Right. Good morning, everyone. Welcome to the session. Let's just begin this time with a word of prayer and let me get to our teaching. Let's pray together. Father, we thank you so much for this time. Once again, you've given us to study and learn your word of God. Pray that you will continue to minister and even as we learn the deep fruits of your word of our identity and you pray God that we will truly live out this identity in our lives. Thank you. We with us through this session Lord Holy Spirit minister to us. In Jesus' name we pray. I hope my audio is fine. Just let me know. Thank you. Last class we did quite a few topics. Good morning question. Good morning. Good morning. So we did chapter 38. We talked about being sanctified. We were sanctified once. We are being sanctified every day of our life. We talked about that. When we believe in Jesus, we become the sanctification of God. But over time, every day, we are being sanctified. So it is a daily process. It is not a one-time event. Then we looked at two important or prominent ways that you and I as believers are sanctified. One is by the word of God and two is the working of His Holy Spirit. So of course we renew our thinking. We renew our mind through the word of God. The word of God is able to change our lives, help us to walk in obedience to the word of God. And the Holy Spirit is there to help us. Whenever we try to do something on our own, we may not be able to do it. We may not be able to overcome certain things that are happening in our life. But the Holy Spirit is there to help us overcome. And the Holy Spirit enables us to walk in this sanctification. To walk in holiness. So let's get into chapter 41. Now that we are sanctified, let me just present the notes so that we can all be together. So chapter 41. Living sanctified in Christ. So how does this identity of being sanctified affect our life? How is it for you and I as believers, what must change? Or what are the things that we must do in living the sanctified life? Let's read 1 Thessalonians chapter 4, 1 through 7. Anyone like to read? 1 Thessalonians chapter 4, 1 through 7. Pastor, can I read? Please go ahead. 1 Thessalonians chapter 4, 1 to 7. I finally den brethren, we urge and exhort in the Lord Jesus that you should abound more and more just as you repeat from us how you ought to walk and to please God for you know what commandments we gave you through the Lord Jesus. For this is the will of God, your sanctification that you should abstain from sexual immorality that each of you should know how to possess his own vessel in sanctification and honor. Not in passion of lust like the Gentiles who do not know God that no man should take advantage of and defraud his brother in this matter because the Lord is the Avenger of all such as we also forewarned you and testified for God did not call us to uncleanliness but in holiness. Yes. Sorry, thank you Gautrude. I just need to stop the presentation for a moment. Let's do it again. Okay, so Paul is writing here to the Thessalonians. He's saying, since you are sanctified, we must learn to possess our vessel meaning we must learn to live in holiness. We must also hold one another in honor. We need to stay away from things that can defile us. So it says here, stay away from things that violates us. So how can we do this? How can you and I as believers do this? It is through the Word of God. So we tell ourselves, okay, God, I don't want to do things that will defile myself. I know that I'm a child of God. This is my identity and I'm the sanctification of God. We need to stay away if there are things in our life or areas in our life where we feel that, okay, this is a weakness. We need to ask God to help us and to try and stay away from it. So let's look at a few points how we can continue to walk in holiness. We walk in love to walk in holiness. First Thessalonians 3, 12 and 13, and the Lord, may the Lord make you increase in abundant love to one another and to all just as we do to you so that He may establish your hearts blameless in holiness. Here's the interesting part. We cannot walk in holiness if we don't walk in love. The more we walk in holiness, the more we will be able to love one another. And this is also vice of ourselves. The more we walk in love, the more we love God, the more we will want to walk in holiness. We will not want to be disobedient to God. So they both are two sides of a coin. If we walk in love, we will also walk in holiness. The love that we're talking about here where Paul is writing, it's not the love that we... It's the agape love. It's the God kind of love that Paul is talking about here. And so when we walk in love, we will walk in holiness. So another way to continue to walk this sanctified life is to have sanctified standards and values. Now each one of us as believers, we are not only believers, but if you look around all of us as human beings, we have certain standards, we have certain values. Now this has come over time. If you look at a five-year-old boy, they may not have any standards. They don't have any values. They're too small. They don't understand. But the moment this little boy becomes a teen, he begins to understand values. He begins to understand that I need to have certain standards. Now the standards could be good or bad. The values could be good or bad. But they begin to understand that there's something called a standard. Now values and life.  And then once they grow up, they probably get married, have children. All of us have certain standards and values. Now Paul is writing to the Romans here and he's saying Romans 12, 1 and 2, I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God that you present your bodies a living sacrifice, wholly acceptable to God, which is your reasonable service. And this is a standard which he's placing. And look what he says after that. Do not be conformed to this world. Again, a standard. Don't do what the world is doing. You have your own standards. You have your own values. But be transformed by the renewing of your mind that you may prove what is good and acceptable will of God. Now, as we live in a manner that is pleasing to God, it is important that we transform our lifestyle. So what is lifestyle? Lifestyle is our standards, our values, our morals. You can have good standards. You can have holy standards, unholy standards. So for example, there could be somebody who, a person, a believer, can be somebody who has a certain standard of saying, okay, wherever I go in the workplace, the corporate place, wherever I go, I will make sure that I will not use bad words. I'm just giving an example. I will not use bad words. Now that's a standard. It's a value he's set in place. So wherever he is, whether he's at home, whether he's in the workplace, whether he's with his friends, everyone else may be using bad words. But for this person, hey, I'm not going to use bad words because it's a certain standard that I'm into. There are certain values that I hold on to. Now, on the other side, you can have somebody who has no standards or no values. They can be whatever they want to be. They can say whatever they want to say, and nothing affects them. Now remember, Paul is saying, Paul is writing here Romans 12, too, especially, do not be conformed to this world and be transformed by the renewing of your mind. When we renew our mind, we may be able to do what is good, pleasing, and the perfect will of God. I've heard the same. They say that India is a safe place, or not a safe place. Iran, Iraq may not be safe places. China may not be a safe place, or different countries have different standards, and people think this is a safe place and that is not a safe place. I read this article once, and it said that the safest place to be is to be in the will of God. That is the safest place you can be. Because life is uncertain, future is uncertain, but the safest place, it's not a country, it's not a locality in a country, but the safest place you and I can be is to be in the will of God. How do I know I'm in the will of God? As a child of God, daily to transform yourself by the renewing of your mind, trying our best, working our best to live a holy life, obeying God's word. When we do these things, we are in the will of God. That's the safest place that we can be in. Now when I say safest place, it doesn't mean nothing, no harm is going to come. It doesn't mean that life is going to be very easy and simple. What did Jesus say? I've come to do the will of the Father. What is the will of the Father? He had to be crucified. He had to die on the cross, but it brought joy to the Lord Jesus. So as believers, always remember this. Safe is the place we can be, to be in the will of God. The moment we tell ourselves, hey, I'm not going to do what the world is doing.  I want to be obedient to God's word. You are in the will of God. Another way we continue to live out our sanctification is, a sanctified life reveals his virtues. When you say virtues, virtues are basically our attributes or our character. So a kingly priesthood, the Lord Jesus has chosen us as a chosen generation, a loyal priesthood, a chosen nation, a holy people to himself. And we are to proclaim these virtues to people. So for example, how can I say I'm a chosen generation? How can I be a kingly priesthood? How can people know that I am a believer by our virtues? The beauty of God, the holiness of God is revealed by our virtues. And the way we are, the way we portray ourselves, the way we look at others, the way we talk, it is all the virtues of the Lord Jesus. It begins to, people will notice it. So imagine the Lord Jesus saying wherever Jesus went, he spoke in love, he spoke, he brought life in dead situations. You and I, as holy ones, as sanctified ones, are to reveal his virtues, his life, his character must be revealed in us. And interestingly, or the most encouraging part for us is we don't have to do it on our own strength. God has given us the Holy Spirit to do that. Next one, we are sanctified vessels in Christ. Now look at this, Paul is writing the Timothy here and this is his last letter, Second Timothy. He's writing something very important. Second Timothy 219-20, Nevertheless, the solid foundation of God stands having this seal. The Lord knows those who are His. Let everyone whose name is the name of Christ, let everyone who names the name of Christ depart from iniquity. But in a great house there are not only vessels of gold and silver, but also wooden clay, some of honor and some for this honor. Therefore, if anyone cleanses himself with a letter meaning cleanses himself with the gold and silver, he will be a vessel of honor sanctified and useful for the master prepared for every good work. Paul is bringing the example out for the church in Ephesus. Paul is writing Timothy and Timothy is the pastor in Ephesus. In Ephesus we know that there was a lot of idol worship and during those days when there was idol worship they would usually take