It's my pleasure to deliver the presentation in KVM Forum this year. My presentation is about the QMQM upgrade test. I will introduce StabilizeAVI and the in-place upgrade to features since they are related to QMQM upgrade test. I'm Min Dong. I'm quality engineer from KVM QE team Red Hat. I'm responsible for StabilizeAVI. It's my pleasure to deliver the presentation in KVM Forum this year. My presentation is about the QMQM upgrade test. I will introduce StabilizeAVI and the in-place upgrade to features since they are related to QMQM upgrade test. I'm Min Dong. I'm quality engineer from KVM QE team Red Hat. I'm responsible for StabilizeAVI, in-place upgrade and some other features tests on both X86 and PPC. It's today's agenda. Let us talk about StabilizeAVI first and then in-place upgrade. What's StabilizeAVI? StabilizeAVI allows virtual machines to be presented with the same AVI across QMQM upgrades. From QE's perspective, regarding it has a subfeature of migration. When QMQM is upgraded to a new version, some aspects of this platform may change as new hardware capabilities are added. You need to make sure that the two machines are actually compatible with each other. If you migrate a virtual machine initially started on an older QMQM to a newer version of QMQM, you need to make sure that the virtual machine is running well in whole process. StabilizeAVI is that hardware profile of virtual machine should not change when QMQM is upgraded. Why we need it? This feature can help to avoid breaking down virtual machines and make sure every feature works well as expected after applying critical bug fix or security mitigation and inter-sector. Besides that, it can help to support new features and new capabilities of the existing features. How does motion type affect StabilizeAVI test? This slide shows you motion types on different architectures. First, motion type helps to emulate different chip sets and the related devices, such as PCN Q35, X86. Architecture, we will talk about it very soon. Second, it provides StabilizeAVI virtual hardware remains the same regardless of changes in host software or hardware. How to know which motion types are supported on QMQM? We have two ways. The first one, we are a single command. We easily know all supported motion types on some QMQM. Second, checking it from QMOS source code also helps. Let us have a look at the picture. We can see motion types on different architectures. PCN Q35, in this slide, let us take a close look at PCN Q35 motion types on X86 architecture. QMQVM supports two main variants of motion type for X86, PCN Q35. PC corresponds to Intel I440FX chip set released in 1996. Q35 corresponds to Intel A2 Q35 chip set released in 2007. The PCN motion type is considered a legacy and does not support many modern features into continuous to push the new chip set Q35, which supports PCIe, AHSI, and other modern features. Although at this time of writing, upstream QMQM has not reached an agreement to remove new variant of PCN motion type from long-term, probably stable Linux distribution are moving to support Q35 only. From QE side, we pay more attention to include Q35 motion type in a stable guest ABI test. As Q35 motion type is very important for virtual machines on X86, I'd like to give a short introduction about it. The Intel Q35 chip set consists of two primary components. The graphic memory controller hub and IO controller hub. The GMCH manages data flow between the CPU interface, the system memory interface, the external graphic interface, and the IO controllers through the direct meter interface. The ICH9 provides a multitude of IO related functions. There are new features are supported on Q35. The first PCIe, PCI X-Price, pro pro component interconnect X-Price. The second, but the ones to host controller interface, or AHSI, is a technical standard for an interface that enables software to communicate with serial other devices. The third, we are MMU emulation. The virtual machine we are MMU is a general device currently only in the Q35 platform suppose virtual machine we are MMU. The fourth, CQ boot. Spells and OVMF, they are included in our test metrics. So I want to introduce them here. Spells is an open source elegance in bells implementation and currently virtual machines use it as default PC bells. Q1 KVM testing will focus on whether it can bootstrap guest correctly, as well as handle as it is protected with orders passed from Q1 KVM command line. OVMF, UEFI for VMs on X86, is called OVMF open virtual machine from where it comes from EDK2, which is the UEFI reference implementation. The unified extension for mobile interface is a specification that defines a software interface between an operating system and platform firmware. Our test metrics of stable guest ABI on X86, PC and spells and Q35 and spells and Q35 and OVMF. Our player products and stable guest ABI test, we should know each version of Q1 KVM or real has been integrated into the upper layer product clearly before we start the test. We can benefit from this kind of information and make the stable guest ABI test more accurate. At least the red hat open stack, red hat open shift and the red hat virtualization with different nano versions. Each version has a cross-ponding real and Q1 KVM version. We put them into the test metrics with high priorities. We pay close attention to the version of Q1 KVM or real from upper layer products. Red hat open shift support for mixed applications running on virtual machine and containers previously known as the container native virtualization. Open shift is a feature of open shift to container platform and is delivered, integrated and managed by the open shift operating free park. Open shift virtualization is an add on to open shift the container platform that allows user to run and manage virtual machine workloads alongside container workloads. It supports Linux and the Windows guest application running on current and all the version of this operating system can be modernized now and deployed and managed as first class citizens using native Kubernetes tools built into the open shift platform. It adds new objects into the open shift the container platform cluster while Kubernetes custom resources to enable virtualization tasks. Now migration is one of those tasks. Basically the stable guest ABI test is aligned to our layer products and we are here. Generally speaking, we make the test strategy of the stable guest ABI from four aspects. First, product lines is about hosted metrics actually. It includes different real product lines as well as Kimokiram components. Second, we need to cover all supported features as well as new features and the new capabilities of the existing features. Third, as the test results is limited and it's not possible for us to test all variant of motion types or architectures. So we need to prioritize the test metrics. For example, the Q35 and the PC motion type on X86 we focus on Q35 much more. Finally, hardware on X86, we will cover stable guest ABI tests for both the internet and AMD host. Those hosts should be compatible with each other. On power, we need to cover stable guest ABI tests on different host too, such as from power eight to power nine, power nine to power nine and power eight to power eight. We have basic test principles for stable guest ABI as follows. Future migration post copy will be covered. Only interaction for motion types will be tested between two different hosts with different Kimokiram installed. And also need to consider spells or OVMFs priorities on different product lines. And it's a basic test workflow that demonstrates how to do a stable guest ABI test. The test workflow has been applied to all architectures. We have two different hosts and have Kimokiram and spells and OVMF installed on those hosts. We run ping pong migration with a motion type list supported one by one from south to destination hosts. The migration includes the migration and post copy. And those machines, virtual machines include both real guest and windows guest. At the same time, we will run heavy workloads on those guests during the test. In-place upgrade, what's the in-place upgrade? In-place upgrade is a way of upgrading a system to a new major release of Red Hat Enterprise Linux by replacing the existing operating system. The in-place upgrade tool is Libre Utility. Kimokiram related the test on X86 and the PPC-64LE and SV9-0X. In-place upgrade test will be performed on both VM and host. The reason why we need to do it on the host is because we need to make sure the Kimokiram component will be upgraded to the correct version and work normally later. Why we need this in-place upgrade feature? There are customers who don't like to do deployment again for their product environment for some reasons. Red Hat provides customers with a better way to solve it. I'd like to say that in-place upgrade is the final alternative before you have to reinstall your operating system. In-place upgrade is a recommended and supported way to migrate your system to next major version for real. After doing in-place upgrade, the existing old operating system is replaced by a new version. But users' configuration and user data will be reserved well. It's one of the advantages of this feature. We will talk more about these features and advantages in the next slide. Why we choose in-place upgrade? Compared with redeployment, in-place upgrade has the following advantages. First, you can preserve your old configuration on your machine. If you redeploy it, all configuration will be removed. Second, it can help you to bypass the subscription management. If you redeploy it, your machines have to be subscribed. Third, with the lift tool, it only takes less than an hour and then you can have your machine upgraded if everything is going well. But if you redeploy it, it takes much more time since you need to install the OS, install the applications and configure everything required on the machine. It's additional time and cost. Finally, it's not complicated for you to use it, so you don't need to be an expert. In this slide, let us talk about upgrade paths. For now, we have two upgrade paths. First, from real seven to real eight. Second, from real eight to real nine. The current strategies provide an in-place upgrade from the latest release of the South System. For example, real seven to nine to either of the latest to even number the manner releases of the next major version of real. If you are an early real manner release with the OS, you can update the system to the latest manner version using either the update or DNF update command and then perform the in-place upgrade to the next major release of real. I want to highlight this. It's not supported for you to perform an in-place upgrade directly from real seven to real nine. However, you can perform an in-place upgrade from real seven to real eight and then perform a second in-place upgrade to real nine. These slides show how to perform in-place upgrade. First of all, the real content should be ready on Red Hat content to deliver network or Red Hat satellite. And then you just did a system by Red Hat subscription management. Or without RHSM, but you need to prepare a repo file on your own if you choose this way, such as locally mirrored repos or mounted real installation ISO or HTTP hosted repos.  If everything goes perfectly, the new upgraded system will be available after less than an hour. About new system, it can be a virtual machine or a host as I mentioned in the upgrade path slide. From curious side, we need to do the post-upgrading test. It's another test story. This slide we will talk about in-place upgrade with or without RHSM. First of all, please allow me to introduce a bit of RHSM. Red Hat subscription management is a customer driven end-to-end solution that provides tools for subscription status and management and integrates with Red Hat system management tools. When customers purchase a subscription to a product, RHSM checks which system in customers inventory are registered to their subscription. Registered system are entitled to support services as there are irata patches and upgrades from the content delivery network. As a customer Red Hat, you have access to update and acknowledge for Red Hat products like Red Hat Enterprise Linux. The access to those products is provided by a subscription to purchase a subscription you procure at SKU, which ties the subscription to an entitled quantity and price. In-place upgrade with RHSM honestly is almost the same to customer scenario. We have three stages. The first, register your system for servers. Second, enable the real content. The third, install lib tool and then run it. Register your system by these commands. These commands help you set server information and the SKU should be attached to the user you're logging in with. So your system can fetch the real content from the server. As I said in the previous slide, which ties the subscription to an entitlement. We need to enable real content. According to your account information, you will have the opportunity to get a poor ID and then attach your system to that pool so you can enable the real content. After you enable the real content, so you can update your system to the latest supporting manner version and then perform the upgrade later. Install lib tool and run pre-upgrade first and then you can get a pre-upgrade report by which you can know if there's any issues on your system before you really perform in-place upgrade. Please fix all the issues on the system by following the instructions from the pre-upgrade report. Run the upgrade command and just need to wait for the lib tool to upgrade your system automatically less than the hour or even much earlier. Let us check the results. Finally, log into your system and you will get a new upgraded system that all configuration have been resolved. From QS perspective, it's not a single test because for us, we need to integrate multiple components and services together and then we can perform it. But on another level, as a customer of Red Hat, it's a very friendly solution for them. Reference QNN in time. Thanks for listening.


