Hi everyone, Joe for Jaspy's casebreaks.com, coming at you with 2021 Bowman Baseball, hobby edition, 12 box, pick your team number 10. All cards shipped right here, and we've got one Chrome autograph per hobby box. Settlin' folks, this is kind of a long break. If you're watching the replay of this break, be sure to fast forward to the end, I'll do a recap at the end. So big thanks everybody here for getting on the action. Probably be a good time for everybody to double check to make sure you're watching live during this long, longish sort of break. Stretch out these hands for a little bit here. Prepare myself for a big break. Now all card shipped, so if you notice me missing a base, an important base card, or should be able to catch all the numbered cards, if you see me miss something, don't worry. Don't worry, it'll be, it'll still ship to you. Thanks everybody for making this happen, there you go. You got Casey Meis and Heston Kirchstadt on the box. One auto per box. Good luck everybody, this is pick your team, 10. Who's the, who's that first basketball game starting at 430, what time is it now? All right, so about 45 minutes, so we'll keep it on ESPN that has some football action happening here. Panthers being their first OTAs with Sam, I know it's a baseball break, but it's such a long break, we'll be able to kind of float around some different topics, if you'd like. Sam, don't know the panthers, pretty interesting. We'll see how that goes. Joe Burrow looks like he's gonna be ready week one just in saying you thought the refs were gonna be at the Phoenix Suns? Well, that's what Joe P's excuse is gonna be. He's got a built-in excuse already, if the suns lose, it's the refs fault. If the suns win, it'll be in spite of the refs. That's the storyline. Number one, Justin making a phone call to his cousin, Louisiana, and he's putting a hex on Booker and Chris Paul, wow. Well, Joe P countered, he's a big suns fan, countered with a, he has a LeBron James voodoo doll or something like that, we'll see what happens. Obviously, Austin Martin, one of the big prospects in this set, that's his first. We'll wrinkly, do we get a better top loader for Austin Martin? Or a Paisley, that is. So hopefully we'll find his autographs, some parallels of him. Base cards are okay, but we wanna find some low numbered stuff for him. Look at that, as advertised, that goes to Matthew Shearer and the Toronto Blue Jays. And here's Andrew Dahlquist, orange shimmer to 25 for the White Sox, last spot mojo, Don. Big one here is the Austin Martin Toronto Blue Jays Chrome Prospect Autograph Redemption. That's a good start, to do real, real black magic in the south. Gotta watch out for that. Yeah, you're just in time, TJ. This is just box one, we've pulled the auto already. It was a good one, Austin Martin. Hunter confirming that we do have real black magic down in Nolans. There's CJ Chatham, atomic, which I think are one per box, I wanna say. And we got a Colton Welker, a 499 paper. That'll be for Joe M. and the Rockies. Rocky Mountain High, Colorado. Whoa, that's scary, your dad lost his best friend because his wife put a hex on his truck. Wait, who's wife? His best friend's wife, or your dad's wife? There's a, I think that's numbered, it is. Nicoladolo to 125. Bowman Scouts for the Reds, Eric, with that one. His best friend's wife, spooky. Yeah, I don't mess around with hexes. It's not for me, it's too scary. Looks like we've got one more parallel. It's Whit Maryfields, 150 blue paper for the Royals. That's gonna go to the X-Line. Getting cool Whit Maryfield. All right, that was box one of 12. What time's the game first today, was it the last game? No, it's the seven game. Seven third, no, there's one more. Seven 30, the Dallas Clippers game is the last game. So it's, I actually have it open. So it's 430 Celtics, 430 LA time, Celtics at Nets. Seven o'clock LA time, Lakers at Suns, that's a T, both of those are TNT games. And then the NBA TV game, I guess local channel for us. Mavs at Clippers, 730 LA time. The Clippers the next day of the rest. Yeah, great. All right, next one. NBA TV's kind of weird too. They couldn't put one of these games on, I don't know, show the Mavs, Lucodontich, that's a big name. You don't want Lucodontich on TNT? Maybe they don't have the rights for a triple header. They couldn't clear it with Lucas' mom. Lucas' mom was like, we don't want national attention on my son. Watching on NBA TV. And away we go. And our next autograph is 34 out of 50. Sandy Gaston. And that'll be for Dylan and the Tampa Bay Rays. Tom, what's up? How long do you think it'll take to fill the high end football break? That's up to you. How quickly, how many spots you wanna buy? How many spots do you want you're gonna convince your friends to buy? That's entirely up to you. It'll definitely break. That I can guarantee. The when part of it is up to you and the rest of the crew here. Is Gunnar Henderson to 499? I wish it was up to me. That'd be like right now. It was a Chrome, Austin Martin. I already got his autograph in the first box, which is pretty nice. Let's see if we can find some parallels now. Something for everybody, I hope. Scouts 100, Austin Martin. And all-card chip in this too, so everyone should get at least a stack of something. And there's Heston Kirkstadt, the speckle parallel to 299. That's gonna be for TJ and the O's. 147 out of 299, TJ, there you go. We're doing a baseball break here. Do we have any baseball news happening here? No worries, TJ. Who are the AL and NL rookies of the month for April? That's some good trivia. Anyone know off the top of their heads? Phillies put slumping slugger Bryce Harper on the 10-day IL. And the Royals are activating Adelberto Mondesia. He had an oblique issue off the IL to make his season debut. I don't know if you hear the TV in the background, but Jacob DeGrom back off the IL on the bump tonight. Jays' Phelps has lat surgery done for the season. X Rocky star Castilla, it must be Vinny Castilla, to manage the futures game. Hopefully we'll find some more to you. LaRusa, the Cardinals' White Sox is, quote, a different series, what are you saying? MetzGM saying Conforto and McNeil likely out until late June. And is everyone injuring, swinging, and missing too hard on all those fastballs out there? Ah, it's the White Sox DH, oh, Jermyn Mercedes for April, that makes sense. And Marlin's left-handed Trevor Rodgers, really. It was the NL. It was the NL, if you'll keep in mind. I think the MLB Draft is in mid-July, so we've got a big draft coming up, too. ESPN has, we're talking early, oh, it's an ESPN Plus article, I'm not signed in. Never mind, they had some early thoughts on all the awards, way too early thoughts. There's a draft prospect that throws fourth straight no-hitter for East Catholic High School in Manchester, Connecticut. Frank Mazzicato, fourth consecutive no-hitter. All right, next box. Oh, here's, let's file this under weird injuries that baseball players get. First, the Indians lost Slugger Framel race, now they'll be without starter Zach Plisac, heading to the injured list with a non-displaced fracture in his right thumb. He injured the thumb while taking off his undershirt and getting it caught on the chair at his locker. He was taking off, I don't know how it got caught on a chair, but that's wild. That would be good for the hobby, Sanford, if Cabrion Hayes comes back and finished the season strong. And we got Cade Cavalli, pink parallel, fuchsia, I think, to $1.99. That'll be for the Nats, that'll be for Anthony. And we got Jeremy Woo Yellen, going to Boston. That'll be for Matthew Sheerup, that's a good penmanship there. And some more, there's Xavier Edwards, double O-one out of $2.99, the first one ever made. That'll go to Dylan and the Rays, the numbered cards here at least. Mike Tarzan, Jack Leiter, son of Al Leib, that's right, I've heard of him. It's supposed to be a top five prospect for the MLB Draft. There's Brian Anderson to $4.99 for the Marlins. That's Ryan Dee with the fish, next stack J-Bonnais paper on the back here, our next box. Yeah, fair amount of color so far, it's looking pretty good. Let's try to find some more. Thumb caught on an undershirt for Zach Leesack, that's wild. We have some early scores here, we've got Pirates with an early two-nothing lead on the Cubs, Philly's and Marlins are scoreless in the second Cincinnati, Washington just started. Yeah, let's see some train whistle color out of here, that'd be nice. I don't remember the last, I think I pulled a super fracker of somebody out of this bow, I don't know if it was bow and hobby or jumbo, but I know I did, but that was ages ago. This is break 10, this is pick your team 10, I feel like it was back in like pick your team three or four. Something like that. Sanford's thinking that all the Austin Martins popped out of the hobby cases and not the jumbo cases. Yeah, it was like one of the first cases, right? It was a Zach Veen, super fracker. Seville Field's been chasing some dual autos. I don't think I've personally pulled a dual auto, maybe Sean or Jason might have personally. Coffee next half, well mlb.com is keeping track of all the lays free agents and trade rumors right here in this page. Ryan's trade value rising, willcub sell. What does everyone think? The trademark of Chris Bryant didn't gain much traction this past off season, coming off the poor 2020 season and due to earn about 19 and a half million this year, but he has revitalized his trade value in less than two months according to mlb.com. Slugger has been one of the best hitters in baseball. What does he slash? He's slashing a 312, 406 and 604 with 10 homers, 15 doubles. It's also shown increased defensive versatility, starting multiple games at five positions. Third base, center field, left field, right field, first base. Now Bryant along with Baez, Javier Baez and Anthony Rizzo could be, could be, or are gonna be free agents. Chicago's starting pitching a struggle this season according to the sixth highest ERA 477 in the majors. But the club's still only one and a half games behind the first place Cardinals. So with all that being said, I don't know, what do you do? They need the pitching. They're not gonna win the division or do anything in the playoffs without starting pitching, but they've got a, Chris Bryant producing a lot of, a lot of runs for that team. Chris, what's up? You're looking for a Hedbert Perez. What team do you have on this list here? Oh, I see, you have the Brewers. All right, Hedbert search. Sean Jaspy saying angels are number one highest in ERA. So number one in something for the Halos. And there's an Ivan Johnson, Bowman first autograph refractor to 499. That'll be for Eric and the Red Legs. And there's a Mick Bell to 499 refractor for the Phillies. That's gonna go to Brandon. I feel like they should have held on to, cups have held on to you, Darvish. There's Glaber Day, purple paper to 250. I feel like the Yankees want a third baseman, right? Someone, someone of Chris Bryant's caliber, maybe. Yeah, Thomas Yankees fan, my colleague in the background saying that Chris Bryant would be wonderful. What do you give up for Chris Bryant? Move and do, all right? Yeah, he's not bad. Maybe a Davy Garcia little pitcher to throw back to the Cubs way they want pitching. Maybe some draft picks. Cubs fans, would you do that to you? There's Justin Foskew to 499. Otherwise, Chris Bryant might just walk and Cubs fans aren't gonna get anything. Cubs aren't gonna get anything. Yankees have some prospects in the pipeline that they can move some everyday guys that could help right now and in the future. Next box, so I don't know.  