Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com, coming at you with 2019, 2020, Panini, Mosaic, Basketball, Two Box Rant Team Break number 19. These are the multi-pack boxes. Those sell-o-pack boxes, 12 in each, so 24 packs total. Big thanks to all of these folks for getting into the action. There are the teams right there. Let's roll it, let's randomize it. Four and a one, five times for each list. Two, three, four, and a one, fifth and final time. After five, we've got Drew down to Joe. Four and a one, five times for the teams. No one, fifth and final time. After five, we've got the New York Knicks down to the Pelicans, nice. All right, Drew with the Knicks, Tim with the Sixers, Anthony with the Pistons, Charlie with the Warriors, Matthew with the Jazz and the Hornets, Severeo with the Kings, Matthew with the Wizards, Charlie with the Raptors, Leonard with the Bulls, Matthew with the Hawks, Dan with my Lakers, Ben with the T-Wolves, Severeo with the Clippers, Josh with the Sons, Ryan with the Grizzlies, Phil with the Rock, it's Tony with the Magic. Ryan with the Thunder, Severeo with the Nets, Jose, Jossu, Velo, I'm gonna go with that. J with JV with Portland Trailblazers, Andrew with the Heat, Tang with the Cavs, Gavin with the Mavs, Ryan with the Pacers, Roman with the Spurs, Tim with the Nuggets, Keith with the Bucks, Matthew with the Celtics, and Joseph with the Pelicans. Are we good? I don't know, maybe if this person comes in, we'll do that. And this is Le Chat or Le Chat with the Pelicans, Ames. Sometimes I have trouble with them. Apologies, folks. Now I'm gonna pause the video. Here are the two boxes right here, grab them from the back. Pause the video, allow it for a little bit of trading time, and when we come back, we'll see if there's any trades, and then we'll have the break. Stick around, BRB. All right, welcome back, folks. There was a lot, a lot of trade chatter, but in the end, no deals were done. There it is, 12 packs per box. It's gonna be taking time opening these packs. It'll yield some pretty nice stuff. Boston Graphs, no, I don't remember your real name. I don't think I even knew it. I wish everyone would use their actual names as their handles, but my brain can't always connect. User names plus their real names, and that's too much to ask of me. So don't be offended, Boston Graphs. All right, so these packs are the exclusive pink camo, so we're gonna, we'll open those after we do the regular packs here. We're gonna open packs to open packs. We've got Game Pass Film Session on NFL Network. All right, we've got an NBA schedule out too, don't we? We've got Senior NBA Insider for Yahoo Sports. Chris Haynes with the whole schedule here. It's like they're starting July 30th, and it's gonna be Utah at New Orleans, and the Clippers Lakers to TNT game. That's gonna start the restart off with a bang. Is everyone's playing like eight games, I think? It's like they're cramming those in between the 30th of July to August 14th, so a couple weeks of hoops, and then diving right into the playoffs, which I don't think the playoffs are going to be any different. I think that format's gonna be the same, although I think they are gonna do some slightly different things where maybe they'll, like if a series ends, if like two serieses end early, they won't wait for the other series to end, they'll just start and just keep going. They're slightly different from before, where I think all the rounds, I think they wait for all the rounds to end, and then they, we'll see. Box number one, good luck. For Vet Commons, Yannis Lebron and Luca Donchich.  Yeah, that was Vin Diesel driving by. Pacific Coast Highway is right out there. There's a nice long straightaway out there. It gets a little easy to speed. Will to win Lebron James, some of those Lebron James inserts could go for a decent amount. Nice green, Cam Reddish. Hawks, Matthew Shearer. Is Atlanta in the mix? Or are they too, were they too far out? Actually don't know what teams are actually, I forgot the teams are actually in here. No, I don't think Atlanta's in. They're out, yeah, Ricky's saying they're out. All right, so I guess no more chances for Cam Reddish's hobby stock to go up. Silver Isaiah Roby, you gotta save those silver rookies. You never know. Is Dallas in? Dallas is in, right? They're on the schedule somewhere. Oh, they're there. Their first game is Houston at Dallas. That's an ESPN, Friday night ESPN game. So I don't know. What if Isaiah Roby just goes off? Well, how much is that card now? Unless he's injured or something. Couple Isaiah Roby triple doubles. And then Gavin Smithers who got the maves in this one will be like, I'm glad I got that silver Isaiah Roby. Ooh, nice silver Lugodanchich. I was gonna say, these base Lugodanchiches, you know, I think carry, even his second year carry a decent amount of value, but it's these silver ones that I think someone looked like, you know what, I'm gonna look this up because now I'm curious. Most value, you know, like the stock market, they can go up, they can go down, but 2019, 2020, Mosaic Luca Silver is my search. Show me Luca Silver's, the last Luca Silver, not graded, sold on the 27, that's today, sold at 337 my time, local time. Couple hours ago, $74.99, I think it was a buy it now. That's the most recent one. And I don't, at a glance, I don't see any that are graded at the moment. So yeah, I think anywhere from 50 to, I mean, some is lowest 55, let's be honest here. So 55 to 75 around there if you're lucky, maybe on the higher end of things, but I'll bet if this grades out nicely, it'll probably go for, I don't know, PS810. What would that go for? I don't know, probably a decent amount. Now let's see, pink camo is exclusive to these cello pack sets. Once you've all gotten here, it could be some surprises in here as well. Luca Donchich, the stained glass, which we don't find stained glasses in this, but in the hobby boxes, I think you could find stained glass. Luca Donchich, stained glass out of this year's Mosaic, $422, not graded, just raw. $422, 37 bids, just ended a couple hours ago. People love those stained glasses. You need to get more of that hobby. All right, pink camos. Nice NBA debut, Hachimura. Pink camo for Matthew G. NBA debut, pink camo, Kobe White. Are the bulls in. Man, I gotta memorize what teams are in or out. Ricky Holbert, I feel like he would know. I thought they were in Chicago, not in. So that was the last we saw of Kobe. His stuff is still selling decently anyway. He was on a bit of a tear before the season was hit the pause button. Wasn't he averaging like 30 a night for three or four nights? Nick says no, yeah, Nick says no. Bulls didn't make him. I think before the season ended, he was averaging, he had a few games, maybe three out of the last four games were like he was hitting 30 a night or something. So he was starting to heat up. Ricky says, look up Kobe White versus Darius Garland stats. I don't get why Kobe White is five to six times more expensive. Yeah, I don't know, maybe probably bulls versus Chicago Market versus Cleveland Market. I think maybe that's why. But don't sleep on Darius Garland. I think a lot of times we pull Darius Garland for calves. People get randomized to calves. They're kind of like, eh, but that's a good hold or a keep or a stash on your bench. Oh, and right, Ryan H is mentioning Kobe White also, oh, did he go to UNC? Maybe, where did Garland go? Vanderbilt for Garland, okay. So yeah, maybe the big basketball powerhouse angle is also why Kobe White sells for more than Darius Garland, even though Darius Garland might have the better statistics. But hey, this is a lot like the stock market. You know what I mean? If Ricky, if you believe, yeah, Ricky's like, hey, I've been buying Darius Garland's. Right, I just learned about Anchor Down for Vanderbilt yesterday too. So yeah, but if you believe that Darius Garland's a good buy low, yeah, buy him up, snap him up, get some great, take the time to get him graded, you know, and just kind of sit on him, you know.  Oh, Garland is upper decked, because who's Ferraro's, that I did not know. He is, says Ricky. All right, that makes the parallels even hotter in Panini stuff, I would imagine. Do we like Kevin Porter Jr.? He's another calves guy that seems to pop in our breaks, yeah? Porter Jr.'s good.  He's still on the team, right? Larry Nance Jr. really liked him with the Lakers. He's got some great energy. So he can be, Larry Nance Jr. He can be excellent as a starter, off the bench to bring up some energy, something like that, with like a monster dunk. Oh, and Nance started shooting threes this year. What? If you would have stayed on the Lakers like that. You know, I don't know, Dylan Windler. So there's like a, there's a bit of a core there. Now, not all these guys are gonna work out, you know, but if a couple do, a few do, a couple more drafts, a couple good trades, you know, maybe another free agent type thing, a little bit of marinating for some of the younger guys, and then boom, that's an interesting team. East is weak. And then basically just construct a team that could battle Boston, Philadelphia and Milwaukee. And you're set, Miami. NBA debut, Silver, Ty Jerome. Grant Williams, Green. There's Darius Garland right there. That will ship to the Cavs. That'll be for Tang, with that one. And as Zion, Williamson base rookie card for the Pelicans. So Joseph Lachat on the board. What are those Zions gonna, right, can't sleep on the Raptors. They actually, everyone left them for dead this season and they were playing some pretty good ball. Base Zions out of Mosaic. Let's take a quick look at how much they're going for. An ungraded Silver went for 5.25. Base Zion, 60 bucks, I think, yeah, $58. A Silver PSA 10 went for $1,600. All right, well, don't fail us, Zion. We need you. And if you're a Zion owner, don't worry if he has a few soft games and his value goes down. If you believe in him in the future, don't panic sell. That'd be, I don't want people to regret that. If you truly believe in Zion. If you don't, and just sell Zion whenever you want to. But Utah Pelicans is your very first game of the restart of everything, if everything's, everyone's healthy and everyone's okay. That's the first game of the restart, so Zion on night one. Rick, he's like, I'm curious, how does, curious how he does play out. Does he stay at that weight, dominate, but higher injury risk?  I don't think he's got to lose too much. Maybe if he just kind of shaves it down just a little bit just to keep pressure off the joints. I still think he could still be explosive. It's possible, look at Yanis, look at Yanis' body back in 2013, 2014. And look how much of a bean pole he was. So if Yanis can change his body, so can Zion. What's on his, what's on Zion's side? He's super young.  But I think if you're the Pelicans, you want him to shed a little bit of that weight just to keep a little pressure off the knee without taking away from his explosiveness. And then you just got to let him play his game. Maybe you work on, I don't know if, maybe you try to work on technique or something like that. There's got to be some way to coach like how to land. You know, after going up for a dunk, how to position yourself, how to be a little more nimble, how to jump and land properly, or more efficiently. There's got to be ways to coach that. So if he works on that, those techniques, you know, then he can, and sky's the limit for him. Right, most guys that jump that higher in mascot and he's laying off, there's got to be, I mean, I don't know. I mean, maybe people who are more involved in coaching basketball at a higher level has got to know this. There's got to be a way to teach that. You know, maybe you hang on the rim for just a half a second longer or something like that. And then land softer, like a cat. Ja-marant pink camo, nice. That's for the Memphis Grizzlies, Ryan Redman. So Ryan, while we've been looking up all these other cards, why not look up another significant rookie here? Mosaic Ja-marant pink camo. Here's my search. Just a raw one. NBA, oh, this is NBA debut. All right, NBA debut, $26. Recent sale. Non-NBA debut, like $84. So there's a huge difference there, but still a Ja-marant NBA debut, Zion Williamson. So whatever that other price was, maybe a little bit more than a base, less than a normal Zion, but there you go, another one for Joseph LeBron James. Pink camo, Rui Hachimura, pink camo. Hachimura is an interesting, he certainly got some upside. Oh, he was hobby hot for a minute or two when the season started. I don't know what these are going for now. It's like $7, $8 for that card. Thought it'd be more, it'd probably be like a 15 or 20, but to keep her, that's a hold, I think. You can get a lot more than that later on, I feel like, in my opinion. What about you, LeBron? What are your pink camos going for? That's gotta be $15, $20, right? $51, $40, yeah, $40 to $50 on that. Okay, more than I thought. One did go for $35, there you go, Lakers. That's me for Dan Tyson. Charles Barkley at the end. Have fun with the market, ladies and gentlemen. This is like the stock market. This basketball is a lot of fun and it's restarting soon, so that should be fun too. Thanks for watching, folks. That was a two box Ram Team Break number 19, 2019 Panini Mosaic basketball. Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us. I'm Joe and I'll see you next time. Bye-bye.


