My school tried to host a pro-life assembly, so we walked out. If you don't think the public school system is indoctrinating your child, I got some bad news for you. Why would we expect a curriculum that's based on the idea that we are just stardust with no intrinsic meaning or worth to produce a generation that actually values life? Children from an early age are being indoctrinated into the idea that what's inside of a mother's womb is no more Significant than a clump of cells. We need to be preaching the gospel to this generation because from that Transformation that comes through the gospel people will actually begin to courageously stand for the most vulnerable among us Follow for more Christ-centered content


What's the most important thing to know about being a great leader? Turns out it's knowing ourselves. Welcome back and congratulations on taking one more step towards becoming one of the great leaders of tomorrow. It's November which means that my birthday is coming up and I'm starting to think about who I am, where I've been and where I want to go to. Over my career in the Air Force I was often reminded that one of the most important things we need to know about leadership is knowing ourselves. This is often easier said than done. Sometimes we get caught up in the idea of who others want us to be or who we feel we should be instead of getting to know who we really are as individuals. Knowing ourselves isn't just something we do once in our lives when we're young and then leave it at that. As we get older we learn and grow. Our priorities change and shift over time. That doesn't mean we're abandoning our values or what we believe in. It's just a natural part of life that comes with experience. Because of this we need to recognize that there's no finish line that we cross at some point where we know ourselves. Every so often we should engage in some self-reflection to stay connected with ourselves as a whole and complete person. That's what November's Leadership Challenge is all about. We're going to ask you to reconnect with yourself and dig into a few questions to really get to know you. To get started find a quiet place where you can be alone without any distractions or influence from anyone else. This should also be a place where you feel comfortable being yourself. If you feel like the expectations of others at work or at home might impact the outcome of this exercise maybe find a place outside where you can be comfortable with your thoughts. For this exercise we're going to ask you to answer three big questions about yourself. The first question I'd like you to think about is who am I? People have been asking themselves this question since the beginning of time. It's not an easy one to answer but here are some smaller questions to get you started. What do I like about myself? What am I really great at? What are the areas I would like to improve for myself not for others? When I think of my highest self what am I like? Write the answers to these questions down in your leader's journal. Another question that human beings have asked for millennia is what do I believe in? This is a question that only you can answer for yourself. Despite the expectation of others your beliefs are your own. While others can influence what we think we believe we often know when an idea doesn't align with our own core beliefs. Ignoring those misalignments can often cause conflict within ourselves and with others.  How do I view the world and my relationship with it? Do I see it as mostly a good place, a bad place or a neutral place? How do I fit in with my family, my friends, my community? How do I approach my interactions with those people in the universe? What values or beliefs come to mind as I think about how I fulfill my role? How do I want to represent myself to others and the universe? Make sure you capture these beliefs in your journal as well. Our last question is a little more tangible and easier to answer. What do I want? Although your answer may be different after going through the first two questions than if we had asked you this one first. So what is it that you want? Are you looking for a fulfilling career? Do you want to carry in support of family? Maybe you want to be active in your community or a leader in your industry?  Is there a cause or group of people that you'd really like to help? Are there parts of the world that you want to see in your lifetime? And don't think of these in terms of setting goals and building action steps to get there. Just think of the best things you'd like to do just because you want to. Write all of this down in your journal and think about how all three of these questions help you get an idea of who you are as a human being. There are no wrong answers to any of these questions as long as we're honest with ourselves when we're answering them. This is pretty deep stuff and sometimes it's hard for us to face up to it when we first think about it. If you find that you're not really able to answer these questions right away, don't worry about it. Put it aside and come back to it later. As I mentioned, these are ideas we all have to come back to now and then, so it's okay if you didn't answer all of life's questions in this one exercise. What's important to take home from this is that we should make some time to connect with ourselves and understand who we truly are as individuals without the pressure and noise of the expectations of others. If you found this helpful, please share it with a friend or coworker, follow us on Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn, and click off on that globe to the right. That'll get you subscribed to our email list and that'll bring all of our content directs to your inbox. If you have any leadership or business questions you'd like us to answer, reach out to us on social media or email us at info at evilgeniusleadership.com. Thanks for watching. I really appreciate it. And remember, the future is out there. Lead the way.


On the breakfast, as litmus tests for the 2023 general elections in the country, we take a look at the conduct of the Akiti state elections with Biodu Oyibangi as the winner. Also on the breakfast, Nigeria leads the world in a number of cases of sickle cell disease. According to reports with an estimated 150,000 babies are born annually in Nigeria with the SCD, a hereditary disorder, 70 to 90% die before age 5. What exactly is sickle cell and how can it be treated? Don't forget, we'll also be looking through today's papers analyzing the biggest stories on our national dailies. It's a beautiful Monday morning. Many thanks for joining us on the breakfast. I am Messi Bopu. Well, as always, on the breakfast, we set off with our top trending conversation. We're talking about conversations that have been generating reactions and people talking about it in different paths and in different spaces in our country. Now on top on the list for us is the APC's Biodu Oyibangi winning the ticket of the governorship elections in Akiti. Finally, the elections happened on the 18th of June 2022. The Akiti people have decided. Now, this election is very critical because it's been described as an election that is the closest to the 2023 elections. And some people would say that whatever happens in this election would just be what we should anticipate ahead of 2023. We still have the Ocean State elections coming through. However, INAC declared Biodu Oyibangi winner of the 2022 Akiti governorship elections with a total vote of 187,057 votes. Now, his closest challenge is, if you like to say, of the SDP and the PDP. Now, the SDP scored 82211 votes with the PDP having 67457 votes. It's called for a lot of questioning and reaction. Now, if you look at it, 16 candidates actually contested the elections. And the question about the thought force is still on the front bonnet. Now, our jurors are saying, hey, we're tired of having the dominant political parties in our space. But what happens? A lot of people will think that, you know, ahead of 2023. Now, our jurors will look away from the dominant political party and go for a different party entirely. Some persons are saying the thought force. But that's not necessarily the case. Now, all the persons are saying that our democracy is under threat where you have less than 200 people deciding who becomes a governor in the state. Now, what happens to the total registered numbers that we have? I mean, you have registered voters of 989,224 registered voters.  That's a lot of questions. Definitely be a build-up, you know, to the conversation that would have in the course of our conversation as we move forward. But the question of apathy is number one on the table. Another issue, again, is the issue of, hey, are we going to follow the binary politics of having two dominant political parties? Of course, we'll always follow that. If you see, you know, the developed climes that always tilt towards the two, you know, party. You seem to have multi-party system, but the people always tilt towards, you know, certain political parties, and that's what it is. Now, others have said that it is dependent on the electorate who are very lazy and who have constantly acted differently and decided not to look away. Another issue that was very dominant is the issue of get your PVC, go out there and cast your vote. But on the other hand, you also find that there were reports of vote buying and we saw videos emerging where people were very, very proud to say, hey, I sought my vote, you know, with a little change that they have. Practically counted some of those notes that I saw, 2,000, if you want to say, 1,500. But you see, that's the reality of our politics. Away from that, we also look at another conversation that's around the 2023 elections. Of course, it's the eve of the election, you want to say. The possibility of having the NNPP and the Labour Party having a measure. Now, in 2015, in 2022 today, or however you want to put it, it's a combination of a thought force. Remember, now, opposition party, four of them came together and formed a party that actually challenged the good luck Jonathan administration in 2015. And at a time, we're talking about the PDP. Now, one thing that was very certain is the fact that there was no doubt whatsoever that the PDP didn't see that coming, that there will be a measure or a thought force that would definitely come through to challenge those in power. So, a lot of conversation is going, let's not forget that the Labour Party, you have Peter Albee, who is a former governor of Anambara State, who is actually the flag bearer. And this is the talks because we have that. I hope to bring that tweet the way it is or the way it's been quoted. Now, Nigerians will be happy with the outcome of the NNPP and Labour Party discussion according to Spokesman, the National Publicity Secretary of the New Nigerian People's Party, has said that the outcome of this party discussion with Labour Party would be satisfactory to Nigerians. Now, by the time we're done with the discussion between the NNPP hashtag and the LLP, Nigerians will be happy whichever way it turns out, and this is according to reports. So, there's a tendency and there's been a big question of having a thought force. This is the thought force that Nigerians are looking forward to. Is that possibility of having a thought force in 2023? It's also another question. How possible would that be? We're looking at two parties now.  You need to also understand that it takes a lot. But if that's the case, what happens? How come we have not seen the reflection of a thought force in the IKT State elections and in the Ocean State elections? Is there going to be the presence of a thought force? And that's it. But we move away from the second top trending. It's been generating several reactions in different spaces and we get to another interesting issue. We talked about security. Now, a presidential candidate, of course, of the all-progressive Congress we're talking about, former governor of Lagos State, Bola Akma Tunambu, his convoy was actually attacked. Now, if you get to the micro-blogging platform, there's been a lot of reactions. And people are saying that the hashtag there is hashtag staged. And so you see a lot of people saying this is actually staged and we think that, oh, this is just supposed to get sympathy. Let's not forget that this is politics and anything can actually happen. But also we cannot look away and we can also not take our eyes away from the real issue. The issue is that the country is plagued with insecurity. Insecurity is on top of the front bonnet. We see a lot of security threats. I mean, a lot's been going on in different parts of the country. And so should we rule out the fact that there are security challenges? Whether this is actually staged or not staged, I mean, this is what it is. You see broken glasses and you can see that on the screen. Some persons who have sustained injury. I mean, will anyone go to this extent to stage this? For what reason? Why? When you have lives being under threat and properties being destroyed. But it behoves on the security personnel.  It brings us back to the fact that, you know, this issues do not respect anyone. It doesn't really matter whether or not you are the governor or the president or an aspiring president or an aspiring governor or you're aspiring to become anything. Security is a major concern and that's why we keep saying that we need to be on top of the issue. We cannot sit back, fold our hands and hope that we do not do anything because you never can tell what it is. But we are hoping that the bodies that are settled with the responsibility would swing into action. We're hoping to get more reports. Investigation should be on this particular issue to find out who those who are behind this kind of acts. It's actually very dangerous. I mean, anything that opposes as a threat to national security should be a major issue and concern.  And the fact that not just him, but you also have members of that convoy being attacked. I mean, you can actually see that the Lagos State Government's office. So, yes, the question here is that we're hoping that the police would wake up, rise up to her responsibility and investigate and bring those responsible to book. That's what it is. So, this are some of the conversations generating different reactions on different spaces. Also, within the week, we have the issue of having the mass barrel for the war massacre victims. Very, very sad. And it still reminds us that we need to take security very, very serious. Government needs to understand that security is top on the front burner of every government at different levels. That's it on the top trending this morning. We'll take a break when we return. This continues with our front pages. Stay with us. Good morning.


