Hello everyone! Hi! Happy Sunday! Welcome to VCSK Fitness. I'm Vivian Fonseca and I'm Sara Brown. Okay, so before we started, we are talking, we are announcing all the week about the prize. The winner you're gonna receive a pair of its key will be announcing at 12 o'clock. Aha! So 12 o'clock on Facebook and at this brigham, you can check the winner. So don't miss it. You're opportunity to have a pair of its key. Okay Kara, please give me your a little bit more explanation about the technique, its key technique, what you are doing today. Please. Okay, so today we are going to be doing something that you might not expect for skiing workout, but we are going to be doing some upper body stuff, which I know sounds crazy because you ski down the hill on your legs, but trust me with this one, it is super important that you keep your upper body balanced with your lower body when you're skiing because it's all well and great that now your legs are super strong and you've been doing all our workouts and your balance and coordination is great, but you've got to make sure your upper body balances out with that too. And all of this actually ties into what we've been building up to over the past few weeks. So if you look back on our previous sessions, you'll remember that we talked about our ankles, our knees, our hips, and then we did a little bit of strength. And then we spoke about our core. So you'll see that we're working our way up the body. And now we finally reach the top of the body. And Vivian's going to explain to you why all these things are connected and why they are so important. Yes. So before we started, I know what she's holding her hands. So this is, I mean, this is a broom, if you'd like to know. I just attached the broom here, this part of the broom. And then you will literally, what you would need is a stick, okay? So I am using a broom. If you have some stick, Kara, she's the professional one. She used like a little bit there. Excuse me. I've got my ski poles. So if you guys have ski poles, that'll work. So you see? Broom is ski pole. So if you are like me at home with a broom, it's fine. It's gonna work, okay? I don't even have any broom like mop, something else, but something that you'll be the same weight both sides. So you have to detach one side to be the same both sides, okay? So while I'm talking about this, just go there, find something quick and come back here in front of the screen to start our session. So today we are talking about the per body, lower body, how everything connects together and we go for our warm-up. I'll give you more 30 seconds for you while you are looking for something at your home or the place you are doing this workout. I've just opened my screen. Kara, she's the other side and I'm here. You'll see. The internet is amazing this time. Okay, so let's go for it. So did you get something? Your stick here. Tristyle, we do like some warm-up and the warm-up, I wanted that to use your stick, okay? As I said, nothing one side more like here or the other side the same thing for both sides, okay?  Yes, and then go from one side to the other side and go in the middle.  Okay, ready? Let's go. One and two and three. Don't move your trunk. Let's start to coordinate your core with your upper body, okay? And up and up and five and four and three and two and one. Okay, rotation. So move one side, both arms totally extended, one side middle, other side rotation. Attention to your hips. You don't move your hips, just upper body. Keep your body straight and strong. Rotation and five and four and three and two and one. Again, inhale exhaling. One and two and three and four and five and six and seven and eight and nine. One more big, big movement. Okay, now you have to move to the side, like going down one side up, other side up. Bend a little bit your knees. Don't keep your legs straight. Bend knees, bend side and five and four and three and two and one. Okay, now hands on the front. Let's start it. So relax your shoulders first. Why lower body, upper body together here? Attention to have better performance. Lower body, upper body needs to coordinate here, okay, to be coordinated in the center of the link of two parts of your body is your core, okay? So feel to have better performance when you're going all the way down on the mountain. You have to coordinate while you're doing upper body with your lower body. So pay attention here. Now, let's work in our coordination, core strength and a little bit our upper body strength, okay? Because when you stay in the position, you'll see we start to feel your shoulders burning. So hands apart the same distance as your shoulders. Stay here. Now let's go for ski position, second level in, shoulders back and down. You are here, okay? Attention. So upper body, lower body connected. You are here straight and strong. Your lower body in ski position, your legs in ski position, your core engaged. Stay here. Don't move.  You don't move lower body and back here. Again, breathe out. Everything you do when you're contracting your muscles, you have to breathe out. And five, don't squeeze your shoulders. Open your chest. And three. And two. And one more. Well done. Stay here. Hands here, totally straight, okay? Arms straight, thumbs pointing in. You have now to use lower body with upper body together.  You have to touch your knee on your stick. Three, two, one. One, two, three, four, five, half or half, six, seven, eight, nine, 10. Now let's try to keep our hands here. The challenge is to move your knee higher. Don't move your upper body here, okay? And it's a matric position.  Second level here. Let's go. One, two, three. Attention to your hips. Keep the same position. Five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10. Stay here. Now we're going squat position all the way down. When you go up, you have to extend your arms together. Inhale, exhaling. Inhale, exhaling. Inhale, exhaling. Inhale, exhaling. And four, press on your heels. And two, arms totally straight. And one, okay? Stay here in squat position. Now we will start to do rotation, okay? So now we go in diagonal. Pay attention here. One, back in the center. Two, you don't move your hips. You don't move your legs. Stay in squat position.  Rotate to the side. Up. Rotate. You're using your core. You're using your shoulders. You're using your legs to keep supporting all your body weight. Five, up. Four, up. Three, up. Two, up. One, up. Stay here. Don't move. Now, attention. Can you see my heels? Now let's go on your toes. Lift your heels off the floor and back. Stay here in the position. Two, body alignment. You have to stay in the position to keep your body alignment, to work on your posture. Up and back. Breathe out. Breathe in. Five, four, three, two, one. Well done. Relax. Could you feel a little bit your shoulders? Could you feel a little bit? Yeah, definitely. Okay, perfect. So what happened here? We are using upper body and lower body. Sometimes lower body, just in symmetric position, just contracting. Sometimes lower body is symmetric when you just stay contracting like still. The other part is doing the movement, but both sides are doing some work here. Okay? So what do I have to do now? Attention. I will do on my side for you to understand here. We have to step back in the same time, extend your arm. Okay? This exercise is for body alignment to improve your posture, connect your core, and have better shoulder mobility when you're moving your arm up in the same time, coordinating with lower body. Okay? Ready? Yes, a lot of things in one movement. And three, relax this way. Hands the same distance as our shoulders. Okay, here. Five, four, three, two, one. Just let leg go back and just step forward to the beginning here, like in parallel. Okay? And three, and two, and one. Let's go. One, back here. The same sides. Two, don't change your leg. And three, and four, pressure on your heel is on the floor.  And four more, and three, and two, and one. Other side the same way. Ready? Go. One, and two, and three, and four, and five, and six. Attention to your posture. Seven, eight. Extend your arms. Nine, and ten. Well done. Attention. What do you have to do? Hands here. Open a little bit more here. Okay, wider. What do you have to do? You have to go down one side, up, extend on the top. Okay? So hands like a part. We have to work in rotation. This is the center of power when you have to link upper, lower together. So let's do rotation. It's very important. And let's work a little bit our shoulders mobility here. Okay? Three, two, one. One, up. Two, up. Squat. And lift it up. Squat. Breathe out. Breathe out. Arms totally straight, strong. And four, three, two, one more. Last one. Let's do a little bit more faster. Ready? And three, and two, and one. Let's go. One, up. Two, up. Inhale, exhale. Down, up. Down, up. Go deeper with your hands. Keep your arms straight, strong. Breathe out. Heaps back. Press on your heels. Rotate your trunk. Don't move your hips. And five, and four, and three, and two, and one. Okay? Stay here. Hands above your head. Attention, everyone. Now you have to do two exercises here, okay? Two movements. The first one is you have to step back and come back here. Easy. The second one, stay here. Your knee go to the side. Point it to the side. Lift your knee up and back here. Okay? So you do 10. Back, 10 to the side. Three, two, one. Let's go. One, the same side. Two, body alignment. Three, four. You don't need to go all the way down with your knee. Five, four, three, two, one. Now, attention. Let's activate our core. Yes, let's go. One, two. Don't move your hips. Three, extend your arms. Open your chest. Up, up, up. Back to the center. Up, up. Lift your knee up, up. Other side. Ready? Step backwards. Let's go. Langes. One, but don't go all the way down. Two, hands up. Four. Don't give up. Five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10. Okay. To the side. One, two, three. Don't move your hands. Four. Straight, strong. Five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10. Well done, everyone. Relax your shoulders. Let's go. Floor. I'll just push my camera down. Let's go to the floor. Are you okay? Everybody okay? Are you okay, Kara? Surviving. Okay, so let's go to the floor. I didn't tell you before, but if you have some thought or something close to you, or Matt, perfect too. When you sit on the floor, because we have to sit and have to lay down, okay? Attention, everyone. Legs apart. Shoulders back and down. We have to work in our shoulder mobility, our posture, core strength, everything together, okay? So, hands apart. More than wider than your shoulders at the distance here, okay? Poster, sit on your hips, bones this way. Lift your arms up, up, up, up. I'm just going backwards for you to see my hands, to watch my hands. Extend. Open your chest.  