This could go really badly. It's what she won't come out of so stop. This is where it gets stuck. Oh my god, it's rain not moving. Oh, ah, smart me.  What is that? I'm nearly done, put the needle stuck in my ear. Oh my god, I think I'm gonna pass out. Sit down. And welcome back to my channel. Thank you for clicking on this video, especially this one. Because this one was a whirlwind. Yes, I have a mini Christmas tree in my room. I get a lot of comments about that every time I show it. And in my brain, it doesn't really register because I'm so used to it obviously. I have it here all year round. I think I bought it like three years ago. I don't know, I really like it. And if I moved it from there, that would look really empty, so she stays. So in this video, we are doing a glow up because I don't know if you can see, but I really need one.  Just keep watching.  And that's what I said too. This video is very kindly sponsored by a company called Ana Luisa. They're obviously where my earrings are from and they have sent me a few other pieces. They all came in this beautiful little jewelry box which has a cute little draw, which is so good. Cause whenever I usually buy jewelry, I literally get lost somewhere around my room. I'll take it off and leave it on a table. And I never see them again. And those jewelry pieces never see the light again. Also, all the pieces come in really cute little dust bags. And I'm actually gonna put this necklace on now because that's the best way to show you. Also, this necklace goes so well with this outfit. Wow, you don't know what you're missing. You don't know what you're missing till you got it. You don't know what you're missing. You don't know what you had till it's gone. I don't know whatever the phrase is, but I do know that this necklace is beautiful and I love it. Anyway, they are a luxury jewelry brand, but when I tell you their price is good, I really mean it. Their jewelry starts at like 30 quid. You can still order these. They're still delivering. And they have a 15% sale right now. So if you're looking for a present for your mom, your sister, your girlfriend, I don't know how many boys I have watching this, but it's a good shout. They literally have an entire range starting from 30 quid, as I said, to 14 carat gold.   If you haven't already checked out their website or their Instagram, I'm gonna leave all the details below without further ado. Let's see me attempt to transform this. So this could go really badly. If you don't know, I usually have acrylics on these, bad boys. Obviously I was meant to be going away for three months. So I got them taken off and now we're in quarantine. So for this glow-up video, our first step is to do them by myself. So I'm basically gonna attempt acrylic, but that might be a little bit difficult. So we're doing an in-between. Going to be doing polygel. I'd never heard of polygel until I was trying to buy acrylic. You still get long, fake nails, but you don't use powder. You use this gel instead. I've seen lots of videos of people trying to do this and it looks very difficult. I'm not professional. So this is gonna be interesting. Here is my gel. I got white. I have this little tool, which is really cute first of all in a little pink. This is what you get the gel out of, the pot with. And then this is the little brush that you like. Mold the gel with, if that makes sense. I've got a no acid primer. And you're meant to use a slip solution. I don't have slip solution. I couldn't find any slip solution on Amazon that wasn't gonna take like four years to come. So we'll be using nail varnish remover. Hopefully that's gonna work. God, I've also got a nail file. Let's see how this goes. First I'm gonna clip my normal nails down, push my cuticles back, and then I will get back to you in a minute. Okay, now I'm gonna put a layer of primer on and then cure it in my light that doesn't work unless it's on a table. How sick would this be if it actually works? I just don't imagine I'm gonna be very good at this. Okay, right, I don't know if that works. Kind of look like a librarian now, but we move. I'm gonna start with my little finger because that's the least damaging. So first we're gonna get one of the tips. Measure to see which size fits my little pinky. Is that the smallest size? Why do I feel like that one's smaller? Why do I think eight is smaller than nine? Oh, okay, that fits really well. Right, this is where it gets tough.  Okay, this is not that easy. Okay, I've no idea how thick to make this. So basically you just have to keep spreading this gel. Jesus, this is taking forever. Okay, we're just gonna put it on my nail now. And then we cure it. So under there is a nail and once this is cured, we just pop off the little plastic bit on top. Oh, oh, oh, I've done it. Oh, I've done it. So this is what it looks like. She's a little bit messy, but I'm gonna file this down. I'm kind of in shock. Look at that. Like that looks like a fake nail to me. That's crazy town. And I'm gonna do the rest of this hand and I will get back to you. It's been taking a while. I'm not gonna lie, but we have our first hand complete. Look at that. There we go. I need to paint them and then we'll see how they look. But I am seriously impressed, honestly. Okay, update on the nails. I was just doing a workout with my mother and this happened. Basically I painted them and they looked so pretty and this nail's just come off. At about 5,000 years later, I look really, really rough because it is midnight, but I have finally finished my nails.  So I'm just gonna show you before they all fall to pieces. So here is my other hand. Honestly, I think they look really good. I mean, they'll probably look better on camera because you can't really see. I can't promise that by the end of this video I'm still gonna have these nails. They look pretty for now. Okay, the next part of this video is potentially gonna be the most damaging. Hello. Hi. Everyone is here for moral support. I am gonna pierce my own ear because obviously we can't go to a piercing shop but we're doing my third low piercing. What if I get infected? Then we deal with that when it happens. I'll see you when I am getting a needle put through my ear. Let's go. Okay, the first step. I've got boiling water in there and I'm gonna put the needle in. This is the earring we're gonna put through after. This is how it's good at doing it. Oh, all right, let's put this over here with the rest of our equipment. And I've got some ID's, can you help me out? Okay, good. Okay, I see your ear. Yeah, it's supposed to numb it. It'll sit. Put your phone down. When do you want me to go? Do you want me just to do it? Like, do you want to sit? Don't count down, just do it. Okay. It's disgusting. Ew, ow, don't take it out. Don't take it out. No, I'm not. Oh, stop. Oh my God. You just pull the needle out and then I'll move the apple and then you can try and put the earring through. Uh-oh. Don't know if it's not happening. What do you mean? This earring's really, really blunt. Do you want me to do it? Try. Oh my God, if I want to pass out. Sit down. It was the same one, it went in the same place. I think it's just because it just closed up. Has it gone through? That seems like five minutes. It's things. Yeah, that's probably good. Okay, well, I made it look real worse now that I'm just like, going to take it in a row. Cool, so the needles just chill in my ear. It looks worse than it is. The second time. Because the first time we took it out after like a minute and tried to put the earring in and it didn't work. We should probably disinfect the earring again. It's covered in iodine, it's not blood. But I don't even know if you can see it. We're going to leave it in for 15 minutes this time. And just let it like marinate. I would not recommend piercing your own ear at home. Bro, just pull it out. Why are you touching the back? Because I'm scared it's going to, it's restucking your ear. It's that she won't come out, it's so stuck. Oh my God, it's really not moving. It's coming back. It's coming back. I may or may not have put the needles stuck in my ear. It hasn't gone well, I'm not going to lie to you. Why is it not coming back? Yes. Quickly, quickly, quickly. This doesn't work, we're going to have to give up. Yeah, it's like giving birth. Yes, okay. Give up. It comes so far. Well, that went well. So, answer, I'm giving up. So annoying, because I literally just pierced my ear twice. I don't even have anything to show for it. I just don't know. I probably should have got a thicker needle I guess. I just used one of the little sewing ones that my mum had, because it was the sharpest one. It's definitely not thick enough to stick an earring through. This definitely didn't add to any kind of glow up. But I talk very loudly because it is very late at night and the rest of my family are asleep. And I should be too, but I'm going to fake tan instead. Also, yeah, my nails haven't survived. It's been like two days, so that's great. So I have a lot of fake tan, but most of it is empty. So this is the one I'm going to use. I always use Savorite's All Loving Tan. This is actually the fast one, which does it in like three hours, but I always wear it to bed anyway. I usually use the normal one, but I've run out of that. So I'm going to put this on now, and then I'm going to see you guys in the morning. We're going to wash it off. I'm very tired, so I'm going to get this done as quickly as possible, which means it's probably going to be really bad. I can't, I really can't turn the camera the other way around because it's scary. I mean, what has happened to this cheek? I can't tell if they look more orange or more green. I'm going to say orange. Anyways, I'm going to get in the shower and wash this off. And hopefully this doesn't look as bad when I've washed it off. Not sure it's better.  So I think the moral of the story is I need to get a new tan. These ones are probably too old. Anyway, I'm going to get ready. I'm going to do a full face of makeup and get dressed, and we are going to see the translation. Maybe. This has been a whirlwind. I don't really know what else to say. This is the worst tan I think I've ever done. I'm convinced this whole video has been... I'm convinced this whole video has been cursed. My tan is really patchy. I don't know if you can see this, but it's really grim here and on my fingers and on my legs and everywhere. It's just not good. I just don't know why because I tan all the time and I know how to do it. And usually it's a lot better than that. Have a little faith in me. I've done my makeup. I was going to do a full face and do eyelashes and all the jazz, all that jazz, but it's so hot and sunny outside. I actually don't want to put foundation and eyeliner and blah, blah, blah on. I've just changed the lighting so you can see maybe a bit better how bad this situation is. If anyone knows what has gone on, please help because it's disgusting. So I'm just going to cover it up so you don't have to look at it for the rest of this video. This glow-up was interesting. Didn't really do anything. I'm thinking I might dye my hair for a video.  So give this a massive thumbs up if you want to see me bleach my hair. A massive thank you again to Annalisa for sponsoring this video. I'm going to leave all the jewelry that I got in the description. Don't forget to go and check that out at the end of this. And subscribe if you have never seen this face before. I'm going to stop talking. You've probably got better things to do with your life than listen to me. Thank you so much for watching. Yeah, I hope you have a lovely day and I will see you in my next video. I'm just not the only guy that likes India. India, I like India.


