Section 6 of the American Book of the Dog. This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org. Read by Michelle Fry, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The American Book of the Dog, G.O. Shields Editor. Section 6, The Pointer, Part 2. By Charles K. Westbrook, A.M. The Pointer has always occupied a high place in the esteem of American sportsmen. This is not only owing to his attractive form and fine field qualities, but also to the fact that in southern sections of the country where field sports were most indulged in during the earlier years of our national existence, his short coat, his ability to go without water for a longer time than the setter, and his superior nose in a warm, dry climate entitled him to preference. Many dogs of fine quality were imported from abroad by our southern friends long prior to the war, and by judicious interbreeding with our excellent native strains, families of pointers were established there which were not inferior in any respect to the best imported strains. By degrees these became generally disseminated throughout the country where other fine strains had also been established so that the American Pointer became noted for his superiority and general excellence as a sporting dog. Among the earlier importations of pointers, of which we have any record, was Sefton by Star out of Lord Sefton's Sam, Star by Cotter out of McDonough's Miranda. This dog was white with liver-colored ears and was imported by Dr. N. Rowe now editor of the American Field. In 1867, Sir Frederick Bruce, the English minister, imported the liver and white dog George from the Duke of Beaufort's kennels, which together with Captain Graffton's imported black and white dog Peg, subsequently became the property of Dr. A. R. Strassian of New York.  In 1874, Mr. B. W. Jenkins of Baltimore imported a liver and white dog Sancho by Walker's Dan out of Fairhead's Juno, Hamlet Bell, who won the Tolly Gold Medal at Waterton in 1875. In the latter year, Mr. Sealy and Stevens of New York imported the liver, gray and white dog Wrapped by Lord Carlile's Wrapped out of Best by Honorable Nor Hill's Blunder out of Shaw's Helen Wrapped by Lord Downey's Shot out of Wilson's Staffa. Besides these imported dogs, excellent strains were bred about the same time by Mr. Wisner Murray of Goshen, New York, A. C. Wardell of Newton, New Jersey, now of Kansas, James Cassidy and Charles H. Winfield of New Jersey, Mr. Colt of Hartford, Dwight L. Roberts and Captain J. P. White of Savannah, Edward H. Lathrop of Springfield, Massachusetts, and G. A. Strong and E. A. Kelsey of West Meridian, Connecticut. The first effort at a bench show in this country was made at the meeting of the Illinois State Sportsmen's Association in Chicago, June 2, 1874. The second was held at Oswego, New York, June 22, 1874 by the New York State Sportsmen's Association. The first real success in that direction was achieved at Minneolo, Long Island, October 7, 1874. Other exhibitions soon followed at Memphis, Detroit, Springfield, Waterton, Paris, Kentucky, and at Manchester, New Hampshire. The first bench show in New York was held in 1877 at which R. J. Lloyd Price of England exhibited snapshot in the champion class and won with him. The Columbus, Ohio Kennel Club winning in the same class for bitches with bell. The exhibition of 1878 in the same city brought out the St. Louis Kennel Club's champions, Sleiford, and in bitches E. Orgles, Rump and Rose. Many fine dogs appeared subsequently at this series of exhibitions, among them being Faust, Croxteth, Tramp, Lord Dufferin, Rush, Rapp, W. R. Hobarts, Tom, John S. Wise, Donald, A. H. Moores, King Bow, Waterlily, LaRook, Meteor, Drake, Pilot, Monson's Bang, Bravo, Bow, Beaufort, Robert Lee Diabla, Fritz, Rue, Robin, Adair, Jilt, Rhonda, Modesty, Rosa, Brackett, Mealy, Revel 3, Tammy, Duke of Bergen, Consolation, Nick of Nassau, Bang Grace, Steph G., Blumo, Young Bula, Never Sink, Tuck, Patty M., Duke of Hessen, Vanderbilt, Puck, Hamlet Sleiford, Nassau of Devonshire, Penelope, Wanda, Stella, Sensation, Jimmy, Shirley, Amine, Clover, Springbok, Bangso, Matille, Jersey Bang Bang, Roger Williams, Mayflower, Nassau of Kippen, Lad of Bow, Lass of Bow, Lucky Stone, Mad Stone, Glauca, Gladys, Take the Eighth, Goldenrod, Duke of Vernon, Graphite, Lord Graphic, Brake, Lebanon, Tori White, Transit, Bell Randolph, Sicily, Lapford Pearl, Woolton Game, Queen Fan, Pomerys Sec, Gosening, Tribulation, Miss Freedom, Mary Legs, Stella B., Sally Brass II, Mealy's Baby, Glamorgan, Lady Tammany, and numbers of others whom space will not permit us to mention. Among the organizations that are entitled to great credit for the efforts that they put forth about 1877 for the improvement of the pointer in America are the St. Louis Kennel Club in the West and the Westminster Kennel Club in the East, each composed of wealthy representative sportsmen having the true interests of the breed at heart. These gentlemen imported, at heavy expense, some of the choicest English blood, and by its injection into the veins of our already excellent strains of dogs, vastly raised the standard of the American pointer. The St. Louis Kennel Club's stud dogs, Champion Faust and Champion Bow, were two of the best pointers of their day and have further established their claims to distinction by proving their propensity through a long line of worthy descendants. Champions Sleaford also added greatly to the reputation which the club had achieved as the importers and breeders of some of the best pointers that America has seen, adding to their bench qualifications that still more desirable characteristic, superior excellence in the field. The Westminster Kennel Club was among the first to establish bench shows in this country, and through that medium has done much to improve the form and appearance of the pointer, importing such excellent dogs as Bang Bang and Nassau of Kippen, and by their energy and influence inducing a wider distribution of the pointer and a higher recognition of his claims as a useful and valuable sporting dog. The annual bench show held by this club in the city of New York is recognized as the leading one in the United States, and the prizes there bestowed are most highly cherished by breeders. The long line of important shows now held in this country at Boston, Providence, Springfield, Rochester, Elmira, Buffalo, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Chicago, St. Louis, Denver, St. Paul, Cincinnati, and other large cities owe their origin and inspiration to the influence and example of the Westminster Kennel Club. The graphic kennels at Netherwood, New Jersey, the Never Sink Lodge Kennels of Orange County, New York, and the Hempstead Farm Kennels of Long Island are also prominent eastern breeders of pointers, while Mr. John S. Wise, F. R. Hitchcock, A. E. Godfrey, Fred S. Underhill, A. D. Lewis, J. H. Philan, J. H. Winslow, Charles J. Persial, L. Gardner, Charles Heath, James L. Anthony, E. R. Bellman, John White, Luke W. White, J. R. Purcell, P. T. Madison, Robert C. Cornell, Thomas H. Terry, B. F. Seidner, A. C. Collins, C. M. Munhill, C. G. Stoddard, C. H. O'Dell, O. W. Donner, Edward Dexter, R. Marie R. Starr, John M. Tracy, C. W. Littlehorn, George D. F. Grant, Ed S. Schultz, C. E. Sterling, Bayard Thayer, Samuel T. Colt, W. E. Hughes, J. B. Turner, A. A. Whipple, A. C. Waddell, and C. C. Pippet are among those gentlemen to whom breeders are indebted for intelligent and successful efforts in the development of the pointer. A large number of champion pointers have been evolved and had won well-merited honors at the various exhibitions before the organization of the present American Kennel Club. Among these were Faust, Sleiford, Bow, Water Lily, Meteor, Bravo, and Patty M. As Kennel interests began to assume a more prominent place in America, the necessity for the organization of a national association with a view of directing and fostering such interests and adopting uniform rules for the government of shows and the distribution of awards became apparent and resulted in the organization of the American Kennel Club at Philadelphia on September 17, 1884. This club has present control of American Kennel affairs, publishing the only official stud book for the registration of pedigrees as well as the Kennel Gazette and promulgating uniform rules for the government of shows and distribution of awards. It also publishes in the Gazette as Champions of Record the names of all those dogs still living who have attained the title of champion, the qualifications being that a dog shall have won four first prizes in the open class to be eligible to the challenge class and three first prizes in the latter class to be entitled champion, the exhibitions at which such awards are given to be such as are duly recognized by the club and the contest to be under rules promulgated by themselves. The club is composed of a membership comprising the different men's show and field trial clubs of America represented by delegates and a large body of associated individual members also represented by delegates. Those living pointers recognized as champions by the American Kennel Club down to 1890 are Brackett 7835, Clover 2867, Donald 2879, Graphic 4067, Juno S8010, King Bow 4076, Ladd of Bow 7880, Lass of Bow 8020, Mealy 4201, Nassau of Kippen 5552, Nick of Nassau 5553, Queen Bow 8057, Queen Fan 5607, Revel 38062, Robert Ladiabla 5556, and Rosa 11206. Contemporaneously with the establishment of bench shows in the United States appeared the public field trials which were designed to develop and demonstrate the useful and practical qualities of the pointer and setter. The first field trial in America was held October 8th, 1874 under the auspices of the Tennessee Sportsmen's Association in which the judging was under English rules by points. On October 26th, 1875, the same association also held extensive trials in the field at which first prize for pointers was won by Major J. M. Taylor's Duke by Captain Daze May out of Ida. Second prize by Captain Lightburn's Sandy by Bang out of Queen.  Second to Dr. Sanders May by Sam out of Gibson's Nelly. One of the earliest prominent field trial organizations and one to which pointer breeders are chiefly indebted for early encouragement was the Eastern Field Trials Club organized in 1878 and still in active existence. During the first few years, the club furnished but one all-age steak annually to which both setters and pointers were eligible. While the latter won a fair share of the competitive honors, they were so heavily handicapped by the greater number of the setters affording a larger field for selection that pointer breeders were dissatisfied. And it was not until the club established separate all-age steaks for the two breeds that the excellent field qualities of the pointer were clearly demonstrated and his improvement became rapid. The two breeds still contend together in the Derby for dogs born on or after January 1st of the year of or year preceding the contest and also contended together for the championship steak. To which winners of the first prize in an all-age steak are eligible. The Robbins Island Club organized 1881 is still in existence while later organizations that are engaged in the commendable work of developing the field qualities of the pointer and setter are the Central Field Trial Club, Southern Field Trial Club, Indiana Kennel Club, Texas Field Trial Club, Pacific Coast Field Trial Club, Philadelphia Kennel Club, Southern Sportsmen's Association, Canadian Kennel Club, and Manitoba Field Trial Club. Here omitted from this recording is a full page of dogs by name with sires and dames recited who won the prize. Too much cannot be said in praise of those enterprising gentlemen who have devoted time and money without stint to the support and encouragement of field contests and while severe criticisms have been made on the methods often employed in the