And what, just run in the back of my knees? No, like, oh, if we're just batting? Yeah, you're batting. And then what, you just froze me with a gyro ball? Yeah, gyro ball.  It's just like nice kick. This is like, he did have a good gyro ball. In bank. When that was on? Like, it was like a, kind of like a screw ball, right? Does Cubs screw ball with a little E-piss thing? Yeah, weird pitch, but when it's on. Trevor's story is supposed to be on the move. There's been some rumors that maybe the Brewers could get Trevor's story. But then I think they just picked up William Demis. So maybe that means they're out of the Trevor's story race. I think at the beginning of the season, there were spots that Max Scherzer could be moved. But they're actually, they're only, what, a couple games out of the NLEs. So they may still think they've got a shot. He's in the final year of a seven year, 210 million dollar contract. Could the twins be sellers? MLB.com saying after back to back the American League Central titles, the twins are 18 and 29 this season, putting them in last place in the division. Speculation's already going that Minnesota could be a trade deadline seller. Club has a number of players who are headed for free agency after the season, including Nelson Cruz, Andrew Consimmons would be a good glove, Michael Panetta, Jay Hap, Alex Colomet, Hansell Robles, and Matt Schumacher. Cruz would be the biggest name on that list. Although his status as a full time DH limits his market to NAL teams. Baltimore has a lot of talent to deal. I don't think they're, I don't think they're sellers are they? I think they're keeping all that talent. Hope that it grows all at the same time. I don't think they're in a rush or they shouldn't be in a rush, in my opinion. All right, next box. I feel like Trevor's story has to go somewhere though. I don't think the Rockies are playing well this season. They got to, they could get something back. Aeronautos already gone. They could get something back for, maybe you do even move Charlie Blackman. I know he's kind of a fan favorite out there, but Trevor's story could yield a lot. There's Max Meyer, futurist insert. Atomic to 150, that looks pretty cool. Ryan with one of their top pitching prospects. All right, next half. With Trout being out for a while, maybe we'll see some Joe Adele. That'd be good for the hobby to see him in some major league action. I know he struggled a little bit last year. Ooh, and a nice orange auto for the Marlins. Four out of 25, that's Brady, Encarnacion. I think the orange looks really nice. That really pops. Once again, Marlins, Ryan. Ryan D with that one. Nice, the color is always nice. Ooh, and a Fuchsia Spencer Tworkelson. This isn't his moment first, but still nice. 108 out of 199, Fuchsia Chrome, Detroit. Matthew Stubblefield, there you go, Matthew. Could be the next Miguel Cabrera. That's what they're hoping. Casey Meyes, the next Verlander. That'd be a good foundation for the team going forward. They got Riley Greene still coming up the ranks too. They've got some guys. There's Luis Garcia, paper to 499. That'll be for Anthony and the Nationals. There's Spencer again. Next box. This is box six of 12. Let's see what we'll kind of use MLB trade rumors has for us. We know that Philly's placed Harper on the IL. Blue Jays to promote Alec Manoa.  And Owen Miller, because Framel Reyes went down on the 10-day IL. Owen Miller is gonna get called up. Rangers Koji Yukara, or Arihara, to undergo shoulder surgery. I think I missed that Aaron Hicks with wrist surgery issue. Chris Davis, Chris with a C out for the season. I think I've taken a look at the standings in a little bit. So the Reyes are leading the AL East. We knew they were gonna be good. They've got a 11-game winning streak right now. Red Sox with 29 wins. Well, Red Sox kind of unexpectedly having a really nice season. Yankees have won their last six, they're 28 and 19. So they're crawling back up, climbing back up the standings. Yeah, the White Sox being 18 and 29. I did not expect that, or the twins that is. The White Sox are 27 and 19. They're playing pretty well. Indians are only a game and a half back. And after a hot start, I think Kansas City's just under 500. A's looking good. They've got 28 wins. Right behind them, Houston with 26 wins. I think those are the two front runners. I think Seattle, Texas, both have 22 wins. Angels are 20 wins. That NL East is gonna be really fun. The last place team, the Nationals are only two games back, the Mets. Mets with 21 wins. Atlanta with 23 wins. Miami, 23 wins. Philadelphia, 23 wins. Everyone's almost under 500, but should be a fun finish. Washington with 20 wins. NL Central's a tight race too. Cardinals, Cubs, Brewers. And in the NL, they've got a lot of tight competition. And all the, still early. I mean, it's only the end of the second month of the season, but Padres 30 wins, Dodger 29 wins. Dodgers have won seven in a row. San Francisco 28 wins right behind them. And then the Rockies and Diamondbacks. Both with 19, 18 wins respectively. All right, we've got a Jake Etter, another Marlin. 82 out of 150. Blue Chrome Autograph for Ryan and the Fish. We've got some Lyme, Jake Croningworth. Neon Green, I think, but. That's a paper to 399. Put the Lyme in the coconut. That'll be for Joe M. and the Friars. Yeah, that green is cool, right? Is that new for this year? Maybe recently? I mean, the last couple of years. The Fuchsia, I feel like, is new too. Jose Tena, Speckle. Did I see some yellow paper down there somewhere? I think so. Yep, there it is. And it's Taryn Vavra. 10 out of 75 yellow paper for Colorado, Joe M. Nice, folks. We are officially halfway through this full case break. I'm actually gonna run and grab some more water really quick. So, Stan, we're gonna pause the video. We'll leave this all out here. Run and grab some water. We'll be right back to get into the last six. B-R-B. All right, welcome back, folks. Got a little hydration. Now we're ready to go to the second half of this case. So about another 45 minutes. It's what other baseball stuff can I catch up on here while I'm doing this break? Yeah, yeah, go for it. Who's leading the league in homers? It's Ronald Acuna has 15 homers. Vlad Guerrero Jr. also has 15. Right behind him. Adola's Garcia has 14 homeruns. I know that Shohei has 14 homeruns. Devers has 13 homeruns. Machanegra has 13 homeruns. I think Tetease Jr. was on IL, right? Maybe COVID-related IL, he still has 13 homeruns. Castellanos with 12 homeruns. Vardo Escobar, 12 homeruns. Freeman, 12 homeruns. Ryan McMahon, 12 homeruns. Nick Castellanos hitting 354. Jermaine Mercedes, still hitting, right? He's hitting 353. Jesse Winker with 353 on the season. Xander Bogartz, 345. I got Adam Frazier on my fantasy team. He's hitting a nice 339 for the Pirates. I think Vlad was leading the league in average for a little while. He's still in the top 10 in the league, 333. Katie Martinez having a nice season, 326. Some dozen homeruns. I can't believe so many teams are getting no hit. Those kind of numbers. Now folks, speaking of no hitters, no team has ever been no hit three times in a season. Currently there are three teams that are at two, right? There's been six no hitters, only three teams have been no hit. So when people are like, oh my God, there's too many no hitters, well, almost just the same three teams, right? Seattle got no hit twice. Cleveland got no hit twice and the Rangers got no hit twice. So the people who are overreacting to that, I think. So which of those teams do you think will get no hit a record third time? Or will there not be? Will they avoid the third no hitter? Think the Rangers will get no hit for the record third time, Thomas the same? Or is that Jesse back there? Thomas. I could see the, see, because the Mariners kind of have some young talent. That's pretty good. There's Beck Way for the Yankees. 175 out of 250. Bowman first, purple chrome. Robert Flores with the Bronx bombers. Getting a fourth round pitcher here. Listed as Yankees number 16 prospect by Baseball America. And we got a Max Meyer. Aqua shimmer, 60 out of one at 25. For the fish, half of the box. Next half, Ryan McMahon with the homer. Some more of that green paper. It's the Dodgers, Bobby Miller. 