The 15th annual Taiwan-St. Lucia Partnership Trade Show serves as a commercial breeding ground for aspiring and established entrepreneurs and business leaders. This year, the trade show, which runs from November 2 to the 4, attracted interest from numerous local businesses. Prime Minister Hon. Philip J. Pierre remains committed to supporting initiatives and implementing policies that will support the local MSME sector. Hon. Pierre delivered the feature address at the official opening ceremony on November 2. If our economies to grow, if our people are to prosper, then the economic growth must be rooted in a vibrant local business sector. While we welcome and encourage foreign investment, and I must tell you, the prospects for foreign investment are immense. And you can see for yourself that foreign investment has returned to St. Lucia in the hotel industry. While we welcome foreign investment in our country, the foreign investor is not the cure for all our economic problems. This is our economy. This is our country. And it must resolve to be the masters of our economy so that we can push its advancement for the good of all the people. As I have said before, my aim and the aim of the government is to provide the framework that will allow our people to become creators of wealth in our own country. Our people must be prosperous and the private sector and the small business sector in particular must be given the opportunity so that they can create wealth and they can remove their families from the poverty that some of them inherited. The Taiwan-St. Lucia Partnership Trade Show is jointly sponsored by the St. Lucia and Taiwan governments. The Ministry of Commerce collaborates with Taiwan officials to organize the annual trade show and select the participants. The buses of this ratio are all carefully selected by the Ministry of Commerce and by the Taiwan External Trade Development Council, TITRA, to showcase their best quality products to potential local and international buyers. And we are happy to know that many companies have been expressing their interest in participating in this trade show. Even this week, we are still receiving requests for registration, which shows the trade show has grown into one of the best value for introducing the best quality products of Taiwan and St. Lucia micro-small and medium enterprises. The 2022 Taiwan-St. Lucia Partnership Trade Show was held at the Harbour Club Hotel in Rodney Bay, Grosjele. The trade show affords the participants national publicity and international exposure and opportunities to grow their customer base, which could also lead to potentially lucrative investment opportunities. From the Office of the Prime Minister, Rihanny Isidore.


Are you kidding me? Are you kidding me? What is going on? What is? Is this a joke? Is this a joke? Jerry Falwell Jr. Is this a joke? Liberty University? Are you kidding me right now? Okay, this is wild. So if you guys don't know what's going on, there is a massive scandal in terms of what Jerry Falwell Jr. has been up to over the last 17 years and also Liberty University with different funds and stuff and funneling money to the Falwell family and all this crap. Okay, I say Christian, right? As a Christian, this puts a massive stain on Christ's name. Okay, I was listening to a podcast the other day, Secular Podcast, pretty big prominent one, and they were talking about kind of how they thought it was funny and how they liked it when people that kind of advocated for conservative values or Christian values and talked about how abortion's wrong and traditional marriage and all this kind of thing. And when they went off the sidelines and it turned out they were actually bad people doing not, you know, according to these people, not necessarily bad things, but things that went against what they were outspoken about for all these years. And it puts, and it's like, okay, I get it, right?  And all of a sudden behind the scenes, these Christians are like, doing whatever the heck they are with pool boys. It's like, what is this a TV show? Is this a joke? I'm like confused, right? Like, if you go to Liberty University, I'd be interested to know what you have to say about this because honestly, like, okay, number one, number one, somebody, it kind of makes sense, right? Okay, this is the son of somebody that founded the university. And when you're the son of somebody like in power, it just kind of makes sense that you would be, I don't know, really entangled in it. And like, there'd be certain things where maybe people wouldn't want to call you out in certain ways, because they knew you knew your power, like you're the son of the person who started the university. And so like, okay, with that power, right? Like that corrupts people, right? That corrupts anybody, right? And it sounded like, okay, you know, Jerry Falwell, senior, he was a strong Christian, he really like, you know, believed and lived a lot of the stuff that he said. But with Jerry Falwell, junior, it just sounds like it was a show, it sounds like it was kind of a facade to get money to get power and and and it was kind of almost fun for him and in hearing about some of the stuff that he was up to, fun for him to live these two lives, this life of being out in the public eye and saying all this, you know, stuff that that maybe conservative Christians were like, yes, I agree with that exactly. Like, that's beautiful. Thank you for staying strong to conservative values. And like also behind the scenes living this really like morally outrageous life, like really just not not conducive to any form of Christianity at all. And so he enjoyed that. And it reminds me that, you know, sin is pleasurable for a season. It's it's enjoyable for a season, but then leads to death. And and the other, the other concept in the other verse of your sin will find you out, right? We found this, like for Jerry Falwell, junior, and I'm sure other people as well, for sure, like he, he enjoyed that season of in sin and living those two different lives. And then all of a sudden, he's found out your sin finds you out. And since pleasurable for a season, but is it pleasurable now? Well, it turns out there's like a $10 million severance packages right now for him. So he's still living it up. But ultimately, we're all going to be accountable before God, we're each going to have to give an account for our lives. Jerry Falwell is going to have to give an account for his life and also the terrible witness and the stain on Christ's name that he has really placed there. And I guess my my thought is this, right? Our faith are not to be any of the in any of these figures like Jerry Falwell, junior, or we talked about Lecrae a while back or any of these people, right? Because they not love that Lecrae did something this egregious. But but it's like, yo, we are faith needs to be in the person of Christ and in God and not in our like any figurehead or like any any of that because they will let us down. They, you know, and people say this all the time is that I was a Christian, but somebody in my life that was a Christian really let me down or they backstab me or they did something terrible. And I just kind of got, you know, disinterested in Christianity. And it makes sense, right? If our faith was in, you know, hey, these Christians are nice.  But at the same time, that's not why we are Christians. We're talking about the forgiveness of sins. We're talking about the transformation of our heart.  It's not about just following a figurehead with some ideas that we like or being a good person or any of that because they will let us down. Jerry Falwell will let us down. Liberty University will let us down. I mean, for me, I didn't really have any connection with Liberty University except watching their convocation every year. They usually had some big name like Tim Hawkins. I think they might have Tim Tebow one year. Ravi Zacharias, I think. Anyway, a bunch of different people. But, but it's like, oh, this is kind of an interesting event. This is a massive Christian university, a figurehead of Christian values. And yet you see in between all the corruption. And I'm not a prophet. But I think we're going to begin to see this a lot more is in a lot of these big organizations, these big Christian organizations where so much money has been pumped into them, we're going to begin to see and we are seeing this compromise. And we're going to see scandals, maybe not similar to this, but like, you know, there's going to be stuff because money, power, all that stuff. When when somebody gets it, the tendency is just to get more and hold on to what you have. And I think this is a reality check for some people that, you know, we can live in this Christian bubble and maybe you go to Liberty University and you're like, everyone's so wonderful here and everything's so great. And then you look at the top, the very top guy and it's just like, what is going on? Let's put our faith back into Jesus, take it out of these Christian universities, take it out of these Christian figureheads, put it back into Jesus and rely on him and not other people to affirm our conviction in what we believe, because people will let us down, people will fail. But the difference is this, look, in your own life, you're going to fail. But what is your move after that? Is it repentance? Is it kind of finding restoration and reconciliation with people? Or is it like Jerry Falwell Jr. Denial, denial, denial, right? And that's the sign of repentance, right?  Well, we as Christians, don't say that we're perfect, right? We're not perfect. That's, that's in the open, right? We do fail. But the difference is, is that when we sin, we move towards repentance, which is a turning away from that into reconciliation and restoration with other people and within those relationships. But Jerry Falwell, he's done the exact opposite.  I, I didn't, you know, it was, it was my wife's fault. It was all these other people's fault. That's a lesson in how not to deal with when you sin, right? When you sin, repent. That's what the Bible calls us to. And that's the mark that we are a Christian is when we sin, we don't stay in that and deny it, but rather we give it to God and we confess it. Anyway, that's all I have to say. I hope you guys are enjoying these videos. And if you like these videos, join us at the Daily Disciple Club on Patreon. It's the way that my ministry gets supported and you're supporting me. Like it's an amazing thing when you join because I get so excited when there's a notification on my phone because that means I'm getting that much closer to being able to do this full time, which is my dream. So thank you so much and I will see you next time.


