Family Theater presents McDonnell Kerry, Barbara Rush, and Jeffery Hunter. On Hollywood, the Mutual Network in Cooperation with Family Theater presents the Pitchfork experiment starring McDonnell Kerry, Jeffery Hunter, and Barbara Rush. Family Theater's only purpose is to bring to everyone's attention a practice that must become an important part of our lives if we're to win peace for ourselves, peace for our families, and peace for the world. Family Theater urges you to pray. Pray together as a family. And now to our drama, the Pitchfork experiment starring McDonnell Kerry as Lieutenant Howard, Barbara Rush as his sister Dorothy, and Jeffery Hunter as Hugh. The story I'm about to tell you is substantially true, but because some of the people concerned with the Pitchfork experiment are still alive, and because dragging them through the mess again would serve no good purpose, I'll keep the names of people and places fictitious if you don't mind. What was the Pitchfork experiment? Well, it was one of the most humiliating experiences I've ever had, and certainly the most humiliating defeat ever suffered by the United States Army. I remember the day it all started. It was the day I was promoted from second to first lieutenant and given my special orders. Then they go on to say, after securing personnel at Fort Munson, California, you will proceed to the Fort Pitchfork proving grounds in California where you will receive further orders. Can't you find it yet? Well, I don't see it on this map either. Are you sure it's Fort Pitchfork? Yeah, yeah, that's what it says. Oh, listen to this. The tests are to be carried out in complete secrecy, and we cannot sufficiently stress their importance for if the aforementioned beasts of burden... What do they mean, beasts of burden? I don't know yet. I suppose we'll find out when we get there. Maybe some new breed of horse. If the aforementioned beasts of burden are adaptable to military use by the Army, certain revisions will be necessary in the tactical strategy of Desert Warfare. Well, that's the meat of it. Well, so we're off to California, Lieutenant. We are indeed, Miss Howard, the Fort Pitchfork proving grounds. Whatever they are. To play nursemaid to some strange and fascinating beast of burden. When my sister and I arrived at Fort Munson, I reported to the commanding officer, and it was then that I got two great shots. Camels, sir. That's what it's all about, camels. Fifty of them in the special stockade outside the fort. Camels. That's right, Lieutenant. Camels. Foodies-ness. That's what it is. All of California's laughing over this fiasco. Well, sir, I thought it was supposed to be a secret operation. I'd like to see you try to keep a herd of 50 camels a secret, Lieutenant. You can smell them for 20 miles. Another thing. I'm not going to send any men from this understaffed installation to take part in such a program. What do you think of that? What can I think, sir? How's that?  No, I'm taking an unfair advantage. Is that what you're trying to say? Trying to keep it from following your order, huh? Well, sir... Well, as a matter of fact, you're right. Tell you what I'll do. You can take all the volunteers you can get. But I'll tell you this. When the men find out it's camels in what's just as bad, when they find out they have to go to some forsaken place for pitchforks, you can expect darn few volunteers, camels. Some smart aleck government buyers got himself stuck with a boatload of them and passing them back on to us. That's what? Why, I'd say tell them to get themselves another boy and then put in my bid for the Navy before I take a detail like that. What we need in... It is. Come on in, Corporal. Volunteer. That's one. Dorothy, I'd like to present Corporal Hugh Fitz. Corporal, my sister. Mr. Dorothy Howard. Oh, your sister? Oh, my pleasure indeed, Miss Howard. Oh, it's nice to meet you, Corporal Fitz. He's the volunteer. Oh, you know something about camels, Corporal? No, ma'am. It's only what I've heard about them since they arrived here for the lieutenant to pick up.  Well, sir, I'm the only Irishman on the post, and to make matters worse, I've got a... Well, I guess I can say I had a Scotch sergeant. I don't understand. Well, it's not easy to explain, sir, so let's just say we don't get along too well.  No, thank you, ma'am. Joe, I've been thinking. I didn't think you would have too much success asking for volunteers. Well, so I thought... Yeah? Well, I hope this won't sound silly. What won't sound silly? Well, I just thought that perhaps there might be some in the post jail. The jail? Very good idea, sir. Maybe some of the men with longer sentences would be happy to volunteer, and then if you talk to the general again... No, I can't consider it. Well, sir, there aren't any hardened criminals in the jail right now. There isn't any other way. No. Well, the general. But I can't expect any favors from him. Well, sir, if your sister was to be there to kind of give you a little support, I don't see how the general could refuse. Well, you know, that's a good point. Corporal, I think you've got a pretty good head on your shoulders.  I think if I'd seen your delightful sister, I might have volunteered for your expedition myself. Oh, it's very kind of you to say that, General. Oh, nothing. Nothing at all. But it seems a little strange to me that you should inflate the hardships of desert life, Lieutenant, on Miss Howard. Well, there was really no choice, sir. My orders stated I might take my family. And Joe and I are the only ones left, and it's all right. Well, let us hope so. You may take the keys, Corporal. Yes. I'll let you carry on by yourself. Thank you for your help, General. Well, I wish I could do more. I'm sure you would do, General. If the fort weren't so under garrison, I think if the army had had any idea of your efficiency, General Moring, you'd have lots more men under your command, and then you would do more. Well, I... I think I realize your situation here, sir. We'll try to get along on the volunteers we find there. Yes, don't worry about us. We'll get along somehow. Well, now, I was just thinking, if it would be of any help, for a long time I'd been toying with the idea of reforming headquarters company from three platoons of three squads each to two platoons of four squads. If I did it now, well, you might be able to use the extra squad. Sort of complimentary volunteers, huh? Thank you, sir. All right! What was that? Oh, the Corporal was just enthused. Yes, sir. That's right, sir. Enthused, sir. That'll help a lot. Well, I hope so. Good hunting. Oh, by the way, uh, I think it might be something of a treat for some of the other officers myself if you bring your charming sister to officers' mess tonight. Yes, sir. Oh, I'd be more than delighted, General. Oh, fine. We mess at, uh, that is to say, we dine at seven. We'll be there. Spending! You put me in a hurry. You ported on pretty thick, little one. Well, you got what you wanted, didn't you? She'd ported any thicker, sir. She'd have gotten the whole headquarters company. Well, shoot, if I were the general, I'd give her the whole army. Right. Thank you, Corporal. Corporal, you strike me as having a lot of cheek at times. Oh, no, sir. Enthusiasm, sir. We picked up quite a few men in the jail, and as the Corporal had told me, most of them were in for minor offenses, all except two. And those two turned out to be the best men of the whole lot. These are the last ones, sir. I don't think you'll have any trouble with them. They're both up for court-martial. What are they in for? Well, now, what are you asking him for? Why don't you ask us? Howdy, fish. How you doing, Tex? What's the matter with that Indian? Is the poor man sick? Oh, fierce eagle? Uh, no, ma'am. He's singing. Hey, fierce eagle, that's enough. Oh, drunk, huh? Well, no, Lieutenant. That is not the ways he sees it. What's this about a court-martial? Well, now you see, sir, the eagle and me, we broke into the medical shack. That's why we're here. Broke into the medical shack? Yes, ma'am. It was a Saturday night, and we were confined to court unjustly, too, and I wasn't a fit. That's right, sir. Well, so we broke into the medical shack. I don't understand. Medicinal brandy, sir.  