Welcome back. We'll continue from where we left off. So you're looking at how the Holy Spirit is a creator. We see that he is not only the creator, but he's also the creative being and he imparts that creativity. When we say the Holy Spirit is a teacher, this is also something that he teaches. He gives the ability to create to others and he did so and that is what we see in the Old Testament. So what he did in the Old Testament times, he's ready, willing to do it in our day and time as well. So we were looking at Numbers 11 and we see that the elders who were there, they also received the work of the Holy Spirit and which we saw that it is actually the whole ability to lead, the ability that a leader needs. Maybe it is to have the vision, it is to give direction. It is maybe wisdom to choose between what is right and wrong, discernment to choose between what is right and all that. The Lord ensured that the 70 elders also received and then they could carry that burden of responsibility. So we see that happening. So it's very encouraging for us.  Some of us here, it could be that or maybe you're heading a small group, maybe a small Bible study, a fellowship.  Now sometimes you feel that this burden is so heavy. I feel that everything comes upon me, everybody's asking me what to do. Everybody's looking to me for direction and what should we do next? And it seems to be so heavy. So we can be encouraged because the Holy Spirit who did this during the time of Moses, he can do the same thing for us today. Even as we pray and ask, Lord, this leadership ability, God give it to some of the others in the team. Same vision, same kind of passion, same kind of wisdom and ability. You just give as you choose, Lord, some of these leaders, some of these elders who are there and the Lord will carry that or do that for us so that we can do our ministry, we can enjoy doing the work of the Lord and there will be others who will come alongside and carry that weight of responsibility along with us. So we see several other things, also we see Numbers 27, 18, we read about Joshua. That is interesting, let's go there. See there are several other scriptures which are mentioned there and I'm just skipping that but since these are there in the notes, I just want to encourage us to read through, maybe after the class or before next class, you can read through that. And we'll get an understanding of what all the other things that the Holy Spirit did. So we're looking at Numbers 27 and verse 18. The Lord is giving some instruction to Moses again. Now Numbers 27 verse 18, the Lord said to Moses, take Joshua, the son of Nun, with you, a man in whom is the spirit and lay your hand on him. Set him before Ilias the priest and before all the congregation and inaugurate him in their sight. Verse 23, go down to verse 23 and he laid his hands on him and inaugurated him just as the Lord commanded by the hand of Moses. So verse 22 also says, Moses did as the Lord commanded and he took Joshua and set him before Ilias the priest and before all the congregation. So the Lord is asking Moses to do something. There is Joshua who's been trained under Moses, who's been helping Moses and he's seen everything throughout the journey. So the Lord gives Moses specific instruction.  Set him before the people, inaugurate him as the leader. Moses does that. Now let's turn to the book of Deuteronomy chapter 34. Deuteronomy 34 and verse 9. Deuteronomy 34 verse 9. Now Joshua the son of Nun was filled with the spirit of wisdom for Moses had laid his hands on him. So the children of Israel heeded him just as the Lord had commanded Moses. So it says Joshua the son of Nun was full of the spirit of wisdom for Moses had laid his hands on him so that the children of Israel heeded him. So what happened there? There was something that the Lord did for Joshua even as Moses obeyed the Lord. The same thing that he did with the elders, he did something like that here. So the leadership mantle that was upon Moses now was upon Joshua and it says here and the children of Israel heeded him, meaning they obeyed him, they listened to him even as Joshua led. So we see that the whole mantle of leadership, the Holy Spirit transfers onto Joshua. So we read that. And we see that in the Old Testament, we're going to see the difference between how the Lord worked in the Old Testament and how he did in the New Testament, how he does in the New Testament. So we're going to look at, study that difference. But we see that when we go through the book of Judges, we see that the Holy Spirit comes upon a person. He comes upon a person for a particular assignment for that lifetime of that person. And what is that assignment to lead the people? There was no leader, there were what we call as judges and these were the people who were leading. These were the leaders who were leading the people, the children of Israel. So these were the judges. So the Holy Spirit would come upon these judges during their lifetime and they would lead the people of Israel. So we see, let's look at Judges 3 and verse 9. So we are moving on, going to Judges chapter 3 and then verse 9. Then the children of Israel cried out to the Lord, the Lord raised up a deliverer for the children of Israel who delivered them, Othniel the son of Kenaz, Caleb's younger brother. Verse 10, the Spirit of the Lord came upon him and he judged Israel. So what did the Lord do? The Spirit of the Lord came upon this person and he judged. What does judge mean? What does it mean to judge? Is it a good thing to judge or is it a bad thing? What do you think? Online students, is it good to judge or bad to judge? We have a book called Judges. It's a bad. And all they did was judging. It's a bad thing. It's a bad thing. Okay. So Pankaj says it's a bad thing to judge. Then what were all these judges doing? Right. So, you know, we look at Judges 3 and verse 10, you look at that. The Spirit of the Lord came upon who? Othniel. And it says, and he judged Israel. Okay, so judging is to discern, is to impart wisdom. To judge is to actually choose between two options or many options and say, okay, this is good judgment. Okay, this is what I am judging. This is what I am choosing. Okay, so all of us, we judge every day.  I want some more. Right, you eat some food or you drink something and say, this is nice. I think I would. So what are you making? You're making a judgment. What is a judgment? You're saying, okay, is this suitable? Is this good? Is this bad? Or maybe you taste something and you don't like it so much.  You made a judgment. Right. So, all of us judge, you know, when we go on the streets, on the road, when you're going and we see a signal and we judge, hey, is it green or red? Right. And if it's red and if you go past the signal, you will be fine. There could be some accident. So it's a bad judgment. Right. You're supposed to stand, stop at the signal, but you did not. So it's a bad judgment. It is green and you're supposed to go. You go. It's a good judgment. You judge correctly. So judging is good. Judging is necessary and we judge every day. Right. The thing is, I think what Pankaj is referring to is, you know, the Lord says, you know, don't judge before it's time. Okay. So you judge something before it's time. You judge something in order to condemn it. Right. You judge something with a set of maybe baby values that are not right. Then that is bad judgment. Right. So the Lord says, don't judge before it's time. So it's in the context of maybe, you know, judging too hastily or even judging with the view of just condemning, you know, writing off rejecting. So all of us judge. So these judges were leading people and the Holy Spirit was giving them the ability to judge.  Right. Right now, maybe some of us are not. And then we're thinking, okay, you know, what is the big thing in leading people? What is the big thing in leading a nation? What is the big thing in, you know, everybody does it. I'm sure it's, it is difficult. There's a lot of pressure. There's a lot of expectation. Right. And certain, certain choices or certain decisions that you make will have far reaching consequences. Right. So it's a lot of pressure, a lot of expectation and you need to judge right. A lot of wisdom is required. A lot of discernment. So the Holy Spirit came upon these judges so that they could judge righteously so that they could lead the people. Right. Both Nail, the Lord came upon him. The Holy Spirit came upon him and he judged Israel. Okay. So then we read about Gideon in chapter six. Right. Judges chapter six and verse 34. It says, but the spirit of the Lord came upon Gideon. Then he blew the trumpet and the Abysserites gathered behind him. So here, if you read, you know, versus prior to that, what is Gideon doing? Gideon is threshing wheat. Okay. And he's doing it undercover because the people called the Midianites come, invade, they take away, they plunder. Basically, they destroy the crops, they take away whatever livestock and everything is there. They take it from the Israelites and they go. They steal plunder. Okay. And so for fear that whatever crop he is, you know, pressing, they will come and take it. He's doing it undercover. He's doing it in a wine press. That's where he is threshing the wheat. So the angel comes to him and he says, arise, O man of valor. You mighty man. So Gideon's response is, you have the wrong address. You've come to the wrong place. You've come to the wrong man. I'm not that. Right. This is my background. This is my family background. You've come to the wrong place. The angel says, the Lord is with you. You mighty man of valor. Okay. But see, the whole thing changes. When the spirit of the Lord comes upon Gideon, then he blew the trumpet and the people gather around him and he goes and, you know, he goes on his assignment. Right. And the Lord says, so Gideon says, Lord, if you will save Israel by the hand, as you have said, then he goes on to, you know, we know that story of the fleece. Right. He puts out a fleece in order to test and check, you know, with God. You know, is it really you who's spoken and so on. But the thing is that the spirit of the Lord comes upon Gideon and he goes about to fulfill the assignment. Okay. So for that assignment of leading, for that assignment, he had to, you know, leave the people in conquests. Okay. So maybe in today's time, it is how we need to maybe fulfill or achieve certain things, maybe plan and execute certain things. Right. So the Holy Spirit comes upon and he empowers, gives the ability to do that. So Holy Spirit does that. Right. So we see that in the life of Gideon. Also, you know, like Samson and so on. So in Samson's case, it was supernatural strength and then the Lord, the Holy Spirit came upon him. Okay. So let's go to, let's go to first and second Samuel. Right. Let's look at first Samuel chapter three and verse one. Okay. We're moving on quickly. First Samuel chapter three and verse one. Okay. Now it says here, the boy Samuel ministered to the Lord before Eli and