and I say that B is left to or two places left to C. You can choose any place for B. For first person any place can be chosen. So B is second to the left of C. So C is the reference. This C is facing center. Now what is the left? Left of C would always be the clockwise direction. So always remember that in circular arrangement, circular arrangement when people are facing center then left is clockwise movement and right is anti-clockwise.  So two places means this is adjacent. Adjacent means the place which is exactly near to the person. Two places means one, two. So here at second place in the clockwise direction I will place B and this is how I'll start placing people. How many of you understood in circular arrangement how you have to start placing people? How many of you understood that? Yes Shivangi go ahead. Just please explain the arrangement once again. Please explain just the arrangement part once again. Okay fine. So Shivangi what I'm saying is you have to look at two things. You have to look at the persons. So it is the information about C and B. So B is second to the left of C. So reference is C. First I'll place C and then B would be second to the left of C. So then I will decide that which direction is left. So if C is facing center, left of C would be clockwise direction, something like this. So I will leave one place and at second place I will put B here. So if C is here and B is here, my information of C, B is second to the left of C is taken care of. Do you understand Shivangi? Yes sir. Okay. Megha, Shahu and Keshav. What happened why are you guys just joining late? That to 12 minutes late? Sir I was left due to network issue. I was on joint earlier also. Okay. Keshav what about you? Guys please join at time. It just breaks the momentum of the class. I'm just requesting all of you. Okay fine. So now I will solve this particular question, circular arrangement question for you so that you can have or do you want to try it first and then I should solve? What do you want? I should solve this question to show you how the arrangement is done or you will do it yourself. Okay you want to try? Okay great. Even if you are getting it wrong that's not absolutely not. We are in a phase of understanding few things. So just try it and then I'll give you my method to solve this question and then we can proceed ahead. Is that okay? Okay great. So take two to how many questions? There's just one question here on the screen. Next three questions I'll show later. So you take three minutes maximum, two to three minutes to solve these questions. Okay all of you are giving options C. Okay should I solve this question? Now or anyone needs more time? I don't think so. People are okay. Let me solve this question. So I'm making this circle again. Follow the information given below for question one to four. Okay great. We will follow. Six girls are sitting in a circle facing to the center of the circle. So one two three four and five six and the name of the girls are given as randomly as PQR is TV. T is not between Q and S but some other one. P is next to the left of V. So this is V and because they are facing center P would be here. R is fourth to the right of P. So if R is fourth to the right of P. So what is right? Right means go in anticlockwise direction. So one two three four. So this here comes R. Now please understand. Please understand. It has been given that T is not between Q and S. So where should I put Q and S? T is not between Q and S. Then it is very much clear that Q and S are not adjacent. Do you understand this? No I am understanding what you are saying. What logic I'm trying to make is if Q if T is not between Q and S this statement gives me an idea that Q and S are not sitting adjacent. So these two places cannot be given to Q and S adjacent places. So if these two places cannot be given to Q and S then Q would be here and S would be here or S would be here and Q would be here. Then this place goes to I have P, Q, R, S. So this place goes to T. Now why I am making these two places Q and S or S and Q? Because it has not been given that Q is to the left of S or S is to the left of Q. No relative information between Q and S has been given. Sir? Yes? Sir here I don't understand why I didn't give my Q and S to the left side in the T position. Yes sir. One second. I will remove it. Suppose I take Q and S here. So if I take Q and S here then look here, it is written that T is not between Q and S but some other one. So who came in between A, Q and S? Who is some other one? Sir, T is some other one. Here one statement is written that T is not between Q and S but some other one. This means that there is only one person between Q and S. Is that what it means? Yes sir. Okay. Do you understand what I am saying? I am saying that there is no T between Q and S. Someone else has been sitting. This means that there is no one between Q and S. Yes Tia. Go ahead. Tia. Sir. No, your voice is not there. I didn't hear you. Your voice is breaking. Yes someone else was asking question. What is your question? Sir, for locating R sir, we need to include P also. R is fourth to the right of P. So 1, 2, 3, 4. No. Fourth means this is the first place, this is the second place, this is the third place, this is the fourth place. Okay sir, understood. Okay. Yes sir. Yes sir. Yes. Sir, there is something between them. Sir, I am saying that there is no Q and S here. There is no Q and S here. Now there are only two places left to include Q and S here and here. So if I keep Q here, then S will go here. And if I keep S here, then Q will go here. So for whom is this place left? For T. Yes sir. Yes sir. And why am I putting this on two places? Because I don't know why it is in the left or right of S. This information is not given in the question yet. So I have to make two arrangements. In the first arrangement, why do I keep Q here and then I keep S here. And then I know that if I keep S here, then why do I keep Q here in the second arrangement?  Yes, no. Any doubt? Yes sir. Any doubt? Anyone? Do you guys have any doubt? No sir. No sir. Okay. Fine. So now let's go and find out which of the following statement is not true. Okay. Why can't there be an interchange between S and Q? I have made it by doing the interchange. Yes sir. So I mean, there won't be any problem. Sorry? There won't be any problem during the question-solving. During the question-solving? There won't be any problem during the question-solving. Problem kya hogi? Just give me a moment. Let me read the question. Which of the following statement is not true? S is next to the right of R. S is just next to the right of R. T is just one second. T is just next to the right of V. T is just next to the right of V. You are going in clockwise direction. This is correct. R is second to the left of T. R is second to the left of T. No. R is second to the right of T. So option C is incorrect.  Rest all statements can be correct. This statement is definitely correct. Incorrect.  R is second to the right of T. Here it has been given. R is second to the left of T. So definitely wrong it is. See, please understand this question carefully. In this question, places of Q and S, I don't know where exact places. I know that Q and S are at these two places. So information related to this, I am considering to be partially correct and partially incorrect. But there would be few information about the positions of other four people. T, V, P, R. There is no confusion where these people, P, V, T, R would be sitting. So any information which is contradicting the places of or relative places of these four people, according to the arrangement shown here, if it is contradicting that would be definitely incorrect. That would be not true definitely. And I will select that answer. So S and R, I'm not looking at it. This can be correct. So you cannot say this is correct or incorrect. So I'm not looking at this. There is, certainty is not here in this answer. T is just next to V. There is certainty which is correct. R is second to the left of T. This is definitely certainty is there. And this is definitely wrong because the person is to the right, not to the left. And that is why the option is C. Do you understand this? Yes, no. Yes, sir. So do you understand how to solve these questions? Yes. Yes, sir. Right is anti-clockwise. Ruchi. And left is clockwise. Did you understand the logic I was making? Did you understand why I took two places for Q and S? Yes, first of all, you answer these questions of mine. Yes, sir. Yes, sir, I got it. Now my question is, is there anyone who has a tinge of doubt remaining that why this happened? I could have asked or you are not asking, you are shy or something like that. Can you tell me please? Anyone? Sirs and madams. Sirs and madams. Chote bachon. Chote bachon bhi nahi. Boa chote bachon. Bolo. Hey. Kisi ko doubt nahi hai. Boa badia. Chalo. Next question. So ye arrangement se nahi reha hi. Next three questions miss. Same arrangement laga nahi. Ye question sol kero. Ye question sol kero. Hey, how come south direction comes in circle? Circle there is no north, no south. Circle everyone is facing center. If they are facing center, clockwise is left, anti-clockwise is right. There is no north, north, south in circular motion. North, south all these things comes in only linear, not circular motion, circular arrangement. I am getting too much into physics. North, south comes into linear arrangement. I'm coming to that.  