Live from Boston, Massachusetts, it's theCUBE, covering Spark Summit East 2017, brought to you by Databricks. Now, here are your hosts, Dave Vellante and George Gilbert. Welcome back to Boston, everybody. This is theCUBE. We're live here at Spark Summit East in the Heinz Convention Center. This is theCUBE. Check out siliconangle.com for all the news of the day. Check out wikibon.com for all the research. I'm really excited about this session here. ALS is here as the Vice President of Analytics and R&D at McGraw Hill Education. And I'm so excited because we always talk about digital transformations and transformations. We have an example of a 150-year-old company that has been, I'm sure, to many transformations. We're going to talk about a recent one. ALS, a welcome to theCUBE. Thanks for coming on. Thank you, a pleasure to be here.  You obviously have not been with the company for 150 years. I talked about all the transformations, but there's certainly one that's recent in the last couple of years anyway, which is digital. We know McGraw Hill is a print publisher. Describe your business. Yeah, so McGraw Hill Education has been traditionally a print publisher, but beginning with our new CEO, David Levin. He joined the company about two years ago. And now we call ourselves a learning science company. So it's no longer print polishing. It's smart digital, and by smart digital, we mean we're trying to transform education by applying principles of learning science. And basically what that means is, we try to understand how do people learn and how they can learn better. And so there are a number of domains, cognitive science, brain sciences, data science, and we begin to try to understand what are the known knowns in these areas and then apply it to education. I think Mark Benioff said at first, at least the first I heard, he said there can be way more SaaS companies that come out of non-tech companies than tech companies.  Describe that in some detail. Yeah, so being a software company is new for us, but we've moved pretty quickly. Our core competency has been really expert knowledge about education. We work with educators, subject matter experts. So for over 100 years, we've created vetted content assessments and so on. So we have a great deal of domain expertise in education. And now we're taking sort of the new area of frontiers of knowledge and cognitive science, brain sciences. How can learners learn better in applying that to software and models and algorithms? Okay, and there's a data component to this as well. So yeah, the way I think about it is we're a smart digital company, but smart digital is fueled by smart data. It's data is underlies everything that we do. Why? Because in order to strengthen learners, provide them with the optimal pathway, as well as instructors. We believe instructors are at the center of this new transformation. We need to provide immediate real-time data to students and instructors on how am I doing? How can I do better? This is the predictive component. And then you're telling me maybe I'm not on the best path. So what's my, how can I do better? The optimal path. And so all of that is based on data. Okay, and so that's, I mean, the master question. Do you do any print anymore? Yes, we still do print because there's still a huge need for print. So print's not going to go away, right? Okay, I just wanted to clarify that. But what you described is largely a business model change. Not largely, it is a business model change. But also the value proposition is changing. You're providing a new service related, but new incremental value, right? Yeah, so the value proposition has changed. And here again, data is critical. Inquiring minds want to know, our customers want to know. All right, we're going to use your technology and your products and solutions show us rigorously, empirically that it works, right? That's the bottom line question. Is it effective? Are the tools, product solutions, not just ours, but our products and solutions have a context. So is the instruction effective? Is it effective for everyone, right? So all that is relying on data. So how much of a course, how much of the content in a course would you prepare? Is it now the entire course where, and you instrument the student's interaction with it, and then essentially you're selling the outcomes, the improved outcomes? Yeah, I think that's one way to think about it. Here's another model change. So this is not so much digital versus non-digital, but we've been a closed environment. You buy a textbook from us, all the material, the assessments is McGraw-Hill Education. But now a fundamental part of our thinking as a software company is that we have to be an open company. Doesn't mean open as in free, but it's an open ecosystem. So one of the things that we believe in very much is standards. So there's a standard body in education called IMS Global. My boss, Stephen Laster, is on the board of IMS Global. So think of that as, this encompasses everything from different tools, working together, interoperability tools, or interoperability standards, data standards for data exchange. So we will always produce great content, great assessments. We have amazing platform and analytics capability. However, we don't believe all of our customers are going to want to use everything from McGraw-Hill. So interoperability standards, data standards is vital to what we're doing. Can you explain in some detail this learning science company, explain how we learn? You were talking off camera about sort of the three... Yeah, so this is just one example. It's well known that memory decays exponentially, meaning when you see some item of knowledge for the first time, unless something happens, it goes into short-term memory and then it evaporates. So one of the challenges in education is, how can I acquire knowledge and retain knowledge? Now most of the techniques that we all use are not optimal. We cram right before an exam, we highlight things, and that creates the illusion that we'll be able to recall it, but it's an illusion. Now cognitive science and research in cognitive science tells us that there are optimal strategies for acquiring knowledge and recalling it. So three examples of that are effort for recall. If you have to actively recall some item of knowledge, that helps with the stickiness. Another is space practice, practicing out your recall over multiple sessions, and then another one is interleaving. So what we do is, we just recently came out of the product last week called StudyWise, and what we've done is taken those principles, written some algorithms, applied those algorithms into a mobile product, and so that's going to allow learners to optimize their acquisition and recall knowledge. And you're using Spark, too. Yeah, we're using Spark and we're using Databricks. So we use, so I think what's important there is, not just Spark is a technology, but it's an ecosystem. It's a set of technologies, and it has to be woven together into a workflow. So everything from building the model and algorithm, and those are always first approximations. We do the best that we can in terms of how we think the algorithm should work, and then deploy that. So our data science team and learning science team builds the models, designs the models, but our IT team wants to make sure that it's part of a workflow. They don't want to have to deal with a new set of technologies. So essentially pressing the button goes into production, and then it doesn't stop there because as StudyWise has gone to the market last week, now we're collecting data real time as learners are interacting with our products, the results of their interactions is coming into our research environment, and we're analyzing that data as a way of updating our models and tuning the models. So would it be fair to say that, it was interesting when you talked about these new ways of learning, if I were to create an analogy to legacy enterprise apps, they standardize business transactions on the workflows that went with them. It's like you're picking out the best practices in learning, codifying them into an application, and you've made it, you've opened it up so other platforms can take some or all, and then you're taking live feedback from the models, but not just tuning the existing model, but actually adding learnings to the model over time as you get a better sense for how effort of recall works or interleaving works. Yeah, I think it's exactly right of, I do want to emphasize something, an aspect of what you said is, we believe, and it's not just we believe, the research in Learning Science shows that we can get the best, the most significant learning gains when we place the instructor, the master teacher at the center of learning, right? And doing that, not just in isolation, but what we want to do is create a community of practitioners, master teachers. So think of the healthcare analogy. We have expert physicians. So when we have a new technique or even an old technique, what's working, what's not working? Let's look at the data. So what we're also doing is instrumenting our tools so that we can surface these insights to the master practitioners or master teachers. George is trying this technique that's working or not working. What adjustments do we need to make? So it's not just something has to happen with the learner. Maybe we need to adjust our curriculum. I have to change my teaching practices, my assessments. And the incentive for the master practitioners to collaborate is because that's just their nature? I think it is. So let's kind of stand back. I think the current paradigm of instruction is lecture mode. I want to impart knowledge.  And then assessment is time tests. In the educational jargon for that is summative assessments. So lecture and tests. That's the dominant paradigm in education. All the research evidence says that doesn't work. It doesn't work, but we still do it. For how many hundreds of years? Well, it was okay if we needed to train and educate a handful of people. But now everyone needs to be educated and it's lifelong learning. So that paradigm doesn't work. And the research evidence is overwhelming that it doesn't work. So we have to change our paradigm where the new paradigm, and this is again based on research, is differentiated instruction. So different learners are at different stages and that are learning. And depending on what you need to know, I'm at a different stage. So we need assessments. So assessments are not punitive, they're not tests. They help us determine what kind of knowledge, what kind of information each learner needs to know. And the instructor helps with the differentiated instruction. It's an alignment. It's an alignment, yeah. And then really to take it to the next stage, the master practitioners, if they are armed with the right data, they can begin to compare. All right, practices, this way of teaching for these types of students works well. These are the adjustments that we need to make. So bringing it down to Earth with Spark, these models of how to teach or perhaps how to differentiate the instruction, how to do differentiated assessments, these are the Spark models. Yeah, these are the Spark models. So let's kind of stand back and see what's different about traditional analytics or business intelligence and the new analytics enabled by Spark and so on. So first, traditional analytics, the questions that you need to be able to answer are defined beforehand. And then they're implemented in schemas in a data warehouse. In the new order of things, I have questions that I need to ask and they just arise right now. So I'm not going to anticipate all the questions that I'm going to be able to ask. So we have to be enable the ability to ask new questions and be able to receive answers immediately. Second, the feedback loop. Traditional analytics is batch mode, right? Overnight data warehouse gets updated. Well, imagine you're flying an airplane, you're the pilot, a new weather system emerges. You can't wait a week or six months to get a report. I have to have corrective course. I have to re-navigate and find a new course. So same way, a student encounters difficulty. Tell me what I need to do, what course correction do I need to apply? So the data has to come in real time, the models have to run real time, and if it's at scale, then we have to have parallel processing, and then the updates, the round trip data back to the instructor or the student has to be essentially real time or near real time. Spark is one of the technologies that's enabling that. The way you got here is kind of interesting. You used to be CIO. All right, got that big Yale brain working for you. You're not a developer, I presume, is that right? Or how did you end up in this role? I think it's really a passion for education, and I think this is at McGraw Hill. So I'm a first generation college student. I feel myself really, I went to public school in Los Angeles. I had a lot of great breaks. I had great teachers who inspired me. And so I think first it's education, but I think we have a major, major problem that we need to solve, right? So if we look at, so I spent five years with the Minnesota State Colleges and University System. Most of the colleges, community colleges are open access institutions. So let me just give you a quick statistic. 70% of students who enter community colleges are not prepared in math and English. So seven out of 10 students need remediation. Of the seven out of 10 students who need remediation, only 15%, not 5.0, one five succeed to the next level. So this is a national tragedy. And that's at the community college level. That's at the community college level. So we're talking about millions of students who are not making it past the first gate. And they go away thinking they failed, they incurred debt. And their life is now stuck, okay? So this is playing itself out not to tens of thousands of students, but hundreds of thousands of students annually, right? So we've got to solve this problem, right? Of, and I think, so it's not technology but reshaping the paradigm of how we think about education. It is a national disaster because oftentimes that's the only affordable route for folks and they are taking on debt, thinking, okay, this is the gateway. Al, we have to leave it there. Awesome segment. Thanks very much for coming to theCUBE really for you. Thank you very much. All right, you're welcome. Keep it right there, buddy. George and I will be back with our next guest. This is theCUBE. We're live from Boston. We're right back.


