to grow a business? Why didn't people teach me this? Why did my parents do this? How come I was raised in a situation like this and I was blaming the entire world around me? And it's interesting when you blame the entire world around you because what you're doing is you're blocking the solutions that can come back to you. And so for days and days and days, I did what I call angry writing. I was angry on the inside. I was a victim. And so as I started writing, all this stuff was just spewing out onto paper. It was awful. But what happened was as I started spewing all this stuff, it got to a point where I kind of spewed it all out, okay? Nobody was listening. It was just on paper, but I was just puking these thoughts. And I was about three weeks in, when all of a sudden it hits me, did you just want to continue spewing or did you really want some answers? And I was like, wait a second, I really do want some answers. So I started writing questions. If I were going to change, what would that look like? If I was going to have more money, what would that look like? What would I have to do to get more money? What would I have to do to get more employees that would stay? What would I have to do to be a better manager that could manage the employees that would inspire them to stay? What could I do to inspire my customers so that there's not this constant churn of doing walkthroughs and evaluating customers' homes and then them firing us after a period of time? What do I have to do differently? And I started asking different questions. Now, what's really peculiar about this situation? Because we're not rereading, we're not judging, and we're not editing what we wrote. But what happens is by writing every day, there's something about the cognitive process of putting a thought from your head all the way through your hand and onto paper. And by doing that every single day, what happened is it started unlocking creativity in my head. As I was out cleaning during the day, I'm running these questions through my head. Instead of these broken tapes of negativity and why me and I'm the victim, I was running tapes through my head that were like, if I was going to be a better boss, what would that look like? And I shortly thereafter enrolled in an evening college class where I could learn about leadership and management so that I could be a better business owner and I could be a better team leader for the people that I was hiring. If I could inspire them to want to stay and I could create a better company culture, maybe they would then stay and they would want to be a part of my business. If I could understand at a better level my customers and I could learn to read the subtext and read between the lines, would I be better at understanding the homes that I'm going into? We go into people's homes and we're bringing with us our own filters and our own information and our own knowledge and our own backgrounds. And so what we're seeing may not be what we're actually seeing at all. All we're seeing is that family's home through our eyes, not through their eyes.  And so I started taking classes and I started reading books and I started studying about what do I have to do differently. But back to the morning pages, it was a process of writing and just putting it all out on paper so that I could understand my own thoughts. And what's really peculiar about that is a lot of us want to just throw in the towel because we're looking at exterior things around us. We're blaming the world around us. We're blaming our parents. We're blaming our employees. We're blaming our customers. We're blaming our mentors or whomever it is because we don't actually know what our own thoughts are. I know that sounds really peculiar that you would hit rock bottom and think that it might have something to do with you, right? Of course, it's everyone else's fault. But what really turned around for me and where I really went from struggling as a business owner to being wildly successful was when I started taking responsibility for the stuff that was happening in my own business. I started saying, wait a second, the buck stops here. I am responsible. I am the boss. I am responsible for making sure my customers are happy. I am responsible for making sure that my employees are satisfied in their job and that they're well paid. I am responsible for my own personal physical well-being. I am responsible. And the minute I started taking responsibility for what was happening in my life and the thoughts that were running through my head is the day that my business changed. So if you have hit rock bottom and if you're really, really frustrated, this is a good sign. This is a pendulum that has swung completely to one side and there's only one place for it to go. And that's back to the other side before it settles somewhere in the middle, right? So if it has swung and you just feel like, ah, this is it. Why am I doing this? This is crazy. I want to quit my job. You can quit your job. Like I said, I've quit five times in the course of my career. I quickly rehired myself back because I discovered that I was better working for myself than I was working for other people and that's just the way that I personally operate. And so you can rehire yourself and if you need to take a time out, that's fine too. You might consider the morning pages. You might consider doing a deep dive into what's actually inside your head and the thoughts that are going through your mind because once you figure out what it is that's in there and what's happening, then you have choices. And we say when you are aware, you have choices. You can keep doing it the way you've always done it. And then if you have choices and you are aware, you can do something different. And so my recommendation is that at least you become aware. All right, I hope that helps. If it does, give us a thumbs up. If you've got questions or comments, those go in the notes below. If you have a question, go over to askahousecleaner.com. In the corner, there's a blue button. If you click on that, a microphone appears and you can ask your question right here at the show. We want to help you and we're here to help you as you go through your cleaning journey. Until we meet again, leave the world a cleaner place than when you found it.


