Okay, good afternoon, everyone. It feels really amazing to see the entire TESO family coming together for another webinar series. And I, on behalf of the Department of English, welcome and thank each individual for your valuable time and support that you have shown for this webinar today. And before I proceed on, I would like to brief you about the reason why we came up with this topic. So, we know that we, the SNAGA Society, we're generally considered to be people of oral tradition, and we have been endowed with rich oral tradition, which have been asked down from generation to generation through words of mouth. However, we can also not deny the fact that a society can never remain unchanged or untouched by the intrusion of modernity, and this becomes vulnerable for the preservation of such oral tradition. So, we came up with this idea in order to preserve our culture, tradition, and solely to relieve the storytelling moments that we enjoyed in the past and rarely do these things. And I hope that we will all have a wonderful session together because I assure you that we have some amazing storytellers from amongst the students and with their beautiful cocktails in the list. So, I hope that we will all have a wonderful session together and enjoy these webinars together. So, without taking much time, I would hand over the rest of the time to the first participant that is along the file. Good afternoon, everyone. I am Lamitthal Kongsai and I am a fifth semester student in Tetsuo College. I am currently pursuing my Bachelor of Arts in English Honours. First of all, I want to thank the Department of English for organizing such an amazing service, such an amazing program, and giving me the opportunity to share with you one of my favorite folktales. This folktale belongs to the Kuki community, Kuki tribe, which is my tribe and it is about two brothers, namely Lindo and Tanghao. I was told about this folklore when I was just a young child by my grandparents and my mother. And when my paternal grandmother was alive, she swore that this story was real, that Lindo and Tanghao actually existed. And well, the story, here goes the story. Not too long ago, a widow called Tingnam lived with two of her sons, Lindo and Tanghao. They were very poor and they lived a life of poverty and society was very male dominated during those times. It was a patriarchal society. So, given that Lindo's mother Tingnam was a widow and Lindo and his brother Tanghao, they were fatherless and they were financially very poor. They did not receive a lot of respect in their community, in the society. Even Lindo and Tanghao's peers would not even give them respect and would not treat them as equal. They did not even want to play games with them because they were fatherless. And Tingnam, she would spend her days begging for jobs from her neighbors, her loved ones, so that she can get food in return, food to feed herself and her children in return. While children of Lindo and Tanghao's age would be having fun, playing games, enjoying their life, because they were so young. Lindo and Tanghao would be obeying their mother and they would do chores like picking firewood from the forest, fetching water from far away ponds. That was their life. To the world, their house was in a terrible condition. To the world, their house was basically an unlivable mess. But to the children, it provided them with a place of comfort and solace. It provided them with comfort and they would sleep and rest well throughout the night. That was the kind of life that they led. Tingnam, the mother was very much tired of the life that she was living and she would always talk to herself. She would think of how it would be possible to escape such a life. One early morning, she sent her two sons to fetch water from the pond. A man, a man called Patio came over to their house and the man started to vote Tingnam, the widow. He started to compliment her, talking about her beauty and how her beauty is being wasted, living such a poor life and he proposed Tingnam. He proposed Tingnam and he asked her to elope to him to run away with him. He gave her time to make the decision. That night, Tingnam could not sleep at all. She spent the whole night thinking of how her life would be better. Thinking of how her standard of living would instantly improve if she married Patio. So the next morning, Patio came over again to inquire about Tingnam's decision. He urged Tingnam to make a final decision while the kids were out doing their chores. Tingnam succumbed to her greed, her desires to lead a better quality of life. She agreed to run away with him. She came up with a very devious plan. In those days, the people would use bamboo to store water, to carry water. So Tingnam drilled holes, small holes at the bottom of the bamboo vessels and when her children returned home, she sent them out again to fetch water from the pond. The children were very much unaware of their mother's plans, their intentions. The children went to fill water in the pond and with the time in her hands, Tingnam, she packed all her belongings and she ran away with her now boyfriend, Patio. The poor kids, they had no idea what their mother had done. They kept on trying to fill the water but they kept on failing. They would return halfway because they would suddenly realize that their water vessels had become so much lighter, suddenly lighter. So they would return back to the pond to fill the water again and this happened several times.  She has run away with her boyfriend. The two children could not believe the woman, the news. They could not believe that their mother could do something like that to them. They started crying, they started shouting, especially the younger brother, Tanghao. He started crying because he did not want to be away from his mother.  They started crying and talking to themselves and started saying that, mother, how could you do this to us? How can you leave us all alone, hungry, helpless, and then a man. A man out of nowhere heard them crying. He inquired the reason.  Why don't you head towards the river? And he also gave another additional advice saying that if your mother and her lover have already crossed the river, you too should return home because if you try to cross the river, the currents of the river will take you away and you will die and then you will drown because of how strong the river currents are. The two boys started crying louder and they raced across the forest to the river and they were so tired and so hungry because they had been working before sunrise and now their mother had run away with her lover and they were crying and when they reached the river, they saw the two lovers, their mother and her boyfriend. They were already across the river and Lindo, the older brother, shouted, mother, mother, how can you do this to us? Why have you left us all alone, hungry and helpless and then Tang Hao, the younger one started crying, mother, take us with you. Take us with you. The two lovers heard their cries and shouts and the boyfriend, Paquil, told Ting Nem that it is not possible to take the kids with them. Ting Nem was in a dilemma now. After much deliberation, she decided, she reached the decision, she shouted over to Lindo. Lindo, she said, Lindo, your younger brother is way too young to live in somebody else's house. Let the strong current of the river take him away and you cross the river and come be with me. Lindo stood aghast. He could not believe what his mother had said, that their own mother had said, their own flesh and blood had said. Lindo could not believe that their mother could even think of killing off his younger brother. Lindo rejected his mother's proposal and he said, mother, if that is your decision, just go ahead, don't return, don't even think about us, don't think about us anymore. And then the two lovers went away and Lindo's younger brother, Tang Hao, started crying even more. They started crying even more and Lindo gave his younger brother a piggyback ride home and they headed home. They knew that their home would now be empty and there will no longer be a mother figure in their lives. They were crying and mourning the loss of a mother figure from their lives. When they reached home, there was nothing, no food available to eat. They were starving and they say that a man is obese when hungry and these kids, they were young and they were so young, they did not even, they were not mature enough to even understand the gravity of the situation, but they were left all alone in their house. They had nothing to eat. They kept on searching for food and they found a stack of hay. They found a stack of hay and they rummaged through the haystack and finally after a while of searching for food, they found a small, tiny grain of millet, a millet, a tiny grain of millet and a small grain of millet is not enough to feel, even one person, it's not enough to feel a baby even, but the two brothers divided the small grain of millet into two pieces and savored it deliciously. Till now, parents, my mother uses this story as an example to teach me and my sister the importance of sharing and loving each other, especially to cultivate love among us siblings and many, there are many cookie parents that use this story as an example to teach their children. That is the story and that is my presentation and now I give the time to the next presenter. Good afternoon everyone. My name is Ntila Shijo of BS Second semester pursuing English as my major paper. The folktale I will be narrating is titled as The Tragic Sorcery. It is believed to be a true story passed down from generation to generation of the Czechoslovakian tribe. The tale is of an old widow who lived long ago in the village of, in the prospering village of Kusomi. Her name was Kanima Tila and she was believed to be sorceress. She was old and she could not work in the petty field anymore and she spent her every day at home. Back then it was a tradition, a tradition for the old people who stayed back at the village to look after the children while the parents go for, go to work for agriculture. The parents would peg the food of the children and bring them to the old lady to babysit while they go to work. When the children bring their, when the children bring their foods, the old lady kept it on a table on a large wooden table and she would twist the neck of the children's and remove the head out of the body and keep it in a basket one by one. And she would continue with her works of spinning cotton and weaving without the interruption and disturbance from the children. The old Louis dosis, she could not work, she, she could not work and she did not have any food. She takes the small portion of every food from every pegged food and keep it to herself to eat. By the evening, when it is time for the parents to return from work, the old widow would put back the head of the children to their body and tells them to eat the food that the parents have pegged for them. And when the, when the children's returned home, they would complain that they have a very sharp pain in their neck and it went on and on. The, the children kept complaining. So the parents became concerned and decided to find out the cause of the pain. One day when the parents left off the children at the widow's place, they did not leave for work, but stayed hidden behind the house to find out what really happens to their children. To their horrific surprise, the parents thought that the old widow removed their head, the children's head and keeps it aside. And since the discovery, though, they stopped leaving their children for the old widow to babysit. That is the end of the story. Thank you. Now I give time to the next presenter. Good afternoon, everyone. My name is Cynthia Zerzele and I'm from the fourth semester taking up English as my owner's paper. Today I will be narrating a folktale from the Ziliang Rong Naga tribe. Folktales are also called as harasam in our dialect. And the folktale that I'll be narrating has been taken from this book, Roots, A Collection of Ziliang Naga Folk Tales, written by Mr. Kang Zhang Ding Tong. And the title of my folktale is How the Dog Became a Domestic Animal. It is a very simple story and I hope you enjoy it. So here it goes. One day the dog decided to follow the elephant because it thought that the elephant was the mightiest animal on earth. And together the elephant and the dog roam around the forest in one or two many places. However, when the dog started to bark, the elephant stopped the dog and said, if you bark, the tiger will find out whereabouts and he'll come and kill us. So the dog was disappointed on hearing this and realized that it was not the elephant but the tiger who was my tear. So