Tim every trading day at odd or D dash oracle or CLE dot com. That's odd dash oracle Dot com Tim award. What's going on brother? Well, it's uh Everything's kind of looking up here the S&P's a rally in the gold stocks a rally in Uh, sent you over a chart. I have it. It looks like everyone went to Sherman Williams and got that green paint, Tim Yeah, it's actually a pretty simple chart. This is like non confusing it what the hard part is is finding what works on this index And anyhow, just to give you a quick description. The bottom window is the 18 day average Of the uh advanced decline for Uh gdx next window up to the up-down volume Uh for gdx okay an 18 day average And in a nutshell when those two indicators are above minus 10 markets in an uptrend and when they're below minus 10 Uh, then they're in the downtrend now we go back Well beginning of last year back to december last year and and basically just shows the the buys and sell signals it's more of a You know the two three months four months Type indicator, so it doesn't really You know look at the bigger picture, but does look at the near term picture So and we're up in the plus 20s on both indicators So we're in a buy signal And how high is high? I think we'll least break above the previous highs for 36 I got some other indicators. I think we could get up around that 44 range, but uh Time will tell but on a short term basis here Uh, you know if there is a pullback you should buy it along those two indicators remain above minus 10 Yeah, and you know tim there's uh a lot of these Equities today, you know in the mining business. They're taking out their swing points with volume They're all a lot of them are going to be abc structures up which is pretty wild It looks to me like the x au and the hui. I won't get those numbers until tonight, but If looking at some of the other equities inside of the x au and the hui It looks like they got the volume. They're taking out these b points. So It's pretty wild man. I mean and and the dollar just can't get any traction, you know, we got that dollar still under a buck It's trading out here at this, uh, you know in the 99 area and You know if this thing falls apart it can get really interesting because as you said Everything is green out here today, you know the bank started the the earnings out here this morning But that s and p is up 36 points, man and Yeah, yeah, and actually I only think you won chart, but uh, if you look on the monthly chart Uh, and you do a bow and your band on it do on the sp y's You know beginning of the year Yeah, uh, I told my people that we're probably going to see four seventy sometime this year And um, I think it's going to be sooner the rather than later because we're not you know, we're in now Of what 450? Yeah, you're only a field for 54 man. Yeah Yeah, we're not very far, but if you do that bow and your band thing on the monthly sp y's That bow and your band happens to be at that January of the 2022 high Okay, so That's going to be some resistance there. So I don't know to me. I think we'll get there We're chugging along and and uh, I think if we're going to hit it You're probably going to hit it this week because you know, you got the f1c You got interest rates Yeah, uh, discussion next week and there's some bunch of stuff going on. So Yeah, you know, I just I just put up that chart of the spy with the bow and your band too And you know, I remember when you know when we were always on before too when I said john bolger on a lot That it's riding. Let's see. I think get that on the daily, but it's riding the top of that line. Yeah, I can see that Yeah, yeah, that's where you want it to stay. You don't want to actually go too far above it Yeah, because if you do that usually sells the market, okay, you want to be pretty much right on it Which it is and also you got the vix way below 17 to you get the vix, you know, 13 and a half range So you got a lot of stuff that says You know trending market here. So and this is off to expiration weeks. A lot of times has a bullish bias So I don't I don't think this You know, let's get too zuberant here before the week's out. I think we're just kind of keep going higher here You know, you start going up one or two percent a day is going to or Two or three percent a day is going to kill the rally But if you know, we go up a less than one percent a day half percent or so Um, you know a lot of times that's just not to keep the thing going. So yeah, well What was intriguing this morning is that you know, yeah, what you had is the bank started it off but then Microsoft came out with a Announcement that they're going to charge 30 dollars, but they're going to you know, like when you buy their package Which is, you know, the word and the excel and all that they're going to add AI to it and microsoft tim went up 18 dollars 18 dollars over its eyes It put 150 billion dollars into maca cap. So now it's a 2.7 trillion dollar maca cap. Is that sick or what? Well, yeah Back in the day, we could have bought that for nothing max back and back in night I don't know night 1985 or 86 or something I think as proxmo at that time was I could have bought that stuff for 75 cents. Oh, I listed. I know I I remember reading in 1980 because I bought IBM computers 286 computers And they had Microsoft DOS in it and I remember reading at the time saying, oh, I wonder how this works Yeah, I should have read a little bit more. I guess, you know So, yeah, it's it's a revolution. I don't know what the next, you know, you had the industrial revolution Then you had a computer revolution, you know per se and you know, whatever the next Resolution or the Reservation will be I don't know Triggy gets him that that I mean just as I mean, it's real possible here that we're going to have the metals going and the market going right top side Now, I think the metals is going to keep going and and the uh, I think You know probably the next week or two or a couple of weeks. I think they have some fees I don't think they'll they're going to crash and burn nothing like that But I think the the stuff I'm kind of looking at Which is actually that Bollinger band on the monthly chart. Yeah, it's going to find resistance at 470 I got it. Okay. We'll probably hang out at trading range of some sort But I do think at the end of the year, you know, probably I don't know september october We'll start another rally though.  That's when things can get ugly Yeah So I don't think that's going to happen this year or anything Yeah, no, I can see that I'm bullish, but I do think I think we are going to run into To trouble, you know later this month or possibly first of august And uh, it could be choppy for a while, you know, we've been Yeah, doing a decent trend here and if it continues for another couple of weeks, you know Well, we'll keep looking at that ratio you have between the spy and the vixx. I mean, that's what that's that ratio Is coming, you know in spades as you know, you mean you Not only pick the s&p you pick that gold, which is really cool, man Well, listen, I think the gold is going to be the big run of the of the next Probably three months comparing the two. I think the gold issues will outperform the uh s&p's Cool. Well, listen, man, you have a great one safe one and I look forward to speaking on thursday, tim All right. Thank you. Thank you. Stay right there folks. We'll come right back. We have the dial Industrial is up 361 nazics up 127 s&p's are up 35. We'll come right back


This talk is about escaping from auto manual testing, but so can I just see a show of hands? Who's ever written a test? Good Has anybody here written a test and then discovered a bug after they wrote the test? And you all feel that this is kind of unfair Yeah, me too. So this is about a library that I work on which is aiming to make your tests more powerful Discover more bugs with less work from you the programmer So let's get started The idea is called property-based testing and you'll understand why in a minute I'm gonna walk you through an example of a property-based test from coming up with the property that we want to test right through to getting a correct implementation So we start with a simple example I'm not claiming that this is an example of a thing that you actually should test But it's a good example to teach you what this testing style looks like So we start with pretty standard unit testing. We have two tests one that checks So the property we're testing is that the sum of a list of numbers is Greater than the maximum of the list of numbers, right? You add up your numbers You expect to be a number than you have in the list And our initial tests we go we add up a list of small numbers and we check that that's true And we add up a list of big numbers and we check that it's true, but we can do better So the simple way is a parameterized we go here's all the inputs we want to test and for each of those We've run the test and if it fails Pi test or our other test runner of choice will helpfully tell us which of our examples were no good We can do better again with hypothesis We can say instead of checking these specific lists of integers Please generate any possible list of integers and in practice this will try a few hundred examples So if we run this test we learn something and specifically we learn that you can't take the maximum of an empty list Instead you get a value error Okay, we didn't actually want to check that So instead we tell hypothesis look we want lists of integers, but lists have to have at least one element in them And when we run that we discover that of course the maximum of a list of one element is the same as the sum So we go greater than or equal to And if we run this one We discover that if we have negative numbers in our list then the sum might still be less than the maximum So we tell it that we want integers at least zero in a list with at least one element and now the test passes So this style of testing can be applied to a very wide range of things I'll walk you through some of how you can generate data how hypothesis works and what to do with it For the rest of this talk, but the basic principle is that humans are not so good at thinking up Thousands of slightly different tests. That's the kind of work that we should leave to computers and because we're programmers We have a program to do that So hypothesis gives you a huge number of ways that you can describe your inputs. We've seen lists of integers But there are a number of other Strategies we call them to generate values or collections of values Most of them, yeah, we have none booleans floats integers date times times All the kind of standard library types that you might use Where it makes sense they all have minimum value and maximum value arguments So if you have a more constrained test case, you can support that quite easily and collections always have min size max size Where it makes sense for a particular kind of thing there will be additional keyword arguments So if you're generating floating point numbers as well