So Canada is on full-blown collapse mode, full-blown collapse mode. Like you should see it here. Two years ago, you had the Prime Minister of Canada, Trudeau, right, telling people to put expenses on renovations on their homes on their credit cards, right? Credit cards where you pay 20 to 30 percent interest, right? Moronic, to say the least, right? He was talking and he said, yes, you should spend money, put it on, put renovations on your house, on your credit card, because that raises the value of your house. So you're worth more, right? Anybody that took advice from this moron, it's probably bankrupt right now, right? Right now in Canada, there are people that have mortgages on houses that are underwater, worth less than what they paid for, right? That are sitting on mortgages of 10 percent, 10 percent mortgage, right? They're fucked, literally, they're screwed, right? And this is just the beginning of the economic collapse, demise of Canada. It's gonna go through some serious hard times. Why? Well, because we had moronic leaders, elected leaders, and majority of the population in Canada, they've gone through centralized indoctrination centers and they're morons themselves, right? They have zero, zero financial knowledge. Okay, how do I know this? Because I've talked to people. I live here. I know what the education system is. They have no understanding of economics. They have no understanding of geopolitics. They allowed monsters to run amok and we're about to pay the price for it. Okay, so be it. So be it. Crummy VCR millions took advice, has advice, yeah? Yeah.


Dear students, I welcome you in the course of leadership, emotional intelligence and the CN making. This is module number one double two and we are going to talk about balance the load. When we talk about balancing the load that is basically meaning that we are there to create a balance between the relationships, the connections and the energies and the harmony because balance is the essence of creating leadership perspective and unless and until we are not creating the balance it would be difficult for us to manage the situation. When we talk about balance and particularly when we talk about emotional intelligence remember that empathy as a component of emotional intelligence is basically there to build the relationships and we have to care about other people, we have to see what are their needs and wants, we have to see what do they feel and for that obviously we have to put ourself in their shoe so that we could understand their viewpoint, their perspective. But remember that sometimes if we are coming up with too much empathy it might be hurting the people, it might be hurting yourself as well because that is basically there to damage the relationships. Why? Because sometimes as we discussed that there is a sin in sincerity. Sometimes our too much empathy is creating a lot of dependence and the dependence is going to backfire. Remember another thing when we talk about emotional intelligence that listening is a good thing but sometimes over listening creates a lot of burden and stress on the person who is listening because the person who is sharing with you is not capable that he can do his own work, he can do his own work so he would or she would be always only depending upon you. So remember that listening is good but over listening is sometimes creating stress and burden. Same way when we talk about emotional intelligence remember it is not going to be a magic. We have to focus upon what is required and for that matter keep in mind that don't ever go for hard work always try to go for smart work because smart work is better able to generate the results and as we know the smart would mean that we have to be mayourable, specific, attainable, realistic and time-friend so that is basically the smart orientation. Another important thing is that we have to plan within our authority that we are going to delegate and rule. By delegating you are actually empowering the other people and through that empowerment the people would be better able to demonstrate how much they can contribute. Same way when we are talking about emotional intelligence remember one thing that empathy should not result in stress and anxiety because if you are showing your empathy with a lot of concern and that concern is even creating a burden for the other person so that should be something which needs to be checked. Another important thing is that empathy does not mean your self-exploitation that you are there to support and help other people you are not there to be exploited or agar aap ki exploitation ho rahi hai to that means ke aap apni empathy ko control vo nahin kar sak rahi ho. Another important thing is that we have to learn to differentiate between empathy, sympathy and apathy because remember that when we talk about sympathy in particular yeh ek negative connotation ka word hai aur sympathy uswakat hoti yeh hum dhirdi uswakat hoti yeh when there is something bad going on.  So hume logon se pehle empathy kar le nahin chahiye bhajaya iske ke hum srf sympathy un ke saath wo uska relationship wo establish karein. Another important thing is that for that whole concern of empathy and social intelligence and emotional intelligence we have to remember the four way wins. The four ways which we talked about the north south east rest of our life which are basically your home and family, your working life and profession, your community and yourself. So remember we have to create a four way win. We have to create an environment with the stakeholders where there is a balance because without that balance it would be difficult for us to maintain a proper connection and relationships. Dear students, agar hum apni sari baat ko conclude karein to yad rakhye ga, ke empathy is a very important thing in social and emotional intelligence, lekin empathy ko bhi control karna aana chahiye because exaggeration of anything is going to create a bad result. So we have to take care of the people and we also have to make them realize that at one day they have to stand on their own feet.


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All right another quick tip that came up this week was I went to I've upgraded the studio I'm act is now on Monterey and The upgrade quite frankly could not have gone any more smoothly like all I did was do the upgrade and It was like yeah, everything just works. It's great Like I didn't even I remember when you did yours your some of your audio devices got re enumerated or whatever John I didn't I mean I checked because I knew that that had happened to you that didn't even happen to me super smooth I mean he says podcasting actively and not knocking on wood yet, but I will so But I did notice that On this machine X code Would not upgrade and it wouldn't upgrade because it was saying that I had no free space It was like well, I mean I Okay, why and I looked and it was like that classic scenario of okay of the one terabyte drive that I have on this machine I can see about six hundred gigs used and then what's happening to the rest so I decided to go and look at my snapshots on in carbon copy cloner and Sure enough so on carbon copy cloner you go to volumes You go to the slash there the dash data volume of whatever You know, whatever your boot volume is and And then go to snapshots not related tasks and here you can see all of the all of the snapshots that exist on your On your drive you're not going to see them on the non data volume I guess I