The following demonstration is for informational purposes only. Please do not attempt. When you think of a lighter, what comes to mind? I think of a torch, a zippo, or a bick. But what are the differences between these three types of lighters? What's inside, and how do they function? Can a bick be refilled? All these answers and more on today's episode of Exploring the Dinosaurs. This is a cyclone. It happens to be a triple flame torch lighter. This is a zippo style lighter. It uses fuel that is liquid at room temperature and pressure. This is a Z plus. It looks like a zippo, sounds like a zippo, but it's actually a butane dual flame torch lighter. And this is a bick lighter. Probably familiar to most of you, it is also a butane lighter. But instead of having a torch flame jet style burner, it uses a very different type of burner. Now let's take each lighter apart and see how they work, beginning with the cyclone. We're now going to disassemble the cyclone. Look at its components, how everything works, and how to fine tune the performance of this lighter to make sure that it works the way that you want it to. So here we have the components of the burner or the jet in a jet flame torch lighter. This is the attachment for the fuel line. This is a filter screen that goes between the attachment for the fuel line. This is the remainder of the Venturi assembly, and this is the entire assembly all in one and a penny for comparison. Now let's track the path of the fuel through the cyclone as it exits the fuel tank. When we depress the button, we're going to be actuating this lever right here, which then opens this valve where we can see there's still one fuel line attached and two points for the other two fuel lines to attach for this triple jet torch lighter. When we press down on this button, the valve will allow fuel to flow. Beginning with the fuel line, just above the valve, liquid fuel is going to flow up the tube to the fuel line attachment point. Going to flow through the filter disc, which is extremely important because when it encounters this plate here with that tiny little orifice in it, this orifice functions as a regulator to regulate how much fuel is introduced into the Venturi. That hole is so small that just the tiniest little bit of debris can plug it or obstruct it and reduce the flow, making the whole torch burner assembly non-functional. An interesting thing happens at the orifice, since the liquid fuel can't come through it very fast, we end up generally creating phase change and creating a stream of high velocity gas coming up through past this air inlet creating a Venturi. So we now have an air fuel mixture flowing up to the upper part of the burner. This is where combustion is supported, is just on the surface of this burner. We also have this other very interesting geometry and it's not just for decoration. This is also a secondary air inlet to make a final adjustment of the air fuel ratio for ideal combustion or stoichiometry and it provides a source of cooling air to keep this metal which is in near direct contact with the burner to help prevent it from overheating. To illustrate how important the orifice on the jet is in regulating fuel flow, I'm going to demonstrate what would happen if it wasn't there. The single flame torch is going to provide ignition of the fuel that's going to come out of our fuel tank as I depress the fuel valve with my thumb. We can see ignition, pressing on the fuel valve, pause. Fuel begins to spray out of the fuel valve. Then we see ignition and a key thing to notice is not only is the flame very big because it is unregulated because it does not have a regulating orifice like we described earlier, it still doesn't come in contact with the fuel coming out of the valve because the fuel coming out of the valve does not have sufficient oxygen combined with it to maintain sufficient stoichiometry to support combustion. Unpause. When I release the valve, pause, we can see the flame comes all the way down on top of the valve, the fuel tank anywhere where any fuel has splashed as well as my hand and continues to burn until it is extinguished with a puff of air or simply runs out of fuel. Pause. This is a perfect example of why you shouldn't play with lighters in this manner unless you have a very solid understanding of what you're working with and what the dangers are. We've shown you how the fuel comes out. Now let's see how the fuel goes in. But first, let's depressurize. I am going to use my pen to release some of the pressure from the fuel storage tank which is then going to lower the temperature inside this tank. You can see the butane is now boiling to produce enough vapor pressure to maintain equilibrium and at the same time our tank is going to be getting cold. You may notice a little bit of condensation on the outside of the tank forming. We've now lowered the pressure and lowered the temperature inside of the fuel tank so now when I put my fuel filler on and push down, fuel flows right back into the tank with no difficulty. It's not air that we're letting out. We're simply letting out liquid butane that has been phase change into vapor form out and by doing this lowers the temperature, lowers the pressure and makes it much easier for the fuel in the can to flow into the lighter. Now let's take a look at a Zippo-style lighter. We have our ignition source here and we have this little surround which functions to regulate the air-fuel mixture or ratio so we can have appropriate stoichiometry have a good flame. This one is positionable so we can better access, trim, extend or retract the wick which provides the surface area for the liquid fuel to evaporate at a