Oh, oh, I see. And so you see, fierce eagle, he's not drunk. He's just thoroughly medicated. Man! Does he, uh, does he get medicated often? Oh, no, no, ma'am. And at one time, he was one of the finest Indians scouts in the Army. Was one, you say? Uh, yes, sir, but, well, now that this country's all been scouted, leaves him with nothing to do. Oh, he's a good man, sir, though it's a shame to waste him. Maybe he won't be wasted. Does he know where pitchfork could be? Well, of course he does. What do you think, Joe? Oh, he's, uh, really a good man, sir. Oh, then we'll take him. And Tex here is one of the best men with livestock in the Army, aren't you, Tex? Well, nah, no cattle, little. Well, it looks like we've got a couple more of the best volunteers. That's fine. Let's hope you can apply what you know about cattle to our herd of camels. Camels? Something wrong? No, yes. That's enough, Eagle. Sir, do you mean that I'm going to be working with those camels in the outer stockade? Not for long. Was something wrong with working with camels? Certainly it's better than a summary. Court, Marshall. Sir, I was a part of the detail. I hurted them in there. I think I'll take the court, Marshall. And if it's all right with you, I'll just close this here door. Mr. Tex, open the door.  It can't be that bad. Tex, Tex, now listen. Think of Eagle. If you stay in here, he'll stay too. What about him? Do you want him to get Court Marshall to? This is the only way out. Fear seagulls never seen those camels fit, but I don't think he'd thank me. That indens the only one we've run into that might know where Pitchfork is. How about it, Tex? Won't you come along with us? Are you going to, ma'am? She is. And from the looks of things, she's got more spunk than you have. Well, I suppose and I do go along, and it doesn't work out. I mean, after a couple of days, I can't take them anymore. Well, then what? I'll give you permission to come back here. To the fort? To the jail. Oh. If you stay with us, you get a full pardon. Well... Get up, Fear seagulls. We're volunteering for battle. The general's dinner that night was a great success. At least I thought so at the time. For after a little conversation with my sister and me, the general decided to let us have whatever supplies we might need and enough pack horses to carry them. The whole thing seemed to be shaking up pretty well, and that night I had a really wonderful dream. It's going just beautifully, Captain Howard. You'll get another promotion out of this. Oh, I'm so fortunate to have such a brilliant brother. Yes, sir, Major Howard. You sure are showing those camels as well.  The Army can be proud of a man like you. General Howard, it is with the greatest pleasure and respect that I nearly signed up changing the name of this fort before Joseph Howard. And now as I pound this golden nail... Colonel Howard, open up. Huh? Huh? What's that? Well, sir, the pack horses have stampeded, sir. They're all over the landscape. Oh, no. But, Joe, you should have seen it. The most exciting thing that's happened. But how did it happen? What caused it? Did someone fire a shot? No, sir, nobody did anything. And what were you doing out here, may I ask? I just came out to watch. It wasn't my fault. Oh, it wasn't, sir. You see, we had the pack horses on the picket line at the stockade, and then suddenly the wind shifted. The horses got a whiff of those camels and... And they broke the picket rope. Corporal, has anyone gone after them? I'll text the whole headquarters squad, sir. Isn't that our scout? Where do you suppose he's going? I don't know. Hey, you, Thirst Eagle, come over here. Where are you going? Thirst Eagle, go back to jail. Back to jail? Just because of a few camels? Camels, they're good for nothing. Oh, Mr. Eagle. You and Tex are good friends, aren't you? Tex and Thirst Eagle, blood brother.  Yeah, what else can he think? That's right, Thirst Eagle. Besides, they haven't done anything to you, have they? Camel bite Thirst Eagle. They did? Then why don't you bite them back? Bite back? Of course. Bite back. All right, I see. Bite back. Pitchfork, which turned out to be 15 miles away in the brisk time of two and a half days. The journey was largely without incident. One camel did lose the better part of an ear as a result of a snapping engagement with our Indian scout. But as I learned after a month at our new fort, that kind of incident was much too small to rate official notice. Much too small. Now, Olson, what's this I hear about casualties in the herd? Well, sir, it's like I've told you, sir. These beasts just don't seem to have enough sense to look out for woodchuck holes, and they keep stepping in them, sir. I see. And when they do that, sir, they seem to break either their legs or the hole. In most cases, they're legs, sir. So far, we've had to shoot three of them to put the poor things out of their misery. Of course, it wasn't as if you were willfully destroying army property. Oh, no, sir. Good morning, Joe, and good morning, Private Olson. Morning, man. Dot, would you take down some of these reports for our headquarters dispatch? Of course. Then we'll let me sit down. Do I have a pencil? Yeah. Private Olson tells me they've had to shoot three camels, casualties, broken leg. That's right, man. Well, that'll be all, Olson. Yes, sir. And, Olson, tell Sergeant Fitz I'd like to see him. Oh, you'll be seeing him in an hour anyway. I've invited him for lunch. Again? Well, you promoted him to Sergeant. Well, I thought you liked him. Well, what if you'd rather? No, no, it's all right. Never mind, Private, see if you can find Tex and send him over. Yes, sir. Well, it looks as though there's one member of this company I haven't been getting reports on. Oh, you mean about Hugh? Is he Sergeant Fitz? Naturally. Well, well, there's nothing to report. I simply think like... I think he's charming, that's all. And apparently he feels the same about Hilton. Well, why? Is there something wrong with him? Well, uh... Private Jones' report, sir. Oh, yeah, come in here, Tex. I'm sending in a dispatch this morning. Do you have anything to report? Yes, sir, I sure have here. Take a look at this here. Well, it looks like a weed. Yeah. Oh, wait a minute. I've seen this weed before, I believe. I should remember this from my botany. From your what, ma'am? Isn't this called astragala smolissimus? Well, now, I don't know what they call it in the East, ma'am, but out here we call it locoweed. That's right. It's supposed to drive cattle crazy. Locoweed? That's all we need. It's all we got, sir. How's that? We're all out of the other types of feed for them camels, sir. Unless we can use this, we might just as well hit back for the fort. Locoweed, well, we tried. Look, Tex, isn't there anything we can do? Well, I seem to remember that cattle have to drink water in the same 24-hour period for this locoweed, as you call it, to take effect. Oh, yes, sir, that's true. Well, we only have to water the camels every three days. Or every five days. Or every ten, sir. Tex, a camel can only go nine days without water. Yes, sir, that's what I mean, sir. Well, we'll give it a try, Tex. Have the watering troughs removed from the corrals and have Sergeant Fitz set up a schedule with feedings and waterings. I'll talk to him about it at lunch.  We've got to take a Tex. We've just got to take it. Surprisingly enough, the schedule worked out pretty well, and the herd seemed to prosper on Locoweed. And little by little, we learned how to work with the camels. And everything went along with a fair degree of smoothness. And that is it did till one night in June. I was just finishing my tour of inspection. How are you, Lieutenant? Awesome. Yes, sir, just finishing up. They've all been fed? Yes, sir. Ah, good. Well, I guess I'll say good night to my sister and turn in. Good night, Olson. Yes, oh, that's why I quit my law practice. No excitement. Well, if you were a successful lawyer before, why couldn't you be a successful at it again? Well, maybe I would be if I had some real incentive. Real incentive, you? Well, what would you think would be real incentive? Well, Dorothy, if... if I had a girl like you to work for, then I'd... Yes, you? Well, what I'm trying to say is that... Yes, you? Who's out there? Is that you, Joe? Just finished up the inspection for the evening. Oh, hello, Sergeant Fitz, finished with your work? Yes, sir, I am. Are you sure there isn't something you could go back and inspect, Joe? No. I'll finish. Just want to sit here and enjoy the evening. Lieutenant, come quick, sir. It's terrible, sir, just terrible. What's terrible? What are you talking about? You'd better sit down, Private Olson. I couldn't, ma'am. There's been a terrible accident. What happened? Fear's eagle, sir. A camel had Adam. He'd better come quick, sir. We took him to the medical shack. All his front teeth? At least two, sir. Well, how good it happened? Well, missed the way I got it was a camel bit him, and just as he was biting him back, this here camel moved, sudden like. And there was the eagle standing with no teeth. All right, now take it easy, boy. Take it easy. Camel in thunders, Fear's eagle. Fear's eagle, get his scalp.  