Our bond markets are trading now. Jonathan Sheridan from FIG Securities joining us. Jonathan, good afternoon to you now. Treasuries are still falling, those yields rising, this steepening yield curve. What sort of activity are you seeing across the bond market? Yes, good afternoon, Leanne. That's right, the post-election sell-off continues, albeit at a bit of a slower pace. To be honest, we've been positioning our US dollar portfolios in particular into a more credit-driven environment, as opposed to an interest-rate-driven environment. So we're actually seeing the credits that we trade and then our clients say, and actually hold up much better than the interest-rate markets and actually outperform. So, for example, we've been buying a relatively long bond from Dell, the 2028 maturity, which has performed about 80% better than the equivalent US treasury. So only selling off by about $1, as opposed to $5. Now, some banking activity as well that you've been looking at in terms of those local bonds. Bendigo Bank doing a new three-year senior. Tell us a little more about what you're seeing in this banking activity. Yeah, that's right. Bendigo not such a frequent issuer as the major banks, but they have announced a new three and a quarter-year bond that they'll be looking to price in the next day or so, a senior unsecured. But, you know, typically in our banking sector, banks are very strong, even the secondary regionals. So probably looking at just sort of a low three, three and a quarter percent yield for that three-year senior from Bendigo. All right, fantastic. Jonathan, we'll have to cut it off there, but really appreciate you joining us this afternoon. Thank you so much. Thanks, Leanne. Jonathan Sheridan there from FIG Securities. A quick final.


I think all ideas, all successful businesses are ultimately about solving problems that nobody has solved or solving them in a differentiated way. The idea is to take your mind places you don't know why you're going. It wouldn't be obvious to go to and see what happens when you get there.


Okay well it's it's kind of they asked me to be as open and true to myself so I will tell you as it is it's actually a God story for me how I got into and to film initially I was studying sports management I was very sporty growing up and I'm passionate about basketball so I was studying sports management and at some point I realized what is my master's I realized that I didn't actually care about what happens behind the scenes in sport and that's when I decided to make the switch and I went into into film well into photography sorry and when I moved this was in Cape Town when I moved to Zimbabwe I was busy as a photographer and at that point there was a journalist who came from the Guardian who was doing an article on the anti-female the all-female anti-poaching unit that I volunteer for called Akashinga so they requested me to go with them to do translation so while I was there I realized that I had a very bad a limited perception on conservation and I wanted I was challenged by that so I became a volunteer there until an article came out about me being in this conservation initiative then the writer and the director of the first film that I did saw the article and he called me and his name is Sydney Taibadashi and he asked me to to produce the film for him I had no like I had no background in film I had no interest in film however I took like maybe four months to read the script so eventually when I read the script I felt something in my spirit jump and I recalled that two years prior to that I had gone to what you call crossover service I don't know if you know what that is so at the end of the year crossing over in the new year and the the preacher there called me out and he said that I see you holding an old school field film reel that you're going to make a film for your nation that will put your nation on the on the map so in that moment I remembered this prophecy when I got it I was saying I don't know I'm interested in film and in photography I don't know about this I just put in my journal and I forgot about it but in that moment I remembered it and that made sense when I read the script something in my spirit jumped so I believe that it was God telling me to come into phone and the journey from there has just been very much God led so it's a calling from you thank you the plans are many and I think something that's very key that I keep looking at and is one of the 30 things that I work on is mentorship mentorship and guidance is so important and it's the one thing that when I reached out to the young people via my social media platforms it's the one thing that kept kept coming up and resonating and it is through mentorship and guidance actually have a mentor in this industry his name is Ezekiel Onyango he's currently doing his masters and PhD abroad in the creative arts economy and you know he started introducing me to the film industry and crazy enough that is actually how I met Tariru and attended the Kala shower so he just kept telling me you love working with the young people many of them are in the film industry why don't you just go and see what they are doing and that's something that that's part of the plan I have the first thing I believe is in doing is understanding and I also don't believe in doing everything by myself that's why I'm so glad that Tariru is here and she can be part of the mentorship and guidance to help me to understand the film industry and how we can continue to support young people in that industry in Kenya but also in Africa Well, because we're bomb, we're a bomb people group you know and I think it's so necessary for so long the Western story has been told in movies many people know New York Times Square because of movies many people want to be proposed to by the Afro Tower because of movies and it just shows the soft power that film has so firstly because of that the soft power that film has so it's necessary for us to tell our own stories because in that we are we are perpetuating our values through our stories another thing is that we have such a rich heritage as Africans our story is so rich I mean I recall being in high school and the history that I learned was I know more about from my high school I know more about Soleneh Hitler and all these people but very I didn't actually learn about Mansa Musa you know in high school and these are part of our stories and these are the stories that need to be told because if we if we tell our stories the the origins of where we come from I believe that we as a people will have a different perspective on ourselves and our future as a continent Hi Happy Mali Happy Mali Happy Mali We should look at the film Oh There is this one on Netflix I forget its name it's got two parts to it now What's the Kenyan films on Netflix? The one with two it's got two films Disconnect I like to disconnect yeah and I also like those series that came out last last year I think it was the first original series I forget the name but the one country is it come is this season 2 yeah I'm looking forward to the season 2 and actually one of the ladies that I'm looking to work at and future projects was a writer on that film Oprah so so I am I am looking to have collaboration with Kenyans in the future Well if Tariru directs it and produces it then maybe it can work but I did get a few proposals because I also work with the deaf community and the deaf the deaf community that in the film industry had asked me that they want us to do a film about the connection between the hearing people and the deaf people but they're still working on the plan and the program and doing some funding for it so we'll have to wait Thank you And challenge accepted How did this happen with the deaf community? So we thought to ask you've shown us an interest in helping the deaf in capital and private Now the question will be going forward what would you advise the deaf in terms of the creative industry how do you choose a project because the deaf gets to work And we know this thing because we assume that people are not doing that Now the question is who was the leader in the position you raised What's wrong with helping the deaf in the country? Well that's a loaded question and I think I'll also ask Tariru to step in to give her perspective but the first thing I love to do is to interact with young people in whatever sector it is in I've just come from an energy forum that's called the Powering Africa Summit and I'm not in the energy sector but because the young people asked me to champion for them that agenda and its relation to climate action that's how I got involved so for me the first step is really understanding where the opportunities for young people and reaching out to them when I went to the energy forum as those were interested in the sector to email me I left them with my email to email me and I got so many emails from young people saying this is what I've done I've studied or I'm passionate about this I have this innovation and so what I've just done I've registered an NGO it's called the Young People's Network International and through that we're going to look at the different avenues that young people are in and get to know is it mentorship that you need is it funding that you need is it just a door that you need to open for is it equipment that you need because I think this is a very equipment heavy industry and seeing how do we negotiate for our young people to get concessionary rates when it comes to getting equipment and starting equipment can we have partnership with some of these big companies so that young people can at least have a base and a place to start off so I think let me put it there in a nutshell and just ask Thairu also to give our perspective yeah I think that's absolutely great what Shadeen has said and I think to be more broader I think just in in relation to the young people and the future I think digital is the future I think ensuring that in many ways I know that there's now the social media here and let's find ways to monetize digital platforms because that is the future I mean I was just sharing with somebody the other day there's this new software and I'm just like it's actually quite scary as a filmmaker but there's this new software with AI you can completely watch a film that's been AI generated which can make our industry obsolete so right now let's see how we can be a step forward let's see how we can integrate technology and AI let's not be afraid of it let's see how we can teach our young children our youth to be at par with the West and with AI I will do so I imagine you have to be part of the future of the world also and ideally the concept of climate change and environment is something that the youth have are not really going in that direction I had someone say the other day that we are a copycat continent just look at so much of what's happening in the West the world to forget what's happening in the West so the question is what will you advise the youth to do telling our climate stories because Africa has forests, animals all those and we are a generation of them the next generation how do we resolve it ensuring that we will put it for our future generation because the animals that are being saved how do we make that happen how do we make that happen and where would you like the youth to come into touch I think my focus would be encouraging youth to participate in ensuring that these animals don't become extinct I think my first port wouldn't be documenting these animals because they're about to be extinct but what can we do to ensure that they don't I think telling stories to make Africans African youth appreciate the value and the heritage that is our heritage through wildlife so there's a buy-in in conservation is very necessary and a lot of the climate talk is about how we're not actually