Hey, what's up everybody? Welcome to tomorrow. It's a really exciting time for spaceflight right now. So much is happening But what has me excited is a qualification test for the space launch system and a new crew on a new spaceship bound for the International Space Station. This is your space pod for July 6th, 2016 So first off I wanted to give a huge Congratulations to NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Lockheed Martin for the successful orbital insertion of the Juno spacecraft around Jupiter Oh, man. I'm really excited about this. However, that's not what I'm going to be talking about today Jared head's gonna be making a space pod that you'll see later this month giving you the full rundown about the Juno spacecraft What I wanted to talk about today was a critical rocket booster test for the space launch system which took place on June 28th Specifically, this was the second and last ground qualification test of the five-segment solid rocket booster an upgraded version of the solid rocket boosters that were used with the space shuttle Solid rocket motor powering us on our journey to Mars The test successfully took place at orbital ATK's test facilities in Promontory, Utah and delivered approximately 3.6 million pounds of thrust when the booster was tested They tried to condition the temperature of the motor to around 40 degrees Fahrenheit Which is the colder end of the accepted temperature range for the propellant on these solid rocket boosters And when it was ignited the temperatures inside the booster reached nearly 6,000 degrees Fahrenheit This was to simulate the temperature of the boosters while it was near the end of flight before they would burn out and be Separated from the core stage of the space launch system The first qualification motor test was to simulate the boosters at launch and that test was successfully completed in March of 2015 Pending any major redesigns or fixes Hopefully the test data looks great and the solid rocket boosters will be ready for the space launch system's debut flight in 2018 all that remains to have the rocket ready for that first flight is the testing and integration on the RS 25 engines that will power the core stage of the space launch system and Work on the upper stage which may or may not be changing soon But that's a topic for another time moving right along China conduct a surprise launch of a long March 4b rocket on Wednesday, June 29th at 321 coordinated universal time The launch of this rocket took place from the G-Quan Space Center in Northwest China's Inner Mongolia region and it lofted a secret Chinese spy satellite called the Shijian 16-2 Apparently the second Shijian 16 as usual China did not announce this launch ahead of time Which is their practice with military payloads and as for the rest of this month We do know that there is a non-military Chinese launch that's taking place and hopefully that goes off well But then again, we might be surprised with some more military payloads this month We'll see now finally I wanted to talk about how later tonight We will hopefully be seeing a successful Soyuz launch with a new crew for the International Space Station This launch will be with an upgraded spaceship the MS series of Soyuz spacecraft Which features more efficient solar panels a new lightweight docking system a new lightweight computer system And the ability to have continuous telemetry and control via satellites not just via ground stations The launch of this spacecraft was delayed a little bit due to a problem with the control system However engineers believe that the problem has been resolved and hopefully this new spacecraft will be able to rendezvous and dock with the International Space Station successfully The crew on board this spacecraft are going to be from left to right Roscosmos, Cosmonaut Anatoly Ivanishin, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins and JAXA astronaut Takuya Onishi So good luck to everyone at Roscosmos and NASA Hopefully they have a successful launch and good luck to Expeditions 47 and 48 I hope that your missions at the International Space Station are successful So now I want to know what you think about all of this Do you think that the space launch system will be ready to fly in 2018? Do you ever think that we'll get extended launch coverage from China? I don't know. Let me know in the comment section below what you think about all of these updates And also subscribe to our YouTube channel if you haven't already We're also all over the internet and would invite you to connect with us on Facebook, Reddit, Twitter and of course our website tomorrow.tv Where you can join in the conversation with us and other space enthusiasts This is a crowdfunded show through Patreon and I want to give a huge shout out and a very big thank you to both of our founders of tomorrow Who are contributing $50 or more every month so that we can create this show But I also want to give a huge thank you to all of our architects, engineers, ambassadors and dreamers of tomorrow Whose continued support allows us to keep making these space pods So thank you so much to all of you. I'm eternally grateful for your generosity It just amazes me that we're able to do all of this And if you would like to support the show, if you're not already, please visit patreon.com.spacepod So thank you for watching this video. My name is Michael Clark And hopefully you know just a little bit more today than you did yesterday Keep moving onwards and upwards everybody and I will see you in the future


There everybody, Dr. O here. This short video I want to talk about filtration. So we have two types of filtration. We're going to talk about filtration in the air and filtration in liquids. So first we have, we do have HEPA filtration. So HEPA stands for high efficiency particulate air filters. Any air filter with a pore size of 0.3 micrometers or smaller is a HEPA filter. So that's, you've heard of HEPA filters. When I was in college, they were rare and expensive. Now like our vacuum has them, we have several around the house. So that's HEPA filtration to remove microbes from air. Very important, right? Think about the microbes being filtered in the healthcare environment, et cetera, et cetera. But I want to focus a little bit more on membrane filtration. So membrane filtration is a great way to, to remove microbes from liquids. Now the key here is heat sensitive materials. So a membrane filter, I have a picture here just showing how the pore sizes are going to impact what travels through it. So a membrane filter has to have a pore size of 0.2 micrometers or smaller. This image is really cool here. You can actually see those pores and see the microbes being captured. They can't travel through. So this is a way to actually sterilize things that you can't eat up, that you can't, that are heat sensitive. So I've even seen pores now as small as 0.08 micrometers and I'm sure they'll keep getting smaller. So you can actually sterilize even removing, you know, bacteria or getting to the point where removing viruses and prions and these kinds of things. So if you need to remove microbes from something without heating it up, filtration is the way to go. So what examples would be happier? So we have a few here vitamins, antibiotics, and then any other heat sensitive component. But the main one I want to talk about is vaccines, right? Vaccines at this point have to be refrigerated. They cannot be heated up. So filtration is a great way to quote unquote, you know, sterilize a vaccine without, without cooking it. So obviously, antibiotics are just important, but the reason I want to talk about vaccines is because this is a huge issue, right? Some experts believe that half the vaccines that are administered around the globe are useless because you couldn't maintain the cold chain, which means they didn't stay refrigerated the entire time. Right?  And it's spotty. So refrigeration is a huge issue in many parts of the world. So you take these very, very heat sensitive vaccines and antibiotics and you have them, you know, you travel around countries with them in styrofoam coolers. It just doesn't work. So we'll talk about this more with vaccines, but in the future, if you were to tell me what's the one thing we could do to make vaccines better, obviously I'd want them to be more effective and, and less side effects and whatever, cheaper, all these things. But vaccines that do not require refrigeration would be my number one choice. So filtration, just remember, it's a, it's a critically important way to control microbial growth when you can't use heat. And those are your two examples. HEPA filtration for the air, membrane filtration for liquids. I hope this helps. Have a wonderful day. Be blessed.