The Zamfara State Governor Billo Matawali has expressed shock at the killing of 13 police officers by suspected bandits. The police personnel were gunned down at a mobile camp in Kuramota community in the Bagudu local government area of the state. The governor's reaction is contained in a statement by Malam Yusuf Idris, Director-General Media, Public Enlightenment and Communications at the government house in Gozo. The statement said Matawali expressed devastation when he visited seven injured police officers who were receiving treatment at the Yaremen Bakura Specialist Hospital in Gozo. It said the governor would make the attack his major priority until the perpetrators are apprehended or a good level of success made towards their arrest. Fresh news updates


It's time, ladies and gentlemen, for Winner Home right here on Afternoon Express. This is the show where we are giving away an apartment at the prestigious Valdivia State in the Cape Winelands, worth more than 3 million rand. And today, we continue the inspiration for our design contestants and you at home. Now with cities being so highly populated, living spaces are getting smaller and smaller. Open living has become the norm in the modern world and we have to make do with less and less square meters. This forces us to think out of the box and to create beautiful, functional spaces in small spaces. On the season of Winner Home, our design contestants are working with just a space, like we spoke about earlier. Here to guide us through this process is interior designer Keelan Pinkus. Welcome to our loft. Thank you. You've got such a vibrant personality. I'm looking forward to unpacking all these details with you because it's such a hard one to get through. Because when I initially was trying to look for property and when I initially moved into my apartment, it isn't a massive apartment and I think the struggles that come with that is it's demotivating. You almost feel like, I'll wait till I have a bigger house to invest money and time into decorating. Absolutely. This is the challenge. Often people find it very intimidating when they've got a small space. And the challenge with this is saying, I need to make my small space as functional as possible. So I think that the importance here is marrying design and functionality. And so one can be really creative and really smart with the way one utilises one space. In duplexes before, we have used, in small apartment duplexes, we've used underneath the staircase as a wine rack, as a little bar, maybe put in a small office desk. So one can really be quite creative in the way in which one uses one space. I like that you said that it's a clever thing that you've got to think quite innovatively about. Because when I first stepped into that apartment, I had no idea even where to begin. Do I start investing loads of money because it's expensive. Loads of money in furniture. Do I paint the walls? Do I buy a table? Where do we begin and what can we do to make small spaces look bigger? Well, first and foremost, I think the biggest problem that people have is when they go into the store, they see things that they love. And what they don't realise is that item may not fit into their space. So the best advice that I could give someone is go to the store, see which pieces of furniture that you really love. And then what you do is you get the dimensions of that item, come home into your space and actually take masking tape and create a blueprint of that dimension amongst your thing. That way you will know if your coffee table doesn't fit, if you've bought a couch that's going to be too big. And then one can also be quite creative. In the photo, sorry, there was one there. Just before this one, yeah. Just before that one. We use ghost chairs that are really quite useful when decorating small spaces that really creates a feeling. You can see through them. They don't feel like a take-up space. Just be smart and then you marry that with a solid wooden table and then one creates warmth opposed to a feeling of emptiness. Great idea. That's a great suggestion. And that's why we use wall colours because colour can make a space look incredibly small and incredibly big. What are some of the colours that we can use that make a space look bigger? Well, you know, we never have, as a designer, say, stay away from any colour specifically. You know, we all like colour. You know, I really love colour. But I think when it comes to your major walls, your big walls, I would say tend to go for a white wall. White creates a feeling of space, brightness, airiness. And then rather to use your accent walls in colour if one would like. And then rather to keep your palette of your furniture quite natural and then to accessorise with colourful cushions and use vases that are colourful. One can be quite creative with colour in other ways. So this is a way that we can, I think, enjoy our small spaces as a whole. But one of the mandates for our contestants for this season is to make sure that that house also becomes soluble. And a lot of the times when I was looking to buy property, when you go into property websites like privateproperty.co.za, you always find that sometimes people don't clean up rooms and it's quite messy. And is there a way that we can design a small space to make it more attractive? So when people do come to attract investment in buyers, then we can make it more attractive.  Oh, okay. Some model loan. No, why do people, first and foremost, clean up your space, remove the clutter, okay? No one wants to look at anyone else's mess, okay? Then what you do is, you know, always accessorise your areas, you know, if it's you showing a bedroom, put a blanket on the bed, scatter cushions, make the place look warm and inviting, like it's livable, but without being messy. Create greenery in the room, you know, a vase with some flowers goes a very long way. And then, yeah, just get rid of the mess and make the home look stylish and magazine-ready. Awesome. So I think everyone's getting excited about that because there's lots of tidbits of information that you've shared now. But I also want to understand the work that you've done in small spaces because maybe people can relate to the work that you've done because you are an expert. I mean, people always think that, oh, these guys always say it, but they've never done it themselves. You have done it. So what are some of the apartments you've done? Well, one of my favorite, most recent apartment is a block apartment, which is a big developer, and we did a show apartment for them and because it needed to be ready for a magazine within a week, you know, we obviously had to buy furniture of showroom floors and this was obviously very challenging but very exciting. It actually gave a really good insight into the furniture that is available in Cape Town and South Africa and one really had to, you know, we had to work really quickly so that was very exciting, a lot of fun. Are these some of the images that we've got now? So talk us through this. What have you done here to make the space look bigger? So, for example, well, the kitchen was a palette that we already had.  Nice. And in the photo previously of the, there we go, you can see it, of the dining room table and the chairs, it was quite a limited space to get in lounge and dining room. So what we ended up doing was having a dining room table where we used benches and then ghost chairs as your head chairs to create also a feeling of space. A illusion of space. And the palette of that apartment was grey and white and so we complemented that with creams and warmer tones of creams and beiges and browns and then we brought in the steel for a modern edge. And then, as we were saying about the colour, you know, never stay away from colour. We used a cement table, quite industrial looking and then popped it with bright yellow chairs. Especially for the outside to keep it nice and fresh and outside that you feel like you're in a fresh space. The bedroom space is what they're working on now. They're working on a guest bedroom. And one of the mandates that these contestants had for building on Valdivis' estate was to make sure that they keep this place looking bigger than what it actually is. And I know that they're all craving advice at the moment. They're consulting and that guest bedroom has been a challenge for them. What advice do you have for our contestants who are trying to make these guest bedrooms on the Valdivis' estate look so beautiful? I think with a guest bedroom, you know, one really doesn't want to clutter a bedroom at all. So I would say keep your linen nice and white and fresh. You know, have a headboard that's built into this space. Side tables, you know, when one's got limited side table space, one can use pendants from the ceiling instead so that you free up your sides next to your bed. One can be really quite inventive with the way one uses their bedroom space. Sure. This is great advice. I'm even taking a little bit of notes. I hope our contestants are too keen. Thanks for joining us in the loft. Nice to be with you. Thank you. Oh, it's so cool to get this kind of advice. This is my favourite thing about having a winter home in the afternoon express. Now, living in small space doesn't mean it can't be designer chic and also decorated beautifully. So get some inspiration and do let those smaller spaces keep you back. Well, particularly don't let them keep you back. But instead, let them inspire you. So this is when a home right here in afternoon express where our three young, talented design contestants gradually transformed three properties at Valdivis' estate using finishes provided by Caesar Stone and Plaskon. Judging their work is the renowned team from Ark Interiors as well as Ann Result from Plaskon and Simon Bray from Private Property. But most importantly, we are giving away one of the completed apartments, worth more than 3 million rand to one lucky viewer in our grand prize competition. Yes, we're giving it away and it's worth more than 3 million rand and entering cannot be any easier. All you have to do is visit privateproperty.co.za now for all of those details. Winter Home is proudly brought to you by Private Property in association with NetBank. Now, after the break, things are getting cheesy as they always do with me in the kitchen as we're putting our finishing touches on our four cheese pasta. Don't go anywhere.


