Thank you. This is joint work with my colleagues Daniel Genkin, Mihir Patami and Roy Schuster and it addresses a problem of grave importance for many researchers, which is the following. When we have that video conference with a colleague and they appear somewhat distracted or disengaged, is that because they are pondering the open problems that we have posed to them or because they are browsing the blockchain? Now, they probably have a webcam for the video conference, but it's pointing away from the screen. They also have a microphone placed in proximity to the screen, which raises the question, can we listen in on their screen? That is, are there acoustic side channels emanated by screens? To investigate this, we started by setting up a simple cover channel detection methodology. We rendered simple zebra stripes across the screen of various thickness and we recorded them using a microphone. And we observed that as we changed the thickness of the zebra stripes, the acoustic signature changes and the spectral line shift. Clearly, if different zebras have different acoustic signatures, there is image dependent leakage. You can observe this leakage on LED and LCD screens for many manufacturers and of different models, including old ones as well as fresh ones of Amazon. And in all of these screens, we can observe this acoustic van Eck, if you will, that reveals the content of the screens by the movements of the frequency contents. You can record this by many commodity microphones such as webcams or the entailer microphones built into many screens, phones, and to jump on the Internet of Things bandwagon, even your favorite digital assistant smart speaker that would also conveniently store that captured all of your own in the cloud for future reference. You can even measure these signals from afar, say, 10 meters away using our favorite parabolic dish and get the same signals. Now, what are these signals? To dig in, it's most convenient to start by a synthetic image. For example, this one portraying zebra stripes punctuated by a black rectangle. And if you record using a microphone, a screen as it's rendering this, you'll probably see an image similar to the following where that punctuation in the middle is clearly visible within the time trace during a single rendering of a single frame. And what we're actually observing for this screen is the line intensity modulated onto a 32 kilohertz acoustic carrier. In order to exploit this, you need to cope with additional challenges. There is significant frequency drift and time jitter, there is abundant noise, and there is redundancy between frames that we would like to exploit. We cope with this using custom digital signal processing algorithms and trace merging, piped into deep learning, using a convolutional neural networks, culminating in a classifier that can tell what your colleague is up to. The optimistic. We can this way distinguish not just the nature of the activity, but also which website is being browsed between 100 websites with excellent accuracy. We can extract text that is rendered on screen, and in case the victim is typing on a virtual on-screen keyboard, we can extract the keystrokes. All of this goes to show that indeed the picture is worth a thousand words, because by the time you've spoken a thousand words, we probably detected which picture you're looking at. And for additional words, please see our paper. Thank you.


pour it all over the motor.  Oh yeah. So we got the Rust-Oleum Gloss Sunrise Red, that's what we're going to be using, and as you can see this is a very bright, bright red, it's got a lot of life, got a lot of color to it, it's going to stand out pretty well. She's pretty much dry, we let it sit overnight, and now we're going to lay the color down on the engine block today, pour it all over the motor.  Oh yeah. So we got the Rust-Oleum Gloss Sunrise Red, that's what we're going to be using, and as you can see this is a very bright, bright red, it's got a lot of life, got a lot of color to it, it's going to stand out pretty well. All right, so we're going to get our paintbrush, we're going to start laying the paint down, so stay tight. Let's turn it on. So here we go, so we got the first coat of the red down on the whole entire block, and I think we're going to do one more coat when this dries, but it's laying down pretty good. It's still really, still, it's still really wet, so we'll come back here later and I'll show you what it looks like when it's completely cured. We're going to see what it looks like when it completely dries, because we got, and you can see like we got a little, we got some spots that may need a second coat to completely cover it, but she's laying down pretty good. It's a really, really bright red. Looks real nice, like it, like it. What you guys think? Put a comment down there below. Really, really nice red. Like I said, this red has a lot of life, a lot of color to it, a lot of pop, stands out really good, super bright. Oh yeah. So there you go guys. Super easy. Do it yourself in your own garage with simple materials you can find at the Home Depot or our hardware store. For the amount of material that we use, we probably use five dollars worth of material. We have tons of product left that we could probably paint 50 more engines with if we wanted to, or other projects down the road, so you can't beat it. It's really good stuff and it works well. So stay tuned for the rest of the updates and installs that we're going to be putting in this engine block. Don't forget, give the video a thumbs up, comment down below what you think, and we'll see you guys on the next one.


Hi, I'm Anthony, and what if I told you that as a gaming YouTuber there's only one tip you'll ever need? Interested? Keep watching to find out more. Freedom partners meet TIP. TIP, previously in the dashboard as GG or Gain Giveaways, has now been rebranded as TIP, the influencer project. This project will allow you to gain keys, software keys, and many other things online as digital goods for you to review using your videos, etc. Each individual one of these has its very own set of criteria that you have to fulfill in order to get everything that is listed. So let's go ahead, go through a few and see what's going on. As you can see within TIP we have added certain safeguards so that everyone has to participate in order to continue using the system. This means that for every three keys that you check out, at the very minimum there should be two reviews that you check back. We do give you a little bit of leeway in case the software doesn't run on your machine or in case something else goes wrong. So let's take a look at these titles and see what's going on. First we're going to take a look at Bear With Me. We're going to click on that and you can see that you can claim a key. You click on this and it will generate a key for either the game or something dealing with the game depending on what is outlined here. Now here it tells you about the game itself as well as the conditions that you have to meet for the game. So for instance you have, it says that by redeeming a key you must make a review video or content surrounding that title. So maybe even a let's play will work. That could be something that you could think about doing. After creating a video on the title please revisit the dashboard and submit it here. So you can paste your video URL here and submit that. Now once you do that with any title within tip or again the influencer project what's going to happen is a human being here at the freedom office is going to review it and make sure that it is indeed a review for that game and that the video does belong to you and that way you will be able to count that one as done. You can then check out more keys and keep that going. This is also a way that we use to weed out bad actors when there are some. So we're going to go ahead and click off of that and we'll take a look at a few of these other ones. Doorways the underworld. This is something that's been in the dashboard since the very beginning. One of our developers that really does enjoy working with us. So as you can see each one of these does have a YouTube video that is attached to it. Sometimes this will give you more information other times it will give you a feel for the title or the software and you can don't even try to bother redeeming this key because I already redeemed it and did a review. But so this also gives you an idea of what the what it is what the value is so that way you can tell your audience what the title costs and really make sure that they are as informed as possible which is really helpful when you're doing a review. And of course more conditions and how all that works. As you can see here for testing reasons I put in the wrong video and my video got rejected that is I had to pull up the one that we used to test that but that and now that we know that that works. Okay so we're going to wait and click off of that. As you can see we have many tiers we have the bronze tier the silver tier and the gold tier. There's also one under here that if you qualify for it will show up and it's called the platinum tier. These are here so that you can see what is like let's say you're not able to take advantage of these silver or gold tiers you can always see what's going in and maybe it'll give you a little bit of incentive and motivation for hitting those tiers. Alright so let's go ahead and sign off from here however if you have any questions comments matters of concern if you have any games or software titles you'd like to see within this system let us know in the comments section and we will try to do the best we can to get everything. Of course we do this on a very one-on-one basis with these developers so a lot of times triple A titles are not something that we can do because these are individual deals with individual people and small companies because that's just the way we like to do it. Anyways if you have any other questions comments matters of concern leave them in the comment section down below. Until next time don't forget to like subscribe and do all those things and make us love our jobs also be awesome to yourself and amazing to each other. Bye Freedom Family