We're here today at Lowell Perman's Ranch and we are looking at soil characteristics and we're looking at soil health specifically on rangeland versus hayland across the fence. Across the fence we have long term hayland, managed that way for many years. The producer decided to put that into a native grass stand so he recently seeded the grass after a couple years of cropping to prepare the field and here we have native range that's fairly highly diverse. We've got the mix of different groups. We have shrubs and forbs and grasses and a pretty highly vigorous stand and we're obviously dry this spring so it doesn't look real vigorous right at this point but if some rain comes we should have really good vigor in the plants. So what what is that different kinds of management and different kinds of plant community? What effect does that have on soil health and that's what we're looking at. Those two factors seem to play a big part in what happens to the to the ecosystem underground compared to what you see above ground. So what we've done is we've pulled two soil cores one on the long-term hayland that's been recently converted to grassland and that's this one here nearest to me and one on that side is this native rangeland that has never been broken and always managed with grazing management. So the first thing I want to point out is the the dark colors and we call that the mollet colors and the depth that those colors go to. You can see initially looking at these they look pretty similar in color in this upper horizon up here but as you if you look closer you can see the dark mollet colors come down to on the rangeland come down to 10 or 11 inches pretty easily whereas on the the long-term hayland we're only getting down to about seven inches with the mollet colors. So a difference in the depth of the mollet or the dark colors here. Another thing that you'll notice is it is a change in the structure and right away I think you can see these larger clods in this upper horizon. We call that blocky structure or subangular blocky whereas over here when you when you break this apart it crumbles into small pieces and so throughout much of this upper horizon when you when you open this up it breaks into what we call granular structure. So this native rangeland has granular structure almost down into this about six inch level and it's starting to move into the small blocks subangular blocky blocks as you get to about six inches. So not only the the shape of these sole pads going from granular over here nice granular structure to blocky but also the size so even when you look at the blocks when you do eventually get into subangular blocky over here you can see a difference in the size of the blocks. This is much larger not as many pores in this soil profile here compared to this one over here so changing from granular and gradually going to the subangular blocky whereas on the hayland we start with subangular blocky pretty much right at the surface and in fact in a minute we'll talk about another feature that we see in the surface layer of that long-term hayland over there. Another characteristic you can see upon looking at this closer is look at the fine roots we have in this native rangeland an abundance of fine roots all throughout this upper foot really of soil. When you look at this hayland over here very few fine roots an occasional larger root but the abundance of roots is much higher on the native rangeland compared to the the hayland. So we see just several characteristics that we also refer to as dynamic soil properties that are different between the long-term rangeland versus the long-term hayland and so we see management and plant community having an effect on those properties that you have some kind of control over through management. So this all amounts to this next thing I want to talk about and that's what effect do these different characteristics have on something like infiltration. So when we were out here last fall we we did measure the infiltration on this native rangeland compared to the hayland over there and we did five different samples on each site and the average average time for the second inch of infiltration to infiltrate on the on the hayland was two hours and on the native rangeland well managed native rangeland it was 12 minutes. So there's a huge difference that all these factors have on the resulting infiltration much more rapid infiltration on the native rangeland a time of only 12 minutes compared to the hayland which was two hours average time. So big impact on the characteristics and the resulting combination of those characteristics. Now I mentioned there's an exception in the structure of this hayland that shows up better when we pull out a larger profile and we just want to look at that right over here. So looking at this long-term hayland on this side uh compared to again the native range now when you look at these and just kind of break them apart a little bit you see all throughout that upper profile that nice granular structure again it easily breaks into little granules throughout that upper six inches but looking at a bigger larger profile you can see what happens here is we have what we call plady structure which is the soil is laying in horizontal plates or layers and that's as a result of compaction over time due to traffic and just poor porosity and the native soil texture the silt loam texture lends itself well to developing these plates with management that that leads to that so you see these plates um that form showing the compaction that has occurred over time and as well you can see the fine roots coming down throughout this profile over here lots of fine roots and kind of a not so many fine roots on this side over here on the hayland some larger roots but uh not quite as many fine roots between the two profiles. Obviously management and the plant community uh have an impact on the soil health out here on the grassland and you can see it's evident in the soil profiles and in the data we've collected. So hayland is not necessarily worse for soil health per se but it depends on the combination of plant community and management. Hayland is typically a simple plant community comprised of only one to a few species based on the first soil health principle plant diversity above ground results in diversity below ground. Hayland often does not meet that criteria. Also hayland is typically harvested at the equivalent of 70 percent utilization or more and all of that biomass is removed at each harvest instead of building up organic matter much of it is removed off the site. So a simple plant community and severe management from a plant standpoint often results in reduced soil health on hayland. Soil health on hayland can be improved. For starters the plant community can be made more diverse by planning a higher number of species. Secondly hayland can be alternated between grazing and haying and the cutting heights can be increased in order to leave more biomass and cover on the site as well as changing the timing of the principal harvest from year to year. Another management option for hayland is to do either bale or windrow grazing in the fall and winter right in the hay field as this will return much of the organic matter to the hayland. This option can also save the cost of moving the hay to storage and then feeding it out. Lastly it comes back to the overall management of the operation and looking at how the animals are utilized as tools to achieve better soil health. It may be possible to reduce the acreage of hayland by increasing the amount of time the animals are grazing. Winter grazing is a viable option in many cases. To have a sustainable operation it comes down to managing the animals we can see as well as managing for the ones we can't see to provide us with the healthy soils underpinning a successful enterprise.