Attention, you cannot feel your pain on your lower back, okay? You have to stay here, but you have to feel just activating core and your shoulders here with your hands on the top. Stay here. Slowly, you have to extend your right leg or your left. Go down, touch, and back here. Touch your leg, back here. You don't move more your trunk. You have just to move your arms in your legs. Ten, back here. Nine, posture. Open your chest. Eight, seven, six, breathe out. Five, four, shoulders down. Three, two, one. Stay here. Now, you have to go to the side, rotate to one side and back in the center. Other side, back in the center. One side, center. Hold your stick. Other side, center. Ten, nine, eight. If it's easy, you can go a little bit lower with your your trunk, okay? In your hips, on the floor. Heels on the floor. Two more. One more. Well done. Stay here. Attention, now you have to do what? You have to go. Now, on your side, rotating, but on your side, we have to touch one side of your stick on the floor, back in the center. Other side on the floor, back in the center. You don't go forward, okay? You keep the same alignment. One side, back in the center. If it's easy, you just need to lay back. Side, center. Side, center. Five, and four, and three, and two, and one. Now, move your shoulders down. Hands in the same line with your chest. Lift a little bit your trunk. Stay here. Extend your right leg. Now we have to activate core leg and keep and shoulder stability all the time here, okay? Let's go. Lift your leg up and back. Two and back. Three and back. Four and back. Five and back. Six and back. Seven and back. Eight. Back. Nine. Arm extended. One more. Okay. Other side. One, two. Don't move your trunk. Three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten. Well done, everyone. Lay down on your back. Let's go now for something a little bit more challenging for your rotation. Coordination, okay? When you work on your core, leg, and upper body all together, okay? So basically, you put your hands above your head here. Extend both legs. You have to move your legs. The first one is these, okay? Just straight all. Everything together and extend. Breathe out. Breathe in. Breathe out. Breathe in. Breathe out. Breathe in. Four. Four and three and two and one. Okay. Stay here. Now let's move our arms on the side in rotation, okay? So you try to go all the way on the side or touch your stick on your foot and back here. One side, eight score. Each coordination is about body alignment, okay? Put your body alignment. Three and four and five. Breathe out. Out. Out. Eight. Nine. Ten. Okay, stay here. Keep your arms completely straight, strong here. Core coordination, body alignment, one more exercise, okay? So basically, yes, you have to move both legs, touch the floor. Attation. If you have your core very weak, you have to go one side or the leg, okay? One leg after that you move your second leg.  So stay here. Arms are straight, strong. Middle, other side. It's very difficult, trust me. Up, other side. Don't move your arms. Up, other side. Up, other side. Up, rotation. Both knees together. Up, other side. Go, go, go, go, other side. Touch. Both knees together. Two more. Go, go, go, go, go. Hands on the top. Go, go, go, go, go. One more. Go, go, go, go, go, go, go. And the last one, perfect. Extend your arms, your legs. Big stretching. Attention to finish. If you have your core is not strong enough, don't do full movement, okay? You just do halfway, just do this all. But if you can, if you are like stronger, you're working your core longer, you have a long time. You have to do this all. Hands apart, a little bit wider than your shoulders. You have to inhale. When you exhale, everything together up. Go.  Ready? Extend. Just down to finish. Ready? Three, two, one. One. Extend. Two. Extend. Three. Arms above your head. Four. Five. Attention. If it's difficult for you, just go halfway. Okay? Three more. Two more. The last one. Well done. Okay, so let's stretch, kind of stretch. After that, more like tips for you with kind of ground. Okay, stick on the side. Let's stretch. So hold your knees. Relax. Attention for upper body in our workout. Extend the right leg. Hold your left. Now you hold your left. If you extend the right, hold with your right hand your left knee. The other hand or other arm extended. Okay? Crossing all. One leg. Extend. One arm extended. So I was explaining to you before our workout. Upper body, like shoulders, mobility, everything, we use like a big strap, okay? Elastic band. So because today we have to improvise and do something more different just for everybody can enjoy because I know you don't have everybody here elastic band the last minute.  Okay? So you can use your one stick and cross over hand on the side. You can use your ski pole. Right? Kara? Yeah. Yeah, I was using a slalom pole. It's because we're at a slalom race tomorrow. So we have the poles here. Other one. Hold it. So now you have to hold the other hand with opposite leg and extend cross. Today was just a little example about posture, body alignment, about how you coordinate upper body, lower body together with your core connecting both parts of your body. So if you go to our workout, you can see like full workout with a lot of movements just to improve your coordination, instability, your alignment for you to have better performance because your body work in connection. Nothing you do with your lower body or upper body is alone. You have to use both both sides coordinated to have your movement, like your perfect movement. Okay? So both sides more coordination between both parts, better improvement. And turn over, sit on your heels and child pose. I know a lot of people here, they didn't have an idea of upper body for ski. Yes. More coordination between both parts, upper body lower body with your core connecting in the middle. Your core is the center of your power. Your performance, you'll be completely different, right, Kara? Exactly. Okay, back. Just sit, big stretching here. Go from one side, other side, in the middle and roll your shoulders back and down. Okay, Kara is with you now. So thank you very much Vivian for that workout. I was definitely feeling my shoulders burning, so I hope you guys were too. So as you saw, I was doing the workout with the ski pole and I was feeling the burn in my shoulders. So you can imagine that even though your leg, you might be feeling your legs more, actually when you're skiing around, just the weight of holding, your poles and your hands is working your shoulder muscles. And if any of you have done ski lessons before, then one of the things that the instructor will have kept saying to you is, keep your hands up, keep your hands up. They want you to ski with your hands here, right? Not with your hands here. So it's really important we have the strength to keep them here. Now, if you're wondering, why does my instructor keep telling me to keep my hands up? Well, hopefully he's actually explained to you why you're doing that. But if he hasn't, the reason is really simple.  Okay, weight is through the center forward part of my foot and I'm in a good skiing stance. Whereas as soon as my arms drop down, what you'll find is that your weight immediately drops to your hips and drops backwards. So that is why they always tell you to keep your hands up. And if you watch racers skiing and other good skiers, you'll find that they ski with their hands here. They might be a bit all over the place, but they're always in front of them. They're never down below their hips. So, yes, that is your skiing tip for upper body. Yeah. So just is a little bit like is a curiosity for everyone is just have a look, not just ski, all the sports you are staying, you will have to move like you have to coordinate upper body, lower body, everything. Even when you're shooting, do everything, your lower body needs to be stable to use your to be more precise upper body. Or if you're doing basketball, volleyball, running, running, people do run like with arms this way, they don't have the same performance because it's about biomechanic. Okay. So you have to work out at this kind of things. This point of your workout is very important for you really go for this level, the average level for the high level, because I know here everybody wants to go good on the slopes, right? You want it to performance very well, even you're just going for fun. Everybody wanted to be good on the slopes, right Kara? Exactly. I think actually unfortunately we have a little bit of bad news today. And that is that today is our last ski fit Sunday with Ellis Brigham. So thank you so much for joining the five sessions that we've done. And thank you for Ellis Brigham for putting them on. We've loved doing these for you. But in good news, if you guys have been enjoying the sessions, then we would love for you to go and check out the ones on our website on BCSkiFitness.com, where we have everything we've shown you, but loads more and more details. Yeah, loads of sessions. So we'd love to do that. Yeah.  We're going to announce the winners at midday today on the Ellis Brigham Facebook page. So make sure you just log into Facebook and Vivian and I will be joining them live. You've got vocal skis, you've got an Ellis Brigham voucher, and you've got a free BCSki Fitness workout package of you. Yeah. Okay. So I hope that you enjoyed it a lot. And you never thought you could use a broom like your part of your workout, you see. We have a lot of possibilities to have a good workout using things at your home, home to do something for you to improve your BCSki workout.  If I never did this before, never skip before. So it's the time you learn it. Okay. So thank you very much. Midday, 12 o'clock. Just check it out. We'll be live for you to announce the winner. And thank you very much. And see you soon. Right, Kara? Bye-bye. Thank you very much. Thank you, Ellis Brigham. And bye-bye. Have a good Sunday, 12 o'clock. The winner. Bye-bye, 12 midday. Bye-bye. Bye.


