Well, I was talking about popular tumors today, and there's some overlap before we talked about yesterday, but some of the principles apply. So a roll of the calligraphy with eye tumors. Again, opaque media, you can't see inside the eye. There's a certain percent of people that will have hidden tumors you need to know about, differentiation of visible lesions, measurements for growth. This is really important. We do this a lot now. When I trained it was like, and I came in with a possible tumor and you took the eye out the next day, so you didn't have to measure for growth because they didn't have an eye, but now a lot of it we follow just to see if they're growing or not. Post-radiation therapy, how they look after radiation, if they're changing, and the detection of poster extensions. These are kind of the roles for ultrasound with eye tumors. So a opaque meeting we talked about yesterday. Anything that blocks your view of the fund is, I think, an indication for ultrasound, especially in a patient you don't have a history of if you followed them over years and watched your character slowly grow. That's probably not so critical, but somebody knew they haven't seen before. Is that with anything unusual, inflammation or pain or kind of a vague history? That's always a reason to do ultrasound. In the old Zimmerman's pathology series years ago, about 10% of these patients will have harbor unsuspecting ononomous with blind painful eyes. I think that still holds up. Important, too, that evisceration, which is a common way to treat blind painful eyes, because it's cosmetically better to leave the sclera intact, yet they can harbor unsuspected tumors. And you miss those if you just do regular contact poster segment B scan. You have to do an immersion technique, look at the enter segment, because .62% of these patients in this series had tumors in the enter segment that hadn't been picked up on a poster segment evaluation. So you're always going to do that as part of your look at the eye of the whole eye. Differentiation of lesions. I think we're pretty good. We look at lesions. But it's surprising how even the experts could miss lesions and misdiagnose them. So in this case here, this actually was a melanoma here, a melanotic melanoma, which a certain percent can be. This is a metastatic breast to the coroid. This was a enevas here, melanoma here. And this is a cordial hemangiooma. Right here is the hemangiooma, but here's a melanoma, a melanotic. So again, just to look at these, you really, you know, you'd be wrong at least a fifth of the time. That was the, I mentioned AFIP series twice, two decades apart. In both of those times, they were 20% wrong. It's amazingly consistent. These are things that were misdiagnosed of melanomas. And we knew this because these are eyes that were taken out. Again, in those days, enevaluation was pretty much standard of care. So these eyes are actually in the path lab. So we knew what they actually were. And suspicious new via were number one, just more than a fourth. The central disciform lesions, peripheral disciform, RP hypertrophy, hemangioomas, reactive RP hyperplasia, melanysolatomas, oral detachment, hemorrhagic rebel detachment, vitreous hemorrhage, detachment in the culture of coridus, or all other things that were misdiagnosed as melanomas. Those were things that were eyes were taken out for. Measurements for growth. It's a patient that I saw several years ago. They came in with kind of a small tumor. And it met the criteria for melanoma by ultrasound, the A-scan from here to here. It was low reflective, regular, has ambascularity. So very treatable. You could have either plucked it or just kind of watched it. He kind of gave the option to him. He liked to not treat it. He came back unfortunately two years later, instead of three months later, which we advised him. And the tumor had grown quite a bit, starting to kind of mushroom here a lot bigger by A-scan. So definitely need to be treated. And we recommended radiation plaque. And again, he had some kind of nature therapy. And he was seeing a naturopath guy. And he said, I'm going to do that instead. So he came back six months later. It was this big. So just really growing. So now you're passing point of plaque in these things. The guys here in town, Kirklandward, others, do these say that 8 millimeters is kind of their limit for plucking. Once you're passed that, you're ready to the morbidity to the eyes. Probably not worth putting a plaque on. So he was really to the point where nucleation was recommended. He still refused it. He was going to get better by taking natural therapy.  Pressure was 60. And he thought it was a sinus. He wanted a sinus medicine. I said, no, it's a tumor. It's filled your eye. He still wouldn't do anything. So he was in the pituitary six months later. So that's a natural course of this if you don't treat it. So just as a study on that, a patient refused treatment. And we watched over about a four-year period. This tumor grew from very treatable to a killing. So that's the story. Post-radiation therapy. If you treat these, so here again is a melanoma. The B-scan shows the lesion here. The A-scan here. So here's the tumor. Here's the sclera. Inside the lesion, it's low-reflective, regular. Those are criteria that we go by for diagnosing. And this is after-radiation. So what happens, they get smaller, of course. That's your hole. But also, reflectivity changes internally. As they necrose, as they become blood vessels, atrophy, different things happen. Instead of being low-reflective and regular, they become irregular-reflective, kind of high-reflective. Again, because of interface changes. Always be thinking of interfaces, pathology. The melanomas tend to be very homogeneous, very dense, which gives this low appearance. But as they become more necrotic, more interfaces are created, you get more reflectivity inside the lesion. So to follow what you want to do too, then you want to look at the size of the lesion, getting smaller, but also internal reflectivity changing. And also vascular, these things tend to be quite vascular, and they become avascular as they die. So that's what you watch for after treatment. It's interesting, too, that when you treat these with radiation plaques, if you get a real fast response, like within three months, they start to shrink down rapidly. That's actually a bad thing. Those tumors tend to be more aggressive. They're the ones, I guess, that are so vascular or so, aggressive that the radiation kills them, but they just have a higher chance of recurrence. So you don't want a real fast shrinkage. You want kind of a slower back. We used to even get a little bit increased in size after several months. They'd come back and they were thicker than they had been before surgery, before radiation. We used to get worried about that, but actually it's probably from necrosis, or edema, and then they get gradually smaller over time. So what you want is to get, when you first see the tumor after about six months, maybe the same size or slightly smaller and gradually smaller over several years. That's what a good response. Poster extension. Here's the large tumor here, melanoma from there to there, and this is the Abiscan, that little density in the orbit. That's a posterior nodule. It's broken through the sclera. It's actually in the orbit, so you see that. That changes the situation. Especially if you want to nucleate these, you've got to be really careful, because if that's not intact, if that's encapsulated, you probably are okay, but if it's not, you get into the orbit, you're talking exeneration, which is really a horrendous procedure. You ever seen any exenerations here at all? In the institute you've been here? Yeah. Pretty rare. Yeah, it's not very common. Pretty rare. Yeah. It's waiting to sell something like that. Pretty mutilating procedure. This is a case that I saw years ago. It's kind of a not great picture, but there was a lesion here, and looked again a couple years later. It looked about the same. It wasn't all that elevated looking. I could change that much, making it slightly bigger, basal dimensions. With the ultrasound, Joe actually was breaking through into the orbit. So the lesion was there, which is not very big, but actually the big part is in the orbit, so it's actually growing posteriorly. The CT scan verified that. Here's a lesion here with a large orbital component. Again, it's a reason to look at these with ultrasound, even if they look kind of small, because sometimes they are growing posteriorly, and you wouldn't know that, unless you did the ultrasound and looked in the orbit. That was a spindle, a melanoma. So correlation, microanatomy, we talked about this yesterday. Dense cells, not a lot of interfaces, a few blood vessels there and there, but they really get lower reflectivity because of this. The homogeneous the tissue is, the low reflectivity, the more regular it is on the ACE scan especially. This shows going through the eye here, here's where the probe is against the sclera. The vitreous here is rather flat because it's homogeneous. Then the tumor, you change the sound velocity. You go from one velocity to another, and you get the end time, it's inside the tumor. These are kind of key criteria for melanoma diagnosis, and the collaborative ocular melanoma study done probably 10 to 15 years ago used these criteria, ultrasound was the standard to follow these lesions, and the ACE made about 99.7% accuracy with ultrasound to be gone from 20% misdiagnosis to 0.2% or so misdiagnosis. So it's really changed the game to follow these lesions. So it's really the standard of care. These are criteria, most of these are ACE scan criteria, so you want to have the internal structure to be regular. The spikes inside don't go up and down a lot, they're kind of the same. Level of spike, reflectivity, low to medium, consistency, solid, that means the surface is not moving a lot. Vascularity, fast, montaneous vascularity, and this is a real-time study, so you can actually see vascularity on both the end B scan. And then the B scan criteria is shaped mushroom or color button. So I'll go through all of these, but these are the criteria that I use. So I like to use both A and B scan to look at these lesions. By doing that, we're almost approaching pathology. Yes? What would be non-spontaneous vascularity? With non-spontaneous. Some of these are not that vascular, especially for some reason. Silver body tumors tend to be real vascular. They can still be melanomas, especially smaller ones, had to be a certain size before it starts showing up. But most tumors are not that vascular. Most cordial hematomas aren't. They're just a low flow, venous flow. Metastatic tumors really aren't that vascular. So vascularity is really a pretty important criteria. If I see that, it really helps aid the diagnosis. So regular structure. So here's a tumor here. Here's the surface. Here's the sclera. Inside the lesion, these spikes and others a little bit up and down. They're really pretty much, if you took a line through these, it's not like really an up and down line. It's kind of a slope. So that's fairly consistent. Regularity is not really all over the place as far as the spike height. Low to medium reflectivity. So the general, if you take the average of these spikes, compare them to the initial signal over here, you're going to be from this range to about this range. And that range is where you see melanomas. If they're real high, that's against it. If they're super low, like flat, that's against it. So that's kind of where you want to be looking for the reflectivity height. Solid consistency