Hi everyone, in this tutorial you will learn how to write Hello World program in Golang. You should know that the first statement in a Go source file must be a package with its name. In this our example, because we're gonna execute this program, executable commands must always use package main. So we're gonna use package main, then we're going to import format module. This format module gives us functions to work with input and output. Next what we need to do is to create main function and inside main function we're gonna call print function. This print function is from format module. Inside this print function we're gonna type hello world and that's all for our first program in Go programming language. Let's run this code and as you can see this message hello world is printed. That's all in this tutorial, don't forget to check other tutorials on our channel. See you in the next tutorial, bye bye.


Mrs. Mancero, my name is Mercedes, and I have four children. My husband's name is Simon, and he's a very good man. He loves the children, he, well, he feels proud, I guess. My husband, he was working on the tractor, and I was working on cutting the cauliflower. They would be throwing in the cauliflower, and I was the one who was cutting and throwing to the side, and he would be picking it up. That's how we met. He works very hard. He's always tired. The kids, they want to be playing with him, everything. The youngest is his bronzo. She's a very good baby. She takes good care of herself. Martha is the second. She bothers more than the smallest.   Sometimes he does things, but that's the way boys are. Pancho was different. There was a time when Pancho wasn't like he is now. Before, he was slow, and now he's so active, he won't be still for a minute. Today, my husband goes to watch television and sit down with a baby. And the kids, they all sit down in the car and look at television, watching television. And I'm so in a little punch of the first one to go to sleep when he was sick, noticing this right away. Pancho was much bigger than Tino because he's two years older than Tino. And then Pancho didn't grow anymore. Instead of growing taller, he was growing wider, you know, looking sick all the time. And then Tino became the same size as Pancho, even though, you know, Pancho is two years older than Tino. And I used to have to dress him. He was just like a little baby. I remember, the son used to bother his eyes and used to squint all the time.  Welfare nurse, Marie, Mrs. Burke, came around. And she gets a lot about people, you know. She said that he didn't look quite right, but she couldn't say what it was. She told me about this school, summer school, and head starts that I could set Pancho to. Discussing this with Mrs. Mansara, I found that they couldn't afford private medical attention. Then I remembered that part of the program was a complete physical for each child. Pancho has received help and has improved. Mrs. Mansara has often told me how grateful she has been. Children who come from these isolated areas live a very dreary life because they're miles away from town. Usually there's one car per family, but that's the car that Papa has to take to work. So the children have no way to get to any social activities. They sit out there in the middle of nothing. And nobody cares, any other children, that are in desperate need of help. Children who have been confined to their rural areas with nothing to do but play in the dirt, no constructive toys. They don't know what it is to play with anyone else, but their own brothers and sisters. So these children start school not understanding what is expected of them in which these families live. Is it dilapidated? Most of the homes are not large enough for the size of the family. There's nothing unusual about families that have four and five children sleeping in one bed. It's no wonder that when they get up and go to school the next morning, they're a little too tired to keep up. They are your dropouts. They're the ones that end up without jobs. They're the ones that end up on the welfare rolls. Many times in making home visits in the area, I found homes that had no doors or windows, no bathrooms. So all of these things that are basic to you and me, they have never seen or heard of. But if by their differences and by their lack of preparedness, they are going to be segregated. They are not going to catch up. They are not going to be the same. And they need to be the same. They deserve to be the same. It's Jim Vestal, photographer for the Telegram Tribune. I remember Poncho and the Head Start program back in the summer of 1965. Head Start, when it first came to town, really didn't mean anything to me and I'm sure it meant nothing to anyone else. It was new and the southern part of San Luis Obispo County has always been known as a migrant area, even back to the Farm Security Agency. That was in 1936, 30 years have passed and still in the same area, the same problem exists. The same migrant people and they're below average. They're substandard only because they've had no formal education. They have no way of getting out. Poncho will at least have a chance to get out. Okay, now watch this. I'm Dr. Tibbs, one of the doctors who see children in the Head Start program. Get dressed. Okay Poncho, you're next. Come on. Well, you look a lot different this year, don't you? You can hop up there. Last year he would just sit on the edge of a table and you wouldn't do very much of anything, huh? You look a lot better this year. Now let's look at your ear first, all right? That's the boy. This ear looks clean. Did you clean your ears this morning? Did you wash it? Yeah. Let's see your teeth. Did you wash your teeth this morning? Let's see the ones in the back. I'll take a big breath, go. And again. That's right. All right, Poncho, lie down. Now look right up toward the ceiling. Can you see the sky up there? I'll look down the side first. All right, look up here in the sky. All right, very good. I saw Poncho for the first time. He was interested in absolutely nothing that was going on around him. This is quite abnormal for a five-year-old boy. You can hardly get a five-year-old to stand still for a picture. In the medical photographs that we took at the time, he has a rather bloated appearance of his face and his neck. He's a little bit sway-backed. He's pot belly. These are all characteristics of a youngster who had a thyroid deficiency or cretinism. We immediately began thyroid hormone as replacement. His progress has given us all a good bit of indication that Poncho, instead of being dependent on society, would most likely be capable of making some contribution to it. Now, you look right over there, Poncho. Right over there at that file. Your eye, way on the inside. That's right. See, that looks just fine. Now, let's look on his side. Look at that fellow over there. That's right. And both his eyes seem perfectly normal. All right, Poncho. Let's look at the eye chart with Mrs. Bird. Can you see this chart up, Poncho? I'll cover your eyes with one hand. Tell me what I'm pointing at. On just a very short period of time, his vocabulary progressed. He's essentially gone from the toddler stage to the school age in about 18 months. Good. Very good.  Very good. All right, Rachel, you're next. Hop up here. That's a big girl. You can bring your doll. That's fine. Hop right up here. That's a big girl. That was certainly made possible. A completely new and better life for many children, not alone Poncho. In most every community, there are children who have never had any form of contact with medical care, or perhaps even knowing that such things existed. I've seen children with visual problems, cataracts, heart problems. If these youngsters are going to be able to compete for just the necessities of life if they don't have good health, they're already at a tremendous disadvantage. In Poncho's case, true, he made a dramatic improvement on medication, but it wasn't just simply the medicines alone that allowed him to do this. It was the continued exposure to a very stimulating experience. For your nose pretty lady, you've got a ring on your nose pretty lady. I'm Henry Greenin, second-year Head Start teacher. With most of the children that came into our Head Start Center, the main problem we had in the beginning was to kind of break them out of isolation to bring them into groups where they would respond. Somebody built a dog's nose. Poor dog. They're not a kitty cat. You scare the poor dog as she'll fall down.  He'll put his head back on. Look at his ears. See his ears sticking up in the... Where's your other coin? Hey Poncho. Poncho. When Poncho first came into Head Start, and after medication started and the physical development started to correct itself, the child then still had a terrific emotional and psychological change to go through. Hey Poncho, do you want to make something with the clay? Here, you guys go ahead and make your monster. And I'll see if I can get Poncho to make something, okay? Okay? Hey Tiger. Do you like to make something with the clay? Huh? Do you think it'd be kind of fun to make something with the clay? Okay. Would you like to? What would you like to make? Monster. A monster? Make a monster too? Okay. Let's see if we can get some clay out there. Find some monster clay. Where's the monster clay? Is that monster clay? Like his head. Should we use that for his head? Okay. Put his head right there. We would work with the child individually. Get the child interested in, we'll say, clay. Something they can do with their hands and pound and it doesn't break easily. These children are limited greatly in the experiences they've had in life in general. Drawing with crayons, working their small muscles with their hands. They're just so many little things they've never had an opportunity to do. Okay. Put the shoe on. Right there. Sit it on their right foot. Hey Sylvia, look what Poncho made. Come here and see the monster. Clunk. Clunk. Clunk. The child is slowly learning acceptance now from his friends and recognition. And then from this situation where the child is being accepted by his peers and then we try larger group situations. There it is. It is something in there. That's my finger. How do you know so much? A door. Poncho, do you want to hear a story? Who else wants to hear a story? Me. You want to really hear a story? How many people want to hear a story? Want to hear a story later?  Would you get that book for me?  That's it, boy. You sit down right here. Sit down right here. Okay, you guys, what kind of a story would you like to hear? I know a neat story in here. Can I read the neat story? This story? Okay, this is called the sea shore. You can dig in the sand and build castles and dams. You can catch little crabs if you're quick. You can wiggle your toes in the cool little waves. And there's the way to get the crabs. They're putting shells in their pail. Remember when we went to the beach and we got shells? We put them up to our ears to listen. Huh? Everybody put a shell up your ear and listen. Hope your hands real tight. Listen to the sea now. When the teacher of Wooden locks Poncho just sat and he did nothing to the fact that these children were carrying up this fire engine and slowly they were throwing the thing all around the room. He looked around, he was bewildered. It was all too much for him. A happy story to be able to turn and say there's Poncho. Let's fill up Poncho's pail. Hold your pail out there. Everybody fill up Poncho's pail. Still hold it? Is it heavy? How do you swim? All of a sudden I see a great big ish coming after us. I'll swim for sure. That's who it is. It's Superman. Listen. What's a Batman song sound like? Where's Batman? Is Batman fly? Show me where Batman is in the sky. I don't see Batman up there. Where's Batman in the sky? There's Batman. And Superman. Where's Robin? Where's Poncho? There he is. Right there. During the summer we took numerous nature walks with the children. And on these first nature walks there had to be quite a bit of direction to show these children what there was out there. And so we spent a lot of time just stopping, looking for wild flowers and getting down on our hands and knees and looking for bugs.  The children I want my children to be completely alive with life and loving life and wanting life is giving everybody a chance to live and to give each person a real choice in life rather than I'm what I am because of what I've been forced into being but I am what I am because that's what I want to be.