participating has Africa as much in the challenges of climate in terms of emissions we actually produce a lot more of green I think you're more in the climate space you're giving me the right terminology but we are producing more green emissions is that the term? terminology so I think also telling those stories that we are good and we can actually be champions the rest of the world because we still have a lot of our wilderness spaces intact I think Tariro started by sharing her story and the preacher told her what was in her hands I think as young people we need to start by using what is in our hands and what I love about TikTok the reason I'm in TikTok is because I have with the young people others are singers but I really follow a lot of people who contact on TikTok and they don't have to have the latest phone they use whatever is in their hands so I think as young people we need to use whatever is in our hands and any time you're given that opportunity you need to present your idea you need to give it somewhere I also work in the agriculture space and I can tell you we don't have content creators in the agriculture space we have Kaleb Karuga who's the only content creator in the agriculture space and I'm supporting him because I'm also in agriculture but I picture if we had a young filmmaker who comes to my farm sees what I'm doing with my peas goes to Kaleb's farm sees what he's doing goes to a different farm and can put together these ideas and it can become it can actually be something that he sells or he or she sells and say I have this bank of information if you want access to it you pay this much something like that so I really think as young people and I think a month ago I said a statement that didn't sit well with many people that as young people we should not sit and be lazy and I don't regret my statement because I interact with the young people every single day whether it's online whether it's through email, through phone and I can tell and I know that as young people we really need to first of all motivate ourselves and secondly we really need to have mentors in our lives and a mentor doesn't have to be somebody who's very far it could be a friend it could be a parent it could be your lecturer so I really think we need to use what is in our hands yeah Okay, so just before we wrap up Terry, if you're working in a brand new project so tell us a little bit about that and what we should do with pleasure so I am doing a a multi-national collaboration between Zimbabwe, Rwanda and there's seven countries the African countries featured there's Zimbabwe, Rwanda, Senegal Kenya Nigeria Uganda and South Africa so we have creatives from these seven countries which is the first of its kind on the continent the production's name is Alkebrilan we released the teaser I think there will be a a showing of the teaser tonight so you'll get some you'll be able to see it and if anybody wants a link to the teaser for their platforms you can get a hold of us you can see Leon there who will put his hand up and he will share with you but he is very excited about this collaboration that we're doing it's the first in a series of films the first one is Zimbabwe, Rwanda and these seven countries the second one is Kenya Amin talks already with the producer local producer looking to go to Ghana and a South African country so yeah, very excited to be sharing this finally it's been a three year journey the synopsis of the film is about identity a college student who has lost her identity and she bumps into someone special who then basically challenges her perspective I don't want to give too much but there's some time jumping, time time, what you called space travel time travel there's some time travel in there and it's sci-fi, it's afro-futuristic and it's bomb how come it took three years? we don't appreciate film on this continent that's what I'm learning doesn't matter who you are yeah, so I'm hoping that this is going to be a start to showing our skills as African filmmakers and the story that we have to tell finally, Shalini do you have an amazing thing happening tomorrow with the Deaf community? yes, yes so, yes I do have 30 things and people say they are many but I try to collaborate them into each other so we are having a blood drive with basketball at the Lindsay Sports Complex in Langata and Tarira is a basketballer wanted her to play but we're not sure whether she's ready for the team, the Kenyan team this is the thing, I didn't want a diplomatic situation when I'm now dunking on everyone you know so I thought that we bow out no problem she'll be there cheering on a girls team there's going to be a Deaf girls team versus hearing and also we'll have a Deaf men's team versus a hearing men's team so it's going to be a very unique event so encourage everyone, it's open to the public we need to plan and watch basketball Shalene, do you play basketball at all? I do not play basketball and I shoot hoops so badly would you guys be interested in Shalene and I shooting, you shoot you shoot hoops badly you can try you can try but I do have another special guest coming tomorrow whom you'll shoot hoops with that's good thank you very much are we happy? thank you very much


All right, so now that we've kind of messed around with Word and we've introduced this idea that yes, I can type stuff Onto a computer and then make it look pretty We start to flush out some of the different ideas that we can also look at and one of those is now we introduce something called tables and You know, this is actually a pretty important Concept for CIS 110 this idea of a table isn't it isn't one of those guys It's not something I eat off of it's not something I put, you know magazines across Arbitrarily for people to read Tables actually mean something completely different on the computer And then we'll get into this idea of desktop publishing and basically what that is is now that we can mess around with word And we saw this, you know, we built that flyer for the pet photography We actually now go and we say well, what else can we do with this? I have pictures. I have Shapes I have text. How can I do that to all of those different elements of The computer and how do I make them work together?


So, your dreams, goals and desire, aspirations, it's good that you spend little more time on it and see, will this really mean something to you even after twenty-five years, fifty years? If you are in your death bed, will it still mean something to you? You must look at it. So, it will be very good if anybody of your age, if they want to decide and fix the goals of their life, it will be very good if they take a break from all influence that's around them. Social influences, family influences, other influences, withdraw somewhere, that's why in ashram, withdraw somewhere, sit down, meditate, bring yourself to a certain level of clarity and joy. When you're very happy and clear, you must decide. Not in desperation, you set goals.


Good morning, everybody. Thanks for coming. I'm really excited to be here. Some of you might know I'm actually from this area. I was growing up here and unfortunately, I needed to move away for business reasons that quite a while ago. So I'm particularly thankful that the Lennox Foundation brought up all these conferences to Düsseldorf this year. This is really exciting because there's an interesting fact I must have been missed while I was away. It seems that there has been a cultural revolution going on in Germany and now even in Düsseldorf people are wearing Lederhosen. That's a really exciting thing. So I'm quite amazed. Now, today I want to talk to you about the building blocks of Amazon Web Services and how this relates to open source. Obviously, Lennox and open source project played a big role in that. So a question I do get very often is how did an online bookseller end up a large cloud vendor? How did that happen? And to understand that you really need to go back to the mid-90s when Jeff Bezos founded the company and he was really after founding an online retail company rather than a cloud company. But you quickly realized in order to be successful in the internet business, you needed quite a sophisticated IT infrastructure and back in those days it meant spending a lot of capital buying stuff from a few well-known brands that offered proprietary and often very expensive solution stacks on top of that and that made it fairly hard to get started for a startup because most of your capital was sunk into IT infrastructure. And another problem was the fact that if you didn't use your IT equipment all the time, like in the case of Amazon, we have this online retail business and IT usage flocked to age subnavingly over the course of the day and even over the course of the year and when you're buying all these expensive things and realize that if you want to offer a great service to your customers, let me try to get this away here, you need to provision your IT infrastructure for the peak time plus some extra to be safe because you want to provision a good user experience and if it happens to be like in our case the Christmas season where everybody seems to be buying a lot for a few weeks and then the rest of the year your IT infrastructure sits idle largely, you are in a situation where it's not optimal. Plus the other thing was he was trying to sell books, not become an IT expert really, but to get started you needed to spend a lot of time and resources again in creating this IT infrastructure and that made it very hard to get started. So those were some of the lessons we learned. To address this idle infrastructure problem we thought about what can we do to offer this infrastructure to other people as well. So the idea of allowing other sellers to use our infrastructure was born. So we needed to create an infrastructure that we could use to safely host other sellers business on our platform and that was kind of the first service model that we ventured into. That took off quite a bit and we continued that. So the next target group we were focusing at were developers, software developers often have a similar problem because they need hardware resources, particular for testing and integration cycles for a short amount of time. Often it's hard to predict when they need it and once they're done, it's sitting idle. So the traditional IT resource acquisition cycles didn't work well for them. So with these groups we found already a few folks that really started to love this idea of the cloud, what we now call it. And Amazon took this further. So on March 14, 2006 we made this press release. We announced the first public service, S3, the simple storage service. This was our first public cloud service and we took it from there. A cloud service as we know it today, somewhat different from how we started.  You want to be globally available.  We currently have 10 regions work-wide and for reliability reasons you want to have fault isolation zones, which we called availability zones. We currently have 52 peering points that connect our infrastructure to the rest of the internet and then there is this storage block that I already talked about which was the first one. Once you offer storage services to the public you inevitably end up needing waste and control access. Security mechanisms, audit mechanisms are a very natural consequence of that. Once you store your data in the cloud you realize, wouldn't it be great if I can not only store it there, but also process it there? So this is when we started to develop EC2, the eclastic compute cloud service. So now you have your data in the cloud and you have your servers in the cloud. When that grows you quickly realize, oh, I need networking. I need a way to model my virtual data center like my original data center that I may or may not have had in the past and this is one of the most critical pieces to get right. Networking is often overlooked in the cloud business and this is a key technology to get right, especially if you want to future-prove it for scaling.  