as capping the values You can also specify that you don't want infinity and you really really don't want not a number Nobody wants not a number Strategies, of course may not immediately give you what you want. So they also have map and filter methods So if you want even numbers, you just take any integer then you multiply it by two For filter you get more or less the same thing you take your strategy and you give a function And you only count values from that strategy if the filter returns true So I've got demonstrations here if we take an integer strategy You map the string type over it till you get strings composed of digits You can map a multiplication by two to get even numbers you can filter by Modulo to to get odd numbers This is actually relatively inefficient because hypothesis will have to keep trying to generate numbers And if whenever it generates an even number The map or the filter will tell it no try again It's smart. So it does learn from that eventually, but it's more efficient to multiply by two and add one And finally you can do fancy stuff like you want a list with at least two elements With at least two unique elements even though you allow repeated elements There are various fancier things I'm not going to go into these at great length if you want to know more I invite you to come to the open space later You can have a deferred strategy and deferred in this case means that the strategy can refer to itself in a recursive kind of way So in this case, we're giving it either integers or lists of integers or Lists of mixed lists of integers and integers and so on forever This one's particularly cute because you can define any value that's valid JSON in about two lines of Python You can also draw data within your test which becomes really powerful if you have a multi-step logic chain You can for example do something get your corresponding value and then sample from parts of that for example And the composite decorator lets you define your own strategies in a completely from scratch custom way The final thing which I find really useful when I'm working out what values to test is that often The kinds of values which your code accepts can be inferred from the code itself If you've ever had a database schema That tells you what valid things are for that database code if you have a Django model same thing If you have a regular expression, we can infer what strings match that regular expression If you have numpy or pandas data types or classes defined with atras or a number of other things even functions with type hints on them Hypothesis can inspect this and work out what ought to be valid in every case You can also override that with explicit arguments, but if we can work it out, it'll do it automatically for you So I'll talk briefly about cool stuff if you want to run this in prod test testing stuff at scale There are config options. Of course, there are config options You can configure the verbosity whether you have debug info you can turn it into deterministic mode We generally recommend leaving hypothesis to random exploration because it caches any bugs it finds So if you run these random tests and you run them again, and it found a bug the first time it will never lose that bug The internals are complicated somewhat by this determination Not to lose bugs not to be flaky, but we think it's worth it There are more you can define these in code. You can load them in profiles. You can get them from environment variables and so on It's all in the documentation Performance performance is a constant issue for these kinds of tests And I'll say hypothesis is fast. There's a statistics option You can check how long it took to run your tests to generate data for your tests compare those signal hotspots And typically somewhere between zero and twenty percent of the time when we spent generating data to feed into the test However hypothesis will run your test at least a hundred times if your test is slow running it a hundred times will not be faster If your test is fast running it under branch coverage, which hypothesis does so it can tell when it's exploring new parts of the space Can also be slow if it's pathologically slow you can disable the coverage tracking But it adds enough power that we recommend leaving it on in almost all cases and The final thing I'm going to talk about about hypothesis itself is how it shrinks values because you might remember at the start if we Go back a bit each time it gives us an error. It tells us the minimal falsifying example So here the list is just of the single element zero even though this would also be true for a list with any number of zeros in it Further on the minimal list with a negative number is zero and minus one This is kind of complicated how it works But I'm going to walk you through the fundamental idea of it because this really helps in defining your own data to make sure you get good behavior It's essentially a three-layer thing you have the strategy function itself or the strategy object Which you've composed out of all the parts hypothesis provides This basically translates up and down from a stream of bytes When you're generating data initially these strings of bytes are just random or pseudo random guided by coverage for the sort of thing Here represented as just a stream of bits Because bits are easier to read on a slide than but And then those are translated by the strategy into the actual values that we want So in this case we're asking for lists of at least three bullion values We have this infinite byte stream and we have our output Let's see what the minimal example hypothesis finds is with the constraint that some value has to be true That is the predicate is the any function The first thing that hypothesis does is just observes that well the stream is not infinite Right because the minimal value must have fewer bytes of entry to be to draw from So we can just chop it off and if we ever try to generate something that needs more We just throw it away as a bad example The next thing we do is we try to just set a byte to zero or a smaller number But for bits you've got one or zero so it's just set to zero and we do this and the predicate still passes So we keep going we try setting the next bit to zero and the way this works Right is that for ones that we know we have to have We just treat each of those bits or bytes or collections of butts in the real shrinker as values directly But once we get to things beyond the constraint first We draw a bit to say do we want another value or not and then we draw the bit for the value So if we drop that to zero our list is now of length three And hypothesis goes I wonder if I can chop off those last bits and it can so now we only have three bits of entropy and The problem here is it tries to flip that last one to zero and now the predicate fails In a real test it runs the test with this new input and the test no longer fails with the same error So instead it tries to perturb that byte string bit It just adds one to it and tries to shrink again And in this case it can shrink further once it's done that and this is The minimal list the smallest possible list according to the heuristic we use which still passes the predicate any I have time now for some questions if anybody has questions about what you do with this or what it's good for Two kind of related questions. First of all, do you have examples of say like user inputs that that you can use or Like sequel injection strings that you could you could pass to your to your I don't know your view and say Trial these things that are known to like break lots of views and secondly In your examples, you're basically looking for an exception, but what happens when you want to check what the Like you obviously don't know what the answer should be because the inputs random Do you write certain tests where you're like as long as it isn't thrown exception I don't really care what what the answer is for my function or how in the real world do you do you Let's say we have a function which Tries to find the first day in a month and you give it lots of different dates and it finds where the first day is You don't know what the what the first what the answer should be depending on what the date is How do you deal with that or just no exception? so the first thing first we have heuristics for things like Floating point numbers or unicode strings which will throw Nasty a inputs at you more frequently than they would generally come up But if you wanted to do something like testing injection strings specifically I would do that with something like the sampling strategy where you hand it a sequence of inputs And it will just give you one of those inputs. You could say test any string or a string sampled from this list of known problems For the second part the bit of my talk which will go to your next is on how you find properties to test Which may expose bugs even when you don't know the exact answer? Test that fails hypothesis somehow is able to remember this or record this Yeah, and I wonder how that's exposed how that's implemented and how's I exposed because one of the ways One of the reasons I write a test is oh I've hit a corner case that I don't know I will write a test to actually document the fact that I've had to handle this corner case because It wasn't obvious It's yeah, so how how how does hypothesis expose these corner cases that have failed to the programmer are they documented anywhere Yeah, so there are two parts the first is the way we case it is by storing that underlying byte string So we just have a file structure that we dump in a directory which is in the standard path and get ignore on GitHub now And if you rerun a test which has previously failed It will first run all those failing examples to check whether or they've been fixed if you want to document a particular Edgecase or bug that you know is failing Sometimes we would just say why don't write a standard unit test for that hypothesis is great But I'm not saying it's the only thing you should use We also have an at example decorator So you say at given lists of integers you can say at example some specific list of integers And it will always try that one before it starts the random generation in the example you gave We're dealing with inputs of the form of strings or integers and so on what if the things that? You might be testing our relationships with a Of a Django model in a database for example that are not that kind. They're a different kind of thing altogether. How would you? Find out whether certain relationships are likely to produce anomalous Results from your code Partly if you can write and assert for it in Python code which can be reached by feeding it pseudo random inputs Hypothesis stands a decent chance of finding that For specifically more complex data types There are a number of strategies to help with that for example the build strategy you pass it a callable and a strategy for each Of the positional or keyword arguments to that callable and it will draw from those arguments