What is boredom? What is boredom? Boredom is like a state of monotony where the mind has fallen asleep and forgotten its natural state and then it's become addicted to change and then as it becomes deeper wound into this addition to change it seems to look for an external solution, kind of like a variety of the spice of life and the more intense it just keeps discovering it doesn't really solve the problem so the problem is change and boredom is a sense of just being kind of caught up in a judgment against repetition and patterns of the world so they just repeat over and over and over and the mind kind of like, kind of shuts off it just kind of shuts down because it feels, in one sense it's like a version of a depression boredom is just a sense of apathy, of just a sense of stuckness and repetition and it's underneath it that it's just an addiction that has to be exposed before it can pop out of that you might say that the cure for boredom is spontaneity but spontaneity is very different from impulsivity the ego will sponsor its own version of breaking the boredom with being impulsive and it just leads to more of a sense of frustration and guilt because it's just like there's these ego impulses to try to gratify and satisfy through stimulation, through images and sights and sounds and so forth and it doesn't work, it's just part of the same game, it's part of the same system so it can kind of lead back to a state of depression when it doesn't seem to work whereas spontaneity, true spontaneity is when you become highly intuitive and literally inspired or in the spirit and you connect with what you could call inner guidance and that inner guidance is always for the moment it always is bringing you into the presence and to living in the moment not anticipating the future, not recalling the past or regretting or lamenting the past it just keeps you, it's like if you were surfing and you catch the big wave it keeps you right on the edge of the wave and to me that's why life in tune with the spirit, in tune with the flow is very inspirational and really is truly an adventure because it doesn't really involve any kind of escapism not trying to run away from something or try to reach a goal in the future it's like you just are flowing with what feels completely 100% intuitive in the present moment and it's a great vitality and aliveness in that and that's really what the cure for boredom is so how would you apply that say if you were washing dishes or digging holes 8 hours a day yeah we get that a lot at the monastery, there's a lot of things to work on like that I repeat the question here saying how do you apply that to something like spontaneity of doing the dishes or digging a hole or something like that yeah for me it came down to the central question what is it for in the sense that when you just freeze it down into like an activity like doing the dishes or digging a hole it has to be a deeper purpose underneath that is part of the flow so it's not seen as just as an activity anymore or just a task but it's seen in a larger context for example like here at Kalani why do people come from all over the world to be a volunteer here to pay to be a volunteer here or whatever it's because there's a tremendous opportunity for spiritual growth and healing and there's a draw to that just to come you know trail around the world to come up to an island to do dishes and dig a hole you know it would be like well what's the point of that you know do that anywhere but you might say that Kalani presents an experience of it's like a cauldron, a huge opportunity with lots of mirroring, lots of reflecting going on a sense of openness to safely explore the depth of one's own spirituality and that's the purpose behind the doing the dishes or behind the digging the holes we have people that come to the monastery as well from all over the world they're very focused on healing, on self-realization on opening their mind up to the experience of enlightenment and if you sat down and you interviewed them they would tell you one by one that's their whole purpose in life you know they really have a very single focus and so they come kind of in a sense of letting go of a lot of their past ego pursuits and ego goals and so forth just come to practice the presence to practice the peace and everyone is working at the same thing and therefore there's not like a lot of idle chatter and talking about things and gossiping and so on and so forth even the communications become more and more deeply purposeful so that there's not a wasted moment, not a wasted second even in terms of direct communication you know it's so encouraged to speak and to go very directly into the communication so there's not a sense of wasted motion of having to redo things or having multiple people working on the same thing when it could be done by one person so there's much more of a focus but the purpose behind the action is really where the presence can be found and I know a lot of times people they do enjoy sometimes very simple tasks because the focus becomes so strong that they're not we could say multitasking with their mind they actually enjoy something like mowing the grass or cleaning the dishes because it's kind of just they relax into that presence and it's more like the spirit is washing the dishes through them or mowing the grass through them or digging the dish through them much like an athlete feels that same thing at times when they're in the zone or an opera singer when they feel that they get themselves out of the way completely and they're sung through so the goal of spirituality is to be so immersed in the presence that the doer disappears the small eye, the one that seems to be the one on the timeline just completely dissolves away and disappears and I think many people have that experience where they just feel like there's such a presence flowing