Now what you see on screen right now is what many people consider a classical cloud business. Amazon didn't stop there. Remember the heart lesson that Jeff learned when he said I want to become an online bookseller? This, what you see there in an online book business, there's quite a big gap still. So what is really important is to have a lot of these standard services available that make your life easy and help you to apply your websites. So we started to add database services because it's not just a raw object storage. You want to have a high-level API that often is offered by databases. When you got this, you want to be able to analyze this data. So you need an analytic services and looking at typical web applications, you will see a lot of standard building blocks that keep repeating from application to application. So we added those app services. These are things like orchestration things, queuing services, and even basic things like email sending services or search for your data. Now a key audience that we always want to focus at is developers. So if you want to be successful, you want to have a very good development environment. So you make it easy to manage and deploy your things. So for the cloud, this means you want to have things like container technologies like we have with elastic beanstalk, but also DevOps is a key thing. So we developed something that's called Opsworks that allows you to manage your various deployments in an efficient way. And finally, if you're infrastructure growth, there are templating technologies like we have with Cloud Foundation that helps you to grow if you want to scale out, have patterns that you can replicate over regions or availability zones and scale up and down if needed. So about a few years ago, that was a pretty good view of what the cloud... Identity management across multiple devices and sync services to store and sync your data across all these devices became pretty much a mandate. You wanted to have push services and this drove another wave of innovation. Now, you could see that we're done now. We've helped many of our customers to move their data centers over. What's next? And the next thing we thought about was, if they want to focus all their energy on becoming experts at their core technology, at their product, offering services to their customer, running desktops is probably not part of this. So we developed the virtual desktop service where you can now run your desktops in the cloud and then use simple devices. This could be classical PCs with a web browser or tablets or even cell phones to access your desktop that is running in the cloud. This simplifies the maintenance of these desktops quite a bit and helps again our customers to focus their attention on the things that they need to excel at their business rather than becoming IT experts. Now, this is quite a sophisticated view of clouds now because it's not just as foundational services but you need to offer a lot more. So from 2006, when we started to 2014, we've seen quite an impressive growth of adding features and services to AWS. I don't really want to dwell into all of these services here, but one thing I want you to take away from here is if you look at the number of new features or substantial features on new services that we have launched each year, you will see slight acceleration is getting more and more and more each year and that seems to be continuing quite steadily. How's that possible? And this is what we call the AWS Innovation Flywheel. Let me walk you through this because it's a bit of a complex thing to understand. Let me start with one of the circles here and that's the innovation cycle. If you can innovate and in order to innovate, you need a few things. The ability to really modify every parameter of your system is a key and Linux and open source provides some very good basis to do that. So open source technology allowed us to do this. Remember we started out with these expensive proprietary systems, migrating them to standard off-the-shelf commodity servers, running Linux and open source software instead was a big step forward. It helped us to lower our infrastructure costs and that in turn allowed us to reduce prices. Now reducing prices means it attracts more customers and when you have more customers it will drive up usage and more usage means you have a growing ecosystem. It's not only your internal ecosystem that's growing, it's also the external ecosystem that's growing. People start to do things with your platform that you haven't thought about. It's just again this idea of allowing people to do something and then carry it forward into places that we haven't thought about. We're very much encouraging people to think about it and we're also spending energy and starting to contribute back to open source projects. Linux kernel, the Zen project are just a few examples of these and I'll touch those in a minute again. Now more AWS usage will inevitably require more infrastructure and more infrastructure increases your economy of scale. You can just buy stuff at lower cost and that closes this flywheel. You're back to lowering your infrastructure. We've done this already on the software side now. We've got the hardware aspects of this and that keeps this flywheel spinning. You've got this richer circle going on and on and on and it's not even just that it keeps rotating. It also can accelerate. Any progress you make on any of these circles will keep the flywheel accelerating and that's how for example we were able to reduce prices 45 times since we started which is a significant achievement and I expect this trend to continue. Now let's talk about the glue that sits between all these building blocks and this is an operating system. We call it Amazon Linux although there's not much special about it. It's really an assortion of open source components that we put together and use this to build key parts of the AWS infrastructure. Obviously we wanted to have a certain amount of control over it. What it comes to updates, security is a pretty important thing and I'll touch that in a minute. Stability is important but also freshness. We wanted to control the rhythm of how quickly we enter new stuff into this and that really drove the decision to try to come up with our own version of Linux and while this is the foundation of Amazon Web Services it's not something that we just sit on. It's actually something that we provide to everybody inside of EC2 or AWS at large. So if you're starting an EC2 instance or if you're using some of the services that run on top of EC2 you are using Amazon Linux. You have the option obviously while Amazon Linux is an operating system that we offer to use it's not the only choice you have. Actually we are very much about choice. If you choose to run another operating system feel free to do so. We're actively working with a bunch of partners that offer Linux distributions so that they work well inside of the Amazon ecosystem as well. So that's pretty much a key for us. We do not want to lock you in. We want to offer choice. Now I have security on this slide. Let me touch on this a little bit more. We've seen in recent weeks how important security is. Being able to control the ecosystem at your own pace can sometimes be really helpful to save your customers. Inside of AWS we use a shared security model. That means we as Amazon take care of all the infrastructure and all the software that we run. And we try as good as we can to keep this secure. But you have some responsibility as well as an EC2 customer because the stuff that you control, the things that you operate you need to take care of the security yourself. Security is not a state. It's a process. And the better your process is the better you have your security. Now we try to help you as good as we can and an example is Amazon Linux. It comes with a very small initial set of packages. So we reduce the attack surface. Access allowed and we provide security updates in a very timely manner and have various ways to inform you about this. So there's a regular cadence of releases to provide you the latest and greatest stuff as well. So security is a key feature of it. Stability is another one that I talked about. So in an enterprise environment you really don't want to change too many things. If you make changes you need to do a lot of testing to make sure you don't accidentally break things. Nevertheless we are living in a web world and one of the things that the web world told us is that innovation is key. You need to be able to innovate fast. And I want to use an example here to show how we treat innovation. Docker, who have you heard about Docker? That's quite a while. But I'm pretty sure you can hardly leave this conference without having heard about it again. I'm not the only one talking about it. It's literally across the program everywhere. So we started to introduce Docker in our spring release this year and we've just updated it with the fall release. We have two releases a year with Amazon Linux. So we did an upgrade to version 1.2 and we continue to provide upgrades. Now this is a technology that moves fast. For others we have established technologies. You don't want to lose what is working for you. So that's why we often provide multiple versions of the same thing. So for example within Amazon Linux you get multiple versions of Ruby or Python or other languages installed in parallel so you can use them at your choice. Now while Docker innovates we're going to keep updating it because it's a nascent technology that will see a lot of improvement over time. It's not something that we only offer to you. We also use this technology in our own stuff. So it's available if you want to run it inside an EC2 instance you can choose to do so. But we've also included technologies like Docker already in our higher level services. Elastic Beanstalk is our container service so you can use it inside there already. And then I already talked about Amazon Opsworks. So it's another way to use Docker if you want to use it at a slightly higher level rather than doing all the work yourself. Now let me come back to the fact that we are in Germany and touch some of the contributions that Amazon is doing to open source. About last year we started to increase our engagement with the open source community. We became a member of the Linux Foundation. We became a member of the Zen project and we continued that this year with joining the Core Infrastructure Initiative and we also thought about growing our global developer footprint. So here in Germany we opened up the Amazon Development Center in Germany and we have two locations in Dresden and Berlin. At Amazon each team owns usually their stuff from idea to deployment so we create these centers of excellence. So Berlin is the center of excellence for machine learning a very important technology that is seeing a lot of growth there. The Opsworks team is also located in Berlin. And in Dresden we have the team that is doing EC2 instance development and Amazon Linux development. That was quite challenging for us. We started off last year and in Berlin we're already building out a new site because the old one got too small. In Dresden we had a similar challenge. We had two floors that we started with and I recently opened up a search floor to create more space for developers. So we're really serious about getting engaged with the open source community and having more visibility. If you want to help us feel free to catch me in the hallway or any of my colleagues that are here this week with that. Thanks a lot for joining here and I'm happy to see you through the course of the week. Thanks a lot.