And be quiet. Oh, I'm sure glad you're here, sir. Or is he in much pain? I don't know, ma'am, but he's mad. That's for sure. Here, Dorothy, open up the medical supplies. Fear's eagle, how you scoop him? He's done it all. What'd he say? Well, now he's speaking in his own tongue and with them teeth being out. It ain't easy to understand, but well, it sounded like how you scoop him. I'm real sick. Do you think he'll need the brandy, Joe? No, I don't think so. No. Fear's eagle, cultus, tactus. He says he's cultus, tactus, bad eagle. Let's cook to the end, all broken up. Need to firm it. He says if it's all right with you, we'd like about three fingers of medication. Well, I don't see how it would do any real harm just this once, do you, Joe? Yeah. We ought to give him something to relieve the pain. Oh, I'll scoop him. What was that? Well, that's kind of hard to tell, ma'am, but it sounded like how you scoop him means very sick.  Oh, you poor man. Oh, yeah. Wish we had some other pain reliever than medicinal brandy. They can't do any harm just this once. Well, all right. Be quiet, eagle. Listen. What's the matter? That's the camels. Something wrong? Thanks. When you brought Fear's eagle out of the stockade, did you close the gate? No. I didn't do it. Then they're out and after the water. But that water would drive them crazy after the local weed.  Come on. We've got to stop them. You'd better go along with the rest and see how much we can salvage Tex. Yes, sir. I'm sorry about everything, Lieutenant.  It's all right, Tex. Now, there ought to be something that we can do. I'm afraid not. Well, maybe there is. The eagle and I'll think about it. Come on, eagle. I said, come on. You're all well. Now, come on, Biggie. In here, I'll help you. Fear's eagle plenty mitigated. I suppose we'll be going back in the morning. Yeah. Well, I'm going to bed. Bed? And I'm going to have pleasant dreams, not even think about camels or pitchfork or anything else. I'm just going to stay in bed till it's time to leave in the morning. Not going to think about them. Not my fault. I shouldn't have tried it in the first place. Camels. Sorry about it, Lieutenant. Sure am sorry. Too bad, Sergeant Howard. Could have happened to anyone. Don't you worry about it, Joe. At least you're still corporal, and there'll be other camels. Oh, no. This must be a nightmare. Oh, no, Private Howard. A night camel, maybe, but not a nightmare. Well, if it isn't old crazy camel Howard. Trying to get back in the army, crazy camel? Not a chance. Oh, but, sir...  Only one thing left for you. Take my advice.  A panhandler? But I don't want to be a panhandler. What did you say, sir? Sergeant Fitz. Anything wrong, Lieutenant? Lieutenant, you did say Lieutenant. Yes, I did, sir. Anything wrong? No, just a night camel. Sir? A nightmare. Bad green. Did you want to see me about something? The pack horses are about ready to go, sir. Oh, good. And one other thing, sir. I can't find Tex and Fierce Eagle. We've looked everywhere. Looks like they left before daybreak. You... You don't want me to put them on report yet, do you, Lieutenant? No. No, not yet. We'll wait till the last minute. They may show up before we report in. Something may happen. I wasn't quite prepared for what did happen. We found the Indian and the Texan before I reported to the general, all right. Just before I reported, they were in the general's waiting room. Howdy, Lieutenant. What are you two doing here? Well, I just thought we'd lay a little groundwork for you. What's the matter with him now? The Eagle just morning after. Don't worry about it, sir. Here, you better go on in there, I think. Orderly has, sir. Oh, there you are, Howard. By George, I'm glad to see you. You are, sir? Oh, clever trick, Lieutenant. We won't have to be worrying about those camels anymore. Local weed and water. You ought to be generous. You think I did it on purpose? You don't have to pretend with the general, Lieutenant. Oh, all the things that would have happened if the pitchfork experiment had been successful. But, sir, I tried. To make it look accidental, sir, that's what he did. Yes, sir. Thanks to you, I think that's just about the end of the United States Camel Corps. All right. In fact, some good came out of the whole misadventure. Most of the men who served on the expedition got immediate promotions. My sister got a good husband, and the camels, well, they got the Mojave Desert, which those who know camels will know was exactly what they deserved. Oh, once again, here is McDonnell Kerry. Thanks, Tony. Barbara, Jeff, I certainly enjoyed working with you, too. Well, thank you, Mac. We enjoyed working with you, Mac. Say, I hear the hunters are expecting a blessed event. Yes, we are, and we think it's wonderful. Yeah, it sure is. It makes a fellow feel pretty important. I understand a lot of responsibility goes with parent or Jeff. Well, I know, and there's one thing that I've been giving a lot of thought. You can call it a theory if you'd like. Well, I'd like to hear it. Well, I feel that there are certain things that parents are obliged to teach their children. You can call them skills of self-preservation. Skills of self-preservation? What do you mean, Jeff? Well, I mean that children should be taught as early as possible how to protect themselves, like how to swim, how to behave in traffic, how to find their way out of wooded areas. How to pray? Well, I don't think we'll have to make a point of teaching that lack. No? Well, environment will take care of that. We believe in family prayer, and we do our praying together and make prayer as much a part of life as the evening meal.  It brings God right into the family. It makes him an active member, and with God in the family, how can you miss? You have quite a family yourself, haven't you, Mac? Mm-hmm, six. Six? Yeah, my wife and I, Lynn, Lisa, Stevens, and God. That makes six. Oh, you sound like a family prayer man yourself, Mac. I am. There's another aspect of family prayer you haven't mentioned, Jeff. It falls right in with your theory, too, because it preserves the unity of the family. You've heard it, I'm sure. The family that prays together stays together.  Um, Hollywood Family Theater has brought you the Pitchfork Experiment, starring McDonnell Kerry, Jeffrey Hunter, and Barbara Rush. Others in our cast were Francis X. Bushman, Tom Holland, Burt Holland, and Walter Brennan, Jr. The script was written by Robert Hewosullivan, with music composed and conducted by Harry Zimmerman, and was directed for Family Theater by Joseph F. Mansfield. This series of Family Theater broadcasts is made possible by the thousands of you who feel the need for this type of program, by the mutual network which has responded to this need, and by the hundreds of stars of stage, screen, and radio who give so unselfishly of their time and talent to appear on our Family Theater stage.  This is Tony Lofrano expressing the wish of Family Theater that the blessing of God may be upon you and your home and inviting you to join us next week when Family Theater will present Gene Lockhart and Mona Freeman in the story of Little Tree. Join us, won't you? Theater is broadcast throughout the world and originates in the Hollywood studios of the world's largest network. This is the Mutual Broadcasting System.


