Everybody here. Let's talk about how much does an independent dental hygienist make so a dental hygienist who is able to have her own dental hygiene practice her own dental hygiene office. I'm a mobile dental hygienist so I do something a little bit differently where I travel to patients homes and clean their teeth but I am an independent dental hygienist. I am allowed to have my own practice so I do not work under a dentist. I'm allowed to do my dental hygiene duties and I do not have to work under a dentist. Depending on where you live, where you're located you may or may not be able to have your own dental hygiene practice so please check your rules and regulations first. But if you're curious or if you're thinking about starting your own dental hygiene practice either in your own office like having a standalone practice or a mobile office. I can help you with that. So I have an office in my own home so I can have a dental hygiene office if you will, in my own home but it's just one room. But 99, 95% of my patients, I see mobile in their home so that's what I'm going to talk about specifically. I can't really tell you what a dental hygienist makes having her own standalone practice because I don't know that because they would have different expenses than I would have. They would have to pay for their office building. They would have to pay rent or whatever which I just don't have. So I'm going to talk about primarily my expenses and just overall how much can a dental hygienist make having her or his own dental practice. So this is where it gets kind of not tricky but it truly depends on what you want to do. If you want to work full time, part time, how many patients do you want to see what procedures can you offer. So I am a restorative dental hygienist so I can place amalgam fillings, I can place composites, I can cement crowns, bridges, there's a number of duties that I can do that other dental hygienists cannot do. You have to be a restorative dental hygienist, for example, to place fillings. So I do that as well. So my income might vary a little bit than that dental hygienist who isn't a restorative dental hygienist. But to give you a ballpark, okay, so for new patients, depending on what you're doing, are you doing a dental hygiene exam, are you performing a scale, whether it be one unit, two units, three units or four units. For example, here a unit is 15 minutes. So is it one, two, three or four. Are you doing a polish? Are you applying fluoride? So those all make a difference. For my dental hygiene appointments, I do a dental hygiene exam. I do a scale, usually three units or four units per person. I do a polish on everybody. I apply fluoride on most patients because I am pro fluoride all the way. I call it vitamins for the teeth. I will also apply a desensitizing agent if they have cold sensitive teeth, which most people do, or they have gingival recessions. So that is something extra that I can offer. What else do I do? And I do also charge a mobile fee of $20 when I'm going to patients' homes. So for a patient, it could be anywhere from $200 a person upwards to $400 in some cases. If it's a new patient exam where I haven't seen them before, we do have to do a new patient exam.  I take pictures, not x-rays, but I take photos inside the mouth. I look at every single tooth one by one. That takes time, maybe about 20 minutes. And I look at what that tooth needs. Does it have a filling? Does it have gingival recession? Do they have gum disease? So a full new patient exam? That costs more than if I'm seeing somebody every six months and I know their history. I know their gum disease per se, so it's different. So per person, I would say on average it could be anywhere from $200 to $400 a person. And then if there's any extras that I'm doing. So that's per person. If I'm seeing eight patients a day, do the math. Usually I see two patients a day. If it's a family, I might see five patients, but do the math. It adds up. So a lot of people ask me, is it worth it having your own practice or is it better working under a dentist? Absolutely worth it having my own practice because in your office, where I used to work, I made about $35 per hour. Now I'm making $200 or $400. What's better? I don't even think you have to do the math. $200 or $400 per hour versus $35. Huge difference, but I do have expenses being a business owner, but the expenses aren't thousands of dollars per month. It could be anywhere from $200 a month to $1,000 depending on what I need to purchase. But as a dental hygiene business owner, you typically purchase everything in bulk. Like masks, bibs, gloves, profi paste, your high speed, slow speed attachments, things like that. You don't have expenses of that magnitude like thousands of dollars per month. So it's definitely manageable. I am now incorporated. So I do have expenses with that every year. I do have to maintain, of course, my dental hygiene license, my specialty license. So there's expenses with that. Having my own dental hygiene business, there's another fee on top of that. But I go through all of the fees. I go through all of this in a course that I do teach. So I have a mobile RDH Academy course where I go through all of my expenses. I go through all of my income. I go through everything you need to know. Step one, including a business plan for starting your own mobile dental hygiene practice, because that's my specialty. I'm a mobile dental hygienist. So if you want to learn more, definitely check out my course, Mobile RDH Academy. I'm going to leave the link for you down below. I go through everything. This barely touches the surface. But is it worth it, you guys? Absolutely. I could never work for somebody else again. Do I make enough money? Yes, absolutely. And I work part-time. So I do not see eight patients a day. I typically go to one house a day, maybe two. Two patients a day, maybe five, depending on my schedule. And I do not work every day. I take two weeks off usually per week. Sometimes I do. Sometimes I don't. Sometimes I take a full week off. So that's not me working 24-7, by the way. So I teach dental hygienists how to start their own business, but also how to have a successful business and to avoid burnout and how to make a full-time income working part-time. So that's what I do in my mobile RDH Academy course. So let me know, you guys, if you have any questions, but just to quickly mention, make sure that you look up your rules and regulations depending on where you live. Not all dental hygienists are allowed to have their own practice. So look that up first. If you are, sign up for my course. You have full access for life. It is constantly updated as I do bigger and better things as I get newer technology, all that fun stuff. So thank you guys so much for watching. Let me know if any questions. Please click like to this video that does help me continue to offer free content and make sure to subscribe as you will know about new videos coming up sooner than anybody else. And again, thank you guys so much for watching. I'll talk to you all very soon and have a great day.


What is going on guys welcome back to the channel critical overlord here So this is a video addressing Jeepers Creepers 4 or anything that I know about the Jeepers Creepers series because someone Commented in my comment section that they would like me to do a video regarding the topic Unfortunately, I do not have much to tell you because there has been nothing regarding Jeepers Creepers 4 And this is exactly what I knew was going to happen once Jeepers Creepers 3 came out Jeepers Creepers 3 had so much negativity surrounding it that the minute it came out I knew that the whole intent was to be get this out of our hands. Let's drop it release it. Don't talk about it ever again Let's not even reference it at all We haven't heard anything regarding Jeepers Creepers 4 or Jeepers Creepers 3 for that matter in terms of its DVD sales The information is out there. We haven't had any updates regarding what Victor Salva's next move is going to be The videos that I've done in the past these are just videos and Information that I've gathered by simply just digging and digging and digging and digging and digging because there is a Facebook group that exists Called Jeepers Creepers fans and it has people in the group who worked on Jeepers Creepers 3 and they were just tossing information around in regards to what Victor Salva was going to do next and For everyone who was let down by Jeepers Creepers 3 If you remember correctly the original plan was to end the series with Jeepers Creepers 3 It was going to be titled Jeepers Creepers 3 Cathedral. That was going to end the series. It was going to Bring it was going to reveal everything about the Creepers origins It was going to be set 23 years later after the first two films It was gonna pick up where the second film ended in that barn with the with Ray Weis's character Jack Taggart and Jack Taggart Jr Trish Jenner was going to come back. Gina Phillips was going to