have this presentation together with Andreas Krontz, who does an analysis, but he is not here. He can't come and take his part, too. The great view of Cologne of Anton Wunsamm shows in the front of the Lake Medieval Harbour of Cologne, the west side of Cologne. Behind the front and the wall, there's a wide market area. The situation did not change since the second half of the 10th century. The topographic situation is totally different from the Roman time when the city of Cologne was founded about two decades before the birth of Christ. For the early medieval glass production, in Cologne, we have to get clear of two topographical situations, the situation and development of the harbour. And secondly, the location of the glass workshops of the Romans, which is different from that of the early medieval glass workshops. At the time of the foundation of the city on an arm of the Rhine River, this separated an island. Before the middle of the first century, there were glass workshops at the western bank of the Rhine Arm, which probably produced window glasses for the later Praetorium. In the year 89, at the elevation of Cologne to the governors, the city wall facing the Rhine was built and the glass workshops were abandoned. In the same time, the southern part of the arm was tilted and 100 years later, the northern part too. And so the island was linked to the city. On the island, there was built straw houses. And on the eastern part of the island, they were built a cave. And they are the activities of the harbour took place. The chips which were used for the trade were chips with flat bottoms, we call it prams, and one was found in the arm of the Rhine in the first century. Others of the Keringian time were found downstream in Koehfeld, at Koehfeld, and Xanten. In the later period, the harbour was defended by junction walls and bridge led to Castella de Vita on the other side of the Rhine. This, and then on the Heumarck, that's a major place of excavation, there was built a long building for the government of the harbour. In the early medieval, one of the straw houses was transformed to a church. The picture does not show us not only the development of the harbour, but also of the areas of excavation. There are important differences of findings between the island and the arm of the Rhine. The site in the north part of the silted arm could not be settled before the Carolingian time. The main excavation concerning the early medieval times took place at the Heumarck 20 years ago. In the fifth century, the area was settled and the settlement of the city was reduced to the eastern half of the city with the harbour on the eastern part, where Germanic Franks settled since the first half of the fifth century and built pit houses while manufacturing metal, waving and carving bones. In the first half of the fifth century, during the Roman government, the Franks didn't produce glass yet, but learned by Romans the skill of glass making who had a famous trait of glass in cologne. The glass workshops of the Romans, on the other hand, were so far excavated in the surroundings of the city in the north, north, west, and south. That is sub-earths of the city. Only the earliest and the latest were situated in the east side or the middle of the city. The Romans produced a part from simple vessels, glass specialties, glass specialties with the decoration of trails, conchilias beakers, vessels with animal painting, and carved and engraved glasses. From the fifth to the seventh, to the 10th century, extensive glass workshop worked in a connected area at the harbour of Cologne. At the harbour, the glass trade could have been supplied easily by raw material like wood and raw glass, as well as export the product that's what the workshop especially worked for. Hints for the glass manufacturing at the early medieval harbour of Cologne are furnaces, crucibles, and raw or recycling glass shown by the diffusion map of the glass fragments. There are only few furnaces for glass production, and they dated in Carolingian time, but also fragments of furnaces indicated by vitrified funerous lining. The best preserved furnace is situated was found just inside the wall, during the excavation for the underground at the Quart Hakenbergplatz in 2004-2012. The picture shows the bottom of the furnaces, crucibles, of Rheinisch pottery of the eighth century, as well as raw and recycling glass. Fragments of older furnaces in the bottom indication for a long time workshop as this site. The same composition shows a Merringian pit, a greater number of fragments of a furnace, some crucibles and fragments of raw material. Between the raw material can one find rods and trails for the decoration of the vessels. Clear indication for the production of the glass are rests of not of glass pieces of the blowing pipe and of glass caps. Big early Frankish beads were obviously manufactured as a harbour of cologne, because they have cracks and are not finished entirely. Small beads of opaque blue or green or translucent color were produced from tesserae of the same color and size. They are broken and not finished entirely too. However, the production of other types of beads at cologne is not clear. The table of glass finds gives a different overview of the Frankish workshop. The number of in total 126 fragments of early medieval crucibles and 2 thirds of a whole vessel is much higher than the amount of Roman crucibles at all in cologne. The main excavation at the Heumann with 722 glass fragments shows a large variety of material group. The main production were glass vessels, while only few types of beads were produced in Merovingian and not at all in cologne in time. And window glass appears in the early medieval context at the harbour of cologne even less. On the other hand, the discrimination of production groups leads to the focus on glass vessels. Hollow glass can be dated itself by the form. Window glass cannot be dated easily. Beads are rare. Because of small scale patches and often multipliers recycling, the chemical signature of beads is blurred. And this identification of the particular glass group is impeded. The granular glass type of cologne harbour is soda lime glass made of soda or trona. The later supplied most likely from the Vardinatrune in Egypt. Glass made from wood ash is rare in cologne finds. And appears in late Cologneian strata only. Some examples for mixed glass made from soda lime glass or wood ash glass were found. Soda lime glass in Roman times is a chemical very uniform glass type. It was modified in late antique and early medieval times. Several subtypes of soda lime glass point either to on different new raw glass material sources or can be regarded as an increased recycling and mixing of earlier produced glass or even both. Glass subtypes like Levantine, the one to Himt, one to, and Egypt one to appear at particular times onwards from the late antique during early medieval times until the Carolingian period when it was replaced more and more by wood ash glass in the 10th century. Most of the cologne glass is belonging to the so-called Himt II or Himt group 90%. Some are Himt I. Both types are also identified in the 4th century Hamburg glass production workshops or still have the chemical signature of Roman glass or of Levantine I. A clear separation between Roman and Himt II chemical composition cannot be found. Rather, it is more a continuous trend pointing to an increased recycling of Roman glass and probably mixing with Himt I type. Two of the beads, the big beads, were found in the biggest complex in an abundant Roman hippocauts in the north-east of the Hallmark. There, translucent and opaque raw glass tesserae and glass vessels were found, too. The glass vessels were produced in a workshop there and at the same time, that means in the second half of the 5th century and the first half of the 6th century, of the 5th century and 6th century, bowls with feather decoration, simple cone, beakers of Kempsten type, and beakers of Kempsten type with loops. I show you the reconstruction together with the diffusion maps. Where can you see the concentrations of these forms at the Rhine? The concentrations are a further indication to investigate the production site at Cologne. You can find exactly these forms of glass vessels in special Meruvingian graveyards, for example, in Bonn-Schwarzweindorf and even in the settlement of Bonn-Bechlinghofen. On this map, you can also find the routes of trade which I have investigated, not only for the Meruvingian but also for the Carolingian type. The gray field of Gravelgelep has the greatest amount of Meruvingian glass vessels which are expected to be produced in Cologne. One claw beaker has the same glass signature as a fragment found on the Isle of Amrum, close to Riebel. The analysis of cone beakers of the Kempsten type, which come from widespread sites, show a different picture. Their glass types are identified as Hymn 2, as well as Hymn 1, and Leventine 1. Hence, it appears that Kempsten beakers come coming from different workshops and are obviously not produced solely in Cologne. In Cologne, the number 18 and 27 were potentially produced at the harbor, but number 176 found in the middle of the city, not. In the middle and later, Meruvingian time, finds of glass vessels together with fabrications, rests us carefully. There again, more closed find complexes with Carolingian bell tumblers and funnel beakers, especially at the site Amdolmhof. While the best preserved trucebel was found at the church, Großsankt Martin. Many fragments of this beaker type, which could be used as drinking vessel as well as lamp, were found at most Carolingian palaces, churches, as monasteries, and some other settlements, especially at the trade centers of Dorostat and Riebel. In two pits at the Heumarkt, which seem to contain rests of production pieces of Riticella were found besides funnel beakers and bell tumblers. However, these two trails consist of Egypt II glass, a late soda lime glass appearing around 800 A.D. In the same time, wood ash glass was invented in Europe, probably in monasteries, because soda from Egypt was not longer available. At the harbour of Cologne, only window glass consists in wood ash glass, which was obviously imported and not produced there. Now I show you a summary, aside from Roman glass workshops of vicinity of Cologne, latest Roman glass production is now proven as for the city of Cologne. Franks continued the glass production in Roman tradition. Glass vessels and beads were produced for export along the Rhine downstream to the North Sea. Downstream, that means to the North. And the common glass of Cologne is soda lime glass, a Hymn II type. Window glass is rare and was not produced for the export. You have to imagine that the cathedral of Cologne is very close to the harbour. Because of the shortage of soda in Cologne in time, wood ash glass was developed in monasteries in peripheral areas about 800. And so many thanks for the attention.