In this video we're going to explain the concept of cache memory and more precisely one of the heuristics that is used to place content from main memory into the cache. So let's start with the conventional situation in which we have here a microprocessor and let's assume that this microprocessor has a memory, the address of which are encoded with d bits. What this means is that in this other side we have the main memory which has then addresses from 0 to 2 to the d minus 1. This is the conventional situation. Now the first technique that is used to adapt the speed to which this microprocessor runs and to which this memory chip is capable of executing read and write operations is dividing the main memory into blocks. So this block contains a set of consecutive bytes stored in memory and the whole memory is divided into these blocks of equal size. We have the one here all the way down to the last one over here. Now these blocks contain several addresses but the same way each address has a number we can also number the blocks in here starting at 0, 1, 2 and if we want to know how many blocks do I have in fact I have to take the total number of cells which is 2 to the d and divide it by the size of the block which call it mb size representing memory block size and since the number of blocks I started numbering from 0 the last block over here will have precisely this number 2 to the d divided into memory block size minus 1 and as we can see once we know d, once we know the memory block size that we have chosen here we can calculate the number of blocks we have. Now how, why do we make this distinction here? Well suppose now that the memory address from my microprocessor which is between 0 and d bits minus 1 suppose that given an address I want to know this address in which block is located which one of these blocks is the one that contains this specific address from here now what I have to do is one operation which is divide the address by the block size and then the quotient is precisely the block number now you'll agree with me that this division can be quite sophisticated operation but the division is highly simplified if this block size is a power of 2 if that is the case the division is simply to remove as many bits as this power of 2 let's suppose that this power of 2 is 2 to the b and this means we have that the block size is 2 to the b and b is less than d so if we go back to our scheme here on the right now if the size of this block is power of 2 is 2 to the b bytes this division becomes 2 to the d divided into 2 to the b minus 1 which in turn says 2 to the d minus b minus 1 now if we look at this result what it means is that I can choose any size I want for the block but if the size of the block just so happens to be a power of 2 since memory are assumed to be also a power of 2 once divides the other and the number of blocks that I have here can be calculated very easily like that now this in terms of my memory address and going back to the initial question which block is a certain memory address being stored then this is very easy just removing the bits on the less significant part this is what we call the offset and the remaining d minus b bits will give me the block number so so far we haven't done anything special between the microprocessor and the memory it's just an observation that if we divide the memory which is a power of 2 in blocks of size power of 2 we have a very simple way to compute which block corresponds to a certain memory address ok so here comes the cache memory cache memory is a memory that's going to sit here in the middle and it has very interesting properties the first one is that it's going to be divided the content of this cache memory it's going to be divided into blocks of exactly the same size of what we have been discussing so far so we have blocks all the way down here the other property is that the number of blocks in this cache is much less than the number of total blocks in my main memory the idea is that this cache is just going to have a subset of certain blocks from main memory with the condition that by being in this memory this memory is much faster for the microprocessor to perform the read write operations now you might be asking yourself why don't we make this memory over here the size of this one and that way we will gain that speed however current technology allows us to manufacture very large memories that are very slow or very small memories with this structure that are very fast so this is basically a restriction that is imposed by design requirements therefore this cache is going to have a certain number of blocks and the property as I said before is that the size of this block is the same as the size of this block now the question remains is how do we manage to store some of these blocks into this cache and we are going to study the first simplest scheme which is this block would be a store over here the second block would be store the next position and so on and so forth until we probably reach the last block over here which is a store in this position now one thing we have mentioned is the number of cache blocks it's basically going to allow me to number these blocks from 0, 1 all the way to number of C blocks minus 1 that would be the number of this block and the number of C blocks is obviously much less than to the D minus B which were the number of memory blocks so the mapping as I said it's going to be very easy first block on the first position of the cache second block on the second one, third block on the third one, so on and so forth until we reach the situation in which I have a block that maps or that is a store into the last position of the cache now the question remains what happens now with the following block and in order to make this heuristic the simplest one what we're going to do is that map this one also to block number 0 now as I said before the size of this cache is much smaller than the size of this main memory therefore two blocks eventually two or more blocks will be stored in the same block in the cache now the question that remains to be answered is if I have an arbitrary block here somewhere in my memory the question is where does it go in this cache and if you look carefully at the type of mapping that we're doing here blocks 0, 1, 2 all the way to the number of blocks minus 1 are stored in these consecutive positions and the block number C blocks the block with number equal to the number of blocks in my cache will go back to be stored here therefore as a matter of fact the way to know where to store a block is to take the module of the address is address module address of the block module the number of C blocks now if you look carefully at this operation again taking the module of a number in binary it's a fairly complicated operation for arbitrary numbers but it is trivial if the number of blocks is also a power of 2 let's call it 2 to the C so let's suppose the 2 to the C is the number of cache blocks now taking the module of the address of the block is very easy if we go back to our example here if this is my address I know that I have to take b bits out because this is the offset as we said before and now the remaining bits I have to take the operation module number of C blocks which are just happen to be 2 to the C module 2 to the C is very easy on a binary number because what I end up doing is taking these bits over here which are C bits and this directly gives me the answer to this question here providing me the block number in cache that should be used to store the block derived from this address so as we can see we have here d minus b minus c remaining bits what we have done so far is first divide the memory into blocks b is the number of bits that I need to consider removing in order to get the block number and then over this block number what I'm performing is the operation of module because of the mapping that I chose here first one to first position all the way down to the number of blocks following one goes back to zero and this module operation is very easy to compute if the number of blocks is a power of 2 as we chose here now the couple of questions that remain to be answered is like ok so we figure out that this block over here from this one will have all these bits equal to zero therefore it should be in this block now how do I identify which block is storing this position zero in the cache because as we have seen there is more than one block in original memory that can go here and the answer is in this field this field is what we call the tag and the tag identifies block inside the cache unequivocally so what is going to happen is that the tag it's going to be also stored in the cache memory we're going to have a structure like this and with the tag we will be able which by the way this tag is only d minus b minus c bits with this tag we will be able to identify out of all the possible blocks in main memory that are mapped to block numbers in the cache which one is being present there so the way this approach works is that whenever the microprocessor requires certain memory address this operation is going to be done these six bits are going to be ignored c bits are going to tell me the block number in the cache where this address is supposed to be and the tag I'm going to compare with the tag that is stored over here if these two tags are the same then I know that the block corresponds with the one that I'm asking for if the tags are different it means that even though I have a block here it doesn't correspond to the block containing the memory address requested by the processor and in that case and this is what is called a memory cache miss I have to go back to memory bring the other block put it here and update the tag so this is the structure of the cache with the addition of yet another field here which is only one bit and it's called the valid bit and it's basically to notify if whatever content that is here can be trusted or not if it is correct or it is some old block that is not relevant to the calculation therefore the condition for the microprocessor to trust one block stored in the cache is that the tag corresponds exactly with the tag the address being required and the valid bit is equal to one and this scheme is what is known as direct mapped cache direct because we look at cbits and mapped because we decide we use the cbits to decide where to store the block remember very important the main memory is divided into blocks these blocks are size a power of 2 and they divide exactly the total amount of memory this is very important because with this condition we simplify the division operation that is needed to figure out in which block is one of the memory addresses of the microprocessor once we have established that the cache memory will have a subset of blocks typically the number of blocks here is also a power of 2 why because in order to figure out which cache slot should occupy one memory block we need to perform the module operation on the address of the block and the module operation again it's performed trivially if this number is a power of 2 so typically cache memories have a number of blocks which is a power of 2 and finally given the fact that more than one block can be stored in the same cache block we need to extend the annotation with the tag just to make sure that whenever we come here to look for a data we are requesting the correct tag that is stored in this location in that case it would be a cache hit and if in other case if the tag is different or the valid bd is equal 0 then we should go back to main memory bring the block to the cache and then notify the processor that we have performed the correct access so this is the operation that takes place read write operation of the microprocessor with respect to the cache and the cache then has its own circuit to do read write operations between the cache and the main memory


Yeah, it was a pretty good team coming in. So we were just trying to practice really hard, trying to get ready, washing a lot of film. And we was coming in, we was coming off a couple losses. And we just lost our first conference game. So we just coming in the game, trying to win our first conference and trying to get a good start. Gives it over, the first gives to Dribble. They leave 2-0. Mark Carell going to work inside. He can't finish. Clean up opportunity won't go. For Coleman, it comes out to Hughes. Hughes misses the three. Coleman, out of control a little bit. Yeah, that half was really rough. That was like the roughest half we had. We couldn't get nothing going. Our shots wasn't going in. Our plays wasn't working.  So it was just really hard. I couldn't even get no shots. So Coach, who's talking to us, he says, it's fine. Just wait for it, be patient, be patient. The second half can be ours.  Joseph Fakes, the three gets into the paint, has an open look, goes off the glass for two. Let's get past to Hughes inside Terrell. Two defenders on him, but he gets the basket anyway. Oh yeah, I remember I got the rebound and I passed Jaylin. And I remember I was going up on the right side and he passed it to me and I seen it different. He wasn't near me. So I shot it and it looked good and went in and I felt good and then the next play we ran a spread, came across and shot it again. I was like, okay, I'm feeling good right now. Anytime I make a couple shots I feel like I've got to keep shooting, keep shooting. So it was really good. He's going to try again. Oh Hughes is heating up. He's trying to make it three straight. Evo! One Hughes for three. A breather away from making the four-point game all of a sudden. That's exactly what he does. Hits through the corner. Three on the way. That's short. Think-finer. Hughes with the rebound ahead to Johnson. Hughes is going to demand the ball right now because he is in some sort of zone. Woodward was open. Doesn't pull the trigger. Johnson over to Hughes. Hughes just wants to shoot. Oh, and why not? You made another three to make it 46-38. Another three on the way. And that goes down! Worm Hughes! What a display! A breathe! Worm Hughes is unconscious in the second half. So Evan, Evan had the ball and I was wide open stream for the ball. And I remember he saw me and as soon as I caught the ball I seen the defender sprinting towards me. So I'm like, I'm out the jab. I like I'm going to the basket for a little bit and I dribble. Made it. I seen it going in. I'm like, okay, that's good. That's good. That's a good shot right there. He's got 14. It's a three-point game. Hughes, can he get the answer? Oh my gosh! Worm Hughes!