reprise her She was going to have a son named after dairy her brother who died in the first movie She was going to team up with the Taggers. They were going to go after the creeper They were going to take it out and it was going to end the series on a hopeful high note I've read that script and I've shared that script with several people who have watched my videos regarding Jeepers Creepers the script for that movie it is a Thousand times better than what we actually got on screen with Jeepers Creepers 3 The movie does have the script itself does have a few question marks about it in regards to how did the creeper get his Clothing back. How did he get his wings back? How did he get a lot of things back because his wings got cut off in the second film so the the so how did he get his wings back, but that's just little stuff, but Jeepers Creepers 4 the plan now is to apparently what this is what Victor Salva or Jonathan Breck rather who plays the creeper He said that Victor Salva has the Thedral steel, but he's turned that into like a one a one season TV show type of deal So what it seems like what happened is that Jeepers Creepers 4 is still going to be Taking place 23 years later After the first three movies now since Jeepers Creepers 3 takes place in between the first two Jeepers Creepers 4 would take place after the first three movies 23 years later picking up after Jeepers Creepers 2 But we're not going to have the same type of deal that we had With the original script with Cathedral because that's been turned into a TV series So it appears that Cathedral could be used as a TV series and then we get something entirely new For Jeepers Creepers 4, but in that same 23-day period set in 2023 My thoughts on that is that I don't I don't really know if that's ever going to happen because Victor Salva himself He seems to not want to be able to let this go or let I don't know if he's even tried to let someone else to get the rights to it But he a friend of mine told me because my friend of mine met him over the summer last year He said that he is working on Jeepers Creepers 4 and he has intentions of doing a TV show But the thing is you have intentions and you want to do these things But who wants to work with you if you're just out here with hopes and dreams And you know no one wants to work with you, but you want this series to thrive and you want something actually be made Why not just let someone else do it? I don't and I can understand he doesn't have to because this is his this is his property This is his his work. He might not want this to be touched unless it's by him But with all of this negativity surrounding you and you know how big of a fandom that you have created with this monster a very cute a very unique monster that audiences were introduced to back in 2001 and For years have been wanting to know the mythos about it because it's one of the I believe Jeepers Creepers is honestly one of the most well Mysterious entities that we've gotten in a horror movie within the past several decades His origins have sparked conversations on numerous threads countless videos exist trying to come up with ideas or explanations about what he is Victor salva has Created something that I feel can actually thrive if it's put in the hands of someone who actually knows what to do with it Victor salva himself. I feel like he should be kept on as the writer But his past is what's holding this series back. No one wants to work with him He wants to do all the funding himself and that's that's fine and dandy But it seems that all the funding that went towards Jeepers Creepers 2 and Jeepers Creepers 1 that he got back I Don't think none of that was used for Jeepers Creepers 3 So it doesn't seem that he has any funding because Jeepers Creepers 3 didn't make that much money I think it made around six to seven million dollars including DVD sales of Victor salva, I think should really find someone who would like to Get this property and try to make something fresh with it Get this TV series up and running Do something cuz just sitting here and giving fans stuff to think about but then nothing never happening. I Think that's just not That's just not gonna get us anywhere because it's nice to sit down and talk about it But we've been taught we spent years talking about Jeepers Creepers 3 and then when it finally came a lot of people were let down Well, most people most people who actually cared about what they were getting were let down You just creepers 3 for all intents and purposes was a let down. It was a horribly made film the production value was not that great the Lack of the lack of interest most of the actors and actresses seem to have on screen was just blatantly obvious It just didn't it had like all this negativity around it and then when I looked at the movie myself It felt like no one actually wanted to be here. They were just looking to make a quick check and get out of here I Would like to see a fourth Jeepers Creepers movie that dwells into the origins of the creeper in a more logical way Because if they make a Jeepers Creepers 4 Jeepers Creepers 3 was such a mess in regards to continuity and plot holes and storytelling and Backtracking on stuff that was already established. I would hope that they just negate Jeepers Creepers 3 and out like it didn't exist Jeepers Creepers 4 could bring back Ray Wise. He could reprise as well as Jack Taggart We could get Gina Phillips back. She could play Trish We can get everyone back and just in the series on a high note Those are my thoughts on Jeepers Creepers and the entire series And the potentialality of getting a fourth film Let me know what you guys think about this down in the comment section below If you have it already you subscribe and turn on post notifications. I've never missed a video in the description I have links to all my social media accounts. You can message me there to let me know what movies news or reviews You would like me to cover in the future with all that in mind guys. I will see you in the next video


This painting is a series of the same steps over and over again, wetting the paper, mixing the pigment to various thicknesses, starting with something very light, and turning all those blobs in my first wash into trees once the paper is dry. Just using a small brush to fuss around with the edges. Then when all of that is finished, I can put some water over the paper again, drop in some thicker trees for my mid-ground level and start refining those edges. Once that's dry, add more water and then I can add my big trees in the foreground and just build up that value little by little. If you find that you want to put a tree in the mid-ground that you didn't get in there in the first place, add it using some thinner pigment in between your darker trees and then you have a full forest.


During the month of October haunted houses are a common sight and in this week's Northwoods adventure, Josh Peterson takes us to the Carnival Freak Show. It's that time of year when things go bump in the night and now it's on display at the Beltrami County Scaregrounds. Welcome to Carnival!  Well it's back this year because we had a very successful time last year. We brought it back after about a 10-year hiatus. The community really jumped on it, appreciated having something a little more local that they could go to. Under the branded title of Carnival, this year's edition is subtitled Freak Show where patrons are taken on a creepy tour of its sketchy collection of characters. Every performance I guess would be a little different and just kind of got to feed off the energy of the attendance. People come in with an open mind and ready to get scared. They're gonna have a good time. But to change things up, this cast of characters have made some changes to their setup, hoping to find new ways to spook their guests. As Carnival returns for its second year, this year's version of a Freak Show offers something to stimulate all of your senses. In its first weekend, hundreds turned out to get freaked out and for some they seek out these scary thrills every year. We came last year and it was very scary so we're checking it out this year. I usually do. I'm a type person. I do the Halloween stuff. Any type like holiday or you can go with your friends and do some fun stuff. When it comes to the art of spooking, it's not one size fits all. That is why when it comes to Carnival, this crew works to find a scare for everyone. Everybody has their own definition of what's scary, what's creepy, what's freaky. And we like to hit on every one of those aspects. So while some things may not suit your desire of being scared, we definitely have something that will. So whether it's a fear of small places, spiders or clowns, this carnival has something for all. With this week's Northwood's adventure in Bemidji, Josh Peterson, Lakeland News. Was the clown happy or just a little little giddy? I don't know. It depends on if you're scared of clowns or not. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.