People call and they know exactly what they want and they're calling on specific information and guess what? We feel like they're 30 minutes, 45 minutes, an hour away. If it's sold, we just tell them it's sold and at that time they get off the phone and then they call somewhere else. So one of the most common mistakes that I see salespeople make is when a customer calls, they're calling on a specific vehicle and the salesperson says, man, that's sold. And as soon as you say the word sold, they're gone. So how do we train to actually handle an objection like that? Well, I have a little word track that I like to use and I want to tell you this. Once you get through the objection, then you can actually get to where you want to go. So there's no magic thing that you can just blurt out if a car is sold and it overcomes it. But what you can do is you can actually let the customer know that yes, the car is sold, but then immediately open the sale back up to more options. I mean, think about it, all right? If the customer called and you may work at a dealership that says, hey, if somebody calls on the car and if it's sold, I want you to tell them it's sold and we're not lying to nobody. And I'm great with that because I don't lie to people. But I also want to say, maybe you work for a dealership that's like, hey, if somebody calls on a car and if they ask if it's sold, then you say, no, it's not sold, then just get them in the door.  But most of the time, especially with Express Buying and it being in, I don't know, 2020 now, in that age and era, people call and they know exactly what they want and they're calling on specific information. And guess what? We feel like that they're 30 minutes, 45 minutes, an hour away. If it's sold, we just tell them it's sold. And at that time, they get off the phone and then they call somewhere else. And they just go and look, imagine this, how many times have you told the customer that you still have the car and then they still didn't show up, right?  So if you just tell them that it's sold and it's a straight, cold, no, man, they're going to just move on. So I have a little system that I use and obviously today's about phone training and I'm teaching you how to not act like a normal salesperson that just says no. And I talk about a few things like newer vehicle, less miles for even a better deal. So it kind of sounds like this in our role play with you. It goes, hey Andy, so do you still have that Ford F-150? And I say, hey, I apologize, look, I'm looking at my computer real quick. I just saw it pulled up front this morning. So I don't know if it's sold, but I do know we have a lot of people coming and looking at, where are you calling from today? How far away are you? And I kind of just test that water and I kind of feel out where they are. And then let's just say the guy says, hey, I'm three hours away. Well, that guy is not going to just swing by to take a look at the inventory. So I would say something to him so I could actually open up the cell so I could actually have something else to talk about, get through the objection, and then actually help land him on a different vehicle. Let's say, you know, hey, it does look like that vehicle actually sold earlier or somebody's even on a test drive with it right now, and it's not sold yet, but it does look like it's going to sell. Here's what I'd like to do. If I could offer you and show you even a newer vehicle with less miles for even a better deal, would you be interested in that? And I'd just be quiet and they say, so you're saying a newer vehicle less miles, better deal. Yeah, I'm asking you, would you be interested in that if I had that deal? And they say, well, of course I would. And I say, awesome. OK, tell me exactly what it is that you're needing. I know you're calling on the 2019 Ford F-150. It's red. It's got 20,000 miles. You know, would you go color blind for a great deal or is color a big deal to you? The guy starts out by saying, hey, listen, I'll take anything but black. I say, OK, cool, man. So are you replacing something now? Like, what do you have now? And all of a sudden, guess what? The objection the car sold is now buried in the past and I can do my job. So I want you guys to think about this. When somebody calls on a vehicle and they say, is that car sold, right? I always say, hey, it was pulled up front. There's somebody coming to look at it. Or maybe it might even be on a test drive. Let me just double check real quick. How far away are you calling from? That is a deciding factor to really how I'll handle it. But if it is sold and you do need to tell somebody it's sold, say, hey, would you mind taking a better deal on a car with lower miles? You know what I'm saying? That's even a newer model. Would that be something that you'd be interested? They say, yeah. And you say, OK, cool.  And all of a sudden, we can actually start talking about some stuff to open back up the cell. Look, I see salespeople all the time. And they say, hey, Andy, that's really not that special. No, it really is. Because whenever I took phone calls, and by the way, in 2020, everybody wants to express buying. Everybody wants to get on the phone. Most business, I'd say a lot of it anyways, will be continuing to go towards phones. So guess what? If that's the case and people are calling, I know right now in 2020 we have a shortage of inventory in July. It may not be that way six months from now. But when people call, if you tell somebody something sold, they're going to stop and then move to the next dealership. But I'm going to say, hey, would you be interested in something that was newer, had less miles for even a better deal? And they will say, yeah. And then I'll have more to talk about with them. And then I can actually help move them to another piece of inventory. But you have to follow it up with that. Look, hey, maybe that is sold, or yes, it is sold. But I want to ask you a question. If I had a newer vehicle with even less miles for even a better deal, is that something you'd be interested in? They'll always say yes. Who could say no to that? They'll say yes. And then guess what you say? OK, great. And then go on to color. Go on to options. And what do you have now? And then guess what? Now the cell can actually be opened so you can actually help them. So this is a short video over phone training. But I had somebody earlier that sent me a text message to say, hey, Andy, this is a third time today due to shortage of inventory that I've had to tell someone else that the car sold. And they say, as soon as I told them it was sold, they just hung up the phone. And I'm like, OK, cool. So why don't you tell them that, yeah, it looks like that car sold. Maybe you don't give them a solid yes. But say, would you be interested in a newer model with less miles for even a better deal? Would that be something that you'd consider? Well, yeah. OK, great. Now you got some yeses. Now work your way back into it. Open the cell. Find out what got them into the marketplace. I mean, think about it. These are real people. They're going to buy from somebody. And that person will probably be the person that have the best relationship with. Well, here's your perfect opportunity. And then you can figure out what will be the best way to go. So with that being said, this is just a quick video. It's over phone training. Phone is important. So I thought I would shoot this real quick. I hope you guys have a great day. And I hope you find it helpful. Hey, guys. Congratulations on making it to the end of the video. Obviously, you're the determined ones. And you guys crush it. You're the one percenters. I just want to tell you, number one, I appreciate you. And anything you need, reach out to me. If you're struggling with anything, leave a comment in the comments section below. I always answer all my own comments. I'll reach out and help you. Also, don't forget to set up a strategy call with me. It's free. It takes 20 minutes. You can click the link below, too. And you can join me. I'd love to help you make a game plan to crush it. Hope you guys have a great day.


