rity as well so I'm hoping that initiative will take place the third thing is we've set up now an all-party non-partisan parliamentary group to advocate for the release of the hostages and we're internationalizing that effort to cut across parliament in the community of democracies and we seek to sanction those like Iran who are training, arming, funding supporting, celebrating Hamas Qatar and Turkey who themselves have become enablers and have provided base in sanctuary in a word we have a ten-point action plan I've shared it with the Prime Minister and political leaders in Canada last week with American congressmen and senators and people in the administration and with civil society in Canada and elsewhere so what we hope to have is number one a whole of government in regard to the release of the hostages number two a whole of parliament commitment and a civil society involvement this has to be as I said a standalone priority of the first order hopefully that will be the case hopefully and that will lead to that kind of international pressure and if it doesn't we'll call them out if they don't act hopefully it won't be necessary I am fearful that it might well be necessary but I'm sure you will be among the loudest calling them out Erwin Cutler thank you for joining us on I-2040s Good speaking with you I want to move now back to the Middle East the following Egypt's lead early this week in agreeing to allow entry through the Rafah crossing for a number of wounded Palestinians from Gaza in order to receive medical treatment United Arab Emirates announced today that it planned to treat some 1,000 Palestinians from children from Gaza but without specifying how they would actually exit the Gaza Strip and perhaps make it to the Gulf or more let's go to the Gulf and speak to Dubai correspondent Bashir Burry and Bashir let's talk about that what exactly the UAE means or intends to do by this announcement I agree with you Khaled tonight and then certainties regarding what was announced today by the Emirate authorities the official communique states that Sheikh Mohammed bin Zayed president of the UAE has directed the provision of all kinds of medical and healthcare for as you said 1,000 injured Palestinian children from the Gaza Strip at the countries hospitals until they recover and return fine but we don't know how they would leave the enclave for the Gulf state as we all know Israel has tightened its blockade over Gaza the only exit point apart from the closed border crossings with Israel, namely Egypt has largely been shut since October 7 although as you said several hundred foreign nationals and a very small number of injured Palestinians have crossed into Egypt since yesterday to be treated in Egyptian hospitals we know that Qatar brokered that deal to allow some people to leave Gaza with more than 6 or 7,000 foreign passport holders being allowed to get out over the course of about two weeks but it's not clear whether those children and their families let's not forget about them would be able to leave Gaza under the specific deal which by the way involved Israel and the United States as well no one from the Emirate to authorities and from the Israeli diplomatic mission here answered requests for clarification Alright, Bastion Bury there hopefully we will get some clarification Bastion Bury there in Dubai thank you for that and Danny I have to give you some credit because quite early on you were saying that inevitably some Palestinians will likely civilians will have to start coming through that Rafah crossing that at the beginning Egypt was adamant saying it's going to stay closed no Palestinians coming through they then started to allow the foreign nationals to come out then the treatment the taking of Palestinians and now we hear the gulf and I suspect whether the mechanics of it we're going to be seeing more of this thing more of the using coming through that crossing at least temporarily perhaps in Saudi Arabia especially in the wake of Secretary Blinken's visit here absolutely and when we think about the day after I mean there is no question that Gaza is co-owned by Egypt and also the Arab world it's not just Israel's problem even though Egypt Adam and Lee denies it publicly yeah but you know actually Gaza was under Egyptian rule for more than 20 years until 1967 where nobody was thinking about creating a Palestinian state in Gaza right the PLO you know Palestinian Liberation Organization was created in 1964 what was there to liberate us here in Israel proper so there's no doubt that some kind of a new regime will have to be established in Gaza and you cannot do it effectively without the Arab League the money should come from the Gulf countries Saudi Arabia and administration and security or at least some kind of cooperation between Israel and Egypt and security would have also to be established in Gaza at least as an interim before we bring a Palestinian authority or anything else that would be able or would have the world to govern Gaza in a peaceful way right and we are hearing that Blinken is discussing that issue of who would govern Gaza together with some of his counterparts in the region speaking of some sort of multinational force and just going back to the idea of treating Palestinian patients well one of the ideas that was floated today was the idea that some European nations would bring floating hospitals to the coasts of Gaza Germany was one of those names mentioned and perhaps France as well bringing some of their boats to the coasts of Gaza and treating patients Gaza and patients wounded from that war on their ships it could be an interesting creative solution for patients that do need immediate help and when these hospitals like Shifa are being used by Hamas the biggest is if Hamas would allow those patients to leave instead of using them as we know as basically human cannon fodder human shields, Guy Azriel Ambassador Daniele, thank you for joining us on this broadcast now all kinds of assistance is being used to treat the wounded both the physical and the emotionally wounded from the October 7th terror massacre that also includes some welcome assistance from man's and woman's best friend of course the canine species in the form of therapy dogs that story is reported adapted from channel 12 news this time they decided to enter to the sounds of classical music every day for two weeks they've been coming to their therapy dogs that have undergone long training and have come especially to help the wounded in the war music hi Dennis hello hello Dennis hello Simba up as we work on rehabilitation try as much as you can to work on stretching the hand and caressing let's try to expand the motor ability try to work with both hands and improve your reach come sit down sit down and now give it to him Dennis was wounded while trying to neutralize the terrorists with his personal weapon you didn't feel the pain when he puts his hand on you yes despite its size he is very very careful because you know stepped on feet basically to put them here but you don't feel the pain at all no not feeling that's the uniqueness when you have a dog next to you yes simply amazing days and nights in the hospital are very difficult and such an atmosphere of hugs and that it does something good yes and connects hey how are you I think it allowed us to do a process of processing trauma with patients who had a very very hard time talking we had a patient very seriously injured who was in the middle of an anxiety attack and the introduction of the therapy dog allowed him for a moment for a moment to open up to the world and talk about the pain talk about his pain and through the treatment of the dog through his ability to regain control even for a moment in his life I'm going to talk about the injury as well to tell about the painful places as well I heard an alarm in Bershiba I got dressed put on a uniform went to Steyrot a couple of 24 terrorists were inside the Steyrot police station I got shot in the chest and leg they managed to pull me back to one of the shelters Mati Tsarfati fought for long hours against terrorists at the Steyrot station he was seriously injured was sedated and ventilated now he's in the middle of a particularly long rehabilitation process with a hand up over her nose then she sits she will reach out beautiful all of a sudden the dog moves his hand knows the movement there are certain movements that I'm allowed to perform with my hands it's even desirable that I perform them with my hand and with the dog this is very helpful come on Alpha let's go to Daniel hey Daniel what's going on? we came to work together Alpha this is Daniel Daniel let's try to work with the hand with the injured hand we'll try to slowly increase the range I divided the force into two some fought inside some fought outside Bill Dimari was wounded by a gunshot while fighting terrorists at Nativo Junction from there he continued with his team where he got shot again almost everywhere on his body in this hand I received the bullet that entered my bone and it came out a little above the elbow and caused the fracture come Alpha nice Daniel excellent excellent come on Alpha nice excellent Daniel not everyone is suited to dog therapy and you know what sometimes the dog therapy is not necessarily with the patient but with his family members and we will gain something else along the way sometimes the dog therapy will be with the department staff exhausted from long days of caring for the wounded and the dogs will be a respite for the staff and through this we will get help for the patients what fun you are having an experience nice how are you how are you getting on yes they came in the morning we're in the room with me and that's it yeah it calms you down when it directs your inner forces come on to rehabilitation yes to reach the abilities you had and maybe even beyond that the connection between humans and dogs has proven itself since the dawn of humanity and perhaps the great success here has led to other hospitals as well and make it even a little easier for those who are at one of the most complex and difficult points in their lives there is a feeling a good feeling like really because a dog is the most simple creature it loves the deepest it is reliable and the most genuine it's a little different in real life fortunately I think a lot of those therapy dogs are needed in the months ahead now we mentioned early this memorial or I should say this exhibition relating to the hostages that was the Habima square this evening another one 3000 red balloons and pictures of the hostages kidnapped