trials, the rules under which they are run and the work of the dogs, yet it must be borne in mind that the conditions under which these races are run are of the most trying character. It is a contest for supremacy between owners, handlers, and dogs. The latter are thrown among strange competitors, often times after being carried hundreds of miles by rail, must work on strange grounds followed by a crowd, listen to unaccustomed sounds and commands, and work in confusion generally. It is only a wonder that the dogs perform as well as they do, and it is generally admitted that it takes a good dog to win at these trials in the face of all these difficulties. Many of the successful field trial winners are afterward used as stud dogs and produce some excellent descendants for all-round work which proves their own inherent good qualities. If less prominence were given to pace and range and more to nose, style, and quality of work, staunchness in pointing, backing, and retrieving, it would redound more to the credit of the field trials and result in giving us better dogs for general private use throughout the country. The tendency now seems to be to adopt more rational and sensible rules in judging the work of the dogs, and a wild, half-trained animal knowing but little else than how to run fast for a short time does not now necessarily win the contest. Among the most potent stars that have ever been imported to this country were Sensation and Croxteth, the former by Price's Jim, White House's Hamlet Judy, out of Nell, Old Rap, Nina, was bred by Mr. J. D. Humphries in 1874, and during his lifetime won seven prizes in England and 13 in the United States, including third prize in the Eastern Field Trials and the cup for the best pointer in 1880. He was a dog of most excellent quality, lemon and white in color, and has produced many noted descendants. He was one of the first dogs of note that was brought to America, and his importation marked the beginning of the interest in the development of the pointer that has culminated in our present high standard of excellence. He was imported in 1876 having been selected and purchased for the Westminster Kennel Club by Mr. George de Forest Grant. His field qualities were of a high order, many of his fine attitudes on point having been preserved by brush and pencil. He died of old age at a Babylon Long Island in June 1887. Following close upon sensation was Croxteth. He was bred by the well-known English sportsman, Reverend J. Cumming McDonough in January 1878, from whom he was purchased by Mr. A. E. Godefroy of New York. When first imported he was in very poor condition and did not show up well at the New York Exhibition of 1880, where he was only awarded two letters. In the summer of 1880 he began to improve in condition and ran in an all-age stake of the Eastern Field Trials, where he won his first heat but failed to get placed. At the New York Show of 1881 he won third in the open class and in the fall of the same year again ran at the Trials of the Eastern Field Trial Club, where he defeated all the pointers present, winning the Special Pointer Cup. He then ran for first prize overall against the Orange and White Cedar Grossdale, but after a close race was declared defeated, a decision which caused considerable heated discussion in the sporting press, many believing that Croxteth had justly won the contest. His owner withdrew him after this race and would not permit him to contend for second money. In 1882 the New York Exhibition awarded him first in the open class for heavyweight dogs and the silver medal for the best pointer with a field trial record. He was shown against the well-known dog Faust and scored 95 and one-fourth points out of a possible 100 against 90 by Faust. The same year he ran again in the all-age stake at the Eastern Field Trials, beating all pointers and again winning the Special Pointer Cup. He won second in the general contest out of 37 entries, being defeated for the first place by London. His son, Lord Shefton, ran in the Derby at the same time and won the Silver Cup over 65 dogs for special excellence. He also won second in the puppy class at the New York Bench Show the same year. The summarized winnings of Croxteth are as follows. Second prize in puppy class, International Show at Hanover, Germany, 1879. Fourth in English Field Trial Derby out of 127 entries, 1879. Second in Bench Show, Rochester, New York, 1879. HC Bench Show, New York City, 1880. Third Bench Show, New York City, 1881. Special Cup for best pointer in Eastern Field Trials, 1881. First in Open Class, New York Bench Show and Silver Medal for best field trial pointer in the show, 1882. Special Cup for best pointer in the Eastern Field Trials, 1882. Second in all-age stake in Eastern Field Trials, 1882. Silver Medal, best kennel of pointers, New York, 1883. Silver Medal, best field trial pointer, New York, 1883. Best stud pointer in the show, appearing with four first and second winners, New York, 1884. Silver Medal, best kennel of pointers, New York, 1885. He was never shown except in New York State and after 1885 retired on his laurels being in extensive demand as a stud dog and becoming the sire of many winners both on the bench and in the field. Among the well-known dogs of whom he was the sire were Elliot's Scout, Drake, Trinket's Bang, Robert de Diable, Keswick Too, Dee, Dell, Modesty, Lady Zeal, Romp, Lady Crossteth, Neversink, Jilt, Lord Sefton, Don Caster, Rapp and Ossian. No dog that we have had in America has achieved a more favorable reputation as a dog of high character and a successful stock-getter than Crossteth. And when he died in March 1888, the result of a cold caught during the Great Blizzard of that month, general regret pervaded pointer circles at the loss of so shining a light among their favorites. Crossteth was by Lowe's Young Bang out of Madonna's Jane, he by Price's Bang and Davies Luna and she by Lord Sefton's Sam out of his flirt. Through his ancestors, Sam, Hamlet and Drake, he inherited the best blood of Lord Sefton's, Mr. Whitehouse's and Sir Richard Garth's strains. He was half-brother of Sir Thomas Leonard's Priam and Scamp and grandson of Champion Bang, the winner of ten field trials in England and with an invincible bench record as well. In bench show form, Crossteth weighed 70 pounds, his measurements being round chest two feet five inches, nose to root of tail three feet two inches, height of shoulder two feet one and one fourth inches, head skull bone to nose ten and one half inches, round face under eyes eleven inches, round thigh one foot four inches, round loin one foot ten and one half inches, round skull one foot five and one half inches, skull bone to shoulder eight inches. In color, he was dark liver and white ticked, grandly sensational on point and impressing anyone who saw him with the beautiful character and expression of his head, his grand frame and muscular development. His legs and feet were excellent, his carriage lofty, never trailing but hunting for the body scent, going at a steady long striding gallop over the roughest of ground and never seeming to be tired. He was also a superior all-round dog, being as good on roughed grouse and snipe as he was on quails. A sketch representing him in one of his grand points at High Point North Carolina in 1882 was published in Forest and Stream December 1882 and was copied by European sporting papers. He was also painted by the well-known artist, Mr. J. M. Tracy, went on point, handsomely backed by sensation, the picture being now owned by the Westminster Kennel Club. Another excellent stud dog that has just passed away, leaving many noted descendants, was Bang Bang by Price's Bang out of Princess Kate. He was bred by Mr. F. C. Lowe in January 1881 and imported to this country in July 1882. Previous to leaving England, he won the puppy stakes at Shrewsbury, including the champion puppy stake, the 50-pound prize at the Blankford Trials, the third puppy stake and all-aged stake at the St. Hubert Trials, Belgium, and first at the Crystal Palace show in 1882. In this country, his winnings were Second, Cleveland, first lightweight pointer sweepstakes, New York, 1884. First, Philadelphia, 1885. First, Waverly, 1887. First, Syracuse, 1888. Field Trials, Pointer Stake, Eastern Field Trials Club, 1885. Divided second in same stake, 1886. Bang Bang was an attractive lemon and white dog that was built on wonderful racing lawns, a grand style, fine nose, and excellent disposition. Pointer breeders are also indebted to champion graphic for the contribution of certain excellent qualities to our American kennels. He is by Ferdsons Juno, out of Leach's bonus Sancho, was whelked April 15, 1881 and bred by Mr. Norrish of Devonshire, England. His sire, bonus Sancho, is by Price's Champion Bang, out of Leach's Bell, a union which produced in different litters, Bang Two, Bo Bells, Mary Bells, Bonabelle, and other winners. Leach's Bell is by Champion Sancho, out of Leach's fan. Sancho was the sire of Champion Wag and brother of Champion Chang. Graphic was imported in 1886. He is a typical liver and white dog and has scored many winnings in England and this country, including the Champion Prize at Crystal Palace in 1884 and 1885. His field performances in England and America have been good and he is the sire of many first-class dogs, including Go Bang, Champion Brackett, Champion Lad of Bow, Lass of Bow, Romeo, Champion Rebel III, Wanda, Stella B, Graphite, Lord Graphic, Pomeroy II, Mary Legs, and Sally Brass II. Champion Robert La Diabla is one of the most prominent and popular dogs that have been bred in this country. He is a grand liver and white ticked dog of great symmetry weighing about 60 pounds and built on correct lines for practical work. He was bred by the St. Louis Kennel Club, who helped June 12, 1883, subsequently owned by the Highland Kennels, Red Bank, New Jersey, and now by the Hempstead Farm Kennels, Hempstead, Long Island.  The latter was imported by the St. Louis Kennel Club and won first prize in the puppy stakes of the Sporting Dog and Field Trial Club's Trials in 1879. Robert La Diabla is distinguished for his successful bench show and field trial record and defeated a large and formidable aggregation of pointers at the Eastern Field Trials Clubs meeting in 1886, winning the all-age stake. He also won first and special for best pointer or setter in the New York Show in 1885, first at St. Louis and Cincinnati the same year, championship and special for best pointer in 1886 at St. Louis and Pittsburgh, besides other prizes, first and special for the best pointer with a field trial record, for the best pointer in the show, and for the best stud dog shown with two of his get at New York 1890. Tammany by Pilkington's Tory out of Moonstone, imported in Uderoe and welped August 24th, 1883, is another of our noted pointers who has just passed into the great hunting grounds beyond the setting sun. His death occurred on February 16th, 1889. His dam, Moonstone, was a full sister of the St. Louis Kennel Club's bow and of Young Bang, the sire of Crossteth and Priam. He was a strong, heavyweight, liver and white ticked dog, lacking somewhat in symmetry but built for the manifestation of power in the field where he achieved his greatest successes. He won first in the Eastern Field Trials Club's members' stake and first in the all-aged pointer stake in 1887, defeating several prominent competitors and has left a number of descendants who aid in sustaining his good reputation. His bench winnings were Third Philadelphia, 1885, Second Newark, 1886, Second Hartford, 1886, First New York, 1886, First New York and First Hartford, 1887, Second Boston in 1887 and in Champion Class in 1888. The immediate ancestors of Tammany were such excellent dogs as Garth's Drake, Dahl, Coam's Bang, Price's Vesta, Lord Cole's Cole, Price's Bell, Brockton's Bounce, Postan's Venus, Hamlet, Might, Ranger, Jilt and