Hello and welcome to NewsClick. Today we are doing our science show. We have guests on the show which I will introduce you to just a little later. Let us first look at what is the topic. The topic is how do you create a vaccine which can stop the various strains of SARS-CoV-2 what causes COVID-19 and is there the possibility of having a universal vaccine which will work on a number of different variants not only of SARS-CoV-2 but also maybe other similar infections of the SARS-CoV-2 family. So this is what is the discussion today. The possibility of a universal vaccine will show you first this is the SARS-CoV-2 spherical particle which is there on which the different kinds of proteins which are embedded on the surface of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. When it enters our bloodstream different antibodies try to latch on to different parts of it depending on the kind of antibody it is and therefore it triggers a response which leads to the destruction of the SARS-CoV-2 virus particle within our body. Now this identification of what works what doesn't work is the memory that the body has which is what gives rise to a vaccine. So there are different kinds of vaccine earlier we used to have what is called the you know a inactivated virus particle itself a dead virus particle or inactivated virus particle then we have genetic engineered virus vaccines which can slip off a part of the virus particle and then use that to generate the antibody vaccine antibody in the body which is what leads to the vaccines. But the problem that is there is what's called immune escape that the vaccines have to change continuously as the virus itself changes and this immune escape property of the virus is why we need to take flu virus vaccines every year particularly for old people like us we did a flu vaccine but it changes every year and that's exactly what we find with SARS-CoV-2 as well it changes very rapidly.  Now this then the proteins that we embed here the parts of the virus you embed here are what would be called the parts of the virus which don't change that much that means even with all the immune escape we see the different virus variants you've got these don't seem to change that much and you take those parts and embed them into this nano rubber ball equivalent as it was like a soccer ball actually and then this experiment was done again with the team which was in Caltech and they took eight what would be called the Sarboka coronavirus family out of which of course SARS-CoV-2 is one of the viruses within the took and then they tried to create this this vaccine quote-unquote particle which would have different proteins embedded on its surface and this was used to it was tried on different animals and what it was found is that it seems to be able to protect that animal from the infection. This is the quest for the universal vaccine is what we're going to talk about with our experts in the studio and the interesting part is that at least we now have something in the lab it must be understood it is not it has a long way to go before it becomes a vaccine but you've got something in the lab and an approach which seems to indicate yes there is possibility of a universal covid vaccine. Coming first to Gautam, Gautam what has prevented us from doing this till now is it the knowledge science that we didn't know enough is it the technology we didn't know how to do this or is it the money and the political will shall we say that we should spend on this as a major exercise so at least I think it's partly the technology first because the ability to do this sort of bioengineering that makes something of the sort that we'll describe this today the nanoparticle with things coming out to it that represent parts of the virus that's a fairly recent breakthrough and of course money I think the large sums of money that have to be devoted to development to testing and finally taking it to humans certainly been inhibited earlier and now with now that the world has understood the impact of SARS-CoV-2 that barrier at least is much reduced and governments are prepared to invest very large sums of money the private sector is prepared to invest very large sums of money in this. So essentially the quest for a universal vaccine didn't really start or wasn't thought of such in as a possibility because you feel because the technology was really not up to it at that point so Vinita you from the other side meaning that you know the viruses as well what would be your response to the possibilities that we had earlier we didn't explore them or we didn't really have the ability to explore them. I think it's both Gautam is partly right in the sense that there were technological hurdles the paper that we will be referring to again is is a technological breakthrough of sorts but it's not the case that we haven't tried this earlier for example polio oral polio vaccine was a combination of three four polio strains so again because they were somewhat different they the combination was required so is the case with developing and developing dengue vaccine which is in the trial phase different problems with both dengue and polio are different but this principle of mixing individually prepared vaccines together so that at least hurdles of giving four injections or four oral doses is overcome by giving one single dose but technology to integrate all of this together by synthetic biology wasn't there as much as what we are seeing even today I'm sure there are difficulties. A part of it Satyajit is also that I unlike the case of polio say or certain other diseases where the this kind of change we seem to see in SARS-CoV-2 or in the flu virus that doesn't seem to be that much but in these cases these seem to change very rapidly is that also what makes the possibility of say the equivalent the polio vaccine much more difficult for flu as well as for COVID. So I'm going to disagree with both Gautam and Vinita that is the good part of it having three of you here so we get an actual discussion. Let me start with my agreements. Vinita is right of course we've been trying to make multiple strain specific vaccine formulations in a variety of infectious diseases for a long time with variable degrees of success polio has been a qualified but respectable success many others not so much and both she and Gautam are right that the recent technological report from a few months ago from Pamela Bjorkman's group is an interesting bioengineering trick for getting a certain kind of preferential immune response but I think that we are missing the elephant in the room in all of this and the elephant in the room is has got four legs one that all of this works if well if you know what the variant strains are it doesn't hold up particularly well if you don't know the strains now both my friends are going to point out that the Bjorkman paper actually tests for a couple of strains that were not included in the formulation that they tested and they still got immune response against it but those are all very closely related strains what will happen over six months or a year of maturation of virus evolution is entirely unknown the second leg is that the kind of antibody response that you want to get a so-called cross-strain specific protection is our imagination once we put that sort of pressure immune pressure onto a virus population it would not at all be surprising to begin to find virus variance emerging let's sidestep that kind of protection it's one of the extraordinary abilities of proliferating life and natural selection that this happens let me stop on two legs since my friends will want to respond to those before I get on to the elephant's hind legs they're going to get some hind legs here finally also but I think it's really too of you to respond to what you said my question also is one of the questions I had was are certain say parts of the virus shall we say in my layman's language are less variant to change a more conserved as it were and therefore a vaccine target there might be much more successful is that the argument so that's the argument that the paper makes that you can isolate parts of the virus that mutate less that are more conserved and isolate them and attach them to this nanoparticle so let me just describe what what the methodology of the paper is that's to make a roughly spherical nanoparticle with little legs that come out that are sticky legs to which you can attach parts of the virus you can attach multiple parts of the same virus or you can attach parts of different viruses or different variants of the same underlying virus in this particular case you can choose those parts such that they represent more conserved parts of the virus that don't change much through viral evolution so that's where I disagree a little bit with what Satjit says it's possible to do this a better job than a completely naive job by isolating those parts that don't change very much and there lies the hope for having a sort of pan coronavirus or pan sarbeco virus vaccine in that particular case so I don't think the situation is as bad as that certainly there will be mutations certainly there will be changes and there will be escape from the sort of pressures that are imposed by the vaccine but one may hope that it will last substantially longer than the short period if you only looked at those parts that change very rapidly well that's an interesting of course question which only future will answer we haven't still come to Satjit's hind legs so Vinita what would be your response to the elephants two front leg question that Satjit has posed to both of you I don't think he particularly contradicted what I had said he added his own leg to it so that's all right but what I was in fact thinking of was his argument is right that in this particular case the points the antigens or the parts which which have to be inserted into the nanoparticle one has to know them in advance so that there with there is going to be utility for this and in a sense it's it's one will never essentially win the race in a manner of speaking if the virus is capable of mutating very effectively like flu virus is or the coronaviruses are so in that sense what he was saying is correct but I probably would go I don't know what his third and fourth legs talk about but I was in fact thinking that this is a strategy that in principle it can be used even for unrelated virus what Gautam was referring to why do we have to predict that there will be sarbicoviruses which is what has been used here to make the mosaic particles that you use six or eight different subsets and then you have more protection for four additional subsets of the virus or strains of the virus instead of that can one actually simply use the way polio virus is designed which is what I was referring to that either you in insert relevant parts of the polio