Next, we have Suze Hinton, who is my awesome office mate talking all about IoT with Jeffritz. Let's take a look. So I'm totally going to dye the beard. It's going to go red, yellow. Oh, hi, Seth. Oh, hello. My name's Jeffritz, and this is... Suze Hinton. So why don't you introduce yourself to folks on Twitch who don't know who we are? I would be totally okay if people didn't know who I was on Twitch, yeah. I'm Suze Hinton, and I am a senior cloud developer advocate, and I focus on IoT at Microsoft. Now come on, let's do the TwitchCon thing. Where everybody is... You're not Suze Hinton. I'm not Jeffritz. We're our handles on Twitch, aren't we? Yes. So I'm no op cat. And I'm C sharp fritz. Yep. All right. So we want to talk about IoT. You know a thing or two about that. Just a little bit. Just a couple of things, yeah. And we made sure... I know the Nuke crew is going to appreciate this. We brought a mechanical keyboard. We did, although it's not really playing super nice with my computer, so I'm not sure if we're going to be able to use it today. We'll give it a shot. Do you want to just quickly say what switches you're using in this? So I'm using Cherry MX Blues, and these are DSA keycaps. So they're very clicky. They are. Can you hear that? Can you hear that? Can our audio guys hear that? If I just like lean in. Is that so good? But we're actually going to do live coding like we normally do. But this is a long time in coming here, right? I mean, I was talking to you about live streaming in November 2017. Yeah, it was last year. And we've both been streaming for a long time, and we've been meaning to do something together. And we finally are today. It's very exciting. So we've got the mechanical keyboard working. We're going to do IoT. We've got this really cool overhead camera that you're going to see in a little bit. It's way up there. And what do we want to talk about IoT today? Yeah, so we wanted to talk about how you start prototyping with IoT in the first place. I think what people get really scared about is, well, I don't understand how devices work, and I don't want to do wiring and things, and I don't understand how the cloud stuff sticks together. So I wanted to make an app like a normal web app and then show people how you can actually have fun with it and connect it to a real device. Okay, so and when I think IoT as the .NET guy, I think C sharp hat and all. Third hat I'm wearing today. Yeah, I noticed that. I'm like, it can happen. So I always think of a Raspberry Pi, but a Raspberry Pi is kind of like cheating with IoT, isn't it? It can be a really easy way to get started because it's running a full-blown operating system on it. So if you're familiar with Unix systems, you can run Linux on it, but you can also run Windows on it. So you're sort of writing the same code that you are from day to day, but you're just doing it on a smaller computer. So it's cheating. It doesn't feel as much like lower-level IoT, I guess.  But lower-level IoT, as we've seen on your stream, that's where the elite developers are. Well, I sort of don't like to differentiate between what is elite code and what is not elite code. That's the thing. And clearly JavaScript is elite code. Well, it's a very high-level language that you can use for hardware now, which blows my mind. I actually think it's really funny. So that's why a lot of my open-source hardware code is done in JavaScript because I think it's funny. Okay. All right. So if you've watched our streams before, you know we're going to be watching the chat room. We're going to be answering your questions, but you also know we're going to be writing code live. Yeah, we're going to be juggling a lot of things at once. So I sort of tried to optimize for that today. Again, we don't have much time to pull this up. We don't.  I can see it. You can't see this, but it's over there. Yeah, totally. The folks watching get these, but it's right there. And I've got the chat room in front of me. So let's go. What do we want to... What do we want to write? Yeah, so we're actually going to be using a device today called the MXChip, and we actually have one on the table. So if we can just cut to a shot of that, you'll actually see that it is a device that has a bunch of different things built in. So it has a lot of different sensors, such as a gyroscope, a magnetometer. I always struggle to pronounce that. It's got a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor. Lots of really cool stuff baked in. What's a magnetometer? It doesn't detect magnets. Well, it senses like magnetic fields. Yeah, so you could hold a magnet near it, and then that would actually trigger that sensor to have a different reading. Okay, okay. Yeah, so it's really cool. There are a few buttons built in. There's a bunch of LEDs as well. A and B here.  So this thing packs quite a punch when it comes to... Let's say you've got an idea and you want to glue a bunch of different sensors together. You can pretty much just start programming this board immediately without having to get stressed out over lots of wires and electrocuting yourself and things like that. It's pretty cool. What's this thing here in the middle? Yeah, that's a really good question. So we're going to use that today. And that's called an OLED screen, an OLED screen. It's got a display on it. It's got a display on it, which is really helpful. And I'm not going to lie. You know when you do console logs and things like that to debug, you can use the screen to print out variables sometimes. If you're struggling to get the serial connection going, or if you just don't want to use the serial connection, then you can also just print variable names to make sure that your code is running, which is really fun. That's the way we used to write webpages. Yeah, but the legit use for the screen is to be able to display things like sensor readings, or maybe you want to display some fun stuff like an animated GIF. Okay, that's absolutely fun. So all right, let's get started. Let's put some really good GIFs on those. Yeah, let's get started. So we have a bunch of different pieces that we need to glue together today. Okay. But what I want to do is something fun. So the project that I have in mind, which is fully open source as well, which we're going to share the link to, is basically a way to upload a GIF to a website, preview what it's going to look like on the MX chip, and then you can choose which device to send it to, and then pretty much send it. And we should be able to see a GIF playing on the device today by the end of the session. So we're not going to look at the device anymore, and we're going to stay focused on your PC for a little bit here. That's right, yeah. So we'll come back to the device in a little bit, because we're going to write some code to get that up and running. That's right. I'm not sure that I'm going to be able to use this keyboard today just because a lot of my shortcuts were kind of tuned for the Apple keyboard. Okay. I hope that's okay. But it was very cool. It was very, very cool to play with this. I kind of want to buy it for myself. So I'm going to put this to the side.  You've only got three, four. I've got, I think I counted them. I think I have seven at this point. And I really want to buy that one. So like this is problematic. My gimmick is the hats and yours is the keyboard. Yes, yes. So I'm going to cross into VS Code. So like those who watch my, yeah. Yeah, the VimWitch has exited the building. Yeah. So normally I use Vim so you can kind of see, I usually have this kind of setup right on my screen. So if we cross over to that now, you can see that I have Vim loading. However, I'm going to be good and I'm going to use VS Code today. And part of that is because we have really, really good built-in tools for the MX chip. Okay. But also when you're live coding, like on a live stream, you can use all the help you can get with the IntelliSense and things like that. Absolutely. So that's what I'm going to do today. So I actually have this project on GitHub. If you wanted to pull it down, my online handle for Twitch is noupcat and that's the same on GitHub as well. So you can go to github.com slash noupcat and I have a project there called mxchip-gifs. And I actually have all the instructions to get up and running and so I'm pretty much going to be following through them today. Okay. Hey, moderators, do us a favor and grab that link and paste it into the chat room for all of our viewers. Yeah, just so that they can have a look at the source code while I'm actually developing it. Absolutely. I also went ahead and I put this project on Glitch as well. And what's Glitch for some of the folks that are here? Yeah. So Glitch is a really cool platform where you can basically host your code and you can actually host the entire app as well. And so people can do what's called remixing your application, which is very similar to forking on GitHub, but on here you remix it and then you can host your own version. So if you didn't want to have to figure out where to host it, because Azure's a really good place for it, but if you're sort of confused about that, you can also put it on Glitch, which is really, really cool as well. So that should be all up and running for you to use there too. And if you don't have the mxchip yourself today, you can still play with the code and have a look at kind of how this thing would work by going to a really cool tool we have in our Azure Samples repo called the mxchip IoT DevKit Simulator. Oh, okay. So this is very cool. It's not necessarily a code editor. We just have a couple of samples that you can have a look at and then you can plug your own IoT Hub connection strings in, which is really fun. And then you can actually kind of simulate shaking the device and things like that. And then you can actually see the code running and what would happen on the device. So this gives you a little teaser of what kind of code you would be writing to do some sort of basic level stuff, mostly because the C++ code that I wrote for the device today is a little bit more advanced than this. So there's also that. So we have a link to that DevKit Simulator as well. So if people wanted to follow along at home with that, they can as well. So I have that repo that I just showed on GitHub pulled down on my local machine, which is where I developed this. And I made this just for this stream. So I'm very excited to debut it today. Just for Connect. Just for Connect. Okay. So the first thing that we have here is this is a Node.js back end. So I know that, yeah, I know it's not C sharp. I'm sorry about that. Okay. All right. We'll work on that for Thursday. Yeah. Thursday we're going to be doing little bits and pieces. So I do actually have the device code in here, which is written in C++. And the front end is written in JavaScript, HTML, CSS. But the back end server is written in Node.js, and that's because we're