again. This doesn't play out. I'll show you a couple of videos if you're going to improve it. This is a tumor here. This is a retina over it. But I was trying to demonstrate the fact that this retina is moving as the eye makes micro-psychotic movements. This is kind of juggling. But the tumor is solid. It doesn't move. That's even more apparent on the A-scam. It's just through the spike. The spike is solid. It doesn't jiggle where it does with the membrane. Another case here. This is a melanoma here showing a retina detachment over it. And the retina was moving a lot and this tumor was solid and not moving so solid. The surface is another criteria. And then vascularity, I'm going to show you a good slide of this that I just actually got a couple of days ago. A good video. So here's a mushrooming tumor. And this showed little tiny vessels just kind of like stars in the night, tweaking the night as the vascularity is inside the tumor. So both A and B-scan could show that. And the A-scan, another video I'll show you too is showing little spikes moving inside the A-scan. So vascularity is something I look for when I look at these lesions. So kinetics of motion of membranes and also spontaneous motion. When the eye is not moving, the eye is still, you still see the rapid flicker of the vascularity. So it's an independent of eye motion. Okay, shape, mushroom, color button. A lot of these have this shape and that they break through the bruce membrane. The neck of the tumor gets constricted and it pops through the bruce membrane. You see the tumor pop into the vitreous cavity with the remainder of it inside the coroid. So you see this neck constricture here is a real extreme example here. It is popping through. So these are all shapes of the mushroom, color button. It can also be dome shaped. This is another one here that's not really mushrooming. That's also melanoma compared to this one showing mushrooming shape. So shape is important. If you see mushroom shape, that's almost always melanoma. Though I've seen a couple of metastatic lesions that also look like that as they grow rapidly and broke through the bruce membrane. But generally that's going to be a melanoma if you see the mushroom. All right. Difference of diagnosis. What else do you think of? So here's the orangish lesion here which could be melanoma. It could be amelanotic. A certain percent of these are without any pigment. But the A-scan is very hopeful. You see that going through the vitreous here here's your flat vitreous base here because it's homogeneous. Hit the surface of the tumor. Here's the sclera. Here's the orbit over here but the actual tumor is from there to there. So very high reflective. So that's not melanoma. They don't get that high. And it's rather regular this up and down pattern to it which goes along with pathology. The lesion itself is kind of like a honeycomb. These little blood fill spaces in the hemangioma. As the sound meme goes through this it hits a septa, goes up, hits a blood lake, goes down, septa up. So it goes up and down. This up and down kind of motion like that. So that's typical for man-joan but not melanoma. If I see that it really isn't melanoma. Very helpful. The B-scan is kind of nondescript. That could be anything. That could be melanoma. That could be metastatics. You just don't really know from the B-scan. The A-scan gets to have to pathology correlation. That's why it's so valuable from our A-scan. You really get that correlation to what the pathologist sees. Another lesion here. There could be a lot of different things. The A-scan shows this. Now if you look in this part of it that looks like a melanoma. Here's the surface. Here's the sclera. It's rather regular. Kind of medium reflective. Yet as you scan the lesion and look in different areas you'll see spikes going up and down. Right here. Here's inside the lesion. Another part of the lesion. Very regular. Higher than normal. That would be from melanoma. So this is not melanoma. It's too irregular internally. So this is a metastatic lesion. Again, here's the B-scan. It could be a lot of different things. The A-scan again is quite helpful. You correlate to pathology. The reason they look like this is because the way the tumor invades the coroid it invades it kind of sporadically. So here's a dense population of cells. Here's more sparse invasions. So it's kind of, the melanomas tend to be very dense. They invade this coroid very densely. They replace the whole thing. Metastatic lesion is kind of invaded in fingers. Little fingers poke out and kind of invade it like that. So he gets this interface irregularity. So again, if you get interfaces I think the way the pathology works that explains the A-scan correlate. It's irregular. It's high and low areas, different areas of cell pockets and different areas of coroidal infiltration. Again, the B-scan doesn't really help that much. So A-scan again is very helpful to know what this is. Another lesion here, kind of this hemorrhagic lesion. A dark area that looks kind of scary like could be melanoma with some hemorrhage around it. And the A-scan actually in this case isn't all that helpful because this looks like a melanoma. Here's the surface of the lesion. Here's the splara. And it's kind of regular. It's kind of medium, low reflective. That could be a melanoma. But if I'm not sure a case like this I'll just have the patient come back in about four to six weeks and check them again. If it is hemorrhagic lesion like a discoform this will tend to get smaller as that blood reabsorbs. Whereas melanomas are going to stay the same and get bigger. But as repeated in this case we looked at it again after about two months and the lesion had shrunk way down. So this is a lesion here. So instead of being that big lesion with low reflectivity it was higher, more irregular as a discoform scar scar down over bricks and membrane to get irregularity inside the lesion. So again by following the lesion over time we could actually tell what it was. See a lot of these. Any rough idea. How many people have Nevi? Portal Nevi? Is it rough guys? Ten percent. Ten percent? That's always a good number to pick. I used to teach about six to eight percent of people have these. But the latest studies out of Shields studies they looked at this again all their cases they've collected thousands over the years. They're guessing like 20, 25 percent. People actually have some form of nevus in their lentus. So one of you in this room probably has one if we look at you. So they're really pretty common. We see a lot of these and again most of these are pretty obvious. The question is should these always be ultrasounded? Of course I say yes because I do have it. In a practical situation I'm not sure if it's critical if you'll follow them carefully but the one concern is poster extension. That's the one thing you're going to miss is by looking at these at the fundus you might miss the poster extension. So that's the one reason I would probably suggest at least a baseline ultrasound at least one time you don't have to do it consistently but at least to look at it one time and then follow with the fundus photos and looking at them. The pathology of these again here's a little tiny blip in the coroid not very big. These tend to be under two millimeters and reflectivity is hard to tell because they're so small but it's high it's not low like millinomas because these again these are kind of the pathologies of these they're not real dense they tend to kind of invade the coroid kind of sparsely so you get interface creation so with interface you're going to get high reflectivity right in the region right there so that is helpful to look for reflectivity. I showed a case yesterday of a patient the lesion which is about the same size on B-scan but yet internally is starting to get lower reflective over time which meant conversion from a nevus to a spindle A probably millinoma. In fact, she'll join the term nevoma any VOMA which they made up which is sort of a transition from nevus to spindle A and it can be tough even the pathology as you talk to Nick sometimes they look at the lesions especially the days of a nucleation with more prominent it was sometimes hard to tell is it a nevus is it spindle A too can be difficult so nevoma is probably a reasonable term and I watch those more carefully if I see some of the criteria for reflectivity being lower or more regular I will suggest we watch them more carefully than otherwise all right I think this case out of Utah actually this is not the actual case but a similar a woman about 30 had come in Henry Van Dyke was a treatment here years ago and she was seen and had this lesion and there was a test in those days called the P32 test it actually inject a radioactive isotope of radioactive phosphorus and be taken up by rapidly growing lesion like a melanoma so she had a positive P32 test they gave her the injection they scanned the eye with the detector and they found out she had a positive P32 test so just looking at this lesion the way it looked and the P32 they took the eye out well this is a first path proven case of an osteogenic corastoma so osteoscorostoma so it was actually calcium in the coroid get this real dense bone like looking lesion here's the B scan with shadowing behind it this sound is just absorbed by the lesion so behind the in the orbit you don't see much there's a real high spike on the A scan and actually gas first published as reported in these cases in the same journal that this was published in so famous Utah case pathology animals but this is one of them tending the 20 to 40 age group these often these are not malignant but they can cause a lot of visual problems because they grow in the posterior pole they can involve the macular, the nerve result in visual loss there's really no treatment for them but they are calcified and the ultrasound is really very dramatic I mean just instantly you see the calcium there's no question what it is melanomas don't look like this nothing else really does except these lesion you know the implications are so profound if you miss retinoblastoma you know you're going to have a dead child if you overreact take the eye out then you've got a lesion that wasn't malignant and you've taken the eye out so I know the pediatric guys here still worry about these all the time and see these cases they agonize over so the list of things to think about when you see leucocorin a child of course retinoblastoma is number one PHPV ROP these are all things that can give leucocoria in a child but ultrasound has a real role in these cases certainly with retinoblastomas there's a lesion here you see this kind of diffused scattered calcium throughout the lesion and again what happens is it shadows the orbit looks like the sclerosis missing here it really isn't it's just the lesion is so dense with the calcium the appearance of scleral breakthrough with orbital invasion which really isn't there you just have to understand that but these calcified lesions here on the ASCII can give a lot of high spikes because of the calcium foreign body like signal get real high reflectivity irregular reflectivity so most of these lesions are calcified the literature varies a little bit but it's probably 85 to 95 percent you have calcium but a small percent are not calcified but still in the child with a mass lesion you'll have to assume retinoblastoma but the calcium really helps to see that it can be very fine calcium sometimes it's very diffused and even CT scans will miss it so here's one that's calcified on CT scans it's obvious but here's one that's really very very faint calcium was picked up barely by the ultrasound