guess there might be some there, but I don't think so I don't think they have the the ability to to see those but they do get to see them on the data volume and the the way that it There's an interesting thing because you'll see snapshots for Time machine, but then you'll also see snapshots for Things like that carbon copy cloner has put out there or things that you have manually put out there, right? And it will start to it will when you pull this screen up It takes a minute and then it will show you the size of each of these you can go in and delete them from here Which is huge in carbon copy cloner But the interesting part was at the bottom of the screen where you get to control the expiration policies for carbon copy cloner snapshots and I noticed that my drive had 30 gigs free And it has always had 30 gigs free for months like since Xcode wouldn't update No, I don't do any real development on this machine so it didn't matter to me, but it was sort of a you know a thing that niggled at my brain and Sure enough. I looked and the free space requirement on carbon copy cloner settings was 50 gigs or 30 gigs I've now changed it to 50 because you know, I wanted to have more but You can you can set how it expires snapshots including time machine snapshots And then also what the minimum free space is that you would set for for it to you know erase until it gets you to that point and that's why I was sitting at At 30 gigs because that's evidently what it was set to by default Once the sizes come up on your screen for all the snapshots you can sort them by size and Start to see okay What are the ones that are taking up? You know all the space for me here and I had some on this machine John that were like, you know 12 gigs, you know 15 gigs worth of snapshots and so I was like alright Well, let's get rid of those and you know and now I think I've got I don't know what it's telling me I've got 140 gigs free, but it but carbon copy cloner I'll tell you you know for example on this machine. I've got 220 gigs used just from snapshots You can also see snapshots now in disc utility But you don't have quite the same ability to manage them. So just for what it's worth pretty interesting though, huh? Anybody am I alone here? Sure. Hello. Yeah, cool. Great. That's awesome. I'm gonna play with that later. Yeah I know I know the problem was I put something on the screen and so I you know I'm wondering talking about it, but I have two nerds with me that are looking at a screen being like, oh, what's this interface? I Understand why you were silent, but yeah Alright, so that is that that's that's how I would manage snapshots these days And it's a good place to look especially if you're having that issue where you know the volume is just Unexplicably full


To differentiate between borderline personality disorder and insecurity, we should first understand what borderline personality disorder is. The American Psychological Association defines borderline personality disorder, or BPD, as a condition with a long-lasting pattern of instability and mood, interpersonal relationships, and self-image so severe that it causes extreme distress or interference with life and work. As stated in the DSM-5, this condition has different manifestations. Some common ones include engaging in self-damaging behavior, uncontrollable temper outbursts, and uncertainty in self-image. It can also manifest itself as chronic feelings of emptiness, boredom, or depression. An article published in Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience in 2011 mentioned the discrepancies in borderline personality disorder diagnosis. Because of gender norms, borderline personality disorders are often overlooked in males and seen as a condition that mainly affects women. However, it is estimated that 1.6% of adults in the US will or have experienced BPD. So how is this familiar to feelings of insecurity? Insecurity and BPD can overlap. Insecurity usually involves deep feelings of inadequacy and lack of self-confidence that is accompanied by general uncertainty and anxiety. These symptoms are sometimes found in people who experience BPD, hence the confusion between the two. However, there is a type of borderline personality disorder that does not show typical manifestations and can easily be confused with insecurity. Contributing Forbes author Lisey Dzynski-Goodman explained quiet borderline personality disorder. Although it is not officially recognized as a separate condition, it is considered a subtype of BPD, first identified by Dr. Theodore Millian. Subtype BPD sometimes referred to as Discouraged BPD exhibits symptoms that are very similar to insecurity, for example, fear of abandonment, unstable relationships, instability and insecure self-image, intense mood swings, stress-related paranoia. Additionally, both conditions present similar attributes like intense clinginess, dependent or avoidant tendencies, and feelings of powerlessness. Because of the similarities between insecurity and discouraged BPD, a misdiagnosis can occur. With all these similarities, how can you tell if it's BPD and not insecurity? The difference between the both conditions lies in the cause of the condition, though they have similar symptoms. A key characteristic of insecurity is a general lack of self-confidence. With BPD, insecurity and lack of self-confidence tend to accompany other symptoms and are not the only ones. Typically, insecurity is unpredictable and stems from an insecure parental attachment that bleeds into intra and interpersonal relationships. It isn't a persistent feeling, but rather a feeling that is triggered by an event or circumstance, for example, a traumatic loss or crisis. On the other hand, with BPD, there is a certain element of predictability. In fact, it is part of the criteria in its diagnosis. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by a prolonged pattern of instability, whereas insecurity is dependent on the duration of the external factors. Additionally, discouraged BPD can stem from a traumatic childhood experience, brain development issues, or abnormal serotonin levels. Another key difference between insecurity and BPD is triggering factors. Insecurity is a general feeling that sometimes persists because of a crisis or trauma. It is more of a state and isn't triggered by an external factor, though it may be caused by one. Even personality disorder has triggers. These usually fall under three categories, loss or rejection, intrusive thoughts, and relationship issues. Despite their similarities, these conditions are treated differently. While both conditions benefit from therapy, BPD is often treated with dialectical behavioral therapy or DBT, which focuses on treating emotional dysregulation, stress regulation, and interpersonal relationships. Condition for BPD can sometimes include mentalization-based therapy, or MBT, which helps participants better understand and empathize with the emotions of people around them. Insecurity usually benefits from cognitive behavioral therapy, which aims to help someone address negative self-talk and their feelings of inadequacy. Journaling and talking through their insecurities can also be beneficial for people with insecurity. We hope this video has helped you understand the differences between these two conditions. Please let us know in the comments if you found this helpful, and don't forget to like and subscribe to our channel. Until next time, thanks for watching, and remember, you matter.


