What is up guys karma medic here and welcome back to another dose Phoenix of the channel. Hi My name is Nasser and I'm a fourth year medical student studying at King's College London in today's video I'm gonna be doing probably the most highly requested thing that you guys have been asking me to do my YouTube comment section Instagram DMs Twitter DMs You guys won't stop asking me for a tutorial about my intro now. This is a really important skill in life It's one that you want to make sure that you've harnessed before you've left high school But if you haven't learned it in high school, you definitely want to know about this before you get to university Now once you've nailed the intro That's when you can move on to eating eggs every single day doing 10 hour long study with me videos You know micro managing every little aspect of your life in notion taking breaks from YouTube And I'm sure you all want to know why it is that I'm gonna take a break But before you move on to those sort of more complex difficult and technical skills You really want to master the intro now because this is a really complicated skill I'm gonna be breaking up this video into three parts. We're gonna start with the what is up guys Then we're gonna move on to the karma medic here and finally we're gonna finish with the welcome back to another dose So let's start with the what is up guys now you guys want to make sure that you're completely relaxed You want to relax your mouth your facial muscles your body you want to make sure your arms are nice and loose because besides speaking You got to move your hands as well. It's first things first. What song are we using? We're using a song called loudness by Hoakim Karoud.  Yo, well, I'm jumping the gun So just show you what it looks like in a perfect technique and form something like this What is up guys and then the guys in what is up guys? You're not saying guys you're saying like g followed by eyes like this so guys like gah e y e s So what is up guys as in the eyes and that's how you're gonna say it right Just like practicing martial arts flying a plane learning how to cook you don't want to jump the gun and go on too fast So I want you guys to repeat this for a couple of days maybe a couple of weeks Make sure you do get that intro part right if you don't get the initial part right Then it's going to be difficult to build onto that and move on to the entire intro All right, so moving on to the karma medic here. This is like the peak of the intro This is the crescendo. This is where you know the orchestrator is like This is where the most important part is you want to make sure that you do this part justice It's the karma medic here the k the k k karma medic All right, you want to make sure that you get this right so what is up guys karma medic here So now when we say the karma medic here what we're doing with our hands is we're going Karma medic here. We're closing our hands into this sort of Thing what is up guys and then we close karma medic here practice it with me What is up guys karma medic here and then when we say here for the karma medic here We're not saying h e r e what we're saying is h followed by ear as in here ear That's how you're going to get the pronunciation right So we started with the what is up guys karma medic here and welcome back.  Don't jump ahead one thing at a time. All right Now I know that's a really difficult step So if you want pause the video, you know call your mom your siblings your friends get them to watch you Saying get back make sure that it's the same tone inflection hand movements You know, you want to make sure that you've nailed parts one and two before you move on to part three So i'll give you guys a couple of hours or days to practice part two and you can come back for part three in a bit And so this is when the intro comes together in this beautiful composition I mean critics have compared it to the likes of mozar, betovin, shofar, etc Out of the thousands of people who have attempted the karma medic intro who have sacrificed their life Towards getting this intro right passed it down from generation to generation from father to daughter from daughter to son This is what has caused people the most trouble and is the riskiest part of the karma medic intro If you feel like it's getting too much just take a break You know come back a little bit later when you're refreshed when you have lots of energy And you're ready to go forward. All right, so this is when you need your hands to be the most fluid You want to make sure you're relaxed You just finished the karma medic here And now you're about to break your hands and come back for the welcome back to another dose Now when you say the dose you're gonna want to hit dose hit on the beat again. Boom I know it's difficult But just just one step at a time bear with me. You will get it. You will get it. I promise And so now that you've mastered parts one two and three you can put it all together by just rolling the intro music waiting for the drop What is up guys karma medic here and welcome back to another dose And that's it. I hope you guys enjoyed this video Obviously very different to what we usually do here, but I thought it would be really fun Please do recreate my karma medic intro and share it with me on instagram or twitter tag me so that I can see it And yeah, that's pretty much it guys. I'll catch you in the next one. Peace


We now turn to the next example, which is given here. The pressure at the entrance of a transistor bind runner is 238.6 kPa. The shaft turns at 210 rpm. At the exit, the flow leaves without swirl. The inlet radius is R1 equal to 910 millimeters and the exit radius is R2 equal to 760 millimeters. The relative velocity entering the runner is C1 equal to 10.2 meter per second and the flow angle of the relative velocity leaving the runner is beta2 equal to minus 72 degrees. The blade height is constant at B equal to 0.6 meters. Find the power delivered by the turbine and the pressure at the exit. At the exit, the blade speed may be calculated from the rotational speed and the outlet radius as U2 equal to 2 pi n R2 divided by 60 equal to 16.7 meter per second. Since V theta2 equal to 0, we may evaluate the radial velocity at exit PR2 equal to V2 equal to U2 divided by tangent of beta2 as 5.43 meter per second. From mass conservation across the exit and inlet of the rotor, we may evaluate VR1 like this which then gives VR1 at 4.54 meter per second and this is the same as CR1. Now, at the inlet, the blade speed may be calculated as 20 meter per second. From the inlet velocity triangle, C1 cosine beta1 is equal to CR1. So, if you look at the inlet velocity triangle, C1 cosine beta1 is equal to CR1. So, this is CR1. So, we can evaluate beta1 as arc cosine CR1 divided by C1 which gives us two possible answers plus minus 63.5 degrees. So, now we have to decide which one of these values we can use or which one of these values actually is physically realistic. Let us go ahead with both the values and we will make this decision at a later point. So, we can obtain, depending upon the angle that we use, V theta1 as U1 plus or minus C1 sine beta1 which after substituting the known values gives 29.13 meter per second or 10.87 meter per second for V theta1. Consequently, if we evaluate alpha1 as arc tangent of V theta1 over VR1, we get alpha1 to be 81.14 degrees or 67.33 degrees. Now, 81.14 as can be seen is too extreme. So, let us take a look at the velocity triangle one more time. So, an angle of alpha1, an angle of 81.14 for alpha1, as you can see we will make this absolute velocity vector almost parallel to the U1 or blade speed direction. And so, it would appear as if the absolute velocity vector is parallel to the tangent to the circle at this point. And so, the flow seems to be entering the rotor almost tangentially. So, contrary to the previous example, here when we say tangentially, we mean the absolute velocity entering the rotor tangential to the circle. Whereas in the previous example, and we said the guide vanes allow the water to enter the rotor