which the CT had missed I think the current victim is the CTs are not indicated in children retinoblastoma anybody know why that is? radiation yeah there's a high incidence of secondary tumors in these kids up to 20 percent certainly the old days of radiation actually treating with radiation are pretty well gone because of that danger they sometimes get remote secondary cancers too oxygenic sarcomas even away from the eyes of what that is we're not quite sure it's a second hit philosophy but anyway so ultrasound is now the standard to look at these for calcium very cholesterol yeah little tiny cholesterol crystals driving me crazy cause I saw two cases like that couple months ago these real diffuse retinoblastoma that had little tiny bright spots and that can I always worry about that you know I thought it probably one actually had calcium one didn't in those two cases but that can be hard you know the little tiny pinpoint cholesterol crystal could sort of simulate calcium sometimes so the calcium logically so that explains the ultrasound findings the anterior segment lesions here was a case we saw years ago that had this kind of lesion peripherally kind of hard to pick up as you came the ultrasound probe really peripherally you could kind of pick it up but by doing immersion technique you put a shell between the lids and fill a full of fluid and then you can see the anterior segment quite well here's the iris here's the stupid kind of hiding behind the iris and the fact was there was a high frequency 15 megahertz B-scan showing the lesion here and there was the eye nucleated okay this is a not uncommon artifact if you look at a patient and put the probe peripherally the B-scan probe and kind of aim it towards the anterior segment sometimes this will pop up and it sure looks like a lesion right there that round looking thing actually a case sent to me once I think radiation the next day or something and they asked me to ultrasound it and it wasn't a tumor it was a lens and you get real periphery you catch the edge of the lens and so to verify that I did an immersion scan and show that the lens was dense and had a cataract there was no tumor besides this but you can actually do that so something to be aware of in fact here's a case where has the eye moved this kind of rolled across the fund and I'll show that to you that is overview of ultrasound of eye tumors so let me just get this video and show you a couple of these so this is a case that I just got off the flash drives that didn't copy real well but I think we can see enough to get it but this is a patient I saw in clinic referred up here a few days ago and here is the tumor here as you can see behind it see that can behind the sclera that lucency so it looks like a tumor probably melanoma with extra scleral extension you can see that rapid flicker inside that little flickering motions inside the tumor and then also behind it see that lucency behind it so that's concerning that this might be extra scleral extension the one thing it also could be besides melanoma though is a typical lymphoid hyperplasia that's been reported inside the eye these lymphoid cells can get into the chloride they can also have this extra scleral kind of a component to it so it could be that so we're still kind of watching it doing a workout to do some things okay here's I think I showed this yesterday but there's this rapid little flicker inside that see that this kind of little shimmery motion that's spontaneous vascularity right there you see that little rapid flickering inside that so if you see that that's consistent with the blood flow that's usually inside this lesion so if I see that that's very helpful if I don't see it it still doesn't roll out in melanoma but it really most other lesions aren't going to cause that I think I have an A-scan here and also inside this you can just see this rapid really jerking motion things are kind of moving here throughout the order because there's blood flow there but right inside the lesion it really is rapid it's just kind of spontaneous independent of eye motion so both the view of eye tumors I think we have a little time to show you a little bit about the orbit again with modern imaging techniques being so good you kind of wonder what you need and ultrasound that really isn't that helpful especially the v-scan because we can see so far with CTs and MRI scans but there are indications for it so I found these things the v-scan especially helpful for optic nerve rousin which we see a lot which MRIs don't pick up v-scan to see rousin so I'm excited they will miss them and ritual bull bar lesions subtenance lesions wrap the screen for Poptosis just in the clinic enlarged paratomic vein and supposed fistula embolic material in the central artery so these are things I think the v-scan still has a role in can augment other imaging techniques we talked about rousin any rough idea how many people have optic nerve calcified rousin 10% right? it's about 1% 1-2% depends on clinically versus autopsy studies they find more in autopsy studies because they they combine hidden rousin but probably 1-2% Brad Cass and I did a study several years ago looking for the gene which we had not found yet unfortunately we used to go out family reunions in the summertime and take my ultrasound machine and he'd draw blood check people's eyes out in reunions and get all the cousins and relatives that came for the reunion got potato salad on with it too so it was okay but anyway so that's kind of the incidence in the population and these can show up in children although usually I've not really seen calcification before about 8 or 9 years old so I think they can be there but if they're not calcified I have a hard time picking them up by ultrasound so the question is when do they and they can run into families if a family has them in the family tree like somebody else has it then there's a higher incidence of drusen in the whole family but if there's just one isolated individual then it's probably 1% or so anyway so these tend to run sometimes they have it kind of a very funny dominant penetrance but it's really kind of sporadic so in the family group I'll sometimes see a parent with us sometimes a cousin sometimes another relative that's kind of just sporadic throughout the family but you can save a lot of money and a lot of grief if you just think of ultrasound for these cases I still see probably at least a couple times a month I'll see kids send to me that you know seen somebody by their local doctor and you see the swollen nerve and get all nervous and they're sent to neurologist and get a big work up and go through a lot of stuff and they've come back and pick up the drusen so it's just easy to pick them up and if they're not I'm not so convinced yet I've looked at a number of cases with OCT and I think sometimes it's hard you really aren't looking I mean it's really obvious on ultrasound you see the calcium it just stands out at you but OCT is you have to kind of sometimes kind of imagine it but anyway I think it's a standard of care for these cases you're just not sure and again if you don't find drusen like in this swollen nerve here we can do this 30 degree test where we look at the nerve in primary gaze so here's the nerve from here to here and if you had the patient at 30 degrees the nerve thins out so this nerve has gone from here to here which is called a positive 30 degree test which is positive for fluid around the nerve which means it's probably so to term it serobri something like that so all the tumors like liomas don't tend to do that they tend to stay thick so they're thick primary gaze they stay thick as you look to the side because they're a solid lesion but a fluid around the nerve is going to thin out as you stretch the nerve by looking to the side ritual vulvar lesion sub-tenons lesions ulcerous doritis things like that but hyperplasia they get behind the sclera sub-tenon space gets hyperlucent and that's very helpful you can pick this up on the ultrasound sound bird usually so that's a good test for it so this is a case of ulcerous doritis as you can see the scleral thickening here with the sub-tenons lucency behind it with inflammation behind the sclera in the sub-tenon space rapid screen for proptosis Friday night at 5 o'clock you're flogging away and that last patient comes down and they look kind of bulgy and it takes five seconds to put the ultrasound on and see they got a lesion compared to something like pseudo-proptosis like myopia or something like that so it's a very helpful rapid screening test as far as ophthalmic vein you start thinking you see these kind of torture vessels on the conjunctiva you listen for a brewery but a lot of times you don't hear a brewery with these low flow fish but if you see this in large epithelmic vein kind of creeping across the orbit of the temporal this tributary structure that's consistent this is a more dramatic example here showing the enlarged epithelmic vein right here so if you see that that means it's increased blood flow color Doppler is very helpful for these but you can still see this with that color Doppler just on that in the B-scam embellic material I talked about this yesterday the central minority occlusion is about a third of these will have embellic material on B-scam so you can see behind the lamina crevosa this bright density so that's worth doing just a Friday 5 o'clock case just to if you see that you know it's embellic so you have to really pursue the embellic work up send them right away for the stroke work up so I think we do now and I think that's pretty much standard of care now I guess central minority occlusion just send them for the stroke work up anyway but just kind of verify that's what you're thinking of what I do kind of a transocutor going through the globe into the orbit so you go through the eye here here's the orbit tissue here here's a paracutor bypassing the globe right into the orbit so the orbit tends to be high reflective because it's full of interfaces it's got septa, fat, blood vessels, muscles you get a lot of reflection in the orbit and again the vitreous is homogeneous so it just shows a contrast of reflectivity between homogeneous media versus high reflective you can see on the lacrimal gland here's a thickened lacrimal gland from there to there and this kind of up and down movement inside the gland goes along with the mixed cell kind of tumor with the way the pathology shows the different cystic spaces within the lesion quantitation of optic nerves muscles this is very valuable all the time we get CT's MRI's are the muscles big well I think they are or it all just looks I think it looks big it's subjective though this is actually a native test you can actually do the A scan and major things so this is a optic nerve here from there to there and this again is a 30 degree test this is the nerve thickened here and this is thinner here there's some papers out there claiming the B scan can be used to major nerve thickness especially in the ER literature they claim to be able to do that I really don't think so it's really hard these nerve shadows can really you can fool yourself to major nerve thickness but A scan you can actually quantitate it I can actually put a caliper there electronic caliper and major the thickness of the nerve and then the muscles majoring muscles we scan the muscle going here's medial rectus muscle kind of towards the insertion further back towards the orbit so we can actually go along the muscle and major the thickest point of it and quantitate that sinus disease this is not of course the best test for sinus the patient has a lot of pain around the eye