Firey horse with a speed of light, the Claude of Dust, and the Hardy Hioes Selver, the Lone Ranger. During the years of unrest that followed the Civil War, a powerful secret organization called the Legion of the Black Arrow sprang up in the western United States. Its members were to be found everywhere, defying the law or using the law for their own purposes, working toward the ultimate goal of revolt and the foundation of a despotic empire. It was the masked rider of the plains who led the fight against this band of outlaws and traitors, and for once his great strength and courage, his daring and resourcefulness were taxed to the utmost in the cause of democracy. Return with us now to those thrilling days when the West was young. From out of the past come the thundering hoofbeats of a great horse, Selver. The Lone Ranger rides again. On the trail from Painted Bend, heading west toward the Sawtooth Range, the Lone Ranger and Santa were galloping along when they suddenly saw a giant tree ahead of them crack and start swaying, just as a solitary rider and his horse stumbled beneath the tree. That rider dropped to ground. The tree came down pretty quick. His horse is out of the path of the tree, but he's lying on the ground. Hi! Danger! Are you shutting, Tutto? He's stunned. Ride for it. Come on, Selver. Look out for a tree. I'll try to drag him away. Steady, Selver. Watch the tree. Oh, come on, Selver. Are you all right? Steady, Selver. Steady, boy. Let me take care of this ranger rider. Are you unhurt? No, Tutto. Selver's speed carried me past the falling tree by inches. Can you drag Man away plenty quick? Your arm take all his weight. Him plenty heavy. I got his belt in my hand, Tutto. My arm's a little sore, but it'll pass. Selver, go like racing wind. Scout not able to keep up with him. We have to stop another side of tree. Oh, where's my pony? Easy, mister. Tutto, is he all right? Let me see. What happened? Well, him not hurt. Him hit ground plenty hard, that all. Where's my pony? Must have stepped into a gophole. Your horse was tripped. Huh? The rope was stretched tall across the trail. When your pony's hoofs hit it, that tree started falling. What tree? You mean a... A mavericks was lying under that? That's right hard.  It's not a nasty accident. It wasn't an accident. That tree had been cut through and popped up with a sturdy branch. But the rope would pull the branch away and bring the tree crashing down.  You're right into a deadfall. A deadfall? Well, mister, I'm sure a blast.  You're wearing a mess. Who did this to you? It all depends on where you were, mister. You and the engine. Outlaws, huh? Maybe you fixed up that deadfall for me. Stop acting that way. We're trying to... Yeah, I know you're my friends. We're stowing your saddlebags. Gary Reynolds ain't got no friends. The next time, don't try this old dodge or save an agent from a trap. You'll fix yourself just to win his confidence. I'm wise to your schemes. You're suspicious. Mighty suspicious. And I aim to stay that way. Once burned, twice shy a mess, man. Howdy-o, sir. No thanks to you. Get along, pony. Ah, him not think you save his life. Doesn't look as if he wants company, Tutto. Let him go. Him not want to help to find out who said deadfall? That's his business. We go back a long trail, huh? That depends, Tutto. We might try and go... Look out! Look, keep us hobby. Somebody shoot arrow from other side of canyon. It hit tree. There's a note fastened to that arrow. Huh. It's not black arrow. It's plain arrow. The note says keep after him. Huh? Must mean Gary Reynolds. Not right, but who shoot arrow from... Tutto see black horse on other side of canyon, right out from behind rock. It's a mysterious girl. The girl who's helped us before. She send note by arrow. We go after her, huh? No, Kimosabe. It's too far to see her face. We'd have to take a long way around to reach the other rim of the canyon. She'll be gone by then. Ah, that's right. Besides, she wants to stay unknown. We must respect her wish. Here, Silver. Oh, Scout. Hey, Silver. We'll head along the trail. Gary Reynolds may not want our help, but wanted to know he's going to get it. Come on, Silver.  The little town of Sawtooth stood at the base of Clawhammer Mountain, highest peak in the Sawtooth range. Several hours after dark, two men rode into town and hitched their horses at the rail of the Blue Star. One stayed outside. The other entered through the back door. Who's that? Speak up or reach for your guns. Sure fancy the dark, don't you, Slade? Oh, it's you, Dorgon. Yeah. A little Tigo outside. We didn't get Reynolds. A masked man on a white horse saved him. Sure, the lone ranger's meddling again, eh? That's who it was, Slade. I wonder how come he happened to be around that spot? That's passing done with no sense wondering. What troubles me is what's going to happen from now on in. Well, Rangel, don't leave things half-finish, Slade. Yeah. I reckon the black arrow better get busy, Dorgon. Anything you say. We've been doing all we could to keep Reynolds from marrying Sally Blake. We ain't killing yet, but otherwise we're doing all right.  Sally thinks I'm right, pleasant company. Dorgon, I reckon you better mosey over at the Blake Ranch, or I'll get there early in the morning. Hey, uh, I got some things I want you to show, Miss Sally. Morning, Miss Sally. Fine day, isn't it? Brought, Dorgon. Howdy. I just rode out from Sawtooth the past time of day. How's everything? Who's that? Who is? Oh, howdy, Dorgon. Howdy, Mr. Blake. Wonder if I could, uh, see a private like. What about? Well, I got something wrapped up in this here blanket. You might be interested in thunder. Brandon Irons. Slipped. I didn't mean for Miss Sally to see them. They're running out, but why shouldn't I see them? Is there any reason? Keno, I reckon there's no use telling you to close your eyes now. Mr. Blake, I don't know how you regard Gary Reynolds, but this here is going to be bad news for you, Miss Sally. Reynolds is a no-good coyote. Howdy. Howdy, Miss Sally. Howdy, Mr. Blake. Sally, I can beg to tell you I'm right. Sorry. Reynolds, turn around and get off my spread. Huh? Did you say that? Bam-oose. High-tail out of here and don't ever come back. Oh, now wait a minute. I don't savvy. Guy Sally all we had was a little quarrel, and an argument doesn't mean we got to break up. Please. There's no use talking about it. I never believed you were a cattle rustler, but... Cattle rustler? Me? Not half an hour ago, someone came here with proof. Two Brandon Irons with our brand on them and... and your glove. They were found in our range. Father wanted to turn you over to the sheriff, but I asked him to just let you go because I... because I... You'd better go. Go now. Oh, Sally. Go before Father changes his mind. Go. Radios.  Oh, Father. Reynolds, go this way. Long fail, huh? There's a ranch up ahead, Taddo. You ought to be there by now, and then follow. Huh? Rain up. There's Reynolds now. Ah, him ride from ranch and him ride fast. He didn't stay there very long, did he? We go off trail? No, wait for him. Wait right here on the path. What do you want? Hello, Reynolds. The nurse, ma'am. Mr. I owe you on the engine something. Ah, you'll not thank us at all. It's not thanks I owe you, engine. I just come from the Lazy B range. Miss Sally and her father consider me a cattle rustler. Not an hour ago, they were given a couple of Brandon Irons and one of my gloves. Those Brandon Irons were used to change brains, to rustle Blake's cattle, and with my glove. That's evidence that you're the ghillie one. Who took that evidence, Sir Sally's father, mister? You were the engine. Ah, never mind. I reckon it must have been the engine. You're mashed. But even if it was the engine, you're the one behind it. You're making a mistake, Reynolds. What are you trying to do?  Him not outlaw. Well, make me bust outlaw an engine. Not an outlaw.  You're wrong again, Reynolds.  Mister, I'm mad. I'm plenty mad.  I ain't going local and turning outlaw just because folks don't trust me. And I can still see straight enough to shoot. You're not full guns. Make sure you're shooting Irons' mask man before I blast you out of your saddle.  You asked for it. I warned you. You shot the guns right out of my hands. Otto, pick up his guns and give them back to him. Ah, time to do it. Here. Here, guns. And you'll not try to use them. Hey, Kino, mister, you beat me to the draw this time. Ah, you haven't got past this draw on West. Maybe he has now, engine, but I aim to practice up Savvy. Call it quits, Reynolds. We didn't set that dead fall and we didn't plant that evidence against you. Let's join forces. Nothing doing. Not while I'm alive. I'm sane out of yours here, but I ain't forgetting. We'll meet up against Savvy. We'll meet again, and when we do, there'll be another gunfight. Next time, it'll be me that's faster on the draw.  Get up, pony. Ah, not plenty bad. He ain't got plenty bad temper. Yes, Tutto, a hair trigger temper. Although I wonder who's behind all this. That's enough, Dorgon.  Sure, sure, Slade. See, you saw Reynolds beat the little Reggie, eh? Yeah, that's what started me laughing. Reynolds is acting local, he's so mad. He had a shooting scrape with a masked man. Leaves the Ranger, Tutto framed him, eh? I reckon that's a way of it, Slade. Sure leaves us riding high and handsome, doesn't it? The Reynolds forbid the trespass on the lazy bee spread. I don't think it should take long before you get to be forming there, Dorgon. Too bad Abner Blake didn't call a sheriff. Never mind, maybe it's better this way.  Once I'm forming, we can run those cattle off with a dozen. Yeah. I'll get a cow hand jar for Letigo, so he can help me there. Yeah, where's Letigo now, I said. Yeah, at the back door. Want me to fetch him? Yeah, come along. I want to go for a ride anyways. Hey, what's that? Sounds like Letigo. Yeah, but where the ruckus was. It wouldn't have been better than much. It was over most as soon as it started. Letigo! Yeah, I don't see him. I told him to stay put. Letigo usually obeys orders. I can't understand what happened. Hey, Dorgon, lookie here. Huh? I found it right here on the ground, right beside the hoop marks of a horse. What do you mean? I mean, Letigo was yanked off his feet by a man riding that horse. He was taken away from here. Who could have done it?  