the word of the Lord was rare in those days. There was no widespread revelation. Okay. First Samuel chapter three, verse nine. Let's go on to verse 19. So Samuel grew and the Lord was with him and let none of his words fall to the ground and all Israel from Dan to Beishiba knew that Samuel had been established as a prophet of the Lord. Then the Lord appeared again in Shiloh for the Lord revealed himself to Samuel in Shiloh by the word of the Lord. So something is happening here that Samuel is established as a prophet. Who is a prophet? Prophet so and so. Samuel is a prophet, prophet Isaiah. Who is a prophet? Okay. Prophet is someone who conveys a message from God. Okay. One who tells about the future. Okay. Prophet. Hindi. Bhavishivani. Right. Bhavishita. Okay. Prophet. So. Prophet is simply a person who hears from God and proclaims or declass it to the people who hears from God and does that or obeys, carries out what needs to be done. Right. So here it says there then the Lord was with him and let none of his words fall to the ground in the sense there was a fulfillment of whatever words or whatever instructions or something that he prophesied, Samuel prophesied. Okay. Now prophecy comes by the spirit of the Lord and it is not just the man or not because of man's ability. Okay. We see in first Samuel chapter nine and verse nine. Okay. First Samuel nine and verse nine says when a man went for many Israel and a man meant to inquire of the Lord, he spoke thus, come let us go to the seer for he who is now called a prophet was formerly called a seer. So when people wanted to inquire of God, now God, the Holy Spirit would come upon people and enable them to do certain things. Right. In the case of judges, you would come upon and they would judge, they would lead, they would lead into some, you know, conquest and so on. Right. So here we see that when people wanted to hear from God, they would go to a prophet and it says here that there was, it was formerly called a seer. Seer is a person who sees. Right. He has a revelation of what God is showing and that's it. Right. So here people would go to a prophet, people go to a seer and the prophet would prophesy by the spirit of the Lord. Okay. They would say, this is what the Lord is saying. This is what the Lord wants to do. This is what the Lord is saying to you in your situation. And it is by the spirit of the Lord, meaning the spirit of the Lord gives the ability to the prophet to hear. The spirit of the Lord gives the message to share or the instruction to carry out and the prophet does that. Okay. So spirit of the Lord comes upon Samuel. Okay. Let's see another scripture. First Samuel chapter 10. So we are in chapter nine. Let's move on to chapter 10. Okay. Chapter 10 and worse. Yeah. Somebody. Okay. Yeah. You have a question, Julie. I see that your hand is raised. So do you have a question? You can type it out. Okay. Back connection maybe dropped out of the call. Fine. So we look at chapter 10 and verse five onwards. Okay. Let's just read chapter 10 verse five. And this is what Samuel is saying. Okay. After you have come to the hill of God where the Philistine garrison is and it will happen when you come there to the city that you will meet a group of prophets coming down from the high place with a stringed instrument, a tambourine, a flute and a harp before them and they will be prophesying. So we see during this time prophets, the Spirit of the Lord would come upon the prophets as he did upon the judges and during their lifetime, during their life assignment, he would give the instruction, he would give the messages and the prophets would prophesy or proclaim, share that message or carry out that instruction. Okay. So here Samuel is saying that you will meet a group of prophets coming down from a high place and they will also carry some music instruments and they will be prophesying. Look at verse six. Now Samuel is having a conversation with Saul, King Saul and this is what he's saying. He's telling King Saul, then the Spirit of the Lord will come upon you and you will prophesy with them and be turned into another man. The Spirit of the Lord will come upon you and you will prophesy with them and you will be turned into another man. Okay. And then we go on to verse 10. Then they came to the hill. There was a group of prophets to meet him. Then the Spirit of God came upon him and he prophesied among them. Now a couple of things to note here. Now Samuel, he prophesied by the Spirit of the Lord. He was saying, this is what will happen to Saul, King Saul.  You see all the information that God has given Samuel. You will see this group. They will come down. They will be carrying these instruments and they will be prophesying. Then the Spirit of God, then the Holy Spirit will fill you, will come upon you and you will also prophesy along with them. Okay. And then we read verse 10. We see that that is how it was when it came to the hill. There was a group of prophets to meet. Spirit of God came upon him and he prophesied among them. So we see Prophet Samuel talking about this, giving this information, something about the future that's going to happen and it happened so. The Lord, people testify that the Lord did not allow the words of Samuel to fall to the ground. So which means that it came to pass. It was a complete, it was fulfilled. Okay. So we see the prophecy fulfilled here and as Saul, in Saul's life, he was filled or he was Holy Spirit came upon him and he prophesied. Okay. He spoke how he declared the words of the Lord. Okay. Let's look at one more strip shell. Okay. So what do we understand from this? The Spirit of the Lord causes people to prophesy. Yes or no? That's a simple conclusion. So if the Spirit of the Lord cost or enabled Samuel to prophesy, enabled the King Saul to prophesy, who was in no way called a prophet or anything, but if the Spirit of the Lord can do that, can he do that today? Yes. Right. So prophecy is for today. The Spirit of the Lord can enable ordinary people to prophesy. It could be information about the future. It could be something that the Lord freshly wants to bring to these people. So the Holy Spirit can do that even today. That's something that we understand. So we've been looking at, you know, quite a few things that the Spirit of God does. Creation, creativity, right?  And here we see spiritual gifts like, or spiritual activity like prophesying. The same Holy Spirit, right? You see, he moves in so much, you know, diversity and so different ways he functions. All that we see as we go through the Old Testament. Okay. Okay, then let's look at David, David's life, right? Second Samuel 23 and verse 2. Second Samuel chapter 23 and verse 2. Now these are the last words of David. Thus says David, the son of Jesse. Thus says the man raised up on high, the anointed of the God of Jacob, and the sweet psalmist of Israel. He says in verse 2, the Spirit of the Lord spoke by me and his word was on my tongue. Okay. So we know King David, we know about the Psalms he wrote, about the songs that he wrote, about the instruments that he, you know, the tabernacle that he set up, the whole worship that he set up. We learn all that about King David. So it says here that David is testifying, he's saying the Spirit of the Lord spoke by me. Okay. Which is again prophesying, prophesying, right? And his word was on my tongue. Okay. So the Spirit of the Lord enabled him to write those songs, enabled him to declare those songs and declare whatever prophetic utterance that, that is there in the Psalms. Who did it? The Spirit of the Lord. Okay. So we might be thinking, okay, you know, can I, can I release some songs or songs? Right. And I feel that I have this ability and yes, the Holy Spirit can enable us to do that. As he did in the psalmist's life, the Spirit of the Lord saying that I spoke by the Spirit of the Lord. Okay. So here, let's look at 2 Samuel 7 and verses 1 to 17. So David says this towards the end of his life. Let's look at 2 Samuel 7 where and verses 1 to 17, right? Okay. This is King Nathan. I'm sorry, prophet Nathan and he goes to the King and he says, he prophesies to him. Verse 3 we see. 2 Samuel 7 and verse 3. Then Nathan said to the King, go do all that is in your heart for the Lord is with you. Okay. Verse 4. And it happened that night that the word of the Lord came to Nathan saying, go tell my servant David. Thus says the Lord, would you build a house for me to dwell in? For I have not dwelt in a house since the time I brought the children of Israel up from Egypt even to this day but I have moved about in a tent and in a tabernacle. Whatever I have moved about with all the children of Israel, have I ever spoken a word to anyone from the tribes of Israel and so on? So verse 8. Now therefore thus shall you say to my servant David, thus says the Lord of hosts, I took you from the sheep fold, from following the sheep to be ruler over my people, over Israel and so on.  Your throne shall be established forever according to all these words and according to all this vision. So Nathan spoke to David. So Nathan was a prophet. So he received prophetic utterance about David, about what David has to do and about how the Lord had brought him from being a shepherd to be a leader of people and he says here if you see verse 17 and according to all this vision, which means that Nathan, he received this prophetic utterance in a vision. And who gave that? The Lord gave, the Holy Spirit caused him to receive that and declare that. The Lord uses Nathan to also reveal some information that none, nobody knew or David tied to hide about his sin. His sin of adultery. We read that in 2 Samuel chapter 12. 2 Samuel 12 was at 1 to 14 and Nathan has this conversation. He meets with David and he confronts the sin that he did and the Lord it says here verse 12, sorry chapter 12 verse 1. Then the Lord sent Nathan to David and he came to him and begins to give the prophecy. Okay. So Charles here says, can you touch a little on the group of people who say prophecy is not for today and then they all ended in the book of and they all ended in the book of Acts. Okay. So we're going to study about prophecy as one of the gifts of the Spirit. So the thing is Brother, your mic is on mute brother. Oh sorry, how long has it been muted? Since the question started. For what? When you read the question, brother, half Charles. Okay. I think I accidentally touched that. So sorry about that. So we see that Paul is writing to the Corinthian church and is giving them instruction how the gift should be actually used and so on. So we know that even in the Corinthian church the gifts were there. So nowhere do we see these gifts stopping or running out. The same Holy Spirit was leading them. So anyway, we will study in detail about these gifts. So I think Andrew has a question. Andrew and Anusha you can go ahead and probably type out your question please or ask them. Andrew No questions sir. Your mic was on mute so that's why I raised the hand.  