Hi, I'm Megan Chelland. I'm a software engineer at Google, and I work on a team that does integrations between Cloud Foundry and Google Cloud Platform. And this presentation is just going to be about how Cloud Foundry and Google Cloud work together, and then how you can use Google Cloud services in your Cloud Foundry applications. And then I'll also talk a little bit about the roadmap of my team going forward. So first, I'm just going to give an overview of what Google Cloud is in case you're not familiar. Then I'll talk about how Cloud Foundry can run on top of Google Cloud and how that works. My team works on two projects that help with this. One is the Bosch Cloud Provider Interface, or CPI. And the other is the Cloud Foundry Service Broker. And then like I said, I'll talk about our roadmap and things you can look forward to in the next couple months. So Google has been building products for about 18 years, and we have billions of users. You probably use our products every day, whether it's Gmail or Search Android. There are quite a few of them. And we built all of these products on top of custom infrastructure that was built at Google as well. And it was built to support high load and scale because our products have quite a few users, as I mentioned. And Google Cloud is really meant to surface those services out to other software engineers and developers like you. So I'm just going to go over really quickly a couple of these services that are kind of fundamental. One is Compute Engine. So that's our virtual machine service, and these are VMs that run in our data centers worldwide. Some differentiating factors are that we have really quick VM boot time, so it only takes about 30 seconds to start. We also, in terms of pricing, we have a couple services. One is sustained use discount. So if you have workloads that need to run for a long time, you can get discounts on that. And if you have workloads that can handle machine failures or that are really short lived, we can use preemptible VMs to get some discounts there. We also have custom machine types or predefined machine types, so you can get exactly what you need and only pay for the resources that you consume. And on top of that, we also do write size recommendations.  And then we do permanent building. So that just helps to save some money on short lived workloads. These workloads that run on those VMs can take advantage of cloud networking. That's Google's global fiber network. And one of the things that is most exciting for me about networking is the global HTTP load balancer. So this is the same infrastructure that Google's products use for load balancing, and it can support over a million queries per second. So that's kind of a background how Quad Foundry utilizes these services. If you had a user who's trying to use an application that you're running on a Cloud Foundry VM, the user would first hit our global load balancer, which would pass them through to the Quad Foundry Go router, which runs on cloud networking. And then eventually, the Go router would send the user to a Quad Foundry VM, which runs on Compute Engine, and your application will be running on those VMs. So I'm just going to show a quick overview. This is the Google Cloud console. These VMs here are the Quad Foundry machines. And I can search for things like the Diego brain, for example, if I want to find what VM that's running on, I can just search for the label here. And you can see those labels that we applied to the VMs in here. We just apply these labels when we set up Quad Foundry. You can also see the network that we're running in is Bosch. And then this is a subnet that is running all of my Quad Foundry VMs. And then I can also look at... We can search for services in this little search bar, which I really like. These are the load balancers I have for Quad Foundry.  And then I have another one for the TCP router.   And all of these resources are wrapped up within projects. So you can see I have three different projects for different things I'm working on. All of the resources are sort of pulled within a project. So how Quad Foundry does that? Like I mentioned earlier, we have the Bosch cloud provider interface. And what that is is it's a piece of software that runs on the Bosch director. So if the Bosch director wants to do something like create a VM, it'll use the CPI to call through to the cloud API, which will then create the VM. It'll pass back some information to the director about the VM so it can access it. And then the director will use that information to install the Bosch agent onto the VM. And it'll use the agent from that point forward to monitor and manage the VM. And one of the things that we added recently is support for cross-project networking. This is a feature that was available on GCP, but we recently added it to the Bosch CPI. So you can use it for your Cloud Foundry installations now. What we found is that some companies that are larger want to have different departments wrap up their resources within different projects for budgeting and access control reasons, but they still want to be able to share all of the network and network resources within one project. So that's about how Cloud Foundry uses GCP, but you probably are more interested in how you can use GCP in your Cloud Foundry applications. And for that, we have the service broker. So the service broker is a way of provisioning resources that are used within your Cloud Foundry applications. So if you're a CF developer and you type something like CF create service Google storage, which is our large object store, your Cloud Foundry would call through the service broker to the Cloud API, which will provision a Google storage bucket. And then if you find that service to your application, you can store and get objects out of that bucket through your Cloud Foundry applications. Of the services I showed you earlier, these are the ones that are available through the service broker. And we're just adding these based on customer demand. So as people ask for more features, we're adding them. For storage, we have Bigtable. That's our new SQL database. Cloud Storage, like I said, is our object of Lobstore. And Cloud SQL is a relational database. Spanner is kind of special, so I have a slide for that later, and I'll talk in more detail about that. For data, we have BigQuery, which is our managed big data analytics platform. And PubSub is our messaging service. So publish and subscribe. It allows communication between independent applications. And then, of course, we have our machine learning APIs. These are the pre-trained models that Google created and surfaced to people to use. So we have the Vision API, which is, it takes in pictures and applies labels to it. So if you ask it to classify like a dog, for example, it can tell you it's a dog, and it can sometimes even tell you like a breed of dog. And then it can also tell you websites where that image appears. The Video Intelligence API is pretty similar, but for videos. So it could tell you like, there's an elephant in this video at one minute and three seconds and stuff like that. The Speech API does speech-to-text translation, and then the Translate API translates from one language to another. And we also have the Natural Language API, which does things like sentiment analysis of text. Spanner. So Spanner is one of the more recent additions to the Service Broker. It is the first horizontally scalable, strongly consistent relational database service. So it offers both strong consistency and horizontal scalability. And even though it's horizontally scalable, it has the traditional benefits of a relational database. So schema, asset transactions, empty bookings, and Google Play and AdWords have been using this internally at Google. So it's been tested out for over five years. A couple other things we added recently to the Service Broker are Stackdriver, Trace, and Debugger. Trace is our tracing system that allows you to find performance insights, bottlenecks, and do issue detection. It collects latency information and then displays it in the Google Cloud console. And then you can use that to get near real-time performance insights. And the Debugger is really cool. I recommend trying it out because it seems kind of magical. You can pull in source code from GitHub or even local files. And then you can play application state through it. So you can take a snapshot of your application state and just play it through the Debugger. And then you can even share that with your teammates just using the URL. And it's integrated into the CFL pack for Java and now for Go. So it's really easy to set up with your Cloud Foundry applications. And another thing that we worked on recently on my team is the Stackdriver nozzle. So this connects the Cloud Foundry logger gator fire hose with Google's logging, Stackdriver logging and monitoring tools. So this allows you to see Cloud Foundry application logs in the GCP console. And then you can search through those logs for real-time insights into what's going on in your apps. So you can see here this is a snapshot of a page which has the logs slide. You can also dig a little deeper and you can search for them here. And then this is an example of a monitoring dashboard that you could create for your application. And the nozzle is now in GA and there's a tile for it on the GCP console. So that's kind of what we've been working on more recently on our team, as for what's coming up next. We're working on adding native blob store support for Google Cloud Storage. Right now we offer S3 compatibility mode, but there are a couple of things with that. So we wanted to add native support as well. We're also tracking the open service broker project and seeing what comes out of that and then integrating anything into our service broker that comes out of that project. And like I mentioned earlier, based on customer demand, we'll be adding services to the service broker. So anything that comes up that people want, we'll be adding them. We also have a project to integrate UAA and G Suite. So that allows you to have kind of a single source of truth for users and permissions within your applications. And it would sync automatically. And then we're doing various refactoring and UX improvements for the service broker as a whole. Well, so I've added some links here to our service broker and flash CPI release if you're interested in learning more. And that's it. Thanks.


So, prior to Joe Biden's inauguration, he was talking a big game when it comes to immigration. Not only did he promise comprehensive and sweeping immigration reform, he also promised to stop all deportations for the first 100 days of his administration. Now, fast forward to him being in power and things are already starting to change. It's been what? Like, a little over a month of him being president and he's already backtracking on his promises. He started almost immediately when he signed an executive order to do what he promised to do. Stop all deportations. The problem is that a judge blocked that order to stop deportations because of something that Trump's administration put in place at the last minute. They basically said that any changes that you make, you have to notify the state. So Texas actually sounded the alarm and they got this stopped, right? So any and all deportations that were scheduled to go into effect before Biden came into power, they went on as planned. The issue is that Biden legally can still just stop. Stop those deportations by rescheduling them. Scheduling them for months later so that way in the event you are successful in this legal war, well, those deportations will stop. He didn't do that. Immigration activists called on him to take action and he didn't take action. As a result, hundreds of people were deported. And now he has just done a complete 180. And I don't know how else to describe this other than saying this is a gigantic brazen betrayal, contrary to what people want you to believe. People in media who are trying to do apologia for Joe Biden here. So as Colin Combacher of Long Crime Explains, Breaking, President Biden just issued new ICE guidance, wholly abandoning his pledge to halt deportations. ACLU says this is a disappointing step backward from the Biden administration's earlier commitments to fully break from the harmful deportation policies of Trump and Obama. The seven-page guidance can generally be characterized as a return to form these immigration enforcement under the Obama administration. Some of the new provisions are likely to be of extreme concern to immigrants, immigrant communities and immigrant rights activists and advocates. Most headlines about this have not taken stock of the full nature of this interim guidance. History media largely appears to be taking ICE at their word that the new enforcement priorities, really just the old enforcement priorities, are targeted toward criminals. But that's not true, as the removal priority sections above, which work in tandem, show new undocumented immigrants are subject to immediate deportation. That's a huge departure from what Biden promised and has nothing to do with public safety or criminal law. Being undocumented is a civil offense. Now Colin lays all of this out more comprehensively in an article for law and crime, but I think that the tweets are sufficient because they concisely explain the situation. But I do want to read the statement that the ACLU put out in response to this news, because I think that they really, they put it best. They write, the memo is a disappointing step backward from the Biden administration's earlier commitments to fully break from the harmful deportation policies of both the Trump and Obama presidencies. While the Biden administration rightly acknowledges that immigrants are our family members, our co-workers, and our neighbors, for now it has chosen to continue giving ICE officers significant discretion to conduct operations that harm our communities and tear families apart. The interim enforcement priorities detailed today import the injustices of the criminal legal system and will lead to continued disproportionate deportations of black and brown immigrants. The priorities use sweeping and overboard presumptions of threat that have for decades resulted in biased profiling and harmful immigration consequences for black and brown people, including Muslims. The priorities presume that all recent border crossers are threats in total contravention of President Biden's commitment to ensuring that people seeking asylum are treated with dignity. We expected better from the Biden administration and believe that the next 90 days will continue to reaffirm the need to force ICE to downscale its operations, including by ending ICE programs that tap state and local law enforcement for immigration enforcement, such as the 287G program and the use of ICE detainers. And we will demand accountability for the unjust arrests and deportations that ICE officers and their local partners will inflict on immigrant communities until DHS further reforms. At a time when black immigrants are being deported, including to the lethal situation in Haiti, the Biden administration must not hesitate to put real limits on ICE as it works to undo the chaos and cruelty of both the Trump and Obama administrations. The Biden administration must fully break from the racist and unfair policies of the past. So this is something that is deeply disturbing, but it's not surprising. I didn't necessarily expect a change in the status quo when Biden, all throughout his 2020 campaign, didn't really seem to care much about immigrants, like when he was confronted by an immigration activist about the Obama era policies. Do you remember what he told that person? He said, you should vote for Trump. That's what he said to an immigrant activist who confronted him about his policies. So I'm not surprised that he's not doing anything different. Like I was pleasantly surprised to see that he did sign that executive order to halt deportations, but when further action was needed, I mean, of course, the old Biden that we all know and hate was back. He chose to not take action. And so this is why we have to get a lot more radical in the way that we talk about immigration, and it should be non-negotiable that ICE be abolished. This is a rogue agency. And Biden at this point is not even doing the bare minimum to try to rein them in. He is absolutely culpable here. And by issuing this new guidance, this is a direct betrayal. You can't call it anything but that. This is a betrayal. And by calling ICE a rogue agency, I don't want to make it seem as if like Biden is a good faith actor here. He's not. He has the power as the president of the United States to stop all deportations during a pandemic. And you might not be able to permanently stop them, but at a minimum, reschedule them. So that way we can sort things out, do immigration reform perhaps. But he's not doing that. And this is a really, really quick betrayal. This is the second betrayal that we've already seen with him being in power for less than a month. He lied about the $2,000 survival checks. And then he said, OK, it's going to be $1,400 survival checks. And we were supposed to get this immediately. And now we're looking at March to get these checks. And now, after promising to halt deportations to change the status quo, to right the wrongs of the Obama and Trump eras, now we're seeing the same deportation policies that are harmful put into practice by Biden. It is deeply disgusting, albeit exactly what we should have expected from Biden. He doesn't deserve a honeymoon. He never did. And this is why people like me were saying immediately when he is sworn in, you hold his feet to the fire. Because it's not like there's any confusion about who Joe Biden is. He has a lengthy decades plus long record and he has governed as a conservative. So don't give him the benefit of the doubt. Immediately apply pressure to him, because if we don't keep constant pressure on Joe Biden, he is going to do a lot of damage. And we're already seeing this. The media was never going to hold him accountable. But grassroots activists, they can hold him accountable. And so if we don't make a stink about this, then he's not going to feel any pressure to do the right thing. So I hope that members of the squad and Bernie Sanders and progressives in positions of power, progressive organizations actually sound the alarm about this, because this is downright morally reprehensible.