Na ono, tu pale Facebook, we have Nancy Oganasema show. It's so lit and big up DJ Raji's as usual. And then we have Monica from Kenyaga County, all the way representing. Asema, she wants the new jam by Nicki Minaj to be played Raji's. Which song is that? I know Megatron. I saw the video, it is explicit and we can still do it, right? Clean version. And then we have, okay, we will continue sampling more of your comments and your requests. Make sure they still come through. Got to see if DJ Raji's on the decks. My name is Michelle Ashera. And you can equally follow me on cross-home, so show me the platform that is at Michelle Ashera. So in studio now we have an artist, he's very much young. And he'll be telling us about his musical journey and he has a new jam known as Path, Path, Path. He's equally going to speak more of that 12 month. I was about to say 12, like 12 disciples. Welcome to our studios. Thank you very much. We are very much appreciated that you came through. So reach out to camera for if I've missed out on something in the intro apart from you being an artist. This is your time to shine. And people back at home to know who you are. Yes. So I go by the name 12 Monter. I'm from Eldoret, home of champions. Eldoret is in Wasingisha County. Wasingisha County. Okay, so you're representing? Yes. Tell us more about your music. It's more of trap. Yeah, trap music. So you're generally doing trap music? Yeah. Okay, tell us more about...  Or are you looking for to vibe to other genre? You know, young people are actually listening to trap music equally. So they're different genres of hip-hop. Yes, yes. What exactly are you doing? So I do, actually I just do trap music. Yeah, I don't do any other thing. It's just trap music. That's my life. That's your life? Yeah, that's my life. Okay, speak about trap music. We have people who think or rather there's a notion that trap music in a content. What do you think about that? Okay, first what I can say about content is those guys were saying that a trap in a content, I think maybe for them they have to find something else. Because actually if you can't find content on something, that means that thing is not made for you. Oh, so you just have to find for something that will suit you. Another genre. Yeah. So you talk about trap being life for you. What has been, what was life before music or what is life with music? Life before music firstly what I can say is I didn't know I can be here. I didn't know I can be a musician. Yeah, because you know when I was young I was like, you know when everyone is young there is that dream. When you want to grow up you want to be a pilot or something. So for me I had a dream of becoming a pilot first. And then as DJs come say at some place I became a DJ at the first. Okay. Yeah, I started as a DJ. DJs who hold up, what was your street name? My street name they used to call me DJ Python. DJ Python? Yeah, I was still young by then. I was in Fomon. Oh, okay. Yeah, but I started as a DJ. I had a laptop. I used to use some app it was called Virtual DJ. So I think I started that way. Until one day as I was a DJ I started doing a MC. So I'm DJing. You're still the MC. And I'm still the MC. And that's how my journey has been through until I found myself into hip-hop. So as I was a DJ I used to do hip-hop. I used to DJ mostly hip-hop songs. And that's how I think I myself got into trap. Did you adjust? When did you start your... You started back in school? Just a little bit. I started back in school. How many years? We are getting it. We are getting it. So you started back in school? Yeah, we don't know your age. You're trying to get it. Just happy you are miyaka. To my lady, me nimze. So tell me about in your musical videos. In terms of your songs. First of all, even before you get into the aspect of videos. How do you get to write your music? Are you a writer in terms of being a storyteller while before you actually get to the studio? Or are you the kind of person who gets to the studio and just hype to the beats of a producer? Okay. First, what I can say is...  No, I don't. Actually, first of all, I always write my music using my phone. So anytime I go, I come through any beat and I feel the vibe, I'm just there typing. So it just flows. So I don't have the time of thinking, what should I write? It's not a poem, I'm writing a composition or something. I'm writing something that's coming out for me. It's something I'm expressing myself. I love writing about lifestyle, mostly. Because for me, I'm into... I was about to ask if whatever you speak of in your music is it your real life? Yeah, that's my real life. So you live a lavish life the way you state on your single. Yeah, sure. So that's your lifestyle? Yeah, that's my lifestyle. That's a monta from Monday to Monday? Yeah, that's me. How old are you again? I'm 20. Okay. So tell me about the inspiration of... I'm the J. I'm a J. At first, it started out from... Okay, you know, I started seeing... I'm the realist. I think in Africa, I think I can say... I haven't blown up yet, but according to me, I always do my music.   Okay, so what do you mean? You know it's a very morning show and you actually use it. Okay, sorry, sorry. What I'm trying to say is... Okay, I do Amaji. What inspired me to write Amaji? It's because at first I thought like... Amaji, like Amaji. I'm a real J. Yeah, I'm a J, man. No one can tell me anything to do. So I'm a J. So what should your target audience... What should they look forward to in terms of your music? Are you going to speak about just the lifestyle that you want or the lifestyle that you're living? That's just it. Okay, about my music, mostly I do write about the lifestyle I want and the lifestyle that I live. Okay. So tell me about the new single that we're here to... So like guys know that you'll release known as Paf Paf Pass. Uh-huh. And Trap has also been involved in all about drugs and everything. I don't know what your perception is and you can equally dive into that. So tell us more about Paf Paf Pass. Paf Paf Pass naturally personally? Okay, yeah. Okay, Paf Paf Pass actually. When I wrote down the song, my target audience was actually overseas. Oh, you target overseas? Yes, overseas. Because in Kenya there are some things they don't allow. Okay, so how... Your target market is overseas? Overseas, yeah. That's my target market actually. Do you think you should let people back... we should access people back at home fast before you take the bus? Yeah, yeah, that's what I'm doing right currently. That's what I'm doing. Okay, so but Paf Paf Pass is basically for the market? For the market, yeah. Because in Kenya actually, you know, they don't allow something like Kosh and stuff. So actually Paf Paf Pass I did write it because of those things, yeah. Kosh and yeah. That's still my lifestyle now. Okay, so let's talk about the producer behind it because the beats are amazing for this song. Yes, yes. Who is the producer behind the creating of the beats? The producer who did create for me who produced for me Paf Paf Pass is a producer from China. His name is Benny Hanna Boy. Okay. Yes. So you bought your beats online? Yes, yes. That's what I do. All of your... All of my beats I do get them online but for my first music, Amaji, some of my nigger from Rungai, yeah, did that. Yeah, I looked out your Instagram account and there's a time we were mentioning about an irritating experience with the producer when it comes to music. Oh, yes, yes. Okay, I've also had challenges because okay, you can walk to some producers and then they start underwriting someone because maybe you're an upcoming artist. Yeah, and then the fact is that I'm doing hip-hop.  What do you mean by Kenyan hip-hop? Kenyan hip-hop, you know, these are... these new wave of people like Ethic. You mean Shrapia? So for me I don't do like that.  So maybe the producer isn't interested but he doesn't want to tell you. Okay. So instead someone just wants money and disappears. Oh, do you have any other new projects coming up apart from this one that you were speaking of? Yes, I'm actually working on a new music by the name Bad Thing. I was actually thinking of doing a... Bad Thing. Bad Thing. Bad Thing. Do the Bad Thing. Oh, do the Bad Thing? Yeah, I think I'll be dropping it before the end of this month. Yeah, I'm also thinking of working with calligraph very soon. Oh, alright. Yes. So you've reached out to him and all the... I'm still working on that. No, you're still working on that. Yeah, I'm still working on that. So apart from any... apart from music, are you in school because you're very young? No. I just do music. Yeah, I focus in music. Do you have a support system that actually ensures that Tugmont is focused in doing his thing when he comes to trap music? What do you mean by a... Like a support system because when in music you can just be a music learner of the marketing. The marketers. Actually, I don't market myself on YouTube. There are those platforms which you pay them. So that's what I use. Actually, right now I have only one manager by the name Victor. Yeah, that's the support system now. So that's the only person who has supported me and maybe my mama. And your mother... Yeah, my mother actually. And what does she think about the videos in your music? She believes in my dreams. She believes in my dreams. That's the strongest thing, I think. And that's the happiest thing, I think. Actually, when a musician for me I can get it. And she equally invests in your music? She actually invests in my music. Okay, there you have it, Tugmont. And before we actually play his music I'll give you this particular time to introduce the song. Remember, you can find us at Y244 channel across our social media platform. On Instagram, that is Y244 underscore channel. You can reach out to me at michelleashira. So make sure you don't touch that dial because Tugmont will be giving you his social media handles and also introducing his jam and Barrymo will be coming up with one heavy FMC. So we no further do Y244, introduce the jam. You can give us a social media handle so people can actually reach out to you when you're introducing the song. Okay, so Instagram, you can find me at 12monter. Follow me there. And then on Twitter, 12youngmonter. YouTube, 12monter. Subscribe to my channel and Facebook, the same. 12monter, yeah. Okay, introduce your jam. Yeah. Okay. Introduce your song so we can... Pa-pa-pas. Yeah.