Look what I'm holding. A bullet. A silver bullet, Dorgon. It was a lone rager. The curtain falls on the first act of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. Now to continue our story. Holding Letigo in an iron grip, the Lone Ranger guided Silver up the slopes of Clawhammer Mountain till he reached the spot where Tonto had made camp. Then while Tonto stood grimly by, the masked man shot question after question at the outlaw. Oh, senior, I have nothing to do with this. No, I was talking that way. I looked in the window, the blue star, before you saw me. That man inside was Slade. Who was the other man? He got the name of Dorgon. Does he have anything to do with the Lazy Bee Ranch? No, senior. Will he have anything to do with it? How much you hear, huh? Enough to know when you're not telling the truth. Oh, see, see, mask man. Letigo talk. Dorgon, he will perhaps be Segundo for Lazy Bee. Segundo, Foreman. I see. Dorgon is an outlaw who specializes in cattle wrestling. You've got knowledge of many things. See, that is so. That's the reason for the attempt on Reynolds' life. See, he was four minutes around you. To get him out of the way so Dorgon could get the job. That's right. How did Reynolds' glove get mixed up with those running irons? Dorgon, he's friend Reynolds. Oh, friend, huh? See, uh, him not friend, him enemy. Sometime Reynolds is going to find that out. Him got head like bull, him stubborn, not listen.  Look at this man's wrist, Tonneau. What's the matter? I have nothing on wrist. Now you let me look. Uh, no mark on wrist. Only Slade and Dorgon, they... Go on. They what? See, on wrist. They got tattoo mark of little black arrow. Tonneau, sure of that. Senior, what that arrow means, huh? If you don't know, you can count yourself lucky. Oh, then I don't ask, huh? I have one more question. Slade doesn't stay in town. Where does he camp? Senior, I must not tell. Where? Well, a little bit more of mountain. Slade got camp. A camp upon Clawhammer Mountain? See.  You're not to put me in jail. You go to jail when we get Slade and Dorgon in as well. And that shouldn't be very far off. The following day, Rob Dorgon met Slade on the edge of town. Slade had just ridden down from his camp up in the mountain. They got to his Dorgon on the way down the mountainside. I happened to notice smoke rising through the trees. I left my horse and investigated it. Where is it? Somebody's camp? Not somebody's. It was a mask man. The Lone Rangers? Yeah. Letigo was there in the engine. But the mask man was not there. I don't know where he was. I don't know where he was. Yeah. Letigo was there in the engine. But the mask man wasn't there. I wonder where he could be. I don't know. But he'll be back in camp come nightfall. The engine says, you know where to get a hold of Reynolds? I reckon I can.  Tell him if he gets up there tonight, he'll get the mask man sure. I'll tell him, but it's more likely the mask man will get him. Only savvy this, Dorgon. It'll be dark.  But in the darkness, he's just as apt to miss a gun and hit Reynolds. That's right, Slade. There ain't many guys like yours that can see in the dark. Very good traveling. Talk to Reynolds. He thinks you're his friend. And work on that temper of his, savvy.  Father, I hear a horse coming.  I'm going to find out. Oh, I thought you might be...  You thought I was Gary Reynolds? Yes, I did. You don't know me, Miss Blake, but I've just learned that Gary Reynolds isn't the rustler your father thinks he is. You wear a mask, but I already know who you are. And I know that Gary isn't guilty. You already know? Yes. I spoke to a girl on a black horse, mister. She was waiting near the spring. A girl on a... did you see her face? No, she was hidden behind a branch of the tree.  And she convinced you of Reynolds' innocence? I reckon I was easy to convince, mister. I love Gary. Maybe you're convinced, Sally, but I'm not. I need more in the word of a mysterious girl and I need more in the word of this mask man. Mr. Blake, the men who have been rustling your cattle are Slade and Dorgan. Yeah, then prove it. That's what I'm here for. Would you ride with me to locate young Reynolds? Well, I... Please, Father. We'll talk to him and then we'll go after Dorgan and Slade. How about it, Blake? Keeno, mister. I reckon Sally won't rest until this is straightened out. We'll get her horses. Won't be a minute, mask man. Heading back toward Sawtooth, Abner Blake went ahead into town while the lone ranger and Sally Blake looked around outside the town. Toward evening, Blake returned with word of Reynolds' whereabouts. It took a while, mister, but I finally got some information from the barkeeper, the blue star. Reynolds is staying out of the abandoned line shack near Clawhammer Crick. There's still time to get there before dark. This way. Get him on the silver. Gary, where are you? Well, there's no light and his horse is gone. Hey, Reynolds. He isn't here, mask man. He's pulled up stakes. And where can he be? Blake. Huh? Here, look at these tracks. How many horses did Reynolds have? He only had one. That's right, mister. He already had one collar today and not long ago. Here are the hoof marks of two horses. You're right. And this one here is Reynolds' horse. I can tell. Mister, it looks to me like he started traveling mighty fast.  What does it mean? I'm not sure. It's too late to follow his trail. It's getting dark and the ground turns rocky. But I have a camp up on Clawhammer Mountain. Suppose we go up there? Anything you say, mister. We better move pronto. Sally Silver. Get up, Mila. Get along, mighty. Come on, Silver. Good morning. We look for Reynolds. Fix everything, huh? I hope we locate him, tunnel. There's a lot of space on Clawhammer Mountain, mister. Slade and Dorgan have a camp further up the mountain. Kimosabe. What is it, tunnel? We walk over to near Horseson. Something to tell me. Oh, not right. Blake, will you keep an eye on our prisoner? Sure will, mister. I'll keep him here. Go occupy. Yes, what is it, tunnel? When you leave, somebody comes spy on camp. What's that? Oh, taught to see sign. Who is it, Kimosabe? Oh, taught to not know. Right to go away before taught to find tracks. That's bad. Might have been Slade. Maybe Dorgan. Either one, that means they know where we're camped and we don't know where they are. We may be find trail and dark. It's possible, but it'll be difficult. As long as we're cautious and make sure nobody attacks our camp during the night. You said those words too late, mister. I was told I'd find you here. It's Reynolds. Reynolds, we've been looking for you. How did you find my camp? A friend of mine named Dorgan told me about it. He said I'd find you here and he was right. Kimosabe, him reach for gun. Gary, Gary, don't. Not that gun. Don't be crazy, Reynolds. Yes, we'll right you to the next time in a minute. Gary, look out. Gary, look out. Kimosabe. Gary, Gary, you shot at me. You felt at the ground. Your hot-headed young fool is your friend. He's the lone ranger. The lone ranger? But I thought... You thought. You didn't have time to think. It was Dorgan and Slade that fixed it to make you look guilty. Dorgan, Dorgan was my friend. He wasn't. He just pretended. Tonto, Tonto was the masked man. Busy. Tonto, not sure. You bring torch. Tonto, see a bullet hit him bad. Gary, Gary, what have you done? Shots down the mountain. Did you hear him, Slade? Yeah, I heard him. It was Reynolds. Either he's finished or the masked man is. Scared of that fire. I hear something. Scared of the fire. Somebody coming. Get busy. Yeah, that's right. I forgot you can see in the dark. Still next to the horses. Coming this way. You can still spot the embers glowing, Slade. As long as you don't spot us. Dorgan. Yeah. How long has it been since we heard those shots? Well, half an hour maybe. Half an hour, yeah. They're making about right. Right for what? Give this hombre time enough to get up here. It's either the masked man or Reynolds. He's getting off his horse. Yeah. Must be walking toward the embers. I can't see him. I can. It's Reynolds. Reynolds, huh? That means he got the masked man. All right. I don't want him to hear you. Fire's been scattered, but I'll get him. Rachel Storys, Reynolds. What the? Walk right in, didn't you? For good, I can see better most folks in the dark. Take your shooting eyes, Dorgan. You know.  That is, when you let your temper get the best of you. I know all about it.  You'll frame me, not the masked man. The masked man's dead, Eddie. You shot him, didn't you? Yeah, I shot him.  You know what we're gonna do?  That's as you'd notice. They're gonna give you the same thing you gave the Lone Ranger. I'm gonna pull a trigger on your Reynolds and you'll get... Oh, wait and blaze this. You're not the only one who can see in the dark, Slade. Don't reach for those guns. He's a masked man. He's alive. Shoot him down, Dorgan. Find him down, Silver. Where is he? Where is he? You're shooting wild, Dorgan. Take this. I don't move, Slade. Hey, Slade, you shot me by a sman. Stop whimpering. You weren't touched. Reynolds, fill up that fire. Mister, mister, you're alive. But I thought... One of you, well, let's grade my Ford. I was unconscious for a few minutes. You mean after I galloped out of camp to get these lion umbrishes? There's a ton of bait in my wound and I woke up and we came after you. Someone on the fire as the others can see. Aye! Aye, teamers, honey! I see you got him, mister. Is Dorgan shot up? Uh-huh. Him not shot. Master ran hit Dorgan with fist, huh? Yes, Tutto. Blake, will you see that these two get what's coming to them? Aye, sure will, mister. Don't you move a muscle, Slade. That is a little bit... We can go then, Tutto. Adios! Adios! And don't you worry about a thing, Mask Man. From now on, Reynolds is going to be like one of the family. Adios! Is that right, Gary? Will you be like one of the family?  You certainly had. I tried to shoot the masked man. Twice I tried to. Then he turns around and saves my life and collars his arm braze in the bargain. Oh, I'll reckon I'm just a pure skunk.  And I don't think you'll make any more. Somehow, when the Lone Ranger trusts a man, you can't help feeling that man is all right. Just like you're going to be all right, Gary. Well, Tutto, which way do we go from here? We take Overland Trail. We go to Majorville. What's that? Why Majorville? What makes you sound so positive? Well, Miss Sally, she'd tell me Mysterious Girl go to Majorville. Take Overland Trail. Hunter, sure you go that way, too. Tutto, wherever the Mysterious Girl goes, we always find Black Arrow Outlaws to deal with. If she took the Overland Trail, so will we. We'll just count how soon we're fully... The story you have just heard is a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger Incorporated.