fast enough rate to provide a combustible gas to mix with the available oxygen and provide a sustainable flame. What we don't see here is this lighter is effectively leaking combustible gas anytime the lid is open and to a limited extent even when the lid is shut because this lid is not gas tight. The difference is it's a fuel that is generally liquid at room temperature and atmospheric pressure so it evaporates relatively slow. This is why the wick is so important because it provides a surface area for this liquid fuel to evaporate providing the fuel necessary to support combustion. Let's look at some of the other components that make this lighter work. Starting with where the fuel is added as well as the other components of the ignition system which are held underneath the screw which is much more serviceable than what we're going to find on a disposable butane lighter. Spring to apply pressure on the flint which is not technically flint it's a material called ferrocerium which can be a mixture of various metals typically including iron and a combination of some other rare earth elements usually including cerium, sometimes including neodymium, prasodymium and lanthanum.  Now that we've seen the inner workings of a zippo let's compare it to the Z plus 2. As you can see they look very similar to each other but when you open them up we can see that the Z plus 2 is actually a dual torch lighter with a visible fuel tank. We're going to focus on the bottom of the Z plus 2 where you can see the fill port and the flame adjustment. As you'll see the process of depressurizing and refueling a Z plus 2 is very similar to the process with a cyclone as well as most torch lighters. Use a pen and press it into the fuel port valve until you hear a hiss. If your tank is transparent you will see the fuel boil just like in the cyclone. Now when we take our fuel container put it on our fuel fill and press down it just simply flows. Finally we'll flick the bick and see what makes it tick. First we're going to remove the flame guard. We can see the valve actuator lever here now we're going to remove the striker wheel. The striker wheel is the component that shaves off a small amount of the ferrocerium which creates the ignition source as that material spontaneously ignites upon exposure to the atmospheric oxygen. Here's our flint, here's our spring and now we can see the lever a little bit more clearly and the lever has a pivot point in the plastic. The components of the bick lighter are much more simplistic than the torch lighters. The body including the fuel tank in the reservoir, the lever that actuates the valve, the valve itself, the spring for the lever for the valve, the ferrocerium which creates the spark when hit with the striker wheel, the spring to apply pressure to the ferrocerium, the child resistant component to protect the striker wheel from unauthorized usage and the flame guard. The question is can I put it back together? Putting the flint back in it's important to put the ground side up facing the wheel and this is probably the hardest part about reassembling the bick lighter and as you can see it's difficult and probably not worth your time or effort. I almost got it. So now that we know how bick lighter works, can we refill it? The bottom of the bick lighter shows the fill port filled in a factory but it is non-refillable because it has no metal components to allow for a valving mechanism. This is filled with specialized equipment that injects the butane and then seals the plastic to not allow it to leak back out. Rendering this style of lighter, very low cost but also disposable. In other words, there's no practical way to refill a bick lighter. That's another video. You're better off buying another one or a lighter that can be refilled. Nope, it doesn't work. I hope you enjoyed this episode of Exploring the Dinoverse. What's your favorite portable heat source? Leave it in the comments below. Thanks for watching this episode of Exploring the Dinoverse. Check out some of these other videos for more information on other cool things.


Hello, this is Laptop Media, and today, we will show you how to open the Dell Precision 167680 and what's inside of it. This laptop is equipped with a service cover. Pop it open to access one of the M.2 PCIe X4 slots. To continue the disassembly, you need to undo a total of 6 captive Philips head screws. Then, pry the bottom panel with a plastic tool and lift it away from the chassis. Please remember, it would be of great help to us if you just hit the like button and subscribe to our channel. That would motivate us to make even more and better videos for you. Inside, you find an 83Wh battery pack. It lasts for 3 hours of either web browsing or video playback. To take the unit out, you need to unplug it from the motherboard. Then, undo 3 Philips head screws. Here, you can see the new cam memory. It takes less space but has the downside to be more difficult to upgrade. That's because it is held in place by 4 screws, 2 of which are used to mount the cam connector module to the system board. Coincidentally, the same connector is used to put a Sodom adapter, should you prefer the traditional memory type. In terms of storage, you get 2M.2 PCI-EX4 slots, which fit Gen for SSDs and support RAID mode. Cooling wise, there are 2 heat pipes shared between the CPU and the GPU. They are connected to a large heat sink, where 2 big fans blow the heat away. Furthermore, there are a couple of heat spreaders over the VRMs and the graphics memory. If you'd like to see more disassembly videos of the latest notebooks, we would highly appreciate if you hit the like button and subscribe to the channel.