Gendered of California, on behalf of independent Chevron gas stations and standard stations throughout the West, I invite you to let George do it. The Impatient Redhead, another adventure of George Valentine. President, I'll notice. Danger is my stock and trade. If you feel you're trapped and can't see your way on a loan, you've got a job for me, George Valentine. Write full details. Dear Mr. Valentine, if this sounds like a letter to a love law and column, that's exactly what it is. I've been seeing a man for the last six months. I love him, and I can swear he loves me too. I must know what it is that's keeping him from admitting his feelings. What is he afraid of? Is there a secret in his life he can't share with me? All this will must find out.  I shall be in my apartment at the Raleigh Towers all day waiting for you. And it's signed Blanche Legler. Blanche Legler? Yeah, that'd be the daughter of the late beer baron, Otto Legler. Sure. Legler's Lager, the brew with tradition. Yeah, she must be worth millions, Bruxy. I wonder what does make this guy so backward about being forward? Well, lady, the gentleman has a wife and four kids and hackens out. Well, there's no harm in talking to Blanche. No matter what happens, I bet you get a cold bottle of beer out of it. Well, you know I'm dying of curiosity, but I've got to stay here and wait for that long distance call you're expecting from Detroit. Oh, well, I don't take it to heart, Angel. If you're a Blanche Legler has to confide, I'll let you have it in gaudious detail. See you later. Look at me, Mr. Valentine. Ah, that doesn't take any effort at all, Miss Legler.  I don't need that reassuring. Well, suppose you stop quarter-decking up and down, then maybe we can find out just what you do need. All right. Maybe you've read some things about me in the paper. I make good copy. They say my father spoiled me. And I'm used to getting what I want. Worst of that effect. Sentimentaure is something I want. I know he loves me. I can feel it.  What happened? All I get is that continental charm and gentility until it almost makes me sick. Sit down, Miss Legler. I can't. I'm too nervous. I've done everything but get down on my knees to propose to Miss Legler. Miss Legler. Miss Megger Blanche. All right, Blanche. Now, aside from the glint in his eye, how do you know you're the only woman in this life? Oh, I know they've been others, George. Even after another for a year, and all of them redheads. Well, that's very interesting. You're right in the tradition, Anna. Yes, there was a parade of redheads. Every night a different one sitting with him at the same table in the oval room of the Stafford Hotel. But for the last six months, I've been the only one. Well, Blanche, maybe you're playing it wrong. It might be a good idea if you were on the defense, play hard to get, instead of leading with your left. Oh, don't be naive, George. I've tried being elusive and oh, so very feminine. That doesn't work like... Aha, I see. Well, from what you told me, this Vicente character is an exceedingly polished gentleman, son of a Spanish marquese and stuff. So what? Take another look at me. Is it such a calm down for him to marry me?  Thank you. But I'll be equally frank. Throwing out male icebergs isn't exactly my racket. Now, we're snooping into people's private lives, except when they've definitely strayed from the straight and narrow. Can't you use a big faxie? Oh, sure, always. But none of it's going to make me unhappy with myself. I suppose I can assure you it won't be a snooping. I bet you're good at cryptic brass. I'll show you what I mean. Here, in the drawing. Blanche, what is it? I received your call and the... Oh. Do you realize, Vicente, this is the first time we've seen each other during the day. It's always been the over room at night. That is no matter. Is there anything wrong? I... Oh, this is Mr. Valentine. Mr. Montoya. How do you do? How do you do? Vicente, this seems to be the day for frankness. Como? I hired this man to find out what it is that stands between us, darling. You did this, Blanche? Why? Why? Ah, now... Oh, come on, George. You can't call it snooping when we put all our cars on the table. But you did this? She's very unfortuant, Blanche. But what did you expect me to do? Do you think I sat there all those evenings just to sample all the rare wines you ordered with such assortment or indulging blib conversations? Please, Blanche. Whatever's keeping you from saying what you feel I want to know, bring out me open. I'll stand by you, Vicente. Was there not a young man named Thomas Sloan? I should never have come into your life, Blanche. Good-bye. Oh, Mr. Valentine. Yeah? I know Blanche's power of persuasion. But if I were in your place, I would not pursue this matter any further. It would bring no good to anyone. Especially you. What's that supposed to mean? This just happens to be a day for primeness, as Blanche says. Adios. Well, George? Well, in his polite ways, anyone toya carries a very big chip on a shoulder. I wonder what had happened if I knocked it off. Why don't you? I think I will, Blanche. We're in business. If you must know, Miss Brooks, I bribed the maid. That's how I know Blanche called in Valentine. Oh, you've got it bad, Mr. Sloan. You're not wrong. I can't think. I can't work. I can't do anything. Well, I don't know what to tell you until we find out what Mr. Valentine's decided to do. Wait a minute. Miss Brooks, a woman's no different from a man. I mean, you can tell when someone's meant just for you and you for him, can't you? I think I can. Well, that's the way it's been between Blanche and me for years, until Montoya came along.  They've got nothing in common. It's different between Blanche and me. We know how to laugh together. Have fun. All right. Calm down, Mr. Sloan. Oh. Oh. Anyway, will you give Valentine this message? Yes. Whatever he finds out about with Senator Montoya, I want to know, too. I'm willing to pay for it. Well, I'm sure that will interest him a great deal. And you can also add, Blanche will never marry Montoya, no matter what I have to do. Yeah, Brooks, see, that's very interesting about Tommy, but it's hardly news. Well, you must have got around this morning, darling. Yeah, and here's the net results. Vicente Montoya is the real thing. More money than he can live to spend. And his father is in my case, all right? And listen to the trimmings the old man could tag onto his name. Yeah. Grand officer of the Spanish Legion of Honor, Grand Cross of St. Gregory the Great, Knight of Zerah, go-sense, so on and so on. All of which leaves you where, Mr. Dorothy did. Exactly. Nowhere. Well, what does this Vicente Montoya look like? What's his great charm? Oh, I don't know. Call it breeding if you want, Brooksy. But he's handsome, besides. Shiny black hair, distinguished. Walks as though he swallowed a ramrod. Oh, yeah. He knows the vintage years of all the best wines. Oh, poor Tommy. And the final fact, which I'm sure Blanche already knows, Vicente lives with his father, the Marquis of Montoya, and the such a sweet of the hotel world. Why don't you just let love take its course? Blanche will either wind up in a suburban cottage or a castle in Spain? I know, I know. But why the chip on Vicente's shoulder if everything is all sweetness and light? What? Hey, wait. George, what are you doing? Just looking at your hair. Well, you've never looked at it that way before. Now look, Angel, this hurts me more than it does you. But you're going over to the beauty parlor and have those lovely locks dyed red. George! Huh? I suppose you wonder why I had the headway to ask you to come over to my table. I was curious enough to join you, wasn't I? I'm very grateful, Miss Brooks. Oh, Henri. Yes, in your Montoya. A bottle of sherry. You know the only year I think is worthy of a great occasion. Oh, of course. The moment you walked in, I noticed your hair. It is truly very lovely. Oh, thank you. I'm not just making idle conversation, please believe me. All the men in the Montoya family, as far back as anyone can remember, have chosen women who have red hair. Oh, no. No wonder when I walked in, you didn't take your eyes off me for a moment. I only know of one woman with red hair more beautiful than yours.  No woman likes to think herself second best. Where's your gallant? I'm afraid I lost it. Along with a great many other illusions? Well, we're going to do something about that tonight. When you came in, I thought you might be able to take her place. Make me forget. Blanche. Blanche. She's the only woman I ever loved. I'm giving her up. Oh. Sherry's than yours. The way you like it. Thank you. I, uh... Why did you tell me all this, Mr. Montoya? Why? So you can run back and tell Mr. Valentine? What did you say? Red hair will be coming to you, Miss Brooks. But I can see that it was died.  That leaves you the top man on the totem pole. I'll take your part. Skip it. Just let me ask you a simple question. If you love Miss Legler, why are you so willing to give her up? Why don't you tell Mr. Valentine he will never find that out the day that I die? You must excuse me, Mr. Valentine, but I'm really listening. Okay, have a chill way in my case, but I don't believe you. Did you ever think, senor, that in a long life one learns much? Yes, I know. What about your son? One learns about many things. Now these pistols, the largest private collection of Spanish dueling pistols in the world. Congratulations. I make it a point to spend an hour a day with them, oil them, polish them, see that they withstand the passage of time. But go on, senor. What were you saying? All right, here it is. Your son is in love, but he won't dare admit it. You know why? Senor, my son is not a simpering girl, and I'm not a duena to watch over the members. What is he afraid of? You ought to know you're his father. It's strange about this pistol. The barrel hardly moves. Let's see. You're holding onto me, my case, and I'm a pretty stubborn guy. Hey! Well, that almost took my ear off. Oh, I'm so sorry, senor Valentine. I was sure there was no bullet in that pistol. Yeah. Anyway, thanks for missing. It does prove something, doesn't it? Does it?  No, it's rather bad, senor. Oh, sure, you're so right, Marquay. And don't think I'm going to forget it. Maria! Yes, senor? Please show the gentleman out. He hasn't got all the time in the world. Goodbye, senor Valentine. Maybe we'll have another man-to-man talk again when you're not fussing with your pistols. Senor, I know that which you are trying to find out. I've been with the Manteus for very many years. Why, Maria, I'm surprised that you've had your ear at the keyhole. How much will you pay? Oh, I have a very liberal client. $500? Could be. My sister's grandchild. That money was mean to go to the university. When do we get to talk? Later tonight. I live in your room at 28 Douglas Street. You will be there. That's out of your own sex proxy over here. Tomorrow I'm going to have the most expensive shampoo at Rudolph's and put it on the office expense account. Well, you're welcome to it. I don't know if it's polite, George, but the door is open. Yeah, so it is. George, he's asleep. Maybe it'd be better if we came back in the morning. Hold on, Pussy. Even when people sleep, they manage to breathe. Now wait. Let me see. Pussy. Maria isn't asleep. She's dead. There's no sign of violence. Maybe this empty bottle on the bed table means something. I don't know, but this note here does. What does it say, George? When you will find me, I am dead. I know now I could not tell you the secret of the Montoyers and go on living in peace and honor, so I do this thing. Forgive me, Maria. We'll return to tonight's adventure of George Valentine in just a moment. Meanwhile, a word about where. It's easy to keep the outside and inside of your car, spick and span, but how can you keep the interior engine parts clean and efficient? How can you save those expensive, tight-fitting parts from the where caused by fast-forming carbon, rust, and acids? Engineers at Standard of California licked this problem by developing RPM motor oil. And they did the job so well that a recent survey shows western motorists prefer RPM 2 to 1 over any other motor oil. Chemical compounds in RPM keep your entire engine cleaner. They protect hot spots left bare and exposed to wear by ordinary motor oils. They prevent costly rust, corrosion, and crankcase foaming. And that's why RPM, a premium-quality motor oil, gives your car longer life at low-cost operation. Get it tomorrow at a standard station or an independent Chevron gas station, where they say, and mean, we'll take better care of your car. And now back to tonight's adventure of George Valentine. Well, a fiery red-headed heiress hires you to find out all you can about a certain Spanish nobleman. He's what she wants, so with some reluctance you take the case, only to find yourself threatened with violence on all sides. What's more, the faithful old servant of the Montoya family prefers suicide to revealing the secret, which you know is there. But being as stubborn and curious as George Valentine, you pay a visit with Claire to the old Marquise of Montoya. I don't know if I want to talk to you tonight, Mr. Valentine. Miss Krupp. Sorry, Marquise, but you're going to have to. May I get you a glass of sherry and lady? I'll call Maria. No. Nobody will call Maria any more. I cannot get used to the idea. You see, she has been in the family so many years. Which just about brings us to the point, doesn't it, Mr. Montoya? Yeah, there's no question the Maria committed suicide. But that's not enough of me. What made her do it? What makes any of us do what we do with our lives? In the note she left, she said something about not being able to live in peace or honor. In our country, more important than bread and water or even life itself are dignity and honor. Marquise, you knew Maria was going to tell me whatever it is you and your son are trying to hide? It is very little. I do not know where it goes on in this house. Well then, let's not mince words.  