pass it to your callable and give you that object For Django specifically we have a Django plug-in which will generate your database model save it to the database appropriately and so on any others I'll take one more and then move on to some tactics for using just a quick one. How would you recommend to? do the test for multiple inputs provided by hypothesis without Reimplementing the the exact thing you're trying to test in the in the test itself for example For example, if you're testing something that converts a dict to to Jason In the implementation you would call Jason, but you don't want to do that in the test You just want to compare with the actual string. Yeah, so how would you recommend something like that? Perfect question to move on to the next part So the second half of my talk is on how you find or choose properties that might reveal bugs in your code when you test them So the classical one which is fantastic if you have it is called a test oracle an Implementation that you know gives you the right answer So it's pretty simple you test your version and you test in their version with the same inputs and then you compare them If it's the same your version is correct defined as the same as the other version Great for rewrites or refactorings new hotness equals legacy Great for fancy algorithms if you have some linear time sorting algorithm Congratulations, and you can compare it to a brute force sort to check that it really is sorting If you have a multi-threaded thing you can test it against a single-threaded version of that If you have a test oracle Use it if you don't have a test oracle there are still things you can do one of them is function inverses For example serialize your data deserialize your data You should get the same data back if you don't you know that you've got a bug somewhere Add and subtract does a similar thing If these don't have to be strict inverses in the mathematical sense You can also for example set some attribute of your object then get the corresponding attribute and expect to get the thing that you set Append something find the index of it in the list There's another class of problems where solving them is hard, but checking a solution is easy Solving a maze finding the prime factors of something tokenizing an input language It's relatively easy to reverse from your input and check that you got something back or at least something reasonable Last one There's a lot of invariance in your code where you can say doing this operation shouldn't affect anything So you do the operation and see if it did sorting a list twice Should give you the list that you got for the first time sorting it When you sort a list you should also have the same number of each element as when you sorted That's half the definition of sorting the other half being that the elements are now ordered and the final one is that there are item potion to another potion operations where If you keep repeating them or if you do them, you know that you have invariance of your system that you can check each time On that note, I'm gonna stop giving examples and go back to some more specific questions for people So if you have this cache of of No, no bad inputs that might cause problems and you have say You have a bunch of bunch of developers, you know Do you have them at each for their own cash or you and see this own cash as well or do you can you share this somehow? So the cash is designed so that it does work correctly if you just check it into you get repository That said We find it doesn't usually help that much So we recommend persisting the cash between CR runs persisting it you know on each local development machine But not bothering to share it between them Whether you do or not will depend largely on what your team is working on But for the general case we wouldn't bother doing that How would you get started adding? hypothesis into a system that had always been designed around Many slower artisanal handcrafted tests Where to crack the nut? It really depends on what your tests are checking But one that I've had great success with is just to find a Function you know in a core somewhere that you know is called a lot Work out what you think of valid inputs and just call the function Don't assert anything about it Just see if you can call it with inputs that might come up and see if that can ever trigger an exception Once you've done that for a few Date you till has I think two tests with hypothesis both of which are testing the various formats roundtrip successfully that Dumping something to an ISO format at the string and reading it back from that give you the same datetime value Look for roundtrips look for test oracles There's a number of things I'll post my slides on the slack channel in a few minutes And there are links down the bottom of each slide to some more resources to follow up on or come to the open space And ask me more detail When exactly are you doing the open space in the talk? Slot after afternoon tea. I'll be upstairs or just come find me anyway Another questions if that's it for questions. I guess the final pitch. It's under the MPL So it's open source. You can use it for anything. We love new contributors and will actually help you write patches And if you're some corporate organization with more money than time, we also offer training or sponsored feature development If there's something it doesn't do So thank you very much


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Hello, my testing one, two, three. Hello. Hello. How was they? I was, I was, I forgotten. I was already a block up block. You were a what? I was it a block call? I've completely forgotten the header monologue. It's not a surprise. What was that three years ago? It was a long time. Hey, we'll go back to our studio director Corbin. You can follow us on Instagram, Twitter for more juicy content. Thank you for watching Patreon. Follow us Twitter account, subscribe and the like button. Speaking of header, did you see my story? Yeah, that's right. Did you see my story I did where it was pick your six films that really if you want to know who I am, these six films. Yes. And I did two rounds of it because I couldn't just pick six. Yeah. But I got few messages from people who were taking exception to the fact that I had put Hamlet in there, but I didn't put header. Because I put Gully Boy and PK, but I didn't put header. I did contemplate it. But my my rationale, you don't have header without Hamlet. So not that specific Hamlet. That's true. That's true. But I mean, truly, this was about I mean, and I have a lot of I didn't understand the question. It was basically, I didn't even know if it was your favorites. No, like that to get you know your style, or is it to get you know your personality? I took it to mean getting to know me personally. Like if you want to know my DNA, if you want to know how I think, if you want to know the films that have made me who I am, versus not just your favorites, films that have impacted me and shaped who I am as a person. That's how Andrani and I took it. So what would you choose? Hankerman, Barney, or Alvin and Chipmunks, the squeakle.  We just did that. We just did a second intro. It was way too long. Yeah. Today we're doing a series review. I don't know what that was. And it's we it's the new Netflix mini series, I guess you would call it the Railway Men. That just came out this year. Starring Madhavan, K.K. Menon. Jewichella. I don't know if it's starring her, but well produced by her. I would say it was starring Madhavan either. Say his. Oh yeah, Divyandu Sharma, y'all would know him as Babel Khan. Yeah, obviously it's starring the your main stars K.K. Menon, but all those others are supporting in this. And it's obviously about the 1984 gas leaks in Bopal, right? Bopal? Nice, yeah, Bopal, which most of the time I think we even said it was Bopal, but yeah, no, my wife correct me. I believe Bopal, outside of some references and maybe Family Man, because I think they were referencing this in Family Man. Is that what is that what they were referencing? I don't think it was something like it. Yeah, yeah, yeah, got it. It's something like the gas leak in Family Man. I think it's the first time we have really learned about it. Though I think people call it the worst industrial tragedy of all time. Yeah, like, which surprised me because if someone had asked me that before I heard about this, I would have said Chernobyl, which is understandable. Yes. But this is the worst, actually. Anyways, it just came out on Netflix, but since it's a series, I say just go watch it and come back. We're going to do 100% spoiler review this way. 100% spoilers for the rest of the episode. It's only four of them and you've seen it, yeah. So you can go and also... It's a quick watch. You don't really need to... The spoilers are if you know about the story. I mean, there's other spoilers that are in the story that aren't related at all to the event, but I mean, yeah. Overall, just watch the series. It's four only four episodes. Very quick watch. And then come back if you don't want to be spoiled. Yeah. Rick, your initial thoughts of Railway Men. I want to start off with the pros and then the cons. The pros for me were, first and foremost, the most standout thing for me are two things. One is production design. I thought production design was exemplary. I feel like everybody did their homework and really went the extra mile to try to be as accurate with everything and also to create a tone to the feel of it that gave you a sense of not just the time of 1984, but gave you a sense of what it felt like in the moment. So I thought the production design was top notch as was for the predominant amount of everybody in the cast. I thought everybody in the cast did a good job and it speaks volumes when people are doing a good enough job that there's certain characters you want to revisit and go back to and wish were on screen some more. No shock with KK. No shock with KK as well as... We'll talk about them all. Yeah, we'll talk about them all in a second. But my ultimate takeaway is unfortunate that it has, for me, far more cons than it does pros, particularly things that pertain to some of the narrative and the storytelling having too many sub-plot points that I felt were completely unnecessary as well as some things, and this won't surprise you if you've been around, some things that had to do with facts that were... When you're telling a true story, I understand artistic license, but I also don't appreciate when you just say things that aren't true. So my ultimate takeaway from was it that if you were to ask me did I like it, I would tell you I didn't like it. No, I definitely liked the series, but it wasn't a love. There was... I love... And it would be interesting to see if you feel the same way in terms of just about the entertainment value of it. Any time KK and that main cast, KK... Say his name. Yeah, Divyendu. And Bupil. That section of the thing was on screen. I was really into it. Any kind of the... And