these vessels and they would pour out their offerings on these idols. So these vessels are very important and we see some of it in the Old Testament as well. But these vessels they would either be of whatever things, but they were vessels, they would they would pour it out on those idols. So these vessels were like an honorable thing for the idol worshippers. So Paul is writing here and he is saying you and I are to be vessels of honor, vessels of gold and silver. Now what is the thing with a vessel? I read this little article quite a few years back many years back and this article was about it's just an allegory. It's a made up story, it's an allegory. It's not a real story but it portrays a thought or an idea. So Jesus is walking through a house and in that house there were beautiful pots some of gold and silver and precious stones and emeralds and Jesus is walking and the gold vessel is saying oh Jesus you take me look at me I look so beautiful then the silver is saying look at me I also look so beautiful and the emerald and the jasper and all these vessels are saying Lord Jesus you should choose me I'll be so beautiful for your kingdom but Jesus kept walking without saying a word and right at the back there was a broken mud pot almost all cracked up very bad condition and so Jesus sticks and the broken mud pot was thinking to himself now I'm useless I cannot be used for anything because I'm broken I'm just a mud pot look at the others they are gold, silver precious stones I'm a mud pot I'm of no use at all but Jesus takes that broken mud pot and says all of those other pots are ready to be used but this pot I can make it the way I want I can turn this mud pot into something beautiful and it's such an important lesson for us you know we may have brokenness in our life we may have areas where we are not as strong as we ought to be we may have you know things in our life that is making us feel unworthy the Lord Jesus says I will make you a vessel of honour all we need to do is surrender that brokenness surrender it to God and say God this is what I am this is my brokenness and the Lord Jesus will turn us into a vessel of honour prepared for every good work useful for the Master right so don't let your brokenness or your it was just a mud pot nothing fancy about it right but Jesus is not looking for that looking for people who are broken but people who are willing obedient and He uses us as His vessels now another important point to remember is as sanctified people we are persecuted and ridiculed people hate us like John chapter 17 I'll just read a few potions verse 14 I have given them your word as hated them because they are not of the world just as I am not of the Lord I do not pray that you take them out of the world but you should keep them from the evil one they are not of the world just as I am not of the world sanctify them by your truth your truth is your word as you sent me into the world I also have sent them into the world so Jesus is talking to the Father about His disciples for this sake I sanctify myself that they also may be sanctified by the truth 2 Timothy 3 12 yes and all who desire to live godly in Christ Jesus will suffer persecution so as believers if we are living a holy life nobody is going to put a red cup and clap for you nobody is going to do that if you are a great man of God there is going to be persecution now I am talking about outside outside of the church the body of Christ there is going to be persecution nobody is going to say you are very good you are talking about Jesus there is going to be persecution if you look at what is happening in our nation itself in north of India and it is only a small percentage of persecution that is going to come ahead there is so much more that is going to come but remember this if we live a godly life if we are living in holiness now persecution need not always be the thought that we have is some people coming breaking the chairs beating us, putting us in prison we can also be in the office in a workplace hey this person is always talking about Jesus that is also a persecution because you are bearing the name of Jesus people may ridicule you people may mock at you you are believing somebody who died so many years back that you have not even seen him foolishness everyone are enjoying everyone are living their life drinking living enjoying life and you are here always with the Bible saying this is what Jesus said that is what Jesus said people will ridicule but that is how it is as sanctified children of God you will suffer persecution but the world will not understand remember we just read that verse in the book of John Jesus is sending out his disciples saying when they go out and preach some of them will reject the world because they are not of the world they are not of God they are living in the world they don't understand the things of God so when we are living this life don't worry about what people are thinking about you what will he think what will he think if I say I am going to church on Sunday what will she think if I am going to sell group on Thursday what will she think if I am going for worship practice what will he think don't worry about what people think worry about what God thinks about you God is saying you are holy, you are sanctified and set you apart then we are sanctified and preserved, blameless 1 Thessalonians 523 now may the God of peace himself sanctify you completely we talked about these three aspects spirit, soul and body your spirit is who you are your soul is your emotions your mind will and emotions and your body that is your body your physical body it says there may your whole spirit, soul and body be preserved, blameless interesting right Paul is not saying anyway the body is going to become ashes so you do what you want with your body but make sure your spirit and soul is right before God no it doesn't work that way being tripod we must understand that what we do with our flesh is also important because God made this the Lord Jesus himself had to die in the flesh Jesus didn't come and stay for he could have done could have just come and said next week I am getting crucified and you believe in me and all of them will have everlasting lives one week on earth I go through the whole process he did it to set the example for us he overcame temptations to set the example for us he had a body just like you and me just like you and me and he had to go through those physical weaknesses as well Jesus imagine Jesus fasting 40 days do you think he was full of strength physically very weak he and the disciples were on the board Jesus was sleeping he was tired physically tired walking so remember that this spirit soul and body all three are important and we keep them holy and blameless till the coming of our Lord so what can we do we tell our spirit Holy spirit help me to be in line let my spirit you be tune our spirit to be in line with the Holy spirit we tell our soul that is our mind our will our emotions so the mind devil is attacking our mind we say we tell our mind no I am not going to listen to this there is the will comes into place we tell your will God help me to obey I want to overcome this then there is emotion sometimes we feel like giving up God I know you are with me I know that you will strengthen me our body we have weaknesses there are urges in our bodies we tell our body I tune it I tune my body to the things of God and so that way we are preserving ourselves blameless before God these are some of the ways that we continue to walk in holiness there are some common questions that have arised attire contemporary preachers attire now sometimes when we look at the new pastors the contemporary churches the new churches that are there you have these pastors these things jackets and chain with a cross and all of it now people have questions is it okay to do that right because we look at veneration like India you look it's always very it's always been you know formals but listen we need to understand that it's things have changed things have evolved you can't expect people to be the same how they were so even if they are wearing a sweatshirt they are wearing a chain doesn't mean that they are not holy but it's good for a preacher to dress up so clearly they are being an example carriers entertainment fashion design this is another as believers you are in the entertainment business or fashion design we can work there there is nothing wrong working in these places but set priorities set standards set certain values right now in the entertainment business there is there could be bribe there could be lot of parties right drugs alcohol all of this will be easily available right so you must have certain values you must say no to certain things so again we must be willing to overcome that right now for example you are working in the entertainment section and I think every week there will be a party there is all kinds of things happening in those parties now you have the choice if it's possible you can request that you be exempted from attending those events but if you are part of you have to be part of it you can go but you don't have you have certain values you can tell yourself no no matter what people say I am not going to do what everyone else are doing here right then you have church stage decor people have a lot of questions about this is it right is it holy to have this kind of a stage decor now there is nothing wrong right but make sure that the decor is not no it doesn't portray anything that is you know evil or portray something that is not right it should be something that is nothing wrong in having good stage decor nothing wrong about it then questions about drinking alcohol now if I drink alcohol is it okay no it's not okay because Jesus said you are the temple of the Holy Spirit what about food offered to idols no it's not okay because Paul says to the Corinthians he says how can you partake in the Lord's table and also partake on food with food sacrifice to idols right can you be part can you partake in the Lord's table and also the devil's table together so he's talking about that in Corinthians so so he talks a lot in detail about that so now you learn more in the epistle of Corinthians as well so there will be times when people will you know that is sacrifice to idols they come and offer it very politely we can say no thank you nothing wrong and I have done done it many times they have festivals they have programs and I was in the corporate sector working in the corporate office they have so they would come and say hey why don't you have some I would say no I would say oh why Jesus Jesus won't get angry so I don't I don't care what you think about it but for me my God is more important so I would say to them no thank you it doesn't matter what they speak about me it doesn't matter I'm keeping I'm preserving my body my spirit my soul for God right ok so some of the other points jewelry nothing wrong please wear jewelry right there's