Tanmeh sahu. Just look at here. If they face center, this is left which is clockwise and this is right which is anti-clockwise. If they're not facing center, so if they're facing exactly opposite to the center, there can be only two cases. I have never seen a question where it is said that they are looking at 60 degrees to the center. This kind of question cannot be made. So either they are facing center or they are not facing center. If they are not facing center, if they are facing opposite, then this clockwise becomes right and anti-clockwise becomes left. That's the only difference that comes. You understand Tanmeh? There is no other difference. So this goes to, this was for B, this was for P, this was for T and this was for R, as far as I remember. Fine. So what has been told, if P and R interchange their places, then who is sitting together? So R will come here and P will go here. So then VT is always sitting together. So PV will not be there because they are changing places. RT will definitely not be there and Q will be, you don't know. So VT are always together. So by interchange, there is no distinct coming. Difference coming. Third question. Yes, T is immediate to the right of V. That's absolutely correct. Very good. Solve this question. Just to the right of V, it is T. You go in anti-clockwise direction, you find T. Okay. Now start solving this question. This is a linear arrangement question. Solve this question. Okay. People are answering C, option C, G and B. Very good. Should I solve? Okay. So this question, there are six people who are facing North. What do you mean by no-sub? There are others who have not answered. They need answer. So you have solved. It doesn't mean that others don't need it. North. Yes. If there is nothing given, you will assume it to be North. Yeah, here it has been given North. So okay. Two, three, four, five, six. I will make it first. This is the right direction. This is the left direction. Now I will start the question. F is immediate to the right of E. So if this is E, then this is F. Okay, seven people are sitting. Okay. Yes. Yes. Okay. I added a place. E is fourth to the right of G. Fourth to the right of G means E and G are three places. So G is here. Or one, two, three, four. So E is fourth to the right of G. C is neighbor of B and D. So C, if C is neighbor of B and D, then C is sitting between B and D. The person who is third to the left of D is at one end. I'm coming to that. Please wait. The person who is, because I'm explaining you, that's why it is killing my speed. So don't look at my speed. Look at your speed. I have to explain so many things. So the, my speed goes into that. C is neighbor of B and D. So this is B, C, D or D, C, B. Now please understand that this is the only place where, is the only place where B, C, D can come together. I'm just, just give me a moment. So this is the only place where B, C, D can come together and I'll have six people. Now it has been given that the person who is third to the left. So third to the left means what? Where should be D? D should be here because left direction is this. So third to the left means if I put D here, there, see, there can be only one place here or here at the end. So if I put D here at this place, third to the left would be somewhere here, which is not possible. So D would be here, C would be here and B would be here and G would be possible. Sir, D can be in the middle. So A will come here, sorry. Sir, D can be in the middle. Why? D is in the middle. Okay, sir. So it is something like this, G, B, C, D, E, F, A. So now who is to the left of C? Sir, GNB. These two persons, GNB. So likewise, we will solve a question. Okay, you solve this question. Question number five we are done. Question number six. Okay, solve this question. Okay, so this question is, which of the following statement is not true? A is at one end correct. G is immediate to the left of B correct. F is second to the right of B correct. E is immediate to the right of D. Immediate to the left of D, no. E is immediate to the right of D. So option A here. Okay, next question. Yes, Kanchan. What's the doubt? No, sir, no doubt. Actually, to open the chat I pressed A and B. Okay, fine. Okay, so in this question, who are the neighbors of B? Is this a different question or what? No, sir. No, sir, same question. Okay, so who are the neighbors of B? I was just looking why I asked. I was just looking for the information, whether they have changed the position or not. See, I have made few habits myself which I never leave. So what happens is in few questions or subpart of the question, and you should make this habit. Right now you might be feeling that my speed may reduce or something like that. But few good habits are of solving math questions is that whenever there are subparts of the question, just read the subparts very carefully. Do you understand it? Am I making some logic? Fine, so don't be in rush to solve questions. Accuracy will come only when you are a little vigilant. Please remember my word. If you are not vigilant enough in the exam, if you don't have eye for details, things would be difficult because you would be in hurry and you will miss small information and you will make silly mistakes. Who are the neighbors of B? G and C are neighbors of B, so option B. Next question, extreme right. So A is at the extreme right, is it okay? Next, now we will solve this question. Solve this question. They are facing east. People are giving me answers, C, D, all these things. Fargo and Mercedes. Okay, let me solve this question. So how many cars are there? Seven cars. One, two, three. No, let me not make a place here. Let me make a place somewhere else. Let me take it to the other side. So there are seven cars. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven. Okay, so Cadillac, I'm not getting into that. Next to the right. So if they are facing east, this direction is right and this direction is left. Am I right? So Cadillac is next to the right of Fargo. So F and then C. Fine. And Fargo is fourth to the right of Fiat. And fourth to the right of Fiat means this is Fiat. One, two, three, this is Fargo. So I'm writing it Fiat, Fargo. And this is Cadillac. So six places gone. Maruti car is between Ambassador and Bedford. And so if Maruti car is between Fiat is third to the right of Ambassador. So Fiat is third to the right of Ambassador. So one second. Third to the left of Ambassador. So that's what this is. Ambassador and this is Maruti and this is, sorry, this is Bedford and this is Maruti. And there is only one place left out. One end would be here and that would be what? That would be Mercedes, I think. So which of the cars are on the sides of Cadillac? It is Fargo and Mercedes. So here it is. Option C, Fargo and Mercedes. Is that fine? Yes, no? Yes, sir. Sir, please explain the question once again. Sorry? Sir, I'm saying please give an explanation of this once again. Okay, once again. I'll solve it, don't worry. Look here. Cadillac is next to the right of Fargo. So if Fargo is here, Cadillac will be below it. Because downward direction is right and upward direction is left if they are facing east. Fargo is right, fourth right to the Fiat. So this is Fargo, so Fiat 1, 2, 3 and this will be Fiat. Okay, now this is given that Maruti is between Ambassador and Bedford. And Fiat is third to the left of Ambassador. So Ambassador is here. So then this becomes Maruti and this becomes Bedford. Maruti comes between Ambassador and Bedford. Why Ambassador? Because if I put Ambassador here, then Fiat becomes third to the left of Ambassador. And Fiat is at one end. It means that now the other end is towards this Cadillac. Only this place is left out. So I'm writing here, this is Fiat. This is Bedford. This is Maruti. This is Fargo. This is, no, not Fargo, Ambassador. After Ambassador, we have Fargo and then we have Cadillac. And then there is only one place left out for Maruti. So hence I put Maruti. Is that okay? Did you all understand this? Yes, sir, got it. Got it? Okay. So now we will solve next question, solve this question. Option A, okay. So what is it saying? It is saying that which of the following statement is correct? Maruti is next to the left of Ambassador, absolutely correct. Bedford is next to the left. No, it is on right. Bedford is at one end wrong. Fiat is second to the right of Maruti. No, Fiat is second to the left of Maruti. So this is wrong. So option A is the correct answer. Okay, fine. Next question, okay. So here comes, which of the following statement is correct? Fargo is in between Ambassador and Fiat. Fargo is in between Ambassador and Fiat, wrong. Cadillac is next to the left of Mercedes, absolutely correct. Fargo is next to the right of, no, it is next to the left. Maruti is four to the right of Mercedes. Maruti would be on the left because Maruti is, Mercedes is on the right corner. Option B is the only correct option looking out here. Next one, very easy question. So right of Ambassador, we have Fargo. We have Cadillac and we have Mercedes. Or Mercedes, Cadillac, Fargo. Option B is correct. Okay, okay. We have one more question. Solve this. So Mercedes would be to the right because Mercedes is at right. Right hand corner, this is wrong. This is wrong. Mercedes cannot be in between anyone because Mercedes is at one corner. Four to the right of Maruti is correct answer. Solve this. Okay, everyone is, I've got answers from Mahi and Yash. And then now Shristi is giving the answer. They are all saying D as the answer. Okay, no issues. Take your time. When I start solving the question, I would ask whether someone needs time or not. Should I answer now? I've given you enough time and time is also getting over. Okay. Are they sitting in a circle? Yes, they are. They are sitting in a circle. How many of them? One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. Eight of them. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight. This is right. This is left. Nitish is thought to the right of Amit. So Amit is here. And one, two, three. Nitish is here. Nitish is thought to the right of Amit, who is not an immediate neighbor of. So Amit is not an immediate neighbor of. Either Partha or Rashmi. So Partha and Rashmi cannot be at these two places. Okay. Partha is second to the left of Rashmi, who is third to the left of, what's the name? Sindhu. Now Partha is second to the left of Rashmi. Where can Rashmi be? So these two places cannot be. If Rashmi is here, then Partha is second to the left. Partha can be here. If Rashmi is here, Partha cannot be here. If Rashmi is here, Partha can be here. So there are two places coming out for Rashmi and Partha. If Rashmi is here, Partha is here. Or if Rashmi is here, then Partha is here. These are the only two places for Partha and Rashmi. And Sindhu is fourth to the right of Rashmi. So if Rashmi is here, so fourth to the right means this direction. One, two, three, four. So Rashmi cannot be here because fourth to the right of Rashmi would be Amit here. So Rashmi would be here. This place goes to Rashmi and this place goes to Partha. Now Rashmi is third to the left of Sindhu. Or Sindhu is third to the right of Rashmi. So one, two, three, Rashmi comes here. So you will see that, sorry, not Rashmi. Sindhu comes here. So if I put Sindhu here, you will find that Rashmi would be third to the left of Sindhu in clockwise direction. Sindhu is fourth to the right of Rashmi. So one, two, three, four. This place goes to Sindhu. There is only one person left out. What's his name? Keshav would be here. So Keshav would be here. Now, who is second to the left of Nitesh? So second to the left of Nitesh is what? Second to the left of Nitesh is Sindhu. Answer would be none of these. Sir? Yes? Sorry? Sir, where will be Varma? Where? One second. There is one between Amit and Rashmi. So one second, one second, one second, one second, one second. There are two places left out. There are two places left out. So Sindhu is fourth to the right. One, two, three, four. So Sindhu is fourth to the right of Rashmi. There is only one. There are now two places left out for Keshav and Varma. So either Keshav would be here or Varma would be here or Varma would be here and Keshav would be here. So this is the arrangement. There is no information given. Please understand that. There is no information given on Keshav and Varma. So Keshav, Varma, Varma, Keshav. Is there any? I am asking a simple question. Is there any information given on Keshav and Varma? So there are two places left out after arranging six of them. So I am just giving these places, Varma and Keshav and Keshav and Varma. So if Keshav is here, Varma is here. If Varma is here, Keshav is here. So first answer is none of these. Is it okay? Rest of the question, we will continue in the next class. Perhaps Anusa will tell that, take that class. I will tell that absolutely here. So this question anyway is done. Next question we will come up with another sheet. Is that okay? Sir, second to the right of Nitesh could be Keshav or Varma. Right. Second to the right. So sir, it could be Keshav or Varma. One second. Second to the right. Go in Nitesh. Yes, it could be Keshav or Varma. But you don't know who. Fine. So answer could be Nitesh. Let them go, please. Okay, fine. So we will do this class with you. I will get 14 questions and we will start. Do not worry. Fine. Thank you. Bye-bye. Bye-bye. Bye-bye. Thank you. Thank you, sir. Good day, sir. Thank you. Thank you. Bye-bye. Sir, I am sorry. I am so sorry. I won't be removed from the anti-ASQR, sir. No? What do you do with the question? Fankur, answer him. What is the question for him? He is saying whether he will be removed. From the anti-ASQR class. If you have not done DPP, you will be. If you have done DPP, you will not be. The only way to be in the anti-ASQR class is to keep on doing DPPs. And if you are not doing inform us why you are not doing. Okay, bye-bye. Let them go, Rohit. Thank you, Rohit. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. Thank you very much. I am not hearing anything right now. I can't read anything. My eyes are dark. Bye. Thank you, sir. Bye-bye, sir.


I do have a makeup tutorial on this, but today I want to focus on the actual products, who I'd recommend them for, and why I like them. So let's get started. So we're going to start off with the Floor Mart Illuminating Primer. If you have been on my channel for a long time, you'll know that this is the only primer that I use. What I really like about this is that it is hydrating, illuminating, and it does exactly what I think a primer should do. It gives the makeup something to hold on to, but evens out the skin texture as well. It's also great for no makeup makeup days because it has oil control. So it illuminates the skin, which is going to create that kind of even look, even if you're not wearing makeup over the top of it, but it also controls the oils ever so slightly. So I really like that. It just creates the most perfect base for your makeup. It's not an extreme primer. It's not going to make a dramatic difference, but it makes a good enough difference. Your makeup is going to look so gorgeous, and I love the way it feels on the skin. It's completely sheer, but it's illuminating at the same time. Next up, I have the Isleron Touche Cla High Cover Concealer. Try saying that 10 times fast. It's not going to give you full coverage. It's high coverage compared to the usual Touche Cla. So it's just slightly different and gives you a little bit more of that pigmentation there. So with the Light to Medium coverage, it looks like the skin. That's what I really like about it. It still looks like the skin, even though you're brightening it and you're giving extra coverage, and it still has that nice easy application that you get with the original Touche Cla, but with just a little bit more coverage. I recommend this for normal to dry combination skin, which is basically what I have. I love how brightening it is while also adding some coverage and you can also build this up as well. Next up, I have my foundation, which is the Healthy Mix. I have been using this since 2010-ish, I think. One of my favorite foundations, and I find myself going back to it time and time again because it's got a beautiful yellow tone to it, which is one of my favorite things about this entire brand. All of their foundations pretty much have like a slightly yellow neutral tone, which works great for me. And it's also got that light medium coverage, but feeling really fresh and not over the top. It works on every age group from the young to the old, and it also goes on really easily. It's a great one for beginners, and I always recommend it to beginners because it's not too thick, it's not too sheer, it's just really easy to glide over the skin. Regardless of whether you have a lot of skills when you're applying your foundation or you don't, this one's a nice easy one to apply. You can use it with so many different things, from a sponge to a brush to your fingertips. It's a really foolproof type of foundation. Highly recommended. Next up, we have my secret weapon. This is the L'Oreal True Match Mineral. Oh my goodness. The amount of times I get messages from people saying, I finally tried this, and yes, it is incredible. I'm like, yes, thank you. It is so, so, so good. So basically what I do with this is I apply a very sheer amount of the Healthy Mix, and then I apply the True Match over the top. Basically what the True Match does is it creates a gorgeous, beautiful finish. It's gonna set your makeup while adding some coverage, and it's a sheer to full coverage. You can use this by itself, or you can apply it over the top of a liquid for maximum coverage. It looks like you have nothing on your skin because it sets everything in place, but it's not too mattifying. It's extremely long wear. If you find that your makeup disappears on your nose, particularly like in the winter or the summer, you will not have a problem with this. This locks that baby in there, and it's gonna keep your skin looking flawless, like all day long, but it just goes on so beautifully. It's really easy, and I highly recommend it for pretty much everybody. There's not many people that I would find would have a problem with this, provided you apply it correctly, and I've used it on lots and lots of different people, and they love it. So those are my foundation favorites. I'd definitely love to hear from you guys. What do you like using? What should I try using next time? Is there anything in particular that you really, really love or really, really hate? I'd love to hear from you guys. Hit that subscribe button. Hit that like button. Check out the other videos on the screen, and I will see you in the next one.