I know they're not really sub-plots because it's part of the story of how it happened, but it just... The way it was filmed and the people that were doing the acting in it. No, I'm not talking about Monhaven. I'm more talking about everybody else in it. In the really smaller sub-plots. Like in terms of the political aspects of it. Yeah. In terms of some of the smaller side plots. Those were just not as interesting to me. At least the way they were filmed. I was like, okay, can we get back to KK and his... I really wish... That's what the trailer gave you the opinion of. I really do wish one of the things I would have pounded the table for in changing would be, please, can we just stick with KK, Bupil, and Divyendu at the train station? Yeah. Yeah. That's what I would have done. I get that there's sub-plots. I didn't need them actually. Me too. I would have been like, okay, now I can go learn about what happened, blah, blah, blah, blah. But they weren't strong enough. And they could have covered... I mean, there's so many things that could be told about this tragedy and this aftermath that you have to make some choices when you're doing a story that's only going to be four episodes. And when you call your film The Railway Men, let's just stick to the actual events that occurred with The Railway Men in the event. Episode one was so good for me that I brought Andrani in with me to watch episode two. And then we got through episode two. I was still engaged, but then by the time episode three started, it went pun intended off the rails for me. There was one thing about episode one that I didn't like, that I didn't like throughout the whole thing, and it won't surprise you. Yeah, I know who you're talking about. I supposed to be said who. I will talk about that in a little bit. But yes, let's talk about the positive first. Yes, I want to accentuate more the first and foremost my favorite parts. Like I said, if they would have taken everything, I think you probably could with the cut that they had, taken everything else out and just had only the stuff at the station and it would the station and the factory just right there and the surrounding turmoil of just the hours of that night. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I think you could have done a cut and it had been so, so, so good because that part of it was riveting. No shock, KK Men and one of the greatest actors acting alive today. I will put them up there with Gary Oldman's and the people that I hold at the highest esteem of their craft. God, he's amazing. And he's so different in this. I concur. I concur. Because like he, same thing with like Pankaj and that he could be the sweetest man. Yeah. But he can also flip and be like the evilest person. He's an extraordinarily versatile actor and subtle. There's literally, it must be so fun when you're thinking about things that you could put him in because I can't think of anything that I don't think he could do well. I mean truly. No, there's nothing. Put him, any role that you're thinking of that falls within the age range he's portraying and he'd probably pull it off. Oh, easily. Yeah. I get it. It's not even a question. No, he's that good. And he brought such obviously emotion, vulnerability in this. Also, just weight and intelligence and like there's so many nuances to this character.  But you didn't need it? Well, you don't when you have someone as good as KJ. Yeah, because he brought a lot of that. He's like, I can see your past almost by what you're giving me. That's the benefit of a great actor is that you have a script that's a bit light. And this was, you have a heavyweight embodying the character who you said it. You can see the history. And I think you can see the history in the way that they're doing everything they're doing. I think he's actually done a film about this subject before and I think it was very early on in his career in the 90s. Oh really? Something about Bopal something or something? Something Bopal. And so like this second time he's kind of revisited this whole tragedy. And the constant challenge that all of the actors had to face who were in the sequences consistently like the three we're talking about was the challenges that they had to do with demonstrating the physical aspects of what they're dealing with as well. The cough and the eyes burning and maintaining that especially in some of the longer dialogue scenes when they're in the station and everybody's inside there now and they're talking about what they're going to do. Everybody had to remember without indicating and making it play acting. Everybody had to remember their symptoms. And I thought everybody did a very good job. And it's not this kind of thing with there's so much going on in terms of physically to people in this movie. Obviously the way film and television is filmed you're going to be waiting around for a few hours and then you have to remember where you were emotionally, where you are physically, you have to be like you're exhausted from emotional and physical stuff going on to your body then you have to turn it on. You are there where you needed to be in the scene. Correct. There's an evolution of the character that takes place at every dimension of their being and you have to know on any given moment you're shooting because it's out of sequence predominantly. Where is my character at this point? The hat's off. And the other two that I'm going to talk about specifically and I'll get into Mahavna because I think you did a good job. But the three main cast. Yeah. Divyendu. Divyendu. I think the second time you've seen him since. Pretty much. Yeah. I think this is the second time we've seen him in something since Mirzapur. And I'm trying to remember what was the other thing that we saw him in because I do remember something else we saw him in. I don't remember. But you guys can tell us what it was. I thought you did a very good job. I thought having to be in a bunch of scenes with K.K. Menon.  Right. Another heavyweight that he's had to act opposed to. And he did a very good job emotionally on certain scenes and obviously there was a lot going on with this character in terms of what the that aspect I'm wondering do you know if it was true or not. It wasn't. It was that part of it. Yeah and it wasn't needed. That for me. I really liked. He was a thief. I liked Divyendu his performance but in the story and the character it was a complete fabrication. It had nothing to do with actual events and it was completely unnecessary and I felt utterly distracted from the salient message of what we really wanted to focus on which was the saving of people in this catastrophe. Yeah. I thought he did a very good job though. He brought the he's a very good actor. He's seen it multiple times now and it's very different from his character in Miesepur. And I thought he brought some very emotional scenes along with KK Menen. Yeah. I believed him. It was great. That's the penultimate goal of when I'm watching an actor. Do I believe you? Yeah. Yeah. I believed him. And then Bapal. Bapil? Yeah. I believe it's pronounced Bapil. Please help us so that we can respect the proper pronunciation of his first name. Irfan's twin. God. Good Lord. One just his body is identical to his father's and there's so much reminiscent in the eyes. There is. So much reminiscent. Do you think that the part that's not there in the eyes might get there when he gets older? Maybe. Irfan's eyes are a little more sunken than I had said but I think that might come with age because if I'm remembering Irfan younger they weren't as sunken.  Dude. We are about to get, I don't want to say Irfan too, that's not fair to him. No. He has the talent. Yeah. I, I, it excites me so much to see any young talent come up whose parent is a legend in what they do and I mean any talent. So Ken Griffey Jr. when he was playing. When you're, when you're watching somebody in the music industry come up whose dad like I felt so bad for John Lennon's son who you know he was trying to do music and it's like you're in the fo, your, your father is John Lennon and we saw him for the first time I believe in Kahlo right? Yes. Yeah. And loved him. Ugh. And so number one, man I wish we had more of his character. Yeah, yeah, yeah. And my favorite moments were him and KK together. Oh yeah. And it excites me so much to see this actor who clearly comes out from underneath the shadow of one of the greatest actors of all time and is paving a way on his own has a natural unaffected way. I'm, I promise he feels a sense of pressure. He may not admit it. I may be wrong, but I, I don't know how you don't feel a sense of pressure of wanting to at least match and honor the legacy of your dad. Yeah. In the craft. Yeah. But to be able to set that aside and I see it, to set it aside and just focus on what's important is me being the character. I'm not important right now. What's important is the story and this character. And I, I loved every second he was on screen. Can't have a better teacher. No. Because he also has that effortlessness. He does. About him. In terms of, I, I, he's way ahead of his years. I'm sure he'll never admit everything that his father taught him, no, because then he probably wants to keep that special of, you know, what, what he got from his father, right? Yeah. And what makes me extremely mad, I think he and his mom and family were at the premiere we were out of in Greasy Medium. Oh, really? But he hadn't acted yet. Like, so we didn't. Yeah, we wouldn't have known. We wouldn't have known. Yeah. But he, I pretty sure his family was there from what I remember. That wouldn't surprise me. But you know, he, his, his, his depth at his age reminds me you may not like this comparison. You may. Um, he reminds me, and this is a high compliment, this room, he reminds me a lot of Timothy Chalamet. I can see what you're talking about. In his capacity. Yeah, I can see what you're talking about. Yeah, because I, I consider Timothy Chalamet to be a way ahead of his years actor in terms of his emotional depth and his presence on screen, especially his youngest, his younger first starting out work. Yeah, I, I think he has more range. He may. Timothy Chalamet. He may. Word on the street, by the way. I mean, it's first looks when it's a lot of its publicity, but word on the street is he's charming and wonka. I still don't believe it. I, I'm, I'm, I'm, I know I'm with you. I'll see it, but if, if it's a good, I'll see it on OTT. I'm not spending my money on that. I'm rooting for Mr. Khan and he's, hey, I think he has more, he's a really good actor. He has great emotional availability. Really good actor. He, that, like I said, that entire, anytime either it was KK and Devyendu or devil KK and Babil. That was my favorite train station. I was riveted and I was so interested in, and obviously learning about this awful tragedy was, um, I don't want to say wonderful, but it was very intriguing because of how awful it is, like any kind of natural or tragedy film, right? Yeah. You don't know if you're like, oh, this is awful. Yeah. Multiple times we sit, me and Steph were watching, we're like, oh my god, this is terrible. And I, I am grateful for the fact that this brought it to the, my attention and because I don't just accept things at face value, I research to find out if what I'm being told is true. I mean, I've, I've, truth matters to me. That shouldn't be a surprise to anybody, but I don't take anybody's word for it. Um, I, if somebody says something, I want to verify and see those things. So I am grateful to find out about this tragedy and I could do my own homework. What I, what I don't like and I'm not going to pound the table, but I would, I really dislike how much stuff in this was not accurate. It is, it is a, the last time I felt this upset was when we watched the, the movie about Epstein, the, yeah, the Rajkumar Rao one, where it's just you're, you're just saying stuff. I don't think Epstein is correct. That, no, no, the, yeah, the, the journalist. Yeah. Epstein's the, the pedophile. Oh yeah, but there's other people with the last name Epstein. I thought it was a different E. I may be, I may be wrong, but I thought it was, but anyway, the, the, the American journalist. There's so many things in this that are inaccurate that it's just, it, it sucks because in the very beginning there was so much that was accurate and the way that it started and one of the things that was really horrific was hearing all of the animals in the first episode.  