in the re oh wait wait wait I should record to yeah okay I'm gonna record a good day internet file version come in three two well hello it is time for our q2 daily tech news show hangout I guess it's also a good day internet hangout I'm Tom Merritt of course with me Sarah Lane hello and finishing up his lunch is Roger Chang hello Roger what did you have for lunch a curried lentil and brown rice sounds good yeah sounds delicious this is a quarterly thing that we've been doing since almost the beginning of daily tech news show where we just want to update people on what's going on with the show and if you're new or unfamiliar we have a patreon patreon.com slash DTS meant to support the show daily tech news show which tries to help you feel smarter about the technology world around you we spend all morning reading all the tech news so we can boil it down for you and give you all of the context and understanding that we can give you and then we also have a wider show around that called good day internet where we talk about movie snacks and other things it's a pretty fun show I have to admit yeah it is I agree so you know the the top line stuff that I cover sometimes on this is how we're doing financially the patreon is like down 11 patrons over last month right now last month it was down over the month before kind of in the summer doldrums on the patreon side I have an idea for that though I'll talk about that in a second the a cast revenue has been pretty good but it's also kind of going away for the summer it may come back but the majority of our revenue still entirely comes from the patreon like that's I guess the majority can't entirely come but the majority of our revenue still comes from the patreon so that is that is what we rely on the most we also get a little money from PayPal a little bit of money from our merchandise I'd like to figure out how to boost that more as well we've tried some things over the years I have a couple of thoughts well I mean there's always good thoughts for merchandise but it's almost like just having someone paying more attention to it and if your thoughts are about that then I think that that could definitely help but the first thing I want to talk about is the patreon the second thing I want to talk about is some ideas that we all had when we got together for dinner last week Amos our intern and Rich Truffalino who does daily tech headlines were in town we brought them into town and and had a little brainstorming session so we'll talk about that and then Roger we'll hear your idea I'll put it I'll add it to the agenda Roger's ideas on merch so let's start oh and then also and then questions if you are in the slack or in the discord you can go to the questions channel in the slack or if you're in the discord go to your patron level channel like the analysts channel and submit questions and we'll get to those at the end of the shoe so for the patreon one of the things that patreon says will work really well is redoing the tears they say if your tears have been around for a while which ours have basically been around for five years not all of them but but we've had pretty much the same setup for five years they say redoing your tears will help it'll get people more interested in and you'll be able to talk about more things etc etc etc so I want to redo the patreon tears but there's two principles I want to preside over as one is not taking anything away that you still want there there are some things that are promised in there that we have taken away because nobody really cared about them that much and so we need you to tell us this is the thing on patreon that I love do not take it away this is this I'm at this tier and I get this thing and I don't want to lose it so let us know you know it's the best way to just respond to the posting about this hangout on patreon.com slash dts and say this is the thing I don't want and the other thing we could use is ideas for like you know what I've always wanted you to do as a patreon reward is this because it's not all about just adding new rewards it's about taking things away that aren't that valued it's about changing the levels if we change the levels it won't change the level for you as an existing patron that's important to know let's say we took I'm not saying we're doing this but let's say we took the five dollar level and made it a seven dollar level that'd be silly but just for the example right if we did that everybody who's paying five dollars a month right now would stay paying five dollars a month and getting the same thing it'd only be new people that would have to have to change so the tiers are independent of the amounts in that respect so we might change around the way the tiers work do you guys have any thoughts on that well I mean and if again this is hypothetical if a five dollar tier became a seven dollar tier for new people it would also come with new perks uh it wouldn't have to but it probably would because we're talking about changing around the perks yeah yeah and if you're at the five dollar tier and we add five dollar tier is called the associate producer tier if you're at the associate producer tier and we change the perks at the associate producer tier you get them if you're already there whether you'd pay seven dollars or five dollars um yeah I'm really curious to know what the patrons really value in terms of what we're outputting right now so we can get a better sense of where to where to to invest our resources to better shape the show for for their enjoyment yeah because uh because the the point of the patreon is to support the show the the rewards are there as a thank you and we try to make them things that are you get access that other people don't right so I've heard people say well wait a minute good day internet is live on twitch for anybody who wants it isn't that my perk well the perk is you can have it delivered to you as an audio rss or you can get into the discord if you're unavailable for twitch and listen to audio you have more options if you're a supporter of patreon than you do otherwise that those are the kinds of things we want to do is say hey when you're a member of our patreon you get more things than other people all right well and I think we have a pretty good idea of the things that uh resonate with our audience editors desk for example you know lots lots of good feedback on that want more of that you know do you um you know do you like the uh the well we're we're still in the early stages of the live with it three month stuff but like we can do more of that all of the all of that is dependent on what it means to our audience so yeah um we can't do giveaways associated with the patreon patreon doesn't like that um it causes legal issues for them that's why they don't like it sure um or else i'd say like hey if you're a patron you get into a special giveaway for first stuff but we could do giveaways it can't be tied to the patreon we could do giveaways that's something that's been uh suggested and and maybe i don't know maybe you get to vote on what the giveaway is if you're a patreon or something to to play by the rules um start that's one of the actual ideas that was uh came up in our brainstorming last week was was doing giveaways um another one well one i had was uh collaborating with uh other shows slash podcasters that we don't already regularly interface or uh work with for example you know justin he has his he has his justin scott patrick they're all podcasters on right but you know we work with them on the show are there people out there that we are unaware of that you think would be a good blend for us to to maybe have on our show or maybe tom or sarah on their show absolutely yeah yeah yeah suggestions always welcome and i want to get back and often are really good i want to get back to giveaways because i had another thought on that but uh yeah let us know if you're like and people do this a lot uh they send us emails and say oh did you know about this person you they might be a great guest uh we just got an email like that today so it's not that we're saying uh you've never done this uh but uh more ideas the better right yeah and um i'm still trying to just kind of a kind of a boilerplate format so you know we know who it is what they do and where we can reach him one of the hardest things is just reach trying to contact people well but i mean not the people suggesting aren't going to necessarily no no no but all that information but if um just to formalize it a little bit but yeah yeah if as much information as you know about them if you want to suggest somebody to us is uh is super helpful super helpful um but back to giveaways is i just wanted to ask uh is that something people want and if so what would you want is it merch is it tech products what what kind of stuff well okay so in the um in the example of my Jabra um earbuds that was that was my first live with it uh uh example you know i i with some caveats i came away with it pretty pretty excited about that would people want that as a giveaway so that's a good example of something that i was gonna bring that up because i don't want to take that stuff away from you but yeah thing away from me it's like you know we're we're a team um but you like them so much i do but yeah um use them every day and we could even do we could even do things i'm now i'm just talking to you sarah like we could do something where uh if you're like but i really like these blight bulbs we could just buy new light bulbs and give those away to people too yeah it would have to take them from you no no no oh i see what you're saying no don't take away the things that i'm living with yeah i have to keep living with them but that would be an example of you know if i'm waxing poetic about how great something is over a certain amount of time that would be a good example of someone being like sounds pretty good i want this too what's funny is most of the people in the twitch chat right now are like meh giveaways not a big deal so i don't know maybe that's a bigger deal for things well maybe it's a bigger bigger deal for people who aren't as active in the show right yeah maybe um or yeah if there's not a you know a demand then okay we'll keep brainstorming uh this is one that's we probably don't need a lot of audience feedback on this but uh roger had i think a good idea which is occasionally opening the show with an email instead of having the email at the end yeah like my idea is that um sometimes we get really good emails uh but because of their uh length or brevity it would be a really good way or the subject matter be a good way to start the show with because it would be very topical for what we would be discussing or it's a quick reply to something we mentioned in the previous show you know as a way to kind of mix it up a little bit yeah yeah and there are certain times where somebody will have emailed us something and it fits in perfectly with the story that we're going to talk