nothing wrong right you have to wear wear movies now again movies is a constant topic where people have a lot of questions like will I become unholy if I watch a movie will the devil come and sit in my house right now what kind of movie right if you are watching a movie and you know this movie has actual content right now remember this what we see affects our mind right if I keep seeing things you know my teacher used to say this it's called Gigo G-I-G-O garbage in garbage out you keep watching garbage garbage will come perfume won't come out right if you keep thinking of the word of God keep thinking about God all things of God will come so when it comes to movies now I won't say that if you watch a movie you know you go to hell that's not it right but make sure that as a believer there are certain things that you can watch certain things you can just avoid now personally for me I'm not interested in movies not very interested from small never been really interested but I know people who are really interested in movies they love to watch movies yeah but you just got to be careful what we are seeing again music secular music okay so a lot of people have asked me this question right they like to listen to a lot of songs and these songs are not gospel songs they're not bad songs right they don't have bad words they don't have bad meaning but they are secular songs right what do I do about it now here's the thing does it this is the question I always ask people what does it do to you when you listen to a secular music what does it do to you it brings you some happiness but what benefit has it done is it to help you in any way you see I'm not saying don't listen to secular music secular music if you want to listen to you listen to it but for me I don't it just doesn't interest me is it helpful for me is it going to make me more is it going to make me go closer to Christ now when I was not a believer I listened only to secular music even as I became a believer I would still listen to secular music but it took time for me to come out of it and now we've got contemporary church music a lot of questions about that I don't know is this song right some songs are theologically they are wrong or they don't sound right or the contemporary church music has a lot of keyboard sound a lot of synthesizers and all these ads and lightings and all of it is it okay so a lot of questions about all of this but the question that we must ask ourselves are you growing closer to God through all of this are you growing closer to God again participation in religious festivals when there are religious festivals should I participate are there some guidelines that I should have say if you are in a corporate sector and you have to be part of a religious festival I remember this few of them from our church they came up to me and said you know my family are not saved they are unsaved and so they have these yearly festivals that they have to follow and so they have to be part of it because the entire family is coming the children are believers parents are unbelievers so they go and the question they ask me is what should I do and they say as the eldest son you have to do this certain ritual so what should I do so somehow there was this young two brothers who are who are from a Hindu faith and they had to go and be part of these festivals that they are home to but I remember the elder one coming and saying my parents told me to do this but I declined doing it I know they may have felt bad I know they may have felt hurt I love my parents but I have to obey God as well and to see that kind of maturity it's not easy it's not something very easily somebody can do but the level of maturity that they walked knowing that God is priority out of all these things so what about science and genetics now we have all kinds of people coming up with all kinds of male female transgender binary all these things coming up and then they say genetics genetically I'm born like this now we must be able to give good response to all of these things now even as again tattoos as well is it okay to tattoo your body will you become unholy if you tattoo your body now remember again the same concept my body is a temple of the Holy Spirit why would I want to now just because I write Jesus Christ on my hand doesn't mean Jesus Christ is coming and sitting on the tattoo this is the life that we live I can have Jesus all the 12 disciples on my tattooed on my body doesn't make a difference it's not like the devil will say Jesus Christ is tattooed on his body so I will not come you can put 100 crosses on your body and the tattoo it's not going to help because the sanctification of life is what is going to matter is it something that is going to the answers is it something that is going to sanctify me to be closer with God that's the question we must ask ourselves okay I think we'll stop here because I wanted to start with section 5 we'll start with from next class so that we can spend more time but what I like you to do is if you have questions you can write it down Sanjay N says most music and movies and social media today are full of subliminal little programming it leaves us yes very true very true thank you Sanjay for sharing a lot of I grew up in the early 90s so a lot of music was there corporate music it was okay we were talking about all these other things about the world but now it's different because every kind of music is somewhere turning us away from God it will either say there are some songs right now that we see around us talking about secular songs where they are openly mocking Jesus openly they are probably saying Satan is better, Satan is all of these things so be careful what you watch now even here is another interesting thing one of the parents in our church was talking to us they were saying even cartoons which children watch are programmed towards either there was this recently one of the family one of our family members in church was saying children have been watching this series where it talks about nature and about different gods on the earth and so each god has certain power what should this god do and this is 6 years old, 7 year old children we have two questions here Del says can a servant of God be an artist or an actor yes, yes definitely they can be if that's one of their gifts and talents, yes nothing wrong right so there are many who profess to be believers now if you are saying servant of God meaning like a pastor or a preacher yes, if that's something that he wants to do make sure that it's not you know, it's not a it's not something that will the movie or the the series doesn't take them away from God it is not defiling the person if someone is in Christ but they listen and watch secular movie and so on and say nothing is wrong in this we say okay, this here's the thing, when we when we talk to people sometimes you know, they could be believers unbelievers, when we say they may not be in a place to receive correction right, now there could be many reasons, because they need time one, two is you know, they may say hey how come you are telling me they may feel that way now if somebody is listening to secular movies and listening to secular songs always remember this right, the truth remember what Jesus said you shall know the truth and the truth will set you free the more you tell somebody don't do this it is natural that they'll want to do it but the more you tell somebody this is what Jesus says, this is what Jesus can do in your life this is what the Lord says this is what the Bible teaches us so we're not telling people what not to do but we're telling people what to do there's power in that like for me when I became, before I was a believer everyone would say don't do this don't do that, don't do this I'll get really upset why, why are you all telling me don't do everything but once I became a believer when people are telling me I realized okay yes I have to change these areas but then there was I thank God for people who told me what to do rather than what not to do so as I mentioned after I became a believer I was still listening to secular songs because I've been listening to them for like 10-15 years but by people telling me what to do hey why don't you spend more time reading the word or praying so when I spent time doing more of this listening to secular songs took the second place and slowly it went away so the best thing to do is to tell people what to do I know it's very upsetting sometimes see I told him don't listen to this don't listen to secular songs he's listening we get angry we get upset but it's not going to solve the problem what you can do is focus on what Jesus can do in his life all the other things will go before becoming a believer I used to wear a lot of chains these triangles a lot of rings and all that after I became a believer I still had it on stick chain people used to say hey you have to take it out I didn't take it out but the more I spent time on God now I'm not saying it's wrong the more I spent time on God's presence and looking at what God there's all these other things took second place what's the point of this chain it's just heavy, it's poking me look at that through it away so you see the mind changes, everything changes the way we look at things changes so what I would say is you tell people what to do eventually those other things will automatically go away Gertrude says how do you preach to the same gender persons getting married you tell them the truth the truth is the truth that is God made Adam and Eve man and woman and that's God's design anything in the book of Romans in Romans chapter 1, 2 and 3 this is the problem that was happening people were of same gender were getting married and what was worse in Rome was brothers and sisters were getting married sons and their own mother were getting married could be stepmother as well so it was complete abomination so what you can say to them is if they are way beyond understanding something that you can do is you can just tell them about God's design you can tell them that see this is what God has said and they can likely that initially they will believe it but these are strongholds and these strongholds need to be prayed over and need to be broken but to encourage us Gertrude remember that across the world people who are gay and lesbian have come out and they become believers many of them got married living happy life so the first thing that we can say you know that you may have these desires but these desires are out of their own flesh it is not something that we are born with not at all it is desires of our own flesh so you can tell them that this is wrong in God's eyes again we cannot force people to believe we cannot force them to you know to say hey you have to listen to me their response may be different but we are doing our part by saying this nowadays when you tell these children they think it is normal you know but it is not normal we know so the thing is here Gertrude