going to be using the IoT Hub Node.js SDK today. Right. So... Azure isn't just .NET. It's not just .NET. JavaScript, Python, all the good stuff. Java, lots of different things. It's really exciting. So Node.js is something that I'm super comfortable with, so that's why I wanted to show you that today. But also because web developers, again, like I mentioned before, they think that, well, I can write this Express app, or I can write this front end site, but I have no idea how to connect it to a device. So that's kind of what I wanted to show today, is like an example of a real-world app with an API and things like that, and how you actually connect it in the end to IoT Hub and to the device. Okay. So I have an Express server here, which has a couple of routes. There's not really much to look at yet, but I wanted to start this up in my terminal just so that you can see, and I'm going to use Node.mon, which means that every time I make a change, it reboots. So I'm going to just start my server and cross my fingers that this first step works fine. And I actually have this branch checked out, which is not master, called Nodecheat. And what that means is, I've removed all of the IoT Hub code from here, so this is the part that we're going to be coding live today. Okay. And then you have master that has it all in it, so that we can... Ta-da! It's working. Yes. So we can cheat and fast forward in time, but we're going to actually like... We're going to start Nodecheating. We're going to start Nodecheating. So if I start up my server, that's actually going to be on port 3000. So if I go to my browser and go to port 3000, it looks like our app's working, right? Sure, looks like it... Oops, looks like you... Yeah, but we have a warning. So it says, Oops, it looks like you need to set your IoT Hub connection string as a process variable. Okay. So that's something that we need to do immediately, but I wanted to give you a quick preview of what the app actually does.  I'm actually going to pick Nick Jonas because he's been in the news recently because he got married this week. He got married. It was very glitzy. Right in India, was that? Yes, to Priyanka. Yeah. Look at us. We are pop culture aware. So we're going to load this gift and this is his mind-blowing gift, right? Yeah. And so you can see here that we actually have like some pretty low memory resources to work with on this device. Okay. So this app will automatically truncate your GIF if it's too long. So I wanted to show that feature.  And I really liked that it picked sort of the main mind-blowing part of the GIF, which is pretty cool. Okay. And then once we've actually hooked it up to IoT Hub, we're going to have a device list here that we can choose to send a GIF to one of the devices, which spoiler alert is going to be this one over here. Okay. So what you've built is a way for us to literally take our pictures and publish it to a screen that could be anywhere. Could be anywhere. Yeah. I accidentally sent this GIF to the office this morning in Redmond.  So yeah. So they're going to see that. And it's all through relaying through the cloud using the IoT Hub. That's right. So that's kind of the glue that sticks these together. And that's what makes this so magical. Like I literally accidentally sent a GIF to Redmond today, and we're in Las Vegas right now. Yeah. And that to me is pretty magical that I didn't have to even be at my desk to do that. So. And I don't know if I'd use magical in Nick Jonas in the same way. Okay. And I just automatically went back to BIM because I wasn't even thinking. But I'm going to use, I'm going to use, and you'll notice that I actually have BIM mode enabled in. Yeah. Right. So all right. Let's, let's explain that real quick. VS Code has a tremendous extension model. It does. And there's an extension that'll turn it into being able to handle VIM shortcuts. Yeah. That's right. So that's what I have installed now.  So if you have a look along the bottom of my screen right now, I have, you'll see a bunch of stuff that says MX chip and like a serial port and things like that. And like device.ino. That's actually the IoT workbench extension that's designed specifically for the MX chip. So we're also going to be making this to that today. And I have the Arduino extension installed as well. So that's actually pretty neat. And that is why it makes sense to use this as an IDE today. Okay. Can I use that Arduino extension to work with our friends, the dual bots? Yes, you can. I've got to check that out. Yeah, you absolutely can. So it uses the same board manager and the same library manager as like the Arduino ID itself. Okay. So as long as you've picked, you've chosen the right device in the corner here, then you can do all your dual bots development right in the ID. Yeah. Okay. Yeah. Which is pretty cool. It is. All right. And friends out there in the chat room, make sure you send in some questions our way so that we can get to the nitty gritty of what's going on here. That's right. Yeah. Answer your questions. All right. What do we got? Yeah. So what we have to do is we have to be able to connect this device to this website. Right. Okay. And at this point, you just have that library that's stripping down the gift to a couple frames converting it to monochrome. That's literally all I have. So I have no code running on this device either. Okay. So the first thing I need to do is to upload some codes so that the device is listening for those messages to come from the website, right, via IoT Hub. So I'm actually going to plug this in and I'm going to start uploading that. And because of the way that I have everything arranged in this file, this file sort of directory here, I can't use the IoT Workbench, but I can use the Arduino extension underneath. So normally you would use the IoT Workbench thing, but I just don't want to have to open multiple workspaces today. So just bear that in mind. But the instructions in my read me actually show you how to use IoT Workbench. So should we take a look at the next trick just to show... Okay. It's lit up a couple of things here. I see Wi-Fi is green, Azure is blue, and then user has a little amber light next to it. Yep. Version numbers. Okay. Yeah. So this is all in test mode right now. So when you first turn on the device and you set it up to connect to the Wi-Fi, which again is documented, it will just show this kind of like demo script. And you can kind of play around with it and click the buttons and see sensor readings. But we want to actually put our own code that we wrote to be able to handle GIFs coming through the wire down to it. So that's what I'm going to upload now. And so the... So we'll go back to your machine. Yep. So let's go back to my machine. And I have written all of the code here to take care of that. But the one thing that I want to show people immediately is that I have a method name called showGIF. And so we're going to be using that method name in our code later on.  But we're going to be using that. But feel free to go through the rest of the code at your leisure, especially if you're watching on the stream. There's not a lot of lines of code. And it's really just taking a JSON payload, taking the GIF data out of that. And then just like on every single loop of the script, it just kind of figures out whether it needs to play the next free one up. That's pretty much all it does. Okay. And this is the code that's going to run on the chip. And it's written in C++. Yes, C++. And it's making use of a lot of different libraries, such as IoT Hub and the MXChip libraries, as well as just the general Arduino libraries too. So it feels very, very abstracted. It's even easy to use than regular C++, in my opinion, which is pretty cool. That's, now I don't feel that it has elite coding. Yeah, right. It's cheating. It's just cheating. I mean, I wrote this this week, and it only took a couple of days for me to write all of this, like the website, the C++. It's really not a lot. It's just like lots of tiny pieces, but they're all quite small. So I'm going to make sure that I've selected the correct serial port in order to connect to my device. And then I'm going to use just the command, regular command palette in VS Code. Okay. And this is a recently used command of mine, because I use it a lot. So you would normally go to IoT Workbench Device, and then there's a device upload command. But today I'm going to use Arduino Upload just because I wanted my folder structure in a very specific way. So it just doesn't sort of recognize it as an IoT Workbench project. And I'm going to hit Upload, and then we're going to cross our fingers and watch the output. And I'm familiar with your Arduino tool, so it just bootstrapping it? Yeah. So it's pretty much just starting up the Arduino app. But what's cool about the Arduino app is you can access it as like a command line tool in a certain sense. So what it's doing is it's invoking the app that's existing on my machine, but it's giving it a bunch of flags saying, like, upload this file, and I want you to upload it to this device on this serial port. Yeah, the text editor in that tool is... It's no VS code. Exactly. So that's what's really nice about this is you don't necessarily have to stick with that anymore. So this is super convenient, and then we also have a bunch of built-in nice things that the Arduino ID doesn't have like IntelliSense and things like that. Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. So you can see here that that's uploading right now, and... Programming started? All right. Yep, looks like it finished, and it says uploaded the sketch. So... So if we go over to the video to camera over this, it says connecting. I just saw the Wi-Fi light come up. That's a plus. Send me a GIF. Cool. So it looks like it's waiting for a GIF. The Azure light is lit up, too. So it looks like it's successfully connected to Azure. So for now, we're good. Okay. We'll see. We'll see. We'll see. So now it's waiting for a GIF, but we have no way to send it the GIF yet, right? Okay. So let's go back to our server, and we're actually going to require like a brand new package, and it's the IoT Hub SDK for nodes. So I'm going to go to require, and it should auto-complete. There we go. See, that's amazing. So good. And people think that's cheating. It's not cheating. It's not cheating. It's productivity, right? It's coding faster. Yeah.  