Welcome to All Things LGBTQ Plus Youth Edition. Today is January 14th, 2019. My name is Sophia, but I use Steve as a nickname. I use she, her pronouns. I'm Oliver, I use he, him, they, them, pronouns. My name is Shules, and I use they, them, pronouns. Today's topic is how to be a good ally. And I think that we should start out with a more positive side of things. Your show is very negative, we should switch that around. Indeed. So let's talk about what being a good ally looks like or feels like to us. So the ideal ally in our brain. Exactly. Like an ideal world, what would the ally look like? Right, Oliver. All right, I think what makes a good ally, some of the, there's a few like key things that you need to be to be a good ally. I think you need to be very understanding and willing to sort of learn and grow whenever people are like correcting you on stuff or whenever you learn something new, you just have to like be able to go with it without being offended or thinking like it's about like you making a mistake and like apologizing over and over, like just be understanding, learn, grow, move on. And I think like making sure to be an ally unconditionally, like not just when it's convenient for you but always like sticking up for a queer rights. Yeah, that's very. Well said. Well said. But definitely just thinking about the fact that you don't need to make us feel bad if you do something incorrectly or say something incorrectly just, just understand that you need improvement or need to fix that and carry about. It's not a bad thing to need improvement. And if you're an ally, you need to be actually supportive. So showing support is key.  Like you have to be actively supporting your queer friends, family, the community as a whole. And you can't have certain things that you're okay with and not be okay with some things. For example, like being okay with gay men and lesbian women and all of that, but not being okay with the idea of a trans person. So that's also something. But I won't say anything else because everything else is negative. Another really important thing for allies and a really amazing thing to see is being an educated ally and knowing a lot about this community and knowing not like you're rolling it, but like the importance of, like you as an ally and how important they are to queer people and just being an educated ally. And I think we touched on this. So we're not a good thing about being an educated ally and something that really anyone should know is that in the acronym, LGBTQIA, what the A stands for. Yes. It does not stand for ally, fun fact. Allies are amazing. You're so amazing. Thank you so much. But unless you are not cis-het, you are not in the queer community. Yeah. That is what the acronym is for. I think people need to understand that like a lot of the people who like make the whole, the A is for ally argument or like you should be inclusive of allies in your community, like a lot of those people are really just looking for attention and looking to be like called a good person and praised and all of that. Whereas they're not really helping us cause if all you're doing is like talking about what a great ally you are and like saying that you should have like a place in the acronym, which is not the point, then like you're not actually helping queer people. You're really just distracting from the actual issues that are going on. Plus the acronym is already so long. I have to like spit it out every time. I was once complimented on how fast I was able to say it and I was like, you get a lot of practice. Yeah. I think that definitely not just the A but other things if you are not in that acronym already, it's not gonna be added cause it's for the queer community. And I don't know. So, yeah. I think we should like that's a really good point but we should also clarify that what we mean by that is not that if you're like pan or something like that. Like the point is that you, if you're cisgender, heterosexual, heteroromantic, you're not part of the community and so you're not gonna get like, you shouldn't be making an argument for getting like some extra letter added or like making your case for like why you're part of the queer community. Like if you're cisgender, heterosexual, heteroromantic, you're just not. Right. You're wrong with the argue for having the S put in there for straight. What? That was a thing. That is not a thing actually. I understand people like wanting a sense of community and like I do understand that. But they're also, they're not oppressed. But they're not being oppressed and they're not being like, I don't know, they don't have issues for just being alive. Like this isn't. Yeah. I mean some of them might. Right. Absolutely. But in terms of gender and sexuality and like, yeah. So I think that. I think that's, yeah. Like I'm so long you guys. Okay. So, let's see. I guess kind of this kind of was briefly mentioned already a little bit but being an educated ally is very important. If you call yourself an ally, you must be educated. You must know about the community. Even if you just Google it, which isn't always the answer. Google is free and it's a great resource. I can offer you, I'm sorry, but I had to quote that real quick. Not sponsored, but it's okay. Google, please sponsor us. I think that another thing like, it's so important to be an educated ally and like you have to know a lot about the issues you're talking about rather than just like supporting stuff or just like making a statement every once in a while. Like we should stand up for like this community's rights without doing anything. Like that's just not helpful. So you need to be able to educate yourself on that and also like educate yourself on your place as an ally and like your privilege and like educate yourself on how you can use your privilege to help other people rather than like pretending you're part of the community because you're not. But I think maybe like we should also mention that that doesn't mean you can't want to be an ally if you don't know things about like the queer community. Like you can, you just shouldn't really label yourself like an ally and talk about it all the time.  So you don't have to be like, like I guess what I'm trying to say is we shouldn't make it seem like it's unachievable. Just because you have to be like super educated.  Like there's still good allyship from people who aren't super educated, but the goal is like work towards that. I mean, and the goal is to make potentially everyone an ally by educating them. Yeah. That is the goal of like a lot of things like this is the goal to make everyone an ally and everyone feel good by educating people. Even though we are not educators. And I even think that like even if you, it's not our job to educate you, but we can help. Like it's, we're not, most of us, I at least, I'm not trying to speak for everyone, but if you would like some information, I am glad to talk to you about it. Like I have so many pamphlets. I don't have all of the knowledge, but I will help as best as I can because if it means that there's going to be another ally, then I'm all for it. Seek out that knowledge if you're really good. It's seeking out knowledge in general. It was just like what you should do with the goal of everything is to be more knowledgeable. I'm like, if you're questioning, seek out knowledge. If you want to be an ally, seek out knowledge. Just do that. Just learn. Yeah, like if you talk to queer people, a lot of queer people are willing to have conversations about stuff or like we'll respond to a polite question, but at the same time, like it's also important to consider as an ally that like queer people aren't just like your dictionary and one queer person doesn't speak for all of them. So like if you come to me and ask me some question about like trans women of color, like I can't speak for them because I'm not a trans woman of color. So like I can't give accurate information because that's just like not my point of view. So like I'm not speaking from the point of view of those people. So I can't speak for them. So I think like understand that just because someone's part of the community doesn't mean they know everything about it. So don't always rely on, like try to get a diverse set of people to talk to about the issues, I guess. I think we touched on that pretty well. And then we can talk a little, Steve. Sorry, I just had one more. Oh, go ahead, sorry. I think that just don't take the easy way out in just asking one person, like do your research if you actually care. If you don't care, then don't mind. Like so that's all. But something we can speak on more personal level and more a better perspective is allies in school. So teachers, administration and students. I think yeah, that and parental allies could be kind of one kind of topic. So what's it with that one then, parental allies? How to be an ally as a parent? If you're like your child comes out to you, what is the best course of action?  I think not using but as much like I support you but. I understand but you are great but like it's not, you by using your words you're not gonna change or actions honestly. If you, I don't know what you're into but if that's not going to change their thoughts or way of life, like it's not your choice. The only thing you can do if you want them to stay around is support them and be knowledgeable if you can. Even if you just treat them like they are. Which is. I don't want to think you can treat them any different. Well yes, but. But also like you shouldn't treat them any different but also like if they're in need of, like a lot of queer kids are gonna be in need of extra support, like that's something that you should take into consideration. So don't just be like oh yeah, like we know you're queer, that's great whatever and like disregard it and be like oh I'm treating them the same as like my straight child because like. Quality. You have to like offer them the support. Like it's more about like one point that applies to a lot of situations is like equity versus equality.  