Welcome everybody to this NH webinar digital online geoscience communication. This seminar has been organized by the natural hazard early career scientists team of EGU. Very briefly I'm going to introduce our group. The natural hazard early career scientists team is is a very active team inside the European geophysical union. We do a lot of interesting activities together. Some of them have been reported here in this slide we call organized sessions short courses and activities during the general assembly. We have a very interesting blog that I think that also one of our speakers going to introduce you today. We meet on our Slack platform to do some networking to share job opportunities to discuss together about potential collaboration to share our knowledge in our personal knowledge regarding natural hazard. And last but not least, we organize a lot of interesting outreach activities such as this webinar that we are organizing today. Of course, if you're interested in joining us, we are really happy to welcome everyone interested in this field. And to join us you have just to send an email to this address that is ecs-nh at egu.eu. So let's start with this seminar I'm really happy to have ER3 special guest today. We have Julia Roder, Iris Van Zelsen, Roberto Guardo. For any question, please use the Q&A chat, the dedicated chat, we are going to collect all your questions and then at the end of the presentations we have a very dedicated session in which the different speakers can reply to all your questions. So I leave the floor to the first speaker today that is Julia Roder. Julia is a postdoc at the University of Woodinay in Italy, where she studies the economic and non-economic value of water. In the past she joined the Institute for the Advanced Study of Sustainability at the UN University in Tokyo, Japan, working on water sustainability and policies. She has a PhD from the University of Padua, making a thesis on floods and human interactions. She joined our group, the EGU Early Careist Scientist Group of the NIH Division in 2017, so almost at its beginning. Since then she has been contributing a lot to the blog and to all the activities of the group, including the organization of these outreach activities. I'm really happy to leave the floor to Julia for the first presentation, talks about the Natural Hazards, the EGU blog. Thank you very much, Silvia. I'm going to share my screen. Okay, so I'm really glad to kick off this webinar regarding geoscience communication. First of all, I really would like to start speaking about our Netra Hazard Division blog that has been launched on December 2017. And up to now it counts six people that are posting every two weeks almost on a rotational basis, plus some guest authors that are publishing once in a year or once in their academic life. So we're approaching a broad geoscience community with different type of posts. So we have selected so far interviews, posts about Netra Hazards event, so just concentrating on single events and this description of them in a more scientific but also in a broader and informal way. We have started a Netra Hazard 101 series, so our aim was to give some basic definitions of the most important concepts and avoid the misinterpretation on the use of these terminologies. We liked to share our life in academia but also it struggles and some tips for success. So one month ago, for example, we published a post regarding how to write a scientific paper. One of the most important part also on blogging is the advertisement. In fact, we use Twitter, Facebook and LinkedIn. And as we are a group hosted by EGU, we are retweeted and reshared by the Netra Hazard Division, the EGU but also on our personal accounts. So let's see how you can start blogging by your own. Of course, first you have to understand which is the motivation behind your desire to blog. So you have to understand whether you want to share your own research or research topic in a broader sense, whether you prefer to network and make yourself more visible, or to communicate geoscience because you are in love with science overall so you wanted to share it broadly. There are different types of posts you can offer. Again, you can select to offer your own research but of course be aware that can be limited. You can share uninterested publication, an interview or someone you would like to network with or someone working on a hot topic. For example, in our blog we have interviewed a group that has been arguing a lot about the natural disaster definition. Of course, our academic life is struggling so even sharing our personal experience might be an idea or to share geoscience fun facts. So we are approaching to a wider audience and the lay public so we are not approaching to our peers. When choosing the format, of course, there are different styles and different word limits in accordance so you can go for short posts that are up to 500 words. They are less detailed. They are much more general in their content and you can put a lot of images but be aware about a copyright of them. Then you can select long posts. Of course, I wouldn't exceed 1500 words. They are much more details and they can offer a more specialized overview about the topic you have been interested to. On the other side you can go for interviews. They are quite personal, less scientific, quite easy to read from the reader point of view. And of course they can take a different time for you to write them because you can really interview the people in a normal form or you can let them reply to your questions in a written form. At least you can write opinion posts. Of course, for the nature of these kind of formats, they are very subjective and humor and sarcasm are really acceptable. In all the cases, I would advise to give a personal touch to everything because there are a lot of blogs out there and we need to be original. Of course, depending on your aim and motivation, your audience differs because you can relate to a broader community of peers, so only just scientists and scientists related to your field of research. A more lay public, a general public, so you need even to be careful about the language you are using, or specific groups, for example, high school students. As I said, the language is essential. So, of course, if you select English that is the most common language we can use in the internet, of course you are going to reach a wider audience, but sometimes it's much more comfortable for someone to use the mother tongue. In general, I would suggest avoiding using the jargon, so try to use alternatives or provide some examples of what you're writing, for example, by creating some boxes in your posts. What I would like even to say is talk simple but not simplistic, so people, especially the lay public, need to understand that you are doing something really complex because science is really complex and complicated, but you have to explain it in a simple way. And of course, use an inclusive language that English somehow can really help in using an inclusive language. Of course, we were a team and there are a lot of pros and cons in publishing as a team. If you can imagine, of course, you can reach support by your peers, you can have feedback and discussion. And regarding the visibility, you can really jump quite fast because you have a lot of posts in a limited time, and you are sharing the burden and the time investment is very little at the very beginning. Of course, the cons are regarding some conflicts that may originate regarding the style or the content, and of course you have less freedom to choose. In our case, of course, we need to stick even on easier rules because we are hosted by them. If you fly solo, of course, you have complete freedom in all your choices on your topics on your style, but of course the time investments is really high, and it takes a little bit of time to start and to grow and to advertise yourself in this regard. Some more tips I want to share with you is that readers sometimes are quite tired in reading blogs because there are a lot out there, so you need to be catchy. And of course, the first thing that they are reading is the title, so really just provide an explosive and really catchy title of your posts. In the same way, you have to use spaces, bold italics and keywords in order to catch their attention, but also because if you use keywords is really much important, and it's quite easy to find your post while someone is doing a web search on the internet. Again, as I said before, if you're using images, just be aware and pay attention to the copyright, because not everything that you find in your browser search can be reused without permission, and there are some websites that allow you to have some pictures without any copyright. If you fly solo, of course, you need a friend or a peer who is reading over your post before publishing, that is a good exercise for you, but also because you have a feedback of someone external from your field, and keep an eye on the analytics. So as we are all researchers, we do like statistics a lot. Of course, they are not essential, but can help you to tailor your content, but also check your performance and your audience. So what we have achieved so far is that by looking at matomo statistics, we grew up a lot, and not only we expanded out from Europe, so we are very glad that we reach India and the Philippines and Japan a lot, so we are reaching Asian countries as well. And we have also changed our content because we have seen that the 101 series was much more catchy than other type posts because of course they are much more reachable in the search net because of keywords. We are using matomo and not Google analytics because of some privacy data that are released by those websites. So 10 minutes are really short time, so I hope I have gave you a little bit some tips for writing and starting your blog. If you want to know more, there is this fantastic short course called science blogging for beginners available for free on the YouTube channel, so check it out. So if you want to give it a try on our Netra Hoser blog, just write to us as ecs-nh at egu.eu. We will really eager to welcome on board. Thank you. Thank you very much, Julia for your presentation. I hope that there will be time at the end to discuss some questions with you two. So now I would like to leave the floor to our second presenter today. It is Wanzel, is a postdoc at the German Aerospace Center in Berlin where she studies the evolution of Venus. She worked on subduction and earthquake dynamics at the University of Leeds and ETH Zurich. She's a very active in the egu community, in particular at the geodynamic division where she's editor in chief of the blog. But the reason for which in particular today it is easier is because she started a YouTube channel at the beginning of 2021 to shed light on what life is like as a postdoc. And for her science sisters interview series on YouTube, she recently won the AGU sharing science grant, and she won the 2021 AGU public engagement grant to develop an educational card game about the geological time scale. So we are really happy to have Iris today here with us. I leave you the floor for your presentation. Thank you very much. Thank you very much for having me here and inviting me. I'm very excited. I hope you can see this. What is this about? Well, I wanted to give you some hands-on tips on how to start vlogging, spoiler, the answer is just do it. That's really all there is to it. And yeah, I'm going to be giving you very specific examples from my experience. It's probably going to be a bit cringy, but you know, it's vlogging. Also, when I talk about vlogging, video blogging, it has this connotation that it is, you know, a person talking into a camera about themselves. I don't necessarily mean that I also mean any kind of video you might want to make really. So that's what we're talking about today. So vlogging is in my world at least kind of associated with YouTube. That's where you upload your videos. So how do you start a YouTube channel? Well, step one is have a basic plan. Doesn't have to be very complicated, but try and answer the following questions for yourself. What is your goal? Who is