tangentially. What we meant was the guide vanes adjust C1 so that C1 is tangential to the blade tangent at entry which is how it should be for ideal entry without any shock losses. Whereas in this case, an alpha of 81.14 makes V1 almost parallel to U1 and that is somewhat unrealistic. So, we will discard this choice for alpha and we will use the negative value for beta. So, this is obtained from the positive value for beta. So, we will use the negative value for beta which is minus 63.5. So, notice that the inlet velocity triangle in this case appears to be different from the way we have drawn here. So, alpha 1 is positive whereas beta 1 is negative. So, that means alpha 1 is such that V1 is in the counter clockwise direction to the radial direction. And beta 1 is negative which means C1 is going to be in the clockwise direction to the reference direction. So, we need to keep that in mind when we do the calculations from here onwards. So, we take beta 1 equal to minus 63.5 degrees. So, the absolute velocity at inlet may be evaluated using Pritagal's theorem like this and it comes out to be 11.78 meter per second. The volume flow rate at entry may also be calculated as we did earlier. It is 2 pi over 1 times the height of the rotor times the radial velocity at inlet which gives us 15.575 meter cube per second. Hence, the power generated that is the hydraulic power assuming no losses is equal to rho times Q times V theta 1 times U1 which gives us 3386 kilowatts. Now, if you apply SFE across the rotor and take into account the fact that water is an incompressible fluid and we also assume that the flow is isothermal that there is no change in internal energy. Then we end up with an expression that looks like this. And if you substitute the known values on the right hand side, we get P2 minus P1 over rho as minus 162.76 from which using the given value for P1, we may evaluate P2 as 75.84 kilopascals. So, we can see that the pressure does indeed decrease from inlet to the exit of the rotor. So, this completes this for the example. The layout of Francis Stelbine is shown in this illustration which is reproduced from the fluid mechanics textbook by Fox McDonnell and Pritchard. In fact, any reaction machine whether it is Francis Stelbine or the Kaplan turbine that we are going to discuss next uses an almost identical layout. The turbine is a vertical axis turbine in these cases. Water from the dam or reservoir at a higher elevation is brought through a penstock to the turbine runner. The fluid passes through the scroll casing and then the runner and then exits into a reservoir downstream which is usually called a tail brace. Now, the draft tube which is shown here is a diverging passage that is used to increase the effective head in such a reaction turbine installations. Let us see how this is accomplished. Now, when the draft tube is absent, notice that the free surface of the tail brace would be in line with the exit of the runner. So, the effective head on the turbine would then be the difference in elevation between the free surface of the water in the reservoir and the free surface of the water in the tail brace. So, that would be the effective head. In other words, this would be the effective head in the absence of a draft tube. The presence of the draft tube allows the effective head to be increased in the following manner. Since it is a diverging passage, the velocity or kinetic energy of the fluid that leaves the runner can be converted into a pressure head here. And the tail brace in this case has to be lowered from the level that it was at before. Now, notice that since the free surface of the tail brace is at atmospheric pressure, my Pascal's law point here would also be at atmospheric pressure, which then implies that the pressure at the exit of the runner is less than atmospheric. So, the effective head acting on the runner would then be this height plus an additional height which is the length of the draft tube. So, the effective head is increased by pretty much the length of the draft tube in this case. So, this increases the power since the power is proportional to the effective head that acts on the runner. But the disadvantage or a downside to having the draft tube is that since the pressure at the exit of the runner is more negative, there is a likelihood that cavitation may occur at the exit of the runner. So, this has to be taken into account when designing the draft tube. Plus, since the draft tube is a diverging passage, there is also a danger of flow separation in this diverging passage. So, this also has to be taken into account while designing the draft tube. This completes our discussion of Francis Turbine.


You know what? The last half was good. Hey guys, this is my review for episode 19 of Supernatural season 12. This was called the future and this episode started off with my face like this. Because the beginning of the episode is mean having a hissy fight with Castiel and I don't know just in the recent few weeks, the few episodes, just some people have commented on it and I've started noticing it just the child, the childish sort of banter between the brothers and Castiel or any time Dean is mad at someone and the fact that he's trying to become more and more like Batman just made me just roll my eyes the whole scene. However, Cast has a reason for being upset. He has literally had no he has basically just been a failure after failure after failure for like five seasons straight. He hasn't really helped with anything. The last time I could successfully say he really helped was really was season 5. Really. Everything else he's kind of just ruined. Either way. So what we find out is they actually find Kelly and the baby who actually saved Kelly from committing suicide. She's literate in the bathtub, but she survived.  However, day gone and pretty much every sort of fire in my being thought that it's just keeping you alive so it can survive. The thing that this season is leading up to is the idea. Remember in season 5 there was that kid who was the child of a human and a demon. Now he has superpowers. This is basically it except times more, I guess. But that is definitely what this season is leading up to.  So we'll see what happens. I have a feeling Kelly's gonna die or he's gonna rip the baby out of her or something like that. Either way, the first half of this episode was kind of just mundane, very boring, but then afterwards when when Castiel really gets a connection with Kelly and Kelly starts to see that Castiel has a purpose, the baby is saying that the Castiel will have a purpose. And at that end point when the freaking cold got destroyed, you brought back the cold only to destroy it. Thanks season 12. We see Castiel, he seems to have his powers back, but he's also kind of on the same trip he was, I don't know, it's kind of when he first appeared. He's very powerful, just knocks out the brothers and all that, but I'm still on the side. I do not know whether the baby is gonna be good or not. This is actually something that's kind of cool, morally conflicted sort of aspect of the story. We don't know. So it destroyed Dagon in an instant, but why would it do that? That was something that kind of made me think otherwise is if it was evil, why would it help destroy Dagon? Who has been taking care of protecting Kelly, so kind of interesting idea there, but otherwise, we'll see. So in the end, I think this episode was decent. I would say the first half of it is really boring and really mundane and funny thing was at one point Castiel even said that he really has there's never been a plan. There's kind of this they just go from place to place. They wing everything. That has basically been this entire season, but either way, this was a four out of seven episode. I am looking forward to how it ends. This is a more interesting aspect than when Lucifer was a whiny baby being a rocker or when he was went the mental letter stuff. You still could have used Lucifer being the president as an actual idea, but either way. Anyway guys, that's all from me. See you guys next time.