kind of fullness feeling all these signals here from the sinus normally sinuses are air filled and air blocks ultrasound that's why you have to use conducting media when you use ultrasound but if you have fluid in the sinus or other things tumors, pollocks you get a lot of signals from the sinus so you pick that up you see that that means there's a sinus disease whatever it is I don't know I get a CT scan at that point but it's just a nice screening test showing the different topographic quantitative kinetic but the point is even though there's nothing about a scan you can still see the difference in different tissue structures so here's a normal orbit here I reflect to all the different interfaces in the orbit this is a cavernous evangeloma you can see the high and low spikes going up and down consistent with the cavernous faces inside the lesion this is a mixed cell tumor we talk about that with lacrimal glands showing the up and down from the cavernous plastic spaces this is a lymphoma right here this is a lymphoma cell tumor right here with real low reflectivity regularity and here is a glioma so it just shows again the difference of pathology correlation to the A scan so it's very hopeful and we can do kinetic we can actually push on things you can push against lesions and see the lesion here and as you push a little bit you can see how solid they are so that's cavern overview of the orbit so we'll just cover it off there any questions? okay so ultrasound could be useful and so you know very helpful especially in third world stuff I do a fair amount of that and they're really valuable get these clinics out there that don't have access to CTs, MRIs and we can donate an ultrasound to them it really helps them increases their capability for both intraocular and orbital processes so really it's a useful technique check thanks


felly mae'n golygu yn gweithio chi ddweud i ddechrau, cwylio gael ei yn ymddangos gwahanol. Yn gwybod ni'n gweithio bod gwaith efallai y dyfodol rydym yn y gweithio ar y ddefnyddio ar hyn. Dyfodol ddod Kimchi yn siaradau! Yn i'r ddechrau mae'r dweud! A mae'n bêl yn siaradau... Dan yn ymdangos yn 4.50. Felly mae'n edrych yn ôl. A dyma'r 12.50. rydych chi arnynt. Mae hyn yn ychydig oherwydd meddyl, mae hyn yn bachol gweithio, ac mae'n rydyn ni'n meddylu na gennynny fi'n dal i fynd yn ôl i fynd y佣 él. Rydyn ni'n no feddwl chi erbyn yn cyffredin. Cynnyn nhw'n gyffredin ni, so gallwn ni da i'n gwneud. Hefyd ar y [? hyffredin ni ddiwedd. Yna rydych yn ôl i chi. Rydyn ni'n ni'n ni fwy o'r gwaith biddwyd y pwysig a i'n caelpad hyn. Mae ar y cyffredin ni'n ceisio i fyw i ddydd, am y pwysig. Felly er totally iddynt gyda i hyffordd o target. Mae gennym adael o fynd, ac nid i weithio gŵr i'r rhaglion yn mili'r gŵr yn ei hunain. Rydw i'n meddwl i gael ar-ŵr. Lentl wedi bod yn meddwl. Alex yn unig i'n gĵr meddwl dros y bach i'r gwaheg. Nid i'r fanchai codi yn ffordd, wrth gwrs, heddiw'n gwneud os y ddafn gwir, ar hwnnw yr oedd y ddw i'n meddwl, gan gallwn ni'n meddwl. Felly皆 ond yn i'n meddwl yma. Ac oes y tuwch, dyna'r rhai a'r llwyw'r llwy hwnna. Felly, ehm... Felly, nid ddweud i ni'n rhywbeth chi'n gweld fel gwir substoedd cwmru a'r diwrnod. Felly, ei wneud i ni'n gweld fel gwir, mwyn i chi'n gweld fel gwir, ddweud i chi'n gweld fel gwir. Felly, nad yw'n mynd i chi'n gweld fel gwir, mae'n collu allu, mae'n gweld fel gwir, wedyn mwyn i chi'n gweld fel gwir o'i, defnyddio'n gwir o'i, so ma'n ei wneud ei wneud i chi'n gwir. Yn ymddych chi'n gweld. Rwy'n meddwl i'n ddestwch i ddamp. Rydw i'n fregyn. A'r meddwl. Mae'r ddechrau'n cyfnod i'r meddwl. Cyddi'n gweithio, ddim yn hollol a ddim yn meddwl i ddwych. Mae'n golygu i'n meddwl i'r meddwl i ddwych. Rydw i'n meddwl i'n meddwl. Rydw i'n meddwl i'n meddwl i'n meddwl i ddwych. Felly... Felly... Felly rydych chi'n meddwl i ddwych. ddim yn dda. Felly yn ddigon. That's what we're up to. We've only got two and a half hours left. Two hours. If that... He's picking it up at 3. 10 pas 3. It takes 10 minutes to station for me mate. Where you've got to get it cleaned at me, yeah? Yeah. That's what I mean. I'm going to help you cross with the lintel and everything, and then I'm going to go. The days just got away from us again but it was pitch black and raining this morning so we didn't bother first thing. Oh, e'n gwybod, yn ei ddweud, eich eich 150l o adegwyddiad. Rydw i'r dda ni'n cael 200l o ddamp. Rydw i chi'n gwelio eich label. Rydw i'n cael 600l o ddamp. Rydw i'n cael 80 inch o 450l o ddamp, eich llwystau o'r ddamp i gael o'r ddamp. Rydw i'n go iawn o'r pwyllt. Rydw i'n cael 600l o ddamp, eich quesio ddamp. Rydw i'n gydig o'u gilydd. Rydw i'n cael 500l o ddamp. Mi ddweud eich lle wedi yw y gweud o'r unrhyw? A'r ond, dylai ar symud. Mae'n edrych yn dwyh. Mae'n sioedd, mae'n rhanes ar ei llank. Fewn. E pa fawr phobl mae'n ddechrau hynny. Yna ar y cwm ym ni'n daith ym gyda'i. Mae'r 12 oed. Fe ydoli'n meddl. Mae'r meddli sydd meddli sydd mewn ac altru. Mae'r meddli wedi lawer o dertyni ddiogelwyd. Mae'n meddli yw… Mae'n meddli ddoli, werwi, cwndi. Dyna, ychydig. Ond felly mae'n gael y bwysig i'r llwyddo'r bwysig i'r llwyddo'r cyfanyddio'r cyfrifol. Rydym yn gweithio'r gyflwrs, ond mae'n gynnaladodd. Rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio'r cyfrifol. Dyna, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio. Rwy'n gweithio, mae'n gweithio'n gweithio. Rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio, ddyn nhw yma. Ym Llywodraeth Ym Llywodraeth, panwydd y palau, yn gweithio'r damlwgau a gwithio'r gweithio, Sut yn diolch yn ddw i gyd y ddi, phobl a'r dduf, sut yn diolch yn ar 12 gallwn rôl. Y sydd wedi gweithio'r ddweud. Beth yna'r ddweud ystafell yn 8 mil, Chyn ni'n wg dweithio'r gwahanol, a'r stafell yn bod gylai agordd a wedi gweithio'r ddweithio yn byd a'r gyflent yn gweithio'r ddweithio'r ddweithio. Nw yw Neil yn fwy o'r gweithio'r ddweithio. mae'n fwyaf i'r bobl. mae'n cael ei wneud. Felly mae'n gynhyrchu. Fel ffyrdd ymlaen i'r Eiv Eiv. 23... 23 deisember. Felly mae'n gwybod yn gweithio. Mae'r ddim yn fwyaf. Mae'n ddechrau i'r ddweud. Felly mae'n ddysgogi, mae'n ddysgogi, mae'n ddysgogi, mae'n ddysgogi. Felly mae'n ddysgogi i'r ddysgogi i'r ddysgogi. Felly mae'n ddysgogi i'r ddysgogi i gade gallwn. Felly mae'n bodhowgryyst. Mynd yr un tym ni yn gallu pethau eiv yn dweud i'r ddysgogi mae'n ddysgogi i'r ddysgogi i'r ddysgogi. Mae'n ddysgogi i ddysgogi i'r eraidiot yma. Mae'n symbolism, D Moderneon. Mae oes lle bywchINDISTINCT. Felly mae angen pen sprint. Yng nghwyl yn ten markingfur. Mae angen am ddechrau'n ddedig. Felly mae angen ar gynnig y designer i gafnog. Felly mae Tour�is Gall techa yma. Dwi'n gweithio'r planc mae'n ddawwch ar gyfer ddigon. Roedd yna fel i'w meddwl i'r planc i'r pupain. Fe'n bwysigodd cyfrychol a ddim iechyd. Dyna gallu gyffordd, wedi cael ei holl agedfyniaeth. Felly mae'r holl agedfyniaeth wedi'u bobl am y cael ei holl iddo. Beth dw i'r holl agedfyniaeth? Mae'r holl gelf. Yn ni'n fyddi gael i ni… Yn ni'n ddweud, beth yna hanes, doedd na ei hynny o'r 28 — mae hynny yna yn ddaw. Roedden nhw. Mae'n ei bouch i'r sioldd yn Alex i chi oed yn dweud. Mae yn eier ystiydd eich ystyrng i'r tyff yn y stêl. Rwy'n iawn i'n ei ddorol. Ac rwy'n enw i'n ddwy'r fath. Mwyn fyddai'r lleoli'r teimlo'r byddai'n ei gweithio. Chwy'r hygylchau cyffredinol yn ystyrn. Ac ystodd a'r mhŵr, yn ymwyfydd yma, lle mae'n ymryd yna... Wrth gwrs, ei wneud i'r prysau eich cyffredinol o'r prysau'r butafolol gyda'r llin gelig. Hodge's closed yesterday for Christmas so we can't even nip and nip get a genie. My fault for not checking, but even though we wouldn't have had a chance to get it on before today. Now if it doesn't go in today it's going to be second week in January before we can finish this thing when Alex is back. So we're just muddling through. What we did in the end, I couldn't film it because the phone kept blowing over. We took it back off the scaffold, dropped it down, put it on the wheels out to there. Got onto the scaffold up and slid it up using the wheels till we broke it back and then slid it out. So now we've only got some 80 inches. So we're going to get it up onto the hop ups. So it's pretty much level with the wall and then just up and on. It needs bedding on but once we've got it in a position we can just lift it, put a bed underneath it. Because it won't need much of bed because that is not moving anywhere. So yeah, it's really struggling. It's like about heavy cold. Hopefully it's not Covid. So right, let's get this thing up onto that wall. How's it going? Right, there you go. There's where we're up to. I know we should have got a genie lift but we ran out of time. We couldn't make it in here to get it in before we were shot. If we realised we'd have done this sooner. A lot sooner in the rain. We'd just stayed awake as the weather. If we realised we'd have just come and done it in the rain. But we didn't think we'd be here the day before because we've tried to do this. But that's where we're up to. I can't physically lift that thing. So doing it block by block to get it near enough in position then we can go up and on. It's not fun. And this is by under no circumstance much.  And it won't be happening again. I tell you, this will be my new year's resolution over compensated for anything like this. And we're going to try and avoid these steels altogether. We're actually talking to Keystone Lintles at the moment about their new high-therm cavity lintles, isn't it? Which have a plastic top. So it's called bridge and break on it. But if it all works out, we'll be filling in on that. But hopefully they'll be supplying the proper lintles instead of these massive steels. This isn't even a big one. That's why I thought it'd be okay to lift in. But with it being up on a 330 plate, the plate's all awake. The actual steel's only 178 high by 100. I could lift down in the doddle, but it's the plate. And it's not just the plate's weight, it's the weight. It just throws a lot of bounce for lifting. It wasn't so spread out because, like Dad just said, with it being a 150 plate cavity, you can't stand close to it. It'd be that much smaller, which we can handle. It's just trying to balance the weight on those plates. This is the first downside we found about the big cavity. Yeah, there you go. So I'll try and get the phone set up and film it, but we'll see. You can see by the camera lens and the sky on my jumper. It's just pulled down, so we're not going to risk it. Because once we've got that up for courses, there's no way of covering that without it getting blown away. It's still a weather warning till midnight tonight. I'm pretty glad we didn't do anything today, actually, because it would have got ruined. Because it's blowing straight against the front of the extension. Well, we've looked it out and we've got sound ready for a half a minute. And we also know the steel needs drilling so we can be quick for it when we come back. Yeah, I forgot to ask James to drill the steel out, because to be perfectly frank, my head's been up my arse for the last two weeks and I've barely been able to function. Never mind. Remember things like that. It's been a really, really stressful couple of weeks and it's been hard work. Just glad for this one here and his mum for looking after me. Just redoing the bricks so it's blowing up. What I'll do is I'll pass some pavers up to spin round the other way to stop it flipping up. Which is, yeah, just one extra few bricks on just to make sure nothing gets unhovered. We don't want these folks getting any water in them and then we're bugging off. I think we're just going to get the van. We're going to take a few boards back with us