Well, we're reaching close to the end of the first day of a very successful presentation. It's wonderful, wonderful information and fascinating stuff. But we have yet to go. The Queen of the Mall, I think, is the star of the show. I think it's the best for our grant program. So it's my pleasure to briefly introduce to you Javier from Central Santa Cruz, who is selected out of a pretty impressive pool of applicants from the travel grant from the IAS. And he reflects a lot of things that we're trying to do to mix it up between older established scholars, younger, very quickly advanced scholars and such. It's a really tremendous situation. And Javier, one hands down beyond doubt. Just a quick word or two about him. He's got a bachelor's and an essentiality degree from the IAS, San Antonio de Abad de Cusco. And he is currently the director of the Proyecto de Investigación Arqueológica Innisfiria de Pampa. And if you're like me, you've been sort of tragedy struck that you've only seen newspaper accounts, maybe websites or something like that concerning the discoveries in this area of history of Pampa related to the Warring period.  That's not it. Somebody got mixed up here and you're combining the two articles. Well, not so. It really is the case. And so, like yourselves, I'm looking very much forward to hearing about Ocupación, Wari, and El Espezo. Javier. Thank you. Well, first of all, I want to thank the U.S. Institute of American Studies for the invitation to be here. And also to the organizers, to the speakers who have attended to get to know their different works of archaeological research and, as well as to all the people who have attended, this academic event. The work that I'm considering, we have called the U.S. U.S. U.S. U.S. U.S. First of all, to speak about the U.S. U.S. U.S. U.S. U.S. is a place where two great sculptures have been accepted. The first one is from Wari. It's a character from the U.S. U.S. U.S. U.S. U.S. The second one is the last capital of the Inca resistance, starting with Manco Inca and then with the execution of Tupac Amaro, where the information is really exquisite I'm going to talk a little bit about the location that is located in the province of the Conviación Distrito de Icavapa region of Cusco. To access this route, we have two routes. The first route is a carousel route from Cusco to Valle de San Miguel and then to Inglés to Espíritu Pago. Before, it was almost nine hours to enter this place. And the other route, which is known as the historic route, is where Mankoínca is reflected towards what should be the Icavapa. The carousel route reaches Pampatón and then it is accessed with a two-way or three-way route. The recommendation is this route where you can visit what would be the last capital of the Icavapa. This is the Planta de Espíritu Pampa. It is really extensive, it is only a park that we are showing you. It should be in the different sectors of the 14th century. We have a carousel that is more than 80 meters long. And the different sectors that we are in, sectors of the 20th century, etc. We have a carousel that has been in the work of the research of the Icavapa in 2011. And as a result of this work, it was done in the discovery of Mr. Levis Cadamba. Among the cronists, many of them only mention what they want to do with Icavapa, but they don't mention what they want to do with Espíritu Pampa. Mr. Levis Cadamba has already made a mention of the contemporary scholars who have left Icavapa in the 19th century to Espíritu Pampa. And one of the characters that is also present is Vincent Lee, who makes a contribution to the project of Pusco, who makes a contribution to the development of all those sectors. It is really interesting and the contribution that the Planta de Espíritu Pampa does to all its sectors. Among the archaeological works, we have many of them, that have been in the works since 2002. There we also have Asakai, who makes a development of this space in 3D, of the whole Espíritu Pampa community. Mr. Levis Cadamba and my person who has been working since 2008 to 2014, and later to today. These are two photographic views that you can see. The silver sheet, which is really difficult to see, with the artworks in these areas, and how we find it. And then, this is the space, and it is the moment of the wave of this agressive vegetation and the storm of the area, to start our archaeological research work. Once all this material has been removed, you can see, that we have made 5 trenches of 10 x 2, in which we reached an architecture that did not correspond to the Inca. The Alfarero material, which was not Inca, was of the Meña horizon. Later, we changed our, our strategy of excavations, we made it in Aria, and you can see these spaces. Unfortunately, in the 70s, this space was blocked by the azalea that inhabited this place. You can see a large amount of lytic material, the walls, the wall heads, etc. And at the bottom, you can see the topographic behavior, where you can see what comes to be the main tunnel of the Inca. A context, and other, mentally, only the structures and the bases that were evacuated. This place is known as the Inca-cao-Pamba sector. At present, this is all the space. Until 2018, when we made our archaeological research work, and this is the last tunnel that is left at the temple of the Guaya capital, and that is the largest you can see. The main path of this temple, here is another path, and at the top, you can see the circular structures, that one is in the Inca-cao-Pamba, and at the bottom, is the Guaya-Pamba. This is a plant plan, you can see that it is similar to what I would have done with Chopata. This is a structure that was completed in 2011, and this part that you can see is the one that I showed earlier. Actually, the information is very long, I'm going to try to give a little more summary. This is an offer that is on the other side of the wall. This is a tunnel that I'm going to expand, this is a funeral structure in which, unfortunately, it was destroyed, but we can see the constructive characteristics it has. Here we see what should be a sealed structure. We didn't find anything, we only found a landslide, which would give us some information that we have been seeing that it is for future landslides, or also to store different products. This is a funeral structure that is located in this one, that has been completed by Chopata. This is an offer, really interesting, cultural material, that is located in the middle. You can see, once you have forgotten about the temporary landslides, you can see the large amount of that part that I showed earlier, which is the wall, which is made up of texts and offerings. This is the main offer, and unfortunately, it was destroyed. This is a funeral structure, really interesting, it is a rectangular structure with the walls, and the middle is divided into rectangular blocks, which have approximately 1.7 meters of height. In this space, it was where to deposit the offering, part of the offering, and in this space, it was where to deposit the individual, it was like a cage, really an interesting context. And part of that funeral context, we have these elements, some bottles, material, weapons of war, and elements that have entered this funeral context. Well, this is the offering that you can see in the middle, which is made up of different objects, in a Wario style, as you can see. Here we have a local production, it is a production that the natives or the Achani, the Achani or the pyros, are made up of material. But the shape is Wario, the iconography is also Wario. Part of this offering can also be seen sectorals of silver, for the knees, the cannibals, you could say, and tools, which indicate that the spirit and the panther are elaborating metals. The elements of the sun are the Chonta, which the natives use to use us for war, or at home. This is the Chonta that they are using in the hands, and it is part of the evidence that you can appreciate. Here we have textiles, all the metals have been wrapped in textiles, but the metal is not. It is a place, a divine age. All this organic material comes to decompose. We only find it in all contexts of what comes to be the indenture. Organic material comes to decompose. Another context that broke the natural floor. Later you can appreciate the structure of the interior. We find the Mercury sulfur, which in all contexts has been associated with the projectiles, with the knives. The upper part is where the offering is located, the natural floor, and is in the deposit of this material. Remember, again, the material that is offered in the material of the Guari style, we have a knife, a screwdriver, a teflon of silver that is evidenced. And also this material that is found in textiles. What corresponds to a bowl or a bowl, with a silver finish, we only find it. Well, well, in the U.S., there is much more cultural content that is offering in the context of the Guari style. Another U.S. in D. You can see the straight wall on the right side. There you can see what the occupancy floor is. This is a tower, the upper part is a double floor tower. And here you find several funerary contexts and offerings. The process of work and there you can see the different funerary contexts. This is an offering, a funerary context a funerary context that has a shape of an inverted dome. The shape is interesting as it has been designed. It is very impressive. And that is another context. You can see the shape of how its tubes are sealed. A funerary context, a funerary context and an offering in the upper part. Another offering and another important offering inside this space. Here you can see how it has been distributed and divided by these modes. The concentration of the funerary contexts is found in this space. An offering and then the contents. Part of an offering inside this of everything that is of these structures you find a well-organized and well-selected earth. Both the funerary contexts also have the same behavior. Another funerary context part of this offering we can see the material of the local production of the style of Wari. The different materials are also in plate tubes. The individual can only indicate what we found in what they wanted to do. This is another funerary structure that is shaped of an inverted dome. Inside it is divided by sections. It is impressive how this funerary structure was made. Part of the objects related to this dome is the material of the fibrates. Here you can see a local production of the fibrates and the fibrates which are owners of this space. They have a local production of the different styles that are found in this of what they wanted to do. An offering of local production and imported material. A funerary context of a floral cantilever of the Chakipampa style and also associated with the individual that we found in the dome. Another funerary structure is a local production where you can appreciate the design of the fibrates that you are working on in this ceramics. Inside there is an iconography of a Uari style that is inside this glass. This is a piece of music that they are working on in units of the area. Another funerary context is a local production of the fibrates and the tools associated with the obsidian. These fibrates are the basis of the funerary structures. It was where the individual was represented but the vast majority of these fibrates are with an ornament part of the offering that you can see inside. And as we also see the part of the offering that we have in our presentations that correspond to the tools of the obsidian and this is a texture of silver that is similar to the evidence of a kakamaka as part of a wakere or kebubo if you can see the representation of our propofas it is similar to the spirit of Tapa. Another structure in D with another structure in D in this space we also do not find any event or any funerary context of the funerary structures even if there is a kakamaka style that is being found inside these obsidian but we are not finding any funerary context but this is the funerary structures that we find in different styles imported and also from the area. This is a funerary context that has a shape of a boat where it deposits in this part and it is interesting in its cultural content and subsequently it is where it deposits in the interior. This has been more or less a meter and a half of material that seems to be a material of cement if you are a kakamaka you do not find anything and we find what we had to do a funerary