Got it. Okay, fine. Thank you. So we see that I hope that helps Charles. So let's move on. We move on to Elijah 1 Kings 18 and verse 12. So as we go through this through these books as we just go through the Old Testament we see the work of the Spirit here and there and we see the varied ways in which the Holy Spirit is working, ministering, functioning. So we see all that. So let's look at 1 Kings 18 and we're reading verse 12. So this is the conversation between Elijah and this person by name Obadiah. So Elijah meets with Obadiah and he has this conversation. So let's see maybe let's look at verse 7. Now as Obadiah was on his way suddenly Elijah met him and he recognized him and fell on his knees. And then Elijah says it is I go tell your master Elijah is here. So he said, how have I sinned that you are delivering your servant into the hand of Ahab to kill. Now we know that you know Ahab was a ruler. He was a pretty, you know, not a righteous ruler. So he and the Jezebel massacred the prophets of Lord so Obadiah is a person who has actually taken some prophets and it protected them in the verses before that he had taken about 100 prophets and hidden them, 50 in a cave and so on and fed them. So he knows that Ahab is not a good man. He's not a good ruler. So here Elijah is saying go tell your master or go tell Ahab that Elijah is here. So he's very troubled Obadiah is troubled and he says have I sinned that you're delivering your servant into the hand of Ahab. Now look at this, you know, as the Lord, I'm looking at verse 10, as the Lord your God lives there is no nation or kingdom where my master has not sinned someone to hunt for you when they say he is not here he took an oath from the kingdom that they would nation that they could not find you go tell your master Elijah is here. Now verse 12 is very interesting says and it shall come to pass as soon as I'm gone from you that the spirit of the Lord will carry you to a place that I do not know. So this means that Obadiah it was a common occurrence in those days. He was aware of this that the spirit of the Lord could do this to the people of God or to the prophets. It says here verse 12, it came to pass as soon as I've gone from you that the spirit of the Lord will carry you to a place I do not know and when I go and tell Ahab and he cannot find you he will kill me for I but I have served and have feared the Lord from my youth. So we see that some supernatural works of the Holy Spirit. So he's saying the Holy Spirit will take you away physically from a place and people cannot find you. Ahab cannot find you and therefore you'll be angry and it will be like me giving him wrong information and I will be put to death. So that is something that we see. Now we see a paddle to this in the book of Acts when we read about in chapter 8 and we read about Philip what happens is Philip is we are going to look at the book of Acts verse by lot of verses but we see that Philip in the book of Acts is actually giving water baptism to the Ethiopian official Ethiopian unit. So when the Ethiopian official comes out of the water Philip is not there Philip is not there physically in that place he is not found and it says the Spirit of the Lord actually took him right. So the Holy Spirit is all powerful and if he so chooses in his plan and will and purpose he can actually do this. He is God. He is the God supernatural God miraculous God who did it in so it seems to be a common thing there. So the Holy Spirit will do that Spirit of God will do that and then I will be in trouble and we see in the book of Acts the same thing the Spirit of God actually takes Philip away from that place where he baptizes the Ethiopian unit. So just for us to know that the Holy Spirit does things that go beyond our understanding that go beyond our our learning of this is how the natural laws operate. Holy Spirit is well able to do the miraculous right. So he is God. He is well able to do the miraculous it's like saying okay everybody sitting in class and suddenly I say let's bow our heads and pray you all close your eyes and when you open your eyes I'm not there it's as you know it's like that as supernatural as that it's not a natural thing for a person to just disappear like that it will take some time I have to go there go up the stairs and go and by then I'm sure many people will open their eyes and see because it's taking some time or it's going to I've made some noise and all that what we understand is God the Holy Spirit is above the natural laws above because he's the creator right. He is the God who does the miraculous and the supernatural okay so the for them they had an understanding of it they acknowledged it and say yeah God you are able to do that and some of them experienced it like Philip and so on okay okay let's you can go through some of these scriptures and yeah let's go on to you can read about Elisha also how Elisha was filled with the spirit and so on I'm going on to you know 1st Chronicles chapter 12 okay 1st Chronicles chapter 12 okay so 1st Chronicles 12 and verse 17 verse 17 and 18 okay so it says here then David went out to meet them now it's talking about the sons of Benjamin and Judah who came to meet David and this is actually like David's army is growing and people have come to meet David in order to give them their support right so David went out to meet them and answered and said to them if you have come peaceably to me to help me my heart will be united with you but if to betray me to my enemies since there is no wrong in my hands may the God of our fathers look and bring judgment then the spirit of God came upon Amasai, chief of the captains and he said we are yours or David we are on your side or son of Jesse peace peace to you and peace to your helpers for our God helps you so David received them and made them captain of the troop captains of the troop so we see something here that the spirit of the Lord is coming upon these mighty warriors and he is bringing them gathering them and uniting them under the leadership of David something like what he would he did in Joshua something similar for a purpose for an assignment is actually there it was actually giving that leadership ability to others here the Lord is gathering those leaders to work under this king or king to be David for a particular purpose so what is he doing he is actually brought them so it says here then the spirit of the Lord came upon Amasai and Amasai gives his allegiance to David and he says we are yours we are on your side we are here to to be with you for our God helps you so what do we learn from this there is something to be learned here that the spirit of God can actually gather unite people put maybe the vision that God has given put that in their hearts as well and gather them for a particular purpose ok now David was looking for people who can come and help and so on but here we see that people are coming and saying we are with you we are with you for this particular cause we will fight alongside you ok so we see that then what else do we see we move on to chapter 28 ok we look at chapter 28 and verse 12 ok maybe let's let's read a few verses earlier ok let's read from verse 10 ok first chronicles chapter 28 verse 10 consider now for the Lord has chosen you to build a house for the sanctuary be strong and do it ok who is saying these words David to Solomon ok and then verse 11 then David gave his son Solomon the plans for the vestibule its houses its treasuries its upper chambers its inner chambers and the place of the mercy seat ok and the plans for all that he had by the spirit of the courts of the house of the Lord of all the chambers around treasuries of the house of God and so on and goes on to great detail right so plans for the building of the temple was given to David now he's passing on to Solomon and he's saying the plans he had by the spirit ok so David did not David you know we must understand he was a shepherd boy who sang well and wrote some nice songs that was again by the spirit of the Lord by the spirit of the Lord which means the Holy Spirit helped and empowered him to write that ok almost ok I just need to plug in my charger just give me a minute please excuse me ok sorry about that ok so we see here that this entire design for the temple which was built by Solomon now looking at David we know that he was a shepherd he didn't go to any architectural college of architecture or anything like that but it says here that he got the design for the temple by the Holy Spirit and why not the same Holy Spirit who could give the intricate design you know for the artisans or for the workmanship of creating jewelry and fabric and so on the same Holy Spirit is giving David the design for the temple now we know that just before building something there is a blueprint the architects would be carrying a blueprint would be carrying so what does the blueprint have it's a plan where do the windows go where does the door go how many windows in this particular place how wide should it be how long should it be and probably later you decide this should be the color of the wall this should be how many electrical points should be there and so on so the same kind of design God has given David by the Spirit which means he just got a download, a divine download in his spirit and he is now telling his son you know this is what this is how the design should be and the Holy Spirit gave me this so let's stop here so we understand that the Holy Spirit is God Holy Spirit is God he is capable and he is able to do so many wonderful things and this is what he did in the lives of these people right and this is the same God whom we worship now he's not changed his way of working has changed which we will study but he is the same God right so when we know that Holy Spirit is a person and he is more than willing to talk to us spend time with us and he desires that we spend time with him and when we understand the Holy Spirit moves in amazing wonderful ways and he gives ability gives the special ideas and creativity we can actually we have access to him so we can go spend time receive from him right so that's the beautiful thing that's the beautiful privilege that we have as people of God right ok so we will stop here and then we will continue in the next class so what you can do is when we meet next week and go through the rest of the notes and that will be helpful you know we can move a little quicker right ok thank you online students thank you nice meeting you thank you very much sir bye bye thank you