is we must understand that this generation is changing so for example you talk about cassette tape for us it is normal I have so many cassettes that we listen to now you ask our children they don't even know what a cassette is so growing up in the 90s we had this concept of media and this concept of internet and mobile phones was not even there so as the generations keep going all of these things there will come a time when even in India people will it will be so open right now it is not a topic that many people talk about very openly but maybe 5 years, 10 years, 1 decade down the line tell me managers happening in the church this is a way that the enemy is working so yeah so we need to again speak the truth of God's word let them be ministered through that okay John welcome Gertrude John is saying many pastors say the music came from heaven started in heaven there is nothing wrong to listen to other songs is it correct music started in heaven but even pride started in heaven so it's okay to walk in pride definitely not Lucifer what happened to Lucifer right so that's what is very important next semester you will learn hermeneutics hermeneutics is taking scripture and putting it into context so taking text putting it into context so when pastors say that music came from heaven music is God God created music right so when God created something it is always good music is good but what the enemy has done he has defiled that music see when God when God sent Lucifer was condemned he went down God didn't take away his gifts God didn't say okay now give back the gift of music all the gifts that I gave we give it back just condemn him so like all other things that the devil does music and he has used music to come up with all kinds of things take people over you know when you get into rock and roll heavy all these other music rock music and all it is always associated with sex and drugs oh sorry Lucy did I miss your question oh sorry I just finished this and come to you Lucy sorry I didn't notice that okay okay brother so so when pastors say that their understanding is wrong right it is wrong to say that remember that listening to to these like what I said listen to things that are happening songs that are talking about which could really talk about Christ or about things against Jesus killing each other what's happening it's not from heaven of course it's wrong to listen to them because it's going into our mind it's going into our spirit music transcends our physical music doesn't give us physical happiness it goes into our spirit our soul you know when we have supernatural love when we are singing what is happening it goes into our spirit to our soul okay is it okay I take this five minutes more quite a few questions here but those would like to have other things to do feel free to okay let me look at Lucy is studying about psychology good I've heard people saying it's not good reading in minds of Lucy psychology is very important it's good to study psychology it's just like any other subject right now psychology is not only about reading minds but it's also about helping people overcome emotional failures emotional challenges psychology also has you know counseling in them so there's very topics in psychology and it's good you know it's very good and then there's also Christian psychology Christian based psychologists who help so there's nothing wrong but we shouldn't go overboard by if you're a believer and you want to study psychology take psychology take the scriptures put it together and you know you can it's really helpful for people you can give people good suggestions and all that okay okay I'll just take this last question in different countries if they give wine or alcohol in church and say it's good for health then can we say that they don't know the truth okay so there is two things here right that's a very good question so number one is there's culture and there's God's word right the truth of God's word now in culture is something that so for example covering women cover their head and especially not only women cover their head we take out our footwear and go into church this is what culture now if you come to Bangalore we don't cover our head we don't take out our shoes right now when we travel to North India for ministry we the women we purposely we ask them to cover their hair we take out our footwear and get into church why because we are respecting the culture of the place right now when culture is there are certain cultures which can which are there which can defile us which can take us away from God which can bring an unholiness in us for example these two mentioned it doesn't affect our relationship with God but there are certain cultures which affect our relationship with God so for example if for 20 years you've been an unbeliever and you've got this habit of you know reciting some some of these old of the other faith reciting or doing certain things and you feel that it's not right it's again it's taking you you need to change that now yes certain countries have a lot of wine they have a lot of alcohol right now is alcohol good the question is it may be a culture that is alcohol good answers no because what is superior the word of God which says what I am the body of Christ now this culture of going to I go to weddings I go to plenty of weddings right and sometimes they offer alcohol I say no I don't want it it's a culture there right but what I say is I say no so it's not like they don't know the truth of God's word it's just that they need to get a revelation in that area they need to understand this that hey you know they may be good, they may be believers they know Jesus they love Jesus but there are certain areas that they have to grow what we can do is help them to understand right again we cannot be condemning although what the verse says therefore now there is no condemnation for those of Christ Jesus so we cannot be in a place of condemning but we can encourage, we can teach them sometimes they don't know right they don't know oh this is wrong I don't know it all this while okay I'll take steps to change um yeah so so one thing that we can do is remember that if they are from different countries like for example when you go to I remember going to a couple of countries and there you know it was just so common right they don't have water they just don't have water they have alcohol with every food and they are very good believers right but it's a culture it's how they've set their mindset is that way but then I know some of them who have come out of it now they drink water or some juice with food so I think the more we speak to them the more we because I know that you're talking about people from different countries but we cannot say that they don't know the truth just because somebody is failing in one area doesn't mean they know they don't know the truth of God at all now we may not know many things because we may not know one or two things doesn't mean we don't know the truth meaning we know the truth of God we know that we should not get angry but sometimes we do get angry we know that we shouldn't walk in pride sometimes we walk in pride so it doesn't mean we don't know the truth we know it's just that we have made that mistake so we learn from all of this yeah so we'll stop here but it's good to have these questions if you have more questions you know we can take it up maybe next class on Wednesday we can answer these questions so if you have questions regarding all of this you can just write it down and ask next week thank you so much for being in this class and we'll catch up next week yeah, good weekend God bless


Hi everyone, I'm Joe for jaskiescasewrakes.com doing a quick little status fat pack break We're at the end. We're gonna give away five spots in that high-end basketball mixer. I think we'll have to do one more pack That's I think that sells out the break. I think by my account Actually, look at this. Yeah, I have ten spots left So we're giving away five in this one and five in another pack and then we're in Brakesville So keep that in mind big thanks to all of these lovely people for getting into the action There's the break or there's the teams right there and the dice roll for the break the giveaway spots will be a different dice roll three times her names and teams one two three There's Steven Down to Christopher three times teams one two three Hawks down to Miami heat. All right, here's the first half of this right here. Remember this is 1819 status fat pack so Steven Hawks Trey young possibilities here and What did I skip Dallas? Where's Dallas? There it is now Dallas is right there Rick with Dallas Luca opportunities. All right, no trade windows in these little fillers Let's box these up. Let's center it up. Let's print that out Ryan no, I mean if you look at the schedule, we have a we have that half hour window. All right Here's the final print out right here. Stefan digs fired up That's my quarterback. So these are all commons Got a parallel Mo Bamba and rookie cards. Courix who got recently got traded rookie credentials Jerome Robinson Landry Shamets. All right, and Josh a Kogi All right, no Trey young no Luca Donchich alas But we've got a Landry Shamet going to the Sixer is for Rick All right now the whole point of this really is not the pack as you know That's just a little bonus if anything Steven down to Brian We want to give away those high-end mixer spots so you can get into that high-end mixer for a fraction of the price It's gonna be the top five After seven top five after seven one two three four five six and Seven and final time after seven top five Now from six on down my apologies Andrew down to Stephen K and everyone in between we'll get him next time That's another there's another opportunity to get in if you'd like top five is gonna be Billy Matthew Christopher Stephen and Matt Arnold Congrats to the five of you. You guys the mixer for a fraction of the price. Thanks for getting into it I'm Joe. I'll see you next time for the next break. Bye. Bye