context This is part of this offering that we find in different styles the material of the boat where it is represented on the funerary side in pairs they are offering to their individuals and you can see the different styles that we are evaluating part of this offering we have a kajamaka style we have these representations and if you can see this is the representation of a little monkey in the area you can see the ears and the wings correspond to the hands it is a local production that is being produced in this space part of the offering are these elements that we find these elements are distributed that we are finding inside the same captain and as well as outside of the captain part of the offering are all these materials of Tupus in silver here we see the material that was distributed in different parts both in the same captain in Ayacucho and as well as outside outside of the Pusco department we see the people of 103 Dr. Patricia Noblog who is the one who does the study and these materials are distributed in different parts of the area and in the area another context that is related to this structure unfortunately it was distributed but we are going to see what is being done in silver with another representation associated with what is being done in silver it was more than half a moon and in this space is where the offering is located well this is another architectural unit this unit is where what comes to be the main tomb of the lord of Cavallo here we see a funerary context that is below the counterfeit of this world unfortunately it was broken another funerary context this is an offering an offering a context where only mythical elements are found with a mass earth that the gods used as dual elements how could they do the form of chairs that they offended their death a funerary context that was finished in the natural sun where half of this plate was associated with the elements of women tools for the creation of the ceramics that are in this surprise also tools and a funerary context and what comes to be the character that we talk about of the lord of Cavallo the water water the distribution of the funerary context and the offerings that are in this exhibition this is the tomb it has a 1 meter diameter with a height of 1 meter 70 these plates are 1 meter 1 meter 60 or 1 meter 65 which will be sealed all this structure has been sealed with this clay all the technical units were sealed with this clay there you can see what I wanted to tell you that mass earth was not selected it was made up of all the funerary context in the offerings this type 5A it is a very young studio you can see it better in which it is decorated as the 5A and this is also what Quanchopata comes to say and also in different parts of the cruzco area but they are all empty only structures are found we find a marked context that corresponds to a character I will indicate there is all this space of what they wanted to do of spirit and power you can see the funerary context is a silver texture you can see the mascarade you can see this red color it has been painted not only the funerary context are associated with this element part of what they wanted to do the 20 wheels these representations the pelinical commands the center and the vacuum are inside this object you can see here something shiny those are the detection arms there you can see part of the funerary part of this character this character according to the analysis it was bought from 8 to 9 only part of the inventory it has a estimated age more or less 25 to 35 years of age the character who used this space I will talk about it later and part of what the text is the soft tissue at the time of the withdrawal is in nothing this character as you can see corresponds to the person who used this space this is the bracelet it has a pechera these representations pelinical commands and what comes to be a bucket and a set which has been made with a bucket the bucket is a primer which is used by the natives of the area and it has been lined with a silver sheet these are the gold bracelets they are represented in these pelinical commands there you can see these lentils which have been printed or carried in the end as well as the facial arrangements which Dr. Patricia has made an analysis of these lentils here you can see something of 14 figures, 7 on the left and 7 on the right these are the representations of these lentils which do not look like one to the other this would indicate that for the elaboration of these characters they have participated or as well they may have been the rulers who were inside this space of the bucket apart from the depth we also have these lentils which we don't do as the famous chess pieces which are some of the 600 figures of these lentils we see that in Espíritu Papa not only this character we find we find other characters but not at this level that we have found in Espíritu Papa we see that in Espíritu Papa this is the same of this space another context you can see of what a circular pectoral has been associated for a while at this level only the dentist we find another funerary context there is this bottle with the representation of another comorfa of the plant a pectoral that needs to be preserved circular are a touch not only the individual we have the denture for the constructive characteristics we can indicate that the character the way it was it was in the next position an offering and you can see of these lentils in these characters there is a lot of information about these data a slightly distorted context but we find part of what would have to be a pectoral of the plant and these elements of these pectoral we are finding in different spaces we see chachapoyas there is a museum inside of what is exactly what we are finding in Poma Canche, in El Cusco not only there are pectorals of these we have the identity in Espíritu Pampa we can indicate that in Espíritu Pampa there are gold canteras silver canteras it was a place where these metals were produced and possibly they were imported to other places this is the major temple where we found Espíritu Pampa and only this part of this space was discovered it was still missing this place and where we found very interesting things really and you can see the photo of the place this is an offering where it is made up of a crown of silver associated with a vase another vase without decoration of a pectoral in this space we find what they are doing an offering of a chameleon more or less of three years of age more or less of the year and all this space is really missing because what we found in the funeral contexts is under the floors there is no element in the upper part one or the other is where we find the funeral contexts and the offerings this is a small structure where it was a place where they made their magical and religious ceremonies for their deities or for their temples this structure is really what we wanted to do the same capital we have these these niches inside of the conserved characteristics spirit of papacy a very important role inside of the Wario song we only have the evidence that is being placed inside this space there is also part of this temple and here we find the wario it has the form the characteristics of the wario funeral at the time of the opening we are surprised that it is a wario funeral here this is the space an interesting data and another data this is a stage that we found in the 2008 it is wario but it is in the Inca occupation and here you can see another stage that is wario we can find here Cajamarca so what what I want to tell you is that in the spirit of papacy all the coexistence between the warios and the incas we find inside the occupation an Inca Inca but the form is wario there is a basin that we found more or less with a diameter of 50 with a height of 30 where the Andean resistance of 30 Spanish invasions where the participation of the different ethnicities that are facing invaders but inside the iconography we find iconographic elements of warios and in the spirit of papacy we can see that the coexistence between the warios and the incas that is part of the truth of the warios even there we use the same canteras of the warios the information is really interesting of what is being recovered in the spirit of papacy the wario presence is not isolated the wario presence is strong we find spirit of papacy near spirit of papacy Chontabamba with Sevilayo in the same Quillabamba in Pichari, Quindir, in Inca and it will be more or less a month ago the wario presence was found and also in what I would do in the Inca we see that spirit of papacy the wario presence is really massifical in this space well really, thank you very much for your attention I hope you wait we have about 10 minutes for questions I would like to select the last questions if you have any inquiries sometimes the chat does not give you everything but the information is really very wide thank you excellent material excellent job congratulations really is to envy I also have a question of chronological character because the material that you associate with the wario well known of wario castle we have a wario presence in the wario castle and the dates are type 8 in the last you presented a tomb wario style with material inca how do you explain it at a chronological level did you get the possibility to explain it at a chronological level because we are talking about a temporal space until this moment considered as 500 years of difference so here comes the question who were the waris who lived with the incas according to your interpretation and how can you continue the continuity of the presence between waris just like you through these 500 years well, as I said that the waris when there was the colax these societies did not disappear in the morning they were still part of the persistence that's why when you enter the incas these characters a data that they use the same canteras for the production of the incas the other is the material that we found this tomb that you have seen this one has the same characteristics the way they have developed it we have these perpendicular layers this one here is a fragmented it is an indication that it is related to a tomb in any of the contexts that we have found it has the same characteristics we open and it is it has not yet been made of what is going to be an adaptation of Réal Carbono but if it is made of what has been done of Wari occupation something of 9 datations thanks to Brian Bauer that is more or less between 650 to 900 the presence we made the inca in 14 windows that has more or less of what is coming to be the inca resistance until the death of the Kupa Hamaru one so the chronology of the occupation that has it it is interesting that what are you finding in this space I have a question that the colonies that speak of the Conquista de Becababa to the University there were hundreds of spaces of the inca site according to the map that we have shown in our first talk of the site it shows that all the occupations of the inca are on one side that part of Wari is like the center of the inca but in the area between the inca occupation and the Wari occupation I think that there were many evidences that maybe there was more occupation between that I think that maybe it is possible that the Inca were occupying all that inca and that is a context of reuse of the context of