I don't know if it's just me, but it feels like Wink Martindale to the Giants is inevitable. Now, we remember a couple of years ago after the 2019 season, Wink actually interviewed with the Giants for their head coaching spot, but he unfortunately didn't get it. They went in a different direction. So now, with their previous defensive coordinator going to the Raiders, they have an opening. And with them having that opening, they are actually interviewing Wink for that spot. And this could be something nice. Now, so much in my opinion, depends on the Giants personnel. I'm not too familiar with their personnel on defense, but Wink could be a good fit, depending on the pieces that you have. Now, I know they have Leonard Williams and Leonard Williams, if he can get consistent interior pressure, then I feel like that will make Wink's entire scheme that much better. Now, we saw how Wink was against the run last year. He had the number one run defense in the league, but as far as the past defense, that's where things took a huge step back. Now, a lot of it was, of course, due to injury. And a lot of it was due to the lack of adjustments and not putting people in good position to succeed. So as Giants fans, if Wink is even hired because it's just an interview, but that's where it starts. But as far as him, you're going to need to have some good corners and corners that can cover on an island, corners that can cover one-on-one because Wink is going to Blitz. That is his personality, that is his strategy. He lives by and dies by that Blitz. He don't play about that Blitz.  He don't care what you're doing or when you're doing it. If he wants to Blitz, he will send it. Now, depending on your cornerbacks, it will determine how successful that Blitz is. And of course, depending on the linebackers, but also the defensive line. This is why I brought up Leonard Williams because if he sends the Blitz, one thing that he hasn't had with the Ravens has been a good interior pass rusher. And I feel like that would just make such a huge difference. Or it would have made such a huge difference for all his Blitzing that he did. Because a lot of his Blitzes, guys would come from the outside and guys would almost get there. But then the quarterback would step up. And they would step up because with that interior pressure, there wouldn't be any. So a quarterback could just dodge those exterior pass rushes and be like, oh, okay, I'll just move up in the pocket. I'll just step up in the pocket and worry about them.  Then somebody would be wide open.  So if he does end up going to the Giants, okay, you could be sat there with that or wherever he ends up, that will be such a huge piece to what he does. Him being able to have somebody that can create interior pressure. But we love Wink with the Ravens. We've, I feel like Wink got the short end of the stick, but they did say that the Ravens, they tried to sign him to a deal where they would have more control of the deal. So Wink was like, you know what? No, I'm straight, I'm good off of that. And Wink hit it, he left. So hope everything goes well. I hope he gets the job, especially because the Ravens play the Giants this year. Ooh, that will be something. That will be something right there. So we'll see how it goes. So hope Wink goes and crushes that interview and Giants are like, you know what? You hide on the spot.


So today we're going to talk about a couple of things. We're going to be talking about workload identity. We're going to be talking about multi-cloud. And more specifically, we're going to be talking about the multi-cloud access problem and how we're going to solve this with workload identity and technology such as Spiffy, Spire, and Tonya. So before we go ahead, a little quick introduction. My name is Brandon, and I'm here with my colleague Marius. And we are both from IBM Research. And today we are going to start by telling you a bit more about workload identity, how it works in a cloud provider. We're then going to bring this into multi-cloud context. And we're going to talk about solutions that work today and some of their limitations. And then we are going to introduce this notion of a universal or organization-wide identity of which we have a really cool demo for you. So we have a lot of content to dive into, so let's go ahead. So let's first introduce the concept of workload identity by looking at the anatomy of a workload identity within a context of a single cloud. So every cloud provider handles workload identity in a similar way. So each of them has an identity provider that comes in the form of a rule of trust or certificate authority. This certificate authority then issues identities through the form of usually some kind of infrastructure service, such as for AWS, for example, would be the AWS metadata service. So we then have a workload that's running on, let's say Kubernetes or OpenShift. This container that wants to access a service, such as a database, what they have to do is then they have to talk to the service to obtain a workload identity that comes in the form of usually X519 certificate or JWT token. They then present this to the identity and access management on the top of the cloud. And because the cloud is well integrated with itself, it's able to authenticate the workload identity and provide access seamlessly. So now let's talk about this in terms of multi-cloud. In this scenario, we have an organization example where we have three different clouds. If IBM cloud, we have a zero and AWS in blue, green, and yellow respectively. So we notice that if a workload kind of lives within its own silo, we don't really have that much of a problem. And in fact, within a single cloud, I am identity and access management is pretty much a solved problem. However, the difficulty comes in when we want to do multi-cloud access, when we want to access a resource from one cloud from a workload in another. Example of this is on the access and AWS S3 bucket from a workload in IBM cloud. So let's talk about how this is done today. So the first method is using long-lived credentials. This is probably something that most have done before myself included. And what this involves is, for example, if I want to access Azure Cosmos DB as a resource from IBM cloud, what I would do is I'll go up to the Azure service, say, please create an API key for me or some long-lived credential. And myself as an administrator would take this API key, which is just a bunch of bytes. I'm going to create a Kubernetes secret. I'm going to mount it into my workload, and my workload will then be able to access the service. So this technique is great, because it's very simple. It's really easy to get started. Unfortunately, it comes with several caveats, so one of which is we are using a long-lived credential. That means that it's very difficult to measure risk. If there's an incident that happens, it's difficult to measure the blast radius. The second part of this is that as we saw, we had to trust an administrator or components, such as myself, in order to handle these highly privileged credentials. And therefore, we are putting a lot of trust in a single admin or single component, which in compliance cases can lead to a lot of complications. So the next method of doing this is through Cloud Federation. The idea behind Federation is very simple. It means that we want to teach an IM system for one cloud how to interpret and how to authenticate identities from another. This is usually done by protocols, such as OIDC, or taking the trust bundles or certificate authorities, and then moving them to the next cloud. And this is great, because we are still using the short-lived credentials from the cloud. We don't need administrators or any intermediaries that come and handle these credentials. Awesome, talk's over. Unfortunately, this is not the case. So there are several problems with Federation today. So the first is that Federation support kind of varies within the clouds. If I want to access a GCP resource from AWS with Google Cloud's identity pool service, this can be done fairly easily. However, if you want to do the opposite, this is a fairly involved process. And this blog post linked here actually describes what you need to do.  So besides that, secondly, each cloud does workload identities or defines workload identities slightly differently. So every cloud provider has its own identity scheme. It may contain a bunch of attributes. It may contain policy IDs, security group IDs, and things like that. The issue with this is that some of these fields may not have meaning in other clouds. For example, AWS security group IDs, when we see it from an IBM cloud perspective or a zero perspective, don't really have any meaning. And what this results in is it becomes difficult to manage identities or to create meaningful access policies across clouds within the organization. And lastly comes the problem of scale. So we are doing cloud to cloud Federation. So we can see that, for example, just with three individual clouds, if we federate all of them, we end up having to maintain six different trust relationships. And this is not even considering what happens if one cloud provider decides to add something into its identity scheme, or decides to change some attributes of its identity. So to be able to solve this problem, we don't have to look too far to draw inspiration. In fact, if we ask ourselves, if we look at user identities and ask ourselves, how do we address the problem of user identities? And the answer to that is done organization-wide or globally. When we think about a user, John, for example, we don't think about John as John AWS, John IBM cloud, John GCP. We think about John from development, he's a funny guy, you know, he has access to these bunch of clouds, right? And so the question is, why don't we treat our workflow identities the same way, right? Applications and services are after all organizational constructs, right? Why are we married to this idea that workflow identity has to be tied to the platform? So how do we do that with workloads? So to do this, we say we wanna have a universal or organization-wide workflow identity. So what this means is that first, I need to define an identity scheme for my entire organization. So why identity scheme? In this example, we take from the Spiffy book, we can see it has the name of the organization, it has a region, so maybe we can use compliance or compliance controls, whether it's dev staging prod and also the department or the project in which the workload belongs to. Another part of creating an organization-wide workflow identity is you wanna really minimize the points of federation so you have a single point of federation. So this is great because it helps reduce risk of misconfiguration because operators only need to deal with one scheme and they only have to deal with one federation point. So now that we want this, how do we go about doing it? And we're gonna introduce this concept of a zero trust workload identity management platform. I know zero trust is like a very overused word. In this case, when we say zero trust, we just mean that everything's authenticated and tested throughout. So what do we need out of this platform in order to make universal workload identity work? So first of all, we need to be able to define what the identity scheme is. We need a way to enforce identity scheme throughout our organization. It's also as important that we make sure that workloads get the correct credentials and the workloads with the