your target audience? What kind of videos do you want to make? And how often do you want to make a video? And I am now immediately, shamelessly going into the self-promotion in order to answer these questions myself, because as mentioned, I have a YouTube channel. This is kind of the weird stuff that I do. This is the link. And to kind of guide you through this, I will answer these questions for myself. The goal that I have is to entertain people. You know, I want people to watch it and it shouldn't feel like work. It should just be something fun that it put up. But it still is about science, but it shouldn't feel like work. And I want to show what life as a researcher is like, because I was missing that I wanted to see another postdoc struggling in academia. And there wasn't one that I could find. So, you know, I became that person. And I wanted to start honest conversations about academia and all the weird things that are here. My target audience, therefore, since I'm making something that I would like to see, is you guys, basically young academic professionals, PhDs and postdocs, kind of, you know, at the beginning of their academic career. And also, as I'm, you know, educating people on what life as a researcher is like, prospective academic students that are interested in maybe going into science or going to the university. And then to a lesser extent the general public to show what life is like at university. The kind of videos that I wanted to make our sketches and skits and kind of comedy things on academic life. I wanted to make a postdoc vlogs once a month to show what I've been doing as a month as opposed to like what you do in a month. And then science sisters, which is an interview series where I have a guest on the show, and we talk about something that is wrong in academia basically. And I wanted to make videos once a week. So those are my answers. Okay, so I've taught you that have this basic plan but how do you actually do it. That's very simple answer. Just do it. And I'm serious, just start and start for the right reasons because, you know, starting a YouTube channel for the fame or the money is probably not going to get you anywhere because you will not get famous. And you will not make money, at least I don't I lose money. Very regularly, all the time. So, the reasons I started doing it, because I wanted to learn a new skill I wanted to learn how to do video editing, and how to produce videos and the only thing to learn that is by doing.  So you might as well get them over with as soon as possible so just just do it. And along the way you'll get better. And I also wanted to have a creative outlet.  So that is why I do it. And to show you that just do it really is what I did. This is the thumbnail of my ever first YouTube video that I uploaded. And I started to think seriously about this and, well, let's just see how it started it's about me reviewing scratch continental crack up which is an Ice Age, comedy skit, and seeing if there's any mistakes in it from a scientific point of view. Hello, and welcome.  Hello to me this is very cringy choices were made. Yeah, it's not my best work funnily enough though it is the second most viewed video on my YouTube channel with over 2000 views, just not something I necessarily want but you know, a bangers can be chooses. Yeah, there were definite mistakes but along the way you'll learn right so you know, you can start at cringy it's fine. In terms of equipment. The golden rule is, don't take all my money, it might be very tempting if you want to start that you're like oh I need a fancy camera, I need fancy microphone. No, you don't need that. Whatever I filmed here was, you know, filmed with no fancy microphone or whatever. So, and it's the video like one of the videos that's done the best on my channel so it really doesn't matter. What people do in most cases, if you are really eager to invest in something. Maybe start with a microphone because people's ears are more easily offended than their eyes. So it might seem counterintuitive but the microphone is the better choice to invest in first and then you know maybe a camera but really not necessary. Okay, so we've been talking about this, still haven't told you how to make a video. So I'm going to do that now. So how to make video, three steps, pre production, production, post production, and we'll go through them right now pre production, start with the idea, have an idea of what you want to film what you want to do. And, and then, if that idea involves collaborators reach out to them, and the golden rule here is fortune favors the bold. And, besides friends and colleagues that I wanted to have on that interview series, I of course also wanted someone that I didn't know, and I thought was quite famous so this is Simon Clark. He's a big YouTuber and my eyes with over 350,000 subscribers, which is way more than my 200. So, I just reached out to him on Twitter, and he said yes of course I'll join your interview. Golden rule, just ask fortune favors the bold. And, you know, the worst thing that could happen is that you either don't get a reply, or someone says no thank you. Both cases, absolutely fine so it can be very scary but put your hesitation and shyness aside, and just reach out to people. I wanted the other way if people reached out to you, you know, to talk about something that you're passionate about of course you would say yes, because you're excited about it you want to talk about it so don't feel shy about that. Yeah, but we're not going to talk about this particular video in order to illustrate the production process. We're going to talk about this. This postdoc in the bedroom about what it is like to do a postdoc completely from your bedroom during a pandemic, and it's a song parody. So I, I modified the lyrics of a certain song that I knew. This is a thumbnail. And I didn't have any collaborator for that. But pre production process then looks like this, you write the script, you have text. I have a script, I have a little slack channel with myself, where I just talked to myself and put all my ideas and all my scripts and things. And this is part of what the script looks like so these are the modified lyrics. But you don't only need text you also need the shots that you want the angles. So, these again are some of my notes, what I wanted to film, I wanted to film one setting of the song sitting in the bed, and convey these kinds of emotions. Etc. And then lastly, you need to prepare your costumes and your props so that everything is readily available and the filming can be done rather quickly. So here I have combining all the different shots with the different costumes and what I needed to record for each situation. Okay. And then production.  Now you need to do it. So you set up your camera, maybe you set up your microphone, and then in this case, since it was a song, I recorded the audio first and edited that. And afterwards I filmed over it so this is the awkwardness that I never thought would see the light of day that is recording and editing the audio. I'm a postdoc in my bedroom with my contract almost done. Yes, so you know no background music and then I just have the backing track on loop later take the best take edit some things together to make it sound a little bit better. And then I have the final audio recording. And then once I have that you need to film the video from your multiple angles with your multiple costumes, maybe do multiple takes if you screw up. This is then how I start recording the actual video. So what you saw me do is I have this little remote control to record start recording remotely. And then I need to hide that because I don't want to have it in shot. And then let's see. I have the music so that I can sing along with it so that later in post production, I can sync the song with the actual nicely produced audio, so that my lips will sync up with the sound, and they have the better produced audio. And then you need to do the post production, you know, you filmed everything multiple takes, and then you need to edit, and that arguably takes the longest so you need to cut all the different takes together cut out any mistakes. You can make it pretty, you know, boost the colors, polish the sound at background music at flying, you know, airplane sparingly, and and so on. The edit is where you can really make your video. And the way I edit is in iMovie. If you're wondering what kind of software to use. Why do I use iMovie. It was free, and it was pre installed on a laptop, and sometimes I'm frustrated that it doesn't do all the things that I wanted to do, but it's free. So I can't really complain about that. And it works for him for most things. And then lastly, you need to have the thumbnail, something that catches the eye of the server on YouTube, and then you're pretty ready to go and you get something like this. I'm a postdoc in my bedroom with my contract almost done. Which is halfway decent. And if you look very closely, the things that I pay attention to is that the cuts align with the music on the beat and the accents of music. Yeah. So just a summary, golden rules. Have a basic plan. Just do it. Execute your plan. Don't take all the money. Don't need the fanciest of equipment. You can just take your phone and do it. And fortune favors the bold. Just ask around. People will most likely want to collaborate.  Fortune favors the bold. This is again my YouTube channel. Feel free to subscribe and like and share and whatever you need to do these days. That's not something I'm very good at. Which is why I'm very much looking forward to the next talk, because I think I learned a lot from that. Thank you very much for listening. Thank you very much. It is for your presentation. It was very interesting, but also very, very funny. So I'm really happy for this, for this presentation. So now I think that we are going to to move to our last guest today that is Roberto Guardo. Roberto is a geophysicist and the viconologist with the strong experience in GIS. He attended both bachelor master at the University of Catania in Italy where he studied and published about Mount Etna. He also took courses at Halberg University of Copenhagen in Denmark in 2016. He moved to Argentina for a PhD position in volcano in volcanic volcanology and seismology that he completed in 2020. He defines himself as a multi-potentialite with several interests, one of which is science communication. That's the reason for which Roberto is here today with the speech, science communication, a failed plan B to the published or perish. So I leave you the floor for your presentation, Roberto. Thank you Silvia and hi everyone. Thank you for being here. And yes, I'm going to talk about a failed plan B to the published or perish, because once I was going to complete my PhD I said, Okay, I understand, I realize that I don't like to write papers. And that's for a researcher is a big issue. So I said I like to talk so I can move to science communication everybody do communication and there are a lot of science communicator so it not must be that hard. I was wrong and presages. So I tried and I failed, or at least I failed considering that the plan B for the published or perish. So it is a plan that I'm pushing on pushing forward, and I don't know where it will bring me, but I keep going. And we only have less than 10 minutes and time is a major issue when communicating in social media. No matter what you are communicating science communication or other kind of communication. The time is one of the most important thing to keep in mind and you have to adapt your content to the platform you're using and how to choose the content you are one you want to use. Because how you consider a lot of platforms with several billion users. And it is hard to choose. And I'm going to show you the most important rule that belongs that cover the platform we are using so no matter which one you choose there are three main rules for every platform. The first one is that golden and harder rule is that but be always there, because every algorithm is a new enemy. And if you say that no okay algorithms you're here to help. That's a lie. The algorithm is your enemy and we are going to see