about anyway so it you know becomes part of the rundown in the non-mail bag part of the show so the more that that would make sense i think we're all you know we're happy to do it yeah and roger um you feel free to suggest those when you see them you're like oh this would make a good opener um let us let us know when you see the the kind of thing that that is is what you were thinking of yeah totally um i've yeah i i will be on it i think this was another of your ideas roger uh which is uh thinking of our stories more along how much time do we want to talk about them rather than what we traditionally knew which people in the audience may not realize which is we usually think five top stories three or four quick hits at the top and then a main discussion and i think we always have quick hits for things that we don't need to spend time talking about but maybe not separating the main discussion from the top stories so much yeah like uh you know for example um just the other day we had two really great topics in one show i think it was maybe wednesday's uh show uh we had um was it lead not we had libre but there was another topic in there that we were running along with but it was very it was it was uh i think it was the hallway story and um yeah it happens on shows and i'm wondering you know where we're kind of we kind of get our groove going and yeah we go a little bit long instead of trying to you know paint ourselves into like this uh a structure we can open it up where like hey this is a really great topic we can devote six minutes to it and then we build out like with the subject matter and then we kind of arrange it sort of um i mean it's it's you know it's still be we would still have a discussion but uh we wouldn't have to maybe limit it more than we needed to um here's one that was just suggested by iHeartInfoTech read only access to the show doc for patrons okay which in principle i have no problem with like just given that you can do that in google docs you can give a link uh and we publish our show notes as or we publish our pages as show notes after the fact anyway i think what iHeartInfoTech is suggesting is certain level of patrons could just have access to look at it ahead of time and see us as we're populating it and oh i see follow along while we're while we're doing the show you know that that could be kind of a dynamic thing i mean it the the rundown does change you know up until showtime quite a few times between let's say 8 a.m and you know 1 p.m pacific so yeah i wouldn't have to make sure that everyone understood that other people could see it yeah because sometimes like we may we i don't think we do this anymore but in the past we used to put info about guests in there like like their sky number you know sure email addresses things like that we wouldn't want we'd want to protect that sort of thing that that i keep in a separate document just yeah so i don't think that's as much of a issue now because you do that separately um but you know when i'm when i'm normally like going on a tirade about something in the dark and uh w skydus what was one we usually we usually save that to slack for slack yeah that's where the tirades happen i do think uh i do think i would be embarrassed about all our spelling errors oof somebody well you know but that's also a thing that you know well i guess if it's read only you wouldn't be able to help us with that but you'd be able to got another patreon level you know that they're at frequently get become our copy editor just um but i think you i think that would definitely add a nice kind of uh behind the scenes i mean it's totally doable it's um you know just as long as we're sure we're not making a huge mistake well i mean the only thing is i would just want to canvas the the contributors that we have right now and make sure the main contributors yeah make sure no that's right um yeah i guess they would see the yellow and red uh signs there you go they would know when we're ignoring Roger well you know this goes back to when it goes yellow red yellow red now we're really ignoring roger it does kind of go back to what i was saying earlier like you know if we we pick these stories and then just decide like you know this is a really good story this six minutes to it you know because we kind of do that already uh we yeah i i think that's a really good idea we'd have to feel so uh conform feel so restricted yeah well and i like you say i think we kind of moved away from that but just saying for sure like now we don't have to have a big 10 minute story every day we could have two six minute stories you know or whatever um okay sarah tell us your idea so extra twitch content extra twitch okay so for anybody who is now familiar with the fact that we are um streaming gdi and twitch i was thinking well okay before before gdi starts um and that starts at about one p.m. pacific time and that's everybody's kind of familiar with that sorry my dog is having very weird dreams oh just come down oh sleepy odyssey i know um but um so we do that beforehand and i don't think that i don't think tom or roger and i really have the you know we don't really have the bandwidth to do a whole lot before when we start streaming because we're trying to make dt and s happen but after the show there are oftentimes that i'm like you know i i could stay on twitch for another hour and maybe and maybe talk about a few of the tech topics that didn't make the show yeah still still good topics um and and that's actually you know anybody who has access to our rundown would know that we have a lot of topics in the morning and we you know throughout the day we're kind of like well is this you know is this a quick hit or do we have something to talk about and you know um there there's a lot of movement that goes around and just the nature of that 30 minute show it doesn't always make the show yeah but a lot of the stuff is pretty cool and also just i don't know there's a little bit more kind of i don't know tech culture stuff i don't know internet memes uh you know stuff that stuff that we're all seeing in the news that might be kind of fun for a discussion and certainly on the twitch network you know having people who are in there if they want to be part of the part of the discussion i would love that because i'm already here so i was thinking maybe not five days a week i don't know i mean just throwing it out there maybe you know maybe two days a week to start it'd be five days a week maybe one i think for start just like when you can do it yeah well but i would like to have like a regular schedule yeah well i'm sure after we did for a couple weeks you know for everybody's benefit but i i would be super happy to do that and because there are always i would say five stories a day where i'm like yeah we couldn't get to it but that was a really cool story you know so this would be an extended director's cut version we could call it ic wmi uh huh so yeah so all of you let me know if that's something that you would like and and Otis would be a big part of it because he's he's that's so far the only reactions are Otis cam would there be Otis how about Otis yeah Otis Otis will be part of this he's he's actually a pretty good curator you you'd be surprised yeah Gordon McLeod kind of loves that idea all right okay cool all right yeah so uh yeah feedback at daily tech news show dot com uh let us know what you think of that um also this this one's a little more of a mechanical thing for you daily tech headlines fans which we know this is not really part of but there are sister show uh rich straffolino was suggesting maybe we do and we've done this a couple of times in the early days of daily tech headlines a separate episode for the big event announcements so samsung unpacked google i o microsoft build apple announcement uh instead of not having anything about them for 24 hours because usually dth gets published before these things happen having a second dth that's just like okay here's the stuff that came out at google i o boom boom boom boom and then you'd still touch on it the next dth the next day as well yeah and and rich um straffolino who who does the majority of daily tech headlines although tom and i both do one per week you know he he had a very good point where he's like you know if it's w w dc the keynote it's going to be the majority of that shows headlines but let's say you don't care about that for whatever reason and that's fine well you know do you lose the people like there are always other uh news items on any given day so this would hopefully satisfy both both parties yeah my only uh my only worry about that is we have an amazon slash google home uh audience that only hears the most recent episode right you'd say play my flash briefing and you get the most recent one and i'm i don't know that that would matter because when they play it it would be the most recent news certainly um but you have to take that into account but i think it would still work for that um and dth doesn't uh our heart infotech is suggesting that be a perk on patreon dth doesn't have a patreon it's purely out supported that's that's the only way it works so um so maybe if they get a patreon uh that's a thing i don't even think it needs to be a patreon bonus i think it's just something you put out there it's it's a brief news show that's what it is and a good one at that and a darn good one and growing rich yes it is numbers have been up lately so it's kind of rich's project now i was sort of handed it over to him i just work for him uh this one specific to twitch.tv slash good day internet um emojis everybody loves emojis everybody wants emojis roger and i don't understand how emojis work but we're learning i am learning i i mean i understand how we yeah we know what they are it's just like figuring out how they work with it yes and then uh figure out what we want to create is it just like sarah tom justin patrick scott heads or do we want something different yeah um you how should they let us know what emojis they want maybe in the discord discord or um i mean or or email us at hey Otis ray and Sawyer emojis have been requested now you know obviously we need there's already an emoji that's very Otis like um but sure let's work on ray and i think we need a hot tamale's emoji uh we need a watermelon with the the red strikeout yeah right no watermelon emoji visceral reaction yeah um bacon obviously we need a bacon emoji for sure a lacroix emoji i think would be good yeah sparkling water uh pass on the bacon yes on the lacroix so there we go yeah all right fine and then uh i believe it was c pot's 50 pointed out that uh one point we were gonna make a cookbook last year and we didn't do it uh turns out it's hard to make it right i could have slapped it together and put it on lulu and be done with it but it wouldn't look very good so um i'm trying to get uh layout help and uh despite good intentions that hasn't happened so uh put it this way still want to do a