Welcome to Tough Love with Loretta Chen, where Hawaii's changemakers talk tough on the islands they love. Our guest for today has dedicated her life to preserving traditional culture and is passionate about childhood development. She is a globetrotter, having worked in over 20 countries in diverse fields such as public communications, management consulting and marketing. Since 2001, she has been studying with Buddhist masters from the Himalayas and Bhutan and began leading field trips to preserve folk music as well as develop a music education curriculum for children. She has also been working to preserve traditional handicrafts and created her own sustainable fashion line. And in 2012, our guest founded the Academy of Himalayan Art and Child Development, an NGO dedicated to preserving Himalayan wisdom and art to share with the world. Please welcome Kun Kun Tsuan. Hello, Kuzuzangpo. Kuzuzangpo. Thank you so much. So, you know, I first met you, Kun Kun. I mean, one of the arts, right? A Singaporean girl meeting a Chinese lady here in Hawaii and we both bonded on Bhutan. I think, let's get started on Bhutan. I think many people are like, huh? Where is Bhutan? Why don't you tell our audience who have never heard of the Himalayan region and Bhutan? Tell us a little bit more about Bhutan. Okay. To those of you who haven't been to Bhutan, Bhutan is called the happiness country in the world. It's located in the corner of Himalayan region. Between India and China and next to Nepal. And it has population less than 800,000 people. And in their constitution says, and 60% of land has to be covered by forest. And one of the hobby for Bhutanese people is to plant trees and to accumulate merits of life. And they don't measure their life by GDP, but to measure their life with gross national happiness. So on that note, yes. One of the things that I think a lot of our audiences probably don't even recognize is that while 60% of the constitution says that 80% of their land, 60% of the lands must always be covered by forestry, actually 84% is being covered by forestry. And yes, every time I go there, the students are planting trees, they're going on excursions.  What is G&H? So G&H is a philosophy and a way of living developed by the brilliant, enlightened force king of Bhutan. And His Majesty actually developed this philosophy when he was only 17 years old. While he's seen the world is developing with a faster speed of consumption and the Mother Earth is bearing more and more things from the human being. And he's thinking really far future for the human and the Bhutan young generations. So he developed this new system in which he applies to, from any decision the government make, the project make, and the social entrepreneurs make all based on the national gross happiness, which is not only for development of economic, but for the well-being of the whole society, and whole environment, and whole community. That's right. And it's predicated on, it's very much human-centered, right? That its objective cannot be just the relentless pursuit of GDP and money, but really it is based on the philosophy that the individual, all individuals want to achieve peace and happiness, right? So they actually came up with four different theories, which is conservation of the environment, equitable and sustainable development, good governance, and the preservation of culture. So, I mean, I'm with you because you know, I've been an international consultant to the government of Bhutan, but a lot of Americans or a lot of our audiences are like, may just say like, but what is GNH? I mean, this is hogwash, right? How do we ground it in real actionable goals?  And so 20 years ago, I started to, because of my practice of Buddhism, I started to look into preserving the, finding out Himalayan music and culture, handicrafts. So I took my team and traveled through villages, and while I go in through villages, I start to find out the true essence of Himalayan culture, actually is harmony, is peace, and why this whole region is impacting the Earth for thousands of years and has so many hidden wisdom is because they knew only if one, as human being, to get deep connection with themself in harmony and to have harmony with community and family, and to have harmony with nature, and then everyone can live in peace and the life can go on sustainably. And so far, all the troubles are so-called crisis we're having on Earth, whether it's climate crisis, it's economic crisis, or it's education crisis, and actually if we look at the root cause, it's because our human nature crisis. That's right. I mean, I think we have a slide on you on how a lot of the crisis that we have is really a conflict between ego and ego, right? Yeah, I think right now we have a little visual here as well that shows ego and ego, but then if we take a look back at the visual before that and we look at how we've developed in the last 20 years, you want to share with us a little bit more about how- Yeah, I guess everyone think U.S. and China and the East-West culture is a major difference complex, well, a lot of things. Actually, as a human being, if we look at life as a long history, looking back in the 1960s, if we can look at that chart again, so this chart has been well used in the economic research and on human development economic research. And by 1960, collectively, all the human being on Earth, from human development beginning of this civilization to 1960, we only used up half resources of our mother Earth. From 1960 to 1980, we break even. That means all human being on Earth just used one enough that mother Earth has to supply us. But something dramatic happened. From 1980 to 2010, we used up one and a half mother Earth all the resources. And at that time, United Nations had the big call to the world to talk about we really need to take some conscious actions for our future development of Earth. So the prediction is if we don't change our way of living, a way of thinking, a way of acting, by 2050, we will consume three Earths. What does it mean to consume three Earths? That means we have eaten up our grandchildren's food. We have drank up the fresh water of our grandchildren. And they will be left over with all the polluted land and water and trash. And if we can take action from 2010 collectively from all human being on Earth to a sharp turn, do reflection and modify our way of consumption by 2050, we might have a hope to bring back one Earth. And this is a very challenging job to do. But actually it's also an easy job in the Bhutanese's view because they have been living in such a way which the foundation of life is contentment. And our perspective of life actually decides our way of living. So that's why in the GDP system is ego-based, self-centric, individualism. And in a GNH, it's echo-based. It's talking about collective consciousness, well-being with all beings, seeing and unseen with our eyes. That's why in Bhutan, they're targeting to build their forest with forest bridge across the country. Why? They don't want their animals cross-road. They want their animals always have a forest, grass paths to go. Which country does that for their animals? Yeah, so again, like I said, I'm with you because obviously I consult for Bhutan and I'm in Bhutan a lot. It is my second home. But for people who are in industrialized countries, you know, in big cities, right? And they will say, yeah, right. Like how am I going to build a little footpath, you know, to allow the animals to coexist harmoniously with me? How do we even begin to apply this practically in today's terms? And then you have a little solution for that and that's why you're starting from trying to change the mindsets of children from when they were young. So you started this nonprofit and you also started this concept of happy school. Tell us a little bit more about happy schools and what do you intend to do to get us all happy and what does that education look like? Yeah, basically, happy school is developed based on national growth, national happiness, which is developed also after United Nations in 2016 did western research on Asia Pacific schools and education systems. Sadly enough, in that report, we found out the more score, the so-called STEM scores are higher, the more sick, the well-being of our children are worse, like suicidal rate and depression and PDD children develop rate are higher in the region or particular school, especially in Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore rank it very high. So United Nations actually put out a call to the earth that our future school on earth should be happy school. Our education purpose should be focused on develop the well-being of our children first because when we talk about sustainability nowadays, what we're assistant? If we don't have assistant children, a generation, young generation, how can we have a sustainable future of our mother earth? Because if our children are not healthy, happy and violent and they can only do violent things, wrong things to our mother earth and we dump 180 million tons of trash in our ocean. I mean, coming to Hawaii, I learned aloha. When you understand aloha, you understand the gene age. It's the same concept.  And so the happy school concept was developed from Bhutan, applied in Vietnam, Europe now, even with exercise, or even tried in China. Mainly because the report from UNESCO found out the biggest cost for education's failure of well-being of our children is three disconnections. The number one disconnection is self-disconnection. Our children don't know who they are when they grow up because they're filled up with things, not learning how to be. And being is not having, but our current consumption environment is only telling our children having more, being more competitive is the way to success of life. But that's not a fact. Other parts of the world don't live like this. And the second disconnection is disconnecting with families and communities. And so that caused social problems, depression of our children. And then third depression, disconnection is disconnecting with mother earth. Because from a childhood, they are disconnected. They were not taught properly how to respect mother earth. You can't expect a child never being on ocean, being a forest, to love ocean forests when they're 30 or 20. They will not have this action of love. And because our children's development has a rhythm, under 14 years it's the time you build their value system. You build their harmony within, sustainable system within. So the goal of happy school is to build, help children to cultivate, harmonize life, start a young age. Then extend it to family supporting. So the parents has to be part of. It's no happy parents, no happy children. That's right. On that note, we're going to go for a little happy break as well. And then when we come back from the break, we're going to quiz Kun Kun more on how exactly we're going to implement this. Because a lot of people may just say, oh, this is just talked by crazy rich Asians. How do we actually implement it? So stay tuned. We'll come back after your happy break. See you later. Thanks to our think tech underwriters and grand tours. The Atherton Family Foundation. Carol Mun Lee and the Friends of Think Tech. The Center for Microbial Oceanography Research and Education. Collateral Analytics. The Cook Foundation. Dwayne Kurisu. The Hawaii Community Foundation. The Hawaii Council of Associations of Abarbon Owners. Hawaii Energy. The Hawaii Energy Policy Forum. Hawaiian Electric Company. Integrated Security Technologies. Galen Ho of BAE Systems. Kamehameha Schools. MW Group. The Shidler Family Foundation. The Sydney Stern Memorial Trust. Volo Foundation. Yuriko J. Sugimura. Thanks so much to you all. And we're back on The Tough Love with Loretta Chan, where I quiz some of Hawaii's changemakers on the things they're doing to make Mother Earth better, or worse. So today we're talking to Quinn Quinn Duan, who's a dear friend of mine, but she's also the founder of two NGOs, one