What's up guys, Michael with Jaspy's doing a recap for 2023 tops pristine baseball two box break random team number 12 This was done auction style on fanatics live. Here is the list and Here's the recap Joe Musgrove McCovey to 75 Riley Greene to 99 Going going gone of Griffey to 75 Samon to 99 JD Corbin Carroll refractor Swings of summer case hit Bryce Harper Now some of the encased cards here at a Graham Ashcraft rookie Otto Willie Mace to 75 cannon smith and jig butt to 75 Luisa Reyes, that's twins addition to 25 Ring down to 75 another in jig bottom Cal Ripken to 25 And a Yordon Alvarez going going gone auto Gold out of 50 Then we had a popular demand Byron Buxton relic and autograph out of 15 And a T Oscar Hernandez around the diamond relic and autograph. So that does it for the recap Thank you to everyone who got into the break. That was our last break of the night So, uh, yeah, thank you, and I'll see you guys the next one. All right guys. Bye guys


My fellow Americans, before getting into the main subject of today's broadcast, I have what I think is a newsworthy item. Just about a year ago, the Security and Loan Association of Milwaukee, Wisconsin made a sizable sum, millions of dollars, available for home mortgage loans at an 11.9 percent interest rate. The going rate at the time was about 16 percent. I'm happy to say a number of banks throughout the country followed suit. I'm even happier to say that Milwaukee Security, Savings and Loan has done it again. $100 million has been made available for home mortgages at a 9.9 percent interest rate. The president of the Savings and Loan says it's their way of trying to help the economic recovery that is now underway. Well, they deserve a big thank you from all of us. Last month on one of these talks I told you about a few of the things we'd been doing to cut down on waste and fraud, unnecessary paperwork, red tape, and on abuses of federal loan programs, all adding up to current and future savings to you, the taxpayer of billions of dollars. Well, I didn't have any illusions about making the front page with that information, and we didn't. But I thought you had a right to know that we've been making progress in restoring government to its rightful role as the servant of the people. Today I'd like to share with you some of the other things we're doing to protect your tax dollars and make government more efficient and responsive to your needs. One important area in which we've made real progress is the employment figure for non-defense federal agencies. There are a number of vital functions that the federal government has to perform as we all know, but the federal government should perform those functions in an efficient, economical manner. It shouldn't cost you the taxpayer a penny more than is needed to get the job done. With that in mind, we made a department by department, agency by agency review of government operations, looking for needless fat. As a result, by last January, there were 112,000 fewer people working in non-defense federal agencies. 15 departments, agencies, and commissions have been able to reduce their payroll numbers by 20% or more. And we've accomplished 90% of these savings, not by layoffs, but by just not replacing those who retired or left government service. And guess what? The government is actually doing things more efficiently than it was before. We're still providing the needed services, and we're doing it with fewer people. The savings to the taxpayers nearly a billion and a half dollars a year in salaries alone. As you know, most civilian government jobs are not particularly hazardous. Yet we found that one out of every four retirements from government service was a disability retirement. The government didn't require much evidence of disability, and this led to considerable abuse of the system. Today, just by requiring adequate evidence before allowing that kind of retirement, the figure is down nearly 40% since 1979, with the savings to the taxpayer of more than a billion dollars by 1985. And to help prevent accidents and disabilities, we have initiated a new health and safety program for federal employees to reduce the number of injury claims by 3% per year over the next five years. The civil service retirement system is one of the most generous in the world. And of course, we all want dedicated government employees to be rewarded for their efforts, just as the overwhelming majority of Americans who work in the private sector deserve to be. But sometimes, civil servants have received preferred treatment. When we came to office, the civil service retirement system was indexing benefits to inflation twice a year, an advantage enjoyed by virtually no one in the private sector. By going to a once a year cost of living adjustment for federal retirees and by making other fair adjustments, we have continued to protect them from inflation while saving the taxpayers some two and a half billion by 1985. In recent weeks, there's been a lot of talk about my call for merit pay to reward outstanding teachers in America's schools. Well, I think the same principle should apply to the federal government itself. Earlier this year, we announced a proposal to require federal employees to earn, not just automatically inherit, their pay raises. We're still working with members of the Congress to refine this merit plan to reward good work and good workers so that you, the people, are better served by your government. Finally, there's something I'd like to get off my chest. It deals with all those headlines about the Pentagon paying $100 for a 4-cent diode or $900 for a plastic cap. What is missing or buried in all those stories about waste is who provided those figures for all the horror stories. This administration exposed those abuses, abuses that had been going on for years. It was Defense Secretary Cap Weinberger's people, his auditors and inspectors, who ordered the audits in the first place, conducted the investigations, and formed a special unit to prosecute defense-related fraud. In just an 18-month period, the Defense Department has obtained 650 convictions, and we're going to keep on exposing these abuses where we find them. I thought you deserved to know that. Until next week, thanks for listening. God bless you.