Each year with the Global Innovation Index, in addition to establishing the metrics for 140 economies, we have a specific theme that we focus on. The 2015 theme is innovation for development. And so we're focusing on the fact that innovation being a very complex phenomenon, actually the participants are much broader than one would normally think. What we see is that there are a number of opportunities for improvement on the part of, let's say, developing countries taken as a whole. One area where we believe that a great deal of work is needed is increasing business sophistication. Since innovation is a complex phenomenon and involves many, many actors, institutions and infrastructure right across the economy, establishing the necessary linkages and establishing the business sophistication for innovation policies is extremely important. I would like to express my thanks to the Minister for Intellectual Property in the United Kingdom, Baroness Neville Rolf, and the Government of the United Kingdom for hosting the launch in 2015. Why in the United Kingdom? Well, the United Kingdom is an outstanding performer in the field of innovation. It will be coming in at number two in the global ranking in the GII in 2015. We noticed movement since 2011. The UK has improved from number 10 position to number two position. This is quite remarkable because there is a certain stability in the top 20, let's say.  So something's happening that is positive and that is good in the United Kingdom in relation to innovation.


Why did I, for example, become a Navy SEAL in the first place? You know, this is kind of a running joke in the teams. And certainly through my friends. It's like, well, we're 22-year-old kids, or in some cases, 18-year-old kids. And yes, we're patriots. We ask we want to serve our country. But we also want to be bad-ass. What's up, everybody? And welcome to the show today. We drop great content each and every week. And we want to make sure that you guys get notified. And in order to do that, you're going to have to smash that subscribe button and hit that notification bell. And if you've gotten a lot of value out of this, make sure you give us a like and share our videos with your friends. Is there anything in particular that somebody who is looking under their hood should be looking for in order to figure out whether they're the Jeep or the Ferrari or notable pieces that can help them orient to a better lifestyle that suits their needs? Yeah, so the process is highly subjective and introspective. And what I'll say about attributes is that attribute, we all have all of the attributes. The difference in each one of us are the levels to which we have each. So if we take adaptability as an attribute, I might be, if one's low and 10's high, I might be a level eight on adaptability. Which means when the world around me changes outside of my control, it's fairly easy for me to go with the flow and roll with it. Someone else might be a level three, which means when the same thing happens to them, it's difficult for them. Again, no judgment. Judging where we fall on these attributes is like judging our hair color. There's nothing we can do, it's useless. But if we were to line all the attributes up on a wall, like dimmer switches, all of our switches would be on different levels and we'd have to figure that out. So that's number one is kind of figure out where you stand. And then it's gonna be about understanding how that fits into the context of your current life and your current goal set. Because the attributes required to do one thing are different than the attributes required to another. So the attributes required to be a Navy SEAL, that list is gonna be different than the attributes required to be a standup comic or a teacher or a doctor, right? And some attributes, if you're low on, it doesn't really matter because in the context of your goal, it's actually fine, right? So the standup comic, for example, doesn't need a lot of empathy, okay? Doesn't need to be high on the empathy scale. In fact, too much empathy might actually hurt a standup comic because how are you supposed to find funny at a funeral if you're too empathetic, right? So if a standup comic is in the standup comic world and says, oh, I'm a little low on empathy, it's like, okay, that's fine, I don't need to work on that. But if on the other hand, someone says, yeah, I wanna be a surgeon, right? And so courage, in my mind, courage would have to be one of those ones you have a lot of because gosh, I can't even imagine doing that. Then someone's gonna need to work on that or whatever it is, adaptability or perseverance. Name the attribute, again, it's a subjective task. So I think every person needs to understand, A, where they stand and then B, say, what are my goals? And what are the niches within which I want to excel and succeed and then how does that line up with what I'm coming to the table with? And if there are gaps, then start working the gaps. That's great and most importantly is putting yourself in a position to be challenged so you can see where these attributes lie. You're not going to find them or discover them eating Cheetos, binging on Netflix.  And I'm sure every one of those guys going into it says, I got the attributes that it's going to take to get through this and how many passed? We started 168, something like that and we graduated 38. Yeah, so, and that's normal numbers. I mean, you're talking about 11%, 10 to 11% of success rates. So 89 to 90% attrition because yeah, because these attributes are the most visible and visceral experientially during times of challenge, uncertainty and stress. You can't sit across, this is where businesses and teams get it wrong because they assume sometimes that they can hire or they hire based on skills because skills are highly visible, they're measurable. You can score them, you can put stats around them, you can put them on resumes, you can see. But skills don't tell us how people behave in uncertainty and challenge and stress attributes do. And so you can't sit across, because they're hidden, you can't sit across the table from someone in an interview and assess how adaptable they are or how resilient they are, you just can't do it. It's experience that actually helps that vet out. And so it's important for us to understand that these experiences, and so here's the good news, every single one of us as human beings has been through challenge and uncertainty and stress. We all have, right? So we all have vignettes that we can look back on and start thinking about how we performed. And if we're honest with ourselves, we can say, you know what? I'm not very adaptable, adapting's hard for me or I'm not very patient or I'm not very resilient. That type of self introspection and self-awareness allows someone to then say, okay, do I need to work on that? If someone wants to develop an attribute, they can do it. It just takes a lot of, it's different than learning a skill. You have to, it takes self-motivation, self-direction. It takes a willingness for that person to step into discomfort and uncertainty and challenge so they may develop it. But that's the difference. And a quick back of the envelope test for the audience to determine whether or not to say skill or an attribute is to ask the question or questions, can I teach it or can it be taught? Okay, if the answer's yes, it's probably a skill. If the answer's no, it's probably an attribute. The example would be AJ and Johnny, you say to me, Rich, I wanna learn how to shoot a gun, a pistol and hit a bullseye every time. Well, I could take both of you out to the range and teach you how to do that within a couple hours. That's a skill. But if you say, Rich, we wanna be more patient. Okay, I can't teach you patience, right? Both of you would have to go find, you'd have to be self-motivate, self-direct and then go find experiences and situations that test and tease and develop your patience. Whatever those are. So I don't know, you go to the grocery store and pick the longest line to stand in every time. I don't know what that is or drive to Liberty and Taft traffic. But you have to find them. I've worked with AJ long enough to know and vice versa that neither of us are stacked in the patience. That's it. And that's okay. We drop great content each and every week and we wanna make sure that you guys get notified and in order to do that, you're gonna have to smash that subscribe button and hit that notification bell. And if you've gotten a lot of value out of this, make sure you give us a like and share our videos with your friends. There's two viewpoints to this, right? There's this view that, okay, I understand the dimmer switches and I don't need to change them. It's innate, it's who I am and maybe I could find the better road for me to be on or those in our audience who are obsessed with performance and say, I wanna dial these switches to a 10. I don't wanna be dim in any of these areas. So how can we create in our own lives opportunities for us to develop these attributes and identify the areas that might not be worth developing because there's so many attributes in the book, right? And of course, there are members of our audience who wanna be at a 10 on every one of them and some of that time and energy spend is just not really helpful for them. So how do you differentiate and determine, these are attributes that I wanna continue to develop and work on. And you know what? I'm happy with where this is set. It's getting me results in my life and I can move on. Well, okay, so a couple of things that impact, first of all, the audience has to understand that it's impossible to be at a 10 on all of them, right? It's just impossible, right? We can't, okay? The second thing is being a 10 on any of them is probably a bad thing. Too much of anything is probably a bad thing. I don't know. I mean, I'd have to really look and do some real thoughts on if there's any of these attributes that like having too much of is not a bad thing, right?  