cookbook just need to find the time and the help to do it all right roger's ideas on march what does that mean on merch oh merch yes that's a cleaning man like march is already like next march don't worry next march uh roger's ideas on the march i was thinking like maybe if we could uh you know people could send us a really cool snapshot of them wearing our our merch in whatever local town or city icon they get a photo of and we could show it on the show or put and post it on the patreon it's like hey um yeah yeah i got a i got a picture in front of the uh statue of liberty wearing a dts shirt which would be awesome by the way so a picture of someone in their dts shirt in front of the uh little whinging uh sign in england yes i don't know what that is but examples of what you're talking about uh yes don't get up on the name of the town oh uh yes uh or a cap or you know other or a beanie you know whatever and then we could uh we could kind of showcase them on uh once a week or every day or every other day on the show yeah well i was going to go to some question i was that the only march idea i'm sorry i like that idea um uh yes my other one was socks but i think i mentioned that before right well do you just i mean you could contact david and get that rolling i'm all for that uh we need somebody to we need somebody to have an eye on merch and have time to really give it some love and care at some point oh that reminds me uh we do have a redesign of daily tech news show dot com still underway it's slow going um but the the one mock-up i've seen from ray looked really nice uh so i'm looking forward to that um he is giving us a uh a good friend deal uh so i'm very patient with him but yeah we should hopefully have a new site at some point in the future i don't see any questions at all in uh slack or uh the discord i think they've just been throwing them in the twitch chat as we go along which is actually very handy because i'm reading yeah that's fine maybe we just make that the uh i mean you can if you're if you're at a certain if you're at the analyst level you can ask me a question any day of the week i'll i'll do my best to answer it um i said uh yes you were you were saying oh no i said uh no i was no i was thinking of something else i just realized it it would work oh w scottis one wants to know if we could provide benefits like the patreon benefits to people who subscribe on twitch because you can send emails to people who have subscribed to the twitch i have to figure out an equivalency for that but i'm not against that idea at all um but i don't know if you can send emails easily based on on their subscription level um and we'll check that out oh uh gardener vh is one of the people who very nicely says how about the topic of how many chat rooms there are meaning there are too many chat rooms uh which you know well yeah i mean if you yeah if you want to go where everybody is there are several options so tom would we you know what what's sort of our messaging on that yeah so so here's the thing um we used to just have one chat room the irc.chatroom.net then we started slack and so we had two places that you could interact and people in slack were like do we do this during the show and now we just do it in rc then we started the discord because patreon offered that we're like yeah let's try that then we had kind of two versions of slack but some people chat along in discord then we started twitch which has its own irc now i think we can move the irc.chatroom.net into twitch potentially but you lose a bunch of the functionality if you do that so most people haven't done that frog pants hasn't done that night attack hasn't done that and then it becomes a question of well do we take away other things which i generally don't like to do so i don't know uh to me it's like wherever you want to be you have options and right now it seems like most people want to be in the twitch chat while we're doing the show so that's where i'm at i i don't want to take something away from from somebody especially because the day twitch chat went down everybody piled into the irc and it became hopping again it's a good backup uh i just i i kind of want to go slow and see what people use it for and uh and to kind of flesh out that um but i also keep an eye not just on twitch but also on the irc and discord so my my eyes are constantly popping between all three yeah um gardener vh says the discord value seems to be reduced during the show um well people were always in the irc during the show before so i guess because all of good day internet is on twitch you put it this way i'm looking at the discord if you want to talk in the discord i will see that first most of the time um yeah you use it the way you want to use it though um always paying attention to discord during show prep during the day uh i pop into slack at least once a day and i see irc and twitch chat during the show so if you were using discord all the time and you were talking about it during the show uh i would see that stuff and we would respond to it absolutely you want me to take away something that's all streamers like about idea to take away things well and yeah i mean the alternative is like okay well the only place we chat is this platform and that would have said people i know that would make it easier to say like here's the place to go right yeah um so we'll keep thinking about it um and i i personally understand um what gardener vh is is alluding to it it can be confusing where's where should i send my thoughts to uh so i can interact with other fans of the show um currently you know they're they're in twitch but uh discord doesn't get diminished it's just for that 40 minutes also if you don't know uh we do uh go live in the discord uh audio channel before the twitch channel i don't know how valuable that is to people but some people like it so you're you get a little extra listen uh if you're in discord something to know about uh let's see i'm checking to see if anybody is popping into questions but it does not look like they are we're getting good questions in the twitch chat though discord is the best says tim in discord uh discord is great but you know our slack community also if i had to do it over again i'll be honest i would do discord not slack yeah but we did lack of discord existed uh as a as an option uh and so i don't want to take it away that's all and it's it's hopping in there there's people chatting in there all the time and uh yeah and not just with us but with um other viewers and other fans of the show the way it's become is discord is the one you automatically get when you're a patron and slack is the sort of grandfather channel uh so yeah and they're both around 247 do you like me check yes a box yes or no says bio cow yes of course i'll say it out loud prefer to listen in twitch so the audio and video are in sync well yes that would make sense fair point yeah i'd try not to uh use other audio when i look at other video that just doesn't work yeah the other thing about discord is you you don't get to see the video but you don't get any latency it's immediate when it works which there was server issues today but most of the time yeah discord is available to everybody that's the other thing slacks only available to analysts and up uh i heard info tech says you could migrate the channels to discord and do writes you don't there's no need for that we could just create the channels and tell people to go there this is about human behavior it's not about technology i mean people could totally move to discord if they want uh i just don't want to take this slack away because some people are like i don't want to go to discord i like it in slack i have no idea why twitch done roku was pulled that is one disadvantage to twitch uh yes youtube is getting rid of hangouts on on air like we expected so we're very glad we moved to twitch before that happened but it does mean that there is not the easy option on roku for roku viewers so hopefully that'll that'll change at some point anything else uh i don't know besides saying that our patrons are the best yes and they are uh no i no i i i look forward to feedback from a lot of stuff that we threw at everybody and uh otherwise yeah we're we're you know onward and upwards and happy to happy to take everybody's ideas into consideration and and make this a show that makes everybody happy yeah this was good this was good good brainstorming good idea uh i i'm constantly surprised at the uh the helpfulness of of the the audience uh not just towards the show but to each other it's actually very rare to find it it's very heartwarming yeah it is yeah that's a good well put pat yourselves on the back audience you're the best really are all right um that's going to wrap it up for this quarterly hang out uh we will do another one in about three months or so but as i said uh anytime you want to ask a question uh if you're at the master level in discord i'm always looking at that but the question channel in slack too uh and let us know 24 7 and we'll do our best thanks everybody thank you have a good day see you next quarter


After an earthquake, how can people know a building is still safe to live in and will not collapse? In Mexico, a nuclear technology will be used to check the safety of buildings damaged by a strong quake last September. After a earthquake, we need to evaluate all kinds of infrastructures. In special cases, we need very special techniques such as nuclear techniques. The 7.1 magnitude earthquake destroyed hundreds of buildings in the capital, Mexico City. Many damaged structures still stand. The IAEA briefed Mexican experts about using non-destructive testing techniques to examine the condition of these buildings. It is essential to have people at least prepared to quickly decide when to evacuate or not to build a building. What we want is a systematized, fast and precise way to evaluate civil buildings that can provide a risk to the population. Non-destructive testing is a group of inspection techniques used to assess the properties of materials, components and structures. Some methods rely on radiation to peer deep inside. Instructions allow us to create a very advanced idea of how the structure is and what the structure is made of. Countries can use these techniques to quickly and efficiently test structures with portable equipment without causing any damage to the object. This is the first time we would use it to evaluate civil type structures in urban areas. The IAEA provided similar assistance after devastating earthquakes in Ecuador in 2016 and Nepal in 2015 and will continue to support its member states in responding to natural disasters.


the 50 BMG right here and every so often if it's failing to extract if you go right in here there's a little nut you can just use your finger to tighten it it doesn't need to be tightened all the way actually then it won't work so just give it a turn or two if you're having a failure to extract.