93 out of 399. I think he's had a nice start to his professional career in low A, I think. High A maybe? Yeah, real big fish, that's right. When ska was a thing. It was ska, wasn't it? I consider it ska. It was Trevor Larnock for 250. That's for the twins. I think the big band revival was more, was more Brian Sets or Orgestra, stuff like that. Yeah, but there was a big ska swing revival in the 90s. I guess real big fish had more of a punk sort of aesthetic to their ska. It was pretty big in Southern California back in the day. It was like, yeah, real big fish. I wanna say goldfinger, but maybe goldfinger was more of a lead more punk than they did ska. There's some ska elements there. Say Ferris. There you go, TJ saw them in OKC. Real big fish, the hole in the wall. I must have seen them in a festival or something like that. It's a fun band. Say Ferris was more ska-ish. Early, early, no doubt was more ska. Zutu Riot was, was Big Bad Guru Daddies? Cherry, I think Daddies. Brian Sets or Orgestra. Now there was a big swing revival there too. Right, the Mighty Money Boss Tones. A little bit of ska action there. Scroll Not Zippers was a weird band. They lean more to the swing side of things, right? MXPX Classic. Watch that movie, watch that movie Swingers with a young Vince Vaughn. Might be one of his first roles, perhaps, back in the day. But yeah, you'll see the whole swing thing there. Right, it's a blind. Definitely part of that ska scene. They were beloved in this neck of the woods. Yeah, I wore a safety pin through my nose. That's what people did. Plaid pants, wallet chains, some classic 90s ska punk kind of gear. Right, there was, I just, I forgot about that, Sanford. Right, hockey on the Genesis where you can make Gretzky's head bleed. You can make any player's head bleed, I think, with a certain pattern of hits, I think. There's Luis Frias for Ryan and the D-Backs. Yeah, that's a slice of the 90s, if you wanna know what that was like. And there's a Mike Trout. 224 out of 3.99. Neon Green Paper for Brian Crouch and the Halos. It's gonna be out for a little bit, but get well soon, Mike. There's Nick Allen for the A's. Refractor, 499 out of 499. The last card, no, 498 out of 499. Second to last card ever made. It's Ryan with the A's. He's heating up. Will Drigger says, Zuccher rides by cherry popping, that is, are you? I don't know, it's one of the many swing bends that were pretty popular back in the day. Doesn't Nick Allen look small in this baseball card? He kind of does. Yeah, he's 5'8, I guess, small for a ball player. That's his listed height. Might even be shorter than that. And we've got Trent DeVoe, Aqua Chrome 58 out of 125. Remember the band Aqua? Speaking of 90s one hit wonders. All right, next box. That's right, Will. Yeah, people were just saying that on top 40 radio. I think it was nothing. Yeah, I'm pretty sure Aqua did the Barbie girl song. And we have the, people are hopefully placing orders while I'm doing this, right? While we're going through an hour and a half break. All right, yeah, we got almost, we got about a dozen orders coming in here. So we'll go through those orders and we'll see what's selling out or close to selling out. So we looked at some hitting stats. Let's look at some pitching stats. Who's Brandon Woodruff with a 141 ERA. After 10 starts, Lance Linwog, my fantasy team. 150, we had a nice start yesterday too. 151 over eight starts. Kevin Gosman, a 166 ERA. Yeah, we were talking about Trevor Rogers a little bit earlier, your AL or your NL. Rookie of the month for April. Trevor Rogers, a 175 ERA, six and two. Darvish also a 175 ERA. John Means, 179. Gary Cole, 180. Trevor Bauer, a 198 ERA. Taiwan Walker with a 205 ERA over eight starts. Kyle Gibson, a 224 ERA. Although I think he's headed to the IL. Who's got the most K's in the league. Shane Bieber is almost at 100 strike odds already, 98. Garrett Cole's at 92 and the next person's Trevor Bauer at 88. So Garrett Cole and Shane Bieber striking out a bowload of guys. Next box, good luck. Adam suggesting, Adam Coverman suggesting, let's get that select sold out, yeah. How many spots are left in that filler? That filler's just a team random. There's Adinso Rez going to Matthew Stubblefield and the Tigers. Matthew, what can you tell us about this guy? Do you know who this is? It's Bowman 1st Autograph. Signed as a free agent in 2018. Number 30 Tigers prospect according to Baseball America. And rated as number 23 prospects in international signing class. Nine spots left in that select filler. We've got a Xavier Edwards green speckle to 99, 22 out of 99. Rez, Dylan with TB. No insight yet for Rez. Stubblefield, one to look out for then. So Brex, it was pretty good. It was very relaxing. My weekend, got a lot of errands done. It was the first weekend I had after coming back from Wisconsin actually, right? So I got to catch up on a lot of things I didn't get to do before I left town. There's Aisa Lacy, orange, 12 out of 25. Bowman scouts 100, he's number 30. The X-Line with the Royals. And that's pretty cool. Gold speckle, or maybe it's neon yellow. I think gold's are maybe out of 10. Yellow's out of 75. Either way, pretty cool looking parallel with the speckle pattern that's a maximal costa for Matthew Shearer and the Rangers. All right, three boxes to go. Ladies and gentlemen, almost there. Stay on target. Garrett Cole has 92 strikeouts. He has eight walks over 10 starts. It's 64.2 innings. Eight walks, that's crazy. I mean, next closest is, I guess air no only has 10 walks. Joe Musgrove with 11 walks. Corbin Burns still only has two walks and 41.1 innings. That's crazy. First starter. Let's go to Celtics at Nets. Keep that on the background. Got the starter at 430. L.A. time. There is Cade Cavalli to 150. For Anthony and the Nets. Brooklyn already up 29 to 18 with a few minutes left in the first quarter. We got Michael Avenay. Michael McAvenay. McAvenay? McAvenay? McFoy? James McAvoy? Cubs. Darren with the Cuvies. Next over, what's up? All is well. Jordan Walker, purple paper to 250. The X line. Does Anson Tejada look like he's in a rundown? Like he's looking, his eyes are looking back. He's like, who's chasing me? Well, Joe Harris is cooking. Okay, I think I got him in a Draft Kings lineup. I didn't pick a side for this game, but I do have been playing some showdown lineups in Draft Kings. I hope I kept him in the lineup. All right, second half of this box. We're getting towards the end. Keep those fingers crossed. So we'll have some good opportunities to get some nice hits. We pulled the auto out of this box already, so there's two more autos to go. And plus, hopefully one, hopefully maybe some low numbered parallels, I was trying to say. Right, so we'll use Joe Harris in only one lineup. Are you doing the full slated games? Well, here's Andrew Vaughn, 64 out of 125. Nice aqua parallel there for the White Sox, done. I feel like I have more success. I mean, what little success I have in daily fantasy. I feel like most of it comes from, I feel like most of it comes from the showdown lineups. Well, I did well in NASCAR yesterday. I did a 25 cent entry in NASCAR yesterday, put in three 25 cent lineups in NASCAR, and one of them won 30 bucks. It's a pretty good return. I'll take that off a quarter. So you went Clipper Dallas heavy in your lineups, Matthew's saying. Think Donchich goes off again? Yeah, everyone took the over on this Celtics Nets game. It's already 33, 24. Yeah, Luca should, he's been playing angry. Wait, why is he angry? I feel like he thinks he gets disrespected by refs, but I mean, he's good, but I think the referee's still looking at him like a, like, hey, you're like your third year in the league, buddy. You see the New York city mayor calling out Trey Young. I mean, I feel like Trey Young has the ability to take over a game. I'm like, I don't think you want to, you don't want to poke the bear in that situation. New York mayor in a press conference telling Trey Young not to chase, not to hunt fowls, which was like, listen, I mean, I know that New York's excited about the Knicks being in the playoffs, but be cool to Blasio. Ooh, Jock hit his second home over the game today. It's only the fifth inning. Maybe it's maybe third. No chill from the mayor, it's like easy. All right, RTR's here, real time reference has some nice little stats for us. Vlad Guerrero Jr. has the most home run in the major chapter, driving in Boba Shet with the 16th. Most times on base in the major with 90, hitting 335. That's good for the hobby. All right, second to last box, two more autos to go. Hopefully some low numbered parallels. There's Vlad Jr. right here, playing lean and mean, Vlad Jr. We got a Atomic Refractor, Bowman Scouts top 100, number 72 Shay Lang Lears. That's for the Braves, Joe M with the ATL. Brooklyn put up 40 points in the first quarter to Boston's 26. Wake up, Boston, make this a good game. And an Orange, Eddie Diaz autograph, 13 out of 25. That is for Joe M. He's heating up, he's on fire. Next one for the Rocks. All right, so that just leaves one auto left in the last box. Let's see if we can find some nice parallels here. There's Anthony Rendon to 499, paper for Brian Crouch and the Angels. And we've got Blue Chrome DL Hall, 14 out of 150. That'll go to TJ and the O's. First rounder, 21st overall pick. And Wander Franco, when are we gonna see him in the majors? Got him on my fancy team, taking up a roster spot. It's for Dylan and the Reyes. It's a 303 out of 399. There's an Andrew Dahlquist, refractor, 162 out of 499. Dawn with the White Sox. Final box coming up. So for those of you who like to go oppo public when you're investing in teams, Celtics ended up, I think, around plus nine, plus nine and a half, depending on where you are. 40% of the bets were on the Celtics. That's oppo public. You wanna go oppo the Nets. And 47% of the money was also on the Celtics. So that's a 7% difference, not that huge. The other basketball games you wanna go oppo public, you go with the Suns, plus two. 35% of the bets put 48% of the money. That's a 13% differential. And the biggest one is for the Clippers. Clippers minus seven, 49% of tickets are on the Clippers and 67% of the money. Well, that's an 18% differential. What you're kind of looking for in a very, very general, general sense is under 50% on the amount of plays and then over 50% of the money. And so far, that's only the Clippers, it's like 49 and 67. If you're into that story, obviously you gotta take into account a lot of other different things too. You can't really just go on that, but investing in teams and the playoffs are pretty difficult, I think. The lines get really sharp, especially as the playoffs go on, there's fewer teams that the books have to account for. Those lines get sharper and sharper, I feel like. Of the final box, thanks everybody for sticking with me throughout this break, keeping me company. Thanks for watching, hopefully this last box can reward you in the end. Good luck to everyone. Looking for some nice low number parallels, and a nice autograph. There's Corbin Carroll Aqua Chrome, 36 out of 125, that's for Ryan and the Snakes. We've got a purple paper, Aisa Lacy to 250 for the X-Line. And our last auto is Johan Rojas for the Philadelphia Phillies, Brandon Cooper with the final auto, 2021 Bowman Baseball, 12 box, hobby case, pick your team number 10. Now, low numbers? Is there a Super Factor in there somewhere, or red out of five, a train whistle? Perhaps. Let's keep going, let's see if we can get some nice parallels.  Carlson at 18. Looks like that is that, my friends. Nick York, Austin Martin, Patrick Bailey, and Jackson Coar finishes it out. Thanks very much, everybody. That was 2021 Bowman Baseball, 12 box, hobby case, pick your team 10. From jaspyscasebreaks.com, keep your eye out for more. Here's a quick recap right here, from the last box to the first. Pretty solid break, lots of nice color. Speckles really pop, some shimmers going on here too. Torkelson Fuchsia, started off with that Austin Martin chrome prospect auto for the Blue Jays, and there are some orange shimmer right there to start things off for the White Sox. And there you have it, I'm Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com, I'll see you next time for the next one, bye bye.