This is the last video in this week, process mining. So, process mining is like getting a process model from the temporal data. It is commonly used in customer care centers, a banking or in the healthcare sectors where suppose a call center person calls you first, based on your responses, your profile responses, what is the next process to do? If there are batch out into three or four responses, what is the next process? Should we send an email? Should we call him back again? And what is the process of applying credit card to the end of credit card closing? What is the process of taking a loan, start to loan end? So, this basically associated with start to end, what is the process? And it has been used heavily in bank sector or customer care sectors. But this also can be applied to education data. Very few researchers actually use process models for education data. It is interesting actually, if you know what is process model and you can also apply and you can understand how the students interaction behavior in a complete process. So, there are different algorithms to develop the process model fuzzy miner, alpha miner or use cheek miner. You can go ahead and read about this, but let us look at one of these models in this video. So, the process model, if you want to know the process mining software more about process models or fuzzy miner, I recommend you to read these two papers. These two papers are not for your assignment or anything, these are extra work for you. If you are interested to understand what is the process model and it gives the examples how it is created and everything. So, especially the authors, the Van der Waals just actually one who created the tool which we are going to use in this course. So, process mining analyzes temporal sequence data to develop a process model that contains set of nodes, events or actions and edges, transition between actions or nodes. If you see nodes and edges, you might have remember that in last week video, we computed a state transfer diagram. We mentioned there is a node and edge kind of things, exactly the same kind of patterns we will use process in process model. So, nodes can be the actions and the transition between actions is called as edges. It is the aim is to develop the abstract process model and there are two key metrics, significance and correlation. Somehow it happens always I have two key metrics, two only two things to remember in each algorithm. Let us keep see the two key metrics in this model also like a process mining, significance and correlation. So, what is node? Suppose there is an action read, there is action quiz. This is considered to be node, node A is read, node B is quiz. The transition between these nodes like a read to quiz transition is edge. Maybe this goes to watch video, it is another edge. This is node 1, node 2, node 3. So, there are two metrics, significance and correlation. We will see what is two metrics for this nodes and edges. So, significance is a measure for both nodes and edges by relative importance of their occurrence compared to the total occurrence. Simple it is the node or edge that occur more frequently are considered to be more significant compared to other nodes and other edges. For example, it is simple. We will see a detailed example for nodes and edges computed in some sequence, but I just want to give you the example of nodes and edges and significance here. For example, there is an action read, watch video, quiz, read, read and quiz. So, what is the most significant action here is read which occurred 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 times. So, most significant action is read, it occurred 5 times. So, we will be given first one value for significance. Relate you to this particular actions, other significance of other actions are considered. For example, v occurred twice, 2 by 5, it will be 0.4. Quiz occurred twice, 2 by 5, it will be 5 more. Significance of watch video is 0.4, significance of quiz is 0.4, related to the most significant action that is R, that is read, read is 1. That is how this significance is computed. Significance is not only computed for the nodes also for edges, which edge occurs more repeatedly compared to the other edges. If we have more read to quiz compared to other edges, say quiz to watch video or quiz to quiz to simulate or read to watch video, then this will be read to quiz to be the more significant that will be 1, other significance will be computed based on that value. And what is correlation? Correlation is how closely each two actions occur always like which pattern is more frequent? Basically it is a pattern of two actions like read and quiz occurs most relatedly most occurred patterns then that will be more correlated compared to the other things. When I say how two events are closely related, if read occurs always quiz occurs with that. So, correlation is computed. This is exactly what we did in state transition diagram that is kind of a correlation here. Let us see a simple example, there is a temporal data. So, there is a sequence of factions A, A, B, A, B, A, A, B. So, can you compute state transition diagram for this particular sequence? We computed last week video, but can you repeat it here in this week? After you create a state transition diagram, resume the video to continue. So, I am not going to show the state transition diagram that you might have done it because we discussed that in the last week. Let us look at what is process model for that particular sequence of data and we use a fuzzy minor algorithm. There are other algorithms like alpha minor or u-steak minor. Each has a different behavior, but let us look at the fuzzy minor in this course. Sequence of actions is A, A, B, A and B, A, A, B right. So, let us see. A occurred 5 times, that is a most significant action. So, A is equal to 1 because A occurred 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 times and B occurred 1, 1, 2 and 3 times, which means B occurred 3 by 5. The significant of action B or the node B is 0.6 in this particular sequence related to the most significant action that is A that is equal to 1, right. So, 0.6. Similarly, what is the correlation that we saw that in a state transition diagram, what is the transition property of A to B? Significance of edges also can be computed, you can compute it. Let us look at the correlation for this example. A, there are how many actions. So, let us look at the correlation in detail. How many actions which A to X, the X can be A or B, how many actions which for A to B and how many actions for A to A, right. A to X there are 1, 2, 3, sorry 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. There are 5 actions, the 5 transitions from A state A in that A to A is 1 and A to A is 2. So, which means A to B will be 3, right, 3 plus 2 equal to 5. So, the correlation of A to B is 3 divided by 5, that is 3 divided by 5 is 0.6. So, the correlation of that is 0.6. So, this is 0.6. And correlation between B to A might be different 1, 2, so 2, so it will be 2 compared to, oh there are only 2. So, this will be high, there is no self correlation. So, this is the self correlation A to A will be 0.4, sorry 2 by 5 equal to 0.4. So, yeah, you can compute significant and correlation. It is not that we have to compute significant and correlation that is enough for peak fuzzy minor. It is important you have to apply set of algorithms to create the process model on these set of metrics. Consider you have these 2 metrics, significance and correlation and you have 7 actions in your learning environment, you computed this process, this kind of process model that to look like a spaghetti, right. It has a lot of actions going from one node to each node. How to abstract this? The process model is creating the abstract model from the temporal sequence data. How to abstract this? For fuzzy minor we apply 3 rules. That is the rules we are going to talk about for fuzzy minor. For other algorithms rules might change. The basic is significance correlation. Let us look at the rules for fuzzy minor. Highly significant nodes are preserved. The nodes which are more significant are preserved. We will not remove those nodes. So, consider you have a node A, node B, node C, knee. Highly significant nodes are reserved. So, the suppose consider the node significance of A is 0.8, 0.7, 0.1, 0.3. Highly significance node that is A, B, C will be preserved. We may remove these two nodes. What will happen to these nodes? Let us read the second rule. Less significant nodes that are highly correlated into correlated or aggregated into clusters. Consider these two nodes are less correlated, say less significant, 0.1 and 0.3. It is less significant, but have a very high correlation. For example, the relation between these two is a 0.8, sorry 0.2. So, this is 0.2. So, this particular node is less significant, but it always occurs, if it occurs less significant means it occurs very, very, very tissue time. In the sense, it occurs how to say, it occurs only say 3 times compared to the A. So, if A is 30, it should be 3 times. It occurs very less time, but it is always a co-occur with the node A. If that is the case, then we can combine this, aggregate this to create a cluster. This node can be combined into a cluster 1 or something like that. That is what this particular thing says. And less significant nodes, the node which is less significant with low correlation with others are dropped. For example, this node is less significant, consider the point is less significant. It is more self-occurrence say 0.7 and it has a co-occurrence only 0.1 and from here, if it is a very less correlation with any of the node, but it occurs, it occurs very, very few times, say 9 times out of 30 actions or out of A occurring over 30 times. This occurs only 9 times, then you can drop this particular node. This node is not correlated with any significant node or this node is not significant at all. So, it can be removed