through them that they let go of this doer that is doing something for the future doing something for somebody else doing something for itself that's the highest you can reach is when you come into that presence and the doer disappears so it's something we do talk about at the monastery a lot and we really encourage questions so it's not like the old days just do it because I told you to do it it's more of really tuning into that sheer purpose and then feeling the synergy of how easily things get done when everybody is working together it's just an amazing synergy that occurs and I think probably much like Kalani there's just lots of lightness, of joy, of laughter of song and dance and music and art and all different kinds of expressions that come forward huge amounts of collaborations like when you get a group of musicians together and they start jamming together well people are jamming together on all kinds of projects not just music they really can feel the collaboration and they feel like it's just swept up in it and amazing things amazing kind of fruits of the spirit come through in that collaborative state of mind and still there are those tasks that seem to be very important like you were just mentioning dishes are still important and the overall functioning and landscaping, maintenance and so on and so forth but it's like a dance it's the only way I can describe it thank you


Hello guys, so the World Cup Cricut 2023 fever is on and all of us are rooting for Team India to win this time. It's been 12 long years since we won the last World Cup in 2011 and we all watched it under the leadership of people like Tony, Sachin, Buraj, Kohli and so on where we last picked up the trophy. And since then there are a lot of gaming apps also where you can choose your own Dream 11 team playing 11 and then win exciting prizes. So let us combine a little bit of mathematics and a lot of cricket. And then the objective of today's video is to help team India choose the winning team of 11 players out of the squad of 15 players. So the squad of 15 players was announced recently on 28th of September which contains 7 bets including captain who is Rohit Sharma. Well, we have two wicket keepers Ishan Kishan and Kail Rahu to choose from. We have all rounders as likes of Hardik Pandeyo is the vice captain and Sajad Eja and we have none other than Buraj Kohli. So let's get to the problem directly. In this video I'm going to ask three problems. One is going to be purely simple but mathematically in nature. The second is going to be more realistic for you guys also help team India choose the playing 11 which can win the World Cup. And the third problem is going to be more mathematical in nature who are more interested in mathematics. Alright, so let's get to the problem. The first problem is in how many ways we can choose 11 players for playing 11 out of the squad of 15 players. The concept that is being used is from the chapter of permutations and combinations which you study in 11 standard in India. And if you're preparing for combinatorics olympias then maybe even in the 9th or 10th grade. And the simple answer is the expression is 15 C11 which translates to choose 11 player out of 15. And the mathematical expression for this is 15 into 14 into 13 into 12 divided by 4 into 3 into 2 into 1. Well if you calculate it turns out to be 13 65 which is lots of combinations to choose from. But the good news is well it's purely this problem is purely mathematical in nature. It doesn't have anything to do with reality. Because in the realistic scenario there are certain players which will always play like captain will always play. Vice captain will always almost play unless there is some injury. Also you must play with a wicketkeeper also if Kohli is there Kohli will play.  This is a large number of combinations. Let us see a realistic problem. Alright so the next problem is we want to make a realistic team and the following are the constraints. And how many ways can we choose 11 players out of this part of 15 with the following constraint. The first constraint is the captain and vice captain always play. Well it's obvious that you will want to play with both of these players. Exactly one wicketkeeper plays. Now we have simplified the problem. Realistically strategy depends from captain to captain and from selectors to selectors. But this is one strategy which is fairly decent and which I have chosen and which I feel is optimum. So exactly one wicketkeeper plays out of two wicketkeepers that we have. Exactly three ballers are chosen out of the four ballers that we have. And exactly three all-rounders are chosen out of which well vice captain is also there. Now you can imagine why these constraints because you want to deliver a spell of 50 overs. With at least five ballers plus all-rounders and having just five is also not good because you may want a change of pace, a change of balling variations and so on. So just having five ballers plus all-rounders is also not a good idea. Just betting has always been the strength of team India. So mostly our captain is a batsman. Even the wicketkeepers are always batsmen and all-rounders some of the all-rounders are also really good batsmen. Like Officer Jadija who has helped us with a lot of things. So let us see in how many ways can we do this problem. First of all you can guess how many combinations will we have within these four constraints. It will definitely be less than 1365 let us see how many. The constraints are Rohit Sharma and Hardik Pandya always plays. Alright so two are selected nine more to go. The next constraint was that you have to choose exactly one wicketkeeper out of these two and let me keep writing those numbers. If you have to choose exactly one wicketkeeper out of two you can do it in two C one number of pace. Next you have to choose exactly three ballers out of these