Hello, everyone. Is anyone there? Yeah, we're here. How are you? Hi. Well, I'm in Wyoming on a road trip. Right. Just off, I stopped at a rest stop to do this. Here I am. So are we underway, Kath or Erin? Shall I just? Yes, please. Go ahead. So everyone who's here, welcome to the fireside chat. And I'm John Liu. Today we're going to be taking you to Bolivia to look at the developments in a beautiful camp there. It's very interesting. I'm sure you're going to find this fascinating. And I'm going to say a few words because I think we're in a very important moment in history. I think it's the ecosystem restoration camps movement has a chance to have a significant impact on the situation that we see ourselves in now as they're more and more disruptions from the pandemic from economic issues from influence in different places, refugee situations. And so I just wanted to say that the more I think about this, the more I realized that the camps have a huge possibility and opportunity to serve their communities to make sure that no one suffers necessarily if we put together central kitchens and we put together ways to train people who are marginalized or are disaffected from the society to do ecosystem restoration. It will have an enormous impact on those individuals and make their communities and their landscapes more resilient. And I have to consider that what we're seeing is with widespread drought, multi year droughts, multi decade droughts, wildfires, extreme weather events, and so on, our ecological systems suffering. So regardless of what the economic or social systems are we really need to focus on water and soil and plants and biodiversity. So this is what all the camps are working on. The more people we train, then the less sort of depressed people have to be because you can actually see improvements in the hydrological cycle and soil fertility in the numeric numbers of plants and in the first. So this is this is all extremely important for people and and gives them purpose. And one more thing that I've been working on, and I want you to know eco flicks. Can people mute now. Those who are muted. There's a, there's a new streaming service called eco flicks, and it's at eco flicks.com so ecoflix.com and we have the ability to bring together all of the camps will have the opportunity to share their, their information through eco flicks. Other organizations like the global eco village network like permaculture training will be able to to share their materials their organizations like the society for ecological restoration can also join us and others. So, we'll be able to curate an area that is being called Earth restoration, the great work of our time. And there we can celebrate all the camps, we can tell people about which are the most effective and show people which are the most effective methods for infiltrating and and retaining moisture. And propagating and planting out and there's some very interesting areas that that I've noticed. One is, we're working with prisons in the United States to create the tannical sanctuaries. So this is a huge comfort for the inmates and it's very satisfying also for the guards. It is of enormous value for the society and gives great satisfaction to everyone who's participating in it, and it also gives skill sets that allow inmates when they get out of prison to have meaningful lives and work forever. So these are the kinds of things that I'm interested in and if anybody is interested in those please contact me. My email is john D Liu at iCloud.com. And you can reach me at any time through that. So, I'm going to turn it over to Aaron, who's going to share some camp information from the movement. And then we're going to hear from. Meadow about the camp in Bolivia. So thank you very much for listening and and welcome again to the fireside chat. Thanks so much john and welcome everybody who's here it's so lovely to see some familiar faces and some folks here returning as well as some some new people in this group. Our event will be about an hour and a half with a bit longer for you to engage in discussion afterwards we have a very special speaker for you. And I'll just share a little bit about the way that we will organize today's chat. Let me just make sure that I'm not covering the slides. Can I get a thumbs up if it looks okay. Awesome. So today we have menno starring from Camp Tokai in Bolivia. Menno will be giving a presentation and we'll ask you to hold your questions until after the presentation, and you can do that either by raising your hand and turning on your video and raising your hand. You can ask a question in the chat and we'll try to make sure that that gets covered, or you can digitally raise your hand using the zoom raise hand feature. As I mentioned that our session is about an hour and we'll have open discussion at the end. A couple of updates from what's going on at ecosystem restoration camp sites partners around the world. Upcoming experiences include Camp Coyote in California they're having their spring camp week from the May 13 to the 15. So if you are in northern California, and would like to join them. They would love to have your participation to do some restoration activities that they have on site. Our coom also in the UK will be doing their spring rewilding in person experience from May 26 until the 31st so if you're looking for an opportunity in that region. I'll look at our website for more details and information. And then finally camp dry land solutions in Somalia is organizing their permaculture design course with Sam Parker Davies from September 19 until the second. Other updates from our camps as well in camp contour lines in Guatemala local farmers and community members are producing regenerative food products and some of those products will be available internationally so stay tuned for more information about about those lines. Camp Tanganyika in Tanzania has been using a holistic approach for conservation and ecosystem restoration. They includes local farmers in food gardens. Excuse me in forest gardens. This is a conservation approach that is protecting primates and pangolins. So if you are a pangolin fan like I am we should definitely learn a little bit more about their project. Camp Salta Troy in Ireland is partnering with a housing estate to train residents to do ecosystem restoration and increase biodiversity in their backyards. So if you can join us to learn a little bit more about what's going on at Camp Kings Garden and another list. So without further ado, I would like to introduce Menno as the camp manager for Camp Chukaya in Cochabamba. Menno would you like to kick it off or should I open with the video. Just open the video that's fine. Hi my name is Ben. I'm here in Chukaya at what will be the agroforestry site. So this is a big project on five hectares of land behind me. We'll be planting around 3,000 fruit trees around 6,000 association trees that's native trees with the fruit trees. So yeah, there's great potential in this site. The main incentive for this project is a dual purpose thing of helping combatting climate change to execute a design which works and sets an example. The other aim of this is to make it productive for the people. Yeah, thank you, Erin. Thank you everyone listening, watching. My name is Menno and I'm originally from Holland and I'm working in Bolivia most of the time. One of the things is this Camp Chukaya, Eco Camp Chukaya. Basically we arranged it with the ERC, the Foundation Samay and the local partners here in Bolivia. Next slide please. So this is the latest one we produced in the Chukaya camp, the water reservoir which will basically water all the agroforestry we are making on the hillside. Next one. Well, for the people who are not very clear about Bolivia, it's in the center of South America. It's about 11 million people, mostly indigenous. And it's among the poorest in South America. And then there is both the part of the Andes and the part of the lowlands, which is mostly Amazon. We work mostly in the Andes, between 2,000 meter and 4,000 meter. Next please. Yeah, this is just to give an impression of a country. Next one. The general themes in Bolivia, or some of the general themes in Bolivia which we see is first of all poverty. Mostly the people on the countryside, most of them are poor. Then there is climate change. There is erosion and soil degradation. So it means the soil is getting poorer and poorer and poorer due to wrong use of the grounds. Next one. The part of the climate change in Bolivia. There are two examples here. You can see on the right side, you can see the Czechotaja mountain with the ski jump. And the Czechotaja mountain did have a beautiful glacier, which has melted by now completely. So the ski jump is not working anymore either. And on the left side, you see the Lake Popo, Laguna Popo. And the lake has largely disappeared. Well, different factors from mining to climate change. But climate change is a part in the story. Next one please. So in the themes we are doing in the Chokaja eco-camp are acroforestry of course. Water reservoirs, reforestation and water infiltration and fire prevention. Next one. So the acroforestry. We do a mix of fruit trees, native trees and vegetables. And these are really small pieces of land, you know. It could be like a hundred fruit trees, mostly apple trees. Apple trees are the cash crop. The native trees, they are the green fertilizers. The organic material of the native trees comes underground and in the ground. And that's making the soil better. And the vegetables are in between basically. So you can see some nets to protect the apples from the birds. Next one please. The water reservoirs. In order to have the acroforestry to have the fruit trees. Well, they need water both in the dry season and in the wet season. So the dry season of course is the problem here. So we make this kind of water reservoirs. From concrete, they're quite cheap. But mostly, well, the work is done by the local people. The local communities do the work. And they do pay part of the money as well. And by having water access, you can harvest vegetables more time a year. Instead of one time a year. Next one. The water infiltration and the reforestation. Water infiltration is a very interesting subject and it's a little bit new for us. Basically the water, most water enters on the top of the mountains into the ground. And it comes in the valleys, it comes out as a spring. It has been like that forever. But nowadays the spring water is getting less and less. Because the infiltration of the water on the mountain tops is getting less and less. This is partly because a lot of the original forest is disappearing. And well partly it's because of wrong use of agricultural ground again. So indeed the things you can do there is like water channels you see underneath. A lot of water channels will take care that water sinks into the ground. And planting native trees or at least protecting the native trees that are there is important as well. The native trees, the trees will as well take care that the water enters into the ground. Actually we have some examples now where we have done this. And we have some results as well. Because the springs underneath in the valley, they increase the volume of water again. Yes, fire prevention. There's well nowadays everywhere on earth almost, there's fire problems. And here in Bolivia, close to Quarchibamba, there's a lot of fire problems as well. And there to prevent it, there's different things you can do. Well first of all, if you have a pine forest, for example, you have to cut the lower branches. And take care that not all the branches, not all the organic materials laying on the ground there. Because your forest will just disappear with fire, you know.  