It literally was not just genocidal in terms of it killing a lot of people, but it completely decimated the totality of the ecosystem there for so much so, and they didn't even get into this aspect of it because there's so much to tell. There was a, a reporter who had done, it was around 2009 who had gone to see because there were rumors that there was still some bad stuff going on the factory and in 2009 the photographer went in there and was then put in the hospital for a week because of contamination from just the dust that was still in the factory. Oh, wow. Yeah, but there's, there's, there's so many things in there that were fabricated inaccurate and wrong that I could never recommend this if it's like, if you want to know about this tragedy, you really need to just go look up all the articles and things about it to find out the truth because there's, there's people in this and again subplots, the whole thing on the train where I understand what was going on with the Sikh community in 1984, but that was, that was irrelevant to the telling of the railwaymen and my, my, what was going on on the train. I didn't need to, the whole, okay great, Madhavan and Juhi Chawla were once married. I didn't care, that was all distracting from the salient points. The factual things for me, should I even go into them? I mean, you can look it up yourself, but there's, there's a lot of stuff in this that's just inaccurate to the point of how did people in production not, why didn't somebody stand up and go, guys, that's not true. Do you not think that you can make something based off of an event and do it solely so people can get interested, but do it primarily for an entertainment value? Yeah, you can. However, if you're saying that you're depicting an untold story about a particular tragedy, which is what this is called, the railwaymen and untold story. Example, it would be like someone making a story about the COVID-19 pandemic and making up things about it that just never happened. That would, I would hope, that would bother people because when it comes to truth versus entertainment, there's a line example. There's a great film that had to do with World War II and the director said, this scene that you're watching, I saw this at a Q&A, said this scene in the movie that you remember when they're sitting on the park bench, that didn't take place on a park bench. That actually took place with them writing letters to one another, but we felt a justification in putting it as a park bench talk because it helped move everything forward in a way with the narrative. That kind of thing I understand for entertainment value and artistic license, but when you say things like they had an antidote, that's factually not true. When you see somebody laying on the ground who's been on the ground for hours upon hours just getting up and being okay, that is actually impossible because the concentrations of this gas were heavier on the ground. Children died first because they were shorter and smaller. I have a long list that I don't want to go on to a diatribe about, but it's enough so that it really was off-putting to me because if you want to know about the tragedy, this is not the thing to go to for facts. Just is it? Another thing outside of all that, obviously, that was just awful was the white actor that they put in charge of the American in charge of the company, basically, right? Whatever U.S. company. The bad guy? Yeah, yeah. He was terrible. I don't need to go over white actors in Indian cinema, but he was so bad. It so hurts. He was doing stuff. He was like, oh, this is going to be so cool. The way I'm going to say this, he was awful. Every single part that he was in, you could have cut. I could have gotten all that information in a different way. You could have said it at the end. Who's responsible? Blah, blah, blah. And it wasn't just his performance, which I agree with you, which was- Writing was awful, too, man. The writing for anybody who was coming across as the antagonists, it was so shallow and hollow and it won't, I haven't looked it up, but it will not surprise me if the writing contributions were inexperienced writing contributions, because the characters for the most part, I mean, KK's character and Bebill's character and Divyendu's character, were as rounded out as they were, we said this earlier on, not because of the script, but because of the capacity of the actors. And also, they didn't actually have a lot of dialogue. No, they didn't. And I mean, there was so much ancillary things that just were unnecessary and again, the guy who goes to bribe Jui Choua, not only is that unnecessary at that point, there's other ways you could have factually told, because there is an extraordinary amount of government corruption. Oh, my star is beyond corruption. And political and business, I mean, what Union carbide did and didn't do. And the antidote, for example, there's no antidote for the stuff. There is none. There still isn't an antidote for MIC. What there is is a particular kind. They mentioned it at the end of the thing. They put up the name of sodium thiosulfate. What the sodium thiosulfate does is it can help with cyanide poisoning and it can help remove cyanide from the bloodstream, which is one of the compounds in MIC that was fatal. It would have saved lives for those who were able to be treated with it who hadn't already reached a place of toxicity that was definitively lethal for them. But if you had gotten it to enough of them, what they discovered was that that particular thing could take cyanide out of the body through the out of the bloodstream and into the urine and reduce the toxicity in your body so much that it might not cause you to die if they got to you soon enough. So could lives have been spared? Absolutely. When did it come? It came about five days after the fact and the government just said it was a legal thing because the moment it became something that was internalized in the body, it was a completely different legal ramification for union carbide. They didn't want the people knowing that this was something that could be internalized and helped with that medicine and if that medicine was used, it had deeper legal problems. They made it appear as if they had the cure and purposefully withheld it and everybody could have been saved. And that's patently false. Got you. Got you. Yeah, but yeah, overall as well as some things that just weren't believable like people like particularly at the wedding, she laid on the ground and was there for a long time and then suddenly got up and was okay.  They did say multiple times that people that were pronounced dead got. There were some of those things that happened. Yeah, so I'm guessing that's what they were referencing. Yeah, but when yeah that so I think it put them into like a coma like steak basically. There were some that they dropped their heart rate enough with it's not recognizable. Yes. And obviously that's what they were referencing. Obviously, whether it's those specific instances, whether it's cinematically, you can believe that I understand. But obviously that did happen. So that's what they were referencing. What's astonishing because the toxicity at this place, there was a study in 2002 that found toxins still being found in breast milk of moms there. And in 2004, a water study was done revealing toxins were 500 times higher than the maximum limits allowed by the World Health Organization. That's in 2004. Wow. Yeah. And the one of the most heartbreaking visuals of this was actually that that shot of the baby on the mom's breath. Yeah. And that was that did work. That was a great visual that did work. Yes. Yeah. But yeah. Overall, I enjoyed it. I think it could have been way better in terms of well, actually, if you just cut it down, get rid of all the subplots like just to do it, the railwaymen, this is just their story. This is not about the politics. This is not about we don't need to know about the seeks on the train. We don't need to see the bad guy in carbon, you know, and you need carbide. Just make it about them saving the people. And it would have been so much better. Agreed. And I really wish they had done that. And been more forthright and honest in the telling and really been accurate with more of the things rather than just, you know, we didn't need a train robber who wasn't even there as much as I like him in the role. Yeah. I think that was just one of those things I didn't need to know he had a change of heart and put the money back.  Yeah. It just didn't distracting for me. Yeah. Very distracting. Yeah. Let us know you thought about the Railway Men if you liked it, if you didn't like it and what should be the next how many have we got to this year? Series? I know we've missed some guys. Yeah, we have missed some series, but we did guns and gulabs. Yes. We've done the Railway Men. I think there's like two others. I think there are two. What were they? We watched. Oh, Shahid's. Shahid's. Yeah. Farsi. Farsi. And I think that was great. Which was great. Is that it? Speaking of KK Menon, a smaller role in Farsi, but it was spectacular as was Kubra. There's one more. I feel like there's one more. Yeah. I feel like there's a fourth that we're anyway. Forget it. Oh, of course. The one about the the film industry. Jubilee. Jubilee. Yeah, that's right. Yeah. And there's ones that I know we missed. Like we still haven't gotten to Rocket Boys Season 2. Correct. And stuff like that. Yeah. But let us know with the next series we should review or do a watch along of is down below.