Hi and welcome to the session. I am Deepika here. Let's discuss a question using the fact that sign of a plus b is equal to sine a cos b plus cos is sine b and the differentiation Open the sum formula for cosines. So let's start the solution We are given the fact sine a plus b is equal to sine a cos b plus cos a sine b Now on differentiating both sides with respect to x with respect to x we have cos a plus b into d by dx of a plus b is equal to Now again for this term, we will apply the project rule.  Bye and have a nice day


Thank you, Madam Chair. Director-General, Mr William Swing, your Excellencies, Honourable Panelists, Delegates, Ladies and Gentlemen, I am honoured to speak to you within this discussion on Human Mobility, Environment and Climate. On behalf of the chairmanship of the Nansen Initiative, which was mentioned by our colleague from Bangladesh, the Nansen Initiative is made up of governments of Norway and Switzerland. Now, I would like to draw your attention to a migratory problem and of protection, which is growing at a global level. That is to say, the displacement of people across international borders following natural disasters. According to the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre, more than 66 million people were displaced within their countries in the period from 2008 to 2013 following natural disasters which occurred suddenly from more than 120 countries. This figure is much higher than the number of refugees and internally displaced persons who are obliged to flee persecution or armed conflict. These populations will probably continue to grow due to global warming. If we were to add displaced persons who are displaced due to long developing catastrophes such as droughts as well as those who cross borders, this figure would be even higher. To give an example, in 2011, 290,000 Somali people fled to neighbouring countries, in particular in Kenya and Ethiopia following drought, famine and insecurity caused by conflict, as is shown by the HCR report on Somalia. Even if some regions are more impacted than others by the phenomenon, it is a global phenomenon. The risk of being displaced following a natural disaster has doubled over the last 40 years. Ladies and gentlemen, the needs of displaced persons within their own country following disasters are covered by the operational directives of the Standing Interagency Committee on People Affected by Natural Disasters. However, the rights of people who are forced to flee abroad are not protected. We are particularly concerned by this group of people who are not covered by the category of traditional refugees nor of internally displaced people. So we have an urgent need to have consolidated data on displacement caused by climate change and natural disasters. We need to develop the necessary tools in order to help states protect the rights of displaced people following natural disasters. Ladies and gentlemen, IOM was one of the first stakeholders on an international level to recognise the need to adopt a global strategy to look at the processes and effects of environmental changes to predict them and adapt to them and then mitigate the results. The movement of populations and their impact on healthy migration management are essential to this strategy. We congratulate the IOM on its work in this area and encourage them to continue with that commitment. But just as the IOM has, Switzerland has also followed this new subject and has ordered new studies to obtain further information in order to put forward potential protection measures for the people concerned. During the ministerial conference organised by the HCR in December 2011 to commemorate the conventions on refugees and stateless persons, Switzerland and Norway declared itself willing to continue its commitment in this area. For Norway and Switzerland, it is with the work of the states concerned, the HCR, the IOM and other organisations, it is our interest to develop solutions for these trans-border movements on a regional and sub-regional level. We need to look at best practice in this area and to find a consensus on the best way to provide protection and assistance to those affected. In October 2012 the Nansen initiative was launched to allow us to work with this commitment. It was implemented and managed by states and it is a consultative process which will find an agreed basis for the elements to protect people who are forced to flee abroad following natural disaster. The strategic work is covered by a steering group made up of seven countries from the north and the south, Germany, Australia, Bangladesh, Costa Rica, Kenya, Mexico and the Philippines under the chairmanship of Norway and Switzerland. The IOM and HCR also participate there as permanent guests and this means they can follow closely the process and give input. The operational management of the initiative is assured by Professor Valdera Keeling who acts as a representative of Switzerland and Norway and between 2004 and 2010, Professor Keeling acted as special representative of the Secretary-General of the United Nations for the rights of people and internally displaced people. The Nansen initiative was also created and it is open to all interested states who want to hear more about the initiative. The group of friends meets regularly in Geneva and is chaired by Morocco and the European Union. The next meeting will take place at the beginning of 2015 and you are all