Good morning everybody. Today's going to be a beautiful day. Do you want to go back to dreaming or do you want to go to actually creating your dreams? Today we're going to talk about how to brainwash yourself for success.  Now I understand the word brainwash has a very bad connotation, but when I start to actually describe what I mean by that, it'll make a whole lot of sense to you.   All of that stuff is going into your brain. Your brain is getting it in there. It's filtering it through and then it's just storing all of the information is true. And so when you realize that every single bit of information, every single thing that comes into your awareness is brainwashing you, you start to realize, damn, maybe I should pay a lot more attention to the stuff that's coming into my awareness. Because ultimately the stuff that comes into my awareness is going to dictate who I'm going to become. Therefore how successful I'm going to be. And so I'm going to give you guys a ton of questions and a ton of things that I want you to think about. And I'm going to go through different areas of your life and how to change them up and how to brainwash yourself to be successful. First thing I think about is every morning starts with your alarm going off. Right? So how do you wake up? First thing to think about when your morning starts, how do you wake up? Do you wake up and hit the snooze button three times? Because you have to realize if you hit the snooze, think about the psychology of hitting the snooze button. You planned to wake up at let's say six AM and your alarm goes off at six AM and you go, I'm going to wait till 10 more minutes at six 10. I'm going to wait for 10 more at six 20. I'm going to wait for 10 more minutes, six 30. Right? You start your day off with a failure. Think about that psychologically. How you start your day is going to carry over to the rest of your days, the rest of the day.    So how do you start your day? Okay. Next thing, when you wake up, what are the feelings that you have as soon as you wake up?  That's not, that's not very common with a lot of people. Or is it, I just want to sleep somewhere. Think about that for a second, because that's also starting your day with a win or a loss.  Right? Or do you want to go back to dreaming or do you want to go to actually creating your dreams? That's the difference in the way that you wake up. So how do you wake up every single day? Right? The next thing I think about as far as being, you know, brainwash yourself to be successful is then what does your morning routine look like? Is your morning, first off, number one, do you have a morning routine? You should always have a morning routine in some sort of way, because that's how it starts your day. But if you do have a morning routine or not, if you do, is it planned or do you just kind of go into it and try to figure it out? Is it intentional? Do you go into your day with every single bit of intention? Do you have it?  So therefore I'm going to go and I'm going to start my day this way. I want to feel joy and peace and calm today. So I'm going to start my day with 15 minutes of gratitude in my meditation and be grateful for every single thing that I have so that I get more of that. Right? Do you start your day that way?  I got to take a shower. I got to get out of here real quick because I got to be at work in 20 minutes. How do you start your day? What does your morning routine look like? Also, another good question.  Right? Successful people review their goals often. So do you review your goals every single morning? What's your New Year's resolution?   Right? Do you review your day? Do you have a plan where you take time every single day and you look at what your day is going to look like in the morning so that you can go into that day with intention? Think about that for a second. The way that you wake up matters. The first hour of your day matters. Are you going into it with intention and being proactive? Are you going to it and being reactive? Are you looking at your phone immediately and getting sucked into Instagram and text messages and emails and phone calls? Or are you going, you know what? I'm going to focus on myself for the first hour of my day and I'm going to plan on how I can just focus on myself and then I can go into emails and then I can go into text messages and get the kids ready or whatever it is that you have going on. So what does the day look like for you when you start? If you want to brainwash yourself from the very beginning, think about that. The way that you start your day, the way to start every single day, matters.   Shouldn't you be turning off the news because I guarantee you, if you want to be successful, watching the news is going to hold you back from doing that. Right? So do you watch CNN or Fox News or MSNBC or CNBC or any of those things?  I guarantee you this.  So think about that.   Every single thing that you come in contact with on a daily basis, on an hourly basis, on a minute basis is brainwashing you in some sort of way. Are you in control of that brainwashing or somebody else in control of that brainwashing? Because there's brainwashing going on. The thing is, you can control it if you really want to. Another question. What are you reading? The average CEO reads 60 books per year. That's over a book a week. Are you reading in the first place? If you just want to be successful and you see, okay, if I just want to be successful, I should probably follow the same steps of other successful people. Right? That would make a whole lot of sense. So that's the case. And I realize, okay, CEOs tend to be successful. CEOs read 60 books per year. Maybe I should start reading more because at this point in time, I'm not even reading a book a year. Maybe I should just start reading more. Okay, what are you reading? Are you reading at all? First off, if the average CEO reads 60 books per year, realize they're not just reading 60 nonfiction books per year. They're reading books that are going to help them progress and get better. Are you reading nonfiction? Are you reading fiction? Are you reading business books? Are you reading self-help books? Are you reading books that are going to make you better? What are you reading? How are you doing that? Okay, what are you listening to throughout the day? Are you listening to music? What type of music are you listening to?  My stance has changed a lot over the years. I love music. I'm a musician. I listen to all types of music, but I had this big awakening that music is just affirmations with melody behind it. Right? So if you listen to some of the music that's out there, are these the things that I want to affirm into my life, this person that I'm listening to? Do I want to affirm the stuff that they're saying into my life or am I looking and going, ooh, I don't want to brainwash myself into believing what they're saying? Or are you going, I'm going to be intentional about what I'm listening to the music that I'm listening to.    What are you listening to? What are you reading? What are you allowing into your brain? It's something to think about because most people don't pay as much attention to all of these little teeny tiny things. Okay, another really big one you've heard me talk about many times. Who are you surrounding yourself with?  You're the average of the five people that you spend the most time with.  Write it down with a pen and paper. Look at your top five and say, are these the people that are supporting my growth into who I want to be or are these people keeping me in place or are these people actually pulling me back into who not even not even allowing me to progress into being the person I want to be. I say it all the time. If you're hanging out with five millionaires, you're going to be the six. If you hang out with five alcoholics, you're going to be the six. If you hang out with five really fit people, you're going to be the six. If you hang out with five really overweight people, you're going to be the six.  I guarantee you that. If you hang out with people that complain all the time, you're going to have a negative mindset.  