four. And out of these four ballers exactly three ballers can be chosen in four C three number of pace. So how many people have you chosen so far? Well one captain let me write this one C one vice captain let me write this one C. So if I add all the lower indices I have the number of players. So one plus one two plus one three plus three six. So far we have chosen six players out of eleven. Now they have said they have asked us to choose exactly three all-rounders. Now we have already chosen one all-rounder and out of this remaining three all-rounders we can only pick two that can be done in three C two number of pace. And how many other cricketers remain? Well three four five six seven eight other three cricketers remain and how many other people remain? They are all batsmen so these are four batsmen out of which you have to choose three. So which can be done in four C three base. And if you count these numbers one C one is one two C one is two so the number turns out to be two and two four. Into three into four which turns out to be ninety six. It is less than hundreds much much less than thirteen sixty five. But still within these constraints you have a large number of combinations with which you can. Now individually what you can do is you can try to pick three of your four favorite batsmen. You can pick three of your four favorite ballers and two of your three favorite all-rounders. And please write your dream team in the comments below and let us see how many times that dream team is chosen. Also if you want to add one more realistic constraint to it. That sir Kohli always plays. Then we can just change these batsmen to out of these three batsmen you have to pick two. So if I change it to three C two that number will turn out to be two into four into three into three. Which will be significantly smaller which is seventy two. Because you want Kohli to play. So please write your dream team in the comments section. Let me summarize each of these again. What was once even it was for captain. This was for vice-captain. This was for choosing one cricket keeper. You can choose three ballers out of these four. You can choose two all-rounders out of the remaining three. And this is for choosing the remaining pure batsmen who are like neither captain nor cricket keeper. So you can choose three batsmen. And the yellow case is when sir Kohli is always chosen. Okay. Out of the three batsmen Kohli is definitely chosen. All right. So I hope you had fun making your own dream team. And let's do one mathematically challenging problem. Those of you are interested in mathematics can try it. Else can have fun while playing the cricket. And go team India. Let's win the World Cup tournament. All right. So the mathematically challenging problem is in how many ways can we choose eleven players out of these fifteen with the following constraint? Well, the obvious choices captain and vice-captain always play. Rather than exactly I'm writing at least one wicket keeper plays out of the two. At least three ballers are chosen out of the four. The same time at least three all-rounders are also chosen. But number of ballers plus all-rounders is less than or equal to seven. It cannot be more than seven. Well, that makes things slightly more complicated. So let us please try the problem on your own first. And then look at the solution next. So let me summarize it for you. So let us make categories right. And those categories are. Suppose I talk about captain, then there is only one. And then if I talk about, well, what are the different categories? There is captain, there is vice-captain. Then let me write the wicket keepers. Then let me write the ballers. Let me write the all-rounders and let me write the batsmen. Now ballers, all-rounders are batsmen, I'm assuming. They are batsmen which are neither captain nor wicket keepers. Similarly, all-rounders which are not vice-captain. So each of them in numbers are one captain, one vice-captain, two wicket keepers, four ballers. Other than the vice-captain, we have three all-rounders. And other than the captain and the wicket keepers, we have four batsmen. And let me take all of these and let us see what can we choose and how many ways can we choose each of these. So the constraints for captain and vice-captain are already chosen, always chosen without fail. So what we want to do is we want to make different cases. Let us see how many cases will be. So let us iterate systematically and let us handle each condition one by one. So the first condition was based upon the wicket keepers. So see, captain and vice-captain are always chosen. So we can always write one and one for captain and vice-captain. Out of these two wicket keepers, you have to pick at least one. So let us make all the cases in which we choose one wicket keeper. Now what was the next constraint? The next constraint was at least three ballers are chosen. So let me start with choosing the minimum number of ballers, which is three. And at least three all-rounders are chosen, out of which Hardik Pandey has already chosen. So out of the remaining three all-rounders, let me choose two more all-rounders. So what I have done is I have taken minimum of all of these. And if you take minimum of all of these, you have one plus two plus three, four, five, six, seven, eight players. So automatically out of the remaining four batsmen, you have to choose three batsmen. That is case one. Similarly, let us make all such cases. And on the right-hand side, we are going to count the number of ways of selecting them. In case two, captain and vice-captain are always chosen. Let us keep wicket keepers at two, ballers at three. Let me increase the number of all-rounders to three. Can I do that? We have, you know, vice-captain who is all-rounder plus ballers plus all-rounder at seven. Can we choose seven all-rounders? Yes, we cannot choose more than