Hi guys, welcome back to my channel. It's yet another celebration. This is Max from the Met's creation I say it with class. I say it very loud. It is Uganda again. It is Uganda again another gold meadow in the 5000 meters. Hi guys, welcome back to my channel. It's yet another celebration. This is Max from the Met's creation I say it with class. I say it very loud It is Uganda again. It is Uganda again another gold meadow in the 5000 meters by Joshua Kipteg Thank you so much for representing the country. Thank you so much for representing us. Thank you so much It is yet another victory for Uganda. It is yet another gold meadow in the Tocho Olympics Joshua Kiptegay of Uganda took the gold meadow in the many 5000 meters surviving a physical and tactical race to hold off Mohammed, Hamad of Canada and Paul Kilalimo of the United States Kipteg established himself as the top distance runner in the world in 2020 rewriting the record book for the 5000 and 10,000 meters Kipteg took his time in taking control of the race on a heavy night at the National Stadium He was in the middle of the park of halfway though as the runners took turns keeping the race harness from the front as the race moved towards its climax it became a distance running as a contract sport There were elbows and knees and heels glanging towards as the leaders battled for the position Kilalimo, a 30-year-old American, moved to the front with three laps to go before giving away for Nicholas Kamele of Kenya but as the bell sounded Kipteg denote what he was expected to do moving to the front and opening up just enough of a lap on the back stretch to make it a race For second and third place, Hamad came on a strong final 100 meters with Kilalimo out switching Kilalimo in the final 5 meters and falling off the finish line to take the bronze Thank you so much for Kipteg for representing the country Thank you for giving us that gold medal we are representing Thank you for representing the country It is yet another gold medal for Uganda in the 5000 meters Kipteg, thank you for representing the country We shall always support you, we shall always look on to you Thank you so much By the way, don't forget to subscribe to my channel for these kind of videos for this kind of information Thank you so much for God and my country More than nothing to give back to you By the way, don't forget to watch my next videos and do not forget to subscribe to this channel Thank you, see you again


Carolina from Mexico asks, is it a requirement to be in a graduate program to apply for admission to an English program? No. I don't think so. In reference to like an ESL program, I don't know, a lot of programs that I'm familiar with and the one at Catholic, you can apply to them before going to undergraduate study. I think the real aim of those programs is to prepare students for studying the U.S. for both undergraduate and graduate programs.


Welcome back to Think Tech. I'm Jay Feindel and today we're here with Peter Hoppenberger. We're talking about how history is here to help. I really like that name. And Peter and I are going to talk about, you know, together in this show. We're going to talk about how history out of the 30s helps inform us about what's happening now because I think we're having trouble understanding exactly what is happening now. You know, as an ongoing inquiry is to who are the 74 million people? Who are the people who are so divided about so many things? Who are the people who support Trump even after he takes steps to break the Constitution on a daily basis and lies 30,000 times? Who are those people and why are they following him? And the inquiry we want to make is what happened in the 30s. Are there similarities to the elements that dictators use to come to power? And, you know, in evaluating that, maybe we can find ways to reverse this process. And short of reversing this process, my guess is we'll have some more of it. Good afternoon, Peter. Nice to see your smile. Good to see you. Lovely shirt as always. Thank you, man. I said we stand for you. Shopping for you? Of course. So, you know, I mean, I'm sure you've observed that this is not going away anytime soon, that we have a divided country and we have some people who don't use critical thinking and who follow the leader wherever the leader goes, whatever he, whoever he shoots on Fifth Avenue, so to speak, whoever he, you know, incites to violence. And we need to figure out why they do that and why they vote for him after all the mischievous that he has accomplished in four years. And, you know, I guess what I, what I, my, my own points of reference are propaganda, scapegoating and the big lie, those things that we all learned about when we studied this period at school. And I wonder what your thoughts are about the elements of the rise of dictatorships, absolutism, you know, in Europe, in the 30s and whether those things are present now and what we can learn from the comparison. Okay, well, thanks a lot for inviting me, as always. And I love chatting with you. Let me begin by saying that I don't represent the University of Hawaii, as you know, so I'm happy to have a very frank chat with you and you can, your listeners can just blame me. All right, so if anybody wants to storm any buildings, it's just my condo. Please don't storm David Lasker's office. I guess we should begin by looking at the nature of comparison, because I think folks, folks are inclined to throw around a lot of terms these days. And I'm not faulting them. But as a historian versus, for example, a political scientist, we try to look at context. So what's happening when, and try to figure out if the essences of what's happening then, for example, the 30s are the same as the essences that are happening now or when you're going to compare. So I think I would probably be wary of using terminology, but let's use a term comparison, right, doesn't lock us into things are exactly the same or equivalency. So I would say you're absolutely right about the 30s. And we can talk about the 30s. I also think though, the problem at least in the West, and I'm using the West very broadly. So generally Western European ideas, American ideas, where they were imposed or adopted, this problem probably goes back even further. So let's start with the 30s, then we can push it back a little bit. I think I would use the term authoritarian perhaps more than a dictator or a popular kind of dictator, popular authoritarianism. And if we began by just comparing, so you're asking me, you know, what can we learn from the 30s? I think there's some similarities that help us and we don't need to go to Europe. We could just look at the United States. There's an old adage in people of the Jewish persuasion that anybody debating who refers to Hitler or the Holocaust, ipso facto loses the debate. Okay, that's an unfair playing card, right? It's the ace. You can't play that card. So let's play the card of the 30s, which I think is very apropos. And let's look at the US, which a lot of people already already know about. For example, the rise of people like Father Coughlin, the rise of Lindberg, Lindberg, because obviously the American first was something that I don't know whether Trump knew it or not. I'm sure some of his political writers did was a reference to isolationism, right? America going alone. Coughlin, as I said, using the radio, scapegoating, primarily Jews, but when Coughlin got on the radio, you know, Protestants were included and people of color. He's most noted for being an anti-Semite. We can talk about a significant economic crisis, which can't just be tweaked. So, you know, stagflation under Nixon, it could be tweaked and we could manage in a general way. But this economic crisis is of a nature similar to the oppression where it's not just tweaking that you need to do. You need to actually rethink the fundamental nature of the economy. So I think those are all very, very important uncertainties, which can very easily lead people to follow. You know, I would not say Trump is charismatic in the traditional way of charisma, but he is very capable of what we might call the dog whistle approach, right? It's not necessarily that you're charismatic, but you know the terms to use. You know the metaphors. You know the analogies. One of the elements that I see, you know, the elements that in the pot, you know, in the environment, in the US in the 30s, and also in Europe in the 30s, is that, you know, there was a depression. People were unhappy with their lot. They were having this kind of national identity crisis about what happened at World War I. And so were we. You know, I mean, make the world safe for democracy was not universal. And I think by the time, you know, we got ensconced in the 30s, we really wondered where we were going and whether, you know, there was a future for us. And I think a lot of people like that were in Europe. And a lot of people like that now, they're not happy. You can say the stock market, you know, went over 30,000 points, but that doesn't help a lot of people. They don't have a good life and they know it. In fact, they sit there. This is very interesting. I think Nvidia's comparison, Veblen, if you ever looked at him, they sit there and look at the TV. And the TV shows them these expensive cars. It shows them all these expensive things that they will never have. And this makes them invidious. It makes them unhappy. And I think we have a lot of people in this country who are unhappy. And that's probably a major element in reaching out and accepting the word of a cold figure like Trump. Okay. I absolutely agree. Let's push that a little bit. Economic unhappiness is intensified when there is clear, articulate economic inequality. So yes, I watch TV and I may not get the Ferrari, but I do look and I see other people driving that Ferrari. So, and that was also true during the Great Depression, of course. There's the old jokes about the wealthy yelling outside of Roosevelt's apartment in New York, claiming he was a communist. The New Yorker has wonderful ads. And there certainly were people. Now, the stock market, of course, did crash. That is a major difference. But there was inequality. So I would agree with you. It's not just the sense of I'm going to need three or four jobs to be able just to pay rent. It's that I do look around and I do see other people doing quite well. I don't want to pick on anybody in particular. I don't think that gets us very far. But we might think, for example, Jeff Bezos, and it's not to pick on him. But the sense that, yes, I absolutely need Amazon to deliver what I can barely afford. And the owner of the company is doing very well. Now, that's simplistic. I don't want to leave it there. I don't think that gets us very far as to picking on an individual. Because in that sense, like picking on President Trump, we're missing the system. As you talk about the 30s, there's a tremendous amount of scholarship on Hitler. But much of it misses the point, which is why people followed Hitler. You can do all you want about studying Hitler. There are claims that he was missing a testicle. There are claims that his mother was killed by a Jew. And there are lots of psychological analyses of Trump, which is fine as far as leader per se. But as a historian, one of the issues is why people follow those individuals. That is a question. So I think that, again, the 30s provide a good comparison in Europe. One of the things that people have been