All right, so I'm doing a post-mortem analysis of the webinar experience that I just had this week. I did it in two different time zones. One was for the Australia-Asian time zone, which also is for America's evening. And then the second time zone was, which is by the way, that was Monday at 6 p.m. Pacific. And then the second time zone was Wednesday at 9 a.m. That's for America's and Europe. Anyway, so this was the model of free to attend paid recording. And I have talked about this for years as a model. And I did it starting in 2016, maybe even 2015. I started doing this model. And I love it. I love the model. And the one I just did was the only instance of this model I did this year. So I felt like I had to try it again because I've been telling a lot of my, a lot of new clients to try it out. And I still, I highly recommend it. Basically, it's where you would put together a top webinar, one hour, basically interactive lecture on a topic that you poll your audience first, which topics that they wouldn't be most interested from, from you. And then you do the one that's well voted. And and it's just like it sounds like the title free to attend paid recorded, meaning people who sign up and attend the webinar, they of course get the experience for free. However, for the people who don't attend or who, yeah, or who later want to buy it, they can buy the recording. And so this one for me was free to attend, but they can also pay $30 to get the recording. And because I had so much material, I ended up having instead of the same webinar in two different time zones, I did part one and part two. So, but for each for, but the way I split up the material was that each part had significant and, and, you know, well requested topics for each part. So, so that whichever one they attended, it didn't feel like, oh, I missed out on the better one, it was each one had at least one or two questions that was well, what that was well rated, I mean, that was popular questions. And so in terms of the numbers, I want to I want to share it with you so that you can see why this kind of thing is is useful. When I usually sell classes throughout my live launches, live classes, you know, they usually, let me literally look at my number so I can give you accurate, accurate stats here. I usually get, you know, by this, you know, something like 60 to 70 students for a live class paid paid class, so 60 ish 65, let's say. And for this one. Okay, so again, my paid classes about 65 on average sign up, right. For this one, where it is free to attend, let me give you the actual numbers of those who signed up. And in my signup process, I was very clear that they had to, you know, when they, when they signed up, they, they had to answer a few questions, are you sure you can be there because you are taking up a spot. If you can't be there, it's a limited number of spots and I started out really with a limited number of spice start out with only 100 per per session, because there was a zoom has a limit of 100 attendees per zoom meeting. And I have I have enough of an audience where it actually went to 100 within a week of announcement for each session went to a close to 100 I'm like, oh no, am I so I ended up upgrading my zoom account just for one month to 500 attendees per meeting. It's called the large meeting package that I bought. So it's an extra $50. And you could just buy one month add on. So that's what I did. And so for the Monday evening one ended up being 300 and oh sorry, 185 sign ups, 185 sign ups. And out of the 185 sites. So, so let me give you for free webinars. Usually, free webinars can expect between 15 to 35% attendance from those who signed up. Meaning, if using those same numbers, if 185 people signed up, I can expect between 28 people and 65 people to be there live. So somewhere between 30 to 65 people live. That's what I can expect. Well, because of the free to attend paid recording model, they have much more incentive to actually show up live. So instead of, you know, maximum of 65 people attending out of 185 sign ups, I had 133 out of 185 sign ups, which calculates to 72% attendance. So that's double the maximum attendance that anybody usually gets for a free webinar. This is why. Okay, and then what about what about today's the one that was the Wednesday morning one Wednesday morning one had Let me just do the numbers here. 269 sign ups, 269 sign ups. And out of the 269 sign ups, again, if I was doing the regular free webinar model, I would have a maximum of 94 attendees, which is already quite good. However, instead, I got 211 attendees. 211 attendees out of 269 is 78% attendance. Wow. So the average attendance 72 plus 78 divided by 2. So average attendance out of the two sessions was 75% attendance. I mean, that's astonishing. That's even more. The funny part is that that's even more attendance than my regular paid classes. Meaning like my regular paid classes, 65 people sign up, maybe 50% will attend the live sessions. And then the other 50% have optimism that they can eventually watch the recordings, of course, as we all know, we don't, if you don't attend live, what's the chances that you're going to actually watch the recording? It's not super high. So 75% attendance of a live webinar, free webinar, especially is extraordinary. And then thankfully, I did have some sales of the recording pretty much right afterwards. And but that wasn't the point. The point was, I wanted people to engage with the material. I wanted people to also experience me teaching and the interaction. What I learned between, and I learned something already between the first session and second session. Okay, so the first session, I was so eager to say, I've got six questions topics prepared to teach you all in this hour. Well, guess what? I could barely get through three. I basically got through three topics. I think maybe maybe I squeeze in the fourth one at the very end. So I want to recommend, so here's what I did instead for the second session. I said, okay, I was, I basically barely got through three in a comfortable pace. I'm going to promise them two for the second session. I'm going to get through two questions. So what I did was I created a zoom poll with seven questions that were already voted on that that was popular questions already. These seven were already popular, but I had, so at the beginning of the session, I welcomed everybody. I thanked everybody. Oh, also very importantly, I recruited two people who had signed up that I knew were going to, well, I looked at the list of people who had signed up, right? And I picked two people from MasterHeart, from my client group, that I, you know, longtime MasterHeart people who like knew my stuff and knew it well and were tech savvy and could support. So I recruited them to say, hey, would you mind, you know, being my co-hosts for these, meaning you will just keep up as much as you can with the chat. It was very fast, but just go answer the chat. And if you see any problems I should know about to unmute and let me know. So when I went on the call on the webinar, I made sure to mute everybody and uncheck the box that says, allow people to unmute. You know how when you mute everyone in a Zoom call, you have to check boxes that says, do you want to allow people to unmute themselves? Well, I made sure they could not unmute themselves because I only wanted my co-host to unmute. Okay, so anyway, so at the beginning of the second session, I took the poll. I said, choose two of these questions that you would be most excited for me to discuss today. And then I shared, you know, the Zoom, the way the Zoom poll works is that the poll pops up in front of them. They get to do multiple choice. Oh, I'm going to pick these two. And then I can end the poll, and then I can share the poll results. So the poll results are right in front of them. So they can see, ah, these are the two questions that were most voted on. So in other words, I had the approval of the audience to go ahead and just cover two questions. And that was great. I felt so spacious to me. I'm like, oh, so I just have to cover these two questions. And I think I was able to, I think I was able to cover a third one at the end. I think so. I don't remember now. But, but then I actually was able to end the session on time. I don't know, you never, you never heard of that from me before, that I end a teaching class on time in one hour. I was actually even one minute left. So I finally squeezed the one minute out and ended up being 30 seconds over time. But still it was, so I was very happy to have done the experience. And so this, how do we apply? How do you apply this free to attend paid webinar, paid recording thing? It is perfect as a lead up to either selling one to one services or recruiting people into a group program of some kind or a more in depth course. Because after today's experience, if I had made the offer for MasterHeart, which I actually, it coincided that I actually posted about MasterHeart to my social media this morning, I hadn't timed it. I hadn't planned it to do this. But I'm like, that's perfect actually. And not surprisingly, I got, you know, have a dozen requests to go to MasterHeart right away. So, but I didn't, I didn't even talk about MasterHeart in the webinar. They even mentioned it. They just happened to see it on social media for the few people happen to see it later. It just happened to be a good coincidence. So I recommend before you launch, especially any kind. Now, you know, people do this already, right? For, for, for in-depth group programs, people already use webinars to, to recruit people. But the problem is they usually just do it as a free webinar. It's not free to attend paid recording. They just do it for free. And then they say, oh, yeah, you can sign up and you'll get the recording. And the whole thing, not the whole thing. Well, much of it is a sales pitch, right? The free webinars that lead up to the group program is usually most of it is a sales pitch. But for me, I was intending this to be a product. So 90 to 95% of it was all teaching. Only five to 10% was mentioning that I have other courses. That's it. So literally this morning, for example, I taught for 56 minutes. And then I talked about my courses for three minutes. So that's, that's literally 5% of an hour, right? Three minutes out of 60 minutes. Now you could do 10% of an hour. Six minutes out of 60 minutes is also not too much to talk about a course or a group or something like that. And of course, you can follow up email about the paid thing if you wish to do so. But the vast majority of those who attended my free webinars, these two sessions fill out the feedback form, because then they get the recording for free. Those who buy my product, they're a very, very product that comes out of this, also get additional bonuses. So that's what, and I want to show you on the screen what that looks like. So that's, I told them at the end, hey, if you want to fill out the feedback form, here it is. And you fill it out, you'll get both recordings and the notes for free. However, if you felt like this was so worth it, and you were able to, that's not a financial hardship to just easily make a decision to say, sure, I'm going to just pay for