I mean, you're not actually assessing risk properly. So there's a balance there on all of these things. You wanna have, I mean, the levels, seven and eights are probably the good thing. And even things like narcissism, you wanna kind of be in the mid-range. Even, you know, so first of all, yeah, you don't wanna look for perfect 10s on any of this stuff. In terms of each individual and what they want to accomplish and what they want to kind of excel in, they have to do the work. They have to actually ask themselves the questions. Okay, first of all, where do I stand on these things? Okay, and that takes, I can't tell them that, right? This is why, you know, and so there's an assessment tool on the website. And we put that on there and I wanted to design and I wanted to put it on there for free so people could actually do it whenever they wanted. But it'll give you a kind of a score on where you stand on the grid attributes, the mental acuity attributes and the drive attributes. And the idea behind the assessment is that when you take it, that you have to really kind of introspect quite a bit. You have to think about it as you answer the questions and really answer them honestly. And then even when you get your score, the score is gonna be kind of a score in comparison to the data pool that we got the data, right, so if you're a level eight on adaptability, you're a level eight as compared to this thousand group of people that we, so even those answers need to be kind of thought through and say, okay, how does this apply? Does this make sense to me? This is a little bit different than some of the other tests out there, right? The strengths finders and the personality tests and stuff, which I love, I think those are great.  My assessment tool and the attributes assessment tool is completely different because it's really designed for you to think about and figure out who you are, versus be told. I can't tell you, I just can't tell you. And so, for your audience members who are kind of highly motivated and really wanna do the best they can, first it takes the introspect and say, okay, where do I stand? Then, okay, given the contexts of my goals, what are the ones that I need a preponderance of? And then based on those two lists, I say, okay, where am I really doing well? Okay, I'm on a level eight on like seven out of 10 of these things. These three, though, I'm a little bit low. Okay, I'm gonna actively work to develop these three, these three, right? And then develop them to the extent where they're kind of good. I mean, you're not gonna get, I don't think, I don't think, and again, I'm not a psychologist and I have to do this, there's not a lot of research on this. I'm not sure you can get to a level of unconscious competence in an attribute that you're lower on. I think you're only gonna be able to get to a conscious competence where you're okay at it, but you have to think about it every time. And in fact, it might also be somewhat contextual. So for example, if you are impatient, and then you have kids, okay, and you learn it, and the kids inevitably teach you patience, right? Hopefully, because they're like, okay, I know how I can be patient. I've developed my patience with my kids. That doesn't necessarily mean you're gonna be patient with other people's kids, okay? I mean, so it can be somewhat contextual. Developing an attribute could be somewhat contextual. It needs, takes work and takes effort. And so just people have to understand that. There's always gonna be conscious thought involved in work that needs to be put in, and it's a highly introspective process. I love that. And you mentioned, to go back a little bit, you mentioned narcissism as an attribute. And for as long as we've been doing this company, and we've been in some very clinical settings and have interviewed psychologists and have been in this world, and narcissism takes on different roles and different, and depending on the company that you're speaking to, where in a clinical setting, for the most part, psychologists have always pushed narcissism into a place where you don't wanna be narcissistic, you wanna stay away from it. It's not a good attribute to have, and it's bad, bad, bad. And of course, I've been in other settings, I think it's an entrepreneurship and certainly business where people talk about the idea of adopting healthy narcissism, or borrowing from places that probably don't have the best social results, but personally, they can get you into doing things that maybe you wouldn't been able to do if you didn't borrow this from the dark side.  And narcissism is the same way, it's like, well, you have to have some sort of love for yourself, and maybe even the delusion that goes with narcissism, to put yourself in a place to be able to see victory or at least to be able to learn. Yeah, yeah, no, it's so true. And so I really, this is one of the most interesting and fun sections for me to write about, because I had to really do some introspection myself, but let me separate a couple of terms here, because I'm really into semantics. If you get to know me, which I'm sure we'll keep in touch, I'm just, I'm really big in semantics, okay? So arrogance is different than narcissism, and arrogance is really, and I usually relate arrogance to confidence, okay? Confidence is I know I can do this, arrogance is I'm better than you. Confidence is internally focused, arrogance is externally expressed, right? And that's different, that's a different category. Narcissism is the desire to stand out, to be noticed, to be recognized, to be adored, okay? It's a desire more than it is anything else.  I got it, and I started, I had to turn to the page on narcissistic personality disorder, and I started reading, okay? And in that, in that, in the DSM-5, it'll lay out about nine different criteria, like nine sentences, they're a kind of criteria. And it basically says, hey, if you, if the patient has five or more of these, then they have the disorder, the narcissistic personality disorder. So I started reading them, and I said to myself, okay, well, as I read them, I was like, well, I certainly don't have five or more of these things. However, as I was reading each one, I wasn't necessarily saying, no, that's not me.  I can see myself, I've sometimes thought that way, or I've sometimes thought that way. So then I'd say, okay, why did I, for example, become a Navy SEAL in the first place? And that's kind of a running joke in the teams. And certainly through my friends, it's like, well, we're 22-year-old kids, or in some cases, 18-year-old kids, and yes, we're patriots, we ask, we want to serve our country, but we also want to be badasses, right? We want to do something that very few people can do, or even can, even a comp, I mean, just, it's the desire to stand out, right? And so narcissism on a healthy level, when metabolized in a healthy way, is really impetus of audacious goal-set. I mean, what makes someone want to be the famous rock star, or the top-notch surgeon, or the lawyer, or the military person, or the author, whatever that is? It's that seed of narcissism, it's that seed of desire to stand out. And then I actually said, okay, let's back this up even more, and talk about the neuroscience, okay? When we are infants, and getting paid attention to by our parents or others, we are getting hit, burst, with three powerful chemicals, dopamine, which is, this feels good, keep doing it, serotonin, which is a neurotransmitter that says, hey, this is good, people like me, it's like a safety-connection-bond thing, and then the hormone oxytocin, which is the love chemical, the love hormone, okay? This exchange when you have physical touch with other human beings, acts of kindness, we're getting all three of those, and we're getting paid attention to. That doesn't change when we're adults, okay? When we're getting paid attention to and adored, we're actually getting the same chemical response. I would offer that every single human being, at some point in our lives, wants to feel special, feel adored, stand out, be unique, okay? Whatever that definition takes on, whatever that meaning is. So I think narcissism, healthfully metabolized, can actually be a driver towards goals and audacious goal-setting. I think that's why we have to look at it. One caveat, though, which I have to say, okay? Because it can, narcissism, when tipped to the wrong level, okay, too much, is dangerous, okay? And it's also dangerous, dangerous for a couple of reasons. Obviously we know it's dangerous because it makes people, you know, bad, right? But it's also dangerous because it's like a vampire staring in the mirror. We can't see it in ourselves, all right? So the inoculation to that is to surround ourselves with people who actually tell us the truth and love us and care about us enough to keep us reined in. And don't put us at the center of attention all the time, right? You know, the true narcissist you'll see, you can tell true narcissists because they surround themselves with sycophants, right? They are always the center of attention, okay? If you have a group, if you have a friend group, a family group that keeps you humble, I call them your grounding wires, right? That's an inoculation that allows people to achieve audacious goals. Think about the most famous people on the planet either currently or in history, throughout history, who are also stable, okay? It's usually because when they talk about their family, it's because they have a family environment that keeps them that way, you know? And they always go back to that home base to keep them stable, to keep them grounded. That's the inoculation against too much narcissism.