discussing about fascism and have tried to differentiate American fascism or Trump from European fascism was the experience of the First World War. And you mentioned that. But I think that that allows us to think about the significance of war in Trumpism. And it's not just the militarism. I mean, when you look at what a difference between Black Lives Matter, well, yes, there was violence, but most people were not armed. Most people did not serve in the military and wear a garb versus what was in fact a particularly well organized military assault on the Capitol. That was the nature of fascism. It has always been the nature of fascism, the march, the militaristic aspect. In fact, it's not violence to actually achieve something. It's violence in and of itself, which is so important. So I would say the element of militarism or violence. And that's where I'm not trying to read you astray, but there's a lot of scholarship saying that European fascism per se arose in the 30s out of veterans, people who felt they missed the war, of course, the Germans stab in the back argument. And I think there are some very significant comparative points in Trumpism. And I'd like us to think about really the legacy of the Vietnam War. And I think the legacy of the Vietnam War drives much of Trumpism. The Vietnam War mythology, like the American Civil War, lost cause mythology is based upon a big lie. The big lie about the Vietnam mythology is the U.S. could have and should have won the war militarily, but it was held back by bureaucrats, held back by kids with long hair protesting. That's our own American version of the stab in the back. And if you look historically, because I want to push this back, you know, before the 1930s, because there were authoritarian popular dictators in Europe and the West well before the 1930s. They were fascists with little F well before the 1930s. And one of the consistent of building stones and bricks of these kinds of movements is the argument that we have lost a war because of somebody else. So the classic case is the driver's affair. It's the blame game. Right. But you lose something, you're likely to look for somebody to blame. Right. But the key point here I really think is not just the economy is a war. When you think about the phrase make America great again, part of that is military strength. It's quote unquote control of the streets. It is the assertion of power. Now, Trump is not a war monger in many ways. He's quite the opposite. But he does want to have the ability to assert militarism and power at home probably as much as overseas. And part of making America great again, quote unquote, is to be selling weapons all around the world. And that's a twofer for Trumpism, because its ability to make money, to employ people to build weapons, but send the weapons overseas so that Americans don't die from the use of those weapons. And I think we see historically and to push it further back after all, the first really prominent enduring popular dictator or popular authoritarian figure was Napoleon. Napoleon was the one who articulated modern propaganda. Napoleon was the one who believed in rule of law. And the Napoleonic code in many cases actually was more liberal than a lot of others. But it wasn't the rule of law in which there were independent courts making independent decisions, right? It was the rule of law in which the political figures, the political party ensured who the judges were. So yes, there was a rule of law. And that's been very common. So there were plenty of laws and not security, plenty. They were all imposed by judges who were approved by the party. That's one aspect I think that scholars have pointed out, and I'm not telling you anything new, that one of the lasting legacies of Trumpism, which is really McConnellism, it's not Trumpism. McConnellism is control of federal judiciary. And McConnell blocks most of Obama's appointments. We know about the famous Supreme Court ones, but he blocked all of the lower ones. So for example, the recent Supreme Court appointee out of the Court of Appeals, she is in her position because McConnell blocks a very talented, capable African-American woman from that position. All right, so this goes very deeply. And that I think, again, none of your viewers will think of this as anything new. They all know it is that authoritarianism, popular authoritarianism is in good part controlled through the legal system. And that doesn't mean just making the laws, right?  You know that reviewing the laws, are they constitutional or not? Are they acceptable or not? And I think when people talk about authoritarianism, fascism with a little f, because we don't have a fascist party, the Republicans are not a fascist party. There are people in there with fascist inclinations, but we're really not talking about them. They don't seem to have multi-dimensional to them. It's just whatever Trump wants. It seems to be whatever Trump and McConnell wants. I don't think McConnell should be given a pass. No, I totally agree with you. And I don't trust them now on the question of the impeachment trial. But let me go back to the question of how these guys got in power, and they're really mischievous. You know, once you get in power, you can be mischievous. The question is, how did they get in power? A nation put them in power. The system put them in power. And how did we get off the track as Europe did and as the US did in earlier parts of our history, where the public was fooled, you know? Demagogue comes up. Demagogue lies to them. Demagogue uses propaganda and scapegoatism and whatever other tools are out there. And presto, the demagogue, is in power and he's liberated. He's free to do whatever he wants, because the people who voted for him will follow him. And it's that relationship I'm so interested in for this comparison. Why do these people who got up on the steps of the Capitol and did really terrible things, why are these people who are attacking the state capitals and just doing completely outrageous things at the other end of a dog whistle, why do they follow him? What is it about the United States? What has history done to make them like this? It's sociology, psychology, mass psychology, but ultimately it's history that we can study and figure out what happened here. Okay, so let's go back to where you started, which is in trying to find a comparison. So let's do two things if it's okay with your listeners. Let's think in general terms, for example, what has happened in the U.S. could be compared to other things and though remind ourselves that even in the world of global social media, each political nation is in fact unique. That may not be a good thing, that might be a bad thing, but there are characteristics of the U.S. system or the American's history, which are clearly different from Europe in the 1930s or look, there are plenty of leaders like Trump, Modi in India, the leaders of Hungary, Putin. So they're also similar but different. So let's talk about the similarities and then the differences. Okay, I mean the similarities probably go back to what you saw in the studies, which is the nature of despotism, which is nothing new. And despots have always appealed to quote, unquote, the mob. Always. That's not. And they have usually gained power by kind of gangsterism. And I think the way to understand Trump is through his lawyer, Rudy Giuliani has gone on a record saying every Sunday, he and his staff watched The Godfather. But he said that and I think, and this is not an ethnic slur by any means at all. And you and I both know I love the city of New York, but it is a kind of romanticization right of the New York bully. Each city has its own style. And Mayor Daley was clearly a bully. Okay, Rizzo in Philadelphia, but there's a New York style. And that reminds us of a kind of gangsterism, which right could be a matter of shooting something in the head. And that's how the early Nazis began. They were just Well, I am thinking it goes to the Al Capone, Johnny and Clyde. These were heroic figures. These are romantic figures. You know, where the crowd, the mob, the people supported them like them. They became hero, anti heroes, right. And I think maybe that's what you're talking about. We're talking about that combined with they exist because they can claim to be representing the mob against X and X is almost always the establishment, the orthodoxy, the institutions. And so when you look at people who say the several thousand who stormed the Capitol, you know, it wasn't just they listened to Trump. It was that they were anti establishment, anti institutions. They were libertarian thoughts about the integrity of libertarianism. All right. So, and that's also a case in which all these arise, right? I mean, the Nazi party was a minority party, but clearly there were problems with the Biden Republic, the establishment of the minority republic. Okay, clearly Napoleon rose because the revolutionary establishment wasn't working. So it always is. And again, this is nothing profound. I mean, everybody talks about this, but, you know, you do need a target. And that target is filled by things you said to begin the big lie, right? The establishment is only interested in itself, for example, or the establishment's only interest in helping certain people. I think that's, that's true throughout. Sometimes as a historian, maybe not as a sociologist, as a historian, I often think of the difficulty of an establishment is even when it's virtuous and its promises are profound, no establishment can actually ever come through with all the promises. It just can't. And so that's a political problem. Like take liberal England, for example, lots of difficulties and everybody knows that. But there were the promises of, for example, property ownership. Okay, how do you rectify that promise with unbelievable poverty? Right? So even when you have a well meaning establishment, look at the difficulties FDR had, you know, well meaning. So I think I've agreed with you entirely. I'm just saying there needs to be attention.  