Hello and welcome to this session in which we would look at an example that deals with depreciation expense. Since I mentioned an example, it means somehow in the prior session or sessions we explained the topic. Indeed in the prior session we looked at the different depreciation method which are the straight line, the activity method, sums of year's digit and the double declining balance. So you have to have a good understanding of this method before you work this example. Now what is special about this example or what's unique about this example? What is special about this example is the fact that Tesla, the company that purchased the asset, purchased the asset on September 1st, year one. So when I illustrate the concept of depreciation method I kept everything simple and we assumed that we purchased the asset January 1st. That's not really true in the real world. Companies buy asset at different time during the year. Therefore, as an accounting student or a CPA candidate you need to be familiar with buying asset throughout the year and how much depreciation to book. So in this example we would assume the asset was purchased on September 1st. Whether you are an accounting student or a CPA candidate I strongly suggest you take a look at my website farhatlectures.com. I don't replace your CPA review course. I am a useful addition to your CPA review course. I'm a useful addition to your classroom, to your accounting courses. I explain the material differently. I go a little bit slower than your typical CPA review course. I give you more example, more resources to help you understand the material. Your risk is one month of subscription. Your potential gain is actually passing the exam. And if not for anything take a look at my website to find out how well or not well your university doing on the CPA exam. This is my course catalogue, my accounting course catalogue. I have taxation, governmental accounting, intermediate, managerial, audit, so on and so forth. My resources will include lectures, multiple choice practice questions. My CPA supplemental resources are aligned with your Becker, Roger, Gleam and Wiley. Therefore, you can go easily back and forth between my material and your CPA review course. I also give you access to 1500 plus a previously released AI CPA questions with detailed solution. If you have not connected with me on LinkedIn, please do so. Take a look at my LinkedIn recommendation, like this recording, share it with other, connect with me on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter and Reddit. So let's start to work with this example. Tesla purchased a new robot for its manufacturing process on September 1st. The cost of this machine was 300,000. Now on the CPA exam or on the actual exam in the classroom, they're not going to highlight the date. They're not going to underline or bold September 1st. You have to be careful. When was the machine purchase? The salvage value was 48,000. Tesla estimated the life of the robot to be five years and its production capacity are estimated to be at 42,000 units. So we have the cost, we have the salvage value, we have the production capacity and we have the life. We have everything that you need to start the book, the depreciation, starting with the straight line method, the most straightforward, easy, most commonly used for financial accounting and reporting. The way we compute the straight line method is we take the cost 300,000 minus the salvage value. Remember, this is called the depreciable base and we'll divide the depreciable base by the life and the depreciation per year is 50,400. True. However, remember, this asset was purchased on September 1st. What does that mean? It means for the first year we compute the full depreciation, then we multiply it by September, October, November and December, which is 4 out of 12 months. As a result, for the first year, we are only going to take depreciation of 16,500. Let's book the depreciation entry. We're going to have a depreciation expense 16,500 credit accumulated depreciation 16,500 and our accumulated depreciation now is 16,800. For year two, we're going to have the asset for the full year. The reason why we only had 16,800 for year one, it's because think about it from a graphical perspective. If this was year one, we purchased the asset in September. Well, if we purchase the asset in September, it means we're only going to take the depreciation for the four month, September, October, November and December. For year two, we're going to have the asset the full year. Therefore, we are going to depreciate the asset for the full year, which is 50,400. Now accumulated depreciation is 67,200. This is the total accumulated depreciation. The entry will be 50,400. However, from a T account perspective, accumulated depreciation at 16,800. Now we added to it 50,400. So this is where the 67,200 comes from. It's the total, not the entry. For year three, we had the asset for the full year. Again, 50,400. Same entry, debit depreciation expense 50,400. Credit accumulated depreciation 50,400. Add 50,400 to accumulated depreciation. Now the total is 17,600. Year four full year, year five full year, and year six. So notice what happened is although the asset is four, five years, it's going to go into year six because we're going to depreciate in year six, eight out of 12 months. Remember, we have to depreciate the asset for the full five years. So in year one, we only took four months. In year six, we're going to take the remaining eight. And as a result, the full depreciation will be 252,000, which is the depreciable base. This is the depreciable base 252,000. This is how much we're going to depreciate. And our accumulated depreciation is 252,000. Indeed, we cannot depreciate the salvage value. So this is the straight line method. One thing I want to make sure, you know, a few things I want to point out to, the total expense is 252. Accumulated depreciation and total 252, okay, over a period of six years. Let's take a look at the activity method. Under the activity method, first we have to find the activity rate. We'll take the asset 300,000 minus salvage value divided by the total of unit produced or hours or whatever that unit is, which is unit produced. So our activity rate is $6 per unit. Simply put, for every one unit we produce, we're going to depreciate this asset for $6. So let's assume for year one, we produced 1,000 units. Well, at $6, the annual expense is $6,000. Therefore, we debit depreciation expense credit, accumulated depreciation for $6,000. Therefore, accumulated depreciation is $6,000. Now, what is the year two? What is the ends? What is the year two? Well, depending on how many units we produced, depending on how many units we produced, if we produced 3,000 units, it will be times 6. And then we will compute the depreciation that way. It will be 18,000. If we produce 30,000 units, it will be 180,000, depending on the activity level, depending on the activity level. Bear in mind that the total activity level should be 42,000 units, 42,000 units. This should be unit, not hours, 42,000 units. So if we completed the 42,000 unit in year three, that's it. We will stop depreciating this asset. So the activity method is based on activity, not based on time. So although I have a period of five years, but in year two, we might use the asset so much and use all the units and this way depreciate the asset. Simply put, the maximum you will depreciate, the maximum is 252,000 because the salvage value is 48, unless you change your estimate. Now, we're going to talk about changing estimate in the next session, but that's beyond the scope of this lesson. The third method is the sums of years digit. The first thing we have to do is to find the denominator. If we're looking at an asset with five years, we're going to take five, plus four, plus three, plus two, plus one, and that's going to be our denominator. The denominator will always stay the same. It's 15. What's in the numerator? In the numerator is the amount remaining as of the beginning of the year. So let's take a look at this computation. We'll take the depreciable base, which is cost minus accumulated depreciation times five divided by 15 is the remaining five years. The annual expense, the full annual expense is 84,000. True, that's the full annual expense. However, we purchased this asset in September. What we have to do, we have to prorate it, multiply it by 412. Why 412? September, October, November, and December. Therefore, for year one, we're only going to take 28,000 of depreciation expense. Therefore, we'd have a depreciation expense 28,000. We credit accumulated depreciation 28,000. The entry does not change. The journal entry is pretty straightforward. Now, what do we have to know? We have to know that after year one ended, after year one ended, we still have, because four divided by 12, if you take four divided by 12, and I want you to do that, just to kind of see where the remaining coming from, four divided by 12, that's going to give you 0.3333. So this is how much we took of depreciation from the life of the asset, 0.333 of a year. What's left of that 0.333 is 0.6667. Now, this is rounding. We're going to have an issue here in rounding. I just want to let you know. But the point is, the remaining life of this asset, after year one, it's going to be four plus 0.667 again rounding. So when we go to year two, we're going to take 252,000. And in the numerator, again, what goes in the numerator? The remaining life of the asset, as of the beginning of the year, is four years and 0.666, which is four years and eight months, four years and eight months, eight divided by 12, which is 4.667 divided by 15. Now we take full depreciation. Again, these numbers are rounded. At the end, we're going to be a little bit off, but the point is it's rounded. So the depreciation for year two is 78,406, 78,406. Now our accumulated depreciation is 106406. Year three, 252 multiplied. We still have three years 0.667 divided by 15. That's going to be our depreciation expense. Year four, year five, and we're going to have year six. And the reason we're going to have year six is because we're going to have a year six. We're going to have 0.667 remaining, 0.667, which is the remaining eight months multiplied by the depreciable base. It's going to give us 11,205. When we compute all, when we add up all the expense, it's going to add up to 252, $29.  