They do not help you and assist you into becoming who you wanna be. So how do you brainwash yourself to be successful? You hang out with other people who are either successful or are on the same path as you, working to get better every single day so that it makes it easier for you to become that way. When you look at your top five, this is one of the things that's super important. You should have three people, around three people, and this can change a little bit, but just this is very important to understand. Around three people who are in the same vicinity as you as far as success, happiness, the amount of money in their bank account, all of the stuff that you want, peace, joy, all of those things. Three people that are around the same as you, but they're also pushing themselves to get to where they wanna be, which is also where you wanna be. So it's not just like you make $50,000 a year and you hang out with three people who are also making $50,000 a year. It's more like you hang out with, you make $50,000, they make $50,000, but they wanna make a million and you also wanna make a million, so then you're all going towards the same goal versus just staying in the exact same place. So you need three people that are around the same as you, but pushing themselves to be better, right?  This can be somewhere where you're like, all right, my business is at $100,000 a year, okay? So I've got three friends that their businesses are doing around $100,000 per year and they're all trying to get better. I have one friend who's about two to four years ahead of me. He's doing about $500,000 a year. Okay, if they're there because you can help them, they can help you and they also show you what's next for you. So it's like the friend and the mentor, a little bit of a mentor that shows you what's next. They're a couple of years ahead of you, two to four years ahead. It's important to have that person that's around you because it shows you what you're really close to and that's inspiring to see, makes you wanna get better. But then you have another person. The last one is someone who is very far ahead of you, someone who is 10 plus years ahead of you, right? Do you have friends? And you might say, well, I don't have anything in common with people that are 10 plus years older than me. Believe me, you have a lot more in common than you realize. I have some friends that are 10 and 20 years older than me, but we have a mutually beneficial relationship where I help them with certain things. They help me with certain things, but it shows me, okay, this friend of mine is worth $150 million, which is way further ahead than me, but it shows me what's possible over the next 10 or 15 years if I continue down this path. So who are you surrounding yourself with? So three people around the same as you that are on the same path, one person, the fourth person, is gonna be somebody who's about two to four years in front of you and then one person is far ahead of you, 10, 15, 20 years ahead that is literally like, this is who I could be if I just continue on this path. What's interesting is it's kind of like you learn through osmosis, they learn from you, you learn from them and you get to see how somebody that's far ahead of you and the standard that they hold themselves to and naturally you start to hold yourself to a higher standard and go, you know what? This person's amazing, but they're not out of reach. I could be in the exact same situation as them two years, five years, 10 years, 15 years, 20 years if I just continue on this path. So who do you surround yourself with?   Like we all know those types of people. Do you surround yourself with those types of people or the people who want to see you win? The people who are trying to help you win. Right, so who do you surround yourself with? Because they're gonna brainwash you to either be successful or not be successful, okay? What else do we have to think about as far as success goes? What are you feeding your body? I talk about all of the time. Whatever you put in your body is going to dictate whether you have enough energy throughout the day.  You're gonna have to have the energy to create it.  So what are you putting into your body? That's food. And also what are you feeding yourself besides just food as far as mentally coming in every single day? Energy is going to either help you create the life that you want or lack of energy is going to hold you back from creating the life that you want. So if we're trying to brainwash ourselves to be successful, shouldn't we also pay attention to whatever putting into our body?  Or are you drinking a lot of water?  One of the things that's real crazy is I find that I drink probably about a gallon and a half to two gallons every single day. I'm constantly pinging, which is the funny part about always drinking so much fricking water, but I'm 70% water. So shouldn't I be putting in water to assist with that? They found that people are dehydrated, their brains don't work as well.  So it's not even just about crappy foods.  Can you just drink enough water to have more energy? That's a crazy thing. How are you taking care of your body? Let's go to the next part. How are you taking care of it every single day? How are you working out? Are you stretching or doing yoga? I mean, you have to realize, I understand that the majority of the time when we're working to create whatever it is we're trying to create, you're sitting down, you're sedentary, you're not doing a whole lot.  So if nothing else, are you getting up and stretching every single hour? Are you taking the necessary precautions to make sure that your body's going to be healthy and how often are you working out? How are you taking care of your body? How much alcohol do you drink? How much caffeine do you drink? How much water do you drink? What type of food are you putting into your body? Every single thing that you do on a daily basis is affecting you in either a positive way or a negative way. If you just think of it that way, everything that you do is either affecting you positively or negatively. So that goes down to the time that you wake up.  So what you start asking yourself in the moment is right now, is this thing that I'm doing is it a positive or a negative? Right now, this burger that I'm eating in the middle of the day, is this gonna help me? Is this a positive or a negative? Is this gonna take energy away from me? Is this gonna add energy to me for me to be able to progress and become more successful? Is this person that I'm hanging out with right now, are they going to affect me positively or are they going to affect me negatively?  This music that I'm listening to, is it going to affect me positively or is it gonna be affecting me negatively? Every single thing that you do, every single thing that you see, everything that you hear, everything that you taste, touch, feel, all of those things are brainwashing you in some sort of way. The problem is that most people don't realize this, so they don't take control of their quote unquote brainwashing. Brainwashing is not a negative connotation. It just means that everything that comes into your awareness is going to affect the actions that you do or do not take. So if we're being smart, shouldn't we say, okay, if I wanna create the life that I want, if I wanna do what I want to do, if I want the future that I want, shouldn't I be in control of my own brainwashing? The answer is yes, you should. But what it takes is it takes intention. It takes a plan and it takes awareness every single moment to ask yourself is what I'm doing right now positively or negatively affecting me in the life that I'm trying to build and the success that I'm trying to have. If you ask yourself that moment to moment, you'll start to realize, you'll start to get away from the things that are not serving you and you'll start to build up more things that are serving you to create the life that you want. Hey, thanks so much for watching this video. If you wanna learn even more about Master Your Mind, click right here and watch this video as well. If you go back and look at some of the most successful people in the world, one of the things that you'll find among 95% of them is that they were.