this too, you know, I would love your support and you get bonuses. And basically, those who bought receive these additional bonuses, you know, additional videos that are related to what I was talking about today. So kind of going more in depth. So anyway, it's a great model. I really recommend it. And let me just see if those who are here have any questions. So Gregory, yes, you have an observation about, yeah. And you were there on my was there. I was there. And, and I was there as one of the people who's already somewhat a veteran, I'm a new veteran in the past year working with you during the past year. Some people have worked longer and some people I know were brand new just being introduced to many, you know, one of your offerings. Yeah. And in fact, I would say like free to attend is a wonderful way for people who have been on the fence about working with you or just even experiencing what you do to say, well, let me just go go for it. It's a topic that I want. And wow, instead of paying for it, I get to it. So it's really a great, great intro, you know. Yeah, yeah, absolutely. And, and I was, I was really appreciative of the notion of part of what draws what has drawn me and from word in the within the community. It seems to be a common theme is the authentic part of your being an authentic marketing coach is that it comes less from an ego sort of lack consciousness of trying to get and acquire and is led more from a heart centered service consciousness of, you know, I'm here to to minister through the ways in which I'm gifted and skilled and how, how can I serve, how can I serve people. So with that said, I'm very my radar goes up when there's something that seems to fall more into the other category, when there is like, for example, false urgency, or scarcity closes and those kind of things that we've we've talked about, which I experienced to be completely absent in in what you model and what you share. What's interesting to me about the this model of free to attend pay for the replay model is it feels very congruent with coming from the heart and serving freely and without attachment. And at the same time so this is both an observation and a question at the same time. I'm aware that there might be a place inside of someone participating that some measure of FOMO might show be activated, like, well, gosh, I don't want to miss and then I don't want to miss and then have to pay. Yes, if I like, right, right. And yet at the same time, what's interesting to me is so there's there is that but at the same time, it's really feels for me in congruent and in integrity with this frame of there's no attachment. It's like the way I hear it is like, I'm going to be making a feast. Yes, I'm going to be making a feast where there's plenty for everyone to come and enjoy and be nourished. Yes. The only difference is there's going to be a feast where we're going to have the opportunity to be present live in person. And there's no charge for admission. Come enjoy the feast. Yeah, I so appreciate you saying this. Yes, I do agree that and honestly, I probably could have done a better job of how I described the whole, you know, I said on the page, the webinar registration page, you know, question is there is there going to be recording? And I said, here's how it works. If you're able to attend live and fill out the feedback form afterwards, I will send you the recording for free. Otherwise, you can buy the recording later for $30, you know, so that's how I phrased it. I could probably have done an even better job and say the reason why I'm giving it for free to those who are able to show up live is because the experience being live, in my opinion, is better. I'm not better, but it's more fun for both the attendee and for me. I really appreciate seeing people show up. So as a thank you, I'm going to send you the recording for those. And if you can fill out the feedback form at the end, I was saying, you know, so yeah, I think how we phrase that will be part of the, you know, how it shows up as an authentic and genuine expression because I really, I really so appreciate those who showed up. It was so much of a better experience. If it was just like three people who showed up, I would have felt discouraged. You know, I mean, for those who are just starting this experience, having three people show up might be great. But given that I'm used to like, oh, I want at least dozens of people I'm now spoiled, at least dozens of people to show up, then I feel like I have a crowd or something like that. But yeah, it's like at every level of our webinar development, we have a different minimum number that makes us feel like, okay, people actually showed up for this. So I just, it feels very congruent and it feels like it doesn't feel like working someone's FOMO. It feels more like, no, I'm simply offering an incentive. It just feels like it's incentivized. And even that, you still have the option to actually buy or to buy by giving a little care back, by giving some feedback. Exactly. I think I'll just say, just kind of reiterate, I think actually we need to, I kept saying that this is a webinar that's free to attend next week. You know, that's what I said when I marketed it. I think it's good to frame it that way rather than continue to, rather than in our marketing of it, to emphasize so much about the free webinar, free webinar, free webinar. I see this is a, you can even say it's a value webinar that happens to be free to attend next week, or you can buy it later. Free to attend live. Live next week. Yes. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah. Beautiful. But yeah, thank you. Thank you. And I also want to show one more thing before we finish this topic. One of the benefits is that you can get, I mean, naturally, testimonials from this. And I wasn't expecting testimonials, but it's part of my feedback form. My feedback form is says, hey, if you really love this, would you be willing to give it, you know, are you interested in giving a testimonial? And then they said yes. And some people, some people say yes. And then they give the testimonial. And then at the end of the testimonial section it says, and if you want to take it even further, you can copy and paste this onto my Facebook page so that it's a public testimonial. And so what happened was, let me show you. I'm on my Facebook page. I click on reviews, the reviews tab. I click on most recent. And look at this.   I mean, it's like usually it'll be like two, three months before I get another review on my Facebook page. And within one week, there's like a dozen. And so it's just a great way, especially for those of you who are kind of like needing to revive your Facebook page or wherever your link, you could ask for LinkedIn recommendations, you know, or whatever. LinkedIn recommendations is a little bit harder. People have to like connect with you and everything. Or you could simply gather testimonials for your web page or for your website rather. So anyway, so that's that.


Rail transport is means of transferring of passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, also known as tracks. It is also commonly referred to as train transport. In contrast to road transport, where vehicles run on a prepared flat surface, rail vehicles rolling stop are directionally guided by the tracks on which they run. Tracks usually consist of steel rails, installed on ties sleepers and ballast, on which the rolling stock, usually fitted with metal wheels, moves. Other variations are also possible, such as slab track, where the rails are fastened to a concrete foundation resting on a prepared subsurface. Rolling stock and a rail transport system generally encounters lower functional resistance than road vehicles, so passenger and freight cars, carriages and wagons can be coupled into longer trains. The operation is carried out by a railway company, providing transport between train stations or freight customer facilities. Power is provided by locomotives which either draw electric power from a railway electrification system or produce their own power, usually by diesel engines. Most tracks are accompanied by a signalling system. Railways are a safe land transport system when compared to other forms of transport.NB1 railway transport is capable of high levels of passenger and cargo utilization and energy efficiency, but is often less flexible and more capital intensive than road transport, when lower traffic levels are considered. The oldest known, man-slash-animal hulled railways date back to the 6th century BC in Corinth, Greece. Rail transport then commenced in mid-16th century in Germany in the form of horse-powered finiculars and wagon-ice. Modern rail transport commenced with the British development of the steam locomotives in the early 19th century. Thus the railway system in Great Britain is the oldest in the world. Built by George Stevenson and his son Robert's company Robert Stevenson & Company, the locomotion number one is the first steam locomotive to carry passengers on a public rail line, the Stockton & Darlington Railway in 1825. George Stevenson also built the first public intercity railway line in the world to use only the steam locomotives all the time, the Liverpool & Manchester Railway which opened in 1830. With steam engines, one could construct mainline railways, which were a key component of the Industrial Revolution. Also, railways reduced the costs of shipping, and allowed for fewer lost goods, compared with water transport, which faced occasional sinking of ships. The change from kindails to railways allowed for national markets in which prices varied very little from city to city. The spread of the railway network and the use of railway timetables, led to the standardization of time railway time in Britain based on Greenwich Mean Time. Prior to this, major towns and cities varied their local time relative to GMT. The invention and development of the railway in the United Kingdom was one of the most important technological inventions of the 19th century. The world's first underground railway, the Metropolitan Railway part of the London Underground opened in 1863. In the 1880s, electrified trains were introduced, leading to electrification of tramways and rapid transit systems. Starting during the 1940s, the non-electrified railways in most countries had their steam locomotives replaced by diesel electric locomotives, with the process being almost complete by the 2000s. During the 1960s, electrified high-speed railway systems were introduced in Japan and later in some other countries. Many countries are in the process of replacing diesel locomotives with electric locomotives, mainly due to environmental concerns, a notable example being Switzerland, which has completely electrified its network. Other forms of guided-ground transport outside the traditional railway definitions, such as monorail or magleaf, have been tried but have seen limited use. Following the decline after World War II due to competition from cars, rail transport has had the revival in recent decades due to road congestion and rising fuel prices, as well as governments investing in rail as a means of reducing co-2 emissions in the context of concerns about global warming.