correct credentials really have been attested and we can prove that it is there who they say. And last but not least because after all, we wanna alleviate the management problem. We wanna have a single point of federation to all the cloud services. And how we're gonna do this is we're gonna use Spiffy, Spire, and Tonyak. So, all right, I'll give you a bit more. There we go. Awesome, so let's meet the technologies. So these three projects are all CNCF projects under the Spiffy umbrella. We have time to go too much in the detail, but so Spiffy, first off, is the secure production identity framework for everyone. It is kind of like the identity spec. It defines how workloads can securely obtain the identities. We have Spire that is the implementation and implementation of Spiffy. In this case, it provides the zero trust associations of the workloads and the infrastructure as well as together with the OIDC discovery service provides a final federation. And last but not least, we have Tonyak which is a control plane slash UI for Spire and together with the Kubernetes workload registrar, it provides a way to define the universal workload identity and foster. So our claim is that if you install a zero trust workload identity management platform and you kind of exercise this notion of organization-wide or universal workload identity, you're gonna get all the great stuff that we talked about and in addition to that, you're gonna be able to centrally manage as well as audit all your workload identities. So with that, I'm gonna pass it on to Marius who is gonna show you a really cool demo. Okay, thank you, Brendan, for the great... So let's take a look at our hypothetical scenario of several Kubernetes clusters and they are deployed in different clouds. We have Microsoft here, Amazon, IBM cloud. Then we deployed workloads that need to access the S3 storage bucket. So we will demonstrate that using universal workload identity, this task is very simple and very secure. So first, we need to stand up the identity management service with Spire and Tornyak to manage all the organization workloads and all the identities in the cluster. Then we deploy Spire agents as demon sets with one agent per each node in every cluster. Then every agent is attested with the Spire server. For attestation, we are using cloud provider-specific plugins or attestation that is based on Kubernetes platform. This solution is giving us zero trust attestation for underlying infrastructure. Next, we use the Kubernetes workload registrar that automates the process of creating universal workload identities for all the workloads in the organization. All the agent attested workload identities can be easily viewed and managed from one location, which is the Tornyak interface. Once we have the universal identity schema using the open ID to federate these identities, we can use this for federating across all the clouds. Now we can create and manage policies that control access for the all organizational workloads for access to storage, for example. So in our quick demo, we will show you how to enable the identity provider in Amazon, how to set up the policy and role for guarding the access to S3 storage buckets. And then we'll demonstrate the workload running in IBM cloud that is requesting the universal SPIFI ID for itself from the agent and then using this identity to request access to the storage. So here's the example of the universal workload identity that we use for our organization. It's composed of the trust domain that represents the organization, the name of the region, cluster, namespace, service account, and pod name. So here's just the example. Just for fun, we use the open shift in SpaceX that is running in US East region. The cluster name is TSI Cube 01, default namespace, and Elon Musk service account. So now we can define policies that would guard access to the S3 storage. So in this example, we want the region to must be in US location. We can use any Kubernetes cluster. However, the namespace must be mission and service account Elon Musk and the pod must start with the Mars mission name. Okay, so let's do a quick demo. Good? Okay, so let's start with the Tornaq interface. So if you look at the navigation bar, we have a management for clusters, agents. We can list and manage the entries. There is a section for server information and the Tornaq dashboard. So let me just go to the clusters. And here we go. We manage six different clusters and they are deployed in different locations, different clouds. So for example, we have here Amazon. This is Azure and there are a few in IBM cloud. Some of them are OpenShift and others are just the native Kubernetes. Okay, if we click here on Tornaq info, you can see that this spire server is defined with node attesters. And right here we have one for Kubernetes. There's one for Amazon and Azure. Okay, if we click here on the dashboard, oops, sorry. When we click here on dashboard, we can view here agents, workloads and all the clusters. So let's go to one of the clusters. We're going to use the TSI cube 01, which is in IBM cloud. Right here, details. And here we go. We have three nodes with three different agents. They are all attested, you can see here. Let's look at the entries. So there is one entry here. This is the workload registrar that automates the entries for all the workloads that would be created here. Okay, so before I show the demo on how we create the workloads and get the access, let me just show you quickly what we've done on Amazon site. So here is our Mars bucket. It's called Mars spire. And there is a special file called Mars TXT, which is the sensitive file that we want to protect. So this is what we want to govern. Okay, so next we go to identity management for Amazon. And right here, I'm going to just copy this guy here. Okay, thank you. Okay, so we're going to create identity provider. So let me just click on provider. Open ID, collect type. I'm going to use the URL of the spire server. Good thumbprint, okay, here we go. It works. We define the audience. Let's say my S3, I guess that's it. Add the provider, okay, done. So we just created ourselves identity provider. So let me look all of them, you see all of them. Okay, this is the guy, SpaceX O3. Okay, so we've done this already earlier. So let me show you how we define policies. So there's one X05 that we would be using further. So let's click on the roles. Okay, there's a role called Mars mission. Okay, what the roles do? They basically tie the policies with the identity provider. So let me show you how the policy looks like. Come on, all right. So there's a policy that defines read access to the Mars spire bucket, the one I showed you earlier. And let's look at the trust relationship for this identity provider. Here are the conditions. So the conditions that we defined for this experiment are following. It has to be OpenShift, SpaceX organization. The region must be US. So it has to begin with the US prefix and the cluster name, Mars, I'm sorry, mission, namespace, Elon Musk, service account and Mars mission, the pod name, okay? So we've done here. Now let's go to the cluster. So this is the blue cluster. This is the IBM cluster. So from here, let me show you there's nothing running yet. All right, so let's create Mars demo. Okay, so what we just did, we created a service account, Elon Musk, and then deployed a Mars mission on this account. All right, it's running right here. Okay, let's now get inside. And we have just a quick script because I don't want to talk and type at the same time. So let me just show this demo script. So the first operation, we're going to retrieve the JWT token, which is basically the identity of this container. So let's do that. And here is the identity in a text format. Let's take a look at edit. So we have an OpenShift space X, that's the domain, that's the organization. Region is running in US South, cluster name, TSI Cube 01, namespace, mission, Elon Musk as the service account and the pod name. Okay, so in theory, that should comply with the policy that we created earlier. And this chunk over here, that's the JWT token. So let's retrieve this guy into a file. All right, it's done. Now we can invoke the call to AWS to copy the file from this backend. So let's do this. As you can see, we are using the role Mars mission. We passed the JWT token that was captured a minute ago and we just simply asking for a file and copy it locally. So let's see if it was delivered, it's done. Let's just look what's inside. And here you go. You have a recipe for the concentrated dark matter from the Rick and Morty series. Okay, so before I go, I would like to show you quickly that we could now go back to our super cool Tornyak. Okay, here we go. Where was it? The clusters, TSI QoPo1. Okay, and here you go. This is new identity that was created. You can see, you can easily see it from Tornyak and so are the other ones. Okay, back to the presentation. Okay, so in our demo, you could see how easy it is to get identities in one place from all the multiple clusters, multiple different clouds, and one policy allows access enforcement for several dynamically created workloads. In fact, in our multicluster organization, if you invoke the same calls in any of the clusters, you should get exactly the same results in the theater, assuming that policy complies with the identity of the workload. Okay, so we also have a demo that shows the same concept, but this time using Vault and for retrieving secrets from Vault. So in interest of time, I suggest going to the recording that will be listed at the end of the presentation. So just to summarize, the universal zero trust workload identity runs on everything that supports Kubernetes. It strengthens the security by executing cloud provider specific attestation, as well as the platform attestation, and it can support different identity mechanisms like IAM, key clock, open standards like open ID using consistent universal identity schema. So Brandon, back to you. I'm just a little bit before we end. So the project that you saw the UI is Tonyac. This is something that Mariush and I started working on pretty recently. We are both maintaining it, but we are also looking for more maintainers. They are not IBM as well, have the governance. It's fairly, it's still in development. So there's a lot to do that it's going really fast. There's a lot of cool things too that we're gonna work on, such as integrating with the policies as well as aggregating logs. We're open to a lot of feedback. Tell us what you think, as well as if you like what you saw in the demo that Mariush gave, we have help charts to kind of like help you redeploy the whole thing, as well as we have a bunch of YouTube videos that kind of show a little bit more than what we have time to share today. So if not, yeah, let's start shepherding our cloud native cattle. And I think there is one talk that's after this around talking a little bit more about how to define those 50 IDs. If not, thank you very much.