that we don't need, get them off site. That's a good ale. Maybe bring the line down a little bit. Maybe bring the line down a touch to pin it a bit lower. Not too much, probably about a course. Yeah, I'll do. It wasn't a complete waste of time. We got a nice bacon butty out of it. I had a sausage and bacon. That was delicious and I also had a sausage. So, we're going home. Let's go. Slow down the loose boards up in the van and get going. I'll catch you in a bit. Happy New Year, January the 6th. And I'm currently at JM. This is my little cutter for cutting the steel. The first one eventually wore out after four holes. The second one just disintegrated first out. I've just been to pay me a bill before New Year for the extension run now. I went to buy a couple more of the bits and Paul said, they're no good then. He says, do you want to borrow my drill? So, thank you Paul for lending us your my drill. So, I'm going to take this back now. Get the rest of the holes drilled out, which is fantastic. So, all four of them saved me buying all them extra bits as well. So, yeah. I'm going to get back to the job. Get the rest of these holes drilled out for Neil. I hope this rain stays off. Thanks again, JM Steel. Pause that. Take a note of that. Great service. Right, ten past one. That's half a day there you go, and a bit more. You lead, Steve. You lead. Yeah. Just saying to Louis, when you get to my age, Chris was going to say the boring. What does? Chris was going to say the boring. Me walkie don't do, extension cables are going to still batfish, haven't it? Yeah, yeah. Sixty quid now. But it's 40 metre and metal. Now, let's see how this thing works. I've still got one, but it keeps tripping out. Something wrong with it. Well, that mine looks good. I've got a six inch cavity there. Oh, okay. It's just because it's all covered up. Yeah. This one's going to be slightly log-sized. See that? That's when we bit went. It's munt. I think it's over. It used to didn't like temper it. Right. So I'm going to bring it over a little bit. There you go, 23. Cameron's making funny noises because it's got wet. Been back to JM. They were fine about it. They said it's probably just a blunt bit. So there's me feeling bad because I thought someone'd let me have some gear and broke it. But it was just a, it needed a new bit. Yeah. Need a new bit. Neil and Louie are just bringing the tiles round. Well, it's tidied. It's cleared up. So, yeah. Let's start this thing out. 100 mil in. Roughly positioned. Just try it. Basically, it's a magnetic kilo drill. Get where you want it. That's solid. And then you just get cracking. So there you go. 24. 6. 8. It holds quicker than there's one up there. So it just shows how blunt it was. That was it. It's not even sticking to it. It's getting magnetic before because it got all hot and everything is sticking to it. Fantastic piece of kit of that. Thanks very much to JM for lending me that. It's made such a big difference. He taught me a lesson. Don't forget to ask JM to do the drilling before they deliver the steel. It would have been a bit lighter, lifting up as well. Yeah, so that's for Neil now to drill through the wall plate and bulk down to the steel. Because obviously it's no point bedding onto the steel. And the steel is slightly lower than that side. So this port wall plate has been built up slightly. It's took the ridge out for the ridge to go in. So we've got a pencil mark over there. A pencil mark here. So it's going to come on Tuesday just to mark it up exactly for us. And that'll give us a line. We can transfer to the front then and get that pike built. Which should be quite a big pike. It's quite a bit of it built already. But the Blue Tours Alex will be back from Sweden on Monday. So we're looking forward to getting it finished. It's a big gap when you don't finish a job over Christmas. It's left for a long time. Not very good for the customs but like it said on the news today, we had 40 days. 40 days of rain every single day in the UK. So I'm packing up and going home now.


I'm super excited to be hanging out with you guys today. We're gonna be going over a really fun haircut. This is definitely a trending cut. So if you guys have questions, make sure you post them in the chat. Type Q, put in your question, that's all you have to do. Hit that Q button. Let me see if I can show you guys how to do it. Visuals are always better for us, right? So type Q, put in your question. That way through the chat, I can see it. Oh my God, my comb has been shipped. Jess, yes. Here's what I'm gonna tell you. Christina's office is full of packages right now. She looks like Santa Claus. Our tri-raiser started shipping yesterday. So pending post office delays, you guys should be getting it. What's up Peach from Philly? We're neighbors. So good to see you guys again. Post Q, put your question. That way I can see it in the chat. There's a lot of people in here on all different platforms. I get to see the chat throughout all the platforms. So even if it looks like there's not a lot of people on the platform that you're currently on, they could be somewhere else. So check us out on YouTube, Facebook. We're also live on Minerva Beauty's Facebook as well. Let me make this go away. So if you guys don't know Minerva Beauty, they are my good friends. They sell salon furniture and tools. They fitted our whole salon with beautiful furniture. If you guys wanna check it out, go to salongratitude.com. Don't book an appointment with me. I don't take new customers. But you can book with any of our staff. Also, check out the beautiful furniture that Minerva provided for us. Also, here's another thing. Yeah, good song, good song. Here's another thing. Minerva Beauty has huge sales going on. I just sent out an email yesterday. They have color bars now so you guys can organize your color. If you're looking to upgrade your salon furniture, check out Minerva Beauty. They've been supporting free salon education since the beginning. They're one of our biggest supporters and I really appreciate them. They are my friends. I love everybody that works there and they have such good deals going on. So check out MinervaBeauty.com. We're also live on their Facebook today. And really the biggest reason why we consistently do this every single Tuesday because I'm not the most consistent person. So thank you, Minerva Beauty. If anything, even if you don't buy furniture right now, go check out their Instagram because they have beautiful, I've probably said beautiful. We could make that a drinking game at this point. Let me show you Minerva Beauty's Instagram real quick before we get started because if you have no idea what the current trends are in salons and what they look like, this is one of my favorite things to do because they post a lot of their customers' images of their salons. So take a look. And this isn't like, I'm not talking 12 chair salons. A lot of us out there, we work by ourselves. We work in a studio. We work with four people, not always 20 people. They do everything, but take a look at the ideas that you can get. See if it'll focus in. There you go. And look at that. Look at that beautiful salon. Look at that one. Jealous. So look at this. Just ideas, and then you can click and shop. So it's a pretty simple way to check out Minerva Beauty on the interwebs on Instagram. So there you go. So just beautiful salon ideas. And it's one of my favorite things to go on there. Just look at how people design stuff, how they color scheme, and it'll give you guys some ideas as well. Kind of like walking through Ikea.  So there you go. All right, Long Beach, California, what's up? Let me know in the chat where you guys are watching currently. I love seeing that. And make sure you share this show with all of your friends out there. If you don't say one word in the chat, just hit the share button. That's all I ask for, because that's how we spread the love of this show. Now, if you're new to the show, type new in the chat. And if you're an OG, you've been watching this for a while, type OG in the chat. I love seeing all of you guys in there. And it's cool because I get to see and start to recognize some names and faces and everything throughout the chat. So definitely get involved. It's more fun that way. All right. Today, we are going to be cutting. Gotta catch my breath. Talk too much. All right, today, we're gonna be cutting a pretty popular haircut. I've been seeing it all over the place. It's not really that this haircut is complicated, but it is uniquely messy and consistently throughout the TikTok culture and what I've seen from male TikTok influencers is that they're all kind of wearing this very similar haircut. So I wanna walk you guys through my version of that. It's gonna be really fun. If you have questions as we go, I remember, type Q and put your question. That's what this is all about. Ashley, awesome. I'm glad you're on the live, not new to your Facebook, but new to the live. Very cool. Levittown PA, right down the road. Very cool, Robin. Jonathan India, not right down the road. Thanks for watching. It was super cool because me and Christina, so our tri-raiser, this is our new tool that started shipping yesterday. You see, I'm in black clothes and this is dark, but tri-raiser, actually, look at this, pop. Yeah, so this is a tri-raiser. It's our new razor tool, just started shipping yesterday worldwide and me and Christina packed tons of packages last night and it was crazy. I came in today to see how many are going out in the mail today and the reason I'm telling you guys this is because we were talking last night. We haven't been able to ship worldwide any products that we've been selling because of distribution rights and all that stuff and we've had a worldwide audience forever so it's really cool that now we have our own tool and we can sell it worldwide and last night, Christina was here for eight hours straight packing packages for you guys and we were talking when she got home, finally, that all the places that we're shipping them to so it's literally all over the world. So thank you guys so much, all of you guys who have ordered one. If you haven't, you can go to Shop FSE, get your order in. It's no longer pre-order, it's now shipping so I'm excited for all of you guys to have it in your hands, cutting hair with it, having fun, I'm gonna do some of the haircut today with it as well so you can learn how to use it and I'm just excited to see what you guys create with it and share it. So thank you, Anise, I really appreciate that. All right guys, cool. So let's go over, I got all the stuff out of the way here. Let's go over to the mannequin. So I wanna talk about, actually, before I do that, I'm getting ahead of myself here. Gotta show you guys what we're cutting today. So this kid, his name is Jacob Sartorius, I believe. I don't really know because I don't really get too involved in TikTok at this moment, probably should more. I'm working on that, that's my 2021 goal. But Jacob Sartorius is one of the most popular male influencers on TikTok. This haircut is very popular. So I'm gonna show you guys, this is the first picture. Cool kid, I actually think he might be older than I think he is, I'm just getting old, so there we go. But he, I don't have no idea how old he is. But this haircut, although looks kind of just messy, I love the disconnection of it, I love the texture in it. So that's kind of what we're gonna walk through today. Let me show you a couple other versions of it. If you guys know who he is, let me know in the chat. I'm sure you do, or your kids do. Here's the next one, again, messy. So I mean, it's kind of similar. He's got a