Hello, I am Ashley. Today we will be exploring iMovie trailers on the iPad. It is a digital tool that can be used to allow students to show their work in a fun and creative way. We will start by opening the iMovie app. Here is where you will find all of your projects that you have worked on. To begin click the plus sign. For this tutorial we will be working on the trailer. You will see on the bottom all of the different themes to choose from. You can click on them and press play to hear the music and see if this is the right theme for your task. Once you have decided click create. This is the screen where you will decide everything about your project. The first part is the outline. This is where you will name your trailer and give credit to the people making this trailer. You can type it in any of the boxes to change what it says. The second part is the storyboard. On all of the blue lines you can change what it says. Each box is where you will need to add a picture or video. Keep in mind the time on the box. For example, the first box has 3.3 seconds. So don't put a video that is 12 seconds because it won't show the entire thing. I will click in all and see all of my photos and I can just keep clicking the photos in any order and it will automatically add them to all of the different spaces that need the pictures. I can also click inside these blue lines and I can change anything that it says on here. Once I have completed all of the pieces I can go ahead and click done. This page will give you the option to share, edit, put it in the trash or watch it full screen. If you click projects on the top it will automatically save any project that you have done on this device. So to recap, iMovie can help with being creative when your students aren't quite sure where to begin. Thanks for watching. Don't forget to check out our other resources.


hello everyone today I'm answering an important question that I get all the time is that why is my blood sugar going up or why does the blood sugar spike during exercise so that's a common question especially among athletic patients or patients who are trying their best and trying to get their heart rate up trying to do some intense or increasing their intensity of exercise and they end up finding themselves with high blood sugar that that has been a moral common of a problem because people started noticing that when they started using their CGMs and like Libre or Dexcom and that became a common question so I'm Dr. Ahmed Ergin I'm an endocrinologist practicing in Florida today we are going over the reasons for blood sugar spike when you exercise let's get started so basically today we are talking about why sugars are running high when you're exercising well a couple things you need to know some other hormones other than insulin that deals with the blood sugar levels now what are these other hormones we have cortisol right we have adrenaline these are the two major stress hormones that do not get along with your insulin not that they're not getting along they're made for a reason the cortisol's job is to provide glucose to your body in the time of stress because you may not find food it may not be readily available to you your body doesn't really know that you're in Himalayas and climbing at a mountain versus you are at the gym in a comfortable AC condition you know that you're just trying to run something you know something some exercise so your body is trying to get that cortisol running to you to make sure that you do not run out of sugar now when your insulin resistant the cortisol's effect is doubled or tripled and then your poor insulin trying to catch up with it is probably not going to be able to do a good job just because there's a lot of cortisol in your system your muscles are eating up trying to eat up a lot sugar and your body is trying to you know create stress response if your body is creating more sugar than the your muscles are picking up you are going to end up with a flood of glucose coming from your liver primarily due to gluconeogenesis due to this cortisol same thing happens with adrenaline again adrenaline is the fight or flight response with your with your exercise again your body doesn't know if you're running away from a lion or you're just running for fun so in any case you're creating a lot of adrenaline now the problem is the adrenaline and the cortisol when they get together they become a badass team they can really spike your blood sugar so as a result when you are at the gym or doing something outside and you're under stress under Sun or something sometimes those triggers anything that's stressful you are gonna see if you end up taking a finger stick or if you're just monitoring your blood sugar on your cgm you're gonna see that your blood sugar is climbing unless it was kind of on the very low side to begin with but it tends to climb especially with the high intensity exercise same thing with growth hormone growth hormone also kicks in which is good in the long run because growth hormone will help your body to burn fat in the long run but but in the short run you know during acute stress even growth hormone kicking in will create the blood sugar elevation so guys I hope that helps about the good thing is the good thing after all the stress is over your body learns to deal with stress right this short episodes of stress to your body is a good thing but the chronic stress is not a good thing right this short episode of stress teaches your body to prepare for the future so now your body is going to handle your blood sugars better after a few hours you will see that your blood sugars are going down now actually you have to be watching the low blood sugars especially if you are on certain medications like insulin or insulin producing agents you may have to watch out your blood sugars down the road and the effect of that exercise can last up to 24 hours so you have to be careful in terms of you know like a my blood sugar went up to 250 you know I will not worry about this is already high no you may find yourself being down to 50 in a few hours so guys I hope that helps and if it does please give a thumbs up share and like this video we'll see in the next one hey guys I hope you're enjoying this channel so far and I hope you subscribed already if you didn't do it and if you did watch this video right there I think that will help you too


Good morning and welcome to the Stanford carbon management workshop on natural climate solutions. My name is Sarah Salzer and I'm the managing director of the Stanford carbon removal initiative and I'll be your host for this event. I'd like to start by asking everyone to mute their microphones if they've not done so already. The goal of the workshop is to create a dialogue which will allow us to identify gaps and opportunities for research, as well as to come up with technologies and our creative solutions that can bring about further reductions in atmospheric CO2. Yesterday we had some great talks and some of the take home messages included soils hold large quantities of carbon and there are opportunities to increase soil carbon sequestration with many co benefits requiring no new land and using affordable known technologies. Policy movement on forest based natural climate solutions is happening. We need to take a broad system several view of the climate related impact of forest ecosystems and the forest sector. Measurement and monitoring are definitely key uncertainties high throughput remotely sensed and model based quantification are definitely ways forward. It might be possible to partner with private sector to develop new technologies and protocols. We need to avoid unrealistic assumptions when we're scaling up from local to global agricultural natural climate solution potential. We need to be wary of policy and social feedbacks. The price on carbon could cause great pressures on land conversion for biomass and subsequent food price increases. We need to increase the integrate these factors into models and design guardrails for net zero policies. I'm certain that these themes will come up again during our presentations today. This theme is carbon management and mitigation strategies and the objective is to look at creative ways to manage carbon and influence the global carbon cycle through research technologies and start smart business or management strategies.


This is great! A GOP guest on Meet the Press rightly calls out the Democrats' voting right push as total Kabuki theater, to which the host Chuck Todd, whose wife receives millions of dollars from the Democrat Party, sits there uncomfortably squirming during his brutal education. Okay, I think, uh, first of all, overwhelmingly, you know, it's easier to vote in the United States than it ever has been. And so much of the rhetoric around voting rights is really about animating the Democratic base. Americans overwhelmingly support voter ID. Getting an ID is easy in the United States, and it's also free if you can't afford it. And so, you know, so much of this is about mobilizing the base. And I think for most Americans, particularly independent Americans, they recognize that. I don't, this is an issue that's not going to pass, and I think that this is just about the base. And I've got to get in here, Chuck. I've got to get in here, Chuck. It is not that easy to vote in America. If you were to happen to look like me, it's not easy to vote in America if you happen to look like me.