This is TFNN the Tiger financial news network Good morning everyone Basel chapter here on the 6th day of June Tuesday, and we're looking at this 10 o'clock Tiger Financial News Network Market Update does down 54. I think Apple's pulling back a little bit 33,506 This is going to be quite important 38005 was the height three days ago and that made a peak B because it was a fractionally lower High yesterday, but look at this the S&P squeaked to a new high Yesterday pulled back just a little bit at the close holding quite nicely off to that spectacular Friday and Thursday and Friday move of last week now We're looking at it down just four and a half points at forty two sixty nine Key support will be forty just on the intraday basis forty two forty eight I'd say 20 points down if that if that occurs later in the day Then I think we can go into Wednesday a little bit reap it so far pretty good action looking at the QQQ and the X100 Also training down a little bit after a really fabulous couple of sessions looking at it down one at 353.60 and we're also looking at the weekly chart Start to make smaller candles. I'll be watching this very closely. It's been very very strong up until now The SMH is of course have been the leaders and SMH is about unchanged today But what we've got here, we've got the IWM coming on strong up $1.46 at 181.02 That's going to be very important because of this rotation I'll talk about that in my show coming up the Tiger technicians hour if you're looking at gold talk about rotation Gold is pulled back a little bit. It's unchanged in 1973 It's holding quite steady when you consider that the dollars had a pretty pretty nice move to the upside although today It's up 22 ticks a one or four point twenty four It's trying to make that 200-period moving average a springboard to the upside We're looking at crude oil as well crude oil is here down once more it down the dollar at 71. Oh, this is just struggling I've told you that dollar looks to me like it's just in a trading a narrow trading band And I'm missing the US bonds US bonds right now down sharply done over a half a point Those yields are moving up, but they still moving up within a range I'll be back for the Tiger technicians hour check out You in a few minutes and I like the fact that the finances act


Thanks Richard, good morning everyone. I'd also like to start by thanking Chris, David, Kyan and Neil, who are the A-Bears analysts and researchers whose work underpins the outlook for grains and oil seeds that I'm presenting here today. And it's an outlook that's quite similar to last year. As is often the case in Australia, there's been continued variability in seasonal conditions across the country. Prices are continuing to come down from the records of a few years ago. But despite this, we see Australian grain growers remaining highly adaptive and responsive, managing challenges as they emerge, taking advantage of opportunities as they occur and we see the industry increasing its profitability and productivity. I want to start today with a quick look at Australian production this year and how we see that translating into farm incomes. I'll then turn to our forecast for 2016, 17 and beyond and then finish with some new A-Bears research into productivity on broad acre cropping farms. Starting with the update of the current summer crop season and it's a pretty mixed story, positive in the north but not as good in the south. Grain sorghum is forecast to rise to 2.2 million tonnes off the back of increased plantings in New South Wales and good rain in January across many summer cropping regions, resulting in higher average yields. Cotton production is up around about 5%. The area planted is actually estimated to have increased by more than 30% but there is more dryland cotton in the mix this year. Reduced availability of irrigation water is constraining rice production in the south and we're forecasting that to be down about 60% on last year. Put together the increase in grain sorghum and cotton production isn't sufficient to offset the decline in rice production and we're forecasting total summer crop production to fall to 3.9 million tonnes in 2015-16. Moving to last year's winter crop, despite the El Niño, it's up about 4% on the previous year although that does mask considerable differences between the states. We estimate winter crop production increased to 39.5 million tonnes in 2015-16. We're forecasting increased production in New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Western Australia and we saw poor seasonal conditions for a second year in Victoria. Quality is somewhat compromised nationally but wheat production increased to 24.5 million tonnes, barley production increased to 8.5 million tonnes in response to high prices and we saw farmers responding to those higher barley prices and less than favourable planting conditions for canola and we saw them reduce the area planted to canola in 2015-16. We estimate a 15% reduction in canola production but the quality of that crop was generally good. Chickpeas are a small crop relative to wheat, barley and canola in Australia but I can't go past it as a great example of grain producers ability to take advantage of opportunities when they occur. There was a significant increase in chickpea production in 2015-16 as farmers responded to a strong price incentive. The failure of monsoon rains in India reduced Indian production and increased their demand for imports. India is the largest producer of chickpeas in the world and also accounts for almost a quarter of all world chickpea imports and so they influence the world price. Together with the increase in the world price and the depreciation of the Australian dollar, the Australian export price for chickpeas increased by about 70% between late 2013 and September 2015. The area planted to chickpeas doubled, good seasonal conditions led to above average yields and we saw record production of 1 million tonnes. So how does all this translate to income on grain farms? We estimate that farm cash income on cropping farms increased in 2015-16 to average 381,000 dollars a farm. This reflects increased production in the major grain producing states other than Victoria, reasonable to good yields in much of the country, high prices for pulses and oil seeds and depreciation of the Australian dollar. If realised, this will be the highest average income on cropping farms in the last 20 years and it's a significant achievement when you consider there was an El Nino and that world prices have continued to decline. I want to move now to our forecast for 2016-17 and out to 2021. Starting with the climate outlook. The Bureau of Meteorology is forecasting average to above average rainfall across all cropping areas over the next three months and the climate models are suggesting a return to neutral conditions in the lead up to the winter crop planting window following a strong El Nino that is starting to break down now. Moving to the world outlook, we're forecasting continued growth in demand for grains and oil seeds, both for human consumption with a growing world population and for livestock feed as higher incomes changes the composition of global food demand. This isn't new and we see this factored into global production levels, with producers around the world increasing supply to meet this demand. This includes in the Black Sea region where we're expecting productivity improvements will increase yields and lead to greater production over time. And in Argentina where there have been changes to policies recently that are expected to encourage greater exports. Looking at that growth in world production in a bit more detail, we're forecasting a slight fall in global oil seed production in 2016-17 but it is still the third largest on record. We're forecasting strong growth in oil seeds over the medium term up to 577 million tonnes by 2021. That's driven by the demand for vegetable oil for human consumption and we're expecting much of that growth in production to occur in South America. We're forecasting a 1% increase in world coarse grain production in 2016-17 and growth of about half a percent a year out to 2021. This reflects the relatively more favourable prices for oil seeds compared with coarse grains which has been driven largely by the strong demand for vegetable oil for human consumption. But the dual product nature of oil seeds is also playing a role. Meal production is increasing as oil seeds are produced for oil and it serves as a partial substitute for coarse grains for livestock feed and it's expected to place at least some downward pressure on global coarse grain prices. We're forecasting a 3% decline in world wheat production in 2016-17 and this is a result of our assumption that yields will return closer to the long run average in the European Union and the Black Sea region and the relatively more favourable prices for oil seeds. We're projecting modest growth in wheat production globally out to 2021 driven by continued productivity gains. Moving on to world prices, you can see that prices have continued to fall from the records of a few years ago. With growth in supply expected to meet forecast demand, we're forecasting grain and oil seed prices to fall slightly in real terms out to 2021. And it's really hard to see much upside uncertainty to this forecast particularly when you consider global stocks. What isn't shown here in the slide is the significant accumulation of grain and oil seed stocks over the last couple of years. There is some uncertainty around the numbers but we understand stocks around the world have increased by about 20% since 2013-14. So even if there are or were to be adverse conditions in one or more of the major producing countries, those stocks are going to serve at least as some kind of a buffer to increased prices in the medium term. Bringing it back to Australia and what this means for domestic producers, the outlook is pretty favourable with a lower Australian dollar and our assumption that it will stay below 75 US cents over the medium term. We're forecasting a recovery in canola production in 2016-17 up 11%. This reflects our expectation of at least average rainfall in the lead up to the planting window, good prices with strong demand from the European Union and a reduction in palm oil production in Indonesia which has been affected by the El Nino. We're also forecasting further growth out to 2021 with canola prices expected to remain favourable relative to the price of barley. Wheat production is forecast to rise 1% in 2016-17. We're expecting a similar total area planted to wheat as last year but we're expecting it to come from different places around the country. We're forecasting a reduction in Queensland and New South Wales as we expect some of those growers will plant more chickpeas and we're expecting an increase in wheat production out of Victoria on the assumption of the return to improve seasonal conditions. Over the medium term we're forecasting growth in Australian wheat production will be driven by continued productivity growth out to 2021 