virus or relevant parts of Japanese encephalitis virus or together I mean all we need is decreasing the frequency of immunization if the vaccine is effective it's going to provide protective responses and long lasting responses all of this is not really tested for the in the paper but all I'm saying is that the strategy can be expanded and one doesn't have to necessarily look for sarbicoviruses variants as they will emerge in the future well the argument should be even it gives you a longer lasting vaccine than what we have now because this this particular one the covid 19 as well as the flu this seems to be particularly adept at changing and defeating the vaccines we have so that we have to have the next generation next year's vaccines for the indexes and kind of thing so Satyajit responding to these two is only a small part of what I expect you to do I really want you to go also on the two other legs that you are threatening to I will not say kick us with but nevertheless put this put it up to us so so let me start that by pointing out the really interesting bioengineering biological trick involved in what Bjorkman and her colleagues have done Gautam points out that they're taking little nano balls and they are spacing sticky bits on these nanoballs what they are then doing is putting complementary velcro sticky bits of virus onto these nanoballs in such a mixture that no two neighboring sticking bits on any given nanoball are the same variation and because the immune response likes to bind to more than one site at a time in order to make a good response the hope that Bjorkman and her colleagues had which seems to have been realized in a controlled situation is that only those antibody making cells whose antibodies can recognize multiple variants will be most efficiently triggered this is really the heart of the Bjorkman trick it's also the reason why the technology is particularly of interest for a virus family with multiple minor but consequential variations I'm not suggesting that Vinita's point is not valid of course it's a technology that can be used much more broadly but this particular angle makes it very attractive for generating what is called cross protective across minor variations strain protective antipaxene immunity that brings me to my two hind legs of the elephant in the room which is the first of which is that these responses means that the cell that is responding to this nanoparticle is not actually binding to the nanoparticle with uniform binding potency because different parts of it are binding to different targets and therefore the potency of binding to different targets is variable it is quite possible that as a consequence not just the magnitude of the antibody response that will result but more importantly the duration of the antibody response that will result might be handicapped in consequence this is this sort of stuff in with some caveats has happened in experimental immune situations in the past so it is a genuine worry as the third leg but the fourth leg of the elephant is to do with real life situations in communities which is all of this we are talking about when we immunize an animal with the this combination of SARS-CoV-2 variant targets the animal has never seen any such target at all so far and therefore the cells in the animal that are responding to this engineered target we hope are strain cross-protective cells what happens as with the real life situation of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 where the bulk of us are either vaccinated and pretty much universally infected in the past with one or two or maybe at most three strains with all the expanded antibody making memory cells in us that recognize those one or two targets with high efficiency that then becomes an enormous problem for this entire Bjorkman model the model works beautifully in controlled laboratory situations whether it will do so in the far messier real life situation I think is the real elephant in the room well I think we have covered a lot of ground I have not come to the trunk of the elephant which I am inclined to at the moment that if all this succeeds and succeeds so well that we eradicate most of the diseases like smallpox will it happen that the therefore the vaccines will vaccine making will stop and be equally unprepared in the future a completely thought experiment now I don't think that's likely that we've seen I think that 80 percent or 70 to 80 percent of all new infections or novel viruses come to us from zoonotic sources from animal sources hope yet perpetual sources for sort of new things to happen over there you say hope yet for new diseases yes and new vaccines any closing thoughts with it and Satyajit to anything that has been discussed or you know you want to put further into the room Satyajit please bear with our audience they don't understand a lot of the stuff that you say and you throw out so try if you if you can leave the science out or make it a little more such that we can understand it might be easier for us you know unfortunately we are not well equipped to handle particularly the biological sciences the most complex of all the sciences that we have Benita first yeah well I know Satyajit what Satyajit described as a forklift it's a very technical point but it is completely something one that I accept and concur with what he's saying what he had said but about the generalities I agree with Gautam that uh with with time our numbers are going up our as in human beings numbers are going up jungle and environmental protection which needs to be there is not there there are multiple many more chances with the time that they're the zoonotic viruses that means those which are primarily the diseases of the non-human animals but they jump into the human beings the ways our scope is supposed to have happened so that those are the likelihoods that we will have to live with so in a sense need for new vaccines is something that is going to stay I don't know for how long certainly be much beyond our lifetimes since all of us here are looking quite elderly to me so including myself so I don't think the the end of that effort is anywhere inside and also I I think the while we discuss the technology the current technology that we were discussing of this mosaic particle which was which is being uh in uh interestingly developed I suspect even for that technology to be to become feasible for me in uh for the companies pharmaceutical companies or vaccine manufacturing companies so that mass production is possible is still very far away so this currently what we are talking about is excitement and going up and down jumping up and down essentially thinking oh wow this is something interesting this is something new whether it will reach ultimately multiple hurdles that it still has to cross it's very hard to say so Tijit the wise words of the sage um I don't know about that but let me make three very quick points firstly is this a cool new trick absolutely yes it is just truly cool new trick is it going to solve the vaccine problem no it's not um vaccine problems are multi-layered and multi-dimensional and this is this is a really interesting instrument but it's not going to solve all our vaccine problems um it's going to be interesting in a specific sector of vaccines however let me end with my third point which is when are the poor people of the world going to see this new technology and how are they going to see it um the um clinical trials that are starting off the ottmann's vaccine are of course um entrepreneurial companies um what the intellectual property rights are is anybody's guess at this point but given what we have seen over the past three years with the mRNA technology um I'm left skeptical about the speed with which technologies of this sort can achieve two outcomes of interest to society firstly to actually reach people in need as vaccines and secondly to reach poor economies in an effort at techno commercial decentralization across the world of societal commons and it underlines a point that keeps coming up over and over again over the past three years with the mRNA technology which is our response for ensuring social justice in these matters of biotechnology should not be technology specific because here is an entirely new technology about which different questions from our mRNA technology are going to come up and we are going to need to address those just as much as we need cross protective vaccines we need cross protection for social justice and access with biotechnology I think that's a very point you're raising which we didn't have time today to discuss which we need to address at some point hopefully sooner lot rather than later if there is some success on this but it's interesting that you raised that because this is being funded the clinical trials have been funded by SAP and as you know that's a Bill Gates foundation and I mean behind it and they seem to hold a lot of influence on that area and they believe in patents and commercialization through companies rather than it becoming a public good so we will leave it at that and let us hope that at least the science and technology of it succeeds so that we can fight the bigger social and economic battle on that thank you very much to have you with us really today it's good that we have had Gotham with us in the studio otherwise normally these discussions given the sparsity of shall we say scientific and tech people in this world at least on accessible to us that we really get really rarely get to see people in the studio and of course Satyajandrita both of you who have been with me on a lot of these discussions particularly Satyajit trying to talk about COVID-19 and all the issues there and unfortunately for us those issues are not going away soon this is all the time we have for news clicks science show this week and we'll come back to you with more such issues in the future