You mentioned iOS 15.1 for Dale did and that reminded me a couple of episodes ago I lamented the fact that I could ask Siri to set an alarm on my phone But could not ask Siri to stop or snooze on alarm once it was ringing on my phone And that sort of disconnect drives me crazy if I can start something with my voice I really want to be able to stop it with my voice Many of you pointed out that iOS 15.1 Fixes that so you can now finally after all these years Tell Siri from across the room Stop my alarm snooze my alarm and it will do just that so I was stoked about that one. It's good night. Yeah Mike Has an iOS 15 tip for us He says I like to assign photos to my contacts I also make as much use of the people album in photos as I can I wanted to change a contacts photo while editing the contact on my iPhone Which is running the latest iteration of iOS 15 Editing the contact photo brings up common choices including the ability to take a picture choose from photos, etc After a few beats faces of that contact populated as choices coming from the people album It made it super quick easy and cool to add an updated contact photo bonus as a bonus He says it was also already cropped and centered on the face Right because the people's album has art like in order for it to get into the people's album Photos has already done its computational stuff to figure out where the faces and then figure out whose face it is So it knows which I think is cool. Yeah, I like that. That's smart


Hey guys, welcome to Archland. So we're here to review skill animations review possible skills for both Marguerite and for Jin. We'll start off with Marguerite here. Marguerite is called Marguerite Delift Fleur-de-lis. So as you can see, I'm gonna pause between videos here So that we could have a better understanding of what her skills are Nothing here. That was her basic attack a while ago. That was a buff. That was by the way guys a Some kind of a teleportation While she teleports an ally. You're gonna assume this she actually gains a buff Interesting interesting interesting. It's a very interesting and a very nice Mechanic to add to the game by the way. So attack buff the self Teleporting an ally also guys. Just want to note Put this out. She has a buff steal and she also has a tea as a heal.   She's gonna have both mage capabilities and She's a hybrid of sort So what Margaret brings to the table is both functions for mage and priest a Lot of utility to her kit will have more detail when she drops This you know in the next few days. So moving on to her partner here who will be dropping as well on Same day. This is going to be Jin It's gonna have a preview as well of her of his skill animations So for Jin His specialty is going to be the first attack which is actually very Very important. Just want to pause the video here so that I could concentrate and talk to you guys So the first attack is very good. It's very impressive to have It's rare to have in a kit. He has this in his passive. I think If I can remember there's one here already has the first attack But he has a first attack which is very important because sometimes even if you have a vampire ability or a vampire rune Sometimes if you are first attack sometimes you get killed So he is going to be very good at that range attack and also the capability of bringing debuffs So he's gonna be working well with with Charlotte in PvP most likely PvP Charlotte and him are going to be killing it in PvP.  I think I have enough. I have one enough for a pity pull of 90 right now, but again I'll try to pull for both because both are going to be magnificent and both are going to help you a lot for PvP both This guy here Jin is really going to Improve your you know standing in PvP, especially if you have Charlotte already both of them are going to be doing some killing in PvP Marguerite is also good for PvP wise because she trims down your roster and for a light element for For a mage. She's going to be good for this guy Jin here He is a warrior a water warrior, which is similar to Charlotte So again both of their skills their animations are superb And I can't wait to you know have them in a couple of days and I'll be able to pull for them So thank you very much guys for staying this far. Take care. Stay safe. This is the warden and I'm out of here


So this is going to be a demonstration of the lower part of the back of the thigh, the perpendicular region and the back of the leg. This is a prone cadaver, this is the left side. I am narrating from the left side, the camera person is also on the left side. So we have the perpendicular fossa in front of us and the lower part of the thigh which have been dissected out. The perpendicular fossa is a diamond shaped depression on the back of the knee and it is bounded by these following structures. To promediately, we have this combined muscle here, this is the semi-tendinosis and just under that this is the semi-membrinosis. Supralaterally, we have this combined muscle here. This is the combined muscle of the short and the long head of the bicep femoris. So therefore, this is the supramedial and the supralateral boundary respectively. Inframedially, we have this muscle here, this is the medial head of the gastrocnemius. Infralaterally, we have this combined muscle here, this one is the plantaris muscle and just under that this is the lateral head of the gastrocnemius. So therefore, this is the perpendicular fossa. This perpendicular fossa was covered by a thick fascia which is actually the continuation of the fascialata continuing into the crural fascia and this portion of that deep fascia is referred to as the popliteal fascia. Superficial to that was the superficial fascia of the leg. We have removed that to show the content. The content was completely filled with fat and lymph nodes and those have been removed to show the depth of the perpendicular fossa. So let's take a look at the other important contents. We can see this nerve here. This is the sciatic nerve coming from the thigh and the sciatic nerve divides in the lower part of the thigh into a tibial division which runs straight down from one apex of the popliteal fossa to the other apex of the popliteal fossa. And we can see that doing and this is the common fibular nerve which runs laterally obliquely under cover of the bicep femoris and then it goes behind the head of the fibula and then it winds around the lateral to the neck of the fibula. So this is the first structure which is a content. Then we have this structure which I have lifted up here. This is the popliteal vein and then we have this structure here. This is the popliteal artery. So therefore the rule of thumb is from lateral to medium and from superficial to deep. We have the nerve vein artery. So this is a very useful relationship to remember. Now let's show the branches of the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa. The popliteal artery gives five branches in the popliteal fossa and for that we have separated the popliteal vein completely and lifted up the popliteal artery. We can see this artery here and we can see this artery here. This is the superior lateral and this is the superior medial genicular artery which are the branches of the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa. Then we have this branch here. This is the middle genicular artery and then we have this branch here. This is the inferior lateral and this is the inferior medial genicular branch of the popliteal artery. This is the right femoral popliteal angiogram to show some of the branches of the popliteal So these are the five branches of the popliteal artery in the popliteal fossa and they are accompanied by the respective veins, some of which has been removed for better clarity. These genicular arteries also anastomose with a descending branch of the femoral artery for the genicular branch of the femoral artery and they also anastomose with a branch from the lateral circumflex femoral and they also receive a recurrent branch from below and all these eight arteries they constitute what is known as the genicular anastomosis. This genicular anastomosis provides collateral circulation in femoral popliteal occlusion. Next important point which I want to draw your attention to is this opening where my instrument is going in and I can put my finger also. This is the adductor hiatus. The adductor hiatus is an opening between the two parts of the adductor Magnus, the adductor component and the hamstring component and this adductor hiatus gives passage to the femoral artery in the femoral vein as they pass out to the adductor hiatus they become known as the popliteal vein and the popliteal artery. This is the place where one of the sites where the popliteal artery can potentially be entrapped producing popliteal artery occlusion. The next point I want to draw your attention to is as the popliteal artery descends down it is situated as you can see very close to the medial head of the gastrocnemius and it can potentially be compressed by the medial head of the gastrocnemius and that constitutes a constellation of syndromes which are collectively referred to as the popliteal artery entrapment syndrome P-A-E-S and according to the love and valent classification there are six different types of popliteal artery entrapment and they are all directly or indirectly related to the medial head of the gastrocnemius though of course there are a few other variations also there's yet a third site of potential entrapment of the popliteal artery but that is not present in this particular dissection. In dislocation of the knee joint posterior dislocation especially it can potentially injure the tibial nerve or any of the other structures. When there is extra position of synovial fluid from the knee joint or from one of the per se around the knee joint like for example the semi-membranouss bursa or the gastrocnemius bursa or even the popliteal bursa then the synovial fluid can collect in this space in the popliteal fossa because there's a potential large space for collection and then it forms a fluctuating swelling and that is referred to as a popliteal cyst or a morant baker cyst. This is an MRI of the knee to show the femoral condyles and the morant baker cyst in the popliteal fossa. Really we can get aneurysm of the popliteal artery in which case it will produce an expansile pulsation on the back of the knee so these are some of the important clinical correlations pertaining to the popliteal fossa and its contents. That's all for now thank you very much for watching Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing off please like and subscribe if you have any questions or comments please put them in the comment section below. Have a nice day.