to reduce the complexity of the process model. That is the idea of fuzzy manner. Hope you understood these 3 steps, it is very important. Highly significant nodes preserved, less significant and less correlated is dropped, less significant and highly correlated nodes are combined to create a cluster. That is a very basic steps in fuzzy manner. So, to change the abstraction level, it is not that fuzzy manner can be removed completely like system comes up with their own model. You might say no, no, there are something I really want a significance is more important. Sometimes I want more correlations is important, then you can use some particular formula. That is called again tooth values that is node cutoff and edge cutoff. To remove the nodes, which significant is lower than this. So, 0.3 should be removed or not, it is your decision. You can say all the nodes which are significant less than 0.4 should be removed. So, you can put a node cutoff say 0.4. So, node cutoff we saw in last slide, 0.3 is low significant or I say we do not know, but you can define the threshold to say this 0.3 is less than 0.5, my threshold is 0.5, whichever node which has significant less than 0.5 should be removed. So, we can put the node cutoff as 0.5. And edge cutoff to filter out the edges which utility values below the cutoff. What is utility value? Utility value is a combination of significance of edge also the correlation value of the edge. I said that edge also can have a significant value. So, that as a weighted combination of significance of edge and the correlation of edge. The weight you are depends on you. So, we want to have more weightage to the significance keep 1. If you want a less weightage to significance then keep 0, then it will be 1 into correlation. You will have more weightage to the correlation value. Applying this particular formula, you can modify the process model. The fuzzy manner might try to give you the abstract model you can say because you know the research questions you are the one researcher you want to create the model. It is not that any generic model can be applicable to you. Then you can say no, I want to keep all the nodes. I do not want to remove any nodes, but I can locate to remove some edges which has less correlation value. Then if it is less correlation value then put u r equal to 1 and the correlation value goes off only the significant edges are state back that that reduces the complexity of the process model. Please look at this particular equation is very simple just you have to understand how the abstraction is happening using node cutoff and edge cutoff only 2 things. In the process model software we you can actually vary this node cutoff and edge cutoff in the software actually I will show in demo actually you will understand this things. So, let us look at example process model applied when I want to research paper. So, in this paper we applied process mining on learner behavior from one of the OELE that OELE is again is Betty's brain. We saw in for the SPM and DSM this is Betty's brain and its set of actions. Let us consider the actions here are a bit different from last paper. The actions is read short, read long, reading a resource science page for less than 3 seconds. I will consider a read short because in 3 seconds you might be looking for 1 or 2 words not really reading. More than 3 seconds is looking is called read long but also read long as well as upper and red threshold. So, if you are reading more than say 1 minute it is not actually reading anything just kept the slide open event somewhere off. So, we are I think cutoff between read short, read long. Then we had a link edit support, link edit ineffective, the effective link edit we added a link this is correct, effective if it is incorrect it is ineffective that is what we try to say. Quiz taken is taking quiz is being quiz and his explanation is not actually this paper link is there you can download and read if you want more information. So, what we did we computed this and we created a process model. This is the simple frequency between a high web scorer versus low scorer, high scorer, low scorer as I mentioned in last video based on the pre and post test course we group the students into high scoring and low scoring. We try to see the process model for the these two groups and see is there any difference between the process. If you look at here there is a distribution of each actions for high versus low is given here and that tells that high scorer as then lot of actions compared to the low scorer also by percentage it is more for some actions. For example, read short is more for low but read short is not that much 14 percent for high so that is also given. So, you can use this table to identify the descriptive and if you can plot it in a graph and see it. But let us look at the interesting part that is process model. So, in process model we can add a artificial start and artificial end. So, start is here and end is here and this color the thickness of the line this is very thin this is kind of thick and the colors are dark or light gray indicates significance and correlation. So, let me say what is that? So, if you look at this so the thickness and darkness of the edges indicate the significance and the correlation values are associated with the edges. For each edge if it is thick it is thick which means it is highly significant this particular edge is significant if it is dark which means it is highly correlated with these two values. So, let us look at the process model. Let us understand one process model. So, we did one simple thing we wanted to maintain the process model of utility value was more than 0.8 or something. So, you can read this paper to understand because we adjusted we do not want to lose any nodes. So, we kept all the nodes no significant is absolutely 0.1 or 0.2 just keep all the nodes and we adjusted the edge cutoff value that is utility ratio value to keep 80% of the sequences in the data which is 0.8 means if I want to reproduce sequence of actions from this process model I should be able to reproduce 80% of original sequence data. So, I do not want to abstract too much so that I lose all the value. So, when you do that do it for very few number of students they pick some random 10 students in one group and do it because if you keep all 30 students in a low group to create the process model it will become a spaghetti and you lose lot of information. So, yeah decide based on what you want to do based on your search question. So, what happened is the people in the low group they started reading and they are doing a lot of short read that is why the correlation high correlation here. And after reading they go to read long and there is a loop here they read long read short. Once they pass this particular loop of read long read short if they are read long they might go to edit the link in a Betty's brain after reading you can create a concept map editing a link. After editing the concept map they can remove some other edits or add edits they keep on doing edits that 3, 4 types of edit actions. It can be combined there is a relation between these edit actions also. After doing that edit actions from all these actions they go and take the quiz. So, they read they create a concept map then they take the quiz. After taking quiz they check the quiz answer or they take a notes they check whether things are right or wrong or after reviewing the quiz they read the explanation or they go back to read or they compute here or they can take a notes go to quiz view or they do something. So, this is the set of process of actions a student can do in the Betty's brain sorry student can do now it is set of actions the low performing group students did in the process mining. For example, they read read edit immediate take quiz quiz view explanation as per explanation if it is wrong go back read again again come back this and they might end from quiz taken or from this the end is very less significant and less correlated just to say what are the notes where the ending notes for these groups. Consider the high group they start with the same similar reach out read long they also do the link edit link support most of the incorrect actions. They take quiz and they immediately go and look at the explanations and they also not take quiz very often. So, after that they immediately go to read short or they actually do not care about the quiz view. They take quiz and every definition they go back to read long this set of extra things this is not available in the lead low group. So, there are few significant difference behavior difference that can be identified from the low group SSI group. This paper is to show the process mining or the abstract differences between low group and high group. It is not to say that a high group is doing good in this actions or low group is doing good in other actions. And also here we can compare the process model with the sequential pattern mining model. In a process model be consider the frequency right how many times this action happens but not the time they spent on each action. But when you use process model tool you have option to improve the time taken on each action also start and end time. If you do that you can create a better model use stick minor model to look at it. I would request or I could recommend you to go and explore the other type of models or like not just fuzzy minor other minor models other process mining models and see what is the difference and explore and understand. So, this paper you created this paper will be part of your assignments the assignments question means which you might be part of your end exam too. So, in this week we saw what is process mining and you might get the process to mining tool also demoed in this week. So, in this week there are two demos three different algorithms process mining SPM and DSM. Let us continue talking about diagnostic antics in one more week. Thank you.