Merry Christmas everyone and happy holidays. Our Ohana and friends join us tonight so we can celebrate the holidays together. We want this to be a happy and thankful time. So we've brought Pastor Neo McPherson in for his special and inspiring Christmas blessing. I like the music. I'm looking forward to the Christmas carols by the carolers and Myla Gibson-Bandman. And I also want to hear what you're doing Sharon and serving our community. So let's start first music and then blessings from Pastor McPherson. Joy to the ten-ten-en-hich-er-sy-hich-er-sy. Joy to the many-hich-er-sy-hich-er-sy. I'm a Ho-Oli Makahiki Ho. Let us begin with a word of thanks to Senator Sharon Moriwaki. For her untiring service to the district she represents. And her deep commitment to the common good and well-being of all Hawai'i's people. Mahalo anui loa Sharon. We gather for this holiday program and I would like to just say a word about the word holiday before offering a simple blessing. For Christians these joyful holidays mark the celebration of the birth of the Christ child. Who's coming heralded good tidings of peace and goodwill in the earth. At the same time those who do not count themselves as Christians, but who embrace other traditions are invited to participate in this special season. The word holiday means holy day and indeed these days are holy days set aside from ordinary time. They are days when all of us are invited to focus on the things that make for goodness and wholeness in our community and our world. Things like neighborliness, peace, justice, a faithful stewardship of the earth and a strengthening of our relationships with one another. Our desire is that these life-giving values may remain with us as we enter the days of the new year. And so let us pray. Oh God bless this gathering and our time together. Bless these holy days when we are reminded of those things that make for life and wholeness in our families, our communities and in our world. We pray that even as we face the challenges of the lingering pandemic, homelessness, lack of affordable housing, the natural disasters that come our way, the environmental degradation we continue to witness and the injustices so many must face in their lives. In the midst of all of these challenges, we may still choose to embrace the love, the hope, the joy and the peace of this holy season that surrounds us. We pray that all that we hold dear during this time of the year will renew within us a desire to work for the well-being of all and the health of the earth all the days and years of our life together. Amen. Thank you to this pastor for inspiring us as we pause to take in the meaning of Christmas and the holiday season. We come together tonight to bring in the holidays. We love to hear from all of you and to share our comparative experiences from a year of being closed in and opened and then closed and then opened, had enough yet. And with the end of the program to toast out the year we hope would have ended sooner and toast in a much better 2022. So get your champagne or wine and be ready. But first, let's get back to our program. I'd like to show what Sharon has been doing for us as state senator. We've asked several of Sharon's friends to tell us. And of course, we've asked her to tell us what she's been doing. First, Dave Moskowitz, known to many in Waikiki as a former restaurant manager and then active caring resident of the district. Hi Dave Moskowitz here. You know, I wanted to talk to you all about my experience and my time and known Senator Sharon Moriwaki. You know, I met Sharon at a Waikiki neighborhood board and she began to run her office. We hadn't known each other before then. And we got to know her personally over a while. We started working together on issues. And I have to say, I've worked in politics since I was 18, 52 years ago, worked for a lot of noble U.S. Senators. We're hungry, down badly, made more so, I've been doing politics. And she is exemplary in her behavior as a representative for constituents anywhere in, especially in Waikiki and I've known the others. And she's done so much for people. She helped numerous, including my roommate, with unemployment funds. So many people had so many struggles and issues with obtaining their payments for unemployment. She really went out way and beyond what I would ever expect from anyone. And actually, I mean, I've helped about 15 people, and I know she must have helped even 10 times that amount. She's really, I got calls from people in unemployment directly and things were fixed really quickly. Thanks to Senator Moriwaki. A lot of people got money that had issues with various ways that they filed it properly. And she was a great help for that. And she also helped us with rental housing assistance. And quickly that was taken care of. She was amazing with her context. She is such a force. I don't know where she gets all of her energy. She's also very thoughtful. She helped with the Kapuna bill that she introduced, which increased funds for assaults on Kapuna. And what you know is an ongoing problem in Waikiki. And she also, you know, I was the guy who started out the safe neighborhood, what's called safe neighborhoods now. But I, I and Tom Brower called it three strikes bill and a bad name. But anyway, she's continuing her support party that the thing fixed, which is a bleeding seed program for Waikiki to ban people who create and do three different types of assaults or deaths at a certain level. And geographically, even though they could work and still work and reside, we just ask them not to do that.  We hope that again, maybe to share the way things are going that maybe this is the year it will pass. She also helped a lot in getting funding for removing derelict and abandoned vessels on the alloy made it look so much better. It's really coming along and funding for improvements out of the harbor and funding for security services. Get rid of the bad people who were stealing from the people who either lived aboard or stored their boats on the alloy harbor. What a great thing it was that allies become a safe place and that people have a lot more time to rest and there's a neighborhood watch. She goes to all the neighborhood watches. She's consistently there. I don't think there might be a do will get the sheriff. She worked in mostly in the bills she worked with. Oh, the removing the magazine rats all over Waikiki that were empty from the COVID people weren't using them. And they were becoming havens for storing people to sleep in people to store drugs and lean out on and have a loiter around and she really was very, very instrumental in getting rid of some of the magazine racks and just everything he does really serves the interest of the people in the businesses in Waikiki and she deserves a whole nother time and many more. I love Sharon. I wish you Sharon a very happy Merry Christmas and thank you again so much for everything you've done for everybody in Waikiki.  Thank you so much. Mahalo Dave. And there's many more projects that Sharon has worked on, but not enough time for them all. Marilyn Matsunaga and Laverne Moore wanted to capture some of these in a video of the journey Sharon started in 2018, a journey that continues today and we hope will continue going forward. Quite a journey Sharon. Let's all stay tuned for more. Now Ron Iwami, an avid surfer has been working to protect Kakaako shoreline from luxury high rises, making sure that it stays that way. My name is Ron Iwami and my favorite surf spot is Kualos. I've been surfing there for, it will take 50 years because it is my passion. Because of this, I am a staunch advocate to preserve public access to the shoreline areas of Kakaako and Kualo shorelines. I know that Sharon Warwaki is a strong advocate too, and she has been working tirelessly to that end as her capacity in the Senate for Kakaako. She, like me, uses very important to do this. And she recently in the last session helped to block a bill that would have allowed a state entity to build residential high rises and the ability to sell the land in Kakaako Makai. She feels it's very important to keep Makai lands residential free and open for public use, rather than private use. And it also keep a balance with what's happening with the massive developments across the street, keep Makai for the people. In addition, she has engaged with the community with her weekly newsletter to tell her constituents what's happening and a source for information to go to if they have questions. This was especially helpful during this COVID time. And pre-COVID, I remember she used to do many, many community talk story sessions to further engage directly with her constituents. So with all these reasons, I will continue to support Sharon Warwaki or Senator of Kakaako. Mahalo, and thank you very much. Thanks, Ron. Now it's time to get into the Christmas spirit with the music of Myla Gibson-Bandman. I heard about this baby boy who came to our home to ya. Olds like this, the four-year-old's favorite. Most