I mean, try to make it perfect because this is 0.33 and 0.66. It will take a little bit of time. So I just going to let you know that it's rounding, but the point is remain valid, that you can only depreciate 252,000. This is just basically a large rounding error. Okay. So again, at the end of the day, we will depreciate only 252, which is the depreciable base. Let's take a look at the double declining balance. Under the double declining balance will take one divided by life times two to find the double declining grade, which happens to be 40%. Now the double declining balance, if you will start with your book value at the beginning of the year, not the depreciable base book value. The reason I kept it here is to make a point. It's different. So we're going to take the book value 300,000 year one times the rate. It's going to give us 120,000. That's 120,000, assuming we purchased the asset January 1st. Well, we purchased the asset September 1st. Therefore, we're only going to take 412, which is 0.333 of that, which is 40,000. So year one, it's 40,000. We debit depreciation expense, credit accumulated depreciation. Now for year two, you have to be careful. It's going to be the book value. The book value after year one is 300,000 minus 40. So the big value is 260. Therefore, I'm going to start with 260 times 40%. That's going to give me 104. That's going to be my depreciation expense for year two, 104 and 104. Now my depreciation, my accumulated depreciation is 144. Now I'll take 300,000 minus 144 to come up with my book value. And that happens to be 156. 156 times 40%. That's going to give me 62,400. Again, I'm going to add my accumulated depreciation to the prior year and come up with 206,400. Now let's take a look at year four. Year four, we're going to have book value of 93,600. Again, we're going to multiply the book value by 40%, our double declining rate. And as a result, we're going to have 37,440 of depreciation expense. Again, what's going to happen is we're going to take 300,000 minus 243,840. And that's going to give us a new book value of 56,160. Now if we take 56,160 multiplied by 40%, so let's say 56,160 multiplied by 40%, that's going to give us 22,464. Well, guess what? We can't take this depreciation. Why not? Because the book value as of right now is, this is year five, is 56,160. If we take an additional 22,464, that's going to drop us below 48. So what's going to happen is we cannot go below 48,000. What is that 48,000? That's the salvage value. Well, if that's the case, the only thing we can take is 8,160. So that's going to be a plug the last year. Sometime it may arrive earlier. So the only depreciation we can take for year five is 81,60. And as a result, then we add up all the depreciation. And as a result, just like all the other ones, the total is 252,000. However, we took the depreciation in different years, the depreciation amount in different years. So on all the depreciation method, one thing I wanted to see is the total for all five years is 252. That's the total for all five years. That does not change. We take the depreciation in different years. For the straight line, it's always the same. Every year is the same, except if it's a prorated. The double declining balance in the sums of years digit, we took more upfront, we took more depreciation early on in the life of the asset. So this is what I want you to see. But at the end, it evens out over a five-year period or over six-year period. At the end of the day, I'm going to remind you the best way to learn this is to work multiple choice and additional questions on my website, farhatlectures.com. That's what you should do next. At the end of this recording, I'm going to remind you again, whether you are an accounting student or a CPA candidate, to take a look at my website, farhatlectures.com. Again, I don't replace your CPA review course. You need your CPA review course. I don't replace your accounting course. I'm just a useful addition. I can help you along your CPA review course, along your accounting course to help you do better. Your investment in your accounting career is worth it. Don't shortchange yourself. You need to pass your exam once. Get the exam behind you. Focus on your career. Good luck. Study hard. The CPA exam is worth it, and stay safe.


Hi everyone and welcome along to UK conference TV I am column cronin from the adventures and advising podcast and I am delighted This evening. We are recording right at the end of day one to be joined by Dr. David Gray David How are you doing sir? I'm doing very well first column It's a pleasure to be here with you and just to say thank you to start with for the great job What do you all do with conference TV and these interviews? They're really adding something to the conference Well, I'm thank you for that. I'm enjoying it to have the opportunity to talk to Celia Greenway and kind of get some insights into her background was really cool and for me added to that piece around that opening keynote but it has been I think from my perspective a really good first day I imagine you have had a lot of caffeine probably over the last few hours given the work that went into setting it up and then day one but your thoughts on as the CEO of UCAD on day one of the conference Oh absolutely delighted. I mean this is a fantastic event. There's been such a great vibe around the place today There are always busy periods on day one and sorting a few things out at the start but overall it's gone really smoothly and we're delighted this is the biggest conference UCAD has ever held Our last conference was only six months ago. There was a chance that we may not attract many people because it's so soon after the previous one but no this is by far and away the biggest conference We've almost doubled the number of delegates that we have at the event and that's obvious in the sessions that we've got going on. They're so vibrant and so many people in there and I think we've also taken a deliberate decision to kind of scale back the schedule a bit so we don't have as many things going on in parallel so that makes the sessions bigger and more vibrant as well and there's been such a great buzz and atmosphere in those sessions and some really great discussion going on between the delegates so it's been fantastic to see Yeah, I think the decision to scale back was a good one given that we are in this virtual space and I think it's the learnings that the virtual space is very different to the physical space and you cannot merely replicate and I think you kind of done that really nicely and I think the other thing that's added to it and I had the experience myself today is the advising hub, the gather town environment where you're wandering around and then you see somebody and it feels like that conference feel like I was walking around earlier and I saw George, George Steele I was like, George, how's it going? And that really added I think that spontaneous aspect because everything is kind of so deliberate online ordinarily so have you had the opportunity to go and wander around the advising hub yourself? I have, yeah, it's been fantastic. I mean I've been involved in building the advising hub as well and I've been in there and using it for a little while now but yesterday I was talking to George myself earlier on and I was trying to recount an experience I'd had yesterday when the Dutch delegates were in there and they were using it for the conference and I saw somebody in the corridor and you're right, it's that spontaneous thing and I can't even begin to remember what the experience was like I had now but I saw this person and I thought that's exactly the same feeling I get when I'm in a real conference venue you're right the online is very different but just being in that gather town environment and seeing those people and engaging in that way it made me feel like I was really in the conference venue with them and that we were more connected in some way so it's really great and we've had loads of fantastic comments from the delegates about how much they're appreciating it and the ability to connect and engage in that way I think people are also really motivated by the Easter egg treasure hunt people are desperately trying to find the last few Easter eggs that they haven't found people keep asking me where are they and I honestly don't know the answer so I can't tell you they're in there somewhere and you will find them but no it's great it's really really good to see so many people connecting and engaging with that and I think our Dutch colleagues are having the same experience as well so it's a really great environment Yeah I love the fact that it is a shared space which is great to see and look there were loads of great sessions today I suppose by the time this is actually released we're already in the future so I'm interested in hearing from your perspective and there is so much to look forward to but if you were to cherry pick a few things that you think viewers might want to keep an eye out on the next couple of days what are some of the events? Okay well I can tell you about the events but actually I think there's something that viewers should keep an eye out for and that's something different that we have at this conference as well which we haven't had before and it's a deliberate part of UCAT strategy and that is we actually have students as delegates we have around about 8% of our delegates this year are students and it's really great to get the students involved with their advisors in those conversations to help us do what we do better to support advisors because