I think the word is fregan.   Would you be on board with that?  I think the reducitarian message is way more radical than my message. Because it's radical to cut heads off for sandwiches. I don't know, I hear cooked human meat tastes a bit like roast pork. Hi, I'm Joe. Your name's Joe? Yeah, my name's Joe. Unreal. So the sign here says why aren't you vegan, but do you oppose the ethical principle of veganism? I'd just maybe like to be a bit clearer on what it is. So I totally buy that the suffering of animals matters in the relevant senses as much as humans do. What I'm not so sure about is like a non-consequentialist framing of veganism. Right? And what I mean by that is like, I don't see why it's a problem to eat meat insofar as it doesn't actually affect reduction of factory farming. So I'm talking about like eating same meat for leftovers in meals. I like being upfront about that. Okay, so yeah, I'd be most concerned with whether or not an animal's rights has been violated in order to produce that food, mainly like their negative rights I'm talking about. And whether or not that animal is sentient, because their sentience is what we share in common. And you're on board with being against animal suffering. You said you're not on board with taking a non-consequentialist view? Yeah. So that would be my view, would be a rights-based view. But then you sort of lumped this non-consequentialist view in with eating leftover scraps. So where I see it, the rights already been violated by the point the animal's been killed, right? After the fact, there's not much to be done, right? I will join you on the picket line and I will not buy animal-based products in supermarkets. Why not? Why wouldn't you buy them? Because that would put money into the animal farming industry and that does contribute to factory farming. Yeah, of course. Yeah, I'm not just opposed to factory farming, by the way.  All right, I'm not just opposed to factory farming or to my position isn't just a negative utilitarian sense in so much as to reduce suffering. I think that leads to egregious conclusions if you follow it to its logical conclusion. Okay.  You sure? So you're on board with supply and demand, which is good. Some people might not be like, so you're on board with the fact that if you create a demand for something you're contributing to it. My perfect world is also that factory farming and even animal farming doesn't exist. I guess maybe I'm a strict utilitarian in that it wouldn't bother me so much if there were humane castle farms where they lived as long or longer than they potentially were in the wild.  Does it bother you at all though?  Yeah, I mean there's an interesting one, it's like you know, animals die in the wild like I don't think it's necessarily better for the cow that it's, as I say, shot with like one of those polyplas then say torn up by like however many wolves that were in the wild. If it dies naturally that would obviously be better. I'm aware we probably don't disagree that much. Yeah, like if someone dies naturally it's not a rights violation is it?  Okay, so this might be where yeah consequentialism is a bit unpalatable. It's harder to derive rights.  Is it okay to run through and just shoot them all in the back of the head provided no one, it caused no one any suffering and no one, there was no extrinsic suffering because of it, no one knew about it. So would you be on board with that? Because that would be, you know, that wouldn't necessarily cut against the suffering argument. So here's the thing, you ideally would factor in the down the line consequences of doing something like that. So I would be pro say right to human dignity in like the Bentham sense of a social right as opposed to a natural right. And all that means is you give a right to humans and I think a right to animals as you're describing just so that you don't get these mass exploitations which absolutely would cause massive suffering. If one thing everyone have huge insecurity then I'll end up in one of these farms. No, but what if we handled any like any extrinsic suffering or any like what if it was on an island or something and no one knew about it?  It becomes harder to justify it. What I worry is what's grounding this natural rights in yeah, even people or animals because I'm not sure how to ground rights that isn't in a sense that's consequentialist or true to sentience. That's a good question. You're not sure how to ground rights. I would say based on inherent value. That's what human rights are based off of. We share inherent value. So no matter your race, you know, socioeconomic status or things like this, we grant humans rights and children rights even if they're not as developed or things like this. We just grant those rights based on inherent value and I'd say that's because we are sentient. What happens to us matters to us and we share that characteristic with animals as well. Sure, but would you be okay calling that a social rights rather than a natural rights? So I think when you're saying when you say social rights are you talking about rights that in law? It would be something of the effect of okay, let's take a view of how society wants to live in, right? And one metric of which to do so would be a high utility society, right? And you would construct laws therein on something like a rule based utilitarian rule that would justify those. Now out of that comes out of things like human rights because you actually want people to have an inherent sense of dignity and not to be, say, anxious about being exploited all the time because that's just sort of society wants to live in. And I would extend that to animals. I would absolutely extend that to animals. But the meta- Would extend social rights to animals? Yeah, I would absolutely. Look, if I could legislate tomorrow that animals couldn't be killed and used for meat consumption I would do it. Even if it caused no suffering? Even if doing so caused no suffering? Well, I would do it because it causes them suffering. So even if it doesn't necessarily, like killing doesn't entail suffering. Violating rights doesn't entail suffering. Violating social rights doesn't entail suffering. That's what I'm saying. You are on board with animal rights by your, we just have different definitions of rights. It's like a semantic sting in a way legal rights protect us as humans. We should extend basic fundamental rights to animals in law based on the fact that we share this property sentience which gives us inherent value. Now, you don't have to call that call it moral rights or natural rights if you have an issue with that. But like I think we're basically saying the same thing. We'll find out if I really do believe that I wouldn't protect animals if I didn't think that doing so would alleviate their suffering. If I actually view say killing in themselves is a harm in ourselves. I struggle to justify why it is because I genuinely tend to think that harm is always related to suffering. Let me just say like you're sitting here right now. What if I just give all these, have you seen Men in Black? Yes. You know how they got that thatch? They had that memory loss thing? Sorry. What if I just get you shot in the back of the head right now? You don't know any different. All right. Men in Black raid this whole school. They forget about you. We erase you from any record. Would you want a right protection you from that? Because you didn't suffer at all. You're actually, yeah. So here's the thing and this is what I get. I'm going to be more radical and against the grain and so public mindset here. But genuinely here's the thing. The reason why I would want a right protect me of that is because I wouldn't want paranoia all day every day that someone could pull up and do that to me. Let's just address that and say that that wouldn't, you wouldn't be paranoid because you wouldn't know about it, preemptive know about it. So we can address that too. Like I'm just taking away these variables. No, for sure, for sure, for sure. See if you really are against rights. Yeah, yeah. No, I think I maybe do have to accept that radical conclusion and I struggle to give the language why I wouldn't. For animals? Oh, what I'd like to be clear about is whatever standard I apply will apply equally to humans and to animals. So what happened here is Joe actually bit the bullet on being shot in the head as long as it didn't cause any suffering or any preemptive paranoia about being shot in the head. So therefore his position does cut against both human and animal rights. Joe is very consistent though. He doesn't have a double standard when it comes to humans or animals. But he just thinks that if you take care of any suffering that might happen extrinsic or of the individual, then it's okay to shoot them in the head which is against both human and animal rights. So we have a different position there. So now, have you ever heard veganism explain from a rights perspective like that? Have you just heard from a suffering perspective or this something like this? I haven't heard it in the context of animal ethics specifically but I am familiar with right space versus consequentialist accounts of ethics. Yeah, so for me, just to be clear, I do have a combination of rights and consequentialism. It's just after a certain threshold of utility or suffering, I will say that we have to let go of the right of that individual. And the threshold can be very high. So I'm not for mass murdering infinite universes to protect the right of one mouse. So there is obviously a threshold and I think it's something called threshold deontology or something like this. I don't know where that line is but I'm sure it's quite high before I would say we can test on one human to save a million or something like this. It would have to be in the billions or something like that. I don't know. It's difficult, right? Because that threshold is going to be arbitrary. So I think my consequentialist position at least doesn't have that problem that you don't have to pick an arbitrary threshold. Well, it has a very serious problem. So if you're pure utilitarian, if five people get pleasure from abusing one person, then the utility outweighs the suffering there. So then from a utilitarian point of view, that would be something that's okay to do. Yeah, and in isolation, that is an annoying entailment. With the rights, you don't have that if that person has rights. What's interesting though is the vegan movement, I take it to be in the 21st century lodged by Peter Singer, who is much more radically utilitarian than I am. Or maybe just one leading figure. No. Okay. Well, he wrote a book called Animal Liberation, which is, you know, a lot of people read and loved. But veganism was coined by Donald Watson in 1944 and the definition was coined by Leslie Cross in the 50s I think and the original definition of veganism was that man should, the doctrine that man should loop without exploiting animals. Okay. Yeah. Very, very well. Peter Singer is a utilitarian. I would probably disagree with him on many topics. I don't really know the breadth of his, if he's pure utilitarian, if he is a pure utilitarian, I'd have a very strong... Well, he's very radical. He's like, he's pro like fourth trimester, which means like post birth abortions for the sake of utility. So it's like, it's radical. Yeah, well, rights would protect that, maybe from that. For sure. Provided they're sentient, you know. Yeah, so this is what I mean. It's like... There are something called competing. You want to pick a...  