the dog left the elephant and went on to follow the tiger. The tiger and the dog now roam around many places and they wander through the forest. However, again, when the dog started to bark, the tiger stopped the dog and said, if you bark, man will find us and he'll come and kill us. Disappointed again, the dog realized that it was not the tiger but man who was my tear. So the dog left the tiger and went on to follow man. Now together, man and the dog wander through many places and roam about the forest. This time, however, when the dog started to bark, man did not stop him or restrain him from barking. Instead, man simply said, well done. If you bark from time to time, everyone will know that we are here and they'll run away from us. Hearing this, the dog was pleased and was happy and finally assumed that indeed, man was the mightiest of all the animals and the dog would find comfort and security from men. So from that day onwards, the dog started living with men and became man's most faithful follower. That's the end of the story and I've just narrated to you the Zilangrong version of how dogs came to live with men and became a domestic animal. Thank you. Now I'll give the time to the next narrator, Bendangkaba. Hi everyone, my name is Bendangkaba Inchen, I'm from BA's second semester taking English honors. Today I would like to share you a beautiful forktail that has been passed on from generations. So this forktail was told to me by my mom and it helped me to learn a lot of good lessons in my life. So I hope that this forktail will help you as well. So it begins with the village of Chungdae that is my village. There lived a happy family. The family consisted of four members, the father, the mother, and two daughters. The daughters were named as Long Bak Loong Xi and Sung Jin. So Long Bak Loong Xi was the elder sister. She was 12 years old and Sung Jin was the younger sister and she was 10 years old. So basically they were very young. So they loved their parents so much. But unfortunately one day their mother passed away. So the father was the father, after the mother passed away, the father wanted to marry to another woman. She fell in love with a woman and he wanted to marry her. So he asked the woman for a marriage proposal but the woman declined his proposal because he had already two daughters. So the woman declined his marriage proposal. And the reason for her declination was because he already had two daughters. So that was the reason. So the man was really sad over the fact and then he suddenly went to a conclusion and one fine day he took the two daughters to a forest and told them to dig a hole in the ground, on the ground. And when they finally dug the hole to the ground, the man, the father, chopped the head of the two daughters and buried them in the very hole. After that he went back to the house, to the home and then called the woman and told her that he had got rid of his own daughters. Hearing this made the woman terrified about the man and she got scared for what he had done to his own daughters. And she told the man that how could you kill your own daughters? This is beyond as a human being. So she declined the man proposal and she went away. After that the man was left with emotion and he was filled with anxiety and he was regretting for what he had done. He was regretting for his own decisions and then he went back to the very place for where he has killed his own daughters and he laments over the fact for his kill. This story tells us about how human being are selfish and greedy for our needs. Even though we have the things which people love us, we tend to try to get more and more things in our life. So for example in our present situation, from some sources we get to know that some of the current leaders are trying to get money through this pandemic, through this virus. So this shows that people are still greedy back from then until now we have the same habit and we are still very greedy for everything. Like even if we have things we tend to get more and more, we try to get more and more and we are never satisfied for what we get in our life. So we should never try to do, we should try to avoid that and we should try to eliminate our greediness, our selfishness in our mind and soul as well. So now with that I end it and I give time to Villibol to her, for her to present. Thank you. Good afternoon everyone. My name is Villibol Cixi from BFR semester, Department of English. The folklore I am going to narrate is based on our sematripe and is basically about two sisters. The folklore was narrated by my parents early and it has been found from our ancestors. I would like to thank our English department for the opportunity to give them back to the sisters. Actually they are one of the parents of a husband, a wife and two beautiful daughters. Their young daughters were so dear to their parents.  Unfortunately for the girls, their stepmother never loved them and often mistreated them. They were seen as mere slaves and not as daughters. The helpless father could do nothing but watch as his new wife mistreated his daughters. It so happened that the eldest daughter had grown matured enough to notice all her life as a daughter and also as a daughter in the family and also mostly stood against all kinds of evils that their stepmother had released upon them which again further angered the stepmother even more. Now the stepmother's hatred for the eldest daughter no bones. Therefore she would frequently instigated the husband to get the eldest daughter killed. The evil stepmother further threatened the husband that she would leave him if he does not kill the child as early as possible.  So it was one faithful morning that the father had asked the eldest daughter to take up some food and brew or drink for they were going hunting and fishing. The poor child unaware of his father's tedious intentions happily did as she was told and so they set off. The father with a heavy heart headed straight toward the jungle with his child. The father had intentionally brought the child into a dense forest miles and miles away from home as she was far into that very place. Hence she would never find her way back home. A minute later father started digging a pit deep enough and making sure nobody could escape. Soon after the pit was done the father and the child had their last meal. He then asked the child to get inside a pit and wait for his return. Allah, he never returned. Never the least the father headed back home alone leaving the child behind. They said the youngest daughter became quite suspicious and was so much worried about her sister. It was one fine morning the youngest one picked up some food and drinks and she decided to go in search of her sister. She was encountered by a well dog on her way into the dense forest who led her straight to the spot where her sister was trapped. She found her sister battling between life and grave fatigue and famished and without proper care. After administering special care and feeding her with the food she brought the elder sister against necessary strength and managed to crawl up the pit. They spent some time embracing with one another until the young ancestor had to head back home but alone keeping in mind not to let the parents cut them. So the young ancestor was clever enough to convince the parents to get her a pair of every traditional attire of Sumith. We call it Thorni and Chainini etc and other ornaments and jewelry for herself as well as for her sister. The parents would fulfill her demands and wishes since she was the only parent left. So for about a week the younger sister had been bringing food into the woods for her sister without the parent's knowledge. So it was this one day when their parents were out on the field the younger sister took her attires and ornaments, prepared the food right on a plantain leaf and both fled to other regions far far away from home. On their journey they discovered a kiki or an underground source of freshwater or a stream. So during the early times and before discovering the source of freshwater by these sisters the ancestors were believed to extract and collect the drops of water from this specific plant named Aupa or Kalamas, Kalamas or a tongue as species of skin. So the girls also came across a very striking plant yielding this green red object out of starvation. The eldest sister she decided she would try out if that thing or plant was eatable. So the moment she took a mouthful it inflamed her mouth resulting in sudden heartburn with sweat. The younger sister was an extinct female sister in that state. Before long the eldest sister had recovered hence from then on on the plant was named Mirimishi or Mirishi in the Sumida dialect which means meat for an orphan which we also use as chili or pepper in the present days. Finally they came to this small village behind the valley. The villagers were kind enough and gave them a small plot of land. One day when they were about to show off for work they saw an elderly man knocking doors to doors for shelter. The elderly man was directly dressed and had a leprosy. Since he was in such a specific state no villagers bothered to entertain him. Lastly this elderly man came up to the young girls who happily invited them though they had nothing to offer. So this old man was actually believed to be a deity, spirit deity of our ancestors disguised as a stiff old man. So this old man then asked the sisters to prepare a meal for them to which the younger sister reluctantly replied that they had nothing to eat. So however he insisted them to keep the water boiling. Then the old man first shook his knees and to their astonishment the pot of the heart was filled with rice and began boiling. Again the second time as the old man shook his elbow pieces of raw meat started to fill up the pot of boiling water out of blue. Then they cooked and ate to their satisfaction. The next day the old man asked the young girls to show him their fields. The young girls were reluctant as their fields were way too small yet on being insisted again they showed him their tiny field of iron wool which we call bumpkins. The old man pronounced the blessings to their fields and told them to soak up all the pumpkins into their granaries. Without leaving one they did as were instructed to them after death he asked whether all the pumpkins had been stored. The youngest sister replied that she had left one pumpkin behind as it was too heavy for her to carry. So she was told to hardly bring the pumpkin back as soon as the pumpkin was stored with the others all the pumpkins started bursting out. Out of this pumpkin which bursted bursted came our different varieties of crops and grains seedlings which we use till death. The sisters showed the sisters sold their seeds of grains and had a wonderful harvest. Soon the sisters came became rich and prosperous. They often have the villagers in need but the old man was never to be seen again. So according to these legendary myths the produce crops or grains that we cultivated came out from the pumpkin which bursted that day. The moral of the story is the sisters were both and strong though they were abandoned and forgotten by their own parents.  