why. Second rule, the battle for attention, people and time are limited, meaning that there are a lot of content creator and people have to choose which one wants to watch or listen. So you have to be fast when you want to communicate something and you have to keep in mind that there are a lot of people creating content so you have to fight with our content creator to gain the attention of your audience. And the third one, spell the name to became a shadow. Never, never say the name of another platform while you are sharing content in a platform. If you are on Instagram, don't say YouTube or Twitch, you can say Facebook because they are the same, the same, but never say the name of other platform. You are, if you're on YouTube and you say Instagram Twitch, you can fall in the shadow of people will see less of your content or you will not be shared by the algorithm you will be hide, banned. And that's the three main rules. And there are a lot of different stats online but almost done talks about science communication. So I'm going to talk about what I found out during the last three years on just four platforms that are YouTube, Instagram, Facebook, and Twitch. As I see myself is like my life I was born on YouTube, I will going, I grew up on Instagram and Facebook, and I'm going to die on because of the time and because I really like it. Let's start with YouTube. I divided on between pros and cons. YouTube is almost but free, meaning that you do not need to be always there, but you must be constant. Because if you do not publish once a week or once of two weeks while you are small, while you are, you have less than five or 10,000 subscribers, the algorithm hides you if you do not publish. I tried this myself. I didn't publish for almost one year and this Saturday I published a new video and it reached less than 50% of the views that I was used to reach. The algorithm helps you to reach people with similar interests and the videos are indexed. That means that if you look for some content on Google, you can find out videos that doesn't work on other platforms like Instagram, we will see later. There is a self-certification while you are uploading a video, means that YouTube algorithm ask you if in your video there are inappropriate language, violence, drug-related content, and other things like that depends on the language you are publishing the video. And that's helped you to gain possibility to publish without censorship and also the use of ads on your videos. There are three types of content, short video like real, the normal video and the live stream, and YouTube is the second most used social platform. And as it said earlier, it is time-consuming because you have to record and before recording you have to write down what you want to say and you have to edit and then upload. And it takes a long depends on how long is your video.  You have to reach a really great number of subscribers to see some money. One of the important things that you have to remind is that you have to check the nationality of your audience. And I want to say other things about low pay, when you start to monetize it's not as you start. You can start monetizing once you reach 4,000 hours of view and 1,000 subscribers. It's not that easy. Let's move to Instagram that there are four type of contents, the posts, the stories, reels and Instagram DB. It is easy to create network without a content creator because it just you can send a message and if the reply is done. And it helps you develop a relationship with your audience because they brought you and if you want just reply and you are start connecting with them. There are a lot of calls in my opinion about Instagram is not indexed so you cannot find information of your post on Google, you are not indexed. There's a strongest but you'll always be there you must be always there because there are a lot of people sharing content that hides you. The algorithm change continuously. And for example, now you can do live stream of four hours maximum land while last year was only one hour. And there is a heavy competition and there is a lot of thoughts and scam. That's really a problem. And there is a strong censorship. For example, what I experienced last week is that I upload a satellite volcano image that probably is not that clear because it is a satellite image of a really low quality, but it was considering unity or sexual activity. So it was shut down. The same censorship happened on Facebook because, you know, the same boss behind them, but Facebook is the first most used social media. There's a sponsored post that is also a con because if you don't have money, you cannot sponsor your post. Your profile can be your page. So if you have a 5000 friends, you can convert them in 5000 subscribers, and you can manage the post automatically in the Facebook business app. You can post directly on Facebook, on Instagram, or on both of them. And the cons is that there are a lot of fake news that are shared by all this age users that create some sort of toxic place. So it's not that fun being on Facebook this time. And as I said, there's a strong censorship. And let's move to the one that I really, really prefer. That probably is the hardest to use. That is Twitch. You can be there all the time you want. There is no stop on recording live streaming. You can be online live streaming for months. This is crazy. You can reach alternative public mostly young that find your stream just by chance, not because our indexed so you can find a new audience that they didn't know they could like your content. You can monetize not easily but faster because people can send money in every kind of form on Twitch, they can do donation or can subscribe and you can receive a part of that money, and it's much faster than YouTube. It's a great engagement with the people in chat because they can unlock feature just by writing how on depends on how much they write on your chat they unlock features and they can be the best of your audience so people like to be engaged in that challenge like a video game.   And it is important to remember that if you lose that the streak that gold you already reached you downright that's free. And there is almost no sense of people when you are a smaller twitchers, because no one is controlling you but once you gain view. That's can be a problem because the algorithm is not that good to understand when you are joking when you are talking about history, for example, and when you are talking about all you are doing something that is not on the guideline. And the cons is that if you are unknown, you will not have audience that means you need a fan base to start because if you are if you have less than five people watching your stream, it is hard to reach others. It is a lot of time consuming because you learn, you need to learn the setup you need to learn how to use the streaming software, and it is pretty hard. And actually, in Twitch, you need good hardware like microphone and the camera and also light setting because people do not like to watch stream that are not interesting and not well for the side and listening part. And, as I said, you need to be constant or you down with your position and one say that there is a main pro between all the platform that is only one advice I give you that is be yourself, because if you are yourself, you can switch from a platform to another one and. You don't need to adapt on the platform, but you have to adapt the kind of format you are sharing but not yourself. So, that's, it's my only advice and has our sale. Just do it. And thank you for your attention and you can follow me on YouTube on Twitch or on Instagram.  And if it is good enough I may start being to make video also in English. And thank you again. Thank you, Roberto. For sure it is better than mine your English so you can for sure go for it. Yeah, I leave you the floor to me guard that is going to moderate the now the question and answer session. Please. Thank you. First I would like to thank all of the speakers for their valuable advice and helpful tips on how to communicate science using digital words really. We actually have a couple of questions from our audience. I actually select one question at this time to each of our speakers. So, one of them is for Julia. So, someone asks, how can we gradually introduce basic technical terms through social media if there is no room for explanations. So, if, if we can start with you then you know I can perhaps get other people's on the panels as well to give their view on this. Yeah, thank you very much I will be very short. Basically what we do is that we sometimes offer some boxes in which we explain the basic concepts. Second, we can recall to other material that is external to our material itself. And we also took advantage of these, let's say limitation, and this is the reason why we perform the one on one series in which we explain exactly basic technologies and we help our readers to all readers or audience to understand them. And if you are doing some videos I guess that it is going to be the best person to answer this but I guess that you can even recall to your previous videos so you can advertise yourself more. Yes, that makes sense. Thanks so much. So, the next question is for Iris. They mentioned, could you talk about how much time commitment each production requires required is required for each production. Yes, quite a lot. I was very optimistic in the beginning. Oh, once a week. Great. Yeah, it takes about. It depends very heavily on the type of video that I make. Usually I kind of write the scripts. I don't know, like during the day or have an idea. So that isn't really the most time consuming. I usually rather short can be like maximum half an hour, unless there is an interview that I do when it's about one or two hours, but also relatively short, and then the edit that just takes a long time I have been getting quicker like you, when over time it will go faster. In the beginning it took me hours days to do really short videos. Now it goes a lot faster and can take like a couple of hours to do like a 10 minute video. And it depends on what kind of video it was so if it's very heavily scripted so if I have every sentence that I want in there in a comedy sketch. It's very easy because I have multiple takes, I picked the best take, and then that is that part of the video done. And then I kind of have to kind of cut that all together but that's fine. If it's something where more kind of talking. It's harder because I get off track very easily in order to make it concise and still make sense. I think is the most time consuming part of the whole production, perhaps yeah, and it is not some but you know I think the best thing about it is that you don't have to do it in one go like you can still separate it in different, you know, in your schedule, hopefully. Yeah, definitely. Yeah, but thanks. I may add something about that. It is also hard in the post production the editing part because you have to sum up image content that helps to explain what you are saying. And it is hard to doing all in once, because if you let past days, your style change. So, once your style changes, you do the edit in a different style in a different form and there is no coherence on the video and if the video is long, it is hard. It is necessary to become to increase your ability in editing the video so you will do that in less time. But as I said, eight minutes of video, I mounted in four or five hours, for example. Yeah, I hope. Yeah, I hope the answer.   