The name of the case is by only to start by reminding colleagues of the Covid-related measures in that face coverings should be worn while moving around the chamber and the wider Holy dude campus. The next item of business is portfolio questions. On this occasion, the portfolio is constitution, external affairs and cultural. As ever, if a member wishes to ask a supplementary, I have to invite them to press the request-to-speak buttons or place an arm in the chat function during the relevant question and I call question number one by the powers of the military. Rydw i'n digwydd i ddweud rhywuniadot yn gyfweld o'r diwetheuimd hefyd i'w gweithio'r hunain gwleidio wahanol iawn o'r cyff Scotland o'r draffaeth yw'r wyf yw y fyddwyr iawn. Ar y climat y Ddiwethaf sydd yn cyd-engwyllt y Gwylch-Wheithio Gwylch-Wheithio, yn y cyfweld y fawr am gyllidau yma, yn cyfrifio'r gwasanaeth efallai i ddweud o'r gwlad ar gwellfodol, am dweud yn gyffredigadio'r cyffredigadau i gydweithio'r parlydduodd y byddwyr ar gyfer hynny. The floods in Malawi following Storm Ana highlight the damaging impacts of extreme weather events on climate vulnerable communities and we've been communicating with the Government of Malawi on the floods and we're currently exploring the most appropriate means of support for those affected. F prices chattering. I want to say congratulations to Neil for his new post. We are missing him from the Social Justice and Social Security Committee. I hope you'll do your job as well as you've been doing with us in the committee. The UN World Food Program has estimated nearly 13 million people in the Horn of Africa are facing severe hunger with draft conditions, having affected pastoral and farmer population across southern and southern eastern Ethiopia, south-eastern and northern Kenya and south-central Somalia and many now becoming climate refugees. Can I ask the Scottish Government what new engagement has the Government had with the UK Government about sharing information and technology for farming and adaptions not just to the Horn of Africa but to our partner countries such as Zambia and Malawi, which have also suffered to the effects of climate change? I thank Foisal Chowdhry for his kind words at the start. Flattery will get him everywhere and it's greatly appreciated. We have a commitment with our partner countries but our commitment to international development and our climate justice work doesn't just stop there and we're keen to do whatever we can within the powers that we have to be able to support those initiatives worldwide. Obviously, if we can support that through the work that the UK Government is doing then we will do. A couple of supplementary first, Kenneth Gibson. I welcome the minister to his post. I'm delighted that the United Nations Children's Organization Unicef is to receive 1.5 million from the Scottish Government as announced today to support equitable access to Covid-19 vaccines and therapeutics from Rwanda, Zambia and Malawi. Does the minister agree that Scotland could do so much more if powers over international land development were with this Parliament ran with a UK Government which has broken its own manifesto commitment to invest 0.7 per cent of national income in helping the world's poorest nations? Yes, and I thank Mr Gibson for that question. The Scottish Government believes that the cutting of ODA spending from 0.7 per cent to 0.5 per cent of GNI was a deplorable decision. That has hit the world's poorest and most marginal communities at a time of huge need, as we've already heard. We will continue to urge the UK Government to reinstate spending of 0.7 per cent of GNI as soon as possible. In contrast to the UK Government, we have committed to not only maintain but, in fact, to increase our international development budget by 50 per cent to £15 million of the course of this Parliament, as well as to treble our support to climate justice. That statement of intent highlights how much more we could do with the powers of independence. Maurice Golden. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. On behalf of those benches, I welcome the minister to his post. Improving waste management in developing countries not only helps tackle climate change, but also helps to improve sanitation and lower health harming pollution levels. Historically, waste management has attracted very little support with UN figures show that it has just not 0.32 per cent of global funds. Does the minister agree with me that there is an opportunity for Scotland to take a lead by targeting our support in a space that is often ignored? Yes, I do. I thank Maurice Golden for that question, and I'd be happy to engage with him further on that issue and any ideas he has for how we can support that further. Question 2, Jim Fairlie. I'd like to ask the Scottish Government what engagement it has had with the UK Government regarding the potential impact on Scotland of the proposed Brexit freedoms bill. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. We've had no meaningful engagement with the UK Government on the Brexit freedoms bill. I spoke with the UK Attorney General just two days prior to the UK Government announcement. The meeting gave a clear impression of being for no other purpose than to allow the UK Government to say that discussions had taken place with the devolved Governments when, in fact, what was on offer was a vague verbal briefing with nothing in writing and no advanced briefing of any sort. This was totally inadequate, given the sweeping changes that are proposed in law, including law in devolved areas. The approach taken by the UK Government is all the more galling for its proximity to the publication of the Intergovernmental Relations Review. It runs completely counter to the principles set out clearly in the review of mutual respect for the responsibilities of the Governments and for building and maintaining trust based on effective communication. Jim Fairlie. I'd like to thank the cabinet secretary for that answer and I have to say I share his concerns. Does he share my concern that this bill is in fact just another method, if anyone needed, to undermine the legitimacy of this Parliament's role in carrying out what was democratically elected to do? Areas specifically around the agricultural and subsidy control element of the bill have the potential to make it much harder for this Parliament to deliver the policies that work best for Scotland's farmers. I do share his concern that the bill risks undercutting this Parliament's powers, this Parliament's responsibilities, although the precise provisions of the Brexit Freedom Bill have not yet been published. Based on UK Government recent behaviour, I remain concerned that Scotland's world-leading animal welfare and environmental standards will be undermined. For example, we know that UK Government was willing in a recent free trade agreement with Australia to grant Australian agrifood exporter significant market access to the Scottish agriculture market whilst producing a lower animal welfare and environmental standards, therefore undercutting our own domestic producers. Turning to the question of subsidy control, an effective subsidy control regime should promote a fair business landscape while facilitating targeted and effective support. The regime proposed in the subsidy control bill is asymmetrical, giving sweeping powers to the UK sector of state with no equivalent powers for devolved administrations. It may also disproportionately restrict agricultural subsidies which it may wish to offer in Scotland in future. Can I follow up that issue with the cabinet secretary given the potential impact of this bill on the Scottish Parliament's competences? Can the cabinet secretary provide an update on whether he's been able to have a conversation with the UK Government on this particular issue given that we now have these new intergovernmental relations theoretically in place? Has he asked for a meeting and it would be certainly very useful for us to get some feedback on progress so that we can have transparency and be able to look at this bill as it comes forward? Not only has our unhappiness been conveyed to the UK Government, but significantly the level of agreement that exists between this SNP-led Government in the Scottish Parliament, the Welsh-led Government in Wales and in Northern Ireland, both DUP and Sinn Fein ministers are all in agreement on this. We sat incredulous in a meeting with the UK Attorney General acting at complete variance to the assurances, the agreement that had been announced only weeks earlier. I have pointed out that it's fine and well to have agreements in principle about how intergovernmental relations should work. However, if the mindset doesn't change, it's not going to improve relations. Yes, we've communicated it to the UK Government and yes, we're working very well and very closely with colleagues in Wales and Northern Ireland of all political persuasions to make sure that the UK Government hears loud and clear that its approach is totally and utterly unacceptable and has to change. I'm conscious that we've got a bit of time over the course of the afternoon, but I would appreciate slightly tighter questions and slightly more succinct answers from the ministerial team. Question number three, Mark Griffin, who joins us remotely. Thank you, Presiding Officer, to ask the Scottish Government what discussions it has had regarding how its international development programme can support the sharing of vaccines helped to tackle the reported vaccine apartheid in the global south. Minister. Thank you, Presiding Officer. On 8 December, the First Minister wrote to the Prime Minister to urge the UK Government to join over 100 countries who are now supportive of a temporary trade-related aspects of intellectual property rights waiver for Covid-19 vaccines. By waving patent protection for Covid-19 vaccines countries, we'll be able to make use of all the tools available to increase vaccine access. As we have just announced today, the Scottish Government have provided international development funding to support vaccine preparedness and delivery in