heartily welcome to join us. The initiative is also assisted by a consultative committee made up of international representatives, researchers, think tanks and non-governmental organisations. Ladies and gentlemen, in addition to working on general awareness raising, the Nansen initiative has led five international consultations in the regions which are most affected by cross-border migration caused through natural disaster. These consultations, which come from the field, will help us to better understand the existing situations and identify the challenges and best practice. Four of these regional consultations have already taken place in the South Pacific, in Central America, in the Horn of Africa and in Southeast Asia. The fifth and final one is planned for South Asia in 2015. Analysis has already shown that the reality of displacement brought about by natural disasters are very different from region to region. For example, in the Pacific region, the debate is more on preparation for disasters, resilience and in the longer term, the potential transfer of populations in Central America, the debate is more focused on cooperation in particular to facilitate the allocation of humanitarian visas. A work doesn't finish with regional consultation. Key aspects identified in consultation are then studied in more depth within the initiative, and that is in particular the case of humanitarian visas, which will be subject of more in-depth consideration in February 2015 in Costa Rica. Ladies and gentlemen, the Nansen initiative will soon be starting on its third and final year. In 2015, our focus will be fully on the collection and transfer of results of the regional consultation within the agenda of protection, which will be the final product of the initiative. It will be a non-binding document which will reflect a consensus on the key principles regarding the protection of those who have to flee abroad following natural disasters. The agenda will also structure the action to be taken in the future, both at an international level, a regional level and a national level. So far, priorities have been identified. Firstly, a joint understanding of the problems and challenges that stakeholders face. Secondly, good practice and the instruments that better address the needs of those concerned. Thirdly, base principles on the standards which apply to people displaced to cooperation and operational responses to be given. Fourthly, recommendations on the roles and responsibilities of the concerned stakeholders. And finally, an action plan for the implementation of the protection agenda. The protection agenda will be presented and discussed during a consultation conference at global level, which will be held in October 2015 in Geneva. The agenda will be taken as a toolbox where each region can select the principles and measures that best fit their specific situations. Ladies and gentlemen, in order to produce this impact in the field, the agenda, which is a practical tool kit, must be carried and supported by states who commit themselves to that as well as key organisations such as the IOM and the HCR. We count on your support and your presence at this conference. The conference will highlight our joint efforts in terms of improving the protection of people displaced by natural disasters, and will also mark the beginning of a new stage for the implementation of the protection agenda. Thank you. Thank you very much, Ambassador.


Mae'r amser yw Andrew Clark, ac rwy'n meddwl i'r cyfraith honno Lleonardo Da Vinci yn mynd i'r môl, dwi'n gweithio'r collig Stephen Parkin ac Juliana Baroni o Berkbeck College University of London. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n 500 o'r anfersoedd yma o'r deall Lleonardo, i ddod i'r gwneud beth sefydlu i'r unig o'r unig o'r Unig, i ddod i'r unig i'r unig o'r sgol o'r ysgolion byddai'r gweithio'r collig. Felly, y byddwn i'n gweithio'n gweithio i Lleonardo Da Vinci yn mynd i'r môl, i'r amser Lleonardo ddod o'r'i digithu'r hanesgol yma. Mae'n gweithio'r llyfr o'r llyfr o lleonardo notebook known as the Codex Arundel. The notebook contains 285 sheets making it one of Leonardo's largest notebooks. It's primarily focused on mathematics but it also deals with other subjects such as optics, astronomy, architecture, mechanics, geometry, engineering and hydraulics, so beautifully illustrating the broad range of Leonardo's interests. This is a facsimile. We will be borrowing the original manuscript for the exhibition. It's one of the Codex Forster notebooks and it's just a lovely example of the kind of small notebook that Leonardo would have carried around with him on his travels to note down his observations which he would then later organise and compile into larger notebooks such as the Codex Leicester and the Codex Arundel. This is a facsimile copy of the Codex Leicester and we will be borrowing some of the sheets from the original manuscript for the exhibition. In contrast to the Codex Arundel, its densely written pages and intricate marginal illustrations were compiled in preparation for a treatise on the science of water which Leonardo never managed to complete and it's mainly concerned with geophysics with a particular emphasis on the study of water. It's forms, it's power, it's tides and currents and their effect on the environment geological, atmospheric, erosive and it's widely considered to be Leonardo's most important scientific notebook.