Hello and welcome back to another episode of Physics Partner. In today's episode, we are delving into the mesmerizing world of Heron's Fountain. The concept behind Heron's Fountains lies in the principle of fluid mechanics, specifically the law of conservation of energy. This ingenious invention states back to the first century, credited to the Greek inventor Heron of Alexandria. By utilizing water pressure and gravity, Heron's Fountain defies expectations, creating a perpetual flow without any external power source. Its brilliance lies in the interaction between air, water and gravity. As avid experimenters, we couldn't resist recreating Heron's Fountain. We assembled a glass reservoir, rubber tubing and three interconnected chambers. As water is poured into the top chamber, it exerts pressure on the air trapped inside the system. The escaping air creates a siphoning effect, sucking water from the bottom chamber into the middle chamber. This action continues until equilibrium is reached, resulting in a continuous flow of water. Our experiment revealed some intriguing findings. Firstly, we observed that the higher the water column in the top chamber, the greater the force applied on the air, enhancing the fountain's performance. We also noticed that air bubbles captured in the system could disrupt the fountain's flow, emphasizing the critical role of sealing the chambers tightly. While Heron's Fountain showcases an impressive scientific principles, its practical applications are limited. However, this experiment serves as a fantastic educational tool, magnifying the wonders of fluid mechanics and inspiring young minds to explore physics. In conclusion, Heron's Fountain has stood the test of time as a remarkable testament to the genius of ancient inventors. Its concept of harnessing energy through air pressure and gravity never fails to captivate. So I think it's enough for today. So thank you very much for listening and watching. I hope you enjoyed the video. I hope this video is useful for you. So take care of yourself and don't hesitate to write an email if you have any questions, queries, suggestions, and even classes are required. Take care of yourself. Meanwhile, see you in the next video. Goodbye.


Asian-American participants in health research are less likely to volunteer than other racial ethnic groups, despite being satisfied with research compensation and having similar levels of trust in researchers. Language barriers and lack of trust in research may contribute to this disparity. This article was authored by Yang Liu, Amy Elliott, Hal Strelnik and others.


Very good morning to you and thanks for joining us on the run-up. My name is Nyamgul Agadji and I also have my colleague here with me, Mr. Bayo Oluwaki. Good morning and welcome to the program Bayo. Nyamgul Angul morning viewers. It's a very pleasant day and hopefully it remains that way. It's every day we wake up and we're like, we can't believe it. That is just like today it is only two days and a few hours to the general elections, the national elections as the president, the presidency and the national assembly elections. Presidential rather and the national assembly elections, just two days to there. In fact, what is it like where you are in your neck of the woods? How is preparations like? How are people taking it? How are people, are they expectant or some of them are just thinking it's going to be a public holiday for them to play ball on the streets? No, I mean people are taking this election very seriously. In many of the years today, we gathered together to talk more about all the time, but we do this from time to time. And it was a very lively discussion reviewing all the major candidates, reviewing their promises, looking at their campaigns. And yes, asking each of them who we're going to vote for. So I think people are very much interested. It's a defining moment. Interestingly, every election we had, even the one I covered in 1979 as a reporter, a very, very young reporter. That was a return to say, from the passenger military government to the presidency of Laji Shiv Shagari. Every election, Nigerians have always said this is a defining election, very important election. But I don't know which election will not be important because every election in Nigeria is always important. But I think most of this one is particularly going to be exciting. So let's see what happens. Yeah, even though everyone has been really an exciting moment for Nigerians, but there are some that are really, really more so because, okay, for instance, the one you're talking about in 1979, we're leaving the military era and coming back to civil rule and people were excited that democracy was returning. And then after we now went back to the military rule in 1999, we're returning to democracy. So the excitement was there, not even 1999, 1993, when we were supposed to have, when we had that election, everybody was very, very excited, maybe because of the people that were involved or the person that was involved. And then 1999, we're coming back to democracy after we thought that maybe we will not have democracy anymore. The excitement was high. And then somewhere along the line, a lot of people began to show some apathy. They didn't want to identify with the political class and the political process. And so on, it seems like new entrants have made it more exciting or have made it feel like there is something really special about this one. And everybody wants to go there. But it's unfortunate that in the days before the election, all these things are happening. There's violence everywhere. People looting in the name of cash scarcity or currency scarcity or Naira scarcity. These things are taking the opportunity to do a lot of bad things. I hear they've burnt a lot of banks somewhere and some people have lost their lives. And it's just very unfortunate. We thank God that at least, even though it's happening here in Lagos as well, the magnitude which people expected things like that to happen is not happening. And we thank God for small messes. Yes, absolutely. You know, the major worry had been the possible impact of the insurgency on this, on the security situation. And I was just remarking to someone yesterday that a measure of the success of the ant forces could be seen in the fact that campaigns have been conducted all over the country. In the nooks and crannies of the country. And things have gone relatively well. There have been very, very, very, very few security incidents. And I think that's a big commendation to the ant and security forces. Now, of course, we have had this COVID, sorry, I said COVID. We've had this cash crunch inspired violence which has been born out of frustration. And they're only hoping that the security agencies will be able to secure as many of those vulnerable locations as possible. I think as well that the excitement that you alluded to giving us a historiography of the elections we have had in the past and how the voting population had at one time or the other been quite excited. And then how there has been apathy, especially over the past couple of years. I think the apathy should largely be blamed on the two major political parties who could not have reinvented themselves to the point where they actually motivate the electorates to be enthusiastic about elections. But of course 2023 presidential election is turning out to be different. I think because first of all, we have a large Antiqua Mubaka who is a serial contender for the presidency. So he brings some sort of excitement into it. You also have a Shuwa Jubolak, who have long aspired to be presidents. So that aspiration of these and his picking up the ticket of his party, I think also contributed to generating excitement, especially on the side of his followers. And then you have the third force, what is now being regarded as the third force. The Labour Party phenomenon of Peter Wee and Dati Baba Ahmed and their followers that have enlivened the political terrain and space and has actually provided a platform, seemingly provided a platform for the younger population to crystallize their ambitions, so to speak. So I think these are the reasons why we are having this excitement and I think it is good for the country. Yeah, I agree with you. It's very good for the country. And we do hope that as everybody is saying that this is a defining moment, it really will be a defining moment. Interestingly, of all the people who are like the top contenders, even if you count from one to four, they've all been governors except for Tikua Bubaka, who was a vice president. So he served in the capacity of a deputy, no matter how high that was. But every other person has been a governor. We talk about... He was an elected governor. Yeah, but he did. He was an elected governor. He was elected, but he never... Yes, because he was picked after he had been elected as governor of Adamawa State. He was then picked back from a president of Asundow to be his running mate. Yes, and at that time I applauded his courage because the question was, what if they lose? And now you already had, like they say, a better hand is what a million in the bush. He had the governorship, but he let it go and he wanted to go and become president. And it was like, okay, this man has courage. This man has faith. I applauded him at that time, but let's see how it goes. I do hope that the best man will win. Maybe this time we may not be praying that let us get the leader we deserve. I don't even know how to put that because sometimes because of our own attitude, some people would say whoever we elect, we deserve that person. What if the bulk of the people who are really thinking good for Nigeria are doing their best, but the people who are greedy are the ones that will influence it so much so that we have the man that we do not deserve. And then we go through the circle of another four or eight years of agony. I do hope that whoever is going to be elected will know that the people have power enough and they are important enough for him to sit up and do what is right. Well, today we'll be talking about the manifestos of some of these political parties and we'll be having Alexa Wilcox, a public affairs analyst here in the House with us. We would have loved to take some numbers from the INEC, but let's just take a break. When we return, we do a little more on what INEC has said so far about the election, the numbers as it were, people that are going to vote, how many people are going to vote, how many polling units that are in the country, how many people are standing for the election in the first place and all that. And it's two days and a few hours to the election proper. Remember that on the 25th of February, elections will hold for the presidential elections and the National Assembly elections will hold on that day. And no matter what you might think, INEC has assured us and the security agencies have assured us that the elections will hold and it will be peaceful enough for Nigerians.  