So we use cactuses, tuna cactuses as fire barriers. Three layers of this tuna cactus. And if they're grown up in about five years, it should be enough to stop most fires. Then there is a lot of important work to be done with the community people. Well, first of all, they shouldn't use their fire to burn it clean. To burn their area clean, that's what they still do here. So on communal level, we should make kind of agreements about not using fire for clean burning. And you can make local fire fighters. So we give courses to the community people to fight fires. And we give them the fire clothes and some equipment as well. And in some communities, this works very well. In other communities, it doesn't work that well. Next one, please. Yeah, this is just a general impression. We make some greenhouses. We do some plastic recycling. And the square meter garden. Next one. That's the movie already. Yeah, go for it, I would say. Yeah, that's fine. Maybe some last words. And then it's open for questions. So the foundation works from Holland, Netherlands. Most of the morning from Netherlands and we are spending the morning here in Bolivia. And that's in that way of that's the way of working you can do in most from most European countries. Most rich countries do have funds for this kind of work in poor countries. Thank you very much for your attention and I leave it open for comments or questions or whatever. Thank you so much. Thank you so much for your attention. I'm really interested to see what's going on in a different type of ecosystem and really looking also kind of at these mountain based projects where you're working on high slopes and in different types of soils. So I think it's really interesting combinations of or I think really useful combinations of productive plants for sale as well as in native plants. I think we'll open for questions. And then I also wanted to mention that if you guys would like to support projects like minnows, as well as other ecosystem restoration camps. If you're based in the US, you can look at the link here under ecosystem restoration camps.org slash USA to make a contribution or find ways to engage with us directly at some of our in person events. And with that, I will take the first question I see here from Diana. The floor is yours and go ahead and unmute yourself. Hi. So interesting. I wanted you to go into a lot more detail about your water reservoir. For instance, how did you get the water into it. And how do you get the water out of it you know do you have pumps or just using gravity, you know how is it tied into how do you irrigate. How do you build it. Can you give a lot more detail about your water reservoir and how it works. Yeah, I will try. So the water reservoirs. Yeah, they, they work on gravity to get the water out. The water in it's it's mostly it's springs.  And you only if you collect the water you can use it effectively if you just let the spring drip drip away. It will not have very much effect. So, so, yeah, so there's, so there are some tubes connected to the water reservoir. There are some tubes going out of the water reservoir. And then there are sprinklers who who sprinkled the water around, basically, if you're really interested into how to build it. You can send me an email and I could probably send you instructions. Oh, okay. Is it grab, is it gravity then that are do you use pumps. No, it's gravity indeed. Okay. I see we have a question in the chat and then I also see Andrew Langford has raised his hand. The chat question from Planet Healers is what soil are you working with. It looks dry. So how do you increase the moisture holding. And indeed the soil in in general to start with is poor and in the dry season very dry as well. So, so we need that's why we need this combination of water reservoirs and organic material organic material to get into the ground and to organic material to cover the ground. And, and, and beside that we use some before we start to use some combinations of. I'm not even sure all that's in it but I think there's some rock powder and some for kind of natural fertilizers, but I'm not exactly sure what it always so. Yes, the, the, indeed the organic material is the most important part of it, the green fertilizers. Thank you men. Please go ahead, Andrew. Hi there men. We've had a bit of an email correspondence about Alan's very pleased to be thinking about that with you. I would like to know a little bit more about the climate. Do you have frost and I hear you have a dry season and I know, and therefore presumably a rainy season. So when's your dry season and when's your rainy season. Yeah, so the rainy season from December till March more or less it and and well from May till till kind of October it's really dry season and and and we work on different altitudes but Chokaya camp itself doesn't really have frost. But it does have it. Sometimes it could have hail, hail stones. Okay, okay. But in general, the temperature would be. Not too cold basically. Okay, okay, great. Okay, that sounds sounds quite like a lot like some parts of California in the USA. Wet winter and but I should summer isn't it. Southern hemisphere wet summer you have a wet summer and a dry winter. That's it. Yes, yes. Yes. Okay, great. Good. Thanks. That's very helpful. Yeah. Thanks for the communication going on. Even if it's slow. Are there hands raised as anyone else have a question, John, please go ahead. I just, I've been to Bolivia a few times, and I noticed that there was an attempt to connect the upstream water. Yes, protectors with the downstream water users. Because the, you know, if the people upstream were taking too much water, the people downstream wouldn't have any water. And or if they were, they're cutting the trees, then you'd have a lot of runoff, but you wouldn't have a lot of base flow. And there was an attempt to use payments for ecosystem services to try to improve that. Do you see that happening? Are you using that kind of thing? Are you working with other organizations who do that? Well, the one you're talking about, I'm not really sure which it is. But but we try to do it on a very local level. So, so our, our partner organizations work on the very local levels. That would be one local government. And, and one local government could be a mountain site and a valley. And so we, we try to get the communities together to cooperate. And this can be a real difficult process. For example, in the water infiltration song, there can be, for example, nine different owners. And some owners want to cooperate and others don't want to cooperate. So it can be a process of years before they agree to, to do the replanting of the trees and to do the infiltration channels. So to be short, we work on a very local level, and we try to multiply it to other local governments. John. So how many people are you serving? How many people are working in your projects? Well, if we by now we have been planting almost one and a half million trees. But not all of it is agroforestry. Some, some of it is native trees. Some, some of it is pine trees as well. Non-native pine trees. So the agroforestry is the most effective and useful way. Both to get economic interest and environmental interest together. And I think we have had about in total a kind of six, 700 farmers, small farmers by now. Thank you. Great. For folks who are just joining us, we are in the question and answer section for Meno, who's leading the work in Camp Tokaya. If anyone has any questions, please either raise your hand with your video on or you can write us a question in the chat, or you can raise your hand using the Zoom feature. Meno, I have a question for you. If I can jump ahead of Kat, if that's okay. I was curious about what are some of the, the biggest challenges that you have in establishing new vegetative cover in some of these areas. Is it finding the right combination of plants? Is it the water component? Is it the soil? Is it the maintenance? What are some of the biggest challenges and how have you been organizing around those? Well, actually, difficult can be working with the local people. If there is an economic interest for the local people, they will work together with us and they will join into the projects. Basically, this means agroforestry is an economic interest for them because of the fruit trees, of course. If you get to any other project, it's getting more difficult. If you want to plant native trees on the mountains for the water infiltration or for the erosion, for example, it gets difficult. And you might have to do an exchange on some other level. For example, if you say, yeah, we work together with you on the lower hillside with agroforestry and with water reservoirs, then on the higher hillside, we want to have native trees. And this is our exchange. In this way, it can work. But if you just want to plant native trees for the environmental thing, not so much chance. Great. Thank you. We have another question from Kat Richie. Please go ahead, Kat. Thank you. I'm particularly fascinated with what you're doing with planting the cacti. I can't remember the name of the species that you mentioned specifically. I was just keen to know whether is this a species that has been tried and tested in terms of effectiveness for combating or as a natural fire barrier before? And is it specifically this species of cactus or is that the one you're planting because it's native or easily available or it grows quickly? Yeah, I'd like to know why this species and has it got proven effectiveness? And how many years does it take to reach a point where it could provide an effective fire barrier? Thank you. Yeah, I guess it takes about four or five years to get effective barrier. How scientific is it? Not completely. It has not really been proven by universities or something. But now we work together with the university to both grow the cactuses and to plant them out. So you could say that it's more or less on an experimental level. But on the other hand, it's kind of logic as well. Like if you want to have fire barriers for fires which are not enormous but fires which are kind of in between or middle. Anyway, any barrier you can think of, it can be a road, it can be a waterway, it can be a hilltop. Anything can be effective. Of course, the situation is different than in California here. Thank you, Meno. I think we also in some regions refer to this species of cactuses, no fun in Mexico and in other areas. And, Cass, since I know you, I will forward a conversation so we can keep talking further. That particular plant has a lot of really great applications for dry land restoration. It stores a lot of water. It produces an edible fruit. The leaves are edible and they're also often used for forage for animals. So, and fire barriers, there are a lot of really interesting uses for that particular plant. It's really exciting that you guys are using that in your project as well. I will pass the microphone to Michael Polarski, who has his hand raised for a question. Hi there. Just a quick note on that cactus.  