Buongiorno a tutti, è un grande piacere di avere Liliana Rachea qui per la CMSP Colloquium. È un piacere bio sketch di Liliana, che ha la sua PhD in Università La Plata in Argentina. Dopo questo, si muoveva per postdocs, including a periodi di postdocs qui a CISA in Trieste. Ora, Liliana è professore all'Università San Martín in Buenos Aires, e si è stata appoggiata come professore di Numbolt, fra l'Università in Berlin, e si lavora con Max Planck. Liliana's work is in various areas of condensed matter, strongly correlated system, quantum transport and today she will talk about some topic in heat to work conversion in quantum regime. So please, thank you. Hello, thank you very much, Sara, and thank you for the introduction and also for the invitation. I really feel honored by this invitation. Although I have to say that I am not used to speak while being organizer of an activity, this is one of the few exceptions, but yeah, for this reason I am... Can someone... Yeah, yeah, here it goes. For this reason you will see that as there are several participants from our activity here, that I will make at several points of the talk, a sort of overview, and summary of those topics of our school and workshop which are related to the main topic of the talk, which is heat to work conversion in the quantum regime. So, yeah, as I said before, the context of this talk is in the middle of this activity, where we are having a series of lectures and talks on all these topics, which are very active topics nowadays. These are all listed there, quantum heat transport, quantum dissipation, quantum thermodynamics, quantum thermal machines, quantum thermoelectrics, quantum fluctuations, Maxwell-Demons, and Floquet engineering. And here are all the communities, at least I can identify four big communities, which are thinking and having ideas on all these topics. In several of them, several of them are closely related to the main topic of the colloquium. So, let me mention some, first some few examples, and then I'm going to go deeply to other cases which are closer to my area of research. The first thing that comes into our mind when we talk about heat to work conversion are these thermodynamic cycles that we all studied in textbooks in the school and also in general physics, in which we have some thermal machine operating, and also doing some mechanical work, and typically we have these two regimes where we invest work in order to extract heat from a cold reservoir and to inject it into the hot reservoir, or the other way around to use the heat flowing from the hot to the cold reservoir in order to generate work. And we can do it very slowly following these cycles, this is one of the famous cycles, but it turns out that these kind of problems are nowadays formulated in other very different systems. So here we see that we have, we talk about these reservoirs, these reservoirs are macroscopic systems, but not only the reservoirs, also the pistons, also the central pieces of the machine are also microscopic systems. But it turns out that nowadays people are doing mainly the experimentalists that are doing fantastic things with different fields, managed to do these kind of cycles with a single ion for instance. This is a slide from the lecture of Ferdinand Schmidt Keller from our school, and where he explained all the details to how to trap ions, just a single or a few ions, and to operate with optical means in order to produce something very close to this cycle I showed before. And there are plenty of questions in this case, so here instead of a piston, a macroscopic piston, we have a single ion, and instead of having a macroscopic reservoir, the reservoir, what plays the reservoir here are lasers, and so the devices are completely different and it's not so easy to translate the concepts, the usual concepts of thermodynamics to this context. And actually in addition to the lectures of Ferdinand, we had very animated discussions precisely today after the talk of Kuritski related precisely to this type of example. Another popular example that we know from general physics is this Maxwell demon, this Gedanken being invented by Maxwell, who is able to operate a small slide, a small window separating two gases in order to move to collect all the free particles in one side and the hot particles in the other side. And we also had a series of lectures and talks related on how to generate this scenario in small systems, and one example is this one, so this is from the slide of the lecture of Yucca Pecola, which is an experiment where this mechanism of the Maxwell demon is implemented in a small device, a small electronic device, so this is the typical size, and here electrons are confined and moved by means of applying the voltages, and something very similar to what happens in the case of the Maxwell demon can be implemented here. So there are still also questions on to what an extent the context is quantum system, so in the case of the atom of the ion, we have a single ion and a single ion is a quantum system, but there are also questions on the quantumness of the operational mode itself and this was addressed for instance today by Michele Campici where instead of using mechanical or classical mechanism to generate the cycle, one can rely on quantum measures, which is something which is purely quantum, measurement purely quantum mechanical measurement process in order to also exchange energy, I would say, between two systems in contact to hot and cold reservoirs. So these are the questions that are around, and then I move to another scenario, which is perhaps a clearer context where we have really heat to work conversion and this is the context of solid state physics of condensed matter where we have electrical heat to work a conversion. As an area, this is a label that receives the name of thermoelectricity and this is the thermoelectricity as explained in Wikipedia. So thermoelectricity as explained in Wikipedia is the possibility, is the effective conversion of a temperature difference into an electrical potential or vice versa and we can use it into operational modes, we can use the heat flow from the hot to a cold reservoir to generate an electrical current in an external circuit or, sorry, here, the heat from the hot to the cold to generate an electrical current or to use an electrical voltage in order to extract heat from a cold reservoir and in this way we refrigerate. So, formally speaking, it's quite easy to introduce the main ideas behind this. This was treated by Giuliano Benetti last week. We typically have the operational mode of this machine, it's the following, we have two reservoirs in which we apply a difference of temperature and a difference of chemical potential and in this way we have, this is a conductor here which enables charge flow along with heat flow. And of course here we have to obey some basic conservation laws. The first conservation law is the conservation of the charge so all the charge abandoning one reservoir should be injected in the other one and also a conservation of the energy. Given this and assuming that there is some linear response between the fluxes, so the fluxes, the relevant fluxes here are the heat fluxes and the electrical fluxes and the forces which generate the fluxes are named in thermodynamics affinities and these affinities are basically the difference of chemical potential and the difference of temperature so simply assuming that there is a linear relation between these two quantities and some basic constraints for these coefficients so these coefficients L receive the name of on-sagger coefficients for transport coefficients as these are linear so these coefficients depend on the equilibrium properties of the system and because of that they obey micro-reversibility which means that they obey this so-called on-sagger relation so given these constraints for these coefficients and given also the constraints that we have to obey the second law of thermodynamics this means that the net rate of entropy production in this system should be positive we find also some additional constructions for these coefficients and from there we can formulate some convenient expressions for the efficiency the efficiency is as any efficiency what we want to get divided what we have to invest in the case of a heat engine what we want to get is electrical power it is the numerator and in the denominator we have what we have to invest this is the heat flowing from the hot to the cold reservoir and in the case of a refrigerator is the other way around in both cases this efficiency is bounded by the Carnot efficiency and using the relations I mentioned in the previous slide we can very easily show that if we fix the difference of temperature this efficiency can be parameterized in this way we have here the Carnot efficiency and we have here some quantity which is a combination of the Disson-Sager coefficients and which receives the name of a figure of merit so this figure of merit is typically one of the quantities that people use to characterize the quality of the thermoelectrical device so this is a very nice review by Giuliano and Robert Whitney both the three of them participated here some of them are around where they precisely mentioned that in order to get a reasonable efficiency of the device we need this figure of merit to be at least three so as I didn't mention before that we can notice that the limit the ideal limit of the Carnot is achieved with this figure of merit goes to infinity so at least three gives some efficiency which is of the order of one third of Carnot efficiency so which is the status of the applications this is a new recent review of thermoelectricity and this is the status in the global context so we see here the power generated by different means we have here thermoionic and many other types of heat to work conversion and we have here temperature we see that the temperature goes up to very large numbers and we have here this figure of merit we can also appreciate that the less efficient process is precisely thermoelectricity any other are much better but still as it is a nice way to generate a very nice and clean way to generate electricity from waste heat for instance there is a strong interest to investigate and to find better and better materials which are more and more efficient and this is the status of the research so you see that as time evolves we have new materials which are pretty close to this ideal not ideal but acceptable number three this is a nice application in spite of the fact that it is not very efficient it is used because it is a clean mean it is very stable and it is used precisely in the space mission and this is precisely an example where the heat is produced by is produced by some not reaction so there is some isotope which is unstable and in this way heat is generated and this generated heat is precisely what is used to I didn't remember the name so the question is what happens if we go to so these examples are very macroscopic and let's come back to the subject of our school what happens when we go to the quantum regime so what is quantum so what do I mean by quantum what I mean by quantum are cases in which the electron propagates coherently so coherently means that propagates along some distances typical distances are some micrometers without experiencing an elastic scattering so as we know within the materials we don't have only the electrons the electrons have to live with the phonons and they always scatter with the phonons and this is the origin of the electrical resistance but as we go down to very low temperatures typically temperatures which are much smaller much lower than the one Kelvin these processes are very slow down so the phonons are not so active and if we work with devices which are actually of the typical size of the domestic devices that we have for instance in our computer we can