ultimately at the end of the day we serve students so we need that student voice in what we do and I know I've been in sessions today where the students have been involved and they've added a great deal to the discussions so they will be there, they will be in session throughout the rest of the conference look out for them and make them feel welcome because they are very much a part of this event and we very much need to hear their voice and their input but in terms of specific kind of sessions to look out for the highlights for me in the next few days are tomorrow lunchtime we have a joint discussion session with our Dutch colleagues from LVSR so we had a symposium with them back in December where we looked at how the pandemic had affected us as advisors how it sort of impacted upon us and really to try and recapture our passion for advising and then we've got a follow-up from that as a joint discussion session tomorrow where we're looking at how the practices we have as advisors have changed through the pandemic and what the best changes have been so that we can hold on to those so hopefully it's going to be a really lively discussion and one in which we will discover things in common that we've really learnt and benefited our practice that we can intentionally adopt going forward so that will be a great opportunity to get together with international delegates and then we have our awards ceremony tomorrow where we're recognising those who have made great contributions to the field of advising or to the UCAT itself we also recognise all of those who have been given professional recognition through the UCAT professional recognition scheme so a whole range of people there and we also have I think as Oscar mentioned on a previous episode of conference TV the introduction of the Charlie Nutt Award so we'll be awarding the first Charlie Nutt Award so that's going to be a great honour and Charlie will be joining us himself for that so we're really looking forward to seeing Charlie there tomorrow and I guess the other highlight we have for tomorrow is we have a session immediately before the awards ceremony with one of our award winners, Neil Bangs from Middlesex University who's doing a practice showcase session so Neil's going to be telling us about how his sports science team at Middlesex have really adopted this intentional structured programme of personal tutoring and have been enhancing their offering over the last five years where they've got to this point with group advising and an approach they've taken during the pandemic that has really helped their students feel connected to the programme so for me those are the highlights and that's just some of the programme of events that lie ahead so there will be all sorts of things for people to look forward to to engage in and I will while we're chatting put up the you can see the kind of social media so like the conversations I heard today were fantastic and people were so engaged and really interested in that student perspective that you mentioned David so keep the conversations going in terms of UCAT and obviously you can see the joint LinkedIn group there you can see the conference hashtag you can definitely get involved I saw loads of tweets today which was fantastic so it's great to see the level of engagement that we're seeing from people and I guess at this point all that really remains is for me to thank you for taking the time given the hectic schedule that you have and to wish you the very best for the remainder of the conference Thanks Colin and enjoy the rest of the conference too


So this talk is about OSS-7, which is an open source implementation of the Dash 7 communication stack and I'm just gonna leave Glenn the floor. Okay. Thank you for the introduction. That's very nice being here I was here a lot of times before but comfortably sitting in the audience Now it's new for me standing here But anyway, I work at the IDLA research group of the University of Antwerp and IMEC and our part of the group is Doing low power communication and localization and it is in this context that we got into contact with the Dash 7 alliance Where we actively where we are an active member in the alliance and also driving the open source stack Which is the topic of today. So the Dash 7 spec is originating from ISO 18000 Dash 7 so hence the name and that was purely focused on active RFID in This new evolution of the spec We try to make it more generic for IoT use cases It's focused on sub gigahertz bands and it's using a star or three topology. So we're not using a machine Currently we're at version 1.1 of the spec published about one year ago So some key aspects without going too deep into the the specification itself it's focused on low power communication and asynchronous communication and There's a lot of functionality embedded in the stack as we will see see later Also basically in Dash 7 everything is a file. This is configuration of the stack itself, but also sensor values are stored in a file This is also the main application interface you would use from your application or from an external note You would do familiar operations like read file or write file To the to manage the the the stack in fact This is done using ALP commands, which is just a efficient binary representation of these operations What I have right here is an of the shell of DevKit from ST which is running a dash 7 modem on it It's connected with my laptop using USB and on this serial connection. We talk this ALP command sets on the laptop We have a Python framework called pyd7a and it basically does a translation to and from ALP So I'll I'll be doing a few demos Somewhere between the presentation, so I'll be switching over a few times If I can find it So the Python framework also has a small user interface which we which we use to manage the modem So now it's connected with this this module here and here for instance You can browse some system files which are defined there and you can view here for instance. This contains a UID There's a firmware version file There's an access profile which defines some channel bands and some data rate and stuff like that So this is just a view on the file system, which we now query using this ALP commands You can also execute a command Like this you can just say I read file I want to read file 0 and execute and you would get the UID file here I don't know if it's feasible Okay, so on the other hand I have Two notes here which are the same def kit, but they have a shield a shield on top of it containing sensors for instance a temperature sensor So the application running on this is very simple and this is basically everything this is this is on the application layer We just read the temperature value from the sensors And we write it in a file on the dash seven file system in a specific file for for this temperature value And then we reschedule it again to do this periodically every 10 seconds So this is everything there is at the application layer and the rest is managed by the stack And we will be using this application throughout the demo So if I go back to this UI I can now instead of using the host interface Which is the the local module connected over the serial I can execute the same commands through through the dash seven interface I forward it to the dash seven interface I specify this takes some configuration for instance how to access the notes and then then it will Execute the same command, which was the read UID on this other on this other interface I started it Yeah, so as you can see we now have two responses which are from these nodes So that's that's fully transparent you execute the same commands to a local note as to a remote note Also, I mentioned that We were writing the temperature file. It's just in another file So if I take file 64 and I happen to know it's two bytes long I can just read out the temperature data just as I would read out the UID of the note So you see the two bytes coming in These are the raw bytes. We don't parse it here because it's not a System-defined file. It's something it's user specific So I'll show later how you can can visualize it, but here are the other the temperature of the two nodes Okay So what happens here is This is our sensor node the application is basically writing the sensor file Continuously or periodically it writes a sensor file and the rest is managed by the dash seven stack So here we have the interrogator, which was this note here It just executes a command to read sensor file. The stack will receive it We'll read the sensor file and we'll retransmit or we'll Answer the the data. So the application doesn't know the application is totally unaware of this happening This is what we call the the full communication scheme and it's useful if you want to request the data only when we need it So for instance on an external event like A door closes and you want to query all the notes inside or a user pressing a button on the UI Then pull communication makes sense You can also interrogate multiple responders at once Sorry now. How does this happen? As I said, it's used for low power and asynchronous networking So the the nodes there can't be continuously listening because they would consume too much power and they're not synchronized as well So what we do is an ad hoc synchronization? I can show this like this. I I hope it is visible But it's a screenshot of logic analyzer where you have the top two rows of the requester and The top one is the transmission and then we have the reception to Rx and then the same thing for for two responders And here we can see that the responders will Go into RX mode periodically. They will chat scan the channel for Background frames and the other one does that as well and you can see it happens as synchronously compared to the other one So there's cam for background frame. What is a background frame? It basically contains an estimated time of arrival of the foreground frame, which will follow So it's used for synchronization So they go into receive mode They