Legumes may be the most important predictor of survival in older people from around the globe. They looked at five different cohorts in Japan, Sweden, Greece, and Australia, and of all the food factors they looked at, only one was associated with a longer life span across the board— legume intake. Whether it was the Japanese eating their soy, the Swedes eating their brown beans and peas, or those in the Mediterranean eating lentils, chickpeas, white beans, only for legumes intake, was the result plausible, consistent, and statistically significant from the data across all the populations combined. We're talking an 8% reduction in risk of death for every 20 grams increase in daily legumes intake. That's just like two tablespoons worth. So if a can of beans is 250 grams and you get 8% lower mortality for every 20 grams, maybe if we eat a can a day we'll live forever, let's find out. If you want to increase your lifespan, eat beans. If, however, your suicidal want to decrease your lifespan, a bean-free diet may increase the risk of death. So having arrived at the one dietary fountain of youth, what's the number one reason people aren't clamoring for them? Fear of flatulence. So is that the choice we're left with? Breaking wind or breaking down? Passing gas or passing on? Turns out that people's concerns about excessive flatulence from eating beans may be exaggerated. Add a half a cup of beans. Every day, people's diet for months. And what happens? What's the number one symptom? Nothing. The vast majority of people experience no symptoms at all, so a few percent did report increased flatulence. So it may occur in some individuals, but not all people are affected. And even among those that were, 70% or more of the participants who experienced flatulence felt it dissipated, no pun intended, by the second or third week of bean consumption. So we just got a stick to it. And, you know, a small percentage reported increased flatulence on the control diet without any beans. People have preconceived notions about beans, such that just the expectation of flatulence from eating beans may influence their perceptions of having gas. They didn't actually measure farts in this study. They just asked people what their perception of the amount of gas they had was. And we know from previous studies that you give someone a product labeled to contain something that may cause intestinal distress, and it causes more intestinal distress whether it actually contains the ingredient or not. In other words, just thinking they were eating it caused digestive distress or the perception of it to a proportion of persons. So people thinking beans are going to cause gas may just be more likely to notice the gas they normally have. Either way, it tends to go away. After a few weeks of daily bean consumption, people perceive their flatulence occurrence returns to normal levels. In this other study where they added more than a half a cup of kidney beans to people's daily diets, the research subjects reported that the discomfort they initially felt within the first day or two of adding beans quickly disappeared, so again, stick with it. Bottom line, no pun intended. An increasing body of research in the latest dietary guidelines supports the benefits of a plant-based diet and legumes specifically in the reduction of chronic disease risks. And some people may result in more flatulence initially, however doctors should emphasize that it will decrease over time if we just keep it up. And the nutritional attributes of beans in the diet outweighs the potential for transitory discomfort. The long-term health benefits of bean consumption are great, and indeed eating beans in the long term may make your term on earth even longer.


Thank you very much indeed. Good afternoon everybody. What I want to do this afternoon is give a very, very brief overview about what we know and what we think we might know about a name which is probably familiar to an awful lot of people, yet exactly what who she was and how she fits into things are probably less clear. She's perhaps all the people of the ancient past dominated by one image, the one which is on the screen here, of a painted limestone bust of her found in a sculpture studio in Egypt in 1912. But I want to show today that there is more to her, far more to her than simply being a pretty face, which sadly is often what she seems to be presented as to nowadays. And also to show how much history can be changed by one discovery, because the narrative, which I'm presenting my book and also which I'm summarizing in the lecture today is a very different one from one which one might have written about Nefertiti 50 years ago, or even 20 years ago. Well, things about dealing with late with early literate societies like Egypt is the way that archaeology history are completely intertwined and that an awful lot of what say we think we know historically is actually ultimately based on items of material culture. So therefore I think this whole Egyptology study of ancient Egypt is one where all the various disciplines of studying humankind come together very very well to try and produce an overall solution. So worthwhile just sort of locating ourselves in time because I know many of you certainly not have more than some passing acquaintance with ancient Egypt. So what we call ancient Egypt in the sense a period of time where we have broadly the same religion, language, basic worldview lasts for over 3000 years from the unification of Egypt around 3000 BC down to the real end of what you would call ancient Egypt with the end of paganism because at the end of paganism, really a lot of all the things which tie together ancient Egypt have gone. And, and all and that period 3000 over 3000 years, those are a few of the waypoints people might be aware of implication, where the pyramids are built to the moon, clear patch of the seventh the last of independent ruler of Egypt, but then there's a long long tale with Roman rule, and also really just to show how that fits in time wise and, and the amount and spread of existence with other civilizations on there. And one of these is worthwhile pointing out is for clear patch of the seventh there, this is the famous clear patch of the pyramids were more ancient than clear patch is for us. It's not to grasp when you're trying to look at ancient Egypt is not it's a very, very long period. It's remarkable how much remains the same and how much changes. And what we're going to the lady we're going to be talking about today is involved in one of those periods of change. And just so you can see where she is there she is in the middle of what we call a new kingdom, and in broad handfuls the second half of the 14th century BC. So how do we know about her. Well, as far as absolutely undisputed facts are concerned. There is that she was the wife, the king's great wife, the chief wife of King Akhenaten, who ruled that who ruled in the late 14th century BC in Egyptian 18th and is remarkable for the fact that during his reign, the ancient Egyptian religion was thrown up in the air, and the multiple multiplicity of gods were replaced at least for the King himself, how far this kind of this sort of spread into the rest of society is pretty unclear. But for the King himself anyway, there was now a single God to whom he owed his allegiance the art and who was the physical body of the sun. So that is absolute fact. So beyond this, it's all, they're all to a great lesser degree, measures, measures of interpretation, hypothesis, as I say, a lot of Egyptian history is, is a working hypothesis, if only that's where I'm putting it. And that although we can got some big handfuls of things which we, which we are pretty certain we know, there are say things which change, and the interpretation of things that can change quite rapidly. So as to when the marriage between Akhenaten and Nefertiti took place, well it seems to be some point after the King came to the throne as a successor of Amenhotep III, his father. Many older books talk about the two kings having ruled together as co-regents. That now seems to be not a cat, not not the case after all. That's not the case is where history has changed over time. But the vast majority of Egyptologists, including myself, are now happy. It's simply a direct father-son succession without any kind of overlaps. But the reason why we think that when he first came to throne, probably quite young, perhaps 16 or 17 years old, he had no wife because the very earliest representations of him in two tombs. Here are Prime Minister Ramosa and Cheroef, who was the steward of his mother. Well, in the both these representations, the king is shown in a context with another female, but it's not his wife in the one in the top right hand corner from the two of Ramosa. It's Maat and in the tomb of Cheroef, it's his mother T, who is standing in Lu of where you'd