the area of Wari no effectively the occupation the occupation inca we cannot really determine in this place you have owners it is a bit difficult to advance with the inca we have to always be connecting with them we have to detect the places of the production of the inca of the Wari in a walk you can find the Wari occupation in Chontababa which is also a Wari occupation so the presence of Wari is massive but there are more investigations to determine the extension exactly within the spirit of Wari your last slide do you have in all these places what are the Wari places it is mainly for the inca what are the different contexts and what are the other places in the Inca why they say they are Wari why they are Wari what are the evidences that we have but I did not understand the question but the last slide you have different places that say with Wari why they are Wari because here sometimes someone says that it is Wari that it is only Wari or suddenly and only what is the most about it here in Pichari there is presence of Wari in which in 2012 in my exit I found at the time of opening a street I found a Wari within this space in Concevidayo we have Concevidayo and Chontabamba they have given us Wari material of the same people that at the time of making their houses etc. etc. in other words, they cover or for the last time they cover it so that the ministry does not have any problems In Inca as I tell you again with that trace that was in the supervision area of my colleague who was excavating he was excavating a Wari occupation that he did not know because he was not in Inca so that is why he said that the presence of Wari is more located within what he would like to do in Pizuna Well, thank you very much for the presentation I have a question Well, it seems that in the Wari in that area would be the gold do you think? but does the Chonta also grow there or is it lower? Well, I notice that one is Chontabamba but maybe another resource that they were conceiving around there Can you be the Chonta? because if you want a way well, I do not know if necessarily, but if it is a container to store the tools I do not know if you thought of the Chonta the Chonta grows both in Chontabamba and as well as in Espíritu Planta it is an element of the area that the natives use to make war so the Incas and as well as the Boreis use this material to use it and as well as other tools we have resources we have gold, silver, copper, quail exotic animals so this space of Espíritu is like an important role in what the Wari expansion would be for the natural resources that this space had Aluna and Ketu all the material that is in my previous year is considering this is already a lot of material that it has I am saying it in a very reasonable way it is already several years right? what is that? I think it is there these are musical instruments if you can see these are animals that are represented in the area they are I don't know those who have traveled to Espíritu Planta they are the animals this kind of nest that you can see there is no one that they support or look at this this is the way they are but they are musical instruments in this space and not only we find the investigations that are being done in the area of Cusco we have also found these types of musical instruments Aluna and Ketu I think it is a little bit complicated but I wanted to again thank Javier for a wonderful presentation


This door is my very first out-of-home studio Went right here got some chairs got some backdrops need to fill that up with some stuff Gonna go for the gentlemen club vibe got some lighting more to come It's gonna be a sick podcast set up the whiteboard needs to be hung up, but stay tuned for that Roadcast stuff some good stuff here these mics Hello, and this is the main workspace the iMac there the second screen there We've got Pentonette hooked up of course naturally, and how I am good. Thanks. Good. Thanks I've got a random storage corner that I'll need to sort out still scooter shout-outs camera electronic The quickest of glances It's not finished I just wanted to show you where I'm at, but you guys are a big impact for me to do all of this. So thank you


Appalachian Wireless now has new forward pay pricing where you can pay up front and get the data and features you desire. Five gigabytes of data, just $39.99. Unlimited, just $79.99. Better service, bigger savings. That's today's Appalachian Wireless. The residents of Perkins Branch in the Jeremiah community in Letcher County have found themselves in an all-too-familiar predicament. For the second time this month, a washout has stranded them in their community. We're back in the same boat. We need a boat. After a day of steady rain and snow, the temporary low water crossing at Perkins Branch washed out Saturday night. The washout once again stranded more than two dozen families in the hollow just off Kentucky Route 7, just as a washout had on March 7th when the community's only bridge collapsed due to flood damage. Residents say the new washout occurred between 9 and 10 p.m. Saturday evening. The washout was not unexpected. When we came down yesterday morning, there was some debris behind the culverts that were left, so we don't know if that's what caused it, but it looks like it may have been some of the cause. The water was running fine and we thought that it was going to do good, but apparently some debris had got behind the culverts and stopped it up and it just flooded up and washed it out. We expected it. We knew it was going to happen and they told us to be prepared that it was a possibility, so... I didn't expect it this quick. At some point, I expected the culverts to have some problems. We did have cables run through the culverts, but the cable came loose some way. It broke the cable, I'm not sure, so that when it washed all the material off top of the culverts, it let them float down the creek. Letcher County Road crews worked Sunday and Monday to get the temporary passage across Rockhouse Creek rebuilt. Letcher Judge Executive Jim Ward said he hoped the reconstruction would be complete Monday evening. Sometime this afternoon toward dark, we should be finished to have the culverts back in and have the people in and out. This weekend's washout is the latest development for the residents of Perkins Branch. After the March 7th washout, crews got the temporary crossing completed in about three days. On March 12th, the Kentucky National Guard delivered a bridge to the mouth of Perkins Branch. But after learning that only emergency vehicles and not the residents of Perkins Branch could use the bridge, and that an armed guard would have to be stationed at the bridge to guard against civilian traffic, the county declined to utilize the military-style bridge. And I asked them, I said, well, what if the culverts washed out? Would the public be able to use that bridge? And they told me no, they would not be able to use it at all. So even if we'd had the bridge in that the National Guard had brought, they still wouldn't, they still been stranded. They still wouldn't have been able to cross the bridge. But while frustrated, the residents of Perkins Branch are taking this latest hit in stride. It's frustrating, but there's not any getting mad at anybody or blaming anybody. I mean, it was rain, it flooded. And like I said, we knew it was going to happen. It is what it is. They're trying their best to help us. We just appreciate what they're trying to do for us. You know, God's still in control and we just take the good with the ban. Ward said with more rain forecast for this coming week, he plans to closely monitor the condition of Rockhouse Creek and continue searching for a permanent solution to the situation. At Perkins Branch, Chris Anderson, EKB News.


Having become slaves of Jesus Christ with Paul, we no longer live for ourselves. We give ourselves up to the will of Jesus Christ, our Lord, our head. We were bought with a price and we are not our own. The love of Christ compels us. The love of Christ constrains us. His love for us constrains us, controls us, compels our thoughts, our actions, our faith. There are things that you now will never do again because you are a slave. There are things that you will do even if it costs your own life and you prepare yourself for that eventuality. You prepare yourself for the fact that there are things that you're called to do that you must do even if it costs you your own life.


The fish wheel, it came from Kitsum Kalim and never been used for 13 years. We got it down here by flatbed and they choppered the rest of it out from the landing down below there. The fish wheel works, it works by the current of the water, it just spins and the fish are there, they go in the basket and then from there they slide right into the live tanks from the live tanks, we got them for the dip net and then transport them from there, put them into a live bin. The fish wheel is a very rugged device and ideally we'd like to get it as close to the falls as possible. We have an opportunity here to try to get fish that are just about reaching the falls so they should be very fresh and hopefully have the greatest chance of survival in terms of getting up to the spawning ground. This whole operation is obviously the opportunity to have a lot of different groups working together to save the salmon, that's why we're here. So it's a great opportunity for me to work again with First Nations partners in the development of this fish wheel. But it's fun also to work alongside colleagues in DFO and fire services as well.


Hi everyone, Sean with jaspyscasebreaks.com here doing 1920 panini mosaic cello two box break pick your team number seven Where we're randomizing the pelicans to one person in the break so 2019-20 mosaic cello pelicans randomized the break must have two plus teams How to be entered in the pelicans giveaway by two or more teams in the break get entered to win No max entries by two teams get one entry by four teams get two entries by six teams get three entries So on and so forth if you buy one team you will not be entered into the randomizer.  