little bit wavier hair than I do, but it's just kind of a messy top with disconnection. But I'm gonna show you guys some strategies to creating that. And then also when we go through the style, it looks like he didn't style this, but I know he did. So, well, I don't know if he did in this moment, but he definitely did. My phone's ringing. There we go. So here we go. Now Jacob, here's one more picture of him. And this is one thing I want you guys to kind of realize is when a client brings in a picture of a style and you're going through it, I think that one of the best things to do is just bring up multiple, yeah, I know, keep calling, is to bring up multiple images of the same person because what might happen and what I found can happen is when somebody says, oh, I want the Jacob Sartorius haircut, we go and look at one picture or we might pull up an old picture and you wanna try to find the most current. So going to Instagram is usually the best idea because then you can figure out. For me, I kind of looked up what this TikTok hairstyle was and I wanted to look at it on a few different people so I could see kind of an average style of it, not necessarily just the one way of doing it. So where is he from? He's from TikTok. So he's a musician at this point. I don't know if he was a musician at the beginning. This is not a tutorial about who he is. It's about his haircut and I know he's popular. You can look him up for sure and he does music on TikTok. Okay, I'm going to close this out. So this is the haircut that we're gonna create today. Super simple. I'm gonna show you guys how to go through it step by step and we're gonna have some fun creating it. So let me go right here. I'm gonna grab up some. So who's excited to watch this cut? Let me know in the chat. Let me see your favorite emoji. California, cool. What's up, Akshay? Good to see you. All right guys, I'm just formatting a card real quick so we can, here's one thing about this. This is a class format so this will be a little bit longer class. If you guys like the shorter tutorials, this will be out as a tutorial as well. The whole reason I do these lives is I also record them for YouTube so I can break it up and make it smaller. But I like being on here live so I can answer your guys' questions. So that's kind of the most important part of this whole experience is to get involved in the chat. All right, almost ready. Cool, Washington, Texas. Recording. All right, ready to roll. Okay, so to start this off, I sectioned it. And the way that I sectioned it off was just to really focus on that parietal ridge area. Now he has quite a bit of disconnection and that disconnection sits pretty low. So let me throw on his photo one more time right here. So zoom into where I sectioned off. So you can see on his how it sits. So his hair kind of comes over to this side over this way. Now, that doesn't mean that this is actually sitting lower. It's disconnected underneath. So I wanted to find that ridge and then you go just a little bit below the parietal ridge. So right here, I can see the comb coming off. So as it kind of tilts up a little bit, this is where my parietal ridge area is. So I go slightly below that. I want that weight sitting there. And then everything underneath, we're gonna take shorter. So you can do this a couple different ways. You can cut it using a razor, which I kind of like. And some of these TikTok influencers, what they're wearing in this haircut, they wear it a little bit kind of shaggier through the bottom. His a little bit tighter, so you could do it either with a clipper or you can do it with a razor. Today, I'm gonna do it with a razor and take it nice and short still, but show you guys how to do that. So I'll spray it down a little bit and we're gonna take vertical sections, take his, should probably show you guys how to do those highlights too. See where we're at with time. Probably a different day, but. Okay, so we got the tri razor here. Now, we've got the 100% cutting side and you've got two texture sides. You got texture 25, texture 50, depending on how much texture you wanna create. We'll do these two sides up top and this will be how we cut the bottom in a more precise way. So first things first, we take the comb. Now, let me see where I can show you guys the best view. I'm gonna work slight diagonal back. Grab the hair, slight diagonal back section. Bring it out to me and I'm gonna go real close to the head. Keep under. So I'll go close to the head and then I've got my 100% side and I'm just gonna slide and cut. You can see how that just takes and creates a nice line. I'm gonna do the same thing right next to it. Bring that hair in, comb it up towards me. This, now I've got my 100% and just slide down. So we're creating a slight textured effect but still very precise throughout the cut. Hello Beverly from Mississippi, Becca from Utah, good to see you guys. I'll bring the hair in and I really wanna do this in a salon kind of reality pace for you guys so you can see how quick this cut can happen. So I'll just work through it nice and fast. Wonder if this will be a better angle for you guys. Let's see. So still working on that diagonal back just works right through it and I like it cause I can visually see everything that I'm doing. So being able to create those lines in there while still holding the hair kind of away from the head is awesome. Jessica from Paul Mitchell of the School, Huntsville. What's up Jessica? Hopefully the tri-raiser will be available Paul Mitchell of the School kits someday, right? All right, so look, I see my guide right there and I just draw my line. After that pause, recomb and you continue working that line. Now I just wanna make sure that this hair is right above the section so I don't get too much over direction and I'm not creating extra weight. This is also great for a pixie cut. So those of you guys that might be thinking that right now, you are correct.  It's a great way to do it. Now I'm gonna go a little bit away from the scalp now because I wanna start to build up weight. So if you look at right here, right in this area towards the top of the crown, I'm not gonna go up into the head.  I wanna start building a nice little kind of curve on in the crown. So still bringing everything straight out but cutting it a little bit longer. What type of razor blades? So let me show you guys the blade that I'm using. So this is the blade that goes in right here and you can buy TriRazor blades on our website. We have limited quantities of the blades for like the next 20 days but we will have more coming in and you get blades with your order. So you'll get five in a box plus the three that are in it. So it comes with three inside. So you can see right here, and this thing's $44, so cheap, right? Not too expensive, right there, average razor cost and you can see the three blades go in it and then you put it right back together, snap it in.  You got all three blades in there. So now there's a buildup of weight happening right here in the crown. That's all from changing my finger angle, just cutting a little bit longer, working my way through. Let me get back to salon pace here, see that length. All right, now we're gonna go to the opposite side here and we're gonna start working backwards to connect the two sides. Just sprayed him in the face because I was reading your guys' comments and then I just looked at him and I was like, whoops, don't do that. Don't do that to your people. So diagonal back, I'm gonna bring this hairline piece in later. Thank you, Nicky, appreciate that. They're back, see how I can get best view for you guys. There we go, just slide through and we just continue diagonal back until we meet that opposite side. Hold my hand in the way, guys, sorry about that. Almost there, so now we're starting to work into both sides as I comb backwards. So I'm gonna bring it in the way that I got to. I just see my guide underneath and then I slide and cut through. So imagine the ease of being able to cut face frame or anything like that where you just kind of slide through. So here, now I'm gonna show you guys. So now I'm connecting both sides. So as I get over here, as I get into this area, I'm still taking those diagonal back sections through here. So diagonal back. So when I grab up the hair, I'm actually gonna see the previously cut side in my fingers. So I'm just sliding through and connecting those two sides together. So here, slide and connect. Just like that tiny bit of hair connecting the two together. So now, the way that we cut this, we created a nice little buildup of weight within the haircut. We also have this kind of fringy outer perimeter, which we can cut into so we can pinch and cut. You can also go through with your scissor and cut or your trimmer and cut. However you like the look to be, I like a little more kind of free feel to it. I am gonna go around blow dry this real quick and do some detail work with the scissor around the edges. So I like to combine both tools. All right, so now we're gonna blow dry. I'm gonna work this back and forth. Here we go. So now that I got them dry, I'm gonna take and work through with my comb and just do a little bit of detailing throughout this cut. So I'll just look at little things like where the razor I like. I don't wanna take away inconsistencies because I love that texture to affect that the razor gives, but just adding in some kind of details around the edges around the ear, all that stuff. So right in here, I'll just go right through and around the ear. I want it to be over the ear because I still wanna create that texture, but it doesn't need to be so far over the ear, right? So just kind of clean that up and then I'm gonna take, create a little more of a sideburn. Obviously this you could kind of blend into their facial hair if you wanted to, depending on if they're 12 or not, like the guy that we're, he's probably not 12. So working through around the ear and again right here, that's about it. So you get this kind of cleaner appearance, but then the texture within the inside. We're gonna do the same thing on the opposite side here. Slight diagonal back, little scissor over comb. The ear, take this a little tighter. Again, I don't wanna affect the texture. So I'm not trying to go too crazy and then this little build up of weight here in the back, that's really, that was the key right there. You don't want this to be flat against his head and then have that disconnect. You wanna build it up a little bit and then as we kind of build into this disconnect on the top, start cutting the top a little bit shorter, it's totally fine because you still aren't taking away the shape of the head. I don't know what Jacob, the kid that we're kind of mimicking with the haircut today. I don't know what the back of his head looks like, but for me, if I was doing this on a client, I would not want the back of the head to be flat at all. Or to show too much disconnection. To me, that's when this haircut kind of turns more, just, I don't wanna say amateurish, but it just doesn't really have a put together feel to it. And even though you're working disconnection, you still want it to have kind of a put together feel. All right. So now I'm gonna let this top down, nice and long with that wave. And I'm gonna comb everything forward. And most likely, your client will not have this long of a top. If they do, then you can try to keep that out of their face, but he's not real, so I'm just gonna comb it all forward. Now we're gonna work across the top. I wanna show you guys over here. We zoom in here as we work across. So this, the sectioning that we had was kind of like this. So we had this kind of U-shaped section around the top. So this is that back portion of the crown that it gets a little bit longer. All we're working on is this now front area and it goes into that parietal ridge. So you shouldn't really see too much of your section. If you look over top, you shouldn't see much of your partings. That your parting should not be in here tighter. That means they're not under the parietal ridge. Parietal ridge is that curve, right? That happens. So now that I'm here, let me go, I take my parting, right?  