This is the SF Productions Podcast Network. Artists unite. From the Pop Culture Bunker, I'm Mindy. And I'm Mark. You can check out our audio podcast, How I Got My Wife to Read Comics on iTunes, or on our website, sfpodcastnetwork.com. We wrap up our history of the movie studios with a company that has gone through more restructuring and owners than you can count, United Artists. It started in 1919 after Charlie Chaplin couldn't get his studio at the time, First National, which would eventually be absorbed into Warner Brothers to increase his production budget, despite being their big draw. Meanwhile, Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks were waiting for their contracts at First National and famous Players' Lasky, which would later become Paramount to be renamed, and it wasn't happening. A detective discovered that the studios were colluding plans to merge and force exhibitors into five-year contracts. The three stars worked with director D.W. Griffith, who was also getting screwed by his studios to form a new venture they would co-own, United Artists. The goal was to have a studio where select artists could control their own work. Richard Rowland, head of Metro Pictures, later part of MGM, said at the time, the inmates are taking over the asylum. Plans for each star to produce five films a year were abandoned by the time United Artists actually started production in 1921, as films have gotten much more complex and lengthy by then. Their first film, His Majesty the American, written by and starring Fairbanks, was a hit. However, it was difficult to parlay that as films were funded through prepayments by theater owners. This normally happened via public stock offerings. In its first five years, United Artists only made five films annually. This setup didn't last long. By 1924, Griffith dropped out, and Joseph Schneck was brought in to run things. Schneck would later create 20th Century Pictures, which became 20th Century Fox. Schneck brought his wife, actress Norma Tomage, her sister Constance, and her brother Buster Keaton. Independent producers were signed up, including Samuel Goldwyn, Howard Hughes, and Schneck's production company, 20th Century. Schneck also got Pickford and Chaplin to invest in movie theaters, eventually making it into 40 countries. When Schneck was rebuffed to get an ownership share, that's when he left and formed 20th Century Fox. More producers came through. Walt Disney, Hal Roach, David O. Selznick, the latter almost brought gun with the wind, United Artists, except that Selznick wanted Clark Gable for the main lead, who was contracted to MGM, so it went to them instead. Fairbanks passed the same year as Gun with the Wind. In 1941, Pickford, Chaplin, Disney, Orson Welles, Goldwyn, Selznick, and others formed the Society of Independent Motion Picture Producers, SIMP, with a goal to fight the studio system that basically controlled the film industry. They were the ones to begin the process that ended up in the Supreme Court, forcing studios to divest themselves of their theater chains, including UAE, of course. By the late 50s, the studio system was dead. By 1950, UAE was doing very poorly, partly new to the new influence of television, plus very poor management. Several presidents came through, but couldn't seem to turn things around. Then, attorneys Arthur B. Krim and Robert Benjamin proposed an idea. Let them take over, run things for a few years, and if they could make UAE profitable, they would have the option to buy out half the company. They got a loan to keep things going, making shows for TV which the other studios wouldn't touch. They also divested UAE of an actual physical studio, preferring to rent existing space, plentiful since the studios were all hurting. Keep in mind that most independent productions by then were done on location, anyway. They also signed up producer John Houston, who gave them the African Queen and Mulan Rouge. Actors being released from their studio contracts became a source of production as well. By 1958, UAE was making $3 million in profits. By this time, Chaplin and Pickford had both gotten cold feet and sold out to Krim and Benjamin, leaving them in total ownership of the company. Like most studios of the 60s, they diversified into a record company and kept snapping up production companies, especially for television. They bought out Warner Brothers' early short subjects and Paramount's Popeye cartoons. Ziv television would be renamed United Artist Television, going on to produce Gilligan's Island, The Patty Duke Show, The Fugitive, and The Outer Limits, among others. They didn't slow down in the 60s on the film's side, releasing West Side Story and It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World, A Hard Day's Night, The Pink Panther series, The Spaghetti Westerns, and The Greatest Story Ever Told. UAE also invested in the production team of Harry Saltzman and Albert Broccoli, who had purchased screen rights to a certain British secret agent. The James Bond franchise would bankroll the company for decades. Like most studios of the late 60s, they became part of a larger enterprise. Trans America bought them out in 1967, setting up a new management and a new logo, incorporating their T emblem. Films from this period, in the heat of the night, and the graduate. While getting great reviews, these films didn't make a lot of money, and UAE was in the red again. Crimin Benjamin returned by 1970, bringing up Fiddler on the Roof, Manila Mancha, One Flew of the Cuckoo's Nest, Annie Hall, and Rocky. Two films in the mid-70s, Midnight Cowboy and The Last Tango and Parrot in Paris, both got an X rating, creating concerns for Trans America, who wanted their name removed, and later wanted the UAE name to be phased out entirely. In 1978, a dispute over expenses boiled over into a walkout by many of UAE's management, including Crimin Benjamin, who set up a new company, Orion Pictures, a few days later. UAE, under yet again new management, had a huge 1979. Rocky II, Manhattan, Moonraker, The Black Stallion, which gave them enough confidence to back Heaven's Gate, a monumental disaster losing $37 million, turning UAE into a sinkhole again. Trans America sold it off to Kirk, Kirkorian, who also owned MGM, forming MGM UAE. President David Beckleman produced 11 films in two years with only one porter guys to hit. He was quickly gone. Despite later hits, war games and octopussy, Kirkorian sold MGM UAE off to Ted Turner in 1986, who was buying its content to power his cable empire. Kirkorian then bought back UAE's assets due to the huge debt Turner had generated. Again, keep in mind, that Turner just wanted the content. The now renamed MGM UAE Communications Company moved forward doing TV and film production. Its 82% share went up for sale in 1988, but never worked out. The company fell apart, and despite several attempts, could not complete a sale, even to an Australian conglomerate that already owned the Hal Roach Library that both MGM and UAE had originally distributed in the 30s. In the 1990s, UAE became a pawn in multiple sales and resales of their assets, including an Italian promoter who planned to merge it with France's Pathet, except that sale fell through. Despite that, it was already being called UMGM Pathet. Later, it was actually renamed MGM despite the fact that no trace of the original MGM was there. Credit Lionet, a French financial firm, wound up with a company and brought in a new president to restart productions, including Showgirls, with a reboot of the Bond and Pink Panther franchises. By 1996, by 2000, UAE had become a specialty production company doing art house films and keeping up the Bond franchise. Blowing for Columbine and Hotel Rwanda came out of this period. In 2005, a consortium of Sony, Comcast and some merchant banks bought out MGM and UAE. MGM's distribution system was shut down and UAE's productions and progress moved to Sony Pictures Classic. A year later, Tom Cruise announced he was resurrecting UAE and then sharing the company. This only lasted until 2008, after which only two films, the Fame, Remake and Hot Tub Time Machine came out under the UAE banner. Three attempts have been made since then to resurrect UAE as a brand. 2014 saw Mark Burnett and Roma Downey create UAE Media Group with the intention of creating an over-the-top, faith-based channel. It wound up distributing Survivor. 2018 saw MGM relaunching UAE as a digital production company using MGM's existing intellectual property for short-form content. 2019 saw MGM and Anna Perna Pictures forming UAE releasing as a distribution company 100 years to the day of UAE's founding. We told you it was complicated. Certainly was. Much more, much more complicated. Yes, and that finishes up our review of the major studios. Yes. Go back and review them all. There'll be a test later. And then you can check out our audio podcast How I Got My Wife 3 Comics on iTunes or on our website sfpodcast.work.com From the Pop Culture Bunker, I'm Mindy. And I'm Mark. Thanks for watching.


And then maybe an issue that is getting more to the meat of what you guys are interested in. And this is going to be the cutting edge. And I keep having to revise my class slides every semester because there's something new coming up in this area. Warrantless GPS tracking. Warrantless GPS tracking. Now it's clear. If the police go ahead and get a search warrant and comply with a search warrant and a judge approves it, there is no issue. Geospatial intelligence of any kind with a search warrant is going to be OK as long as there was probable cause as we defined it. The problem is in most of these cases, as you've seen, and for reasons that are not entirely clear to me, maybe they don't have enough evidence, the police do this without a search warrant. And if you've followed me from the start, you know then that if the police do it without a warrant, then they have to show that the Fourth Amendment does not apply. To show that the Fourth Amendment does not apply, they have to then show that there was no reasonable expectation of privacy in, in this case, a person's movements. Now the police argue when they put the slap GPS trackers onto vehicles, that's mostly what it is, and then track it from satellites, that your movements in a public place, I mean what can be more plain view than that? That is the essence of plain view. You're traveling around on public roads. Where is the privacy? Where is the privacy right? Well, what the courts are starting to say, and this is where this is exactly minute by minute cutting edge sort of development of law. Well, yes, your public movements are open. And yes, in the old days, the cops could have just assigned an officer to follow you 24-7, or I guess three officers on eight-hour shifts to follow you 24-7. And there would be no need for a warrant. They're just following you around where you're driving. Everybody gets that. You don't need a warrant. There's no privacy there if you're driving on the road and they just follow you. But the argument that some judges are starting to make and that I discuss in my IST 452 class is that the nature and the all-encompassing sort of abilities of surveillance technology these days are raising what I call in class and what some legal scholars have called the creepiness factor. Yes, police could have followed you 24-7 for three weeks. But is it likely that they would have done so, that they would have had the resources or the personnel or the money it would cost to do that, to dedicate one or three officers to your case? Now they can do it just by slapping a GPS device on your car. And that's what they do. Your car is parked in a public place, they just slap the GPS device on, and they can track you 24-7. And this is what courts are starting to grapple with.