Also the nature of kindness, compassion and intensive measure which can be learned. Also staying grounded and choose the health to help all the needy ones when when they finally had a contented and prosperous living. With this I hand over the time to the next participant. Thank you. Okay hello everyone my name is Frio Krasi of the second semester English department at so college. I belong to Mao tribe and today the folktale which I'll be sharing with you all is one of the most popular folktale which was told to us by our grandparents. You can find the folktale in a magazine it's called Beniole magazine from from the village of Makhan. I am from a village called Makhan. Okay so the folktale is it's all about a great warrior called Lukulei. Okay here goes the story. Lai was from the time when the when the practice of headhunting was prevailing in the land of the Nagas. His mother died giving birth to him so he grew up under the care of his father. Lai was physically weak and small child so his father had to personally take care of him instead of entrusting him to other people. His father would carry him everywhere inside his bag. While his father worked in the fields he would hung his son on the wall of the hut. Now one day his father forgot to take his son back home and it was only in the morning that he realizes that his son was not home. Lai was left all alone in the night at night and as soon as he realized that he packed his lunch and rushed back to the field with the feeling of remorse in his heart and no hope of his son being alive. But to be surprised when he reached the battlefield he saw that his son's eyes were wide open and then he was looking all around. Now that was the moment his father told himself that his son was not an ordinary child and then he would leave a great legacy behind. So Lai he matured into adulthood and he became the strongest man in the village. Now according to the traditional rules back those days the strongest man in the village was supposed to protect the village from any external dangers so that responsibility fell on Lai's shoulder. Many times the enemies from other villages tried to attack and kill him but one way or the other Lai finds ways to escape from the mouth of death. I would like to share some of those instances where he proved his bravery and his warfare intelligence. Okay one one instance was okay before that Lai married to a girl from a neighboring village. Today that village is called Song Song Village. Okay one day he decided to visit his wife's village and his enemies were also from that village. When he entered the village all the enemies surrounded him and were ready to kill him. The enemies had even closed the village gate. Now Lai was on his side that day as he saw a herd of cattle approaching approaching him. He took advantage of the he took advantage of the herd of cattle. He hid behind the animals moving from one animal to other and that was how he escaped from the mouth of death again. From from that day the enemies talked to themselves that he was not he was not a normal and natural being but he was some sort of a supernatural being. Another okay Lai was not only strong fierce and clever but he was also a healthy man a wealthy man. His riches could feed the whole villages could feed the whole village and he would throw fish often and he also owns huge area of land in the villages of Makhan. One day when he was cultivating in one of his fields he was attacked again by his enemies. He was surrounded and that day he was alone in the field there was no way to escape but and I just struck him. He took out a long piece of cloth and he started waving at them. Now when the light of the sun reflected on the cloth it began to shine from one end to the other and when the enemies saw that shining piece of cloth they told that it was Lai's magical power and so they felt scared and then they fled the scene. Lai once again tricked his enemies but actually that long piece of cloth was used as a form of skilled crew to drive birds and insects away to avoid the crops being eaten by them and after many failed attempts from his enemies to kill him the enemies became desperate and then they decided to destroy Lai's crops which were ripened and ready to harvest. The enemies used long ropes and smashed the crops to the ground. Now when Lai saw the ruins of his crop and I just struck him again he he decided to fool his enemies so he placed all his stored rice in the field at night and in the morning he requested all the villagers to carry those rice from the battlefield to his village to fool the enemies that they had not actually destroyed the crops but but they have helped Lai multiply his riches. Now when the enemies saw that saw the scene of people of people carrying the rice from the battlefield to the village they got shocked and then the plan to destroy his riches and kill him was still in vain. Lai in his idle time in his spare time he never stayed idle he would always patrol the borders of the village and everywhere he go he shouts screams and his voice would frighten the enemies which prevented from his village getting attacked. Lai would also climb to the top of the trees to see if enemies are approaching. Now that was how the great warrior Luke Hood Lai, a warfare intelligent and a brave and a brave man, protected the village of the Ikrames and the mountains of the Ikrames. Now who are the Ikrames? The Ikrames are the people of Makhan villages that is us, me I'm from Makhan village and to support the authenticity of this warfare I would like to show you all a picture. Okay this picture shows a footprint imprinted on a stone. No one knows how this is possible but the elders believe that Lai was some sort of a supernatural being and that was how it was it is possible. That stone is still there in in our village still today. There are two there are two footprints one is Ed Murray the one which is which is being displayed and the other is on the way to the forest. This is all about the folk tale and the folk and the folk tales tales of how a great warrior became a legend. Thank you all very much. Now I would like to give the rest of the time to the last presenter finally. Good afternoon everyone. I am Paih Philiu and I'm a first student of Tatsu College who was very obliged to pick up this weapon and present folklore. My folklore is about a certain Veyliang man, the story believes true and it has buried only in the village the tale of the ghost. Heron widow was given the godship of Bintzalra, a moral stitch while her as no one would come visit her and in the village to the folks of Burang. Who could what be happening for Ayama, my dead one comes to sleep. Hi Kamayde, sorry for interrupting you. Can you hear me? Oh the phone. Kamayde, yes sorry for interrupting you but if you can hear me can you turn off your camera and start all the candles we can barely hear you. I think you have network issues so we can do that. Okay good afternoon. I think I'm okay. Yes I'm much better. So this story is about a certain man named Kelabe who is who is from Poila village. This unique and mythological story it believes to be true and it has always been buried under only within the village until today the tale of Kelabe. A barren widow had the guardianship of the Bintzalra hunky Marong as the chieftest while her stay at night someone would come and visit her in her sleep so she said to the folks what could be happening for Ayama widow my husband is dead but someone comes to me in my sleep every night and I wonder who could that person be but all the folks denied of being that person so they decided that they would look out for her. The man fastened and secured all the picket sand skates and took with tens of slips putting off the fire and lay guard in their own position and whispered to her when you sense him leave tell us. The man came to her that night again and when he was about to leave the woman shouted there he went and since the folks have covered the entries and guarded the yard he could not find a way out so he perched over to Langkap which means the banister of the front door in the upper edge of the morang and he walked off in the dark. The man folks could not decipher the strange phenomena and said yeah that is not a human but rather a ghost how could this be possible then in the coming day the woman found herself conceived with a child. She bears a son but when his name was to be given she could not bring about any name with a meaning for he wasn't a human child but as a loving mother she said for I have asked of him I shall name him Kelobe meaning asked. Kelobe grew up in the shelter of the Bingsa morang in Poilua as a wealthy man it was heard that he had a pit in the lower set of his house known as Kelobe in Rikwok meaning the pit of his wretches some said he ate human and would spew on unusual days and there would lay in the pit the remnants of flesh and blood. As he grew older and older and reached the brink of his death one day he called to his children and said to them would you want me to die an aged death and bury me or let me take my own life for if I take my own life I can come back and protect my people but if not and I die an aged death I cannot return to defend but must you make a ritual burial if I am to be buried. His children said hey for it would not be a pleasant thing to say my mother and father have lost they have wondered of so would you die a well sinned days and must we prepare your ritualistic burial. Then he agreed and on his dying breath he told them remember that when I die do not bury me late but on the day of his death the folks quite delayed in taking him to the grave hence in the midst of preparation Kelobe's dead body became inhumanely unusual so they feared and hurried him off to the grave which is also in the sad place of his wretches but came the next morning and things grew much stranger for when the people went out to see his grave there was a great crater and the ground was hollow the people gathered and stood at distance and murmured to themselves saying probably even if we dig for his body there would be none he was gone the tale of Kelobe has been passed down through oral tradition from our ancestor and for this story I visited one of the elders of our own clan called Helsund clan which is also the clan of Kelobe after the death of this man Kelobe before christianity around me the clan would perform rituals for seven days before season as a veneration for him that's the story to everyone the students have presented a variety of beautiful parts of their own tribe now we move on to the next part of the session that is the Q&A session if you have any questions that you want to ask to the presenters please turn on your microphone and ask or you can even use the chat option and ask any questions that you have I can read a few moments if anyone is looking to ask any questions or if the students has if the students have presented the story well I think the students have presented quite well so no questions I think we just want to thank each and everyone for joining us in this webinar in storytelling and narrating each of their own folklore to the audience I hope everyone has enjoyed and learned something new about their tribes as well thank you so much for joining in everyone I think we can conclude with this


Line 8E, income from form 8853, enter online 8E, the total of the amounts from form 8853, lines 8, 12, and 26. You can see publication 969 for more detail there on the IRS website, of course, caution. You may have to pay an additional tax if you've received a taxable distribution from an Archer MSA or Medicare Advantage MSA. So another kind of specialty area we might touch on a little bit more in future presentations, but you could see the instructions for form 8853 for more detail there, line 8F, income from form 8889, enter online 8F, the total of the amounts from form 8889, line 19 to 20. So again, we might be able to look at the instructions if you want to dive down on that more of the form 8889, caution. You may have to pay an additional tax if you received a taxable distribution from a health savings account. You can see instructions for form 8889 for more detail there. Line 8H, jury duty pay. Also see instructions for line 24A. So there's different kind of rules on the jury duty if you got reimbursed and whatnot and all that kind of stuff. Usually it's a fairly small amount that someone's gonna get paid for jury duty. So it's not usually like a really material tax different oftentimes for most people, but depending on the earnings it could be. So line 8I, prizes and awards, enter prizes and awards, but see the instructions for line 8M, Olympic and Paralympic medals and USOC prize money later. So this is similar to the winnings kind of thing. Now you've got money, you've received prizes. So an awards for something that was done. And again, from the IRS perspective, if you've got a prize or award, everything is basically income unless they say otherwise. And if you would think if you earned the prize, then you would think it would be kind of like earned income for the most part unless there's some kind of exception related to it. So line 8J, activity not entered in for profit. Private income, so it's not a for, you entered into an activity that's not for profit. So remember we talked before about the idea that if it is a for profit thing, if then you're gonna wanna have to put it on the Schedule C or something like that because if it's business income, you have to pay Social Security and Medicare. So that's a big deal because that's a big difference. Whereas if it's not a for profit activity, then possibly you can put the income somewhere on the other income section. And that's where it's usually not gonna be subjection, not gonna be calculating the Social Security Medicare on it oftentimes. So line 8K stock options, enter online 8K, any income from the excess of stock options, not otherwise reported on form 1040 or 1040 SR, line 1H, line 8I, income from the rental of personal property if you engaged in the rental for profit, but we're not in the business of renting such property, profit or property. You can also see the instructions for more detail on that online 24B later.