which I'll talk about in a little bit more detail in a minute. With canola prices expected to be more favourable relative to coarse grains we're forecasting coarse grain production in 2016-17 to be pretty similar to this year. We're projecting modest growth out to 2021 influenced in part by a projected decline in Chinese demand for imports as government policies create incentives to use domestic production. And we understand chickpea plantings in India as at the end of January are still down but we're expecting a number of producing countries to take advantage of this. We are forecasting export prices to come down in 2016-17 off the highs that we've seen but we do expect to see a further increase in chickpea plantings next year and for exports to stay high until Indian production levels recover. In the time remaining this morning I want to share some really interesting productivity work that A-Bears has been doing recently. For a while now A-Bears has been updating and publishing farm productivity estimates every year based on our farm surveys data. You might be familiar with the observed slowdown that we've seen in productivity growth in the broad acre cropping industry in Australia. With the latest year of data included we estimate productivity growth on broad acre cropping farms has averaged just 0.3 percent a year between 1996 and 2014. This compares with productivity growth of around two and a half percent a year between 1978 and 1996. The dips in the green line there show years of drought and poor seasonal conditions. Our measures of productivity growth are influenced by those seasonal conditions and it explains some of the poor growth since the mid 1990s but until now we haven't known by how much our measures of productivity growth have been affected by climate. For the first time we've had to go at quantifying the influence that climate has had on our measures of broad acre productivity growth. We've matched Bureau of Meteorology information on rainfall in the growing season, soil moisture and temperatures with A-Bears farm level data and we've been able to isolate the impact of climate by comparing how farmers actually performed with how they could have performed if the climate was more consistently average without the highs and lows. The work is still in its early stages and we're continuing to refine the methodology but the initial findings suggest that poor seasonal conditions over the last decade or two have masked the level of productivity growth on broad acre cropping farms. When we quantify the influence of climate on our measures of productivity we see annual rates of productivity growth around one percent a year since the mid 1990s and that compares with our previous estimate of less than half a percent a year. This suggests that Australian grain producers have been continuing to innovate over the last two decades. It's just that those innovations have been absorbed in offsetting poor climatic conditions that farmers aren't getting as far ahead in terms of profitability as we'd expect for the amount of effort that they've been putting in but that if they hadn't been making those innovations then in the face of climate change grain farmers would be doing much worse than they are. Our findings are consistent with some work that's being done out of the CSIRO that's looking at declining trends in wheat yields over the last two decades but also that seeing some evidence of productivity growth as the gap between actual yields and potential yields has narrowed over time. And we're also seeing similar things to researchers at the Australian Export Grains Innovation Centre AEGIC and last week one of Ross's colleagues released some work into changes to the Australian climate. Since 2000 there's been an increase in summer rainfall and a decrease in winter rainfall and when mapped AEGIC found that the Mediterranean climate zone with winter and winter dominant rainfall has contracted in a southwesterly direction. The summer and summer dominant rainfall zones in the northern and eastern parts of Australia have expanded southwards and the uniform rainfall zone where summer and winter rainfall are roughly similar has moved from southern and central New South Wales down to central Victoria and the Malley region of southeast South Australia. We're still analyzing the regional variation in our own measures of farm level climate adjusted productivity but our initial findings are consistent with this AEGIC work and we're seeing greater deterioration in productivity along the inland fringes of the cropping zone. So what does this mean? If climatic conditions stay this way or deteriorate further then more productivity gains will be needed for farmers to offset this and remain internationally competitive. This in turn is likely to require greater investment in research and development to adapt to climate change, improvements in seasonal forecasting to assist farm decision making, greater use of risk management tools such as farm management deposits and insurance products to reduce financial risk. And reducing financial risk will be critical to securing greater investment in new technology. In summing up, I just get one minute, the prospect for the Australian grains and oil seeds industry are quite good. We see farmers being flexible, successfully switching between crops based on relative profitability, taking advantage of short term opportunities as they occur and translating that into good farm incomes and continued productivity growth. And these are going to be really important to combat the global market outlook and the impact of a changing and variable climate here in Australia. Thank you.


I'm O'Brien. Oh, welcome folks. This is Tom O'Brien of TFNN. We got five days a week. We go seven hours a day. We go 24 hours a day on the internet at tfnn.com. Always remember folks, whatever you think about, you bring about whatever you focus on grows. Hope everyone's having a great day, safe day. Let's make a great night, folks. Love is unconditional. And love, there are no conditions. You love for no reason with no justifications.  Market-wise! Let's take a look at it out here. We have the Dow Industries down 262. NASDAQ off 184. S&P's down 43. Gold. Gold contract down $2.90 straight in 1945. And notes. You got silver down 17 cents. $24.54 a notes. Light sweet crude. Flat. $79.09 a barrel. Notes and bonds. A 10-year note. Down 10 ticks. Trade in $109.19. The 30-year down 13 ticks at $1.1926 in Kingdala. Kingdala's up 570 ticks. Trade in at $103.988. Euro is out here at $108. Yen is trading at $145. And the British pound is at $126.01 at U.S. dollar. Off-phone number's<PHONE_NUMBER>. Give us a call, folks. Wanna know what's going on in y'all world and the world of the S&Ps. Let's take a look at it. What do you have? Well, if we take a look at this, talk about nice volatile markets. We have those, that's for sure. And we're gonna have Powell speaking and Jackson Hole tomorrow, quarter past 10 in the morning, eastern standard time. So if we take a look at the spy here, you get 58 million shares traded. We went from 445 to 438. And this is coming into too high volume. Bar is down and it's not enough volume. So my take is that this thing's still gonna bounce. You're coming into 98 million and 95 million. Haven't held price. Now the top of the 98 million is 437.52. We've hit 438.52. Let's go take a look at the futures. So we take a look at the futures. It's been a one-way market downtown all day long. We pulled this out. And what you're gonna see, you still have that vibe. So there is a high volume low at the 4401. That's gonna get tested again. We'll see if it gets tested in the next few minutes.  That's in the spy. We go to the cues. The cues are a little bit different now because what you do have with the cues is that you're coming into 60 million and we're gonna do 60 million.  We'll see how this shakes out. We're coming into 62 million as well as 61 million. And we're gonna do that today. Now the 61 million, the high of 61 million is that 459, we're into the bar already of the 464. So we're at free 62.96. It depends where this thing basically closes today. If we go to the end cues, we take a look at the end cues. End cues out here. Okay, so now the end cues, okay, this is cool. The end cues, let me get this mic. Okay, so we're starting the next 10 minute bar right here. So the end cues are testing the low right now.  We're one minute into the bar. You know, the bar, so this is the number you're gonna be looking for. 14,009, oh you're already above it, it's 14,937. It's gotta stay above it in the 10 minute bar. That's how that works. Stays above the 10 minute bar, you're gonna get some kind of a bounce into the close. Okay, notes and bonds. Yesterday we had a huge sign of strength in the note and bond market. It broke its down trend. They both broke their down trend, what you have out here today, bottom line, pulled us up, you're gonna see, you get a pullback, you're pulling back with lighter volume. No, no you're not, same volume actually, 2.6 million. Did 2.6 million yesterday, did 2.6 million today. You know, you still broke the down trend. And what was the high yesterday? 109, 20, no 109, 30, 31, oh my God, the same high. 109, 31, you can see it's the decisive break. That's the real bottom line. And we go into the 10 year, I mean the 30 year, we pull the 30 year up. Now the 30 year got to a higher high. Well, that's actually good. We got to a high high, gave it up in price, but we had higher volume. So that's still saying higher prices are coming at us. Then we go over to the good US dollar. Now the dollar, this is a trip on the dollar, man, that I have seen this before too. I like this setup. And what I mean specifically is this.  Today this is a beautiful looking lost in golf.  So the confirmation that this is a lost in golf and because you know, candlestick patents, certain candlestick patents have a two day patent and that's what a lost in golfing is. And what a lost in golfing is is that you've been in an uptrend as you are in the uptrend at the very top of the uptrend. You have to be an uptrend not for this to happen or downtrend, it doesn't matter. But in this case, we're in an uptrend, it was straight up. Then you have it. And if you close below this tomorrow, then it's saying, okay, that run is over. In this particular case, we have two separate issues meaning yesterday the inverted hammer today, the lost in golfing, that basically is setting up the more than likely that we have that happening. We go to the silver market. Silver has been stronger than gold and silver's pulling back slightly. I mean slightly too. You're talking about 18 cents, this one's higher price. The divergence that we also have out here today, and this is where you can probability wise set up that gold and silver on higher price is that they are not getting whacked when you have the dollar up over 500 ticks. You get a dollar up over 500 ticks, folks.  And that's not the case. Dow, Dow industrial's right now down 251.  Stay right there folks. Good job, man. Mr. Tim Ward coming up.