that looks into education and the other to look into a childhood development. So before the break, we were just having a conversation on how we create happy schools. And lots of people obviously understand that school stress is now on the rise. There is a correlation between a high depression and suicide rates in societies and countries that score really well in STEM. And I can speak for ourselves, because my husband's Korean and I'm from Singapore. We're both from these very high stress societies. I mean, we do well in school, but that's why we're here now in Hawaii. We're like, okay, we need to kick it back a notch. But jokes aside, how do we really begin to implement this notion of happiness and happy schools in say an American system? Because a lot of people will say, yeah, sure, we all want to be happy, but is this just something that crazy rich Asians do? We take our children to happy, expensive schools. I mean, how do we make this affordable, viable? How do you propose we do that? Actually, happy school is a concept that not only applied for school, and we not only now are testing or exercising. This is not newly born. We've been exercising for the last 10 years in Bhutan. Now in Asia, in Vietnam, 45 public schools are adopting happy school system. In Switzerland, in Geneva, the city of Geneva is thinking to make Geneva the first happiness city in Europe. So actually, outside America, a lot of happy actions are going. But basically, when you talk about transforming society, I think we have to come back to the fundamental question is our perspective of life, individual life. So we need to start from self-healing to social transformation, which I'm promoting from happy mom education, from individuals, from a family. And at the same time, we're also offering training for school teachers, because who spends most of the time with our children? The teachers and parents. So we have to work two legs, and one side emphasis on happy family and one side on happy teachers. And we have series of practice workshops and travels. People have to see it first. This is not newly invented. Actually, there's a country on earth called Bhutan are living, practicing daily with around 80,000, 800,000 people. So I see solutions coming up from West education system. It's like a bandage. So you need to look for a cost, root cost, which we need to start to respect in life from a different perspective, and we need to respect the rhythm of our child development, which we don't. We're just pushing our kids competitive, more competitive, but actually this earth has a boundary. If everyone is competing to have more resources in three generations, we're finished. So how can we, living in Hawaii, bring me this conscious awareness that we are actually living on an island called earth, and aloha ha ha means breath of life. We don't share common ground. We share common breath. And if we think about that, just bring the simple awareness of aloha to everyone, we actually can connect each other at a higher conscious level and start living more respectful to each other and to our children, to our society. And people will accept more the concept of changing daily life in a more self-content way and an environmental way. So let me just ask you this again, it's tough love. So why don't you just play devil's advocate, right? Do you not see a danger in us becoming so content? I mean, one of the things I love about living in Hawaii and Bhutan is that I do feel happier. I do, I do. I feel happier, I feel more content. Is there a danger, though, that we can go and become a little bit too content where it conflicts with the desire to work harder, to be more productive?  How do we begin to balance the need for productivity and the sense of contentment in a healing? I mean, balance is always the key, right? How do you, for the first reason, begin to do that or unravel that? That is like the age-old dichotomy, East-West, right? And how do we even begin to unravel that? Yes, this is a very important question, which leads to the fundamental question again, the cause, that different perspective of life. You see, productivity has different meaning in different culture content, in culture. In Bhutan, this is called productivity. This piece of a coat I designed is used a two-year-long hand-waving fabric. So in Bhutan, people would spend two years to meditate over a piece of beautiful fabric and wave it, synchronize their appreciation to culture and to their spirituality and to the five elements of nature and all the beautiful patterns of nature. And they manifest through their artistic finger into the fabric. And then what? And they would wear this fabric and design into clothes for their children, for the beloved families, and for the respected gurus, teachers. And they also sell at a good price in the market to the customers who appreciate it like me. And everywhere I go in the world, I wear Bhutan fabric because it's a piece of art. So when you consider the overall well-being of a life as the first priority, productivity is to support the well-being. It's not your well-being sacrificing your well-being to support your productivity, which in the GDP system we're sacrificing our nature resources, our human resources. Listen to the English. Language is the skin of our culture. Our English language, we call everything resources. Because why? We want to use up resources. Resources is to serve the single ego purpose of human greed. So there's no respect in this language. And which in Hawaiian language is a totally different direction in the Eastern Chinese language and in Bhutan the same. So this come back to how do we define life goals? If our life goal is to work together to make our country, our society, our young generation to move together in harmony with mother nature, then that's any productivity is designed based on balance and harmony. But if our goal is only to pay attention to our investors of shareholders or increase of our productivity of things, then that's another difference. And we're sacrificing everything. So I think we need to first to bring awareness of life that what is the certain definitions of things we're so used to and which has been put in our brain since a young age. And again, like I said, this is Tough Love with Loretta Chan. So I have to ask you tough questions. I'm with you because when I was in Bhutan, this piece of fabric that I'm wearing is from Bhutan. And I remember when I was in Bhutan, they don't have a lot of money.  So they give me a piece of fabric that they've woven for an entire year.  The point I'm trying to make is people will say, yeah, but that's great, Quinn Quinn.  The average working class, middle class, professional or student will be like, I want to support sustainable fashion, but it's too darn expensive. And time is money. I need to go out there and, you know, work to pay rent. How can the average person begin to incorporate sustainable practices in their life when they are strapped for cash? Because we got to admit eating sustainable organic food and dressing up in sustainable fashion is expensive. How can the average person do that? I think this would take some time because we have been in this GDP system which is controlling the earth for the last 100 years, but speeded up last 30 years really did some damage on the earth. But I think if we start to educating people, show people, share people what is the fundamental relationship. Let's see from life, from fashion. If you understand your skin is your second biggest breathing organ beside your nose, that if you understand 25% fertilizer chemical used for growth of cotton and almost majority of the fabric on the market has toxic to your skin, you would think you want to live longer with healthier life. Especially with expensive health care. Yes, and you would want to search into organic fabrics and for your children's health and growth. And actually there's many hope in the young generation. I know many young designers and young people are searching to learn organic dye and it's cotton. This is silk, silk is the most expensive thing now in organic fashion. But we can build the learning about organic wearing fashion from a young age to a young mother's education. And also we need to teach young people you don't need to own so many clothes and you need to own high quality. You want a high quality that is benefit to your health, your spiritual, the holistic life. And so one last. I mean a fabric in Bhutan like this pass on generations I have collecting antique fabrics from Bhutan which been varying for four generations. And they are still beautiful. You still can wear them. And so it's really matter of how you look at life, how cherish. How much you cherish yourself. And this come back to the self-connection again to the happy school. We haven't taught children putting healthy food in their mouths, putting healthy clothes on their body. It's important for their well-being, for the society well-being. Then they will never do it. So if we start from a young generation now we will see a difference on earth. I mean in fact we are already seeing difference. I mean we see how youths are now striking you know not you know striking for climate change. 16-year-old climate change activist Greta Thunberg who is like you know person of the year she gained recognition when she went on strike from school right lasted to protest climate change and now it's a whole series of worldwide demonstrations most recently the September 20th strike that drew an estimate of above 4 million people right. She's led by example. She's been around Europe by train. In fact in August she traveled on a zero emission sailboat to the US. So just very quickly we now have just like under three minutes. I mean what she's doing now is creating all this awareness on climate change right. In fact the reports of Swedish airports that have now reported a decline in travelers because a lot of activists now have attributed this to the Greta effect because a lot of people are so aware of humanity's impacts on the planet that they now are trying to cut back on their travel. How do we begin to suture these thoughts right. On the one hand we want people to travel to become more aware of what's happening out there and looking for sustainable practices but then now we're also seeing perhaps like a backlash. People don't want to travel because they're like oh no now I'm contributing to greenhouse gases and carbon emissions. What do you say to that in 90 seconds? Okay so travel is a huge industry. Why actually is ranked number two I think impacting the mother earth. It does bring environmental issues but as a learning journey for youth travel is important. I think it's not a matter not to travel it's matter how we travel. When we travel mindful selectively with high awareness and then works the program we launched called Operation Earth Travel and in Asia between Bhutan, China and Hawaii we are promoting when the young travelers go and we will offset their travel emission by planting a tree in the local region where they go in and bring their we developed this organic tea product skin care set for them to travel with and we developed the travel gears for them they it's reusable. So during the travel try to learn from the culture where like Hawaii can teach them how to reconnect with nature because mother earth so beautiful here you don't want contaminated mother earth here in the ocean in the forest young people get it very fast actually. So make travel as a moving education a moving happy school is my goal and my team's goal and of course we need reduce unnecessary travel because we're living in such internet world but certain travel to help local community and to gain their confidence actually if more visitors come to Hawaii with respect learning with the intention with the intention learning about aloha I think we help the community in Hawaii to appreciate their own culture. That's right and with that thank you so much thank you for watching tough love with Loretta Chen because tough times don't last but tough loving people do thank you so much Kunkun thank you so much thank you