So, our next speaker is Richard, who has one of these bright yellow shirts, which means he's going to have an extra applaud afterwards for all his volunteering work, making this conference come true. For those who just entered the room, after the presentation, there will be a Q&A, and please remain seated, otherwise there's not possible for the speaker to hear questions or talk at all. So please respect the speaker afterwards and remain seated until the presentation is completely done. And that's it. Feel free. Thank you. Mike Tess, you can hear me okay in the back? Cool. Okay. So, I'm Richard. I do a lot of things, and I came here to talk about observability. It's going to be, those of you who are here when I opened the deaf room, it's like two different angles to the story, which Jana and me do, but it's basically the same message just from totally different angles. So let's start with a few definitions. A buzzword is something which may have been useful at some point, and then everyone starts using it, and it loses this original meaning. And this just kind of, it becomes untangible at the fringes of the usage of this word. It may revert to usefulness or it must just be put in a dustbin of IT and of history. There's a very important concept called cargo culting. Who has ever heard of cargo culting? That's way too few. So basically what's happened is during World War II, villagers observed that when the US Marines were building runways for planes or they were building large fires, the gods dropped stuff from heaven. So obviously they wanted to have stuff from heaven as well, of course it was nice stuff. So what they would do, they would start to build runways of their own. They would start to build little towers next to the runway. They would have large fires in the hopes of pleasing the gods and making the gods drop more cargo. So they observed behavior and they tried to recreate the effects of this behavior, but they completely failed to understand why this behavior happened and what was underlying of this behavior. And we have this way too often in our industry and we way too often just copy something someone else did, of course it kind of works, but it doesn't work for us. So be aware of this. Then we have monitoring, it's, I mean the staff room is called monitor and observability. I like this word, but it's totally overused. And it came to mean at least like the lowest common denominator of just collecting random stuff because then you would be doing monitoring and as long as you collect you don't have to actually do anything with it. And you can tell your boss, yeah, we do monitoring and stuff is still on fire, who cares. But I have monitoring. So this is not the right way to approach this. Those of you who have heard of a data lake, that's basically just toss all data in this place and if we need it we can search, which works to some extent, but it would be nicer to actually have a purpose when doing this. Then we have observability itself, which is basically a function where you can observe, understand and act on a system how it behaves. Or if you want to go on mathematical, it's basically you observe the inputs, you observe the outputs and you can make deductions on the internal state of that black box just by looking at inputs and outputs and that is something which makes it observable in the mathematical state. So we're done. Thank you very much for your time and if you have questions. There's more to it. There's quite a bit more to it. But this is like, this is this weird story which, yeah, so we go through several things here and these are the learnings which I hope to enable you to take away from here. The baseline of monitoring, what monitoring data you have, what types of complexity exist, how you contain it, what service contracts and all these things are stacking services and bring it all together with a few BCPs as in best current practices. So monitoring is the bad work of everything in IT. You need power, you need cooling, you need network and that's about it and you need monitoring or something to make you able to debug your systems. Everything else you can fix but this is what you need. And as the old SRE saying goes, hope is not a strategy. So you should have kind of a plan. And actually hope it's not a strategy is even older. I think it also comes from World War II. So if you just do stuff because it worked somewhere else and you hope it might also work for you, that is cargo culting.  But if you're not actually understanding what you do, this is exactly the same what you're doing. Because you need to understand what you're doing and why you're doing it. If you look at ISO 9001 and 200001, those things are being ridiculed in the industry for many good reasons. But at the core, someone wants to make other people write good documentation, have processes which are repeatable, automatable, blah, blah, blah. All the things we talk about in IT, other people try to do in corporate. So, but it doesn't just work to say, okay, this is where I want to end up and have fun with it. I need to know how to get there. And now let's delve into how I can understand it. If we talk about monitoring, if we talk about signals, if we talk about observability, we have roughly two types of things. We have metrics, which are more or less stuff changing over time and how it develops over time. And I have events which are information at a specific point in time. There is tons of more stuff, but really broadly speaking, this is a good concept to just know which you want to use in what situation. Looking at metrics, this is numeric data, which is nice. You can have counters, things go up, interface counters, network speeds, network transmitted packets, whatever. You can have gorges, temperature in my data center or of my laptop. Or I can have also Booleans, which are a special case of gorges. They just are alert, yes, no. And I can have histograms and percentiles, which give me distributions of what is happening. It might be a latency, it might be interface usage, it might be whatever. If you see the heat map, that is the tangible result of having those. Counters and histograms, most often lose data, which is fine.  But to make it easier to handle, generally speaking, metrics are really easy or relatively easy to handle at huge scales. And one of the very best things about them, you can do actual math. And if you have something which does vector math on it, even better. Then you've got logs. Classically speaking, syslog, you have text items. And I don't know how many of you know that there is this whole spec of how to define syslog, what fields you need. Someone really put work into this.  No one actually follows those principles. Most of you will not even know that they are really existing. So this is in-light metadata, even if that's in there.  And you can summarize those, which is doing something about it. To just put this back into numbers you can work with. Tom will talk about this later, where he will show Loki. And you see all those little graphs, which are auto-generated from events. And this is just a really nice quick step to jump between stuff. You've got traces, which basically go through your execution path of your program. It might be a single program. It might be 10,000 microservices, who cares. The point is, you see how you get through a program, where you jump to different functions or different microservices. You can see where you really spend a lot of time. You might have some hot paths, which you want to optimize more or something. Sometimes they're not that great if you have certain races and such. Of course, they might give you the wrong initial answer. So you need to be kind of careful. As Janna said, they tend to be expensive. So they're either disabled by default, or just sampled every 10K, every 100K, every millionth sample is taken, or traces taken, everything else is thrown away and not even taken. Then you've got dumps. That is when your program hits the wall. And this is also really, really useful to have. Of course, obviously, this is the last breath of your program. So you