And one thing to do with them once you have a lot of them is you can cut part of them down and bury them in trenches for garden areas and you can make a really good garden area by turning some of the cactus, which grow in some of the most inhospitable dry situations imaginable on kawaii probably like a five inch rainfall zone. Anyway, check that out. So I had actually two questions. One is a little bit has a little prelude in that recently I've been reading international literature that's in saying that agroforestry is one of the best ways you can get people to plant trees, and that it's tried and true and all these countries and so people really believe in it. And so your experience there is that agroforestry once again is what the selling ticket is. And the question is, although million and a half trees you planted, how many are still alive, or how many were destined for a quick death anyway because they be their pioneer species but I'm just curious, because everybody plants trees and some have a really high success rate some have a really low success rate. And it's a success rate is really, of course, more important than the numbers I'm just curious. Everybody loses some I mean you never get 100% but I'm curious how you're doing. Yes, so how many of the percentage of the trees died. Basically, yeah, yeah this this is differs like if it's fruit trees. Quite a high survival of the fruit trees, because because of the same reason they're economical benefits. And so I think that's about 10%, 10, 15% dice of the fruit trees of the native trees. This is much higher this will be at least 30% of it. And sometimes it's even worse than that. So the names, for example, a lot of native trees which plan they they have to survive on the rainbow. And if there's one year without rain problems and high mortality. Did you have another question as well. Just really quickly, if the people had the local governments the local people have a say in how the land is used around here can they make a decision to save or take care of land, or is the decision out of their hands do they have control over their own of the land there I guess it's at all private. Most of it is private, some of it is communal. So the private land, they have their own say in it and the communal land, they have to decide communal of course with the village. So, so mo that's why most people on the communal land want to have pine trees for productive reasons to cut it down in 14 and 22 years to have woods to construct something. Yeah. And, and, whereas we try to push the native trees with limited success. Well, see. Well, we need native trees that give them production. And, you know, so yeah production and native, but I must go but thank you for your great work. Hello to everybody. Bye bye. Michael, if you are able to stay for one more second. I'm hoping you could maybe share the information about your upcoming course. Okay, sure. I'm putting on a ecosystem restoration course in Washington State to USA. And of course, all of you are really busy in the far away, probably, but if you know anybody in our region, or somebody that would want to take an ecosystem restoration course. We're doing one. And I guess I would just say global earth repair foundation.org. I'll be back. I'm going to do this annually and some. So I'm going to invite all your friends. You hang on. Great. Thank you so much. Okay, bye bye. Do you have any other questions for no. I also have one, one follow up question for you, no. So you've worked mainly in an area that that's pretty close to a major city in Bolivia. Do you have you guys considered projects in other sites. Or are you really happy to focus on the particular place where you've been doing your work. There's a lot of agriculture in those valley regions, as well as deforestation and degradation issues in other ecosystems in the country. Are you looking into some of those areas or are you focusing primarily on this site. Well, Aaron, actually we work in the, both in the departments of La Paz, North Potosi and Corchabamba. So it's not only the Chacotaya eco camp. It's a lot wider than that, but it's all in the Andes Mountains. All in, well, situations which are recognizable. And then there, of course, there is the part of Bolivia, which is the lowland and among it's the Amazon part. And there are the really big problems. And there the forest is disappearing very quickly. But it's such a different ecosystem. It deserves to have its projects. And sometimes we consider to go there, but it didn't really take off until now. Well, as you expand those projects, we'll be really happy to keep collaborating with you and supporting as that works growth. I just, I just wanted to ask, do the, do you have some way of creating the local people in decision making besides just participating in agroforestry? Do they become part of the management or are they empowered in other ways? Yeah, John, to a certain degree. But it might be done even to a larger degree. Well, of course, we give them the knowledge of agroforestry, how to maintain the ground and stuff like that. And of course they have their local decision making in the villages, like do they want to restore a mountain site or not? Or till what, till what degrees do they want to restore a mountain site? So they have a large say in that. But maybe you're even thinking of having them to design area. And that's not something we're, we don't do that yet. So there, maybe there's more possible than what we do. Thanks. Thank you. I see also that we have a question in the chat that is more general. It's about a particular type of practice called Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration, which is a type of coppicing tree management system. And Robert Hayes asks, can anyone speak about the success of Farmer Managed Natural Regeneration for forestry management and tree survival? This is a little bit more of a general question about that type of practice. I don't know if anyone in the group would like to talk about it generally. Anyone who is here is welcome to make a comment about that and Kath, go ahead. I can't personally speak to it, but I do know that Camp Green Pop, who operates out of South Africa, but also have projects in Zambia, have been quite involved in doing training at their project site near Livingston in Zambia, with the community to show them that way of managing the land. And in fact, in our newsletter about three months ago, we included a brief overview of how they're doing this. If anyone would like to reach out to Camp Manager Misha Teesdale via their webpage on the ERC website, I'm sure that Misha would be happy to speak at length about the successes or not that they have had with implementing that technique. So it's another continent, I appreciate that, but I think the concept behind it is probably the same. I have a film on my YouTube on farmer based natural regeneration that follows the work of, what's his name from World Vision in Australia, he got a major prize because of that, several prizes actually. It's quite an excellent thing. Anyway, it's on the, I'll see if I can find it and put it up into the chat. Thank you so much, John. Right. Tony Rinaldo's work with World Vision and he won the Land for Life Award, many, many years ago, I don't know how many years ago, 10 or 15. Yeah, I'm really familiar with farmer managed natural regeneration being used in the African region. In Central and South America, I have not seen that as a technique used as frequently, and I'm not as aware of as many examples. I have another question for Meno from Joey. How does your ecosystem, your eco restoration camp affect local livelihoods so you talked a little bit about fruit production. Are there other local livelihoods that are connected with the project that you're developing. Local livelihoods meaning animals and stuff. Local livelihoods usually refers to economic opportunities that might come out of the project. So job opportunities, other types of productive chains that might be part of this system. I understood that. Okay, great. Thank you. Yeah. This is positive, actually, that mostly with the agro forestry, the income will will increase and it some in some cases it can increase actually quite a lot like two or three times as much as normal food production. So say they are growing potatoes or once a year or mice once a year. And you replace it with agro forestry, including the water reservoir. And then you can produce the whole year round. And the apples have they they sell good. So, so, yeah, the income can increase to three times in this way. Great, thank you. So I think we've finished the Q&A section I don't see any more questions coming in. I think we should use the rest of this time. If people have projects that they want to share more general questions that they want to discuss about restoration strategies so that the folks on the line can participate in that conversation. And it will be open to everyone who's here on the call. So I think with that we will anyone who wants to jump off the call at this point. Please feel free to do so and we will leave the conversation open for everybody to chat, share discuss for about the next half hour. So thank you guys for those who do have to leave thank you for joining us. And please go ahead. I see Phoenix. Please make sure to unmute yourself. Let me just get situated here. Can you hear me. Yes. Yes. You hear me. Yes, we can hear you go ahead. Yes. Okay, great. Sorry. Well, thank you so much, John, for inviting me. John and I have been talking quite a bit about a project that I've been working on with the Navajo Nation, which is the largest landowner in the United States. And we're really excited to bring these techniques to them. And really doing the groundwork initially laying the foundation to really bring the education and inspire them to want to take this on and lead it themselves. And so we're working on developing that strategy as a written proposal. And so anything that I can use to present to them that can clearly outline, you know what what ecosystem restoration camps can do as far as support. I know there's some videos that are really great. But there's actually there's also funding through the US Department of Interior. And so it's pre development funding, which I think this would qualify for. And so we're connected directly with the main decision maker because they really want to expedite the funding process because there's been a lot of bottlenecks in the past. And the current administration really wants to push this through to hang their hat on before the reelection. And so they're, they're actually wanting to build 50,000 homes, which is quite the feat. And they're starting with pre development so this would be part of that and so anything that we can present to them I know john thinks, and I think also that it would be really important to start with a creative space and a maker space along with central kitchen and a central event space. We don't want to blur it too much but we're really close to getting funded for a holistic wellness center that would be working with different evidence based healing practices and potentially also working with public therapies. And so that's how I got into this initially and then by being connected with john who's the main decision maker on this project. He's kind of asked me to help him with some of the pre development so that's why I reached out to John L to to see how we could work together so if anybody feels inspired by this project and wants to help. I'll go ahead and drop my email into the chat. I think Aaron might be a good person to talk with she's in charge of the she's directing the foundation so Aaron is probably the right person. Okay. Thanks, yeah Phoenix that sounds like a really amazing initiative that you're working on. And it sounds like maybe there might be some other people in the call who are interested in and what that might look like so we can certainly get in touch and I can give you whatever information you need to help you understand and and share more about what ecosystem restoration camps does and can support as a as a type of coordinating and networking entity. So, we can definitely continue that discussion. And it sounds like some other folks are interested in hearing a little bit more about your project so we have one question for you about whether you're looking at prairie restoration. And if you're looking at grazing animals like, like a person. Yeah, it's it's really right at the beginning stages and it's depending on, you know, which part of the world that we're in. It could be within the high desert of Arizona, potentially and Saunders Arizona. And so, you know, I'm not an expert on any of this and so if anybody has experience with working with that kind of climate and I think with what John was saying, you know, really starting with a focus on