So we're gonna copy this list of customers To a new sheet We're gonna sort that by Names and figure out how many people are entered. So Alan with two spots gets you one Eric with four spots will get you two Joe with four spots gets you two John two spots will get him one Jorge gets two spots Kyle gets one Mike gets one Nick gets one Roger also gets one and Sergio with four spots gets two and Wesley with one spot. You only get the one so not gonna get any entries in this one So let's take a look that adds up to 14 people in the randomizer So name on top after Seven one to six seven times gets the pelicans in the break. Good luck one two three four five Six and seven to final time Congratulations to Joe. You got yourself the pelicans in this break. I Think I heard Joe saying earlier. He had we had not seen as I on yet. Maybe that's changed But either way good luck The next two boxes of this are also in the store guys. So pick your team eight is available So let's print this out and rip Here are two boxes that we're gonna be doing for this break So what we're gonna do is we're gonna stack Box at a time We'll keep the pink separate obviously. Oh, it's already down to 11 teams on the next one. Well, there you go I didn't realize Kershaw was out today with the back sniff this. He was scheduled to start That's no good 18 8 of the 11 teams room to 30 bucks. That's gonna go anybody think that uh That guy that was talking about the Astros being the best team in the world not just baseball Any sport think he'll be in the chat tonight Swanner Well, he will look the guy last though. Well, though, I mentioned I was on IG last night I was running it Brad and he Somebody I was like I was like so Astros are done, right and somebody popped in and goes So what one loss makes it it makes them all of a sudden not not a You know ends it for him and I was like, oh, I'm sorry. Did you not see the loss today as well? That counts as two now. I told you guys he was I was like, I promise you I won't see you for a long time Either that or you'll change your name Yeah, that's crazy Brad. That'll go tonight, too We still got 40 people in here 24 spots left in that box war Where we're giving away a thousand dollars in break credit Like we've done the box words where we've given away, you know a full box Or we've given away like a full case or whatever This is even better because it's literally a thousand dollars worth of credit to for you to spend however you want You want to do it for the new releases coming up tomorrow or Friday? Go for that You got a football team. You really like Spectra football coming out on Friday. You can buy your team in every one of the breaks. I know Brad That's what I explained to him. I was like, what are you talking about?  I Was like you limped into the playoffs and he's like, but we meet we we crushed Minnesota and we did this and I was like, so I was like, Minnesota is not the world beaters either. We crushed Minnesota and we crushed Oakland I was like, you were second in your own division That's what they claim Brad like openly said that multiple times and I was like, well, like that's the thing is I was like They're not even they're not the best team in baseball. He's like, I'm not saying baseball I'm saying they're the best team in the world out of all sports. It's like, okay Whatever Like I'm the king of making stupid claims when it comes to sports and players and teams But I'll own up to it I don't know about that Brad I think the thing is that the AL West I think the AL West has a problem with cannibalism Brad where We just we beat the crap out of it ourselves are all the other teams in our league so much That like it literally just eats it eats away at the overall strength of every one of our teams You know what I mean? You watch juice Bigelow for the first time 15 years Don't watch the sequels. They're even worse Good luck everybody box one RJ Barrett NBA debut silver mosaic for the Knicks and Joe Medeiros LeBron James MVP's going to the Cavaliers for a Nikhil Alexander Walker rookie silver for the Pelicans Joe Medeiros spotty one I Come on rookies Well, not you Taylor Horton Tucker specifically you are a rookie. He's he's also a He's got a NBA title. I Apologize Taylor Horton Tucker for making funny Cameron Johnson NBA debut Phoenix Suns Eric Landry Chimette silver going to the Clippers and Nick Stover Jason Tatum Celtics Mike Rosinski Luca Donchich will to win Dallas Mavericks Wesley Thomas Giannis Jam Masters going to the Bucks and Allen Luca got game Dallas Wesley Thomas and NBA debut Zion Williamson for the Pelicans Joe Team you won just for having more than two teams in the break Rui Hachimura Washington Wizards Kyle Alauri Silver for the Raptors and Joe Medeiros LeBron James NBA champion For the Lakers Sergio Eric Peshaw Green For the Golden State Warriors Allen Luca Donchich give and go Going to the Dallas Mavericks and Wesley. Let's see something big in the pink Rui Hachimura NBA debut these Duncan Robinson's I believe I don't think he if I remember correctly I don't think he has an official rookie card So I think these were kind of his Fill-in rookie cards, but that goes to the Miami Heat and Sergio Rui Hachimura NBA debut Washington Kyle McKeel Alexander Walker for the Pelicans going to Joe the spot he won Ty Jerome NBA debut for the Phoenix Suns and Eric Ty Jerome base for the Phoenix Suns and Eric Taco Fall Boston Celtics Mike Jalen Noel Minnesota Jorge Jackson Hayes for the Pelicans and Joe James Harden MVPs Houston Nick And Romeo Lankford For Boston and Mike It did Rex. I meant that in the back of my head. I replayed that after I said it and I was like Sounds good There's no way anybody can take that other than one of the way I said it and I still stick to that. That was box one I'm sure we're hearing about This now I was looking for a big card in the pink camels Exactly Barely 1030. I mean, I'm kind of bummed. There's no Thursday football. I know this is an unpopular opinion But I feel like the Titans and The uh now the Uh Patriots should have should have had to uh Should have had to forfeit their games just saying it right now Three left in mosaic basketball. There you go, Tamara I feel like Patriots and the Titans should have had to should add to uh forfeit their games Especially the Titans. I'm sorry guys If other teams are record like schedules are being affected because you have an outbreak and that sucks. I'm sorry But because something had an outbreak at your team And then your team proceeds to when they're supposed to be quarantining and not getting together to practice and stuff proceeds to get together and practice And then lo and behold Who knows if it was players at that practice, but more players test positive after that.  I feel like they shouldn't even have to play that game That they should have forfeited that game Like just come on And the fact that like some of the players like I think Jeffrey Simmons is an amazing player That guy is awesome.  It's like come on guys Oh The labion honestly I mean you gotta think he's gonna go to a team that's kind of on the cusp of competing And maybe a running back away, right? What says more than that than uh Than Detroit. I mean will he hold out brad? I think he's shown that he'll hold out He doesn't make smart decisions Do you think that that uh That uh, um Pete would bring him in Brad I don't think Pete would put up with that. I don't think Pete would do it That sounds like something bill would do I mean Pete can But like think about what Pete how Pete ended with uh with Uh, what's his name? Yeah, but that's a different situation Like that that dude legitimately has like He's got a mental issue that keeps him dependent on drugs No Sherman's bad, but no, um God why can't I think of his name safety? Uh That can't get a job now Because he's absolutely lost it Earl Thomas there you go like I just don't I mean I remember and There's been multiple reports that Russell Wilson is Is the ego not the ego, but like it is very well known that it's Russell Wilson's show And anybody that steps on his toes or even comes close to stepping on his toes and you know Like they're they're they're time there as short lives so So I don't know if laveon would technically fit in there because obviously laveon's not one of the guys to ride the bus And just go where it's going He wants to drive it and conduct everybody else in the way too When joe mentioned the chargers earlier, I was like god, please no Box two guys. Good luck luka donchich will to win For the dallas mavericks, wesley thomas yannis jam masters Going to the bucks and allen rj barrett mba debut for the nix and joe John marant base very nice going to the memphis grizzlies Jorge rj barrett green For the nix. I think you had an mba debut in the first box. Uh, joe jason tatum bassin celtics mike krasinski tray young silver second year, but Atlanta john cameron johnson mba debut for the suns and eric luka got game dallas wesley There you go yannis Going to the bucks allen anthony davis silver mba champion Going to the lakers sergio John marant green very nice congratulations memphis and horre Grant williams rookie silver for the celtics mike krasinski And now to The good stuff Live pink looking for another big one in the pink guys jordan pool nba debut gold state warriors allen goga batadze Who i kept mistaking his french, but apparently he's georgian for the indiana pacers and joe Terrence man for the clippers nick anthony davis champion for the lakers and sergio admiral schofield for the wizards kyle yannis going to the bucks allen coby white mba debut for the bowls horre and another good one for the lakers sergio lebron james bam atabayo for the heat sergio jason tatum for the celtics mike eric pascal for the warriors and allen nicklas clackston for the nets and roger ruby mba debut for the wizards kyle and nakeel alexander walker for the pelicans and joe There you go guys. That was the break Another two boxes are in the store now and moving quick That was 2019 20 punini mosaic cello two box break pick your team number seven I'm sean jaspy's case breaks dot com pick a team eight in the store Jaspy's case breaks dot com. Thank you guys and we'll see you next time


Aloha. Thanks for considering the views expressed in this ThinkTech commentary. This commentary is about politics. Politics are not all local anymore. If you hadn't noticed, elections have gone national, and most of us regularly get email from candidates who are running in other states asking for money or support. Indeed, these candidates and political organizations are asking strangers in distant states for help because they think we can help them. And yes, maybe we can. Sometimes they're in battleground states that have national importance and really need to hear from us, sometimes they just need to get money from outside because they can't raise enough at home. The bottom line is that congressional elections, and even some state elections have become national. You shouldn't just delete the email you get from candidates in other states. It's worthwhile to take a look at it and figure out who these candidates are, and what they stand for. Making the newspaper could help. Then maybe you can decide which ones are worthy of your support, and possibly even consider giving them some money. We need to refresh the composition of Congress. It's increasingly clear that there are some real bums in Congress, especially in the Senate. We need to throw them out, and the only way we can do that is by recognizing this reality and making contributions to worthy congressional candidates running in other states. Maybe this can ameliorate the problems with the electoral college and the two senator per state rule. In a way, contributions are kind of like voting, aren't they? Voting is good but remember there are a number of red states where the GOP has passed legislation to reverse the popular vote and turn the system upside down. Of course you can only vote in your own state. If you want to have an effect on what happens in other states, the best way, the only way, is to give money to the candidates you like. Sure, you can travel to the mainland and walk door to door, or get on a phone bank from home. You can also send mass mail or mass email if you have the resources, but that could be expensive. It's much more efficient to do the research, get on the internet, and send a few bucks to the candidates of your choice, wherever they are. If they can do it on the mainland, we can do it from here. Thanks so much for your consideration of the views expressed in this ThinkTech commentary. Aloha.