Felly fel y byddwch, yn y lleidio ar gyfer y cymdeithasol y Cymru yn ymgyrch gyda'r archiogen yw'r amser. Mae hyn yn ei ffordd, ac yn y cyfriffeilio, mae'r cyfarfod, ac yn CBA. Yn y cyfriffeilio, rydyn ni'n gweithio'r gweithio'r regerfoddau. Yn eu gweld hwn y byddwch mewn gweld hwn ffordd ar arenaeth, i ddiolch i'r amser cyfnogau cwelgau cyfion o medlidesgau cyfion Gyda'i cyffredigau cyflodyniadol, abrasion 30,000 i gorydd, a ichi'r ddych yn cael bod fynd i'r sgiliau yn dda, a yn yr ystyried, yn ddigonio'r ddylch, yn ddigonio'r ddylch. Yn ystod, mae hynny'n meddwl yn ymgyrch cywir â'r cyflodyniadau cyffredigau, ..a'r gweld gennym ni i fund yn y deallu... ..a wnaeth i amser wedi di'w ar draws ar Llyfrgell Gaeliad... ..o Llyfrgell Gaeliad, ac yn derbyn o gydagfodd jodd i'r ysgolwch ar gyfer Sgolwyddiad... ..y wych i fynd yn ymgyrchodd. Yno eich ffordd 30,000 bwysig nid i nifer i Llyfrgell Gaeliad... mawr, ac mae'n gweld i'r gwahodd y cofnod oherwydd yn ddechrau ac yn cael sefydlu o'r hollol ac yn cael ddechrau, ond y cyfnod gyda'r hollol, ac mae'n mynd arweinyddol ac mae'n mynd i'r mynd i'r bobl yn cyfrofiadau yma. Ynglyn â'r rhai hyn ychydig, mae'n gwahodd yn cerddio. the third question is before it is done. Why is it so important that you're concerned with having a substantial number of employees in order to achieve anything that's happened? Unconcelment with the fact that I want every actor to be a decent salary? That's my priority. You can't have a exposure. If it's a scale people have been a BANY master and whatever, and they are paid eight times less than the biggers who have nothing. Dwi'n olygu i'n gwneud yma, yma, o'r cyflogau i yma. Mae'r rhain ysgwr, byddwn i'n rhaid i ddod o'r cyflogau. Mae'n cyflogau, o'r cyflogau. Haid i ddim, mae'n cyflogau'n gweld amser, ydych chi'n cael cael ei wneud. Ond mae'r bau'r hyn yn cael ei ddod. Maen nhw, Lord. Rwy'n meddwl i wneud wef, mae'n meddwl ar gweithio gweithio'r ffordd o'r ffordd. Mae'r bwysig yn cyflogau. Ond y gallwch wrth功u'r rhag sound, phen rhydwch i'w rhag ofio gylawn i'r cyfrifiad rhefyd? Y rhag yn eithaf cy widen karenar, yn ymddir cyfreidd iaith cyfrifiad. Y rhaid i'r cyfrifiad o'ol ei gefnod yma ar gyfer ei hyfrifiadau a'r cyfrifiadau ymddir cyfrifiad? Yn yny? Felly, rydym yn oed yn gallu cynnig yw'r amser ymddir cyfrifiadau. Y rhaid i unrhyw ar gyfer yr unrhywbeth, yn y rhaid. Mae'r rhaid i'r gwaith, ond rhaid iddo wedi yma'r hwn. the criteria of money which is worth for this company. This is the moment when you say hold on. So you must increase not only of course the percent of money which is worth the money but all of us, we should get to this entire way and therefore we should charge more to ychwanegwch y dylai nhw'n ei wneud o'r ffordd iawn, rwy'n meddwl, rwy'n meddwl a'r tehlu gwaith am y Cyfrodag豬gwrd. Rwy'n meddwl, gyda Averys alwysyn. Rwy'n meddwl, dyna wneudio ar gyfer Byrtyn o Ffyrtu, yn Yng Nghymru, yn Ynghymru, dwi'n meddwl cymdeithas cyflos iawn. Ac yn Cyfrws, rywbeth, wrth gwrs yn gallu codi ddweud ifuddol o gynharu Cyfrws ynobyn, yn Ymrun cyfrws, byn i'r cyfrws, 144? Yes, it's a comparison of archaeological salaries with average for all professions. So there's a moment to do something about it now? No, last thing, but the point there is that in Cyprus there were 98 paid archaeologists in the whole country and in the UK there were 7,000. And so 7,000 times 78%. In general, in countries where there is commercial archaeology there are a lot more people, a lot more jobs, a lot more people. There's a fishing system there. More efficient systems, completely. There's a fishing system because you don't have the economy scale. That's a matter of the country. That's next year's. Sorry? We won't go into that debate if it's better to have commercial archaeology or a state archaeology. I have that in Germany a lot. So we can discuss about that for very long. Okay, but I think my main point is really, because we have a word like this, is that I think we need to understand the impulse and the interest and the psychological need to do something and to work abroad, et cetera. But let's do it fully aware that there are three good centuries of various types of engagements and that you cannot escape. Even you work with Ibrahim Maciau in Senegal, so Ibrahim is very nice, but you are British, European, white, in Western Africa, black, et cetera. No escaping, okay? So take this into account when you... Barol, thank you. So it's up to you. Stop it working. Good morning, everybody. I guess at this stage it is typical to thank the organisers for inviting me to speak, but as I'm one of the organisers, although not according to the app, that's perhaps superfluous. But I would also like... And this picks up on Nathan's last point, actually, the Heritage Alliance and the British Council for paying for me to be here. Why are they paying for me to be here? Well, Heritage Alliance is paying for me to be here because it's very interested in promoting heritage and heritage practice. It's an English organisation, but it's very interested in English organisations that work overseas as well. And the British Council, why? Because it wants to promote UK values around the world, and it sees heritage and particularly archaeology as a means of doing that. And SEFA has made it very clear to the parent department of this initiative, which is digital, culture, media and sport, that we are very happy to collaborate with Her Majesty's Government on this, but to recognise that we do it for a different reason. If it is mutually helpful for them to fund us and promote a bit of UK values, well, that's fine, but actually our mission is not to promote UK values. Our promotion is to promote good practice in archaeology. And they know that there is a percentage of our membership that is very averse to the idea of promoting UK values and finds that quite offensive. So let's be open about this. I will promote some UK values later on, but that's not the sole purpose here. I think the other thing that I wanted to say by way of interactions, of course, as it seems before, we are divided. I am divided because I have personal views and I have corporate views. And with a careful bit of logo engineering, there is a CFA logo at the top of the page, you may be able to distinguish between the two as I go, and I will try not to get it wrong. This session isn't just about Brexit. This paper is about Brexit. This session is not just about Brexit. It's about borders. Michaela gave us the introduction. There are lots of other countries that are busy building walls at the moment, and generally they are not helping very much. There may have been all right in the north of England. They have done a few centuries back, but they are not helping in the world. I want to emphasise the positive, but we have to deal with some realities. So I am going to talk a little bit about causes, a little bit about professional consequences and reactions, and I hate the fact that the screen doesn't show what is being projected. Talk a little bit about some professional emotional consequences as well, and let's see how united we are. We are all friends here, but we are part of a larger community where there are mixed views, and there are even some progress of archaeologists, apparently. A little bit of causes. It is relatively recently that Great Britain became an island off continental Europe, but it has caused problems, and you will be familiar with this, especially in a popular headline, because I am mean, I haven't spent the money to get the screenshot. The 22nd of October 1957, heavy fog in the channel cuts off the continent. The invention of this concept is 1957. This headline is from 1957. I am from 1957, but I didn't write a headline. There is the problem. Rising sea levels and rising nationalism have only made the problem worse, and possibly a greater amount of fog is building up in the channel as we speak. I don't think we want to spend a lot of time on the causes. We discussed that a lot at previous EAAs, but I think what we need to know is how to cope with the future. There is previous speakers have said that we managed international cooperation quite well before the EU came into power. But what we are dealing with now is change, and change always has to be coped with. But let's remember that there is this uniquely UK, there I say English view of the rest of Europe, whereby anything outside England is different and cut off, and popular press. These kind of attitudes are going on, it did not take the same positive view at the bottom. I don't have the date of this anymore, because I cut it off on my pray, but it's the 1990s, but that's a horrendous attitude that was around in the popular press. But as Nathan was saying, there is history, the Brexit position should not be the same, but there is history. The Brexit position should not be a surprise to us. It includes all of our thinking, so Sefer is now going through another period of strategic planning, and it's so hard to get away from thinking the Brexit analogies. The analogies are everywhere. At a time of change and reform, it's very hard not to look at Brexit. I just want to talk a little bit about change and resistance to change, because I think there are some analogies we can work with. In an organisation like Sefer, you can have wonderful managerial diagrams that are pretty hard to interpret, but in an organisation, particularly in a membership organisation, there will be different appetites for change. Let's take Sefer, for example. If the Sefer board and staff are right at the front of the appetite for change, then we are going to hit, and we recently have hit, a lot of conservative reaction. If we're too far back, we're going to be seen as a long way behind. Two types of leading action members are alienated. We've found that. If you're too close to the trailing edge, you don't achieve anything, so that would be very boring. We don't like that. My feeling is that in a membership organisation, you want about 20% of people to be ahead of you, saying you're