Last week was February 24th, and February 24th is a really special day to me because that was the day my first book came out seven years ago. And that's the only book that I've written that's come out. It's just this reminder of failure and that the dream I've been working for just isn't really working out. I heard about this place that's America's first dog cafe. And you can go in, you buy a cup of coffee and you get to hang out and cuddle with dogs for an hour. And that sounds exactly like the sort of thing I need right now. Because I just need to feel a little bit better about myself. We're up in Korea and we're there for about 60 years. They have a lot of great dog cafes out there and I thought it'd be kind of cool to bring the idea back over here. She's just super afraid of me. This wasn't what I expected. I wasn't immediately trampled by puppies. There weren't any puppies. And the very adult dogs that were here didn't seem to like me very much. And no rejection feels quite so pure as getting rejected by a dog. And I didn't feel any better. I felt like I was back at a high school dance. The dogs are over there and I'm over here. And that's when I met Oreo. He's 15. He's blind. And yes, that is a diaper. When I was petting Oreo, I felt better. And that was the entire reason why I came to the dog cafe. But the reason I felt better was something unexpected. All of our dogs have been through really bad trauma. And I think it kind of balances out with people being here and kind of helping out the dogs. And in a sense, the dogs kind of give people that uplifting feeling as well. It might not be an instant uplifting feeling. But people always leave and they're always like, Dang, this is really awesome. You can definitely say, damn, this is going on. All of these dogs have had terrible things happen to them. Neglect and trauma and abuse that makes my depression about book sales seem pretty goddamn silly. But thanks to the dog cafe, they're moving forward. You hasn't gotten a treat. And if they can do it, then maybe I should too. Oh, look at all you guys. You all like me now. You like me now. Somebody's going to adopt you. You're so cute. Do you like me? Am I okay? So Theo and Fritos are boyfriend and girlfriend. They're boyfriend and boyfriend. Boyfriend and boyfriend? Yeah. Cool. We don't discriminate.


Baby can't overtake me. I'm sorry. All right get out here. Welcome back to the channel everybody for those of you Who are new around here? My name is Michael aka dr. Chalini, and I'm a board certified diagnostic and interventional radiologist now We haven't done one of these Q&A type videos and that stands for question and answer for those of you who didn't know That and we're going to do another one today because it's been so long and as always well Not always as of the last one I did I was joined by a very special guest someone who hasn't been on my channel In a very long time someone who has been on youtube in a very long time. Please welcome my lovely wife, Andriana She always goes to the other side. Sorry Wrong side you have to speak into the microphone as well. Wow. This is a new device. This is fancy now So this is Andriana for those of you who don't know she will be reading off the questions today I have not seen these questions. I don't even know what question she's going to read off But we'll see what happens. All right. Do you have anything to say to yourself to the audience? Not to yourself. No. Cool. What a good start This is your phone time. She has her phone and she's doing a Live chat with someone about returning her product while we're doing The refund status Would you say at this point in your career that medicine was worth it? Also, do you have any advice for non-traditional pre-meds? Yes I think I've done a whole video on that right where I said it's I think I've actually done an entire video That says yes, it was worth it So maybe they're not a true subscriber to my channel. Well, put the link right over here Yeah, put the link up here. I think it's literally called was it worth it? But yes, it was worth it I love my job. I love where I'm at right now. It was all worth it in the end training was terrible This whole long process was awful. But now I paid off. All right question number two Did you start investing in rental properties while in medical school? Do you pay cash for homes you own by yourself or do you finance them something a little bit out of the medical space? Yeah, it is did I do it in med school? No, we bought when did we buy our first home two years ago? Two years ago. Yes, two years ago. So I was in oh, yeah, I was in fellowship I don't think that would have been possible as a med student I had zero dollars. Maybe not even like the first couple of years of residency. Yeah, actually all of residency I don't think that would have been possible. Honestly. What was the other part of the question? I forgot Did you pay for them in cash? Oh, no, we did not pay for them in cash We put a down payment We put 25 down on each house The reason we did that is because you don't want to spend all your cash on one house when you can have cash flow from Multiple houses being rented out simultaneously. So contrary to what the kind of older mentality is You don't really pay for your house in cash unless you have like boo-koo boo-koo's of money. Is that the right word boo-koo? I've never heard of that. Don't ask me Boo-koo boo-koo money. I just think of merci boo-koo. Anyways next one. Would you like to do more travel videos? What do you think? Sure. Babe, you're hitting my camera. Oh, sorry I think you base it on how you feel like sometimes you just kind of want to enjoy your trip and not videotape it but other Video record videotape But other times I feel like other times I feel like it's just natural just to kind of film If we're just kind of casually strolling. So I don't know. I guess you kind of do it in the moment But when you're watching this video, we will be in spain. So maybe we'll videotape that Maybe after this video releases, there will be a travel vlog in there at some point I don't know yet because again, it depends on my mood. Okay. Last time we went to church's and cake house on our vacation Oh, well, that's that's just more like a relaxation what there's not much to videotape besides us swimming at the beach So it'll probably be yeah, we didn't do anything that trip But it'll probably this is more of an adventurous trip because we're going like different places in spain So maybe it'll be easier to travel vlog this Did you finish paying off your student loans? No Link to the video up here where I talked about why I'm not paying off my student loans Okay. Well, I'm I'm still paying off my student loans, but I'm not paying off like a lump sum So watch the video you'll understand if you had total control over a hospital for a year In what ways would you improve the radiology department? I like that question. Wow That's probably the best question. I've ever been. Yeah, even another follower commented saying nice questions Really? Yeah, that's probably the best question. I've ever been asked. What would I do differently? I think that question is so broad in terms of like all things radiology efficiency is key So I think the workflow is everything you have to make the images make sure the images come in Make sure everything's uploaded the indication so that the radiologist can just like keep trucking through and in terms of ir You just gotta have the patients down and ready to do procedures to make sure everything's done efficiently and safely But that's kind of a broad answer and I would like to go into depth more about this Oh, maybe you should do a video on that. Yeah, but I don't know how I would like discuss what I would do I don't know. Maybe we'll think about it. Sorry for not answering that correctly I would have to go into like every specific example of how I would change it and that's really tough in time to To me Okay What is something you would say to your younger self with the knowledge and experience you have now? I have another good question. What would I say to myself? Yeah, keep working hard. Don't stop Would you change anything? I wouldn't change anything. That's good Maybe the only thing I would change would be to Mature earlier and find out my true passion earlier rather than it taking so long So like obviously I took a nontraditional path into medicine So I finished college started working in real estate and then finally figured out a couple years later that I wanted to Go back to school to go to med school. So if I didn't have to do that, I would have been out now for like multiple years So that would have been better. So that's something I do regret But that's just that probably shaped you who you are though If you didn't have those years of experience in another field, totally probably wouldn't have found your passion. Totally agree Yep, it all works out in the end next question All right Well, my arm is about to break off a lot of people have been asking I'm just going to combine a couple of questions just as for my IR nurse here all the doctors I worked with what a big fancy house after fellowship Can you explain your financial decision to continue to run? Is there a rationale you're following or just Didn't find something you like. Thanks. Love the channel and another person asked. Why are you still renting? Then someone will have a comment because he's probably in debt and he's smart Many MDs get into debt way over their heads. That's very true. All those answers are true First of all, we started a new