So there's a sense of resentment, a sense of alienation. Now, having said that, I think there are some clear reasons in US history, why this happened. All right, some, I think every, most of them say everybody already has heard. So again, I don't know if I'm adding to the conversation, but maybe we're putting it all together, right? We're putting you in little pieces. Okay, I don't think anybody today can wake up and not be convinced about the centrality of racism. Deep, deep racism. And that racism and the well intention goal of trying to overcome that has promoted resentment. I mean, look at the Auschwitz sweatshirt. Look at the noose. Look at the lack of African American participation. Look at the way everybody has said that those protesters probably were aided and vetted. I didn't see any policemen helping Black Lives Matter, right? I didn't see any policemen opening the door to let Black Lives Matter into a building. I think we have to recognize the role of racism in our system. Yeah, but it's, the racism isn't the Black Lives Matters people. It's the white guys. No, no, I'm saying the comparison. No, I agree. The comparison, one of the points, the data points racism would be to compare and contrast the different approaches to law enforcement. So Black Lives Matter, which begins and continues as really a peaceful movement. I know there's some violence. We know that. Okay, but the violence is an exception. The violence is not built into Black Lives Matter movement. Yet Black protesters were blocked from buildings. Black protesters were attacked and arrested. Peaceful Black Lives Matter protesters. Look, a 70-year-old man was thrown aside by the police. A 60-year-old veteran was beaten up. All right? That didn't happen. Trump is appealing to the police. He's appealing to the white guys. I think we have the same thing happened in Germany. You know, you take somebody who's been at the wrong end of anti-Semitism and then you widen that divide is what Trump has done as Adolf Hitler did. You widen that divide by inciting the racists who are white and not minority in each case and have them go after the minority. And that's part of the scapegoat. That would be one point in U.S. history, which is to recognize the significance of race and the failure of the establishment. Even, you know, the well-meaning establishment because of the American idea, and look, it's not incorrect or correct, but it is an American idea that somehow the Civil War and somehow the 13th Amendment did everything that needed to be done. And there are plenty of well-meaning people who believe that. Okay. The establishment, unfortunately, has pretty well accepted that until the great society, really. I mean, even FDR had some weaknesses on this question, but where isn't really in social... Certainly Woodrow Wilson and another... Oh, absolutely. I mean, there are people who are...  I just think he wants attention. Wilson was a racist through and through. So that was the... I guess we will definitely continue this. So that would be one point. And you could draw some analogies, right? Certainly anti-Semitism in Germany, anti-Islamic fervor in India. There's some similarities, but race and ethnicity and religion are not the same. So it is a racial problem here. Secondly, again, nothing profound. We have to remember that we have a system which is not direct voting. So Mrs. Clinton and Joe Biden both overwhelmingly won the popular vote. We need to remember this. And it's not about... And we have the Electoral College, which is an unusual system, right? So the Electoral College appeals to something which is in American history, which is very strong regionalism, which began, I think every American historian recognizes, with the need to allow the slave states and allow less populated agricultural areas to balance with the Hamiltonian view. And the Hamiltonian view, right, is the view in many cases, very similar in many cases, to the Democratic Party. Democratic Party is primarily urban. It's not primarily rural. Democratic Party is primarily a party of taking capitalism and property and trying to spread it, trying to. And that's Hamilton, right? It's economic progress. But there has been a build-in, right, antagonism. To me, a lot of this, and I'm not an American historian expert, let me just end with this and we'll continue. A lot of this goes back to, for example, the Articles of Confederation, States' Rights. The U.S. does not particularly resolve problems that all large polities have, which is the federal versus the states. The Russians have a different answer to it, right? The children have had a different answer to it. You know, what it tells us is that people don't believe in the system. A lot of people don't believe in the system. They don't believe in the electoral college. They don't believe that, you know, the government is doing the right thing. Whether they're on the right side of a given issue morally or not, they just don't believe in the government. And they don't believe that they're part of the government. You know, my whole thing is, I don't think the draft should have ended or national service should have ended because that allows people to separate themselves from the government and see themselves as disconnected from the government. And I think that's got to be part of it. You know, the Reichstag was an interesting symbolic act that took advantage of the fact that people didn't have confidence in the government anymore. And I think that's part of Trump's thing too. But here, we only have a minute or two left, Peter. And I want to see if there's any lessons in here that we could, you know, refer to to reverse some of this and to make people trust the government, to make people distrust the demagogue, to rid ourselves of the kind of poison that he has exacerbated over the past four years. Is there anything we can learn from history on how to deal with this?  The question is, what can we do for the 74 million people who have been, in my view, deceived? Okay, one minute, 50 seconds. So let me say some things that will lead us to our future conversation. Okay, one is if we're going to have a participatory democratic political system, we have to make a commitment to compromise. So one of the first steps politically is to develop, and this means turning one's back a little bit on the extremes in both cases, but look for political compromises so we can build some precedents. You know, I've heard that so many times, but if one side of the compromise discussion is really loony tunes, just awful.  And you know what, some people act in ways in which they are not relevant to the conversation. There is no compromise with people who storm the cap. That's not the issue. Are there compromises with some of the Republicans who have finally said, all right, enough is enough? And are there compromises with some of the more, and again, I'm not making a moral judgment, so I'm just talking about the spectrum, the more extreme Democrats, we're going to push Biden as well. So that's why I meant by a compromise. So for example, Biden is going to have to reach out for his government, obviously, not just Biden. Administration at all levels, because a lot of this is state and local too, right? For example, in Pennsylvania, the Republican legislature refused to seat a democratically elected Democrat. So this is not just a federal thing, right? We should be very careful. This is a state and local thing as well. It's going to be a matter of state, local, and federal people having to put aside perhaps their wildest dreams or the timescale of those wildest dreams and find relatively small, doable successes. And I'll leave you with one that maybe will be of interest to some of your listeners. The question of outstanding student loans and outstanding loans that nurses and doctors still have, that should be really right across the board kind of issue. That's not a Republican or Democratic issue, right? You talk about national service, well, somebody who spends 14 hours taking care of COVID virus victims or patients, that's national service. So I'm talking about small steps like that, agreeing on a number for the checks that need to be sent and admitting that some people getting the checks should not be getting the checks. There's no perfect system, but the desire for perfection, right? The old phrase is, the good is a victim of the perfect. We have to emphasize, I think Biden is actually in a position to do that. And I think that his biggest problem is not going to come from the Republicans. I think it's going to come from the left in the Democratic Party. That's a good place to end our discussion. That's a scary, scary, but I don't mean the left in a disparaging way. So I'm using a neutral way. So people who want to take what you said about the system in crisis and radically altering the system. And I can just say, and I'm sure your viewers know, that I don't necessarily disagree with them. I'm just trying to look at this in an impersonal, analytical, political way. And Karl Marx always said that don't worry about the people marching towards you. Look to your right and your left. They're going to be the people are going to cause you the biggest problems. So let's do it again. History is here to help extend this conversation. We'll find a way to build on it. And a couple of weeks time we'll be back. Okay, Peter. That sounds very good. And you can let me know what topic. I mean, we can continue this one. If there's something else that you'd like to talk about, I can also reach out to see if we can get a guest to know a lot more than I do. All right. Thank you very much.


免раш,  Weight was ного నేన్ Avenue astronomy ఒమండి NXTommes Dewa ఉపి mówią చ౔నడిনా Shane టాఫికి P 요 我 YoursUpnietzt 謝謝 mine in食 టోక౉ิర వాఎషిoyo టాక కాఆఇ పౢాంఱి tissue Amould Wally Mlle కిటూటి ja ౪స్ిzia నిఈత intent 不要 మితరంి Management iç by section 64 of the public finance management act cap 15.01 that money borrowed by the government must be paid into or form part of the consolidated fund and whereas the municipal finance considered it necessary to borrow an amount of 11,500 special joint rights in this resolution referred to as the credits. The loan from the international available association to finance the organization of eastern Caribbean states skills and innovation project and whereas the maximum commitment charge rate payable is one half of one percent per annum on the on with joint balance and whereas a service charge is payable at a rate of three-fourths of one percent per annum on the with joint credit balance and whereas the principal amount of the credit is repayable on the first day of April and the first day of October in each year and whereas the principal amount of the credit is repayable over a period of 40 years with a grace period of 10 years be it resolved that parliament offerizes a municipal finance to an amount of 11,500,000 special joint rights in this resolution referred to as the credits. The loan from the international development association to finance the organization of eastern Caribbean states skills and innovation project build for the reserve that a maximum commitment charge rate is one half of one percent per annum on the on with joint balance a service charge is payable at a rate of three-fourths of one percent per annum on the with joint credit balance principal amount of the credit is repayable on the first day of April and the first day of October in each year the principal amount of the credit is repayable over a period of 40 years with a grace period of 10 years. Mr. Speaker as the resolution read it's actually a loan to finance the OECS skills innovation project Mr. Speaker the 11 and it's alone for 11.5 million sdrs which is equivalent to a 15 million us dollars and it's from the international association for the OECS skills and innovation project and you as you note Mr. Speaker the interest rates and if you know Mr. Speaker what's happening interest rates worldwide these days and you note that the interest rate for this loan is the maximum commitment charge rate payable is one half of one percent per annum on the on with joint balance and three-fourths of one percent per annum on the with joint credit balance and Mr. Speaker this loan is to improve the skills of people we are borrowing money to improve the skills of people keeping it in theme with what the government stands for putting people first so this money will be used Mr. Speaker to deal with the unemployment situation among young people in two OECS states Grenada and St. Lucia Mr. Speaker Mr. Speaker you'll be pleased to note that when at the end of this year this fiscal year when the unemployment figures will be given you will find that there has been a tremendous dent in the unemployment rate among young people in St Lucia and the facts Mr. Speaker will speak for themselves Mr. Speaker the facts will speak for themselves