by Hamas on October 7th were placed on the seats of the auditorium at the Jerusalem Convention Center today Rabbi Leo D whose wife and two daughters were killed by Palestinian terrorists in the West Bank this year participated in this initiative and had this to say I'm Rabbi Leo D I lost my wife and two daughters in terror attack to Hamas terrorists in April 2023 and I'm here in the international conference center in Jerusalem where we host presidents and we host pop concerts and happy events and launches of new Israeli technology and we are demanding that we bring the hostages home we have 1400 murdered on October 7th 250 hostages still in Gaza and we are demanding that the world march through the streets of New York and Paris and London say no to terror say bring our people home bring them home now I don't think much more needs to be said than those four words thank you for joining us on this special broadcast on I-24 news but stay with us for our continuing coverage of Israel's war against Hamas as day 27 moves to a close thank you Israel is officially in a state of war this is a very active scene and we need to get in the car as we're talking within a hundred soldiers and civilians have been kidnapped help us we don't know what to do we just don't know anything entire families including babies and children and elderly were butchered in their beds the giant and we are ready and we are strong everyone is showing up this is the unity this week on I-24 Israel under attack I-24 in Spanish brings the analysis and information of the events of the war Iron swords exclusive interviews reports from the war zone the reaction of the Spanish-speaking countries I-24 the only comedy in Spanish that keeps you informed with the Latin community in Israel News 24 only on I-24 news Israeli soldiers have been killed in recent days as the IDF works to eliminate Hamas the terror group behind the killing rampage in southern Israel on the 7th of October in which more than 1400 people were shot tortured and butchered now there are currently 242 known hostages being held by Hamas in Gaza and the military is still investigating that number could be far higher more than 32 hostages are children so far 4 hostages have been released mother and daughter Judith and Natalie Rannan and 2 elderly women Jochebed Lifschitz and Nourit Cooper and one hostage has been rescued Private Ory Magidish was reunited with her family at the start of this week joyous scenes on that day now rocket siren sounding just a short while ago in Ashdod and other parts of the south also earlier rocket siren sounding in northern Israel including in Roshah Ayin and Sfat close to the border with Lebanon sirens earlier in the day in parts of central Israel including communities close to Ben-Gurion airport tomorrow US Secretary of State Anthony Blinken arrives in Tel Aviv and later on Friday Chief Hassan Nasrallah is expected to make a public address out of Lebanon amidst much speculation around his next moves the IDF saying a short while ago Hamas Lida Ismail Khania who lives in Qatar is due to visit Iran in his private jet Israel's defence force also saying the term ceasefire is not at all on the table at the moment and so we now speak to our studio panel for more we welcome Major General in the reserves Eitan Dungart former military secretary to three ministers of defence and former coordinator of government activities in the Palestinian territories in the IDF political commentator Daniel Shek former Israeli ambassador to France and our senior editor Guy Israel gentlemen thank you all so much for being here we start with you Guy the developments on the ground Gaza city is surrounded right now yes first start with rocket fire the last barrage of rockets fired with the city of Ashdod just an hour ago no casualties in that strike we saw a barrage of rockets both in the north and in the south this evening at least 12 rockets fired towards the northern communities in Israel hits recorded in Kiryat with several Israelis wounded there and another barrage of rockets from Gaza at the same time the IDF continues its ground operation in the Gaza Strip operating from several fronts surrounding Gaza city as was confirmed by the IDF this evening both from the north in the areas of Bet Lahia and Bet Hanun but also from the central area of the Gaza Strip closing in on a Gaza city and we are seeing live images out of Gaza right now some flares up in the air well obviously some part of the ongoing ground operation there the troops are on the ground obviously very intense fighting going on and we're getting more reports on these right now obviously IDF forces are facing very fierce battles in very tight areas where Hamas operatives are stationed in very narrow streets sometimes very densely populated areas and that is what is going on right now in Gaza as you can see in the screens those were live images on our screens right now out of Gaza more updates to come but first let's find out what's been happening up north our correspondent Pierre Stekelbach is in northern Israel close to the border with Lebanon and filed this report the northern front continues to heat up this evening red alerts were triggered three times in different areas here in northern Israel starting with three locations right behind the border in the west middle and east of the border communities there were targeted with anti-tank missiles and mortar shells Hezbollah taking responsibility for firing towards the eastern and disputed region of Hardov a little later siren sounded in the area of Safed and 10 more communities in that area about 20 kilometers away from the border and then the city of Kiryat Shmone has been evacuated Hamas in 7-11 on claiming responsibility for launching 12 rockets as they said as quote a response to the massacres in Gaza four of those rockets fell in open area one came down in the city and caused a huge fire injuring to a 24 year old man suffering from shrapnel injuries he was admitted to the operation room in the hospital in Safed and another 41 year old man suffering from burns and he is in serious condition now last week a house was set on fire earlier this week but also another direct rocket impact today again shows how the Israeli measures to evacuate these border communities proved to be effective the situation in the north is very volatile and the Israeli military has been striking back towards the origin of those launches in southern Lebanon but these new provocations come ahead of the speech of Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah that is scheduled for tomorrow at 3pm and it will be the first time that Hezbollah speaks since the beginning of the war but whether he is going to escalate the situation further or if these relatively contained skirmishes continue remains to be seen but tonight Hezbollah and Hamas in southern Lebanon have again showcased their presence and some of their potential this is Piaz Tekelbach from the north of Israel for I-24 News meanwhile Lebanese media is reporting that the commander of Iran's Revolutionary Guards Quds Force Ismail Khani is visiting Beirut to coordinate with Hezbollah it comes amidst those continued border clashes between IDF and Hezbollah forces and the question remains will the Iranian-backed terror group escalate its conflict with Israel Middle East correspondent Aril Osiran has more in this report for 27 days now the main focus of the IDF has been the threat from Gaza but Israel's northern frontier against Hezbollah is to occupy IDF forces with daily exchanges of fire and the attempt to downing of an IDF drone early Thursday morning in the north we continue to attack Hezbollah targets along the border and eliminate enemy squads that try launch anti-tank missiles rockets and water bombs toward Israeli territory IDF forces also in the last hour attack positions from which rocket launchers were fired in the direction of Mount Dorf and other directions following the IDF strike Hezbollah announced the death of another fighter among its ranks the 50th since the beginning of the war the real number is likely higher most of Hezbollah's casualties are the result of air strikes on its anti-tank units which have been attacking IDF outposts along the Israel Lebanon border some of them eliminated before they could fire their missiles although that's not how Hezbollah sees it we have seen over three weeks of Israeli attacks and strikes carried out by the resistance against Israeli military outposts the Israeli enemy hasn't managed to mark a single achievement despite all of its advanced technology attack drones, artillery and daily air strikes on our hills and villages none of this has brought a single achievement ahead of a much anticipated speech on Friday by Hezbollah leader Hassan Asrallah his first since the start of the war Iran's IRGC Kuds Force commander Ismail Kani is visiting Lebanon this is Kani's second visit to Lebanon since October 7 to coordinate with Hezbollah concerning the conflict with Israel Asrallah's speech should also shed light whether Hezbollah will raise the threshold of the border clashes to a full-scale war or not as we take a deeper look at security developments on all fronts Major General in the reserves Etan Dungart, your take Etan on what is happening right now we saw live images moments ago inside the Gaza Strip we know it's coming at a cost already 19 Israeli soldiers have been killed in recent days these are live images on our screen your take on what is happening right now first of all the achievement of the Israeli Defense Forces is the fact that we made it very fast averagely in surrounding the Gaza city and as you are surrounding it and moving inside it means that the clashes inside are much more complicated we are much more inside an urban area while it gives the Hamas people opportunities coming from the underground tunnels or making kind of an ambushes another kind of thing we saw the beginning of it from 24 hours ago and it's increasing the opportunities to be attacked so what we see now it will be a picture that we will see I estimate in the coming night as well because this shows you how it's very close they are sending thousands of terrorists in one attack from vehicles or infantry people coming from directions that are coming from the underground tunnels that are not seen by the forces and trying to go inside to the vehicles or the armors or the tents and put charges on them and it brings face to face fighting and you hear about brave stories about the IDF soldiers which succeed in seconds to stop it or to be in the few cases unfortunately