All right, so next up on our lightning rounds is Lori Julin, she is the Library Director at the Howardan Public Library in Howardan, Iowa, just next door to us. And she's gonna talk about student access cards, providing students with the tools they need to succeed. So go ahead, Lori. Okay, I'm Lori, the Director at Haywarden Public Library. I live in extreme Northwest Iowa. I'm about a mile from the South Dakota border. And about 45 minutes north of Sioux City. So not too far from my home state of Nebraska, where I grew up. One of the reasons we started this program is because I had students coming in, they didn't have cards and they wanted to use our resources and prior policy required a parent signature for students under the age of 18. We did modify that policy, but many students couldn't get in with a parent. So student access cards were born. A lot of people ask, well, how do you start something like that? I did have to work and reach out to the local school district. We serve, our local school district serves Haywarden and Irton, which is about 10 miles away. Both towns are relatively small. Total student body is less than a thousand students. So we started out using with the middle school and high school, which represents about four to 500 students. I reached out to the principal of the middle school. I said, hey, is there any reason we can't, we could start something like this where we literally just provide a card to every single student. They don't need a parent signature. They can just access our resources. They were very enthusiastic. The principal, the media specialist, even my library board was extremely excited about offering this because my library board president actually also serves on the school board. So he knew this would be a pretty big deal for students in our district. We did ask for student name, their ID card number and what grade they were. We don't have addresses. And the reason behind that is we deal with the school in regards to overdues. Upon graduation, students can bring in their card, grab, bring in the letter that they receive and we will issue them a full card. That way they can continue this on immediately following their graduation. One of the biggest things is you have to determine a policy and this was a special card type. There were certain regulations that we had to develop so that everybody knew what the rules were. Our policy is located on the link here. I'm gonna quick pull that up so you can see that. Okay, this is our student access card policy. Any middle school or high school student automatically receives one. We communicate with the school when new students come in. If a student leaves the district, we don't typically delete the card. That may become something that we would explore going forward. We have developed this for lower grades and we're working on expanding and rolling it out to the grade school students, the teachers that want to have this in their classroom because in our district, every single student has an iPad. With the digital access, they can get access to overdrive, tumble books, and basically any of those resources that the school doesn't have access to and you need a card to access. The biggest thing we did was allowing a three-item checkout. That seems small, but actually most of our students that use this are perfectly happy with that three-item limit and we have found they are often checking out items for younger brothers and sisters on occasion. They're checking out books for research. They're checking out books to read for pleasure. As far as lost and damaged, we have not actually had any books lost or damaged since the inception of the program back in September and that is something that I'm very proud about because it's always a concern when you might lose items, oh no, and we don't want to create barriers to these students. And we do deliver books to the school. The teachers sometimes email me and say, hey, we need this book. And that is something that's really helped students that may not drive, may not live close to the library here in town or be able to get here. So that was another key component of our policy was the ability to do that. Like I said, the key things that they get out of this is a three-book checkout limit. They can access our computers or internet computers and they get access to all digital resources. Since we started, there's been some usage, not a lot, but when you look at this, you see that, okay, students got to access stuff that they may not have been able to access prior to this. I hope that these numbers will grow. Obviously, February represents only a partial month at this point in time, and you can see our total circulation for the month. We are a pretty small community, so 1600 checkouts for us is pretty good, and that has been growing over the past few months. Finally, this is something that almost any library could implement with cooperation from the school. And we did purchase different-looking library cards so that we know what these look like. My staff knows what they look like. They know they're a student card because we limit the checkouts, obviously, and I haven't had any students need additional items. So- They have a different checkout than your regular patrons. Yes. They have to know that there's a difference, yeah. Yep. So any other questions? Great. All right, so thank you very much, Lori. That was great. We did have a couple of questions that have come in. Okay, but we can do a few of them. And I don't know if you had mentioned this. Do all of the students live in your library district, or how does that- Yes. All students, we contract service for Ierton. So Ierton doesn't have a public library, but they contract with us. They pay us a certain amount each year. So all students within the West Sioux School District live in Haywarden or Ierton or rural Sioux County, which, again, is our service area. Okay. But how many students is that? In the whole district, there's roughly 1,000. We rolled this out initially just to grade six through 12, which is about 4 to 500. Are you gonna expand it to everyone or? Yes, we are working on that. The key thing is we wanted to roll it out to the kids that really could use this, and we are working actively with the grade school teachers rolling it out to the younger grades. So you've been working with the teachers. Is there a school librarian at the school? Well, the kids that are library and librarian there, that you also- Yeah, I've mostly worked with the principals, but the school librarians as well. We do have school librarians in both the elementary and the middle school high school. So we have worked actively with them as well. Okay, great. All right, that's everything then. Thank you very much, Laurie.


The PDS shock technology has been kept alive by KTM and WP suspension, despite the whole industry plowing on to linkage style shocks. But how can a shock without linkage endure this? Without blowing apart. Let's find all about WP's PDS shock from the Proline. Before starting to learn how this system works, I strongly recommend you to first take a look at the off-road engineered video that explains how a traditional shock works. WP's PDS shock stands for Progressive Damping System and can equip one of the most common bikes around, KTM Zenduro and Dual Spork Range. WP's PDS shock is directly connected to the swing arm and doesn't require any linkage system which makes the underfloor of the bike really slick. On the outside, the PDS shock is slightly shorter but it has the same components such as the nitrogen chamber to pressurize the oil, a high-speed and low-speed compression damping adjusters on top and a rebound damping adjuster at the bottom. On the inside is where things are really different to linkage shocks. On the PDS shock, there is an extra piston compared to linkage system shocks. The bottom piston is responsible for the main damping character with a compression and rebound shim stacks. The second piston has a slightly smaller diameter and is responsible for providing additional compression damping at the end of the compression stroke. This secondary piston provides a position-sensitive damping, much like the linkage system does. So let's understand how a PDS shock works, step-by-step. While compressing, the same volume of the piston rod entering the shock's body is pushed into the oil reservoir. Initially, the oil flows around the top piston and through the low-speed orifice on the main piston. Once the pressure starts building, the low-speed compression damping shim stack opens on the main piston, increasing the oil flow and providing less damping. If the oil pressure keeps increasing, the high-speed shim stack on the main piston opens, increasing the oil flow and providing less damping. When the secondary piston enters the cup inside the shock body, it means the shock is nearly bottoming out. At this point, the oil inside the cup has nowhere to go but through the secondary piston, which increases the overall damping of the shock, thus providing a progressive damping character. On rebound, the play on the secondary piston provides an oil bypass to refill the cup, without creating significant damping. The oil below the main piston is pushed through the low-speed orifice, but like in a compression stroke, the oil pressure keeps building and the rebound shim stack on the main piston opens, allowing more oil to exit the chamber below, generating rebound damping and controlling the shock's extension. While this happens, the check valve on the adjuster opens, allowing the oil inside the reservoir to fill up the shock's body. The secondary piston increases the damping ability of the shock without having to increase its travel, much like a mid-speed valve. However, it is position-sensitive since this circuit only provides damping once the piston enters the cup. The PDS shock might have some drawbacks, as with everything, but it is true that it allows the dirt bike manufacturer to eliminate all bushings and bearings of the linkage system, improving the reliability of the bike and rideability over very tough terrain. That ain't a bad idea. If you have any questions, leave them in the comments below and if you want to learn how to take full advantage of your suspension adjustments, take a look at our online suspension courses available on our website. Knowledge is power. Thank you for watching and don't forget to subscribe to keep learning with us.