Excuse the red face. I've just been out doing one minute and three minute efforts on the chapter 2 rare rate and This video what I'm going to do is give you my first impressions on this road bike Now chapter 2 is an emerging road brand out of New Zealand, and this is their aero machine And I'll link to their website in the below description area and my subscribers will know I like to do a first impressions video after the first few rides now I've actually had this bike this will probably be my seventh or eighth ride today But I've had a fair bit of disruption recently this bike was built about Month and a half ago by Omara Cycles. They're a bike shop in Melbourne, and I did a build video on that That's been my most popular video of all time 80,000 views. I'll link to that one below as well and The thing is what happened was after this bike was built literally about two weeks later I put it in a bike bag and it got shipped up here and I had to hand the zip 808 wheels back to SRAM Australia for the summer I'm going to get them back so they've sent me some other wheels But the process of them swapping over the wheels and sending me new ones and coming up here It was about a three or four week period where this was in a bike bag So it's only really been the last couple of weeks where I've really got to get a good feel for the chapter 2 rare rate So this is going to be unadulterated. I haven't done, you know, my one to two days of research Which I typically do for the full reviews. I don't have multiple cameras. There's no lighting set up It's just me and my initial thoughts on the chapter 2 rare rate. So As I said, I've just moved to the Sunshine Coast and I'm still figuring out sort of the best places to film But I think there's a little place over the road we can go to sit down and have a chat So just a couple of things before I find my little spot to do this first impressions video Brad one of my subscribers He was after a full review video on the chapter 2 rare rate for his birthday the 20th of January Sorry, I'm not going to be able to do that, mate But I want to wish you a happy birthday for the 20th of January and I promise you maybe a couple of weeks afterwards We'll get the full review done on this bike, but hopefully this will wet the appetite number two just wanted to explain Originally, I wanted to get this bike built before the start of the Criterium season in Melbourne Which is the number of months ago now It's supposed to be my crit winning bike Which unfortunately didn't happen and the reason being it I raced on it only twice in the end I hope to race on it more up here, but we changed from rim to disc sort of at the last minute Had to wait for a disc version of the rare a and I've got to tell you This is the first time I've ridden a disc bike so far No issues with the disc brakes have been absolutely perfect. So fingers crossed it stays that way So to let everyone know upfront. This is actually My bike, okay A lot of the bikes that I review on this channel except for one being the specialized delay Which I've still got it's my personal road bike and I'll link to that video below They're bikes that I take out online for two to three weeks and then I review them and I hand them back This bike is mine and a lot of people might be saying well How come you don't know much about the technicalities of the bike? How come you haven't done a lot of research on this bike if it's your own bike and The reason behind that is I fell in love with the chapter 2 brand After I went to the chapter 2 launch in Australia about six to eight months ago I met the founder of the business Michael pride and Listening to him talk his passion their focus on road The fact that they're New Zealand see my mum is from New Zealand So I'm half Kiwi the aesthetics of the bike the way they blend in the New Zealand Fern All those things combine. I just I fell in love with the brand and I wanted to get behind it. I wanted to Have the chapter 2 rare a and as I said before this is their aero road bike So in the full review, I'm now after writing this thing for a number of weeks I'm looking forward to doing the research because it is a unique proposition There's some very interesting things on this road bike that I'd like to take you through right now Now the first thing I want to talk to you about is a lot of people in the build video They said that thing looks like the Cervelo s5 and I can kind of get where people are coming from Particularly if you look at the back end of the bike now the back end the seat stays and the way they sort of drop there That is very sort of Cervelo s5 s however If you go to the top tube it's this Almost like a circular shape. It's very interesting Love the way the ferns sort of integrate here the light baby blue and the e for the chapter 2. That's their logo beautiful looking little touches and Then if we look at the down tube the down tube is a similar shape To the s5, but it's a lot more narrower the new s5 is very thick here and it's also very thick around the Bottom bracket Here there's a lot of robustness in the bottom bracket But it's certainly a different type of look and feel to the Cervelo s5 and the front end is certainly a lot different And the manna handlebar system from chapter 2 I'm loving that it's creating a super stiff front end and a lot different to the fishbone that you get with the Cervelo s5 so I Guess there are some slight similarities with this Cervelo s5 But I've I haven't reviewed that bike by the way And I want to I've asked Cervelo in Australia. I still haven't heard or received anything back so If you're listening if you're watching out there Love to review that bike, but I have reviewed the Madone and I have the older Madone not the new Madone And I have reviewed the most recent Venge and The vengeance a great bike, but it's so different to this bike now the three big call outs for mine on this bike In terms of riding experience Clearly I'm a fan of the aesthetics. I like the look of it But the comfort on this bike. It's really surprised me It is the most comfortable aero road bike that I have ever ridden and I was surprised about that because when I looked at the way It's a short seat tube and you've got a lot of post there and I'm thinking that's That's interesting that might cause a bit of vibration or shock now when you hit a big bump on this bike You certainly you're aware that you're riding an aero road bike But the way it handles the road vibrations particularly some of the country roads around here in the Sunshine Coast I've done some big rides on this bike so far hundred hundred and thirty hundred and twenty-five and I come back and the level of fatigue that you quite often get with a narrow bike isn't there So the comfort factor I'm very impressed with the chapter 2 rare a so far the front end as I said is exceptionally stiff the way this Manor handlebar system integrates up and out of the saddle super responsive very stiff at the front end and Descending on this bike. So it's a bit of a pro on a con here that the descending I'm a bit of a wimp when it comes to descending. I don't want to go any typically anywhere over sort of 70 80k Is to start to freak out a little bit well I was going about 90 k's down to descent the other day and I felt like I could keep going so the stability Was very very good on the chapter 2 rare a however What I noted was because I do a lot of filming while riding is quite often. I'll take one hand off One side of the handlebar and I'll hold a camera and then Inadvertently you put a little bit more weight on the other side of the handlebar despite the fact that I try and use my core You're going to put a little bit more weight on the other side of the handlebar now when I did that I felt a little bit of instability on this bike However, when both hands are planted evenly the stability felt elite like next level So that's an interesting thing that I'm going to want to drill into further on The full review and I think it's going to have a fair bit to do with the wheelbase So what I've noted down here is This the front end wheel is very close to the pedal. So quite often when you turn the wheel here, you'll hit your shoe now just quickly as well on the cockpit the manner handlebar system as I said Setically very pleasing and it creates a super Sort of aerodynamic front end that's very very stiff what I have noted With the handlebar tape though is perhaps impractical. You can see my greasy sweaty hands up here in the sunshine coast Lot of humidity in the air Made it look a bit gritty and dirty, which is an ideal. So perhaps more practically a black handlebar system Handlebar tape system would work better there Now lastly on the bits and pieces we've got some zip 30 alloy clinches on this Chapter 2 rare right now. I'm going to get the zip 808s back as I mentioned but I'm going to review these zips separately because I'm very impressed with them and The SRAM 1 by a lot of people are going to say Jesus your chain looks a little bit dirty there. Yes, it is We've lost or I lost my chain cleaner in the move and the local bike shop doesn't have one in yet So I'll clean that chain, but I'm sure somebody out there's going to pick up pick up on that one The SRAM 1 by we'll do a full review on this channel in another two to three weeks time as well So that's kind of it first impressions. Hope you enjoyed Stay tuned for the full comprehensive review and if you haven't subscribed and you want to see that video Make sure you subscribe below and I'll catch you all in the next video


Income tax 2021-2022, filing status part one. Get ready to get refunds to the max. Diving into income tax 2021-2022. Most of this information can be found on the Form 1040 Instructions Tax Share 2021, which can be found on the IRS website, irs.gov, irs.gov, when thinking about filing statuses such as married, filing joint, single, head of household. We also wanna consider the major impacts that are gonna be on the tax return, and it's easiest to visualize that in terms of the tax formula. So when we have different filing statuses, some of the major areas we would think there would be an impact would be the standard deduction. The standard deduction is gonna be impacted directly by filing statuses such as married, filing joint or single, for example. You would think if they're just gonna give you a standard deduction, then you would think that married, filing joint would have to basically be double. Otherwise there's gonna be a disincentive for married, filing joint versus single, which would disincentivize marriage, which you would think would not generally be what you would want. We also have to have adjustments to the tax rates. So when we think about the whole progressive tax schedules, we're gonna have the different tax rates that are gonna be involved. Many people overlook this component because we often are reliant on the software in order to do the calculation. So we don't really even visualize what the calculations are. We might have a kind of understanding on what the progressive tax tiers are, but those tiers are gonna be dependent upon the filing status as well. So when you're adjusting this or thinking about different changes of someone single and two people are considering getting married or divorced or so on and so forth, you wanna consider the impact on the tax return in those instances. These are the major impacts. Now note there could be various other impacts. Another key area you want to keep in mind is credits, especially refundable credits. So if you had two people that were single and they get married and there was involved refundable credits when they were filing as single such as an earned income tax credit, child tax credit and so on, those could have impacts when they get married as well. The phase outs could be impacted in terms of when credits are gonna be phasing out. And so there could be a whole lot of impacts that are on the tax return, but these are the ones that are gonna be the most clear that should be like the first they come to mind as you think of the filing statuses. So here's the form 1040, when we indicate the filing status on it, we have the status indicated up top, single, married filing jointly, married filing separately, which could be designated as MFS, head of household often indicated H-O-H and qualified widow, widow or Q-W. This is obviously a more rare filing status that we would see on the right, hopefully, hopefully so. And then the strategy we want to be considering here is that we basically wanna know the general rules when it comes to these kind of filling out the documents. And then we want to do research on more complex situations. And the irs.gov form 1040 instructions is often the place that we can go for more