What if you paraphrase something to a participant in a workshop and they still feel frustrated and they still feel like you're not listening to them? Well, what you can do and don't use this very often, only use it if paraphrasing doesn't work, what you can do is actually literally repeat exactly what they said back to them. So if they said to you, I don't think the solution is going to work because the team hasn't got enough time to develop it, then I would say, okay, you don't think the solution is going to work because the team doesn't have time to develop it. Literally the exact same thing back to them just to confirm I've heard exactly what they said. And some people, actually, I'm a little bit like this. I'm quite pedantic. I do need someone to mirror what I've said before I believe that they've actually heard me. So that's number two, mirroring. As an Irish person, this is very hard to say, but it will be written on screen so you know what I said, mirroring.


Hello and welcome to this presentation of the STM32L4 power controller. The STM32L4's power management functions and all power modes will also be covered in this presentation. Please note that this presentation has been written for STM32L47X48X devices. Key differences with other devices are indicated at the end of the presentation unless otherwise specified. STM32L4 devices support eight main low power modes. Low power run, sleep, low power sleep, stop zero, stop one, stop two, stand by and shutdown modes. Each mode can be configured in many ways, providing several additional sub modes. The STM32L4 has several key features related to power management. Several low power modes, down to 30 nanoamps while it is still possible to wake up the MCU with an event on an IO. For only 350 nanoamps, 32 kilobytes of SRAM can be retained. A large number of peripherals can wake up from the various low power modes. Dynamic consumption is down to 100 microamps per megahertz, executing from flash memory. A battery backup domain called VBAT, including the RTC and certain backup registers. Several power supplies are independent, allowing you to reduce MCU power consumption while some peripherals are supplied at higher voltages. Thanks to the large number of power modes, STM32L4 devices offer high flexibility to minimize the power consumption and adjust it depending on active peripherals, required performance and needed wake up sources. STM32 devices have several independent power supplies, which can be set at different voltages or tied together. The main power supply is VDD, supplying almost all IOs except for 14 IOs of port G. VDD also supplies the reset block, temperature sensor and all internal clock sources. In addition, it supplies the standby circuitry, which includes the wake up logic and independent watchdog. VDD supplies voltage regulators, which provide the V-core supply. V-core supplies most of the digital peripherals, SRAMs and flash. STM32L4MCUs feature several independent supplies for peripherals. VDDA for the analog peripherals, VDDUSB for the USB transceiver and VDDIO2, which supplies the 14 IOs on port G. The VLCD pin provides the LCD common and segments reference voltage. The VRF plus pin provides the reference voltage to the analog to digital and to digital to analog converters and can be used as an external buffer reference for the application. A backup battery can be connected to the VBAT pin to supply the backup domain. The main power supply VDD ensures full feature operation in all power modes from 1.71 up to 3.6 volts, allowing it to be supplied by an external 1.8 volt regulator. Device functionality is guaranteed down to 1.6 volts, the minimum voltage after which a brownout reset is generated. Other independent supplies are provided to allow peripherals to operate at a different voltage. The analog power supply VDDA can be connected to any voltage other than VDD. When the analog to digital converters or comparators are used, the VDDA voltage must be greater than 1.62 volts. When the digital to analog converters or operational amplifiers are used, VDDA must be greater than 1.8 volts. When the voltage reference buffer is used, VDDA must be greater than 2.4 volts. The USB power supply VDDUSB can be connected to any voltage other than VDD. When the USB is used, VDDUSB must be greater than 3 volts. 14 IOs of port G from PG-15 to PG-2 are supplied by VDDIO2 independently from VDD. When these IOs are used, VDDIO2 can be as low as 1.08 volts. Several functions are available on these IOs. I2C, SPI, serial audio interface, use arts and timers. The number of available IOs depends on the package. A backup domain is supplied by VBAT, which must be greater than 1.55 volts. The backup domain contains the RTC, the 32.768 kHz LSE external oscillator, and the 128-byte backup registers. The LCD reference voltage can be provided either by an external supply voltage or by the embedded voltage step-up converter. This reference is independent from the VDD voltage, ensuring the same LCD contrast regardless of the VDD value. VLCD is multiplexed with the PC3 pin, which can be used as a GPIO when the LCD is not used. The ADC and DAC voltage