slow, they're really impatient radicals, and you want to have about 80% of the people behind you being stuck on Conservatives, and I think in some recent debates we've probably got, and I probably were about that figure, but we needed 75% of people with us. If you're not careful, you get a two-speed professional association, and of course we've had a two-speed Europe. Was it ever love, the British relationship, the UK relationship with the EU? Some people wanted political union, other people wanted free trade, some people were in the relationship for commitment, for others it was transactional. It's like personal relationships. Sometimes there's a mismatch in what people want. Sometimes there's a mismatch in what people want out of the relationship. So I think we just have to bear that in mind that it's possible that Britain is a self-centred middle-aged man with commitment issues, and that's something that we have to live with or live with now. What we want to do is maintain a relationship. We want to work together. Let's not have that kind of relationship breakdown that I alluded to earlier. So there is an opportunity for us to express our love to each other, as colleagues, as friends, as allies. We need to explain that actually the relationship we've had in the past can be coloured differently. We can change. We could try that really un-British thing, listening as well as talking. Actually maybe all of us in this room could learn that lesson. And just generally make an effort, share the washing up. Now, Ken has talked about this a little bit. He's made an effort. Token efforts. Postcards in eight different languages just to explain who we are. That was the immediate reaction in 2016 after that ghastly, though. We had a conference, which many of you spoke of, archaeology is a global profession. Of course. Thank you very much. I'm very fortunate at the invitation of our German archaeological friends, well, actually our German archaeological friends that set up each of us with us. And importantly, the EAA reminded itself that it's an association for European archaeologists, not for EU archaeologists. It could probably stand to remind itself of that again. It is disappointing that the board was unable to provide a speaker for this session. It's disappointing that the board can't provide an audience for this session as well. But obviously we can report back to them what has happened. Back in the UK, we have got some issues. 40% of the UK door derives from the European Union. All of that's going to be carried forward for now because it's impossible to do otherwise. But then I'm sure if we continue with the flavour of government that we have at the moment, things will change. Environmental legislation will change. Common agricultural policy will not apply. It's through the common agricultural policy that most of the protection of the historic environment in rural areas takes place in the UK. So there's a lot of stuff up for grabs, and of course CFA is doing its best with government on that. We are currently going through Parliament, but pro-rogue, a lovely new word that Mark has learned, all bills that are in progress end when Parliament is pro-rogued. So we really don't know what's going to happen at the end of that. And we have an interesting and spirited debate about the freedom of movement and archaeology CFA campaign successful. Of course for the acknowledgement to our colleagues from FAME who assisted us with the statistics for that. The archaeology has been added the recommendation from the Migration Advisory Committee that archaeology is added to the shortage occupation list. What that actually means in real world, we don't know because we don't know what the rules will be, but there is a silver lining from that and it might not be the £30,000, which would have been great silver lining, but the other silver lining is it's a governmental organisation that archaeology is an important skill. That might be the step towards other people recognising, like the employers for example, and paying £30,000 to each and every one of us or more. And so building bridges between UK and other archaeologists, that's a bridge across the border by the way, so it's the last one. Used to be the border anyway, but I'm not sure about which country it's in, but administratively it's in England at the moment, but there's a Tweed and there's a train and there's a CFA campaign. Did you know there was a CFA campaign going? Well, it's kind of busy-eat. It's right here right now. The question we want to know, and I hope that the discussions will help us with it, how are we going to get this better integration of research, of learning, of practice? We are going to have potentially new approaches to the environment and agriculture as I mentioned. What can we learn in the management of these issues in the UK from our friends elsewhere? There must be stuff to learn. There will be, at that point, a more even, I didn't use the word there, a more even sharing of research funding if UK universities get their hands out of the pot. Now that's a real problem for the UK universities, and it's a real problem for our community generally, but an evening out is almost certainly necessary. And why don't we forget about UK soft power and work on European soft power? And then, of course, the other thing we need to do is explain to the people who see Fogg in the channel and the sign of the series Eating Bottom the multicultural shared history of the UK and we're not getting anywhere with that at the moment. I don't think, well, it's a daily mail. I don't read the daily mail, but I don't think the daily mail is getting it. Bridget across the tweed. I think we can observe the constitutional crisis because that's quite an interesting archaeological profession and activity. And I think we can observe that, you know, it's not just the problems we're having at the moment, not just caused by evil people taking back control from democratic institutions and have to distance myself from my institution now. Some of it is about good people failing and safeguards failing. One of the things we have in the UK, is things built into our unwritten constitution. Maybe it's about time it was written, folks. Well, there's eight words of it, but we need a bit more. The safeguard against bad government is a strong and effective opposition. They're not there. The Westminster system, in my view, is just not designed. It is designed to deal with wickedness and evil and un-democratic, deliberately un-democratic activities, but it's just not able to deal with idleness, incompetence. Divisions within parties is built on a party system and when the party system breaks down, it doesn't work. And it's not built to deal with a lack of imagination. And there are lessons that could be learned from history. There are lessons that Westminster needs to learn from other countries. And then, yeah, back to... I made this point in my introduction. I'm not here as an agent of UK soft power, but I'm very happy to promote these UK values, which may look a little unfamiliar to you at the moment. Peace and stability, remember that? Democracy. Strong and stable. Strong and stable, that's it. Tolerance and respect, freedom of expression, rule-based systems. These UK values, you can't judge a country by its government. I think we can see that around the world. I will say nothing about the electorate of 96,000 people. And I think it shows us, doesn't it? I think we're learning that democratic institutions and tolerance values are very, very vulnerable. And really, what do I want to say? I want to say, look after these exports. I mean, these are values that are traditionally strong in the UK. They're not very strong in the rhetoric now. But their values are not uniquely in the UK, of course they're not. I think we need to hand this over to other countries now to look after and nurture in our absence. And hopefully, they'll still be there when we come back. It's also incredibly important to protect the EU. And I'm saying this now as a Brit, so I should have dropped... The Union Union Union European Union? In this case, I'm talking about the European Union Union. We could have the other conversation some other time. But I should have taken the logo off at this point. But I think at this stage, the UK government is negotiating hard with the EU to get things changed. And I think that needs to be res... Well, or it's only wishes to have... It wants a lot of favours. You've got to look after the European Union. That's more important than looking after the UK. And I think we need to look after now the European countries that have more to offer than the UK. Enough of that. Professional responses. What can we do? This is what we want to have a discussion about now. What can we do? How can we help each other? How can we reduce those administrative barriers that will exist? Of course, it's the mental barriers, the real ones, but the administrative barriers are gritting the machinery that would be nice to flush out. Do you remember doing that, Mitty Carr? There's all the other non-Brexit-related barriers to transnational movements, which we talked about at the session when we were in Maastricht. We were building British again. Let's work with the UK shortage occupation list and see what we can do with that to promote more movement in and out of the UK, but this is not just what this is about. And then there's the emotional responses. We need to just look after each other and overcome the failed politics. It's not a done deal. It's not a done no deal.  These are the questions I have. There may be others, but dear colleagues, how are we, as European archaeologists, going to continue to collaborate, overcome the problems that are caused by a temporary political crisis in one country and overcome the problems that are much more long-standing that make us fearful of moving across barriers, but also, as I said, make us sometimes very arrogant and destructive when we do move across those barriers. Thank you very much.