It's been kind of nice to be working in this. I've actually been a bit more productive than ever, but I'm not going to lie. No comment. Okay. So let's move on. Let's move on. So I actually have a .EMV file, which you will see in my file list on the left, and that contains a very private connection string to my IoT Hub. And again, I have instructions in my readme on where to find that in IoT Hub and things like that. So first, I need to actually extract that connection string. Then if it actually finds it, we want to start connecting to IoT Hub, right? So I'm going to have a conditional that says if connection string. Then I'm going to need two different things from the IoT Hub SDK. I'm going to need a registry so that I can read the list of devices. And then I'm going to need a client so that I can then tell a device to do something. So there's a couple of things that we need. So I've already, on line six, created a couple of temporary variables code, sorry, some undefined variables code client and registry. So I'm going to make use of them. So the registry will just be IoT Hub.Registry. And this intelligence is amazing. And then I'm going to do from connection string. I'm sorry, I'm just not used to this in Vimital. Wait to see in telecode. Yeah, I actually saw the demos for that today. Scott made it look amazing. Very excited about it. So the SDK access to create that registry is simply just .fromConnectionString. The client is actually exactly the same except for IoT Hub.Registry. It would be IoT Hub.Client. Yeah, that was not a trick question. So we're going to do connection string again. Okay, whoops. People have watched me stream. They know how smart I am about this. All right, so I use my good old Vim command colon W to save. I have no idea if that saved or not. It looked like it did. All right, so if we have a connection string, we're going to start up our registry and our client. But then we have these two routes that I've set up. So one of them is API devices list. So that sounds like it's going to list the devices that are registered under IoT Hub. And then we have slash API slash GIF and that's a post request. So that's what we're going to be sending the GIF from the front end. And you're going to want to receive and transmit it to IoT Hub, I guess. Yep, that's correct. So at the moment I put in these kind of placeholders to say, you know, if there's no registry or no client, then just send back something so that it doesn't blow up. But underneath, we can do something like, let's see if we can get at least the devices listed first, right? Because we have like 18 minutes. So like we've got to get over to one. You noticed the clock too. All right, so I'm going to do, all right. So if there's no registry, then just return out with an empty list of devices. But if there is a registry, we can do registry.list, that's the actual command. And then what that takes is it takes a callback. So it'll be function and it'll either be an error trying to list them, or we'll actually get a list. Makes sense? Sure. So then we're going to go to inside of this callback and we're going to say, okay, so list. Oh, actually, if error. So let's be good and check for an error first. Wait, error handling? Come on. Yeah, we are. Res. Res.sense says, well, I'm not that responsible because have a look at what I'm going to do. I'm just going to send a 500. But if there isn't, then we're going to do a registry. Oh, no, no, no, list. So we already have the list. So we're going to do list.map. And then we're going to get some devices, right? Sure.  So we want to create an array with just the names of the devices, right? Sure, sure. So we're going to return the device.device ID. That's what it should be, I think. Yeah, I think that's right. The device ID will be the name that you've assigned to this device. Yep, that's right. So I'm going to just do a name list. Name list equals list.map. And then it's just going to have an array with like a bunch of strings in it. And then we're going to do res.send. And then we're just going to send, I called it name list, didn't I? We're just going to send that array. And then I've set up express to just be able to like send JSON back and forth. So I'm pretty sure we should be good from there. Okay. So we can go back to our terminal and make sure that our code didn't blow up. It looks like it just restarted okay. And I'm just going to give it one quick look to make sure I've done this right. It looks like I have. So let's see what happens. So let's refresh our page. Let's just choose a gift just so we can get that list up again. And it says no devices found. So let's have a look to see if there was an error. There wasn't. That was weird. So let's see if there was an error. Oh, no, no, no, no. It is there. Oh, cool. Okay. It just took a second. Cool. So you'll see that I have a device called BIMWIT.  So you can see I have some in my office. I have some at home. So that's pretty cool. So that's actually working. I thought it wasn't for a sec, but I just didn't trust my own abilities. So confidence is important. Oh, yeah. So Skull Crusher for Life, great nickname. In the chatroom is asking, any recommendations for making the MX chip more portable with a power source? That's a really good question. So because this takes a micro USB, this has a micro USB port, which is how you power it. What a lot of people do if a device has something like that is they use like a USB cable, and then one of those mobile phone, like battery, portable battery things to have as a backup to charge your mobile phone with, that works really, really well, because that's going to give you the five volts to be able to kind of power this. So that's usually what I recommend for people because you can just throw it in your pocket. You can use a lithium battery, but you have to have a pretty powerful one. So like those mobile phone ones already have the right kind of power for that. But you're going to have an IoT device in your pocket walking around doing this Skull Crusher? Yeah, you should tell us what you actually want to do with it. That would be really fun. I'm going to do another GIF file, too, just to show you, like, if you have the right amount of frames, it doesn't actually show you that message. Oh, look at the egg. Yeah, the little egg's really cute. I spent a lot of time on Giffy this week trying to find the cute ones. Wait, I thought I found a decent one earlier in the week. Did you grab, we found Joey from Friends. Oh, yeah, yeah. So that one is showing still at my desk, because when we were on it, I think we had like a team's call, and then I was like, send me a GIF, and then you sent me Joey saying how you doing. It was great. Oh, man. Okay, so the other one is this. So as soon as you click send GIF, that actually does do a post request, right? So I'm going to go into my network tab, and you'll actually see that happen, and it's going to error out because we haven't hooked it up to anything, right? So I'm going to click send, and you can see here it's pending, but it's not actually going to do anything, right, because we haven't hooked it up to do anything. So we have to actually fix that. And so I am going to just close this back down again, and then we'll refresh it just to reset it back. And here's what we're going to do. We're going to, first of all, we have to, what we're going to do is we're going to invoke a method on this device. That's what it's called, method invocation. Okay. So this device right now is listening for a method name. Now, do you remember what that method name was? So it's like a trick question. Yeah. Following all this other code. Sorry, yeah. There's been a lot of details today. So I'm going to put you out of your misery. The method name is showgif. That's it. Yeah. Okay. So I'm going to do method name. That's one of my params that I have to send IoT Hub. Okay. And it's called showgif. So this feels, right, as a .NET developer, this feels like some very similar to SignalR, where I'm specifying, I'm sending a package to my clients that says, here's the method name to call, and here's the array of arguments to pass into that. It is actually very similar to that. So whoop. So if I actually learn how to use Vim properly, oh, I need a comma too. Okay. Not so much the VimWish today. So the next thing we need is a payload, right? Yeah. And so what you don't see is that when I choose the GIF file and I choose to send it, the payload is actually this compressed GIF. So again, if I go to send GIF, and we have a look at that payload really quickly, you'll see here that there's a data. There is a device ID. Okay. And then there's a data. There's an array of bits. Yeah. So we have frames and then just like the size of the GIF as it will be on the screen, right? So we need to get that to the MX chip so that it knows what size to do it and like what the frames are and everything. So we're simply just going to send, I think, request.body.data, I think. I think that's what we do in Express. So we want this data here and we want the body that's coming back from the request. So we're going to take that frames object and the other stuff that was in that data collection and pass that call to data, not data. I'm sorry. No, it's so good. I always flip up between the two because I'm not from this country. So there's that. The next thing we need is the device ID, right? So that is actually on rec.body.deviceid, I think, unless I got that wrong. So let's double check that real quick. Yep. So request.body.deviceid. So that's how we understand from the front-ends, you know, which device we need to send this to in the first place. And then it just comes down to using the client. Autocorrect got a little. Gets aggressive. Gets a little aggressive, yeah. So client.invoke. I wonder why it's not autocompleting. Invoke.device.method, I think.  Oh, it is. Okay. So I got that right. All right. So the first argument it's telling me is the device ID. So I already have that signed it to a variable before. Method params is next. So I have my method params, right? And the next thing is a callback, right? And so it's going to tell me like, you know, was there an error or not? So I believe that it should just be error and result. And then we can do fancy things in here, like, you know, send a 500 back to or 200 back, depending on like what happened. So I'm going to do that real quick. If we're going to be responsible. Yeah. If error. So I'm going to do return res.send status 500. And if we were really like nice, we would actually send back the error that came back with it, but we're going to shortcut that. Otherwise. Because we're not cheating. Yeah. Because we're not cheating. I got that figured out. All right. And I'm just going to send a simple 200 if that was okay, right? Sure. 200 okay. Yeah. So I'm doing this from memory and also on the spot. So I'm not sure if this is correct, but it seems like IntelliSense was telling me it was okay. We never do it. Never. All right. So why don't we just like, it looks like the server restarted. So I guess we just need to test it out. And now I'm scared because like, what if we end up waiting forever and it never happens? But let's see. So why don't we slide? Remember, let's snap that to the left because they're going to do some fun things here. Oh yeah. That's right. That's right. Yes, yes, yes. With our friends, the video director, are going to put the chip on the screen now as well. They are. Yeah. Which is pretty cool. All right. It's there now. Cool. So I'm going to, again, I'm going to choose my Nick Jonas because I really want to get this going on the chip because I think it actually came out really cool. So this actually is called Vemwitch. So I, yeah. So I've already set the connection string on this device in the EEPROM. So it's storing that connection string in the EEPROM along with the Wi-Fi credentials so that it can connect. I have no idea if it's hopped off the network or not. Sometimes it's hard to tell. Well, the Wi-Fi light is green. But it looks like it's still okay. But in my own IoT Hub, I just wanted to really quickly show that here are all my devices and here it is Vemwitch here. So this was the SAS token that I used in order to connect. I use this connection string here. Okay.  