check if the the energy on the channel is above the noise floor or not if it isn't they go Asleep as soon as possible if it is they they try to decode the background frame And when they receive that they go back asleep until this time out So if you want to transmit the query as a Requestor you would basically here and it happens here float the channel with background frames for a period Which is the same amount of time or a bit bigger than the scan and scanning interval So during one seconds this background the requester will send these background frames and it will basically count down And you will see here. I don't know if it's visible, but this this Here is a bit wider than the other one because here it actually receives the background frame So at this point in time this node knows that the request will be sent here And the same thing happens here and now basically they are synchronized So the request will be transmitted here They will both be in in receive mode here and then they will respond here using CSMA CA will respond to the to the requester So this is a talk synchronization or low power listening what we also support is push communication Push communication is useful for when your techniques to talk first for instance here We measure the temperature every 10 seconds imagine that we would require to capture all these measurements It wouldn't make sense to go query them every 10 seconds We can just as well let the note sent them to us and push them push it to us every 10 seconds Now you can you can code this in the application layer Of course, but there's seven provides a more generic way to do this without touching the application That's called the action protocol So this is the same diagram where the application writes the sensor file But now we configure the sensor file to trigger the action protocol when written So an action protocol takes two more files It takes an action file and an interface file an action file is the action which will be executed and Interface file is specifies where the output of the action should go to So if we now before we had our query here saying read sensor file data if we now We are not sending this right now because we're doing push communication But we're storing it inside of the action file So when the file is written the stack will execute the read file command So it will return 21 degrees and it will be transmitted over the interface with the specified here Where you can say it's transmitted on this channel using a security or whatever and it will transmit the file So basically what we did is we we removed this one But we pre-registered it in the notes and it will be triggered because it's configured that way So I can demo this I will not be using the UI to configure this now But I will using the API so I have some some script What should do this? I will make it a big big here Okay, so I use this script to choose the Python API and you can see it reconfigured two notes So I can also show this in a dashboard. This is a Things board which we use for dashboarding so you now you can see data coming in from from two more notes So it's 21 degrees depending on the notes here 21 or 23 Things board is an op-source platform. We use for dashboarding and for managing our Devices so all our devices are here and also a digital twin as mentioned before But I'm not going to into much details about this, okay now ALP has some more operations except from read and write you can also do queries for instance you can do an arithmetic comparison between a Value in a file and a value you provide and you can you can chain ALP actions and the Result of this query operation will determine if further actions are being executed or not So I'll give an example later But you can use this for for some smart addressing instead of addressing a node by ID you would say I want all nodes of type a or all nodes where Humidity is below this and the temperature is below that for instance We could also use this to extend our demo a bit further So now we're transmitting the temperature every 10 seconds, but imagine that 23 degrees is considered normal and we also want only want an alarm when it's above 25 degrees for instance Then all these messages would be a waste of energy right now. So if we could just have this this condition Restored in the query Like this so we will prepent the the query Before the read action and the read action will only be executed when the query is yields through so Okay, I'll show this now. I Use the same script that I can provide it with a with a parameter now. I'm going to check. What's the temperature is? So it's 23 degrees. So let's say 23.5 And it changes again It just changes the configuration over the air of the of the files the application isn't to wear But you see no new data is coming in now right now Now of course to prove that it will I need to increase its temperature Which I hope it does now Here you go Okay, it's even off-scale So back to the presentation So yeah, what we did was we just modified this file and again the application wasn't wasn't aware that we do in it and still we modified the behavior of our network Okay, so to recap we have two main communication schemes where you push when you have periodic data or sensor trigger data and pull if you Want to do want to trigger or want to query on some external event basically In practice you would use a combination of both you would enable pull to to to configure the note and you would push most data which is Triggered by the sensor. There are also some other options with I didn't mention a lot or which I didn't go into detail But for instance, you can have dormant sessions for non-urgent downlink or you could have Configure your gateway to do scandal channeling very fast on a few channels And then your note would pick a random channel and would do a very small advertising frame to lock your gateway Which would give you some some frequency agility and increase throughputs for instance So I only I only mentioned a very small part of the stack but here you can see per layer a few concepts Which are there? So for instance, you have quality of service power out of scaling one of routing network layers as encryption We have three different data rates at three different bands. So giga's bands There's also Laura in gray. Why is it in gray? It's in part of the the spec by itself. So But we use it Just to test the Laura five beneath it and it doesn't change anything above the spec So I talked a lot in general about that seven always as a seven is basically the open source Implementation of this. So the goal is to be a reference implementation for the spec and we want to generate interest in the spec And have people testing it and then contributing It's also don't get up. It's a patch license to so it's very useful for commercial products as well And without going too much into detail the architecture is a bit like this where you have a harder abstraction layer Which has some APIs and you have different drivers for MCU peripherals and for radios and they're glued together basically by something called a platform where you can specify a combination of drivers and you Specify the wiring on the physical board. So the platform is more or less your physical board and they have a framework Components which contains logging and scheduling for instance And then the modules contains the network stacks who have the dash seven stack there We also read it recently added the Laura one stack to test with multi modality And then in terms of hardware we focus now mainly on the Murata module, which is also the module which is Used here. So it's an STM 32 L zero microcontroller using and a Semtech chip on One module, which is very easy to integrate. You need a minimal amount of external components. You just put it on the on the board Especially if you have an existing board where your application is running on one microcontroller, you can add this Murata module And use it as a dash seven modem And then it's very easy to integrate since your application does not interfere with the stack timings and vice versa and also it could Make it easier to to do certification because your modem can be certified separately So that was the the firmware parts We also have some related tools that by D7 a framework already mentioned so parsers and generator for alp frames Alp or frames, sorry, but also contains a modem API which is used to to interact with with the modem There's some examples and tools and a basic web UI And then we also have the the things board gateway, which was used for injecting the data in things board So in that also uses by D7 a to talk with the modem, but on the other hand implements MQ2t API of things board and it allows you to Yeah to transmit your telemetry data and to Manage your your devices also for the things board gateway You can provide very simple plugins to parse your sensor data Which is why here we show the temperature data and not the two bytes you saw before they're just parsed before entering the things board platform And it enters the errors temperature data And then finally we have a test suite Which is running on physical modem So we we attach it to a to a PC and We execute some tests which are written in Python and also using the Python framework And that's driven by by Jenkins. The goal there is to test the full behavior of the of the spec You know the stack But we're not quite there yet, but it's still useful already the next steps We're not feature complete yet to the the current version of the spec We're working on it But we're now at the point where a lot of pieces of the puzzles are actually Available and you could do a lot of things with the current implementation already But still we need to progress this further. In the meantime, we're also discussing version 1.2 of the specification So this needs to be implemented as well, of course Then what you want to provide next also is to make it easier to interface from an application microcontroller with the modem So we want to provide a C modem