normally expect a spouse. But it seems it's only a very short period of time after this that he does actually marry Nefertiti. The evidence for the early part of the rain comes from here, modern Luxor, ancient Thebes, and it's at Luxor, ancient Thebes, that the tomb chapels we've been talking about in that previous slide are there over here on the Sheikh Abdel Kerna hill and the Assasif play next to it. But then we find the among the key evidence for the early part of the rain and the earliest part of Nefertiti's marriage to Akinathan is here on the east bank of the Nile Nile running across here. People things like the value of the kings and places like that over on the West Bank here on the east bank are two major temples, the temple of Luxor and the temple of Karnak. And it's the temple of Karnak where we find our first evidence for Nefertiti. This is a map of the great temple of Karnak, one of the largest if not the largest single complex of religious buildings anywhere in the world. And this part within this wall is the element belonging largely to Amun with various lodges. There are other gods who have their temples in here as well because it's not only is it the home temple of Amunray, the king of the gods, but also it's the national shrine of Egypt during this period. So there is other gods have their have their sort of have little chapels and so on around the place. But as part of his new, his religious reform, his move to at least monolotry, if not monotheism, big debate over what would actually be how you interpret this single god of Akinathan. He builds a new temple outside the area of Amun. And here at the back, we have the Gemet Paarten, which is one of the four buildings we know he created at Karnak for his new cult, but which only traces have been found. Lots of broken lots of separated blocks have been found, but only a small amount of actually in situ archaeology out here, because after his death. These temples were all dismantled as part of the return to something approaching orthodoxy, and those blocks were then used to fill up bill gateways and so on of later kings. Not quite a few bits, but actually where they actually lay originally is a bit more unclear. Anyway, so as a Gemet Paarten. We find various blocks from that. And here we've got a very early representation from the same scene of the king and the queen. But the king is shown within what we call the Amana art style I explain why Amana in a moment. Whereby there is a significant distortion of the human form, particularly for the king and queen, but also extending to other people and you'll see some more detail of that kind of that sort of representations a bit later on. What is quite interesting though is that the very probably one of the earliest bits of work in that new style. And this is a part of the same scene, while the king is shown with this lantern jaw and rather scrawny face which is part of that. At the moment, his queen is shown in the classical Egyptian style of the period directly before this. Initially, it appears that it's the king who is being shown in a revolutionary manner. But then everybody else including the queen remains for a time in more conventional way of being shown. It carries on for a while, but the transition of the queen into the revolutionary style seems to be quite a slow one. As you can see there the king on the right there is in full lantern jaw form in full in what we would call revolutionary or Amana style. But then the queen although she's no longer quite got the classical features she had in the previous one hasn't gone all the way. So it's a very interesting period, how long it lasts, a few months, we don't know of how this new style comes into existence. One of the remarkable things about the new temples, and this is something which is a which, although we haven't actually got the foundations of much of them, we've got huge quantities of blocks from which we can actually do a huge three dimensional puzzle to reconstruct those is this hallway here great with with with with six great pillars. And this seems have surrounded the main fetish the main sanctuary of the art and which may have been a reused earlier obelisk. But what's remarkable here is the fact that the only person who is shown as an efficient is not the king, which you'd normally expect in any kind of religious context in Egypt, particularly for most of the other monuments, which come from this period, but it's the queen. So she is shown here, twice with her young daughter down here, offering to the art and the art and is shown in a very unusual way, it's shown in an abstract form of a sun's dish of a sun disk with the rays coming down in the form of hands, which offer a sign of life to the nose of the queen in this particular case. And so here in the very heart of the of the new temple the new God. We have Nefertiti newly fairly newly married, perhaps only a year or so after her marriage with a very young daughter shown with her here is that is the is the is the is the major person offering. And what we see during this period is the way that Nefertiti's status probably exceeds that of almost any other Egyptian queen before her. Her dynasty the 18th dynasty had a number of very strong women involved in it, particularly the beginning of the dynasty where appears after a king had been killed in battle, his widow effectively took over the running of the army and she ends up having military decorations in her in her tomb, which we normally don't expect to find for a male. So there's not to be said but nobody but nowhere previously as evidence for a king's wife being the soul efficient in the very heart of a major temple. Also, we find her represented in this mode of smiting of smiting enemies. This is very much a male mode and she is the only Egyptian woman we know of anyway ever to be seen with in this in this pose. Indeed, the only later examples we've really got in the Nile Valley from much, much later in the in the Sudan, long after this and by which time the culture in Sudan is very much a composite African Egyptian one so you can't really really follow that but the very fact that here she is in smiting mode isn't the only example either, again is something which is unheard of for a queen prior to her. And not only is she a strong woman in life, but she also takes on a role for eternity as well. This is the sarcophagus of Akhenaten reconstructed from fragments after the end of his reign, not only was his religion taken back taken down, he was effectively as well, so his sarcophagus was smashed to fragments, but enough survivors to see what's going on here, there is the sun disk there's the sun's rays coming down. In the corners, we have got four protective female figures, and we can resume in on in on those. Now, on the Egyptian sarcophagi, the idea of having protective figures of females on the corner is not unknown. This is an example from slightly later on in time, the one of Akhenaten's successors. And here we've got on his sarcophagus for females on the corner, this case with wings. And these are the four protective goddesses of Egypt, of the Egyptian dead, Isis, Nexus, Neat and Selket. So that's fine. But those four, of course, are excluded in the new religious setup. So who are these protective divine females on the corner? Well, they're actually all Nefertiti. So we find that not only is she got exceptional status during her life, but she is the goddess of the dead effectively in the new setup. So very much. So therefore, another aspect of her unique status as a royal woman. Now in the fifth year of the reign of Akhenaten, originally it calls himself Ammonhotep IV, a link himself with the old imperial god Ammon. But Ammon is in many ways the principal victim of the move to the new single god. And Ammon is ultimately not only banished from the pantheon, but also his images and names become attacked at a later stage. But as part of the developing revolution, if one can actually, well, we can usefully call it that, there's a decision taken that the art and the new god needs to have his own hometown, and also effectively that Egypt needs a new capital city. And as such, around in year five, there is founded this new city, modern name Telemana, in Middle Egypt, but halfway between the old religious capital Luxor here and the old political capital of Memphis up here about halfway through a completely barren area as far as we can make out, which was then adopted, and then there a whole new capital city was laid out from scratch. Here we actually have from point of view of archaeology and from study of settlements. This is a wonderful example of what we can, of what was believed in the late 18th dynasty to be the ideal city. So very much so the Egyptian Canberra, Brasilia, of one which is to be less kind, Milton Keynes. And the, the boundaries of the new city was set up with a series of great boundary steely, and this is one of them. There's a whole series on both banks to the river to delineate the territory which belongs to the art and, and in these steely includes the original foundation decree of the city, and one of the things which we find in that foundation decree is the decreeing of the building of a tomb for the king, but also stating that Nefertiti was to be buried with him in his in that tomb. And this is that tomb built in a valley, some kilometers into the desert behind the city of Emana. And it's quite an interesting one because it differs from earlier royal tombs earlier royal tombs were intended really just for one burial for the king himself.  