want to know what exploded, how it exploded, and how you can keep it from exploding in the future. And at scale, you will have things exploding left and right. So now that we reiterated it, because most of what I've said, you kind of knew, but still it makes sense to actively go through this and really think about it and really make yourself aware of why you're doing something. So metrics are usually the first point of entry into your own observability story into whatever. By the way, you can take pictures as much as you want, but I'm also putting those slides on the internet. But you can also take pictures as fine. So those are usually the first entry into your stuff. And you should be using them for alerts, for dashboards, for exploration into your data to see, okay, this thing happened, how did my load on that other cluster change, or whatever. Then you've got logs, which are really useful once you have a rough idea of what you're looking at. You can do, obviously, you need good time in your network and in your services, but if you have good time, then you can establish a detailed order of events of what happened when, maybe something exploded and then another thing exploded and this allows you to actually go down there and drill down. It's also really, really important if you have any legal requirements to do due diligence, user data access, all these kinds of things like which of your co-workers access the private address of that other person, blah, blah, blah. These are things where logs are also really, really useful and you would need to persist them for ages, but depends on your restriction, but you should be thinking about this. Traces and dumps are basically useful to understand either how the whole system works or specific components which you're currently interested in. So this is roughly how your debugging story should usually go when you have some issue. Obviously you need to have this data as well and this is again what we're talking about, to make you think about what you need to solve those issues. So we have complexity, one of the great words of our business.  Of course, face it if you want to have, I don't know, a simple webpage where you can do appointments. Chances are you can start with a monolith, you can even do CGI bin. You do not need your own Kubernetes cluster with 10,000 microservices, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. If you scale out, you need this complexity, but if it's really simple use case, you might not need this. You might be over-engineering a process where you have 10,000 messages sent around for one single thing. So this is fake complexity. Fake complexity comes from people trying to feel important or not just understanding what they do or designed by committee. All these things might happen and you should do away with this complexity. But then you also have system inherent complexity. I'm wriggling my mouse. This is hugely complex.  But here I have a touchpad which senses by electricity that I'm touching it. This goes into my hardware, it goes into my unix, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. At some point this beamer says, okay, hey, I can show this. So this is really, really, really complex when you really think about it. But this is system inherent. You cannot do away with this all complexity. You kind of need to have it for the system to function. So as I just said, and now I have this complexity which I cannot do away with. I have killed all the other, but I have my remaining complexity. This is what I actually want to do with my system. So I cannot get rid of it, but I can make small little packages of complexity to just try and shove it into specific corners where there are distinct problems and I have defined interfaces between those problems. So we are at services. Another thing which people always talk about but not really think about. A service in this definition is anything someone else really depends upon. It doesn't matter if it's even yourself. It might be a customer. It might be a different team. It might be your boss. Again, it might be yourself. It does not matter, but this is something relatively well-contained which you can use as something. So there's tons of names for this delineations. You have layers, you have APIs. Doesn't matter. These are basically service delineations between different types or different chunks of service of different chunks of complexity. I like to call these interfaces contracts for a very simple reason. We'll see it in two slides. So I have my services. And even if I take a relatively simple example of just wanting an HTTP service to listen on the internet, I have tons of stuff underlying. We have my network. I have my QBlitz. I have my whatever. I have my microservices. All these basically built that site. So if I were to now just pull something out from under this tower of services, things would just topple over. And this is why I like to speak of this as contracts because contracts imply a firm long-term committed which has been agreed upon between all relevant parties and they actually consciously agreed that yes, we will be doing this exactly in this way and we will not be changing it unless we talk about it first. If you have your cell phone and you're paying for data, you do not expect your cell phone provider to just go, well, we cancel it because reasons. This is a contract. They have to reliably provide that service. And this is why I like that term. It changes how you think about this. And again, this is what this talk is about. So we had layers in the previous talk just now. And this is another really good name for it. And imagine if someone simply changed how IP works. Imagine if someone took those 32-bit things and made 128-bit things out of them. I mean, you're at the conference where we were the first non-networking conference where we defaulted to IPv6 only, where we defaulted to having net64 to push all the developers to really get their stuff running on IPv6. IPv6 was specified in the 90s. And so it's three decades now, roughly, and we're still not done. This is how when you have a really well-working service delineation, how long this can run. And you internalize this, but you don't really think about it. So why do we agree? And I took ahead of that slide because we internalized that it's good practice to contain this complexity. And a lot of the services and things you buy have this built in. So you should also be building this and contain your complexity into manageable chunks. CPUs, we trust CPUs. Well, if you read the topic, maybe not so much, but the thing is we trust CPUs at a basic level and they have a relatively well-defined interface. So we just know we can compile code against our operating system, which is running on a certain CPU, blah, blah, blah, and it works. A CPU is incredibly complex. I'm certain if I started studying now, I would not really ever fully understand what a CPU does. And most of you neither. Still, we trust it, we use it, and we don't even think about it. Some of us, if you have a random cloud service, you might be using tens of thousands of CPU cores. And you don't think about those compartments of complexity. So switching over to the actual topic of this talk, because all the other things were just pre-empt to get you to think about what is underlying of this. Same as I don't care about what gate I am at, as long as I have a working gate or a seat in my plane. Customers care about their services being up. They don't care about other components. You have to discern between the primary stuff, which is service relevant and everything else. You have to have signals for this one thing is exploding, but unless it's customer impacting or imminently customer impacting, you should not actually page people and wake someone up. Of course, it's a really useful signal once you start debugging. It's a really useful signal when you are there during business hours and trying to fix stuff, but it's not something which is really truly urgent. Anything customer facing or impacting is really, really urgent. So you probably guessed that one. These service delineations are there to contain complexity. So a different definition of Baron Schwartz. Monitoring tells you whether something works or not, like pretty much a binary state. Observability allows you to ask questions about why it's not working. But it's all just names. The important stuff is the concept which you have in your head, hopefully, by now. So observability in my mind is nothing you can ever really achieve. It is always something you chase. You have a moonshot and you try to get there to really, really have true observability and everything you do on the way is already good. And again, it's about mindset. So best current practices. Every outage you have gets a blame-free and I mean blame-free post mortem. You can say an engineer did X. You can even say that person did X.  