And this question is, you know, sort of to everyone, but I start with Roberto, perhaps. So the question is how do you deal with the comments of the audience, specifically when it would be in opposition of your posts and contents. Do they affect your upcoming posts? Yes, they affect the upcoming post some in a bad way others in a good way depends on the type of comments, because if it is a good critics that they say, for example, oh, you forget to say that, or, for example, it happens on my YouTube video that I talked about about active volcano, dormant volcano, active volcanoes, and I made an example of an active volcanoes put in the category of dormant volcano and in my comments, someone said, but you say that it is in this fun time so this volcano is active one. You are right that my advantage is that say sorry, learn from my mistakes and growth from that mistakes and make greater videos. On the other hand, while there are some haters that just write bad stuff on you, because they are haters, I just ignore them. And it's really hard to ignore and be peaceful with yourself, but it's the only way do not engage with others because they drain your energy and your time. But they are good for the dissing and they are good for let's grow your channel, but they drain your energy so do not engage with others and ignore them and go ahead. Thanks so much Roberto and Iris do you want to add something? I agree. If it's a weird comment, it's very clear which ones are sincere and helpful and actually watch the video and which ones are just hate comments or spam or whatever, just ignore it. It's not nice, but you'll get over it. I hope, you know, we sort of don't expect getting extreme bad, extremely bad comments for, you know, especially communications in science, because, well, it has a sort of specific community, you know, the audience is sort of selected in many ways. But still, yeah, it's not something that avoids any bad comments. And the last question at this time is for Julia again. So someone asks how should scientists really address a broader audience, how to reach people who are not already looking for you. Yeah, this is not a really easy question to answer. Basically, you have to give it a try and trying to advertise it a lot and have a good team that is going to help you because as I said, if you fly solo you have a limited number of people to be reached. And of course we have a good platform in which we are hosted, that is the EGU, so we jumped already from a good start and we are sharing our content with a well-defined community. So I don't know exactly how it works when you have to start from ground zero basically, maybe Roberto and Iris would answer it better because we got very lucky situation from the beginning. Yeah. But still, as you mentioned, I think Natural Hazardous is a very good platform anyway for anyone who wants to start with, you know, just to show what they are doing in this context. And yeah. And how about Roberto or Iris, do you want to add any comments to answer this question? I mean, I can say that it's very hard and I don't really have a solution because I'm not particularly good at this. This is the stage where I fail. But I don't know, because yeah, ideally you want someone to endorse you like that EGU is kind of whatever retweeting or something like that. But it's difficult to persuade them to do that if it's not already affiliated with EGU. What I have found, but I'm not really a Reddit user. So sometimes I post videos there and then because you have very specific communities, lots of people watch it and there is increased engagement. This is why some of the videos have like a few more views. But it's a tricky platform that I don't really know how to navigate because you have to be part of the community and I don't have time to be on Reddit all the time. So I just kind of pop in and say hi, this is my video and then pop out and if you do that too often, they don't like that. But as you said before, just jumping into your answer, if you interview someone that is famous, you might have the chance to enlarge your community, isn't it? Right, exactly. That's another way, the collapse. That can help, yeah. Although it hasn't helped in my case, but yeah. My experience is that I tried both methods and the one when you try to be endorsed. Even if you have a good goals, like I want to share my contents to as much as persons are possible because there are a lot of fake news. I want to explain in the best way the earthquakes so people will not scared about them. It doesn't work. So you have to first share other people's contents. You share them and people will be happy to share you as well. And then you, second, you can try to use the best hashtag. You can find the Google Trends and third, use the trend. Thank you so much, Roberto. It was very good advice. I thank everyone for taking their time for answering this question and questions. And now I hand it over to Silvia to conclude. Yes, very briefly, I would like to share something with you. I hope that I have been able to learn from my previous mistakes as suggested by Roberto before. Let's try to share my screen now in the proper way. I'm doing my best. Sorry. No, it's not working. But if I swap this place, is it working now? Right. Great. I learned from my mistakes. So just to conclude, I would like to say thank you everyone for joining us today. This is just to let you know that this is not the last event we are organizing as an early career scientist and age group. These are the upcoming events we have already scheduled in March. We will focus on some tips to be ready to present at EGU General Assembly. In June, we will move to the funding opportunities to boost scientific research. And then in autumn, we will talk about the challenges to be women in natural hazards and academia. If you want to know, for example, the date when we'll be fixed of these events or in general, stay tuned about all our activities. These are our social media channels that we're using. So we have Twitter, Facebook, you can subscribe to our mailing list. I also would like to underline that the keynotes of this interesting webinar will be to say reorganize a little bit, rearrange in a blog post that will be published in the next weeks on our NH division blog. So this is the link to the web page of the blog where you will find in the next weeks also some contents related to this webinar. So thank you very much everyone. Thank you for Iris, Roberto and Julia for their speech and also to Nigar for the support and see you soon. Thank you. Thank you everybody.


Hey there lads and ladies, it is Petrifying Pumpkins here and today I have for you a brand new firewall zero hour video. This one is exceptionally moist, this one's very big. So let's just jump right into it. So as you all know, the mid-season update for firewall came out yesterday, 10 gigabytes in size by the way, so you might want to clear out some time to get that downloaded if you haven't done so already. It's quite big and we know that patch was going to be coming with the new map Gauntless, which I played already, I played a bunch for the last night and I love the map so far. It's like so big, there's so much to us, it's going to take ages to learn, but it seems like an early favorite kind of already. Now still early days, so things could change, but right now I really love that map. Then we have the new contractor, Dom, the French dude, his skill lets him get up a third time. Now I'm not as convinced about that skill as I am about the map and the new Gaunt and stuff like that, but you certainly will be harder to down. I just need to put some more time in with Dom before I can get a feel for how effective he is. And then of course there is the new weapon, the classic rake case, which is quite powerful, it's doing some damage, it's got some good range.  Then there's also Mako's MP5, which is like the cool skin that she has for that weapon. It looks really good if you're planning on you know completing every single operation this season and then throwing down 250 crypto to unlock that bad boy. It looks like it's worth it if you ask me. But we knew most of that stuff was coming, but what we didn't know was the balance changes that first contact entertainment were going to be making with this update too. So there's three big ones. I'm just going to read out the patch notes so that you can get the official word on what the developers are saying about these changes in the game. But just keep in mind these aren't the complete patch notes. These are just the highlights. The first contact entertainment wanted to let us know. So for example, they've improved the audio assault rifles in the game and that's not in the patch notes. So there could be other stuff there that we don't know about just yet. OK, so patch notes, secondary weapons have been buffed with more damage and better range assault rifle bullet spread has been tuned. Note that we have not changed any damage or range. Finally, revive pistol now has only one dart, but that can be increased to two when using the extra dose skill. Pistol is still showing two darts, but that's a visual glitch that will be fixed in the next patch. So each one of these changes is pretty huge. They may each by themselves have the potential to change how firewall is played fundamentally. But let's start with the last one, the revive pistol. So we all know you used to be able to carry two revive pistols as a standard and now that's been halved. You can just carry one. Unless, of course, you use that extra dose skill that will give you the two that you had before. That is massive. I wasn't expecting that at all. But I'm quite excited by this one because two reasons I can think of. Reason number one, this is a measure taken by first contact entertainment to combat the effectiveness of the Russian tactic.  You're there. You're trying to set up your defenses and in less than a minute they're on top of you at their blast. And you're done. You didn't even have a chance to get your jammer placed, you know? And oh, look, Russian is a valid tactic. I don't want to say there shouldn't be any Russian in the game, but it was so effective that it made using other tactics maybe less efficient, less effective.  But now that there's only one dart, this tactic is going to be a lot less effective. The Russia is going to have to be a lot more careful. Well, they might not even rush anymore, which is possibly the idea behind this. But that tactic still is possible if they go and depict that extra dose skill. The problem there is that they have to sacrifice a different skill. So maybe they get rid of heavy doozy. Maybe they get rid of bullet sponge. That makes them a little bit more vulnerable for the defenders, we'll say. So that kind of adds a risk reward type thing, maybe and adds a bit of balance to that decision making. I personally cannot wait to see the ramifications of half in the revived darts. I think people are going to be playing just not even just Russia, just everyone across the board going to be playing a little bit more safe, a little bit more careful, a little bit more tactical, which I think is what the idea behind firewall was in the beginning. It's a tactical shooter. So another reason why I can see that they nerfed the revive pistol coincides with the first patch notes, which is how they've buffed the secondaries.  