In terms of their identity. I think in general always give your kid as much support as you can give and also there are scenarios where you would, you should treat them the same. Yeah. But in certain scenarios it's important. And as a kid who has come out to their parents, I think for me the best course of action that, like the best outcome that could have happened was them literally just going like okay. Mm-hmm. Okay. Okay. Go clean your room. That was like for me personally that would be the best course of action. Like as a parent if the kid ever come out to me that would be my goal to help my, I would like to be able to react. I think a lot of people like the way the world is right now, like in the future I feel like that's ideal and or that just like coming out as a concept isn't a thing but also. Or that everything has to come out. That like you, but some parents I think some could feel like when they come out to someone and then that person's just like okay cool. And like moves on with the conversation is a little bit dismissive and like and like not really acknowledging them enough. So I think some people like if they come out that's like a really difficult thing to do. And so like I think some people feel like you're sort of dismissing all their like bravery and everything by just like saying okay, that's whatever like I don't really care. So I think it can be taken in different ways. It's a tricky thing to deal with, especially immediately after the coming out. And then what about being a parental ally few months, few years after they come out? What would be like an everyday kind of ally thing? I think the most immediate when it comes to my brain is whatever they ask you to do, pronouns, name, you just go with it. I think one thing that like a lot of family members specifically like friends and whoever else too but like parents a lot of the time take things super personally and that's something that you shouldn't do. Like and that applies to coming out of course. Like that means that like if you, if your kid comes out to you, don't like talk to them about like, oh this is so like hard for me. It's like, no, they're the ones struggling but then also like it applies to other situations.   It's just like your kid feels more comfortable like that so you shouldn't take it as a personal attack and I think that applies. And those feelings too, I think like of like names apparently like I picked those feelings that you just mentioned are like valid, like feeling like, oh, You shouldn't be talking to your kid about that. You shouldn't be talking to your kid about it. Like talk to your therapist about that. But like talk to your spouse if you have one like, those are valid feelings have. Or your therapist in private, like that is not your decision. It's not a choice. Everyone should have a therapist. Right. But everyone get a therapist if you can get a therapist. I think it's just like, parents need to understand or just like everyone, but I think particular parents are the people doing this a lot of the time need to understand that like, you don't, you shouldn't be talking to your queer kids about like the struggle they're making in your life. Yeah, like that's something, cause like parents go their kids, even if they're not queer. Don't say that. That's not a good thing to say to your kid.  And then the parent goes like, you know, do you have any idea how hard it has been?  And it's like it's not about your kid being ungrateful, it's just about them asking for the support they need. So I think that's, it falls in the category of like taking it too personally, but it's also just like, you shouldn't be dumping your problems on your kid, regardless of whether they're queer or not.  Which is, mm-hmm. Okay, we can talk about that for a while. And then they, if they asked you then, told you they needed support, you'd give it to them, but they tell you that they don't want to use the same pronouns anymore, or they don't want to like have crushes or like date the same gender that they have been. It's an issue. I don't, I just am not a fan of that concept because it shouldn't change. It's not your business really even. It's, they're just telling you so you can be a part of their lives and you should be thanking them for that. Because it is hard to do. And you don't realize until it's in the moment that you're doing it. And like, it's not a fun time, but when you do it, it's, no matter what the outcome is, it usually feels a little better in the moment. And the only, the best you can do is continue to give them support. So it's like nothing happened, but you're still acknowledging the fact in a positive way. If that makes any sense, I don't know. That's really well said. You were talking about guilt-tripping and my friends all enjoy ranching and I all enjoyed listening to their rants and I had a friend come to me and rant about their family member who had guilt-tripped them by using the example that they had bought them pants instead of a dress.  Yeah, no parents use all sorts of like. Anyone, do they just use these weird excuses that I'm like, that has nothing to do with the scenario?   Like that's just not. Ungrateful, I, that word.  It makes me so mad. You was saying like, you should be thankful that your kid told you this because it's so hard and it's like. Because they'd be like letting you into their lives. Yeah.   Or would you rather than like be happy? Because they're, I don't, I just, I just don't understand why it is such a big deal. Like it's not changing them. They, Your kid is still the same kid. They have been queer. Well, you have thought they're straight and cis. Whatever. You treated them just fine when they were, when they were queer and. They've always been queer. Yeah. Your kid isn't changing. They've always been this way. But when they realized that gender might be changing depending on how they identify. It's not, it doesn't change their personality. It's not something.  Exactly. People need to stop using that because it is not a personality trait. It can be how you express yourself, absolutely. But. I mean, odd as a personality trait. I think also that like, some people like, I had people, I had like a friend tell me after I came out to them, they were like, this is weird like, It's weird for me. Your personality has changed like, over the course of like a week, because before you were saying all this stuff about like, I don't know, like whatever that they considered like feminine or something, or me blatantly stating that I'm not trans. And then. Maybe. But, maybe you were lying.  Yeah, like this is the real personality being revealed and them becoming more comfortable in themselves, not like them changing personalities because of like something they read or something their friend said, like you need to realize that this has been like a gradual process and that they've thought about it a lot. It's not just like a sudden change. And it's acceptable to not like someone because of their personality. It's not acceptable to not like someone because they're queer.  And the change could be them feeling more free and a sense of relief. And a sense of self-expression. Like that could be a shift. It's not a change, it's a shift because they are expressing the person who they were exactly meant to be. And that is not anyone's thing or place to judge. So I don't, I, like you're saying it's not a personality trait and it doesn't change your personality but I believe that it is a very freeing thing and it can absolutely increase your state of mind which is wonderful I think. Because it's not a sickness, it's which like, I hear a lot, it's they're not irregular, they're happy. Like if you think they've changed rapidly it's because like coming out has, like it changes people for the better and like there's also a lot of like stigma about like you know how you can't change a lot and there's a lot of like, like we were just talking about like they haven't changed and that's true but also like if people have changed and if people were very sure that they were straight a few years ago and now they have just come out to you like even if they were sure themselves and it wasn't something they were hiding and they just like changed and grew and learned from that like that's completely valid too like you don't have to have been, like I didn't know I was trans for my whole life it wasn't something I've been hiding since I was like two years old like it's something that I realized and I don't think I would have been comfortable like expressing myself like that when I was like a little kid but like people's like gender is fluid and sexuality is fluid and whatever like you can change and grow and you don't have to have been the same your whole life if someone didn't change at all their entire life the personality didn't change, nothing changed it'd be a little weird yeah like if I remained a one year old like a personality of a one year old my entire life that's a little odd a little odd it'd be so boring like you would we're just like really entertaining yes but one of the two it would be the same thing it would be the same thing for your entire life and who would want that so we may have gone on a little slower that's okay it's okay it's a good conversation it's a productive conversation knowledge here you go here's your knowledge seek it out but the allies in the school community I know you can talk about this and I wanna listen to you talk about this okay so please talk about this administration, teachers and students and friends which is kind of like students that kind of peers I think that people don't always understand how super important it is for teachers to be good allies and like for the school to be a really accepting place because there's a lot of like like teachers or schools or like administration whatever it is who will just like there's these stickers I don't know if if they have these stickers I don't know how many schools they have those at but it's just like a little sticker that has a rainbow flag and it says like safe space and like it's an ally like teachers will put that on their doors they think that makes them an ally they're like okay this makes me an ally like I guess my queer students know that this is a safe space now and like they'll be fine like that's good enough but the reality is that like you have to you have to earn that and you have to really support your students and like listen to your students and a lot of that is just like recognizing that like yeah and like recognizing that you can't like it's it's a lot like I think being an ally as a parent in that like you shouldn't assume a default about your students so if you're having like a class discussion for instance about queer rights a lot of teachers like sort of organize that as if it's like and so everyone's straight yeah as if everyone's straight and it's like a fun debate that you're having and it's like in reality you're probably like hurting a lot of students in your classroom because you almost definitely like you you definitely have queer kids in your classroom you probably have some trans kids in your classroom and you need to be you're not to support them yeah I'll put it this rule okay but just like so those discussions right when I before I was out I like I had a suspicion that I was queer like a little thought and we had like discussions like that and I was like okay who'll probably hate me yeah it's like I was like looking around and I was like okay you you're probably gonna be fine with me so I'm gonna talk to you you probably hate me that's cool I'm gonna go over here yeah I could like figure it out and like weed out for the for a lot of for the like teacher if the teachers cishet and for the cishet students it's just like a topic to