Hey, this is Brett with Summit Auto in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, and today we are doing a walk-around review video on this brand new 2020 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon in Bikini Pro Coat Clear Coat. This is one of our first 2020s. It is definitely our first Bikini Rubicon that we've had on our lot. And I wanted to do a walk-around on it for everybody. Mainly because it is a Rubicon and the color. We actually have a clone to this vehicle in Sting Gray Metallic and you can actually check that video out in the upper right hand part of your screen. So click that to check out the Sting Gray one. But we're going to do a walk around here so you can see it from all the different angles. And then we're going to get up close and go into the particular options on this particular Rubicon. I know Jeep's got so many different packages on these Wranglers. They have over the years and they're actually going to be adding a whole bunch this year including the Willys I think is coming back. So I always like to go over them so everybody can kind of keep all the trim levels straight. Now this one has special add-on rims. So these are a $995 option to get these 17-inch painted and polished aluminum with the silver lips there. BF Goodrich All-Terrain LT285 70R17 tires. And they got a really aggressive all-terrain tread on them. This one has the color matched hard top which is an option. The color matched fenders which is an option as well. It also has the LED option lighting group.  Also has the LED fog lamps. Of course the seven-slotted grille with the gray inserts. The red tow hooks part of the Rubicon package. Also of course the Rubicon lettering on the side. And the Coal Induction Sport hood is part of the Rubicon package. You get the Granite Crystal Jeep lettering with the red accents. It is still called and unlimited. The Rubicon gives you this rock rail here which protects your body of the vehicle when you're going off-roading.  The T-50 put into the door hinges there. And just to show you everything that's on this particular Wrangler this is a 3-6. So you get 18 City 22 Highway for an average of 20. And feel free to pause this at any time. I'm not going to go through every option on here but you can see Bikini is a $195 option. The leather wrapped seats are $14.95. Cold weather group, trailer tow group, LED lighting group, 8.4 and premium audio group. 8-speed automatic and the three-piece hardtop and color matched body fenders are also listed there as well as those 17 inch rims. For an MSRP of $56,275. For final pricing please check out our website. Front crash test ratings get four star on there. I believe the doors are a lot lighter on the JLs than they were the JKs. So this one has a 3M protective covering on the fenders being in used car sales. You can these fenders always get chewed up a little bit from rocks and debris and stuff. Nice that they put a protector on there. Has the LED tail lamps as well. And this color matching hardtop is color matching on all three pieces. Wish it was a little bit brighter out. You can see the metal flake a little bit better. We shoot everything in 1080p 60 frames per second. So turn your HD capabilities on if you want. Has the full towing package which includes receiver H4 pin and 7 pin wiring. You get the LED license plate lights and the tail lights. They all come standard with backup cameras now. Has the Alpine subwoofer back here. You get the windshield roof and door hinge bolt holders as well as a nice storage space back here. Remember the JKs in 2015 started putting the subwoofer back here and you took all that storage space away. You get three bolts in the hardtop piece here and then two on top to take those off. The rails back here are painted as well so when you get the hardtop off everything matches. And you got two quick releases right there and they store into that place. There's also a 12 volt power point and this is the soft or this is the bag for the hardtop pieces on the front. The front hardtop pieces I should say. They made these doors a lot lighter so they open up and close a lot easier. They also don't like and see how smooth that is whereas like the old JKs they'd be like really bouncy. There's also a JL plate here which tells you things such as the overall length, wheel base and water folding for the Wranglers. Shuts nice and solidly. I'm not sure if this is the Rubicon or but you get a metal gas cap cover. Really a good looking Jeep. This one just has the heated mirrors. Inside the leather group gives you the black leather interior. What's cool about a Rubicon is you can either get it with leather all loaded up like this one or you can get it just cloth and as base as you can get. If you don't like all the options this one has the seat height adjuster and it does come with side current airbags which are now standard on the Wranglers factory floor mats in here. Auto headlamps, the tilt and telescopic steering wheel, power locks and power mirrors. And as we hop inside here you can see that it has the 7-inch LCD display, digital spinometer, outside temperature and compass display. The heated leather wrapped steering wheel part of that cold weather group with the red stitching part of the Rubicon group. Information center controls and Bluetooth audio controls on the left, audio controls on the back and cruise controls on the right. This one has the 8.4 4C radio with the navigation and premium audio system. You get the factory navigation on here. You also have AM FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities. And this is also where your backup camera shows up. This is an HD backup camera with dynamic grid lines, meaning that they spin or they turn when I turn the steering wheel. You got the center so when you're hooking up to a trailer or whatever that's right above your receiver hitch, which is nice. Now you can do your climb controls up here and your heated seat and steering wheel controls up there or you can do them down here. And you also have start-stop capability, stability control, downhill assist control and you can turn that screen off if you didn't like the light. It has the power windows and this is what really makes a Rubicon a Rubicon. Your front and rear locking axles or you can just do the rears now. But that option right there as well as the sway bar disconnect is what makes a Rubicon a Rubicon. Auxiliary for auxiliary switches. So if you're not doing a lot of off-roading and have a need for these two things, maybe Rubicon's overkill. You could get away with a Sahara or something. Augs USB and USB-C jacks right there. 8 speed automatic transmission. This one has the cold weather group gives you the remote start and the heavy-duty keyless entry is standard on all the Wranglers. I really like these key fobs. They're really heavy and kind of hard to do with gloves on. But that key flips out and the buttons are nice and big, easy to see. And we're getting close on time here actually already. It has the crushed eggshell finish. They took away those lockers. For the back you can see you got LED lighting throughout SOS and assist and this one does have your home link buttons and an auto dimming mirror. But the hardtop front pieces come off almost identical to the JKs. And there's a lot of room in the back seats. 