of angels let each one to. It was just as the angels said. Do you feel the feeling of Christmas? I do. Keep that feeling as we hear from one of Hawaii's most respected attorneys who's always working for the common good and the community. Ivan Louis Kwan. Ivan has worked with Sharon on many projects. My name is Ivan Louis Kwan. It is my true honor to see a few words about Senator Warwaki today. Recently I learned about a poll that was taken which identified the characteristics which the people thought were very important for leaders. The first characteristic was that the public official is a leader. Clearly Senator Warwaki is a leader. I don't know too many people who leads as she does, who is so well prepared in the sense that she has a PhD, a law degree, and I'm totally prepared for what she does. The second characteristic is trustworthiness. And I don't know anybody, quite honestly, who was as honest and trustworthy as Senator Warwaki. The third characteristic that people are looking for in elected officials was the person who is willing to take action, willing to make decisions, willing to take risks to improve the lives of their constituents. In this characteristic it's typical of Senator Warwaki. There are three things that I'd like to mention briefly which indicates her active, her action orientation, her willingness to work hard for her constituents. The first is the question of ownership of roads in the Kaka'ako district. As many of us know, there was an ongoing litigation between the State of Hawaii and the city county of Honolulu on one hand and Kaka'ako land company over who owns those roads. And it's really critical because if it's determined that this private entity and its members Kaka'ako land company owns it, then they will continue to ask for compensation from the property owners and from the business owners in Kaka'ako. This year in February, the circuit court determined that those roads are owned by the State of Hawaii. On that case is now, before the Intermediate Court of Appeals on appeal, but I can tell you that that decision that the court made was very much the product of the hard work of Senator Warwaki in very much being engaged. She went to all the CDA meetings, she went to all the corporate meetings. More importantly, she worked really closely with the constituents who were owners of businesses and owners of property in Kaka'ako, interfaced with lawyers for the state to make sure they were well prepared. And I truly believe that her participation in that case prepared the state to put on a really excellent presentation to enable the court to make the decision that it did, which is that the State of Hawaii owns those roads. The second area is her district is Waikiki, as well as Kaka'ako, and she has been very actively involved in the question of impact of sea level rise. So she's engaged, she's about to produce or introduce legislation, but she's been very actively involved in bringing together all of the stakeholders, including the land use officials in the state of Hawaii. Land use officials from DPP and the city county of Honolulu, and experts such as people from the University of Hawaii, professionals who are dealing with sea level rise, and more importantly, the stakeholders, the constituents, the people who live in Waikiki, the businesses who were there. And so that activity has been ongoing, being driven principally by Senator Moriwaki. The third area is we're all familiar with what's happened over the past two years with COVID, and indeed at the height of COVID at a pandemic, Senator Moriwaki was on the committee by the state senate, which was assessing and monitoring the impacts of the pandemic, and in that they determined that a portion of the issue in controlling the spread of the virus was that a lot of the short term rental activities weren't being processed through the official channels so that the testing could be effectively accomplished. And so they worked really hard on legislation and on activity by the administration to address that. So these are just a couple of things which show really clearly to me that Senator Moriwaki is really a fantastic legislator, being a leader, being totally trustworthy, totally engaged in wanting to help improve the lives of her constituents and the people of the state of Hawaii. Well, how am I for that to me see a few words about my good friend Senator Moriwaki. Okay, Sharon, time for you to tell us what you've been doing and what you plan to do. Again, thank you for joining us. It's so great to see you, even on zoom to share a few moments together during this holiday season. You know this past year the capital was only partially open, but our office was busy, helping the unemployed get benefits, joining HPD and citizen patrols, passing bills to protect Kupuna from physical and financial abuse, protecting our small boat harbors, preserving our beaches, and saving our kakaako shoreline from high rise condos. As government operations chair and ways and means member, I helped pass bills to increase government efficiency with technology, save the state money by consolidating office space and state buildings, and help save the environment by requiring that all new state vehicles be electric. Next year I'll work to address affordable housing, homelessness, crime, noise from souped up motorcycles, city level rise impacts, and move to a more cost effective state government.  But the numbers don't come down. Our office gets complaints every day about assaults thefts and the growing numbers of homeless in our parks, streets, doorsteps, you name it. I called state county and community agencies together to ask why 14 agencies and all police prosecutor public defender the courts, state and county agencies homeless coordinators, the prison director, and the homeless providers. After many meetings, I learned they're doing a lot. The problem is not resources though, it's that no one agency has buck stopping responsibility. We have to fix that. The homeless woman running about nude in the district finally cried out during one of those meetings. All these agencies took almost an hour to find her shelter. That was way too long. The golden moment of clarity for those with psychological and drug problems I learned is far shorter. 10 minutes. We don't have rapid response on housing either. And we lack the long term commitment to move our homeless to a better place. Next session I'm introducing bills to close these gaps. I'm grateful to you for your support and the privilege to work on these problems and find workable solutions. Our office does its very best to help everyone who calls, and we will always continue to be here for you when you call. Write my number down 586-6740-586-6740. Now, let's enjoy our time together and let's have a toast for 2022 for a new year that is better, more fulfilling for all of us. Mahalo Sharon for sharing what you've been up to and your plans for next year. Keep it up. We want to wish everyone a very merry Christmas and a very happy new year. To leave 2021, thank goodness, and to bring in a much better 2022. You can sing along and you should.  Let your heart be love Christmas. Now you should raise your cup of whatever it is and your cup of kindness and hopeful expectation so we can all welcome in 2022. We have some time left so we can all wish each other a merry Christmas and warm aloha for a very happy new year. So we're unmuting everyone. You can ask Sharon questions now or just wish each other the best of the season and for 2022. Merry Christmas. Merry Christmas everybody. There's your glass. Hi, Gailen. It's going to be a better one. The last one will be a better one. Merry Christmas Mahalo. You're looking at the sea level of ice. You have any questions you want to talk? You want to chat? This is a little time to chit chat. So Sharon, I heard you singing along with Myla. That was very impressive. And I have a list of adjectives to describe you if you don't mind. A lot of them begin with the letter D. Just so happens. So the first one is diva opera diva. I heard you singing. The second one is doctorate. As Ivan mentioned, Sharon is very smart and she has a doctorate. Let's see, the third one. I wrote them all down here. She's a democrat. But she's also democratic. That's very important. Gailen would rather you say I'm democratic than a democrat. And she's totally decent. This is very important in our time. She's diligent. She's dedicated. She's devoted. She's dear. She's determined. She's fun. That's not a D. Sorry. David Moskowitz said she's sweet. That's not a D either. But we heard it here tonight. And I have some of these. One is vivacious, vital, okay. I want to talk to everybody else. I'm done. I want to start you guys off. You gotta have some comments and questions for Sharon. I have some questions or.  