injured or were from it so that shows you how we are coming more and more deep close and continue with this kind of operation. Daniel I want to bring you in these live images and they are very dramatic images on our screens right now across in Gaza the IDF saying earlier it has an obligation to return home all the hostages so inside Gaza as you well know because you are intricately involved with the families who are waiting for news not only more than 240 known hostages but more than 30 of them are children right and I think the Israeli public feels that way there have been polls showing a shift from a few weeks ago when the polls showed that the first priority was eliminating Hamas a week ago it was returning the safe return of the hostages the forum of the families that I am involved in obviously has only this on it's agenda it's a single issue organization clearly the government has other things on their plate there's a war to fight there's an economy to run there are many considerations but the families do expect that the safe return of their loved ones is top of the agenda of everyone of the politicians of the army leadership etc certainly the whole heart of the nation focused on those hostages and waiting for some kind of good news of course because you know the term hostages is a little bit cool cold you must imagine 242 human beings from the age of 9 months to the age of 87 these are terrible demographics to describe this term of hostages with medical problems mental health problems family problems, terrible distress and we don't even know how many of them have been injured during the capture how many are alive there is nothing, there is information only about the 5 people who are freed plus a couple more whose videos were released by Hamas that is all the rest is speculation certainly something we will be following up on but I want to bring in to the conversation Lieutenant Colonel in the reserve President of the Elmer Research and Education Centre joining us from the western Galilee thank you so much for joining us we are talking about security concerns on all fronts at the same time and of course as you well know rocket sirens sounding in parts of the Galilee earlier close to the border between Israel and Lebanon in Kiryat Shmoner, in Sfat, Manara as well these alerts coming as the IDF were saying it was striking Hezbollah sites in southern Lebanon to earlier rocket attacks so what update can you tell us what are you seeing and hearing from where you are right now right now it's quiet though we do hear more retaliations of the IDF here I want to emphasize this is not exchange of fire what is actually happening is that Hezbollah carried out a strike of small drones against IDF positions and mortars and missiles that were launched as you saw there was one hit in Kiryat Shmoner the feeling is that it was a busy day an intense day even comparing to the previous days that we had maybe kind of a build up before Nasrallah speech tomorrow part of by the way a whole campaign that we've seen in Lebanon as well to build up for this speech tomorrow I must say that it will be difficult for Nasrallah to back to back from the build up that it is being made for this speech and all these threats and intimidations and videos and propaganda and everything that is kind of building the image that Hezbollah is going to get in and yet there are so many so many contacts and questions around this speech tomorrow Talk to us about the risks involved as you say it seems to be for him some kind of pressure whether he does or doesn't get fully involved but clearly huge risks for Hezbollah and also obviously for the people of Lebanon if this does escalate into something major Look I've been saying this from day one whatever we've seen with Hamas it's the same with Hezbollah except Hezbollah is the big brother it's the same with the deployment in Lebanon itself meaning that hezbollah is inside the towns and headquarters and Hezbollah the infrastructure is inside the towns inside the villages inside the homes and the civilian infrastructures and that's why Nasrallah knows, Lebanese knows that the damage on both sides will be a huge damage it's not only Hezbollah that is going to suffer from Hezbollah getting full scale into war it's also going to be a lot of suffering from the Lebanese side and that's why we see some kind of evacuation and living of Lebanese in south Lebanon to other places or at least trying to get to the bigger towns like Tyre over there and look as the resident of the galley I'm worried, kind of worried of both options I'm worried of the option that it will deteriorate into war because we all understand the cost of that and I'm worried of the options that it will not deteriorate into war and there will be a ceasefire and I will have to continue to sleep with the monster so it's kind of, we don't know what to wish for over here in the north the IDF saying a short while ago a ceasefire is not on the table at the moment how viable is it anyway realistically who is going to properly agree to any ceasefire terms at this juncture, your thoughts there is no place for a ceasefire with the Nazi monster, nobody thought that in World War II there will be a ceasefire with Hitler we should eliminate the capabilities that took the lives of 1400 Israelis and it takes what it takes, this is what I feel about it and I believe that many Israelis feel the same Lieutenant Colonel on the reserve, Saritsa Havi, thank you as always speaking to us live from the western galley thank you very much Etan, your thoughts on exactly that I think that in the north till now, one day before Nassala speech and I will say some words about it as well, I think the both sides are still keeping the area from the both sides of the fence as the area of the clashes of the escalation that is running but today we have some signs that Hizballah is expanding the area of luncheon but not changing the system till now but it's not moving the fact that Hizballah is deployed completely and it's a lot less ready for using both ground forces and also the rocket system and using a small amount of people for itself and also some Palestinian organization I think that we are making mistake all of us are talking about the fact that we are waiting for Nassala Nassala will bring his words but we have to be on readiness to react immediately as a defensive by major fire capabilities of IDF major by the air force in order to react heavily in the moment that Hizballah is expanding its activity in my opinion the decision has been fallen already few days ago by the premitting in Beirut by the Foreign Minister of Iran that visit already Turkey and I guess the infonder and the arrival of Qa'ani now to Beirut show these both people are the advocates of this kind of war the Iranian Foreign Minister and Qa'ani they are using another four proxies the Houthis, the Shiz militias in Syria in Iraq and also of course are encouraging the US Bank to continue and I believe that this decision is escalating not immediately to the most amount of opportunities I think and I hope I will be mistaken but we have to be readiness for a great escalation in the north just to that point you have spokesman Daniel Agari exposing that Hania is on his way to Iran in a private jet plane maybe it's a call to Hania when it's flying something we're going to talk about as well a little bit later gentlemen stay with us right now I'd like to welcome Eli Beir president and founder of the United Hatsala organization a volunteer based emergency medical services organization in Israel, Eli thank you so much for joining us you have been at the scene of many terror attacks over the years here at the channel we've spoken to some of your stories that they saw on the 7th of October talk to us about your account the number of calls you must have received in the early morning on that day and the scale of what you saw well on the 7th of October I was woken up at 6.40 in the morning and I found myself within 20 minutes at the United Hatsala center in Jerusalem the one to two center that we have to one to two one center that we have where we get all the phone calls we were receiving phone calls from parents who were frantic about saving their children that's all we're talking about, save our children and I realize we don't have enough dispatch answering the phone calls because this was a Saturday morning so we called out for more and more people to pick up the phones we had over 60 volunteers arrive immediately from the synagogues near us wearing the talitok wearing the talises on them to the dispatch I was thinking about the pictures that I had as a young kid watching the Yom Kippel war and this is how it started my day we had thousands of people calling for help people were screaming that they're killing us we had children we had adults our volunteers were deployed from everywhere we had volunteers who were living there 900 volunteers who lived in the south of Israel but we also send hundreds of more with ambulances and vehicles just to get people out the victims that were out we had so many people injured we couldn't say no to anyone we were just sending people under fire and then we heard about our first volunteers who were murdered an Arab volunteer of the United Hatsala volunteer by the name of Awad a young man who was in the party there he was a paramedic overseeing the event he was there he was there watching over and he was the first volunteer who was murdered and the second one was a volunteer from Kreat Malachi a young volunteer who also ran to help save lives and when he got there he found himself in front of terrorists and he was shooting back and forth and unfortunately he was murdered after he was able to eliminate a few of the terrorists absolutely tragic to think that people who are risking their lives in an active way or rampage have to take that risk like that and such an outcome that is absolutely devastating talk to us about how responders are able to try and stay safe their own personal safety is obviously at risk while they're trying to save other people's lives you're talking about hours long this massacre unfolded and your teams were on the ground you and your wife there as well what did you see and what did you do to stay safe at the same time so the first thing we did is send trucks loaded with bulletproof vests and helmets so the volunteers going into the war zone should actually have some kind of protection it's not 100% protection but it has some kind of I would say like a 60 or 65% protection of the body and of the skull we actually had volunteers