Don. He was one of the few pointers we have had in this country who displayed the same style and courage on game that is manifested by the best strains of setters. Champion Nick of Nassau by Nassau too and Pettigo is a handsome liver and white dog imported from England at great expense and has achieved a worthy prominence in pointer circles being a well-known winner on the bench and in the field trials proving himself a formidable competitor where he also won deserved honors. He has also proven a useful and valuable sire. Another excellent dog is the liver and white tipped dog Duke of Vernon owned by Mr. L. Gardner of Mount Vernon, New York and exhibited at the various shows in recent years. He manifests strong pointer character is admirably set on his legs, symmetrical and strong and with a perfectly carried stern. His winnings are First and Two Specials Buffalo, 1888 Second Richmond, 1888 When in field form only First New York, 1889 First Troy, the same year and Second New York, 1890 He is by Glendale out of Spotless and includes in his pedigree such excellent dogs as Lort, Lass of Bow Jonte, Sleiford, Pride, Dawn Price is Bang, Luna, Bell, Nina General Prim, Coem's Bang Vesta, Juno, Sancho, Hamlet, Sal and Nelly Champion Lad of Bow is now owned by the Westminster Kennel Club He was bred by Mr. Sam Price of Bow, North Devon, England March 9th, 1884 and imported to this country in May 1886 He is by Champion Graphic out of Climax She by Champion Bang out of Juno By Mike out of Baston's Bell Bang by Coem's Bang out of Vesta Lad of Bow is a large liver white and tipped pointer weighing about 65 pounds in a fine form and appearance He is longer in body than his sire a racy looking animal with great depth of chest and fine disposition measuring 4.5 inches from end of nose to corner of eye across skulls 6 inches and standing 24 inches high at the shoulders His bench winnings in England include Second at Crystal Palace Show 1886 He won first and special for best large size stud dog with two of his progeny awarded with his sire Graphic and half-brother Champion Bracket Also special as one of the best Kennel of Pointers, Boston 1887 Also dividing third at the American Field Trial Clubs Trials All-Aged Steak, Florence, Alabama 1887 Second and two specials as one of best Kennel Hunter Dog that has been placed in any American Field Trial New York 1888 Champion Bracket was bred by Mr. R. P. Leach Devon England who helped February 8th 1884 and imported to this country in January 1886 He is by Champion Graphic out of Blumeau His record in England was Second Crystal Palace 1885 Third Crystal Palace in the same year H.C. British Kennel Association's show There Being No Small Dog Class Sheffield 1885 Also special for best team of Pointers or Setters won by Bracket, Reville 3 and Bo Ideal First and Cup Small Dog Class Birmingham 1885 In this country his record of winnings is large also in Sweepstakes First as Best Pointer under 55 pounds and Special as Best Lightweight Pointer in Open Class First and five specials Newark 1886 First and three specials Boston 1886 First and two specials Hartford 1886 Champion and Special New York 1886 Champion Newark 1887 Special as one of best Kennel Special for best large stud dog with two of his progeny awarded with his sire Graphic and his half-brother Lad of Bow Boston 1887 and Champion and Special New York 1888 Bracket is dark liver white and tipped weighing about 54 pounds measuring four and one fourth inches from end of nose to corner of eye five and one half inches between the ears two and three fourths inches at shoulder He is full of quality somewhat heavy in head with good shoulders capital loin and body and good disposition He has been shown a great deal in this country and also given a good deal of work in the field where he is said to manifest a most excellent nose combined with speed, staunchness and tractability Champion Donald was imported by Mr. A. H. Moore of Philadelphia in 1880 He was bred by Mr. R. Andrews of Devonshire being whelped in 1877 His record on the bench is a good one both in England and this country He won first at Exeter June 1879 first at Fallmouth in July the same year first in October at Bristol and first at Birmingham in December He finished his public career in England by capturing first and cup at Margate February 1880 In this country he won first at St. Louis 1880 first champion and first with others as best kennel of dogs New York 1882 first champion at Boston 1882 and first champion at Cleveland 1882 He is the sire of Paddy M. Dress and Donald II all well known In color he is liver white and ticked of medium size rather stocky in build with capital neck fair shoulders and good body and legs He has sired some most excellent dogs by Revol 3 and other bitches In working condition he weighs about 52 pounds measuring 4 and 1 4th inches from end of nose to corner of eye between ears 5 and 1 half inches and in height 22 and 1 4th inches at shoulder A dog of excellent quality that has recently been developed in the west is Mr. P. T. Madison's Osayan by Croxteth Amin He was bred by Mr. John S. Wise in May 1886 and trained by Captain D. E. Rose of Lawrenceburg, Tennessee Here inserted is a portrait photo of Paddy M owned by C. M. Monhall Cleveland, Ohio His field winnings are divided third in Eastern Field Trials clubs Derby in 1887 third in same clubs All-Aged Steak in 1888 second in Southern Field Trials clubs All-Aged Pointer Steak in 1888 and first in Indiana Kennel clubs All-Aged Pointer Steak in 1889 He has been shown but twice on the bench winning second in open class Indianapolis 1889 and first at Indianapolis 1890 Osayan is a high-headed, stylish liver, white and tipped pointer weighing about 60 pounds with plenty of bone and muscle strong and enduring and obedient and tractable in the field At the terrible Canaan Holocaust at Columbus, Ohio January 11th, 1888 several excellent pointers were burned Among them were Bow Foust Wrapped Dove Planet, Meteor Accident Pap Smeiser Meteor Diana Business, Donald Nymphur Rumpty Meteor Diana Hamlet Hamlet Sleaford Young Sleaford, Lily Lily Bang, Bang Bang Lass Dolly Foster, Faster Nymphur Lady Trinket, Young Meteor Zolo Foust Corsicanotob Tori, Kelly's Bell Besides several fine puppies belonging to the Idestone kennels of Dayton, Ohio and last but not least the two fine bitches Lady Croxteth combining most excellent field, bench and brood qualities and the peerless champion Patty M, a bitch of rare quality who was rapidly pushing her way to the front. Patty M, by champion Donald Bob Sappho out of Devonshire Lass Impe Don, Impe Lady was welped August 9th, 1882 and was a litter sister of Donald too. Her winnings were First and Special Milwaukee, 1886 First and Two Specials Latonia, Kentucky, 1886 First and Special Waverly, New Jersey, 1886 Champion Prize and Two Specials Dayton, Ohio, 1886 First Boston 1887 First and Two Specials Pittsburgh, 1887 Champion Prize 1887 Champion Prize and Special Detroit, 1887 Champion Prize and Three Specials Columbus, Ohio, 1888 Patty M was only bred twice to Croxteth and Nick of Nassau, all of her progeny proving good. Other dogs that have proven decidedly pre-potent in impressing their own fine qualities on their offspring in America and whom space will not permit us to describe that length are Nassau of Kippen, Main Spring King Bow, King Don Vandervoort's Don Duke of Hesson, Beanfort Beppo III Cornerstone, Consolation Meteor, Pontiac Moulton Barron, Osborne Ale Freedom, Trinket's Bang Tam O'Shanter Dancer, Flockfinder Sensation's Son Rod and Bang These dogs, together with many other native and imported specimens of high character, have done much in elevating the standard of pointer breeding in America. Already the latest successful blood in England has been imported and with the experience gained in the trials and the exercise of the principles of scientific breeding there is every reason to believe that the pointer will always hold his place in the front rank of our sporting dogs. At the same time as now bred, he needs more enthusiasm in his work and should carry a higher head than he does feeling more for the body scent and less for the foot scent of game and working out his ground with more judgment. In these respects the setter has been wonderfully developed and improved by the field trials. The pointer has among his promoters many of our leading sportsmen and all that money can accomplish, united with earnest endeavor and intelligent experimentation will doubtless be done to make him the equal of the setter in every respect. The organization of a club in 1888 devoted to his interests and development is also a move in the right direction and if the councils of this body are wisely governed it can accomplish much in unifying the interests of the breed in America making the types of breeding more uniform and securing proper recognition for the pointer. The pointer club of America is now officered as follows Honorable John S. Wise, President New York City George W. LaRue, Secretary and Treasurer, New York City James L. Anthony, First Vice President, New York City F. R. Hitchcock, Second Vice President, New York City B. F. Seidner Third Vice President, Dayton, Ohio A. C. Collins Fourth Vice President Hartford, Connecticut Executive Committee C. M. Munhal, Cleveland, Ohio Dr. J. R. Daniels, Cleveland, Ohio Charles Heath Newark, New Jersey James P. Swain, New York City J. H. Winslow Philadelphia, Pennsylvania J. M. Arnault, New York City Charles G. Stoddard, Dayton, Ohio M. V. B. Saunders Detroit, Michigan John S. Wise, New York City George W. LaRue, New York City James L. Anthony, New York City F. R. Hitchcock, New York City B. F. Seidner Dayton, Ohio A. C. Collins, Hartford, Connecticut Its membership includes most of the prominent pointer men in the country but the limits of our space preclude the possibility of giving the full list Pointer breeders should not lose sight of the lack of uniformity in type with which the friends of the dog have always had to contend Large dogs and small dogs long and short have been interbred so that it is difficult to predict uniformity in type of any litter Greater care should be exercised in this regard and the two weights of dogs should be carefully bred within themselves an occasional graft of the heavy breed onto the lightweight might however be allowed with a view to counteracting excessive fineness of bone and muscle in the latter and heavier in the former Description value of points color size The style of dog that is now being bred in the United States conforms entirely to the description given by Stonehenge and his valuable work on the dogs of the British Isles a standard that has also been adopted for judging by the Westminster Kennel Club the use at their annual bench shows and which is generally used throughout the country For the benefit of the readers of this work the epitomized description compiled by the late William M. Tillston is here with given as follows The skull value 10 should be of good size but not as heavy as in the old Spanish pointer and in a lesser degree his half-bred descendants it should be wider across the ear with a setter with a forehead rising well at the brows showing a decided stop A full development of the occipital protuberance is indispensable and the upper surface should be in two slightly rounded flats with a furrow between The nose value 10 should be long 4 inches to 4 and 3 fourths inches and broad with widely open nostrils The end must be moist and in health is cold to the touch It should be black or very dark brown in all but the lemon and whites but in them it may be a deep flesh color It should be cut off square and not pointed known as the snipe nose or pig jaw Teeth meeting evenly The ears, eyes and lips value 4 are as follows Ears soft in coat moderately long and thin in leather not folding like the hounds but lying flat and close to the cheeks and set on low without any tendency