So how's the recording started? Yes. Oh, sorry about that. I thought we were still waiting. Anyhow, sorry, thanks a lot. Welcome, everyone. This is a Jenkins platform Sieg meeting. Today we're on the 6th of June, 2023. And we have Mark Wait, Damian DuPortal, and Kenneth Salerno. Hello, everyone, and thanks for coming. We have the usual open action items, but one of them is somehow progressing. We'll see that later on. We have the ongoing, what has been done, and an open question in the end. So first of all, for the open action item, we have the usual Docker images.  So most of the time it doesn't progress, but Mark, you created or possibly debated in a major update regarding depreciation. We talked about that in the previous meeting. And the first effects should be seen from this week or something like that. Already have been seen. And the first bug report has already been received about a mistake I made. So yes, and the first fix is merged and the first fix will arrive in today's release of Jenkins 2.409, so. That's super cool. But it's not yet about the blue ocean container image. Correct. It's not. You set up a framework and foundation work, name it, that will allow us whenever the time comes to say, hey, it's deprecated, or am I wrong? Or am I right about that? You're correct. We need more work in order to do, in order to deprecate containers independent of the operating system on which they are running. So the container image can be deprecated even though the operating system is still fully supported. These blue ocean containers, for example, are actually running Debian. And we continue to support Debian, but we don't want to support that container. So what we'll do is we'll add a little bit of some extra stuff into those container images that will let the detector say, oh, you're running a deprecated container image switch. Cool. Good to know. Thank you, Mark. So what about the first bug that you already corrected? I guess it was not major. No, it was just that it mistakenly, the warning mistakenly appeared telling you that Fedora 38 end of life has happened. And I think Kenneth actually is running Fedora 37, so he didn't detect it. I didn't detect it, but a user did and said, look, Fedora 38 is very much still alive. Oops. Please correct your message. And it was only an off by one error. I don't know what everybody's complaining. Okay. Okay, that's funny. Last time I looked at comintegenkin.io, I didn't see any people complaining about what are you saying my operating system is out of date or something. I don't know if this has happened since yesterday. No, well, no, it was so last week's weekly release included it. And the only people who would see that warning is if they were updating weekly. And we like it when they update weekly, but the reality is many people don't. And so if you're running a weekly, but you don't update weekly, then you're at risk, but we can't fix that. And we can help that people that use old operating system don't update the weekly. And actually, I don't think I would, I'm trying to think if I would catch it in my build environment. No, I did switch to Fedora. So I shouldn't, yeah, but. Yeah, but you're on, if I remember you're on 37, aren't you not 38? I do, I pulled down the latest base image. So I would be 38 for me. Good, well, so then. Build it when that was out there. Well, then you may see that message in, if you consume 407 and the next release 409 will fix it. I see. So I have to check my build log now. Do you have any curious? Yeah. Your build cannot succeed because there is no Jenkins war for the 2408. There is a new git tag. So your build must fail or you must check your build because that means you are downloading an unexpected war that's come from I don't know where to care for in that one. Yeah, so just, yeah, just check that. If you see it, if you, the other is you would only see it if you look at the user interface, right? You have to look at the top level page. It doesn't contaminate any build logs. It doesn't, it just appears at the top as a little warning indicator. Back to you Bruno. Yeah, thank you Martin. Next was the ongoing work. I started, I think, two weeks ago work on alpine mages with Damian. The first, which was it? Docker is each agent? Can't remember all Docker agent. It worked. But then I stumbled on an issue related to regex, of course, for a deadline. So for the time being, it's stuck waiting for some help. Yes, without regex, timestamps, and char set, we would be out of work. Anyhow, what else? Yes, CentOS 7 early end of life. So Mark, your pull request is merged pass off to 407. So you got some warning from users because there was something about Fedora, but CentOS 7, no news from anybody for the time being. So the blog post is now, yeah, visible. Thanks a lot for sharing that. And I guess if we had a look at the logs for the Genki-Sahir website, we'll see a peek from now on regarding this very much, this article, hopefully. And as a, we have to remember that this will appear in the LTS in August. Yeah, that's it, at the end of August and not before. Mark, aren't we supposed to go to, oh, no, we don't know yet. Sorry, it would be 2.413.x. We don't know, we don't know what version we're right. This is, there's an X there, right? Yeah, almost there. Yep, so it's still the right candidate, we'll see. Cool, next thing, we have to replace N2S7 usages in our Jenkins controller containers. That was something Damian you proposed in the last meeting. So I may have misunderstood what you were looking for, but nonetheless, I made a draft PR that I wanted to be an open discussion with the community, except that it was not clear at all in the description of the PR. So I have something that works, but it's very much a draft. Of course, there are lots of things which are hard coded, like the checksums, for example. So it does work, but it needs a lot of work, and I'd like, if possible, that the community chimes in and says that's a good idea, that's a bad idea, maybe we should do something else, we'll see. Damian, you had quite a lot of pros for doing so, but also maybe a few cons. No comments, that protocol demonstrate that we can keep the multi-stage build with the G-Link using the direct installer from Damarin. The initial idea was to consider that solution as a fallback if we see issues with the Alma and UB selection. In the case, in the eventual case of we don't, we cannot use a parent image that would have the same, that would have a compliant GDK installed within. The probability of this was low, but not sure we had to check. So that was a proposal. If we are stuck on one of the HKZs, we could directly download the official Damarin zip and zip it and build the G-Link. So that the proposed official that should be compliant will be g-linked and adapted to our image. What you did demonstrate that it works very well. It requires a bit of code that might require the checksum with the update CLI or Renovabot or Dependabot if we want to keep it updated. But the outside is that work very well. Another reason was because sometimes, not all the time, when there is a significant GDK update at Damarin, the installer is available way sooner than the Docker images. Most of the time, the default Ubuntu image with the Damarin within is available immediately for Intel. But then the rest, it depends. Sometimes the ARM are there quickly, sometimes not, sometimes same for PPC or some to S, UB, RHL, et cetera. So if we have the installer, the installer is the first step when they publish your release, especially in the case of security releases of the GDK, that would have been a reason, a compelling reason to switch from our easy multistage from the official parent image to a multistage like you implemented. Given the status and there is no clear consensus and the effort on that part, we first need to update the base Alpine, base operating systems. The proposal I'm making here, I'm chiming in, is to say, let's consider that an experiment, close it for now and have in mind as a community that we have that solution working in case we are stuck and then focus on, let's continue tracking and automatically updating all dependencies and then consider the solution when we will track all operating systems. I like that. Yeah, you told me the other day that it would be problematic to depend on the existing Tamarin Docker images in case of a CVE because it could take up to three weeks before we get the correct image. So that makes sense in that case. But also, I don't know the status of the CLI for these images. So is it already working or are we depending on the pandabot? The pandabot? For the GDK, the pandabot is, it's not easy with the pandabot. Most of the time, the pandabots try to latest of latest.  And also, the pandabot is not able to update to talk of bake files. It doesn't know the syntax, doesn't provide any. So it's only... Okay, sorry. So it's already working with a better line somehow, right? For some and for some, we might have the pandabots when we use a from Eclipse Tamarin with the GDK version written directly on the from instruction, not from a build org. Because the pandabot doesn't support Docker file build org as well. It's only from instruction. So there were a lot of work ahead of making that kind of change. Yeah, exactly. Being sure that we track the GDK version on all the images is a good first step. Getting the checksum... No problem. Getting the checksum is quite easy. We do that on the infrastructure and we already experimented. It's a bit of scripting on update CLI, but technically there is no problem on this one. Okay, I see that's a bit better with... No problem. ...the CLI regex. I tried my luck with that. Yeah, you can work with both in parallel if you are stuck on the regex and don't get help or are frustrated with that because I can be quickly frustrated by regex as well. But in that case, the checksum parties gets the latest whatever version of Tamarin. We do that on the Jenkins infrastructure and then you can have a dependency that say from the retrieve version, then do whatever request grep regex somewhere and extract the checksum. So update CLI would open a pull request saying, okay, I'm changing the version here on the checksum here. The security process will be the person in charge of reviewing and approving this would have to validate the checksum manually outside before approving as maintainer to be sure. Okay, update CLI hasn't been corrupted by your malicious process. Got it. That sounds pretty exciting. If you send me the string you're trying to master on, I have a lot of experience with regex. I can help you. Cool, they are the Golang version, I guess. If not that I don't like regex, I do love regex. I use regularly MX with regex with some kind of success. Even online Golang regex tester tell me my regex work. That's what I am. Yes, Kenneth, I will send you something to chew on. Thanks a lot. My bet is it's a problem in the user experience with the date CLI, which is far from perfect on that area. Uh-huh, the interface between my brain and the keyboard, which happened to be mine. Maybe, also. I don't think so, I don't think so. Anyhow. Maybe I can't read the logs. But anyway, that's not the subject. Thanks, that's much clearer to me now. And there are all the operating system and of life which will happen this year. Yeah, that actually I think we can just delete from the notes, that's- Yeah, thank you, Mark. It was from last meeting, I copied paste, bad boy. Then, frankly, I read the pull request to, you know, your proposal to switch Alma Linox from 8 to 9. I saw that you closed it after putting a hold on or something. I read the whole discussion and to be totally honest, I didn't get everything. There were lots of inputs and I don't know if you could make a summary of what happened in the pull request mark. It was overwhelmed by the amount of information and I don't know Alma Linox. Yeah, so it fits exactly with the question Kenneth asked last time, why Alma Linox instead of UBI? And so that question was asked in Oliver Gonja who maintains the UBI container images, said, yeah, you're right. However, there are limitations in UBI that are not there in the Alma Linox container in terms of which packages you can use. So what Oliver suggested was, hey, when people ask for an upgrade, we should point them towards the UBI containers and see if that works for them. If it does, done, because it's one less container to maintain. No reason to upgrade Alma Linox 8 to Alma Linox 9 because we've already got a UBI 9 that they can use. And so if they need the Red Hat 9 level of operating system, of utilities, et cetera, they can just use UBI 9. Yeah, and I think there was a confusion from one of the users that you needed a subscription to install any packages, which is only true if you needed to extend beyond what UBI comes with in the temporary, right? And I use UBI all the time and find that it has the packages I need. So they need to detail what are these packages they need that's outside of that. And maybe that's even in the Apple extended repository anyway. I thought Oliver's suggestion was, I think, well taken. And it already, the UBI 9 container delivers command line get, for instance, and get large file support. So obviously it's not that you're blocked from installing any package because we install those as packages. So it's a valid thing to say, if you need Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 utilities, et cetera, use UBI 9. And we've got a container already with it.  