That is very harsh, Mr. Valentine, and not true. What is true then? I merely reminded her of the years she considered. I remember the Montoya family and the kindness we showed her. I never meant it to be more than a reminder. I never thought that she would go so far. But it was better for you rather than have a talk. Think what you please, Mr. Valentine. As far as that young man in Barcelona... The one Maria wanted the money for? The one she was willing to forsake all loyalty for. Yes. I will take care of him. He will not want for anything. Maria can rest quietly. Oh, we thank thee. As you see, we have visitors. I know. Miss Brooks, I am sorry about that little fiasco I carried out in the overall... Believe me, I am seldom that old. Oh, do not let him worry, Mr. Montoya. I seldom walk around with blazing red haze. There is really nothing more to say, Mr. Valentine. That is father. Well, I have something to say. Okay, let's have it.  I did not mean it that way. I know this is getting rather awkward. Everybody being so sorry about everything. Why don't we just cry on each other's shoulders? Mr. Valentine, I am serious. I know you are interested only in the welfare of your client. That's right, Miss Legler. I realize that most of the fault is mine. I cannot monopolize any woman's time for six months without having her make certain obvious assumptions. What are you driving? I give you my word as a gentleman that I shall never see her again. Marriage is completely out of the question. Therefore the reason can't possibly be important. Could you tell Blanche that and forget the whole thing? Confidentially, friend, I wasn't too happy with this case from the beginning. Yes. And if marriage is out of the question, I don't see what good I can do. Yeah, I'll speak to Miss Legler in the morning. And so that's how it is, Blanche. And I'm inclined to agree with Vicente. So how about dropping the whole thing? Maybe the day after tomorrow you will think that's pretty good advice. Since I was four years old, Miss Brooklyn, only advice I've taken was my own. I'm on a coffee, Blanche. Oh, tell me what are you doing here? I told you we have nothing more to talk about. We'll see about that. You're Valentine, aren't you? That's the name the mother insisted on it. It happened to be my father's name. I'll take it easy, will you, Thomas? I spoke to Montoya after you and Miss Brooks left. Vicente said he had a busy evening.  Vicente doesn't want you. Why don't you mind your own business? Slap me all you want. That won't change things. Isn't that what Montoya said to you, too, Valentine? Well, uh, he was a little more suave about it. Look at me, Blanche. I love you. It isn't something that happened just yesterday or six months ago. It's been there for years. And you love me, too. You told me there's no changing that. Oh, Tommy, please. Please go. Okay, I'm leaving. But I'm never going to be too far away. You know, Blanche, I think your friend Tommy has the right idea. I remember you were saying you wanted to drop the case, George. I said I thought it would be best. I may as well tell you I'll only hire someone else. Well, there's no mistaking that, George. No, wait a minute, Blanche. Changing your mind? I still think somebody's going to get hurt in this deal. But as long as you're going to get a stand in for me anyway, I may as well go along for the ride. Oh, now listen, friend, the Spanish news syndicate should know more than that about one of the most prominent families in Spain. Perhaps, Mr. Valentine, but that's the only information that's available. Professor Artegi, if there's anybody who knows all about Spanish history, it's you. There must be something about the Montoya. Forgive me, young man, I am not the gossip columnist. The historian deals only with the facts, and I gave you those. Mr. Valentine, Miss Brooks, don't apologize. The writer is always looking for any excuse to knock off work. Oh, that's very kind of you, Mr. Wendell. The truth is, my dear, I wasn't even working. I just sat here in front of the typewriter in case my wife comes in. Okay, but what about the Marquis of Montoya? Ah, fascinating old gentleman. Had lunch with him civil once, I'll never forget it. He never even cracked a smile. Why don't you've written enough books about Spain to be an authority? Could there be anything about the Montoya families that they go to all this trouble to conceal? I mean, why would a man like Vicente Montoya turn his back on a woman who's beautiful and has a fortune? Well, there is one story, but I don't know whether or not to... What's that supposed to be? The Montoya line goes way back, even beyond the time when Columbus became America's first tourist. Well... It's hard to separate legend from fact, especially when it has to do with Spain. But there's supposed to be a curse on the Montoyas. Oh, wait a minute, now hold on. Now, don't look at it that way. This is more fact than legend. Ask a Spaniard about it, and you'll probably get nowhere. But it's all there on the records. What's in the records? Well, don't be so mysterious, Mr. Wendell. Without being too descriptive, Miss Brooks, it seems to have been a strange creature popping up on the Montoya family tree every fourth generation. Strange creature? What are you talking about? A stunted little beauty, always about three or four feet tall, its feet will end where the normal man's knees begin. And he never has a single hair on his body. The last one I remember being born was in 1828. Oh, how terrible. There's probably a very sound scientific reason for it, but I suppose it's much more romantic calling it a curse. So that's it. What? Well, don't you see, Brooksy, that's why he's afraid to marry. Afraid that this thing might happen again to his children or his children's children. But it doesn't have to happen every fourth generation, does it, Mr. Wendell? Miss Brooks, I am not an authority on eugenics or the laws of heredity. Well, thanks a lot, Wendell. This calls for a final chat with the Marquesa Montoya. Just the two of us. Oh, I get all kinds of jobs, Marquesa. Some I like, some I don't. Now you understand why you had to be kept this secret. And I'm willing to leave it that way. I'll think of a good reason to give Blanche so she'll have no more questions to ask. Gracias. Suppose I say that Vicente has a wife in South America. I think I can even produce a fake marriage. Could you do that, Senor? I thought you had a reputation to never smile. I know, but I never thought that a young man from a young country could have so much understanding and so much. Well, it doesn't take too much understanding to know what you've gone through, Marquesa. The courage and the iron will it took for you and Vicente to live with the Montoya Kurds. One does what one has to. Put your right about our meeting in the country, Mr. Ballantyne. I have an estate in our heredity now. Vicente and I will leave for there as soon as we can arrange it. Yeah, yeah, I think that'll be best. The chapter will be closed. Well, good-bye, sir. Good luck. And I'll meet you. Adios, y gracias, amigo. And I'll meet you, too. Is everything all right, George? As right as it can be, Angel. For a moment, sir, I must come downstairs and see you in the United States. Now, look, there's nothing to worry about for Sonny, so take it easy, will you? I don't know from nothing, and I'm really off the case. I do not believe this. What did my father tell you? I've got to come downstairs and find out. Oh, Mr. Montoya, be careful. I've got to know. Alistair! Oh, Georgie Drebs! Wait, wait, I'll help. Don't look at me! I don't want anybody to see me this way! George... Now you'll see me as I was born. There are my artificial legs. You wait. Oh, no. Now you have your answer. I am the first generation... Oh, George, I don't think I'll ever forget the fight of the Senti Montoya scuttling up those stairs. Well, why don't you try remembering that Blanche and Tommy are going to get married next week? That's a much heavier notion. You know something? Speaking as a woman, I... I think deep in her heart, Blanche was happy when you came up with that whopper about the Senti having a wife. I don't think that white lie will be held against me. Oh, I'm sure it won't. But, George, when you were inside talking to the Marques, you suspected the truth, didn't you? Oh, Brooksy, it was a weird thought. I didn't even want to admit to myself. But I kept thinking of the Senti's stiff mechanical walk. Yes. And Wendell did say that last time this happened was about 1828. The next time would be around 1900, about the time the Senti was born. Mm-hmm.  Oh, but I am here, Angela. And you want me to show you how real that is? Mm-hmm. So right. Maybe you found after a lengthy motoring trip that a warm bath and a good sleep put you right back in shape. But don't forget, your car needs a little attention, too, after a long trip. In fact, every thousand miles, your car needs the expert lube service it can get at a standard station or an independent chevron gas station. For these are the only service stations using RPM greases and oils. Each lubricant tailor-made to shield vital wear points from road dust, grit, moisture. Without proper lubrication, spring shackles and other stress points wear down unduly fast. They make quite a rattle doing it. RPM oils and greases assure longer wear and quieter softer riding. So when you're in a long trip and every thousand miles, ask for lube service where you know it's expert at an independent chevron gas station or a standard station, where they say, and mean, we'll take better care of your car. Next week, when you tune our way for another adventure of George Valentine, you'll hear... Well, here's just about everything on the case. Accept the receipt. Brooke, see, I outsmarted myself and missed the boat. But George, Jeffries wouldn't break into his own desk to steal it. That doesn't seem to be... Hey, wait, you're no angel. Maybe I didn't miss the boat after all. What do you mean?  But what about you, George? I'll be back there in a few minutes in Brooksy. I'm pretty sure we'll have a visit. Tonight's adventure of George Valentine has been brought to you by Standard of California on behalf of independent chevron gas stations and standard stations throughout the West. Let George do it stars Robert Bailey as George with Francis Robinson as player. Tonight's story was written by David Victor and Herbert Little Jr. and directed by Don Clark. Also heard in the cast were Jane Ovello as Vicente, Marine Tovelet Blanche, Pedro de Cordova as the Marquis, Ken Peters as Tommy, and Virginia Greg as Maria. The music is composed and conducted by Eddie Dunstetter, your announcer, John Easton. Listen again next week, same time, same station, to let George do it. This is the Mutual Don Lee Broadcasting System.