That concludes the urgent question. The next item of business is an announcement by the Covid-19 recovery committee on Covid-19 recovery committee inquiry into long Covid. I call on Siobhan Brown, convener of the committee, to make the announcement. As convener of the Covid-19 recovery committee, I wish to highlight the committee's inquiry into long Covid, which was launched last week. Figures from the Office of National Statistics estimate around 2.1 million people are experiencing self-reported long Covid in the UK, and in Scotland it's estimated that 187,000 people have self-reported long Covid, which is around 3.5% of the population. Our inquiry will explore three issues, including the awareness and recognition of the condition, examine if there are adequate therapy and rehabilitation services, and consider what further research may be needed to understand long Covid better. We plan to speak directly to those impacted by long Covid over the coming weeks and take evidence on what additional steps the Scottish Government could take to support those living with the condition. Presiding Officer, I'm sure I'm not the only member with a mailbox full of inquiries relating to long Covid, and I encourage members to share details of the inquiry with interested constituents whose input will be greatly valued. Our calls for views will run to the 10th of February. We will then take evidence during February and March, and we also aim to hold a parliamentary debate in the chamber on our findings prior to the summer recess. The next item of business is consideration of business motion 7545, in the name of George Adam, on behalf of the Parliamentary Bureau, on a change to this week's business. I call on George Adam to move the motion. The next item of business is consideration of business motion 7545, in the name of Jackson Carlaw, on behalf of the Citizens, Participation and Public Petitions Committee, on petition 1865, suspend all surgical mesh and fixation devices, be agreed. Are we all agreed? The motion is therefore agreed. There will be a brief pause before we move on to members' business.


What's up everybody welcome back to the channel I'm your rabbit before we get started here on third four I want to make a big thank you to all you guys that are subscribed to the channel have had over that thousand subscriber milestone I've been stretching for so big thank you to all the new subscribers all subscribers that have been here from the beginning of the channel big thank you to everybody subscribe to the channel I do appreciate all the support from you guys it's a big big thing for me to hit that thousand subscriber milestone and still be climbing and I've been definitely getting a lot of good reviews on the new videos with the torture of beta and everything like that but today we are on dirt for to get back behind the wheel of our wheels setup but I just wanted to say thank you to all of you guys that got up into the thousand subscriber mark big thank you and I am working on doing possibly some giveaways here and some special things for you guys being subscribers so I do appreciate all the support so we are gonna get started here on dirt for I've been wanting to get back on the dirt for for a while and today I think we are gonna hop into the draw rides that I have not completely finished yet we have some group B specials smart smash I believe we are working on time attack masters so I think we may continue in time attack masters I think we are on a lansia oh then we have another lansia and then we have a speedo cart and then a fiesta are five what else do we got here we got joy ride of champions what is this joy ride of champions I believe this is a time trial set to maybe we should run the joy ride of champions in these cars so we are here today to do that get back behind the wheel we are at the dirt fish in Washington USA here on dirt for so once again a big thank you to you guys and all the subscribers of the channel can't thank you guys enough for being subscribed and coming back every day for these daily uploads we'll be doing more live streams and stuff here soon I am moving this month so I'm going to try to make sure that there's no law in the videos I'm going to record as much as I can get as many videos as out for the daily uploads but the setup will be moved to a new location and hopefully more space again and we know that'll help with creating content and stuff like that plus a few modifications I'm doing to the wheel setup so we are here in dirt fish USA in the joy rides I believe this is yep it's a time trial race so we got to get the green dots green the lemon ems stay away from the red demon triangles so we're gonna get the wheel cam turned on and we are going to go we got our logic G920 as well as our hydraulic cam brake sequential shifter mods setup perfect for rally racing up down you know gearing handbrake clutch brake everything all set up so I'm going to see if I can't adjust this camera view a little bit to get a little darker for you guys then we're gonna head into the racing so we got everything all set up so we are just gonna I guess go straight for the challenge and joy red championship one the set the best time possible green markers take one second off time red markers add one second pretty much straightforward we are in a Subaru and we are rocking cockpit view today try as many of these little green things as we can try not to smack the wall stay away from the red ones go up here I did have been having a lot of fun on dirt rather than four or dirt four so but now that we got the actual sequential setup it is like a true rally car set up now so that's why I wanted to really get back into this and whether beta do that then try not to those marks and we did so hopefully we're still fast enough to get out of here that's not gonna help us so I do like running in car view in rally racing game more than I do outer view but if you notice I do have the steering wheel turned off in the car because I don't need to see steering will turn when I have a steering wheel turning right in front of me I think we're gonna make that break pull there so we get these don't flip off so we are trying to just rock this as fast as we can these log sections is where it gets hairy I think we are on our second lap now which means we are pretty decent in time we smash these boxes I could not see where I was going but we are okay we have some green dots over here I'm gonna tag as many of these little green mms as we can oh I missed all those shouldn't have taken this but I guess if you are running for straight time you still should be okay we have tried not those who I thought we've tagged that one with the back bumper but we did not without smacking our car wish I could shoot between those but you can't go like there was a lot more that way but I'm gonna make the fastest time possible cannot see where I'm going some green dots over here I think we might be okay go hit that bolt I knew that was gonna happen ah saw that pull happening but I think we might be able to get gold here I don't know where the start line is oh it's three laps oh boy I thought it was two so we are definitely way off the pace then for three laps come out here get some of these break trying to I don't think we're gonna get gold but we may be able to get bronze at least one of those breaks so the destroyer eyes are all about trying to make that perfect line and I don't think we're gonna be able to get anything more than I don't think we're even gonna get bronze just kind of unfortunate I take as many time off as we can yep we didn't pass it not sure where I paid the mistake because I didn't hit as many of those red things as I possible a new personal best but not enough to take that win this is difficult for sure so three minutes and six seconds was our fastest time so we are going to cut our loss on that one because I really don't think we're gonna be able to get that faster I mean we could probably run it again and see if we can't get it faster but I feel like we should switch up to one that is not as a high caliber since we are just getting back into the game so we're gonna go to one of the other joyrides we got what do we got we got we got so we should try smash route smash one we got to get 95 blocks script we're gonna take this smash route you're definitely having a lot of fun with these joyrides here on dirt4 if you guys want to see more dirt4 on this channel if we get to tap that like button subscribe do appreciate all support my Gatorade matches my wheel we're having some Gatorade frost today that Arctic blitz to be exact so when you guys classify Gatorade do you guys talk by color is it like a white Gatorade green Gatorade or do you name it by the name let me know down in the comment section down below if you guys name it by the color or name it by the actual name I do it by the actual name and my fiance thinks I'm weird because she goes by color so I mean I want to know what you guys do how do you guys classify your Gatorades so we are here in this little like a Citroen for the smash joyride we got to get as many of these little foam blocks as we can and first person view may be harder for this smashing bit but definitely gonna try it oh wow that was not what I expected we're gonna restart that I did not expect that to be a quick 90 degree turn so we may have to do this in third person but we will see like I missed all those there's no method to my badness right now just smashing everything we can trying to get as many smash points as we can and this is not working out too well in first person you can see other side some more smash barrels this is definitely a difficult in first person for sure fall off I didn't think we're gonna make that jump but we did definitely gonna kind of want to see that jump unreplay back over we're good we already smashed these so I gotta find my way back to some we are outside the track yep so we're gonna have to try this in not first person or a third person cuz give us maybe a better idea of where we're going no don't leave chapter restart challenge yes go on the outside view try it this way I kind of a better idea of where I am except for that get dragged I thought that was gonna look good but we're gonna try it again so this is not an easy an easy challenge you guys play dirt board you guys do this event this challenge how do you guys do on it I didn't want to fall off nope ah so apparently that's not the way to go so I'm trying to go in the other way see aside to come back to dirt for and just throw myself right into this so all those and I probably shouldn't broke for that this is definitely not easy and I am over revving this car so much and smashing into walls this is not easy but it is a lot of fun though feel like I was better on the time trials ones to be like almost Jim Conn a master to do this stuff I didn't think I was gonna make that up we're nowhere even near bronze so trying to find some more there they are I'm through the air nope we did not get more so this a whole smashing bit it's definitely difficult so let's see if we can win one of the speed challenges maybe at least on a lower lower standard because I do have this on probably the highest difficulty possible because I was out running all the other rally races so like I said you guys like to see more this don't forget to tap that like button subscribe to my subscriber I do appreciate all support we're gonna go into time-attack masters which we are on Lancia Lancia Lancia can we run time attack six in the focus it looks like we can see we're gonna go back in the first person for this racing aspect so definitely having a lot of fun doing the dirt for so we'll be playing some more rally games getting into maybe some rally cross and some rally stages so if you guys want to see more rally racing on the channel don't forget to tap like button as well as torque drift beta videos coming about more as well so we're just waiting for this to load and then we will see how we do in this time trial in this fiesta or focus ST I didn't really remember which one it is get rekt see which one it is fiesta ST all right go to challenge yeah yep get it got it I like that little cluster I'll see if we can't end this episode off on a good note trying to get as many of these little M&M's as I can these are very spread out this time so this is kind of very cool to the aspect of this because it kind of makes you have to have to troll the car as well you break forward like that was gonna be my shifter I do this elevation changes in first person definitely a lot different don't roll don't roll thank you red triangles got that green one though well red couldn't cut that turn like I wanted to there was I knew I was gonna pick up that one this one's only two laps so oh we made it up don't fall don't fall don't fall I thought we were gonna fall where's the star finish line I feel like we are really far from the start line there it is minute 20 so I think we should at least get bronze in this one as long as we don't hit a whole bunch of red dots it's probably not a good idea those three seconds that I just picked up I probably just lost I will take those three seconds off miss that one but so therefore definitely a lot of fun if you guys play dirt for and you do these joy rides have you beaten them all have you not you know have you beaten the ones that I tried to beat on first try out and you know didn't you know did you never even try to a ride you know now let me know down in the comment section we're gonna go this way because I know there's a bunch of stuff over here cut off as many seconds as we can go you break is definitely my friend on these upper portions I don't think I have to hit clutch but you know it's just normally for me is to when I pull the e-brake I gotta push it on clutch but I don't think I have to here in dirt for because I don't use clutch shift because it's a bunch of gearbox I knew we're gonna pick that one up that water splash take that extra green green little Eminem we're not gonna go up because we already went up last time so we're gonna save ourselves the hassle of going up and stay down so I think hopefully we can actually finish and get a bronze I don't think we will though because there's still a long way to go it's gonna be close oh just short so I think that's good to do here for this episode here on dirt for these you want to see more dirt for on the channel let me know down in the comment section below once again a big thank you to you guys for the thousand subscriber mark can't thank you guys enough for subscribing channel and coming back every day for these videos so until next time you guys know you can follow me on Facebook twitch Twitter and Instagram all of which are found in the description box below as always I thank you guys for watching I'm evil rabbit I'm out