Malawi, Zambia and Rwanda. That includes a £2 million contribution in December 2020 and a further £1.5 million this financial year. Thank you, Mark Griffin. Thank you, minister. For that answer, you'll be aware that the proportion of people fully vaccinated in Rwanda is 54 per cent. However, in Zambia, it is 9 per cent in Malawi and it's just 4 per cent. Those are the Scottish Government countries that the minister mentions who should and I think will look forward to receiving that additional support. Can the minister, if he engages with the authorities there such a slow roll-out specifically on how many vaccines have been shared with those countries? Minister. Yes, we're in constant discussion with our partner countries on these issues which is why it's been identified that this support would be welcome and we continue that support but again I reiterate and this is an early priority for me that we make sure that we enhance the vaccine equity support going on worldwide in regard to the UK Government joining up with a waiver on vaccine intellectual property. Brief supplementary from Sharon Dowey. Thank you, Presiding Officer and can I also welcome Neil Gray into his new position. The announcement of funding to Malawi, Zambia and Rwanda is welcome but could I ask if the Scottish Government could give us an update on other aid that's been promised. In October the Scottish Government placed £120,500 from its humanitarian aid fund that would go to help South Sudan's unity state which suffered flooding across 90 per cent of its territory. Could the minister update us on how much of the funding has been spent in South Sudan and how it's been sent given recent press articles saying that the challenge has been solved? Minister. I'll be happy to update our writing on the work that's been done via the humanitarian aid fund. Thank you, Presiding Officer. To ask the Scottish Government what discussions it has had with national records of Scotland and other organisations on the challenges facing people affected by historic force adoption when seeking to access records. Cabinet Secretary. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. The Scottish Government and its officials have had discussions with a number of organisations involved in adoption records. These include the national records of Scotland as part of our initial engagement activities and practices. The Scottish Government is determined to improve the experience of those affected by adoption and access to records is one of the number of areas that we are exploring. We're seeking a broad range of views and want to learn more about the impacts as we progress with our engagement. The information that we receive will help inform how we support those affected by those practices. Monica Lennon. I thank the Cabinet Secretary for his post. As the minister and the cabinet secretary know, it's estimated that around 60,000 mothers in Scotland had their babies taken from them due to historic force adoption practices. For many years, the campaigners have been fighting for justice, including a long overdue formal apology, specialist mental health support and, of course, better access to records. I'm glad that the cabinet secretary is aware that there are real difficulties for mothers, fathers and adoptees to access information and records. Will the minister meet me and some campaigners who want to bring some additional information to his attention and other MSPs who have an interest and commit to doing all that he can to urgently improve access to records and information? I'm delighted to meet Monica Lennon and campaigners on the issue and I'm sure between her office and mine we can find as suitable data as soon as possible. The Scottish Government has already opened discussions with organisations including birth links, the national records of Scotland and a number of adoption agencies through the social work Scotland fostering and adoption subgroup. We'll continue to meet them as we seek to expand on our understanding of this very complex and multifaceted issue and meeting with the campaigners that Monica Lennon has raised. I think that we'll be a good addition to that process. This is a longstanding issue. It is a complicated issue. I hope that there is agreement that we want to do that as quickly as possible and I'm happy to be advised by colleagues of all political parties about how best we can do that. Supplementary Miles Briggs Thank you Deputy Presiding Officer and can I associate myself with what Monica Lennon has already said but I think it's also important for campaigners that we look at the progress of this work being progressed by the Scottish Government as well and I hope that's something ministers take on board but can I specifically ask with regards to a national record of forced adoption experiences. Is that something ministers are already looking at and when will we likely see announcements on that work which campaigners really want to see progressed as soon as possible? Cabinet Secretary I commend a colleague from Conservative Benchers raising the issue of progress because it has waited a long time for people to see the progress that they would want to see. I hope he understands that the complexities of the issue are such that it is simply not possible to say that there is effects to the situation as we find ourselves in. We are moving as quickly as we possibly can. We are trying to find the remedies across the piece. There are all kinds of complications involved with the process but I agree with him, it cannot go on endlessly without finding resolution for people. I'm happy to work with him and colleagues across the chamber so that they are fully apprised of what stage we're at and I'm happy to update him and continue to do that as we make progress in this important area. To ask the Scottish Government what legal advice it has received on introducing the proposed referendum bill on Scottish independence. Cabinet Secretary The Scottish Government does not comment on the content or source of legal advice other than in exceptional circumstances Government legal advice is not released and remains confidential. That reflects the public interest and the provision of free and frank legal advice maintaining the right to confidentiality of communications between legal advisers and clients. The law officers advise the Government about any bill that ministers introduce. That is recognised in the Scottish Ministerial Code in paragraphs 2.41 and 3.4. Once again we hear of vast sums of taxpayers' money being wasted on planning for another divisive independence referendum and the fact that no section 30 agreement is in place with the United Kingdom Government. This devolved Government can't even share with us if they have been told that this non-section 30 independence referendum is legal or not. This Parliament is once again being left in the dark about what advice this devolved Government has had or how much they're spending on it. The Government spends more on hiring civil servants to plan a referendum than they spend on raising attainment for pupils in Aberdeen. Will the cabinet secretary get his priorities right and start focusing on the day job? Forgive me, Deputy Presiding Officer, but I'm not going to take lectures by a political party that lost the election on this very issue. Something that the member should know something about having stood on a manifesto commitment opposing a referendum in 2019 and losing to the Scottish National Party which was committed for one to take place and supplemental to that in the very same constituency in last year's election. Who won the election there? Again, it was the Scottish National Party. Excuse me. I'm being heckled from a sedentary position. You shouldn't respond to it, cabinet secretary. Hold on, can you resume your seat? I appreciate that emotions run high on this topic. I would appreciate if those who are asking questions would then allow the ministerial team without sedentary interventions. Cabinet secretary, I would also encourage you to stick to answering the question that's on the order paper. Indeed. I've made the position clear in terms of legal advice, but there's a basic democratic principle in all of this, Deputy Presiding Officer, which is when the public elects a party to govern, they expect them to deliver on the manifesto commitments that they have made. This government was elected with a commitment to hold a referendum about the future of Scotland. Surprisingly, the Conservative Party wants the government not to deliver on its manifesto commitments. It's a very odd set of priorities. I'm a supplementary from Stuart McMillan. Thank you very much, Deputy Presiding Officer. Can the cabinet secretary reiterate to those who do seem determined to overlook the firm democratic will of the Scottish people, the ways in which the Scottish Government has secured a clear and overwhelming mandate to hold an independence referendum and to agree that the Scottish people should expect an open, bold and honest conversation around the opportunities of independence ahead of the referendum. Thank you very much, Deputy Presiding Officer. The agreement between the Scottish Government and the Scottish Green Party confirms and strengthens the clear mandate granted by the people of Scotland for a referendum on Scottish independence. 