remained unchanged at 3.5%, which is quite unfortunate. We were speaking about it earlier on in the week saying that a lot of us, especially those of us who are managing our respective property portfolios, would have loved to see it go down, even if it was by 25 basis points. Well, we're going to have to see and monitor what the Reserve Bank is going to be saying in future weeks when it comes to this one. We do hope that anytime soon, we will be seeing that decrease in the repo rate. Well, this evening, we've got something very interesting to talk about. It's something that we actually haven't touched on. In order to, you know, a lot of our views, whether you're watching us on Facebook or YouTube, on Instagram or on Twitter, this is a topic that you're probably going to find very interesting and fascinating. We're looking at an expert guide to getting someone on and off a deed. We don't typically talk about title deeds. We've only brushed on them just slightly. So we're going to be getting a better perspective on why this document is even so important. We talk about it in passing. Sometimes people never really get to see a deed because you probably have properties that are always funded after seven to 10 years. Perhaps you can buy another property. So you really only have the bank's copy but never have your own one. So we'll also be looking at the importance of this deed, what goes into it. How do we then add people on or take somebody off, whether you've bought somebody out, or for example, in instances where it is their family home. And that is certainly something that you can look forward to. If you have any questions or comments when it comes to better understanding a deed, then do send them through. Something else that we always do here on the Private Property Podcast is of course our giveaway. Earlier this week, we celebrate 150 episodes of the Private Property Podcast and we give away that 1,000 cash prize. But because we're still in a given mood, we are giving away 500 grand cash prize every single episode for this week. So this evening, we will be announcing the lucky winner who's going to be walking away with that 500 grand in cash. And all you have to do is to of course enter the competition in the link below. If you're watching us from other social media platforms who are running this competition on our Facebook page and we want to know from you how the Private Property Podcast has impacted you and even informed some of the property decisions that you have made. Do share with us some of the things that you have learned along the journey with us for the past couple of months and who gets the chance of walking away with that 500 grand in cash. Remember, you have to be watching us live in order for you to claim that prize and you can walk away with that money. If you're not tuned in and picking up your hand once we have announced the winner, unfortunately, we'll go to the next person who hopefully will also be live and will be able to claim that prize. Well, that's it for us this evening. I think it's now time to get tucked in to our conversation. Somebody to help us better understand comings and goings when it comes to a deed. I'm joined this evening by Saquille Sbergo, who's the managing director at Sbergo Incorporated. Saquille, good evening and thank you so much for joining us. Good evening, Zama. Thank you for having me. It's only a pleasure. Saquille, before we even get to the logistics of how you get somebody on and perhaps explain to us what exactly is a deed? When you talk about a deed, what exactly are we talking about? Zama, a deed or a title deed. Remember when two people do a transaction when you buy or they say when you buy a property? There's a whole process which then follows and which unfolds. You get attorneys involved and we then register that property into a name. So the deed would be the document. That contains the property descriptions that would contain the information of the transaction when the property was sold from who he bought it for and for how much it was sold or bought for and when it was registered. So it then contains just basically all the details of the transaction and how it landed in your name. And then it's then registered at the deed's office and a number is allocated to it according to title deed number. If it's a sectional title to the sectional title and also if it was done in a certain year so you get that reference number and also the year in which it was registered. And you know, when you look at it, I remember when I bought the first couple of properties I actually didn't even request a copy from the bank. I think it was only after the fact that I requested the copy to actually just get a sense of how it looks like. And I think one of the big things with people who currently have a number of their properties perhaps bonded is so many people tend to not even see what goes into the title deed. And we don't really have a full understanding of what goes into it. It's probably after you've taken interest into it and looked into it, understand if there are restrictions, what are those restrictions that you become slightly more aware of what goes into the title deed. Perhaps just take us through very briefly about some of the key things that one would find in a title deed. I mean, you already touched on some of them as far as the information that you would find in it. But what are some of the key things that we should be looking out for? Especially, and I asked this question, especially when we explore a lot of the family houses I mean, there's so many scandals that we've had in the past couple of years where they title deed fraud and sometimes people want copies of their title deeds and they always have struggles with accessing them. And because you don't know how this document looks, somebody could give you something that they say is the title deed of a house and you as the party who not necessarily be able to properly authenticate it because you don't know about the deed's office and making sure that you verify the information there. So what are some of the key things that we should be looking out for in a title deed that would probably have us be slightly rest assured that that is an authentic document that we're looking at? All right, Zama. So what should we get then? On the first page, we get the title deed number and I think what's important is that if you want us to check if this title deed number indeed exists is that if you do perform a deed search using the software which is you get all the conveyances, you use certain software, but you can also just for the general public if you do go to the deed's office and you just give them the title deed number and they run a search and that search would give you the title deed. So this is one way of seeing if your title deed is actually a proper title deed and if the information that you treat would confirm that who owns the property and for how much it was bought for and when it was registered. So on the title deed, you will also have confirmation of the parties to the transaction, who the seller was. If it's like an RDP, then you will see who the transfer was. If it's the departments of housing, human sentiments or if John was selling to Jimmy, then it's all showing that John who was married to soon sold this property to this person. And what you'll also then get is the dates of the transaction. When the property was sold, you will get information but most importantly is the property description which you'll also pick up on the title of the full property description and when it was registered and at which office. Because in each province, we do have different offices. And I think, Saquille, to almost get into what we're looking at this evening, we're going to be exploring the guide to getting somebody on and off a title deed. Perhaps let's go through why somebody would be getting another party on and off a title deed. So if I own a particular property and the sole person on that particular title deed, what would then necessitate me adding somebody on my particular title deed of the whichever property that I would be owning at that time? Okay, so let's say you buy another property and you're unmarried or you just buying a property because you're alone. The reason why you want to add someone on the property is let's say you need to partner and although you're not yet married but you decide that look, how it's all this property together because they want to contribute. So it might be one reason that other factors when people then get married and you get married increment of property. Yes, by the operation of law that property will then also be part of the joint estate but certain people are not satisfied with just knowing that yes, we are married and therefore this property also belongs to me. Someone wants to see their name on the title deed because remember if you buy a property now and you get married three years later, your property's registered now it doesn't reflect your partner's details. And two years later you get married is this property forms part of the joint estate plans. We have not updated the details of the property. So this might also be one of the instances where you want to add someone else. So if people are married, then there would be certain applications that are section 45 of the Deans Registries Act but then if people are not married or married out of property, then your partner would then apply a half share so they'll be buying the half share. And in the same breath, the same applies when someone you bought a property together and now you want to get someone off the property because maybe there's been a breakdown in the relationship. Most things because there's a breakdown in the relationship and then you need to get this person off the tattoo. So these are the reasons and this is what gives a rise to this need of saying let me add this person or let me take this person off because the other relationship is good or relationship is bad. And you know, actually a couple of months around buying property when you are married in a community of property and one of the big things around that was as much as possible, you want to sign that anti-natural contract because more often than not, may mitigate when things do break down because the reality is relationships may break down and when there is a property in the equation it can get quite tricky to go your separate ways. And I think, especially to women, and I remember that episode, the guest that I had was also a woman and a lot of the examples you tend to find that women do tend to be shortchanged. But I think that was an interesting one to just explore other ways to safeguard the assets as a unit so that you can cushion yourselves as much as possible should something like that occur. Now, Sakile, I want you to look at what the best way to go about this. Let's first start with when we added somebody on a title deed.  