We did actual work and we produced something that we then shared with others, so let's start there. How I am and who I am and what I'm doing, so on. I'm doing polyprop for some years at least professionally, I hope for that as well. And it's about compression of CSS, so that's in itself rather simple. I did that at the optimizations in the bookings and that already gives an idea of, we've done it on a bigger scale. And that's how it's interesting. And it was, why we did it? Because there are already existing solutions for it. And we were dependent on the Yahoo's UA Compressor, which is using Java, so you have startup times that are not very fun. Apart from that, we wanted to do more things, like we actually wanted to do this at runtime. And at that point you start thinking, ow. Yeah, and we wanted to do this not only for the dynamic things, but also basically all the side sheets. All the things that we had because we were using the UA Compressor for this. And as mentioned, dynamic side sheets as well. And yeah, we wanted to be able to integrate it. So I was thinking, why can't I just have a simple call that does the compression and I immediately give it back, and then it should be fast so not too much latency. And how we did it before, we had pre-production phase one script that goes over the whole template tree. Oh, here are all the CSS files. When you do next, we want to produce multiple versions. We have multiple versions, we have multiple domains, so you need this for staging, and you need different host names and development versions of everything. And then in order to call the UA Compressor, you first need to write it on this, which is already pretty annoying because you could do it in memory if that wasn't interesting. And as you get multiple thousand files, you want to make this faster, and not in the sequential lines, so you start multiple JVMs in parallel, and overhead sketch as well. Some people don't really want to realize that, I think. As I increase the number of files into thousand, then it already starts working. Few JVMs in KVMs, nice, so virtualized, virtualization basically, and yeah, waste of time in my opinion. Well, I could have done instead of re-implementing this, write socket access for Java things. I actually did that before, and it worked sort of well, but you still need to maintain those, and I never really wanted to do that. I started JVM tuning probably because I don't care that much, but it should just work. And also I want to invest into infrastructure that I have already instead of spending time on something that's a single application, maybe it's worth it, but still, if it's part of the full stack, then we have already, it's supposedly easier to maintain. And also dependencies, and it's fun. It was a really fun project. So the plan was to have it fast from the start, so I basically always had NYT proof running aside, compiling everything, and then of course it has to produce correct resize, which is, well, the most important requirement to begin with, to be able to bring it in production or anything like that. And so, yeah, I started reading the source, and well, then at some point I should write some poll that does what I want. When reading the source, there were some interesting things. It's mostly regular expressions, actually. I was expecting them to have a proper parsing model and whatnot, but they don't. And how they're doing regular expression was also something that I, like if you're using code, you don't think about this, but because regular expressions are part of the core, it's just happening, it's fast, you don't need to worry about memory allocation. What they did, they were basically building regular expression objects over and over and over again in groups, and then using the result of the first one to set up the next, and yeah, so memory pressure, very high, so it was rather obvious that I couldn't get involved. And they also had a lot of tests that was also great. I had a lot of production files, but having their tests and being compatible with them upstream allowed me to be really sure that what I'm doing is correct in here. So over then, hacking it in code. Of course, I started with the tests from upstream, and then a few files and files we had in production just to have even more test cases. And then I took some time to understand how their whole concept of regular expressions work, and the fun part is in the end that the resulting file code, logically, what it does internally is pretty much the same than the Java code, even though it looks completely different. But if you follow the flow, it's understandable, even though it's using things like execution with irregular expressions and so on. But some of it is done for speed, some of it is just showing how compact you can do those things in code. That's one of the things I liked in the old project, as experienced from my side. So what we got, start-up times, not even going to talk about it. But runtime performance, that was still interesting. So the whole memory pressure resulted in roughly 50% performance improvement. So we were running this on our systems on 925. It does a bit more than just the CSS part. The weak compressor also has JavaScript compression, which I did not tackle because that actually was parsing it properly. I still would like to do it, but I'm not sure of this project. And we dropped the time down less than half. And we're processing almost half of the files, and the runtime dropped more than half. And for the dynamic style sheets, I had nothing to compare with. So just assuming runtime is good enough. And you could still ask why I didn't do that.  There are other modules. We went through a whole bunch of modules on C time, and none of them was as good as the weak compressor. And also testing all other modules just to find out that they are not reducing when we want didn't feel like that. And we know that it works reliably. It gives us exactly what we wanted, and we're quite happy with it. And on top of that, we can use it any imaginable way. And even right now we're using it in a customized version, but it's very simple to think that. One or two lines of changes. And I'm even thinking if I should plot that back, but I first need to find out if that's too specific or if it can be applied in general. It's something for left to right language change switching. So if anybody has a problem there and is interested, let me know then and you can figure that out. Of course, we'll be faster than C. There are XS implementations. Haven't really tested. What ability is also a question, and I like the fact that it's pure core because you can just run it everywhere. There are some examples of benchmarks that prove on this kind of things actually is faster than C and C++. I guess that also depends how it's implemented. Because a very cool influence memory access. Yes, exactly. And memory management is so good that I would doubt is there are benchmarks where C is slower than both? Well, like I'm mentioning some articles where people also discuss the performance and there are C versions which are faster, but then I'm still questioning the results. So, yeah, good job. And as mentioned, it should be easy to integrate and change. I think it is. So then we went into the integration phase, which I think is also interesting to mention. So we have this script that's always running with employee stuff and I just extended that script to also use the whole version of it in the background and then check for the differences and send the divs back to me by our mate so we can figure out what went wrong. And it was very good for that. I actually found a typo that was made upstream where left and right wasn't really matching and then I was actually improving on our side further than upstream and I sent the patches upstream and they took more than two years to release it with that. So we were ahead of time for some bit. Next step was to do active testing but still do the comparison to see if stuff goes wrong. And yeah, after that it was running for some weeks. We basically just made an announcement and put it into production and since then we're using it. Yeah, the mentioned dynamic sessions are now really simple because the more you just expose one function that you can import, you give it your CSS and you get back the minified version. And yeah, this test... Yeah, I tested it as well. So this actually works. So give it your CSS, you get it back and that's fast. How was it? No, I don't remember the times exactly. Yeah, and we run some experiments with those dynamic stat sheets but generally we actually had separate clusters for this and maintaining it was not really worth it. Maybe we should try it again in two years or something and it's used wherever we can. So that's already quite some success and I also found that external people noticed it and started using it. So I started myself with a blog post then it was mentioned on Hacker News where then were discussions how Perl is beating Java and whatnot which was related to the memory pressure point where the external pressure that we have or had at that point was that we can be Java. Which while screen processing that points to Brian and also was related for some time what was a nice discussion showed up in completely unrelated techniques which I also found cool points on Twitter as well but yeah, after some time I still wasn't really happy because that wasn't enough. I wanted more users, more users, something like that. Plugins, that was obvious. For black for example or more delicious, those are the two that I use sometimes. So I created a middleware for black which allows you to adjust a mini.css and pure css files just to be compressed on the fly and it's reusing the static black middleware so it's really just a few lines of code that basically wrap the css compressed function and you can hook it up to your builder like that and do that. Similar for more delicious just a lot of plugging and there you go for the light apps as well as for more and you can change the suffix to whatever you like. Somebody else, don't recall who it was but created this setup plugin as well so if you are creating web apps and you want to ship compressed files you just need to load the css compressor to the setup plugin and you're done. You can even do more compressions there where you're saying you just scan this specific file or this directory and only compress those but with that everything will be compressed directly. So what was big? Are there any questions or compresses? Other feedback? Involve xs. What kind of compression are you doing? White space trimming? It's white space trimming it's also looking at color codes and then for example if you have a hashtag in 6f that gets cut down to 3f and then those sort of things. So you know there will be inheritance of color values because that's inheritance. But it's also much harder. I'm going to follow up on this question if you have code that has a statement in the later and it's getting repeated because it also sent that out oh it's extraneous code it doesn't get used because... That's actually a very nice thing. But I don't know yet how to generalize it I would like to have that where you basically have a web page inline css and you would pass that out and somehow make the connection or compress it inline. Somebody has something called dust base selectors where it can find css that isn't being used and you could look at the code for that and see how it's determining that a later piece of code the total variety of previous piece of code says exactly the same thing because you see a lot of people or people write code that it doesn't do anything because you're missing some other property depending on so you know I actually code with like 10 lines or something like that one of those lines can do anything because the things in inline we have a block. We're working with tons of those we're even exceeding the limits of id67 and so on then you can only load a certain amount of roots and if you're exceeding that 32 Yeah Once I wrote in bars of css what's written in css and then you can solve these things that's extremely hard because you have so many different forms you need all the css tags some different syntax I would say the least of the problems how specific rules are you can operate them from elsewhere with not important rules like that's exactly what I'm afraid of different defaults and so on We're here to call the sort of a numbering system actually as far as what can override what and when it's like weights We can't even get them to that It's quite difficult Somebody wrote a little thing that actually was just looking at who overwrites what like an id had a weight of this a place selector or space had a weight of this and they could just say well this one is more weights than this one If you want to get a value and then you have to follow the rules it's easier than if you want to minimize the set of rules I think first you want to run through and get rid of everything that you know it's overridden anyway and then compress you have to do it in a new set of processes What would be a very nice step to have in front of the right PTO Next slide


The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant changes in lifestyles, including increased production of municipal solid waste. In particular, single-use plastics and personal protective equipment, PPE, have become more prevalent due to the pandemic, leading to increased waste management challenges. Developed countries have been able to cope with this issue better than developing and low-middle income countries due to their existing infrastructures. However, there is still a need to make adjustments to waste management systems and provide public education to reduce the negative impacts of the pandemic on developing countries.