to prick Eyes soft and of medium size color brown varying in shade with that of the coat lips well developed and frothing when in work but not pendant or flu like The neck value 6 should be arched toward the head long and round without any approach to do lap or throttiness It should come out with a graceful sweep from between the shoulder blades The shoulders and chest value 15 are dependent on each other for their formation Thus a wide and hooped chest cannot have the blades lying flat against its sides and consequently instead of this and their sloping backwards as they ought to do in order to give free action they are upright short and fixed Of course a certain width is required to give room for the lungs but the volume required should be obtained in depth rather than width Behind the blades the ribs should however be well arched but still deep this last depth of back rib is especially important The back quarters and stifles value 15 constitute the main propellers of the machine and on their proper development the speed and power of the dog depend The loin should be very slightly arched and full of muscle which should run well over the back ribs The hips should be wide with a tendency even to raggedness and the quarters should droop very slightly from them These last must be full of firm muscle and the stifles should be well bent and carried widely apart so as to allow the hind legs to be brought well forward in the gallop instituting a form of action which does not tire Legs, elbows and hocks value 12 These chiefly bony parts though merely the levers by which the muscles act must be strong enough to bear the strain given them and this must act in the straight line of progression Substance of bone is therefore demanded not only in the shanks but in the joints The knees and hocks being especially required to be bony The elbows should be well let down giving a long upper arm and should not be turned in or out the latter being however the lesser fault of the two as the confined elbow limits the action considerably The reverse is the case with the hocks which may be turned in rather than out the former being generally accompanied by that wideness of stifles which I have already insisted on Both hind and forepastons should be short nearly upright and full of bone The feet to value 8 are all important for however fast and strong the action may be if the feet are not well shaped in their horny covering hard the dog will soon become footsore when at work and will then refuse to leave his master's heels however high his courage may be Breeders have long disputed the comparative good qualities of the round cat-like foot and the long one resembling that of the hair In the pointer my own opinion is in favor of the cat foot with the toes well arched and close together This is the desideratum of the MFH and I think stands work better than the hair foot in which the toes are not arched but still lie close together In the setter the greater amount of hair to a certain extent condones the inherent weakness of the hair foot but in the pointer no such superiority can be claimed The main point however is the closeness of the pads compared with the thickness of the horny covering The stern value 5 must be strong in bone at the root but should at once be used in size as it leaves the body and then gradually taper to a point like a bee's sting It should be very slightly curved carried a little above the line of the back and without the slightest approach to curl at the tip Of symmetry and quality value 7 the pointer should display a goodly proportion no dog showing more difference between the gentleman and his opposite It is impossible to analyze the essentials but every judge carries knowledge with him The texture value 3 of a coat in the pointer should be soft and mellow but not absolutely silky In color value 5 there is now little choice in point of fashion between the liver and the lemon and whites After them come the black and whites with or without tan then the pure black and lastly the pure liver Dark liver ticked is perhaps the most beautiful color of all to the eye While on this question of color it may be appropriate to remark that fashion and caprice have always been consulted in awarding the palm of preference to one color over another However the liver and white dogs have been the most generally sought after taking it all through and are the most popular dogs of the present day After them come the lemon and whites and orange and whites The latter color was at one time popularized by Mr. Whitehouse whose strain Hamlet proved most excellent animals The Duke of Kingston's strain of black pointers was also at one time quite the thing among sportsmen in England and some most excellent dogs of that color are now owned in this country being largely descended from the kennels of Mr. Pope With regard to the weight of pointers it is customary in the shows in this country to separate them into two divisions dogs weighing over and under 50 pounds and bitches weighing over and under 50 pounds On this point Mr. Vero Shaw remarks as follows For old sportsmen the heavy dogs partaking as they do largely of the character of the old Spanish pointer are chiefly to be recommended as from their greater weight they are not so fast or so active in the field On the other hand there is a far greater development of pace to be found in many instances is very slightly if at all inferior to the heavier animals it may therefore we are of opinion be taken that the medium size pointers are as a rule by far more valuable as sporting dogs than either of the extremes in weight as they may be reasonably expected to combine pace and staunchness to an extent which is likely to commend itself to every sort of sportsmen It is we believe a pretty generally admitted fact that modern pointers are deficient in nose when compared with what they used to be in other words nose has been sacrificed by the almost insane importance which has been attached to pace breeders appear to have in many instances only had in view the production of an animal that can gallop and thereby cover more ground than other dogs which might be brought against them and nose has thereby suffered to a great extent with regard to breeding management and training nothing further need be added to those departments of canine lore that can be found elsewhere in this volume for the observations and instructions given on those points with a special reference to other breeds will apply with equal force to the pointer this dog is easily bred true to type is not difficult to rear and keep in a state of health and is more easily trained than any other sporting dog remembering his lessons the best this ends section six part two of two of the pointer section seven of the American book of the dog this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org the American book of the dog G.O. Shields editor section seven The Greyhound by Colonel Roger D. Williams it is not my intention to trace the history of the Greyhound from his origin through his gradual improvement and development up to the present state of perfection nor shall I repeat all the arguments that have been advanced by other riders as to the origin and the derivation of the name of this breed yet a few lines may not be in the early history the exact date of the origin of the Greyhound is unknown but representations upon Egyptian monuments tombs and obelisks prove beyond per adventure his existence over 3,000 years ago according to Hollinshed the breed was first introduced into Britain during the third century other authorities probably not as reliable claim as early as B.C. 25 Arian writing in his synagogues about A.D. 150 describes coursing in many of its details thus it will be seen that this sport is of great antiquity at least 1700 years old the early Egyptians had several breeds of dogs but the Greyhounds were evidently always their favorites they looked upon them with great veneration and the death of one of them was lamented as a misfortune with them they were considered a valuable animal and occupied a conspicuous place in their households and traditions Herodotus has recorded that when a Greyhound died all the members of the family to whom he belonged shaved their heads and the body of the dog was buried in consecrated ground in olden times none but the nobility were allowed to own Greyhounds and the killing of one under the then existing game laws was punishable with death the Gauls coursed with Greyhounds both the smooth and rough coated varieties for the pleasure and excitement of the chase the oldest coursing club we have any record of was that founded by Lord Orford at Norfolk in 1776 at the present day there are a large number in England alone the natives of Sahara Northern Africa have great love and admiration for the Greyhound no matter how useful other breeds may be in watching, hunting and so forth they are looked upon as comparatively worthless troublesome and deserving of the great amount of abuse usually heaped upon them while the rich regard the Greyhounds as fit companions for their pastimes and to the poor they prove bread or rather meat-winners therefore neither class begrudge them the best of care and attention herds of goats are often kept to feed the hounds and instances are recorded of women themselves having nursed the welps of a particularly promising litter Sir Walter Scott was a great admirer of dogs and was especially fond of the Greyhound his famous dog, Maida was presented to him by the chief of Glengarry it is said that this dog could eat from his master's table standing flat-footed he was said to be the finest specimen of the breed in Scotland not only on account of his symmetry of form but also on account of his extraordinary size and strength he had a cross of stag hound in him Scott's poem to Bonnie Heck a celebrated Greyhound will live as long as the memory of Scott himself kings and noblemen of all ranks in all ages have loved and fostered the Greyhound and have honored him with a place in their homes and by their firesides by his respect for decency his cleanliness and his dignified aspect the Greyhound sustains the exalted position he occupies and the daintiness with which he handles coarse or unclean food proclaims him the aristocrat of all canines he is full of self-love and vanity rivaling the peacock in these qualities he is much more affectionate than he generally gets credit for being and there are few passions felt by man that he does not share nor is he devoid of imagination as many suppose I have often seen an old coarser in his dreams work himself into almost a frenzy while pursuing an imaginary jackrabbit jump to his feet and then appear to feel very silly when he has found that he was merely dreaming there could be no doubt that the English, Scotch, Persian, Russian Grecian and Italian Greyhound the Irish and Siberian Wolfhound the Scotch-Dearhound and the Whippet are but varieties of the same breed Stonehenge classifies and divides the English Greyhounds into the Newmarket, Lancashire, Yorkshire and Wiltshire these however seem to amount to distinctions without differences none of the Native American dogs so far as known in any way resemble the Greyhound the Native wild dog of Australia is built on the same lines of greyhound but is nearly extinct being now rarely if ever met with in Africa India, Ceylon and other tropical countries the ordinary breeds of hunting dogs especially the pointer, the foxhound and the bloodhound deteriorate rapidly both physically and mentally losing strength and energy but such climate seems to have but little if any effect on the Greyhound these dogs seem equally at home in high altitudes being capable of great and continued exertions even as high as the Timberline in shape and form the modern Greyhound is far superior to that of olden times if we may judge by the portraits and engravings handed down to us in elegance of form