research. So as you're filling out the tax return, you wanna basically have the general rule so you could just basically fill out the tax return as the situation comes up. You also wanna have a general idea of what the impact will be on the tax return because as a tax preparer, that's often what the questions are gonna be, especially when you get into more complex tax returns, you're not just there to do the rote data input on it so much as possibly, and more so, and you have more value, if you could also say, hey, this is what's gonna happen or this is what the difference is, this is why I need to report it this way, this is what the difference on the tax return is going to be. So you would think the filing statuses are pretty straightforward and usually they are. You could say, okay, someone is single, I get that, someone's married, when they get married, usually they filed married filing joint, but you could get into some complex issues such as divorce situations as to whether there is a divorce or separation taking place or not, and you could also have situations where the head of household versus single can be quite complex because it's often dependent on a dependent, a qualifying dependent in some way and things like joint custody situations with the dependent can cause a lot of confusion if the dependent's being claimed on one return versus another return, and the amount of support that's happening from the spouses or the people involved could also cause some complexity. So you wanna know the general rules here and then dive into more detail on those kind of areas where there's more confusion with regards to the filing statuses. So we have the filing, if you look at the actual 1040 on the left-hand side, you've got the standard deductions related to the filing statuses. Now, there's a little bit more detail than that because there could be if they're over 65 and blind, you have different filing standard deductions as well, but in general, you got the single or married filing separate, 12,550. You don't need to memorize that number, but it's a good number to kind of have an idea about because if you talk about people that are itemizing and whether they're gonna be taking the itemized deductions, that's gonna help you to determine that if you just get a general idea whether they're gonna be paying taxes or not, it's a good idea to have a general idea of what the standard deduction is because that'll at least get you to the taxable income. And it's easiest to think of it as let's first think about the single filers, 12,550, and then you could just double it usually to get to the married filing joint or qualifying widow-wyr. So if they get married, you would think it would make sense that you would have to double the standard deduction, which is the case here. So that makes it easier to kind of think about it and remember it instead of just remembering two numbers, you can remember the single number, 12,550, and then double it for the married filing joint for the 25,100. Now the head of household is somewhere in between. So even if you don't memorize that number, you kind of think, okay, it's between the 12,550 and double that, so 18,800 is gonna be in between. You also have to remember that if they're over over a certain age and or blind, you could have a variance that will increase the standard deduction there too. We'll talk more about that later. Now here are the income tax brackets and I'm just showing them here to show that there's differences between the filing status. So you have different brackets. This is gonna be the actual calculation when you're actually calculating the taxes, which is something often the computer will do. Also remember that you're thinking about these brackets when you're explaining it to somebody, you wanna explain it in terms of their brackets and their marginal rate versus their effective rate and so on and so forth. But when the actual calculation is done is usually pulling from the tables, that's what the software is doing. And you could find those on the 1040 instructions and they're just finding a number based on the income, but it's basically based off kind of these brackets. And there's different brackets then for the single filers you could see here on the 10% zero to 950 and the 10% married filing joint. We've got the 10% is zero to the 1900. So obviously you've got differences within the whole progressive tax system based on the different filing statuses. So it gets quite complex quite quickly, which is again a reason we use the tables generally or the calculations of the software. So here's the married filing separately and then here's the head of household. Filing status, check only the filing status that applies to you. The ones that will usually give you the lowest tax are listed last. So I'm just gonna go through them here and then I'll go into them in a little bit more detail. Married filing separately, single head of household, married filing jointly and qualifying widow, widower. So one way you can kind of think about these is I would group them into two main categories. One for the single file or the items that you could possibly qualify for if not married and the items that you might qualify for if married and then go into those two categories and go into drilling down a little bit more deep. Now note, you also have an issue with regards to are people married or not married. So you might ask questions, for example, if two people are single, are there any way without a formal marriage that they would qualify as married because of living conditions and so on and so forth in that sense so that you have a great area between whether they're married or not and with a separation situation like a divorce or a separation, it could come down to state law as to whether or not they might be separate or something like that and then possibly have access to different requirements. So that's like in the gray area. But in general, you'd say, okay, they're either married or they're not married. If they're not married, then typically we're gonna have the single filing status unless they have, usually one of the primary factors is some kind of dependent which may qualify them for the head of household status. So if in non-married category, that's usually what you're thinking about. Single, head of household, obviously qualified widow, widower would be a specialized kind of condition. We'll talk about that later, but that's gonna be more of a rare filing status if they're not married, typically single or a head of household. Head of household, it's quite complex because there could be a lot of gray area in terms of like custody issues with a child and support issues. Do they qualify for the support test and so on and so forth? So we'll talk more about that in the future. If they're married, then you can't go from married back to single unless there's some condition which is a separation condition or you fall into kind of like a gray area. In other words, people often think when they're single that if they get married, then you would have the benefit of either filing married filing joint or married or basically going back to single.  But you can't really do that because the idea of marriage was at least, it used to be that we're gonna be one entity from tax for taxes at least at that point in time. So it was thought that you'd file married filing joint and you can't really jump back to single what you can do, however, is possibly file married filing separate but married filing separately is not the same thing as going back to filing single. You might say, well, those two things sound kind of equivalent. So if I get married, now I can file married filing jointly or I can still file married filing separately which is the same thing as filing single. Well, it's not because the the IRS is skeptical of people filing married filing separate and they may remove some of the benefits that you might get when single and a lot of those have to do with those big refundable credits. So there could be a big difference with regards to refundable credits on like the child tax credits, the earned income tax credit, the stimulus payments and so on and so forth, depending on the income level. So you do wanna give some consideration and make sure you have that idea in mind. If you're single and getting married, you wanna have, you don't want these things to drive your decisions as to whether to be single or get married and whatnot, I would say but you do wanna keep in mind what the differences are going to be so you can plan for those items. Okay, so then the information for information about marital status, you could see publication 501, you could find that on the IRS website, irs.gov single, the single filing status. You can check the quote single box on the top of form 1040 or 1040 SR. If any of the following was true on December 31st, 2021. Notice when the cutoff date is the end of the year, December 31st, 2021 here, not the beginning of the year. You were never married, you were legally separated according to your state law under decree of divorce or separate maintenance. But if at the end of 2021, your divorce wasn't final and interlocktery decree, you are considered married and can't check the box. So that's gonna get into that gray area. So usually single is pretty straightforward. If you're talking about someone that was never married, then it's a straightforward kind of condition. If it's someone that's going to get married, then the question is, well, did the marriage happen in the year of 2021? Even if it happened at the end, December 31st, 2021, you would be basically could be considered on the married side and couldn't check the single component. And then there's a question of the divorce side of things, which you could have the cutoff timeframe. When does the actual divorce take place? Is it something that took place within the tax year 2021, taking you from married back to single or not? And then you were widowed before January 1st, 2021 and didn't remarry before the end of 2021. But if you have a child, you may be able to use the qualifying widow, widower filing status. So the other situation, your widow or widower, and then, but then there's a condition that with this filing status, the widow or widower filing status would be beneficial to a single filing status, but there's gonna be a condition added to it. And that includes the qualifying child. So we'll get into that. This is another kind of gray area situation that's a little bit more complex than the straightforward. Just some unmarried person. You've got the widow, widower situation, but you got that dependent kind of case that would be involved. If you would qualify for the qualifying widow, widower, it would be beneficial or better filing status than single or ahead of household. So you could see instructions for qualifying widow, widower later. We'll talk about that later. Married filing jointly. So this is the other major category that you would have if someone was single and then they went to married, then typically they would file married filing jointly. So you can chuck the quote, married filing jointly in quote box at the top of form 1040 or 1040 SR. If any of the following apply, you were married at the end of 2021, even if you didn't live with your spouse at the end of 2021. So remember it's at the end of the year. So if the marriage took place, the formal marriage took place at December 31st, 2021, then you're considered married for the tax year, 2021. So your spouse died in 2021 and you didn't remarry in 2021. So if there's a death that happened within 2021, then you would still file married filing joint and that would typically be the beneficial thing to do in the year of the death. After the year of the death took place, then the question is, do you qualify for the qualifying widow, widower or not? Or would you go back to single at that point? You were married at the end of 2021 and your spouse died in 2022 before filing a 2021 return. So if the death happened in 2022, even if you didn't file the return, you would think the event of the death happened in the tax year 2022. So a married couple filing jointly report their combined income and deduct their combined allowable expenses on one return. They can file a joint return even if only one had income or if they didn't live together all year. So generally for taxes, the traditional thought would be, well now that they're married, you had two separate people, now they are one with regards to taxes. You're typically filing the taxes and the income reported on the one return when married. So you could see what the benefits are on that. And just remember, or the pros and cons, there's pros and cons of that. And just remember, what are the changes that