discuss and maybe you can like tie it to some current events or something like whatever that's great but you're probably not noticing that there are some comments being made that are hurtful and like you need to be really educated about those topics as a teacher so that you understand what's going on your classroom environment because if students feel like they're you know like if a classmate makes some like homophobic comment or joke and it's just like it's maybe it's not noticeable to the teacher but the queer kids in that classroom immediately recognize like okay like I'm not necessarily safe around that person if the teacher doesn't recognize that and learn to understand like how students communicate that then it's gonna be like not a safe space so you can't just like slap the safe space sticker on your door and call it a day and it's not like you have to get a huge rainbow flag and hang in your head I mean you could you could but you just need to show in everyday life that you can support this yeah and like it's another thing is like I did this yeah I have a question for you before we quickly change topics because this is a question but you just said say a kid makes a homophobic comment in class and the teacher recognizes it what should they do what should their reaction be should they call it out or should they just let it slide and not draw attention to it so I think what yeah is that funny yes what should they do I think that I've like seen this happen before and I've had teachers who have had different responses to that some of them are good some of them are not so good I think the best thing to do there is be able to call out the issue without victimizing without victimizing or like publicly shaming the person yeah so a lot of the time like like you don't want to just let it slide and pretend it didn't happen but you also don't want to be like hey like you just said a really awful thing and this is why you're wrong and like now let's have a whole class discussion about how like what a terrible person you are because like one takes away class time till you're shaming a person well like you're shaming a person and I think then students that also like takes a little bit away from that person's chance to like learn and grow and I'm not trying to defend students who make homophobic comments but I just think that like it's more productive as a teacher to like say hey like that comment wasn't so good and here's why and then explain like the issue and have some students talk about it in like an organized and civil manner because otherwise oftentimes like it'll turn into chaos interaction outside of class or it'll just turn into a bunch of people yelling at each other because if you call the student out and talk about and you know call them out like you said this terrible thing and like how could you say that then it turns into just like a bunch of yelling and nobody learns anything or someone resulting in getting you know hurt in some way and it doesn't have to be physically it can be like emotionally or like verbally like like that's it's know your times like pull someone aside out for class if they've made a homophobic comment in front of Pete anyone really even if like just mind your surroundings which could also lead into another topic but we don't have to do that coming of that student eventually after this conversation we should talk about confidentiality but for sure there's some more things we should add one final thing yeah absolutely do you also want to talk about name change after yes definitely I something that has been a voice to me by teachers and stuff is they don't want to like turn the whole class into that like into that discussion because they do have things they need to teach like if you're if you're I don't know a Latin teacher you're not going to want to turn your entire conversation into how to not be homophobic even though ancient Rome was kind of pretty gay yeah I think well like students like what going off of wait till you get to high school babe yeah well like I think going off of that also like you should as a teacher be able to prioritize because I think I've had a lot of teachers in the past who are like as soon as you get off track it's like nope we're bringing it back to the lesson we were studying and it's like talk that's not always the right thing to do so I've had like in some situations it's really like your students are getting off track and the conversation just isn't productive in any way and it makes sense to lead them back but if your productive conversation is having a civil respectful conversation about queer rights or if it's a not so respectful conversation that you can turn into like a learning moment for the whole class then like if you really think about it like that's just as important if not more important than whatever subject you're teaching so you should be able to prioritize and just like let go a little bit and be able to say you know like okay let's talk about this because this is probably gonna really affect some of the students outside the class and even if it's like if there's something that you don't understand you can even learn about it like it's not like even if you're a teacher you can still learn about this because like just because you're teaching people things doesn't mean that you can't learn things at the same time so you can always say like about to say that is that a lot of truth I again I was talking about this with a bunch of other queer students and teachers and all of that and Hatred voiced the concern of like I don't know if I can properly talk about that and teach that in a school setting because they assume they have to be the teacher which like I said your job put it on but like learning from your students like parents parents learn from your kids teachers learn from your students because learn from the people who can talk a little bit more about that topic so that next time you can feel more comfortable talking about it and what you're saying I think that like teachers who are willing to say like take a step back and just say okay I don't know as much of this about this topic that I'd like to and then you can just say you know like I don't think I know enough about this for this to be a productive conversation and either let your students take it from there or if that if you feel like that's not going to work depending on like the age group or the particular group of students or whatever the conversation is you can also just be like I don't know enough about this right now I'm going to research it we can talk about it whatever like next class because you don't want to just like admitting that you don't know about the topic isn't an excuse to just be like okay let's just avoid the topic like like use that to learn I think so you want to go into confidentiality or name changes first wait we can even talk about like both at the same time name changes in confidentiality because in the school system even confidentiality is also important um because if yeah I don't know we can you can continue to talk about name change and then kind of segway into confidentiality because the two of us unless a student expresses that they don't want you to or they will come back to that unless a student is like okay you can share that that's fine you can talk to the people then go ahead or ask them but if they don't explicitly say you can share this don't care right base rule but let's go into name changes first and then we'll connect the two in a casual manner putting that in mind while we talk about this so I should I talk about like what should happen or an example of what shouldn't happen because I've had experience I think you're the okay I think honestly out of the two of us you're definitely out of the three of us you're definitely the most experienced talking about this I haven't changed my name I don't think Steve's changed anything I kind of have but not officially not officially because yeah because I'm like I'm Jules and you're Steve both nicknames but like but you're Oliver that's your last name Oliver Oliver Jacob Simon something like this so Jacob John and Simon so many middle names it can end you okay so I want to start off by mentioning a way that you shouldn't do it because I want to be able to talk about like why that's wrong because a lot of teachers are like we're okay here's like a student talking about how they want to change your name I guess this is the logical course of action and sometimes that's just wrong even if you have good intention in this case the person didn't but yeah so it's fine declare how we're talking about changing your name legally because on your on like on your birth certificate it still says your dead name correct yeah but in the school you're like on roll call it's Oliver correct so how did that come okay to pass so I also want to maybe like mention how to go about that for students how old were you like were you in middle school or high school I was it would have been like 13 yeah 13 8th grade then 8th grade yeah 8th grade um so he's favorite all the tea it was a process yeah first thing I did I think I talked to my there we had a really great social worker at that school so bless them I'm gonna snap because yeah that's really important also how to be a good ally as an administrator in school they're sure you have really really supportive um social workers who are really supportive and educated about queer topics because that's super important love that woman continue sorry yeah but so I had a really we had a really great social worker there so I talked to her and I was like hey I want to change my name in the school system but it's not changed legally like how do you go about that so they were able to change my email first of all and then change there's a slightly more complicated process for changing your name it might be different in our school for changing your name in like the online system um because you know like part of the permission and stuff and so and it's it's a process yeah it definitely is a process so I couldn't do that at the time so I was gonna have like the rest of the school year without my name changed in the system and that so pretty much at that point it's like up to like I'm relying on the teachers being supportive so I went to my teachers your mental health literally riding on that yeah like I email all my teachers and told them all about like and for students who want to do this like if you just email your teacher like you're like hey I want to change my name like this please don't tell my parents if you don't want them to and then they can help you like figure out a way to let other students know and figure that whole process out but um what happened with this teacher is I told him I was changing my name and I told him that in the next class period like that was gonna be my name and the way I wanted it to happen because I think in like ideally this