For the length that I want the middle to be. And then what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna build off of that and we're gonna do a traveling guide all the way across the top, just like this. And all of it is gonna be elevated straight up. So we're gonna do that through both sides like that. So this is our center line. Now I'm gonna bring my center line to the new section, right? So I'll bring this one over to this point and then I'll bring this section over to this one, this section over to that one. So I'm basically, I'm traveling, but by moving the guide across to the edge. What that's gonna do is give me a consistency across the top on my horizontal and my vertical line. And then also this connection based on my elevation and the length with compared to the sides. So here again. So we'll call this section one, two, three, four, five, and so on, two, three, four, five. Those will all be the same. I'm gonna bring section one basically to one and a half. And then I'm gonna bring section two to two and a half, three to three and a half. That way I'm not over directing it too much and I get a consistency throughout the top if that makes sense, hopefully. And Jess, I see your question. Yes, I do use this board in class. So virtual cutting club, if you guys don't know about it. I meet with hairdressers every Monday. We're part of a club. It's $50 a month. It's a subscription based model and we cut hair over zoom together. And then I use, so we do it together. We do haircuts together this week. We focused on all different popular fringes of 2020. We cut them together. And then you go on our app and you get a blue check mark that says that you train with me.  So, all right, here we go. We're gonna work through the top. Like I said, we got a vertical section through the top. So I'm gonna take that all the way across. And I think the key thing for me in this cut, I'm trying to stay out of your way, is to pick the right length for the top. That's really, for me, the most important.  First, make sure that our length seems good and then we will move forward with the rest. So right there, now let me take another line right next to it. Want it to be pretty thin. It's pretty good. There, no more than my finger width apart. Actually take a little, just gonna clip a little bit here. Okay, so now we're gonna work from this point and we're gonna work a straight line across the top, just like this, let me back out a little bit. So we are gonna work a straight line across the top, just like this. And what's gonna happen is the head starts to curve down. And when the head curves down, that means I'm pulling hair from a longer point to get to this line. And when you do that, you start to create a little extra length. So through the top, I'm not trying to create a ton of length here because now we're gonna create this horizontal line that comes across this way as well. And if we do that, I don't want this disconnect to be too extreme with the sides, right? So we wanna create disconnect but we don't want it to be too much. So picking the right length makes the most sense here. So I come up, I've got this hair in my hand, no guide, I'm not worried about the guide right here because I don't wanna connect it fully to this. I just want it to disconnect over top of it. So right here, and if I need to blend that a little bit later, I can.  So right there, and then I'm gonna work my line across. I'll pick up a little bit more hair and continue that line across. And I'm just gonna walk across the top of the head and what's gonna happen is that hair that started shorter here, it's pretty short, gets longer and longer. And our goal is for it not to get too long by the time it gets to the front because you want that texture in there but you don't need a ton of length. So look, when I let this go, how long this already is. It's already at his nose. You can see. So that line across gets super long because of the forehead in the front but this is gonna give us a ton of hair to kind of play with in that style at the end. So now I'm gonna continue through this side, taking those vertical sections, hit the overhead, you brighten this up a little bit, there we go. All right, comb the hair forward and now I'm gonna pull on a drop, pull this guide over to the new section. You should see the guide diffuse just slightly. That's when you know you got it in the right spot. How would you hold the slash cut the top if you were to use a razor instead of shears? That's a great question. So if I was gonna use the razor which I'm gonna use the razor to do some texturizing on the top of this but if I was going to use the razor to cut I would hold it like, let me show you. Grab my section first. We'll go right over where it lives. I would go a little bit past that and then I would slide the razor. So let me show you actually. So comb the hair up like this. It's over top of where it lives. Go past that, I see the guide and then I can just come in here and I can actually slide straight across that section. That creates a nice line all the way across. Then I pick up, bring it over top where that section is and then I slide across. For me, I like using the scissor at this point because I like to create that precision line and then go through and create the texture after but if you wanted to just create a textured line right away, you can totally do that as well. So that's one section with the razor. So we're getting close to this pride or ridge area of where it lives, cut across. Couple, couple more, tilt the head towards me just a little bit. You just wanna make sure that this hair here is coming straight over that parting. That's the key. The rest of this hair, all this will fall out of the section when you push it over. Then last one. All right. Now I'm just gonna make sure I check the back. See a couple of little, that looks cool. All right. So let me flip to the side camera. And so you guys can see how this kind of the texture in the cut is already building up and then it gets longer into the front. And a lot of times when we see that length in the front, we always think, well, I should start over directing it so that I can create it. But when you start over directing too much, you get way too much length in the front. So now I'm gonna do the same thing opposite side. We're gonna do it real quick. The guide will come from the center to start us and then it'll travel across. And remember that center is gonna come back to the new section. Here it is, got the new section, part everything over, comb it up into my hand and then bring that center towards me, like this, over top of the section. Up, bring the guide over. So if you bring the new hair over to the guide, what do you think's gonna happen? Think about that. If I take a new section and I bring it back over, see if I can hide this. If I take the new section that I took and I bring it to the guide, I'm pulling it away from where it lives and bringing it to a place to cut it. So anytime you take something and take it somewhere, it's gonna have a longer way to get. So it's gonna be a longer section. And if I do that every single time working my way over, by the time I get to the edge, the hair is gonna be super long. And I want a disconnect, but I don't want a really long disconnect in this cut. So you gotta be careful and make sure you bring that guide over and let the section live. Basically on top of the parting, maybe not quite. So you get yourself consistent length all the way through. All right, almost there, a couple more sections. This is a good point to show you guys here that this is, here's the disconnect and this hair is coming straight up. I comb the guide towards it. Bring this guide towards the section, but that section is still straight over top where it lives. And I'll finalize the back a little bit. Bring that straight up. So now I'm gonna go back to the razor. So now we've got our front. We've got all these layers created in here. This hairstyle is gonna be worn pretty messy up in the front like that. So it'll have a ton of texture in there. It's disconnected from the sides, but it gets pushed forward just a little bit. So now I'm just gonna go in with some of these pieces, add in just a little bit of air, a little bit of texture into it. So I'll grab little bits like this and I'll just kind of work the razor through the front. So just like that. Pinch some little pieces and work through it. So I'll work my hands in there, see where it falls a little bit longer than I want it to. Cut into it. Pieces. All right, let's turn into something now. Okay, so here's what I'm gonna do at this point. I'm gonna blow it dry again and this time everything's gonna get blown dry forward. See you later, Lynn. Merry Christmas. So all this gets blown dry forward and then the top I'm actually going to diffuse into it. So I'm gonna add a little bit of texture paste to it. I also wanna show you guys how I'm gonna texturize this to just add a little bit more movement to the cut. So one of my favorite things to do here, let me blow dry first and finish the smoothing the top. So I'll just flat wrap it back and forth. Okay, so this is super fun, this technique here. So what I'm gonna do is I've got my dry cutting Velcro clip here and I'm gonna section through the top. So we created this really nice kind of even line throughout the top of the haircut. So now what I wanna do is just go in and add a little bit of texture to it. So this is a really fun texturizing technique. I'll slide my Velcro clip in so you guys can see, just holds that nice and steady. You can get those on our shop as well. And then I take my 25% texture side, zoom in, tilt forward so you guys can see. So right here, and I take this 25 texture side and I just put it against the scalp and I cut into the hair just a little bit. What that does is it removes the tiniest bit of hair from the haircut, but it'll start to add space to it and movement to it. So I can go through, I can do that wherever I want. You can even do it down on the hair a little bit if you want to, so you don't have to go right at the scalp. If they have a little bit thinner hair and you don't wanna take out too much, you wanna create some extra volume in the haircut, you can do it with that as well. Just go underneath it and just take out because those little hairs that are in there help prop up this whole bit, this whole part of the haircut. So take the Velcro clip out. I'm gonna work through again. I like to do a diagonal line when I do this because it creates a little bit softer effect. Push this up, slide Velcro clip in, gives me the nice parting. I'm just gonna go in 25 here and just slide through. There you go. You can see it creates little gaps, little bits of movement, smaller pieces of hair throughout and adds a lot of texture. We'll do the same thing on the opposite side, diagonal forward, comb the hair up, slide the clip in and then right here, slide down, hit 25% out. Now obviously, if they have super thin hair, you gotta be careful doing things like that. If it's medium and you just wanna create some texture, I recommend going a little bit further down on the hair shaft doing that. If they have really thick hair, go right to the scalp with the 25% texture side because it's not gonna remove all the hair but it will create a ton of texture and movement. Now you can also do this around the hairline as well. So let's say we go in here and I just wanna take out and work somebody's hairline a little bit. I can just slide in and take out some hair there depending if it's longer hair. Obviously shorter hair, you might not wanna do that. You could do a little bit texturizing with your scissor or something like that but with this length here, it creates a really nice kind of flow to it. Especially if it was even a little bit longer than that. We can do the same thing in the back here. Comb this hair down, slide in. It looks scarier than it is because this is barely showing much blade in there. So that lighter piece throughout is the amount of blade that's showing. Obviously this is a little scarier when you have here. This is for somebody with super thick hair, longer hair. You wanna go in and really remove. I did a video on that. It's great for dry cutting because it exposes a ton of blade.  