72 of 129 members of the Scottish Parliament were elected on manifestos that commit them to a referendum of Scottish independence during this Parliament. A section 30 order has already been mentioned in the chamber. I think it behoves the UK Government to respect the democratic wishes of the people in an election who returned a government. Again, Deputy Presiding Officer, we are seeing interventions from a sedentary position which seek to disrespect the results of a democratic election. This Government is committed to delivering what the people voted for and they elected a majority of MSPs to this chamber whether gentlemen and honourable ladies on those benches don't recognise that. On those benches we do we will deliver on the mandate that was delivered by the Scottish people. I again encourage members not to make interventions from a sedentary position but I can also encourage ministers to make sedentary interventions should they be made. To ask the Scottish Government what impact Brexit has had on its policies across Government including how it invests in business. The UK Government's determination to impose a hard Brexit against the democratic wishes of the people of Scotland has caused significant impact across society. One of the hardest hit businesses who are continuing to be faced by trade friction additional checks and increased administration costs. The Scottish Government supports and invests in businesses in a vast range of ways Brexit is making it harder for those policies to achieve their objectives and deliver positive outcomes for Scotland because of the permanent damage it is inflicting on our economic relationship with the European Union. Alex Rowley. Cabinet Secretary, is there any legal or constitutional reason that would explain the failure of the Scottish Government to set up the proposed and promised national energy company and why couldn't they have made much more use of the powers they currently have to ensure that Scotland benefited from the onshore manufacture and services needed to supply the offshore wind farms? Is there any legal or constitutional reason that would explain why the Scottish Government did not seek legal guarantees that this work would come to Scotland? Cabinet Secretary. I'm sure you would chide me for not sticking with the question that was posed. Alex Rowley raises an important question but it's not related to the initial question that he asked. On legal and constitutional relations with the European Union I think that members on all sides hope that we have an opportunity in this country in the next years to make a decision about whether we rejoin the European Union, become part of the biggest single market in the world. I hope that Alex Rowley and colleagues will join us in agreeing that the people should be able to decide on that question even though we may disagree on the vote that might take place on that referendum. I hope that we are agreed as Democrats on the constitutional legal position that having elected a Parliament that the people should have a vote the people should have that vote. Question 7. Can I ask the Scottish Government how it is building on Scotland's relations with the EU post Brexit? Cabinet Secretary. Scotland remains an inclusive European nation. We share with the European Union a vision for Europe that embodies democratic values, rises to the challenge of the global climate emergency and supports sustainable economic recovery from the global pandemic. The Scottish Government continues to take a proactive role in engaging with EU institutions and member states, particularly through our Brussels office and external European network. We recognise the importance of learning from others and sharing experiences across Europe. Later this spring we will open a new Scottish Government office in Copenhagen to further strengthen our EU ties and increase Scotland's economic and cultural connections with the Nordic region. Some of my constituents, particularly students, have been in touch as they are acutely starting to feel the effects of the UK's hard approach to EU relations post Brexit, including through the loss of the Erasmus student exchange programme. Can the Cabinet Secretary provide any update on the Scottish Government's efforts to set up an alternative that will benefit students in Scotland and across Europe? Cabinet Secretary. It's disappointing that the UK Government's decision not to associate to Erasmus Plus currently prevents Scotland from participating fully in its own right. While we remain committed to Erasmus Plus in the interim, we are creating a Scottish education exchange programme to support participants from across Scotland's education system. This is a programme for government commitment and will help to maintain Scotland's place as an outward-looking internationally connected destination for work and for study. Question 8 from Joe Fitzpatrick, who joins us remotely. To ask the Scottish Government what its response is to reported calls for the head of the civil service to investigate and rule on the deployment of Scottish Government civil servants to develop policy on independence. Cabinet Secretary. It's quite clearly the duty of the civil service to support the elected government of the day to develop and implement its policies, including those relating to the Constitution. As a widely accepted, including by previous heads of the UK civil service, members will also have seen a former member of this chamber, Professor Adam Tomkins, tweeting to accept that this is a proper role for the civil service. Joe Fitzpatrick. I thank the cabinet secretary for that response. Would he agree with me that this political stunt is an embarrassing and hypocritical attempt to thwart Scottish democracy on the part of a political party whose leader just a couple of weeks ago accused the Prime Minister of treating Scotland with utter disdain? Cabinet secretary. I agree with my colleague the member for Dundee West, as is the case across the Government's programme. The civil service will support Scottish ministers in delivering commitments in the programme for government. We should not forget that in 2011 the then head of the UK civil service, Sir Gus O'Donnell said and I quote him, it is right and proper that civil servants working to their respective administrations undertake the relevant work to support their ministers to pursue their aims, whether or not those aims are subject of political controversy when writing to party leaders on this very topic. You brief supplementary from Donald Cameron. Thank you. A recent FOI revealed that the Scottish Government has 11 civil servants working on the independence prospectus at a reported cost of £700,000 a year. How many civil servant staff are working on the independence referendum bill and will he confirm how much this is costing taxpayers? Cabinet secretary. Forgive me, I did not get any advance notice of the detailed question that Donald Cameron just asked. I am happy to write back from him. I hope that he does not disagree with the accepted notion across political parties that Governments are there to deliver what they have been elected to do. That is what we intend to do on the independence referendum. That concludes portfolio questions. It is time to move on to the next item of business and there will be a brief pause while front benches change.


There's been a lot of different shaped axes from tiny hatchets, which can be used for shingling or splitting shingles to broad axes, which would be on the other end of the scale, which would be used for hewing wood and flattening sides of wood. A single bit or a pole axe just has one cutting surface, the other end is flat or blunt and the balance is really different. Traditionally most double bit axes have a longer handle, single bit axes will often have a shorter handle and there's advantages and disadvantages to both. A double bit axe in actuality is probably a little more versatile because it has one edge that's filed for cutting wood and it's filed fairly thin and narrow for chopping. The other edge of it is filed at a chisel edge and that chisel edge is for getting down near the ground and removing roots where you're not going to chip it if you hit the occasional stone. An axe, if it's used properly, is a real safe tool. An axe, if you cut corners, it can be a real dangerous tool. The one thing that we've seen in the past that have been injury related and injuries to ankles or feet has come down to one simple thing. If when you're chopping on a log, if you never let your axe handle break a plane that's parallel with the ground as you're chopping, then you can't cut your feet. And the only time we break that rule is when we're chopping with the log between our body and the axe head. If you've already made the decision to chop the log, the first thing I'd do again is look at the log, figure out what I'm going to do with it. Where's the best place to chop it? If you're limping on a down log, you should try to be limping the log on the opposite side from where you're standing. In other words, keep the log between you and your axe. The second part is when you're limping, a lot of times you'll see that the axe head goes through some of the limbs really easy. So it's pretty easy to get wild in a situation like that. So you should be really clear on where other people are and you should be really clear on where your swing is going. Yeah, there's a lot of times when no matter how hard you try, you have to limb on the same side of the log that you're standing on. And when that happens, just be doubly sure never to let your axe handle or your axe head drop below the level of your hands as you're chopping. The third is when you're swinging is to make sure that you have a clear area within the complete radius or arc of your swing.  So sometimes there might be a little branch that's out of the radius of your swing, but it's going to be catching your eye and it's going to be interfering with your vision the whole time. And if that there, take the time to remove it. It's trying to be as sufficient as possible. So you're going to strike that wood as many times as it takes to completely sever your cutting surface and then move to the other side instead of making one chop on one side, a chop on the other side, a chop on this side, a chop on this side, three times the succession and then breaking it. Oftentimes in a large log, you're not going to be able to remove your first chips by making a wide cut. So you start with a narrower V in your cut and you'll cut down until your V comes to closure or to a point.  