would be a super smooth way to do it is like just change your name on the attendance sheet and then the teacher calls your new name and you answer to that and then everyone in the class is like oh that's your name like that's your name now and if they have a question about it like I that was ideal but what happened yeah so did that happen? no that did not happen yeah I have a feeling the teacher told me that my so I was like okay can you please call my name on attendance as Oliver and he was reading this sheet of attendance he walked over to me whispered Oliver and I was like I'm here I was like you don't have to whisper and so I talked to him about it afterwards and he claimed that like that must have looked so weird that me changing my name was gonna be like an interruption to the class and that it was gonna get people off track and I just think that like teachers need to recognize that that's not what's important like it's not important that you get your extra like ten minutes of your algebra lesson like it's more important that your students don't care about algebra it's literally thirty seconds it was more disruptive because I had to like I was like now I'm talking to you in the hallway and I made him come up in the hallway with me and lectured him on why he's being stupid but imagine how weird that would be to like during roll call if you get to your name Oliver and then goes back to doing roll call like there's a convenient way to do that they walked to your desk and like knelt down and whispered so I definitely want to like Oliver for you look insane like for teachers who are wanting to be supportive of students changing their names I think what you need to do is like meet with your student if they're not sure how to go about it and you can like you can do it by like changing their name on the attendance list and just calling it or if it's like a bigger class or whatever like whatever reason that doesn't work then you can also have them like talk to the class and organize a way for them to tell the class that's not like super intimidating so that it can be not really a discussion but just like a welcoming space and establishing that so like I have another teacher who did this really well who like came up and like talked a little bit about like trans issues like queer issues and all that and just like how to be accepting and how to be a good student ally and then like gave it to me to talk about my name change and I think that's also a good way to do it so like ultimately it's up to the student so don't force your student to do anything they're uncomfortable with I actually have three things that I had to buy is that you were sitting there as you were talking one, the social worker you mentioned tip for any social worker who's watching this but tip, she was also one of our GSA advisors yeah, that's great so we already, any queer could already knew she's an ally so maybe more men yeah and another thing like you're talking about name changes and role calls and all that and I personally was super lucky because my birth name is Julia and Jules is obviously can can be a nickname of that so literally and I don't care if I hear the name Julia because I'm just so used to hearing it so like literally for role call like a sub's calling my name they go Julia and I go yeah Jules and then we just move on yeah and that was like I understand like your name was a bigger shift in all of that but like if anyone wants to just switch to a nickname that's more gender neutral it's literally I was yeah it was a little uncomfortable at first that's a good first step though because then people are used to it because you did that for a little bit you had like a terrific name right yeah but like I think a lot of for a lot of people that helps a little bit because if you use like a nickname you can either pass off as a nickname and just have it make you more comfortable without like coming out about it or you can say like here this is my name this makes me more comfortable for now I'll be changing again the future and then people are used to like they have a chance to adjust and call you by a new name so then they're not like it's not a huge deal when you like find your new name and the thing is too like I'm probably never going to legally change my name from Julia it's just a big hassle and I probably would never do that on my birth certificate and I'm and I will probably always ask people to call me Jules like that's probably always what I'm going to be doing because I like that it's gender neutral so like I the legal thing was never like a huge deal because I can just easily nickname it and be like oh it's just what I like to be called and I had a third thing if you remember I said three your name is now changed in the school system correct yeah what was that like did you need parental consent legally do you need parental consent to do that in our school system I don't know how this works is it a legal thing? I don't know if it's like a federal it's not a legal thing your school district yeah I don't know how that works for different school districts for ours I just had to bring in like a signed note that said I could change my name I didn't know to get in a gym class yeah literally I'm queer because my note I'm sorry I can't participate today in class it's um yeah it's I'm not I haven't experienced this but I've I've taken lots of time to do research on how it is with other schools and um it's very uh it's a process that's very different in other places so I think that we actually have it in like an okay thing because our we're really lucky in our school system our school system is like we're not sitting here just trying to complain about our school system no because it's so good some of some of the teachers and some of the yes some of the individual people could like yes so like this school that but the school in general all together are all so good mhs you just wait baby you wait you get to mhs best school in the world it's but it's okay lovely um confidentiality um speaking of which you just exposed what school we are too so it's not pillier they know we're not pillier they know we're freshmen that's true they it's not that hard to figure out confidentiality which we touched on a little bit if you're student like okay we touched on how to kind of we do weird confidentiality by whispering their name and area that's not all the confidentiality and people don't being I guess being secretive when people don't want you to is really annoying as if you're trying to be alive but then you're like oh I just want to like make sure you're comfortable when they like specifically asked you to have a group discussion it also makes you feel like if you need to hide too but yeah they like encourage that you need to be like secretive about them like hide this yeah if you don't yeah if they told you to put your name out there on roll call that's like that's kind of a message that's not them asking to for you to keep it confident that is literally them telling you to do the opposite yeah like all of them are going to the teacher being like you need to call me this name now yeah it's not it call me this name on roll call in front of the class that's not being like oh I'm just telling you this so that when I'm when I do potentially change it it's not going to be a shock to you don't get anyone I know it's just it's literally call me this in front of everyone just talk about like confidentiality in the ways that it should be done in the ways that it should be because again we're very negative people are we talking about in school or just generally generally but that includes in school because we're in school and it's seven hours thought of the moment that is actually it doesn't just have to be for that if so we've been to some events where we are surrounded by all the gay people it's fun we love it it's such a good time but there is a thing with that you it's not it's not the best thing to do in front of like a group of people to go up to them and say like yeah hi like you can still say hi to them or maybe not like check in with them after but if they're with a big group maybe avoid doing that because there could be some questions raised like how do you know this person like oh yeah I met them here and that's something that because there is everyone has a different situation which it could be many different things it could be many different things in fact like all of the things but I mean yeah so don't need to get into that specifically but just being aware that if you could maybe just send them like a message or something like hey I was like I'm into them DMs okay um it was really cool to see you today I hope we can catch up some whatever you just have to be aware of the situation whether even if you don't know it like just be thoughtful and that's yeah and they're comfortable with you talking about like yeah and before you leave this event you can even ask your new friends like hey whatever so yeah um so there's an organization that does that confidence you out already super well outright Vermont I go to their Friday night group right and I'm fine saying that we don't need to worry about confidentiality there and they would go and every time they're like we will not approach you on the street and say hi to you unless you specifically tell us that's okay and that's the rule for everyone you do not approach anyone you've seen there unless they specifically tell you it's okay you don't say hi you don't do what you just put in you do not do not know them do not know them and I think that's like a really good way to do it because one it makes everyone feel comfortable and like if they're fine being approached and they're fine being approached and you can approach them if they say that but if they aren't and they're like with them when and they aren't able to be like approached and be like wave to you and deal with all of that then you don't do that and I think it's just a super good way they start every group with that or like this is the rule here so it's happening you can leave you like that rule I think also like as an ally in like to your peers or to your friends or whoever it is um other things like understanding the difference between talking to someone about their pronouns or gender or whatever in a group versus alone because it's very different and some people who are really like trying their best to be allies will like be in a group of people and they remember you know oh I remember one time my friend said it's good to ask people's pronouns and then they turn to the person in the group who they think might be trans and say what are your pronouns instead of what everybody's pronoun yeah or like and that's something that's like while you think you're being like conscientious and like thoughtful and you're you know asking this person what their pronouns are so that they don't get misgendered and like I understand that