So this is really, really important to establish trust. Because if you don't have the trust that you will not be blamed, you will not be fully open about what happened during the outage. So this needs to be blame-free. And it's always a good point when you do a post mortem to look at your SLIs and SLOs as in service level indicators, service level objects. Are they still useful? Should we have different ones to maybe be quicker next time? Can we even cut off some data collection? Thank you. And once you have that, you link services in your dashboards. So it makes really easy to jump between parts of your services to understand the whole picture. You can also build overviews. And if you have really truly important stuff about the underlying services, surface this to the other service owners. Of course, they need this context of, hey, this other thing is exploding. If possible, don't do black box stuff. I mean, also do black box stuff like is this working for my customer? But it should not be the end goal. The end goal should be that you actually manage to do something in your system to instrument your code to really, really get into the code.  And in like two months, you can still look, okay, do I need this counter? Was it useful? Was it not useful? But by doing this, you're building up data while you're looking at your stuff and think, like, maybe that would be useful. And especially in networking space, which is where I initially come from, this might mean that you need a conditional PO and you just force your vendors to, I need to have signal X out of that box. And unless you give me a signal X, I will not be buying those boxes. Now, if you collect tons and tons more data because you put all those counters instead of debug statements, blah, blah, blah, you have a lot more substance to work with. You should avoid having data lakes. You should have meaningful metadata attached to that data to your signals as early as possible. And obviously your tools must be able to handle this load. Of course, if your backend explodes because you're emitting more data, that is not very useful. And it's really important to choose tools which allow you to really, really work with the data to automate your processes, blah, blah, blah, and not just like dump it. Oh, no, last thing. So, as you hopefully know best how your services work, you are the people who can make this observability story. You start with the user, you end with the user. You ask, what critical path do my users have? What common and or critical path do I have during restoring service for that user? Of course, your own user or the other team might be your user as well while debugging your stuff to make it work again. What can you automate more? Does it make sense to introduce new service boundaries like pulling things apart? Those things used to be called functions, then they were called objects, now they're called microservices. The underlying concept is the same. And again, you stop with the user when is your user happy again?  Really good stuff, sometimes called rubber ducky debugging. Take someone, rubber ducky or some person and explain your service. Explain why something is important about it. Why do the users care about this or that part of the service? How do you make it good again if it's broken? These are the things which you should be explaining to someone who's not from the field. Of course, this forces you to think about all those internalized things which hopefully now you can think better about. Thank you very much. Questions? And please remain seated. Why do you have questions?  Any big service will have some form of multi-tenancy. So the scope of the service is not the same as the scope of the things built over the service. And you say it's right, you need to surface the good indicators from one service to the other services built over that. But there is no, there are no convention, no technical solution for doing this.  And then your clients, they build their own service over your service. And then they redo manually all these dashboarding and somewhere in all the layers. I know what you're saying, I know what your question is. So how, what do you propose to avoid losing the signal between the lower layer service and the, I don't know. So first, everyone who's talking, it's really loud up here. I know you're not aware, but we keep telling you, please be quiet, thank you very much. So the short version of the question is whatever your services are, those might not match perfectly onto the services which you're actually running. And the simple question is you need to break down into atomic services unless they're, you can't really reasonably get smaller than this for whatever you're doing. And then you build groups of services and those have a specific name, service. So you build services out of services and you have different delineations for different groups about that someone might need an API and someone might need Grafana. That's a different story. I mean, this is, you need to talk to people, you need to work out what works in your organization, what works with your customers, blah, blah, blah. That's a different thing and that's a human thing. So you just need to talk and to get the intentions, to get the requirements and then work from there. But the generic answer is you need to break down into atomic bits and pieces of services, which makes sense. And then you build larger services from those atoms again. And doing this consistently allows you to arrive at something which is pretty good to debug and pretty good to handle. But it's not magic, obviously. Anyone else? Thanks for your talk. There are lots of standards in IT industry like OCI initiative and some web standards. Do you know about any standards for monitoring? Standards for monitoring. Yes, I mean, there is a ton of stuff which kind of grew over time. I'm very biased, but I'm still giving the answer. I'm Prometheus' team and I really like Prometheus and Prometheus exploded in the space and the Prometheus exposition format is something of a defective standard. And it's the first real one, which we had ever since SNMP, which is why we took this and are trying to make this into real standards, which is called open metrics, to at least have something for a signal, for metrics. Once this is done, I'd like to also explore other types, especially events, probably locks first, but not quite certain. I don't know of anything else which is really a standard, except for SNMP, which sucks. Other questions, way in the back, I think, or no. Questions? Also just for the record, you're not so special that your chair does not bang. So if you enter or leave, just stay there for some time because it's really, really loud. So questions? Not quick. You talked about open metrics. When are we going to see it? Yeah, I know. So for the internet draft, this is blocking on me. I do have a pull request and this is on GitHub. You can look at it and that's what we have in ways of internet draft. You can also look at the Python library of Prometheus Climb Library, which already emits open metrics and is standards-compliant and current Prometheus also ingests standards-compliant open metrics. So you actually have something to test against. It'll take a few more months. Other questions? Okay, thank you very much.