As you come down at first, you take a lot of care to develop accuracy. It doesn't matter. The power does not matter at first. Again, I'm flexing up the knees, especially when I'm getting near this part of the cut. So my axe handle stays parallel. So work on your accuracy as you're coming down. And only after you have that balance and that accuracy then power becomes the third part of the equation. Wait until you're good at chopping before you try to put power into it. A lot of times when you're swinging and you pick the axe up and it goes back past your head on either side and you'll catch out of the corner of your eye a little chip of wood that's stuck on the axe blade. You should not try to power through that chip. When you try to power down through it, it can deflect your axe and you can end up with an injury. I also ended up taking my gloves off partway through because it's getting pretty hot out here. And my hands started getting sweaty and what we're looking at is the least chance of having an injury. And with sweaty hands and the chance of the axe slipping out of your gloves or your hands, it's not worth it. So always do whatever you can to minimize the possibility of an injury to yourself or anybody around you. When I finish this first cut, I'll go over and I'll cut a V on the opposite side of the log. And because the wood is already removed from the near side, when I come over to this side, it's about five or six times as quick to chop. So when I start it, just come down and start my chip. My chip will start out like that. Okay, now my V is closing up and where I want my V to close up is right in the very center of the log. It's closing up a little bit sooner. This time I'm going to open it up on the left side. And the reason is because there's a knot that's closer on the right side. So it's going to be easier chopping on this left side of the log. We've had a lot of injuries in the past. You get working with an accident, all of a sudden you get to the point where you're medium proficient. And when that happens, it becomes fun. It's like, man, am I having a good time chopping? And that's when I've seen most of the injuries occur is when people finally start having fun and they start chopping harder and harder. And I've tried to remind myself of that. And so every time I start having a lot of fun and go, wait a minute, slow down. Make sure you're not going to hurt yourself and then proceed more slowly. I've used a lot of sledgehammers in trail work because I worked in rocky country. And we've got hammers ranging from three to 20 pounds with round heads, square heads, and chisel or peen-shaped heads. We use eight, 12, or 20-pound sledgehammers for crushing rock. The main focus on technique that I want to be showing is that I'm bending my knees, bringing the hammer down flat with my arms straight and swaying from the shoulder. For shaping rocks, you can use four, eight, or 12-pound spalling hammers. And they have a peen on one end that you can split the rock with by hitting a line of blows along where you want it to break. And the four-pound ones are really handy for shaping rocks to build water bars or walls with. And we use the three, four, five-pound hammers for chinking rocks into walls, for driving stakes, for driving feathers and wedges to split rocks, and for shaping rock. A lot of times we'll use big, heavy malls for moving or locating timbers, but that's a real different job than when you're moving rock. The biggest sledgehammer I've seen is my old favorite 20-pounder. And we've used that to crush rock and we've used it to bust rocks that stuck up in the trail. Actually saved a lot of time. We would have spent blasting. It takes technique to swing it, but if you've got the right technique, it's not that hard. People use adze hose and grub hose in areas of the country where there's a lot of loose light soil and maybe some root structure in there. The adze hose is sharpened so it'll cut through those roots and you can pull the dirt towards you when you're digging in a trail bench. There are all kinds of shovels. I like the long-handled, wide-bladed shovel for moving dirt. And a lot of trail jobs you need to be able to throw dirt from one place to another. And for that you need a big, wide-bladed shovel with a long handle. The firefighting shovel is a standard in the Forest Service and they're sharp enough that you can cut through sod and drop through roots well with them. When I'm using a shovel, I use my foot to drive the blade into the dirt and then I lever it across my knees or thighs. I can also use a shovel to scrape by levering it against my body. It's a lot easier on your back that way. If you're digging a lot of things up, you're probably going to need a bar as well as a shovel. The tamping bar is usually five or six feet long and round and has a flat paddle blade on one end and a big round flattened tamping end on the other. And they're good for digging post holes and tamping the dirt back in, but they're not good for prying. You can use rock bars to move anything. I always liked the rock bar best of all the tools. It was the great equalizer for me with a five-foot rock bar. I've got one I called My Magic Rock Bar and if nobody was looking I could move anything. And nobody could figure out how I did it, but there are a thousand and one ways to use a rock bar. You can put it under the rock and lift using the ground as a fulcrum. You can put a fulcrum in front of the rock and pry off of that. You can use a rowing motion to skid a rock along the ground or work with two people and row your boat rock across the ground. You can stab it in the ground to bump a rock forward. They're a very useful tool for moving heavy rocks or logs. The bottom end of a good rock bar is square with a chisel tip and that chisel tip is a two-inch fulcrum basically that you can use to lift with and then the upper end of it is usually round. It's best with big rocks to have a team of people. Once you start using rock bars to move a rock you don't want anybody in there with their hands on the rock because a rock bar can slide across that rock and mash fingers. A tenor carry would usually be about three and a half feet long with a swinging hook in the center of it and it's a two-sided hook that goes in and picks up a log. And when you have a lot of people and fairly big logs you can get a lot of people on it and carry it in a pretty safe fashion. A draw knife again is one of those tools that looks like it's pretty simple but people that are really good at peeling with it you'll see they have a very definite technique. The same is with a pilafki.  On an axe like this, this axe, the handle's been in about ten years and it's beginning to warp. There's no cracks in or anything like that but it's still not worth keeping because something's going to happen to this eventually. So we're going to replace the head on this. And if you're taking the time to go through and put a new handle into a tool and do it properly you might as well select a good handle rather than use one that's poor. One thing that we look at right off the bat is is the handle straight and if you hold it up and look at it by letting it dangle you'll see if it's straight and you'll see if it's warped in either way. The second is how is the grain laying in that handle? A lot of handles will have the grain going crosswise and when you're thinking about a cross grain and then you're striking down with that tool like this there's a real good chance of that handle separating sometime later during the use. So for the maximum strength for the wood that's involved we look for grain that runs straight right down through the length of the handle and that grain should be fairly tight with tighter growth rings because the tighter growth rings mean a stronger piece of wood. Other times, and you'll see this more commonly you'll have the sap wood and the other harder wood which is there's a line between it one of the woods white and one is darker. When you have something like that again if you're using it that wood will expand and contract at different rates and through work there's a good chance that even if it's a straight grained handle with these different colored woods you're going to end up with this handle not lasting anywhere near as long as it would with a real nice straight tight grained handle like this first one. When we remove this handle we'll start by sawing it off right along here and once it's sawn it'll be placed in a vise or in a property handling tool and the rest of the handle or the rest of the handle that's inside the head will be pushed out through the top of the head rather than down through the bottom of the head. If an axe head, if the handle is really stuck in an old head you can help by drilling it out from either the top or bottom or both sides. There's a single socket right down through the center of these handles and when you think about laying a head on the handle this head is going to seat right down near the fatter part of the handle so it's going to be down this far so what I'd do before I even began it was I'd take and draw a line across this handle here and I'd cut that off because this much is going to be sticking out I don't want to mess with taking the time to shape that extra piece of wood then we'd take a thin saw, a thin bladed saw and we'd cut and bring this socket down another inch if you look at this handle in profile there's a really big lump right here and then the head comes in here if you take your head and you bring it down as close to that lump as possible you want this lump to blend into this wood and all the stress of chopping is right on this part and that's where these cracks usually develop if you take and you remove some of this wood by rasping it down before you put the handle in you're actually increasing the strength of your overall handle and you're doing two things you're increasing the flex and you're decreasing the chance that this handle will break right at this point I just put my belt sander upside down in the vise and then just start rocking the handle itself on the belt sander and you can take it down real smoothly and efficiently that way and that's turned out to be one of the best things that I've done so it fits tightly and when you put the head on it's only going to slide part way down the handle when you do that you turn the axe handle over the head's part way on it and you pound down with a piece of wood or a rubber hammer and that head will actually slide up the handle as you're pounding down on the