economic development. And so if, you know, doing more fruit trees and food forest would be a good place to start. But yeah, definitely with livestock also. I think that would also play into the economic growth. Yeah, I think that would be great. Very cool. We have some folks who have been involved directly with camps on this call. One of the things I think that is really special about ecosystem restoration camps is the network approach we take and really finding solidarity and support through the connections with projects who are doing restoration activities on the ground. So that your project doesn't, you know, it doesn't feel like you're kind of taking on these activities on your own, and that there really is this community of folks who have the technical knowledge who have access to the financial resources, to the volunteer support to take on a project like that. So, yeah, getting you connected with other partners who are doing that work, as well as some of the networks of knowledge and other types of resources that are available. And that's something that we look to support. And I see that Andrew has his hand raised so please go ahead. Yeah, this, this relates both to the whole of ecosystem restoration network, but also specifically the memo with his work in Bolivia because we've been having this conversation about men as desire from for some species of almond, which he was about from Spain, which makes me suspicious that they might be hard shell rather than the soft shell almonds which have grown in California. Okay. And it raises the question. Well, there are all kind of all manner of useful species around the world. And it would be great if we could move them around a bit. But I know that there are all these phytosanitary barriers to, you know, like to importing germ plant germ plasm from one country to another and so on. And I know there are some ways that you can, you know, you can, you can take cuttings and put it in test tubes of decidedly poisoned toxic pesticides and get it through that way because nothing else other than the plant material could survive that kind of treatment. So what I'm looking for I need help. Well, I need help to find out what are the roots and the methods for us to be able to relatively informally move plant germ plasm around so that we can increase the range of valuable species. That for example, men who could be using for planting in his systems, but other people could be also using because I what I noticed is that having recently spent a few years in California. I noticed that there's dozens of different root stocks and fruiting top parts of plants available there.  And it's like, you can find maybe one or two varieties of something so there's a sort of like a variety, paucity in many parts of the world, which the first world could pay some attention to, you know, gifting useful varieties that are, you know, more drought or hard shell and therefore don't get all of the diseases which soft shell almonds do just as an example for anybody who's got experience of moving plant material around the world. I'd love to have your emails and to start a conversation about how we might do that as an organized process check. Indeed, indeed. Thank you for taking it up. Indeed, how to find the correct far far kind of species said the fire fire, how do you say that in English the fire I a T and how to transport it actually that's the second thing. And I know there's lots of useful tree species, which we could use in Bolivia, but I'm not sure how to get them here, and the exact correct species. Someone has accidentally shared their screen. Well, just to, you know, take a stab at that question that Andrew and men are interested in. This is a really kind of serious area because there's quite a lot of international relations surrounding moving. There are agricultural quarantines and this sort of thing. I highly recommend working with the botanical gardens. There's two gardens and then there's an association of all the botanical gardens around the world. And they know pretty much what's what what you need to do in order to move these, these species around. And you have to be very careful with this, because, like California, they want to search your vehicle and everything when you come in because you might be bringing in some fruit or something you're not supposed to do that. So you have to be very, very careful with that.  So that's how a lot of material went around the world. But I would say that that's something that we should we should study carefully and find a true person who's devoted their lives to this and and get them together on a podcast or on a presentation and find out exactly what what's with that. I'll look into that a little bit. I'm interested too. I like your suggestion that we would perhaps see whether we can ally with botanical gardens. That's a very good motion, John. I appreciate that. They will have of course all of the necessary wariness about avoiding bringing in plants that have a possibility of being invasive. So yeah, maybe quite a lot of legacy genome in somewhere, you know, there it may be kept somewhere carefully and if we can. One of the things we're talking about and added to California right now with this work with prisons to create botanical sanctuaries in the prisons. So this could be quite interesting to see to see if that is is at all possible. I think that is that variety in both productive species so species like that we use for agriculture and for food production. It is something that is really well. Let's say regulated and that they're already really strong international processes for which countries can import productive species for use. For that reason, we have pink lady apples in Mexico and and we have prickly pear cacti cacti and some grocery stores in Pennsylvania. So I think you're you're right that using those institutions that are available, especially in the Western Hemisphere for for cooperation on these types of productive species is really useful. I see we have Leo with his hand raised. Hello. Good to see everyone and meet some new folks calling in from what they call California eco camp Cody. And in this kind of open time of the talk I would like to pitch our event. We're having an event this weekend it's a fire mimicry event and it. It's a traditional ecological knowledge event. And the mobile kitchen is going to be there we're going to have a this giant solar oven and mobile Cobb pizza oven and bio gas, and we're going to be cooking with solar power and biodiesel power and bicycle power. And I'm excited about all those things and that's not even what the course is about but how we can return some of the California landscapes back to a place where fires wouldn't be so catastrophic and how we can leverage our agency and hopefully be informed by the indigenous folks and their wisdom of how we can do that in a good way. So it's looking like maybe something like 50 people will be there and if you're in the area. Come by and I'll put the link in the chat. Oh, looks like Kath is on it. Thank you, Kath. Yay, good to see everyone. We're working in three short days so we're sure you're doing a lot of coordination. Yeah. Bye for. Yeah, love what you guys are working on that eco camp priority. Anyone else want to jump in. Well it's great to see that we have all of these cool projects coming up. All of these independent efforts where people are really understanding the context of where they're working with the communities that they're working in. What the priorities are for working with diverse types of species of plants and really understanding how those plants and the ecosystem functions on the landscape can work together.  If you would like to have the last word. Okay, great. In that case, I think we'll, we'll conclude our conversation for today. I'll just say, thanks to everybody. I've got another 15 hours to go so I better get on the road. Great. I think we have a really interesting comment in the chat by Marielle Bueno Cordero, talking a little bit more about, you know, these questions around native species and how we integrate those and prioritize as native species and productive species in a different landscape that's resilient for some of the climate changes that we're seeing that for the people and the communities that are part of those landscapes and as well as the biodiversity. So I just wanted to thank everyone for joining us and particularly thank you Meno for taking time from your project to share what you're doing. I'm excited to see this work grow and to support more diverse agricultural and conservation landscapes in Bolivia. And we hope to have you back here again soon. And thank you everybody. Thank you again and thank you everyone who has been there. It was nice to be talking and to listening as well. And thanks for all your efforts into the ERC. Thank you so much. You guys have a wonderful day and we will see you next month with the ecosystem restoration camp in the Netherlands. Be well. Bye. Bye-bye. Thank you. Thank you.


Here's two more ways to make money as an artist. Having your own proprietary website is a must as an artist because nobody is going to receive a commission off of your art should you sell it. It's also really good to build your email list because that's what enables you to have communication with all the people who have said that they're interested in your art. A lot of people need to talk to you so that they're comfortable with giving their money to you. And you should have sort of a range of prices, so small work, big work, stuff that doesn't cost very much, stuff that might cost a little bit more, because you never know who's out there and who's willing to buy. Sell your art through art shows. There are a few advantages to doing this. One, you'll get a ton of exposure. Two, you're going to get some free marketing from the organizers of the art show. Three, you're going to build your email list. And four, you might just make some sales. And art shows are really good because not everybody feels comfortable walking into an art gallery, but people do tend to like showing up to art shows again for something to do.


On the fifth day of Christmas, my true love gave to you me peppermint candy balls. Okay, you might want to work on that last note, and your listening skills go away.


There will be stronger and harder blows to Crimea. The fools in the Kremlin must understand. Igor Girkin, a former Federal Security Service officer who once led a group of Russian militants in Donetsk, reacted to a new explosion on the Crimean Bridge. I have nothing to add to what I wrote after the last attack on the Crimean Bridge. They will hit more. More, further, harder, until the amazing idiots in the Kremlin realize that there will be no agreements, that the partners will not understand and forgive them, and that the war must be won, he wrote. It should be noted that on his Telegram channel, Vladimir Konstantinov, head of the State Council of the Republic of Crimea, blamed the damage to the bridge on a Ukrainian attack. The Crimean Bridge, the only link between the annexed peninsula and Russia, has suffered damage to its spans, Russia's Transport Ministry said. There is damage to the roadway on spans of the Crimean Bridge, the Transport Ministry said. The governor of Russia's Belgorod region, Vyacheslav Gladkov, confirmed that two people were killed and a third person was injured in the incident. Ukrainian Pravda Media Outlet sources have reported that the night attack on the Crimean Bridge was a special operation by the Security Service of Ukraine and Naval Forces. Ukraine's Security Service and the Naval Forces of Ukraine were involved in the blowing up of the Crimean Bridge at night, sources said. The bridge was attacked using surface drones. The nearly 12-mile-long bridge, also known as the Kersh Bridge, is the longest in Europe and carries both road and rail traffic.