job in a new state in a new area that we're unfamiliar with so We wanted to yeah buying a house immediately when I don't really know if the job is gonna work out If the area I'm gonna like or all that stuff I think it'll be too soon to just jump into a house because what if I didn't like the job and like three months later I wanted to leave then I have to sell a house blah blah It's much easier to just like be in a rental and not have to worry to the market that oh, yeah The market now is just absolutely insane and then three I think space wise for the just the two of us that kind of works I think it's kind of easy to have an apartment where you can just kind of close your doors And kind of go away and not have to worry about much of the maintenance Plus, I mean we did buy how we have houses. We just don't live in any of them. Ultimately. Yes We will probably buy a home. Yes sometime most certainly Just don't know that will that we will actually live in correct. Yes. Oh, yeah buy a home for ourselves Yes, okay next question. I lost the questions. Oh, no, how did you lose the questions? I don't know Coming back. It's all coming Okay What advice would you give people in their early undergrad years who are hesitant to go into medicine because of Corporatization and provide our burnout I would say you are on to something because that's very much Something to think about but I think there's burnout in every job. Just it depends on the degree of burnout There is a lot of burnout in medicine So I encourage you to go out and really shadow doctors and see what it's all about and see what the day to day is Actually like because it varies across specialty across private practice Academic and all that stuff. So you'll find out if it's right for you But also so many doctors told me not to go into medicine because they were burnt out and then I did it anyways I think if you have a good work life balance, it doesn't really matter. Yeah, that's key work life balance is key What investment opportunities would you recommend for medical students to help get us started or even to begin building our portfolios and someone commented research the most popular medical procedures then find out the corresponding manufacturer Then ensure they are included in your portfolio I mean, I don't know if I agree with researching the best companies that you do procedures with or whatnot because a lot of the Procedural companies, especially the new ones don't make a profit. So this market those companies are doing terribly I mean even the apples of the world are doing terribly right now in this market So what I would do this is not investment advice, by the way The first thing I would do is use the link in my description join weeble Which is a trading app and if you use that link you'll literally get six free stocks If you just deposit one cent, so it's free money So you should do that first and then this is not financial advice But you should probably invest in like ETFs just something safe like total market index funds like VTI or the s&p 500 VOO stuff like that or the SPY. That's what I would probably do and open a Roth IRA next question You almost poked me in the eye. Oh no, I would have given you a corneal abrasion No, no I started medical school in a few months if you could do medical school over again What would you do differently? These are all about medical school, huh? No, I threw in some financial advice. Well, that's true. If I could do it all over again, what would I do differently? Nothing Honestly, I don't know what I would do differently. I feel like everything worked out the way I wanted it to So I would just work just as hard as I did this time again. You want to switch over to Instagram now? No, we forgot the most important question. We did. Yes our poor instagram folks are doing. How's andriana doing? I'm great. Thank you for asking. That was the most important. Yep. Okay. All right Tips for couples when one is in medical school and the other is not. What do you think? Michael and I weren't dating when he was in medical school, but I guess probably for the better Yeah, I guess residency doesn't really compare just because you kind of have more of a real life schedule and more of a life I don't think I could have dated her in medical school because I was in the library every single day Like nonstop for at least the first two years. The third and fourth year were different But I feel like you just you just don't have time to devote anything to a relationship during those two years So it would be really hard and also the person you're dating who's not in medicine doesn't really understand what you're doing through Which is why you'll see so many couples get together in medical school because they like understand Each other and what they're going through because you really don't know unless you experience it How are PA's utilized in IR?  We need them to help us do procedures We need them to help us do orders. We need them to do Consults like we literally wouldn't even be able to do my job without PA's We have a team of PA's that worked with us and even then we just need more because there's so many procedures and so many consults and like orders and like constantly coming in that you just you have to have them They're essentially a necessity period I guess Michael really advocates for Well, this is non-biased because I'm married to one if I I guess would go back or choose another specialty To practice medicine and I think I would choose IR I really like the way that PA's are utilized in IR and I really like the way that your practice and your hospital utilizes PA's So I always recommend like any new grad PA to kind of scope out the IR scene Nice mix of procedures and medicine and consults and you know interacting with patients Kind of like a little bit of everything and this isn't just in private practice Because PA's are used in every academic place. I've ever worked in as well Like again, even with residents you can't function without PA's or you probably could function But I guarantee if your hospital or department hires PA's it'll function like exponentially better that goes for IR I can't say it for any other specialty, but IR specifically. It's almost a must next question All right, tell us a time when all three dr. Chalini's got into trouble as a kid I got into the most trouble as a kid and I'm the middle child, you know, I have middle child syndrome I'm always up to no good high school. I was never very needy. Yeah, very needy I never did anything bad, but I was just always like, you know getting in trouble at school or something I don't know. I wasn't a good kid, but I wasn't like you didn't answer the question Was the time of all three of you? Oh, we're all three of us. Oh, I don't know. I can't remember. I don't even know I don't remember my childhood like you do though. Yeah, he has a bad memory She remembers like everything from kindergarten comment below for the people who don't remember anything from like elementary school I barely I don't even know what the halls of my elementary school looked like She can remember like what she got on a quiz in second grade. All right. Make no sense We'll do one more one more one more What would you be if you were not a doctor? I would be I probably do a full-time youtube I thought that doesn't count Um, I would do your your youtube started from medicine. So you can't actually say that. I don't know. What would I be? I mean, I don't know. Maybe like stockbroker All right. Dr. Chilini would it be a stockbroker real estate developer? Really? I don't know. I like that stuff Oh, all right. Yeah. All right. So send us out. Okay one moment. I have to read Why do you have to get so high up? Send us out All righty So if you enjoy this youtube video make sure you like and subscribe to dr. Chilini's channel And if you like to see more guest appearances Then make sure you double like On this youtube video follow me on instagram and tiktok follow andriana on instagram And maybe her youtube channel. Maybe she'll put out content once in the next two years Someone someone did ask that question. Oh, of course. So, you know, it's a little sleepy over there on her channel But as always, we'll see you all on the next video. Bye. Bye. Oh, you're breaking my leg