They've always been just so weak and using them, then you have like the stigma of like not being a good teammate because you should be using that revive dart, you know? But now these handguns have been buffed. Now, I'm not sure exactly how buffed they are or if every single one of them is buffed like equally, but the fact that the revive dart has been halved to just one dart and these have been buffed, you can at least say that there's going to be less of a stigma around picking a handgun. Now, you're going to be more understanding of a teammate who doesn't want to pick a revive dart because there's only one dart now. And, you know, he might even miss it if he misses that shot and all of a sudden he's wasted a secondary that could have been a revolver, could have been a Desert Eagle, could have been something like that. So I think we're going to see a lot more handguns in play, which I love because the handguns in the game, they look cool. I like using them. The only problem is that they were so ineffective, but it looks like this is going to change. I hope this is what's going to change. I hope they're buffed enough to make them viable. And, you know, we don't have to feel guilty about not picking the revive pistol anymore. So then we have the change to the assault rifles. Now, notice how they said they didn't do anything to the damage of the rifles nor the range they haven't been touched. That's all the same. Now, what has been touched is the bullet spread. OK, we don't know which rifles exactly have been affected by how much, but we do know that the Taylor CQB, which before this update was the go-to weapon for fire. Well, it was good at close quarters, it was good at mid range, it was good at long range. It had everything, everyone used it all the time. That's going to be less effective at long range now. The bullet spread is going to be a little bit more all over the place when you're shooting at a certain distance. It's still going to be good at close range, still going to be good at mid range. But now, all of a sudden, let's say you're playing on docks or long range map like that, it's not going to be a case of, oh, I'll just pick the Taylor CQB. Maybe I want to pick the new Reg case. Maybe that's got better range. You know, maybe I want to take the single shot Reg, you know. So all of a sudden, the King has been taken down a peg, at least in one aspect. And this potentially opens the door for way more variety in what people are going to be putting in their loadouts, which I think is great. There's loads of cool guns in the primary weapons that just don't see the lights of day because the Taylor CQB is so effective. It's like, why would I use, you know, the Hornest, the H5, whatever, you know, as much as I like the look of these guns and how they sound and stuff like that. There was never any point. Now, there might be. I'm hoping there is. Now, I think each one of these changes are pretty huge by themselves. But all three together, I'll be shocked if this doesn't, like, fundamentally shake up how people are playing firewall zero hour. But it's early days. Yes.  I don't want to jump either way. Yes. I mean, it sounds positive to me in theory, but it might be another thing in practice. So maybe just waste way to give it a few days, give it a few weeks, see how things are going before we pass judgment on how how good or bad these changes are. Like, it's my hope that the Russian is going to be less prevalent now. It looks like it will be. But again, we'll have to wait and see.  They'll be slightly weaker, of course, but that still won't negate that as a valid tactic. And now that the Taylor CQB has taken a nerf, all of a sudden, I'm thinking about my primary slots. I'm, you know, anything that makes you think about what you want in your Lodos. If you ask me, that's a good thing. And it's not just primaries now, it's secondaries. So before those things were locked in, it was always CQB, it was always revived dirt. Now, you know, I've got decisions to make. Anything that makes you make decisions in a game like this is a good thing. It's a tactical game. You want to be making tactical decisions for the situation at hand. You know, it depends on what map you're playing.  So one thing you may have noticed about this update is not what's in it, but what's not in it. So before a few weeks ago, we had a blog post on the PS blog from Damon Shab's and he talked about how nerve gas mines were going to be included in the mid-season updates. There is no sign of nerve gas mines. Now it's very possible that the team at first contact entertainment weren't ready with the mine. They just couldn't get it out in time. Maybe we'll see in the next season or maybe they're changing it around a lot because there has been some feedback that maybe it'll be better as a grenade than a mine, so maybe they're changing it that way. But yeah, so for whatever reason, nerve gas mines are not in this update. But I would still expect them in the future updates. And of course, you may also like to know that the lobby is now Christmas themed. You got a Christmas tree in the corner. You got the lights going across. You got candy canes and milk and cookies. The in-game items have been replaced by milk and cookies, and the Intel has been replaced by a good list and an Aussie list, which I love. That was a beautiful touch. Very nice. And of course, I cannot end this video without pointing out that the week five premium mission is called moist, right?  Another Easter egg, you know, it's a slick black and orange camouflage. It looks really nice. I have it on everything already. I'm putting it on everything I can. But yeah, the first contact entertainment are watching. This is I love it. You know, thank you so much, surreal. I love all these Easter eggs and nods and winks and stuff like that. It is surreal, you know? So with that, I will end this video, ladies and ladies. But before I do, let me give a huge thank you to my Patreon supporters whose names are on the screen right now. Thanks to the support, I guess on Patreon from these guys, I can work towards making a better channel. And of course, let me give a special shout out to tradition. Chrome, Pete Hawkins and Columbus Thomas, the third. Thanks to these guys for pledging to me on the soaking wet pumpkin tier. I really do appreciate it so, so much. Thank you. So if you'd like to become a Patreon supporter, too, the link will be in the description. But if you don't want to do that, if you want to help me out, just the old fashioned way with likes and shares and all that usual size, I'll appreciate that very much, too. And just a couple more things before I end the video. Petrifying pumpkins has a discord now. The pumpkin patch kids, it's called. There'll be a link for that in the description below if you want to check it out. And if you've been enjoying the music that you may have been hearing in my videos for the last year or whatever, you might want to check out Decepticon.com for his new album that just dropped yesterday. That one is called Screens and Dreams, a very good album. I was listening to it while I was writing this video. You know, it's a nice, relaxing music. So check it out. The link is in the description. You can check it on all the popular streaming services, Spotify, all that good stuff. So that's it from me. Bye for now.


Our YouTube season number three, Minnesota Vikings. We didn't make the playoffs last year. Disappointing year in Minnesota, we redeemed ourselves. We had a great off season. We were signed Derek Brown at the tackle. My off season was actually, hold on. Going into season three, we have finally built a unit. We have absolutely built the unit of a team. Our team is super comp right now. Let me show you guys what we've done. How we got this team the way it is. We do have Kyler Murray coming back in quarterback. Of course, leading the boys. Now he is on the last year of his contract and we are in some contract hell. So we did draft our boy Duckworth. They're telling me Duckworth is the future. He is the future of this channel. He's the future of this team. But right now the ball is still with Kyler Murray. You see 98 overall, but this is last year. We'll see if he wants to get re-signed or not. We'll see if he leaves or what's gonna go. But that's a question for next off season. We still got Joe mixing and running back. We did draft Sharif Rogers to be his heir apparent. Wide receivers are absolutely cracked now. We started with terrible wide receivers, if you guys remember. Now we have Watkins. Obviously it was always pretty good. Tim Patrick got that superstar game last season. He's a superstar now. And we drafted Jackson Smith and Jigba. Three superstar wide receivers. Shouldn't be guarded by anybody. And on top of that, we still got our boy Firemuth. The legend Pat Firemuth, you guys know that. He's still a little bit slow. So it's gonna be tough to get him the ball sometimes, but he's gonna get it done. Offensive line. You guys know we got Quentin Nelson, who was also on the last year of his deal. Our salary cap is kind of tough. So for me, I did superstar Eric McCoy, a center that we picked up last year. So we're gonna have three secure protectors this year. I'm gonna try to trade Quentin Nelson, maybe for our first round pick. But if not, he'll probably walk into off season. I don't have too much to re-sign him. We still got our boy Jedrick Willis, who's taken up a lot of salary if you see that there. But he's a 26 year old secured protector. So he's worth it. Defensively. Still got our boy JFK, John Franklin Myers. Yeah, he's super, the definition of mediocre. We did re-sign Derek Brown, who was a question mark, where are we gonna be able to re-sign our defensive tackle to hold down the middle? But we got him back. We got him back. 27 year old superstar, big boy in the middle. We also have our boy Dotson, who's closing in on edge threat. Man, if you guys have been here, this is gonna be year three of Dotson, I believe, or year two of Dotson. He's up to 84 overall. He's got Bogo. He needs to get to a 90 speed rusher. You see right there, he's at 83.  Hopefully we can get him a lot of sacks, get him going, because if he go ahead, and if he's go ahead and get edge threat, we're gonna be cracked. Secondary, I mean, we're able to buy, actually able to buy our abilities now, add to the pot of the league. We're able to get Legerius Need, Jamil Dean, both have deep knockout and one step ahead. These guys are gonna be studs now. We talked about it all year. They're great players, but they didn't have abilities. Now back to back off seasons, we were able to buy abilities for them per the league rules. Now these guys are both tall, 95 speed, 96 speed. They both have deep knockout, and they both have one step ahead. Then on top of that, I have two slot corners, two young guys, Michael O and Greg Jr. Both of those guys have inside shade. They're not good enough yet to have one step ahead, but they have inside shade. Hopefully I can get these guys to 85 overall by the time the end of the season winds down. So that way I'll have four corners with really good ratings and a lot of abilities. But like I said, we have two one step ahead, and we have two inside shades along with two deep knockouts. That's actually insane. And I was able to draft this guy, James Sanford. Now some people say he's the Rudy of the team, James Sanford. You know, doesn't look that great. James Sanford, number 31, he's 5'10 from Vanderbilt. 89 speed, 62 man coverage, 63 zone. But he's superstar. Can we turn this guy into something? Will he add to the team? James Sanford, will he be somebody going down the line here? Will he be? He won't play right away, but we'll see. Save these, we got a bunch of them. Stevens, Moss, users, William Jackson, Xavier McKinney. We have a Monty Hooker, and we have Jordan Baddler, our second year superstar safety who has flat knockout. So I'm going to try to put him kind of in a flat, you know, kind of in a flat zone. He has flat knockout. Why not put him in the flat, see what happens. We'll see, he is a superstar. Hopefully by the end of the year, we can get him with some deep zone knockout, which would be the 85 zone is what I need him to get to. He's at 80 zone. Maybe we can get him the 85 zone. That would be lit. So that's the team. We went from a no money spent team a couple of years. We were able to buy some abilities to make our heart of league rules, make our players better. Our salary cap is really tight right now, but we prepared for it. Howie Roseman taught me. We got our quarterback of the future. We got our offensive linemen of the future. We got our corners of the future. Things are looking good for the Minnesota Vikings. Like to get into this week one, we played a Saints. I think now I played them the first year. This was my first team I played in CFM this year. And if you guys remember that guy just shook streets. So he is Justin Herbert at quarterback, Josh Jacobs at running back and a 98 speed Marquis Brown and a 99 speed John Green. Two small guys that are fast. So we'll see. Do you think Snead and Dean at 95 and 96 speed with deep knockout can keep up with those guys? How's it gonna work in CFM? Will they be enough to keep up with deep knockout? Now they're gonna be trailing these guys. They're also short. I think that always matters. Like if you're short and it's a tall DB, he can be, I mean, he can be a little bit slower because his player build will be that much bigger than the small guy. But will they be able to keep up? We'll find out early and often with that deep knockout, we'll see if they can get it done. This is our goal. Let's see if he has any defensive players. Titan Parham, that's nasty. Let's see if he has any pass rushers. Bobby Wagner, no pass rushers. DB's Eric Stokes, Kai Elam, DJ Turner. I mean, these guys are actually really fast and pretty good. You know, they are pretty good. These guys here, Stokes Elam and DJ Turner. Whoever Turner is 98 speed and that guy's kind of a Lord. I might be able to do something. We'll see. Let's go. We are playing the Norland Saints CFM Viking season three kicks off right now. I don't know. Where's Maddie at for bets? The option. That's our boy, rookie. I don't know. He looked like he was kind of moving. Like I want to get more on that right there. Like I really do. That dude's bagged his shirt. God, them dudes were bagged, man. I mean, there's just no way that just got that light. Dude, there's just no way that. How does that get it's dog? It's just no way that. Oh, one trap just kills our defense that bad.  