What's the magic word this morning? It's Steve Larson. What's the magic question? Is it safe? Is it safe? So Steve is teaching in the Pennsylvania on computer science and a lot of things on hacking and cyber security and the like and he's here for a few weeks and we catch up with him and we love to learn what he's been thinking about and teaching about because this is a very important topic. It's not quite as as existential as climate change but it's right up there right up there and we'd better you know it's like Mueller said we'd better attend to it. Is it safe? No, thanks for having me on the show. You know we had an election coming up and everybody know everybody in the world knows that the Russians and for that matter copying the Russians you know Trump has his own organization which engages in this. I don't have to tell you that Parskow who was the guy who was the social media you know manager in the last election is now his campaign manager overall so we know what kind of campaign he's going to be doing. It's totally digital. How should we be worried? What are the things we should be worried about? How should we be worried? What should be worried about? We should be very worried if you're concerned with keeping democracy through democracy in America. The things we should be worried about is how they're going about influencing the voters. If you recall Trinidad and Tobago had some elections recently and they used a lot of data and used data mining to influence the voters. I'm not sure how familiar you are with that but wasn't that a Cambridge Analytica? It was a Cambridge Analytica job. Yes and Cambridge Analytica was very happy to report that it was their job. In fact they bragged about at the time they were influencing at about 10 presidential or prime ministerial elections every year at that time. So and it's not that they came out and they said politically you should vote for this guy or you should vote for that guy. In Trinidad and Tobago there's basically two cultural groups the African toboggan's and the Indian toboggan's and what they did was they helped start a movement called DUSO which I don't speak the language but what I understood was to don't vote and they put that out there and all of the young people that were just new voters were persuaded to not vote. However the Indian toboggan's followed their parents more than they followed social media and even though social media was saying don't vote their parents were saying do vote so more Indian voters voted among the young people than the African toboggan's. Which was the desired result and they elected who they wanted to elect. And so in effect Cambridge Analytica controlled that election. Exactly. I remember that was in the movie The Great Hack and a fellow named Dave Carroll I don't know if you know him but he's in your kind of business somewhere on the east coast he teaches the stuff. And then there was a woman who I really thought was really interesting she was a whistleblower from Cambridge Analytica relatively young early 30s maybe. His name was Brittany Kaiser. And this movie which is on Netflix right now is a documentary and tells you all about how Cambridge did it. What's interesting what you and I were talking about before the show is OK so Cambridge Analytica under pressure those bankrupt and they disappear themselves.  Nobody knows where it is. Correct. What happened to that. What happened to the people. People are now working for the company that took its place. You know that company just didn't disappear into thin hair. Everybody still has those skills and talents and somebody wants to use those. Somebody else hired them just under a different name. Yeah. And they did Brexit too. Yes. Which I you know that's more than the Caribbean for sure. Oh yeah. And Brexit has had and will have and is having a huge effect on Europe and on Britain for that matter and they influenced it big time. Oh yeah. And for example an investigative reporter went to Wales where she was from and she was talking to people and they're saying oh no we don't we don't want to be in the EU because of immigration problems and because of the bunch of different problems and she never saw that on any public media. It was all on social media and she went there and she looked at the demographics and that had the lowest incidence of immigration foreigners coming in. They were worried about people from Turkey coming over and they had the lowest rate of immigration from Turkey in the whole European Union. But yet the people following social media were influenced to think a certain way. And she talked to a couple of the young people and voters and they said oh now we want to get out of the European Union because what has it done for us. What has what benefit have we had. And she was showing pictures. Well there's this university that was started because the coal and the auto industry went away. University was started because the European Union funded it. And a bunch of different organizations that were used to better lives of the people were funded by the European Union. Yet social media influenced them to think the European Union hasn't done anything for them. Oh it's deception. It's disinformation misinformation. Yes. And it sounds right out of the Russian playbook playbook in 2016. The with the Internet Research Agency in Moscow which spends a lot of time doing it. You know one thing it strikes me is that Cambridge Analytica. We're going to take a short break. We'll be right back with Steve Larson. Aloha. I'm Marcia Joyner. Inviting you to join us on Wednesdays at one o'clock for cannabis chronicles. The 10,000 year odyssey where we take a look at cannabis as food. Cannabis as medicine. Cannabis and religion. Cannabis and their old uncle's family. So please join us to learn all about cannabis. Again, Wednesdays at one o'clock. Thank you. Aloha. I'm Stan Osterman. Stan the energy man every Friday here on Think Tech Hawaii. If you're really interested in finding out what's going on in energy, especially here in Hawaii, but also all the way around the world, and especially if it has to do with hydrogen, look into Stan the energy man every Friday, 12 o'clock, Think Tech Hawaii either. Aloha. Okay, we're back. We're live with cybersecurity expert Steve Larson visiting us from Pennsylvania where he teaches slippery rock. Anyway, so Steve, you were talking during the break about this investigative journalist who sort of opened opened our eyes a little bit about about the motivations. Can you repeat that for me? Yeah, so she has a couple of TED talks. And in those talks, she's talking about how we are all worried about our privacy. And I understand why, because you know, all of your data is out there. But she was saying that corporations that do the data mining on all the data that we share on all the social media platforms on Google searches, and in our email, those are all mined, and the corporations are using it as a form of power. They are influencing elections, like we said, but they're also using their power to influence making of laws, and other things like that. So we should be very afraid that these corporations are using this data. Now, you remember the book 1984 by George Orwell. Absolutely. Did you follow what they wanted you to do? Were you worried that big brothers watching? Yeah, well, they are. Well, literally now, but it's not the big brother we thought it was in the book, it was the government. Now, it's all the corporations. But we are the ones giving them the data. It used to be George Orwell said, you know, everybody was afraid that big brother was watching. Nowadays, people are afraid that nobody is watching them. For example, teenage kids, they're all over Instagram and Snapchat. And they're they want more and more followers because they want to be seen, they become famous and stuff like that. Oh, yeah, they want them have their own YouTube channel. But we are giving them information that they are using against us. Like information warfare, they're using that data to influence us. For example, when I was active in the Boy Scouts about five years ago, a lot of my emails dealt with Boy Scout and scouting and camping and hiking is and a lot of the pop up ads that I used to get were all about scouting, or all about camping information or stuff like that. So they're mining this now a human being might not be mining it, but they have algorithms that are mining it find out what I should be. What I should be fed, so to speak. So if you look at it, in that case, they're tracking everything we do on the internet, whatever clicks, go to CNN.com. Last time I checked was about six months ago, there are 38 non CNN companies tracking your activity on CNN.com. And they are tracking what what links you're clicking on there, how much time you spend reading each article, what type of articles.   Based on your preferences and what you've done in the past, here's what we think you would like to watch. So they're trying to influence what kind of information you are consuming, based on what you've already consumed.  Well, they know I'm interested in Trump. And I say to myself, oh, that's good, you know, they know I'm interested in Trump, but I don't think we realize how nefarious this is. Because they know a lot more than my interest in some political aspect, they know everything about me, they, you know, it sounds like there's a consolidation of data. It's not just the television or the cable. It's where I spend my money, what I read, where I go, who I talk to. And they got a profile on me. And what what struck me out of the Cambridge Analytica movie, you know, the great hack, we should talk more about it, which I wanted to bounce off you is, okay, so they got this data from Facebook, primarily paid a lot of money for it. Somebody gave them the money to pay Facebook. There's a lot of money. Facebook got what hundreds of millions out of that deal. Somebody had a writer check the Cambridge Analytica, given that money. Okay, so now they have the data from Facebook and other places consolidated data, and they create or maybe they got it already, maybe somebody gave them profiles on you and me, Steve, and they know where we go, what we do, what we think. Right. Now they want to affect us, change our thinking. So they got to make they use an algorithm, go through that data, you know, the metadata kind of analysis.  And then and then they take that and they put us in multiple categories. I'm guessing on this.  