So that 25, the Texture 25 side is perfect for all of that. Cutting. Okay. And you can get it. So Yvonne is saying, where can you get it? You can get it on Shop FSE, which is our online store. All right, so now to kind of finalize this haircut for you guys. What I'll do is I'm gonna wet it slightly in the front because it's got more of a wave to it. So I wanna diffuse and it really doesn't feel like it has a lot of product to it. So let me pull up the style. Those of you guys that are just tuning in here, let me pull up what we've been working on right here. I'll put another version of it up too. So here we go. Make it a little smaller. There it is. So a couple of different versions. You can see where is it different ways. I really don't think there's a big rhyme or reason to how he's choosing to wear this, nor do I even know if he really does a lot of prep work to style it. But if you wanted to have a little bit more rhyme and reason to it, then here's what I would suggest. So I add a little bit of moisture to it. Obviously this could just be a right out of the shower thing. Then I'm gonna add a little bit of Maverick dry paste to the hairstyle here. That'll give me just a tiny bit of hold. And I'm gonna scrunch that in. So I'll really kind of work it into my hands first. And then I'll start scrunching it and working it through the front. You can see how it starts to create a little separation with the pieces. So but it doesn't make the hair wet looking. So as we start to diffuse this, it'll look even cooler. So there you go. Disconnection in the back, pieces through the front. And what I've noticed with not just this kid and how he's wearing his hair, but some of the other TikTokers, they have this similar hairstyle. And what they do is it's longer on the sides like this. So it has a little more realistic feel to it. And when they style it, they push this forward. And this kind of lives forward, which is what I like when I see this cut. And what I think makes it kind of have a more lived in appearance to it. Like this kid is pretty clean cut through the sides. And for me, if you're gonna wear this messy, I kind of like that it looks like it was all messy kind of on purpose. So this would be my version. Like if I was gonna cut any of those kid's hair, obviously this is kind of how I would do it. And now let me diffuse it a little bit. This is just to kind of finalize the style, add a little bit of heat to set the style as well. And the purpose of it is to look a little messy. So you don't want to make it too perfect. Because then it's not cool, you know what I'm saying? Thank you, Peg, appreciate it. And if they don't have wavy hair, then it's probably gonna look a little more like my hair. With the disconnection and stuff. But anytime you add product and scrunch it in, you're gonna get a little bit of a wave effect, especially on shorter hair. So I wouldn't worry too much about that. Bigger over here. So what do you guys think? Let me know in the chat if you're digging it. I'm gonna give you guys a full workaround on this thing. Make him go away. So here's the view that personally I love. I love it from the side angle. You can see how that, the layering that we put through the top, how it has that kind of smooth feel. The texture comes out from the structured build of the cut. So that's another reason why I like doing the scissor part and then just going in and creating some of that texture with the razor. And then the, you know, the disconnection on the top from cutting it straight across, gives it that kind of overflow of hair, but it's not too disconnected. And that was the key of getting that center point on the top just right. You know, the sides we went through with the tri razor, love the tool for that. Obviously, like Suzanne's saying, she says the sides need more fade. That's subjective, right? So like everybody has their opinion. I like the sides a little bit more lived in. Suzanne probably wouldn't cut it this way. She would cut it with a closer fade. That's totally cool. You can and no one tells you what to do. My goal of these classes is never to tell you exactly how to do a haircut. It's just my version of it. And I hope you guys don't just copy it and do that and not learn why you're doing everything you're doing. Hopefully you're learning why I'm doing what I'm doing and then you can adapt it to why you would do it the way you would do it. And that's cool. And that's what makes our job super fun. So this is my version of the TikTok haircut for boys, for males. I haven't seen any females on TikTok wearing this haircut. There probably are. So I'm excited to see that as well. But this is one of the top haircuts for males on TikTok right now. All right. All right, cool. So anybody have any questions as we finalize this class today? Zoom in. There you go. Let me give you guys another little turn here. Thank you, Suzanne. Appreciate it. Fantastic. Thank you, Jody. It's messy. It's real. It's a salon reality, which I love. That's, you know, we spend our entire day just trying to do these quick cuts to make them look good, get people on with their day. And this is one of those perfect haircuts for that. Peg, thank you so much. Appreciate it. All right. Gals can totally rock this. I totally agree with you, Anise. 100%. Would you do something different if the person had super straight hair? Well, if they have super straight hair, they would be like me. And that's kind of the cut that I have currently right now. So this is kind of what it would look like more. So you can see I have a ton of product in my hair and I just kind of, I could scrunch it up. It's never gonna look curly. So I just kind of let it be what it is. Besides see-through, I'm not sure where it is. But, is the top cut in a rectangular shape? Christos, yes, it definitely is. Can you talk about how you would do it with clippers? I can, I don't have clippers here, but clippers I would just, you know, I would work the sides and fade it up. So I would do, you know, whatever length I was looking for and then I would just work that fade. Still would not, for this style, I know that we're really into fade culture still a little bit. In my opinion, when I'm seeing the kids wearing, a lot of kids are not, I don't see it in what's popular now. Wearing as many tighter fades as they are wearing. And I think it came from quarantine, like no one got haircuts and so they had to adapt their style. So I think that's just the reality of the world we live in now. No one's getting haircuts as well. People are getting haircuts as often. People are still going to barbershops, still getting haircuts, but in a salon life, I think people have backed off a little bit and have decided to have more lived in looks, which is kind of like this. So in my opinion, you know, you could fade it up. I just want to go too short because I like the idea of it organically still fitting all together. But you can go short if you want. All right, cool. Put the clipper over comb the sides and back or use a clipper guard. If so, maybe a three. Yeah, Anise, that's it. You can totally, a three guard would probably be a little, it would be a little bit shorter than what I did, but it would be similar to what his look like. So if you look at this here, that's probably a three. Maybe a two. So yeah, you could do clipper over comb too. I'd probably do clipper over comb before I would do a clipper guard. All right, let me make those go away. All right, cool. Any other questions? Post them in the chat real quick. As I finalize everything, if you guys get a chance, go to, let me see if this will let me, and it's not going to let me. Go to MinervaBeauty.com and check out everything that they have to offer. Thank you so much to them.  That's what it's all about. They're all about it as well. When we started this quarantine thing, that was the number one thing. Actually the owner of Minerva called me and said, you know, we want to be as involved as possible in helping Stylist out. So, you know, that was kind of what we did. So we started doing live stuff, and I can't think them enough for, you know, just trying to push the industry along, that's what it's all about. So if you're looking for salon styles, different ideas for your salon, again, go to MinervaBeauty on Instagram. Like I said at the beginning, I showed you guys their page. They just got super cool ideas and their furniture is affordable for whether you work in a studio or you're opening a 20 chair salon, 50 chair salon, they're the people you should talk to, and they got a ton of deals. Make sure you're on our email list because we send out those deals all the time. And yeah, that's about it. Let's see. A men's video, do you have, could you do a men's video of what to do for severe receding hairline? It's actually a really good idea, Joy. I'll work on that. Will this be saved for viewing later? Yes. You'll be able to watch it right away. These videos are always available. And like I said, I do record these.  Less talk, more action in that if you guys like it that way. Paulina, thank you so much. Ashley, appreciate it. Adele, would this style work on curly hair? Absolutely. This kind of is a curlier style. Even curlier, it could work. It might look a little more poppy. Like on the top, it might look a little more built out and you might have to take it in a little bit but you could definitely do it on curlier. All right, any other questions? Thank you guys so much. Merry Christmas, happy new year. 8020 Barber, you too as well. Thank you guys very much. It's always a pleasure hanging out with you all. Let me see. And that's it, let's call it a day. Thank you guys, I'm live here every Tuesday, 12.30 Eastern Standard Time. If you guys wanna cut hair with me on Zoom, make sure you join my virtual cutting club. All you have to do is download the FSE Now app which is available on the App Store. Sign up as a virtual cutting club member. You'll start getting the emails, the access to all the past classes, all of that. My fundamentals classes as well. You'll get access to everything. So I'd love to have you a part of the club next year. 2020, it's gonna be a big year. We're gonna get busier and we're gonna get better at doing hair. So thank you guys so much for being with me today. This busy Tuesday, hopefully before the holidays hit and you guys have a great one and I can't wait to see you guys next week right here same time, same place on whatever channel you're watching. Thank you so much. I'll see you next time. Bye. Thank you guys.