achieve this regime where the electrons propagate coherently Importantly not any device has this nice property of thermal electricity in order to have thermal electricity we need this important ingredient that is the so called the particle hole symmetry breaking or the energy filtering this is because if we put one electron reservoir close to and we connect it to another electron reservoir at a lower temperature and if these reservoirs are of free electrons we have electrons which flow from this left to from the hot to the right to the cold part but as they are hotter we also have a counter flow of electrons that try to occupy the empty places left here and the net effect is that we have two reservoirs at different temperatures but we don't have a net a net particle flow a net charge flow so if we put some filter here we can somehow avoid some of this counter flow and in this way we can get a thermal electricity so the device must have this important ingredient and interestingly in the coherent transport regime all the information about this energy filtering is encoded in some function here which has the name of the transmission function so you see here I have the relation between the fluxes the heat and the charge flux and the affinities we have here these else are the transport coefficients and these transport coefficients in the coherent regime are expressed in this simple way so this is the derivative of the Fermi function this is a simple integral this is the temperature and all the information of the device is encoded here so we have to engineer the device in order to have some appropriate transmission function in the coherent regime in order to achieve some good thermal electric performance so these are the typical names that are given to the transport coefficients the diagonal ones are related to the electrical conductance and the thermal conductance and the off diagonal ones in this I am talking about this matrix here this L hat is a matrix so the off diagonal ones are precisely the ones which produce the thermal electricity and receive the name of Peltier and Sivec coefficients some fundamental bounds that these coefficients obey in the coherent transport are the following the maximum conductance that we can get for a channel for a given channel corresponds to this quantum of thermal conductance this is the electron charge so this is a quantity that depends on a fundamental quantities and the same something similar happens with the thermal conductance except for the fact that we have here T the temperature but all the other coefficients in front of the temperature are a fundamental constants in many cases but not always it is obeyed this so called Wiedermann Franz law and importantly one of the one can show that in order to achieve a good thermal electric response or thermal electric response we have to somehow also violate this law so this is usually the case of the quantum dots the quantum dots were explained how to construct them by the lectures of Lawrence Molenkamp they are typically constructed in sandwiches of these semiconducting structures those semiconducting structures which host there two dimensional electron gas in order to move to this pointer some two dimensional electron gas that the experimentalist managed to operate with gates so these gates are built with nanolithography so this is a device that typically has the size of one micron and with these gates they can make operations so they can find in this small part the electrons here this small part behaves like a sort of atom so with discrete levels which are operated by these gates and are also the currents generated so this plays the role of the reservoir so this leads here play the role of the reservoir I showed in the sketch before these quantum dots devices are precisely the typical devices that show thermoelectricity why because they have as I said before a set of discrete levels these discrete levels play very well the role of energy filters in this way enable the thermoelectric mechanism so this is a I borrowed this from the talk of Heinerlinke today or yesterday I don't remember already yesterday and this is another case another quantum dot also from this from the talk of Clemens were in addition of these discrete levels here they play with the electrons the effect of the electron-electron interactions and the effect of the electron-electron interactions is precisely a way to generate the so-called condo effect this is a strongly correlated state in which violates the Biedermann-Franc's law I mentioned before so this is some theoretical and experimental references and I also would like to mention this one by Misha here with the related idea I think that also the talk by Fabio Tadei is related to this idea but there are other systems which are also very interesting which contain quantum dots but they are slightly different and these are the edge states of topological insulators and these are states which are paradigmatic regarding the quantum coherence so the first example of the topological insulator is the quantum hole effect which was discovered by von Klitzing and several novel prices were related precisely to the fascinating physical features of this phenomenon it is a state that we obtain when we place the same quantum dot in a strong magnetic field in the presence of a strong magnetic field we know that even in the usual non-quantum case we have some cross voltage here the so called hole voltage but the peculiarity of the quantum regime and this is an effect that takes place at very low temperatures typically 300 millikelvin or lower is that for the hole resistance so the hole resistance is associated to the hole voltage the hole resistance instead of following this straight line presents these steps and these steps are very precise at some specific positions that are identified with the integer numbers or some special fractions the integer are the ones referred to, named the integer quantum hole effect and the fractional, the fractions correspond to the fractional quantum hole effect so these steps are so precise at some numbers precise numbers of this unit that this is used in metrology to define the unit of the electrical resistance and this can be understood so the understanding of this phenomenon is quite easy for the integer case is quite easy quantum mechanical problem we just have to solve the Hamiltonian of two dimensional electron gas in the presence of a strong magnetic field and we will find that the structure of levels for this system has this lambda level structure but as the system has boundaries as this is a topological state this system has also edge states and these edge states are very peculiar and very nice so the electrons in these edge states propagate chirally and because of that they are strongly robust and protected because there is no way to find some impurity and to back scattering and to move in the other direction and the fractional quantum hole is a much more complicated problem because here also play the role the many body interactions so the electron-electron interactions in addition to the strong magnetic field and the result is quite complicated but also very interesting state precisely in the case of these fractions that received the name of Laughlin state this was solved and understood by Laughlin mainly and he got the Nobel Prize because of that and this state also has edge states but here as a result of the strong electron-electron interactions the electrons live in a collective state so they don't behave they behave like a collective quasi-particles which don't obey a fermionic neither a fermionic nor a bosonic statistics they obey a so-called anionic statistics because of that this state is also very interesting in relation to the possibility of implementing topological quantum computing and it also has a host edge states in which the propagation is chiral but the quantities that propagates of the description here is a chiral propagation of bosons rather than fermions ok, we have very nice talk by Christian Gladley who is an expert on the quantum hall he is an experimentalist and he showed that with these edge states and producing here constructing here constructions it is possible to mimic to construct systems which mimic optical interferometers so they are really very interesting systems and he showed some recent results precisely verifying the fact that in this fractional feelings the quasi-particles behave as if having some fractional charge so this one-third for instance on two or two five so electrical transport in quantum hall has been studied for some years now since it was discovered there are still plenty of interesting things to unveil but thermal transport is rather new so to measure thermal transport in these small devices is quite challenging Nevertheless, in the recent time some time ago it started to appear some experiments in this direction this is one that I will say the first example where it was shown that not only the electrons not only the charge but also the heat propagates chirally here and in this this is a very nice experiment where it was proved that in one of these constructions of the quantum hole of the integer quantum hole effect it is possible to measure exactly this quantum of thermal conductance I mentioned at the beginning and this was recently also repeated in the fractional case This is another experiment devoted to study in some other fractional case heat transport so far only heat not no thermal electricity but actually so far no experiments at all on thermal electricity in the quantum hole but there are several theoretical proposals that are listed here these are more or less recent papers several of them in the integer but some of them in the fractional as well so let me very briefly tell you our work which was published last year where we showed that the charge fractionalization can be used to improve the thermal electric performance precisely by records of this thanks to this the violation of the Biedermann-Franc's law I mentioned before so this is the device so this is a gedanken experiment this is the device that we consider we have two fractions fractional states here and are connected by records to constructions through quantum point contacts through a quantum dot so we have this quantum dot which makes the place a role of a filter so this can also be constructed in this quantum hole structures and the idea here is that we have these electrons living in these collective states on this side also on this side but when they jump to the quantum dot they have to convert from this collective state to a true electron and this is the process this conversion is precisely the process which helps to break this Biedermann-Franc's law and can be used for thermal electricity this is just to show you that we solve equations I am not going to explain to you how we solve them but we write Hamiltonians for each of these parts and we solve them with the Keldish non-equilibrium green