Let's take some numbers from INEC. We have 18 candidates so far vying for the presidency and analysts see three front-runners and some people who are liberal enough see four. We have a Tikwa Bu Baka who is 76 years old of the People's Democratic Party, the main opposition party. A former vice president of Tikwa Bu Baka ran in 2007 and 2009. He lost his party's primaries in 1993, 2011 and 2015. We also have 70-year-old Bola Tinubu of the ruling All Progressives Congress, a former legislator and two-time governor of Lagos State. Tinubu is nicknamed City Boy and the godfather of Lagos by supporters for his clout in Nigeria's economic capital. Then we have Peter Ubi who was the governor of Anambra State who also is contesting his followers know themselves as obedience and they are of the majority among the youths who are clamoring for a different kind of Nigeria, a better kind of Nigeria. But today we're trying to look at the manifestos of especially these three and if we may add another person we will also be talking about Rabiu Kwankwaso, a former governor as well. Now we'll be looking at these manifestos with our public analyst in the house here. We're being joined by Mr. Alexta Wilcox. Welcome to the program Mr. Wilcox. Thank you very much for having me. It's my pleasure. Thank you. Okay, so now we have just few days to the general elections and in fact the campaigns are going to stop. Will it be tomorrow or the day after? Because campaigns cannot be carried until the day of the election. Now we're trying to look at some key points in the manifestos of these frontline candidates. So far how would you rate their manifestos as regards the problems that Nigeria is facing and the solutions they are proffering for these problems? Well, in a nutshell, if you ask me, I have not had the opportunity of reading all of them back to back. I've only been able to read that of the APC President candidate which is standing in Ludhup. And if you look at that in Ludhup, it was patterned after Hoop 93, part of the agenda of Hoop 93, which was the SDP manifesto of Abiola. And so I know that the current candidate of the APC was a big, a major player at that time in drafting those. I'm sure you had a lot of input in those manifestos. So you have to pattern among a package of the main, reinvest the manifesto and bring it to reality, to current reality. So it's something that will give Nigeria a bit of comfort. The manifesto of the Labour Party is also a bit catchy, does not delve deeply into some of the prevailing issues that need to be run. I see it more as a manifesto that highlights most of the problems.  I'm making most comparison with other countries. The PDP manifesto, I must be frank, have not read it, have not seen, have not read it. But from what their President candidate has been discussing in most fora, he talks more about, I mean, the investment enterprises.  For instance, the PDP has always been looking at the investment enterprises and all of them. The current campaign has not shy from that area. But apart from that, I do not see any, I just keep hearing less from Nigeria, less from Nigeria, less from Nigeria. I have not seen clearly any, except you point out something for me, for me to be able to analyse, any clear departure from what the PDP has always offered all these years. Okay, yeah. Well, even at that, whether you've read it or not, like one of the presidential candidates, I think that of Labour Party always says, before he brought out his manifesto, everybody was asking, bring your manifesto, let's see a document and all that. And he kept saying, it is not in the paper, it is not in the write-up because I can produce a voluminous document, but I may not be able to implement it or I will not have the will to implement it. So now our concern is even mostly about why sometimes we have a very beautiful manifesto and then we still see that things do not move the way they should move and they do not achieve whatever is in their manifesto. For instance, the present administration, I don't know, if the pillars on which they built this administration, security, economy, corruption and all that, if they did anything in that regard that will give us some solace that people follow their manifesto. So the question is, what is that thing that makes people who have given a document and taken a vow with the people a commitment to do something, what is it that prevents them from fulfilling the provisions of that document which is like a bond with the people that they are serving? What prevents our leaders from implementing provisions of their manifestos that people who are going to enter into government now should look out for and try to avoid? Well, first and foremost, what does manifesto serve? Manifesto serves as a kind of guide. Okay, so that was why when the obedient group was saying they don't need the manifesto, then the people were asking, so how do we assess you? Today, you can say, okay, this current government did not perform because they put out a document and you are holding that document and you are saying based on this document, you didn't do this, you didn't do that, that is why a manifesto is necessary. So anyone that comes up to say it is not, it doesn't need a manifesto, just put me in. So how do you assess him? So what is the assessment criteria? If the man did not give you a manifesto, you have not assessed him about it, he has not promised you anything.  So that's what manifesto does. Now, manifestos are not cast in stone. Nowhere in the world will everybody implement what's in the manifesto because number one, you are giving a manifesto when you are not on the driver's seat. You're just like somebody who takes a job as a marketer and you've promised the employer that you're going to deliver 10 billion naira worth of sales from your own calculation, sitting outside. And then by the time you get into the company, you discover that they don't have a structure. The company has no structure. The company has no material for you to... The company has no vehicle for you. The company has no... There are limiting factors within the system, within the organization. So what I would make you know to achieve that target that you've set for yourself is a target. So most of them are known. No position, no government that does not wish well for its people. Even the worst of government. No one does not want to make a name. But most times when you get there, it's either the things you met on ground and I will speak for this administration. I mean, when they had to bring the manifesto in 2014 during the election, of course the oil price there was $120 to $140 per barrel of oil and Nigeria was doing well in terms of sales of oil. Although even at that point it was not diving. And of course they made a lot of promises based on that. They talked about the 5,000 naira cash transfer. They talked about building of 30 number of roads in there. They talked of so many things. But you and I know that the moment they came to power, the narrative changed. Oil price was dying from $120 per barrel to sometimes less than $30 a day. It was sold at $27. Production reduced. And so they had to do all kinds of things. I say sincerely, I'm not a politician, I'm not a part of this government. But Nigerians sometimes don't understand the workings of government or performance of government. I mean they take one aspect of the issue. I mean when the government came in, some state, even when oil was being sold at $120 per barrel, states were owing salaries. The federal government was owing salaries. The federal government as at that time was borrowing money to pay salaries. That was the kind of economy this government inherited. So when this government came, they were able to, I don't know how they did it, sincerely I can't tell. They gave loans, grants to states to pay off salaries. They reformed, I mean they did a lot of things to without those workers. And then they began to implement certain things. Even the so-called, I mean people are accusing them. They did part of what they proposed. That is the empower scheme where people were employed on temporary jobs so that they can have income of $30,000 per month. They did that and they employed about $500,000 Nigerians over the period. So sometimes people don't appreciate some of this. And then you are seeing where there are no income. I mean the level of income reduced. It's just due to the social crisis that oil price went up. All through, they have been working on oil price far lower than what they make. And all that then, you now have the effect of other things like COVID that came in, some of that. So if Nigerians want to be fair in terms of assessing the government then it is not what Barbara Timbrety in the manifesto. You look at the manifesto, you look at what's available, you match them and they begin to give credit. So nobody, no government, even the United States will fulfill everything they manifesto. No, even in Britain, we fulfill everything they manifesto. The manifesto is a guide. It's like seeing a budget of a country. The budget is made. There hasn't been a time a budget is performed 100% because there have been competing factors. There have been limiting factors. The important thing about manifesto is it gives you a guide and it gives the public an assessment criteria to say, okay, based on your manifesto, you have done one, you have done two, you didn't do three, you didn't do four, you didn't do five. How do we move from there? Can we still trust you? Can we still renew your mandate? But if there's no manifesto, what am I going to judge you with? You just come and you do one road for me and you tell me, this is all I