there's St Lucia I don't want Mr. Speaker I am not many revelations and many truths will be revealed very soon very soon Mr. Speaker the truth the truth of the state of the St Lucia economy as demonstrated by economic metrics not in UNDO economic metrics facts that can be proven both quantitatively and qualitatively in the lives of the people of St Lucia these are going to be revealed very shortly but but that that loan Mr. Speaker is basically to improve the skills of young people in this country Mr. Speaker as you know Mr. Speaker sometime ago I I was addressing some people in London Mr. Speaker and I made a point and I'll make it again because it is a belief that if you make something sound stupid even though it's not stupid the person who said it would believe it's stupid but that doesn't work I'm focused and that's my problem my problem is I'm focused so if you say and you write and you in UNDO and say what I say is stupid once I know enough stupid I'll say it again and I'll say I'll say what I said again I said Mr. Speaker that COVID made me understand more deeply I said that COVID pandemic may be understand more deeply the impact of the tourism industry on the lives of the people of St Lucia that's what I said and I'll say it again Mr. Speaker so they went along and they said I said I didn't know what the reason me Mr. Speaker but you know that's noise I don't miss it that problem if me it I'm focused so noise doesn't bother me Mr. Speaker we found that after COVID a large section of the workforce who had been employed into tourism Mr. Speaker found themselves out of job they were employed at all levels of the hotel of the hotel industry Mr. Speaker because you see Mr. Speaker the hotel industry what makes it work is if there is vertical integration vertical integration means that people are involved at all levels of the industry so what we strive to do is stop it from hold the horizontal development and try to make it vertical Mr. Speaker and to be vertical means you must have skills you don't have only to be a a a a restaurante or a waiter or house or housekeeper you need to have skills you don't have skills in IT you need to have skills in in in in in the culinary arts you don't have the skills Mr. Speaker so we found Mr. Speaker that a number of people who employed in tourism industry both with St Lucia and Grenada when these two countries the impact was was even stronger Mr. Speaker that we found that these people had to be reskilled and these people had to learn different skills so they can be they can get ready for the market Mr. Speaker so Mr. Speaker hoping that that economic shock that COVID calls to the industry and in St Lucia Mr. Speaker we are particularly affected because St Lucia we borrowed over 300 million dollars for COVID Mr. Speaker because we had absolutely no savings that the government had no savings so we had to borrow money borrow money to pay salaries and it's a very it's a good thing Mr. Speaker that our city servants remained employed during that period albeit the fact that we had to borrow money to pay the Mr. Speaker but Mr. Speaker we are gradually coming out of these of that of these ages with the speaker and the government Mr. Speaker will be able will be able to pay civil servants and pay debt Mr. Speaker but that's under a show Mr. Speaker so Mr. Speaker we found that the youth unemployment rates were exceptionally high Mr. Speaker in St Lucia at that time it was said that between 37 and 45 percent of the young people in St Lucia were unemployed during that period and what and what what happened Mr. Speaker these young people were displaced and they could not find employment because they didn't have the necessary skills to be able to work in other parts of the industry Mr. Speaker so our productivity failed Mr. Speaker and there were skills shortages so the impact of that loan is to upgrade the skills of these young people Mr. Speaker that hopefully would be the impact of the loan Mr. Speaker so Mr. Speaker what are the components of that loan Mr. Speaker number one Mr. Speaker first of all Mr. Speaker this this loan Mr. Speaker it's hope hopefully the productivity of the region will increase and in the long run its growth and the negative impact of skills shortages will be reduced because these young people are going to be reskilled Mr. Speaker Mr. Speaker the mismatches that exist between the high youth unemployment and the mismatch and the skills mismatches because you find when some young people are going to look for a job you ask them what they don't want to do they say anything there is no job as anything there is no job called anything but it's because of the mismatch Mr. Speaker the young person and the availability of jobs to match their skills Mr. Speaker that is why they say they can do anything Mr. Speaker but there's another story Mr. Speaker which which which will be told and which was criticized and written about and and all kinds of of of thunder and and and and all kinds of things Mr. Speaker was said Mr. Speaker but that story is a story that will be told short Mr. Speaker is the story of the youth economy concept of solution Mr. Speaker the ye concept when that story will be told Mr. Speaker that story will be told so regardless of all the the the kind the the papi shoy and things Mr. Speaker remain in focus that story is going to be told Mr. Speaker remain in focus so Mr. Speaker this increasing is also called Mr. Speaker increase investment in research development and innovation Mr. Speaker what that means is that there will be an increased investment in technology technological adaptations so that means that young people will be able to use the modern use the new economy because of the training that they will undergo Mr. Speaker because there are a number of young people who work from their homes a number of people they create a problem from their homes using the the the technology available Mr. Speaker and Mr. Speaker it's very important and you know it shows the government's plan Mr. Speaker we never said key guidance in computers Mr. Speaker what we did what we did Mr. Speaker is we started the one computer one laptop per child per school in solution Mr. Speaker because we knew we knew that in spite again of all the slum and economy that we knew that if you give there is nothing in this world that's perfect Mr. Speaker you can find downsides in everything in this world there is never a perfect solution anything you do Mr. Speaker there will be some level of downside must be but we knew that in the main if you give every child access to a computer together with smart classrooms and together teaching children how to use this machine Mr. Speaker you would have the increase in technological knowledge and increasing skills and that said the Ministry of Education must be commended for the work as it relates to technology in schools Mr. Speaker which is going to expand in the coming budget Mr. Speaker we also found that there was a lack of qualified employees Mr. Speaker and again that is how the government's program is coming together a lack of qualified employees so we said we would have had we would have strived to have one university graduate per household one person who is qualified at a high level per house Mr. Speaker so you can you can deal with this mismatch of skills so you don't have you do not have to all the time you have to see that you have to bring somebody from from overseas because they which aren't qualified they're not qualified means or it is so we started the one university graduate and Mr. Speaker and to make it even again Mr. Speaker you see how how the government program works what we did is we worked with a university to give full-time scholarships to households where there no one in the family was privileged to go to university we called it first generation scholarships Mr. Speaker first generation scholarships so households Mr. Speaker and you know he who feels it most knows it Mr. Speaker he who feels it most knows it i was fortunate to have gone to to have gone to get higher education Mr. Speaker but there are many people Mr. Speaker who were who are or who were well and to use a word brighter than me Mr. Speaker but they could not go and this is why i am in government i'm in government not to gloat and to victimize people and to be envious of people and to say things about people Mr. Speaker i'm in government to see that the people who went to school with me who didn't have the who didn't have the opportunity to get a higher education i on this cabinet and i will make possible them and that's why i'm in government and that is why i'm in government i'm not in government for myself i'm not going for my ego i'm not going to believe i'm burning anybody else i'm in government to work with a group of men and women to improve the quality of life on the people of the nation Mr. Speaker the objectives of of this project are to enhance and advance the technical skills strengthen regional collaboration in post-secondary education and foster collaborative innovation and the case in the crisis of crisis and emergency respond promptly and effectively to it Mr. Speaker Mr. Speaker the project comprises of four components one fostering regional collaboration for skills and innovation in the post-secondary space 4.8 million years Mr. Speaker component one will support component one will support the development of an overarching of an overarching regional strategic framework for post-secondary education and of mechanisms to enhance collaboration among OECS member states on post-secondary education the improvement of post-secondary data at the regional level and the development of a regional innovation ecosystem with strong participation of post-secondary institutions component two strengthening post-secondary institutions and collaborative innovation us 27 million 1.07 million unguaranteed commercial financing component component two will provide direct support to national colleges direct support to national colleges and other selected post-secondary institutions in participating countries to implement regional enhancement plans support innovation projects and develop new or enhanced existing programs for priority skills with the objective of promoting improved learning environments and fostering better skills and innovation in the in the OECS in responding to increasing private sector demand meaning Mr. Speaker that we are going to make an investment at that's an affluent community college because we believe in our regional institutions Mr. Speaker we believe in our regional institutions Mr. Speaker and that is why in this budget you will find that we are going to be assisting and paying the debts that will left behind for us from the industry in the West Indies because we do not believe we believe that there are fantastic organizations and learning institutions in Canada we believe that but we also believe that there are fantastic and learning institutions in the region in solution Mr. Speaker so we believe that we ought also to concentrate on the regional institutions and that is why we are going to be helping in the West Indies and that's why we are going to be enhancing so affluent community college Mr. Speaker component three project management and technical assistance us 4.2 million component three we provide technical assistance to support the implementation of project activities and finance establishment and functioning of three p i us three project