Let's say you're trying to find some solid information about a serious health problem that concerns you, high blood pressure, diabetes, yet everywhere you look someone's trying to sell you something like vitamins, yoga mats, blenders, drugs, well, breathe a sigh of relief because all we bring you are the facts. Welcome to the Nutrition Facts podcast. I'm your host, Dr. Michael Greger. Did you know that more than 1.5 billion people worldwide suffer from hearing loss? But in some cultures, people retain their hearing into old age. Here's our first story. In the United States, age-related hearing loss affects about a quarter of those in their 60s, more than half of those in their 70s, and 80% of those in their 80s. More than 95% of sudden narrates have been found to have severe hearing loss. Because of impaired communication, this may lead to social isolation, loneliness, and depression, and may even threaten one's life due to an associated increase in motor vehicle accidents. What can we do to prevent age-related hearing loss? It's said to be a natural part of the aging process, but that's what we used to think about pathological conditions like high blood pressure. The vast majority of people eventually develop hypertension, just like the vast majority of people eventually lose their hearing, so it must just be an inevitable consequence of growing old, right? But then it was discovered that there were rural populations living in Africa and Asia that ate and lived healthier that didn't experience an inexorable rise in blood pressure as they aged. So it appeared hypertension was more a lifestyle choice than an aging effect, and the same may be true for hearing loss. The Muban tribe, living in the Sudanese desert, was found to retain their hearing into old age. Other studies on isolated native populations found that exposure to moderate civilization appeared to undercut their hearing advantages. What is it about our modern world that appears to be leading to a loss of hearing as we grow older? Age-related hearing loss is a result of the premature death of the sensory hair cells in our inner ear, which turns vibrations to electric signals to the brain. Once they're lost, they don't grow back, so prevention is critical. The question is, what's killing them? A study more than 2,000 twins found that the heritability of age-related hearing impairment was only 25%. So most of risk is due to non-genetic influences. Risk factors include repeated exposure to loud noises, smoking, and ototoxic or hearing-damaging medications. Noise exposure early in life appears to render the inner ear more vulnerable to aging. Animal studies suggest exposure to low-level but constant noise over 60 decibels may also be harmful. This has not been demonstrated in humans. But if you use a white-noise generator to sleep, it can't hurt to check that it's under 50. Medications known to be ototoxic include immunoglycoside antibiotics like strepomycin, amicacin, neomycin, canamycin, which are among the highest risk medications for hair cell toxicity. But NSAIDs, anti-inflammatory drugs like aspirin, ibuprofen, and aproxen, and lup diuretics, for example, of ferosimides, sold as Lasix, have also been linked to progressive hearing loss. However, the key to the preservation of old-age hearing of the Mabon tribe may be their diet. The reason the Mabon researchers concluded that their diet likely accounted for their lack of age-related hearing loss is because they also appeared to lack something else, coronary artery disease. What kills more of us in the industrialized world than anything else doesn't appear to touch them at all. Their blood pressures are also perfect, their whole lives at about 110 over 70 into their 70s, while we, on average, become hypertensive, exceeding 130 over 80 starting in our 40s. And no wonder, their diet is almost free of animal protein and centered around whole grains. So they suggested, in addition to the absence of loud noise, that atherosclerosis, clogging the small blood vessels feeding their inner ears, may be the underlying cause of age-related hearing loss in most of the rest of the world. But you don't know until you put it to the test, which I'll cover next after dealing with a supplement shown to slow age-related hearing loss. Healthier diets are associated with a significant lower risk of hearing loss, and for all three diet quality scoring systems these researchers used, avoidance of meat was most strongly associated with lower risk. The Mabon who preserved their hearing into old-age ate little meat, but also weren't eating sugary junk, explaining their almost total absence of dental cavities. A high glycemic diet of refined carbs is also associated with developing age-related hearing loss. If it's the blood sugar spikes, that would explain my diabetics and pre-dibex are also at higher risk. Even among whole grains, Sorghum, which is the center of the Mabon diet, has a particularly low glycemic index due to its resistant starch content, causing about a 25% lower rise in blood sugar compared to whole wheat. Impaired blood circulation may also explain how noise damages the inner ear, as loud noises cause constriction of the accompanying blood vessels. This may also help clarify the link between obesity and hearing loss. Excess weight may just be a proxy for unhealthy diets, but the pro-inflammatory state of obesity can itself lead to vascular dysfunction. Measures of systemic inflammation seem to directly correlate with age-related hearing loss, as do measures of oxidative stress. In my video on brain inflammation, I introduced the antioxidant defense activator, NERF-2, called Guardian of Health Span and Gatekeeper of Species Longevity. Those born of the genetic variant, NERF-2, that doesn't encode as well, are significantly more likely to develop impaired hearing, implicating the role of free radicals in the process of hearing loss. You can look in the back of people's eyes and measure the amount of macular pigment to the lutein and zeaxanthine antioxidants concentrated in greens, and correlate that with superior hearing. The population data on antioxidant intake and hearing loss is mixed, though. Take vitamin C, for example. Some studies show that higher vitamin C intake is associated with better hearing, but others failed to find any significant connection. The only way to tell if antioxidants help or not—you know the drill— is to put them to the test. Adding antioxidants to the diets of rats seems to help prevent age-related rat hearing loss, but doing the same thing in mice doesn't appear to help. The most exciting preclinical data may be a study in which aged rats, randomized to added blueberries, looked like they had a reversal in hearing deficits, in fact ending up better than the young rats. Wait, I thought hair cells don't regenerate. Our ability to hear doesn't just have to do with our ears, but our brain. As we age, our auditory cortex in the temporal lobe of our brain loses some of its ability to discriminate and understand speech, even in a quiet environment. We don't just need to sense sounds, but make sense out of them. That's where blueberries seem to come in, reversing the age-related cognitive deficits in auditory processing. But what about in people? There are studies lacking control groups that documented improvements in hearing loss, giving people antioxidant supplements, like vitamins A, E, C, and alpha-lipolic acid. But when properly put to the test, in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of a whole list of antioxidants, the supplements flopped. No effect on any of the measured hearing aspects. Is there any supplement that has been shown to help with hearing in older adults? Yes, folic acid, the supplement form of folate, found concentrated in beans and greens. Some observational studies had found that higher levels of folate in the blood seemed to correlate with better hearing, but maybe that's just a marker of eating a healthier diet in general. So, Dutch researchers set out on an ambitious three-year double-blind placebo-controlled trial randomizing more than 700 older men and women to take 800 micrograms of folic acid a day, or an indistinguishable placebo. Excitingly, those who had been taking the folic acid suffered significantly less decline in hearing at speech frequencies. The effect size was rather small, such that one might expect that proportion of men, for example, who would be hearing aid candidates at age 75 might drop from 33% to 22% with folic acid supplementation. Also note the study was done in the Netherlands, where, at the time, the food supply was not fortified with folic acid. In the US, where folic acid fortification has been mandated in refined grain products for decades, it's unclear how much additional benefits supplements might add. Regardless, the healthiest sources are dark green leafy vegetables and legumes. A cup of cooked lentils has 90% of adult daily needs. Finally today, we hear about the results of a diet that may slow or even reverse hearing loss. A 2021 scoping review on the role of nutrition in the development and prevention of age-related hearing loss screened thousands of papers and concluded, that diets rich in saturated fats and cholesterol have deleterious effects on hearing that could be prevented by lower consumption. The case of the Mabon, noted before, makes for a compelling story, but on what exactly are they basing their conclusion? It's true that in laboratory animals, you can prove it, randomized rats to added saturated fat, or chinchillas to added dietary cholesterol, scientists can show atherosclerosis-inducing diets exacerbate inner ear damage and hearing loss, even without noise exposure, but that doesn't necessarily mean the same is true in people. There is coach in epidemiological data, for example, study of thousands of twins was able to draw a