谢谢张宪晓谢谢你今天参与我今天会放到35分钟的节目有很多讨论所以我要说非常快让我先来30分钟的节目与英语讲一句用途列室的主题有班一号So I'm the co-founder of Open Source Director.Please wait a second.I'm dealing with technical problems.Can you please help me with the pointer?It doesn't move here.Please wait a second.I hope it works.请你查看设置者,等一会再试试对不起,你等着再一次对不起,我的设置不在设置者对不起,你等着再一次我叫Ted Liu, I'm the director of Kairen Shea, which is an open source club.I also work in Apache.I'm a member of Apache.In China, there are 13 Apache ASF members, and I'm one of the 13 members in China.And I've been working in two areas.Most of the time, I'm working on open source in mainland China.And the other part of my job is to work as the ASF incubator.And moreover, for some projects, I work as a mentor.So these are my responsibilities.So currently, China...Actually, from 2015, there were three programs in China.And now there are 14 projects of Apache in China,some are from big companies or startupsor from individuals.So they make use of Apache platform for incubationand then they were officially released.Uptill now, there have been 14 projects in China.And among that nine are official programsand the other five are still in incubation.And for Apache, I'm also one of the founder's committee members.I work with Microsoft and any other companies for sponsorship.In China, we have Huawei Tencent, Baidu Anibabaand one other company who are sponsoring Apache.So I work with these sponsors in China, too.It's going to continue with my presentation.I'll wait a few seconds.Thank you for waiting.So I'm going to talk about Kaian社which is the open source society.And then I'll give a brief introduction to itand then I'll talk about open sourceand the open source governance practice.I'll talk about the procedureswhich will be quite boring.So my PDF version can be downloadedso I'm going to talk about it very fast.So I'm not going to spend a lot of time on the procedures.I'm also going to talk about the selection of a license.So Kaian社 was founded in Octoberand CSDN and gave cafeand some other committees.So it was supported by open source individuals,communities and enterprises.And it's actually established and volunteers.So for this platformwe work under the principles of contribution,consensus and governance.We call it a community of community.We hope that in Chinawe're going to promote a sustainableopen source community.And we hope that in Chinathe open source community can contributeto the global community of open source.So currently we're working in four areas.So actually the mission of our communityincludes four areas.Some people will say thatfor our societywe do not have our technologybut the fact is that our technologyis faced towards developers.So we have four missions.The first one is open source governancewhich means to have horizontalmanagement on this community.Second,we're going to have community development.We believe 1 plus 1 is over 2so we develop as a community.The third one is going international.We have done a lot of work in this area.For example,we work with manyinternational foundations.And when we come to Chinaactually many international foundationsalready know usand they got to work with us.And the last part is open source projects.So these are our missions.Let me talk about it one by one.First one is open source governance.So as for our conferenceusually in the pastwe had smaller conferencesand in recent yearsthere are bigger and biggerconferences about open source.So actually this kind of governanceincludes the open sourceprocess guidance,open source licenselegal advisory etc.So you can go to our websitefor more information.For example,we providethe automatic selectionof open source onlineand we also providelegal advisory service.We also launch theChina open source ecosystem reportin China.So for the open source initiativeKaiyuan sure is the onlymember in this community.So in terms of community developmentwe have our annual conference.This year we are going to haveour annual conferenceon November 2nd and 3rd.It's called COSCONand also we haveHECTHON andonline and offline programsand also Linux activities.As for going internationalwe work with many topinternational foundations.So this is also the partthat we are very good at.We assist communitiesand governments and companiesto work with international foundationsand also we haveour open source platform.We help open sourcedevelopment with their projectsand also link themto the business's needs.We hope for thehardworking programmerswhile contributingto open source can alsoget recognizedand acceptedand adoptedand even incentivized by businesses.So the next is thatHECTH platformthe HECTH marathon platformwe have organizeddozens of happy marathonsin starting 2018with theparticipation of Microsoftit wasthis platform wasdonatedto Kairen社Soalso we havewaychat robotsSo earlier todayI was talking to some colleaguesfrom Tencenttalking about whatwaychat robots can doA lot of communicationis done on waychatlike in other countriesIn Chinathey talk about work onwaychat and social mediaSo now the waychatrobots can help every groupto keep chat uptheir conversationsThe chat history can beseen toPeterwhich is a githubSo all the chat historyis documented thereSo there isa loga daily log ofthe conversationor chat historyseen to your mailboxand alsothe newofficial websiteismigrated to the githuband alsowe make this any reportof open sourcing Chinaand if you go to ourexhibition boothand fill out your profileI can see that people are working hardand treating the questionnear seriouslyso that if yougo there and get signed upand then we can send you the2019 China open sourcingany report as welland we make it availableSo here is theorganizational structureand we are volunteersfor profit organizationwe have seven directorsand also ten working groupsand one executivecommitteeone executive directorand also we havean advisory committeewhich aregood friends and expertsfrom China and other parts of the worldand also we have theregulatory committeeregulatory advisory committeelike Kevin Huang hereand many other old friendswho are often giving usadviceso these are the directorsof thisof 2019and we are very special comparedwith other foundations in other countriesbecause you can seethree of them are ladiesand how good looking ladieswho are also very competentI mean we haveso many womenour boardand you can see thatthis is the executive committeeand the ten working groupsso they have division of workand some work onregulatory affairs and mediaopen source educationand soafter five yearswe gradually built upthe competence because everybodyhas to work 996and they spend their spare timeat night toawaken and make things happenlittle by littlethis year's China open source conferencewill take place in Shanghaiyou can join us as a volunteeror as an audience memberother way will be goodyou can see howby just usingso few staff members or volunteerswe organize the China open sourceconference every yearand this PR code isKaiyuan shows official accountwe chat you are free to follow usyou are welcome to follow usand next I want to talk aboutthe openand open sourceas we knowopen source is becomingmore and moreadopted by businessesbecause they can deploy fasterand the developmentis better and maintenance is cheaperthey used to bespecializedcustomized software likelots of the customizationand lots of this businesssoftware suites and nowin the worldof open sourcethey can download it anddo a lot of integrationrather than customizationof course there is still customizationbut we can see thatmore and more Chinese companiesare participatingopen source hereusing them and more and morein developing open sourcebut meanwhile it's becoming morecomplex because there are so many choicesyou have so many licensessource codescompatibility issuesupdating and so onthere are so many choicesespecially in the world of cloudwe knowit's opennessopen source and between softwarebetween licensesthere are alwayscompatibility issuesare they really openthere are so many optionsmany users and businessesfind it difficulttoday I was talking to a government officialthey do standardizationso in recent yearsthe government has beenchanging its rolechanging its rolefrom beingby providing the instructionto helping the ecosystemto growthey want to really knowwhat the grassroots levelpeople are thinkingwhat the businesses and developers are thinkingso just now I talked about opennessand open sourceso openness is a biggerit's a bigger topicopen source doesn'tit's not everything for opennessbecause openness is also aboutthe standardizationand the communitythe standardization is very importantso in open sourceand open source there are lots of standardsif everybody respects thesestandards it will be easy for usto communicatebut there are projects and softwarethat didn't follow these standardsbecause they were so bigthey thought they were the standard setterthey were the standards themselveshowever we still need interoperabilityand lots of communicationbetween usso if you think about theopen source is only part of the ecosystemif you think about an open ecosystemit will definitely includeopen source andcommunity andstandards and interoperabilityso up to now I want to say thatworldwidemore and more businessesare participatingin open source by using itor by even participating in thedevelopment of itso here is the statisticsfrom the research done byapachee foundationwhat is the most successfulgovernance model for open sourcegovernanceand according to their researchthe big open source foundationscan do projectsthat arethat are biggerbigger than one company's projectno matter it's open sourceor not open sourceor by a projectby small organizationso these big foundationshave much bigger projectsin terms of community sizeand user group sizeand when businessesparticipatingin