there's good intent there but um I think people need to understand that either make it a whole group thing or talk to them afterwards and be like hey like what do you want me to call you in front of this group of people because that's also something like you can say you can introduce yourself with your pronouns be like hey my name's Oliver I use he him they them and then that like is an invitation for whoever else is with you to say their pronouns and they don't have to if they don't want to or you can just like talk to them outside of the group but I think that's something that people get confused about a lot because they think they're being allies but like really you're just making someone uncomfortable and pull them aside to do that just like pull them is don't do it from the group yeah so we're running out of time do we have any last thoughts and confidentiality um I don't think we're going to get to everything on that paper I don't there's no one from that paper I don't I think I'm all set um we've kind of covered a lot of things the paper um um was a sec um we kind of have like briefly covered things that um but one thing we haven't really talked about is um gatekeeping yeah we can briefly catch on this yeah just because we have like I think that would be a good way to end it out because we've pretty much covered and then yeah gatekeeping final thoughts and we're good so Oliver so we kind of want gatekeeping in terms of like how allies can first because there's also there's like gatekeeping and then there's like convenient ally ship yeah that's yeah that's kind of a tied together sometimes so convenient I can have a me ally ship because I don't live in one of that convenient ally ship is sort of picking and choosing who you're an ally for or when you want to be an ally so it can also be within the community so say I am a lesbian but and I'm an ally for all lesbians and gay men and that's I'm not for them but I'm not an ally for like trans people that would be like picking and choosing who you are who you're an ally for and then even if you're not in the community you're finding people being gay you're not kind of people being trans yeah so you can't like yeah I guess thanks yeah that's a really well way to put it so yeah so gatekeeping is more within the community right I don't know about it also there's convenient convenient ally ship also applies to outside the community and when we say like making it convenient who you're an ally for that means like groups of people but that also means like specifically who in your life you're an ally for so like there are some people who say you know oh yeah like I'm 100% fine with queer people I'm like I'm an ally like I advocate for their rights like I'm supportive in everything but then as soon as like their kid comes out they're like whoa whoa whoa that's not okay like also no longer supportive they're like of that yeah kid they're like fine with people being gay who doesn't affect their lives yeah then when it affects when anyone's like at someone close to them they like freak out yeah but that's something that happens so convenient ally ship or choosing when you're an ally and all of that which is obviously not how you want to be an ally because then you're claiming the title of being an ally without actually being an ally yeah but I really want you to we have like five minutes I really want you to explain to me what you're keeping is real quick all right okay keeping kind of relates to yeah I think it relates to all shit because it's good for them to know um it's good for everyone to know signalling gatekeeping within the lgbt post community essentially means like having these weird like expectations for other people within your community and having these expectations for like what makes you like trans enough or like what it looks like for you to be gay or what it what like a bi person should act like which like none of these things exist like you can you can present however you want and like label yourself however you want but there's a lot of stuff like like within the trans community there's all this stuff about like there's a huge one of the main things of like discourse right now in the trans community is like whether or not you need dysphoria to be trans you and it's like first of all you don't that's a whole another episode honestly we could go on about that but the point the point of that is that like there are people literally not talking to other trans people at all and dead naming them and telling them they are cis being like you are cis because you are not a trans person just because because of their personal opinions about like what it means to be trans and that can also be like outside of the dysphoria debate that can be like if you're a trans guy who presents really feminine then some trans guys or just other trans people who will go up to you and be like hmm i don't think you're actually trans or there's a lot of like you're representing our community badly because now all these cis people think that trans people are like you know like special snowflakes who have to like who have all these labels and like will and don't have any dysphoria and there's like all this stuff and it's like we're just putting up walls within our own community when we should be like supporting each other in the community like we're not being allies for each other within the community which is something that's so important yeah i have to be an ally to you i identify with a lot of labels you use i still have to be an ally for you because you're in my community yeah like i say i have to be an ally for you have to be an ally for everyone if you're in a community it doesn't mean you're exempt from being an ally you still have to be an ally but do you end up on gatekeeping um i think that even like you can for sure if it's really what floats your boat i guess be a part of the community but also have like things against other part of the community just don't just just don't say anything don't like ruin it super aggressively because like we mentioned earlier you're not going to change their mind it's who they are and it is who they were meant to be so stop it's not gonna happen like you want it to that is too bad go live your life live your life and be happy no one is a lot of like the whole yeah i know the whole thing about the queer community is like weird the whole thing is that we're like allies for everyone united by like love and the point is that we're not like you stop doing that you're gonna break down the community actually i keep interrupting you the point is that we're not judging people and defining people based off their gender their sexuality their presentation their labels but that's exactly what you're doing when you're telling someone you're not trans enough because of this or like you should present differently because of your identity or like your pronouns aren't valid or whatever it is like you're just you're just like the people who are like making comments about like that about you yeah so i think that's a good way to end it and i think since we've been trying to do this is quick final thoughts take away what you want everyone to take away from the episode like a one sentence two sentence thing starting with steve okay um all you beautiful people yes just yes that's a good takeaway i i just steve's having a moment all of our quick takeaway um i think my takeaway from this is pretty much the same thing i said at the beginning but like always be willing to learn and grow and like know your place as an ally know that you're valued but like know your place yeah allies we absolutely love you you are fantastic thank you so much because you make our lives so much easier and we appreciate you so much indeed let's wrap this up okay thank you so much for watching all things LGBTQ plus youth edition and we'll see you next month


Welcome back, welcome back, welcome back. It's still the breakfast, the plus CBA Africa and of course we are set for our second conversation. This time the focus is on the impending removal of fuel subsidy. Remember the fuel subsidy protests and the Occupy Nigeria protests some years ago and well maybe those protests were only postponing the evil day because that day is just around the corner. It's not even about when if fuel subsidy will be abolished in Nigeria but actually when and the federal government already making sticking steps to cushion the effect of that fuel subsidy removal. The focus stays on the increase in salaries of workers, government workers and of course barring any last-minute change of plans. The federal government of Nigeria will begin payment of planned increase in civil servants pay by the end of April 2023. Nigerian President Muhammad Ibu Harouz currently in Saudi Arabia is expected to give his final assent for this burstment of this money any moment from now. If the proposal sales through it means the increase will be coming about two months to the June date proposed for the removal of subsidy. Officials of the federal government are quoted as saying that the fresh pay increase which is tagged consequential allowance will lead to a 40% rise in the current pay of government workers in Nigeria. That's federal government workers. Nigeria's headline inflation increased to 22.04 percent year on year in March the highest rates in September 2005. According to the National Bureau of Statistics the latest rise in inflation is a third consecutive increase this year increasing by 0.13 basis points percentage points when compared to February 2023 headline inflation rate. I'm glad to say joining us to discuss this all-important subject is Muhammad Abdelai who is a public affairs analyst chances for a zoom from Lagos. Muhammad good morning to you thank you very much for your time. Alright first of all we're counting down to June like I said in my introduction you can only postpone the evil day and that day which was seen as an evil day may not be seen as an evil day these days as Nigerians a lot of a lot of analysts like yourself agree that the subsidy has to go and are you looking forward to that are you of the same view that this is the way for the country or the path the country should talk. Yes I think it's inevitable so many regime I mean since 1999 I mean from military regimes we've had a series of figures giving out you know being issued as a subsidy so it's it's if you look at those figures from 1999 date it's humongous in fact it's something that is unimaginable that is being paid as a subsidy for petroleum petroleum product so I think it's high time it is going to be very biting and I'm sure particularly for those who voted the incoming government they might not it's not something that will be palatable I'm probably they might begin to hold the incoming government responsible you know it would be like a month introduction by the new but incoming government which has been planned like you