Let's start our discussion of sorting by introducing an algorithm or a method to shuffle an array into some random order. What we're going to do is we're going to take this array of countries, which happens to be in alphabetical order. We'll shuffle it and then print it out. And then we're going to sort it back into order using the selection sort and print it out again. So that's the plan. And here's the pseudo code for the shuffle algorithm. What we're going to do is we're going to have for each index I so that means for it is zero. Oh, we're guess we're going to have to have the name of an array here, aren't we. So we're going to have a string array called elements or call it array. Let's call it ARR. That'll work. Work just as well. Where I is less than array dot length. And we go to the next one. Now we need to choose a random number, which means, which means we need a random number generator. And we've imported Java dot util dot random. So let's create a random generator is going to be a new random number generator. And then what we're going to do is int position is going to be generator dot next int array dot length. And the next entity gives from zero up to but not including the number you give, which is exactly what the pseudo code says we're supposed to do. And then we're going to swap position I and the randomly chosen element. So that means we're going to say string temporary becomes array sub I. Now that we've saved it we can wipe it out and put in the array at our random position. The array at the random position becomes the temporary string that we had. This is going to shuffle the array in place. It's not going to create a new array. That's why it's a void method. Let's compile that and see what happens when we do that. Well, that's exciting. Oh, okay, let's see what's going on your non static method. Yes, I forgot to call it static. And then I also forgot to put in our selection sort. I'm going to put in a placeholder. It's also going to be void. And we'll call it selection sort. And it's going to take an array of strings. And for now, we'll just say, leave the array unchanged for now. And in fact, let's comment this out so that we don't have to see things twice. Yeah. Now it's compile. That's much better and we execute it. Sure enough that we have it in a totally different order that is absolutely not alphabetical. If we were to run this again, we get a completely different set of country order. So good, we can shuffle things. Hooray. Now the question is how does the selection sort work. And this has gone over in the book and I also have a video. There's a million videos for selection sort. So I'm going to go through this rather quickly. Here's the idea. I'm going to start at index number zero. And then I'm going to find the smallest item in the array. The smallest item in the array is ant. I'm going to switch ant with position zero. Now ant is in the correct position and I move on to cat. Starting there, I go and find the smallest element in the array, which is B. And then swap those. B is now in the correct position. I move forward to dog and starting from dog. I want to find the smallest element from dog on towards the end. And that is cat. I swap cat and dog. Then I proceed to Fox. And from there I find the smallest item, the smallest item is dog. I switch dog and Fox. And then that's starting at Fox going to the end of the array. Find the smallest item, which happens to be elk. And switch them. And since I'm at the last item. It must be in the correct place. So here I have everything in the correct order. So that's the idea. And in fact, that is exactly what I have done here. I've put this here so that I can remind myself how this works. Here's what we're going to do. We're going to say for its starting position is zero. Start less than array dot length minus one. Why? Because when we get to the array length minus one, the last one is going to be in the correct place. We don't have to move it. And we're going to have start plus plus. Now we're going to need two variables. We're going to need a string called the minimum value. And we're also going to need an integer, which is the minimum index. Where did we find this minimum value? Here's what we're going to do. We're going to take the starting point as our minimum value that guarantees that we are at least going to have something that's in the array. And also the place where we're starting might just happen to be the smallest item. So our string min value is going to be. Array sub start. And the index where we have our current minimum value is also start. Now I need another loop. I'm going to say. Let's call it the find a position. And we're going to start at start plus one. Find less than array dot length. Because we have to go all the way to the end this time. When we're trying to find the smallest item, we have to include the last one. And then find a plus plus. Okay. If the array. Item that we're looking at. Is less than. The. Array than our initial. Yes. Well, no, I'm sorry. This is not what we want to compare it to. We want to compare it to the minimum value. So. I'm going to let's go back and look at the diagram here. Essentially, let's say I'm at dog. I want to look at Fox and say is Fox less than dog. No. Is cat less than dog? Yes, it is. That becomes our new minimum. Is elk less than cat? No, it isn't. And therefore cat is our minimum. So if I find something is less than my minimum value so far. Then that's going to become my new minimum value. And the index where I found it is going to be at. That position when I'm done with this loop. I've guaranteed to have the minimum value in min value and the minimum index in. Min index. Now I can switch those around. And we're going to have a string called temporary, which is going to hold our minimum value. And then we're going to say. Let's do it with indexes. That means my array at the minimum index can now get wiped out. Because I've saved it away. And that's going to be the array at our starting position. And the array at our starting position is going to become the temporary. And that should do it. Let's compile this and see if I have any typing errors here. And now comes the big test to see if it works properly. Well, the reason it's not working properly is because I didn't uncomment this. It would be nice to. Nice to uncomment this so we can actually execute the method. Wouldn't it be? And sure enough, everything. Which we shuffled into a random order has now been sorted into the correct order. Let me just check something here real quick. Did I create a file for this or not? No, I didn't. Okay. The selection sort is. So I'm going to take an algorithm with a big O notation of order of N squared. That is the time it takes to sort. Is proportional. To the square of the number of items. So a list 10 times as long. We'll take up on. On the order of. 100 times as long to sort. Why is that? Because we have two loops here. This loop goes through essentially N times. And this one also goes through.  So it's going to be N squared iterations through the loop. Now, if you have a. Small. Number of items such as this one here. The selection sort isn't that bad. If we had an array of, let's say 20,000 items, then selection sort would not be what we want. We would want to go to something a little more efficient, such as the merge sort. And I'm not going to cover merge sort. It's in the book. If you skip reading it, that's perfectly fine. It's not going to appear on the test anyway. But it's worth knowing about. So skim it. And if you get totally lost, don't worry, it's okay. So there is our selection sort. There are all sorts of other sorting algorithms that you can use. With more efficiency than selection sort. But the nice thing about selection sort is it's fairly. Direct to understand. Let's see. Let's have a go through its paces. So we can see what's going on. Let's save this as selection sort example two.  And I'm going to do that example that I had in the slides. So we're going to have ant, the cat, dog, and we'll shuffle our animals and sort them. Let's put in some debug output so that we can see what's going on. What about that? And then we'll have current minimum is then in our inner loop, what I'm going to do is every time I find something that has to swap. Every time I find a new minimum, I'm going to tell it, tell us that. So system to add on print line of is plus. I'm putting some extra blanks in there so we can see that indented. And then once we're out of that, what we're going to do is we're going to say system dot print line of swap plus index plus start. We'll print out the arrays so we can see what the result is. And we're going to use arrays dot string. And then we definitely need an extra blank line in there for readability. So let's compile all of that. And now let's run it so we can see what's actually going on. So here we have and the dog fox cat. I guess I'd better. That's interesting. Huh. This is really weird. Oh, no, it shuffled them, but it didn't shuffle them very well. Okay, they're almost still all in order. Let's try again here, shall we? Okay, that's a lot better. So starting position moves to zero, the current minimum is be the new minimum after we go through our loop as aunt at location one. And so we're going to swap be an aunt. And we did not get the result there. Why? Oh, because I have done something very silly. That's why I printed this out. Before I did the swap, I have to print it out. After I do the swap. There that'll bell work a lot better. So sometimes you have to debug your code that you put in for debugging. Okay. Our current minimum is dog. The new minimum, it found be, but then it found aunt at location five. So it swaps dog and aunt. And sure enough, aunt and dog are now swapped. Now we're starting position moves to one. Where we have Fox. And the new minimum will be be at location two. And that's the minimum of all of them. So we'll swap be and Fox. And that's what we end up with. Starting position moves to Fox. The new minimum is cat at index three. And we'll swap Fox and cat, which gives cat and Fox in the right order. Now we're going to go to position four. Three, excuse me, the current minimum is now Fox. And I look as less than Fox. So that's our new minimum. And that dog is less than elk. So that becomes our new minimum. And we're going to switch dog and Fox. And here the starting position moves to four. The current minimum is elk. And we're swapping it with itself, which is a little bit ugly. So we're wasting a little bit of effort. Because elk is the minimum. And we really don't have to move it at all. Shall we put in some code to optimize that or not? Sure, why not? So here what I want to say is. If the minimum index. Is not equal to our starting one. In other words, if we found something different than our starting one, then we have to swap them. Otherwise there's no need to swap. Because we're switching it with itself. And that is a very tiny optimization, whether it's worth it to do that and whether it increases readability, I'm not sure, but I should probably put in a comment here on this one. Yeah. So swap minimum with current. Start position. But only if the minimum. Isn't already the starting position. And that is the selection sort. And I think I'm going to call it a day for chapter 13 here. I don't think there's anything else that I need to really talk about here. Um, you can read about the decks and merging and. Well, it's like for a quick static context. I think I talked about those earlier. Namely static methods belong to the class as a whole. You don't need an instance to do them. I'm not going to do a mini lecture tomorrow. I'll continue on next week with chapter 14. Well, okay. I take that back. Chapter 14 has a lot of extremely important stuff in it. Namely inheritance. And also in the book. There's a lot of stuff to cover. So once again, I think I'm going to get a head start on chapter 14 and start covering some of that. Tomorrow in a mini lecture. But that's it for tonight. See y'all online.