seven, but we can choose seven. And then obviously remaining, if I increase one of the all-rounders, I will have to reduce one of the batsmen. That is my second case. What other cases can be made? If in case three, let me choose one keeper, sorry, one captain, one vice-captain, one wicket keeper. Now I think with three ballers, can we make any other combination? Either we can have three all-rounders. If I increase the number of all-rounders to, let's say, so we have three plus one. If I increase the number of ballers to four. Next, let me increase the number of ballers to four. Then let me start with, again, number of all-rounders to be two. So total number of ballers plus all-rounders is one vice-captain plus who is all-rounder plus four ballers plus two, so seven. So yeah, this case is already also valid. And here again, we will have two number of batsmen. Let's keep going. Similarly, if we talk about case four. Now with one wicket keeper, we have only these many cases. So next, what we'll have to do is, we'll have to increase the number of wicket keepers. So let's say we take both keepers, right? So in case four, what you can do is, you have captain, vice-captain. Let's make it two wicket keepers. And then minimum number of ballers is three. If you choose two all-rounders, then you will have to choose only two batsmen. Well, wicket keeper is also technically a batsman. So number of batsmen are considered in this case and this case. Similarly, if I talk about case five and in case five, what we are doing is, we are choosing keeper, or sorry, captain, vice-captain, two wicket keepers. If we choose three ballers and three all-rounders, remaining, you have to choose only one batsman out of four. And finally, one more case will be there in which you pick case six, one captain, vice-captain, two wicket keepers. Let us increase the number of ballers to four. Then you can only have two all-rounders because the vice-captain, pander, is already all-rounder. So he has seven all-rounders. You cannot have more than seven. And in this case, how many batsmen have you chosen? One plus one, two plus two, four plus four, eight plus two, ten. So only one batsman can be chosen. Now we have made all the cases. So you can simply count the number of ways of choosing these. So for these two, number of ways of choosing one out of one is always one. So let us not even count them. You can choose two wicket keepers out of one. Two C1 ways into four C3 ways into three C2 into four C3. And here we are going to use addition rules. So we are going to add all of these cases. For the next one, the number of cases is two C1 into four C3 into three C3 into four C2. Here the answer will be two C1 into four C4 into three C2 into four C2. Well, the number of ways of choosing two wicket keepers out of two is always one. So let us not write that again. In these cases, you only are picking ballers out on us in batsmen. So you can do that in four C3 into three C2 into four C2 ways. Then you can do it in four C3 into three C3 into four C1 ways. And finally, you can pick four baller out of four and four C4 ways. This is three C2 ways and this is four C1 ways. All right. Now if you add all of this, what do you get is so this whole number is two into four into three into four four fours are sixteen and sixteen six are ninety six plus this turns out to be three C3 is one four C2 is six six into four is twenty four twenty four into two is forty eight plus well four C4 is one and three into two is six six into six is thirty six plus four C3 is four into three into six twelve into six is seventy two All right, eighteen fours are seventy two plus what we have is four into four that is sixteen only and finally what we have is three into four that is twelve and if you add all of these eight plus six fourteen plus six twenty twenty two and eight thirty carry three nine plus three is twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen plus nine is how much twenty eight so total number of combinations answer to this challenging problem is two eight please write in the comments how many of you were able to get the correct answer with all the six cases I hope you had fun learning maths as well as playing cricket so well keep studying keep watching cricket but only for a limited amount of time and all the best team India until next time


1 in 3 human globally do not have access to safe drinking water. This is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Yet there are excellent solutions to make water drinkable. This ceramic water filter is eco-friendly and can be manufactured anywhere in the world at low cost. We went to Guatemala to visit Eco-Filter, a great social enterprise that manufactured them and teaches entrepreneurs how to set up their own factories. At Lotec Lab, we travel the world to find the best Lotec. Inventions that are useful, sustainable and accessible to all. My name is Fili Wilson, I'm the founder of Eco-Filter here in Antigua, Guatemala. Here is a ceramic filter. Yes, it is a technology that was invented in 1982 by licensed Fernando Masariegos from Panajachel, Guatemala. And it is a technology that replicates, as well as nature purifies water in a thousand meters. This purifies it in a couple of inches or centimeters. And it is made of natural materials that can be found anywhere in the world. How does the water function? Yes, it fills it, it fills it with water and by gravity it is gushing little by little.  