mentioned actually but like I said it's not going to be palatable it's going to be a bit tough because we all know Nigerians even though we very many of us do not understand or do not even like the subsidy thing but we've benefited to some extent because if we want to be very factual like what government keeps saying in Nigeria Nigeria is where we you know compared to so many African countries around us even those who have crude oil we still buy fuel at the cheapest street for a very long time so it's going to be very biting it's not going to be palatable it's going to present a whole lot of economic hardship but I want to believe what the government is planning for short and long time we'll be able to question the the effect of the hardship that will be that will put upon Nigerians when the first subsidy is finally removed in June hopefully some some experts argue that the Nigerian inflation is higher there is at a higher rate than what the national real statistics is is is putting out and in fact the World Bank has also come out to say that them the Nigerian authorities need to change the methodology of calculating inflation you need to update it and when they do that they will get the real inflation which is we are the what we look where we was contained in the latest MBS data that was released inflation is a big issue elementary economics that I learned from my economics teacher in secondary school Mr. Bleghe you know tells us that when there's too much money in the system and that inflation will increase when people have there's too much money you know the supply of money increases are we seeing conflicting let me say lack of focus and direction by this administration in terms of his fiscal policies you know and even monetary policies it's economic and financial policies are we seeing the mister misdirection lack of to we can't even can we tell what exactly the one to achieve in other words will this current move to bring in a 40% increase in workers salary will it not you know go against what they've been trying to achieve with all we went through in recent months of trying to bring down inflation by making the Naira scarce trying to strengthen the Naira which already is still struggling by the way yes it's a very difficult question I am not an economist but the best of ability I would say what I actually understand I do not think is my opinion please I do not think we have too much money in circulation at the moment I mean in Nigeria there are not too many too much money in people's hands because like we already mentioned we have series of challenges in terms of even the the scarcity of funds and so on and as well you know workers are not whether in the private or public sector workers are not like properly compensated you know compared to their effort and label which means you know for what they take home it's it's it's actually me got compared to you know the economic situation and the economic situation in the country you know for everything that you buy probably in fact when you when you buy anything today you go back to the market tomorrow or the day after tomorrow it has doubled the price or at least a quarter of the price is added so I I do not see how humbly this my opinion as well as a layman I do not see anyhow in fact in the government trying to like increase the salaries of of workers perhaps probably even the private sector should to take you you might be you might argue that yes that might increase the rate of inflation but again we also need to understand that even at the moment workers are finding it very very difficult to you know to to to balance to have a purchasing power with what they end so it's it doesn't it doesn't it makes sense that yes there there should be an increase in salaries in order to match I mean the economic situation in the country because like I mentioned earlier everything that you can think of in terms of survival rent accommodation transportation food and so on and so forth have gone up you know here while skyrocketed so the government listens to workers and then at this moment increase workers salary in spite of the fact that yes that might also trigger inflation but mind you what I feel also this my opinion also what I feel is you know sometimes this this this inflation that we talk about is actually man made it's not it's not the forces of the demand and supply perceived it's not a general problem particularly for instance in Nigeria when government makes the announcement for instance that there is workers that's increased in salary you know it's just normal that for people who sell you know they think oh yeah you are getting more money we need to increase what the price of what we sell so it's actually not a direct correlation of demand and supply it's just people's greed if I may use that word seriously you know it's just people's greed in terms of you know say okay workers are getting more salary then definitely I will let me increase my price so that I can also get more so it's not even if sometimes or most times it's not a correlation of a worker are trying workers are trying to buy more this is my belief anyway so I think probably we needed to do as a country to checkmate that all right the Bureau of Public Sector reforms last year put the number of public servants at the federal level at 720,000 thanks to the IPPI so she's making it easy to see some of these things so we look at 720,000 federal workers who will have to see a 40% increase in how much to get every month you add that amount most by by 12 you know how much a federal going to spend in a calendar year to pay these workers it'll be added to the budget now yesterday the World Bank revealed that Nigeria spent 96.3% of its revenue all the money it made in servicing its debt in the year 2022 we won't be sitting going around the country might be higher if not the same in 2023 where will the government get the money to pay this 40% increase in workers salary at federal level that's a very tough question for me to answer seriously I think President Buhari should be you know I think if I want to guess for government let me is you be just like a guesswork now because seriously I can't answer this question properly but to the best of my knowledge I think government have been boring in the past years probably that is another angle what we are what the government is also looking at because I know like you had mentioned what our government is making in terms of revenue might be a bit difficult and challenging to pay 40% salaries like you mentioned increase and then you know still make do with providing infrastructure and so on and so forth so perhaps government might be looking towards borrowing or partnership as it may be for them to be able to achieve that target so but this question should be she'll best be answered by people in government but particularly the president or the minister of finance do you would you like to see the private sector to the same line of increasing salaries by at least 40% private sector Nigeria yes it's it's like I mentioned everything has car rocket in terms of pricing you know transportation in fact because of the full crisis and you know like I mentioned earlier again you know some of our challenges are so man-made it defies all kinds of economic theories seriously because for instance I know in Lagos where I live and other parts of Nigeria where I visit as well you know once price increase is made it's so difficult it's so so difficult for it to be to be reduced for instance in terms of transportation around Lagos mainland I know there are some places you could actually take buses to for probably 15 a hundred nera but since the world as Cassidy's of two three months ago and which is now for the past one month those places that you could take buses to for 50 hundred nera has refused you know the transporters have refused to to go back to the status quo you know they remain like the 200 nera or so that they increase it to even though the pricing of the of fuel have significantly gone back to what they used to buy so like I said you know so many of our challenges defies economic theories and and and what have not so it's a it's challenging but again in this kind of situation you also want the private sector because people majority of Nigerians in fact majority of Nigerians are working in the private sector as safe employer and so on and so forth it's it's also important that where these private sectors are making humongous profit is also important that a trickle down beyond the CEOs the board members the managers to those people actually do the work probably not outtrack 40% increase like you suggested but at least probably at the end of the year where there is significant profit in such organization what I'm suggesting or recommending is that these profits should trickle down to we have to quickly move on sorry about that news is just about four minutes away we have to move on I'm sincerely sorry we have to move but thank you so much for your time and of course we look forward to having you again subsequently on the program thank you very much all right fantastic okay that's the size of a package on the breakfast right here on plus TV Africa we'll be back tomorrow with more analysis and of course some conversations right here on the program don't forget you can follow us on our social media platforms we have plus TV Africa on Facebook Twitter Instagram and YouTube where we have two accounts plus TV Africa and plus TV Africa lifestyle you can also check our website out for the latest news and analysis and information as well my name is Kofi Bartels return tomorrow thank you very much for your time good morning


Hello there, this is Bhavya Akashal and here are 4 news that rock the tech world this week. The US ban seems to be having no effect on Huawei. The Chinese telecom giant said that it has obtained 46 commercial 5G contracts in over 30 countries and shipped over 1 lakh stations globally. The Obamas are all set to create some magic with podcasts. They have entered into a multi-year contract with streaming service platforms, Spotify to produce a series of podcasts. If Tesla cars weren't causing enough awe and wonder, then here's another one that you need to watch out for. The newest and updated version of Tesla's enhanced summon allows the owner to operate the car with the help of a Tesla mobile app. Pegasus and Xandas are the newest additions in the Amazon family. The e-commerce giant announced the development of these two robo models that will help improve accuracy and efficiency.


Covalent Organic Frameworks, COFs, present well-defined materials for constructing structure-property activity relationships. Herein, authors explore isostructural porphyrinic two-dimensional COFs, with tunable of photocatalytic H2 production rates arising from tailored charge carrier dynamics. This article was authored by Rufan Chen, Yang Wang, Yuan Ma, and others.