115 volt, 150 watt plug-in, two USBs and two USB-C's back here. And these seats do go down nice and flat. And the headrest just stays down if you want it for better visibility. Yeah, you got those LED dome lights now.  And we're going to do one more quick walk around. I'd personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video. You will have gotten a really good idea for the bikini color and learn a little bit about the Rubicon in general. And just hopefully enjoyed the video. And if you want to check out more pictures of this vehicle in one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, you know what we got to go to our website www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at www.summitauto.com. If you want to check out more HD videos, you can go to www.youtube.com slash www.summitauto.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact, in a second you will see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left. A link to more Wrangler and new Jeep videos like this one on your right. If you haven't been to our website on the bottom link to this vehicle on our website, click those, check us out. And we're super excited to offer and show the 2020 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon in


Ahoy, ahoy, and welcome to the video. I'm Dr. Smerian, not a real doctor, and today we're going to talk about how the SCP Foundation is... one of its core principles is actually pretty bad for the world in general. I'm going to move away from the word evil, but it's real bad. It's real bad. So what is it about the SCP Foundation? Well, I mean, let's be clear, the SCP Foundation does lots of things that are very questionable. It's not entirely surprising to list off one of their core principles as, you know, bad. But the thing is, it's one of the things that people least expect. So I'd say the SCP Foundation has three core principles. They're secure, contain, protect, right? What do those individually mean? I mean, you put things into boxes, but there's a reason for that. You put things into boxes so that the world is safe from danger most of the time. And that's one of the few things the SCP Foundation does that isn't actively evil. But the second thing it does is technically protect a lot of anomalies from destruction. There are people in the world, or exploitation. There are people and or organizations out in the world who would exploit or destroy anomalies. The SCP Foundation keeps that from happening. Protect the world from anomalies is first. And protect anomalies from the world is last. But second in there is keep knowledge of anomalies out of the hands and minds of the average public. Protecting normalcy. And this is where we run into the serious issues with the SCP Foundation's both mission statement and their actual actions. So the SCP Foundation is trying to keep every single bit of anomalous, you know, every anomaly, every anything that they think of as non-normal out of the public eye. But this is hugely anti-progress. Now what does that mean? Okay, well let's talk about what normalcy is first. Normalcy is a completely subjective measure of the world and saying that this is what is or isn't, this is way things are or aren't supposed to be. Now if you travel back in time, which itself would be an anomaly, but I mean mentally, if you travel back in time to 100 years ago, to 400 years ago, to a thousand years ago, you will find that baseline normalcy is completely different than what we would consider today. Things that we consider commonplace like, I don't know, cell phone for example. A basic cell phone is magic to someone just 100 years ago, to somebody 400 years ago. I mean 100 years ago you could kind of describe what it is in the terms of like it's like your phone, but portable. And people will be like wow the technology must be really high for that, but for some people it would just be straight up magic. Scientists might be able to at least look at that phone and be like okay I can see the underlying principles, the radio waves and all these other things. Microwaves technically, but it's regardless. Go back 400 years ago and it's just magic period. Galileo, well it's just and Copernicus and you know there's a variety of old astronomers. These astronomers by the way and this can be this can actually be useful in describing the difference between normalcy and not normalcy. Astronomers in the 1600s and so on were equal parts astronomers and physicists and all these and mathematicians in a dual sense also astrologers. They were studying the stars primarily at first anyway for the purpose of making predictions, horoscopes and that sort of things. That's something that's left to the wayside quite a lot. Magic was something that sort of just you know we understood to be a real thing and then as science progressed we kind of moved out of that you know, but that's the funny part. What was normal then is also stuff that we would consider to be magical now like the idea that the earth that the the rest of the universe revolves around the earth. That seems really wrong, but that was the normal at the time and that's actually a very simple and very easy way to explain the difference between normalcy now and say 100 years from now and this is the problem with the SCP Foundation. Now we're going to bring it back around. The SCP Foundation is actively preventing progress both scientific and elsewise both I should say scientific cultural and societal progress is being actively prevented by the secrecy of the SCP Foundation. Now from a writing standpoint from a narrative standpoint the masquerade or the veil or the idea that this sort of magical stuff is kept secret makes sense and in a lot of cases there makes sense that some entity or organization is helping to keep these things secret. If you go into any sort of supernatural fiction not all supernatural fiction but most supernatural fiction has this narrative conceit that magic and all these other things are not known to the wider world. Harry Potter is a good example of that. Joss Whedon's Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Angel both have that exact thing vampires exist but people are always surprised when they when they come up not everyone some people behind the scenes understand these things. So you can go through any supernatural fiction and most of them have at least some masquerade or veil and the fuse that don't you know had a masquerade or veil that's been broken again from a narrative standpoint this is great and for the SCP Foundation it's necessary for its narrative conceit because the narrative conceit of the SCP Foundation is this could this is our this is our world you've stumbled upon a database in our world and therefore there has to be secrecy relating to anomalies or else you would already just know about it but the justification of it of having the SCP Foundation be the group that is actually like the strong not the only one but the strongest towards keeping anomalies secret means that you know medical breakthroughs or technological breakthroughs or even just in general life-saving technologies are actively being prevented from being distributed worldwide okay SCP 500 can cure anything you don't think the scientists of the world somewhere somehow that aren't in the SCP Foundation might be able to examine those pills and if not replicated at least draw