management technical institutions with the speaker component four contingent emergency response component that is called c e r c which is due to the OECS high vulnerability to natural disasters including these caused by climate change and its vulnerability to global shocks as exposed by the COVID-19 crisis a c r c is included in the project the component facilitated the use of critical resources by the invent of an eligible national emergency Mr. Speaker Mr. Speaker the primary the primary beneficiaries of that project will be 40 000 young people ranging from ages 18 to 44 who are currently enrolled or will enroll in post secondary institution in the OECS region and who will benefit from region's inventions to foster collaboration in post secondary education space and new tools to access priority skills and support teachers as well as 120 entrepreneurs and firms that participate in the innovation project Mr. Speaker and Mr. Speaker this loan will lie in the offices it will be worked to in the ministry of education Mr. Speaker Mr. Speaker the loan is concessional 40 years Mr. Speaker with a great period of 10 years there is a commitment charge of one half of one percent in on the on with john one half of one percent and service charge is three-fourths of one percent Mr. Speaker on the on with john balance Mr. Speaker and the loan and Mr. Speaker again the loan will be repaid semi-annually at US 150 000 US dollars paid over 20 periods commencing on the April the first 2034 and including October the first 2043 and US 300 000 dollars over the remaining 40 periods commencing April the first 2044 and including October the first 2063 Mr. Speaker this loan will ask cabinet my cabinet colleagues my parliamentary colleagues to support Mr. Speaker because it's a loan about people Mr. Speaker the loan about people Mr. Speaker this government could have been reckless could have been reckless and get involved in direct finance contracts and leave this country every year having to pay 61 million dollars of DFCs every year Mr. Speaker this government could do that we could do it we could go to appease some people and to be short-sighted and to be able to organize things so that things are organized we could do that Mr. Speaker do that but Mr. Speaker this government believes we have trust in the people of selusia when we say that the people of selusia are resilient we are criticized Mr. Speaker but resilience means that the people understand the facts and the realities and the people are ready to work for themselves with the government to improve the quality of life of the people of selusia and that's what resilience means Mr. Speaker and our history is a history of resilience we fought to free ourselves from slavery we fought to free ourselves from colonialism Mr. Speaker we fought to do a lot because we are resilient people and we are proud about resilience is our resilience that has put us where we are and is our is our resilience that has caused the people of selusia to make that change on the 26th of july 2020 is because of our resilience Mr. Speaker so Mr. Speaker we could have gone alone and borrowed and gone above in DFCs and caused DFCs four years to repay five years to repay and cause interest rates at that time or between five and seven percent and go ahead and do it we could have gone ahead for Mr. Speaker this year and going to next year Mr. Speaker I want to assure the people of selusia that we will present to the people of selusia a plan a method to improve the road infrastructure in this country we understand we understand that the road infrastructure in this country has for many years been a state of in in a state that it in it could have been a better state many years Mr. Speaker but roads in this country didn't start in 2020 2021 Mr. Speaker didn't start at that time we understand we know that we're not groting about the the the state of conditions on the road we understand that we know that but we also know Mr. Speaker and again these are facts that we hate to repeat we also Mr. Speaker that there has been unusual rainfall in this country for the last couple weeks unusual rainfall Mr. Speaker that's a fact that's a fact we're not saying that's the reason why it's a fact Mr. Speaker and we understand and we apologize the people of selusia that they are suffering through some discomfort in the roads of this country Mr. Speaker we understand that we also say to them Mr. Speaker that bad roads in this country is a fact that nobody likes I don't know why some people would believe that the military infrastructure would like to know that there are bad roads in this country why would he like to do that why would he like that you think we get up in the morning and say it's good give the people of selusia bad roads no for me this is because we are responsible this cabinet responsible we are not going to burden I'll tell you something I'll tell you something if his government was reckless the state of the economy that we found and the way and where we've brought it and where we brought it is going to be proven by economic metrics facts that's where that's where we brought it Mr. Speaker facts you understand and Mr. Speaker we could have gone and had dfc's and have and have dfc because of the dfc's we have the ability to do to have dfc's but Mr. Speaker our response the response our responsible nature of the government will tell you that we understand the inconvenience we are trying our best to assist in the to to limit inconvenience but we are going to in the coming period Mr. Speaker we're going to impact on the bad roads in the country Mr. Speaker I thank you and I urge my colleagues to support this resolution thank you Mr. Speaker


Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com. Happy Thursday, my Friday, your Thursday. Thanks for joining us and making us part of your day. 2020, 2021, Panini Donner's Optic basketball coming at you, fast break edition. This is a four box break. One spot gets you two random teams. Big thanks to this group here for making this happen. Let's double you up. Like Sir Mixalot, all 30 basketball teams are in. Let's roll it, let's randomize names and teams four and a one five times. One, two, three, four, and a one fifth and final time. We got Jeffrey down to Jesse. Four and a one five times for the teams. One, two, three, four, and a one fifth and final time. After five, we've got the Timberwolves down to the Pacers. We're using a Sarah font for October, for you font fans out there. Jeffrey, you have Minnesota Timberwolves, nice. Ron with the Rockets, Chris with the Knicks. Tom with the Mavs, Christian with the Sixers. Lee with the Bulls and Sons. Jesse with the Trailblazers. Peter with the Bucks. Christopher with the Hornets. Christian with the Pelicans. Co with the O.K.C. Thunder and the Atlanta Hawks. Christian with the Pistons. Jeffrey with the Spurs. Tom with the Nuggets. Lee with the Nets. William with the Celtics. Ron with the Heat. Christian with the Cavs. Steven Olsen with the Raptors. William Davis with the Wizards. James Clippers, Co, Magic and Kings. Steven with the Jazz. Peter, you got my Lakers. James with the Gris. Lee with the Warriors. And Jesse with the Pacers. Let's alphabetize by team name. And we're gonna pause the video. When we come back, we're gonna see if there's any trades and then we'll have the break. Stick around, BRB. All right, no deals were done here in this four box break on Thursday the 14th. Thanks everyone for joining us. Once again, Ron with that double last spot mojo, Rockets and Heat. Remember last spot mojo, as they say, 70% of the time. Hits 100% of the time. Remember we marked those boxes with Xs so you know that they're from the same case. Let's pop this open. Let's see what we got. Good luck. Got a lot going on today, ladies and gentlemen. We got the basketball season around the corner. We've got a playoff baseball, the Dodgers in an elimination game in San Francisco. That's gonna be exciting. And we've got the Buccaneers in Philadelphia. That's exciting. That's true. Listen, that's the risk. That is the risk. That's part of the way this game is played. The risk is too much. The heat is a little too much in the kitchen. You are under no obligation to get in. Oh, you can get a Pascal Siakham one of one. That'd be pretty nice. All right, we haven't seen any of those, any train whistle numbers yet. All right, good luck everybody. Here we go. We got Malcolm Brogdon, 29 out of 85. And remember, all card ship as well, right? Yeah, all card ship. Jens, what's going on? Yeah, I was a little surprised that they, I like that they're trying to shake, that the Dodgers trying to shake things up a little bit. There's Jordan Poole, that's our autograph. Fast Brakes Interest for the Warriors, Lee for the Warriors.  So I hope, so I was a little surprised. I hope it works out. There's Tyler Bay, 46 out of 95. There's LeBron, there's Tyler Bay for Dallas. That's gonna go to Tom, that's to 95. A nice lights out, Anthony Davis. A nice Patrick Williams right there too. Nice, the rookies, James Weisman. And Andrew, his teammate, Andrew Wiggins, 10 out of 85. Red, so a couple more for Lee and the Warriors. Gotta take care of the number one overall pig, Anthony Edwards. Jeffrey with the Timberwolves. Yeah, prison was sure to do. We've got Instagram over my left shoulder. We've got what not over my right shoulder. We've got a lot going on. This is the sound of the sweet, sweet sound of multiple breaks happening at the same time at Jaspy Sports Cards and Collectibles in Hermosa Beach, California. We're a busy group here. Second box, good luck. We got a couple interesting sporting events happening here. Tom Brady's in Philadelphia. Dodgers are in San Francisco. All sorts of things happening here. And boys and girls, we've got another four box break with this in the store, so if you wanna run this back, I'd be more than happy to. This just came out yesterday, and you're chasing mostly those exclusive fast break parallels is what we're looking for. All right, good luck. Next, it's Andre Drummond, Theo Maladon, Seth Curry. $14 away. And we got Zeke Naju. Denver, that's gonna go to Tom. 21 out of 50. I feel like Zeke Naju had some nice moments last year. Someone to watch. And we got Antoine Walker. Fast break signatures for the Boston Celtics. That'll be for William and the Boston Celtics. It'll be top in the rookies. That'll be for the Knicks, Chris Freeze. We got Sadiq Bay. Sadiq, Detroit could be an interesting team to watch over the next couple of seasons. There's another Anthony Edwards, just base Anthony Edwards and Akasha Stanley. All right, there you go, Minnesota. Jeffrey, congrats. 34 out of 50, Chris Paul for the Sons. Yeah, Antoine Walker is pretty solid. And there's LeBron James, 49 out of 95. Purple parallel, nice little color match there. Great parallel for Peter and my Lakers. 49 out of 95. Pretty nice, that's a different number this year. So in some future sets, we'll eventually see him in his new number, number six. There's Lugans Dort, 84 out of 85 for the OKC. And a Lamello base car. That's for Charlotte, Chris Freeze with the Hornets. Just the base edition. It's still nice. The OKC co with the Thunder gets the Lugans Dort. Yeah, well, you know, encourage them, Carl. Tell them why you're in those fillers. I think just having a long face, unfortunately, is not going to move those fillers. Tell them about how many spots you have in there already, why you want to get in it, why others should join you in the action. Everyone knows why I want them to fill, you know.  