Hello, everyone. Welcome to our session on Jeffree Stew's private cloud. And my name is Takuma Kawai from Ivy in Japan. And I am a chief architect for Jeffree Stew Corporation account team. Today, I am happy to announce that one of the largest enterprises in Japan, Jeffree Stew Corporation, has just launched OpenStack-based cloud service this April. The name is JOS Cloud. I'd like to introduce the owner of JOS Cloud Project, Mr. Kento Watanabe, Jeffree Stew Corporation. And for starters, he would give us some insight on what's going around his company and its industry. And how the private cloud service will help them to deal with those business challenges. OK, the name JOS Cloud stands for Jeffree's Outros Cloud. And this blue cloud is the logo of JOS Cloud. It's composed of J-O-S. And we have a little contest on this. And actually, I was a winner. Thank you. So please, Watanabe-san. I'm Kento Watanabe, a staff manager of IT Innovation Leading Department at Jeffree Stew Corporation. I have been an owner of some of the biggest projects in our IT department, such as JOS Cloud or Virtual Network Implementation. Jeffree Stew Corporation is a Japanese integrated steel producer with major production operations in Japan. 80% of Jeffree Holdings revenue comes from Jeffree Stew. It is formed through a measure between Kawasaki Steel and NQK in 2002. And Jeffree Stew became the only integrated steel producer in the corporate group. We measure the size of steel producers by how much crude steel it produces per year. Jeffree Stew produces about 30 million tons of crude steel per year. And this is the second largest in Japan and the ninth in the world. We are operating at two major steel mills at East and West Japan. And one mid-sized steel works at Mid-Japan. Our product includes steel sheet, electrical steel sheet, plate, pipe, bar, load, stainless, and iron powder. Almost every variation of steel products. We have just entered the second year of fifth mid-term of business plan. And our vision is to continually reinvent ourselves as a global steel supplier that creates new value as we grow with our customers. Delivering the world's greatest technologies and services is key to achieving the vision. As an IT department, that is our competitive IT strategy company. We have stated our own IT strategy as shown on the middle of this chart. Important part, our IT should pursue technology at global level and deliver with speed of business to create customer-oriented value. To achieve the vision, we have to perform the following three items. First, IT restructuring. Second, IT leveraging. And third, IT risk management. We have already started to build advanced infrastructure, including, number one, Group Cloud. That can consolidate and streamline IT infrastructure throughout JFE Group as a whole. Number two, Virtual Data Center. That enables both disaster recovery with minimum RTO and effective use of IT resources. Number three, open and standardization. That supports flexible architecture. Number four, analytic infrastructure. Underpin by IoT and Big Data that extend our values as an enterprise. Because of our formation and the history, department and production locations own their IT infrastructure. Management systems and policies, such that there are no governance as an enterprise. You cannot miss the cost that derives from this inefficiency. When you see near the future, say 10 years from now, they should be standardized under single governance. This is why we put the biggest focus on data center consolidation. IT resources should be shared, but risks should be distributed. Therefore, we came up with a roadmap to first consolidate our resources into two locations, one in West and the other in East. Then integrate them into one Virtual Data Center. JOS Cloud is a solution that derives a major part of the roadmap. Another key technology that is to actualize the roadmap is network virtualization, namely OTB and Lisp from Cisco. This is a kind of software-defined network solutions in the broader sense. Two data centers are interconnected of a layer two extension with network traffic loaded dynamically following the appropriate path. With this solution implemented, JOS Cloud will gain more flexibility and improve mobility and availability of business applications. JFish Seals' goals for fifth midterm plan is to raise our return on sales from current 7% up to 10%. According to our estimation, migrating existing workload to JOS Cloud will reduce our IT cost down by 28% which contributes to achieve the goal. Now I will hand this over to Kawaii-san to show you some technical considerations. Thank you. Now that everyone's aware of what my client's business challenges are, I would like to explain how JOS Cloud has been trying to solve those problems with technology and architecture. First, I would like to mention how important that to relate Cloud and IT services.  But as I become familiar with Cloud, I know I was wrong. And now I see Cloud itself is service. By this definition, I'm going to read the script from here. Service is a means of delivering value to customers by facilitating outcomes that customers want to achieve without the ownership of specific costs and risks. In other words, service should enhance customer's business assets and it should be designed to align with business requirements. Just providing boxes of servers won't satisfy the definition. Service providers get paid and gain competitiveness in return for designing and managing services, improving their quality and cost performance. Major enablers of services are processes, people, and technology. Service management is a mean to bridge those enablers to make sure that the service always aligns with customers' business requirements. From this perspective, JOS Cloud has always been designed to be integrated with service management. I'd like to focus on the characteristics and how it is working on collaboration with OpenStack. Some of you may have seen this diagram. It is called Cloud Computing Reference Architecture and it's a blueprint to guide IBM development teams and field practitioners in the design of public and private Clouds. It has been created from collective experiences of hundreds of Cloud clients' engagements and implementation of IBM hosted Clouds. We refer to this model when designing JOS Cloud and I believe that it also aims to align business requirements and IT services. Here are the list of JVCC requirements and technical capabilities that help to satisfy them. Our customer, as is usual with the still producers nowadays, requires cost optimization, speed, scalability, and business continuity. And please keep in mind that business continuity is one of the most critical aspects for still producing because still producing is the source of revenue and profit that is generated every minute that still works. And once it stops, it takes a couple of months and hundreds of millions of dollars to get back to the normal operation. They also want us to leverage leading edge technology to become the technology leader in the industry. Virtualization is one of those technologies. It drives consolidation of physical servers, improves CPU utilization from current 30% to 50% up to over 70% and that can contribute to the cost optimization. Pay as you go also helps customers to reduce IT costs because they do not have to pay unless they don't use the resources. Skills also contribute to satisfy the requirements. Exa Corporation, a joint venture between JVCC and IBM Japan, has more than 30 years accumulated experiences and knowledge of system management at Steelworks, where 247 availability is the norm and makes a great contribution to maintain the service quality. Just like this, we were gathering good technologies but needed some more pieces to be filled to connect processes, people, and technology. This is a brief overview of data center configuration. We call this an operational model. From the contract perspective, JOS Crowd provides the choice of four platforms, including Intel Architecture, Power Architecture, System Z or Z Linux, and SoftLayer, a public cloud service provided by IBM. They're all planned to be placed under the control of our service-providing functions, including OpenStack. But currently, Intel and Power are the only areas controlled by those functions. Today, I'd like to focus on those platforms, so called Type A of JOS Cloud. What is significant here is that those two data centers are configured as DR sites. According to a capacity estimation, we chose IBM XAV Storage System to satisfy scalability requirements for the next five years, as well as availability and ease of use requirements. By the way, there would be 500 VMs for over five years. And two XAV boxes installed at both sites are connected through Storage Sync LAN and the remote mirror function being enabled in such a way as to send copies of VM images to the other site for those who select business continuity options. I will talk about DR in detail later. Now I would like to discuss how cloud services are implemented on the infrastructure pictured on the previous slide, especially from an ITSM provider's point of view. This slide lists how JOS Cloud should work to deal with all the requirements that comes from changes in business environment during the next five years, during the term of the outsourcing contract between JFE and IBM. In five years, there is supposed to be a rapid increase in number of distributed servers because still our systems running on mainframes are being re-hosted. Data center will be consolidated, as what I understand explained earlier. And we had to get ready to take advantage of public cloud services to make JOS Cloud evolve into the hybrid cloud in reality. To deal with those changes, we had to keep and improve our service levels with competitive price and operating effectiveness that can contribute to customer's business. This is a brief component model that shows cloud-providing functionalities and the process flows among them to handle every service request from customers smoothly. Boxes colored in purple are mainly IT service management processes that standardize delivery operations. You will see the large cylinder labeled CMDB right here in the middle of the purple area. And this is a single source of information that holds all the configuration items, relationships among them, and any other related information that documents in JOS Cloud. These functions run on IBM's IT service management tool called IBM Control Desk or ICD. And blue area represents automation. Operation manuals or procedures are coded into business process definitions, which run on business process manager or BPM. IBM Cloud Orchestrator is a tool that bundles BPM and IBM version of OpenStack called IBM Cloud Manager with OpenStack or ICM. It is formerly known as CMO2. Here's how it works. A service request is captured at ICD and then stored into the CMDB. And once the change request is approved here, the parameters are passed over to automation. Then BPM kicks the automation process where OpenStack APIs are called. And finally, a virtual machine is deployed completing the whole service request process. OK, this is the detailed version of the previous slide. I just wanted to mention here that there are a lot of detailed analysis and designs to make things happen. Here comes the three-layered architecture mentioned in the abstract of this presentation. And I like to take longer time on this chart because this is what differentiates JOS Cloud from other private cloud services. We separated the service management layer where self-portal and configuration management database are reside from the service providing infrastructure underneath. This is layer one. And it is designed to be the only human interface in this architecture. In the form of service requests, all the events that trigger birth and termination of virtual instances are captured