wood you'll find that it gets caught you can knock that head back off again with a piece of wood or a hammer you knock the head off and you'll see right on the handle itself where it's digging into the wood or there might be a little bit of mark there and that's where you're going to raft down so the head itself as it slides on will tell you the fat spots where you have to raft off a lot of times it's real easy to raft too far on one side or too far on the other and the head will be setting off from the axis of the handle when the axe head is finally sat down all the way to where you want the head seated square on the handle you've got this hole up on top and we've thrown away our plastic wedge and what we usually use are wooden wedges and we'll drive that wooden wedge as far down into the handle as it goes and then we'll saw off the top of the wedge where it's sticking out and once that's done we'll usually seat it with one or two grady wedges and these are little metal wedges with steps some of the pole axes or single bits that we have will come with a lot heavier handles on them and these single bits often times these are pretty nice handles that they come with they come as blanks it's really rough through here and you'll sand these handles down so they fit your personal hand these handles come varnished and this varnish is not a real advantage in a lot of ways because the handle isn't going to keep it will dry out with the varnish on it if you remove the varnish with sandpaper when you end up with that then you can coat the whole handle with linseed oil and keep the wood really oiled and supple any time we're dealing with work with cutting implements whether they're tools or knives or saws and the better shape they are the more effective they're going to be this is a not atypical Pulaski that we pulled out of the back of a pickup and in addition to sharpness we're also really concerned with the shape of the head if you see how this is rounded and you start thinking about chopping on rounded logs or chopping on rounded limbs thinking of two round objects coming into contact with each other if you look at a squared head or one that's flattened across the cutting surface and if this strikes a rounded object there's going to be a lot less chance of it glancing off and hitting you or ending up in the ground the second part about head shape is if you take a board and you think about a round head coming into contact with this it's only contacting in a very small area of the cutting surface it's contacting at one time when we have so much energy and you're chopping you're not getting a very effective use of your energy for the amount of work that you're putting into it when we look at this head here and we think about it coming into contact with a board there's a lot more efficiency so that's basically what we do with head shape when we start with a lot of tools when they come as blanks and they're not used and we start filing them back to a flattened shape we'll do most of our filing from this point here to this point here and we'll let the edges take care of themselves when we're filing we want to be careful have your gloves on have a file garden handle there when we're filing usually we use a single cut mill bastard file that's either 10 or 12 inches long and the single cut means that there's serrations on the file that are running at an angle to the file but they're only running in one direction this file is used and you only cut on the push stroke you don't pull, you just pick it up and you cut on the push stroke again most of the time that we're filing pilaskies or double-bitted axes we'll drive them into a log or a stump I'll drive the implement that I'm filing at a slight angle so that the top surface that I'm filing is facing slightly towards me so that I don't have to lean over the tool and file directly down into it, I'd rather be able to stay back and file at a slight angle to the tool so I'll end up going down and filing the center of the tool first and then when I have to finish it up I'll finish up by finishing on both ends once this side is finished I'll go around and I'll do the other side and when you end up getting both sides done what you're going to have is a slight wire edge or you can see it by looking in the proper light that wire edge can also be taken off with an axe stone, take the smooth edge we just go real lightly in a circular fashion on that wire edge until it disappears once you have that wire edge there taken it off there's no axes or pilasques that you shouldn't be able to shave with the one way that I can tell very easily is I will take my glove off and I'll take my finger and I'll touch my fingernail to it and if it sinks into the fingernail with no weight it's sharp enough to shave it but I don't bring my finger down bring it so only the fingernail is exposed to that head when we turn over and we go on the chisel edge we do the same thing when we're filing on the chisel edge we end up filing at a much steeper angle and that's to try to keep this cutting edge thicker and this is the part that we use for roots once we're finished with this and it's then we'll usually grease the axe and put it in a sheath if you're proud of the work you're doing you're proud of the tools you're using they're an extension of your hand that's what the first tools were and you take good care of them and you care about the work you do it has to be fun and how we name our tools we name the rocks, we name the logs we name them things you don't want to hear but that makes it fun too and when people are having fun they're more apt to take pride it's just the the good feeling about self-work tools it all really does go together


Ashley Jenkins She's like yeah mine's your real name My name is Kelly Jackson My name is Desi Ann, all the way from Brooklyn you know me I believe her That sounds like a real good name My name is Mikayla Sales and I'm from Maryland Okay that sounds like a real nigga name I'm just happy to know Mikayla from Maryland too Where are you from? Georgia Are you Nigerian?  You see some identification?    I haven't really gotten that energy Like when they're drunk at least But I have gotten like some of the girls Trying to coach you on set like the director If it's a female But never from the guys really Makes sense Unless it's me on set I'm coaching y'all then it's like Cause I'm saying it first Not other models Ew Dig dig dig Do you find that Being white is more of an Obstacle or just being A female in the game I feel like both Especially Like I said earlier when I started Out for sure Cause they're also like who is this white girl Doing stuff and everything But now I feel like I have a lot of respect Cause I respect everybody at the end of the day And I feel like I get that same respect Back I appreciate that And I feel like I really Put people on as far as Just in their careers and also into money Like I have a lot of people Who reach out to me like they might just be having a bad month They really need money To help them find a job Or help them find a gig I really help people And I really want people's dreams to come Reality Any way I can make that possible I try So I feel like Yes me as a white woman Definitely is a struggle but it's like I have all respect for black culture And I think they know that as well So So So You directed music videos And you got to start directing For features Yes at least some short films to start And then some features down the line I want to definitely put my short films into some Film festivals I'm working on pre-planning That right now and then Do production next year 2023 We lit 2023 What type of subject matter? So I want to do All different stuff but I really want All my short films to have some type of meaning To them that can make you Think about the world differently Or even think about yourself differently So I definitely want to Touch on some subjects As far as bullying Suicide Domestic violence and rape I feel like it's not talked about enough And I feel like It might help change that Or even help somebody If they were thinking about committing suicide Now not to do that Have you ever been suicidal? Growing up From depression I was bullied a lot Like in seventh grade And it made me go into Like suicide for real I decided not to And thank god I'm still here I could help people and everything To talk about actually made a youtube video At 15 And about it And some people watched it And they actually decided not to commit suicide Because of it. So I definitely feel like If I did that at 15 Think about the impact I could do now at 27 With all my followers and influence I have Can you share with us What was something that made you Curve Helped you change your mind Yeah I thought about my family I didn't want my parents finding me In a rope around my neck That's what made me stop I really had the rope in my hand And decided not to because I didn't want My family to see me like that Wow Ladies have you ever felt the same way Starting with you Makayla? I've never been Suicidal before But we all have our days We're not feeling our best And they always help me through it How do you deal with depression? Keeping myself busy Just being productive I went through a depression at one point But yeah I don't want to get emotional On here But I'm getting out. Great now Better physician For me About a year or so ago I went through a really rough patch I was diagnosed with Severe depression With that I decided to go to psychiatrist To get my Therapy is good That really Just helped me through it Just being surrounded by really good people Family, friends For sure Big You all are models Becoming models and whatnot This is something that you guys Always wanted to be Starting with Makayla No, this is just something I fell into It's not something I expected to do I actually have my degree in communications And I started out as a nursing major And so I used to I still do. I love biology I love social media And I plan on having a business on my own soon Modeling just Came into the vision I like it, so I'm going to stick with it too So it's a cool little hobby for you Yeah, right I definitely