Gail and Merry Christmas, dear. Merry Christmas to you all. I hope that you have really happy holidays season. And we really hope for a better new year for all of us. It's been really tough past two years. So appreciate all of you. And all you folks do, each and every one of you is really important. And so I thank you all so very much. I wish you all the best of bests. And if you have questions, I'm always open to answer questions and I'll make it short. What is Santa bringing you? Oh, I don't know. It's still not the 25th. So I won't know until the 25th. Oh, idea. I have been kind of nice. So maybe. I like a girl who tutors her own horn. And everybody having fun during the holidays, I hope and healthy, staying healthy, safe. I know with the Omicron, everybody's getting kind of crazy. But hopefully we'll get past that everybody has to just be careful. You know, you mask up and social distance and, and not get carried away, because sometimes we get carried away and then we lose sight of the as Neil says of the real importance of life and and meeting and, you know, enjoying each other and not forgetting that. So, and thanks Neil for those inspirational words. Thanks everybody really for all you folks do. Sharon, it's really great to see some faces that I have not seen for many, many years. So it's great to see everybody. I haven't seen Ann Koliasha either. Oh yeah, hi Ann. Merry Christmas. Nice to see you. Well, thank you for joining us. I wanted to join because Sharon Moriwaki is just everywhere. I mean, if there's a problem in the district anywhere, she's there. She cares and it's not because she has a lot of energy. It's just that she cares about all of us. And I really appreciate that. Thank you, Senator. I learned from you, Ann. You had mentioned two things. One about the homeless naked lady on Pia Kori on King Street. She still lives there in the middle of by the other day. And she cannot help it.  She put down her pants and then to the bathroom. And my wife said, but she was here last year and I remember the police came and tried to talk to her, but the police cannot do much. She sits there. She is well known at area, but what can you do, right? There was that one is that when she was ready to go, but we just didn't have the place to place her at that moment and that's that's a tragedy, you know, the connection. She was still there about three days ago. Yeah, she came back or whatever. The second thing is tomorrow, our group will be in your area again for the Christmas giving to the homeless. You may not like it that we do it, but people are there, so we have our Christmas back. We go on to them. So we will do our best again. Okay, we're going to take a picture. Everybody raise your glass toast in the new year wave shocker. This is Sharon, Sharon Moriwaki our hero. Merry Christmas. Merry Christmas. Merry Christmas. Happy New Year. Happy New Year. It's going to be a better one. We'll pray for that right now. Any other comments, because the comments and questions, this is your opportunity after that we're going to conclude the program. I just wanted to add to the comments by was that Jay earlier, and I have to say that Senator Sharon Moriwaki is one of those that I have to, I really appreciate and proud of that when you bring some issues to her attention she takes action right away immediately. And in fact, sometime last year I brought something an issue or concern to her office, and lo and behold, she even came to my my building, and right there to see firsthand basis what was going on to address the issue. And I was very appreciative of that, and I support you all the way. And thank you for supporting our district our neighborhood. And if it's this, I know that I want to say vice versa not only you supporting our district your constituents your neighborhood but if there's anything we can do to support you in all your endeavors and actions please let us know don't hesitate. Thank you. Thank you, Jimmy. Thank you. I know how you can support Sharon. Donate. Thank you. You can come sideways. But thank you everybody so much. She doesn't mind. I like to ask our Vice President and Chief Operating Officer, and Carol Marley joins us from the mainland today she's on the screen and to make a comment on behalf of think take away. Thank you, Jay. Thank you Sharon. We love supporting you every year Sharon and all through your many years and what what Jay mentioned was your PhD but I also know you have a law degree so you far outstrip everybody in terms of education, and the way you support your community we all admire you greatly so thank you very much and look forward to all that you do for our community for next year too. Thank you Carol. And I put a plug for think take away because they do all the different programs policy even cooking and environmental issues everything is on think take so thank you for your community service to with but think that thanks Carol, thanks Jay. We have we have something in writing here on the chat box from Catherine Lee Mahalo for organizing this wonderful event. Sharon, I wish you the warmest holiday season below hot. Thank you Sharon Sharon Moriwaki for setting it up is and thank you all for attending. I keep drinking. It's been great. Time to say farewell for now, but let's stay close and let's stay close to Sharon for the holidays and over the next year. Goodbye and good night my dear friends Aloha and thanks so much for coming.


Welcome to Spotlight. I'm Bruce Gulland. And I'm Liz Wade. Spotlight uses a special English method of broadcasting. It is easier for people to understand, no matter where in the world they live. Imagine these situations. A young man is walking in the hills. But he is lost. It is getting dark. The man cannot see anything. He falls and hurts his leg. Now he cannot walk and needs help immediately. But he does not know where he is. He cannot ask anyone to come and help him. He does not know how to tell anyone where to find him. A young woman is at an outdoor music event. During the event, she is planning to stay in a tent with her friends. She knows which field they are in, so she walks around the field looking for them. But she cannot find their tent. She does not know how to find the exact position of her friends. Have you ever been in a situation like this? We do not always know where we are, even with modern technology. This can be annoying in some situations, but it can be very dangerous in other situations. Chris Sheldrick has created something that helps people when they face a problem like this. It helps people all over the world who cannot give an address or say where they are. It is called What Three Words. Today's spotlight is on Chris Sheldrick and his app, What Three Words. Chris Sheldrick lives in the United Kingdom. He worked in the music industry for 10 years. He organized music events around the world, but every day he had problems with addresses. Musicians and people bringing their equipment often got lost when they tried to find an event. One day in Italy, a driver unloaded equipment at a place one hour north of Rome. But he should have unloaded it one hour south of Rome. Sheldrick tried to get the people he worked with to use longitude and latitude to find where to meet. Marking places like this is exact, but it creates a line of 16 numbers to mark the place. It is too difficult to use. Sheldrick wondered if he could change these numbers into something easier. Sheldrick had a friend who worked with mathematics. The two men worked together on this problem for six months. They found a simple way to talk about where a person was, their location. In a TED talk, Sheldrick explained what they did. We divided the world into three-meter squares. We found that we could name every three-meter square in the world separately with just three words. We used 40,000 words, which is more than enough for the trillions of squares. So the men gave every square or place a separate three-word address. For example, their company building in London has the address filled count soap. And the door of the UK Prime Minister is slurs this shark. Sheldrick called this new system what three words. He built an app people can use to find places this way. He knew that it could do much more than get musicians to the right place. He believed that what three words could help billions of people in the world who still live without an address. He told the Guardian, If you think about addresses, some are from centuries ago. Some are from last week. But there is so much of the world that does not use them. Complete countries like Mongolia or Saudi Arabia have only ever used directions. Sheldrick knew that people without an address sometimes struggle to get the same services as people who do have an address. For example, if you do not have an address, you will find it hard to get a bank account, be listed to vote, or receive a letter. So his company built what three words into many languages from Arabic to Urdu. This means what three words can help people in countries that do not have a good address system. It can help people in life or death situations. It can even help businesses work better. In his TED talk, Sheldrick explained some of the ways that what three words has