injured and they were saved with the bulletproof vests and helmets so that was the number one thing we did second of all we told volunteers who have arms to load unfortunately this is crazy paramedics had to hold their hands on the arm on their arms to protect themselves and protect the people surrounding them unbelievable we have very brave volunteers very very brave volunteers many of them are injured we had two volunteers who were kidnapped we still don't know what happened to them this is a tragedy for the whole country and of course for united itself as well absolute tragedy and certainly the unsung heroes always the paramedics the medics the responders who are going to try and do their best to save lives phenomenal work by your teams I understand I want to take a look at a response further afield I understand that you have met recently with president Joe Biden here in Israel and you also met with Donald Trump during a republican summit in Las Vegas talk us through the responses from the current and former presidents of the united states to what is unfolding on the ground right now this war underway day 27 well when I met president Biden he was broken his heart was broken I saw him crying in front of my eyes and then when he gave me a hug he had literally tears dropping on my on my shoulders he took it very hard to his heart he said that the pain he felt when he lost his kids his children he lost one kid in Iraq one kid in an accident together with his wife he felt the same pain pain now than he felt when he lost his own children right and and and it was really genuine the the feeling that I had he was he kept saying that you don't need to be a Jew to be a Zionist which I thought it was outstanding something he said repeatedly absolutely and tell us briefly we don't have much time left if you don't mind the response out of Donald Trump briefly please Donald shop was very angry and he said if he wins the presidency he will make sure that Israel will never face a thing like this he said the head of the snake has to be chopped and it's no doubt that it's Iran Iran are behind this whole massacre and the war against Israel and he said when he becomes president he will deal with the head of the snake I heard him say that and I don't take sides I think it's incredible to see the two presidents and I met and I spoke to them and I had the honor to show him to show both of them what Israel is facing who's our who is our enemies these are not regular enemies these are the low lights so the low lights of human and has to be dealt and we can't stop we need to fight them and they both agreed on this and Ellie as you have already alluded to the nation is in a state of trauma right now trauma for your team at united had salary as well but at the same time and resilience in the country you've seen the horrors what message do you have for the country right now a country in trauma well I really think we need to win together we need to all be together we can't criticize right now the army we can't criticize the leadership of the government we have to go together hand in hand we could afterwards decide to make any investigation of what happened but right now we're all together we need to save our children or the army my own son is in the army now we want to make sure all of them come back safe unfortunately this is the most brutal war we ever stand in front we this was a war that was forced on us we need to win and the only way to win is where we all together we love each other and we do kindness this is the only way to support each other hold hands and fight and we will win there is no doubt about it thank you so much appreciate you speaking to us elie bear president and founder of united had salad the unsung heroes risking their lives every day to save others thank you very much for being with us and now we continue with our coverage with the latest updates on the ground senior defense correspondent Jonathan reggae joins us from southern Israel we know sirens were sounding earlier on her see how levy Jonathan the idea of chief saying troops are fighting against absolute evil what is the latest in the south what update can you share right now so for about an hour benita where we are we're hearing a very strong artillery pounding at the Gaza Strip I don't know if you can hear it but there's a lot of artillery for the past hour hour and a half or so quite a lot of artillery we're hearing it around the area where the incursion began the aim of the Israeli forces now and aim which they're about to complete is basically to cut the Gaza Strip into two parts Israeli forces have entered the Gaza Strip right behind us just to the south of the Gaza city itself and we have to understand the Gaza Strip is a rather narrow place meaning that the distance from where we are to the Mediterranean coast meaning cutting the Gaza Strip into two is not a very long distance five six miles something like that but along those five or six miles there's quite a lot of challenges to the forces going in forces Hamas terrorists waiting in tunnels rising up from the tunnels confronting the forces and going back down this is what they're dealing with and as I mentioned for about an hour and a half a lot of artillery firing from this location where we are towards the Gaza Strip and Jonathan the issue of fuel being provided to the Gaza Strip is a heated one the IDF chief of staff saying fuel will be provided to Gaza hospitals under supervision once they run out but the prime minister's office releasing a statement earlier saying that Benjamin Netanyahu has not approved any such transfer any update on that front not so much I mean it's a debate we have to say that's above the military level allowing fuel or not that's up for the the diplomatic level let's say call it this way of course fuel which is provided in purposes will eventually be taken by Hamas for the use of their war machine that they're running this is something that has to be debated way above the military level thank you so much our senior defense correspondent Jonathan Regev live from southern Israel appreciate the update and now for more we welcome to our panel Danny Denon former Israeli ambassador to the UN and member of parliament in the liquid party thank you very much at such a difficult time since we've just started this broadcast we've been talking about sirens in the north and in the south we've been talking about live images out of Gaza we can see the strikes that are happening as we speak inside Gaza right now we're talking about the concerns up north and what Hassan Nasrallah may decide to do tomorrow and this is a nation in trauma still trying to process the gravity and the scale of what happened on the 7th of October your assessment of where things stand right now in this country we're in a war it's not easy for the population in Israel more than 200,000 people had to move from their homes go to other places to hotels to relatives we see the casualties for our forces but I have to beg about your introduction we are strong we have the strength to stand up and to defeat our enemy and I would advise our northern neighbors to pay attention to our capabilities if Nasrallah will decide to fight with us as well we will bury Hezbollah under the rebel of Lebanon we are not joking we have no interest to start a cycle with Hezbollah but if they will decide to continue and attack us and expand the range of the attacks we will fight back and our air force today are very interesting meetings with our air force mainly finished the job in Gaza so now it's more of the infantry that is doing the work we have the capabilities to strike Hezbollah in Lebanon and they should be aware of it just to be clear talking about the trauma we're talking about the psyche of the nation the civilians and the citizens no disputing that the IDF is strong the rhetoric out of leaders and the idea of saying they are ready for any eventuality that said over and above what Hezbollah's Hassan-Israeli may announce tomorrow there have been moves out of Yemen out of Iranian proxies concerns around even Iraq and what might be happening at the same time your confidence in terms of your understanding of Israel's ability right now to handle several threats at the same time day 27 in a war when people are grieving so the Iranian they are playing a chess game and they decide how to maneuver with the Houthis, with Hezbollah with Hamas we will make sure that those who attack us will pay but we have to decide where we can decide to attack in Yemen in Iran in Lebanon it's up to us to decide and we will retaliate for those attacks we have the capability of winning a multi-front war it's not easy we are challenging we are a small nation but we knew that it can happen so the military plan for it we will stretch our muscles but we are capable of defending the population in Israel and at the same time to strike our enemies and I would advise them if they would do that we will use all the power we have against them another threat so to speak and it's not a physical one in terms of missiles and rockets it's quite painful for many is hearing the rhetoric that you will know well out of the United Nations Antonio Guterres comments early on in the early days of the war upsetting so many people and we also know that the sentiment is largely out of the UN against what Israel is doing something that won't surprise you that said there are complicated moves that have to come out of Israel when targeting terror infrastructure that is underneath a hospital knowing that the world is watching and that the number of civilians who might be hurt in the process is something that is going to concern a lot of people including in the country and of course out of the UN as well how does the international criticism impact the way Israel is going to conduct its war first of all we can all agree it's shameful we haven't forgotten what happened on October 7th we had a ceasefire they attacked our communities they committed atrocities that we haven't seen since the days of the Holocaust so we are fighting back to defend ourselves so they tend to forget it I think we should not expect much from the UN I wrote to Secretary Guterres because I know him personally I told him how dare you how dare you justify those acts and he tried to retract his words but he didn't do it properly because basically he said I'm not justifying what happened but then he said occupation the situation in Gaza basically he justified those horrible attacks against us and that's unacceptable when I was at the UN I told my colleagues in the military do