QuickBooks Online 2023, invoice selling inventory. Get ready to start moving on up with QuickBooks Online 2023. Here we are in our Get Great Guitars practice file. We started up in a prior presentation using the 30-day free trial. We also have the free QuickBooks Online sample company open. If you want these two things open at the same time, we suggest using the incognito window or another browser. You can open the incognito window if using Google Chrome by selecting the three dots in the browser and picking the incognito window, then searching in the search engine for QuickBooks Online Test Drive. We're going to be using the sample company to compare and contrast the accountant view, which is the view that the Get Great Guitars file is in and the business view, the view the sample company is in. You can change between the two views by going to the cog dropdown up top and switching the view on down below. We're going to be opening a couple tabs to put our reports in. As we do every time, we're going to duplicate the tab by right-clicking on it and duplicate it. Right-click on the duplicated tab to duplicate it again. Back to the tab to the middle as the tab to the right is thinking reports on the left-hand side, opening up the balance sheet report, one of the favorites. If you're in the other view, the business view, by the way, the reports are located in the business overview and then the reports, and that's where they are there. Let's go to the tab to the right. Support Accounting Instruction by clicking the link below, giving you a free month membership to all of the content on our website, broken out by category, further broken out by course. Each course then organized in a logical, reasonable fashion, making it much more easy to find what you need and then can be done on a YouTube page. We also include added resources such as Excel practice problems, PDF files, and more like QuickBooks backup files when applicable. So once again, click the link below for a free month membership to our website and all the content on it. Right now, go to the reports at the bottom and open up the P to the L, the profit and the loss. Otherwise, known as the income statement, claim or close the hamburger and change the range from 010123, tab 123123, tab, run it to refresh it, nothing's in it yet, but we're getting there. Stuff's gonna happen here this time. This is when, this is a big moment. We're gonna go to the tab to the middle and then close the booger again and change the range from 010123 to 123123, run it to refresh it. That's the setup process we do every time. In prior presentations, we set up the new company file, we put our beginning balances in place, we set up our service items, our inventory items, our chart of accounts, and then we've entered transactions common to starting a business, financing the business by taking out a loan and putting our personal money into the checking account to build the capital so that we can then buy stuff which means we bought, for example, the furniture and equipment that we're gonna use, that's an investment in the business to generate revenue in the future and we put money into the inventory assets. Now, finally, we can start selling stuff. So people coming in to the shop and this is where it happens here. So now we're gonna have an invoice for the sale of inventory. So I'm gonna go back to the tab to the left, note that everything's set up to make the inventory or the invoice as easy as possible or a sales receipt as easy as possible was that we went down to the, if I go into the sales item, you'll recall that we set up our products and services and we've got our items nice and set up. So now when we enter the sales transactions, you want to imagine it to be as easy as possible, for example, so that like a check register person can be at a check register and just you bring something up to them and they could just record it or even you can scan it yourself even though the transaction is actually quite complex, especially if you're tracking inventory as we will see. And we know that that tab, if I was using the business view, by the way, if I go on over here was under the get paid and paid tab products and services, there's our products and services. So now we're gonna make a sale. So I'm gonna go up top and go to the new button to make the sale. We use the invoice if we're making the sale on account, that's gonna be common for businesses like the bookkeeping businesses, a law firm landscaping, we do the work and then we're gonna collect the money with the receive payment in the future as opposed to a situation where you get paid at the same time at like a cash register, for example, that might be in a store and a restaurant in a food truck. Notice that that's the other way that we might get money on the customer side of things, the customer cycle is we might have the deposit form that we just record as the sales. Note that if that was the case, you'd be in an industry that's gonna be more simplified of an industry. Typically you get paid by like YouTube or you get paid through a gig economy, some platform is paying you, then you might use bank feeds, for example, and just record the deposit form and record that to income. You're gonna lose a little bit of the richness of the reporting that way because the deposit form isn't really designed to be the sales forms as the invoices and sales receipts are, they don't have the things like the service items related to them, but they work quite well if you're in that kind of business where you could just record revenue as you get the deposit. So it depends on the industry. Here we're gonna go to the invoice, imagining that we're gonna enter an invoice. We wanna do the invoice related to the sale of an inventory item because that's gonna be the more complex type of invoice. So up top we've got the client or the customer, I'm gonna say Anderson. We already have Anderson here so you could start typing it in, then it'll populate or you can add it up top. Tab and everything populates so that looks good. So we've got the email address which is commonly necessary if we're gonna be emailing which more and more is common if you're in a situation where you're sending out the invoices. We've got the billing address, the terms. We set our standard terms to be net 30. Remember that you can change the terms for an individual customer and you could set basically your standard terms. That means that we want to be paid within 30 days of the issuance of the invoice which I'm gonna say is on the 16th. So we issue the invoice on the 16th we'll say and that means the due date will be 30 days later February 15th, 2023. The invoice number populates automatically so that's good. We've got the location of the sale which is gonna be standard and necessary because that's gonna be used to calculate the sales tax. So it's picking up our store location that we set up by default. We're not gonna be adding any tags and then down below we've got the products that we're going to be selling. So let's add our items. So we have them set up already.  We'll populate the invoice an ELP and so we're gonna say ELP tab, description populates. We're gonna say that there's five. Notice it gives us a nice little thing, quantity on hand and quantity on purchase order. So I'm gonna say that we want the five of these and then the rate is gonna be 500. That's gonna give us the 2,500. It is taxable. We set that up when we set up the item. Now the tax is gonna be applied, that tax being the sales tax, the usage tax. And then an EPR, we're gonna want tab and that one is gonna be, we'll just say one of those 550 and that one didn't populate as taxable. I'm gonna check that it should be a taxable item. I'm gonna check my items over here. Okay, so it should be set up as a taxable item. Okay, and then the next one's gonna be an EPSH and we'll populate that one. And we're just gonna say that we want one of those. So that looks good, okay? So that looks good. So that comes out to the 3,450. Then we have the sales tax, which is populating by location and we put our location in California in Beverly Hills for the practice problem. That's where it's calculating then the sales tax. You can adjust the sales tax if you needed to for whatever reason by going in here and you can override the sales tax. So it's populating, you can see the detail in here, you can override it, you have to give it a reason. I'm gonna close this out and say, hold on a sec, do you want to leave without saving? I'm gonna say no, let's close it out this way and then say yes, I wanna leave. And then I also have included this 5% rate. Now I'm gonna use the 5% rate to have just a generic problem for the sales tax. That's the idea. You can change it here if you added that 5% rate or you can change it here by adjusting the math if you wanna match up with our practice problem. I'm gonna right click on the tab to the right, just to show you the sales tax tab and see where you can add that information so you can go to the taxes on the left hand side. I believe it's the same under the business view and then you've got your sales tax tab up top and then you can set up your sales tax settings and I set up this other rate down here at just the 5% as another option so it'll be my generic 5% tab. Okay, closing that out back to the tab to the left. What's this gonna do? It's actually fairly complex of a transaction even though the data input's fairly easy. It's gonna increase the accounts receivable because it's an invoice. The other side's gonna go to sales. It's gonna increase the accounts receivable for the full amount by the way, plus the sales tax. The other side's gonna go to sales driven by the items which are telling it which income account to go to but it's only gonna go up by the 3,450, the amount we charged, the sales tax which we're imagining isn't us charging therefore not income but we're just a tax collector. That's actually the tax from the state local government to the customers. That's gonna go to a payable account for the sales tax and there's gonna be a decrease in the inventory driven by the items we sold and cost of goods sold, the expense account for us consuming the inventory is gonna go up for amounts, decrease of the inventory, increase in our cost of goods sold that aren't on the invoice but known by the system because we put them in place with the items. So the impact on the income statement, increase to income, 3,450, minus the increase in cost of goods sold which we don't see on the invoice because it's driven by the items. We'll check it out when we record it. Also, there's gonna be the sub ledger for the accounts receivable impacted for Anderson guitars which will be tracking by customer and the sub ledger for inventory will go down in terms of units as well as dollar amounts. So actually a lot going on we could add a message down here we can have an attachment if we need we can cancel clear, we can print preview let's do that, let's print preview the report because oftentimes we'll email it. So this is a report if you're doing invoices that a client will see so you might wanna customize it this is a customizable invoice so we might go into those options to do that later to make it look nice because it's not just an internal data input form and then you can make it reoccurring you can customize here and then you've got your more options to copy, void, delete, transaction journal and so on. So let's go ahead and save and close I'm gonna hit the rise up or the drop down save it and close it and check it out. So if I go to the tab to the right the balance sheet and run it we should have an increase to accounts receivable that's what an invoice does let's go into that and check it out. There it is, there's the 3622 if I go into that drilling down to the source document that's for the full amount, 362250 that looks good, scroll in back up I'm gonna close up the invoice and go back to my form the other side's on the income statement to the profit and loss, run it finally activity has happened there's our sales note that the sales is on the books for they give us three line items there were three line items on the invoice but the total 3450 does not include the sales tax so they put it on line item by line item and the sales tax is not included where does the sales tax go to be in balance closing this back out back to our income statement that's gonna be on the balance sheet back to the balance sheet and then we go down to the liabilities we should have a payable they put it into the California department because it's going into that's the vendor that we pay for the sales tax and that could help you instead of just putting it into a generic sales tax payable account if you had multiple sales taxes that you're gonna pay because it's gonna break it out by department instead of what you would expect which would be like sales tax payable but we're gonna go in there and there it is there's the sales tax being calculated and that is that 172 that we put on the generic sales tax item it's only one line item because we did the generic tax if you did the California tax that might break it out into