significant link between a high cholesterol diet and hearing impairment. In the Blue Mountain's hearing study, which enrolled thousands of older men and women to study age-related hearing loss, dietary cholesterol was the nutrient component most associated with hearing loss. Those eating about two eggs worth of cholesterol a day had 34% greater odds of hearing loss, compared to those only getting about a single egg's worth. Consistent with a vascular caused those on statins, and particularly those at higher doses, appeared to be at lower risk. The researchers suggest that high cholesterol intake may interfere with the circulation within the inner ear itself, or atherosclerotic inflammatory changes could reduce blood flow to the tiny arteries feeding the inner ear. But how about looking inside the arteries to see if this is actually true? The extent and severity of coronary artery disease in the heart, as determined by angiogram, was found to closely correlate to hearing loss, since atherosclerosis is a systemic disease, affecting the entire arterial tree. This has relevance for the arteries feeding the inner ear. The same was found for the amount of atherosclerotic plaque found in the crotted arteries in the neck, the greater the plaque, the poorer the hearing, and the more plaque they found, the greater risk of further hearing impairment measured over the subsequent five years. Getting closer, but how about the arteries that directly supply the inner ear? Early autopsy data suggests sclerotic changes in the blood vessels of older ears contribute to inner ear degeneration, and these days, direct imaging stays correlate. The degree of hearing loss with atherosclerotic narrowing of those inner ear arteries. Now all we need is an interventional trial to wrap it all up in a bow.  Oh, but you can, and they did. The Finnish Mental Hospital Study In 1960, one of two mental hospitals near Helsinki had their menus changed to decrease their intake of saturated animal fat. Then, after a few years, the two hospitals switched their menus over. It was one of the first interventional trials of its kind, suggesting that you could decrease heart disease deaths by decreasing saturated fat intake. Ah, but what happened to their hearing? It followed the exact same pattern. As their heart disease got worse, so did their hearing, and then when the hospital switched, the reverse happened. And not just by a little, those in their 50s in the lower saturated fat hospital ended up with significantly better hearing than the group in the control hospital that was 10 years younger. The researchers concluded our audiological studies lead us to conclude that diet is an important factor in the prevention of hearing loss. We would love it if you could share with us your stories about reinventing your health through evidence-based nutrition. Go to nutritionfacts.org slash testimonials which may be able to share it on social media to help inspire others. If you'd like to see any graphs, charts, graphics, images, or studies mentioned here, go to the Nutrition Facts Podcast landing page. There you'll find all the detailed information you need, plus links to all the sources we cite for each of these topics. My last two books were Our How to Survive a Pandemic and My How Not to Diet Cookbook. Get ready this year for the launch of How Not to Age, and of course all the proceeds for the sales of all my books goes directly to charity. NutritionFacts.org is a non-profit science-based public service where you can sign up for free daily updates on the latest in nutrition research with bite-sized videos and articles uploaded nearly every day. Everything on the website is free. There are no ads, no corporate sponsorships, no kickbacks. It's strictly non-commercial, not selling anything. I just put it up as a public service as a labor of love as a tribute to my grandmother, whose own life was saved with evidence-based nutrition.


What's going on everybody got kyle and shawn here with lane sports godschmidt 2023 diamond icons baseball one box break number five This one is random hit style Again guys as we're going through here. We will type in our hits shawn will have them and we will We'll do a random at the end. We'll see what everybody got good luck on this one guys. Good luck everyone in this one Trask is not very good. I do agree there I think he's uh, he hasn't really had an opportunity obviously with the The nfl but baker is better 100% all right guys. We'll get these types in as we go Good luck Bring out the bay bruce. Let's go i'm in on that ron Down for the bay bruce cut. So if there is an extra card in here guys more than 10 We'll just try to pair one together Pair something together i'm gonna flip it First up we have a randy johnson that one's gonna be four out of 10 On the icons auto that is d backs randy johnson d backs randy johnson Um four out of 10. I swam there on the silver ink auto behind that we have the big hurt We have the big unit and the big hurt back to back that one is um five out of 25 frank thomas Frank thomas five out of 25 actually exactly half light Does frank thomas there to 25 got a big mac mark mcguire. This will be a auto 16 out of 25 Yeah, i'm fanatics for sure for sure 16 out of 25 big mac Cardinals he knows what he likes man. That's that's for sure Goes in when uh, when he likes them 16 out of 25 big mac We've got gold ink auto this one's gonna be tray turner gold ink auto nine out of 15 Tray turner for the fillies us of tray Gold ink auto We have um will clark that one's going to be 10 out of 25 Will clark there on the base auto 10 out of 25 the giants Thank you matthew taking a couple donress spots Guys are killing it today. Appreciate that guys will clark We have a thumbs up. That's going to be riley green On the rookie shadowbox auto to 25 12 out of 25 riley green Go huskies 12 out of 25 on the riley Nice one here. We got a dual patch auto albert pooholes Albert pooholes that is five out of 10 On the dual game use jersey auto Very nice one there the machine Was it five out of 10? Yes five out of 10 albert pooholes Next up we have another jersey auto. It's going to be a 25 max freed max freed um three color patch 24 out of 25 max freed It's pretty cool. We got a um bat relic six out of 10 is reberto clementa That's a sick one there game use bat relic Very cool One is um six out of 10 game use bat relic of clementa Very cool uh piece history there. It's fire cut auto It is 101 eddie mathews on the cut auto There we go. That one is the um atlanta braves Let's see who gets this one very nice one there on the eddie mathews 101 Cut auto throwback for the braves Very nice Always like seeing a nice cut auto Very nice one there eddie mathews on the 101 cut All right, so we do have 11 Did you see what jay said? Oh, yeah We got thumbs down. Oh no And on the back of the box we have two out of 10 bobby wit jr bobby wits That one is two out of 10 bobby wits All right, you guys will uh combine one of these. Let me see. Let me see. Let me see um i'm thinking max freed and Um We'll go max freed and the clementa relic since there's no auto We'll combine the max free patch auto and the clementa relic So yeah, just hit that combine and then um, we'll do a random All righty guys I got it. Yeah, yeah So yeah guys the um do that one combo max freed and clementa will have together All right, let's do a random any one moment here It's true axis.  Um, but yeah, there's That first one was something serious That was serious. All right guys. So I have uh chai athewa down to tom c in this one Francis ronalds and mike All right, let me roll two dice guys, uh two dice. We'll see how many times we go six times Six times. Good luck guys. Good luck. Let's see who gets what All right six times again. I got chai athewa down to tom c go six times one two three four five and six francis down to tom And our hits got the randy johnson auto down to the bobby witt's bobby witt jr. Auto gonna go six one two three four five and six Trey turner to 15 on the auto down to the randy johnson Copy these over and we'll see what everybody got Uh one more box of this guys that will be on to iMac basketball. We'll get our guest the logo man going Hopefully we can pull a logo man out of our case today All right guys had francis in with the tray turner to 15 at tom c had the mark maguire to 25 chai athewa the will Clark Auto 25 ronald r has the frank thomas the 25 auto tom c with the freed and clemente combo Mike a has the 101 cut auto eddie matthews nice one there uh mike tom c had the riley green 12 25 thumbs down Mike a has the poo holes auto to dual patch auto to five out of 10 Tom c had the bobby witt jr. Auto and the randy johnson to 10 All righty. Alrighty guys that will do it that will do it for icons one box number five