whatever you have to do we're going to deal with the Security Council with the General Assembly and that's what I'm telling my colleagues today in the military you do what you have to do defend Israel we fight according to international law and by the way according to international law we attack even a hospital if you have terrorists inside the hospital we don't do it and basically I think we should open that discussion because according to the Geneva Convention Article 28 if I'm not mistaken you are allowed to attack a hospital if terrorists are hiding in the hospital and you give proper notice before you attack the hospital so we're fighting a very evil cynical enemy and I think we should use more force and not to put our forces in danger according to international law we give proper warning look what we did we basically encourage the population in northern Gaza to move out more than 80% moved to the south even now when we are fighting when we are maneuvering in northern Gaza we left an open corridor for the civilians who want still to go and move out so we're doing whatever we can to lower the casualties among civilians we want to see the horrible picture of the civilians being killed but that's the war we are fighting would you expect some kind of condemnation from the UN or any other global entity right now for the war crime one might expect taking as we were discussing 244 people across a border holding them hostage ranging in age from a baby to a man in his 80s surely the condemnation about laws around a war should be around that move you know you spoke about the mental situation and we all we cannot sleep at night when we know there are 30 babies today in the tunnel of Hamas babies that's unimaginable and those cynical diplomat at the UN they tend to ignore it when it comes to Jewish blood it's too cheap for them that's unacceptable we should do whatever we can to release those hostages those forces we have to win the war against Hamas and not to rely on the international community we saw where they stand when Canada tried to amend the resolution in the General Assembly and they only asked them to condemn Hamas they couldn't get the majority for that so we should have zero expectation from the UN and we should have 100% support for the IDF are you surprised that Jordan has recalled its ambassador over this war no you know I have seen in the past the situation when countries in the Arab League they have to play the game they have to condemn Israel but they know very well that the radical Muslims that attacked us they put a threat to the moderate Arab countries in the region so I think they will not say it out loud but they are worried about those radicals gaining more capabilities or winning a battle so they will not say that they support us but I think every normal human being in the Middle East in the Muslim Arab World wants Israel to defeat Hamas these are live images on our screen right now over Gaza as those strikes continue as you say efforts by the IDF to defeat Hamas ambassador final question and that is around the state of play which clearly is not top of mind as the war continues but it's something that will be discussed down the line and that is relations Saudi Arabia and Israel what is your take on the role Riad could be playing in any level right now the day after for Gaza potentially and what all the unfolding developments right now could mean for potential relations down the line so Benit I was here a few weeks ago and we discussed the potential agreements with the Saudis expending the Abraham Accords and I will not be surprised that one of the goals was to put all those negotiations on hold and they succeeded but I can tell you that in the future I'm optimistic I spoke with some of my colleagues in the Gulf and they believe in the Abraham Accords and I think in the future we will see more countries including Saudi Arabia will join the Abraham Accords now it looks not relevant because we're in the middle of a war they have to take sides but I think at the end of the day we are all fighting the same evil and I think we have a lot of place very briefly the country was very divided politically before this war started now we are seeing billboards across the country about victory about being together we're seeing volunteers all over the country trying to help your assessment of that resilience right now the state of play within the country it gives all of us a lot of encouragement to see that people are coming together standing together putting all the political difficulties and the argument aside fighting together today when you go and you visit the troops in the south you see Orthodox Jews, secular Israelis left, right people from the Kibbutz people from the Eshivot that's the beauty of Israel and that's why I know that we will win because we know how to come together and I hope that we will also learn the lesson for the future when we win the war we'll have to look deep side what happened and what we can learn for the future many questions will be asked many lessons learned Danny Denan former Israeli ambassador to the UN and member of parliament in the liquid party thank you very much for being here in studio and earlier on on this day IDF chief of staff Herzee Hallevi delivered this statement day 27 of the war reiterating quote this is our home we have no other country he says troops are operating inside Gaza city we saw those live images just a short while ago he also says the IDF has an obligation to return home all the hostages IDF spokesman Daniel Higari saying ground forces have completely surrounded Gaza city he also says the term ceasefire is not at all on the table at the moment let's take a listen IDF soldiers are surrounding Gaza city the center of the terrorist organization Hamas in the last hours armored corps and infantry with the assistance of the air force targeted Hamas post launch pads and other terror infrastructure used by Hamas and its terrorists engineering corps are locating ground threats explosives dismantling them and neutralizing them allowing our forces to move freely our combat forces are engaging in face-to-face battles in every battle the IDF comes out on top we are constantly operating from the air and the sea when we come across a battle if needed we go back attack from the air and the sea and then continue this is repeated again and again our officers are leading the fight with great bravery with the soldiers this is how the IDF operates the IDF is fighting with full force against Hamas in the Gaza strip but have no doubt if you want to know who is taking part in the war you can look at one of the leaders of the murderous Hamas terror group by a private jet the warm welcome he receives signals that Iran is pushing its proxies the Houthis, Hezbollah and others to try to divert our focus from Gaza we are focusing on Hamas on dismantling it and bringing the hostages home while Hania is flying on private planes the IDF is attacking Hezbollah targets in Lebanon military posts, terror infrastructure launch pads and weapons caches many targets were hit tonight the artillery fire earlier today from Lebanon into northern Israel in the West Bank the IDF along with the Shin Bet continue to battle Palestinian terror arresting dozens of terrorists every night foiling attacks at any time so far we have spoken to the families of 242 hostages and the families of 335 deceased our hearts are with the families and still with us in studio we have Aitan Dungart former military secretary to 3 ministers of defence and former co-ordinator of governments activities in the Palestinian territories in the IDF and political commentator Daniel Sheik former Israeli ambassador to France and Daniel I want to pick up with you on the issue of the hostages again it's something I know you're working on very intently and something that the nation is waiting to hear about the people who are being held hostage are from a range of countries more than 25 different countries so talk to us about the diplomatic efforts to try and secure the release of these hostages we know Qatar is supposed to be brokering something but realistically who else is involved behind the scenes listen Benita of course a country will pay special attention to its own citizens that's the citizen that is what you would expect from your government so hostages who have a foreign citizenship a foreign nationality can expect and should expect their governments to do an extra effort but I as not just as an Israeli as a human being would consider this phenomenon of taking over 240 people hostage and taking them into Gaza I would consider this as a concern for the entire international community regardless of if you have your own citizens held there or not so when we talk to ambassadors and other foreign representatives many of them have come to Israel to show their solidarity many of them come to the forum of the families to meet families and it's an important thing for both sides to sort of break up this big mosaic of human beings into a real face into a real pair of eyes into a real human story so what we tell them is very simple yes of course you will make an extra effort to free your citizens but once they are free we accept you to we expect you to continue the fight to fight for the others as if they were yours A-10 I think that putting the goal facing the hostages as one of the main two goals for the operation in Gaza it's not easy but it shows the direction of this country first of all is a duty to its civilians and secondly of course the second duty is to give mothers the opportunity to open a window very close next time to the border with Gaza without seeing the Hamas on the other side and secondly very open to say that sometimes both goals are not meeting and sometimes it's helping one to the other what does it mean it means I think that what we saw till now from the Qatarian step or the other shows and a seriously attitude by Hamas it using it as a tool in order to make the timetable of the attack as more comfortable for them to create situation that they will organize themselves under this kind of fire I think that the fact that Israel chose at the beginning to continue with its attack meanwhile there is a lot of intelligence effort to identify places to have some information from investigation and to create more and more picture that will maybe bring us to serve this kind of opportunity but in my opinion the fact that they are divided between few nations as a citizenship that some of them have it will be a mistake we have to make such agreement only by one condition one big