But that's just a quick overview of where I got that from in order to connect. So let's try sending the GIF and let's see what happens. Come on, Nick. Get over there. You can do it. I think the Wi-Fi might be a bit fretsy. So we'll see if it's going to come through. It might be a little what? Oh, unintentional time. I can't believe you just did that. Yeah. So it's still sending. It does take a while because that's a pretty big payload. So it looks like our GIF works. It's yellow and blue. It is yellow and blue. So the first eight pixels sort of like row across the top of the MX chip is yellow. And that just means that you can have kind of like different colored text if you want. Which is pretty cool. But it looks like our GIF is looting awesome. There's Nick. Do you want to try another one? Yeah, let's ask him. All right. I got, I like the egg actually. Oh wait. No, laser cat. So I got one with like a cat with lasers which is always cool. So let's try sending that. This went a little too well. I know, right? I'm not going to lie. I was not expecting that. All right. Let's see if we can get a VimWitch to show up the laser cat. It does take a while because it is quite large. There we go. There it is. Now that one's a little bit harder.  What if we, I really like the can't sleep because it's pretty clear. So let's try and send that one. And this one is only a couple of frames. So it's going to send a tiny bit quicker. Yeah, but honestly, like this is a normal website which is just HTML, CSS. There you go. Yeah, it calls it back. And the yellow split there looks really good. Yeah, it looks really awesome. Yeah. Okay, so to recap, it's just a website that's sending a command to IoT Hub that relays it to the device that's already registered with IoT Hub. That's right. Yeah, I did cheat ahead of time and do that. I wasn't sure if we're going to get done in time. So, and you're just sending it through Azure and because this is connected to Azure and we see the blue light indicating that it is connected, it's able to receive that command and execute the payload. Yeah. And even though this device is connected via USB and powered using my laptop, like if we were to just plug this into another laptop, this is literally just a power source. Okay. So it really is going up to the cloud and back down again. Like there's no USB activity happening other than when we uploaded the script to the device in the first place earlier. Okay, okay. So we could plug this into a phone, you know, mobile juice pack. Yeah, exactly. Yeah, you totally could. Run it right there. Yeah. And so that's kind of how the ones at my desk are. I have like a powered USB Hub that's not connected to a computer. It's just got like a DC power support. And they're all plugged in. And then I have these 3D printed brackets and stuff. I should have gotten a photo because it's really funny. But yeah, it's really fun because now people like, I have like this little private URL you can go to when you visit my desk and people can upload gifts to me. Effectively make a little bit of wallpaper behind you. Yeah. Yeah, it's kind of fun. So like, so I'm not sure what kind of gifts I'm going to come back to when I come back to my desk, but I think people are going to have fun with it. So that's pretty much it. We have a few minutes left. So do we have questions or did you want to look at any of this code in more detail? So how can you show us how you register the device with the IoT Hub? Because I... Yeah, that's a really good idea. Where we can order an MX chip on the one page and certainly through the GitHub repository is that information. So how do I register when I get my chip home and I take it out of the box and I want to make it an Azure chip? Ah, that makes a lot of sense. So you can actually use the... I'm actually going to just open this workspace now. I think that's... Wait, I'm going to reopen this project but as the actual workspace just so that you can see how cool this tool is. I'm going to go here, open. It should ask me if I want to open it as a workspace. It did not. Let me try that one more time. Again, I use BIM for most of my stuff so I'm not as used to doing this but... Okay, so here's where I was asking... Well, sorry, you didn't see that but it was asking me to... If I wanted to open it as the Azure IoT Workbench project which is where you really get the power of this. So if you go to IoT Workbench device for example after plugging it in and it actually... Plug it into your PC. Now, and you're using a Mac so it works PC or Mac. Works perfectly. And as soon as you plug the MX chip in you do actually get this really cool like tab that opens and it actually walks you through doing all of these really cool sample projects. So even though I'm showing you how to do this now these tutorials are actually going to show you how to do it. So again, if I go to my IoT Workbench device see how I have config device settings, device compile, device upload, install SDK and generate CRC and that's for like over-the-air updates but I also have other IoT Workbench stuff. So let me see if I can bring up the top level IoT Workbench. So I've created a project. I have cloud, set workbench path and examples. So if I go to cloud I can actually provision all my services here. Okay, okay. And then you can also create the device identity and do all of that through the workbench. And that's under that. Yep, and that's under the workbench. If you wanted to do it manually I mean I can show you that on the portal as well which is something that I tend to do just because like I don't really need to use that. Elite developer. It's not elite development. I just want, I know that some people have used like IoT Hub before and they just want to know how that relates to like what workbench is doing for them I guess. And there's some discussion right now in the chat room that I'm seeing where there's a client on the chip. The chip's connected to Azure. You're sending your commands to that Azure IoT Hub and then Azure redirects them to the chip because the chip's registered. Perfect, that's exactly what's what's happening. So the device has the IoT Hub SDK for C. It has the C IoT SDK which is packaged up and connecting to Azure when it as soon as it gets on the Wi-Fi. That's where it's waiting for those like method invocations. And my C++ just has a callback that basically says like whenever I get a method invocation I'm going to check what that method name is. And so this is where I have device method callback. And then if it's showgif then I want to pull down the payload and then I want to call loadgif which is my special function up here that loads that into memory. Very cool. Okay. So it's literally doing that. It's just kind of like starting up a client connection or sorry device connection and saying, all right anything you send me I'm just going to like perform whatever I need to do on it. Just listen and then listen for a command coming from the other side. Yeah and our Express app is essentially a service client rather than a device client. It's a service that can basically send commands to any device that connected to the same IoT hub that the service is running with. So that's how it works in a nutshell. I'm really glad that that came up. Oh yeah. No it's it how do we connect all the lines and make sure that all of the pieces work. Yeah there's a lot of moving parts. So you actually have a private website running somewhere out in the cloud. I do I'm not going to share the URL today. No no. But you can actually go and glitch and host your own which is really cool. So I do actually have that hosted on Glitch as you can see here and you can view the source. So that's chip-gif.glitch.me. If you click view source that's where you can remix your own from there. You really just have to add your connection string and then it's actually up and running. So it's actually easier than what we did today. Okay. Skull crusher for life. Good to see a skull crusher. Yes it is. Can you use IoT Hub to track statistics for when your devices are connected for when a device comes back within range of the network and can access. So that's an excellent question. So you can do that and we have this thing called operations monitoring and you you are able to monitor all of the different things that happen such as log events with the device registry, log events with device to cloud, cloud to device, log events when a device connects or disconnects from the IoT Hub. So I think that's what you wanted Skull Crusher. So you can actually log those things. And then also if you go to activity I don't think it's activity log. I think it might actually be yes. So we if you go to the overview of your IoT Hub you can actually kind of see a bunch of telemetry and you can choose what kind of telemetry you want to look at as well which is actually pretty cool. So we have a lot of neat stuff built in that you can listen to. And there are also events in which right now allows you to listen for things like did a device get registered with the IoT Hub? That's something that you can act on as well. Cool. And are these devices secured with SSH? They're all like secure methods of transportation. So it's either AMQP, MQTT or HTTPS. All of them are on the secure ports. Fantastic. Yeah. All right. And we are just about out of time. Thanks so much for joining us. This was so cool. What is that? We have a cool GIF but I don't know where it came from. So it's really cool. Okay. Thanks so much for joining us. Thank you, Suze, for coming out and joining us here for Connect. Thanks for having me. This was super fun. This is my last session. Oh. But this isn't where today ends for me because I'm actually taking off from here to our virtual attendee party. Wow. Over at the Golden Knights Arena. Okay. Now I'm jealous. So if you stay tuned here. Okay. After we get done at the end of the day, we're going to have a virtual attendee party live from T-Mobile Arena, home of the Las Vegas Golden Knights. Wow. We're going to have questions. We're going to have trivia. We're going to have prizes all from our sponsors.