First of all, I want to thank the organizer for giving me the opportunity to present here my research. I will talk to you about anisotropic long-range interactions in spin systems.  Then I will show you what are the traditional results. I will outline a controversy that emerged in the literature in recent years. I will show you some results on standard long-range interaction in spin systems, and then I will finally deal with the anisotropic case, showing you some scaling analysis, how the system can be divided in different regimes, and I don't want you to spoil the results. So, long-range interactions, as I were defined in the first lecture by Ibarre, are power-load decaying interactions with the distance, and we parameterized this power-load decaying with an exponent d plus sigma. And in my talk, maybe differently from the previous talks, I will focus on the case of positive sigma. So, when sigma is greater than zero, we have many interesting results. This kind of interaction are found in the correlation for DNA sequence, in the interaction between polymers. They have been studied as candidates for neural networks, and they can be responsible for some exotic behavior of materials. We decided to investigate these interactions in spin systems, because the spin systems are the testbed of statistical mechanics, and we have various Monte Carlo and perturbative results available. And our focus will be to determine the phase diagram, the critical exponent of spin systems with long-range interaction belonging to different symmetry groups. Then, if possible, I will also deal with, give some youth, some small information about Tiger order critical points. Okay, spin system with long-range interaction can be a lattice of spins. INJ are the labels of the lattice sites. The spin are bold because they are vectors of general n components. And the interaction is power-load decaying, as I said, with d plus sigma, and d is the dimension of the system. So if we are not, for example, cubic lattice, this is the dimension of the cubic lattice, and sigma is some real positive number, and j is always positive, so the interaction will be always ferromagnetic. We can calculate them in field propagator for this theory, and it is simply the inverse Fourier transform of the interaction matrix. The interaction matrix is this function here. We have two different behaviors. So we know that the universality class and so the critical exponent and all the behavior of the system at the critical point where the phase transition occurs can be derived only by the low momentum excitation. The low momentum excitation are obtained in the q to 0 limit of the propagator. In the case of long range interaction, we have two completely different behaviors for the propagator. When sigma is smaller than 2, the leading term in the small momentum propagator is going as q to the sigma, so with a non-analytic power as long as sigma is a real number. When sigma is greater than 2, the propagator is going as q to the square in the low momentum limit, and q to the square is the same behavior that the propagator will show in case of only short range interactions. So we are ready to outline some traditional results. So these results were derived by Fischer and other authors in the 70s, and they can divide the spin system with positive sigma in three regimes. Our first regime, when sigma is between 0 and the alpha, is a mean field region in the sense that the critical exponent and the universality class of the system can be retrieved using all the mean field approximation, and the results are given. The anomalous dimension is equal to 2 minus sigma, and the correlation length exponent is 1 over sigma. With these two exponents, you can reconstruct all the other exponents so you know all the information about the scaling laws at the critical point in this region. When sigma is between the alpha and 2, we have some peculiar long range exponent. We are in a correlated region as it happens for standard, short range, easing, or ON models, and we should determine our critical exponents numerically. Finally, they identified a region for sigma greater than 2 that if you understood this argument, it's obvious that for sigma greater than 2, we will recover the same exponents as in the short range case, because the low momentum propagator has exactly the same behavior as in the short range interacting case. So this was the picture retrieved by Fischer and others in the 70s, and they also calculated the critical exponent in this correlated region. They found a peculiar behavior for long range interactions that the anomalous dimension, even in the correlated region 2, is stuck to the mean field result. They cannot calculate any correction, even toward the epsilon to the third. They do also 1 over an expansion, and the result was the same, so they didn't find any correction to the mean field anomalous dimension, even in the correlated region, and they concluded that this result should be exact at all orders in the extra expansion, so it should be exact. This was somehow strange, because this would imply a discontinuity of the anomalous dimension as a function of sigma, because if this behavior should be valid till sigma equals 2, it will give us an anomalous dimension equal to 0, exactly as sigma equals 2. But for sigma greater than 2, we should have that the result should be the same as for a short range model that has a non-vanishing anomalous dimension. So this result, if combined with this one, would imply a discontinuity in the anomalous dimension as sigma equals 2. This traditional picture was then overcome by SAC that some years later did an improved renormalization group analysis, and they found that actually this behavior, the short range behavior of the system is recovered not at sigma equal to 2, but at some sigma star that should be determined as sigma star equal to 2 minus the dimension of the short range. So the discontinuity obviously disappeared. And so we get this diagram for the system regime. When sigma is greater than the half, we are in the mean field region. When sigma is below the half and less than this red boundary, that's sigma star, and it is, as you see, is depending on the dimension, because obviously the anomalous dimension of the short range system depends on the dimension. Here the system has peculiar long range exponents to be determined, and here it recovers short range behavior. This picture was later confirmed in 2002 by Monte Carlo Resalt by Luther Bloyton. But in recent years, in 2013, precisely, there were new Monte Carlo Resalt that found us like a different picture. Indeed, while the result of Luther Bloyton confirmed the result of Fisher for the anomalous dimension, so the anomalous dimension is equal to 2 minus sigma till some sigma star, which is exactly 2 minus eta short range, and then is straight equal to the short range value. The Monte Carlo Resalt found by Pico and Doders were claiming an anomalous dimension which has a known mean field correction, and so it is continuously moving till sigma star is now equal to 2. So we wanted to clarify this issue, and we decided to reanalyze the long range spin system using modern renormalization group technique. In particular, we used functional renormalization group technique. I don't want to go into the details of the calculation I did. If somebody is interested, I can discuss it later. The only thing I want to say is that we used... that the meter starts with Ginsburg-Landau. Here I report the standard Ginsburg-Landau for a spin system in the dimension with only short range interaction, which has a standard kinetic term that depends only on the... which is the laplacian of the field. In this case, it's the magnetization. And Ginsburg-Landau for a long range system that has this anomalous non-analytic kinetic term. Okay, it is important to note that the long range Ginsburg-Landau will contain, as I showed you before, also short range terms that are subleading for all sigma less than 2, but that becomes leading for sigma greater than 2. Okay, the first analysis we did, it was... we discard any renormalization for the kinetic term. And when we discard renormalization for the kinetic term, we find that the results obtained for the short range... for the long range system can be related to the... so in particular the critical exponent gamma, which is the divergence of the susceptibility, the critical exponent gamma of the long range system is the same as the one of a short range system at an effective fractional dimension. This effective fractional dimension is given by this result. This was obtained discarding an anomalous dimension effect, both in the short range and in the long range part. When we turn up to anomalous dimension corrections, we turn on this renormalization of the kinetic terms, and we get that the long range non-analytic term does not renormalize. So in agreement with the results of Fisher, we don't find any anomalous dimension correction to the long range power, and so we again find another relation for the critical exponent gamma, which now includes effects of the anomalous dimension. Okay, so we have a tower of approximation. The first one, as I said, gives you this result, and the second approximation in which we have anomalous dimension corrections gives this result. It is important to note that in an n equal to infinity limit, they both give an exact mapping. So in the n equal to infinity limit, n is the number of components of the spin, so n equal to infinity is a spherical model. We obtain the critical exponent of the long range system can be obtained exactly from the critical exponent of the short range one. Also, the first relation gives the correct ranges for sigma, but it gives us the result found by Fisher, while the second relation that is more complex and includes anomalous dimension corrections gives us the results found by Sack. Finally, we added short range corrections, so this term here. We added short range corrections to our theory, and we see that the picture is slightly more complicated. So this, the phase diagram of a theory with long range interaction has two fixed points. One where long range interaction are vanishing is reported in blue, and the other where long range interaction are non-vanishing is reported in red. For sigma greater than sigma star, only the short range interaction fixed point exists. For sigma star from the short range fixed point, it emerged a new fixed point, a long range one, where both zeta and zeta two are non-zero. This long range fixed point that are the red lines is leading with respect to the short range one. So in this region, as is seen by this plot, these are the stability exponents. In this region, the long range fixed point is more stable than the short range one, and so gives us the actual universality class of our system. However, at the point that is sigma star, that it