I run no one trap for two yards. He runs at one time, just 80 yards off the bat, 80 yards. God, I swear to God.  Doug, come on, man. Come on now. Come on, game. Come on, game. That's what we're not doing right now, man.  I play-makered him just a little bit. Now, come on, can we just stop on one trap one time, boys? That would be awesome. Doug, come on, team! I mean, come on, hooker, like you're in a... Thank you, man. Good job, Derek. Brown way to show up to the party. We spent $500 million on you. Oh, come on, Datsun. Thank you, hooker. Let's go, man. Oh, my God, come on, man. Bro, how is a no-name just... Dude, there's no way a no-ability just did that that fast.  I swear to God. And the Chattel say, run the ball. Do you see the... A nobody just made that play. Let's go, Clez. Let's go, Tim Patrick. Timmy P. The Lord. Just a try on me, aren't they, boys? Oh, there's just no way. And then Michael, oh, what type of... There's just no f***ing way. This is a touch. Oh, my God. Oh, my God. Oh, my God. Just no way that was a touchdown. There's literally no way that was a touchdown, dude. Like, he breaks a tackle to make one dude just miss. So the one dude misses a tackle, but because he missed the tackle, the other guy overran it because of the missed tackle animation. And then the rest of my team said, no, we're good. And the rest of my team literally just, like, moved out of the way for that. God, come on, dude.  Can we hold a block for two seconds? This is f***ing miserable right now, man. Jackson Smith and Jigba. Jackson Smith. Though, once you start realizing that me running the ball is just a negative for my team, it's an absolute negative for my team. Hmm. Damn, man. We really just gotta stop on that one quarter down. Dude, his old one trap is just absolutely mauling on him. Pick, pick, pick, pick. Oh, come on, baby. Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. I mean, if he throws the ball, he's gonna audible though. He's audible every time so far. Yep. Let's go. Datsun getting home. The boys screaming. Let's go. Datsun? Oh, come on, man. Red zone threat and we're dropping that. He's gonna play zone this time, dude. He's going to play zone. See, it's his zone. Jackson Smith and Jigba touchdown. That's what I'm betting here, boys. Three for 13.  I mean, the fact that that was like an option for you. Dog, like, it's the way my safety's getting just put. My brother's so sad. Just run on one trap again. Four for 15. Thank you, Derek Brown. I signed you for $50 million. Deep knockout. Oh, come on, Dean. Oh, he just held Y. Like, you gotta be better there. That was just, just miserable. Dude, this is no way. Oh, the good old stack here. What else would he run, right, boys? But if you don't get this, the whole game, like, you give up a field wall. Let's go, Tim Patrick. Get a block there. Fire move.   That's why you suck. Oh, it's just lagged. Crazy. I mean, dude, if you didn't bump into that guy. Jackson Smith and Jigba. I gotta be smarter, because I gotta know to run that play when they base a line, man. Like, I should be a player running every play. Because when they base a line, man coverage, like, the man that's guarding the outside receiver is all the way out wide. So he can't guard drags. Both of those drags are open by 10 yards. Mentally a little rusty. I'm not sharp. I'm not super sharp. Dude, honestly, this is like, simply bad inside, or 01 trap defense. I don't know what else you guys, I mean, 01 trap is just killing. I just gotta pinch my line. I'm just, I've seen enough, dude. Oh, man. I'm so proud of my team. I feel like we're really actually, like, getting pressured now, dude. It's actually, like, nice, ain't it, boys? Look at Dotson go, man. Just mad I don't have any sacks because of this stuff, you know? Oh my God, Dubby. I'm talking to Chat. Let's go. He's a good throw by me, honestly. All in all.  Reds on threat. Oh, come on, fire move. It's just no way we're still running for, 01 trap, dude. Never mind, Stevens. Ah, I tried to juke right there. Damn, let me juke.  Like, what absolute poise? Tell you, man, if DB Fire base a line, you get just screams again.  Tell you, this Viking's team is actually kind of cracked right now.  I am so unlucky, dude. How do we just run, like, how? How does that happen? We bump into somebody and fall out of the way. We gotta catch that. We're not Block 3 guys. Who is Stovall? All right, Greg Jr. What are we doing here, man?  I'm starting to get tired of the Heat fans, to be honest. Not enough for me to root for the Celtics, though.  Dude, what's your bank account looking like, honestly? Ooh, I mean, I feel like Inside Zone is so free right here. Let's call Riley Moss? The Vikings? Are the Vikings a comp team now? Season three, Kyler Murray, 507 yards, Jackson Smith and Jigba, Joe Mixon, Quezz Watkins, Tim Patrick, everybody had a touchdown. Mixon had two defense. We didn't have one sack, dude. That's just, like, Stevens and Moss with picks. We didn't get one sack, though, boys. Like, that's like, Dean got three passes defended, though. Dean, peace. Like, when you look at this, when you look at 7 for 26, 26% completions, we didn't get a sack. Disappointing. Disappointing outcome. GGs, though, GGs. Good start.


Thank you very much for that review. That's very helpful. I actually work in the protocol service center for the NHGRI and we help with protocol development for IRB review and FDA submissions. So it's wonderful to know that other people are doing the same kind of thing in such an expansive way. So my question for Helena is considering the experience and and expansiveness of your shop, do you actually take advantage of the pre-submission process or do you all already know it all? You don't even bother. You don't need to go straight to the... Oh, I mean there is no way that we know it all. First of all, I second I'm not sure that someone working in an academic institution that has so many people from different departments contacting you can say that you know it all plus everything is always evolving. So I really would also say that our easiest submission and most smooth rights were when we contacted FDA. If anything, our challenge was to persuade investigators that because you know you always have these situations when someone who knows someone had a bad experience and they don't want to talk that really that's the best and if you want most cost-effective way because you're ensuring that you're not doing experiments that afterwards will not be accepted as a part of your submission. So pre-submission meeting is what we really encourage everybody to have. And I have a second question. There's been a lot of talk within IND universe about expanded access and I haven't heard anything about expanded access in regards to IDEs and I was just wondering do you even see that? Is that even a possibility within the IDE arena? Yes, we do have it at you. Can we did have a couple of emergency IDEs? We have that as a part of a training program and actually I sent some of the slides to Rebecca, so she might post. If you just a short description that it would be very similar logic and structure as expanded access for INDs. So what we had is two, three expanded access emergency IDEs, but not single patient, I mean compassionate use in the others. Yes, emergency use. Well, it's single patient, but it was emergency use ID. Can you give an example? Yes, just generally, what does it look like? I can give you two on top of my head. One was that we needed to have emergency use for Column that is not have the approved for cell sorting. There was a kid pediatric patient coming to Duke and so it was emergency within a few days for which we had it unauthorized to in order to provide cells for a patient for cell therapy we needed to make this unauthorized use of Column for cell sorting. So that was one example and the other one that there was a cardiac cardiac patient. So the device itself was already run under an IDE, but in different indication for different situation. When entering the OR, a physician knew that this might not go well and they came with that device kind of prepared that they might need to use that as a life-saving treatment, which it was. In both cases, so these were two simple examples that I can remember. I'm sure there were more, but these are two that I was involved at least. What I can say in both cases, it was very important that we contacted IRB and let them know, give them heads up, and we do have emergency IRB number. I'm sure that every IRB has it and there is also on the FDA website emergency number or something like that. Maybe it's not called emergency, but something like that number that you can call and the real person will either answer or return your call in a very, very quickly, because actually for that first scenario that I just, or case that I just described, it was like Friday, it was catching weekend, the kid was coming on Monday, so we really try to solicit some sort of feedback. It's not approval, but at least you try to let FDA know what will be, what's going to happen. Thank you. A while back, some folks at CDRH collaborated with some folks in the Clinical Proteomics Research Network at NCI to put together a publication that was basically a model pre-IDE or model IDE submission that was then published in the Cancer Research Journal, which is something that we've been able to point people to, you know, to give them an idea of what's involved if it's a whole new idea for them. Any thoughts about doing that for NGS or for any other platform? Yeah, so actually that case was a Mach 510K, so a Mach IDE would be even easier, but yeah, we've just, that's something we've discussed and just, I do think it would be good. I mean, I think it sort of illustrates one of the challenges, which is that it is, you know, because IDs are not public, there are no examples, so when you're starting to work on it, you know, you have no template. You don't have an example, so to the degrees that we can get even a, you know, a contrived example out there, I think it would be very helpful.  I think it's a good idea. Are there any online questions? Anyone else? Perhaps we can take our hypothetical case studies and make them into the hypothetical Mach ID. I'd rather get them as a Mach one than a real one. All right, thank you to our speakers. Just a quick wrap up of the day. I think we, I think this was a pretty successful and informative workshop. All of the materials will be available online, including the supplemental materials that were mentioned throughout the day. We'll get those up as soon as possible next week. We'll be creating a summary of the workshop as well that will be available. I'd like to thank all of our speakers who traveled and we're all on all of our pre-workshop calls, our colleagues at FDA. And then finally, it takes a lot of people to put a workshop like this together. There was a lot of NHGRI staff involved. We borrowed from different branches, the genomics healthcare branch, the communications people who arrived at 6.30 this morning to set up for the webcast and also finally the entire policy branch who was all hands on deck who helped prepare early and were present today. And then finally to Rebecca Hong, who there would be no workshop without Rebecca. So thank you everyone and miss the traffic. Enjoy your weekend.