package that everybody will be released unless the Hamas we know them and being they will try to make it for years or even to create differences that we will in some cases we will not see the people at all at the future so it's something that helping on one and the kind of involvement of the international community it's a duty but it is a duty to coordinate between all of them to make one demand release everybody together you have a business with such and such countries and with Israel as the responsibility for all of them and you have to make it immediately if not and I think that now unfortunately it's not we have to continue to make this kind of pressure because for Hamas it can be used as an exit point while the pressure on them will be very very close towards the end of the life of the leadership for example well I of course I agree with Eitan that the goal has to be everyone but realistically I'm not sure that that's going to happen because even if strategically as a plan this is true if there is an offer on the table for a partial agreement a partial exchange it will be very difficult to turn down very difficult including by the way because of international pressure now Israel is not obligated to accept every offer by the way there were a few offers already there were things floated and the fact is that it didn't happen but I think that not only because of that because I think Hamas has a real incentive to cut a deal on the hostages I don't think that they plan to have nearly 250 hostages with elderly people sick people babies 50 ties why would they kidnap Thai workers why don't they release them what did they expect to achieve to receive from the Thai government absolutely nothing logically they should just let them walk let them go well this doesn't seem to be the fact for the moment so I agree and by the way the families the family forum has this this slogan everyone for everyone all the hostages for all the prisoners Daniel what was the reaction one sentence to Danny is right when we are sitting and analyze it but we are dealing with murderers that are even more in a short time than the Nazis in some cases even I'm not comparing one to another and I think for the it's time that Israel will have much more achievement from the international community under the negotiations we are working with the west world it's time to make a block it's time to demand by Israel and to get some achievements from the international communities not just to visit you by the mainly high figures on the western world that came here they should go back being convinced on the needs to be released everybody together can I divide between a baby of nine years old with a lady of five with a tie with a German with a French people and with a female soldier no it's something that has been done together I'm not talking about the endgame I'm talking about the demand and I think we are mistaken and we are making mistake by immediately making such a policy well we're not it should be said but this is not the policy but besides another operator to this field the Caterion it's not only the Hamas I think Caterion it's a little bit embarrassing them the situation to be pointed from the Israelis from the international community enough playing this kind of game by on one end sponsoring and helping build the force of murderer people on the other end playing the game like they are a western country so these are the real address the Caterion and not Hamas Ania is flying from Qatar to Tehran and the Marshal is flying from Qatar to Beirut and Qatar is sponsoring most of what we saw at the 7th of October they sponsored it under covering like they are giving money to the poor people in Gaza and they should pay now the answer for their activities by being the major factor on releasing everybody together and on time coming we will see the results Israel and maybe other countries but Israel at the first place has to choose to check its relationship and policy towards Qatar it's enough to be cheated by the Caterion and to cheat yourself like you are agreed for something that does not exist Yeah I think the Qataris have a simple choice now and I hope they fall to the right direction they can either go down in history as the collaborators of these worst perpetrators in of the century difficult to describe the enormity or they can be the heroes of this story they can end up being the heroes if they secure the safe release of 245 people most of them civilians that's their choice and as Eitan said if they want to be part of the modern world of the western world the choice should be actually quite easy we are looking at the picture on our screen earlier from your Kheved Lifshitz look at the pictures of her before this war and what she looked like when she was released to entirely different people there will still be many questions if those who are released how they are being treated there but obviously that is for down the line I'd like your take Daniel on what is happening in terms of efforts right now to try and make sure that the children there are okay is there any information who are there who have lost their parents they are now orphans and they don't know that what is known about that kind of support it's beyond heart breaking it's beyond evil it's difficult to even hear it zero information as simple as that


Good afternoon. Thank you for joining us here in research in Manila. Every Monday at one, this show appears. Usually Jay Fidel is the host. I'm Ethan Allen. I'm filling in for Jay as he is away right now. And helping us out here in the studio today is Andrea Gabrieli. Welcome, Andrea. Nice to see you, Ethan. Thank you. Yes, indeed. Great to be back. Andrea has been here before. He is a research assistant and PhD candidate at that HIGP, the Hawaii Institute for Geophysics and Planetology, if I got that correctly. That's right. Absolutely. And that's part of SOES, part of UH. So it's all the different layers there. Just the layers in a volcano, right? Yeah. We're gonna talk about a bunch of things about volcanoes, but take about the gases that come out of volcanoes today and about some of the technologies that he's working on to sense these gases. So maybe start out just I assume most of our audience here is from Hawaii and if from most people probably do know what Vogue is, but let's start with basics. What is Vogue? Vogue, as they call it here in Hawaii, is basically a volcanic smog. So it's formed when the SO2 gas, the SO2, the sulfur dioxide is released by volcanoes and then it interacts with the atmosphere and particularly with particles within the atmosphere, rain, sunlight. And so we have this mixture of aerosols, of acidic aerosols and sulfuric acids that are carried away by the wind and so they can affect the people living downwind of the active volcanoes and also they can affect animals, they can affect plants and also infrastructures because they are acidic. They can deteriorate and impact those infrastructures, buildings and yeah. Right, and if there's small bodies of water downwind from them again that can make the water more acidic, which can have impacts on life forms in the water. Absolutely, yeah. So it's, and we know. Rain as well, if it rains and then the the the aerosols, the acidic aerosols can precipitate because of the rain, because of the water, so they can affect all this. You're getting dilutes of acid in your rain, which is not what you want. We don't want to drink that. Right, and we know well in Hawaii because depending on how the wind goes, sometimes we get a good deal of alive over here in Oahu, usually not too much, but we all do know it. And we get to that. In fact, I brought one, maybe if we can have the first slide. Yeah, so we can. Okay, here for example, you can see exactly what we're talking about. These are the Hawaiian islands, you can see them. And this was taken by a NASA satellite, which is modus. This is a visible image. And you can see the, it was taken during a standard train width day. So you can see the clouds forming on the windward side of the islands. And then you can also see within the red line that I drew, you can see this haze, this hazy gas that swirled to the left of the big island. And that's basically the Vox. So you can see, you can see from space, you can see it from space. And you can see how large this bloom is. And so that's why when, for example, low pressure system comes closer to the islands, then we can have Kono winds, southerly winds that bring up all these gases, all these haze towards the, all the islands. And even Oahu sometimes can be affected. You can, sometimes from, for example, from my, from my window, I can't even see the why and I amount is in the distance because of the haze and all that. So people, people start complaining about it here very quickly. It's a trouble breathing and get attacks and all. Now the thing that you're in particularly interested in is not just the Vogue itself, but it's the gases within it. Because these gases can tell us a good deal about the Vogue and they can help us understand what's sort of going on under the ground in the volcano, right? They can help because their composition will change depending upon how the magma liquid rock in the, underneath the volcano is sort of turning over and churning and bubbling away, right? Absolutely. In fact, the, these studies that we are actually carrying out at the Hawaii Institute of Geophysics and Planetology are important for two main reasons. The first one is the one you just mentioned, that studying these gases can tell us a lot about what's going on within the plumbing systems of volcanoes. So whether magma is rising, whether eruptions are imminent. But also, as we mentioned at the beginning, it's important to start to actually monitor the fluxes from these volcanoes. So the amount of gas which is released within a certain amount of time to, to survey and try and predict the quality of the air for people who live downwind active volcanoes. So we asked Maddox can take proper precautions and either stay indoors or put on appropriate masks or whatever they need to be done. For example, the one main concern for people living on the Kona, on the west side of the Bay Island, so in Kailua Kona, is basically that that area is is in a trade winds shadow because the huge mountains of Mauna Loa, Mauna Kea, block the trade winds. So that area is subjected to daily wind pattern, which is different from those that we can see in other locations. And so what happens is that as the land that gets hotter and hotter during the day, the ocean stays at the same temperature. And