Welcome again to A World on the Move, the program where we enter into the important issues of refugees and migrants. The UN summit has been looking at these really important issues for the first time. So the issue of migration is now center stage before the international community. And today, again, we have refugees and migrants from around the world, really interesting characters. And we have a great pleasure to have with me the Deputy Secretary General of the United Nations, Jan Ellison. We're going to look today at the issues of what it's like to be a refugee or a migrant in another country. What are the issues of integration that are important? And why is xenophobia and the politics of identity so colouring our contemporary politics? Over to you. Thank you very much. I'm glad to join you. This is a very important meeting that we finally put migration and refugee flows on the top of the UN agenda with a quarter of a billion people, our international migrants, living and working in places where they are not born. And I think if we don't have a global outlook on this and find the work, base our work both on efficiency and solidarity, I think we will be in deep trouble. And I really enjoy this being with you and having the human perspective on migration and migrants' lives. So this is an important occasion for us to also bring out the message to the world that the UN cares about migration and refugee flows. So let's at this stage, maybe we'll turn to Afsun who has a really interesting profile because she's of Iranian origin and left the country as a three-year-old smuggled in the back of a car into Pakistan. But now you live and work in Canada, which is a particularly interesting place when it comes to integration because as we know we've accepted a vast number of refugees this year and the country is particularly open to creating opportunities for migrants. Perhaps you could talk to us Afsun a little bit about your personal experience. Yes, thank you for having me. I just on a personal note, Mr. Elias, and I want to say what an honor it is for me to speak with you because as Leonard mentioned, I was born in Tehran during the Iran-Iraq war and that war and the revolution that preceded it have defined the course of my life from the very day that I was born when my mother risked not having access to a hospital because of the strikes. And I know that at that same time, you and your team were working very hard to end the war and for that I want to thank you. Thank you very much. My comments today, I have reflected a great deal on what has caused my experience to be a positive and empowering one and it has to do with the role of citizens in the receiving population I'll give you an example of when I was five years old, a moment I will never forget I was told we're going to a church and someone called St. Nicholas is going to be there and I remember sitting in something like the 10th row and watching the kids in front of me and this man in a red suit coming out on stage and calling out the names of the kids and giving them gifts and I sat there horrified and so sad because I thought St. Nicholas doesn't know me, he doesn't know I'm here, he doesn't know my name I'm not going to get a gift and all the other kids were so happy and I was just sitting there like practically in tears and then all of a sudden I hear, Afsoon, and you cannot believe I mean I will never forget this moment and I just jumped up and ran to the stage and got the pencil crayons and ran back to my parents and who was sitting next to them, my parents' English teacher and later I realized my parents' English teacher had sat down and explained this is Christmas and we're going to go to church and we're going to say prayers and this is St. Nicholas and then three months later when it was no ruse then we invited her to our house and said this is our half scene and we eat rice with fish and these are our customs and that exchange and the friendship that formed is pivotal because it had a profound effect on both sides it had an effect on the people that surrounded us because they saw us as people who could make a contribution to their community and so they told their friends about it and their friends told their friends about it and this is how a positive story, a positive narrative was born and so I know that you've talked about the need for funding to meet the needs of newcomers and you've talked about the beauty of diversity and the need to promote an understanding of it it's not only that, that direct contact also helps people learn the language organically it helps people make connections that are essential for employment it helps create mentorship that people need for educational opportunities Thank you very much, it's remarkable to sit here in 2016 and see you being a child when I was mediating in the war between Iran and Iraq and we had this conversation I think it's very important that we recognize that in today's world the world exists in our own countries and our nation states are also part of the world I spoke at the National Day in Sweden, my home country, 2014 and I said, remember, the world is, Sweden is in the world and I was reminding of names like Doug Hammerscheld former Secretary General Daul of Palma, the champion for peace and also mediator in Iran and Iraq and then I said, remember also, that the world is in Sweden Sweden is the world, but the world is in Sweden in today's world we have also the world inside our countries and my view is that those countries who recognize that will be the stronger countries in the longer run and that means that we have to work on attitudes and look at the mutual benefit of having this conversation I don't say that it's an easy process that would be wrong because a country that is well organized and suddenly you have an influx of great numbers or if it is not easy, but we should understand that as a challenge not as a problem in Paris, there is enormous potential and promise in this bringing the world into our own countries so I think we are at a historic stage where we must have a concept of this nature that I just described but also put it on the human level and make sure that you have this exchange between people like we just heard from your wonderful experience in Canada and by the way, I am personally going to be Santa Claus in Sweden on the 24th of December that's one of the main reasons that I will have to leave before the end of my term So I was born in Liberia but I grew up in Guinea Liberia and Sierra Leone as a child escaping different conflicts actually in 1992 my parents had the opportunity for us to come to the UK but we chose to go back and help with rescuing people who had been stuck in different countries during the conflict help them go back into education, help them secure employment and help them to raise their aspirations with the right investment and support they would be able to make better contributions to their communities I think with migration I split my time between Sierra Leone and the UK where I work in both places and sometimes in Sierra Leone the way I say things, the way I hear people think I have become too British and sometimes they want to be in the UK and I interact with people my African and Sierra Leone side still comes up but there are things from both cultures that I learn that I bring together and that enables me to be able to contribute to life and community in the UK and in Sierra Leone Well thank you very much I think first of all it's great that you work with schools that you work with education the best investment in the future I saw the statistics coming out of Syria before the war 94% of the children went to school now during the conflict it's gone down to 60 and I think that's even a little bit higher than the realities on the ground and the conditions under which they work and then secondly I was thinking when you spoke about your being seen as British when you were in Sierra Leone that I think we should get used to looking at the word identity and come to the realization that that is a much better word in plural we have several identities you should not lose your roots in Liberia but now you have been educated in UK you are a bridge between two countries two cultures, two traditions and I would say that you who represent that bridge actually have a bit of a richer background than many of us and I think that is so important now that we use the power of the diaspora people who have moved into our countries with sometimes extremely high difficulties and then succeeded that they should be also the bridge to their original countries I think there is a tremendous dynamics in this and you can be also playing a similar role back in the UK bringing your experience from Liberia to the UK so I just say that this dynamics that is coming from the migration hasn't quite been discovered and detected we need to do that in today's world where there is so much manipulation of fear and the outside and those who come in and it's used in this strategy of fear which is coming from extremist groups and we have now to mobilize the good forces we have to mobilize the good forces and the good forces are those who deal with the outside world as a reality how we are all enriched by diversity I was a 12-year-old boy when the military coup came in Chile and arrested my father and I was a displaced child at that time what I'm listening to you what I hear is that the possibilities of migration what motivates migrants to improve their life one of them is the aspiration to continue dreaming in 2013 half of the new patents registered in the US were registered by migrants or refugees to the United States that shows an incredibly amount of driving force motivation, inspiration by migrants we have the will we have survived something we have changed something to contribute in these new societies Well I think you made some very important points to be really global citizens need to take in the world and see this as a resource and not as a burden as many unfortunately political forces now try to do so I'm just the first one to agree with you fully and I know also I can't refrain from saying how much I have enjoyed my Chilean friends in Sweden those whom we helped out in 1973 thanks to our great ambassador Edelstam in Chile but also with Prime Minister Palma and us who were really working on the barricades and these conversations I've had with you have been truly enriching and inspired me for the meeting and its continuation above all and confirmed that we are on the right track with this work both on migration refugees and fighting xenophobia so thank you to all of you So it's been a great pleasure to have you with us today and let me also say how happy I am to see IOM becoming part of the UN family it's about time and I think also it sends the message that migration indeed is truly a central part of the new global landscape