already been used. In Durban, South Africa, an organization called Gateway Health provided 11,000 three word address signs in their community. Pregnant mothers can call the emergency services and use the signs to explain exactly where to find them. In the past, the ambulances have often taken hours to find the pregnant mothers. In Mongolia, the National Post Service uses the system. They are now taking mail to many people for the first time. The United Nations are using it to mark photos or pictures in disaster or trouble areas. They can then take aid to exactly the right place. Even Domino's Pizza use it in the Caribbean. They want to get their food to people while it is still hot. People all over the world use the what three words app. It is free to emergency services and individuals. In the United Kingdom, Jess Tinsley and her friends went for a walk, but they got lost. It was dark and wet and Tinsley was near to tears. She said, We were in a field and had no idea where we were. She got a phone signal and called the emergency services. They told her to use the what three words app. She quickly did this. The emergency services knew where she was in less than a minute. Soon they found and rescued Tinsley and her friends. In Uganda, what three words worked with the Community Development Centre to bring three word addresses to refugee camps in the area of Aruwa. The Centre will discover and record three word addresses for every home and important building in the camp. This means health workers will be able to find people who need medical services. But it means much more than this. Sebit Martin is a leader at the Community Development Centre. On the what three words website, Martin explained why it was important for refugees to have an address. We want to give refugees the self-respect they deserve. We can improve their living conditions. Three word addresses will give everyone an easy way of talking about places. But these addresses are also a better language of hope in the refugee camp. Do you have an address? Have you ever had problems finding a place? Would this app help you? Tell us about it. You can leave a comment on our website or email us at radio at radioenglish.net. You can also comment on Facebook at facebook.com slash spotlight radio. Visit us on YouTube at youtube.com slash spotlight English one. The writer of this program was Katie Blake. The producer was Michio Ozaki. The voices you heard were from the United Kingdom and the United States. All quotes were adapted for the program and voiced by spotlight. You can listen to this program again and read it on the internet at www.radioenglish.net. This program is called Find Yourself with Just Three Words. Visit our website to download our free official app for Android and Apple devices. We hope you can join us again for the next spotlight program. Goodbye.


Okay, so now we're looking at an arm model here. Okay, so this is the Top part, but it's upside down because it's how it's mounted on its mount. So just to orient you down here again Is the spine of the scapula so that makes this the infraspinatus This is our Terra's minor and our Terra's major. So just like I just showed you Okay So the muscle we're immediately looking at here. Okay, so this is your triceps brachii as I move it around Towards the thumb side We can see the brachialis which sits underneath the biceps brachii Kind of in between the biceps brachii and our triceps brachii. We can see the coraco brachialis here Okay, and that also exposes the backside of the scapula, which is my sub scapularis


My name is Joseph Farrah, and I'm a Smithsonian fellow at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. Impossible. The best thing about the Event Horizon Telescope is that the Earth is our telescope. The most exciting experience for me was seeing M87 for the first time. For this project, I did physics, I developed software, and I imaged. The hardest part of the project for me was the two nights I observed consecutively. When I saw the first image, I felt wonder. When the results come out, I'm going to tell everybody I know. My name is Mariki Homma from National Astronomical Observatory of Japan. I'm the director of MISSA VLBA Observatory, which is one branch of NAOJ, and so I'm leading a Japanese VLBA group. I would say black holes are so attractive. As an astronomical object, it attracts material, surrounding materials through very strong gravity. All the gases and matters coming down to the black hole and absorb. That's attractive to everything. Also, it's very attractive to astronomers. It's a really mysterious object and also very attractive to general public. Even school kids know, school kids heard about black holes and they are very much interested in. The best thing about this collaboration is it's really global international collaborations. There are so many people coming from different countries. Well, many, many good and top scientists from different countries. Having different ideas, different way of thinking. It's full of intelligence from many global countries. That's really wonderful. I would say the most exciting thing is yet to come. I'm trying to contribute to make the best image. The most difficult thing in the project is to find out a solution among the different opinions from different people. I was very excited to see the first black hole image. It's really surprising. But I would also say that it's nearly exactly what we have expected. So much excited. I would like to start a new thing. I mean, this is not the end of the project, but it's like start. So we still have a lot of mysteries to be solved, you know, problems to be tackled. There are still many questions about black holes. So I would like to study further in the black holes. My name is Shoko Koyama. I'm a postdoc at the SIAA, Greenland Telescope Group. So I'm mainly working on the Greenland Telescope Commissioning and also the EHD Imaging Working Group team for leader. As for black hole, I associate the world of very famous because everybody knows the world, but nobody has seen it directly. Global collaboration. When I look at the image for the first time, I wrote the proposals and performed observations at the Greenland Telescope and did the data analysis and imaging so I could experience the whole process. So the hardest part in the project for me is also the collaboration part because collecting all the efforts from all over the world is very hard. Astonishing when I saw the first image. Go for drinks with my EHD colleagues. I'm C.K. Chan. I'm an astronomer at the University of Arizona. I'm also a data scientist there. So I work on, you know, from simulation to data analysis for the EHD. It's black. It's the people. You can learn a lot from them. Finding our bug in the code. Debugging. I develop a program. I do some simulation, analyze the data and do some imaging. The hardest project for me is to coordinate time with my family. Yeah, we make it. I think I will spend some time with my family. My name is Michael Janssen and I'm a PhD student at Rapport University. Exciting and unbelievable. The best thing about the event rise in telescope is its collaborative nature. So many different people with different ideas and different perspectives. All the different aspects of the project coming together. The observers, the theorists, the instrumentalists. All of them working together and delivering one amazing product. Okay, my name is Ilse van Bemmel. I work at the joint institute for VLBI Eric, also known as Jive. And we're based in Dwingelow in the Netherlands. Black holes are massive and for me, I work in the field of massive black holes. So that's the really big ones and the smaller ones. But all of them are really cool puzzles to solve. I would say the global collaboration.  