What would be the best cause of action in order to ensure that their names are also added onto that title deed? Okay, so what's important is, firstly, we need to know how the people are married and the meritorious gene that applies to them. If people are married and come into a property, then we have to do an application. And that's application that they've been done in terms of your section 45. When you do the application and the property is then awarded to both spouses in equal shares, undivided equal shares. What's important to know about the section 45 application is that there's no transfer treaty payable. So it's by way of application and both parties with consents and both sign. And you know, we'll then fit and do the endorsements on the title so that it shows both parties. Also, again, if there's a change in the meritorious gene, you know, the matrimonial property system, if it's changed from inclusive property to out of community property, because remember sometimes people will get married in community property and then later on realize that, you know, this was not the best decision we made and then there's a whole court application when they're changing how they're married and then our changes, they change to out of community property. So with that also, we'll then also do this application, but the spouse who then takes the half share, remember this is a property that we both own and then we change and then I'm saying, okay, I'm gonna take this property and I'll be taking the half share, but then there's transfer treaties applicable. Similarly, when people are married out of community property and you want to buy the half share in your spouse's property, you then actually buy the half share because remember then you're married out of community property, but yours is yours and you're not sharing. So for you to have a share in your spouse's half share, in your spouse's whole share, you have to buy half of the property and we'll then go and do the endorsements. I am in conversation with Uthakila Subeva, who's a managing director at Subeva Incorporated and we're looking at an expert guide to getting someone on and off a title deed. Matters of a title deed can be quite tricky and I think sometimes can even be caused for quite a lot of conflict, especially when we're looking at family homes, that can be very highly contested. If you've ever had an issue with a title deed, you do share that experience with us and how you're able to best resolve it. Oftentimes, I only say this one, when it comes to legal matters, it is one of those things that you cannot kind of beat about the bush or think you can DIY it yourself. You do need to be an expert in order to make sure that everything is done as it should be. We're gonna go for a quick break and when we come back, we'll be looking at some of the mistakes people make when it comes to whether adding or taking somebody off a title deed because we have seen some of those things which can cause quite a lot of time delay and sometimes end up costing people quite a significant amount of money because of the mistakes that they made. We'll be exploring those and of course we'll be looking at your questions and comments and later on you can also look forward to us announcing that winner of the 500 grand cash prize in the winnings competition. We'll be back just after this. 53 of the Private Property Podcasts, I'm your host, Uza Mantungwa-Komalo. It's the first edition of the Private Property Podcast and this evening I'm joined by Uza Kiles-Bergels, Managing Director of Stable Incorporated. We're talking about something that a lot of us probably have a lot of question marks about. I've recently gotten very interested in part of deeds and understanding quite a lot of legalities around them and it's probably because of my own interest in the law course I was doing that I increasingly wanted to find out more about this one. But I'll take your questions and comments when it comes to this particular and I already see them coming through from our Facebook page. And one of the things that I wanted us to explore, Saquille, before we go to the questions and comments is what are some of the mistakes that you find people typically make when it comes to dealing with the title deed that you've essentially found? I think sometimes we often don't know what we don't know and we certainly also see people wanting to cut corners when it comes to dealing with things that have to do with houses. But this is one of those difficulties that you can't just try and cut a corner. So what have been some of the mistakes that you've sometimes seen people making when it comes to handling the issue of the title deed? Yeah. Well, one which comes into mind is because you've mentioned that would be the issue of family homes and mostly I think what you'll find is that a person passes on and remember what that person does, a person has lived in a state. So with that a state, maybe there was a property in that state and we obviously have to start with the administration of the deceased state. One thing that you see often happen is that the family would nominate someone to act as a representative of the state or as an executor. And oftentimes we then find that the executor would think just that virtually being executor or representative, they are entitled to the property and you see instances where that person then runs ahead and registers the property in their name. It's also one thing that has affected many people where they have to now go and undo these things and what do they do with the property and who do you register the property and whose names do you register the property to? I think that would be one of the issues and one of the common mistakes. We are of course taking your questions and comments here on the private property podcast. We're talking matters relating to title deeds. If you've ever found yourself in a very difficult position when it comes to that one, do you send us through? I see we've got a question here coming from Glech Shirenda on Facebook asking what happens in the process of lodgment and preparation and registration. So this is in the deeds office. What exactly is happening in that process of a property transaction? The lodgment, preparation and registration. Okay, so what only happens is that one of the conveyances have done everything that's supposed to do in preparing the documents and preparing the title because remember what happens before you get to lodgment, the parties will need to sell, one would sell, one would buy, they'll need a bond which is in place or if it's a cash deal then it's a cash deal. But when all the documents have been prepared and namely the draft or the document which would then be the title deed when it's the new title deed, when it has been prepared, when we've received the rate-carrying certificates, when you've received the transfer duty receipts for exemption, when all of those documents have been prepared, they are then shipped both to the deeds office for registration. Because remember, as the conveyance's offices, what happens is the preparation of the documents and then they're not registered as the conveyance's offices. They then go to the deeds office. When they get to the deeds office, when you submit, this is what is called the lodgment. So when the documents are submitted at the deeds office, they are then lodged. And when they are then lodged, they then go through examinants who are the people at the deeds office that go through the documents. You'll find in a batch if there's a bond to be registered. It will be a batch. Typically, you find a batch of three which will be the transfer documents. You'll find the bond registration documents and most of the time there's a bond that needs to be canceled. So you can also find bond cancellation documents and all of those documents go together in one batch. They then go through this process of being scrutinized to check compliance and if certain things have been done if the certificate is vetted and basically it's just to check compliance. And that is done by the registers that the examiners at the deeds office. Once it goes through all of the stages, the certain stages, stage one, two, three levels. So once it gets to the last level, it then goes out to PREP. When it goes to PREP, it means that it has passed all of the stages and then it needs to be put forward for registration. So meaning the examiners have examined and they're happy and this thing batch can then proceed to be registered. And this is what we call PREP. We say documents on PREP, it means that passed and now the next step is that you then go to the deeds office again, take the documents and take them to another section for registration and then submit these offers. And then this is when you submit for registration and then those documents are then registered and the title deed number is fixed and the transaction has been registered. But then what's important to know is that when they go into execution, which is the last stage, they get executed, but it does not mean that when the attorneys will call to say your property has been registered today that your title deed will come back today. There was still a data capturing process that happens at the deeds office where the documents have been scanned and numbered and then this is only then that they'll come back. Simply, it takes about a week or two often to be registered to come back out. We've got another question here from one of our regular viewers on our Facebook page. This one is coming from a friend of mine who asks, is it worth adding someone if you bought the property before you were married and does that not come with costs? Is the property not automatically split in half in the event of a divorce anyway? I think it's something that touched on earlier when I said that by the operation of the law, if you are married, if you marry someone in the community of property, by operation of the law, this property will then form part of the joint estate. Excuse me. And then the solution of the marriage other by death or divorce, it's all details in terms of the law. However, you still do get people who would not always be comfortable with just knowing that by operation of the law, on part of this property, you do get people that will still want to say, I wanna see my name on the actual title deed. And this is why you then have all the endorsements. Now, Sekile, before we wrap our conversation this evening, what tips would you share with viewers at home when it comes to handling their title deed matters, whether somebody's being added on or somebody's being taken off? What is something that they should always bear in mind when they're about to embark on that particular matter? I think something to always remember is that there are costs to these things. Whether you're adding or taking a person off, always consider the costs involved. It's not a simple process and you do need to get an attorney involved.  If there's a bond also on the property, you need to consider all of those factors and factor it in, you know, if you need to remove this person, this person is a code data. Obviously, you need to take over the bond. You need to look at your affordability. But also what's important is that way you see that I just went out of this property and this person is not giving me, you know, any joy in buying me out or me buying me out. You can always approach the court to get a court. So I seem to have lost Sekile there on my side. I'm not sure whether it is my connection or his. I'm just going to give it a moment there. Ask my colleague whether the connection is on my side. I know that I'm in the middle of nowhere. So it's very possible that the error might be on our side. And I think one of the big things that Sekile was echoing there is that it's so important to work with a professional because this is something that's going to incur cost that is illegal matter. So it isn't something that you should be taking lightly at all. So it becomes very important that you're always mindful of something like that because you could very easily, you know, end up doing something that's going to probably not go the way that you would like it to be. So it really is important that you work with the right team. And this is something that we emphasize quite a lot here on the private property podcast. The importance of making sure that you work with the, you know, with the right professional team, whether it's the attorney, whether it's a bond originator, whether it's a banker. So it's always so important to ensure that you work with the right team. And people who have the expertise to carry out whatever it is that you need done. Now the team has let me know that the connection era was on his side. I'm glad that the, you know, the connection gods as it were made it to the tail end of our conversation. And we're able to get through the