So I'm gonna be a little biased, and I've been a Red Hat customer for almost 25 years, maybe longer. But so I have a lot of experience with Red Hat in general. But I find that all of these derivatives that are rebuilding the source, there is a lag here, right? It's not gonna be quite as up to date. Maybe that lag has decreased recently and it's gotten better. But I think there's just less and less of a, since UBI has even existed, there's just less and less of a reason to be using these derivatives. So I just don't see why. Great, thank you. So did that cover this, to give you the summary that you wanted to hear, Bruno? Yes, thank you. Much better when you are telling me the truth except of me, instead of me reading the whole thread and not getting much of it. Yeah, thank you. It's much clearer now. Next subject, what has been done? A few updates on the Docker image. It's nothing major this time, no breaking change. Let me know, Damian, if I'm wrong on that. So SSH agent 5.3.0, just a few dependency, nothing major. Docker agent, same for that, a few dependencies or chores, nothing more. No update on Docker inbound agent. Did I miss anything, Damian? So no, that's okay. Docker inbound agent should have update CLI request today because the release of the parent was done yesterday. So another example why having two. I guess there has been multiple updates, CLI updates. So that might be failing. We need to check why, but we should be able to use the Docker agent parent soon. Why minor updates? I didn't spend too much time on the agent this week because with my infrastructure side, we migrated the controller, the private controller in charge of pushing images to the Docker hub from AWS to Azure with a brand new machine. So I didn't try too much update, but still this one to validate end to end that the new controller is able successfully to pick a tag, build it and push it as we expect. That was a under the hood change, but that's why the change log here are tiny. Yeah, no problem. You did a major update, upgrade, move, whatever this week.  Thanks a lot for the work you did by the way. Now Damien, there's another other subject for you. We've been talking about Docker hub stats for weeks or months now and you have created a shared spreadsheet with lots of information. Could you tell us a few things about it? Yes, so these are the stats directly from the Docker hub for each month. So I only went back in time until beginning of this year. We can go back in time on previous year if needed. So I don't know how much we have access. I'm not sure who else have access. I'm admin on the organization with due to my infrastructure hat. We might have the possibility to open that access for other person because if me being is a bus factor that's not really healthy. Right now I've added to my monthly billing, reporting of the infrastructure, the task of also reporting the download stats here. That's short term. On the content for each month, you have two checks. One which is a summary per repository. So per image and one which is details with per tag and per checksum. You can see the amount of pool by tag by digest. There is also the unique IP separation that pooled the image during the time period. I don't know what version check is though. I'm not sure is it someone only downloading the manifest and not the layers? That might be, but I don't know, that's the answer. Yeah, that's almost all. Some things that after a quick review we still have a lot of downloads of image that shouldn't be used anymore, such as GNLP-slave or slave. So yes, the work that Mark is doing with the deposition, yeah, I think once it will be done with the operating system, we should think about, oh, to be sure that these images generate a big red message on Jenkins console that say, when I see you are using an unmaintained image which is a full hall of CVs and stuff, something really scary, right? Yeah, but there is no magic I guess. We will have to supply a new image. You can't hack it. Oh, no, no, no, no, in this case, it's much better. We've already supplied the new image. They're just not using it. Yes, but these two, we supplied the new images long. And they should have switched long ago, right? Because these two are really this one, right? They're these right here. So at least for those two, the legacy there people just aren't paying attention to their system. It works and that's good enough for them. So interesting to track these numbers after you will have the operating system deposition because this image shouldn't be updated. If they are, we have another problem which is on our side but if they aren't on that hypothesis, they will use all the operating system version. So at the moment in time, the old Alpine CentOS Debian version will be mentioned as out of date. So in any case, that will have an impact. Okay, so sorry, I wasn't clear enough.  The idea that's still evolving is that the controller should somehow see that it was asked to launch a container image that's label is Jenkins colon JNLP-slave and it should say in some place, you're using a container image that we know you're not supposed to be using. That was the concept in my mind. Okay, we'll have to discuss this. I don't think that's the place. That might be a lot of case that will be missed but still useful. I feel you will have to implement that on each of the plugins that have some other concept of container. Kubernetes plugin, Docker plugin, yet another Docker plugin. Thus, more discussion needed. Absolutely, no question. More discussion needed. But yeah, the idea, you're correct Bruno. The idea is that we should avoid having to build a new version of these images. Yeah, definitely. Thank you. So yeah, that's all for the statistics. No, eventually the detailed statistics can helps us about the operating system but we need to create dashboards or spreadsheet with formulas to extract all the variations because we have the SHA here. So how do you tell if someone want the Alma Linux but use the SHA? The SHA does not contain the information. So there is a work to associate the SHA of a tag so that we need another database or source of information in order to really have to join between information. That's raw data only. Okay, I don't want to name names but John Mark loves to do that kind of spreadsheet, graphics and so on. Never know, he could help with that. Last question I have about that is that a manual shore or is it automated in some way? No, I don't know how we could automate it right now because that will require highly privileged credentials even if we restrict to this one. So that name in a token that we need to rotate with two FA enabled. Same for adding, I mean, it's a matter of credentials. So yeah, and the time for automation and tests clearly doesn't, it's not worth it compared to five minutes per month to updating it. The important part for the community who is ensuring that there isn't only one person we access to the raw data. At least the second person active in the community should have this permission. That's really important and healthy. So what are the other use cases for this data besides trying to figure out if people are using images we don't want them to, anything else useful? Sure, well deciding, I see one right here. There's this project called Evergreen that was a long ago project that we switched off. There's another one called Jenkins File Runner and these are both indicators that they are really switched off, right? The very small numbers there are good measures for us. Ah, okay, we do not have many active users who are running those things that were switched off. So that kind of data helps me a bunch in deciding should we document anything about Evergreen other than its non-existence, no. That kind of. Okay, if there are 21, sorry, go ahead. 21, I was just thinking 21 unique IPs is not zero. It's not five, but it could potentially be, it could potentially be one farm of servers, but. Well, and for me it's the ratio between this number, 114,000 unique IPs and 21, given that ratio or even the agents ratio, which is, let's see, where's the inbound agent? Inbound agent is here. It's towards the top. Yeah, 98,000, so 100,000 to 21, three orders of magnitude is more than good enough to say that we've succeeded in not having that running widely. Mr. Shuppi's question was, will we ever switch off for real? I mean, deleting from Docker Hub any of these images to get people to react or. I don't think there's any motivation for us. Is there in general Damian, I've not seen other projects do deletion of containers. If you choose to run a container, all right, you're accepting the problem with that. I'm not sure why. I don't see any benefit to us to delete a container.  So the image is automatically deleted. The thing is, I'm not sure for the low level image, what is the real threshold? Is it an absolute zero pool at all? Or if there are few pools here that are an internal Docker bot that check that could be something or the update version. I don't know the detail, but I saw some of my personal images that are really holds since the first years of Docker that disappeared. So the process is already working since at least 2020. That's why they had the API rate limit as well. So some of our images might disappear at the moment in time. That's a good question. My personal opinion is yes, we should remove these images. But that's could be a problem to send to the product manager at Docker because that's a problem they could help us. Is it possible to still have a page on the Docker hub while the image is removed from their registry? That would help saying, okay, we keep an image, a valid URL on the Docker hub. It's not indexed by the research. So you cannot search for that image anymore. But if someone has an old link pointing to that image or know how to directly reach the page, then we could say, that slave image has been deprecated since five, six years and now you have to go there. I think it's worth asking Docker product management. They might have already tools for that. And that question spans to the official Jenkins image which already have deprecated thing. I'm not sure what's the status. I'm almost sure you cannot find it by searching it now but I might be wrong. So it could be interesting to see directly because these are specific action, one-time action to be taken by Docker. Thank you, Damien. And I'm afraid this is all we had. We're already late because we started late because of me. So I guess this one will keep it for next time. Thanks a lot for your time, folks. Thanks a lot for your help. Thanks a lot for coming. We do appreciate it. The video should be available on YouTube from 24 to 48 hours from now. Have a good rest of your day.