Doing science together, trying to solve puzzles together, but also realizing that politics impacts people that you actually know, which is sometimes quite challenging but also exciting to realize that all these people work together as a whole. The most exciting experience for me was seeing the first images from the 2017 data run. They really blew me away. I do a few things inside the projects. I coordinate one of the working groups together with a colleague in the US. And as part of the working group, I'm leading the software of one of the pipelines. So the development of the software that goes in there. Midnight telecons. Really that's so bizarre because your brain is just not used to working at such weird times and that for me having a family is always a challenge. But sometimes also you just have to do it. It's part of the job. The hardest part that would definitely be also the globalization because it's the different time zones, different cultures, different kind of people that you have to get together, get all their opinions and then decide on that and make sure that everybody's happy. Oh that blew me out of my chair. Yeah that was really impressive. I would probably try to improve them. The science result is just one point in time in the project and we're always learning more about how the instrument works, how people work, how new theories come about. So this is an evolution in my perspective. It's not just one point in time where you say this is it, that's done. It always continues. I would try to improve on the image. Make things better, get deeper images, better data. Event Horizon Telescope is a cool project. It's challenging but it's so worth the time. It's very motivating to be part of a group where you know that your opinion is valued, where your unique expertise is really part of a whole. My name is Kevin Kuei. I'm currently based at the Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics in Akademia Siddica in Taiwan. All inspiring. It's pushing boundaries, looking at the image for the first time. The most exciting part of the project was looking at the image for the first time. I'm involved in the processing of the data, making the data, turning it into images and now I'm working on building the Greenland Telescope which will be part of the Event Horizon Telescope. The hardest part of the project is being away from my family for long periods in Greenland. I remember having goosebumps when I first saw the image. I'll share the images with my friends on Facebook. The hardest part was being away from my wife and kids for long periods of time in Greenland. My name is Sarah Sohn. I'm a graduate student at Radba University in the Netherlands. Black holes for me are terrifying. Terrifying. What I like best about the Event Horizon Telescope is that it's a big collaboration but it feels a lot like a startup. There's a lot of activity, a lot of group work and it just feels like a good community to be part of. The most exciting experience I've had part of the Event Horizon Telescope is probably going observing during a 2017 campaign at the SMT. The SMT is the sub-millimeter telescope next to Tucson, Arizona. So what I do for the project is staffing telescopes, observing a telescope's calibration and imaging. I think the hardest part of the project is really collecting the data and getting all the telescopes together and working together towards this amazing goal. So I saw the first image actually part of the, one of the imaging teams of the EHT and I actually made the image and to me just seeing it pop out so easily was just, just amazing. When the results are out, I can finally sleep. My name is Jim Moran. I'm a professor at the Harvard University Astronomy Department and senior scientist at the Smithsonian acid-physical laboratory. Well, I think wonder comes to my mind first. Such objects were never expected to exist in nature until very recently. As a matter of fact, I was a complete skeptic about black holes as recently as 20 years ago. Awesome. One image that I have of black holes is the concept of spaghettification where the gravity changes so drastically that it allows your body that you will fall into it and be stretched out into a long filament which is aptly been called spaghettification. What's really wonderful is seeing all these telescopes from around the world coming together, the South Pole, Europe, Hawaii, and it's really amazing to see the synchronization going on. The most exciting experience I think is seeing that first image of M87. It was presented to me in such a casual way. Here, look at this. It was just really a wow experience. Well, it took me completely by surprise. We had been waiting so patiently. The earlier images on AGN were interesting but not fantastic, but seeing the ring in M87 just, I almost had to sit down when I saw that. I think the basic correlation of the data is actually the hardest part. These telescopes were not meant to work together and you have to do a tremendous amount of fiddling to get the calibrations right and everything coordinated. It's a completely different experience than a dedicated interferometer. I'm a really laid-back guy so I'll just look around for the next big thing to get involved in. My name is Neil Naga. I'm from the University of Concepcion, Chile and I've been a member of the Event Rising Telescope for some time now. Before that, with the ALMA Beam former project or the ALMA Phasing project, so more than nine or 10 years. The objective I had to associate with black holes is fun. In our case, it's the opportunity for small groups to come into a big international collaboration and learn from the experts. If you can be in that room, you have a question on anything to do with black holes, you reach your hand out and you can touch five people who could answer that for you. The best thing undoubtedly for me was observing at the telescope. I help out a lot at the Apex Telescope which is spectacular, it's difficult, it's at 5,000 meters, but it's a lot of fun. Primarily right funding proposals so that my postdocs and students can have fun doing science while I'm really the office janitor. I would go back to the observing again. There are very long sessions where we start much before time to get the telescope ready.  And sometimes on your way down, you realize that something has to be switched on and then you drive up all the way again. Each telescope will tell you that it's very complicated and it's true. Each one is the most difficult telescope to operate. In the case of Apex, it's run like a university telescope, so you get to go into the telescope, fix everything that you need to all day at 5,000 meters and then you come down oxygen deprived and you have to observe all night. Disbelief. Complete disbelief. In a nice way, I mean this is exactly what we have been looking for, but after 8 years and all that long process, a few weeks of imaging and they showed us exactly what we wanted. I couldn't believe it. I thought we were, we must have been making it up. But clearly it's, that's what it is, so we're thrilled. This is just the beginning. So I'll go right back to the telescope for the next observing run. My name is Hong Yi Pu from Premiers Institute. I work on theoretical works in EHD Corporation and I am from Taiwan. I am one of the co-coordinator in a theory working group and I work on theory aspects about prediction of black-hot shadow image. There are many unknown physics and it's good to validate our ideas. It was amazing and relief. When the project results are out I will have a good sleep and move on. Mysteries and energetic. It's good to meet a lot of scientists I've been reading their papers and contribute ideas. It's good to see the idea works. From previous observational constraints people have different ideas about what we are going to see and I've found we should keep open-minded and get ready for what we are going to observe. I'm Lea Medeiros. I'm a graduate student working at Ferriero Lozel and Demetrius Psaltis. I'm affiliated with both the University of California, Santa Barbara and the University of Arizona Steward Observatory. The adjective I would use to describe black holes is extreme. The best thing about the event horizon telescope is the challenge that we are trying to accomplish by building something that has never been done before. The most exciting experience for me in this collaboration was the first time I saw an image of M87. Excitement but also a lot of relief. My contributions to the event horizon telescope are in connecting theoretical simulations to interferometric observables. The hardest part of this collaboration for me has been navigating the communication between the theorists and the observers. Once the results are out, I plan to defend my PhD thesis. And then once I defend my thesis, I'm going to Disneyland. My interests are more in the gravity and theory simulation realm and I have done a lot of the LBI that I did not expect to do and I've learned a lot about interferometers that I did not expect to learn. I've learned a lot about interferometers that I did not expect to learn. I am Rebecca Zulay as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Valencia in Spain. The effort of a global collaboration to try to make history. The most exciting thing for me was observing at the telescope Sagittarius A star the day of my birthday. For the project, mainly I am part of the observing team of the 30 meter telescope at Pico Veleta. I think the hardest part of the project is to be completely sure of what we were going to publish. I felt something like this is incredible. We have to continue working for the new observations and new results. In a way, I'm from Taiwan, AJA, but I'm Japanese. In Taiwan, we are building a Greenland telescope in Greenland, which may improve the image quality a lot. My interest is small g. My understanding is black hole is a singularity point of the universe so that it's very, very important to understand our universe to realize what the central matter of the galaxy I'm working for a very long time agents and such kind of activity and now we are looking at the central object as a black hole. It's an image we are waiting for a long time. In particular, in Taiwan, we are just pointing on the M87 only, because from Greenland we cannot see the site of a star. We just pointed on the M87. It's remarkable. People are not so expected from the black hole image from M87, but it happens. The question is how such a supermass black hole is created in the process of cosmological evolution. It's very important to understand how to generate our universe. What's the process of generating our universe? We are looking for the process of generating a supermass black hole to understand the whole story of the universe. My name is Kasi Grigo. I work in Bologna, Italy at the National Institute of Astrophysics, Institute for Radioastronomy.  