three line items because you're actually paying three different kind of for three different kind of things state, local and whatever and so then I'm gonna go back and then inventory also impacted so if I go up to inventory that's gonna go down so if I go into that you can see this one invoice had four line items related to it because there's multiple line items on the invoice if I scroll down a little bit more and go into one of those you can see that that 1600 for example that amounts not here because it's going down by by it's going down by the cost not by the sales price this is the sales price so I'm gonna close this back out also note that you might say hey look there's three line items here and there's four and there's like four line items here and I believe that's due in part to the fact that they're using a tracking of first and first out for the flow assumptions and so possibly due to layers on the flow assumptions you might end up with different levels here versus what's on the line items on the invoices I believe is what's going on with that so let's go back up I'm gonna go back up and back and then the other sides on the profit and loss report and the cost of good sold representing the expense of us consuming the inventory when we used it to generate revenue so we're matching the time period this isn't when we paid for it necessarily it's when we used it when we sold it so we're gonna go into that and there is the other side for the cost of good sold so then the impact on the profit and loss we can see clearly because this is the one only transaction we have sales went up by the sales price cost of good sold the expense went up by the cost of the goods that we sold gross profit is the difference between the two now also what's impacted if I go back to the tab to the left we've got the accounts receivable also needs to be broken out not by just the date of the transaction but by who owes us the money we can see that in report form and we can see it in the detail on the left hand side when we track our customers so let's go to the tab to the right right click on it and duplicate the tab and look at it first in report form so we're gonna go to the reports on the left hand side which we've seen in the past and then I'm gonna scroll down a bit and we're gonna go down to the AR who owes you and we can look at a couple of these but a common one is the accounts receivable aging summary let's look at that one and change the range or just the date 12, 31, 2, 3 run it and it breaks out the dates here because I put it at the end of the year that's why it's all over 90 but the point is we've got the people that owe us money broken out in that format and then the total ties out to the 24, 122, 50 that's what should be on the balance 24, 122, 50 now in practice we're gonna have to collect on that receivable so we're often gonna go internally tab to the left into the sales tab on the left hand side and then we're gonna be tracking this information by going to the sales tab and then we might go into the customers and then closing the hamburger and we can look at our customers we can look at our invoices up top and look at the open invoices this way that will show us our customers that have open invoices this one has two of them for Anderson I can go into Anderson there's our open invoices and then we might also go into our sales tab over here and then look at the all sales up top and we can search in here as well sorting our sales transactions note that if you're in the business view these are in a different little bit different location they're kind of separated if we were on the get paid and paid area that's where your customers are and then if you were in the bookkeeping area that's when you can go into your transactions up top where we saw the expenses before now we're on the all sales transactions they kind of put those side by side in a little bit different fashion on the business view but once in here we can then say okay now we can sort our transactions they got some sorting options up top so we've got for example open invoices I can select that item and there's our open invoices you see the dropdown we got all invoices here you can also sort for it this way all invoices and we've got those invoices here that were set up when we set up the beginning balances and this is the invoices that we created now we would expect the next thing to happen is we receive payment we'll go into the receive payment in a future presentation and obviously when we're communicating with the client we're gonna have the receive payment and we might then send them reminders or statements about the open invoices that they have that we could set up to do periodically okay let's do another one so we're gonna go back on over and say let's do another one let's hit the plus button up top make another invoice this one I'm gonna say is gonna go for Jones guitars which I think we already have a client we're a customer for Jones guitars so it's set up good to go we're gonna got the email address and so that looks good billing and we're gonna have the terms of 30 days that looks good let's set the date let's move the date up like a day here I'm just gonna hit the plus button so that that moves it up a day so that's like a little bit of a quick way to do that we've got the invoice number populating automatically the sales location populating which will help us to calculate the sales tax generally no tax that we're gonna be adding and then I'm just gonna type in what they're purchasing they're gonna be buying a G I U S A and so that's a Gibson USA we're gonna say the quantity we'll just keep it at one so we're gonna say there it is and then that's good and it should be taxable so it is a taxable item so I'm gonna say okay and then we've got a ELP so I'm gonna say ELP and that's gonna be an epiphone less Paul so that looks good so we'll say that one and so that's gonna be an epiphone we're gonna say we want eight of those I'm gonna say eight of those it is a taxable item so that looks good and so that puts us at 4,380 and then I'm gonna change the sales tax for the generic problem to be to be the 5% so we'll change it to the 5% to make it generic you can change it there or you can change the math here if you just wanna work work and make it kind of a generic 5% for practice problem purposes okay so that what's this gonna do same thing let's just let's just recite it again it's an invoice that means the council receivable is gonna go up by the full amount including sales tax 4,599 the other side then is gonna go to revenue but only by the 4,380 on the income statement because that's what we charged the difference is sales tax 219 it's not on the income statement because in theory we didn't charge them that amount by the way the expense is also not on the income statement you can imagine a system where we charged the 219 as income and then expense when we pay the expense that would be kind of like if we were if it was part of our business but we're trying to imagine that we're just a tax collector and therefore the income's not hitting and therefore we have no expense related to it as well it's just go into a payable account it's a balance sheet item not going through the income statement increase in the payable by the 219 also inventory's going down by an amount not on the invoice but driven by the items and cost of goods sold the expense related to us selling the inventory is going up the net impact on the income statement will be the increase in the sales price minus the cost of goods sold and the accounts receivable sub ledger will track the accounts receivable by customer not just by dollar amount and the sub ledger for inventory will track inventory on a perpetual basis by unit not just by dollar amount so a lot going on actually quite complex we're going to save it and close it and check it out so now let's go to the tab to the right to check it out and we're going to we're going to run it up top run it running I don't think I looked at the inventory report last time we'll look at it this time accounts receivable has been changed so there's Jones Jones is on there that looks good that amount four thousand five ninety nine is the full amount including the sales tax closing that back out back to the balance sheet other sides on the income statement tab to the right run it to refresh it income sales has gone up now it's going up it put multiple line items to increase it because we have multiple line items notice the prices though four thousand three and three eighty do not include the sales tax of the two nineteen so we're out of balance by the sales tax where does that go double entry accounting system has to be in balance back to the report it's going to be back on the balance sheet in the liability section and this is the tax we're collecting for our trustee California Department of Administration basically sales tax payable there it is there's the dip for rents on that one but we're not done yet we're not done yet going back we also have inventory going down because we're tracking it on a perpetual system not a not a periodic one not a periodic one inventory let's go into that one it's going down multiple line items tracking the inventory for three oh oh one it's going down by amounts here three thousand two hundred three oh four that aren't actually on the invoice but driven by the items the system knows what they are just like when you check out something on the grocery store and you don't know how much they paid for it but the system does and it records it in a perpetual inventory system even though you're just simply running the thing across scanner and then the other side is going to the income statement and the cost of the goods that are sold expensing them as we're selling them matching in accordance with the accrual matching principle at the same time so there we have it so let's close that out also that's not all that's not all the net impact on net income is the income minus the cost of goods sold if I go back to the balance sheet we've got to the A to the R needs to be broken out also by uh... by customer which we could see in report form on the sub ledger updating the sub ledger we ran last time it's now at twenty eight uh... seven twenty one we owe we are owed money by anderson jones and smith guitars for that twenty eight seven twenty one that should tie out to the balance sheet twenty eight seven twenty one also if i go to the top of the left and track this internally i can look at my sales items i now have five open invoices that i can expect to receive payment on in the future if i look at this in terms of customers sales tab customers then i can look for the open invoices by customer and so now we've got that way to that way to see it as well and so i could go into jones guitars and say i expect payments from jones guitars here we can send them statements and whatnot if we so choose let's also look at the inventory this inventory should have a sub ledger breaking out by unit let's go to the tab to the right right click on it duplicate that tab and then go to the reports on the left hand side the reports and then we're going to go into let's just type in inventory inventory valuation summary change the date to twelve thirty one two three run it and so now we've got the unit item the items and the quantity and then the dollar amount forty thousand six seven six that should tie out to what's on the balance sheet and their forty thousand six seven six looks good now obviously the invoice would be a lot more simplistic if you just had a service item and no sales tax right but when you get into the tracking inventory perpetually and have the sales tax then there's quite a lot of action going on with the invoices actually a lot a lot happen you gotta make sure it's set up properly to have it all working systematically let's take a look at our trial balance now to see where we stand i'm gonna go to the tab to the right duplicated right click to duplicate it got a lot of action going on up top let's go to the reports on the left and type in trustee trial balance the trustee tb not tuberculosis trial balance we're gonna change the range of one oh one two three twelve thirty one two three twelve thirty one two three run it to refresh it and so this is where we stand at this point if you're following along in your matching out great if not try changing the date range it's often a date range issue if you see numbers change when you change the range drill down on that changed range change dollar amount and then see if you could possibly change the date which you gotta be careful of in practice but works well for a practice problem and uh... and then we'll we'll also do a report by transaction report at the end of entering the first month of data input to further drill down on any differences


We think Psyche is the metal core of a small planet that was destroyed in the high energy, high speed, first one-one-hundredth of the solar system's time. It is the only way that humankind can ever visit a metal core because Psyche is the only body like it in the solar system and we can never go to the Earth's core.