references can be provided either by an external supply voltage or by the internal reference buffer. This allows us to improve converter's performance by providing an isolated and independent reference voltage. The VRF Plus pin, and thus the internal voltage reference, is not available on low pin count packages. In those packages, the VRF Plus is double bonded with VDDA, and the internal voltage buffer must be kept disabled. The voltage reference can be provided through the VDDA pin in those packages. The STM32-L4 MCU embeds four peripheral voltage monitors to detect if the independent supply is present or not. These comparators have wake-up-from-stop mode capability. The PVM1 compares the VDD USB voltage with the 1.22 volts threshold. The PVM2 compares the VDD I02 voltage with the 0.96 volt threshold. The PVM3 compares the VDDA voltage with the 1.65 volt threshold, intended for the comparators and analog to digital converters. The PVM4 compares the VDDA voltage with the 1.82 volt threshold, intended for the operational amplifiers and digital to analog converters. To guarantee any of the supply sequences on the application, power isolation has been implemented and is active by default. It is the role of software to enable the needed supplies by removing the power isolation. The power supply supervisor guarantees a safe and ultra-low power reset management. STM32-L4 devices embed an ultra-low power brownout reset, which is always enabled in all power modes except shutdown mode. The BOR ensures reset generation as soon as the MCU drops below the selected threshold, regardless of the VDD slope. 5 thresholds from 1.7 to 2.95 volts are selected by option byte programmed in flash memory. A power voltage detector can generate and interrupt when VDD crosses the selected threshold. The PVD can be enabled in all modes except standby and shutdown modes. 7 thresholds can be selected by software. In addition, comparisons can be done with an external pin. The BOR consumption with the 1.7 volt threshold is included in the datasheet. Two embedded linear voltage regulators supply all the digital circuitries except for the standby circuitry and the backup domain. The regulator output voltage, or V-Core, can be programmed by software to two different values depending on the performance and the power consumption requirements. This is called dynamic voltage scaling. Depending on the application mode, V-Core is provided either by the main voltage regulator for run, sleep, and stop-zero modes, or by the low power regulator for low power run, low power sleep, stop-zero, stop-one, and stop-two modes. The regulators are off in standby and shutdown mode. When SRAM-2 content is preserved in standby mode, the low power regulator remains on and provides the SRAM-2 supply. In run mode, the voltage scaling range 1 is the high performance range, allowing a system clock up to 80 MHz. All peripherals can be activated. All clocks can be enabled. The run mode range 1 consumption is 131 microamps per MHz at 80 MHz from flash memory with the ART accelerator enabled. In run mode, the voltage scaling range 2 is the medium performance range, allowing a system clock up to 26 MHz. When executing from SRAM, the flash consumption can be saved by configuring the flash in power-down mode and by gating its clock off. All peripherals can be activated except the USB OTG and random number generator. All clocks can be enabled. The run mode range 2 consumption is 110 microamps per MHz at 26 MHz from SRAM. In low power run mode, the main regulator is off, and the low power regulator supplies the logic allowing a system clock up to 2 MHz. When executing from SRAM, the flash consumption can be reduced by configuring the flash memory in power-down mode and by gating its clock off. All peripherals can be activated except the USB OTG and random number generator. All clocks can be enabled. At 2 MHz, there is no limitation regarding the number of peripherals that can be activated. The low power run mode consumption is 135 microamps per MHz at 2 MHz when executing from flash memory with the ART accelerator enabled. It is 112 microamps per MHz at 2 MHz when executing from SRAM 1. The I2C, USART, LPUART, and SWPMI clocks can be based on the internal high-speed oscillator at 16 MHz. The run mode thanks to voltage scaling and the low power run modes offer flexibility between required performance and consumption. In run mode range 1, the system clock is limited to 80 MHz and the internal and external oscillators and the PLL can be used. In run mode range 2, the system clock is limited to 26 MHz and the internal and external oscillators as well as the PLL can be used but must be limited to 26 MHz. In low power run mode, the system clock must be limited to 2 MHz.  