into the single database from the first place, managed through the IT processes for their life cycles, including financial management that control the price table and the accounting reports that directly affect customers' business. ICD is a tool dedicated for IT service management and the best fit for this purpose. Layer two represents automation, implemented with BPM and an open stack. Once a change request is approved in layer one, parameters are passed through the web API and using REST APIs provided by both ICD and BPM. I suppose everyone is familiar with what is happening under those two layers, but I have to mention one thing within layer three. And these are the physical infrastructures. We have to provide a variety of platforms to serve for customers' needs, and both VMware and PowerVM should be available, which adds some of complexity to this architecture. This is why we took advantage of open stack. With that open stack, we would have to have to develop kinds of automation scripts that execute different commands on each platform and would not have completed the project within the limited time and budget. As you might have noticed, each layer is specially connected. This way, changes of environment happening in each layer, such as the revision of the price table or upgrade of storage capacity to not directly affect other layers, giving JOS Cloud flexibility of changes. It used to take around two weeks from the submission of service requests to a release of Virtual Machine, but it is now cut down to three working days. Three working days now becomes key performance indicator between JFE and IBM. To summarize, no virtual instances are allowed to be changed unless they are raised from the quarter and have appropriate approvals. This way, we can guarantee that the status of infrastructure always align with the status of business. Most important of all, we actually built and brought it up and running rather than just drawing a pretty picture right here. Now, let's take off from that picture talk and dig deep into the technology. We made a lot of important decisions around the open stack. As we have seen, ICD is the trigger that makes change to virtual machines. There are two options to make the changes happening after they are approved within ICD. Left column of the table is the option where an open stack takes control of virtual machines. With BPM is using open stack APIs to vCenter and PowerVC. The other option on the right column, BPM passes the control of virtual machines directly over to VM and PowerVC without the help of open stack. There are pros and cons for both options, especially around cost of development and the future of the technology. Our Intel server delivery team has always relied on vCenter when managing VMware environment, because it provides management efficiency, customizability, and stability backed by the market share. It was obvious that they would support the option on the right-hand side. Prior to the development of Jail's Cloud, IBM's distinguished engineer, who are supposed to be here with us today, but unfortunately couldn't make it, proceeded that delivery team to focus more on standardization and openness for the future. And they made decision to depend on open stack rather than a vCenter. They're still not totally sure if they made the right decision, but so far at least we could build the automatic provisioning system without knowing the propriety APIs provided by VMware or PowerVM. Let's face it, there's always been a dispute if it is appropriate to treat servers as cattle rather than pets in an enterprise landscape. And yes, they are cattle in a sense that they could be reproduced repeatedly with the same traits, but our understanding is that our cattle requires an extra care since they are the backbones of customers' business activities and should be allowed to own some degree of the individuality as we see in the next slide. This is the list of major architectural decisions. The first decision is the scope of open stack. Our grand rule is to use only open stack APIs to manage virtual instances, unless customers' business requires a functionality that is not supported by open stack. We knew we had to stick to standardization supported by open stack when we designed the architectural framework. But we were also very careful, especially when discussing backup and DR configuration to satisfy JFE's business continuity requirements. One other exception is when we have to give up Cinder snapshot but to choose XIV remote mirror to accommodate JFE's business continuity requirements to minimize the service disruption during the volume backup and to achieve considerably short RPO of 10 minutes and RTO of six hours in the most strict case. The other exception is Neutron, because our network is already standardized with Cisco at physical level and have plans to take advantage of Cisco solutions to build the virtual network. In practice, we had to admit that there are cases we should narrow down open stack scope to fit into the purpose instead of adopting the whole package. Should Keystone be shared or separated was another point of the argument. As you see in the diagram, we had an option to deploy Keystones at both sides right here. But this option requires us to set up another BPM. We have decided to share one Keystone from both West and East to reduce the number of components to be managed and all the security information is to be aggregated into one data store. Here comes another architecture overview. This time, we are focusing on open stack. As you see, to guarantee the consistency of the central database and processes, we only have one instance of ICD and ICO and Keystone at East Data Center, where 70% of JF's workload runs. West Data Center considered to be the dear side for those service-providing functions. We try to keep our open stack configuration as simple as possible to sustain management efficiency. Even though there are multiple departments and subsidiaries to share the resources, we only have one tenant, which is to be secured under one Keystone domain. Since we have to deploy one or each hypervergeal cluster at both sides, we have to allocate total of four regions. Within each region, there is one availability zone. By the way, per VC, the power version of East Center is also open stack based software, so we had to install six open stack packages in total, four ICMs, and two power VCs. That's a lot of open stack and you may love it. On our way to reach our final dear architecture, there are some issues to be solved. West Data Center on the left, East Data Center on the right. Could you take a look at the numbers in rest circles? Number one, how are we going to synchronize open stack data stores between two sites for the use for disaster recovery? It turned out we didn't have to synchronize any of them. Once we decided to spread the regions over both sites. Number two, now that we separated the regions, we had to prepare these centers at both sites and license for both sites. As we bought them, excuse us, but the costs are to be recovered from Watanabe-san. Number three, the most important issue. How are we going to copy and recover the virtual instances? I will talk about this on the next slide. And number four, how ICD and the CMDB can be recovered. We leveraged DB2, HADR configuration to replicate all the changes made in primary database to the dear sites. And number five, how BPM application can be recovered. The product provides an export function of process definitions to be restored at the dear site. This is the detailed explanation of issue number three from the previous slide. Values are synchronized between XIVs at both sites for both VMA region and power region. There are differences between VMA and the power on how to recover the virtual machines using open stack. In the case of VMA, each instance is allocated on each VMFS that contains multiple VM decays representing one system volume mapped to Nova and data volumes mapped to Singer. Each VMFS is assigned one physical volume on XIV. When disaster occurs, first, V center locates the backup VMDK and registers it under its control at the dear site. Second, then the volume can be registered as a glance image and deployed within the region. Then empty Synder volumes will be mapped to that system, and the data can be restored from the backup VMDKs. Because this is a kind of complicated procedure and takes longer than the expected RTO, we decided to use only V center instead of open stack when recovering from disasters. As for power, PowerVC can recognize the synchronized volumes as Nova and Singer volumes. ICM will see them as new instances at dear site. We have tested those procedures during development and validated that systems can actually be restored in this manner. In conclusion, let's recall Jeffy's requirements and our technical solution. We had only technologies at the beginning, but now we have automation, standardization, and open stack. The connect processes, people, and technology. With regard to our skills, because we have gone through the tough development project for about a year, extra cooperation has gained a deep understanding and capability around open stack, and our partnership became stronger than ever. Let's wrap it up. What is great about JS Cloud? In summary, it is a solution that combines everything Jeffy still requires from IT infrastructure services. We have long been delivering IT services to Jeffy still, and what we do has not changed much over time, and will remain the same in years to come. But on the course to developing JS Cloud, when and how we deliver the services has changed to satisfy customers' business requirements. Capacity planning, hardware procurement, kitting and racking, design and installation, and systems management. In the past, we were doing those tasks at each individual project level. With JS Cloud, we prepared the resources and tools ahead of time to be shared across projects. This enables us to shorten the lead time or the cost overhead burden to each project. This is the first thing great about JS Cloud. The other thing is that all the scattering existing processes are connected within JS Cloud. For example, user account registration used to be processed with papers, but we replaced it with an ICDs electronic workflow. There are no more manual checklists for the pre-release routines, but we set those configurations into our virtual machine templates. Even customer becomes a part of the process by triggering the service requests, such that all the information are stored within the CMDV from their existence and easily tracked down through their life cycles. Information stored in CMDV can be leveraged as our big data source, where we can analyze to detect signs of a service level breach and to improve our service quality proactively. The third and the last thing is that we eliminated every single manual operations that needed to be automated to achieve the KPI, released within three working days. Each factor works in orchestration with value-added properties underneath, such as business continuity or pay-as-you-go. JOS Cloud aligns ICD service and businesses of JFH Steel Corporation. Thank you. Any questions? If there are no questions, thank you very much for your time.


It does seem a bit odd that this physical principle is not reversible, that you can go this way, but you can't go that way. And this, it turns out, is a very fundamental law of physics to do with entropy. This is actually what gives time its direction. Some things, like a person jumping into the water, can happen, but the reverse, like this, can't happen. You can't turn the heat of the water back into throwing someone out of the water. Likewise, pens don't spontaneously leap off the tables, like this. You can't turn the heat in the table into a pen's jumping into the air. Pretty strange word, if it was. If you're going for a swim, suddenly random people get flung out of the water.  But then the way around does work. Very strange and very fundamental.