the improvement has been very marked especially in the beauty of the head and neck the qualities desired in this Greyhound the handsomest of his race are speed, courage without which he is not worth kennel room, strength staunchness and endurance he must have an affectionate disposition but must also have plenty of vital force dash and spirit it is a general supposition that the Greyhound is entirely devoid of the power of scent this is a great mistake as can be attested by anyone who has hunted them generally in the west upon large game of course scent is not as well developed in the Greyhound as in other breeds because the uses to which he is put do not require scent and under the law of evolution it has deteriorated as a natural consequence on rivaled in speed and endurance these qualities have been developed in bread for while the old factory organs have been neglected by restricting the work of the dog to sight hunting size and external form of the greatest importance yet the fact that they can and do run in various sizes and forms is nevertheless generally apparent these cases of course are the exception and in making selection of stud dogs or brood-bitches it should be remembered that those formed in the mold most like the greatest number of winners for open coursing on rabbits I prefer a dog of medium size say 55 pounds because being nimble in turning he is unable to work close to the game and to rapidly run up a large score of points when once placed that a larger, more unwieldy and longer couple dog that necessarily runs wide at the turns cannot wipe out unless placed repeatedly for general use on the western plains the larger and stronger the dog the better for by his immense powers of endurance, hardy-hood and strength he brings the larger game to bay and either holds, kills or harasses it until the arrival of his master my old snow-flight standing 30 inches at shoulder weighing 100 pounds measuring 65 inches from tip to tip the hero of many a hard-fought battle on the plains and in the Rockies also winner of numerous matches and first prizes on the bench was the typical dog for this purpose the smaller dogs would stand but little show against the sharp hoofs and pointed antlers of the mule deer and buck antelope to say nothing of the glistening ivories of the gray timber-wolf who is a most formidable antagonist when run down to a death finish for an enclosed coursing meeting similar to those held by the national and eastern coursing clubs the smaller dogs have an undoubted advantage over either of the former Misterton, winner of the Waterloo Cup in 1879 the greatest sire of modern times having taken in over $20,000 in stud fees trained and ran at 63 pounds Princess Dagmar who sold at public auction for $8,000 weighed 58 pounds Kumasi, twice winner of the Waterloo Cup weighed but 42 pounds when in working condition while Honeywood raced in great form at 64 pounds Mullingar, winner of more money than any other courser is even larger than his sire Misterton among the winners and runners up at the meetings of the American Coursing Club Sandy Jim, Master Rich Lord Never Settle and Trails are large Belle P Midnight and White Sox are medium and Bessie Lee, Meida and White Lips are small Description The head should be long and narrow, slightly widening at the back, low between the eyes, however not cut away or dished along the nose, jaw lean and full muscled The eye should be bright quick and full, denoting animation. The ears should be small and carried close. The teeth should be white, strong and of sufficient length to take and retain a firm hold. Neck length and pliability are of the greatest importance and should never be overlooked. A short neck will not only impede action but pace as well. It should be well muscled but not enough so to affect its flexibility and suppleness. Chest and Loins The chest should be deep and hatchet shaped yet not too wide for the shoulders to play smoothly upon. Some authorities, Stonehenge among them, claim great depth of chest afault. This I have never found true. A chest must have capacity to hold the heart and lungs and, as with undoubtedly interferes with the movement and actions of the forequarters, in depth only can the heart and lungs get free action. The back should be broad and square, well arched with a roll of muscle standing clear above each side of the spine. Many prefer the flat straight back so popular in England at one time but for an all-around good dog at both long and short distances the arched back is far preferable. The length of back should be between shoulder and last rib rather than between last rib and hip bone. If too much length to the ladder the power to make a quick turn to the bench will be seriously interfered with. The loin should not only be wide and strong but deep, with a good measurement around. Herein lies the power to gather quickly and extend. The tail should be long and tapered and nicely curved, though not ringed. Not too coarse though it may be heavy at the butt. Forequarters. Elbow straight neither turned in nor out. The distance from the elbow to the knee should not be less than double same from knee to ground. Oblique shoulder blades to allow the legs to be well thrust forward. Shoulder musketer without being overdeveloped or loaded. Strong pastern joints well stood upon. Feet compact rather round than long. Perfectly straight knuckles well up. Toes close with long claws. So thick and tough and indurated by use. Hind quarters. The hind quarters are the chief agent in propulsion and should be strong and wide across. The stifle should be well bent. Legs set straight with no tendency to cowhawk. Mediumly well apart and short from hawk to ground with plenty of strength below the hawk. Muscles hard and firm and unless they are large and powerful in haunches and thighs both speed and endurance will be lacking. The hind feet should not be too round nor toes too upright yet this is preferable to the long flat foot that lacks elasticity and springiness. A moderately flat hind foot will be found to stand the strain better. Color and coat color I have never known to cut any figure. However I have never seen a rich red brindle that did not prove a good stare in a killing race of 3 to 5 miles. I believe it but a coincidence however that Belle P., Master Rich, Bessie Lee, Rich and Rare and Trails, winners at American Coursing Club meetings were all brindle. The mouse or blue color seems to be most in demand though the red or fawn color is oftener met with. The texture of the coat is proof of good breeding. It should be neither coarse nor fine. Should be short rather than long. Above all avoid the woolly or fur coat as it is a sure sign of a cross and generally denotes a delicate constitution besides being hard to keep clean and healthy. The following are the relative values of points in judgment range. The improvement of the greyhound in this country within the past 2 or 3 years has been very marked and nowhere is it better demonstrated than at the meetings of the American Coursing Club. I predict that within 10 years the fabulous prizes realized in England will be duplicated here. RF Walsh of London in a recent letter to the Philadelphia Times however gives some startling figures in connection with greyhounds. He states that over 1 million pounds is paid at long odds on the long odds chances of the Waterloo Cup. In Ireland refused 1,000 pounds for Willful King when but a puppy. Mr Gladstone was offered 6,500 pounds for a promising puppy and Mr Cross, owner of Quibono often paid as high as 2,000 pounds for a good greyhound. Training. The successful breeding and training of a kennel of greyhounds is a precarious matter requiring in unlimited quantities, capital costs, coupled with firmness and judgment and a large fund of love for the dog. Unfortunately many men, though possessing many good qualities, do not number among them a due consideration for their canine friends. They are apt to think that anything is good enough for a dog, either in the way of food, shelter or bedding. This is a serious error. Anything that is unfit for a human being is a good dog. Exercise is as necessary to a greyhound's health and spirits as sufficient food itself is to other breeds. Almost invariably proper exercise is denied them. They should be constantly in the open air or should have access to same and should not be injured by the restraints of a kennel or innervated by the heat of a close room or fire. In preparing a dog for a certain meeting or a special event he should be specially taken in hand not less than four weeks in advance and if he has not had sufficient active and regular work previously to keep his muscles hard and his flesh down, five weeks will be necessary. The first point to be ascertained is the general health of the dog and he should be watched carefully and closely for a few days. To ensure his being free from worms, after a four-hour fast he should be given a pill of 30 grains of Arecanut or four grains of Santanine followed two hours later with a dose of castor oil. See that he's entirely free of vermin, eximum and sores of all kinds, never trust and attended to feed for you. See personally every mouthful the dog eats. It is the constant watchfulness of a dog's every movement, action and mood that denotes a pro trainer. The result to be obtained should come from proper feeding, quality and not quantity of food being the end to be considered. No rules as to the quantity of food can be given, as dogs vary too much in their demands. The too rapid increase or decrease of flesh should regulate this. I do not believe in the sloppy food and stir abouts containing oat and cornmeal so highly recommended but prefer slightly cooked beef with table scraps containing where possible vegetables and bread. The bowels can be kept in proper condition by an occasional feed of Sprats Greyhound Biscuits and where these cannot be had cornbread with cracklings baked hard and brown will be found a cheap and excellent substitute. If very constipated boiled liver should be given in preference to harsh medicines. If the dog will eat it raw its laxative powers will be found more beneficial in this state.  