We got Trey Turner four of five again on the patch auto Frank L have a break Three color Phillies patch auto us of Trey right there


ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ ƒ  ස ස ස ස පි මි ස මි වළ පෝගසදු, හැ කික් බෛක් කික්, වහඅස්, වන කික් චොවතිකකක්, ව ලර් කහ්, ව ලබ් පික්තු කික්තු, වහකකක්තුමි, වහ ලක්තික කික්තු, � the state of the nation has continued to propel mass emigration of young Nigerians for greener pastures abroad with fear that the situation could further have dire consequences for the socio-economic well-being of the country. the max exit from Nigeria tagged jackpot or jackpot caused by high level of insecurity unemployment infrastructure deficit hunger and failure of the various level of government to provide opportunities for the youth to live their desired life and achieve their dreams is becoming a social epidemic. though a risky adventure as evidence has shown many young and elderly Nigerians are bent on leaving the country in which they have lost hope of opportunities to realize that they are to realize their life ambition a large population of or a large proportion of the population blame the government or Buhari for the state of things in the country so today we're asking is it to be blamed for this massive migration out of Nigeria now please let's hear what you have to say remember you can join the conversation send us an SMS or what's up to<PHONE_NUMBER>3 can also tweet at us at waste your Africa one with the hashtag waste show all right so ladies let me quickly read something that I saw right they say that migration or what do you call it that people may choose to migrate for a variety of reasons such as unemployment or employment opportunities and to escape a violent conflict environmental factors educational purposes or just to reunite with families that are probably have left the country if I look at the country today right and globally right there are issues what we face in Nigeria is not really unique to us as a nation yes you're talking about inflation the UK everybody suffering it you understand it's not unique to us so why are we not having other people say oh they want to come to your country they want to come to Nigeria the only people rather than come to this country are foreigners that have understood where the money is and how to get the money because while you're leaving your country some people are coming into your country to take on your resources so this particular syndrome the japa syndrome it is this really a direct link to our president do we blame him for the movement or this is just something that people just need to just own up that no I think I just want a different life I want a better life you know and I don't want to be in Nigeria because if it is for opportunities to probably earn an income or whatever it is those opportunities are more here a friend of mine left Atlanta to Nigeria like they left Ireland to Nigeria what is left the UK to Nigeria I know a lot of people that have left this same first world countries back home to Nigeria because they say that come this money is here so is it fair on our part that every time things like this are happening we are quick to blame the government let me come to you when you say is it fair it's not like it's an emotional it's not emotional let's be realistic okay so bring so if you don't want to talk emotions bring facts to me please Nigeria is like a system it's like an organization and every organization there is the head and that is the reason why people cannot come and say this department when something goes wrong the first finger point at the head because people naturally expect that the head has that control that authority to put things in place to make certain decisions that we precipitate positive impact within that organization so that's why people are very quick to see Buhari and people live in Nigeria right the reason why they call Buhari is because he's the head of Nigeria right he's a figurehead so it has the ability to take certain critical decisions there are times when people are complaining of inflation and a person will come on national TV and act like nothing is going on so naturally people will say what is going on why is he behaving why is he talking like this we've had this countless times when people complain and you can see it's practical this are not just messages you can see prices of things are going up there's inflation and there's so many let's be factual here right if you're talking about prices of things going up prices of things are going up everywhere in the world that's the point I'm trying to make so for every time I see these kinds of videos can we just please put aside political conversations and stick to the facts if you're talking about inflation everybody in the world is suffering it if you're talking about the hardship everybody in the world is suffering it if you're talking about employment it's not all these first world countries that have employment I mean they have a perfect employment they also have employment deficits right so there are issues everywhere so if you want to leave the country say that I want to leave the country because you know what I feel I might get a better chance at some things that I want to do for myself not put the blame on somebody else because this person that is why I'm leaving you know the difference between this and that is the fact that when those things are happening there practical steps are being taken to resolve those issues and that is not the same case in Nigeria alright things are getting worse and see policies are being put in place which are worsening the situation and things are so that is the difference between so these other countries when things are bad you see them first of all there's a communication aspect the top the people at the top they feel the emotions of the populace the local populace but that is not the same here it's like we are in a different world like there's just this high class and this very low class and there's just this connection in communication so that's the difference and people want to feel like their emotions are being felt by the president by the top officials which is not what we are getting so naturally if you keep crying and you're crying to your parents and they're not listening one day you want to leave home that's just how it is may I speak now please go ahead first of all let me give you a drop knuckle glory Michelle Williams you found it shiny to be I personally think with the experience of having lived in a second country that as you see me sitting down here I have an option to japa and until I secured it I didn't feel comfortable about coming to sit in Nigeria I want you to hear me well because I don't speak about it because anything can happen but it's the reality of life I'm a mother first and my life is important for my children so what did I do I secured an option B so that if I come to Nigeria to test the waters and things don't work the way I want I can japa without waiting for a visa so I too am a japa a waiting kind of person when 2023 comes if things don't flow I will japa no I haven't finished why do I japa in a country that I'm coming from like you said the government the people in charge are sensitive to the issues that the citizens are going through we've never gotten the social welfare system working we don't have a database completely right so we don't even have the right amenities to cater for people when emergency comes if I live in Ireland and I don't have a job or my job doesn't cover my bills I can go to the department of welfare and tell them I earn this but my expenses are this they will augment my salary those are the options people are going to fight for they will augment my salary and not leave me hanging they believe that everybody should be able to afford conflicts everybody should be able to afford milk when you are able to buy candles when you buy Tesco value that's the difference between this country and the other country not everybody is there conflicts should not be luxury some drinks should not be luxury they have grades of different things that everybody can taste it is not only the rich man's child that is eating hot dog do you understand it's not seen as a luxury or something for the rich man the one I wouldn't be able to afford is top of the brand but we eat hot dog when a country or government starts thinking of things that way that everybody can find their level they say London is the level but it doesn't mean that everything the rich man is enjoying the poor man will enjoy and the quality will be different that's why people jump I am peaceful I am peaceful right now because even we are trying to humble me because I stand my ground so now the question is I like how you have laid the foundation based on what you said and that's the truth it's a welfare system in this country I know people that even when the Covid pandemic hit people that were out of job for that period they were giving some stipends I mean my sister didn't work for a period of Covid she was shocked when she got a call that you know what because you have not worked because of the pandemic and all of that they credited her some euros in her account she was wondering if we would ban this they would not ban this so we are getting somewhere and I like where Gloria landed when she talked about the systemic issue so now I will still fall it back to the question is this the fault of a Buhari is this the fault of a Buhari and the answer for me is no not so is this the fault of a Buhari the answer for me is no Buhari is not the problem and that is why I would always say as Buhari is not the problem so is a Pitta will be not the solution Jigemore point as this is to this that is how that is to that as we say because you see the reason I am emphasizing this is because when 2023 happens and someone like a Pitta will be comes into power you know when someone like Pitta will be comes into power you know what then will happen there will be something like this happening and guess what Nigerians will do again ah Pitta will be the problem no Pitta will be the problem Pitta will be the problem whoever sits on that seat will be the problem will be the problem because for as long as this continues right the system is what's called not properly structured we will always have massive migrations like this so that's what I'm saying to you that let us isolate the human being from this problem Buhari is not to be blamed he has yes he's not to be blamed we cannot but go ahead let me let you speak when Bababa Sanjo came in having experienced military rule coming in as a civilian I realized that he went around different countries trying to get our loans patent to first take us out