important what's the word I'm looking for here scientific breakthroughs from them all of the anomalous animals or plants out there that are being kept secret you have any idea how many life-saving drugs or life-changing treatments of disease have come about from studying novel animals and plants and the enzymes and the various chemicals that they produce and then examining how they interact with biology and using that to develop other things science is all this is the thing science isn't about being right and I feel like the SCP Foundation is set up as a sort of science ford quasi militaristic organization and that's fine but the fundamental understanding of science for the SCP Foundation feels like it's the opposite of the way it should be because the SCP Foundation is about ensuring that science is right and you might be thinking well of course that doesn't let the point no the point of science isn't to be right that that's the point of religion religion is about being right science is about being wrong about being able to make predictions about the world that match your findings and then being able to test those finds if you can't be wrong it's bad science okay if you if there's no you know and then if that's the thing like there are science there's science being done that is just plain wrong and they don't and but their findings come back and be like yeah absolutely everything is as it should be because the SCP Foundation actively keeps knowledge from the scientific community where they could understand fundamental principles of the world of how anomalies and anomalies in the SCP Foundation universe are part of the world they follow underlying principles and it's possible that a grand scheme of physics and anomalous anomalous physics could be found if enough people came together to actually work on it but nobody gets that opportunity because nobody knows that the magical poop statue exists if they did they'd be like okay well let's put that let's plug that into our data and start working on why this exists and how it works in doing and and let's not even talk about the individual costs of preserving the veil somebody discovers anomalies and they get amnesticized and yeah am i getting it right this time amnesticized i want to say amni it's amnest amnesticized in a lot of cases the amnestics are treated as though they aren't what's the word harmful okay but i feel like it's that's a cop out in a lot of stories and i think that it's i think it's worth it in many of the stories i've written and i've written quite a lot for the scp wiki i'm gonna probably start continuing continuing forward at least when amnestics are used understanding that there is a cost associated with wiping somebody's memory um because otherwise i feel like that you're missing some narrative value there but regardless amnestics probably have a permanent long-term effect on somebody's mental well-being they they must um because of the way the brain works and if not they're magical and also could you imagine the usage of amnestics on people with traumatic experiences if somehow it literally wipes them from your brain and all the effects of what happened from them and this is the this is this is just an example the scp foundation has a tool which would be incredibly useful to a wide range for a wide range of psychiatric illnesses and they keep it secret the scp foundation's active control of the veil and actively promoting the the secrecy around anomalies is uneval actually i didn't i said at the beginning i wasn't gonna say that i've actually changed my mind it is uneval because you are actively maliciously hurting the world by doing so and i don't really think there's much of an argument to be made else why it's like what is what's gonna happen well there's there's just this idea in fiction that if we knew that for example aliens we knew that aliens existed oh my god all the world religions would fault no they wouldn't they'd spend a day having an existential crisis and then the next day they would come up with this is how this the aliens uh fit into our scripture look right here it talks about angels coming down from the sky that's what these guys are that's it that's that's what happens religion's not going to be upended by knowledge they just they ignore the knowledge it doesn't fit with what they think does and the stuff that's unignorable they integrate into the religion that's how religion functions uh anyway or the world being like oh my god we have a cure for cancer now that's going to what no that's not gonna cause i mean that will cause societal shifts by the way because cancer is a primary driver of death so let's say you cure cancer and heart disease but you don't cure cognitive decline well that's going to put a huge pressure on uh on societies and cultures when they have to care for their 80 90 100 130 year old uh relatives and or just people in society in general who you know can't care for themselves anymore so yes there would be societal effects but the societies would adapt to them the worst part of all is that because of the arresting of natural progress now there is an argument to be made that there would be some harm from the masquerade or the veil being broken because they've kept it secret for so long they've held back the water for so long that when the dam does break there will be consequences but i still don't think those consequences would be serious enough to actually be a serious issue like i said with the say you finally cure for cancer and heart disease it's the one of the primary death types of death in the world is cancer or heart disease if you cure these things because you've not because the progress didn't come gradually as it would have if you had done nothing if you'd not interfered because that progress doesn't come gradually yes society would you know have a whole generation of people who are 130 140 years old that would have to be cared for in a certain way but again that assumes you can't cure cognitive decline which maybe you can the whole situation is you've created your own problem and then been like well we have to do it because you know if we don't the problem that we created will uh by doing it will become a problem no just get the fuck out of the business man keep the dangerous stuff in a box and let the rest of the stuff and like keep the dangerous stuff in a box and keep it publicly documented you assholes anyway that's it thank you very much for watching if you enjoyed the video hit the subscribe button and then hit the notification bill next to that so you're notified when i upload new videos and then head on over to patreon.com forward slash d samarian and pledge at any level like everybody here on the screen already has including mc kejmill who has pledged $50 and sin jerikey who has pledged at $100 it is nice to know that i'm not alone out here and also i guess i can say this now that it's over my birthday was yesterday i'm 36 years old no that is something to think about but it is nice to know that i'm not alone out here and i will see you all again on thursday