A couple of raw eggs once or twice a week can be given especially should the coat feel rough and be lacking in gloss. During the first few days of training the dog should be taught obedience and this I have always found properly and rendered. He should be taught to come to heal and remain and to range forward when ordered. It is absolutely necessary that he be taught to fence fearlessly and to jump in and out of vehicles at command. Strict attention to this will save much trouble and worry later on. Never punish a Greyhound unnecessarily and never at all unless he understands thoroughly what it is for. When once thoroughly under command so rarely requiring punishment. In this respect being unlike other dogs that are credited with more sense. The first day the trainer mounted on horseback or in a vehicle should after feeding a biscuit have the dog if too they should be coupled with swivel couples follow him a distance of five miles taking a moderate gait avoiding turnpikes and mechanized roads where possible. Upon return to the kennels the feet and legs should be thoroughly washed and dried and minutely inspected. Then well bathed in listerine some use tannic acid and glycerin. The objection to this is that it hardens the pad of the foot which thereby loses its toughness and causes it to crack. The entire body should then be well rubbed and frictioned by the hand never against the grain. The muscles of the thighs shoulders four legs and loins should be well needed and manipulated for not less than thirty minutes each day. On the second day the run may be increased to ten miles followed promptly by the same treatment upon return to the kennel. From this on the distance can be increased a mile daily until at the commencement of the third week he can do twenty miles a day with no signs of being sore footed or stiff. This work should get his muscles in proper condition and remove all superfluous flesh inside and outside. At this stage speed to a certain extent must be sacrificed to lasting qualities and stamina and training should be conducted so as to develop the general muscular powers especially in the hard and lungs. Care should be taken however not to force beyond his capacity or to overwork a young dog as the aim will be attained at a sacrifice of durability with diminished strength of constitution. During the last week the distance can be cut down gradually to a couple of miles daily until the day before the event a simple gallop across the turf should find him in a high state of efficiency as to wind and power to sustain fatigue. During this training if the dog has never before been slipped upon jackrabbits he should have from these being slipped with a single good worker willing and capable of doing his share. If you want a true and honest worker do not work him on too many jacks and never in a crowd of dogs as he will soon learn to run cunning thereby ruining his chance as a stake-winner. For the habit once acquired is seldom overcome. Never blanket your dog during training if it can be avoided but have blankets at hand in case of cold or wet weather during the meeting. Working a dog under blankets to reduce flesh is more injurious than beneficial. The better plan is to increase his work and change the quality not the quantity of his food. The day of the running the dog should be kept muzzled. Two or three hours before going to the slips feed one quarter pound of raw meat chopped fine with an egg broken feed nothing more till night see that the dog has an opportunity to relieve his bowels. While in the slips stay close to him and watch carefully for any signs of his having picked up a sandbur prickly pear or cactus and in case he does so it should be promptly removed. If he shows any indication of a desire to relieve himself see that the slipper indulges him this is important. Encourage him with your presence and do all you legitimately can to see that he is sighted promptly. Spare no pains or expense in getting a good mount and keep as close as possible to him during the course. After the kill take him up at once sponge out his mouth give him a few swallows of water from a bottle and rub gently yet firmly until natural breathing returns. If very much exhausted a little cold coffee may be given him from a bottle. Blanket close and keep moving briskly out of draft. After a course wash and examine the stoppers do claws nails and feet thoroughly. When a nail or claw is partly detached trim it neatly with sharp scissors, bathe thoroughly in listerine and before going to the slips for another course rub with deaden the pain. Should the stoppers be injured make a light cap or patch with soft kit and apply with warm shoemakers wax. This is far preferable to the boot as not interfering with the movement and action of the legs.  While it undoubtedly stiffens the muscles temporarily the custom is a barbarous one seldom effective and the after results disastrous. Try the effect of complete rest rubbing and bathing freely in pawns extract. Never under any circumstances dispute the decision of a judge. It is time wasted. If you are satisfied you are not getting justice draw your dog. If the dog is to be trained for track or flat racing the same treatment should be given with the following exceptions. Limit the maximum distances to fifteen miles a day and at the commencement of the second week take a pair of well-made dogs to a level stretch of country or better still a race or trotting track. Place them at the head of the quarter or home stretch in independent slips handled by an attendant with whom they are not familiar. Engage and retain their attention as you walk off say a furlong. Flourish a red flag call them sharply and as soon as both are well-sighted have the attendant slip them. When they reach you show your appreciation of their smartness encourage them, ped and fondle them give each a small bit of biscuit. This should be repeated several times night and morning taking care to stop as soon as they show the first signs of making interest. The distance can be gradually increased daily as desired. Should one of the pair show a disposition to bite, play with or jostle his mate slip the faster dog a second or two sooner. Should the faster dog be the offender a spiked caller on the other will soon teach him better manners. You will be astonished to find how rapidly they learn and what genuine interest they take in this sport. In preparing for the bench the foregoing instructions for training should be followed as nearly as possible. But as there are many who probably have not such facilities to them I say give all the exercise you possibly can teach your dog to retrieve a swiftly thrown ball have him follow you as much as possible and train him to jump a cane stick or umbrella and indulge him in it to the fullest extent for he will soon become fond of it. Rub, knead and roll all his muscles a half hour at a time and not less than three times a day. Brush briskly with a stiff hairbrush and finish off with a soft chamois skin. Clean his teeth thoroughly removing all discolorations. Give several good dressings to his coat with oil of tar and sulfur followed by bath in tepid water using the yelks of eggs instead of soap. Keep blanketed when not exercising. Feed as many eggs as his stomach will stand without becoming bilious and let him lap a pint of milk daily. Teach him to lead kindly with the chain and to stand perfectly still with head and neck extended feed and leg straight and well under him. Do not feed for 24 hours previous to judging. A few minutes before taking into the judge's ring however give a small piece of raw beef say the size of two fingers. While in the ring do not crowd your dog up close to the judge but get as far away as the ring will permit. If he is a good one the judge will never overlook him. If the sawdust in the ring is deep clear a space that his feet and toes may be seen. If you do not succeed in getting his muscles hard and firm, stomach off and body devoid of surplus flesh forfeit your entrance money and keep him at home. When showing on the bench ascertain the location of the nearest vacant lot or park to the exhibition building and give him a good long romp of not less than an hour daily. If unaccustomed to the patent biscuits usually fed at bench shows feed on lean beef or mutton. If these instructions are carried out faithfully the condition of your dog will remain good for several weeks otherwise the close of the first show on the circuit will find him a physical wreck. When at home between dates of shows keep up his work even if it be only for a few days. Care and Washing Greyhounds are naturally cleanly and require but little washing. When necessary, never before make a solution of one part sheep-tip to fifteen parts lukewarm water. Never use hot water on a dog under any circumstances. Soak thoroughly, rubbing well in with the hand, being careful of the eyes. Follow this immediately with a mild soap. Bait and finish up by lathering freely with the yolks of several eggs. Drench with cold water and rub thoroughly dry. No dog subjected to this treatment regularly will ever be troubled with vermin, eczema or mange in any of its forms. If persisted in it will cure the worst case of chronic mange that can be found. As before stated the digestive canal of the dog is particularly irritable and very sensitive to the action of medicines. Therefore give as little medicine as possible. When medicine must be given it should be administered with caution in homeopathic doses. Rather give him access to a woodland or garden once or twice a day and he will find nature's remedies for his ailments. Food The greyhound is seldom a glutton and naturally requires but little food except when in training. Once in twenty-four hours is as often as he should be fed and a fast of forty-eight hours causes no inconvenience. Avoid grease and fatty substances. While boiled cornmeal is a most excellent food for the average dog especially the foxhound it should be rarely if ever given to a greyhound. It is very heating in its nature. Greyhounds are especially susceptible to skin diseases and if they do not get an abundance of exercise while fed upon mush will break out in troublesome sores and eczema. For a steady diet table scraps containing bone occasional meal of vegetables will keep them in excellent condition. Never give them any food until it is perfectly cold and where possible have a regular hour for feeding late in the afternoon being the best time. The kennels should be dry and well ventilated with an elevated sleeping bench with circulation of air under it. No bedding at all in summer and hemp herds in winter. These remain free of vermin and moisture and preserve the gloss of a dog's coat. I have here advocated the simpler, cheaper and more practical methods of training, showing and rearing greyhounds. I am fully aware that many of the swell owners who dressed their imported greyhound pets in costly blankets feed them high-priced patten foods wash them with scented soaps and have a valet walk them through the parks will turn up their noses at these instructions. But whenever their pets meet dogs that have been treated as I have directed, either on the bench or in the field, the difference will be as glaringly apparent to their owners as to others. Breeding and Rearing In the breeding of bitches and rearing of whelps the same rules apply to greyhounds as to other breeds. I have often had greyhound bitches especially the younger ones refuse to allow the dog to serve them although fully in heat. It is common to use force upon such occasions. This should never be allowed. But repeated trials should be made. Nature will regulate the matter finally.  She should not be allowed to get too heavy in flesh, nor yet kept too thin. A medium between the two should be maintained. Remove the dew claws on puppies when one week old, pulling them off with pincers. It will be unattended with pain.   