What's up, everybody? Jason here for jaspyscaserace.com. 2023, tops pristine baseball, two box break, ran in teams number one, just sold out. And again, guys, six packs per box, 10 cards per pack. Remember, it's a pack and a pack within a pack. Two autos, one autograph relic, 10 base refractors, five inserts. And again, this is a two box break out of an eight box case. So here's a nice roll. Let's roll it four and one, five times, five, one, two, three, four, five. Brian down to Zach, four and one, five, five, one, two, three, four, five. Yankees down to the Rockies. All right, so Brian got the Yankees, Joe with the D-Vax, Stephen with the Reds, Chad, you have the Cubs, Harry with the Giants, DMACC with the Brewers, Harry with the Astros, Kev with the White Sox, Zach with the Marlins, Ryan with the Blue Jays, Brian with the Pirates, Zach with the A's and Phillies, Lauren with the Rays, Zach with the Angels, Harry with the D-Twins, Dougs with the Dodgers, Zach with the Cardinals, DMACC with the Tigers, Eric with the Mariners, Brian with the Braves, John with the Podgers, Raymond with the Mets, AJ with the Red Sox, Brian with the Orioles and Rangers, Ed with the Royals, Chad with the Guardians, Zach with the Nationals, as well as the Rockies. All right, well, y'all want to make any trades? Throw them into open, Cubs are trade. Yeah, I feel like Chad, you didn't get the craziest teams randomized, but I will say they tend to hit. Guardians do, especially the Cubs. And that quarterback got rocked. All right, well, try to trade Cubs and trade Modulon, TWC trade when they're closed. All right, well, I did post up a second break, guys. If you guys want to run it back, I always can run them back, guys. No knife, no ice, three and twos. See if I can try to display all of them. I'm going to put this one like this, but obviously it sort of represents two. So one, two, three, four, guys. There's four all across. Four all across. Oh my God, did it really? Like not a replacement, though, right? Just the actual cause or cause. All right, let's see what we generate, guys. A roll of dice, anything before five or six, we'll just re-roll it. Five, do it again. Did it say five again? Five again? No way. All right, two. One, two. Actually, it's the one that we can write this, meant to be. So these ones will be for future breaks. Put the boxes behind you. You called them? So you actually were able to reach them? See, I told you, man. I told you, they say all the time, if you're able to actually get them on the phone, you will get it to done quick. So what does that even mean? Did they already have it ready? They just were just like F Chad's redemption request. We have other things to worry about more. Or he's not complaining about it. Let's just wait until he complains. Well, yours should have been an on-card though, wasn't it? Wasn't it from a choice box?  I guess at some point last year, right? Maybe even two years ago, I don't even remember. I think it was 2022, right? But yeah, that's what usually happens, man. If you can get a hold of an eating, then they magically do it. And then you do get something, something fixed, something done. Seven, oh man, that's been almost, that's over two years then for the Texas Rangers. And I'm gonna show you this sheet one more time, I guess. Texas, that's going to Brian Anderson. Alvarez, and then that going, going on is a six out of 50. That's for the D-backs to 50. Joe Rosen with that one. There's a little belly, tucker, to 75. Oh snap, no linear in auto. And for Minnesota, Tori Hunter around the Diamond Autographs. That's going to the Minnesota Twins, Harry, and Johnny Bench for the Reds, Steven Campbell. Let's go with the encased. First one we got is Josh Winkowsky, to 75 for Boston. We got a Alec Wendoa, Fresh Faces Autograph for the Blue Jays. Blue Jays is Ryan G. Leg Leers for the Ace, uncirculated. Zach Lasbombojo, we got Xander Bogarts for the Padres. Padres, that's going to John. And behind Santiago Espinale, to 75 for the Blue Jays, is for the Phillies, Mark Appel. That's up there for the Phillies. All right, here we go. Second box. Brad Beatty, got Alejandro Kirk. So 99, Peter Londo for the Mets. Raymond, Sammy Sosa going, going, gone. As well as a Brady Singer. Number to 25 for the Royals. Royals, Ed, Yoshida, Frank Thomas. You got A-Rod for the Mariners. Go, see you later. Have a great weekend. To 50, and we got Tautis, Swings of Summer for the Padres. Padres, John. And it looks like we didn't get the relic in this box, which again, guys, just like last year, I've been noticing with some pristine cases and boxes. If there wasn't a relic in a box, could be an extra hit there, or it's hiding in a second box, guys. So hopefully there's something extra here, but if not, that means there's an extra relic autograph somewhere in another box. So could be a nice box hiding back there. All right. We got a Miguel Cabrera for Detroit to 75. Tiger's going to DMACC. Woo, one of my favorite players this year, guys, from the World Baseball Classic, from Mexico. How about a Randy, a Rosarania? Going, going, gone, gold for the Tampa Bay Race to 50. Lauren with the race. We got Aramis Ramirez for the Cubbies uncirculated. We got Brandon Crawford uncirculated there for the Giants. And then we have Pedro Martinez to 75 for the Sox. And last one here is Jeter Downs for Washington Nationals going to Zach. There you go, guys. Well, again, that was just the first two boxes. Very nice going, going, gone there, Randy. But like I said, we were missing one hit, so there could be an extra hit in one of those other boxes there, guys. Still didn't get a die-cut autograph, like a O-snap. Didn't get a thicker RPA. So if you guys want to give it a shot, the next two box break is in the store, guys. Appreciate it at JasperysCaseRakes.com.


Hello everyone. Welcome to NPTEL course on groundwater hydrology and management. This is week eight and we are at lecture one. Let's quickly see what we looked at in the previous lectures especially week seven where we looked at the manual on artificial recharge of groundwater. First we established the fact that the recharge is not enough for sustainable groundwater use and thereby we have to increase the recharge rates. How do you increase recharge rates? By having artificial groundwater recharge. The natural recharge is not adequate for the current use scenario and that is why we had to engage in artificial recharge mechanisms. Those can be divided into three types the direct, indirect and combination methods. In simple terms direct recharge is making the water slowly get into the ground and recharge the groundwater by creating increased contact between the water and the surface and or residence time. Whereas your indirect method is by you pump in one region and because of your extensive pumping there is recharge or movement of water towards the well. You create the cone of depression and you can have indirect recharge. The best methods were found to be a combination of methods because most of these problems do not have one type of solution and they should be region specific. For example it is different in the unconsolidated regions, semi-consolidated region and consolidated and based on what and how the user water. If there is much use for groundwater then you have to engage in artificial groundwater recharge otherwise the natural recharge should slowly cater to the groundwater recharge and there is no need for artificial networks. So with this we are coming to week eight. We did see how water recharges but it is also important to see how water is extracted from the groundwater aquifer. The most important mechanism is by pumping because the trees, plants, living organisms, natural discharge all are very small on the planet or even in India compared to the pumping volume. Same way like the discharge and consumption springs etc are very small because natural processes are small it goes in a way to sustain but when you put technology and take out the groundwater then you are actually engaging in a faster discharge. So for that it is important to understand what are the different types of groundwater discharge axes or wells and how does water being taken out of these wells? Is it pumps? Is it lift irrigation type mechanisms or using manual labor, animals, livestock power? What power do they use? Is it diesel power, solar power etc and what are the alternative methods for power? On the same report it is important to understand the government's plans for extensively recharging the groundwater. In the previous week we did see like we will have convergence of funds and other things. However in week eight we will also see what are the other programs that are used to monitor and augment groundwater. There has been some questions regarding and comments regarding notes and books. So I am giving you one book which is open source. You can find it on the bottom page here of the presentation. HTTPSpubs.usgs.gov. Please use that it has all the basics of groundwater. The other books and materials are available online or you can purchase it but please for your exams and for your test the questions will only come from my slides which are based on all these books because I have the book I cannot put the book on the online platform. However I can share an open source document so the one you see down is an open source document. Please download this and you can go through all the comments and sections that we have made during the last eight weeks and also in the weeks to come. Well types as users. So the most important is to understand what well types we have and it's important to understand what are the uses of these wells. So you could see that well type can be for access point of groundwater can be dependent on the location, the timing or the use. The use is more important because all the others are kind of taken care of by science and technology. For example when you have a well in the hard rock aquifer and water is not coming you have drill deep to get water. Nowadays you can have pumps readily to take the water out. So it is no more a constraint to use water from a particular location. The constraint or the important factor is the use. Where do you want to use it? How do you want to use it? We are understanding or debating today on the three main uses which is domestic. Domestic as in for humans use and it includes community, house supply or is it a public supply. So there is multiple different types of supplies. It could be one house by itself and one groundwater well or a community like five, six houses, one groundwater well or for a street or a village, one groundwater well or a city has many wells to cater for the groundwater market. This is how it looks like as per the USGS diagram. You could see that the first figure is kind of a house slash community supply where you have the well put. What type of well is a different mechanism and others may not look at? What is the use of the well? So the well is put and it has a screen interval and through which water can go through and then you pump it out. How much you pump? Water starts to move into the wells and then you get more and more recharge or discharge based on the pump speed. That is the community or individual house. But when you go to the public, as I said, one massive well which could cater to a lot of houses, you could see that it is much, much deeper, much bigger in diameter. Look at the diameter size and the depth and it pumps at a very high speed rate and that rate makes the water table converge.  Then the water table would just go into the well. It converges and that convergence causes this cone of depression and more water would come. We did see this phenomenon in the previous lecture under induced pumping or indirect pumping. So the most important take-home message here is there are public suppliers which run deep but it is one massive well catering to a lot of people and there is a possibility for groundwater depletion if the recharge is not taken. The next part is agriculture. The most important groundwater user in terms of volume. So the different types are within the agriculture sector. There are small farms which looks like this.  This is a very clear example from the villages where you have a well and it is right in between your farm field or a small farm. And then there's two pumps going in which pump the water out.  