could do. I didn't promise you more than one road. I didn't even promise you anything. So that is what manifestos are. And that was why the big group was asked to give us a manifesto. And they went up and brought up something that they felt is a manifesto and to their supporters is a manifesto, to the critical injurians who want to see step by step as to how you want to achieve them. Okay, I leave you in the hands of Bayo. Bayo, your turn. Thank you, Yamgul. Mr. Wilcox, it's a pleasure having you again this morning. I enjoy talking with you. Now, let's interrogate something you've made, a point you made. And I would like to expatiate on it. And I agree with the assumption that from the basis that you gave that, it's one thing to have a manifesto. It's another thing when you get into office. You know, but the candidates we are having, almost all of them have been governors before. And the one who almost became a governor was vice president and was saddled with, at least in the first three years of the ambassador presidency, Atikwa Gubaka, his excellency Atikwa Gubaka was saddled with the task of running the economy. Now, they are all campaigning. And I am of the view. I am on the view that these guys will have absolutely no excuse not to know what they are talking about. Why? Number one, we know what we are producing. As of today, our oil production has gone up to 1.6 million barrels. It was really bad last year because of what they called crude oil thefts, which basically involves so many other things. But at least today, we are doing 1.6 million barrels a day. And this is an open source. Secondly, we know how much we are owing. Okay? And then we know how much we are earning from non-oil exports. Now, the almost all the parties, except for Labor Party, they have governors, especially PDP and APC. They have most of the governors of the 36 states. And if your party has some governors, you have an idea of what the situation in each of those states are. Even if you don't have information about anything else. So in my view, is Excellency a right to anti-Quaq ubaqa? Is Excellency Ashwajibola Akba Tlumbu? And even to a large extent, is Excellency Peter Ubi? They have been on the saddle. They understand what it is. And anti-Quaq ubaq was also governor of Kano. I think for two times, there was many stop-defense on that presenter, so they shouldn't have an excuse not to be able to give us a manifesto that is reasonably in tandem with the reality of a socioeconomic situation as of today. What's your reaction to that? I am in total agreement with your position. As a matter of fact, for the first time, we are fortunate to have, like you said, persons who have held sway in executive capacities in their various states. And like you said, Ubaqa, even though he was not he didn't make the final call as a president, as a chief executive. He was very influential. Like you said, the first three years a passenger was busy junketing the whole world, trying to establish his statemanship. And then he left the back end to Attiku. And Attiku really entrenched himself to the point that he wanted to challenge him in the 2003 election even though for some diplomacy and overtures and trust he knows how to conquer and all that. He still would have been different because Attiku Ubaqa had the momentum in his favor. The tide was swimming in his favor on the fact that the president allowed him to have food. So he understands the issues. They all understand the issues. So that is why this election, and I was thinking that Nigeria should have some of the some of the sentimental attachment to the candidacy and some of the picotry and sentimental attachment that characterized the campaign. I will look at Nigeria, because you are selecting from persons that have had executive positions. Let's call it now, if it is companies this achieve is a good of companies. And there should be a track record of what have this guy achieved in this company A.  And that is what I think Nigeria should have been looking at. Okay, when I was going to Anambra State I tamed the erosion. Anambra erosion that was threatening the entire Anambra. Yes, I met it at X I tamed it to Y and then someone would tell me oh, in Kano, the pyramids came back we used to have the granite pyramids of Kano. The pyramids came back and I was able to build up I built a legacy that people others are following and this is where we are. Okay, in Lagos, I met Lagos at this and I have been able to tamed the garbage that was spending about 3 billion every year and I have put in structures that has brought people to this is where we are this is where we are and then people should look at this award so in drafts and manifesto it should be around these achievements and like you said, they all have governors in their states they all have governors in their in their as standards and these governors have data and so that is why your manifesto should have reflected those datas and that's why I said when I would be able to hurry his manifesto of saying that he doesn't need a manifesto and Nigerians were shouting they had to hurry and put something in place then I see it as something that you cannot pull somebody accountable because it does not have any in-depth analysis not that I am integrating the party it doesn't have any in-depth analysis like when you compare it to the you need to hope that there is somebody that has been wanting to be president okay so I am talking about say what you are talking about he relinquished his sometimes let me say his rights to want to run and proper for that and so he had something he wants to do I also give that article article also has been wanting to be president since 2008 so he has something he wants to do will be well wanted to be vice president who was vice president in 2019 tried to be president felt he had the momentum and then when he had to see that Bidip was going to give the ticket he ran to the Labour Party and the youth found him interesting so was he prepared or was he coming with the grip of the moment you know were you prepared for I've been sure that I want to be president as I want to know Kwakwansu has been prepared Kwakwansu stated he could have been president 2014 he ran for the APC primaries in 2014 in 2015 he ran in 2019 he ran for the PDP primaries so Kwakwansu has been wanting to be president even Shorwore has been wanting to be president I mean he has been he has wanted to be president so he would be just decided to be president in 2023 okay after serving as governor he went back to his business and Latiku asked him to be vice president running made to him and then so these are the things that Nigerians should look at and for me unfortunately we have left those basic things for the sentimentals can I can I look at tribe which are some of the things that does not build a nation as far as I'm concerned okay just can I follow up on that during the presidential debates we saw journalists interviewing I'm not even sure if they were interviewing or posing questions so I want your perspective did you think that those who uncalled the presidential debates sufficiently prepared to grill the candidates or do you think the candidates had an easy right so whether it's governorship or presidential debates it was just like they were just there and they just had time nobody really subjected them to but I mean let me not bias your thinking but how do you think those debates went and did we need their help in any way to challenge or to grill these candidates for Nigerians to understand their manifestos better you see the time of most I would say we do respect the media the time we had the media the real media is fast depleting and fast going like I said last time I was here we have a lot of AOPs that call them professionals and sometimes their editorials or what they do is influenced by their political beliefs and political leaning and so we lost the fact that we are supposed to project all debaters for me have never met an average threshold not talking of surpassing the threshold because sometimes it's mediocre it's a mediocre thing you ask questions like you said easy rights they choose to impress one candidate depending on the area that you want look I don't miss the US debates the presidential debates they always have three one you sit down the other you stand the other you ask yourself questions and you have full of opportunities and there are full of questions the questions are based on your past records the questions are based on your character character unfortunately in this convo we ask questions on character we say it is insult no you ask questions based on character based on your past activities and then subject your plan to economic and political realities and questions on those lines you don't ask somebody how many bills will you build where will you get the money as far as I'm concerned those are what local governments debate should be looking at you look even to look at the people with respect to this and this and this what are your plans on this and this you saw the kind of question that came out at Chatham House for all the candidates that went there there's a kind of question I expect people to ask but not to not to chire away the fact that I'm not trying to rubbish the media but sincerely speaking the media has the standard of the media has gone down a political line and sentiment as people are reading most of the activity and like like Clark said as the the Rinald lawyer in one of the programs he was so popular and he called the media all kinds of name which really ought not to be you don't treat national issues based on political sentiment even in US they have media organizations even in the UK media region have affiliate biases to candidate but they don't show it when they present their questions in terms of debates they make sure that they give the audience the best and to bring out the real characters of the candidates not the sentimental character not the real character of the candidates and the real plans the candidates have subject these plans now somebody is telling me I want to move from consumption to production I have not seen any media has interrogated PTOB I said please sir what is the consumption we are doing now and what is the production you are taking us to tell me the consumption and what is the process but everybody just fly to