Because like a lot of people haven't thought this in depth in some time and when you get to my views, like sometimes it gets a bit blurry at some point. So, I mean, it's not... You know, it's... There's some moving parts there, but I definitely believe in rights and I definitely believe that. And that doesn't mean I don't take suffering and utility into account. Of course, those things all matter, but rights has to be in there. Here's a question for you then. When I'm scrapping leftovers of meat that I haven't bought, that I don't think consequentially can do to a family. Where'd you get it from? Well, so I didn't, so I didn't, right? So here's the thing. This is the difficulty of veganism. I worry like... There's a difficulty in dilution of messaging here because like on the one hand, maybe this is a more interesting thing to talk about as well. On the one hand, it would be fantastic if everyone were vegan, right? But I worry that going vegan is so unappealing to so many people. It disencourages them from eating less meat or doing something less than best, which would be better for, as we're on the corner now. That's just a messaging problem, right? I get what you're saying. Yeah. So... Saying that if you advocate for this all-or-nothing kind of view, then people will choose nothing over all. Yeah, and look, it's just a worry. You know, I've just admitted, I've just, you know, basically something like committed to this shot in the back of the head rule at anything, at pain of consistency because I'm that afraid of being inconsistent. This is the difficulty of, I do philosophy. You do? Yeah, as an undergrad. Wow, that's cool. Yeah, so the main thing I'm looking for is to be consistent. Well, I don't do the philosophy. So... There's probably a lot you could teach me about philosophy and I don't claim to be a philosopher and I just try to work out where my... Well, fine. Well, here's the tactical question I'm interested in, is like... So, I buy that... The best thing to do is to not eat meat. And I even buy that healthy, sustainable lifestyle to live. I'm a rugby player and a vegan for however long. So I actually think not to, you know, pat myself in the back too much but I think role models like that are important because I don't think there are that many, like, you know, sportly active vegans say actively doing things. I think that maybe... I think that's good. Contrary to your type. Okay.  Yeah, I think the word is fregan.   Yeah, I know but if you say that in circles of them, there's people who think you're like even more knobby than if you say vegan. So I tend to say vegan to like take the lesser evil. I'll get what you're saying. I'll get what you're saying. Freganism is interesting. It's an interesting... Are you a strict fregan? Like, do you have a very strong principle that you will only eat meat knowing that it hasn't supported the suffering of riots, violations of animals? So, you know, I'm very honest and, you know, this doesn't do me too dirty in the way your movements goes online but where I do cheat, I accept that it's a wrong and that I shouldn't do it. So you're not a strict fregan? Ideally, I am. In practice, I'm afraid I'm not. In principle, you think it's a good position. I admire people who do it and it's part of a wider thing of like, I think what deters people from veganism in part is the guilt of getting it wrong if they accept it as a moral wrong. So part of what that move is is to alleviate like, no, just eat a little less meat.  And I sort of, I'm aware that that dilutes the message because it absolutely does. Yeah, it's no longer a justice issue. It's based on some personal feeling about what some metric you want to, I'll support it 10% less of the time. Yeah, no, for sure. But other justice issues would not accept that. But this is totally, but this is where it's consequentialist, right? This is now a taxable question. If your goal in reducing animal suffering is to say reduce a billion dollars of purchasing power in the animal meat industry, say, right? And your strategy is the very honest one, the very consistent one, about it being a rights violation. And it deters lots and lots of the populace because it's too... So basically what you're saying is some type of messaging turns people off and it creates, it does more harm than good. So I phrased it as an if, not that. So if your messaging turns out to be better, then absolutely go for that. Yeah, but when we're talking about ifs, we're saying if this were true, then we ought to act in this way, yeah? That's what you're saying? That's an interesting philosophical question, but in order for... Because I guess what you're trying, what I think you're wanting to do is make an argument for reducitarianism? Just whatever works, basically. Tactically for the vegan movement. So what I'm interested in is less money going into the animal farming industry. Yeah, okay. One worry I have that people don't become vegan is because it's too intimidating. And if they accept, as say, the atrocity, they are going to guilt themselves in those and just throw their hands up and disavow the system altogether, right? I think that's a less good outcome than people who maybe, say, as eating less meat, and then less money is given, potentially the animal industry shrinks, that corresponds to less animals dying. That seems about outcome. Now, what that means, though, is that you have the activists who are sincere, effectively lying to a broader populace. I would never. Oh, okay. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Well, that may be... And maybe if the consequence is outweighed... Yeah, yeah. Well, so maybe you're not... There is a threshold. There is a threshold. Okay, so maybe you're not conscious, so I also think it's about money. So you'd need data. You'd need some data to support your claim, and that's why I say, like, it is an if. If your position is true, then maybe we ought to adopt that position. It would be better for animals in animal rights or something like this. That's fine. I would probably bite the bullet on some form of... But you don't really have empirics to back that up. No. Well, okay. Can I just respond? Because I think I've got a pretty... Because we've got a few things here. You're not a strict freaking, so you're not a vegan. Okay. Yeah, yeah, yeah. That's true. Okay. Like, you're not a practicing vegan. You might agree with the philosophy and you do frigginism. Yes, yes. All right. And now we've got... Yes. Maybe we should advocate reducitarianism if that meant that less money went to animal agriculture, but we don't have empirical data to show that that's a better method. We've got two things on the table. Less money to... You're calling reductivism as an eating less meat. Yeah, like, reducitarianism is kind of a concept where we advocate eat less meat instead of that animals deserve rights. And it's a justice issue and we should eradicate our support for these industries because they're so horrible. And I've got a position on that, too, because I've been doing this quite a while now, but I thought we skipped over the thing that we sat down to talk about, which was the frigginism versus the non-veganism versus the veganism thing. But, because this is a kind of different... If you don't have empirics to show this, then it will just be my kind of opinion based on my experience against your hypothetical here. Do you know what I mean? For sure, for sure. Because this one here's much more grounded here. I absolutely don't know if which messaging is more effective. The only analogy I go off is the Labour Party. So where the Labour Party's won, it's one with Tony Blair, more centrist leftist policies. And similarly, Keir Starmer is hopefully going to win this next election at slightly more centrist. Keir Starmer, he's the Labour lead candidate. I have no idea about politics, really. I've got a very base-level understanding about politics. Well, all it goes to show is that where lift-wing politics does well in the UK at elections, it does so at a centrist-moderate level, which, as opposed to, say, the more radical, carbonite influence. I wondered if there's an analogy for veganism in its messaging. And if you actually want to reduce money going into factory farming, whether or not that centrist messaging would be the appropriate... It's not a real example.  And I think one is way more... I think the reducer terrarium message is way more radical than my message, personally. Because it's radical to cut heads off for sandwiches. For sure. For sure. And I would agree. I would agree. It's just a tactical question of how do you get people on board. Yeah. And so let me ask you this. Okay, we can stay on this because you seem to have a pretty strong position on this. So if I tell people, right, the truth, right, because lying always has problems with it, doesn't it? Like, basically, I'll be bullshitting to people if I say, you just reduce, just reduce, just reduce.  However much... If I told you to reduce, every media is, oh, my God, this animal rights activist said reduce. Okay, so I'm going to... So basically, it's arbitrary how much someone reduces because we're not saying reduce by 20% everyone or we're not giving a pretty strict line. And what that does, if I have this messaging reduce, and I've just got... I've got like how many views on social media? 200 million? And plus I've been on nearly every major news outlet, radio outlet in the UK advocating for veganism and animal rights. If I just told everyone to reduce, what have I done? I've just given people... You know, this is what happens. People will reduce if I tell them to go vegan. People will go vegetarian if I tell them to go vegan. People will have a day off eating meat if I tell them to go vegan. If I tell them animal rights matter and we should abolish these industries and it's injustice and all these things, people will fall where they're going to fall. But all those people who are going to go vegan won't go vegan because all I've ever done is advocate reducitarianism. And that will never get us to our goal. So we have to be clear about what our goal is. And in the human case, if it were humans being enslaved and killed to this degree or at all, I would not have a reduce messaging. I mean, it would just be inconsistent with what I'd want for the victims anyway. So having inconsistent messaging cloudies and muddies the waters to the point where you would never get to the goal. The goal would always be reduce. So at what point would you say stop? Stop supporting it. I want to say at this point, you've changed my mind. There's a big change my mind. Here, that's what I'd like to say. You get what I'm saying? Did you see the problem? I totally do. I mean, here's the truth here. Earthling Ed actually, I raise this with as well. It's like the role models of the movements would really struggle with this standard. You have to be the... If I didn't realize you... Sorry, I hadn't heard you before. You could have a large social media following. In which case, there's a standard of consistency that people want to aspire to. Can I get you something to keep you warm, dude? Do you want a jacket here? I'll just put it on your legs for a minute. Thank you. Because from a utilitarian standpoint, I wouldn't want you suffering right now. Emphasetic. Get out of here. This is the vegan movement over here. Yeah, yeah. I wouldn't want you... So basically, you were saying as an advocate, me, I have a... There's a high standard of consistency for me. For sure, for sure, for sure. I basically, and I'll say on the hunch of which tactics go for, I suspect you actually are right that the honest one is better because that also treats other vegans as, you know, thinking people.  And I'm a true speaker. I speak from my heart, what I believe is the truth. I'm not going to... I mean, if you were in the... Being like, Pixar-Gashtamed here in the UK, if you were in that position, I'd be saying, stop, stop, stop. What I'm kind of venting, I guess, a bit of frustration was, is I'm in rugby teams and certain environments. And when I pitch veganism, it completely falls on deaf ears. And that's quite crushing, right? If I pitch, eat less meat, it gets something of response. And I take sort of, you know, motivation in that. Think about it. Think about it. Think about this, man.  They're addicted to it. Well, are they addicted? Well, yeah, it's very addictive food. It's very high in calories. It's something they've eaten their entire life. There's a...  If you say to someone, remove that thing they love, that messaging is not going to be as appealing as, you know, just reduce. Reduce a packet. Reduce your cigarette consumption. Reduce your alcohol consumption. Reduce your meat consumption. You know, that's like, okay, reduce. Well, there's no rules here. I just...  