I don't know if y'all still have your bulletins, but in there there's an outline and Just as kind of a preparation the title is Christ glorified in our reconciliation and perseverance And actually this is going to be split up into two parts so the second part will be a month from now So the perseverance aspect of this we won't get to tonight The plan tonight is to focus on Christ glorified in our reconciliation, which is the already In perseverance, there's the already and then there's the not yet and Those are not to be separated, but we're gonna look at one at a time Separated in our thoughts So if you if y'all just think back you don't have to look right here, but if you think back do y'all remember Well, I would like to say that I this is my first time up here and I have a different speech than a lot of people around here So please try to look beyond that and hear faithfully to God Sometimes I feel like Peter at the fire and people are like your speech betrays you, you know, but so but Okay After Adam had sinned Adam and Eve the Lord said I will put enmity between you and the woman and Then if you look in Revelation 21 This is the the furthest not yet that's coming This is the ultimate peace that God is going to bring And I wanted to call it to your memory In chapter 21 verse 1 now I saw a new heaven and a new earth for the first heaven and the first earth had passed away And there was no more sea Then I John saw the holy city new Jerusalem coming down out of heaven from God Prepared as a bride adorned for her husband And I heard a loud voice from heaven saying behold the tabernacle of God is with men And he will dwell with them and they shall be his people and God himself will be then with them and Be their God and God will wipe away every tear from their eyes. There should be no more death No, nor sorrow nor crying. There should be no more pain for the former things have passed away And then if you look in verse 24 and The nations of those who are saved Shall walk in its light and the kings of the earth bring their glory and honor into it Its gates shall not be shut at all by day There shall be no night there and they shall bring the glory and honor of the nations into it But there shall by no means enter it Enter it anything that defiles or causes an abomination or a lie But only those who are written in the Lamb's book of life So the reason why I read that tonight if you'll turn to Colossians I'll read tonight's text and then we'll proceed Chapter 1 verse 21 through 23 and You who once were alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works yet now he is reconciled in the body of his flesh through death To present you holy and blameless and above reproach in his sight If indeed you continue in the faith grounded and steadfast and are not moved away from the hope of the gospel Which you heard which was preached to every creature under heaven of which I Paul became a minister Reconciliation is the focus and the response should be assurance the salvation that God is has Ushered in for you if you are a repentant believer in Christ if you've been born again to Be bold in your assurance And If you think about it this text talks about it as a past tense and you look ahead to where we read in Revelation where we're going There's aspects of God's salvation that are finished, but there's much more to come so I Want to hopefully from this text encourage you and honor Christ By talking about the already aspect of this piece that God has brought Okay, so Colossians is Written let me get my notes here It's it was written to Do a few things there were some problems going in Colisee that were affecting their understanding of of how to live the Christian life even affecting the gospel in certain ways and Different men have a different takes on what the problem actually was you know, was it external was it internal? But The issue was I Believe it was within the church because if you look in chapter 2 verse 18 It says let no one cheat you of your reward taking delight in false humility and worship of angels and Truding into those things which he has not seen vainly puffed up by his fleshly mind. It's it's personal You when you read the problems it seems like It's a little intimate in the church and he's talking about a person or persons So based on that and there's also if people say it was narcissism, but with new understanding of narcissism, there's no Indication that one of narcissism's major tenants is in this and that is that there is no Discussion on matter being evil in this book. So So the problem what is it I think it's helps to know what the problem is It's likely a local folk belief tendency To call on angels for help and protection from evil spirits Attested by many inscriptions and ancient documents. There was one magical stone amulet that was found in that area It was and it said Michael Gabriel Oreo Raphael protect the one who wears this flee. Oh, hated one Solomon pursues you so If it is a person, it's likely a religious spiritual guide That has come up within the church and he's presenting himself that way But he's led by a sensuous mind which should be read in Verse 18 is fleshly mind And he probably claimed to have a superior insight into the spiritual realm He probably was advising Christians practice practice certain rights Taboos and rituals as a means of protection from evil spirits and deliverance from afflictions There's also a Judaistic teaching in here If you look in verse 11, you know in him You are also circumcised with a circumcision may without hands and then if you go down to 16 so let no one judge you in food or in drink regarding a festival a new moon and Sabbath. That's clearly Jewish So with these mixture of these errors And the way that it was influencing the people Epaphorus who is actually likely the founder of the church it wasn't Paul because this church was about about a hundred miles from Ephesus and It's a small town it used to be thriving got small when Paul was preaching in Ephesus and on his missionary journey he was in Ephesus and While he was there if you look in the axe He preached there for over two years and it's likely during that time Epaphorus visited of Ephesus got converted God saved him and he returned home and preached the gospel in Colisee which was actually kind of a small area small town and then many Multiple people got saved Jewish Jews Jews and Gentiles and then this problem comes up with the local folk belief in this spiritual guide so Epaphorus is Distraught you know like There's nothing more Discouraging I guess a temptation to be discouraged when you see people falling away or people being influenced by error And he being grieved or being very much concerned but unequipped to handle it went all the way to wrong where Paul was in prison Because he wanted Help or revelation on how to handle this if you look in Philemon Chapter verse 23 Epaphorus my fellow prisoner so Epaphorus likely got prison imprisoned when he was there and then what Paul did wrote this letter and sent it back to Colisee along with Philemon the letter Philemon and along with Ephesians and he sent someone else with Philippians Okay, so knowing that the focus of this letter is on Christ It's focusing on him being all in all him being supreme and Him being In the believer by union This these teachings this man or this it was going on in the church was devaluing Christ So Paul writes this letter to bring them To the remembrance of who Christ is and that he is all you need Okay immediate context Have to go quicker here. I'm killing a lot of my time our time sorry If you look in chapter 1 verse 15 He is the image of the invisible God The firstborn over all creation for by him all things were created. This is talking about the son of his love That are in heaven and that are on earth visible and invisible whether thrones or dominions or principalities or powers all things were Created through him and for him and he is before all things and in him all things consist and he is the head of the body The church who is the beginning the firstborn from the dead That in all things he may have the preeminence So he is supreme over a creation verse 15 and he's supreme over the church almost like the recreation and it's because For the purpose that he might have the preeminence the superiority the supremacy over all things and In verse 19 for it pleased the father that in him all the fullness should dwell That's the Godhead That's all the fullness of God should dwell in the body that Christ united to himself and By him to reconcile all things to himself by him So this is the father reconciling all things to himself by Jesus Christ Whether things on earth or things in heaven having made peace to the blood of his cross So we have this hymn and we have this attachment to the hymn that Christ is to be supreme over all that that's our purpose That's that's where we're going In in the glorification But then if for this letter for the Colossians who are having this very teachings and they're confused about how to live the Christian life they're confused about These angels that they're wondering do we call for them to get help for our problems? How are we protected? and In verse 21 Paul is reminding them That this work That Christ has done and will do has already begun with you He gets personal he says and you who once were alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works Yet now he is reconciled in the body of his flesh through death to present you holy blameless and above approach in his sight So now you have a bit of the context the first point is Or I would say the main point of all this is Christ is glorified when we God's former enemies are assured of our peace with him and persevere Christ is glorified when we God's former enemies are assured of our peace with him and persevere Point one remember you were a stranger and an enemy before your conversion You can see that in verse 21 and now you who once were alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works yet Now he is reconciled. Well, that's not even a sentence Or an independent statement. It's it's it's actually linked to the main verb, which is reconciled