of debt get our reserves high that is a leader Buhari hasn't done that for us he's cost us more money to come in debt that he knows we may never come out of you are a mathematician you don't understand what I'm saying the reason why we are blaming him I think you made a mistake by saying he's a figurehead not meaning to say that but I see he's a figurehead because he's not consulting with the right people whenever he takes a break medical break Anoshibajo comes in you see an improvements in prices of oil and everything we will blame him but Nigerians have this thing that they always do benefit of hindsight when somebody goes we say if we had known that one was better than where we are today where Israelites in the wilderness always complaining about let us go back to Egypt because this thing is not okay it is our way Buhari is your turn to take it on your head now but when Bababa Sanjo was there he preferred solutions that made us have an improved life you complain about him and say Bababa goes slow Nigerians cannot be satisfied okay so let me come to you Gloria you are an accountant right and you know when a company takes out a loan not every loan is a liability to that company some loans are actually assets to the company because guess what you are using those loans to acquire more assets that would give you capacity to build so I was at an event today they give funds to SMEs they give funds to businesses and one woman that amazing business she does recycling and all of that in fact we had amazing businesses today in that forum they pitched nice businesses and all of that majority of them kept on talking about funds you all know that when somebody introduces fresh funds into your business that fund is supposed to be used to scale up your business so you then have more capacity to do a lot more generate more income employ more people and all of that so you see I hear the part of Abbasanjo taking us out of debt opening our reserves and all of that and yes this government I don't know how far they've done with our reserves I know it's really poor the numbers are poor I'll let you respond because you are the accountant I'm sorry I can't be part of that not all the time our loans meant to be bad things because they are loans they can actually create loans I mean take loans for infrastructures but let me hear your thoughts quickly then we'll go on and break you are right so liability financing is very critical for the growth of an organization there are levels which you get to and you need that injected in your company to balance of the equity but the problem is you are rightly mentioned about returns on investment or returns so when you are taking this liability fund in something which has no capacity to bring this adequate return so that you are able to net off the interest that is being yielded by the loan you've taken and also even draw your own business then that's where there is a problem so that's where I raise the question the monies that have been taken as loans to finance different projects where are they, where is the track record I hear things about embezzlement people still in funds we are yet to see it's almost how many years now eight years I mean it's enough it's a long time for us to see those things the loans that have been collected start materializing and even as I said now for something that has been up to eight years by now we should see some considerable level of return on this investment these things that we can start paying off some of this debt but why are we taking why are we still taking and taking and taking when do we repay there's a time when you take this liability and it's not it becomes so it's a balance alright when you keep taking this liability there's a time you sink in it because you're unable to repay and that's the point where we are now in Nigeria we've taken too much and pain is now an issue okay you know what let's go on a break I want to hear your thoughts I beg you now with God I don't want any insult we just want to ask a question then if you say Bwari is to be blamed I want you to back your answer with proof tell us why we're going to break when we come back we'll open our phone lines stay with us alright thanks for staying with us if you just tuned in it's our ladies night out we wait to find trouble is why the course of massive migration out of Nigeria is here to be blamed that's the question we are asking tonight please let's hear what you have to say remember you can join the conversation send us an SMS or whatsapp to<PHONE_NUMBER>3 you can also tweet at us with your africa one with the hashtag show now our phone line is now open the number to call please people should call early don't wait till the end of the show first time call it call us dial it now please turn off the volume of your television so we don't get any feedback so I mean lady you will speak don't worry today is for you people I'm with you all the way but I just want us to so I hear you Glory so the issue and that's where you see you are falling into my trap deeper and deeper yes so there is a systemic issue of lack of transparency there is a systemic issue of corruption where people take funds and they do not tell us where these monies have gone but you know what let me take our very first call and I'll come back to you later Loma from Abia thank you for joining us good evening I'm begging you all citizens all citizens in women's lives but it is a shock that brings the bad men a lot of factors have contributed people migrating out of this country but if we I think a retrospect in 1984 our president entered December in 1984 that was when he established his government our president made life his administration made life so difficult the same migration people were living because of his leadership side and the thing has replicated itself in this president's administration so it is his leadership side and the people that surrounded themselves I would not blame him a lot but the people that surrounded I'm not giving him good advice so my great leaders of this country a lot of factors the environment is no longer conducive so look at it it is one of his people look at it he has not handled his strike carefully and that is why the thing has been lingering so you will not blame but the people that he is using for some reason now have to go through it because my solution is that because to surround yourself with people who cannot change in 2015 that make also especially to say you are the one that make people to migrate thank you very much so in long and short Buari is to be blamed so I was saying that because I'll come to you I was saying that the system it is history repeating itself well 1984 they never born me that time so I don't know I was born a year after we suffer I was not born at all but I remember that in 2015 my parents get to us saying that these people want to go out of both all our parents won dollars of us but we have to change this country we have to do all of that but I was saying to you that the problem is not so much of an individual it is a systemic problem it is that there is lack of transparency it is that there is corruption happening and all of that so why do we still need to now point a finger at one person you have to quickly respond to that the light will come in before we respond I just want to remember the words of the prophet fella when he sang once and he said how about the other presidents hold on let me take a call this is where we are this is where we are Steven from Lokoja thank you for calling yeah good evening hi good evening go ahead your life yeah Steven from Lokoja go ahead Mary is the good name if you listen already about the submission of the wife since she got married to him what he has been treating him on this is a man who went to war and he had challenged even as a military head of state he wasn't really well he never would well he only had this question to become president so and that's why he used all means whatever is to cause Nigerians to come to power so ordinary when you look at me as a person he doesn't have that memory to lead Nigeria so it is quite unfortunate those around him are creating more problems for Nigeria so if you look at the problem raised on him if you have a good leader Nigeria will not find herself thank you so much Steven thank you what does quickly say something in QMS for those quality management system right the top management are responsible for certain standards let me put it this way it's part of the top management he has capacity to set some standards so that's the reason why I'm blaming him I know there's a system issue but he also has capacity to set some standards and make some things work is he doing it I'm not too sure about it so that is where the song is called the reason why I refer to it for me that's where I learnt a lot I'm not just saying it for the sake of the things Fela spoke about in the 70s even before I was born with the same players still in government today are still happening in overtake don't overtake overtake he had said that President Shagari came and they were blaming him that the money in the treasury is gone and that Shagari had said he met an empty treasury and then he said is it only Shagari we will blame how about the ones before him which is I think the point you're trying to make Buhari alone cannot be blamed for the jackpot it started somewhere and it started from our time of independence believe it or not we've been messing this country up systematically, small by small at times we give a few bones to the dogs like we're doing something by the end of the day what we're actually keeping from the table is much more than the few bones that you're throwing at us the peasants okay let me take Solomon from Anambra said I'll come back to you Solomon, you're live yeah Solomon go ahead yeah okay my contribution how what your people have are the same I may say that it is a major problem that let the vote to be great in their country to another country because we just like a people that are supposed to and have the right positions to put everything in order yeah Solomon, I can't seem to make sense of what you're saying but let me take a comment great and competent ladies let me tell that people started living in Nigeria when Buhari was military head of state in 1984 let's not be sentimental and emotional about this topic nothing is working in our motherland hardship, hunger, starvation impunity to name a few do you know that statistics and Congo has the largest population of four people in the world PMB should be blamed he blamed GEJ2 before so he took over without the knowledge of governance and so he is to be blamed so he says remember this Bobby Kennedy from JALINGO I think