function techniques I am not going to provide any details about that I just tell you the result so this as I said before the process that generates thermal electricity is the breaking of the Biedermann-Franc's law unlike the picture I show at the beginning that holds for single electron systems where you have this filter and you have these electrons that leave some holes simply in this case when some of these some electron jumps into the quantum dot has to collect all the fractional quasi particles that are associated to it and in doing so it generates a sort of tsunami at the level of the energy and in this way the Biedermann-Franc's law is broken and this can be used for thermal electricity and the nice thing is that we can show and these are just some plots this is the Siebert coefficient that this fractionalization helps to enhance thermal electricity and this is the result for the integer and these are the results for the fractional and we see that this Siebert coefficient increases and so is the case of the figure of merit so these are some estimates taking into account on this process there is also room to investigate thermal electricity in a quantum spin hole so in other topological insulators an example is this quantum spin hole nanostructures they were this is the first paper in which this material was shown that to be in the topological state with the peculiarity of hosting now H states which are not only chiral but they now also have spin so it is interesting because one of the H states are electrons which propagate in one direction with the given spin orientation and the other direction with the opposite spin orientation and this was also the subject of some talks here in our activity again there are some some theoretical proposals to generate thermal electricity in these setups in different configurations with the constrictions that generate interference to have some cross effects applying here difference of temperature different of potential to consider non linear effects so there are plenty of things they are also quite creative because you can also play with the role of spin where you have you can put in addition considering in addition not only an energy filter also some magnetic field it is possible to filter the spin and to for instance cool one side rather than more than the other and so on there is room to very creative devices and operational modes but I would like to very briefly this setup which is really very simple and it is the following we have the H states here in contact to magnets and we applied at these parts the difference of chemical potential the difference of temperature and this is the Hamiltonian so for those who are from high energy physics can read here the one dimensional Dirac Hamiltonian with the mass there and this was also mentioned in our school there is this already old proposal where it was shown that the optimal thermal electricity which would correspond to this infinite figure of merit could be achieved when the transmission function has exactly the behavior of a delta function or something closer to it so it's closer it's close to a Carnot but it doesn't achieve a Carnot and there is also this paper by Robert Whitney here somewhere where he showed that in order to get maximum power maximum electrical power from these devices you need some transmission function which has this shape the shape of a delta of a heavy side step function and this is the bound for the maximum power you can extract for a given channel and you achieve this when you get this form for the transmission function and this is the transmission function that we get in this simple setup so we see that we have here because the mass term because the coupling to the magnetic moments opens a gap in the spectrum we have here something which has an envelope a heavy side function of course in addition to other oscillations but it's important that the envelope is this heavy side function and because of that we get as a result some power which is very close to the optimal bound which can be achieved and Daniel is presented already a poster almost I think more interesting is the following that if instead of considering just one magnetic moment we consider two magnetic moments with different orientations like this configuration we have a realization of the so-called Jackie Revy model in which corresponds to Dirac Hamiltonian with mass having a change of sign in space as we move we have some mass term which changes sign here in the magnetic domain and this model is known to have a zero mode which has also a topological origin so we have here a states of a topological insulator this device as a whole also hosts some zero mode which is topological in origin and this is very this zero mode is strongly localized and because of that produces this delta function like peak which of course is not exactly a delta function because the magnetic moment has some finite length and it has some finite width and this is very good to get a very high figure of a magnet so this is the results in two minutes I just mentioned the possibility of introducing a dynamical effects the first slide I showed was a sterling machine where we had in addition this time dependent this periodic device to play with the work and now the way to generalize the thermoelectric treatment in linear response in order to include this dynamical effect is by means of doing some linear response adiabatic expansion which this is our work but it's very close to I mean it's basically a generalization of what Juan explained in the lectures and there are other ways of looking at it for instance by Anatoly Polkovnikov and also Chanin in her talks also there is some work by Michele Kampisi and Peter Henghi and I showed you the sketch of the formalism in a while but the idea here is that we have reservoirs where you can put difference of chemical potential difference of temperature but in addition you have the possibility of exchange work with the ascent which makes this cyclic perturbation and the way is precisely this to consider the evolution operator in quantum mechanics treated in this way as a frozen contribution plus some correction this is what we call the adiabatic correction which is proportional to the rate of change of the time dependent parameters of the Hamiltonian so the name adiabatic is because we are assuming that the rate of change is very slow this velocity is very slow and because of that we do a linear expansion in this velocity well, we are using right now just to mention this framework to analyze these thermal machines from a geometric perspective this is a work which was presented in posters by Vivec and Pablo who are around and it is quite interesting because we can introduce the geometrical concept so this adiabatic movement can be expressed in this geometrical path in the parameter space which allows a characterization in terms of metrics and carbatures and so on which is I think quite interesting so this is all I wanted to tell you just I would like to acknowledge and thank the collaborations with my PhD students Daniel and Pablo are around Lionel is in Buenos Aires Mariano is an experimentalist so we are also doing some experimental work in relation to the quantum Bay Hall effect and we are also collaborating with the PISA group and the students there Gianmichele Blasi and Vivec who is also around and also ex students and postdoc Florencia Ludovico was also around in blue are all the experimentalists there are some in Buenos Aires and we are also collaborating with the people from colleagues from Max Planck Stuttgart and PTH and the other colleagues from Bariloche, Argentina Eduardo Fradkin, David who was around, Rosa who was last week Misha Moscales from Ukraine Alessandro Fabio around Matteo from PISA, Saro and Felix von Oppen from Berlin so thank you very much Thank you, so questions so I can start with a question so about the topological zero moment it's not really important it's topological do you really want to have just about say the zero energy right or not? I think it's important because if it is topological you can argue that it's robust against some perturbations and I think this is what this So you want it to be stick that at the Fermi energy at the zero energy no no you don't so if you have other orientations of the magnetic moment you can move it from the zero energy but yes Ok With your suggestion about speak all device would non linear effects in terraria acousticity change towards you exceed up about or other way around how would it work? Well, non linear may be complicated to treat because maybe so here we are assuming that we are having a very weak contact between the two edge states but if you move away from the non linear you put a strong difference voltage difference for instance you can move to some other fixed point where your two edges get in touch so all the behavior can change drastically so here I could eventually play and I think that including non linearities but within still small voltage differences it could eventually improve With both but any of them if you increase it a lot you can move to another fixed point and your edge state start to behave completely differently So a general question in the field you showed the enhancement for the thermoelectric effect as the ZT parameter the question is are those results all at low cryogenic temperatures or are there any at the No no, these are all at low cryogenic temperatures Then the question is how do you feel about finding where the field is going and the possibility of finding this at higher temperatures Well, all these effects so it's impossible to get a quantum hole so these are these are basic this is basic research I'm not thinking on these two for applications Perhaps the only application that you can think about this is precisely in lab machine in lab that you are so it's very challenging to go to very low temperatures in lab so if in your device you have something that thermoelectrically helps to cool it's something interesting but of course you don't even have a quantum hole at high temperatures in order to get the effect you must go below one Kelvin so all this is cryogenic in addition when you introduce the effect of temperature the phonons as it was said many times during our activity phonons start to play an important role and plenty of these nice features are destroyed Let's start talking about Maxwell-Demond which is the fact that if you observe microscopic state then you can extract some work now this is in the no no but it wasn't it's not the Maxwell-Demond was mainly I mean if you make a measurement then this allows you to I mean like in classical example in the Zillard engine so what happens in the quantum domain does quantum in the quantum domain can you violate these classical relations or well so I'm not the expert in this field perhaps some of my colleagues can answer better than me but I roughly speaking I said that all these experiments and all these proposals are basically classical so the context is quantum because you are in this experiment by Pecola for instance so today we had a very long discussion about the quantumness of all these effects which I think is very interesting but it was at the very beginning sorry this experiment for example you have a quantum context but the process itself is quite classical so the electrons here you have electrons which are trapped one by one but they also are moved one by one so it's at the end you don't have any quantum effects playing a role in the demon mechanism itself we also had another talk today with the conclusion so I don't know if there are realizations of this Maxwell demon which are really quantum so thanks a lot Juliana