This is the first royal tomb to have whole sweets devoted for burial of members of the royal family. This one here ended up being used for some of the daughters. There are scars on the walls here indicating that there were plans to build further sweets out of here. And then this sweet here unfortunately undecorated is almost certainly intended for Nefertiti because it's effectively a duplicate of the main royal tomb, just with a bend in it, presumably the idea that the burial chamber would probably be further down here actually if it had been completed would have perhaps been in parallel without the king at the end here. And just as this is just a view inside the tomb. This is the entrance to the what is probably a Nefertiti sweet and here we can see the passageway curving round and round and down. At the bottom here, there would probably have been the burial chamber or at least the beginnings of a next next sequence because the tomb was never finished. Like pretty well everything because the whole of the Amar the whole Amarna episode was fairly short lived as it would turn out. This is a typical example of the art of the period, as you can see here the figures of the king in particular and the queen are distorted to some degree the king is shown with a lantern jaw he's shown with a prominent potbelly large buttocks. It's almost a somewhat effeminate kind of physique. Indeed an early Egyptologist suggest he might have been castrated while on campaign in Sudan, and this is the result of that. However, he is most certainly not a you know because here with Nefertiti is Nefertiti. For much of the times you can be distinguished by this flat topped crown, which is something which isn't really found by it from where one by any other Egyptian royal woman. This is a series of children, and these are the eldest three daughters, Merit Arton, who we actually saw in that earlier relief that cut from Karnak. Very very young, then Mechit Arton, and then Ankesinpa Arton, the eldest three daughters, all of whom seem to have been born by around the time that the move to Amarna took place so by by about year six, I suppose, we've probably got three of the eventually six daughters born. And here actually is the final lineup of them by year 12, which is when the tomb of Mary Ray the second which has been mentioned at the top there was completed. We have 12 we have we have the six daughters Merit Arton, Mechit Arton, Ankesinpa Arton, Nefer Nefru Arton, Tasheret, which effectively means Nefertiti junior because Nefertiti soon after her marriage had her name expanded to a full name was Nefer Nefru Arton, Nefertiti, for most of her, for most of her life. Then we have Nefer Nefru Ray and Setepen Ray, the two youngest daughters. One thing which is quite odd is the fact that while the eldest four daughters all have the name of the Arton, their father's god included in them, Setepen Ray and Nefer Nefru Ray, don't they have the old sun god Ray, who is always part of the Arton, but it's almost assumed by him, not yet here, the old god is being brought and there is clearly some subtleties going on in the theology of the time, which we can't quite grasp we know it's a case with so much of the stuff and we're looking at ancient Egyptian material is we know something is interesting is happening but quite what is slightly more of a problem. Let's say this is the evolution of the name of Nefertiti this is as when she first appears in the records, Nefertiti, which means the beautiful woman has come the beautiful woman has arrived. This has on occasion been used to argue that she was a foreign princess who had come into Egypt, because we know that the Egyptian kings certainly married a foreign prince and we actually know that Akhenaten had at least one foreign wife. However, there's no evidence that they ever became great wives at this period. And also, it could simply mean a beautiful woman, a beautiful female simply female has arrived is simply an appropriate name for a baby girl. And there are other individuals of this period who have exactly the same name, because the Egyptian, a lot of Egyptian names, they sometimes they're sort of quite sort of heavy ones relating to gods, but quite often they are quite informal. Nojmet means the sweet one. So, you know, the beautiful, the beautiful female has arrived is a perfectly reasonable name for an Egyptian female baby and say we have a number of people who most certainly are not foreign princesses of this period who have exactly this name so it's I think there's not really an issue here. But then she becomes, as I say, a couple of years, it's not long after her marriage anyways becomes Nefer Nefruaten, Nefertiti. Beauty of the beauties of the Arton. And what's quite interesting about this is that the name, they are two separate names run together, because you can see that this sign at the end here is these things are facing that way, rather than that way like the rest of them. So it's almost two names which have sort of docked end to end. So it's it's quite clear that she had her, she had two names, Nefer Nefruaten and Nefertiti. It's not just simply one of them with an epithet added on to it. And as for the rest of her titles. Well, there were a few other epithets she has but that's those are the key ones. King's great wife which means he's no senior of multiple wives, his beloved, Mr of Upper and Lower Egypt, and Lady of the two lands. Egypt will have been regarded from time immemorial as two elements, possibly reflecting a real duality in prehistoric times. But anyway, so Upper and Lower Egypt was what the king was the ruler of. Therefore, his wife also had that status and Lady of the two lands, Upper and Lower Egypt. Now as the background of Nefertiti, this is a whole lecture in its own right. I have no intention. Well, I have not had time to be able to go into all of that today. But if she's not a foreigner, where does she come from. Well, the, the probably the least unpopular theory, when we're dealing with this period, there are different reconstructions there are Egyptologists who deal with it. But that it seems a number will would would would argue that she is the daughter of a man called God's father I God's father is a title which is born by a number of other individuals in this period, and seems to be potentially interpretable as King's father-in-law. His wife is the nurse of the great wife of Nefertiti Tay. But not necessarily not is not the mother of Nefertiti which has been used as an argument against I. But another possibility is that Nefertiti's mother, an earlier wife and we know that that I had at least one previous wife prior to Tay. She may have died in childbirth with Nefertiti or otherwise died young. I remarried and that Tay as his second wife is the stepmother, and that would be a could be could be well interpreted in normal context of Egyptian titles as nurse, because there isn't a word there is no there is no term which is our stepmother. If somebody is bringing up another person's baby, well, nurse is the best title which you can probably get for that. We know a little more about one thing we do know about Nefertiti's family is she had a sister. And in this tomb scene is another quite typical tomb scene of the period with the king and queen rewarding the tomb owner who's down here at the bottom right. We have made the daughters of Akhenat and Nefertiti. We have in this scene here, a lady called on the left, called Mutt Nozmet, whose title is sister of the king's great wife Nefertiti, and her name is Mutt Nozmet. And the other thing about which says anything about her parentage so all we can do is do the implications so whether or not she is indeed a full sister whether she's a half sister being a daughter of Tay, we have no idea in the in current contexts. And she only appears for absolutely for certain in a couple of tomb representations fairly early on in the rain. So here I'm rather intriguingly the last queen of the 18th Dynasty, the wife of Horimheb, an army general, who ended up the following the extinction of the royal line at the death of Taranghamun. His wife was Mutt Nozmet. There's nothing in any of the representations of her from her from from this period, which has anything about her background. But it does seem very suspicious that we have a queen's sister, named Mutt Nozmet, and a few years later, an army general on becoming king has as his wife on the same name. The name Mutt Nozmet is a fairly common name, so we can't be absolutely certain about this. But I think most people take it did I think very very suspicious that you've got the sister of Nefertiti, and later on, the wife of King Horimheb is Mutt Nozmet. The question of whether or not Nefertiti had any male children has been one of the most pernicious of the period. Some have argued that because only daughters are ever shown with her in the tomb and temple representations which we have, therefore there couldn't be a son. However, that ignores the fact that for reasons which remain unclear, down until this period, it was unheard of for royal sons to appear on major monuments. For some reason they were perfectly okay for kings to be shown with their daughters, but not their sons. And even in the reign of Amenhotep III, the predecessor of Akhenaten, we have representations of him during his Jubilee ceremonies with his wife, his daughters, but no sons. Yet we know at that point there were two sons alive. There was Akhenaten and his elder brother who died prematurely and that's the reason why Akhenaten becomes the king. So to ask for a representation of a male child at this period is asking for something which until that time was something which didn't ever happen. However, towards the end of the reign, we have these two blocks surviving, which are from a temple at Amarna. These are examples just like those that back at Karnak were dismantled after Akhenaten's demise. But here we've got on one side, one which talks about a king's son of his body, Tutankhuaten, who is the silly same person as the later king Tutankhamun, when he first comes to throne Tutankhamun is called Tutankhamun, citing the name of his father's god. The next to it is a another block, king's daughter of his body, which seems to be only restorable as the name van Kessenpaarten, the third daughter of Akhenaten. As she is clearly as the woman on the right or left there is clearly an offspring of Akhenaten Nefertiti, what the implication would seem to seem to be that the king who the son is on the other side is also an offspring. And this is a very much a contractual reconstruction of how that block would have fitted in. So perhaps this kind of double a double scene with Akhenaten on one side, Nefertiti on the other, one with her daughter, on the other side with their son. So I think the arguments are pretty, you can make a very good argument for Tutankhamun actually being the son of Akhenaten Nefertiti. There are a whole load of issues surrounding some genetic work which was