You know, of course, that messaging is going to be more appealing, but it's not true. It's not what we want for animals. And as the justice movement for animals, we're kind of just betraying them by saying that. And it doesn't even give us a goalpost to work towards. You're right. I thought you changed my mind. You know what? You know what? If I say, go vegan, everyone, he reduces... He goes vegan, vegetarian, reduces... Activist. Activist. You know what I'm saying? And that's what I create. Activist who fight for justice for animals by having this messaging because it creates activists and help. And I just think that...  I don't know, on this justice issue, would create no change, would actually be counterproductive. And I think it's counterproductive. And I would debate anyone vehemently who advocates for... Advocating for reducer terrainism for a justice issue like this. Okay. For sure. So I think we've established it's an empirical claim. And I hope I come across that I am someone who's willing to change my mind. And if, you know, I'm... There's something like data of two, say, vegan activists messaging strategies which actually confers like people changing their diets. I will go for whichever one works. Now, I think you might even be saying something stronger, which is just on a principled level you don't want to betray the animal. So here's my question for you. Even if the reduction terrainism metric decreases funding into the animal system actually farming, which would be presumably higher impact in reducing animal suffering, would you still advocate the radical vegan position? Yeah. So what you're doing is you're embedding you're embedding something into your hypothetical here, like if this were true, would you do this? Yes. Of course. If it were true, I just don't... It's just like saying, if it were true that, I mean, doing something horrific led to some ultimate good, would you do it? I mean, yeah. But this isn't reality what we're talking about with... Well, I don't know. So it's like my take... How would advocating reduction, which is not going to liberate animals and give them rights? It's just there are sometimes tactical questions for civil rights movement. So again, I'm not close enough to the history of this. My understanding of civil rights movements is that you get radical trailblazers which people then follow off. And then they retroactively... Abolitionists. If they advocated reduction, do you think they would have got to abolition? I don't know. No, you probably have a... Just give me a guess. I suspect not.  For sure. For sure. I'm an abolitionist for animal... You know, for animals, I would call it animal slavery. I would consider them slaves and property. Yeah, I think you have sincerely changed my mind because I genuinely... I think the analogy I really had in mind is the Labour Party. Apologise in that movement as well. Look, just more humane slavers and things like this. They probably did exist. I'm sure that the abolitionists had something to say about that. And I'm sure maybe the humans that were in servitude had something to say about that too. For sure. I feel like someone who genuinely disagrees with you should probably take my seat. Okay, you're totally upset. Okay, no worries. Thank you very much. We didn't get a chance to talk about the frigginism. Yeah, I mean, God, I feel like I've said this already. And I'm very publicly admitting something I view to be moral failings. That's good on you, bro. Like, at least you're honest because some people here would just lie straight out to me and I couldn't always pick a liar, basically. At this point, I'm like a lawyer when it comes to this topic, man. I do this all the time, eh? So, I get your position. You've told me your position. Can I just give you an answer to it before so we don't leave it as an undone thing? So, because you're a friggin in some scenarios where you accept meat from people who may have bought it, I don't know where you're getting the scrap meat unless you're dumps diving. Someone has bought it and you've created demand, secondhand demand, through that person because they end up buying more meat to supply to you through this veganism. It can be a... Frigginism can be a bit of a loophole unless you're getting it from dumpsters. Now, what it does do, though, is it reinforces to you, in your mind, that animals are food and they're resources and we can eat them, yada, yada. And then you end up failing over here and over here because you don't have a principle binding your decisions. I think frigginism, even if it didn't doesn't support rights violation, it doesn't get us closer to not viewing animals as food, which is the reason that animals are being factory farmed and tortured and murdered and having their rights violated by the billion is because we viewed them as food to begin with, maybe, in a survival situation. We had to and that stemmed on to some capitalist reason to exploit them and kill them and eggs are food. So now we've got factory farmed eggs to meet this demand and the reason that viewing animals as food is wrong is because it leads to factory farms and all these things and we have evidence for that because we have a current... What is it? Trillions of animals being exploited and killed every year because of this view of animals, this mentality towards animals and animal products. So I think veganism does that and that's probably why you have some failings because you already see these products as food. Me, I ain't eaten no meat out of dumpster, man. I see corpses in the dumpster. It's like a morgue to me in there but like, well damn, I walked through the butcher and it's like decapitated corpses everywhere, you know what I'm saying? So yeah, that'd be my response to that. No, totally. And it reflects what I've experienced, which is, you know, I've tried to veganism for, I guess, however long and I haven't had the reduction in animal product consumption as I guess I wanted. And yeah, I'm sure it's because it was reinforcing that. And so maybe yeah, it's just that naive notion that you're not, you are, you're not reinforcing meat as food. As animals, as resources, let me ask you this, do you see human beings as food? I try to stay committed to the earlier consequentialism. I'm just asking. No, I look, I'll turn off my philosophy of brain then and I'll say no. I'm on pain of inconsistency. Why not? Why not? Because you see humans as having an inherent value and it's something horrible about them being decapitated. Am I really going to try and make me say something like this publicly?  I don't know. I hear cooked human meat taste a bit like roast pork. Is it? No, because we're very similar.  So those humans have had their rights violation.  Do you see the problem? Totally. Mentality? Totally, totally, totally. I see the severity of eating meat as a degradation. And look, I hope what this demonstrates to people if this does go public is the weirdness of trying to defend. It's up here, isn't it? It's fundamentally, it's mentality towards animals and animal products, because you don't have, you don't share that mentality to a human being. No, and look, I think, yeah, I think, you know, truthfully, I still do have that just mentality of meat as food and I haven't deconditioned from it yet, but I'd like to. And I think this gives me some motivation to do so. So thank you very much. Bless you, my friend. Joe? Yeah. Good to meet you. Joe meets Joe. Yeah. Thank you, mate.


In this week's news, Boost 7 featuring 33 Raptor engines has been in the spotlight, SLS Wet Dress has declared a success and another Falcon Heavy flight has received a big delay. This is tomorrow's Space News. Firstly, it's time to talk once again about SpaceX's progress on the Starship launch mount at LC39A in Florida. Two new sections have been rolled out, the first on the 23rd and the second on the 28th UTC. SpaceX have been transporting these at night to try and minimise the disruption caused as the sections are quite large so to move them they do need to close the roads on Merritt Island where a lot of other companies operate from such as NASA itself, Blue Origin, ULA etc. SpaceX did lift Section 2 during the daylight hours however so we did get a nice look at that. Boca Chica has been busy as usual with a hive of activity surrounding the ground service equipment and Boost 7. First though, let's talk about the ships. This is the second Starlink satellite dispenser we've seen and it has just been placed inside of the beginnings of Ship 25. Just like on Ship 24, its intended purpose is to spit out Starlink satellites like a big Pez dispenser in low Earth orbit. Delicious. The load spreader was lifted by the bridge crane in the high bay which was a suspected move by SpaceX to prepare for Raptor installation underneath the Starship. In the next day, SpaceX did exactly that, lifting S24 into the air. The super heavy booster currently slated for the orbital test flight of the entire Starship stack B7 was rolled to the pad once again last week but this time with all of its glorious Raptor 2 engines installed, all 33 of them. We then saw the Chop 6 lifting themselves up the tower and then opening up as they prepared to lift the booster.  Not only can you catch boosters and ships with this massive piece of engineering, you can also use it as a fancy looking crane. The super cool looking booster quick disconnect followed shortly afterwards attaching to the aft end of B7. This platform which is used to access the Raptor 2 engines was rolled underneath the launch mount allowing workers to get up close and personal with the business end of the booster. This was followed by a test of the igniters which you can't see but you can hear. Something else you can't see is any frost during this cryogenic proof test of Booster 7, however there was plenty of venting indicating what was going on. This test marks the start of the campaign leading up to the static fires we're expecting in the coming weeks. This new booster aft cap has been delivered and it's what the 33 Raptor 2 engines are attached to underneath a super heavy booster. Remember booster 5? It's an outdated design, pretty much the same as booster 4 which meant that when it was completed it was relegated to the rocket garden. It has been serving the role as a fancy lawn ornament for several weeks but on Monday it finally moved again into high bay 2 affectionately known as the mega bay. Following this move one of the boosters grid fins were removed. Star factory has progressed some more. You can see the structure of the building at the top has been extended and it'll be replacing the tents at Starbase. Oh and this thing, whatever it is, was moved by Telehandler. It looks like the last sort of object I'd want to put inside my brand new multi-million dollar rocket and I have no clue what it might be. Psyche, the mission which everyone within the community believed would at least bring us some certainty with a Falcon Heavy flight this year has sadly slipped yet again with a launch in 2022 deemed impossible by the team behind the mission. If you haven't heard of the mission before the spacecraft Psyche will be heading to the asteroid called Psyche which is a metal world and the mission is the first of its kind where we can examine such a body. Because of physics Falcon Heavy can only deliver the spacecraft in an efficient manner at certain times of year when Earth, Mars and the asteroid are all located in the correct places in their respective orbits. If Psyche was launched on this episode's release date for example it would miss Mars, receive no gravity assist and end up floating somewhere else in the universe. These specific launch windows are really what have caused this bigger delay as the spacecraft should realistically be ready in only a few weeks or months before the actual launch window. The first delay of the mission came with a push from August to September, stroke October as the navigation software provided by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory suffered a compatibility issue with a testbed simulator. This had to be rectified as dodgy navigation software is the last thing you want when you need to make very fine and specific adjustments to an orbit. As I speak today this issue has been fixed by the team at JPL however they will not have enough time to test the spacecraft and ensure it is working 100% as expected before the end of the launch window on October 11th. This means that the launch will have to take place in the next available window which is in 2023 with another window available in 2024. In the official NASA press