we have a caller Osita, thank you for calling yeah thank you good evening good evening your live on this topic Buhari being blamed for massive migration Buhari to be blamed for massive migration I want to reply in this way that if a home is good if your country is good I can't see Buhari I can't see anybody travelling or living in the country if your country is good I can't see anybody travelling I'm happy one of you one of the presenters there said Buhari sorry let me talk if the country was good people wouldn't live as America has experienced all sorts older than us bad presidents, shady presidents Americans wouldn't live their country for anywhere else in the world most of them don't even have passports they have no desire to see anywhere else which is what we are talking about let's take more comments this from Ade good evening ladies Buhari is not the course of Nigeria Migrating Nigeria started migrating before Andrew don't check out don't check out Buhari's blame is that you don't get to office or a leadership role you can't perform he is born and bred as a military man to engage in external war all our military men are not supposed to be in governance but stay in barracks however why you laugh I don't think I should read out of that's the company use wisdom let me take Michael from Lagos go ahead your life good evening yes your life go ahead go ahead please I have to say that Buhari cannot be blamed for that I rather blame Nigeria you cannot have the part of governance where you want a good people Nigeria majority of Nigeria is Buhari and Nigeria you learn how to put the right set of humanity into power not to put it based on the right kind of religion because through all that I think I'm beginning to learn how to do it now that's all I have to say thank you Michael you said we should blame ourselves God bless some people that are coming to my side because I thought I was outnumbered today Buhari obviously is to be blamed for people living this country because we do not have two precedents but one and it is Buhari he ran the country to the ground with the kind of people he surrounded himself with Buhari is supposed to fight insecurity for us he's supposed to fight it in total but insecurity is all over the place if I have opportunity to run away before 2023 I will do so now because 2023 many Nigerians will not be alive things will things will get real bad and even worse Nigeria environment is not conducive for anyone to live in I am Sanctious also one of the reasons why massive jackpot is the system of education is poor I saw a tweet when a student in the UK said that there are about 68 students in the class of which about 51 are Yoruba sorry let me take from Lagos Andrew from Lagos Andrew you are live go ahead let me explain something employment Nigerians are employing politicians and these politicians that you are employing are not qualified look for somebody that has the knowledge we are employing tribalism which does not work what we need is people who can make this country good we must have a plan that we must begin to work on Japan or no Japan is not our problem but the problem is repaid the country is such a way that everybody will be comfortable and Buhari is not our problem thank you when we were about to vote for him we were told that he was not qualified but we refuse we voted for him based on sentiments what do we want now people are talking of OB not because he is an equal man but because of what he can do because when you can do a job you will have people who can work with you but if you vote picking people from the gutter to work with picking a carpenter to be a mechanic thank you my brother let me finish my point because you see some people are understanding where I am going with this conversation they are going ahead of me and this is the point I am trying to make tell yourself that you so you see we have this problem in this country where we try to push blames on other person now because of this person I make me they do am no we need to get to that point where we own our mistakes do you understand we have been very poor in selecting the kinds of people that lead us so they say that Nigerians deserve what they get is that a true statement the answer is yes because Nigerians are not ready to do what it takes to get great leaders on that seat so my point is be it anybody that is seated on that seat we are very quick tomorrow to say ah is this person in that constate no let us begin to hold these people by the jugular and say you have to be accountable to us right and force themselves to create systems of transparency that reduces a bit of corruption and all of that and put sanctions to some of these things then we are ready for life but we can't keep waking up and saying it's because this person that did this to me that's why I am going we will continue to sing that song come 2500 let me take a color please no vest then I will come to you then we finalize this show how much you have called you are calling your life go ahead ok on what I will have to say on this go ahead I wouldn't entirely blame it on him but out of 100% I will say it's 40% blame as a leader you have certain rules to play you are a leader for a reason the more you keep blaming for a role you chose to take you are no longer a leader you are more like a sheep bohari decides the governors and people who were elected alongside with him voted he appointed some people definitely to do certain things to work with his government now do you select people who are going to do certain things for you that will work for you or you select people who will work for things that will make the country move forward those are two questions then are we asked those people who are working I hear people say you are not aware because you are not aware of what is going on in the country you are a president of a particular country and you are not aware of what is going on ok if you are not aware why can't you sit back in your country and be aware you can't sit back whatever it is that is going on wherever it is you need correction but I know that yes there are presidents of people who have been traveling out rulers who have been traveling out that is common but a point where you can remember of times the president has been in the country and the times he has been out of his particular government and the times he has been out of his mother and the times he has been in his country is an error because when you are in your country you will know certain things to do you might not complete it 100% you will be able to know where to do things and as people in the country we make a lot of error because you want people to be perfect quite alright you can actually do things to make our own lives better but when the government does not make economy better for those who are actually trying to strive they will have to jack back thank you so much for the change let me put it in that way we have to thank for themselves in other ways but when this government people, presidents, governors and countries thank you thank you if you make health okay for people you don't make that available okay so you cannot stay thank you thank you so much please let's keep our calls very short go ahead this is from Austin he said I totally concur with the submission by the two ladies by the two ladies there that things are handled differently overseas than here if not that I'm already a grandfather why can't I consider the option yes there is global economy crisis but how do we get out of the woods our government run by Bwari will politicize it blaming PDP government no sincerity even as I'm watching this program I can see one of the stories scrolling I inherited a country with bombs going off in cities Bwari so he said is it not annoying he is telling me that security is too much too much or something so anyways the answer is yes if these things are happening under his administration then he is I don't think that if Nigeria is good people will waste their money to buy tickets and travel out to whom much is given people expected a change in his administration but he failed to deliver we are very poor in selecting our leaders that is another point my name is Daniel Ilew way is regular fun thank you so much let's take your final comments quickly so yes the reason why I said Bwari is to be blamed is because as a leader he has authority to effect some changes and it's from that aspect I'm saying he is to be blamed absolutely go ahead let's switch to the pitel last week we told you also that only one person can be there so when he gets there if he gets there he is the one we blame not because it's a messiah but we won't know until we have tried something else alright so let me take one final comment one of the reasons why massive japa is the system of education is the system of education is poor I saw a twitter a tweet when a student in the UK was saying that there are about 68 students and 51 out of those students are Nigerians so any parents that see an opportunity that will favor their children and future so as far as I am concerned Bwari both Bwari and his administration are to be blamed were you looking amazing thank you very much I have to take that someone said Bwari is not to be blamed what if there was no covid or the war in Ukraine for us is the best thing that ever happened to us I encourage any of you to visit the deep sea port and the new airport I hope the people in the south east will be happy with the second Niger Delta bridge when they travel we are so sorry we can't take more messages but thank you ladies I think we had a fantastic conversation we did we will do a part let's go to you register let's go to Bwari before we go I sure you follow us on instagram, twitter everywhere, tech talk follow all our engagements on social media like, share and invite your families and friends to watch and follow the conversation now if you missed today's quote here it is again no one leaves home unless home is a mouth of a shak think it's clay enough we'll see you guys at 8pm tomorrow as we bring another great conversation to your screen enjoy


Gold-based structures such as nanoparticles, N-piece, and nanowires, NWs, have widely been used as building blocks for sensing devices in chemistry and biochemistry fields because of their unusual optical, electrical, and mechanical properties. This article gives a detailed review of the new properties and fabrication methods for gold nanostructures, especially gold nanowires, GNWs, and recent developments for their use in optical and electrochemical sensing tools, such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, SERS. This article was authored by Yuan Chaoshan, Wendy Chu, Ali Reza Dabaji Foroshani, and others.