Family Theatre presents Joan Leslie and Mel Blank. That work in cooperation with Family Theatre presents Mel Blank in The Adventures of Pinocchio. To introduce the drama, your hostess, Joan Leslie. Thank you, Joni LaFranco. Family Theatre's only purpose is to bring to everyone's attention a practice that must become an important part of our lives if we are to win peace for ourselves, peace for our families, and peace for the world. Family Theatre urges you to pray. Pray together as a family. Tonight, Family Theatre takes great pleasure in presenting The Adventures of Pinocchio, starring Mel Blank as Pinocchio. It's upon a time an old wood carver named Gepetto was given a strange piece of wood that seemed almost alive. So Gepetto decided to carve it into a little wooden puppet. They know this story, Joni. Come on, let's have some action. One morning, in his humble cottage, Gepetto assembled his carving tools and started to work. Oh, me! This is the liveliest piece of wood I ever worked on. I think I'll call this little puppet Pinocchio. What's that? Did I hear somebody laugh? How could that be? I'm all alone here. I do believe it's this piece of wood that's laughing. Perhaps my knife is tickling its ribs. A whole still bit of wood stopped wiggling. There now, all finished. Hello, Pinocchio. Well, imagine that, a talking wood carver. Hello, you funny old man. Whoever carved you out sure made a mess of it, didn't he? Why, you ungrateful little rascal. I'll box your ears for that. Oh, yeah? You'll have to catch me first. Hey, Pinocchio, come back here. Pinocchio! Well, what do you know? I haven't been born five minutes and I'm running away from home already. Halt. Halt in the name of the king. Uh-oh. There's a big soldier in the middle of the road. He's going to try to stop me. Watch me run right between his legs. Block. Notre Dame could use you, big boy. I told you to stop, didn't I? Come here. Hey, hey, let go of my snoop. That's a nose yard bird. Not a handle.  Hey, mister, does this jumping jack belong to you? Yes, he does. That's my little Pinocchio.  I'll teach you to run away. Ow! So you keep hitting me like that, and you know what you're going to get? No. What? Splinters. Hold on there. Little boy, does your father mistreat you? Oh, yes, he does. He beats me all the time. What? He hits me. He kicks me. Oh, it's more than flesh and blood can stand. It's a good thing I made out of wood, ain't it? What do you say to that, old man? Are you mean to this little kid? Oh, no, I must say, I love the little tyke. Oh, he does not. Why, Mr. Soldier, less than five minutes ago, he was standing over me with a great big knife. That settles it. Run along home, little boy, and I'll take your cruel father to jail. Come with me, sir. Oh, please, don't put me in jail. Pinocchio, tell him the truth. Take him away! The cottage and eat all the food now to make a home run. Kettle a soup on the fire. Watch me dive into that. Oh, what do you know? The fireplace and the kettle are just painted on the wall. I've been cadoodled. Who's laughing at me? I'll come out, but I can't fight like a man, because I'm a crickety. Imagine that, a talking cricket. Well, who let you in? Nobody. I've been in this house for a hundred years. Well, spindle shanks, your lease is up. Beat it, scream, blow. Very well. But before I go, let me tell you one thing. Okay, but make it snappy.  Well, you aiming that crack at me? Well, Pinocchio, if the shoe fits, wear it. Listen, you puny little squeaking bug. One more chirp like that, and I'll throw this hammer at you.  That doesn't. Uh-oh. I can throw straighter than I thought I could. Well, that's life, I guess.  Say, now I've got to find some food in this dump. Nothing in there. Nothing in there. Nope, nothing in there. Not even a crumb in there. Empty, empty, vacant.  Oh, the poor little talking crinket was right. I've been a wicked little boy, and now I'm being punished for it. Oh, if I can only find a bit of food, I promise never again. Boy, that just came in time, didn't it? Who's there? It is I, Iguepeto. Oh, papa, papa, my dear, dear, Dowdy. Oh, there Pinocchio, my little one. Oh, how happy I am to see you. And am I glad to see you, papa. I'm starving. Here, I brought you three pears. Is that all, just three little old pears? Well, okay. Go ahead and peel them. Peal them? I thought you were starving. I am, but I don't like the pealings. Hey, and take the cores out of them, too. Remember, you whittled me out, so you got to take care of me. Very well, Pinocchio, but I'll tell you this. If I had that chunk of wood to carve over again, I would have made a footstool out of you.  That's because you've been so kind to me, papa. Every day and every way, I'm going to be gooder and gooder. Uh-uh. Careful now. Don't promise what you may not be able to do. Oh, but I will be a good boy, papa. And I'll go to school, and I'll learn how to read and write, and then I'll make a lot of money, and then I'll find new coat to take the place of the coat you sold to get me this nice spelling book, and I, you know, your long-winded little rascal. There's the school bell, Pinocchio. Oh, is that what that noise is? It's gruesome, isn't it? Well, guess I'll have to go to school. Goody-goody. Run along, Pinocchio. Well, quit shoving me. I'm going, ain't I? Take care of your nice new spelling book. Oh, I will, papa. You sold your coat to get it for me, and I'll be very careful of it. Pinocchio, or you'll be late. Trying to get rid of me, huh? Well, okay, pop. A dollar, a red dollar, I'm gonna be a scholar. See, what's going on here? Looks like some kind of a show. Right this way, ladies and gentlemen, all the great puppeteers. They talk, they move, they sing, they dance just like real people. Imagine that. Puppet's talking like people. That I gotta see. This way, folks, all the world's greatest puppeteers in the show, only Tuppet's admission. Oh, mister, I hadn't got Tuppets. What? Well, what do you know? A talkin' puppet. My boy, I want you to join my show. Oh, no, mister, I promised my dear papa I would go to school. I am a good little boy, and all the money in the world wouldn't induce me to break my promise. How much? Five gold pieces every week. I'll take it. Ooh, thank you, mister. Oh, boy, I'll soon be home and won't papa be happy with these five gold pieces. Greetings, Pinocchio. How do you do? May we have a word with you? Hey, who's calling me? Who is calling? A plague and a pox. It is only I, a poor lame fox. Well, what do you know? A fox talking. And a lame fox at that. Who's your friend, Mr. Fox? This is Mr. Cat. He is blind. Oh. Yes, indeed. Oh, have pity on me, sir. Poor fox and a blind cat. That ain't that too bad. Where are you going, Pinocchio? And what have you there, as if I didn't know? Well, I'm going home to my dear papa Gepetto, the woodcarver. And I'm taking him all this money. Oh, goodness, five gold pieces. Oh, Mr. Cat, how do you know there's five gold pieces here? You can't see, remember? Oh, yes, of course, I can't see, but I can smell the money. And it smells like five gold pieces. It does? Let me see. You've got a better smeller than I have. Pinocchio, how would you like to take home to your papa not five gold pieces but a bushel of them? Oh, that'd be wonderful, but how can I do that? Closer, my boy. I shouldn't reveal this to a living soul, but you are my friend. Berry, those five gold pieces in the field of miracles. And a tree will rise up with 10,000 gold pieces on every branch. How many branches? 100,000 branches. Wow, let's see, that's 1,700,000 simoleons. Say, where is this field of miracles? Walk straight down this road for two full days and you will come to the field at the parting of ways. Yeah, we'll meet you there, little boy, and show you where to bury your money. Oh, goody, goody, I'll start right now. Every minute I stand here, I'm losing money. So long, Foxy and Catsey. I'll see you at the field. Oh, you know what? My goodness, what a pretty road this is. Listen to the birdies sing. Well, I've been walking for a day and a half now. I must be nearly there. Stop, halt, stand where you are. Oh, look, robbers. Two men in long cloaks with masks over their faces. Oh, they're after my money. Oh, where'll I hide it? Oh, I know, I'll put it in my mouth.  Now, hand over those five gold pieces. Where are they? Oh, he's got them in his mouth. Uh-uh, where have I heard that voice before? Hand over that money or we'll take it from you. Oh, yeah? You'll have to catch me first. Oh, I'm all in. I can't run another step. And the robbers are still after me. Oh, I hope there's somebody living in this house. Robbers are after me. Who are you? I'm a child with blue hair. Let me in quick. I've got you now. Ah, this time you are... I see a beautiful angel bending over me. No, you're not dead, Pinocchio. You're safe inside this house. Oh, you're the girl with the blue hair. Hon, you, it looks good. Say, don't tell me you chased away those robbers. Yes, I rescued you. You see, I'm a fairy princess. Oh, I'm glad to know you.  Pinocchio. Why were those robbers after you? Oh, they wanted my money, but they didn't get it. And where is your money? Uh-uh, a gold digger. I, uh, I lost it. Oh, look, my nose is growing longer. Of course. Every time you tell a lie to a fairy princess, your nose grows longer. Now, where did you lose the money? Well, uh, uh, in the woods. Wow. My nose is three feet long. Oh, uh, fairy princess, I didn't lose the money in the woods after all. I, uh, well, uh, I swallowed it. Oh, my goodness, my nose is 20 feet long. Oh, if you make my nose short again, I'll be the best little boy you ever saw. Very well, Pinocchio. I'll conjure up some woodpeckers and put them to work. Bluebell, peckers, chop down this little boy's nose. I'm not so snooty anymore.  