is found to be exactly two minus zeta short range as it was found by SAC. The system present logarithmic corrections, which are probably responsible for the difficulties to pursue Monte Carlo simulations. Okay, we were also, sorry, we were also able to make some estimation of the error that one does when used this effective dimension correction. This estimation was done computing the critical exponent before for a long range system and then for a short range system at the effective dimension. The error, as you see, is very small. So at this approximation level, this effective dimension appears not to be exact, but it appears to be a very good estimation for the critical exponents as shown in this plot. And so we use the effective dimension relation to compute the critical exponent of spin systems with a generic number of components in dimension two and dimension three. Now, let me turn to the case of anisotropic interactions. Anisotropic interactions is when we can cut the system in two subspaces. One subspace of dimension D1, the spin that are sitting in this subspace, they interact with power law D1 plus sigma, where D1 is the dimension on the first subspace. In the second subspace, the spin interact with an interaction D2 plus tau. Tau and sigma are different, our two real numbers always bigger than zero. And D1 or D2 are the dimension of the two subspaces. So, this interaction has been meant to mimic an interaction that's anisotropic depending on the direction. It's the extreme case in which the spins interact only if they sit in the same subspace. And if they are not sitting on the same subspace, as is mean by the delta, they do not interact. Okay, we can compute the mean field propagator of the system and it appears to be anisotropic as expected with a momentum q parallel to the sigma and a momentum q perpendicular to the tau. And we can still derive against Burland out a theory called an effective field theory which represents the low energy behavior of the system I showed you. Okay, this system can seem a little exotic, but actually it has a simple realization. If we think to an easing spin chain or a quantum spin chain in general with long range interaction, we can map a quantum spin chain with long range interaction using classical correspondence, quantum to classical correspondence into a classical spin system with the anisotropic interaction I showed. So, if I take a quantum spin chain in dimension D with the power low decay sigma, it can be mapped on anisotropic classical spin system with dimension D1 equal to D. So, this D1 will be equal to D, sorry, the dimension of the classical, the dimension of the first subspace will be equal to the dimension of the quantum system. The dimension D2 of the second subspace will be equal to the dynamical critical exponent of the spin of the quantum spin system. Sigma will be the power low decay in the subspace 1 will be equal to the power low decay in the quantum system, while tau, the power low decay in the second subspace will be equal to 2. This means that the second subspace will always interact with only short range interactions. Okay, the quantum long range using model is obtained when you put Z equal to 1. So, this just to show you that this anisotropic spin system can be realized. In presence of anisotropy, we have four different critical exponents that are the anomalous dimension of the propagator in the two directions and the correlation length exponent in the two directions that diverge with two different exponents, one and two. Since we have only a critical point, even if the system is anisotropic, we have a relation between these four exponents and the total number of independent exponents is reduced to three. We can specify only one anomalous dimension, the corresponding correlation length exponent and we get the other two using this anisotropy index that should be computed. At mean field level, the result is that the anomalous dimension are vanishing in both the subspaces and the correlation length exponents are equal to one over sigma and one over tau. So, when we are at mean field level, the two subsystems don't see each other and the result is like if they were isolated. So, these systems can be divided in four different regions and this can be understood also by the results that I told you before. For sigma and tau less than two threshold values, sigma star and tau star, we are in the anisotropic long grain system here and both the two power load do not get any renormalization, even known at mean field level. Here, the blue shadow represents the mean field regions in two dimension and in the two plus one dimension and one plus one dimensions. Otherwise, when one of the two exponents, sigma or tau, are greater than certain threshold tau star or sigma star, we are in this that we call mixed regions. So, we are in a region where one subspace has a real power load decay while the other subspace is like a short range interacting one. These two regions, so two A and two B are the interesting one when we are treating long range quantum spin system. Then we have for sigma and tau greater than the thresholds sigma star and tau star, we recover an isotropic short range system because the long range interaction are irrelevant in both subspaces. Okay, we can pursue the same analysis we did before for a standard long grain system and we found that in region one, so here where the long range interaction are relevant in both subspaces, this anisotropic system can be mapped so again it has the same critical exponent gamma of a long range model in a dimension d1 plus theta d2 where theta is the anisotropy index and d1 and d2 are the dimensions of the two subspaces. This relation is again exact in the spherical model limit and gives us the following result for the correlation length exponents. We can validate our results in the spherical model limit comparing them with the one of the anisotropic next nearest neighbor model that's a model of spin, that's a spin system where we have next nearest neighbor interaction that are leading over the nearest neighbor interactions. These results are very well known in literature and if we do that, if we impose that that tau is equal to 2L as it should be for the case of ani model we get these two relations that are the one that one found in literature for the one over an expansion of the ani model. So we validate somehow our calculations we show that this anisotropic long range system are something meaningful because they can reproduce the results of a model that's a well-studied one and we can go on computing the anomalous dimension of the system. As I already told you in region one we have no anomalous dimension for the system both in both subspaces while in region two A or B where one of the subspace is only short range interacting we develop an anomalous dimension and the interesting thing is that the anomalous dimension depends on the value of the power law exponent in the other subspace and so when we are in region two A or B the anomalous dimension of the short range interacting sector depends on the power law of the long range interacting sector and we compute the dependence of these anomalous dimensions. We can again do a brief summary of what we have found in the region one we have an effective dimension that is exactly the N equal to infinite limit and gives correct ranges for the regions in region two we have again an effective dimension but this time it maps on a short range system and we can use it even if it has anomalous dimension corrections in region three and so these are the regions outside the mean field approximation region one the boundary are now corrected by the presence of the anomalous dimensions that is reported here so you see that the boundary are different for different spin components so the red is the N equal one so it's an easy model that has an unvanishing anomalous dimension also in D equal to so the boundary gets the curve are N equal to N three blue and green and since in two dimension this is a D one equal to one and D two equal to two they have a vanishing anomalous dimension also the boundary go back to the mean field one in this point and in this region we recover the exponent of a short range system okay this is the same plot but when we have D one equal to D two equal to one and so obviously it's not symmetric also in this case we can use the effective dimension correlation to compute the correlation length exponent we know that this will be not exact but there will be a very good approximation for the exact ones so in this way we were able to characterize all the phase diagram of anisotropic long grain systems in effective dimension relations that can be derived in the standard case with scaling arguments but which are much harder to derive in this anisotropic case and which we were able to use thanks to this functional aromization group technique thank you all for your attention


Iran has developed a jet drone called Shahead 238, which is expected to be used in Ukraine. Iran showcased an advanced version of Shahead 136 strike drones, equipped with a jet engine and improved guidance systems, named Shahead 238. The unmanned aerial vehicle was presented at the Ashura Aerospace University according to Ukrainian outlet Militani. The jet-powered drone was introduced in three variants with different guidance systems. The standard model includes an autonomous guidance system with GPS integration. A second version features an infrared optical guidance system, allowing these UAVs to be used against heat-contrast targets such as military equipment. Another variant of the Shahead 238 is believed to possess a radar guidance system. Such a drone could target radar installations based on their EM emissions, potentially blinding enemy air defense networks. It highlights that the drones are painted an unusual black color, which could be related to the use of radio-absorbing materials. The technical specifications of the Shahead 238 remain undisclosed. Analysts believe that the jet engine could provide the UAV with high speed, but this might reduce its flight range. A jet drone called Shahead 238 is expected to be used in Ukraine by Russians. A source from Ukrainian intelligence agencies informed that the Russian Army could be receiving about 300 units of Shahead 136 kamikaze drones, monthly, some of which are manufactured in Iran.


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Let's do a quick recap of the issue Do appreciate it and hope you did enjoy Anthony Angelo and the Andy Green great Duke Sergi Bobrovsky Sergi there's sign of the times Gelsen Alexis Lafinae, we will mag that as well sign of the time on the Alex 10 guai and the Nicholas Bowden Braden points. Thanks again so much everyone Really hope you did enjoy the SP authentic hockey break number five there We'll have number six coming up in just a few minutes. Thanks again so much