And he likes that. And we we know his tastes, we know his inclinations. So we can formulate messages to him. That will appeal appeal to a person with those tastes and inclinations. Very accurate. It's, it's more than why don't you buy a widget because we know you like widgets.  That's what it sounds like to me. Cambridge was bragging that they have 5000 bits of information about each person. I don't know 5000 bits about myself, you know, but they know they can track how fast you're typing in a web browser. You know, they like when I turn on my web browser this morning, immediately it said, hey, you're in Waimalu, Hawaii, here's the temperature. So they know, they know your location based on your IP address. Right.  They know that I buy glass. Of course, I get ads for glasses about once a year, when you renew your glasses. It wouldn't be so bad if they knew your purchasing habits in and your, your size of pants already. But they know so much more than that. They know how you think. And this is this they don't tell us exactly how much they know. In this movie, I think it was a Dave Carroll character, real person, went to them and he wanted to get the information he had they had on him. Right. You never got it. No, his problem was he didn't live in Europe. Have you heard of GDPR, the General Data Protection Regulation in the EU? Yeah, where when you want the information, they have to give it to you. If you want it deleted, they have to delete it and prove that it's been deleted. Otherwise, they can get fined 4% of their receipts for the year. So we don't really know the full extent of those 5000 points of data. No, and we don't know, I mean, be even more difficult to figure out what kind of algorithms because they got really smart people, people maybe who trained in Russia, people American kids to smart, really savvy on computers and creative and innovative. And they are given the problem of trying to change our minds. What do you put out and then targeting us and our little profile? It doesn't have to be, you know, 5 million people. It could be a few hundred people. But it will have great effect because these algorithms they write are so effective. And, and, and there's nothing to lose. Right. If they are unable to change our minds with one approach. So what?  Yes, that's right. You know, this is very scary. It's really, you're right. It's way worse than 1984. And, and let me tell you, it's partly our fault. And I say that because when you log into a website, or the first time you go to a website, you want to join social media or something like that.  Once you log in with that, now those two sites are connected.  So we're, we're enabling the connecting of the dots of all the 5,000 bits of information that make up our character. If we thought about it, you know, I'm always troubled when it says that you can log in three, four different ways through other portal sites. Well, the portal site means, and watching what you do, the keystroke everything. Exactly. It's not just a matter of exposing your passwords, it's a matter of exposing your whole, your whole life. Right. Oh, I'm, you know, I'm very concerned about it in the sense that our democracy really is based on a secret ballot. It's also based on the basic assumption goes back to the revolution that the electorate is well informed. Right. The electorate has conversations, develops, you know, sound opinions.  We don't really have that anymore. We lost that somewhere along the way. We're being fed misinformation. So we think we're making an informed decision when we vote, based on what we've been fed by the media. Yeah. And somebody can control us. Right. And so Facebook gives Cambridge Analytica, Facebook and others, I'm sure to a moral certainty, it wasn't just Facebook. Oh no. It was that whole corporate world you described. Correct, correct. Cambridge Analytica in a space that, you know, the photographs in the movie about how big the space wasn't that big. Yeah. 2000 feet or wasn't that big. They got all this data and they got these young people, creative people working out algorithms. And the idea is they're going to change your mind. Yes.  So, for example, I don't know if I have this right, but if you were on the left side of the political equation, they wanted to make you hate the right side. Easy enough, stir up the divisiveness, which we have plenty of in this country today. And it's not only the acts by the president, it's all that information that's thrown at us. And if you're on the right side, you know, well, they'll help you hate the left side, divisiveness. This is not good for democracy, because then you don't talk to each other and you don't make compromises and all that. And then it's the middle, and that's the most interesting part of all. Those are the algorithms. They're trying to influence you one way or the other. And these days, what's happened is they've influenced us to the right. And so the moderate middle becomes less moderate and more upright. I mean, conservative. Yeah, they're more conservative and ultra right. And so this is very troubling because, A, it happened, we know now that it happened.  B, it's happening now. And C, it's going to happen in this coming election. So critical to the future of the country. What do we do? What do we do? There's a couple of things you can try to keep your own data safe. That would skew the information that they send you. I would be aware of anything that they say based on your preferences, based on your past activity, there's the information we think you would like. Because that's them telling you what you should do, what you should read. You should decide for yourself what you should read, not based on their algorithm. If you're not going to think on your own, there's an algorithm that'll think for you. And that's what they're hoping will happen is, we're so lazy, we like being spoon fed. Our algorithm will tell you what you what you should be reading. And that way you're making the decision that they want you to make based on the information they give you. But that's not the way we should be making our decision. So how what am I, what am I looking for? I mean, what are the badges of email, for example, a social media, which is trying to change my mind in an inappropriate way. What distinguishes it from other things? So much, hundreds of emails every day. There's tons of emails every day. I would not open up any emails that I didn't know who the sender was. And even so, you can spoof the sender. So are you expecting an email on this or that? Yes or no, right? You're not expecting the email, then it would be suspicious to open that email. That may also put malware on your machine, which then of course, increases the chance of you getting misinformation. Yeah, right. The malware, they can sort of bounce it off your own machine that way. Exactly. And they can also use your machine to send it along to others, send it to others. So you become part of the network, their network, right? Well, okay, you know, if you get an email, there was some of this in the movie, if you get an email that's bashing Hillary Clinton, it's saying things about her that you haven't heard before, right? Then you really got to question that, even if it seems to come from a valid source. How do you trust that? Right?  In the past, the candidates would, you know, mud, they would just basically say bad things about their opponent, whether it was true or not. Now it's all digital. We get it in the form of email, we get it on our websites.  It's even on TV. Sure. They're just trying to get you to distrust the candidate that you would prefer and trust our candidate, the candidate we want. Right. Now, you know, there's a history of this sort of thing in American politics. Even in Hawaii, there was a thing called a headpiece. And the headpiece just, you know, it's really exaggerated, and it just spends all its time hitting on the adversary, you know, the opponent. And I think, you know, in Hawaii, most people don't like it. Right. They see it for what it is. They know that it's not, that it's not kosher. It's not no opponent. Right. And so you can see that one coming. I suggest to you, Steve, going forward, these kids, you know, the graduates of Cambridge Analytica, wherever they may be in the world could be anywhere. They're more sophisticated. They're more nuanced. They know we are looking, waiting, watching for them. So they're not, they're not going to be obvious. It's going to be very subtle. Very subtle. And you're not going to be able to know what's fake news and what's real news. Exactly. Exactly. So I want to make you Congress for a minute. Okay. If Congress, you know, became functional somehow, and became rational and being concerned about the welfare of the country, became concerned about the protection about democracy, which is in great jeopardy, in my opinion. And many people feel that way. What could what should Congress do?  Yeah, he's not going to do it. He's going to only suggest we should do it. Oh, yeah. What should Congress do now? What should Congress do now? I would definitely encourage them to take a good look at GDPR, general data regulation that the EU has, and implement something like that in the US. So we could actually take control of our own data, and say, you know what, I don't want Google to know all this stuff. Google, you know, have have a way to verify it's me requesting that my information be deleted. And then you got to get rid of it. And there's a hefty fine if you don't. They got to act. It's funny that that now we have, you know, another issue which has been emphasized only in the past week about hate groups in the country, hate groups that live on the internet, that have special sites, special social media arrangements to stir them up and make them hate more. This has got to be part of that same legislation. Don't you think? How do we deal with them now? It's not only divisive, it's hate. It's the extreme of divisive. Right. And then they say, well, gun control has to be in place. Well, you don't worry too much about the hate groups going on, but they're becoming extreme in their violence to offline. And that's where the guns come in. So what's the root cause? What is the root cause of all of this going on? Part of it, I think is the internet is not regulated. Anybody can say anything they want on the internet. We have to be very careful about what we consume. Well, yeah, that's a very interesting statement from a guy like you. And it would be from me too. Because I have always believed in the internet as freedom, right, is global freedom of speech and expression. And yet, it has taken a turn. It has become negative, it'd be weaponized. And where before I would have said, no, it's got to be free as a free as a bird. Right. I don't say that anymore. I think there must be control, because it's a balancing of considerations. Right. One of the considerations is hate. Another is inappropriate influence on voters. So we have to control the internet. That's what you're saying. Yeah, I would. I'm not sure I would want to control the internet. I would like to regulate a little bit. Like Electricity, it's it's becoming a public utility. Yes. When I somebody said that, this was Warren said that. I'm sure I think the internet is great source of information, but you need to validate that information is correct, which means you have to do the work to go to the source of where the internet is telling you what it was.   