done about 10 years ago. But to say not really, there's not really, that is probably a whole lecture in its own right. But I think you can, you can, you can make the genetics and this actually tie up. The high point really for Akhenaten and Nefertiti seems to have been the 12th regnal year when there was some major festival. We know of it from representations, a couple of tombs. It's been sometimes called the derbar user taking off term from British imperial history. But basically it seems to be a major celebration where most of the known world came to Amarna and bringing gifts. And here is one of the two scenes which shows part of that. So very much what actually the year 12 derbar was all about is again a matter of debate. Everything in Egypt always tends to be a matter of debate to some degree or other. But my suggestion is it's actually marking the completion of the major building phase at Amarna. It starts in year six, six years later, you might expect to have the city something like ready and why not have a big party to market. However, the party may have brought gifts, but it may also brought disease. And in these days of social distancing, this is kind of thing if you've got somebody's got something. This is a perfect super spreader event again to use what little terminology we've suddenly become an adept at using. And it seems too much of a coincidence that within a couple of years of this event, we're seeing large scale deaths in the royal family. And in the royal tomb, the side room here is that was decorated to for the death of the burial of the second daughter, Mekhet Arton, who is seen in the year 12 derbar scene. But then when a short period afterwards, she's she's dead and gone. And here we've got that morning scene. Here she is lying on her beer unfortunately the figure is almost destroyed the label text, and her hand is visible. And in parallel she's also shown in probably statue form in a bower here, where she is being mourned by her parents and three of her sisters. And that's quite significant because it appears that Mekhet Arton wasn't the first daughter to die to the two youngest daughters had died shortly before as well. So again, something which does suggest some kind of epidemic, which might which may have taken them away. There is a much debate has been brought about by the fact there is this baby being suckled outside the death chamber here. And a number of books have sort of states almost the fact that Mekhet Arton died in childbirth. There's an issue here in that she's probably too young to have been able to conceive a child. And also, there are two more similar death scenes, both with also children being suckled outside the death chamber. In Egyptian art, you never show how a person dies, or even implications of how they die. And also say the fact doesn't seem like you've got three all dying in childbirth and the other two are definitely very definitely too young to have conceived. And it's been suggested this is actually a representation of what the Amarna take was on an Egyptian on the idea of rebirth is always always been present in Egyptian funerary belief. And it's rather more made more than more explicit because during this period, Egyptian religion is thrown up in the air and quite honestly, there's nothing, there's very little about it, which takes direct, you can directly link to how things were done prior to this. That seems to be a part of the part better in explanation for this. Well, it has to be very careful that not jumping to conclusions and say, and a lot of what I call zombie facts floating around a bright idea by some previous Egyptologist has then been taken and run with as a fact. And I say, Mekhet Arton may have been the third daughter dying a short period of time because on this wall here. We have a damaged version to have two death scenes very very similar in composition, including the nursing nursing child here. And these may well be the youngest two daughters never never array to teppenray. So it looks as though within a couple of years of the derby if not sooner. You've got three half the half the daughters are dead. And so that's what we seem to have. And the fact that these are nefenefru rense teppenray is rather suggested by the fact that in the morning scene of Mekhet Arton here, alongside the king and queen. There are those three daughters suggest and there, and you would expected had the other two youngest girls been alive when Mekhet Arton died. They would have been there in that scene. Just talking about some zombie facts for a moment about things which have passed into history as reality when actually probably aren't. In the 1920s excavations at a manor at this place called Maru Arton is a model of the of this particular area. Which attempt a temple complex blocks were found where the names of a royal wife had been erased and replaced by those of the eldest daughter met Merit Arton. At that time in the 1920s the only known wife of Arton was Nefertiti, and therefore it was assumed there had been some kind of falling out, and that rapidly became the facts of history. And there was this rather nice Salernoed Woolly here, well before his triumphs excavating at Ur. This was his reasoning in a very sort of rather typically 20s kind of way, suggesting that there had been some kind of falling out between the king and queen. And he fails to notice anywhere in this in this sort of in his purple prose here though is that nowhere else has this happened everywhere else to the manor. Nefertiti remains perfectly intact. So, if it's being done here. Okay that might be an issue, but I think trying to extend it to a complete falling out becomes slightly problematic. But this has passed into history, passed into so stuff you're told to guide school in Egypt, and you get, this is what you get told on site. Nowadays, by many, many guides anyway.  And the whole thing was actually scotch complete scotch mist, because it wasn't Nefertiti being erased at all. It was actually a second wife called Kia, who, and for her we only came to know about in the 1960s. It was the same to know about her. Then we started was then realized these reliefs from the work 40 odd years previously, actually were also erasures of Kia. So it was a Kia who Akinan had falling out with not Nefertiti says a whole but but but but these things are embedded in the literature that it's almost impossible to get rid of them, often because nobody has actually goes back to what was the reason for having this fact included in history to start with. So, it's still difficult to try and sort of unpick this. But there was no evidence whatsoever for Nefertiti having had a falling out with her husband. It was, it was Kia who the problems arose with. And just to say that that top that top scene now in the cars will get protect in in Copenhagen has recently been matched with a block in now in New York. It's just a nice example of how ongoing research not only new excavations, but just simply people looking at material, which had long since passed into museum collections have been able to put bits and pieces back together again. You know the part one of the reasons why the idea that I have a teacher fallen from grace was that after the morning scenes for her dog for the daughters in the in the royal tomb, she appeared disappear from view completely she was there in year 12, the daughter deaths are soon after that same year 30 she just seemed apparently disappeared. And there were some who suggested that she might have died at this stage, one of her shabby figures one of the magical servant figures for the afterlife exists. This is a fragment in the Louvre is another fragment in Brooklyn. And so therefore there were lots of arguments as to know why that might, if she died, whether she'd been destroyed all those kinds of things that why she disappeared. But then in 2012 in up here in what he did Abu Hinnis a little bit to the north of a manor, a Belgian expedition had been copy, examining a series of queries, which had been used for the bill for collecting stone for the building of a manor here in Corrie 320. In the quarry, my other pillars holding up the ceiling of what where the stone been removed. They found a graffiti in Egyptian hieratic script. In it, there was a mention of a year 16 of Nefertiti and I can art and dies in his year 17 so here we've actually got rather than this and if he's having disappeared as it so long had been assumed. She was only a year before her husband's death. So suddenly the whole question of her disappearing becomes and the arguments about what, what lay behind that death disgrace or whatever, all fall apart because she's still perfectly happily around. But by that time, a year before her husband's death, Egypt was a significantly different place. Probably as a result of the pestilence, which may, which we're suggesting might have been in Egypt as a result of the Durbar. Not soon after that, he appointed a co region to co ruler called spend her a who was married to Akinat and Nefertiti's eldest daughter. Exactly where this co regency fits again is a matter have been a matter of debate, but I have generally argued that it should be placed here, so not long after the Durbar. And in any case, if you're quite short lived and certainly and every indication is it's over long before Akinat himself is dead. And it's with the demise of spend her a whose origins are another matter of debate. Nefertiti seems to get a promotion because there is this unfinished stealer, which shows two naked rulers, each wearing royal crowns, the so called blue crown here and the double crown here. Unfortunately, the cartridges are all blank and these cartridges up here would have held these are the ovals containing royal or sometimes divine names. These would originally have had been labels for the art and up here. And these are the cartridges to label the people here. It's immediately clear these cannot be two kings, because there are only three cartridges, a king, a fully fledged Egyptian King has to have two cartridges. So therefore this is a king and a queen. And therefore these can only be Akinat and Nefertiti. But the fact is that whichever one is Nefertiti it's probably this one if you look at the physique, although the chest area of