After weaning the puppy should be fed three or four times a day, not less and should be given bones to gnaw. If there not be plenty of limestone in the water used a little phosphate of lime sprinkled on their food once a day will strengthen and enlarge their bones thereby preventing standing over or springing of the knees so common in young Greyhounds. The enclosed coursing meetings recently introduced into this country and rapidly becoming popular will do much to increase the popularity of the Greyhound and awaken interest in coursing in the Middle and Eastern States. At the same time they will have a tendency to destroy some of the best and strongest qualities of this breed such as stamina and staying qualities. I predict that it will be but a short time comparatively until a weak light specimen of the Whippet Order capable of a fast short spurt will be much sought after while the great game animal with the heart and courage of a lion capable of keeping up his speed to the end of a bruising four or five mile course will be confined to the open meetings of the far west. Great credit is due the following gentlemen, among others, for their untiring efforts in advancing the Greyhound interests in America. Mr. H.W. Huntington, New York Dr. Q. Van Hummel, Kansas City Montgomery Fister, Cincinnati Dr. N. Rowe, Chicago Dr. G. Irwin Royce D. N. Heiser M. E. Allison H. C. Lowe, Kansas A. C. Lighthall, Denver and C. G. Page, Nebraska Among other prominent breeders or owners of Greyhounds may be mentioned in the Devon Kennels 82 Front Street, New York City Alpine Kennels 38th Street and 1st Avenue, New York City J. Herbert Watson 79 Downey Street, Brooklyn, New York John E. Thayer, Lancaster, Massachusetts J. Van Shaik, 32 Broad Street, New York City Woodhaven Kennels, Woodhaven, Long Island, New York Mrs. Sarah Leggett Emery, 253 5th Avenue, New York City F. G. Stewart, Box 83, Housick Falls, New York W. E. Stevens, Riverside, Illinois Frank Welch, Box 172, Lamont, Illinois A. M. Young, 93 Park Street, Albany, Indiana Ed G. Howell, Denver, Colorado D. H. Stein, Newport, Kentucky and Middleton Kennels, Cassopolis, Michigan Among the many good dogs which Mr. Huntington has imported or bred may be mentioned Champion Balkus, a large, upstanding, well-built dog and a famous bench-show winner both in this country and in England His winnings in America are First and Special, Hartford, 1887 First and Special, Boston, 1887 First and Special, Troy, 1888 Champion and Special, New York, 1888 Champion New Haven, 1888 Champion Boston, 1888 Champion and Special, Buffalo, 1888 Champion and Special, Syracuse, 1888 Champion, New Bedford, 1889 Champion and Special, New York, 1889 Challenge, Troy, 1889 Challenge, Albany, 1889 Challenge, Utica, 1889 Challenge, Worcester, 1889 Special Challenge, Boston, 1889 Challenge, Toronto, 1889 First, Danbury, 1889 One Special, Danbury and two Specials, Toronto, 1889 Challenge, New York, 1890 Challenge, Boston, 1890 Challenge, Buffalo, 1890 Mr. Huntington's Highland Chief is a handsome white and black dog and though only three years old has the following winnings to his credit First Special and Second Special, Syracuse, 1888 First Richmond, 1888 First and Special, New Bedford, 1889 Special, New York, 1889 First, Troy, 1889 First, Albany, 1889 First and Special, Utica, 1889 First, Special, Chicago, 1890 Special Challenge, New York, 1890 Third and Special, Buffalo, 1888 Third, New York, 1889 Among Mr. Allison's best dogs are Champion Sandy Jim, 5337 who won first at Great Bend in 1886 and first in all age stakes at same meeting Reno Bell, 5342 runner-up in championship stake at same meeting is the mother of Sandy Jim Terry, litter brother of Sandy Jim was runner-up in the all age stake at the same meeting Mr. H. C. Lowe's White Lips is a remarkably clever bitch She has seldom been exhibited at bench shows in this country but has done some good work at coursing meets and has an excellent record for fieldwork on antelopes, wolves and jackrabbits I consider her one of the quickest and closest workers on jackrabbits I have ever seen and nothing but force of circumstances held her down to the position of runner-up in the American Cup Race in both 1888 and 1889 A general impression prevails that the greyhound is a timid animal lacking heart and courage This may be true of some strains of the breed but could the reader have ridden several courses with me at meetings of the American Coursing Club which I have judged and have seen greyhounds as I have seen them run until their hind legs refuse to propel them farther and then crawl on their breasts after a thoroughly used-up jackrabbit but a few feet in advance the singing and whistling in their throats audible at fifty yards literally in the last gasp of death trying to reach their prey he or she would agree with me in crediting them with both the qualities mentioned In hunting the antelope it is not an uncommon thing to see a greyhound especially in hot weather continue the chase until he drops and dies before his master reaches him An uninjured antelope is capable of giving any greyhound all the work he can stand and unless the latter is in prime condition his chances are poor indeed to throttle A peculiar feature of the greyhound is that he always attacks large game in the throat, head or fore part of the body I have even seen them leave the line of the jackrabbit to get at his throat Old California Joe, at one time chief of scouts with General Custer in 1875 owned a grand specimen of the greyhound called Kentuck presented to him by General Custer I saw this dog seize and throw a yearling bull buffalo and the former was then dragged on his back over rough stones trampled and pawed until his ears were split, two ribs broken and neck and foreshoulders frightfully cut and lacerated yet he never released his hold until a sharps rifle bullet through the heart of the buffalo ended the unequal struggle talk about a lack of courage What mastiff, bulldog or great dane could excel in courage old Kentuck I have seen many a greyhound, single-handed and alone, overhaul and tackle a coyote and in a pack have seen them close in and take hold of a timber wolf or mountain lion and stay through the fight coming out bleeding and quivering with hardly a whole skin among them Sir Samuel Baker in his explorations in Africa and his jungle hunting in Ceylon was always accompanied by a pack of greyhounds and the deeds of Valor performed by them on wild game as recounted by him proved their courage beyond doubt in point of speed, courage, fortitude, endurance, sagacity and fine almost human judgment no grander animal lives than the greyhound he knows no fear he turns from no game animal on which he is sighted no matter how large or how ferocious he pursues with the speed of the wind ceases the instant he comes up with the game and stays in the fight until either he or the quarry is dead the following revised rules have been adopted as the standard for American coursing and any one training greyhound should be perfectly familiar with them in all their details one, the judge shall be appointed the night the drawing takes place the slipper and other field officials shall also be appointed on the night of the draw two, two weeks notice shall be given of the day of the drawing through the public press three, the drawing shall take place at least three days previous to the running when the time and place of putting the first brace of dogs into the slip shall be declared a card or counter bearing a corresponding number shall be assigned to each entry these numbered cards or counters shall then be placed together and drawn indiscriminately this classification once made shall not be disturbed throughout the meeting except for the purpose of guarding or on account of buys dogs whose position on the cars has been altered in consequence of guarding or of buys must return to their original position in the next round if guarding does not prevent it four, guarding when more than one nomination in a stake is taken in one name the greyhounds if bonafide the property of the same owner shall be guarded throughout this is always to be arranged as far as possible by bringing up the dogs from below to meet those which are to be guarded this guarding is not however to deprive any dog of a natural buy to which he may be entitled either in the draw or in running through the stake five, buys a natural buy shall be given to the lowest available dog in each round no dog shall run a second such buy in any stake unless it is unavoidable when a dog is entitled to a buy either natural or accidental his owner or nominator may run any greyhound he pleases to assist in the course provided always that in sapling stakes only a sapling may be used and in puppy stakes none older than a puppy but if it be proven to the satisfaction of the stewards that no puppy can be found to run an accidental buy the owner shall have the power of substituting an old dog no dog shall run any buy earlier than his position on the card entitles him to do so the judge shall decide whether enough has been done to constitute a course or whether it must be run again if at the commencement of any round in a stake one dog in each course has a buy those buys shall not be run but the dog shall take their places for the next round as if the buys had been run six, postponement of a meeting a meeting appointed to take place on a certain day may if a majority of the committee and the stewards if appointed consider the weather unfavorable for coursing be postponed from day to day but if the running does not commence within the current week all nominations shall be void and the expenses shall be paid by the subscribers in proportion to the number of nominations taken by each in the case of produce stakes however the original entry shall continue binding a meeting is held at a later period of the season seven taking dogs to the slips every dog must be brought to the slips in proper turn without delay under a penalty of five dollars if absent for more than ten minutes according to the report of any one of the stewards its opponent shall be entitled to claim the course and shall in that case run a buy if both dogs be absent at the expiration of ten minutes the stewards shall have power to disqualify both dogs or to find their owners any some not exceeding twenty five dollars each no dog shall be put into the slips for a deciding course until thirty minutes after the decision of the course in the previous round without the consent of its owners eight control of dogs in slips the control of all matters connected with slipping the greyhounds shall rest with the stewards of a meeting owners or servants after delivering their dogs into the hands of the slipper may follow close after them but not so close as to inconvenience the slipper or in any way interfere with the dogs nor must they hellu them on while running under a penalty of five dollars any greyhound found to be beyond control may be loosed out of the slips and the course decided by the rules of the club nine greyhounds of same color to wear collars when two greyhounds drawn together are of the same color they shall each wear a collar and the owner shall be subject to a penalty of one dollar for non-observance of this rule the collar to be read for the left hand side and white for the right hand side of the slips after the first round the upper dog on the card for the day will be placed on the left hand and the lower dog on the right of the slips ten the order to slip may be given by the judge or by a slip steward or the stewards of a meeting may leave the slip to the sole discretion of the slipper the length of slip must necessarily vary with the nature of the ground but should never be less than 80 yards and must be maintained of one uniform length as far as possible through each stake eleven the slipper when one greyhound gets out of the slips the slipper shall not let the other go in the case of slips breaking and either or both dogs getting away in consequence the slipper may call both dogs back and put them again in the slips at the discretion of the stewards twelve the judge shall be subject to the general rules which may be established by the American coursing club for his guidance he shall, on the termination of each course, immediately deliver his decision aloud and shall not recall or reverse his decision on any pretext whatever after it has been declared but no decision shall be delivered until the judge is perfectly satisfied that the course is absolutely terminated thirteen the judge shall decide all courses upon the one uniform principle that the greyhound which does the most toward killing the hare during the continuance of the course is to be declared the winner the principle is to be carried out by estimating the value of the work done by each greyhound as seen by him upon a balance of points according to the scale hereafter laid down from which also are to be deducted certain specified allowances and penalties all races to be run by courses fourteen the points of the courses are a. speed shall be estimated as one two or three points according to the degree of superiority shown c. definition a below b. the go-by two points or if gained on the outer circle three points c. the turn one point d. the wrench half a point e. the kill two points or in a descending scale in proportion to the degree of merit displayed in that kill which may be of no value f. the trip one point definition of points a. in estimating the value of speed to the hare the judge must take into account the several forms in which it may be displayed namely one where in the run-up a clear lead is gained by one of the dogs in which case