did not It's a lot of things that I do that I Never thought I would do I really didn't know what I wanted to do Or what I was going to do All I knew since I was younger I was going to be rich, wealthy And that was it It's not happening, but it's going to happen some way But I always been an entrepreneur Even when I was younger I literally used to sell Bottle of hand sanitizer And lotion with glitter in it I called it Glittertizer. I was not playing And it was buying my stuff too You know what I mean? No, no, no I went and got the stuff from the store The lotion The hand sanitizer I added the different colored glitters I took it to school and I was like Hey, I'm selling glittertizer I was I think I was in sixth grade I was very young, I was just trying to make something Shake, I tried to Put together a girl group I was just doing something Something got in shape You always was a business one Yes, I was not playing I just I just knew I wanted to be Heavy on the wealthy, not rich But I just I don't know, the people around me Wasn't wealthy or rich So I just knew I wasn't doing that I don't care, I'm not doing that But I'm going to figure something out I started doing YouTube once I graduated And that is really what Helped me a lot With everything Once I started doing that, now I'm here How much were you selling your glittertizer for? I don't know I think I was selling like $10 Because I had the big bottles So the big bottles were like $20 I was like $20, we got $10, we got $5 It just depends on the size I used to write The whole plan How much everything cost What's the purpose of the business Where I'm trying to take it, everything I actually was making money from it Of course in school they Hate people selling stuff They do not want you to sell stuff at school But I'm really trying to get my money I would make paper Dogs Like 5 years old Like origami Not preschool, but kindergarten All throughout elementary school I was selling those And then I would sell them on the corner of my house too People would buy them I never had a 9 to 5 in my life I've always been doing stuff So you got somebody to buy Some paper Your dogs Did it move? Yeah Adults are buying it too For their kids How much would you sell it for? That's like a dollar each But it adds up I would make like 50 at a time I've always been Entrepreneur mindset Who told you to sell it?  Actually, yes I wanted to do modeling Ever since I was a kid My mom would be like, no It's on school, typical African parent mentality So I kind of like gave up on it I always wanted to do it I loved fashion But I was like With my mom, my parents So then I got into college And it was like college, your parents aren't there You can do whatever you want So then While pursuing my degree That's when I started modeling And I'm here today With my degree Graduate Graduate early You guys ready to make sure? Okay We got smart girls over here Marketing That's a great That's hot So what you was going to do with that marketing degree? Really like social media Marketing You can use it with yourself The new gig I got You know Okay She's a celebrity assistant Right now And doing marketing for hers So like What all have you casted for And what all do you cast So I cast a lot of different Things I cast from hair campaigns To music videos To commercials To TV shows To films, to events To really everything and anything And models and actors We also cast kids We cast men and women All ages How many models do you think that you have? I think I have over a thousand I think over a thousand For sure Definitely over a thousand Because I've casted over thousands of music videos And a lot of commercials and a lot of shows All over the country I don't just cast in Atlanta I'm from Marietta I'm a Georgia Peach But I do cast all over the country And outside the country as well So, yeah I can dig it For sure I think that I I had seen you casting Was it a pizza commercial Or what not Oh I did a hot dog commercial Yeah Molly moving like that This ain't just about it No, I also casted for This Super Bowl commercial for When it was in Atlanta I casted for the airport The whole commercial for it Which was really cool As well That is crazy What about reality shows? I've definitely helped on a lot of reality shows Background for a lot of stuff And also helping people Get on reality shows as well I try to stay away from it a little bit Because it's like a lot of setup Shit Like reality shows, the producers always Set you up for something So I try not to be on the shows as much And I always warn everybody that gets On reality to be aware of that But Narrative More like TV shows Movies So are you saying that you've casted somebody On you've helped cast somebody On a reality show or something Well not like that No But I've definitely seen like reality Like Really fucked up people's lives Like Love and Hip Hop Like a lot of those people Get No I don't set them up I only booked the background I don't do anything they just sit there and laugh But I've seen my friends that are On a reality show like it In some situations So I try to warn people What would you say is one of the biggest Misconceptions about Molly world That I just cast models Between the age of 18 To 28 Which I do cast mostly I would say probably 80% of my gigs are like that But I do cast Everything like I just said like TV shows Movies Hair campaigns Ors Haircare And they also do wigs as well But I do I've been casting for them for like four years I do their billboards Across the country like in Times Square To LA to everywhere We also do like their marketing campaigns And also hair shows So I cast literally everything When it comes to What you could cast for So yeah Is there anything that you casted for That you were like kind of surprised like Damn I did that I mean I just got a head up from some law firm To just Book some actors for their commercial They have a big seminar with like 5000 lawyers And they wanted me to cast some actors for that Which I was like that's a random situation But I like it That corporate check hits different You know Sure And like somebody randomly asked me to Book a wolf for them for a video A wolf? Yeah a wolf And I found them a wolf Yeah a real wolf There's actually a wolf sanctuary Out here in Georgia You can book So I get called for the most random stuff And that's the most random thing A wolf Tiger Snakes I have lemurs too I have a company that I work with that has All those different types of animals That we book You saw someone at my party Yeah that was kind of crazy I thought it was fake at first Yeah we had lemurs, snakes Parrots I was sitting in your party like this You were like please don't touch me No Yeah It was lit though It was super lit I had a lot of models out there I had some strippers out there It was lit I love strippers We had girls that were body painted like animals It was a jungle theme so that's why we had Everything jungle themed They were very bodacious That's a good word for it 100% You had this thing online This thing Where it was you And Boosie Oh yeah Boosie One of my major clients What was that? The one that was on Shader Room Yeah So Boosie flew me and two girls Out to Colorado to shoot his movie Which is actually dropping very soon Super funny Yeah it's a new movie coming out I think it's coming out next month I need to double check I'll be able to look out for it But there's a scene in there that I'm in it and two girls are in it That we're all supposed to look like we're high And so we were out there And these guys So we went bowling right when we got there And these guys had a house And they're like you can use this for Your movie if you want to Yo they had We they had shrooms Boosie was like I've never done shrooms before Let's do it Yo He took this shroom And he made all his people take it And then he asked my models if they wanted to Which they did I didn't do it and the director didn't do it But everybody else was on shrooms and yo When I tell you we hit them an hour later And he started driving And y'all see this video You saw the video with him with his leg in the air And he's driving and stuff And he was high off his ass bro And he was tripping And then we went to We went to the um What's it called Like those big puddles of water Not puddles but the springs The hot springs and he bought All those tickets to get there And then he bought his bathing suits to go It was super dope and then we went And they're all high yo He goes and there's literally There's only black people there And he's all like my neighbors And he's like y'all he was Wildin y'all it was so crazy It was so much fun and we Went in there and then at night I can't say what happened at night but it was just It was lit at night Everybody was getting to something out there It was lit Holy Holy Holy Ain't nobody like a booze boy Invites me all the time whenever he's going to party at his house It'll be lit It'll be take your page down It'll be uh sometimes Yeah it definitely gets a little lit for show Topless pool parties Yeah Mmhmm You took the girls there? I don't think I'm taking any of y'all there now No but I'm taking some It'll be lit It'll be different It'll be different vibes not all the time Okay not all the time it's topless y'all Sometimes it's just a good vibe for sure Wait until she turn 21 You're filming She excited to turn 21 I'm so sure Wait when is that When is Marnie girl? I don't know We should do a trip I'm gonna be yummy Get some beads Hey It's a scary movie I'm gonna be your age Ooh it's gonna go crazy Yes okay that's kind of nuts That's kind of nuts Yo Mollie world man You know I'm gonna need you on my show And what not man I need it So this is what I need I need some co-hosts Okay So this is what I'm looking for Of course I told you I like strippers You also said you like big booties So we're building a brand new set For New Jack Dweller city We put the stripper pole up And what not so yeah we get these Stripper tight and everything They're gonna twerk too It's vibe or they're gonna also go on the pole Man it's optional Okay I like that You gotta tell us some money Yeah 100% And we're gonna I want them to Like