companies that are now moving to the next item of business, or is consideration of parliamentary bureau motion 1163 on approval of an SSI and I ask George Adam on behalf of Parliamentary bureau to move the motion. I'm quite happy to speak on it if you wish. OK, then. I have 15 SSIs—only joking, there's only one—the health and protection coronavirus International Scotland amendment number 13, regulations 2021, SSI 2020, 21, 237, came into force on 14 June, and its purpose was to extend the definitions for elite sport for Birmingham Commonwealth Games. The question on this motion will be put at decision time, and there are five questions to be put as a result of today's business. And may I remind members that if the amendment in the name of Douglas Ross is agreed, then the other amendments will fall. So the first question is that amendment 1123.2 in the name of Douglas Ross, which seeks to amend motion 1123 in the name of John Swinney on Covid vaccine certification scheme be agreed. Are we all agreed? The Parliament is not agreed, therefore we will move to a vote, and there will be a short suspension to allow members to access the digital voting system. Thank you. I remind members that if the amendment in the name of Douglas Ross is agreed, then the other amendments will fall. The question is that amendment 1123.2 in the name of Douglas Ross, which seeks to amend motion 1123 in the name of John Swinney on Covid vaccine certification scheme be agreed. Members should cast their votes now. The vote is now closed. Point of order, Alex Cole-Hamilton. Presiding Officer, my internet crashed and I would have voted yes. Thank you, Mr Cole-Hamilton. We will ensure that that's recorded. The result of the vote on amendment 1123.2 in the name of Douglas Ross is yes 55, no 68, there were no abstentions, the amendment is therefore not agreed. The next question is that amendment 1123.3 in the name of Jackie Baillie, which seeks to amend motion 1123 in the name of John Swinney on Covid vaccine certification scheme be agreed. Are we all agreed? The Parliament is not agreed, therefore we will move to a vote, and members should cast their votes now. The vote is now closed. The result of the vote on amendment 1123.3 in the name of Jackie Baillie is yes 55, no 68, there were no abstentions, the amendment is therefore not agreed. The next question is that amendment 1123.1 in the name of Alex Cole-Hamilton, which seeks to amend motion 1123 in the name of John Swinney on Covid vaccine certification scheme be agreed. Are we all agreed? The Parliament is not agreed, therefore we will move to a vote, and members should cast their votes now. The vote is now closed. Thank you, Presiding Officer. It seems that Alex Cole-Hamilton has infected this little area, and I have no internet connection either, so I would have voted no. Thank you, Ms Chapman. The vote will be recorded. Point of order, Richard Leonard. Yes, point of order, Presiding Officer. I, too, was disconnected, and if I had been able to vote, I would have voted to abstain. Thank you, Mr Leonard. We'll ensure that that is recorded. The result of the vote on amendment number 1123.1, and the name of Alex Cole-Hamilton, is yes 33, no 68, there were 22 abstentions, the amendment is therefore not agreed. The next question is that motion 1123 in the name of John Swinney on Covid vaccine certification scheme be agreed. Are we all agreed? The Parliament is not agreed to, therefore we will move to a vote, and members should cast their votes now. The vote is now closed. The result of the vote on motion 1123 in the name of John Swinney is yes 68, no 55, there were no abstentions, the motion is therefore agreed. The final question is that motion 1163 in the name of George Adam on approval of an SSI be agreed. Are we all agreed? The motion is, therefore, agreed. That concludes decision time, and I close this meeting.


We have established the principle of Equipartition of Energy. Each quadratic term in the expression for total energy, what we call a quadratic degree of freedom, will contribute one-half the gas constant, R, to the molar heat capacity at constant volume. These terms can be quadratic in a linear or angular momentum, P, or in a linear or angular coordinate, Q. The total heat capacity is the number of degrees of freedom over 2 times R. This formula underlies the classical theory of heat capacity. Let's apply this theory to diatomic molecules. We model a diatomic molecule as two-point mass atoms, each with mass M, rigidly separated by a distance D. For simplicity, we only consider the case in which both atoms are the same element. Then the center of mass is at the center of this dumbbell shape. A molecule's center of mass can translate with velocity vj along any spatial dimension, with j equal to 1, 2, or 3. This contributes one-half 2M vj squared to the total energy. In addition, the molecule can rotate about its center of mass with angular velocity omega j, where j equals 1, 2, or 3 corresponds to one of the body's three so-called principal axes of inertia. This contributes one-half ij omega j squared to the total energy. With ij the jth moment of inertia, for a highly symmetric object like our dumbbell model, the principal axes of inertia can be determined by inspection. They are shown here as red, green, and blue cylinders. One rotational mode is about the red axis. A second mode is about the green axis. And a third mode is about the blue axis. More complicated rotations can be formed from a combination of these three basic rotations. For point masses M separated by distance D, the moment of inertia for rotation perpendicular to the molecule's central axis, the red and green axes in the previous video, is one-fourth Md squared. For rotation about the central axis, the blue axis in the previous video, the moment of inertia is zero because all mass lies on the axis itself. Therefore, there can be no kinetic energy associated with this third rotational mode. The result is that our rigid diatomic molecule model has five degrees of freedom, three translational and two rotational. The predicted molar heat capacity is therefore five-halves R, which equals 20.79 joules per mole Kelvin. This agrees well with the observed nitrogen value of 20.8. The oxygen value, however, is higher by a small but physically significant amount. We've seen how quantum mechanics can explain a continuous reduction with temperature in the effective number of degrees of freedom, and hence the heat capacity. But to increase heat capacity, we need an increase in degrees of freedom. We can increase the degrees of freedom by taking molecular vibration into account. Molecules are not rigid bodies. Instead, the atoms are held together by chemical bonds, which can be stretched and compressed about their equilibrium length. This motivates us to model the diatomic molecule as two masses connected by a spring. We know that vibration in a single spatial dimension introduces two additional degrees of freedom, one for the translational kinetic energy of the masses, and one for the potential energy of the spring. So our total number of degrees of freedom is now seven. This predicts a molar heat capacity of 29.1, which is much larger than the observed nitrogen and oxygen values. But now we can explain a reduction in the predicted value using quantum mechanics. At room temperature, the additional two degrees of vibrational freedom might be completely frozen for nitrogen and almost but not completely for oxygen. Following the Einstein model, let's define the vibrational temperature of a vibrational mode with frequency new as h nu over