town I have consumption to production consumption that is that for me is too nonsensical and no media has interrogated those questions and that is what the youth are flying on the youth that are that are the main fulcrum of the of the video movement oh that is what they all fly on production to production to production we are the bigger consumer of we are talking about today consumption of electronics consumption of passion consumption of the things that are the place of our reserve the youth today are the biggest consumers of it and then you are not on the path that somebody say you want to move from consumption so are you going to stop using ipad iphone 13 plus pro max are you going to stop using brazilian hair are you going to stop using all those important what is the what is the forefront of that statement of consumption to production and we are interrogating it but you know we are flying with it that will be say it is not the gene from the production the media house the mainstream is not even interrogating that statement I guess we will grow as a democracy unfolds at least we are seeing more of the of the debates now and your observations are well noted I know there are areas in which we can improve as well and hopefully let's let's hope that as a democracy evolves and especially as sooner or later we will go to local government elections after this one in each state maybe we will begin to actually put these things into practice because that is where government is closest to the people and that interrogation of whoever wants to be a local government chairman will also be extremely important I close with a question do you think the ordinary Nigerians have well in a way you have alluded to that but you are using the labour party as an example but we look at all the political parties now do you think Nigerians actually understand the manifesto of these parties I mean in the second republic for instance with the UPN with the NPN you knew what you knew what the manager of the manifestos was and UPN's free education qualitative health free health care integrated rural development NPN was a qualitative education green revolution you could recite this off the top of your head do you think that parties this time around have sufficiently left a mark in the consciousness of the electorate that electorate can just relive what each one stands for in fact you just give me goosebumps right now I want to remember the four cardinal points of the UPN you just give me goosebumps no matter how young I was then I could recite the four cardinal of the points of the UPN and I could really connect with that of the NPN even that of the NPP you can really I mean that is when rationality plays a lot of role in our consciousness that is when the mainstream media you get yourselves from just the mainstream media all this noise on social media the social media has caused a lot of destruction of our psyche of our mental structure that people do not even bother to read that this is the first time I am appearing on a program to analyze manifesto of the parties this is the first time how many media houses has how many media even though the manifesto of the of the NNPP how many media houses have seen shiwures manifesto shiwures party I can't even remember the name of this party how many media has seen this manifesto so how did that connect to the people and today people are biased with a lot of things for instance like I said we bring we lead John people are saying muslim we lead John that has nothing to do with development not to do with with the price of the market or the cost of nothing to do with it and people are using that to run and not looking at the manifesto of what we are talking about so how many people are looking at that today Twitter was even far better because there was a manifesto and people who have been sold and who are looking at the manifesto because they wonder something different today a lot of you are saying they want something different have you read the manifesto of that different thing you are looking for I am talking about the youths now that say have you read the manifesto I asked some people what is the label party manifesto and construction to production how shall so if tomorrow and you happen to get your candidate elected and so what are you expecting him to do what are the deliverables yesterday someone was telling me the price of kong will come down someone was showing me that if we bring the price of kong will come down from 700 to 200 I said how don't worry you will do it and this are not kids I am talking about adults so you don't even connect to it what is the policy on education what is the policy on health what are we going through what is the policy on energy nobody connects to it and so we need the media the mainstream media to go above the social media to go above the noise and begin to highlight the Nigerians we have too many media houses 80% of them into socials music sports music all those films all those movies but the ones that are what's their source should come back to the mainstream of information informing the people not just entertaining them informing the people of what they should do last time I came and talked about the National Research Agency that has the responsibility unfortunately they are going to sleep they exist on paper they exist on budgets but not service to Nigerians not service to the country this needs to change and we need to look at people's manifesto we need to make informed political decisions yes there are sentiments nobody will rule that out there is biases nobody will rule that out but again in the midst of those confessions we are also entitled to have some element of responsibility as to what you can hold somebody accountable for and that is the biases manifesto if you don't have it if you don't understand it if you don't have any direct political decision based on that you have no choice you have no right to complain when the chips are done let me just comment in less than a minute let's just be fast about it the time is gone it appears that the people's function in implementation of this manifesto is really very key and a lot of people don't seem to know how to go about it holding this our elected representatives accountable to their actions and everything that they need or they have promised in the manifesto for instance in Lagos state we have someone who is contesting and saying that he moved Lagos state from from a low income state as it were comparatively to where they were earning 50 billion per month and we don't know how that was achieved we don't know how after achieving that that money was spent and all that so we are not taking enough responsibility what do we need to do to be able to tell the people that we understand what you have told us and the level you have reached but we need more what else can the people do Nigerians, the citizens who are electing these people to make sure they are more transparent than they are right now because whatever they want to give us is what they give us but whatever they don't want us to know we seem not to know how to go about finding out what do you think the electorates need to do to make sure the manifesto is not only implemented but we know how it is implemented and how whatever implementation whatever implementation it has achieved has changed the life of the people what do we need to do very short what changes the life of the people is relative it depends on your own perception of how your life has changed sincerely for instance if you can drive your car on the most horrible road without spot holes you go less to the mechanic if your life has changed if you can if you can if you can have your street having new buildings and new your life has changed sometimes we don't measure these areas we want to look at how much money is in our pocket but again citizens journalism is very keen sincerely citizens journalism is very keen and pressure groups are very very keen because you cannot on your own one-on-one go to Alawasa go to the governor, go to the president to say look I want to see how you have done this so that's why it has to do with citizen journalism and collective responsibility in appear pressure groups and the media the media is critical because it is them that the legislator the judicial executive that is helping to hold accountable but when the media is compromised and they can and they chicken out when they are supposed to stand then that's a problem if you cannot speak the truth to power if you cannot organize groups that can use your platform to express and to put government on their toes they will all fail because it's not what Alistar or yourself can walk up to Alawasa and say let me see the record let me see how you end this I can do that, we can do that but again we need to have citizen journalism, citizen pressure the media pressure the media provide their platforms for groups to use to put their messages, responsible messages and to follow up and above all avoid compromise most of them don't know we get compromised if we are not compromised but when you are compromised you have lost your balance and you can no longer do anything ok thank you so much Mr Alistar Wilcox for coming on the show each time you come it always gladdens us, we hope that we'll talk more with you it's a pleasure thank you God bless Nigeria as we go out of votes let us make it the wise choice God bless Nigeria and make God continue to protect our troops Amen to that ok we've been talking with Mr Alistar Wilcox a public affairs analyst and we were trying to look at manifesto its effects and how much we know about this manifesto and how it will affect us in the future more or less well we will return to rapid up bio with all the things that Alistar has raised but first of all we now go for a short break to enable us to bring you the news when we return we actually the things that we've heard already and the things that are yet to come stay with us


All right, so this fan right here the ball's gonna Maybe hit him or just like scares the hell out of him and he leaves.  I don't know if it hit him. Oh, here we go I can go slow on the TV. Who would have thought oh too fast dummy He goes Eddie, I'm leaving. I don't know who he's talking to but he goes Eddie. I'm leaving He freaked out and just left. I don't know what that was about