The Nigerian Sachet economy, sachetization, coined from the word sachet refers to the sale of goods in the smallest possible units. Sachetization is the response of entrepreneurs and businesses to the growing level of poverty in the society which has impacted buyers purchasing power. From food items to laundry, sanitary, water, and other essentials, sachetization has become the order of the day. Businesses that failed to jump on this bandwagon faced the risk of revenue loss and eventual closure. While sachetization might be an innovative idea for businesses, it is a reflection of the degree of poverty in the country. Average real income of many households have significantly dropped in the past years as we experienced double digit inflation. This has had a multiply effect on the economy. It's a call on the government at all levels to create and enabling environments for businesses to thrive and the economy to grow. I completely understand. So what do you think guys? I'm just going to hold my laughter. This is so funny. I love that word sachetization. I think when a certain brand was going, I think it was four cousins and someone said there's not one cousin in sachet. Again, it reviews the level of the poverty in the system. Of course, it looks like innovation where oh hi guys, we now have our product in sachet, it's not quick, it's easy to use and all of those things. Why that buzz might be very interesting and it be sexy. But the truth is we are gradually on a time bomb. So we're sleeping into like there's a lot of problems. So we have to fix and I agree with Roots ending caption which is create an enabling environment for businesses to thrive. You know when they say oh there are no jobs and we come out from school, there are no jobs, we have become an entrepreneur. But it's not an enabling environment for it to even to five percent entrepreneur. So it's even about fixing the trigger to some innovation might not really be good innovation so to speak. It's a function of well there's no money. So I'm just going to innovate to make it look like it's frenzy. So I think I understand when we begin to go out, sachetization everything sachet, everything sachet and then we're gradually on a time bomb without even realizing it. So the real trigger is fixing the lack of enabling environment and it's really important. I actually not call it innovation. It's actually adaptation. So you see the reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. It's adaptation. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. Reaction. but how long are we going to become comfortable in this country the government should try as much as possible to invest in social security food, other things, businesses and all those new drugs make sure things are done what things that needed to be done should be done so that the country can try we can't just be happy suffering and smiling in the local balance suffering and smiling that's what we love to see and we are all okay no we are not okay let's just do something about it I still applaud the businesses for adapting to the situation to be fine you're very right I think what even triggered this this entire topic for me was that I went about I went somewhere and I was looking for a particular item and this is an item that you typically you would never find is sachets and I got there and this was really a very poor community I asked around for the main item I couldn't find all they had was the sachets and in my head I'm like what happened like this is just like this is an essential item how come it's just in sachets it just tells you that people cannot afford to buy things in bulk anymore and there was a time there was there was I saw a picture of people selling yam slices so I'm sure that they were selling I mean caught yam in the market yam slices in the market so it just shows you that there is a level of poverty in the country that as Vicksha said it's a time bomb we are really sitting on a time bomb now and it needs to be fixed as quickly as possible whatever it takes and it all starts with creating an environment where businesses can thrive as much as I mean I applaud socialists but I also always believe that an economy can grow well if there are businesses if there are companies that can create jobs because at the end of day you only earn money from jobs or if you're doing your own business so if there are companies that will create jobs and those companies have to be protected they shouldn't be stifled there shouldn't be policies that would stop them from functioning they have to be protected because they are like are saving grace right now in this country and so whatever it takes the government has to work on building an environment where the economy where the businesses can actually thrive as the businesses thrive they employ more people and as they employ more people the economy will begin to burst that's simple economics one-on-one but this I mean it's no brainer I think water is really angry right now I mean such a water is like you guys are competing with me I'm supposed to be the only such it's always such a story we want to have but now everything is such as everything so water is really angry well I think that like Ruth said policy is critical it comes back to policy there's a certain sector of the business or the sector of the economy that is really feeling the heat with the policy you know stifling the business operations and I mean just what we want to do is to build viable ideas young entrepreneurs want to solve want to solve problems right and we want to scale those problems to becoming solutions and creating businesses out of those problems because I interact with these people right I mean that's nothing wrong to do just want to do that give us the structure and that's where you have the japa thingy people are you know exiting because you know someone someone call me from there you can say victor I I mean things are built here I work here I see my money I like I work for 10 hours a week like I see value I enjoy things are working the tax system is working the roads are working electricity is everything is working right so if things are working Nigeria has massive I mean aggressive intellectual people that can push this country to the next level I mean what do you buy do really if you think about it I mean it's just it's it's not bringer right we have the intelligence it's not rocket science so let's just get the system to work put the structures put the system create policies that enables growth okay thank you this problem is not only applicable to Nigeria it's mostly most African countries and every poor country in the world in general so as uh thank you guys for this so Elijah wraps up the conversation after the break please stay tuned


ID Tech show, so who are you? I'm Bill Lindsay, I'm a factory applications engineer for Dust Networks for linear technology. What is Dust Networks? Dust Networks is a low power wireless mesh network for distributed sensing applications. So this is a mesh right here? Yeah, so each of these nodes has a radio. These devices are communicating to one another over the air with their radios and they're time synchronized to each other. They slave their clocks together and as a result you can see they know how to turn on and off their LEDs at exactly the same time because they're time synchronized. How can they synchronize at a time? Do they have a clock in there or something? They each have an oscillator that every time a child sends a packet to a parent, the parent gives him an acknowledgement with a correction for his oscillator. So the clocks all drift together and remain synchronized over years. And they keep synchronizing all the time? That's correct and so now the devices that are repeaters or routers are still off most of the time and so you can still get multiple years of battery life.  Right now they're on battery, right? That's correct. So you charge them at the office or at the hotel? I replace the batteries about once every month or so. Every month, yeah. And they just think for months What are you showing here? We have some third party partners that make more productized units for our customers that don't want to have to make a product because the products that we sell are really these chips and boards and you have to actually integrate that into a product. But if you'd rather buy something more off the shelf, we're showing partner products that... So what's the LTC 5800? So that's our core chip that has a radio and a microcontroller inside. Is it an ARM Cortex-ME something? M3, yes, very good. And these boards are just RF certified boards. So if you don't want to pay the FCC for RF certifications, these are already modularly certified. So what kind of RF can you do? 802.15.4, same as ZigBee. ZigBee. It's a similar radio as ZigBee. It's a 2.4 gigahertz radio. And so Dustin Networks has over 50,000 networks deployed in more than 120 countries. What do you mean by 50,000 networks?  Our biggest market is industrial sensing. So like farms or...? No, like refineries and gas processing plants and oil wells and factories and things like that. So what do they sense, all these...? Any kind of important process variable, temperature, tank level, flow, valve open-close status. Any kind of industrial sensor that has a human readable gauge. Now more and more you're seeing those sensors have an antenna coming out of it and that data is being sent over the air so that the owners of these facilities can make smarter decisions about how to run their facility. And the dust is part of Linear? Linear Tech purchased dust networks five years ago. Dust Networks was a startup out of Berkeley for about 12 years now, but Linear purchased dust five years ago. And Linear is a big company making chips? Making analog ICs, analog integrated circuits for power management mostly. So they saw opportunity to work with you on making the IoT world, right? Yes, because some of their best in class chips are for energy harvesting. And so... One of those? So this board is driving a moat via solar or thermoelectric energy harvesting. Nice. Is that e-ink? That's an e-ink display that shows the status of things. That's cool. All right, so IoT is huge already for you but it's gonna be even bigger. That's correct. The high-end industrial sensing is the place where we've had the most adoption we expect that to come down to a broader range of applications.