k. The vibrational temperatures for nitrogen and oxygen are 3521 and 2256 kelvin. Note that using a simple spring to model a chemical bond is an approximation that glosses over the complexity of real bonds. But for our purposes, it's a good one. Now we use the Einstein model's expression for the heat capacity of one mole of a harmonic oscillator, evaluating this contribution at room temperature. For nitrogen, we find 0.01 joules per mole kelvin. Adding this to the rigid body value 20.79, we get 20.80, which matches the observed value of 20.8. For oxygen, we find 0.25. Adding this to 20.79, we obtain 21.04, very close to the observed value of 21.1. Another manifestation of quantum mechanics is in molecular rotation. The kinetic energy associated with rotation about a single axis is one half i omega squared with i the moment of inertia about that axis. The corresponding angular momentum is L equals i omega. According to quantum mechanics, angular momentum about a given axis is quantized to integer multiples of h bar, Planck's constant over 2 pi. If we set L equal to h bar, then omega equals h bar over i. Substituting this into the kinetic energy expression, we get h bar squared over 2i. Then, we can set this energy equal to Boltzmann's constant K times a temperature, T rotational. This defines the rotational temperature as h bar squared over 2 Ki. Let's examine the implications for the three diatomic molecules, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. If we take the mass of a hydrogen atom to be 1, then the nitrogen and oxygen atomic masses are 14 and 16. If we take the hydrogen molecule bond length to be 1, then the nitrogen and oxygen bond lengths are 1.5 and 1.6. Since moment of inertia is proportional to m times d squared, the nitrogen and oxygen moments are about 30 and 40 times the hydrogen values. Calculating the actual moments and rotational temperatures, we find temperatures of 87.6, 2.88, and 2.08 Kelvin for hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen. The hydrogen value is about 30 times the nitrogen value and about 40 times the oxygen value. Let's look at the corresponding boiling points at standard pressure. If the rotational temperature is well below the boiling temperature, then as temperature decreases, the gas will condense to liquid form before we see significant effects of freezing of its rotational degrees of freedom. This is the case for nitrogen and oxygen. But for hydrogen, the rotational temperature is much larger than the boiling temperature. So when the low-temperature heat capacity of hydrogen gas is measured, we can see the rotational freezing effect. Near the boiling point, the heat capacity of hydrogen gas corresponds to just the molecules 3 degrees of translational freedom. The rotational degrees of freedom are frozen. Only near room temperature do the rotational degrees of freedom thaw, and hydrogen heat capacity approaches that of a classical diatomic molecule. We now have enough theory to sketch out, conceptually, the behavior of diatomic gas molar heat capacity at constant volume with respect to temperature. Near absolute zero, the substance is a solid, and heat capacity is governed by the Debye model. As temperature increases, the solid transitions to the liquid phase. Liquids are difficult to model, and we don't have good, generally applicable models for their heat capacity. At still higher temperature, the liquid transitions to the gas phase. If, as for hydrogen, this occurs below the rotational temperature, gas molecules will have only three translational degrees of freedom, and the heat capacity will be that of an ideal monatomic gas, 3 halves r. As temperature increases further, the two rotational degrees of freedom thaw, and heat capacity smoothly transitions to 5 halves r. As temperature approaches the vibrational temperature, the two vibrational degrees of freedom thaw, and heat capacity approaches 7 halves r. Based on the theory we have developed so far, after this transition, heat capacity should not change further with increasing temperature. Let's compare the behavior of hydrogen gas to our model. At its boiling point, heat capacity divided by r is 3 halves. As temperature increases, this smoothly increases to 5 halves and levels out. As temperature increases further, it smoothly increases to 7 halves. So far, the behavior agrees with our theory. But at even higher temperature, heat capacity does not level out at the 7 halves value. Instead, it continues to increase. We do not yet have an explanation for this, but we will revisit the phenomenon later. Let's see how we can extend our diatomic molecule results to more complex molecules. We will use water as an example. The water molecule consists of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms. Treating this as a rigid body, there will be three translational degrees of freedom for the center of mass. And if, as for water, the atoms do not lie on a single line, there is no axis of zero moment of inertia, so we have three additional rotational degrees of freedom. Here is the first rotational mode, the second, and the third. For vibration, we can reason as follows. If the n atoms in a molecule were unbound, there would be three n translational degrees of freedom. We have already associated three degrees of freedom with translation of the center of mass and three degrees of freedom with rotation about the center of mass. This leaves three n minus six translational degrees of freedom to describe the vibration. Each of these will have an associated potential degree of freedom also. Here is one vibrational mode called the symmetric mode. Here is the asymmetric mode. And here is the bending mode. For water vapor, the quadratic degrees of freedom are three translation and three rotation of and about the center of mass and six of vibration for a total of twelve. So classical physics predicts a molar heat capacity of twelve over two equals six times r. However, the observed value near the boiling point of water is only about three r. But we know how to explain this as due to the six vibrational degrees of freedom being frozen out. The vibrational temperatures for the symmetric, asymmetric, and bending modes are 51, 58, 50, 44, and 27, 12 Kelvin. We can use these to form a simple model of water vapor molar heat capacity. We have three r for the six degrees of freedom for translation and rotation of and about the center of mass. Then for each of the three vibrational modes, we add an Einstein model term at the corresponding vibrational temperature. Comparing our model to the observed values, we see that it gives fairly accurate results except for very high temperatures. There the model flattens out towards the value six r, while the observed values pass through six r at a bit more than 4,000 Kelvin and continue to increase beyond that. So we have developed a reasonably good explanation for the heat capacity of a solid or gas based on the classical numbers of degrees of freedom combined with the concept of quantum mechanical freezing of vibrational and possibly rotational modes. But we've seen that our model has a major failing. It does not explain how heat capacity can exceed the prediction of classical physics. Quantum freezing can only explain values below the classical value. How then do we explain heat capacity above the classical limit?