Oh, I've learned my lesson, little fairy. You saved me from the robbers and from my own wickedness, too. I love you very much. And I love you, too, Pinocchio. You may stay here in this cottage and be my little brother. Oh, goody-goody, I sure will. No, no, no. I forgot about my poor papa. I gotta go back to him. No, you don't, because your father is on his way here. Boy, you can do anything, can't you? May I run out and meet my papa? Yes, but don't get lost. Oh, not me. I'm Pinocchio. And Pinocchio never gets lost. Any minute now, I'll see my dear papa. Oh, I hear somebody coming. We meet again, Pinocchio. Oh, is that you, Papa? I cannot tell a whopper. I am not your papa. Oh, it's you again, the lame fox. You're limping on the wrong leg. The blind putty-tad. Ah, well, Pinocchio. Oh, thank you. I, yeah, wait a minute. How do you know I'm looking well? I, uh, Mr. Fox sold me. Oh, oh, suspicious old me. Pinocchio, my lad, the field of miracles is right across the road. Have you still got your gold coins? Yeah, but it's a wonder.  Oh, how terrible. Yeah, one was about as tall as a fox, and the other robber was about as small as a cat. Uh, you don't know them, do you? Sounds no. Well, here we are. This is the field of miracles. Oh, boy, where do I plant my gold pieces? Right here.  Go away? What for? I mean, so the magic tree can grow. Oh, that's right, I forgot. A watch tree never grows. But when I come back, I'll find a big tree here with thousands of gold pieces on every branch. That's right, Pinocchio. Oh, boy. There now. They're all planted. Well, let's go.  We're going to the seashore for a little vacation. Uh, that is it. If we can dig up enough money to pay for it. Well, I sure hope you can. Well, goodbye, Mr. Fox and Mr. Cat. You're certainly going to do me good. My papa was right. When you do a good deed for somebody, it makes you very happy. But those two guys seem to be overdoing it a little. Oh, maybe this isn't the place. This is the place, all right? Hey, who's talking to me? I am. You remember me? The talking cricket? The talking cricket? But I killed you. Bad little me. And now I'm the ghost of the talking cricket? Imagine that, a talking ghost.  No, but I did see the fox and the cat sneak back here and dig up some little boys' money. Oh, no, they wouldn't do that. They... Or would they? Let me see. The money's not here.  I believe you now. I've been horn-swoggled. I've been flimflam. I've been rob. Three months in jail. Imagine that, a talking dog. Oh, boy, that'll fix it. Why don't you make it six months? Very well, six months in jail for you. Me? Yes.  Take him away. Next case. Hey, wait a minute. I'm Pinocchio. You can't do this to me. Six months, I've been away. What kind of a story can I tell a little fairy with blue hair? Oh, am I kidding? I gotta tell her the truth or get a 20-foot nose. Well, if I gotta, I gotta... A little fairy! Nobody home. That's funny. See, what's that marble stone over there? It wasn't there before. I'll go find out. Oh, no. Here lies the child with the blue hair who died from sorrow because she was abandoned by her little brother Pinocchio.  Why didn't I die instead of you? My home's so wicked. Well, you were so good. My poor papa. Where can he be? Now that I lost both you and my papa, who'd take care of me? Oh, poor, poor Pinocchio. Come here, child. What are you doing there? I'm crying. That's what I'm doing. What do you know? A talking pigeon.  My name is Pouter the Pigeon. Oh, hello, Pouter Pigeon. I know your brother, Walter. I'm looking for a puppet named Pinocchio. Well, if I see him out there, hey. That's me. I'm Pinocchio. Do you know a man named Gepetto? Well, I ought to. He's my papa on my father's side. Where is he, Mr. Pigeon? Oh, he's far, far away on the seashore. What's he doing there? He's building a boat.  Oh, my poor pup. I must get to him as fast as I can. Are you a carrier, Pigeon? No, no, no, but I'll fly you there anyway. Hop on. Oh, thank you, Mr. Pigeon. Okay, I'm ready for the take-off. Hang on. Here we go. Wow, this bird's got rockets in his pocket. On to the seashore, Pigeon. Give her the gun. Good ride, Mr. Pigeon. You're welcome. I'll be showing you, pal. Now, where's my dear papa? Oh, I see him in a little boat, way, way out in the ocean. Papa! Oh, papa! Come back! Pinocchio! Pinocchio! Help! Oh, dear. The waves are washing him out to sea.   Oh, I've been swimming for five days, and I still haven't caught up with my poor papa. Where is he? I think he went that way. Who said that? Oh, my goodness, a talking tuna. Even fishes can talk. Well, if puppets can talk, why can't fishes? Hey, you got a good question there, Bob. But answer my question first. Where's my papa? He's the man in the little boat. He went in that direction, but I hope he hasn't been swallowed up by the giant dogfish. Was there a giant dogfish around here? I'll say there is. He's as big as a five-story house, and he can swallow a railroad train. Now, wait a minute. If you don't believe me, look behind you. Here he comes. Help! Help! Help! It's dark in here. Where am I? You're inside the dogfish, Pinocchio. Oh, hello, Mr. Tuna. Did he swallow you too? Yeah, Pinocchio. We're heading for the last roundup. Oh, this is awful. My papa didn't raise his boy to be a dogfish's breakfast. Well, that's who we are. Well, I hope we give him heartburn. Hey, listen. Somebody's beating a drum. Do they expect us to march down? That's not a drum, Pinocchio. We're going by the dogfish's heart. Wow. Is that the old boy's heart? Sounds more like King Solomon's minds. They were coming too. The cave is the stomach, but I don't know what the light is. I see what it is. It's a candle stuck in the bottle, and the bottle is on the table. And there's a man sitting in a chair reading a paper. Say, this fish has got people in his stomach. Hey, hey, mister, is this where we catch the main street bus? Pinocchio. Oh, it's my papa. Oh, yes. Oh, my dear little Pinocchio. Imagine meeting you here. Yeah, the dogfish swallowed me five days ago. Pull up a chair. How've you been? Who's your friend? Oh, this is Mr. Tuna. Mr. Tuna shake fins with my papa. His name is Egipeto, the woodcarver. How do you do, sir? Welcome to Tummyville, Mr. Tuna. Pinocchio, how did you get here? Oh, we just followed the swallows. Oh, come on, papa. With that candle to light the way, we can find our way back. Yeah, but how can we get out of the dogfish's mouth? Easy, papa. He's got palpitation of the heart.   Last one in may lose a chunk of skin. Wake up! Is it morning already? Yes, and a very special morning, my son. You know something, papa? Being good is more fun than being bad.   It was more than a dream, Pinocchio. Stand up and look in the glass. Okay. Say, who's that funny looking little gink? Wait, it's me.  Oh, little fairy with blue hair. Wherever you are. Thank you. Thank you. You gave me life. I gave you nothing, Pinocchio. You gave yourself the gift that made you real. An understanding heart. Goodbye.  A few years back, I was motoring high in the mountains and came to a narrow turn with steep walls on either side. For a moment, all my attention was concentrated on guiding the car. Then suddenly, on the other side of the pass, the road swiftly broadened and I saw the whole sweep of a valley with rolling hills and a little town set like a jewel in the center. It was just before sunset and all the roofs were purple and the window panes flashing golden fire.  It was the sudden change from narrow vision to expanded beauty that made my mind capture this picture and hold it ever since.  You can read about it, talk about it, even write books about it, just brim full of words. But the experience is quite beyond the span of words. The difference between narrow vision, a mountain pass, and the expanded beauty of the valley. Since my twins arrived, my world has been expanded just like that. And in this expanded world of mine, I'm finding out what a useful tool prayer is. All my thanks, my hopes, my dreams would be but empty sounds, but not for prayer. You can be sure that after Patrice and Ellen learn how to say, Dadda and Mama, I'm going to teach them to say, Our Father who art in heaven. At our house, in our home, Dr. Bill and I know the family that prays together stays together.  Family Theater has brought you Mel Blank in The Adventures of Pinocchio. Joan Leslie was your hostess. Others in the cast were Francis X Bushman, Alan Reed, Howard McNeer, Junius Matthews, Marion Richmond, Jim Nussar, Antonio Dare. The script was adapted by Harry Lawrence, with music composed and conducted by Harry Zimmerman, and was directed for Family Theater by Joseph F. Mansfield. This is Tony LaFranco expressing the wish of Family Theater that the blessing of God may be upon you and your home, and inviting you to join us next week at the same time when Family Theater will present Bob Hope and Jean Cagney in the Long Way Round. Join us, won't you? Sure, as broadcast throughout the world and originates in the Hollywood studios of the world's largest network, The Mutual Broadcasting System.