co-host the show with me And bring you know certain like R&B singers on and stuff like that Move an eye candy Slash you know co-hosting Okay let's do it You think you can help me out I can definitely help you out with that Let's do it go down my roster Yeah yeah yeah We need that good energy Good energy And I know the group No group you should eat there I got you I got you You know how to control themselves I got you Yes exactly for sure I got you Yeah we're gonna figure that out And what now Yeah Molly If you're like what's the movie What would it be called Molly World What would you be to play Ooh I've never been asked that question I don't know Maybe Emma Roberts Or somebody Or Emma Stone Oh yeah cause she's goofy I'm goofy yeah Maybe Emma Stone that would be cool For sure The redhead I'm trying to think oh yeah She's in a lot of stuff Easy A yeah she's in Easy A She's in a lot of stuff Easy A You never seen that Oh yeah Spider-Man 2 Yeah I know I need to figure out I need to figure out songs Yeah oh yeah facts Well Hey if somebody in my age You know the shit they talking about You better watch out for him What I'ma take their word for them Just to catch up But I don't know I don't know what the fuck they talking about Watch out for them How long have you been a comedian for it Since I was 17 When I went to go see Kings of Comedy Philip Serena Back when it was called When State Farm Arena was Philip Serena Oh that's right you from Yeah I'm from here That's how long I've been That's awesome Me and Lil Duvall We all started at the same time He's good people too Really really really great people And he's very humble He's humble You know when I went on to do a Wild'n Out in 2012 With my guys Dixie Carlos And Chico Here we are now New Jack Fuller City on 85 South Turn up Been doing this for a long time But we also we both started at Teenagers That's when you don't know The ladies have the same Y'all are to a great start I'm really excited for y'all It's going to happen just the way you want it to Everything happens for a reason Big believer in that Word Word Word Tell me what's next for you Let's go down the line Let's do it Let's talk to Mikaela real quick Aside from modeling I also do acting And some films And then of course communication Starting my own marketing business For social media You got to join my guy Duane Boy's acting class Someone actually told me about that It's right next door You said What's next What's next Let's see what's next I'm not What's next I do want to start a clothing brand For petite girls That's what I'm working on right now Because I just feel like we just need some love Right now Hold on you don't feel like petite girls Get enough love I'm not saying they don't get enough love I'm trying to find me a small I don't see a small And then a small is like a medium Large I'm going to show you how all it is Is shit for petite girls Hold on Nah We don't shop at the same stores So I'm not sure What you mean by that But yeah I'm trying to get I'm getting back being consistent on my youtube channel I did you know Slack off a little bit but it's okay We back rolling Yeah I'm finally going to be of age So it's just a lot of things 21 Y'all don't even understand Y'all just stay tuned She can't be wrong It's just a long time I already do that I already do all that I already do all that Okay What are you so excited Tell me It's not even about It's not even about like me Being outside and having fun because I still be outside We know I'll still be outside There are certain gigs you can't do unless you're 21 though I can't be until I'm 21 You can't host a club You can't do a couple of these music videos Unless you're 21 There's certain stuff you can't do unless you're 21 It's a lot of stuff you can't do Which you're of age You can do a lot of things So you don't understand What I mean Should have paused right there I need to I need to I mean They don't be really tripping too much Really You feel me A lot of things probably didn't change You feel me You probably could have got away with a lot of things I wasn't She wasn't here I'm hearing out I'm hearing out I'm hearing out You was born in 2002 No, I was born in 2001 November 18, 2001 No, it's not That's a whole year difference 2001, I mean Dang, that really is kind of I was a 95 baby, okay I didn't even think about it like that 2001 You were? Oh, so that's why See, she of age Of age is just a crazy like Right Oh, it's funny It's not 21, yeah I feel horrible just talking to your age I feel like drinking age Drinking age Drinking age Drinking age We'll do it like that You're definitely not under 18 I'm of age I'm just not drinking age There we go Just to make it feel a little bit more comfortable for you Yeah, Davina Davina Davina, what are you guys coming up? Right Right Nobody clipped that That I'm weak Wasn't it for me Well Working on a book I write poetry, so I'm trying to Okay, I thought you were about to say I'm a book about my life Do you have one by yours? 20 years I mean, you never know 21, she has 21 She has 21 So much experience Trying to start a podcast with my friends Some of that Still to be disclosed Not too much on the details yet You don't like to talk about shit Gotta keep this on the low People are watching The birds are chirping But I was not just Doing more modeling Booking more shoots Pretty much it Me Myself and I Guy I got a lot of stuff coming up I'm definitely going to be Directing some short films With some scripts Looking for some more scripts To scout And I'm excited to also be able to Book my talent for things Acting and Models want to get into acting as well And in Atlanta A lot of our gigs are last minute So you never know what I got going on Tomorrow I have a lot of weeks that are completely cleared And by the end of it I had 5 bookings That day Each day So I'm excited to see what God has planned for me I'm Jewish So yeah I don't know Yeah, I'm Jewish I don't know Oh, I'm not going to speak on that Imagine your last question about that Would you cast us new videos? Probably not Probably not What's something about your modeling that people would be Surprised to know? I don't know Hidden talents, are you a gamer? Do you make quilts? I love camping Camping? You like a camper?  I mean, a cabin is a little bit different than camping Camping is a little messy for sure It sounds so messy A cabin trip sounds like fun Oh, you can't You don't think you could survive in the woods? No No Well, I'm a survivor I'm on 40 In a tent though Not like in the woods That's like in the woods though I don't think I can do the tent But it's still like in the woods On the floor and in the branches In the leaves Honestly, it's the animals Y'all scared I'm scared Okay, so she's possible I haven't seen too many Halloween movies Into the Jason movies Alright, so it is Halloween time Are you going to be anything for Halloween?    I don't smoke and drive Maybe smoke and then Afterward, you know You be high driving No comment You drive better when you have I would say it's better I would say it's the same It's about the same Definitely do not drink and drive Do not drink and drive is crazy That's crazy You know what's funny about this conversation I remember when I was coming up You know, this is Over 25 years ago You know I don't think none of y'all was here I was, I was two years old They used to have these commercials Right?  A stroller? That's dramatic That's dramatic as hell Yeah, that's what it is They was having a big time It's supposed to scare them Yeah, that's what it's made for For sure Yeah, that actually happened Now weed is so It's legalized and it's so normalized And whatnot And you know, it's It's cool to hear y'all Say like times are really, really Yeah, they have changed for sure Yeah, I think that's really cool Still don't drink and drive though Yeah, definitely don't drink and do a lot of shit That's true Yeah, drinking the house Drinking makes you do some crazy shit sometimes Oh yeah Hey, so It's about that time I really wish that we had More time to do this And I know this ain't gonna be the last time Like I said, we got some things that we got We got a whole lineup Yes, 100% Is there anything that you guys want to tell The people of New Jack through La City Before we get up out of here Man, give me your social media Tell them what they can find y'all Okay, my social media is L-A-H-H-L-A-U-R-E-N Make sure you guys Follow all my social media platforms And subscribe to my YouTube channel At DesiN-D-E-S-E-Y-A-N-N Make sure to follow me on Instagram At the Divina Sinclair T-H-E-D-A-V-I-N-A-S-I-N That's not your name She's like She's talking about how to spell it Obviously it spelled how it sounds The Divina Sinclair on Instagram And TikTok And Miley World casting on Instagram I don't think I need to spell that out It's pretty simple Miley with a Y, not an I And if you want to follow me And see a little more of me personally On Instagram, it's so official MileyWorld underscore Because my other one got deleted That's what that is MileyWorld casting, we open We out of here, new chapter of the city We'll see y'all next time We is, take us out baby Okay, let's do some bruce Hey y'all, let's get your fix