Hello everyone. Welcome for this brand new part of our Twin in Week. Let me share my screen. So to start, this is a new module in this Twin Week. We did not cover Hydrogen before for the simple reason that we were not working as the energy data center of the IA on Hydrogen data collection. And this is now the case thanks to our partners from the UN and especially from Eurostat with whom we have been developing for the last year a brand new annual energy questionnaire we got in Hydrogen and that this questionnaire will be used for this data cycle for the first time. So all of this is current development and especially in the methodology. We are developing a new methodology and new points for this new, those new technologies that I imagine. Not everything is as ready as we would like to and there will be development in the next two, three years with new version of those questionnaire. So if you have questions, do not hesitate to ask them. And if you're interested, we have a specific mail address now so that you can ask us things. But to start, let's start with some key hydrogen trends first. So as I was telling you, we are starting as the energy data center to work on hydrogen, but the IA itself did not start just this year to work on this. Actually our colleagues, our analyst colleagues worked on this subject for several years now. And when we were preparing this presentation, they released their new version of the Global Hydrogen Review, which is an extensive and free report on the current state of hydrogen technologies and development. So not all of the data are the most up to date in this presentation, but I really suggest that you check also this report that is very extensive and very well written by our colleagues. I will show it to you at the end of the presentation. So some key hydrogen trends. So hydrogen is widely recognized now as an important option for climate change tackling and for the new policies implemented by most of the countries for their objectives to reach net zero emission by 2015. In many countries, it implies the implementation of new hydrogen technologies. Those technologies are pretty large in terms of covering from the energy sources for hydrogen or for the uses of hydrogen in transport or industries, low level, low energy industries or high level energy industries, such as iron and steel. But for now, it's important also to keep in mind that all of those technologies are really in project phase or development and hydrogen is not as wide as it could be right now. That's why also we started in advance to prepare questionnaires to tackle and collect the data because we need to monitor how those technologies evolve and what real impact they would have. Many industries and presidents hope that hydrogen will help decarbonize much of the human activities without changing too much the way of life energy users. And the difficulty being that hydrogen is a fuel that has many different type of sources and shape and at the same time is produced and used in many different industries. So new methodologies were needed to be put in place to work on this. Current demand for hydrogen is around 96 millions of tons in 2022 for hydrogen and most of them were in industries and refining, which are the traditional uses of hydrogen. Hydrogen being either a co-production of natural gas to produce ammonia and be used as fertilizers or by products of all refining that is reused immediately in the refining process. Just to the horizon of 2030, it is expected to see at least a third of this huge be moved toward other uses than industries refining to see new development for the need, especially in transport and power generation. All of those are supported right now by ambitious policies and new development by many industrial actors. Unfortunately for now, hydrogen is not a clean fuel. Low energy emission of hydrogen as of 2022 is very partial because most of the hydrogen right now is produced from natural gas in the production of ammonia, which is not a CO2 free process. But especially with the help of electrolyzers, it is hoped that hydrogen could become a far more cleaner fuel and far more useful fuel for energy production in the in the industries. And technologies are developing fast because between 2021, 2022 and 2023, the electrolyzer manufacturing capacity has been increased almost two by two on all those years, especially led by China and Europe. Even if in Europe in 2022, 2023, the production was a little bit slowed down because of the current political and war issues in the eastern borders. But it is expected to see this production of electrolyzers to grow exponentially by the horizon on 2015, leading to inner hydrogen being produced. And it's not only a question of production and and demand. It's also, if it is also a pro-European community that is expected to be traded, it's changed through the world. There have been a few experiments right now happening between Australia and Japan, organizing some important spots of hydrogen between two experimented on this. And also much of the hydrogen right now is being traded through pipelines or in the form of ammonia, which is another component, which is just a little bit later on this. So we got into our methodical concept and just checking the questions to see what they are. All right, so may I ask the presentation during the Q&A, but please use the meeting chat to ask your questions. It will be useful to write later. So regarding the key concept, so first definition of what we call hydrogen or what are the flow that will be covering. So hydrogen. Hydrogen is the gas, or less, none.6, but highly combustible, which is one of the, its key technical difficulties right now is that there is a fear of explosion and burning with this fuel, which is highly volatile on that. But at the same time, it is highly energy dense. It's a good energy carrier. And the unit of measure is usually teradol, that for natural gas, we prefer to use the energy content compared to the volume of the mass, which can vary depending on the conditions in which you store the gas. And we are considering in our questionnaire right now a gas purity that is at least of 98%. We chose this value because according to most of our analysts, a gas that will be at a lesser level of purity will not be useful or interesting for most of the industries or the energy users. So that's why we focused on the assumption that we have when we talk about hydrogen, it is this gas of 98% purity. We try to cover all forms of hydrogen that have been produced. So it's an intentional production or byproducts of another activity. And it's a little sometimes that there can be a byproducts of refining activity. We want to cover this element also. We are focusing in this new questionnaire on either energy use or non-energy use because as this is, as those are new technologies being unfolded, it is important for us to capture and cover all of the data right now and try to estimate and assess what are the actual interesting or useful flows and production to be followed. So we need to cover most of them. And we are not doing any distinction in the questionnaire to what we could call sometimes the clean hydrogen or green hydrogen or brown hydrogen. There's a lot of definition used by lots of analysts and industries. As I told you, we want to cover all of them. What we are not covering is the presence of hydrogen in other compounds with three major exceptions that I will detail later. And we are not interested in the intermediary products, which means that if hydrogen is present in just in an intermediary chemical component between the transformation of two fuels, we don't want to cover that. We want it as an output, a usable output if you want, of a reaction or an activity. The other compounds that will be monitoring in the questionnaire are ammonia and what we group under the name of if fuels. So ammonia is another chemical component with nitrogen and three hydrogen molecules. It is mostly present as a solid form. And it's a community already. It's changed at a worldwide level. Its application mostly being in non-energy use for chemical fertilizer production and etc. It has many intelligence with hydrogen, especially it is considered as one of the safest transport ways for hydrogen through boats or in other means. So that's why we want to do it. If fuels are another new technology being unfolded right now, but not exactly defined in methodical terms yet. But that's what we include most of the fuel that are the results of a reaction between CO2 or carbon monoxide with hydrogen to produce liquid or solid fuels. And in this we also include RFNBOs, which are the type of synthetic fuel you produce from biological sources. This is all linked. We are currently working on a revision of the classification of energy products, which will include more definition of both. So this will come out at some point to be introduced in reverse too. The structure of this new energy balance with both three main categories of fuels will be roughly the same as what you will see or you have already seen for the other energy communities with a supply part, a demand part, and in between the statistical differences. The main differences would be that in the production we have different sources possible than what you can find in the other questionnaires. And also there will be a very important part of the transformation sector because of the interaction of hydrogen with refinery activities, petrochemical sectors, and some other transformations that can occur. We'll see more in detail in a few minutes. So production of hydrogen, we are covering the production from other energy communities, so production from natural gas, primary and secondary oil, coal products, or renewable and non-renewable waste. For example, this can be the product or byproduct of a lot of different chemical activities, which are detailed here. I will not try to pronounce them. I know they can be unmouthed. And we are covering the production with or without CCS, CCS being carbon capture and storage, which are new technologies that have been developed and that are right now the main argument. When I'm saying in 2022-2023, many arguments for many hydrogen producers to say that hydrogen is cleaner because its development is in parallel of CCS technologies, which allow a production without too much emissions of CO2. Another part of the energy production can be from electrolysis. So hydrogen can be produced from electrolysis, which is an activity, which is to sum up very roughly, means that you make an electric current circulate through water, and the ionization of the water will produce hydrogen gas. This is a very rough summary of this chemical reaction. Do not quote me on that, but this is roughly what is happening. And in that case, we will try to monitor the sources of the electricity used for this electrolysis activity. That will cover just the use of grid electricity. So that's connected to the overall electricity mix of the country that is hosting the plant. And also sometimes you will have plant facilities that are in direct line, which means DL, you see in this slide, to specific energy sources, renewables, non-negotiables, some other not following that in postcategories. We separated nuclear because of some discussions that are happening at several political levels, especially in Europe, on the classification of nuclear being named low carbon emission sources, clean energy sources, non-fossil, non-renewables. It is still in discussion, so we separated nuclear from the rest to be sure to cover everything if needed. For the production of ammonia and e-fuel, so ammonia is mostly produced from fossil fuels, and currently the main source of this is natural gas, so it is more easier to process. And we want to cover all the production that is possible from ammonia. So we will cover in energy and non-energy purpose, especially if it's for data providers, for data providers, it will be hard for them to identify this part of ammonia that I produce will be used for energy purposes, and this won't, most of them cannot process that. So we try to cover all of them. And for issues, its production is expected to be mostly coming from renewables and waste. So that will be where we expect to see most production happening. For the trade, as for other fossil fuels, we are focusing here on the country of origin and destination of the fuel, so we are not interested in transit destination in the reporting. And currently most of the fuel of the H2 trade is done by pipeline anyway, so two countries connected and mixing either pure hydrogen or mixed with natural gas or biogas in a pipeline to transit it. There are few other transportation systems that are used in ammonia and methane situates sand, but those are currently in development and we cannot cover them too much here. Transformation, so I already covered it more with my production part. Hydrogen can be a source from the transformation sector or being used in those transformation sectors for the production of gas, of several ammonia or oil products and of course electricity, windburn, so almost the easiest process to cover here. And also, in refinery, it can be used as a component to produce other oil products for energy and energy purposes, so I tried to leave them here. And if you have doubts, I'm coming to that. We have already published with a partner from your start reporting instructions where you will find most of the definition of what is covered and not covered with this new questionnaire. I think I'm already reaching the end of the time I had to present you. When you will see the slide, when you will see them, you will have here most of the presentation of the different tables in this new energy questionnaire and how we fill them. Currently, it is not yet available on the website. We are still working to finalize it and it should be available hopefully in a few weeks on the website, but the instructions are already out, so you should be able to consult them if you want. Just to sum up briefly the current questionnaire, we have the first table on indigenous production, so taking into account all I've told you before, transformation, energy sector and losses, which will cover all of those, keeping in mind that losses would include the transmission, the distribution, and the transformation losses. So we are covering all of those in different items to try to have as much finesse as we can on the data and that keeping in mind also that we are currently working on another project of revision of the petrochemical sector reporting on the data, which would clarify much in the coming years. So another development that is coming on those data. Final energy consumption is pretty straightforward. It's said that we are covering energy and non-energy use here, and I told you we are going to see what are the uses of those new technologies, so that's why we are covering most of those uses and that will be it.