Then there are large farms where it is more bore well type where you bring a rig and then you dig a well and then it comes from up out and that type would have either the motor within a submersible pump or in most cases the pump is kept outside and it pumps using. Solar is very hard because the pump has to operate at a high rate. So mostly it's diesel or electricity. Then we come to the other sector which is the most highest consumer after agriculture which is your industrial sector but it depends on the type of industry. So we cannot generalize this throughout the planet. We can generalize domestic use, we can generalize agriculture based on the crop type but it is hard to generalize the industrial demand without knowing what is the industry. But most importantly it looks like this where a series of pumps are placed like massive, massive width pumps and there is a diameter tube which runs under the ground and then pumps the water out. So same like the public supply well but this is at a much, much higher rate because it goes to the industry and industries like bottling industries, food industries, car industries where they have a lot of washing to be done, garment industries. So all of them take a lot of water which is sometimes undocumented. You don't have a rate at which they take, all industries do not disclose it because the pump is really, really very high tech pumps. So if you look at the costliest types of wells, definitely the costliest would go at the industry, then agriculture, then domestic. If you look at the volume, it is agricultural, then industry, then domestic. It will look at number of wells, it will be domestic more because it is spread across at a household level also. So how are these constructed? Now we have discussed about one of the different wealth types based on the uses but how are these constructed is very, very important to understand. Before we understand how they are constructed, please just let's revisit where the wells are, what we're talking about. There's only two types of wells that we're going to talk about. It is either in the unsaturated zone or in the confined aquifers. Okay. The unsaturated zone can also have some saturated water table in the unconfined aquifer. So there is a water table and underneath that the pump or the well depth can be placed and water can be extracted. So there is either unconfined aquifer or a confined aquifer and within the unconfined there could be a saturated and unsaturated level. That can also happen in the confined aquifer after you pump a lot. Once you pump everything out, then it becomes unsaturated. Okay. So let's look at well design and well types based on the network that we want to see. So most importantly, it is between the two aquifers, what wells are available in the two aquifers and also what speed of the discharge is going to come based on the use. So the typical well design is given here for the unconsolidated formation and unconsolidated loose formation and then a consolidated formation. So what is this unconsolidated formation? We looked at this in the previous lectures. These are mostly the younger sediments or younger aquifers which are mostly in the unconfined zone. It is in the top layer and it is still not consolidated as a unit or in the structure is still loose and so there's a lot of movement of water. So what this well would have is from the top soil, from the ground, a well is there and the well would have passed through the unconsolidated sand and gravel, basically the aquifer and it has a base under the base. It's like a stop but from a particular depth there is screening. So it is like a tube and inside the tube there is screening where water can come. Not all the well is screened which means water cannot come on the top but it can only come in the bottom region here. So water can come here but not on the top. Okay, so this is mostly in a normal setting where the well is there. There's no casing here, still some wall, some water can come through these walls into the well but mostly it is coming from the screened interval. Okay, so that is where most of the water comes in. Then we go to the unconsolidated formation with more loose sand and gravel. What happens if you have a well and there is a loose material outside? Slowly when you pump and there is activity in the well, the solid particles can fall in. This is not good for the well because you have a pump on the bottom or you can have a pipe at the end of the well which you pump up the water and now with all the sediments and debris filling into the well, you would lose the well. See the idea is you dig and take out the debris, rocks, sand and then you create a well. Now if all of them go back in, you lose the well. So to increase this productivity of the well, in some locations they make a screen. So you could see here like a protective casing. So on the outside of the well, there is a case. So it can be along the diameter of the well, like the perimeter of the well. There is a casing which actually prevents the sediment and movement of the material to fall into the well. So that you need to be very careful in understanding that not every type requires it. It is very expensive. It costs a lot to put all these because throughout the depth you have to put a casing and it is not needed in every aquifer system. Only those aquifer systems where you know that the solid particles can move in and fill in the well. Still the screening is the same. You have a screening at the bottom where you want the water. The only thing here which is more important is you have a casing, the protective casing. Moving on we have the unconsolidated on the top and the deep aquifer at the bottom. So this is the consolidated formation. More importantly it is the confined aquifers and you could see that there is a small boundary between these two and you are not interested in the top water. This can happen in a lot of these polluted regions especially like for example near the Ganges belt. You could see that if the Ganga river is polluted, people are afraid that the Ganga river can pollute the underground wells. So what they do is the underground well is not open in the top part, but only the bottom where the water is really, really good. They open the well and from there they take the water. So here if you could see the well is dug. A drill is put and then they take out the material. Then they put a casing on the top so that water doesn't move into the well from the top aquifer and the bottom aquifer or the consolidated aquifer is only open. There's nothing there just you drill it and then you take the debris out, the rocks, the unwanted things out and you have water coming into this channel. Now water comes into the well and there is no screening. It is just an empty vacuum, not a vacuum but an empty space. So water can move in and store. Once the water stores you can take it out and use it. The other factor to be considered here is this is much, much deeper. There is a possibility to have your screening and also your casing cost. The casing cost is on this side and it is very deep. These wells are much, much deeper than the other wells. Let's see where they are placed in India at least. The first is the unconsolidated formation with not that much loose sand. You don't need the casing. So how you do is you let's do a hand digging for example you dig or you use a machinery to JCP and dig the well. You remove all the debris and then you make sure that the well is like a cylinder which goes down. You drill it down. I'll show you the next lecture on how these wells are dug. So what happens here is there is no casing. You know that the alluvial aquifers are okay, the water can seep in because once you put a casing there's no water coming in from that part. Please understand.  Here we don't put the casing so water can still come into these, you know, place into these casings if the casing is open. Here they have a casing open at the bottom screen. So the screen is where the water can move and you can take the water out. In this protective casing setup the walls are stabilized, more stabilized of the well by using these casings and here in the last one you have a casing so that you can only tap on the deep act for groundwater. So where does the first one come? The first one comes along the unconsolidated formations but most importantly the light blue colors where you have movement restricted which means the soil and sand don't move that much. It is still, you know, intact in most locations. It is kind of older compared to the newer alluvium but then when you come to the in between the second type these are more found along the Ganttisbell the dark blue ridges where new sediments are keep on coming and along with this water movement there is some sediment that can move into the well. So it needs to be carefully understood that aspect regarding the wells. And the last part as you would know this is the most dominant type of wells across India because these are in the consolidated formations the light yellowish light orange colors have these wells where you have a screening on the top unconfined part or the unconsolidated formation you have a casing so that water doesn't come in but the water is taken from the deep deep aquifers and the deep aquifers are consolidated formations. They have rigid form consolidated formations and that enables the water to be stored in small pockets which they extract using these wells. So how many wells are there? There are only three to four types of wells depending on who you talk to how the wells are done. So in the previous slides you saw the type of well based on the use which is domestic agriculture and irrigation and then you have industrial wells. Then we looked at in the previous slide the type of well that can fit into a particular geologic situation. Okay not everywhere you can put your agricultural wells it has to be dependent on the consolidated or unconsolidated formation and that is what we mentioned in the previous slide. So based on the geology formation you are restricted to only put some kind of wells and the last is how they are constructed based on that a name is given. So the first one is as you would know it is the well again depending on which book you refer and which notes you take it can be three to four types. I would just go through the three types because that is the most common in India and we have the first type is the dug wells. You could see people digging into the ground and taking the debris out and making the dug wells. There is a pulley system to help the partner to take no rocks and sand out of the well. The dug wells are mostly dug by hand manual labor the hand means they use tools of course it's not like digging in with the hand and it is the most used wells until the recent century because in the recent century there's more mechanizations happening how people can bring in these big machines to take water is still a little because you cannot have that every time but still these more wells are coming in most Indian regions. So this is the most until the recent century the dug wells because dug wells are slowly being replaced as I said with deep bore wells or driven wells drill wells. These wells have been catered to most of the rural regions in India still I could see the wells in my native place in the villages. They are kept intact by most of the people but when the water is gone then they leave the well and go so there's not much you can do with a well which is not recharging. Of the type of access for domestic and irrigation wells mostly it is manual access and you may use interventions. The interventions could be something like a pump with with tandem pipes also one pump to one pipe and another pipe and other interventions also are available for example I've seen wells being taken out the water being taken out using bullet cuts the bullet cuts would go on around and that would turn a gear and the water comes up and then people can walk on a slide you know they walk up the the bucket would go down and then when they come down the bucket comes up and with this the water so the multiple interventions they use for accessing dug wells there's not one important point. Then we have the driven wells the driven wells are you drive instrument inside the ground it pierces inside the ground and then you take the debris out and make a well. Most of the time here you also don't take the debris out because it's such a small diameter compared to the dug well diameter you just have the drive point this is called the drive point and then you have a weight which goes up and down so it is like hitting the well into the ground. Here it is like using a hammer I've done in my fields because these kind of machinery a weight falling onto a well is not available in the forest so I used to carry all these hammers so basically you're hitting a well into the ground I'll explain each and every well in the next class so for now we'll just