Akinat is normally quite feminine. This actually looks far more like a genuine female breast. So this is probably nothing, but she is wearing a proper King's crown, not a queen, not the headdress which she had as a queen. So it looks as though probably after death of Smenchare, she is promoted to being a what I'm calling I would call a crowned queen, not quite all the way to being a female pharaoh and there were female pharaohs, but well on the way to it. So there we have her there as crowned queen. So before Akinat's death she did actually make it to fall female pharaoh. This strip from a box found in Tutankhamun names, the royalties who are floating around at the very end of Akinat and Drain. And we have King Akinat and King Nefenefruat and remember Nefenefruat and was one of the names of Nefertiti so when become now becoming full female King, she has dropped the Nefertiti part but maintained the Nefenefruat. And also there is a name of their eldest daughter Meritarten, who is either here as dowager of Smenchare or possibly she is also acting at carrying out the ritual role of Queen now that both her parents are kings. So what we now seem to have is that in the last few months of Akinat and Drain before his death. What happens next, however, is a bit more or another matter for debate. This is just an example of how one of these things makes it clear that Nefertiti transitioned to being a crowned queen or full pharaoh. As you can see the crown on this heading in Hanover is made of a separate piece of stone from the rest rather inferior piece of stone from the rest. And but when we look very closely at how that has been fitted on, it's clear that it supersedes the typical crown of Nefertiti. So it starts off as being a statue of her as queen, then becomes her as king. Let's say Akinat and dies year 17 cleared it. What happens next, though, is where the interesting bit comes in. We know that soon after hit after his death anyway we have a new royal couple to turn out and and and Kesson pattern, who I would argue are both full siblings, children of Nefertiti and Akinat and there's no doubt that Nefertiti and Khartan is that, but their children to don Khartan is only eight or so, and therefore is not able of course to rule on his own. So we have two sort of possible situations here. One is that Nefa Nefruat and has an independent carries on ruling as independent ruler, and then on her demise to turn Khartan becomes king. So one of my personal favour is that as she starts off her existence as a co ruler with her husband, that appointment might actually have been to guarantee the succession of their son. So that I would argue what you then have is that Nefa Nefruat and the former Nefertiti is running what ruling in parallel with her son. So we have this sort of group ruling. The period is a matter of some retrenchment, because we have this graffiti dated to year three of Nefa Nefruat and which is talking which is actually written by the priest of Ammon. So within three years with how whatever you do with the exact succession within three years, Ammon who been complete anathema under Akinat and is back. This is about the, this is the last time we see Nefa Nefruat and the former Nefertiti because although they there is now as reproachments we even find that to turn Khartan in this particular case, worshipping Ammon and his wife, so therefore clearly the the the removal of Ammon from the panther is now over. And Nefa Nefruat and that the end of her life was not as she might have wanted it, it's just by the fact that a number of her funerary items were not used for her burial, but actually were used in the burial of Tutankhamun later a few years later. So it all indicates that Nefa Nefruat was not buried as a king, suggesting therefore that the end of her life may not have been of the best. And there is a there are some arguments around identifying her body which come in here, but again, not time for this afternoon. Then with her gone, there is a full scale restoration it does appear that that during that period of time in some kind of rapprochement between Atan and Ammon that doesn't last this stealer dating to soon after Nefa Nefruat and his death as far as we can tell is for a full scale return to normality Tutankhamun becomes Tutankhamun and the stages set for return to something like the way before although things were significantly different afterwards. So, we have Tutankhamun becomes king, and not long after that a full reaction takes place, but only is the art and removed from the pantheon but attacks are made on the images of those associated with him. And here, for example, we have one of many examples where both Nefertiti and Akhenaten have been attacked in tomb chapels at Ammona. But even though she clearly was being removed from ancient history she has reappeared in modern history. She was rediscovered in the late 19th century, and the discovery of the famous head has really brought a superstar status. And this is a huge, a huge replica of that head, which greets you when you're just approaching the city of Minya in modern Egypt, where the, which is the area where Ammona lay. So that has been a very, very brief overview of what at least I think is going on as far as Nefertiti is concerned. If you read somebody else's writings on her, you'll find some completely different views that say Egyptologists like that I'm afraid. So if you want to sort of to explore some of the things I've talked about this afternoon, and also some of the things I've alluded to, which I'm not really able to fit into into into into this short lunchtime lecture. This is the book which Chris mentioned in his introduction. So, hopefully that gives you some feel for Nefertiti and happy to answer any questions. Thank you very much for such a crystal clear overview of new thinking. We do have not surprisingly some some questions coming through. The first one is from Hazel Gray and it concerns smiting. She asks, are there not even any representations of Hatshepsut smiting enemies? I'm not aware of any fragments thereof. It wouldn't surprise me if there were had been some of her, but bear in mind that Hatshepsut is a female king, not a queen. And so therefore any representations of her in smiting mode would be in full pharyonic mode, not as a royal wife. This is the thing about Nefertiti. Nefertiti becomes a female pharaoh, but those representations of smiting, she is there in royal wife mode rather than in pharaoh mode. Eddie Duggan would like to know, was cancelling someone by destroying a sarcophagus and dismantling temples a rare or relatively rare event in the new kingdom or in other periods? It is relatively rare, but when somebody is regarded in negatively, it happens. Happens to Hatshepsut, her material is her representations are removed. It's not so common with royalty, but certainly with a lot of people who've got private enemies. If you go around some of the private tombs at Luxor, you will find quite often that some would attack names and the eyes have been hacked out. So yeah, I think the thing is the Egyptians believed that representation was a real thing, if you know what I mean. It was a manifestation of the person, so therefore harming the image was a way of getting at them ritually anyway. And there's a follow-up, a similar question from Isabella, who asks, why and when were Nefertiti and Akhenaten removed from the heart? I think you've said the why. Well, it certainly has happened by the reign of Sati I, because we've got a king list from the reign of Sati I, which jumped straight from Amnhotep III to Horimheb. It misses out all the problematic kings. So the decision is certainly made by then. There's a general assumption it probably happens under Horimheb, but all we can say is it has certainly been done and is probably dusted by Sati I's reign in the early in the 19th dynasty. So we're talking about, because you've got Horimheb, Ramesses I, Sati I, so very much it's in that kind of period anyway. And also then there's also then a subsequent continued reuse of material, like many of the blocks which came from Amman originally were then used in the foundations of buildings of Ramesses II. So it's very late 18th, early 19th, but probably it's all over by Ramesses II because by that time nobody really cares anymore. It's probably while people who were around at the time, they're the ones who care about taking them out. And finally, a question from Arthur, who I cannot identify further than that, who asks, is there evidence to suggest Kia in some way fell from favour, as opposed to, for instance, being another victim of illness. Now I think she definitely fell from favour because you've got the, she is actually hacked out. So therefore her names are very much taken out of that block I showed, a couple of blocks I showed, even that representation from Copenhagen I showed, her head has been recut to look like Meritarten rather than Kia. So she is very definitely taken out. Also her coffin gets reused for the burial of probably Smenchare as along with her canopic jars. So yeah, Kia is very, very definitely taken out. Thank you. And John Titterman asks, is there a suggestion that the heir of a king was his son-in-law, therefore the son had to marry his sister to succeed his father? That's an old 19th century theory, it's another zombie, another zombie fact. Not a mummy fact. No, that was a nice bit of 19th century anthropology, looking at sort of matriarchal societies and things like that. Now when you look at the evidence, it is definitely the eldest son of the king who is the heir. There also seems to be a serenity of presentation to the people, nominating him as heir, then he carries out the burial of his father to sort of cement the whole thing. On the other hand though, I suppose probably in if there is no male heir, a king's son-in-law is clearly going to be a high on the list of potential. But the old idea that the right to the throne went down the female line is complete junk. It's one of those wonderful theories when you start unpicking the assumptions which lay behind it. You suddenly start realising well, there is a couple of cases where you have to do some amazing mental somersaults to actually make it work. So that's one of the old zombie facts.