so a wind, because of this temperature difference, winds starts to blow from the ocean up to the land. And so, so clouds start to form there. So as the as the wind blows up this air towards the Kuala Lai mountains, Mauna Loa slopes, then also fog gets accumulated there. So that's serious concern, especially in the afternoon for these areas and locations. And there are days where the fog is is actually thicker. Sometimes it's difficult. It's like a fog. It's like it's like a fog. And except again, it's a more of a irritating fog. And if, for instance, you're trying to grow young plants, young plants will be particularly susceptible to the acidic nature of that. Yeah, it's sulfuric acid. And so that's why it's a and there are lots of studies going on whether this fog is what are the long term effects on the people living there. So there are lots of studies going on about this. But we want to, in order to try and predict where the fog is going to go so that people can get alerts and everything, we want to measure these gases as they are released from the source. And so this is this is exactly what we're doing with. And so I we have another picture here, I think that I can bring that the second picture, sort of a close up here, here, we're looking at the source. We're looking at the source of one of the one of the two sources of the fog at the current eruption of killer way of volcano. So this is a picture we we took during an overflight from a helicopter, you can see part of the helicopter on the right of the image. And this is pooh or event. This is the active event on killer way of it began eruption on January the third 1983. That's the current ongoing eruption, the pooh occupy Naha. And since the beginning, it has been continuously releasing lots amount of gases, including water vapor, sulfur dioxide and carbon dioxide as well, being a source of fog and concern for people. But between 2002 and 2007, the amount of gases which were released by the volcano where in metric tons per day, they were about according to USGS estimates, 140 tons, metric tons per day. So that's quite a bit of sulfur dioxide, which then can interacts with the atmosphere and forms the fog. But since the new event, the new event within at the summit in 2008, a new event opened up in within the Halema event. Since then, the amount of fog is severely increased, because now, now we're seeing, now we're seeing the fluxes of 800 metric tons per day. So severely increased and since 2000, since 2008, we actually saw this, this increased in emissions because now, now what we're having there are two vents. So one is degassing along the east reef zone. And the other one is degassing at the summit. That's quite a bit of fog, especially for areas immediately downwing these vents like Pahoa, for example. Or again, as we said, if the winds are coming from the south, even even Helo, Helo is actually closer than Kona. But if the winds are blowing from the south and Helo can be completely core in fog. And because these vents are in two different places, they're actually being fed from slightly different chambers of magma. And the gases vary a little bit between them. The gases vary a little bit between them. These are, this is what volcanologists call a two stages degassing. Because basically, gases are being released at the summit where there is the central magma chamber. There is a reservoir that started to form after the new vent opened up. That's, they call it the South Halema or Recevoir. And then there is a path that goes along. That's the that's an area of weakness within the volcano that they call it the east reef zone. And from the summit magma can travel within these cracks and gets to pull off. So that the gassing is is slightly different in composition. They call it two stages degassing. But the fact that now there are two vents, the gases is has dramatically increased the the the problem of the fog is here in Hawaii and and and and also the the the especially especially as I said in Kona and other areas which are threatened by that. Well, excellent. And we're going to explore this whole phenomenon a lot further and get get deeper into the area of the sensors that you use after a short break here. But right now we're going to take a little break. We'll be back with research in Manawa on your standing host Ethan Allen. We'll bring it back. Aloha, I'm Kirsten Baumgart Turner, host of Sustainable Hawaii. Thanks for watching Think Tech this summer. We have a lot of terrific shows of great importance. And I hope you'll watch my show too every Tuesday at noon. As we address sustainability issues for Hawaii, they're really pertinent as the World Conservation Congress approaches in September, and the World Youth Congress that's focusing on sustainability next year as well. Have a great summer and tune in at noon every Tuesday.  Noonthinktechhawaii.com. Watch the show. Be there. I'm hitting the full weight. I'm Jay Fidel, and I'm the host of Research in Manoa Mondays from 12 to 1 on thinktechhawaii.com. Take a look at us and learn about geophysics, learn about planetology, learn about the ocean and earth sciences at UH Manoa. You'll really enjoy it. So come around. We'll see you then. And your back. Thanks for joining us again. Research in Manoa Monday afternoons at one each week. I'm Ethan Allen, filling in for Jay Fidel. And with me today is Andrea Gabrieli from HIGP, what does call it, the Hawaii Institute for Geophysics and Planetology. And we've been talking about Vogue and the gases in Vogue and the ups and downs of Vogue. But really, your work is on sensing these gases and determining how much gas is being released how fast because obviously if you're going to start predicting the impact, the impacts of the Vogue, you need to know how much toxic gas is being released. So then the third slide that we have here shows one of your instruments set up, I guess was on site sensing this testing this gas. Can you begin to tell us a little bit about the instrument? Sure. This is an instrument. We it's a it's a spectrometer. It's an imaging spectrometer. Now let's just stop here. It's actually it's a thermo infrared hyperspectral imaging spectrometer. That's a complicated name. Well, that's that's one of the things on likable science I host. I try to get people to break down their science into simpler terms. So tell me a little bit in simple terms, what is a spectrometer then? So there we brought this instrument over to the volcano to actually test it and see how well we can we can detect these gases retrieve this concentration to try and and and see in terms of fluxes information and and how well we can retrieve them. And so here we are looking at our instrument. We brought it there. This was this picture was taken in July. So what we're doing is we're basically measuring infrared light. So we are in the infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum coming. Yeah, it's a it's a thermal radiation basically that we're measuring from the background. This is this is the radiation comes through the from the sun from the atmosphere from the top of the atmosphere and and it comes and it gets to the plume. And then here because within the plume there are molecules which are infrared active. So these are specific molecules and so to the sulfur dioxide which can emit and absorb infrared light at specific frequencies. So what we're doing is we're measuring the light coming from the background coming from beneath the plume coming from the background and from the plume itself because the plume has also a temperature. So he's emitting photons. Right. So we're measuring this budget of infrared lights. This is called the spectrum particularly. We're looking we're looking between eight and fourteen microns. So this is what they call the thermal infrared. And what we're doing is that we're trying to identify the SO2 signatures. The SO2 features that we can see in this spectrum. So for example it's like if you if you think about fingerprints in terms of fingerprints we're trying to detect the fingerprints of the SO2 gas. Right. So SO2 the sulfur dioxide will when it's when it's excited and stimulated by some infrared light will actually then remit infrared with sort of different little peaks. Some peaks at say nine hundred and other little peak at eleven hundred or something like that. It emits infrared light because the SO2 has a temperature at the specific wavelength. Right. But it also absorbs part of the light which comes from the background. Right. So we are what we're measuring is basically a combination between emission and transmission. And we're measuring these the these terms coming from the SO2. And by looking at these variations and we're basically we're basically detecting the SO2 gas. And so now this is showing how you're sort of calibrating this whole thing. Right. This is this is so when we actually so the main point that here you can see our instrument on the left and then you can see it has a gas cell. The cylinder the gray cylinder with a yellow aperture with a yellow that's a window. It's basically a gas chamber. That's a gas chamber where we put the SO2 gas in and the main point is these cameras can extremely well detect these radiances these variations in these fingerprints we were talking about of SO2 but the main problem is how we can go from radiances on to concentration to they call it the concentration along the viewing path through the path concentration. And so this is a series of experiments we've been doing. The S we put SO2 gas within the chamber. Right. And then we know the amount of gas which we put in there. And also the material is a specific kind of plastic which we chose. We built these gas cells actually and we chose this material because it doesn't react with the SO2 so we want to make sure the SO2 which we put in there stays in there. And so we know the SO2 of the gas so we can basically test how well we can retrieve a known concentration of SO2. Once we know the instrument that works well performs well under various conditions then we can apply it to kill away and then actually measure these gases. Right. And then in the field and I think the next set of pictures which shows this because you get these very different conditions these different backgrounds which have different infrared signatures. But because you now have calibrated your machine so carefully you can actually pick out the SO2 and see if it's maybe very consistent between those selectors although you couldn't tell it just looking at it. So the main point concern we find in the field situation is that the budgets