In countries like Guatemala, more than 95% of rivers, wells, water sources in general are contaminated with fecal oric bacteria. If you do not have access to drinking water, it kills more people than any form of violence, including wars. So when you bring drinking water to a community, it is the most important intervention for the health of the community and for the production. There is no better intervention than bringing drinking water to a family. What they do here in Guatemala is to boil water. They use four glasses and boil it. But many times it is not boiled properly. So there are many children who have intestinal infections because they do not know how to boil in a way where 100% of the bacteria move. What is the history of this filter? It started as a foundation and my sister was the director. And when it started, there would be a million families without drinking water. But the foundation gave the filters. And it did not have enough resources to give to all families. So it happened to me that this filter could be put in a mud container for urban families or a plastic bucket for rural families. So the urban sale, which is profitable, gives us the possibility to maintain prices very low for rural families. And so we have achieved more than 400,000 rural families and more than 300,000 in urban areas. Do you think it can be reproduced in other parts of the world? In fact, there are 61 factories in 39 countries. The last one is Indonesia. The inventor donated technology to humanity because he said it was very important to patent it. So delegations come here to Guatemala. We give them all the information on how to produce and how to sell successfully in their countries. This is an open technology. So all the people who want to come to know how to make a factory to make these filters, welcome. We are happy to give you all the information. And you can personally write to me pwilsongarrobaecofiltro.com I love this technology. It's a perfect example of low-tech. It's sustainable, accessible and very useful. Although it looks super simple, it's not. Each parameter must be carefully controlled, especially the raw materials. And you need a good kill. This is more for entrepreneurs than for amateurs. I tried several times for myself and failed each time. So if you're interested, think big. Do the eco-filtro training and set up your factory. I will explain the principle to you anyway and you can find all the details in the written tutorial. You will need good quality clay powder, sawdust, some use rice husk or peanut shells finely grinded, clean water, colloidal silver, which is a natural antibacterial agent. The filter is made of a mixture of clay and sawdusts. When it is fired in the kiln, the sawdust turns into charcoal. It creates microparasites. Then it is brushed with colloidal silver. When water goes through the filter, pathogens and suspended materials are trapped in the microparasites. This is why the size of the sawdust particles is an important factor. Colloidal silver is used to enhance the inactivation of bacteria and other germs. Once it has passed through the filter, the water is drinkable. The proportion of sawdust and clay is about 50%. It depends on your materials. You have to do some tests. The mixture must be homogeneous, at 60% of the volume in water. At EcoFiltro, they use a machine to mix and extrude the mixture. They cut a slice and place it in a hydraulic press to press the shape. Then they let it dry for 1 or 2 weeks. The surface is scrapped. Then the filters are placed in the oven at 900 degrees for 9 hours. They fill the filter with water to test them. In 1 hour, you should have about 1 to 2 liters that pass through. Those who don't pass the tests may end up in flower pots. Those who pass the tests are covered with a layer of colloidal silver. Simply wash it every 6 months with a cloth. It is recommended to change it after 2 years. Drinking water is precious and desperately needed by hundreds of millions of people. I hope that technologies like this will spread because the potential is huge. The goal of the Lottec Lab is to find Lottec innovation, document and promote them so that anyone can replicate them. It's open source and collaborative, so feel free to comment. And if you start your factory, share it with us.


HSC is a home station check and it is an in-depth inspection into the aircraft's airworthiness. The aircraft has several different kinds of inspections that it goes through. This is the one where we start taking panels off and doing a more in-depth inspection. What we're looking for is anything that is broken, loose, damaged, corrosion is also a big portion of our inspection. The wheel and tire shop is an additional duty that we do here during or in this flight. Basically anytime that a tire is worn or damaged the technicians will remove them and bring them back to the back shop where we will tear them apart. We take, you know, remove the rubber, we will then go ahead and take apart the wheel assembly itself. We do a thorough wash on it. It gets an NDI inspection.  We put it back onto the rack and then the technicians can come back in and use them. The process after its inspection is to lube its parts first then we put our valve stem inside the outboard half of the wheel along with the pressure relief valve. After we've put all the parts into the outboard half we then place the inboard half onto our hydraulic lift. We place the bolts around with washers on the lift and then place the outboard half or inboard half on top of the bolts on the lift. We then put the inboard half onto the tire. After the tire has been lifted up with the inboard half we put the outboard half on and we began putting washers and nuts on. Basically you got two nose tires anytime one is bad you change both of them. As far as mains there are 12 per aircraft we can go through quite a quite a few. I know that we are allotted to have 24 mains ready at all time and 12 nos. We also have an additional amount of wheels that we keep and what is referred to as a risk kit and that is you know if we have a supply shortfall we can go grab those items. It's a very rewarding job to know to know that what we do gets these aircraft in the air and back down safely and the flight crews home to their families safely every day.