Hi friends, welcome back to my channel and happy Friday. I am sitting outside of my WW workshop.  I wanted to fill you guys in on this last week So I ended up not doing the Wendy plan this last week was extremely Difficult extremely busy like I've mentioned. I have a lot of things going on in my personal life So this last week kind of everything came to a head lots of changes transpired over the week So it was definitely definitely a rough rough week No way I could have done the Wendy plan and really I wasn't on plan a lot of the week to be completely honest with you I had some good days and I had some bad days, but overall it wasn't that great of a week Unfortunately, so I don't know what's gonna happen on the scale. I Don't know. I'm hoping that I don't gain I'd be happy maintaining so we'll just see kind of what what happens This is one of those weeks where life just throws everything at you and no matter what you do You can't seem to catch a break. That's kind of how I felt this week. So My eating and my plan kind of got put on the back burner I know that it's no excuse and I get that This is a lifestyle not just a diet for me, which we all you know, I've preached that but sometimes life just gets in the way and That's what happened this last week. So I'm hoping that this next week. Actually, I know this next week I'll be on track my girlfriend's here. We have our menu planned out. She also does ww where she lives So we've got everything planned out and we should be good to go for this upcoming week It's just this last week was a bit of a struggle So we'll see what happens when I hop on the scale good news about this last week as I did walk four days I got a ton of steps almost every day of the week between walking and just doing things around the house So yeah, I'm grateful for that the exercise went really well The food needed a little bit of work. So this next week should be much much better. I am feeling kind of Blah, you know a little bit bloated which I'm sure is because of just some of the food choices that I made so again I'm moving on to a new week, but let's see what happens when I step on the scale So I'll be back to give you and not only a recap of this week's workshop But let you know what happened when I stepped on the scale. So I'll see you guys Hey guys, I'm out of my ww workshop and I am at Starbucks now with my girlfriend I'm actually going to go and upload this video really quick before we head out to do our hike So I'm turning my car off. So we went to ww Okay, once again, and you guys know I say this all the time Ww was on point with their topic because as you know I mentioned before I went in that I had a little bit of a struggle this last week Not so much with the activity that was really good But with the food so ww's topic this week was turning it around how to turn around Something negative in your journey to something positive in your journey So they want to share with you some tips and tricks on how to turn around not only your attitude Your mindset and your journey in general So what do you do when you see a game on the scale besides get upset? What do you do to turn that around to make it so that next week you don't have the game on the scale?  So it's best that you just say to yourself I'm gonna guarantee commit myself to tracking my next two meals to honestly Tracking my next two meals. I'm gonna make sure that what I eat for the next two meals is put into my tracker honestly To the penny to the point That's the first step in turning around any type of gain or negative vibe from the scale Next is amp up your activity. So I've been walking four days a week. So that's great But what about upping the intensity of my walks? Maybe doing a route that includes some more hills if you're lifting weights at the gym Maybe upping your weights if you're doing cardio at the gym, maybe upping the intensity You can also up the time that you're doing an activity So if you are a 30 minute a day walker bump it up to 35 minutes 40 minutes 45 minutes Whatever time permits for you during the day It's best when you want to kind of turn things around on the scale is bump up your activity level Whether it's the intensity or the time burn some extra calories gets you in better shape And it should help turn around the results on the scale as well next self reflect This is huge you guys ask yourself. What did I learn from the game on the scale? What did I do wrong this last week that I can learn from that can help me next week? So I don't have a gain on the scale So really self reflect and think about what you did that caused you to be where you are and whatever those things are Change them if you can't change all of them change a few of them That's where it goes back to tracking your next two meals Bumping up your activity a little bit make small changes that can make a big impact on the scale the next time that you weigh in And number four and probably the most important Attend your workshop. Don't skip your workshop. Don't skip your weigh-in Don't stay in bed instead of going to your workshop because you know that you may not have positive results on the scale It is so incredibly important to go to your workshop Like I've said a thousand times the topic at the workshop always resonates with me I I'm always glad that I went to the workshop. I always learn something it always kind of jump starts my Excitement about the program it jump starts my mindset and like I've said as well Sometimes you need the workshop and sometimes the workshop needs you so on those weeks that you're struggling on those weeks that you gain That's when you need the workshop So don't skip the workshop go go go Learn and set yourself up for success by giving yourself that boost in your mindset at your workshop It is such a wonderful loving giving place. Don't skip it So essentially you're creating an action plan for the next week You're not only working on your mindset.  You're basically setting yourself up for success You're creating an action plan that will lead you to having a successful week That will then lead you to having a successful weigh-in So I am taking my own advice you guys and that is what I am doing this week So today is the day that I will be using my weeklies. It's Friday We are having a little get-together at my house tonight, but I'm still going to be mindful of what I'm eating I'm not going to go crazy. I'm really going to stay within my weeklies and my dailies so that I Have shifted my mindset and turned around things on the scale for this next week So that's the importance of going to the workshop as well. It just really helps change things into a positive light for you So speaking of the workshop, let's move into this week's weigh-in. So when I stepped on this scale, I was Happy but not. I actually stayed exactly the same this week. I didn't lose. I didn't gain Yes, that's a good thing that I didn't gain considering My eating or some of my eating this last week, but it's not good because I'm not on this journey to maintain I'm on this journey to lose weight So this is where I need to turn things around for myself and really think about what I did this last week That caused me to maintain. I can tell you it wasn't my activity I feel like I did really well on my activity. Although I am gonna be upping that I'm gonna be going on several hikes this weekend Which is definitely upping my activity. I'm gonna continue to walk I may bump up the time a little bit take an extra route Part of my route may be a few extra blocks get in a few extra steps every day, but my problem honestly was food I did not make the best food choices. I was really hungry this last week like I've mentioned There's a lot going on in my life a lot of changes that started this last week good changes It's just changes. So it's stressful my mind wasn't focused a hundred percent on my pro my program my journey Which it should have been that should never derail you from your journey But we're human beings and sometimes the things that happen in our life derail us from our journey And that's what happened to me this last week, but it is a new week It is Friday and I am on track. I am so excited for this upcoming week I I feel it I feel it in my soul that I'm gonna have a good way in next week So I'm going to continue on happily this week and I'm probably gonna give the Wendy plan another shot And it may be next week just a little tough with my girlfriend here It's hard for me to really be cognizant and be Directly on the points. I need to be on the Wendy plan. So maybe next week I will incorporate back in the Wendy plan, but I'm I'm happy with my mindset. I feel good I feel like I'm in a positive frame of mind moving forward this next week So that I don't have a gain or see another maintain on the scale So I'm going to include the recipe on the back of the weekly here at the end of the video You guys seem to like that and this recipe actually looks really good So I want to hear how your guys's week went was your week what you thought if it wasn't are you ready to turn it around? And shift things this week to make it a good week. Did you gain? Did you lose? How do you feel about your last week if you're new to my channel? I'd like to extend a huge warm welcome welcome to my YouTube friends and family It is such a wonderful wonderful place to be on your journey. We are here to help you and support one another It's a positive happy place Which is exactly what you need to turn things around and be in a positive mindset on your journey Make sure you hit that little notification bell that way you're notified every time I upload Thumbs up this video again comment down below. Let me know how your week went. Thank you guys for watching Thank you for always being my cheerleaders Let's kick this next week in the butt. See you in the next one.


A lot of birds and pollinators are totally dependent upon the habitat and the plants of the native prairies. And if one in three bites of food that we eat is dependent upon pollinators, it's important to all of us. So what are we going to do about it? I think we need to just get real serious real fast. The plants are healthy, the animals are healthy, the water is clean, it's beautiful. I don't think we'd be here without it.