That's what I want to happen is I want to be able to go on the internet and get to the original source, no matter what. I can verify that the information is correct. But doesn't it require non profits and sort of NGOs, cause organizations in the country who combat those corporations you talked about and government and, you know, hate groups that are weaponizing the internet. It needs a countervailing force in the conversation. Does that force exist now? Or do we want to encourage that force to grow organically? I think we need to encourage that for us to grow organically. Who is it going to be done by? I don't know somebody with very deep pockets, though, is going to take a lot of money to combat what's going on. That would be, you know, a great result if you had a cohesive organized force. On the other hand, I would say that part of the negative contributors to the internet is the power to divide the opposition. So if there was, you know, a major effort to develop sort of self regulating of public regulation, if you will, of the internet, there would be an attack on them. There would be attempts on those who believe in dealing with your opponents by dividing your opponents, I mean, such as Russia does, not only in this country, but wherever it goes. So that group would have to be very determined. You think it should come from academia? Speaking as an academic, no. Speaking as somebody who's been in industry for 15 years before joining academia, you could possibly do that. Academics are kind of like Mueller, you should do something, but they will study the problem. But coming up with a solution is kind of tough in academia. It is a good place to start because that's where the young people are. And we have their ideas. And they're the future of the country. So I would like to get their input on it. And they're actually quite smart. And they know, they know about this. They know all about it. They know more about it than a lot of older people. Yeah, me, for example. While they're on the internet, you're also, you know, suggesting that the government is not the right one to do this. That regulation by the government is, I mean, we saw the questions that those congressional committees were asking Zuckerberg, you know, you know, showing that they knew very little about Right, they're not asking the correct questions. We can't trust the government. We don't want the government to regulate it. No, we won't. In a true democracy, I believe the government would not regulate it. They can encourage, they can set up fines if they don't do if they break the law. But currently, there's not very many laws in place or regulations in place.  I started out today, by asking you whether it was safe. And you said it wasn't safe. No, I think we totally agree on that. But now I want to ask you the closing question. All the things we talked about all the things that we touched on. Are you optimistic? Are you pessimistic? Is this going to work? Or are we going to be in an existential crisis? Frankly, I think we're going to be in a crisis. We're not moving fast enough to combat what's going on. People are still sharing too much on the internet. You should only share what you believe will be okay to make public.  But people will do that on email. Email is not any safer than the postal mail. So I think we're going to be hit with an existential crisis before we get this thing figured out and get it resolved. Unfortunately, over the days of the Northwoods, we're all in it and we have to live with it and we better intend to it. Right. Thank you, Steve, Steve Larson. Great to talk to you again. Really enjoy that. Thank you so much.


Hello, everybody. My name is Saskia Hilteman. I work at the Erasmus Medical Center in the Netherlands, and today I will talk a little bit about storage management, and in particular data libraries. Data libraries provide a convenient way to share data sets with your users. This is great for commonly used data sets, such as reference data or data needed to follow GTN tutorials. Users can access this data via the top menu bar under share data and then proceed to data libraries where they can browse the different data libraries available to them and import data sets directly into their history to start using them. Another nice way that users can access the data and data libraries is directly from within the tool form. So instead of first importing to their history, they can open a tool, browse data sets directly, and choose one of the data library data sets to use as input for their tool. One of the main advantages of data libraries is that it avoids duplication of data. So there's only ever one copy of the file on disk, no matter how many users import this file into their history to use it. It is also nice for the users because it doesn't count towards their quota, so they can use large data sets without it eating up their quota. Libraries can either be publicly available, so shared with all users or be specific only to certain users or groups. So permissions can be managed on the library or the data set level by using roles and groups. Only admins can create libraries, but then they can delegate the permit permission management to ordinary users. So they can add data sets to this themselves. There are multiple ways of getting data into a data library. The first one is from history. You can just upload data to your history and then import it into a data library. This is very simple, especially for if you have small data sets. Another way is from a directory on the server that belongs to the user. Admins can import from any directory, and if your data is available somewhere by URL, you can import directly from the URL as well. There are a couple of configuration settings that you will have to set in the galaxy.yaml file for this. There's the user library import der variable, which specifies directory of files where users can upload data from. So this directory should contain subdirectories which are named with the user's email address. So very similar to the way the FTP upload directory is structured. And you can also have these points at the same location so that users can upload data by FTP. And then if they have been granted permission to manage data library, they can import this data from their FTP directory into a data library. There is the allowPathPaste option, which will allow admin users to import data from anywhere on the server that the user that is running the galaxies process has access to into a data library. This is the main overview, and now I will just give a demo of how this looks in action. I will quickly demo how this looks for the users. So the users, if they have their Galaxy server and they go up to share data and data libraries, they can browse different data libraries that have been made available here and click on one of those to see its contents and then select any files they want to import. They can select the ones they are interested in like this and export directly to their history. And then they have a choice of whether to import it as individual datasets or together as a collection. They can send it either to their current history that's default or create a new history. And then they just hit import. Now you see that these files have appeared in my history and now I can start using them. The other way that users can really access this nicely is directly from the tool form. So let's say we want to do some text reformatting. We have the file not yet in our history, but here this button that says browse datasets. There we can, it shows us the files in our history, but also the top here data libraries. So again we can browse around here and say and choose which file to use as input for this tool. And you see that this file is now selected as a tool input even though it's not uploaded to my history first, and then we can run the tool. So that is very nice for the users. And next I will show you how this looks for you as an administrator. So now I am logged in as an administrator. And if I go to this shared data and data libraries menu now you see that here. I see a list of all the different data libraries that exist on this server. But now we also have here some extra buttons. We can edit the description and the name of this data library. We can manage permissions. So here you can see that we can define which users and roles have permissions to to manage the permissions to add items to this library or to modify the library. So here we can select users which we allow to manage this data library for us. And if we go to one of the data libraries, you see here there are options of adding more data sets to it. So at the top here you have this plus data sets button. So you can either select files from history, or since it's enabled here for admins, we can specify a path on the server which to import. And if you specify a directory, it will keep all the directory structure within that directory. And this is a very nice resource for sharing large data sets with your users or data sets are used by a lot of your users. So in the hands on portion of this tutorial, we will show you exactly how to configure this. The setup so stick around for that. Thanks back everybody. In this hands on tutorial, we will show you how to set up data libraries on your galaxy instance and show you how you can add some data. So we're first going to start with adding a pre task to our playbook to clone an example repository with some example data sets. So we will edit galaxy YAML file and tell it to download this example repo from GitHub. So here we have just configured some directories with some data in it. So you can copy these lines. And we will add those to our galaxy.yaml file. We will add it after the existing pre task. And the second change we'll make is in a group far is galaxy servers.yaml file. We will