Thank you very much Mr. Speaker and just to briefly provide support for this motion to guarantee 80 million dollars from the First National Bank to the National to the National Lottery Authority to assist in financing youth and sport infrastructure program. I just need to while I support just bring to this house Mr. Speaker the importance of what is before us and I will do so Mr. Speaker by trying to explain how this is arranged in terms of what obtains in government and how this administration is thinking. Mr. Speaker I just wish to first establish that even before my time that this administration is responsible for the establishment of NIPRO the National Lottery Authority. NIPRO is one entity through NIC that was responsible for development. The National Lottery Authority agencies like Bell Fund, the Sandrusha Social Development Fund, the National Conservation Authority as special vehicles established towards the establishment of social interventions that ordinarily central government would not would find it difficult to participate in. And it's just not registering in the minds of the House and Lutions that these arrangements by this government the structures speaks to a broad risk a broad understanding of procurement responsibilities the arrangement of social goods and services and what best is able to advance and to promote them. So here in this important piece of legislation here the National Lottery Authority is being featured. Mr. Speaker of course so often we speak about the GDP of our country and of course it is the market value of all goods and services. In Sandrusha Small Island Development States there are not many assets but there are some significant ones that we can speak to. Our youth assets are significant and it's important that we maintain them because they contribute to our own to the value to the wealth of this country. We cannot allow them to depreciate. And Mr. Speaker there are some of them that are considered to be national in perspective because they're not constituency base. It doesn't belong to Grosily for example it's not the constituency of Grosily nor the George Ordlem Stadium is an asset to view for. These are national assets they contribute to the well-being of our entire society. And therefore Mr. Speaker when we consider establishing assets within communities the issue of maintenance is also very important. Very important because at this time we do have a vehicle in place to contribute to the maintenance of Darren Cricket. Darren Sammy Cricket Grounds. But Mr. Speaker I need to bring to your mind and if you're not aware that assuming the responsibility as parliament parliamentary representative for castries southeast I encounter the largest community center ever built in Sandrusha. Come in take your time. Largest. There is one in Otsa at about five million dollars and I know that I'm currently establishing a community center and I'll you will ask it at this time but just on the one million eight hundred thousand dollars but the one that was built the one I inherited in Otsa is what is about five million dollars and I thought this was the largest one built in castry south-east but Mr. Speaker do you know there's one in Bekso costing ten million dollars with 21 toilets six urinals and six washrooms electricity bill will cost the community five thousand dollars a month now 21 yes yes you could go there and count it it's not a hospital in fact there's more toilets in this community center than there's toilets in the waterfront building the Graham-Louise building in fact yes now I made this point I made this point in the context of wastage of resources as explained early on by the leader of opposition and the strategic use of resources a government who plans and take things into consideration this community center is not for a region it is not a national community center it is a center for the community of Bekso only Bekso mr. Speaker you must visit it for yourself to see the magnitude of a community center the largest community center ever built in St. Lucia and again I need to say to St. Lucia's the total number of toilets in that community center at a cost of 10 million in the Bekso River it has 21 toilets in it six urinals and six washrooms of course and there was I saw correspondence from DC a given 22 reasons why it was not approved but it was subsequently approved because it's a World Bank project mr. Speaker in the context of this debate I do not I don't understand what you're saying but mr. Speaker we need to be careful and we need to have an appreciation for what this government is doing and understand the strategic development of this country when this government conceptualize this this major assets and the importance of these assets to the development and the well-being of our population and of course today we can find the where we fall to arrange for its maintenance but not also to guarantee to maintain it but also to ensure that the vehicle put in place to facilitate maintenance on its upkeep can also pay for it that's what's important to me and I asked myself the question how will the Bekso community maintain a community center with 21 toilets how will it maintain it in fact its location requires two security guards because it's isolated how who will pay for its maintenance who will maintain for its upkeep and sometimes I feel troubled and when I speak about it my prime minister has to tell me you know minister calm down calm down calm down you know he has to calm me down because I am concerned because you want to organize your constituency you want to ensure that things are making sense the warning in also they have already broken up and they have taken a toilet and the pump new facilities so we spend five million to bill one in also ten million dollars to bill another in Bekso community centers and mr. Speaker you know it's it's in upon reflection if the dear Prime Minister give me ten million dollars now forecastry's office you know I would ensure that I have a community center in more than ten communities in more than ten adequate enough mr. Speaker it is located next to a school and upon accepting responsibility I did ask the ministry responsible to ensure that the cement blast that took place on the school nearby in also under the conditions of contract that they are responsible for meant for painting the school over and they did but they've left the one in Bekso in a state and there's almost parking for 200 vehicles 200 vehicles and I asked why would this price the former prime minister allow such to happen but then this today I am speaking of you know accountability and all of the rules of good governance that will protect such abuse of resources somebody was having a fieldy somebody was having a good time and the thing about it in speaking with the community they said they never asked for it nobody asked for it no one asked for it it was the World Bank it was known it was known you understand so I'm asking this question and I'm saying this in the context of of what is important no no so then I must conclude mr. Speaker that this government and I'm saying this briefly this government is on the right is on the right path in terms of how our prime minister our prime minister is leading how our prime minister is managing the affairs of the business of this country and I also need to point out to the leader of the opposition sometimes I sense as if he's suggesting that he's the authority on tourism whereas I know that our the current prime minister and the member for cast resist under his term as minister of terrorism did far much more mr. Speaker I asked the question why and there is a there is a pattern that one must pay attention to it's not so much the things we do when we empower as we had that important you know the things that we do not do is also important we have no conflict of interest so the former our current ministers of tourism and the former prime minister do not own a hotel so there's no conflict of interest none so when it comes for pushing the hotel business forward they push it will ever comes forward and is capable and is able and and is qualified we do this you understand mr. Speaker also in the context in the context of arranging how these things are done we have no interest and I recall the statement made by the minister the minister of the the member for for me could make itself when he has the question in this house he asked how many of us ever owned the business he asked that question have we ever been business owners I think it was the last sitting of parliament almost to suggest our qualification being here rest on we being business owners and I recall some years ago a member of his side stood up and said we've been said I know how to take money and make money make money suggesting that the members on the other side are not business individuals but what I've discovered in small island developing states the people who are likely to impact your country more positively are persons who are prepared to create business successful business of our citizens and not those who boast of being business persons themselves and that is why in a short space of time we have been able to achieve so much our passion is to ensure that our people are place first at every juncture our hoteliers get an opportunity and sorry if you have interpreted that the our posture towards tourism has been we do not believe in it which is far from the truth we are not interested in becoming hoteliers but being a hotelier does not make you a qualified minister of tourism and therefore we believe in our people who are the aspiration to become business individuals we believe in the local persons who want to be in the tourist business but mr. Speaker I challenge the former prime minister with the form that he has put on today that if he can allow under his watch such a wastage of resources that we must now try to arrange to find all sorts of all ways to try to make it make sense I visited the place with the the sporting people in the community and we now need to address to what section they can be responsible for how they can coexist I must now ask the council to move in to our presence there because I know as soon as this building is a is handed over it will be vandalized because of its location I do not think that we have space for 200 vehicle parking bush with all of the work done to create the parking because it's not paved bush will take over that place waste of resources and I do not believe a community center needs central air conditioning system that gonna cost five thousand dollars one that is not that's not good business for a community center so mr. Speaker if it was the indoor facility of grozily if you see the design of the indoor facility in grozily of course it can be used as an indoor facility the city in a rage arrangement to see the places there but this one has a massive play area but with no city no accommodation you cannot even have an activity or stage that you could even exploit it to do something it's almost a free place to just go and recreate and the cost of recreation becomes extremely high and you ask a question who will pay for it mr. Speaker there's a court a covered court inside of the facility but there's a court outside of the facility as well that could have been fixed so we have indoor outdoor and the one out there is not even being used much back so so I'm saying to the minister the minister the former minister of finance that he should consider that and when he's speaking of what is happening on this side I think he should reflect on some of the errors that he's made some of what has happened under his watch and not say that I'm happy but repent of what he has done and acknowledge that we stand in better because we've seen what's done and we trying to correct it you need to repent of this because this is not good you understand you'll follow my lead okay well you'll be on the safe side my brother you understand but you need to repent of this because this is not good I do not think this is sustainable and I think the if you follow what has happened what the Labour Party has put in place think of the vehicles for development NIPRO the National Lottery Authority the James Bell Grave Fund the St. Louis Social Development Fund the National Conservation Authority the government of the Labour Party has seen it fit to put structures and a range in place to facilitate social development where central government is unable to reach and therefore these mechanisms has made it possible for the National Lottery Authority today to be the recipient of a guarantee to advance and to facilitate youth development by contributing to the well-keeping of our youth infrastructure and other youth interventions thank you Mr. Speaker