library And also enable over-the-air updates Which is one one big advantage of that seven that you have a Low latency downlink to to do this actually Then finally you want to enable porting to other operating systems. So OSS 7 Was there for historical reasons, but we're not very interested in developing the operating system by ourselves So maintaining the scheduler or the outer abstraction layer is not our goal So ideally we want to to to port this to another Operating system and we're looking into that. We also we did some first step steps with riot So maybe in the future we will be using riot. We'll see So that's about it. I have a few links here To the documentation to get you started to the code to the mailing list and Twitter And also you can download the spec for free from the Alliance website So That was it Questions It's not specified so It's not that it's not possible, but it's not the way how to do routing for instance It's not specified in the spec. So what we do is in each star or three So using one hop at most is in in the handled in the specification But if you want to do more complex routing or missing then it will need to be handled by an by an upper layer So it's not something we we support for now Also because the due to the fact that we're using sub gigas you can do cover quite a lot of range with only one hop so Mishing is not that necessary anymore. And yeah, it would require more synchronization of course. So And the files you were writing to reconfigure the device are you storing them permanently on a device or is this just in Yeah My question for the video record, okay So the question was if the files we're writing where are they stored? Are they stored in RAM or are they stored more permanently? The answer is right now. They're stored in RAM But they should be stored in a more permanent Setting depending on the file you could configure you have transient files, which which which changed which Yeah, for instance Something coming from a sensor you could just as well Keep in RAM because you will just read it again, but configuration files of course needs to be stored in Rom but that's some some things which is on our to do list which is not there yet for the moment So right now it's in RAM. Everything is in RAM. And how do you define who is allowed to write which file? there's the concept of a Remote note is always a guest by defaults and you have you have access Permissions of a guest user and route. So remote user is a guest Then the local user is is the root by default and a serial over the serial link is the user So we have some permissions there


Hi everyone! This screencast will show you how to use the question template. This is how your wiki page will look like when you add the question template to your page. If you click on the show button, the hidden content will appear. When you click on the hide button, then the content will be hidden. This hidden content is calling from a sub-page. So when you click on the edit button, it will jump to the edit screen of the sub-page and you can edit the content. And the content of the box has now been changed. To use this template, go to wiki.ubc.ca template colon question template. Under example usage, you see the code for the question template. Copy this code. Then go to the page that you would like to use the question template. And paste the code to the page. Now here's the explanation of the code. The part where it says box one is going to be the name of the sub-page that you'll be creating for the question template. You can change the name of this sub-page. Example, I'll change the name of this sub-page to plan. For the part that says title, it is the title that is going to be displayed on the question template. I'll change the title to plan my project. Once you're done, click on save page. You will see the question template. If you click on the show button, a link to the sub-page will be displayed. Click on edit to edit this sub-page. The editing screen will appear. I will add the content. After you have added the content, click on save page. And go back to your page. If you click on show, you see the question template is working now. I hope you find this tutorial useful. See you next time!


What's up everybody? Jayce here from jaspyscasebrakes.com We're giving away the last 10 spots in Cup Hockey with this 1920 UD Allure hockey one pack break random teams number 15 And again 31 total spots no better in base commonship But we'll do the break first round of my customer names and teams to strip of the hits out Then at the end of the break we'll randomize all 30 customer names or 31 sorry Spots numbers 1 through 10. We'll each get a spot in Cup Hockey So here's the actual customer names teams Roll three or three six times one two three four five six six six six six six six Jonathan down to Kevin one two three four Calgary Flames down to the Arizona Coyotes And again stick to what you got guys just quick pack filler All right quick glance right there There you go guys quick pack break of allure Connor Hullabuck Brad Marchant Mitch Marner You got a open ice Allure Cale McCarr that's kind of a cool card You got Kirby Dutch It's a white rainbow and Nikita Goose up Kirby Dutch rookie that's going to Ryan Herald there you go man Switch and Again top ten get in roll During the three six times again. There you go Good luck top ten get in one two three four five six Boom six Stephen Kendrick you are in Jonathan you are in Kevin Jonathan Steve Jonathan Steve Jonathan Mark and Kevin M So they got just six times Top ten are in So coming up next is the break itself


My name is Shalchi and welcome back to my channel. This channel is all about Productivity, Fitness and Lifestyle. Today's video is going to be about how to stay consistent with your workouts. Now when it comes to working out, I truly believe that consistency is everything. It is much more important than your frequency or the intensity of your workouts. What I mean by this is that it is better to go to the gym just twice a week. But do that every week rather than going all five days in the first week and then not turning up the entire month. Now being consistent is something which even I am struggling with in the last couple of months. So in this video I have put together some of the ideas which I am trying to implement and which might help you out as well to stay consistent with your workouts. So let's get started. The else that you need to do in a day, it helps to plan and schedule your workouts as well. Personally I feel that I am much more likely to work out if I am mentally prepared for it the previous day. Now I am somebody who works out very early in the morning, usually around 6am. So there are few things that I try and keep ready the previous night itself so that I don't have any excuses to view myself in the morning. Some of these things are, number one, I plan what type of workout I am going to do the next day. So this might involve working the class that I would like to attend. It could be a Zumba or a yoga class or planning where I would go for the run. Number two, I keep everything that I would need the next morning ready. For example, I plan what I am going to wear and just hang it right opposite my bed. I fill in my water bottle and I even keep other things like earphones, a jacket, it's already ready. And third, I always find it very helpful to read about the type of workout and its benefits because this is something which motivates me to stay committed to my fitness routine. Stay regular with your workout is to have a gym buddy or a workout buddy. I have two to three very good friends who are part of my workout group and they constantly motivate me to stay regular. There is a certain sense of accountability which comes in when you know that you have somebody else as well who is waiting for you to turn up. I encourage you to find a workout buddy. It could be a spouse, your friend, your sibling, even your parent. And if none of this is possible for you then try and join a group workout class because rather than working out alone, working out with other people in the class might encourage you to stay more regular and stay committed to your routine. It should be enjoyed and so should working out. So I truly believe that there is a form of workout for each and every one of us which we can enjoy. We just need to have the patience to find that. So keep experimenting and keep challenging yourself with different forms of workout till you find something that you truly love. And once you do, don't just stick to it. Keep bringing in variations in it. It could be in terms of the duration or it could be in terms of the intensity. The whole point is to engage your body as well as your mind. Progress is the best form of motivation. So track your workouts and see the progress that you have been making. This will motivate you and encourage you to keep going and stay consistent with your workouts. You can track your progress either in terms of how many classes or how many times you have been working out in a week. Or it could be in terms of increase in your strength and in your stamina. One of the things that I like to do is that I use this very simple weekly tracker to keep note of all the classes that I have been heading in. So writing in this and seeing myself knock out so many classes makes me really happy and encourages me to stay consistent and continue the good streak. So if you guys want to give this weekly tracker a try I will leave a link for this in the description box below. You can get a copy too and give it a try. So guys thank you so much for watching. These were my ideas and hacks for staying consistent with working out which I am trying to implement and I encourage you to do so as well. If you have any more ideas please share them in the comment section below. It will really help out more and others. If you like this video do give it a thumbs up and subscribe so that you don't miss out on any content. I will see you very soon till then take care and bye.