Today I'm going to go straight in and share with you something that God has put on my heart today. I'm going to talk about serving in your struggle, serving in your struggle. I want to go first of all to a Bible verse in 1st King chapter 17 and share an encounter that Prophet Elijah had with the widow of Seraphat. And this is something that when I read this, I actually get shocked it's quite shocking to me. Let's go into Scripture 1st King 17 verse 8. Then the word of the Lord came to Elijah saying, Arise, go to Seraphat which belongs to Sidon and dwell there. See, I have commanded a widow there to provide for you. So he arose and went to Seraphat and when he came to the gate of the city, indeed a widow was there gathering sticks and he called to her and said, please bring me a little water in a cup that I may drink. And she, as she was going to get it, he called to her and said, please also bring my morsel of bread in your hand. So she replied and said, as the Lord your God lives, I do not have bread, only a handful of flour in a bin and a little oil in a jar. And see, I am gathering a couple of sticks that I may go in and prepare it for myself and my son that we may eat it and die. And Elijah said to her, do not fear, go and do as you have said, but make me a small cake from it first and bring it to me. And afterward make some for yourself and your son. Now this Bible verse here, it shocks me a lot because I have never in the whole Scripture seen any man of God who is more insensitive to someone's plight. Think about it for a moment.  There will be no memory left of you or your family, your lineage is being erased. And she goes to a man of God and says, can you bring me some water?  Okay, also give me bread. Oh, man of God, sorry, I only have bread enough for us. And he said, oh, that's fine. I don't mind that. You go and prepare what you want to do, go and do what you did. But before you do that, just give me some bread first. What an incredibly insensitive question for a man of God to ask. If I was that widow, I would have probably been like, excuse me? You're supposed to give me bread. What are you talking about, sir? And truly, that is how it happens to her. She came in and the whole situation was so incredibly insensitive. Now, the sermon that I'm talking about today is serving in your struggle. I'm not referring to financial offering and tithe and stuff, although the message could be angled in that way. I'm talking about pouring out of yourself. Many of us are here today and you have witnessed people receiving deliverance, just like Lisa did on the prayer line here. You have witnessed people receiving breakthrough and healing. And yet you seem to still be struggling. Maybe you have, you know, you have heard testimonies. Oh, that person, their family member received salvation. Finally, the family is restored. That marriage is restored. Their children have been restored. That healing has finally happened in their life. And here you are actually still struggling.  How many times when will I receive my miracle? But there is a secret here in which the widow of Saraphat discovered. She chose to do three things in the midst of her struggle. Three things, it's choice. These are not things that happen by themselves. The number one thing that the widow of Saraphat did in the midst of her struggle that eventually led her out of her struggle is that she could have chosen to be offended. Yet instead she chose to be obedient. Many today they are in their struggle. Maybe you are in your church today and you have been asked to serve.  I'm a single father. I have this amount of kids and this is a, you should take care of me. Who is this life group leader to ask me to lead life group? Who do I can't? I'm struggling. The widow of Saraphat was struggling. Yet she chose obedience instead of offense. She didn't know at that point that that thing that she was looking for, the way out of her suffering, the answer was in the form of a man of God asking her to give a little more. Number one, number two, the widow of Saraphat, she could have given up, but instead she chose to go on. Many of us are here today and we experience that sense of, I just want to give up. The widow of Saraphat could have looked at the prophetess and said, oh, you're asking for bread? Sure, I'll get you bread. I'll be right back and then just head home and do what she's supposed to do. Because obviously this prophetess out of his mind to ask me for bread, she could have given up. She could have returned to her home, to her house of starvation. She could have returned to her house of rejection, her house of isolation. She could have chosen to go back to her house of infirmity, her house of poverty, but instead she chose to go on. When he said, can you do this? She said, yeah, I'm going to do it. I'm going to do it. I'm not going to give up because I believe that something is about to happen in my life. Thirdly, she could have missed the opportunity, but she chose to make an effort. It actually says here in the first, in the Bible verse here, he says, God told the Elijah, Prophet Elijah, he said, I have commanded a widow there to provide for you. God had given her on a command to provide for the man of God. And when he came, she could have chosen to stay in her house. She would have missed the opportunity because she was like, oh, I'm busy praying and asking God to make a way. I don't have time to serve. I don't have time to help. I don't have time to get involved. I don't have time to minister. I don't have time to pour out of myself because I am here struggling. God get me out of the struggle and I will serve. No, she chose to make an effort. And what happened? It was that struggle that led her out. It was that serving that led her out of her struggle. Many of us are here today and we want our answers from God to happen in a specific way. How many have prayed and God didn't answer what you prayed for? Straight out. I'm the number one, especially as you were younger, you kind of prayed more selfish prayers. And then as you grow older, you begin to realize that praying for a house in a car and stuff like sure, it can happen, but if I pray for humility, that prayer will get answered for sure. And if you pray for patience, God is like, oh, that one, I'll answer that one straight away. But as we are young, we pray and we ask God for things, and it seems not to happen the way we want. We pray maybe God. You have specific prayers. You want God to give you something, but you also want to dictate how he should give it to you. God, I pray for a house, but not an old one. God, I pray for a car, but not a used one. God, I pray for a wife, but not a nagging one. And God may answer your prayer, but not the way that you expect it. Because he knows he's not concerned with what you want. God is concerned with what you need. You want a submissive wife. You want a wife that will obey your every command. God, give me a wife that will never argue with me. But he knows that what you need is someone will stand up to you and say, excuse me, sir, I know you're the man of this house, but I'm not going to agree with that. Because he knows what you need. That's what he's concerned about, not what you want. I want to give you an example. I have a friend. He has a son. His son is a couple of years, eight years old or so now. And a couple of years ago for his birthday, his son really wanted a bicycle. He was asking his father, please, Dad, I want a bicycle so bad. All my friends have bicycles. I want to bike. Dad, I need a bicycle.  I mean, I would probably, when I have a child, I'll probably be tempted to do similar things. So he said, you know, my son, I may not be able to give you a bicycle for your birthday, but you know what? Pray to God. Pray that Jesus Christ will provide a bicycle for you. And let's see. I think we serve the God that answers prayers. And he had all along intended like, okay, once my son prays, I'm going to give him the bicycle. And he's going to see that when you pray, you receive. So, you know, he was sneaking to his son's bedroom door listening and he could hear him inside there. Oh God, give me a bicycle, Lord, and it will be used for your glory. God, if you let me bike, I will bike to the ends of the world with the good news. He was like, oh yeah, my son is really going for it. So the time came for his son's birthday and he wrapped the bicycle.  Okay, either you put it in a huge box, but he wrapped it and like when the son came time to see the gift, he's like, dad, it looks like a bicycle. He's like, yeah, it does, doesn't it? So he opened it and there was a bicycle in there. And the father was like, oh, you see, son? Jesus answers prayers. God answers your prayers. And the son was like, yeah, yeah. He's like, what's wrong? What's wrong, son? And his son said, God, God gave me a bicycle, right? But it's red. I prayed for a green one. So the father, in order to save God's skin, in order to be like, oh, God doesn't make mistakes, son. Okay, it's for a purpose.  Maybe there's a greater purpose to why God gave you a red bicycle and not a green one. For example, isn't red your sister's favorite color? Maybe you meant to share it with your sister. So he had to kind of save the situation so that his son would not think that God couldn't hear him. The point of this story is to make us understand that many times we pray for something, but God doesn't give it to us the way we expect. Many people come here expecting to receive deliverance from God on the prayer line, or maybe you are here and you have been watching and joining and participating and you have seen so many testimonies being restored. But here you are still having those nightmares. Here you are today still having that sickness in your body. Here you are today still your husband hasn't come to Christ. You still haven't received that breakthrough in your career. You still haven't gotten the promotion you're waiting for, that son, that daughter still hasn't been saved. And we come and we expect that God will give us some kind of a lottery ticket here. Where the prayer line is actually like a lottery. Let me pull my lottery ticket of deliverance today. Let's see who wins the lottery. God is not a lottery, people of God. You will come here and you see, oh that guy won the ticket today of healing. That guy won the ticket of deliverance. I want to receive my deliverance today. And they come and they're like, oh God, and you hope and you think that it's by luck that you receive your deliverance. It's not, it's not by luck that you receive your deliverance. In fact, a better mindset to have, rather than thinking that God is some kind of a lottery, is to think that that deliverance that you're looking for the breakthrough or that salvation to the family member, it's actually the inheritance of the saints. It's not something you win by luck. It's something that is rightfully yours. You just need to claim it. Behind me right now, you're going to see a photo of a painting is called The Woman of Gold. Has anyone heard the story of The Woman of Gold that wasn't in the first survey? The Woman of Gold is a famous painting. You can show the second picture, which is Maria Altman. This is Maria Altman. She's an old Jewish woman who lived and was born in Austria in Europe. Her family was Jewish and during the Second World War, her family received persecution because of where they came from, because of who they were. And she and her husband managed to escape and get established in USA. But the family wasn't that lucky. And all their wealth, all their possessions, not only were the family persecuted to the point of death, all their wealth and possessions were taken by the Nazis. And at the end of Second World War, the Nazis gave those things or the Museum of Vienna claimed it. So it was given to the historical museum of Vienna. And that painting was there in the museum for 60 years. And it became a national treasure of that country. 