But if they're a fellow collector in the chat, it's like, hey, get into these fillers because you can get this, that, and the other. That might be more effective than just my words. Like the fans are fired up in Philadelphia. Bronk out, Levante, David, linebacker out. Nain Johnson out, Dallas, Goddard out. Next box, good luck. So we've got Cassius Stanley, the Toru, Obie Toppin, and our autograph behind John Moran is Robert Ori. Nice. Big shot, Rob. Lakers edition, going to Peter. And there's Obie Toppin for the Knicks right there. I agree with you, Carl, especially that multi-sport football mixer. Chance at Mahomes all the way to Trevor Lawrence. I think that should speak for itself. Two out of 10, Alfred Payton. Knicks, Chris Ries. Listen to what Carl's saying, ladies and gentlemen. He's making some great points about those mixers. All we gotta do is move a couple fillers. We're in Brakesville. We're a lot closer than you think. Jaspy's casebreaks.com. Here, I'll even drop the link in the chat. Vince, I'm on the Fly Eagles Fly tonight as the home dogs. I was able to get them at plus seven and a half, which I think is a great number. It was Brandon Clark, 60 out of 95 for the Grizzlies. That'll be for James. We've got Skyler Mays wanting to make an appearance here. Coe with the Hawks. 13 out of 85. There's Precious of Chua. Devin Vassel for the Spurs. Devin Vassel to Devin Booker for the Suns. Udoka for the Jazz. Obie Toppin the Rookies and a James Weisman. Face card of Lee with the Golden State Warriors. And we've got a Daniel House Jr. 10 out of 50. And that's for Houston. That'll be for Ron. Another Obie Toppin the Rookies insert going to Chris Freeze. Final box coming up.  So go for it. Jaspy's casebreaks.com. That's right. That's true. There is an early bird special on that. We've got a lot of great mixers on the site. Carl's right. Got a lot of mixers on the site that are great. The baseball mixer, a unique feature there is an early bird spot. The early bird can catch a worm.  I think there's still a lot of early bird spots left. Whoa, Sean pulled you a Jeter patch last night? I gotta go look for that. Somewhere in our shipping area. Chris, yeah, I think I'm going with... I think I got Gavin Luxe captain in my lineup. Went Dodger's heavy today. I think there's a lot of value in Gavin Luxe and a little off-o-pick enough, little off-o-public enough to maybe he has a breakout game. He's been swinging the bat pretty well. And remember, I think he was the only one. I'm pretty sure Logan Webb's better. Gavin Luxe didn't play game one. So Logan Webb hasn't seen what Gavin Luxe can do. Fingers crossed. All right, fingers crossed, everybody. In this break, last box. Good luck, Yusuf Nerkich, 41 out of 95. There's Elijah Hughes for the jazz. Nerkich for Portland, that'll be for Jesse. There's Udoka again. Another James Weisman and the autograph will be for the Warriors. Fast break, Sanctuary, Serunis, Marcellionis. Lee with the Warriors. Nice. And O'Weisman for you as well, Lee. Yeah, I don't know what I'm gonna do with the, I gotta make a Thursday Night Football showdown lineup too. There's a Tyrese Halliburton for the Kings. Jaylen Smith for the Suns. Who are we capping for the NFL showdown lineup? Tyrese Halliburton, by the way, goes to Coe and the Kings. If I didn't mention that. Andrew Wiggins, fast break parallel. Anthony Edwards, Patrick Williams. Patrick going to Lee and the Bulls. And the Rookies, Anthony Edwards going to Jefferies. Got Kam Reddish to 85. For Coe and the ATL. You're going OJ Howardette, captain. Not recommended, but hey, you know what, in DraftKings, ooh, nice, and we're closing out with a nice Tyrese Halliburton, 85 out of 95. Purple parallel. Color match, matches the color of the team, which I love. Coe with the Kings. And James Ramsey will go to you as well because of all the hardship. Thanks everybody. And you know what, Chris, sometimes you gotta go with those crazy lineups just to see what happens sometimes. Those are the ones that end up being on top. All right, I'm Joe for Jaspiescasebreaks.com. Thanks for getting in, everybody. We've got another four box break. So get in on it and we can pull some more, maybe find some more Lamellos and others. Thanks for watching, everybody. I'm Joe, Jaspie, and I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye-bye.


How to make a gas mask? Whether you are want to defend yourself from the apocalypse or against a round of police-tier gas, having your own gas mask prepares you for any airborne chemicals you might encounter. While professional gas masks are much more reliable, creating your own mask in a pinch is an easy way to stay safe. It won't protect you against everything, but a homemade gas mask can help protect your face and lungs in an emergency. Making a gas mask. Know the difference between gas and particle contamination. Tier gas is actually a dust that is sprayed into the air, whereas biological weapons are generally gases. While it is incredibly difficult and expensive to completely protect yourself against gases, you can easily create a barrier against particles at home. Toxic ash from volcanoes, tier gas, and dust are all particle contaminates. Cut the bottom off of a transparent 2-liter soda bottle.  Cut a U-shaped opening for your head.   Make sure you leave 5-6 inches between the bottom of your cup and your chin.  Start smaller than you think you need. You can always cut more away later. The bottle should fit snugly across your face, as this prevent gas from getting into your eyes.  Glue 1 inch of rubber form insulation around the edges of your gas mask to create a seal. This will keep contaminated air away from your eyes and nose.  You can purchase rubber foam online or at large hardware stores. If you can't get your hands on rubber foam, use several layers of tape around the edges, or strips of fabric from an old t-shirt. Remove the elastic bands from your hospital mask. Cut them near the bottom, as you will need them later to attach the mask to your face. Staple the elastic bands to your mask. Attach the elastic bands near eye level so you can securely keep the mask on your face without your hands. Push the hospital mask into the bottom to the bottle. This is your filtration device. Place the hospital mask, preferably an N95 particulate mask available online or at a nearby health supply store, at the bottom of your gas mask. Seal the edge of the mask to the bottle with glue to prevent air from bypassing the mask. Wear your new gas mask. Attach it to your face, making sure there are no holes in the insulation that would allow contaminated air to your face. Make sure the bottle cap is off, and breath in the clean air.


Welcome to yet another episode of the comic book movie bracket here on movie feuds This has already taken me an eternity to get through and I have a long way to go still so pack a lunch today's topic is a good one It's the Christopher Nolan dark night trilogy. Let's begin Love and more hate him Christian Bale is the Batman slash Bruce Wayne combo for these three pictures I think he does get better as these films progress But DC's villains are really the highlight for me Liam Neeson as Ra's al Ghul He's ledger as the Joker and Tom Hardy is Bane all put in the work Ledger and Hardy really stand out and are some of my favorite villains in comic book history supporting cast is impressive There's a lot of award winners here Michael Cain and Morgan Freeman bring a certain level of class to the picture Class I would be remiss if I didn't acknowledge the actress change for my dust since Creek Bride Katie Holmes to Maggie Gyllenhaal it just always takes me a bit out of the movie when this happens I have very little else to say about the cast since I've talked about Batman about 50 times now on this channel As we all know Batman is a dark and disturbing tale one where a woman falls in love with a bat After a night of wild passionate love making this deformed creature is burned a half man Half bat rises from the depths of a sex cave to fight crime He befriends an equally deformed cat woman and he goes under the guise of a billionaire playboy It's a true coming of age story. Yes. I know that's not the plot But as previously stated I've done a lot of these episodes now I'm trying to keep it fresh Batman begins starts this saga with a rowdy Bruce Wayne finding his way in this topsy-turvy world after his parents lives are Taking in front of him. He learns to fight the same way all people should at the hands of Liam Neeson I actually hope to die by Liam Neeson's hands someday as well It's on my bucket list the Batman is born just in time to battle Gotham's first big threat the Scarecrow It's a very fine set up to the new franchise and a welcome one after the abortion Batman and Robin was years earlier I'll be covering that later in the comic book bracket since this thing is never-ending The Dark Knight really ups the ante in all aspects the cinematography the characters the action It's all so much better the Joker is a crafty and deranged character study introduced in a fantastic way every moment Ledger is on screen is magic I think the film does run a bit long and the boat scene could have been axed altogether But more time with this Joker is all right since we're never gonna see him again Two faces kind of present a disappointment that he was built up in such a great fashion But then disposed of before he really got a chance to shine as a villain The Dark Knight rises ties this whole thing up in a very nice bow With Batman retiring leaving the rest of Gotham's citizens to slowly die of radiation poisoning It's perfect.  This is a professional movie review channel subscribe In an era overblown with spectacle It's always nice to return to the Nolan films that typically stay as grounded as possible Even when he's launching a man into space or bending buildings, there's a level of practicality to it all It feels real. These are character driven flicks that don't require explosions at every turn But when they do crop up, they are glorious semi-flipping plane-jacking mid-flight Grand IMAX shots above skyscrapers. There are some intense hand-to-hand fights, especially in Rises And I really dig the blue hues Nolan went with two and three I felt the orange was a little too much for me in terms of tone Hans Zimmer scored all three films with a theme that's appropriately dark and equally epic The soundtrack isn't near as memorable as the work done on the Tim Burton movies Although they played their part well and that slow loud rumbling sound would go on to be featured in every movie trailer since 2011 and on It's annoying While not the perfect trilogy in my opinion that belongs to Lord of the Rings This is still one of the best comic book ones a memorable cast Consistent themes and a nice balance of action and drama make the Dark Knight trilogy one to own I really have a tough time picking a winner here I think the Dark Knight is the best overall film But I think Dark Knight Rises is the best comic book film if that makes sense These movies really raise the bar for the audience on just how serious and impressive these types of films can be Comment vote for the winner and remember this is more than just reviews This is movie feuds tune in next time sports fans the Joel Schumacher Batman movies along with suicide squad go head to head It's gonna be a shit show