one two or three points may be given according to the length of the lead apart from the score for a turn or wrench in awarding these points the judge shall take into consideration the merit of a lead obtained by a dog which has lost ground at the start either from being unsighted or from a bad slip or which has had to run the outer circle two when one greyhound leads the other so long as the hare runs straight but loses the lead from her bending round decidedly in favor of the slower dog of her own accord in which case the one greyhound shall score one point for speed shown and the other dog shall score one for first turn three under no circumstances is speed without subsequent work to be allowed to decide a course except where great superiority is shown by one greyhound over another in a long lead to covert if a dog after gaining the first six points still keeps possession of the hare by superior speed he shall have doubled the prescribed allowance for the subsequent points made before his opponent begins to score B. The go-by is where one greyhound starts a clear length behind his opponent and yet passes him in a straight run and gets a clear length before him C. The turn is where the hare is brought round at not less than a right angle from her previous line D. The wrench is where the hare is bent from her line at less than a right angle but where she only leaves her line to suit herself and not from the greyhound pressing her nothing is to be allowed. E. The merit of a kill must be estimated according to whether a greyhound by his own superior dash and skill bears the hare whether he picks her up through any little accidental circumstances favoring him or whether she has turned into his mouth as it were by the other greyhound F. The trip, or an unsuccessful effort to kill, is where the hare is thrown off her legs or where a greyhound catches her but cannot hold her 15. The following allowances shall be made for accidents to a greyhound during a course but in every case they shall only be deducted from the other dog's score A. For losing ground at the start, either from being unsighted or from a bad slip the judge is to decide what amount of allowances to be made on the principle that the score of the foremost dog is not to begin until the second has had an opportunity of joining in the course B. Where a hare bears very decidedly in disfavor of one of the dogs after the first or subsequent turns the next point shall not be scored by the dog which may be unduly favored or only half his point allowed according to circumstances No greyhound shall receive any allowances for a fall or any accident of any description whatever with the exception of being ridden over by the owner of the competing greyhound or a servant provided for by Rule 25 or when pressing the hare in which case his opponent shall not count the next point made 16. Penalties are as follows A. Where a greyhound from his own defect refuses to follow the hare at which he has slipped he shall lose the course B. Where a greyhound willfully stands still in a course or departs from directly pursuing the hare no point subsequently made by him shall be scored and if the points made by him up to that time be just equal to those made by his antagonist in the whole course he shall thereby lose the course but where one or both dogs stop with the hare in view through inability to continue the course it shall be decided according to the number of points gained by each dog during the whole course C. If a dog refuses to fence where the other fences any points subsequently made by him are not scored but if he does his best to fence and is foiled by sticking in a hedge the core shall end there when the points are equal the superior fencer shall win the course 17. If a second hare be started during the course and one of the dogs follows her the core shall end there 18. A no course is when by accident or by the shortness of the course the dogs are not tried together and if one be then drawn the other must run a by unless the judge I'm being appealed to shall decide that he has done work enough to be exempted from it an undecided course is where the judge considers the merits of the dogs equal and if either is then drawn the other cannot be required to run a by but the owners must at the time declare which dog remains in C. Rule 21 the judge shall signify the distinction between a no course and an undecided by taking off his hat in the latter case only after an undecided or no course if the dogs before being taken up get on another or the same hare the judge must follow and shall decide in favor of one if he considers that there has been a sufficient trial to justify his doing so a no course or undecided may be run again immediately or if claimed on behalf of both dogs before the next brace are put into the slips or in the case of no course if so ordered by the judge otherwise it shall be run again after the two next courses unless it stand over to the next morning when it shall be the first course run if it is the last course of the day 15 minutes shall be allowed after both dogs are taken up 19. Impuning judge if any person openly impunes the decision of the judge on the ground he shall forfeit not more than $25 nor less than $10 20. Objections an objection to a greyhound may be made to any one of the stewards of a meeting at any time before the stakes are paid over upon the objector lodging in the hand of such steward or the secretary the sum of $25 which shall be forfeited if the objection proves frivolous or if he shall not bring the case before the next meeting of the club or give notice to the stewards previous hitherto of his intention to withdraw his objection the owner of the greyhound objected to must also deposit $25 and prove the correctness of his entry all expenses in consequence of the objection shall be borne by the party against whom the decision may be given should an objection be made which cannot at the time be substantiated or disproved the greyhound may be allowed to run under protest the stewards retaining his winnings until the objection has been withdrawn or heard and decided if the greyhound objected to be disqualified the amount to which he would otherwise have been entitled shall be divided equally among the dogs beaten by him and if a piece of plate or price has been added and won by him only the dogs which he beat in the several rounds shall have a right to contend for it 21. Withdrawal of a dog if a dog be withdrawn from any stake on the field its owner or someone having his authority must at once give notice to the secretary or flag steward if the dog belongs to either of these officials the notice must be given to the other 22. Stakes not run out when two greyhounds remain in for the deciding course the stake shall be considered divided if they belong to the same owner or to confederates and also if the owner of one of the two dogs induces the owner of the other to draw him for any payment or consideration but if one of the two be drawn without payment or consideration from lameness or from any cause clearly affecting his chance of winning the other may be declared the winner the facts of the case being clearly proved to the satisfaction of the stewards the same rule shall apply when more than two dogs remain in at the end of a stake which is not run out and in the case of a division between three or more dogs of which two or more belong to the same owner these latter shall be held to take equal shares of the total amount received by their owners in the division the terms of any arrangements to divide the winnings and the amounts of any money given to induce the owner of a dog to draw him must be declared by the secretary 23. Winners of Stakes Running Together if two greyhounds shall each win a stake and have to run together for a final prize or challenge cup should they not have run an equal number of ties in their respective stakes the greyhound which has run the smaller number of courses must run a buy or buys to put itself upon an equality in this respect with its opponent 24. Greyhound Getting Loose any person allowing a greyhound to get loose and to join in a course which is being run shall be fined five dollars if the loose greyhound belong to either of the owners of the dogs engaged in the particular course such owner shall forfeit his chance of the stake with their dog then running unless he can prove to the satisfaction of the stewards that he had not been able to get the loose greyhound taken up after running its own course the course is not to be considered as necessarily ended when a third dog joins in 25. Riding Over a Greyhound if any subscriber or his servant shall ride over his opponent's greyhound while running in a course the owners of the dog so ridden over shall although the course be given against him be deemed the winner of it or shall have the option of allowing the other dog to remain and to run out the stake and in such case shall be entitled to half the winnings if any 26. Description of Entry every subscriber to a stake must name his dog at or before the entry giving the names the running names if they had any of the sire and dam of the dog entered if possible with the color of the dog entered for puppy stakes the names pedigrees ages and colors shall be detailed in writing to the secretary of a meeting at the time of entry no greyhound is to be considered a puppy which has welped before the first of January of the same year proceeding the commencement of the season of running a sapling is a greyhound welped on or after the first of January of the same year in which the season of running commenced and any greyhound whose marks and pedigrees shall be proved not to correspond with the entry given shall be disqualified and the whole of its stakes or winnings forfeited 27. Breeding Puppies every member of the club breeding puppy shall notify the secretary in writing within ten days after the birth of any puppies of the number of dogs and bitches colors and other distinguishing marks date of birth and the name of sire and dam any member violating this rule will not be allowed to enter or run any of such puppies in a puppy or sapling stake 28. Alteration of Name if any subscriber should enter a greyhound by a different name from that in which it shall have last run in public he shall give notice of the alteration to the secretary at the time of entry and the secretary shall place on the card both the late and present name of the dog if notice of the alteration be not given the dog shall be disqualified 29. Prefix of Ends any subscriber taking an entry in a stake and not prefixing the word names ends to a greyhound which is not his own property shall forfeit that greyhound's chance of the stake he shall likewise if requested deliver in writing to the secretary of the meeting the name of the bona fide owner of the greyhound named by him and this communication is to be produced should any dispute arise in the matter 30. Payment of Stakes all monies due for nominations taken must be paid at or before the entry whether the stakes fill or not and although from insufficient description or any other cause the dogs named may be disqualified no entry shall be valid unless the amount due for it has been paid in full for all produce and other stakes where a forfeit is payable no declaration is necessary the non-payment of the remainder of the entry money at the time fixed for that purpose is to be considered a declaration of forfeit the secretary is to be responsible for the entrance money of all dogs whose names appear upon the card 31. Defaulters no one shall be allowed to enter or run a greyhound in his own or any other persons name who is a defaulter for either stakes, bets, dues, or fines 32. Judge judge or slipper interested if a judge or slipper be in any way interested in a greyhound running the steward shall appoint others to judge or slip any course which that greyhound may run end of section 7