The best thing of the Event Horizon Telescope is the global collaboration. The most exciting experience with the Event Horizon Telescope has been to see the first image coming out of it. Wow! When I saw the first image of a black hole, I thought wow, fantastic. I work on the data calibration. The physics and the technology is the hardest part of the project. The second best thing was the sleepless nights and stress which caused me to lose weight. I'm Izumi Mizuno from JCMT East Asia Observatory. Unknown. The most exciting thing is when I saw the image. I did the preparation for the EHT observation with other staffs. It is like to optimize the telescope for EHT observation. So I will go to the beach in Hawaii. I'm Elisabetta Liuzzo. I'm working in Bologna in Italy at the Institute of Radioastronomy of INEF. Not adjective but the big question mark. The International Collaboration of course. There are a lot of young people inside. Seeing the first image is the most exciting thing. I'm working on calibration stuff. The most difficult part is the physics. Drink a beer. A lot of beer. Really a colleague of course. My name is Jae Young Kim. I'm currently working in the Max Planck Institute for Radioastronomy in Bonn. Massive. The best thing for me is to be able to meet a number of people from different countries in the collaboration so that I can learn a number of things from people. Of course, when I first saw the images of the black holes for the first time my job is to basically image the shadow of the M87 supermassive black hole by using both conventional and recent techniques. Actually I was not excited because at various stages like there were signatures of the image already presented but I was of course very much happy to see the image. Of course I want to take some rest but of course I will keep working on my project also in order to be able to catch up on the recent progress in the field. I would like to continue working on my research based on the research we achieved in the collaboration. My name is Il Jae Cho and I'm from Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute and I'm a PhD student there. I think black because just think about it. We are finding the black thing in the black universe so it is the most interesting thing we can do. First of all I think the naming itself is quite interesting because if someone hear about the name itself who doesn't know about the black hole itself then maybe the Event Horizon Telescope is quite interesting so that is the best thing. Event Horizon Telescope itself is already so cool I think. The most exciting part was meeting the famous people in this field that was the most exciting. I mostly did the making imaging and so just I can say I was one of the pixel of the image. The most difficult part was having the telephones at early morning or very late night. It was surprising just the reason why I really surprised it that just usually it takes many steps to make an image but at the time I saw the image there was a thing so I was really surprised it is real. I realized it is real. I realized it is real. Maybe go back to another work so there is no holidays or something so I am going to do another work but still it is related with the EHT project. I'm Vincent Fisch a research scientist at MIT Haystack Observatory. If I had to describe black holes in one word it would be exciting. The best thing about the event horizon telescope is that it unites some of the best scientific minds around the world on an incredible scientific project. Great scientists doing great science. The most exciting experience was seeing the first images of a black hole shadow. I feel like these images are the culmination of all of that work. I am kind of a jack of all trades. I do scheduling, science operations a little bit with correlation looking at data, calibration. I was very excited the first time I saw the first image. For a long time this was purely theoretical. We were predicting that we would see certain features in the image but we didn't really know was it really there and now we know and it was exciting that all of that uncertainty collapsed in that moment. These are just the first papers that are coming out. There is much more science and so as soon as the first papers are out we are going to be working on the next batch of papers. As soon as the papers come out we will keep on working. We have got more papers to write, more observations to do. I am Yosuke Mizuno in Gaten University, Frankfurt. Black hole is the most mysterious object telescope and great collaboration.  So the EHT was the first time to touch into the space resolution to actually see into the black hole. I am doing for the theoretical simulation so we understand what is the physics behind this observed image. The hardest part is the physics behind the black hole. Amazing. I am doing for the simulation and making for the theoretical model. Every day it is taken to the teleconference. So in the morning, in the midnight, anytime this because the collaboration is all about the world. So the telecon time, even for the night usually the sleeping time. See we say yes, have a telecon, I need to attend this. Take a party. My name is Ciriaco Godi. I work for two universities in the Netherlands Radboud Neimechen University and Leiden University. If I had to describe black holes with one word I would say they are mysterious. The best thing about DHT is that it is a truly global collaboration with people working in different institutes and different parts of the world and telescopes across the globe. So my main goal is to ensure the quality of the calibration of the ALMA ray within the event horizon telescope. The hardest part of the project is probably when we face sleepless weeks at the telescopes. When I first saw the first image, I literally thought they gave us a fake data, this cannot be real. The most exciting part of this project I think is that we have potentially the chance to rewrite the laws of physics. Once the results are out, I think I will go everywhere and tell everyone about the exciting results that we got. So as the magnetized gas is falling onto the black hole, it heats up and therefore generates the light that we then see. Now from our daily experience we expect that light travels on straight paths and straight trajectories we call them rays. Here the situation is very different. We have a black hole sitting right there and it is extreme gravity so it is bending the light rays away from the straight paths that we are known for and it basically distorts the image by a great amount.  So if you think about how the image is supposed to look like you expect that the black hole itself doesn't emit any light so you expect a dark region and around that dark region you expect a bright ring of emission coming from all those light rays that are strongly deflected and had plenty of time to move around the black hole and collect the light that we see.  So what the black hole is doing it is deflecting and bending the light rays away from the straight paths that we understand in our daily life and in fact it can be so strong that we can see things that are behind the black hole that we thought are obstructed by it just because the black hole is bending the light rays into a line of sight. After we computed the radiative signature of our simulations we have to compare them to the observations and this can be imagined as you are in a stadium during a football match and you have an image and you want to figure out if this person or whatever is on this image is among the spectators in the stadium so what you do is you take this image and try to match it with all the 60.000 spectators in the stadium and you do this while you rotate it, you scale it you increase the contrast and you try to figure out first what is on your image is it a person, is it a cat or whatever and try to match this to the spectators and this seems trivial but it's not it's a highly computational demanding process so we need a supercomputer and we developed a so-called genetic algorithm which is a very smart way running through these images and try to adjust them and this takes roughly a month and after this calculation time we have maybe 10 of those spectators which match your image and this is very similar to what we do in the EHD so we try to compare and match our observations with the theoretical predictions