open source developmentthey do their mathroiso usually they expectfive timesreturn investmentbecause they have so many users and participantssolike for one single companylike mySQLqt and open officethey are usually smallerprojects with smaller communitiesandfew year numberfew year developers andfew year daily submissionsand about this big foundationslike top nine biggest foundationsusuallythe average number of developersis over one thousandand the daily code submissionis over one hundredthis is from the researchby apacheeso for not for profit foundationhow should they help the community growthe most important wayis thatthe businesseswe understand that they should workclosely with these big foundationsrather than working in isolated waysso that they will havebigger market potentialsand bigger sizebecause the more users participatethe more contributors contributethe bigger the community will beespecially the foundationguided communitiesand they will have more clientsand more code contributionsthis will lead to a positive cyclejust now we learnedabout the introductionsobecause the open sourceis adopted by many businessesin other countriesand lately in Chinaif you think about the big companieslike by Duhua, Alibaba, TencentJDand DD and 360they have been participatingin open sourceso because there is the economic factorthe return investmentit helps the businessand nextI wanna talk about thiswhen you use so manywhen you use so muchopen source softwarehow do you govern the communityso actuallymany people think it's just about licensingbut actually license is part of itthere is also risk managementand also regulatory governanceand alsocommunity governanceabout how to develop your communityjust now I talked about the interoperabilityand the communitythey are all importanthow do you develop the communityand also how do you have good governancefor one single projectopen source governance is a very big frameworkok nextthisthis is a quotationfrom the president of ASFit says open source governanceis a social frameworktoday I may not have timeto really talk about open source licensingI mean there is a lot to sayabout open source licensingit's a legal frameworkand we knowopen source governanceit's a social frameworkso licensing is only the legal partof the frameworkmany peoplemany companies understand the importanceof open source they want to use itthey want to adopt itthey want to contribute to itso these companies needopen source governancethey need a virtual teamor a tangiblegovernt open source workit's part of the extensionof their operationsso if you look at the big companieslikegoogle,intel,microsoftmany othersand also many startupslike facebook,github,twitterand so onthese companiesthey have thisto do groupso this is the head ofour open source education teamhe is a very good writerI read his writing every dayand he also has thisbook creating clubhe started itit has very high requirementto join inso this is the helpfrom some open source expertthey are helping usabout the open source officemany companies arehaving it alreadyso what do they actually dowhat can they helpwhat can they help withthe open source officeopen source project officelike osposo I want to show this slideexcuse mesoopen sourceprogram officecan do lots of thingsprocess,policyeducationpopularizationcommunity relationsregulatory affairscomplianceand also technical guidanceit can do lots of thingsthe ospoopen source programofficeso there are many detailsI will not go into todayofficefirst we need to have a team leaderso for every companyor for every projectwe need to havea leader to implement the strategiesso we need to first choosethe leaderand after that we need to definewhat we need to doand collect feedbackfrom different departmentsand also gain supportfrom different functionsand also it needs todesignwhether it's going tobe across a functionor whether it belongsto a specific developmentfor example for Microsoftit is under the engineering departmentit was called Microsoftopen technologyand I was also a part of itand some actually put itand marketingand development relationshipfor Netflixit has a coursefunction teambecause it's a B2C companyso as for the staff membersthere are alsodifferent types of staff membersfor examplethere needs to be a project managerand alsowe need to havea legal staffand also the OSRBwhich actuallyis a committeewith people from differentdepartmentsmoreoverthere are also governance toolsand training staffwho are responsible for thatand alsothere are peoplewho are responsible fordeveloping toolsand systemsand integrationso it can be big or smalland it's very flexible後面我講幾個案例so I'm going to talk about a few casesso one is about Twitterso for Twitterit was an open sourcefrom day one it started withit'sand currentlythere were over 300 millionactive usersand every daythere were about 500 milliontweets80% of mobile usersso as for an open sourceofficeit can do something differentit has a more broader viewso it hasopen standardsandit's also part of open datait may use of open dataopen source, open standardsand community managementand outreachso for open source officeit aims athighest speedandmore strictnessso it aimsat less bureaucracysecondit aimsat a more presentopen source procedureand that meansto havemore present environmentamble 3 is to havehigher efficiency to protect the companyand number 4 isto establish a communityfor its key projectswithout a communityit's hard for a projectto succeedso actually people saythat a project is successfulif they launch itwithoutthe contribution from othersbut the fact isthat it's hardfor the community to growif you have this kind of mechanismso one of the foundationsis thatfor an average projectwhich is notexcellent if you have a communityto support it it will get moreexcellentif you believe that your project is good enoughand you don't need more contributionfrom the outsidethen this project is probably not going to growso as for open source projectin China and in other countriesthere are many differencesso for many projectsthey protect themselvesand they do not growand they do notattractcontributionsfrom the outsideactually educationand cultureare really importantso I have 5 minutesand what doestreater learnactually it hasthe best trapsorry I had some technical problemsso I had to speed upso treater learn a lotfrom itsprojectsfor example I applied license 2.0and MIPso at the beginningyou need to choosepermissivelicenseand it has learned a lotin time managementand in community managementit has learned a lotfrom methods tooso they work withthe academics and universitiesvery closelyso for different projectsthey have different learningsthey also work withthe open source foundationfor example for methodsin big dataand they gain a lotof best practiceand also they learnfrom train catchand alsothe upstreamhas been given privilegein this projectso due to limitation of timeI am not going to talk about everythingso afterthe open sourceit has contributionsfrom different sourcesand from different countriesand this has actually enhancedthe dynamicsof the projectso what they have learnedis thatcontribution will bring more influenceand the communityis born withthe contribution of outsiderssowhat I want to emphasizeis that every companyshould ask itself many questionswhen it is involvedin the open sourceso I have the pdf versionI am going for you to downloadso as for open sourceit has eight elementsso as for the eight elementslisted herethey are very importantbut I didn't have time to talk about itone by oneso as forsuppliancewell at the beginningthe company needs to knowfor open sourcewhat are the advantages of itare there going to be advantagesin technologyand as for the open sourceprojectsit is part ofour productwhat kind of value can we find from itwhat is the costand the risksand whether there are trustfrom the communityand then as for M&Aor business negotiationsor sales or product launchwhether the open sourceis going tothe solution and what needs to be preparedfor itand alsoas for the supply chainespecially for OENwe need to have the open sourcesupply chain to bring more reliabilityI don't think I have time to cover the restof my presentationso there are a lot of thingsthat I wanted to mentionbut due to limitation of timeI'm not going to talk about itso the next issueI wanted to talk aboutisthe procedures for selectionof a licensefor example for theproject reportand the softwareprogramsso as for the procedureswe need to answerthe questions before we startthe proceduresand after thatwe would have the fundsand then as for thesoftware toolsand third party manufacturerswe give our investmentwe also need to know moreabout the resourceand the databasesorry I didn't have time for thatas for the configurationand the preparationI'm also going to skip itand there are some resourcesthat you cango toand in my PDF versionyou can get more information from itand this is aboutgetting the codein different resourcesso this is aboutthe learningpolicyso this is aboutthe compliance check procedurethis is aboutrequest and approval proceduresthis is aboutauditing and reportingand this is aboutthe open sourcegovernance toolsyou can actually find it onlineI was talking toLinux foundationand there are some toolslike SPDSwhich we can useso this is aboutopen source managementmetalswith this kind of toolsand there arehelp that you can get from itbut this is not a potentthere are some detailsthat can be quite challengingfor yousoat the selection ofthe toolsyou need to talk to expertsor consultantsbefore you use itso this is abouthow Google didit's open sourceand you can report to my PDF versionso I don't have timeto talk about the proceduresthere is not a lot to coverbut if you take your timeI don't have time for the rest of itthank you for listening