60 years later, the only surviving heir of her family, she made a legal claim to that painting. And even though it was her inheritance, it was her legal right to get there. It belonged to her and her family. Still, she had to go there and fight for her right. Many people don't understand that your deliverance isn't a lottery ticket. It is your inheritance. But even if it's your inheritance, you may still have to fight for it. Because as for Maria, there were people. The government of Austria didn't want her to reclaim what was hers. They didn't want her to win. They tried to trick her. They tried to distract her. They told her, you don't belong to that family. It's not rightfully yours. Actually, you belong to their family, but it belongs to another family. They tried every trick in the book. But it was her legal right to own that. So after going to court and taking the government of Austria to court, she won the court case. And on one faithful day, at the end of 1999 something, she traveled back home to the United States with a luggage of a $100 million painting. That is the victory. That is the inheritance that we are talking about here.  Yet sometimes you still need to fight for it. Philippians 2 verse 12 talks about working out your salvation. Now I looked into the original meaning of the word that is used in Philippians 2.12. And the word used for salvation is a Greek word called soteria. That word means the deliverance from the molestation of enemies. We have to work, not work, but we have to fight sometimes for what is rightfully ours.  I live in a house of poverty and that's the end of me. No, you have an inheritance. The moment that you received Jesus Christ in your heart, you were adopted into the royal family of Jesus Christ. You were a branch and you were grafted into the true vine. And now it is your inheritance. So as much as our spirit is saved from the grip of the devil through salvation, so we must fight with fear and trembling for our deliverance from the molestation of our enemies. Sometimes they don't want you to walk in your freedom. And remember this, God is not so concerned with how you receive deliverance. What he is concerned about is your freedom. God is not concerned with healing. He's concerned with good health. How you experience good health differs. Some people come and they receive prayer and that is it. But maybe you are here today and you are waiting, saying, oh, I've been to prayer lines so many times. I've been waiting for my deliverance and my healing. It's not forthcoming. I'm telling you right now, the widow of Saraphat made a decision to serve her way out of her struggle. The story of the widow of Saraphat ends like this. She did everything that the Prophet asked her to do. And then he blessed her and he said, as truly as I am a man of God, your oint shall never run dry and your flower shall never run out as she served in the midst of her struggle. As she ministered in the midst of her misery. As she poured out of herself in the midst of her poverty. God made a way out for her. God wants to make a way out for you today. Have you been looking at why are you not receiving? Why is it not working like for everyone else? Why can't I be like Lisa Ludlow? Why can't I just come here and receive my deliverance? She had a journey too. You come here, don't think that you will one day by luck win that lottery ticket. It is yours, but you need to fight for it. Many of us, we find ourselves in a situation like the widow of Saraphat coming from a house of rejection, isolation, infirmity, and oppression. She didn't allow her situation to define her. To the human eye, she may have looked like she was standing still. Remember this. Have you ever heard this quote before? It's by Prophet T. B. Josh. He said, the slow movement of a tiger is not a mistake, but a calculated accuracy. What I mean to say with that quote is this. Not every car standing still is broken down. You may see cars standing still out there and you think they are broken down. No, just because you have a moment in your life where it seems like you are not moving forward. Maybe you'll find yourself in a situation where you have fallen into weakness. Maybe you have found yourself and it seems like you are just a failure. God Almighty still thinks great things of you. I want to read one final Bible verse for you here and then we're going to round up here today from the book of Luke chapter 22. Luke 22, people of God, verse 32. It says here, Jesus spoke to Peter and he said, But I have prayed for you, Peter, that your faith should not fail. And when you have returned, strengthen your brethren. Jesus prayed this before. He ever denied him. Did you know this? Peter, after denying Jesus Christ, never saw him again until he was resurrected. Jesus died and Peter saw him died. And the last encounter and experience that he had was denying his Savior. Can you imagine the guilt and condemnation that he went through? It wasn't like when Jesus was up on the cross, the Son of God dying and he came up to Jesus and whispered, I'm sorry, Jesus, I denied you. I repent. Forgive me. He didn't see him face to face until he resurrected.  And that exact thing is what he did. Yet Jesus prayed, I pray your faith will not fail. What Jesus was telling him in other words is Peter, even when you fail as a person, I pray your faith will not fail. Even though you fall into weakness as a person, your faith will not fail. Peter could have easily been defined by his failure.  The one that Jesus said, Satan, get behind me. His circumstances was defining him to be the one that denied his Savior. But Jesus Christ told him, I will not let your circumstances define you.  And on this rock, I will build my church. It doesn't matter what your situation will say about you, Peter. I say your faith will not fail.   What is that house that you are going back to? What is that situation, a failure, or a setback, disappointment that's trying to define you?   You shall be over and never under. I will give you power to go out and be my witnesses. You are more than conquerors. Though a righteous man falls seven times, he will get back up. And Jesus told Peter, Peter, the season has come for you to get back up. It doesn't matter what house you are coming from. Serve your way out of your struggle. Serve your way out of your hardship. Minister your way out of your misery. Pour out of yourself even in the midst of your poverty. I have a testimony and I'm going to round up with this here today. I went through hardship and struggle. I'm not going to give you the story. Everyone knows that those of you that come frequently. I experienced struggling in my life recently and it was really hard. And in the middle of this struggle, I was going through hard times. I was going through depression, isolation, rejection, physical absence from my wife and many other things. And I was experiencing like, is this my story? Is this how I would be remembered? Like a total failure. And in the middle of that, and I confess before you, congregation and before God today, the man of God, Pastor Vlad, told me, why don't you start a life group? And I was like, excuse me? I'll start a life group when I'm out of this struggle. How in the world do you expect me to do that in a good way when I'm not okay? And he said, you know what? Just do it. I believe that God has a plan for you. As I started that life group and tell me, I wanted to give up. I wanted to be offended. I was like, Pastor, how about you help me? How about you help me? What can't you use some supernatural power and bring me home to US? It didn't work that way. I had to serve my way out of my struggle. And as I started doing that life group, it developed into the YouTube channel, Deliverance Podcasts, developed into digital deliverance. And one thing led to another. As God would have it, he had a plan. Every situation that you're going through, there's a plan behind it. And there were many times, those of you who were part of that life group that I used to do, people would be like, can you pray for me, man of God? This week again? Look at me. I need prayer. How about you pray for me for once? And I kept serving in the middle of that struggle. And God used that to break new ground, to make a new path out of that struggle.  And that's going to be the end of it. Not every deliverance happens through prayer line here. Not every situation is solved through prayer line. Prayer is good. Prayer is necessary. Incredibly important. But some situations, you need to outgrow that struggle. Some situations you need to outgive that struggle. Some situations you need to outpray that struggle. You need to outfast that struggle. You need to outlaw that struggle. You need to outgrow that struggle.  Hallelujah. Hey, thanks for watching this video. 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