Okay, it's always running. Good. So our next speaker is Shupan Badia, who has been a great supporter of the project for a long time, involved as a developer, involved in many different layers, also helped just like SubTag to deploy the project here and run Eventier, so we have a great system here to use at the first Azure Summit. And maybe know before you start what's your background, where you are from, and like from India, apparently, but whereabouts in India, with the university and so on, what's your background? I'm from Rajkot, Gujarat, in India, and I study at TripleIT, Alabad, that's in the east of India. Actually, you have your microphone for yourself. So yeah, thank you very much, and you talk us about convention over configuration of the event in JSON API. Thank you very much, and here are you. Good morning, everybody. I'll be mainly talking about... One, two, three, John. Test, test, test, yeah. So I'll be mainly talking about why we use the JSON API spec. Myself, Shubham, I did GSoc last summer with FOSS Asia under the open event project. I was also a GCM mentor for FOSS Asia last year, and I was one of the grand prize winner of Code Heat conducted last year. So as Saptak described, the API we had in the old system had some basic functionalities like the basic authentication, role-based control.  So although we had an API, we went using it in the front end to make requests and retrieve data. The API was actually built separately as a way for third party applications to plug in into open event and fetch the data. So as it was not well used in the first iteration, the API was not very well developed. Only a few accrued operations were there and all the information was not available. We used the SwaggerDocs for displaying the documentation. Although SwaggerDocs generally follow the open API specification, we didn't adhere to any structure at all. So it was just some JSON structure responses at that time. So what we first needed was proper relationship definitions. We started looking out for API specification and the first thing was because we have a lot of roles. Like you have an organizer, co-organizer, track moderator, registrar, and each track has multiple sessions. Each room has multiple sessions. So there are a lot of relationships. And it becomes quite convoluted to code it in via a regular JSON framework. Another thing we wanted built in was sorting, filtering, and pagination. So JSON API. So JSON API is a specification for how the client should request the resources and how the server should respond. It minimizes the number of requests and gives a focus on caching the data so that you don't have to regularly keep making requests to the server. Why JSON API? JSON API follows the convention over configuration ideology. A convention over configuration means there's a convention at place which you have to follow. There's no other option. You cannot configure things, but that doesn't mean that you lose the flexibility of the API. It reduces the number of choices a developer has to make and eases the collaboration in a team. See, a falsity of projects usually have a large number of contributors. We participate in GCI, GSOC, and students come, contribute for a month or two, sometimes maybe more, and they go back. So we need to make sure that all the API written follows a certain specification. It's hard to collaborate if we're following a random structure without adhering to any specification. One of the major advantages of JSON API are compound documents. So it allows related resources to be included alongside the HDP request. So in a normal API, if you're requesting a track data, so you only get that track only. But with JSON API, you can include these sessions related to the track, and you can also page in at that. So only a number of, say, first five sessions will be included in the track. It could decrease the number of necessary STTP requests. For example, if you have a post management system, so your post can include the author object. So the author's user profile will be included along with the post, as far as field sets. So we have, actually, for any normal event, we have 25 to 30 fields for a single event. If you fill out the whole form, we have 25 to 30 fields. And the front end may not need them all at some point of time. So you can specify which fields to include by that type, like fields, articles, equals to title. So only the title will come, and the body will come. Nothing else will come. This is a normal JSON API response. There's every JSON API response has a data JSON object in the root, and this one is when we include an object. So there's this article, and the included author, who has the type people, the ID, and their attributes. So with a single request, I can fetch the author, and there's much less request overhead. This is the example of pagination. So there are lots of articles in the event management system. Then the links of the current article that you're retrieving, the first of that collection, and the previous and the next will be displayed along with that. The document must contain one of these three, the data, if errors, if any present, and the meta part. If, yeah. Handphone right now. Okay. Okay. No, no, they're previous. So it doesn't overlap the cable, okay? No, I understand. Satyak, are you okay? No, I'm okay. We just cut this out of the video. Maybe we should hit somebody who shouldn't overlap the cables because they're different receivers. Okay, sure. So I'll be continuing with the document structure. If there's any error, the error is also a JSON object, and an error response should not have a data root in that response. The document may contain one of the following. JSON API root that describes which version of the API using like v1, v2, v3, you can define it on your own. The links that are used in pagination, the self, previous, next, last, and first. Included mentions the included related object that you've used. This is one other example of the JSON API response. So what do we use to display this JSON API into the documentation? So API Blueprint is an API. API Description Language for JSON API specifically. This is an example of our generated documentation. We use AG-LIO for rendering the API Blueprint file. It's a single file and you mention all the fields and the type of the data that they should have like integer, string, and here is the description of the user's API. So we first mention what the API does, what all fields are there, and then as you can see here, all the methods of the API will be listed like list all users, create users, get the rates. All this is auto generated on every Travis build that we make. You can also check a simple request and a response via the show hide button that AG-LIO provides with itself. So an API is only good as a documentation. If you don't document what your API is doing, it's of no use because our API is a public one. It's mainly dependent on that. So how do we check if the API follows the standard that we have mentioned? To check if the API follows the standard and the API is updated with every pull request. So if you make a new pull request and if you don't include the documentation, the build will fail and it'll tell you to add the documentation for that. If you change anything in an existing API in the response structure, the build for that pull request will also fail and it'll tell you to include the change in your documentation. So our documentation is always updated. So Dread is a command line tool for validating the API blueprint document against our backend implementation. So how does Dread work? So Dread basically runs the application. Ours is a Flask application. It runs the application and it starts making the request mentioned in the API blueprint file one by one to the server. Whatever response it gets, it checks the validation, whether it's compliant to the GSE and APS specification or not. If it's compliant with the GSE and APS specification, the next step it checks whether it complies with the existing written documentation. So this is a pull request for that feature. We've used Flask with JSON API to as a framework for the JSON API specification. So what we wanted, one of the thing that was there that our data table architecture and the response that we give may vary a great deal. We wanted a framework which doesn't need to be coded that much in a sense that you mention the fields matching the table and you can have an API ready a post API ready and all the API ready for that. After you mentioned that post and get specification, you can link it to the existing function we already had for working on the post data or the delete request and the raw. We didn't want to expose all attributes of table. Some attributes were internal. We wanted to compute additional attributes like non-existing attributes too. We have a statistics API which tells you how many events are in the whole system, how many tracks are there, how many tracks have been accepted, rejected and how many speakers have been accepted, rejected. All of that which is public can be available and other can be available via the JWT authentication for the admin users. It also enables us to create a resource that uses data from multiple data storage. So right now we do have a single DB but we may in future we may be using multiple database and moving to more service oriented architecture. So this helps in complying with that. Flask raise JSON API as Saptak explained in the diagram in the previous presentation it's a crude interface between the resource manager and your data. So the basic functionality like deleting a resource. I don't need to write any code for that if I'm not doing anything additional then deleting the resource. So I mentioned the fields that are required and based on that ID the field will be deleted. We have some permission which we specify along with this specification to make sure that a non-authorized user doesn't delete any data he or she is not supposed to access. So that's all for this JSON API specification. Any questions? How many of your APIs are just data access players and crude APIs? How many more applications are there? Most of 50 to 60% of our API are basic crude applications and the application logic in them as in a crude application I'm saying the application logic in them is common like if you delete a track or if you delete a session all the related resource with it will be unlocked in a post-quest database and it will just be deleted. This is called soft-delete which we modified the Flash Regression API we made a fork of it and we modified it to include that So soft-delete just includes deleted at timestamp if the timestamp is there the object has been soft-deleted otherwise it has been not soft-deleted. You can mention it via a query param if soft-delete is no then the recording will be permanently deleted. Any other questions? Sorry, I don't have any idea about it. The main thing in the decision making for the JSON API process that we decided to actually use Ember for the function and Ember has a great support for Ember data Ember data is a JSON API adapter So the real reason for initial reason for using the JSON API specification was that we are going to use Ember on the function and we need it Thank you very much