And the point is is it's the it's the object of The subject God reconciles you so in English that will come at the end of a sentence But Paul's putting it at the beginning so that you will remember so that we will remember That we were once wicked and strangers If You will look if you remember in Ezekiel 36 God said in the new covenant that in the many promises that he was going to fulfill one of those is that he said you will remember your wicked ways and You will loathe yourselves in your own sight And I don't do this for your sake alone. It's for God's glory and The emphasis isn't on our wickedness here or even even though that's brought out in the text This is like kind of like a black canvas where you can see the bright star of God It's giving a background to Show the contrast of the glory of God in our reconciliation look who he reconciled Look who it is that God is reconciling to himself and if you will look in Psalm 58 Actually, I'm sorry. We don't have time so if you go to just Matthew 5 since the original sin sin that Has come to us through by nature and since the the guilt of Adam sin that has been imputed or credited to us all We are born Godless we're born idolaters and we're born strangers of God. We're born Aliens We don't belong with God. We don't want to have anything to do with God and If I want to demonstrate something If you look in Matthew 5 verse 23 Therefore if you bring your gift to the altar and there remember that your brother has something against you Leave your gift there before the altar and go your way first be reconciled to your brother and then come and offer your gift So we have reconciliation here, but what's the point of why why am I going here? Well? Think about this case if I'm at the altar and I'm gonna go pray and God says if you remember That Your brother has something against you You don't just change your attitude and keep giving your gift There's something between you you need to go deal with that be reconciled to him then give your gift and what that what that teaches is With the the offense there's a wall There's a ground for this separation that has occurred and it's the same way with us with God There is something between us and God. We're separated and We're aliens because of that separation We're also enemies Actually, the estrangement is because we're at enmity The problem between us and God is the hatred and then enmity is not just from us God is righteous and just and his enmity was towards us and Also something that's not brought out if you go back to Colossians in the in the in the English is the fact that Paul says Really I should say the spirit of God says about us That you were alienated and enemies in your mind by wicked works Well, what's not brought out there is the continuous aspect of this I Notice that when we asked the way I used to think I remember being lost I just thought I had done some bad things and I needed to do a little bit better And you know that when you evangelize to people They'll think that oh, yeah, there's some bad things and I hope I get to heaven Our thinking about our sin and about who God is is Completely deceived We continuously Continuously lived in our sin. We went we didn't have a break In Proverbs 21 it says even the plowing of the wicked even the plowing is sin So you're at work you remember this when you're lost and you're sinning You your motivations for work You're grumbling You have no desire to honor Christ you have no thankfulness That's the way we were in our minds we always like a picture a guy wakes up and he's just Somewhat bitter because he has to get up early He thinks because he's proud with his sinful nature that he shouldn't have to Get up so early I can't wait for Friday so that I can get up late on Saturday Everything we did in our mind and and it's proven by our works In other words remember Remember who you once were Remember how dark and how continuously dark you were how much you loved sin remember who it was that that Came to save you Remember that you and I we would never have turned to Christ never We would have never turned from those things. We were in ensnare to an Honor God now and honor Christ now by being thankful and rejoice Rejoice with full assurance. God has reconciled you by his son's death Remember Christ is glorified when we God's former enemies are assured of our peace with him and perseverance So if you move on to 22 I'm sorry 21 be yet now He is reconciled in the body of his flesh through death to present you holy and blameless and above reproach in his sight if you'll notice it says once and now in verse 21 once so he's pointing out the past and And the be yet now he is reconciled With the amount of time we have left I want to talk about reconciliation It's a change of status with God and The only way that status can change is if You Have the enmity dealt with that wall that was between you and God It must have been dealt with and it's been dealt with in Christ Actually this word reconciled as the strongest form of it. It's a compound It's actually focuses on you have been reconciled from it's emphasizing from that to this In everywhere in the Bible you see reconciled it's always past tense This is one of those things there's salvation that we're saved now, but yet we're yet to be saved we're We're actually have to receive more forgiveness You know we have to if for me to say that I'm forgiven and I don't have to ask for forgiveness anymore is Means I'm still in my darkness still in darkness But reconciliation is so close to justification. It's one of those things the Bible talks about is done because of Christ The the status with God has gone from enemy to friend and he's done it It says he reconciled you this is to his glory He is doing this so that he might have the preeminence so that he might be supreme over you so that he might have his glory and Having you serve and be with him as we saw in Revelation 21 If you'll turn to Isaiah 53 How was this reconciliation come about in the body of his flesh through death In verse 4 there's so many aspects to salvation to talk about to explain reconciliation Accurately, but we only have time to focus on this aspect the fact that Christ was the one that that came voluntarily this though out of the Beloved son of God Voluntarily came It was the will of the father that he come and he came voluntarily to take upon that that sin and to suffer That we might be made peace with God verse 4 When he was on the cross that it says surely he has borne our griefs and carried our sorrows yet We esteemed him stricken smitten by God and afflicted We didn't even we didn't even understand why he was on the cross till God revealed that to us We thought that he was like Paul. We thought he was a curse Because of his own sin That's the way the people that's the way Paul thought But in verse 5, but that's not true Jesus Christ is God and man and he was on the cross not for his own sins for he'd never sinned But he was wounded for our transgressions He was bruised for our iniquities The chastisement for our peace was upon him and by his stripes We are healed all we like sheep have gone astray estrangement From birth you went astray and the only way that you could have peace is with his Chastisement we turned everyone to his own way and the Lord has laid on him the iniquity of us all the reason why you should rejoice and have full assurance is Because of the person of Christ he is God and When God stood that day and took your judgment upon himself, it was worthy it was satisfactory and The application of this work of Christ comes in time for each believer By the work of God's spirit And if you're sitting here tonight, and you know that you were a former enemy And you're not the same way that you were You're not his enemy anymore That you're reconciled if you know that about yourself and you should be rejoicing You should be praising God and you should have full assurance you should be bold in your prayer because of the reconciliation that God has Paid for that he has dealt with You look at Hebrews chapter 10 verse 19 therefore brethren Having boldness to enter the holiness holiest by the blood of Jesus by a new and living way which he consecrated for us through the veil that is his flesh and Having a high priest over the house of God Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith believe continue to believe Remember the cross remember Isaiah 53 let that go through your mind that you were the chastisement for your peace Was laid on him Let us draw near with a true heart full assurance of faith having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience and her bodies washed with pure water That came from the work of the spirit to the gospel So take the exhortation tonight take the encouragement God doesn't want or desire that you persevere with doubt God doesn't want you to live under doubtful fears in order to persevere God wants you to be fully assured and bold no and faith Not in your own strength, but in faith in Christ Knowing that his work is worthy of your assurance his work is worthy of your Your boldness Rejoice with full assurance.  Let's pray. Oh Lord God Father in heaven We praise you and thank you Lord Our lives Lord knowing how weak we are are yours We know that we are in union with you and you have Reconciled us to yourself that no longer are we who believe Lord who have been born again our enemies You call us friends Not because of who we are or what we've done, but because of your son Because of your will your election and and sending him that we might be saved by his blood And we praise you Lord and I pray for this congregation Lord I pray for our brothers and sisters that we each would be bold this week to preach your gospel That we would have full assurance of the the peace that you have bought and that we would be bold in our prayers and Be assured of your salvation bringing glory to your name like Abraham when people see us Lord in our Trials and being bold they will Be forced to look at you Because because of the faith you've given us they'll be forced to say that That boldness doesn't come from man It it comes from you old Lord. I pray this Lord for your glory. Amen