release specific dates were not shared and the agency said that those dates were yet to be determined. However in the teleconference that preceded this press release Lindy Elkins Tanton, principal investigator of the Psyche mission said that July and September were the 2023 launch windows. Those weren't confirmed as of the writing of this script so do keep that in mind. The recording of this teleconference is also available in the description with the rest of this episode's foot notes. The delay in the launch will cause a delay in arrival for the spacecraft due to the longer trip with the orbit alignments. If Psyche launched this year it would reach the asteroid in 2026. If it launches next year it will arrive in 2029 and if it launches in 2024 it will arrive in 2030. The most crucial part however is that the actual science will not be impacted. The exact same science will be collected just three or four years later than originally planned. Flying alongside Psyche inside the faring of the Falcon Heavy we're going to be two small CubeSats called Janus which we're going to study twin binary asteroid systems. Obviously now that Psyche has been delayed these CubeSats will have to find an alternative rideshare flight although they'll have to serve a completely different mission from their already adapted mission with the first delay. This wasn't a shock to the people behind the mission though as ridesharing with a big satellite always means you're a second class citizen whether you like it or not. As many of you will know personally I'm running a GoFundMe campaign to bring you all the coverage of the Psyche mission live from Florida. I've been asked many questions by many people since this announcement so I'll clear up the main ones now. I will still be heading to Florida and it will be to cover the Psyche mission. Everything which was purchased were bought in packages which allow rescheduling even if it meant that they did cost a little bit more money. The only implication with this are the flights which have a rescheduling deadline. Simply the amount of money which we've given to the airline is only usable until September 30th 2023 so if the launch is pushed any further than that date then some more fundraising will be required to buy new flights. It's a new sense but this how every airline works. Let's talk about SLS. As we discussed last week the rocket which is being used for the Artemis 1 mission got to T-29 seconds during its most recent wet dress rehearsal attempt which we've now been told by NASA is enough for the test to be called a success. This means that SLS will soon roll back to the VAB for repairs and the activation of the flight termination system before rolling back out again for launch. As you may know the countdown was originally meant to reach T-9.34 seconds however a hydrogen leak which couldn't be masked from the internal flight computer ended the countdown 20 seconds earlier. Engineers however have looked over the data and have determined that the actions performed between T-29 and T-9 seconds have been tested previously so not performing those on the wet dress rehearsal isn't a big issue. When SLS returns to the vehicle assembly building it will need repairs following that hydrogen leak with NASA planning to replace a seal within the quick disconnect of the tail service mast umbilical. Once repaired SLS will be rolling down the crawl away once again ready for the current window being targeted which is late August. One web styling business's commercial competitor are starting to get back into the groove of their launches after they pulled out of Soyuz flights from the Baikonur Cosmodrome as a result of Russia's invasion of and subsequent war with Ukraine. As a replacement for those Soyuz flights that they lost one web seek to act two other launch providers firstly their competitor SpaceX as well as NSIL the commercial division of the Indian Space Research Organization. For a while we didn't know when the launches were going to resume but we were told exactly that by one web executive Maurizio Ranotti on Thursday. One web are planning to be launching again in Q4 of this year with the final launch for the constellation commencing in Q2 of next year 2023. Don't expect a full service around earth right after though as it'll still take some time for the satellites launch to reposition themselves into their correct orbits. That means full global one web internet coverage should be available by the end of 2023 but no sooner. What we're looking at right now is ISRO's GSLV MK3 rocket which will be launching the one web satellites. The other vehicle is of course the Falcon 9. Being the space agency for the United States of America you'd expect NASA to be launching their own rockets from their own soil but that is no longer the case as they've just launched a sounding rocket from Australia. Yes yes it's just a sounding rocket nothing big and fancy you might say but it is still exciting just listen to their official launch commentator. Five four three two one. The launch of this five plus meter tool rocket took place at midnight local time from the Arnhem Space Center in northern Australia. It exceeded an apogee of 300 kilometers observing the Alpha Centauri A and B constellations. I will be honest the launch commentator with the sheer power of the motor under the rocket is the biggest reason why I wanted to include this story. The excitement is just incredible but it is also pretty awesome to see yet another country start their own journey of rocket launches. Oh and before I get comments from people trying to teach me about Black Arrow again I know it exists but it was retired as soon as it was introduced pretty much so that doesn't really count as Australia's journey into space today. Time for some launches which actually reached orbit now as we head into space traffic. The first Earth departure to cover this week is the launch of Tianxing-1 from the Zhiquan satellite launch center. Launching at 0208 Coordinated Universal time on June the 22nd we have the classic level of information about a Chinese launch. Not a lot. We're told that Tianxing-1 is a test satellite for space environment detection. Next up we're headed to South America Kuru in French Guiana where MESAC 3D and GSAT 24 launched the top in Ariane 5 from ELA-3 at the Guyana Space Center at 2250 UTC on the same day. Heading for a geostationary orbit the Malaysian MESAC 3D will be able to serve it its determined region around Malaysia and Southeast Asia and the Indian GSAT 24 will be able to service the entirety of India providing high quality video broadcasting and telecommunications coverage. Another day and another surprise Chinese launch as YARGAN 35 Group 2 launched the top the 60th Long March 2D from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center in China at 022 UTC on June 23rd. The YARGAN constellation is claimed to be used for science experiments surveying land and other civilian use cases but that is just a claim. The payload mass and destination are all unknown however whatever was inside the faring ended up in a low earth orbit. Monday saw yet another launch from China, Duckey 1 on a Long March 4th sea. Launching from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center at 1816 UTC on the 27th, Duckey 1 can monitor fine particles such as nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide concentration. 0955 in the morning UTC or 2155 in the evening local time on June 28th saw Capstone finally launch on Electron from Launch Complex 1A on the Mahia Peninsula in New Zealand. This NASA mission weighs in at a light 300 kilograms and it is headed for a near-recto-linear halo orbit around our very own moon. That's the same type of orbit which Gateway will be flying that's a space station for the Artemis program. Capstone will be flying ahead and testing it out becoming the first spacecraft to enter such an orbit. It is a very unique orbit as it allows for a constant line of sight to earth for communications and it provides an hour long solar eclipse once per orbit. We also had an ISS departure which was Cygnus NG-17 leaving the Nadeerport on the Unity module. It unberthed from the station at 7am dead UTC on the 28th of June this episode's release date before being released by the Canada Arm 2 at 1107 UTC. The difference between an undocking and an unberthing is that the spacecraft is firstly removed by the robotic arm and then released instead of the spacecraft flying itself away from the station. The cargo vehicle will re-enter the Earth's atmosphere on June 29th. Departing from Earth in the next seven days our SES-22 on a Falcon 9, straight up on Launcher 1, DSEO on a PSLBCA from the ISRO and USSF-12 on the Atlas V in the 541 configuration. And here's your space weather with Dr. Tamethasco. Space weather switches gears a bit this week. As we take a look at our Earth-facing disc, you can see there are still a lot of active regions on the Earth-facing disc. However, none of them are big flare players unlike last week. We aren't getting the big radio blackouts that we've kind of used to getting but we did have them region 3040. We had a big solar storm that's Earth-directed be launched. In fact, it looks beautiful in the chronographs. You can see that big partial halo. However, this happened at a time when we actually lost our imagery due to a power outage up near the source where we get our SDO imagery. So that's still kind of like ramping back up. We're still trying to recover some of those images. So we have to take a look at that when we look at the Sun's far side. Meanwhile, solar flux has been dying down a bit. And so we're not getting the radio propagation that we're used to on Earth's day side. However, coming down from that solar storm that we've had over the past couple days, this does mean that electron flux is ramping up. And therefore we're having some charging issues in Geo. So satellite operators, for those with dealing with space traffic, you're going to have to deal with those ramping charging issues over the next few days. And now switching to our far-sided Sun. This is Stereo A and it's looking at the Sun just a little bit from the side. Now you can take a look at Stereo. We actually have data this time from about the 25th on and on the 26th and into the 27th. You can start seeing around region 3040 and a little bit to the north. Kind of some slow changes. While those slow changes are actually that solar storm that's Earth directed. That was it launching. We're hoping to get some better imagery soon, but this is the best we've got right now. Models show that this storm should hit Earth right about midday on the first. So you Geo satellite operators, as you're dealing with that surface charging and internal charging, don't worry about it because as soon as a solar storm hits, all that flux will be flushed and you should be able to be in the clear. For more details on this week's space weather, including how that Earth directed solar storm might affect you, come check out my channel or see me at spacewetherwoman.com. Unsurprisingly, Station 204 is not a cheap thing to operate, which is why these generous people on your screen now have helped to chip in, allowing us to make the content which I'm guessing you're enjoying watching. There are several different tiers running from system support who don't get their name in the show, ground support, suborbital orbital and then escape velocity who provide a substantial contribution which we are extremely grateful for. We also provide a super high up tier which allows the citizens to design their own slate and this is NeuroStreams. Thank you for being a tomorrow Model 33 Plan Pro plus citizen, it is greatly appreciated. Once again, if you want to support my GoFundMe campaign, then click the card in the corner and to help however you want to, it would be greatly appreciated. To make sure you are always up to date in the world of spaceflight and you aren't being fed some rubbish about SLS being a failure and Falcon Heavy being incredible, make sure to subscribe so our videos are pushed to you more often. YouTube will also sometimes push our videos a lot, even if you aren't subscribed, so just check and make sure. We should be back on Friday with a live show, so make sure to tune in then as well. Thank you for watching and goodbye.