discuss the three types of major types of wells which is dug driven you drive the well into the ground and the drilled in the drilled one you use heavy machineries especially the bore loggers which come in trucks behind the truck back and then they just really within a couple of minutes they'll put down the tube and then get water for you. Is it sustainable still active? So of these wells the most sustainable is the dug wells because you're not using any big machinery and are not using the all the big big water from the deep aquifer and it is a cautious decision because the access is also mostly by hand for domestic use I'm saying it is really good water for domestic use however the other methods have also taken up so the location wise is also important to understand where these types of you know well I would say our well constructions happen and mostly the dug wells happen along the shallow aquifers and the shallow aquifers mostly are present in the unconsolidated formations so along these blue lie areas and also in most of the Indian regions with shallow aquifer or they say shallow is enough then they would use dug wells. The driven wells are used across India however not much difference between the driven and drilled if you can afford the bore logger and so for that simple fact these bore loggers bore well service people have been putting these drilled wells instead of the driven wells and they have been successful to put many many wells in India the water recharge is not a successful event but the water they are getting through these drilled is the maximum in India compared to drug and driven wells initially it was dug wells which were really good but now it is driven and the drilled wells which are accessing deep groundwater aquifer and of that the most important is the drilled wells we will in the next class see how these wells are each type and what are the precautions that need to be taken so the well suitability and types of well uses we have discussed in this today's lecture in the next lecture we will discuss actually how it is being done across the world I would conclude today's lecture thank you


Well, that is the first tee shot of the day with another set of irons from a company which I had never tested until literally 24 hours ago and I've got to say what I've seen so far I'm super impressed. Will this be another one that I add to the list? Well that company is in fact Zexio and over the last few days I've been trying quite a number of their products and this is another iron that we're going to put through the test at Quinta de Marina. I am out here courtesy of Glencore Golf. There's plenty of time to see this course over the next few days but for now we're going to put these irons to the test and if they live up to the other products I've tested so far it could be an interesting ride. Well that's a 9 iron out of interest and that's really good. Well it's a decent shot to start with but really good control because it was effectively half a 9 iron and what I mean by that is it's well wasn't a full shot and the ability to play a game improvement iron with quite a bit of mass to be fair but then still have a little bit of a control element is key for me in what the big change has been in game improvement irons full stop to be honest with you there but Zexio have done it particularly well. Well like I said game improvement iron but lots of playability still and even with a little half shot and this super lightweight shaft that you would think there might be a few issues in terms of talk there isn't and it's been super impressive again with a short iron in hand. Now the thing I'm really liking about the Zexio product lines in general that I've reviewed so far on the channel I'm not too sure which weight in these have come out in terms of the video releases is that each of them has a concept built into it that is very different than other things that I've tried so it's maybe that's a new marketed story I do not know but it's nice to see a concept like I said that so far as bore out in terms of performance as well the interesting bit for me in the Zexio 12 irons is that it's a titanium face which suggests that's going to be super hot off it. It's also a strongly lofted set of irons the seven iron as the barometer as ever is 28 degrees so yes super strong titanium face perhaps super fast this is all about performance a set of irons that is intended to assist a certain type of golfer and that also lends itself to the profile of these irons. Right the shot you're about to see me hit is with a 9 iron and what you'll see is that the kind of launch again defies that strength of loft this thing has gone super high very much as it's intended and I say intended because this is without doubt for me a game improvement I will put it into that category and that's based on the sort of looks visually we've got that thick top line we've got a fairly super wide sole and a very deep cavity with that titanium face that I've already mentioned I would suggest that it's very fast off the face couple of shots you'll see me hit here are going a fair old way the question is can we sort of can a sort of middle of the road player in terms of handicapped let's say get the benefit out of this cat type of iron or is just specifically aimed at that player that really does need some help and the level of assistance that this type of club is intended to give. Today's video comes to you in association with long-term channel travel partner Glencore Golf holidays and we're at Kinterdam arena in Kashkai Portugal. The hotel and golf course have been a superb place to play and stay in the Portuguese sunshine and the proximity to Lisbon airport and nearby Kashkai make it the perfect European golf destination so if you like what you see in today's video then make sure you click on the link in the video description below or head on over to GlencoreGolf.com for more booking information that's not going to be far off you know could even go in if it rolls out the thing i wanted to try and i'll play a few different shots in and around the greens from sort of short to distance is just how much so the control can we get over the shorter irons and that short round unfortunately is only a nine iron that i've got in terms of the test but that for me is an indicator again of sort of playability and are we really giving up a lot of that in terms of this kind of size and profile again. Yeah so on that sort of field element with the shorter iron and the bulkier shorter iron you'll see three shots played from exactly the same position at the front of the green and you could argue poor execution but what i would normally hope i could do is learn by what happened with the first shot and make an adjustment but even by shot three i was still struggling so there's a little bit of finesse that you would obviously forfeit in my opinion with this type of club or like i said you can just blame the user i'll leave you to make your own mind up we've got a similar situation now nine iron three quarter swing sort of downhill can i control this one in that's what i would really like to see well first of all really like the the pickup sit down ball that's actually a little bit short but again that was judgment and execution by me rather than the performance of the club the interesting bit for me so far which i've not even spoke about yet is the way these clubs feel it is like i said a fairly large cavity back but still got some nice feel out of it as well which probably came as a bit of a surprise now this stage of the video i'd like some feedback from you and that's about zexio as a brand i've had to practice saying that and even had to look up how you pronounce it and what i want to know is this first time i've tried these this product line full stop and what i want to know is have you tried it how accessible is this line up because as good as these reviews are and as impressed as i might be and i've got to say the other two products we've looked at so far i would say super impressed the problem is how accessible is it so let me know in your region in your country where you come from how accessible is zexio and if you've tried it let me know what you think of it now we can't go any further in this review without talking about the shaft because the whole principle of what zexio do in my opinion is not about just what the head does in terms of performance but very much what the shaft does everything i've seen in the main has come with a light weight graphite shaft and this is no different it is in fact 47 gram it's reg flex and again it's got this counterbalance weighting system very briefly what that is is a weight placed in the butt end of the club what it's supposed to do is aid in the transition from the top of the backswing into the impact position and help us square that club face up at a dress now i say it in the first video with a fair deal of skepticism i'm now three videos in in other words third product i've reviewed from the range and i've got to say that i am buying into it i don't know whether i'm buying into it from a concept that has tricked my mind into slowing down easing my tempo and using that counterbalance idea but i've certainly found there's almost a pause at the top of the swing or that's what it feels like i've swung a lot slower i've found the shafts to be incredibly stable even though very light in their weight and either way it's a concept that you've got to try and give a go because ultimately it is very very different and the whole point in paying the premium that you're going to do if you go for these irons is all about that shaft head combination just carry a little bit more ball i think we've got it just left of the flag but just about the right distance maybe got that a little bit heavy but then again maybe that wide sole helped me out a bit so this counterbalance shaft idea is it purely just something in the head or has it improved my tempo and i think maybe a mix of the two but either way every shot that i've played so far in the three videos that i've filmed i watch back and sort of suggest that it helps with tempo so does it matter whether the actual butt weight works or is it more of a case of if it works in the head it doesn't really matter how is it interesting really i mean well i want to talk about the ball speed i suppose and how hot this face is that titanium face is without doubt firing the ball out there with not a great deal of effort and i think that's exactly what these irons are supposed to be doing that lightweight shaft strong lofted faces titanium face is all about helping the golfer get his ball around the golf course that with the assistance of that wide sole which means cg can go back and we can start getting the ball airborne as well means that it's a very very playable iron for the masses who are looking for that kind of help there's no doubt about that i'm not sure whether that will hold on well it's not appear oh there it is hold these greens are so quick today at kinder the marina and we'll finish it there with a thank you to them first of all for hosting us along with glencore golf it's been a great few days so far and plenty more to come from this resort in the next few days showing around the place what do i think of these xio 12 irons well they're for me very much aimed at a certain type of golfer that golfer isn't me and um i don't want that extra bulk and mass i'm not sure i really want the titanium face and but overall it's that profile thing that is just too big for me but i don't do these reviews based on my opinion in terms of what i like i look at it in terms of the masses and do i think they will help a certain type of golfer and they're absolutely yes they're they're super quick off the face they're going to help you in terms of ball speed if you're losing a little bit of ball speed and club head speed then this could be the exact thing that you are after and i certainly wouldn't dismiss that idea about this counterbalance shaft either and that lightweight shaft again so it all gears itself towards a certain type of golfer who's maybe wanting a little bit of help and that help is in abundance in these irons so if that's the kind of thing you're after it that if that's where you're at with your game then without doubt you need to give these xio irons a try right that's me done a uh another video filmed here kint of the marina which is absolutely stunning the weather is lovely over in portul thank you to glancourt golf for getting us this little trip organized and out here and i will be sharing a lot more from here in the coming days right for now thanks for watching i'll see you tomorrow night