of infrared light we were mentioning before changes. Right. So basically here for example we can see two pictures I took exactly on the same day of the gas bloom at Kilauea volcano being released by Halemao Mao. So on the left that's a picture we took in the morning. On the right you can see a picture we took in the afternoon. The background changed because there we have clear sky and on the right we have clouds. Right. Now the problem is that because we're measuring these combination of emission and transmission we don't want the background to interfere with what we're doing. So basically in other words we don't want to measure to retrieve a concentration of SO2 in the morning and then in the afternoon because the background changed we don't want to measure another concentration. So we want to sort of remove the background effects because we don't want to be we want to obtain the concentration in the plume the actual concentration in the plume without being related to the background. In other words we want to we want to make sure we're actually measuring the volcanic SO2 and not an effect which is related to the changing background. Right. So assuming of course assuming the SO2 is constant between the morning and the afternoon pictures we should be able to retrieve the same concentration. So this is why we're studying different backgrounds, different conditions, different atmospheric conditions. So whether it's raining, whether it's hazy, whether there are cirrus clouds, cumulus clouds and everything. You even do some I think if we jump maybe another picture to a head you've done some of this at night actually even. We tried but before that here is another picture as I mentioned we want to make sure we can retrieve the correct concentration of gases within the plume no matter the background. So here for example we the other set of experiments we carried them out in the lab but here you can see we are on the roof of the one of our buildings at University of Hawaii on campus and I put the gas cell again in front of the instrument and we're scanning across the sky. As you can see now the sky we have some nice high altitude clouds these are cirrus clouds and we know again the concentration of gas which I put in the gas because I put it in there. So I want to make sure that we can get it back we can retrieve the same concentrations using various techniques. Right you can pull that background off of it now basically and get an authentic reading. Yeah Excellent excellent and how about the nighttime shots here because I gather that's... This is oh yeah this is an interesting story because the good thing about these instruments these using infrared imaging spectrometers is that these instruments work at night. Right because heat is traveling through... Because in the infrared in the infrared parts of the spectrum that we can see. For example there are other techniques such as UV, ultraviolet based devices and those basically don't work at night. So it's extremely important for example if you want to make sure that what's happening to the plume at night or if you think the broad pictures for example if you want to predict different volcanoes here we're looking at strongly in Italy for example if you want to look at other volcanoes then volcanoes for example that are in places where near the poles for example where during the arctic winters or the Antarctic winters where it's always night then you can't measure those gases because you don't have instruments. Right. For example if we bring up another slide I think it was there was another one or yeah this one. This is a picture I took flying over Iceland so I was on an aircraft and you can see that's the that volcano is called Eia Fiatla Jocotla now some some some friends of mine from Iceland might say oh you're pronouncing it wrong you know but this is Icelandic names are particularly tricky to hopefully I said it right but it's an Iceland so it's called an Iceland and the that volcano is started to erupt dramatically in 2010 and the ash cloud it produced the threat and disrupted the whole air circle air trips over Europe but so detecting gases in these locations during winter time where when it's always dark it's particularly important so that's where these instruments can actually make a difference. Exactly well this is great I mean this is you've given a great overview of why the why the work you're doing is so important because it has all these different implications and applications for people nearby for people far away for people in commercial air travel for people in high latitudes and different times of the day so wonderful and and and furthermore I congratulate you really did explain that the thermal infrared hyperspectral imaging spectrometer very well and I have much better sense now for that device does and works so I want to thank you so much for being here on research in Manawa it was a real pleasure talking with you and uh very educational as thank you very much thank you very much thank you thank you thank you take care Aloha


in this presentation we will take a look at a general type of response strategy when responding to the risk of material. First a word from our sponsor. Well actually these are just items that we picked from the youtube shopping affiliate program but that's actually good for you because these aren't things that were just given to us from some large corporation which we don't even use in exchange for us selling them to you. These are things that we actually researched, purchase and use ourselves. Focusrite Scarlett Solo 3rd Gen USB interface with software suite. I've been using a focusrite for years for my audio needs before which time I had a USB microphone which plugged directly into the computer but I think you'll find as I have found if you want to increase the quality of your microphone you will need an interface and the focusrite is the go-to interface as far as I'm concerned I've been using this for years now it works well it's easy to use it seems quite durably built because I only do the screen recordings I only need the one solo interface however if you have multiple microphones you need to plug in or if you have other instruments you need to plug in you can look at a similar model that has more input ports. If you would like a commercial free experience consider subscribing to our website at accountinginstruction.com or accountinginstruction.thinkific.com where we have many different courses you can purchase one at a time or have a subscription model giving you access to all the courses courses which are well organized have other resources like excel files and pdf files to download and no commercials real misstatement remember our goal here as the auditor is to take a look at those financial statements give an opinion on the financial statement to see whether they are in accordance with some type of standard typically being generally accepted accounting standards therefore we are looking for those items that are going to be material misstatements material deviations from generally accepted accounting standards we want to think about the thought process of responding to the risk of those material misstatements here's a flow chart that we'll go through that we can actually visualize basically the thought process as we think through a material misstatement so we're going to assess the risk of material misstatement at the financial statement and assertion level so we have a risk of a material misstatement we're going to check them that at the financial statement level as well as the assertion level we're going to start with the financial statement level because if there's risk if we look at this risk and we say that this is something that can have an effect on the financial statements as a whole our end goal if it's a if we're saying that there's going to be a material misstatement or there's a substantial risk of material misstatement at the financial statement level then we could take a look at it at that level because that is our objective to make to give it an opinion on whether or not the financial statements are free of material misstatements so do these risks relate perversely to the financial statements if yes we're going to develop an overall response at the financial statement level now if the answer is no then we want to consider this at the assertion risk level and you can think of this at the more granular level so we could say well if it's not at the financial statement level that this risk we think that's going to have a material impact on the financial statement level we still want to consider whether it has an impact on the assertion level the assertions individual assertions by management recall that we went through basically the types of assertions that management has we want to test those specific assertions and even though some type of misstatement may not be something that we're going to say hey this has a material impact directly on the financial statement level we we still want to consider whether it has an impact on the assertion level because we're going to set a misstatement threshold or tolerable misstatement threshold per assertion and so we still want to consider basically any kind of risk or material risk at that assertion level as well determine what might go wrong at the assertion level and then to design audit procedures for the assertion level of risk at that point auditors response to the risk assessment auditor may do the following to respond to financial statement level risk so the financial statement level risks this could be the response of the auditor assigned personnel with more experience or specialized knowledge so if we see a risk financial statement level risk what can we do about it part of the plan we might want to put in place as we go through the auditing process is to say hey we're going to put more experienced personnel or more specialized personnel we're going to put people that have more experience in the auditing process process in general or possibly people that have more experience with a particular set of problems in a particular type of audit we're doing possibly problems related to a specific industry or problems related to a specific type of activity that we are that was is within that particular audit i'll review selection and application of accounting policies to identify bias that may create a material misstatement and add add elements of unpredictability in the selection of audit procedures


That's one small step for man, one giant leap. To the moon, let me play among the stars. Let me see what spring is like on...