Hello everybody and welcome to another hobby cheating video, and if you're like me, when you get to the end of a project, you've got a bunch of stuff like this in around. So here's my giant that I converted, and you know, he's all done. Used a bunch of different bits to make him. He's a huge conversion project, and when I got to the end of it, I have all these different bits and sprues and stuff left, right? So what do we do with it? And some of you, this is probably pretty basic. You're probably already on this train. But if you're not, I'm going to talk about how to best organize your bits. Once you're done, this is what I do at the end of every project, okay? And I would recommend you do the same. I know it's easy to get caught up. I know it's easy to say no. I'll just put the sprue to the side. I won't worry about it. I'll just do it later. If you do that, you'll pay for it in the long run. Instead, the first thing I do is clip all the extra pieces I didn't use out of the sprues. That's what you see me doing here. Obviously, I'm not going to put this whole thing on camera, but just so you get the idea, I'm still careful about it. I clip them out nicely, and I make myself a big old pile of all of the bits I've got left from any sprues on the project. Okay. Once that's done, once I've gotten all of the bits that I want out of the sprues, nothing's left on the sprue, right? In that case, then, sometimes you have pieces that just need to go together. Like here, I have two sides of a giant's arm, right? And he has multiple arms in the kit, so there's kind of different pieces. And it would be very annoying to store them independently because then you could very easily lose one of them and be like, Which arm does this go to? Which piece is this attached to? So when I've got things that are so obvious, front and back of a head, a face that goes on a head, two parts of the same hand, two parts of the same club that need to be glued together, or whatever, you know. Whenever you've got stuff that's just obviously needing to be together, well then I glue it together. And I know what you're thinking, oh my God, Vince, are you for real right now? You're telling me that I just finished this whole project. I got a whole shelf of shame. I got a ton of stuff to paint. And what you want me to do is stop, not do any of that, and instead glue together things I'm not even going to paint.  Yes, the answer's obviously yes. But the reality is that doing this will make your life so much better in the long run. Don't punish future you because current you is lazy. Be the present you that future you will be proud of. I don't glue everything together. It's not like I'm making a whole other giant. It's just the bits that make the most sense. I glue those together.  If I just put all of those into a bits box as we're gonna see, that's gonna be a total nightmare, right? Because I could so easily lose one of those tiny little jaw pieces and then not be able to find it. And then that really cool giant face that I have extra, that perfectly useful bit that I can use for a bunch of different projects is now off the table. Because I've lost an important part of actually doing it. He doesn't have a back of a head or a front of a face or teeth or a jaw or whatever, right? So you'll also notice I'm just doing this all of this with sprue goo. I do it the same way. That way the gaps are pretty naturally filled, rar. And I'm not gonna worry about it anymore than that. They're not perfect, but they're good. Okay, so now I've got everything glued together. We're all good. We got one nice big pile of bits. Some are just bits I clipped out. Some bits I glued together.  These are generally for bead storage. I label them with just a simple piece of masking tape that I wrote on with Sharpie, that way I can store them all. And then I just file them away. Now I try to be organized with my bits like all arms go in one section and all feet and are all weapons are all faces or heads or other jangly-dangly bejangle bits. Lots of our kits come with jangly-dangly bejangle bits. And I just kind of make a big pile of all jangly-dangly bejangle bits. So then I just put them all in here, file them all away again. The mega gargant one here is actually kind of tough because so many of their bits are so huge that they were actually rather hard to fit in even one of these standard things. I mean, I do it here. I get everything in. But these were not friendly to bit storage, I would say. And sometimes, as you saw there with that flail piece, it was so big it wouldn't fit in anywhere in here. So I'll show you what I do with those very occasional two large bits. The other most common place that I have that is with oversized wings or stuff if I'm not using the wings for a project. Sometimes you'll have models that can or cannot have wings. And if you leave the wings off, then you got these big impossible to store, very fiddly things. So we get everything in there. I'm not too gentle with it. If I bend something, it's not the end of the world, who cares? The plastic is pretty bendy. So get them all in the box. Now, I'll have a link down below where you can find these little hobby things that I use. I get mine from Amazon. You can also find them at any local craft store. If you go to like Joanne Fabrics, or if you have that kind of thing around you, or Michaels, or I don't know, whatever craft store you happen to have in your area of the world, you will find little storage cases like this. Like I said, they're generally for beads in that kind of art project. So pretty easy. So and the nice part is, snaps shut, locked, set, ready to rock. Okay? All right, so what happens with the giant bits? So I got these two things like this hand with the net and that big flail. Well, I keep an extra tub here that is just all of my random big bits. So these are like the back. Yeah, that's like the keeper of secrets, extra cloak I didn't use for Shalaxi, the big wings from the Adeptus Mechanicus stuff. There's a set of Archeon wings in there, those kinds of things. So I just drop those two little bits in there, call it a day. I also store extra busts in that same thing. But that's easy peasy. Another option for big ones is these. So these are these long plastic trays. I'll give you a link to these as well. These are like pencil cases, basically. So if you have plastic pencil or pen cases, clear acrylic plastic pencil or pen cases, these are really great for big long bits.  I've got some, you know, two king sphinx bits and stuff like that. But all told, then you get them organized. All these cases lock, snap tight, everything's fine. You can see when I look at them from the side, everything's labeled, organized clean, makes later conversion projects easy. I can shake them, bake them. Well, I wouldn't bake them, but I can shake them around. Bits don't move. Easy, breezy, beautiful. So there you go. I hope you liked that. If you did, give it a like. Subscribe for more hobby cheating in the future, and we'll see you next time.


Your Excellency the President of the Senate, Distinguished Senator Amir Mlaouan. Your Excellency the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President of the family of Nabiya Mlaouan. Your Excellency the Caretaker Committee Chairman of a great party in the all progressive Congress and Governor of the United States. Maim Mlaouan is Excellency the Governor of the United States and Chairman of the Governor's Forum. Dr. Coyote Fiery, Excellency Chairman of the Progressive Governor's Forum, and Governor of KBSP, Alajia Pikkubabu, and other governors present. The Deputy President of the Senate, Distinguished Senator Oveel Omoagini, Deputy Speaker of the House of Representatives, the Right Honourable Ahmed Wasan. Distinguished Senators present, Honourable Members present, Chief of Staff to the President, Professor Ibrahim Gamberi. Members of the Federal Executive Council present, Members of the APC family. Ladies and gentlemen, it is my pleasure to welcome you to this meeting, which has in addition to the members of the Pride Party Committee established by His Excellency President Armando Wari. We also have representatives of the APC Governors as well as members of our party in the National Assembly. The Pride Party Committee as you know was conceived by Mr. President as a way of ensuring cordial, beneficial relationships between the Executive, the Legislature, the branches of government on the one hand, and the party on the other hand. The whole idea was to ensure that whenever there are issues that require deliberation or perhaps thorny issues, we are able to discuss them at the Pride Party Committee before taking them any further so that if those issues could be resolved at that level, then they are simply resolved and we can move on. We've had several meetings of the Pride Party Committee on several issues and many of those issues have been resolved, you know, to the benefit of our party and also to the benefit of our government. But at a couple of meetings, about three previous meetings of the Pride Party Committee, the issue of the proposal, first by the House of Representatives and then Senate, to restrict the conduct of grammaries of parties to only direct grammaries came up. The reason as it emerged from our discussions at the Pride Party Committee was that legislators felt that party congresses had been completely taken over by state government and other legislators and they as stakeholders stood no chance of the fair contest if the primaries, in the primaries, if all potential delegates and actors had already been spoken for. We then decided at the last meeting of the Pride Party Committee because these issues were laid before us and these, the various issues, the various sides of the question and various sides of the problem were laid before us. We then decided at the last meeting to call an expanded meeting where the leadership of the National Assembly, Governors and all other stakeholders that are present here would be able to deliberate on those issues and hopefully will be able to find solutions that will be acceptable to all but most importantly that would work in the interest of our party especially as we go into elections come 2023. Other speakers after me will elaborate further on the issues but I want to urge all present that in the course of our discussions today we should seek to find solutions, highlighting the pathways to an amicable resolution. Most of us who are here are probably familiar with what the issues are, the problems are, what we really want are solutions. If everybody takes time to speak again about all the issues and rehashes everything, we won't live here. I really think that it's important that we're able to get quickly to the issues and resolve them in a way that at least would be satisfactory. I think at this period more than ever we need peace and comfort within our party and I hope that this meeting will mark a new beginning in that direction and I hope that the conclusion of this meeting will only have good tidings to report to Mr. President. Thank you all very much for making the time for talk.