you would expect? Well, major changes that you would expect would be that the standard deduction is gonna have to basically be doubled because now you got two people and it used to be, remember the tax law was kind of developed when there was like a single income home. And so they've had to kind of make changes to the situation where now you could clearly, you almost have to many times have a double income home. And that's why you would think the standard deduction would still be double even though you're clearly, if you're raising a family and whatnot still possibly having a situation where one person does more work that at least is gonna get W2 income, revenue work and so on. So you might have a different, still big difference in terms of income depending on the cycle of the family cycle. But the idea would be that not to disincentivize marriage, then you would have the twice the standard deduction and they would also then have to adjust the tax tables to accommodate the fact that you could have two incomes. So all the progressive tax tables changing. However, both persons must sign the return. Once you file a joint return, you can't choose to file separate returns for that year after the due date of the return. So you can't go back once file and say, oh, I'm gonna file it separate now after having filed it. So married filing jointly, joint and several tax liability. If you file a joint return, both you and your spouse are generally responsible for the tax and interest or penalties due on the return. This means that if one spouse doesn't pay the tax due, the other may have to. So you're in basically a partnership here and that means that you're jointly responsible in general. And so there could be some special circumstances where you have an innocent spouse relief of some kind, but generally you're in a partnership. And so if one partner doesn't pay the taxes, then the other partner's still liable because they're in a partnership on it. So, or if one spouse doesn't report the correct tax, both spouses may be responsible for any additional tax assessed by the IRS. You may want to file separately if you believe your spouse isn't reporting all of his or her income. So in a situation if you're in a marriage, if you see someone that will have someone in a situation where they're married and they're saying, I don't think my spouse is being honest on the taxes. And I'm kind of concerned about that. Then possibly to alleviate some liability to yourself, maybe you could file a separate return. So you believe you don't want to, and that would be married filing separately, you don't want to be responsible for any taxes due if your spouse doesn't have enough tax withheld or doesn't pay enough estimated tax. See instructions for married filing separately, also see innocent spouse relief under general information later. So you might be in a situation or see someone that saying, hey, their spouse was completely responsible for all the managing, all the money situation and whatnot. And so the other spouse is now liable for tax problems that could possibly take place, but they were kind of innocent in the fact that they weren't handling that at all. So is there some kind of innocent spouse reliefs you can get in that situation? So file, married filing jointly, non-resident aliens and dual status aliens, generally a married couple can't file a joint return if either spouse is a non-resident alien at any time during the year. However, if you were a non-resident alien or a dual status alien and were married to a US citizen or resident alien at the end of 2021, you can elect to be treated as a resident alien and file a joint return, see publication 519 for details. You can find that on the IRS website, married filing separately. So this is the other option that you can have if married, you can't go back to single, but possibly you could file married filing separate, not usually beneficial, but could be beneficial in some instances. Check the married filing separately box at the top of form 1040 or 1040 SR. If you are married and file a separate return, enter your spouse's name in the entry space below the filing status check box. Be sure to enter your spouse's SSN social security number or individual taxpayer identification number, the I-10 in the space for spouse's social security number on form 1040 or 1040 SR. If your spouse doesn't have and isn't required to have a social security number or I-10 enter NRA in the entry space below the filing status check boxes, married filing separately for electronic filing, enter the spouse's name or NRA if the spouse doesn't have the social security number or I-10 in the entry space below the filing status check boxes. If you are married and file a separate return, you generally report only your own income, deductions and credits, generally you are responsible only for the tax on your own income, different rules applied to people in community property states. And that's a big exception here. So if you're in a community property state, then you might have different kinds of requirements for married filing separately. So you wanna look into that. If you're thinking about filing married filing separately, then look into whether or not you're in a community property state. You can see publication 555 for more information related to that. However, you will usually pay more tax than if you use another filing status for which you qualify. Also, if you file a separate return, you can't take the student loan interest deduction or the education credits and you will only be able to take the earned income credit in very limited circumstances. So once again, the IRS is skeptical of married individuals giving them or granting them the capacity to in essence file as single after married, or in this case, married filing separately a similar status because they might do so or plan to do so jointly kind of collude as partners, to take advantage of some of these big credits, these refundable credits that have phase out and income limitations and so on. So you can imagine that if you had a partner and you're saying, okay, I can go back from married to single, why don't I, we can plan our situation. So one spouse earns all the income and the other spouse perfectly qualifies for all of the refundable credits like the earned income credit and so on and so forth. Well, that's not really fair because you're really one entity for taxes. So you would think that you can't really, so the IRS is saying you can't really, you don't wanna allow that. So they kind of removed some of these big credits.  So you can imagine another situation where you can say, okay, we're gonna put all the itemized deductions on one spouse and the other spouse is gonna take the standard deduction and not have any of the itemized. So I take advantage of the itemized deductions we have and the other spouse takes advantage of the standard deduction and you get any kind of credits that might be applicable due to refundable credits. Again, the IRS is saying, no, that's not, we shouldn't be allowing that kind of thing. So you may be able to file as head of household if you had a child living with you and you lived apart from your spouse during the last six months of 2021. So you can see married persons who live apart later. And so there's always that kind of gray area. If you're married, then the question is, well, what if I was separated? Well, what does separated mean? We have a divorce, but what if you were separated in terms of the legal status of separation? You might have to go to the state law to look at the legal status of separation. And that could of course have income tax implications.


We all go through trials. That's a part of the Christian life. But spiritual bondage is not supposed to be a part of the Christian life. You are to walk in inner spiritual victory no matter what you face. Let's agree for that right now. Father, in the name of Jesus, I pray for deliverance over your people. Help them, Father, to recognize who they are in you. Help them to recognize the dominion power and authority that they have in you. We come against every attack of the enemy. We come against every temptation. And Father, we pray together now. We touch and agree. And I ask you, Lord, to empower them unto spiritual victory. Help them to know the truth that the truth might set them free. Break every bondage, every addiction. In Jesus' mighty name we pray. Amen.


hey now take a step outside and seize the day now set aside your worries hey guys welcome back to my channel so today I needed to kind of speed through the house and do a quick clean it maybe was about an hour or so worth of cleaning and I just needed to do it as fast as I could because I had a lot of other things on my agenda for this day so I went ahead and made my beds always a great starting point and now that I have this room partially decorated it's just nice to have it cleaned up every day and I wanted to let you guys know that Roborock actually sent me this vacuum cleaner to review for you guys so I'm excited to let you know how it works and what I think about it so it is obviously a robot vacuum cleaner and I have been thoroughly impressed with this whenever you turn it on the first thing that it will do is map out the area that it's going to vacuum and has so many sensors where it avoids things that shouldn't be vacuumed up you can use it with Alexa and you can also use it with an app on your phone that's a feature I absolutely love because I can see the mapped out parts of my home and select where I want it to clean I can also tell it where I don't want it to clean so if there's certain areas that there's things on the floor that would be harmed I can tell it to avoid those something else that's really cool is it has an effective way of vacuuming so it's going to sense the fastest way to vacuum a room instead of going in one direction it may go in multiple directions just to get it done as quickly as it can and I'm so impressed by this usually by the time I'm done cleaning in a room it's ready to move on to the next room as well it's super simple to empty out and it also has a little tool that you can clean out the roller brush underneath this thing gets every little speck out of the carpet a feature I have yet to use is it has a snap-on mop unit it has both reusable and disposable mop pads for your convenience this vacuum is loaded with 14 different types of sensors so you don't have to worry about anything getting damaged it has two and a half hours worth of power and it will go right back to its dock to charge itself so check out the description box to get $50 off of yours they come in black and white and you also will receive some free parts after I was done with our room I went into my daughter's room and obviously made the bed and picked up lots of odds and ends it's just like I said I needed to buzz through the house and do a quick pickup and making the beds always helps me feel like the house is so much cleaner laundry was my next task and I had about four loads I think I don't know how I got so behind we had a busy last couple days and I got preoccupied with other projects so laundry got put on the back burner generally I like to do about one load a day but like I said got really behind so I decided to tackle it all and get it all caught up okay so this was later on in the same day and it was after my girls had went to bed I just decided to wait till then to do the main part of the cleaning and if you see some other movement it's just because my husband was walking through the house as I was cleaning as well we had been doing so many different things this day there was paint there was peanut butter and jelly sandwiches being made supper that had been made so I had dishes and stuff from all throughout the evening and I went ahead and lit my candle I love lighting a candle while I'm cleaning or even making that as kind of like my reward when I'm done cleaning it just makes it feel so much more cozy and I don't know I love just a good smell going on in the house while I'm cleaning as well as doing great on carpets this vacuum does awesome on hard surfaces as well and if you see something moving on the couch over there it's just my husband watching some TV so I don't want you guys to think that there's something in my house anyways guys I just wanted to give you a little bit of the speed cleaning motivation I just know that sometimes you got to take that extra hour or so out of your day and just clean things up so I hope that this gave you that motivation if you're new around here don't forget to hit that subscribe button I do a lot of DIYs I do a lot of mama hood I have three little ones and I would love if you joined my crew and I will see you guys in my next video