you and taking care of you okay she may be known as a real housewife of Beverly Hills but Kyle Richards current mansion is located in Encino California she and her husband purchased their stunning home back in 2017 for 8.25 million dollars and it's also known as the smoky Robinson estate since the singer lived there for many years prior to this property Kyle called a bell air mansion home which up until 2020 she was still trying to sell the couple also owns a desert retreat in La Quinta California which they had bought in 2014 and can vacation to whenever they please today we'll take a look at a few of Kyle's homes past and present in these videos we don't reveal any addresses even though I've done a house tour of my own place please do not show up at any private residences because it's not safe for anyone Kyle Richards is an actress socialite TV personality and more who started off as a child actor appearing in the little house in the prairie as well as many adventure and horror films since 2010 Kyle has been best known as one of the main cast members on the real housewives of Beverly Hills and is actually the last remaining original member left as of this year you may also know that she's Paris and Nikki Hilton's aunt at the time of this recording Kyle has amassed an insane net worth of a hundred million dollars making her not only the richest housewife of Beverly Hills but the richest housewife in the entire franchise considering this you already know the properties that she and her husband Maurizio Umanski live in are super impressive from their current estate in Encina which spans over 10,000 square feet to their vacation home in Palm Springs and even their former house the couple is living lavish hey guys it's care the vampire slayer and I'm bringing you another house tour here on famous entertainment I've been noticing a lot of copycat channels recently but we're the original source for celebrity house tours so be sure to hit that subscribe button and show your support we post a new video daily you guys requested this one so today we're going to take a look at real housewives of Beverly Hills are Kyle Richards and where she calls home including her Encino mansion her desert getaway and much more if you like this video be sure to check out our recent house tours on some of the real housewives of Atlanta stars like former cast member Kim Zolchak and Cherie Whitfield which we'll link to at the end and let me know which Beverly Hills housewives you want to see here next as always don't forget to follow me on instagram to chat and now let's get into this video just last year it was reported that Kyla Mauricio are attempting to sell their former Bella mansion once again the couple originally listed this home for just under $7 million in late 2017 lowering the price in 2018 but then decided to lease the mansion out for two years in 2020 it was re-listed this time at $5.95 million almost double with the high profile pair paid for the place back in 2011 when they spent $3 million in the home if you're curious when Kyle's bell air home was being rented out it was first a short-term summer rental at a pricey 50k per month in an annual with a rate of 20k monthly this mansion was located in the exclusive bell air neighborhood of Los Angeles as you might expect according to listing materials the 6229 square foot home boasted seven beds and seven baths outside it was surrounded by a charming white picket fence and a manicured lawn while the indoor spaces were extra glamorous walking in the spacious entryway had a black and white checkered floor and an eye-catching chandelier of course with 20 foot high ceilings too just off the foyer there was a glittery powder room with silver wallpaper and art deco mirror while the stylish details follow in the rest of the spaces one living room has hardwood flooring and a cozy fireplace while the dining room also boasts a fireplace this one made of whitewashed brick above there are beamed wood ceilings with skylights moving through a doorway there's the attached kitchen that boasted an all-white theme marble countertops and more skylights and this space opens to the family room and elsewhere there's a den with wet bar dear antler chandelier fireplace and tv which opens through french doors out to the yard other features of clouds former mansion include a fully soundproof home theater with wood paneling and plush seats as well as a staff suite on the main floor upstairs one of the guest bedrooms was transformed into a home gym while another was made into an office dressing room the couple's former master suite was luxe as they come with the fireplace and sitting area as well as a private terrace marble bath and double walking closets outside the tree surrounded property offered plenty of privacy as well as amenities like a brick dining terrace swimming pool and spa multi-purpose sports court and a putting green in 2017 Kyle moved to her current home a beautiful mansion located in the Encino area of Los Angeles which isn't Beverly Hills but it's still sunny and gorgeous this mansion which the couple spent 8.25 million dollars on came with a celebrity pedigree being dubbed the smoky Robinson estate considering the famed singer lived there from 1988 to 2002 while the mansion was originally built in 1912 was of course updated plenty since and it came with all the luxury features you could desire outside the home is stately and traditional situated on a 1.5 acres of land inside the home spans a sprawling 10,600 square feet Cal told Bravo TV about her beautiful mansion saying it's an absolutely beautiful home we're so happy to be there and enjoy this gorgeous home it doesn't feel like you're in Los Angeles it feels like you're in a completely different part of the country grand private gates greet you at her property where there's a circular driveway with garden and a beautiful fountain in the center walking in the southern colonial style home the entryway boasts the same checkered flooring as cows former mansion and of course it's just as glamorous the home is super inviting by the looks of it considering even outside there are oak trees and covered porches giving the place a charming feel the main residence boasts seven bedrooms with three en suites aside from the master as well as eight baths not to mention eight fireplaces there's a beautiful hearth fireplace in the dark sitting room as well as an ultra modern marble one in cows living room where she her family and the dogs can gather around together while the mansion was renovated and expanded developers still kept a traditional feel at the smoky robinson estate cows home is definitely a trophy mansion now with rooms like a sun filled formal living area and sprawling dining room there's a family room attached to the state of the art and open concept kitchen which has been decked out in blue toned cabinets and offers bar style seating yet another seating areas located in a bank of windows and overlooks the grounds and gazebo side other rooms in cows mansion include a home theater a library even a powder room with fireplace while an open space at the top of the stairs has been transformed into a lounge area cows master suite is obviously the nicest bedroom and has a fireplace walk-in closet glass walled bathroom and a beautiful 800 square foot private terrace from here you can catch views of the entire property with no neighbors in sight on the grounds of the couple's home there are a ton of features like a brand new pool and spa as well as the picturesque gazebo there's a lot of patio space to lounge or dine if that's not enough there's a newly built guest house which spans 1600 square feet of space the main area here is open air so you can easily access the pool but there's also a private bedroom and bath of course elsewhere on the property there's even a putting green and more peaceful features like a meditation garden and a running creek finally kyla marizio also own a desert getaway where they can escape from any housewives drama which they bought back in 2014 for 2.35 million dollars this retreat is located in la quinta california and the palm springs area the same neighborhood where the likes of chris Jenner has a mansion and the Kardashian Jenner is like to escape to entered via glass and iron gates Kyle's custom home here overlooks the mountains and a designer golf course while interiors span 5843 square feet of space with six beds and seven baths while it may look like your average luxury vacation villa it has over the top features like the stereo system that spans the entire home with 10 televisions 28 speakers and six control pads rooms in the mansion include a den and office area home gym and more than one living in family room not to mention there's a chef's kitchen with top level appliances and space to eat with family and friends elsewhere there's a spa billiards room and a movie theater as well as expensive stonework throw many of the rooms are decorated with brown and tan color schemes to match the palm springs desert backdrop electric pocket doors throughout the residence open up to the covered patio where there's a built-in barbecue and plenty of room to serve meals and entertain for guests there's a separate casita on the property for full privacy and of course no vacation home is complete without a swimming pool cal's luxury pool has a waterfall and spa as well which is perfect for unwinding so now we've taken a look at three of real housewives of Beverly Hills star coy orchards home this included her current mansion in Encino her former belair home and her palm springs getaway out of her three luxury properties which did you prefer it was a hard choice for me because they're all beautiful with tasteful decoration i like some of the interior features of her former belair mansion most but i love the exterior and grounds of her current Encino estate be sure to tell me what you liked or didn't like about her mansions down below i've also been reading all your comments on our house tours and i'm gonna be shouting some of you guys out i love hearing what you have to say about these celebrity houses these are from our recent kim zolchak house tour bruce winther said good taste is subjective glittering hemlines on drapes overly done window coverings and overly accessorized rooms does not always dictate good taste i can see what you're saying bruce it's definitely a bit over the top in some of the rooms gene jackson wrote kim this house is lovely nicely put together and finally rachardo blaire said the hollywood room is gorgeous i love that room too if you guys want me to show you out next time don't forget to leave me a comment about kyle's home and keep your eye out at the end of our next house tour if you haven't i'd love it if you guys subscribe to my personal channel you can get to know me better over there we'll link you my latest video thanks for watching don't forget to follow me over on instagram and i will see you all next time bye


Ladies and gentlemen, the President of the United States, and Ms. Reagan. Mr. Reagan. Mr. Reagan. Congratulations. Our countries, including Canada, and France, are in the story of a war era. Great care can be taken over four decades by the next small degree in its general friendship, We could get a session in Mandela. We could have a meeting. We could take care of it on both sides. Even the closest to friends, we have differences. Ours is the challenge of being great and the result of stagnation and decline. We play a part in the decision-making process with our respective countries. But we also know that it is the wrong and the result of the changes. Progress will not be happening on so long. We need to know more about the future to ensure the peace and prosperity of the last 40 years is maintained and strengthened as we approach the new century. Similarly, our mutual dedication to the cause of peace and security has had vast implications. A spectator of the 1960 U.S.-Japan Mutual Security Treaty. And we look forward to the Prime Minister viewing and expanding upon our security cooperation. I am pleased to have this opportunity coming to our shores. We welcome you in that spirit. Let us, too, cement the friendship happily commencing for the building journey for many years. I am Mr. Nakasone. Mr. Nakasone, we most sincerely welcome you. To the United States, I have the U.S. invitation. And to have this opportunity together with my family, to meet again with you and Mr. Reagan. Consistently made in addition to our the United States is continuing to be able to build upon the under control of the Foundation for Peace and Security. And having been done for many years to support our people and bring your community together to bring all of us. I think you've seen evidence in the actions on the Hill of the post about that it can be sustained. Some of the things that they have attempted specifically just past get-out. Mr. Bayer, you were about seeming intentions there for a faster, domestic, lead growth in your country. Structural changes and so forth. I know that from our own experience here when we started what has been a good expansionist policy that the greatest stimulant to prosperity is our own domestic market and the ability of our people to buy become, I think, a translation that is doing it better quick. I'm sorry. Thank you. Thank you.