configure the directories to use for this. So the library import directory for the admin users and the user library import directory for the regular users. So add these two lines to group far is galaxy servers, just under the galaxy config and galaxy. And now we just run the playbook. Okay, and now that it's done, we can look at our new directory that we created the slash libraries. And here we see that this data is now present. Great. So now that we've got things set up, we will show you how to add data to your libraries. We'll show three different ways. The first one is uploading data that is in your history. The second one is uploading data from the user directory we just configured. And third from the import directory, which is only available to admin users. So if you switch to your galaxy, you can access the data libraries from the top menu share data data libraries. And here would be our list of data libraries. We don't have any yet. So we'll create one now with this plus icon. Just give it a name, example library. You can give it a description to for your users and save that. So it's created a new library for us. We can click on it to add data to it. So if we want to organize things into folders first, we can create those folders by the menu here. One with the name of history files. Save. And this directory will upload some data sets from our history. So to add data sets, you click the plus data sets button. And here you see the three options from your history from a user directory or the import directory. So let's start with showing the history. If you click there, you see that it'll show you all the different files in your current history and you can also switch to between different histories here. And here you can just select whichever tools you would like to import here. And when you're done, you say add. And you see that these files are now in the data library. So in here at the top you can browse up and down different folders. So we go back up one level we see here. This is the folder we just made. So let's make another one and repeat this process, except uploading data sets from the user folder. So user, user chair. Save, click on that. And let's add some data sets this time not from the history, but from the user directory. So here you will see all the options. So if you remember when we looked at the library folder on our server, we had here this example file. So here we can select the files we want and tell them, add some metadata if we want about the reference genome, for example, or the file type, just like the regular upload button. And we hit import. This is all pretty easy. And we can repeat the same thing for the admin import location. So let's say we want to add a dataset here from the import directory. It looks the same as from the user directory except here you see it's only then the files that are accessible to the admin folder. So the admin wild type here. And import. And those are the three main ways to get data into your data library, which users can now use. And in the next session, we will show you how you can script this, how you can automate this. If the files are available on the web somewhere by URL, you can also automate this process. Okay, so next we will show you how to automatically populate data libraries from datasets available on the web. So for this, you create a little YAML file that describes datasets you want to import. So we have included a example YAML file here in example repo we cloned before. So let's look at the content of that one. So if you look in that file we see that it has some metadata we can give the library a name and a description like we did before manually. And then we list the items that we want to include. So here we can say the URL of where the file is located online. We can give it the file format and then the other information we might want to associate with it. And we can create directories in the same way and populate those with the several files. So here you see we define three files into directories. So to be able to use this you will need your Galaxy API key, your admin API key. If you don't already know this, you can read here how to get one. I'll show you if you go to your Galaxy instance under user preferences. You see here a lot of user settings including one manage API key. And it'll give you the API key and if it's not set yet you can click this button to create a new key. You can copy this value because you will need it to create the data library in the next part. Okay, let's do it. So this is going to use the ephemera tool. If you've already done the tutorial before you can reactivate that virtual environment. If you haven't done that yet or the virtual environment is missing, this will show you how you can create it again. So you can reactivate that. And then next comes our command to install or to populate the data libraries. So this is an ephemera command, set up data libraries. You provided the link to your Galaxy instance, your API key and the YAML file. We give it some extra, a couple extra parameters. So training sets some defaults that is mostly only useful for GTN materials relating to how to make descriptions and things like that. The legacy flag allows newer galaxies to still use the older API. In this case, it's a little bit nicer to use the legacy API to replace libraries in place. So if we update the YAML file and run the playbook again, it will not create a second data library with the same name, but it will change the existing one in place, which is kind of nice. So let's do this command and see what happens. So remember to get your API key and to get the location of your Galaxy server. So for me that looks like this, set up data libraries, dash G, the link to my VM, dash K my key, and the link to the example library YAML file. Miss type dash K should be dash A for API key. So here we go. You see it's making this library name my sequencing project, and I'll import the URLs next. Okay. And this command is also safe to rerun. So if we do this again, it'll just detect that this library already exists, and it won't do anything. So we would like to add say a single file to this library can update the YAML file at that file run the playbook again, and it'll only add it'll detect the new file and add that. So let's see in our Galaxy, if we can see this now. So let's go to share data, data libraries. And we see that in addition to the one we created manually earlier, we now have this most sequencing project which we defined in the YAML file. So here's the one file and the directory with the two other files in it that we described in our YAML file. So this is a really nice way to automate the population of shared data libraries. So this automated population of the data libraries is very useful. It is used by Galaxy Europe, for instance. They support all the tutorials on the GTN. So they want to make all the data needed for those tutorials available as shared data libraries. This means that users don't have to update the or upload this data set every time. This will avoid a lot of data duplication and also is very useful for users that maybe have a slow internet connection. So they created a shared data repository that defines the data, this YAML file for all the GTN data so that this can be easily updated when the GTN also updates. And this has also been expanding to other useGalaxy.star servers. So you will see the same libraries across multiple servers. And if you would like to also, on your instance, support this GTN trainings and offer the data sets on your server, you can join this initiative. You just have to provide them with a non-admin API key and the data library to upload data into and then they can sync it automatically for you. I hope this has shown that data libraries are a great way to share data with your users as an admin or to allow users to share data with each other and will avoid a lot of data duplication and make it easier on the users as well. Thanks for joining and don't forget to fill in the feedback form if you have any comments about this tutorial.


things. I have something that I'm thankful for and there's a bittersweet quality to it. It's a friendship that I developed with Pat Quinn, a tremendous Yankee fan who helped inspire the ice bucket challenge. Pat found out he had ALS when he was 30 years old and he made it his mission to spread awareness about ALS. He did not lament the fact that he got it, which was amazing to me, the courage that he showed, the bravery and guys how tough he was. He was a tough New Yorker who told ALS, I am going to fight you. I am going to live my life while I have this condition. Well, Pat passed away on Sunday. I am very thankful that I had this friendship with him. That last picture that you saw right there, we did a feature story on Pat. The Yes Network won an Emmy for it, but I always tell people we didn't win the Emmy. Pat Quinn won that Emmy, so we presented him with an Emmy at Yankee Stadium. The next day he sent me a text and he said, my man, thank you, thank you, thank you. And I just want to say back to Pat, thank you, thank you, thank you, times a million. We will never forget you. Your legacy is everlasting. Pat inspired so many and in a statement put out on Monday morning, the Yankee said they were continually inspired by how Pat never allowed his warmth, humor or spirit to be diminished and that the ice bucket challenge is a reminder of what can be accomplished in the face of unthinkable adversity. The way Pat courageously lived will forever be an inspiration to all of us and the funding he helped raise dramatically accelerated the fight against ALS. We want to extend our deepest sympathies to the Quinn family and all of his supporters. Pat, as Jack said, is never going to be forgotten.


The Consultative Committee is a committee consisting out of private sector players, yes, but also of designated operators. So it's a mixed group, which is quite good. On the one hand, on the other hand, we have the challenge that we only have the possibility to be observers. Which also means that it is up to the committees we would like to engage with to decide if our members are actually allowed to participate. This is a very tricky situation because those issues, which are rather pressing for the wider sector, are in most cases closed to our members. And this is leading to a challenge to transform the Consultative Committee to something more viable and also to more inclusive engagement in the UPU. Only if we can achieve that, then we can bring much more value to the UPU, but mostly also more value to our members.