really important aspects of what we need to bear in mind when you're talking about things that are relating to that title deed. Well, that's going to be it for our conversation this evening with the Sekile. Subego's the managing director of Subego Incorporated. We'll certainly invite him back again to, you know, look at legal matters and probably get into the intricacies of the title deed. Some of the, you know, one of the questions that I like asking guests when we get to title deed is, you know, restrictions on a title deed that inform what we can or cannot do with the particular property and how we can remedy doing some of the things that, you know, are not inclusive in that title deed. So what are the steps you need to follow in order to have those amended? Well, it is that time before we wrap up and, you know, end our conversation this evening where we give away that 500 giant cash prize. Now, as usual, I'm going to start off by reading the response that we got to remember. What we ask from you is to let us know how watching the private property podcast has impacted your life and what you have learned from watching these and just by virtue of answering that question and making sure that you tuned in live while we are now so when you send a chance of walking away with that 500 giant in cash. And this one goes, the UDZ Techs Incentive was totally a new thing to me, hearing Lady Barbara explaining for so much light, then these investments in different asset classes that topped everything. Before that episode, my mind was really not open to the option of investing in property at all, learning about passive and active investment, investing, investment working for me while I'm sleeping. Now that makes it even more interesting. Thank you, private property hashtag, low spatial rules and hashtag live podcast. And that great comment came from all my like Jozin on our Facebook page. So that is all my like Jozin. We're going to give him a minute or two to get to us and let us know that he is in fact, watching and claim that 500 giant in cash. Remember, that is how you make sure that you're able to walk away rather with that 500 giant cash prize that you have to be watching and make sure that you raise that hand while we are still live on air. So my like Jozin, if you're watching, then do make sure that you let us see you and I'm going to wait for the team to just let me know whether or not Omanzla is in fact live and watching us. And as we're waiting for Omanzla, remember you can also walk away with that 500 grand cash prize. All you have to do is enter the competition. We have shared the link on our Facebook page. So to all our viewers who are watching us on other social media platforms, we're running this particular competition on our Facebook page. So you'd have to go all the way there to enter that particular competition. And as you can see, you have to be watching us live in order to be able to claim the prize. So that's one of the very big terms and conditions when it comes to that particular competition. I'm going to give Omanzla the last few seconds to just let himself be known so that we're able to see whether he is in fact here and watching and in the event which is not I've already been sent a potential second runner-up as it were and hoping that they perhaps are in fact watching. So I'm going to wait for my colleague to just let me know whether Omanzla has let himself be known. I don't want to move too quickly. I'm also mindful that the connection in the boondos that I'm in is not that great. So it could very well be that they've communicated this to me, but we're still waiting. Now, before I'm going to give Omanzla the last 10 seconds of the team, the last 10 seconds to let me know if it's watching or not. And I see that having received anything from our team at home. So unfortunately, the team rather has not let me know that Omanzla is in fact watching. So unfortunately, Omanzla does forfeit that 500 grand cash and we're going to have to go to the next person. And that next person, and before we go there, I see one of my colleagues saying Omanzla and I think they're typing. And so they're saying that he's logged back in. I'm going to give it a few seconds. They are typing quite frantically. Well, the other colleague has actually let me know that Omanzla is not in fact available for us. So we're going to have to move to the next winner and the next potential winner. This one is, I'm going to say their name first in the event where they're on the Let Us Know. And this is Ukulufelo Hope Balo'i. That's Ukulufelo Hope Balo'i. And they wrote, I learned that you have to confirm your affordability and that before you consider investing in property, you have to get educated about the different strategies of property investment. Hashtag Private Property and Live Podcast. And that is Ukulufelo Hope Balo'i. Ukulufelo, if you are watching us live, then do Let Us Know and we will make sure that you might be the winner. But Ukulufelo, we are waiting for you to raise your hand. We're going to give Ukulufelo another minute to Let Us Know if they are on or not. And then we will see if they are on. And I think one of the big things that we are certainly realizing, and we like changing things up, when we look at competitions, we want to make sure that you don't just, when you haven't been watching us, have to be available to claim your prize and in the event where you are in fact watching us, then you get to walk away with that prize. And I think we might actually do this with all competitions going forward. And it can be very admin intensive. But by the third time, we still don't get it. Maybe we'll make it roll over or we'll choose to win this tomorrow.  So we are waiting for that, the latest potential winner of that 500 grand cash prize. That is Ukulufelo Hope Balui. We are waiting to hear from you if you are live. I'm also waiting for the team to let me know if Ukulufelo is in fact live with us. And as we wait for Ukulufelo, I do want to urge you to engage with us on our social media platforms. It's so important that we keep the conversation going whether it's on our Twitter platform right here on Facebook. And a lot of you always continue the conversation even below the episodes and the various comments which is so important because it really is a way for us to be able to learn from each other as we unpack everything relating to property. I see Ukulufelo is also not watching. So they also get to forfeit. The last person who can potentially win, I'll also say their name first in Greek, they've written quite a bit. And I really love what they have written here. And in the event where they're not live, we're in the event where they're not watching us live, then we're going to have to roll this one over to tomorrow and potentially do two giveaways tomorrow. Because we did promise that we're going to be doing them for the whole week. So we're not going to miss a beat. So tomorrow probably give away two. So remember the big thing, if you're going to enter the competition, you need to be watching live because your name could be called. Now the next person is Ulitaba More. Ulitaba More or more. I'm sorry if I'm pronouncing your surname incorrectly. And Ulitaba wrote, I must say I've learned a lot from the live podcast, especially the previous one, talking about the responsibilities of both the tenant and the property owner. As a tenant, I've realized that some owners have advantage of their tenants and we as tenants lack knowledge about our rights. Sometimes I would repair things which were supposed to be fixed by the owner, like plumbing and electrical problems due to that specific podcast I have learned a lot and actually approached the owner to discuss the situation and due to that my rent has been slashed till the money I've paid for those services is back in my pocket. Thanks to private property, hashtag the private property and the live podcast. I love that. And that's exactly the type of intention that we have for this podcast that whether you're a tenant, whether you're a landlord, you're able to be empowered to speak to your tenants or speak to your landlord on issues that you learn here on the podcast. And I think it's also quite great that this I was actually able to even save essentially money and that rental has been slashed. I think when we look at the tough financial times that we're finding ourselves in right now, we want to make sure that you save every round that you have. So we're gonna wait for a little bit, see if Lisaba is going to respond. We don't hear from Lisaba in the next minute. We are going to roll this over to tomorrow. Remember the only way you can walk away with this cash prize is that you have to be watching. You need to be watching in order to be able to claim it. And you really have about a two, maybe at both the three minute window period to be able to claim it, failing which we then move on to the next person. So it's very important that you are watching us live and are able to engage with us. So you walk away with that cash prize. And that is Uli Taiba Mora who's really shared such an incredible testimonial to how watching the live podcast and even one of the most recent ones that we had last week and how that essentially helped them get a reduction in their rental as they've been covering for issues that the landlord has had to cover for. Now I've heard from my colleague, they've said that Lisaba unfortunately is also not on. I don't know what it is. Maybe it's Thursday, maybe it's because I'm not introvert. I'm not where I usually do the podcast. So is this what happens when I decide to leave town and do the podcast from another part of the country? Well, we're going to have to leave it there for now. And as promised, we are going to do two giveaways tomorrow. So the very big thing is gonna be giving away two 500 grand cash prizes tomorrow because we did promise that we'll be doing them throughout the week. You want to make sure that you watch, especially if you know that you've entered the competition, make sure that you watch the live podcast because you could walk away with that 500 grand in cash. Well, folks, that's it for me. Zaman Dunwar here on the private property podcast. It has been a pleasure. And of course, even chatting to my guest earlier this evening was Akhila Subego, the managing director of Subego Incorporated on all things relating to title deeds and better understanding how to navigate it if you have to add somebody and take somebody off that title deed. I do promise that we will invite him back on the show. It was really great having him. And I think that having a better understanding on legal matters when it comes to property is so important. While we're gonna leave it there this evening on the private property podcast from us and the team, we're going to be back on your screens tomorrow evening at 7 p.m. As usual, I'm hoping you're staying home and staying safe. Besides the beautiful beaches, sunny skies and how central everything is, what I already love about Amsrunga is becoming immersed in the culture. You will find people connecting in the most authentic spaces. It's just got this mild to it. It's hard to think that only a few years ago, these business parks and homes were mostly sugarcane. The rate that this area has been developed at is truly mind-blowing, especially with the fast pace of life these days. We're really proud of ourselves in being that bright spot in a person's day. You'll see everything from advocates and CEOs to creatives and students who pop into our spot for that short moment to escape. There's just so much life and energy in this area. And after a hectic week, there's nothing better than stopping in at my Edgecombe Country Club for a relaxed round of golf. The beauty and serenity that their state office really inspires me. There's honestly no place I'd rather live. That's my Amsrunga.