By default, all peripheral clocks are off except the flash interface clock. The SRAM 1 and SRAM 2 clocks are always on in run mode. When running from SRAM 1 or SRAM 2 in run or low power run modes, the flash memory can be put in power down mode thanks to software and the flash clock can be switched off. The flash memory must not be accessed when it is switched off, consequently interrupts must be mapped in SRAM using the Cortex-M4 vector table offset register. Current consumption in run or low power run modes depends on several parameters. First, the executed binary code. That means the program itself plus the compiler impact. Then it depends on the program location in the memory, the device software configuration, the IO pin loading and switching rate, the temperature and so on. The consumption also depends on if the code is executed from flash memory or from SRAM. When code is executed from flash, the energy efficiency is better when the flash accelerator is enabled. When code is executed from SRAM, the energy efficiency is better when executing from SRAM 2. The consumption in run mode can be optimized down to low frequency thanks to low power run mode. Enabling the ART accelerator increases performance but also reduces the dynamic consumption. Best consumption is most often reached when the instruction cache is on, data cache is on and prefetch buffer is off as this configuration reduces the number of flash memory accesses. The small flash dynamic consumption allows a small consumption each time the firmware needs to access the flash memory. Consumptions from SRAM 1 and SRAM 2 are quite similar but SRAM 2 is much more power efficient than SRAM 1 when not remapped at address zero thanks to its zero weight state access. Sleep and low power sleep modes allow all peripherals to be used and feature the fastest wake up time. In these modes the CPU is stopped and each peripheral clock can be configured by software to be gated on or off during the sleep and low power sleep modes. These modes are entered by executing the assembler instruction wait for interrupt or wait for event. When executed in low power run mode, the device enters low power sleep mode. Depending on the sleep on exit bit configuration in the Cortex-M4 system control register, the MCU enters sleep mode as soon as the instruction is executed or as soon as it exits the lowest priority interrupt subroutine. This last configuration allows you to save time and consumption by saving the need to pop and push the stack. Batch acquisition mode is an optimized mode for transferring data. Only the needed communication peripheral plus 1DMA plus SRAM 1 or SRAM 2 are configured with clock enable in sleep mode. Flash memory is put in power down mode and the flash memory clock is gated off during sleep mode. Then it can enter either sleep or low power sleep mode. Note that the I2C clock can be at 16 MHz even in low power sleep mode allowing support for 1 MHz fast mode plus. The USART and LPU art clocks can also be based on the high speed internal oscillator. Typical applications are sensor hubs. In sleep mode the CPU clocks are off. In range 1 the system clock is up to 80 MHz. In range 2 it is up to 26 MHz. By default the SRAM 1 and SRAM 2 clocks are enabled. They can be gated off during sleep mode by software. All peripherals can be activated in range 1. In range 2 all peripherals can be activated except the USB OTG and random number generator. The sleep mode consumption is 37 microamps per MHz in range 1 at 80 MHz with the flash memory on. In low power sleep mode the CPU clocks are off and the logic is supplied by the low power regulator. The system clock is up to 2 MHz. Flash memory can be configured in power down and can be gated off. SRAM 1 and SRAM 2 can be gated off. All peripherals can be activated except the USB OTG and random number generator. The low power sleep mode consumption is 40 microamps per MHz at 2 MHz with flash memory and SRAM off. STM32L4 devices feature 3 stop modes.  The contents of SRAM 1, SRAM 2 and all peripheral registers are preserved in stop modes. All high speed clocks are stopped. The 32.768 kHz external oscillator and 32 kHz internal oscillator can be enabled. Several peripherals can be active and wake up from stop mode. System clock on wake up can be the internal high speed and multi-speed oscillators up to 48 MHz with only a 0.7 microsecond wake up time from SRAM or 5 microseconds from flash. Stop 2 consumption is lower than stop 1 but stop 0 and 1 support more active peripherals. In stop 0 mode, the system clock is frozen and all high speed clocks are powered down. The RTC clocked by the internal or external low speed oscillator can be activated. The brownout reset is always enabled. Most of the peripheral clocks are gated off. Several peripherals can be functional in stop 0 mode. Power voltage detector, peripherals voltage monitor, LCD controller, digital to analog converters, operational amplifiers, comparators, independent watchdog, low power timers, I2C, UART and low power UART. The events from all IOs can wake up from stop 0 mode plus the interrupt generated by the active peripherals. In addition SWPMI and USB can wake up from stop 0 mode. The I2C and UART or LP UART can switch the HSI16 on during the stop mode in order to recognize their wake up condition. The stop 0 mode consumption is 110 microamps typical at 3 volts. The wake up time is 0.7 microseconds when the system clock at wake up is MSI at 48 megahertz and the code is executed from SRAM. Stop 1 mode is very similar to stop 0 except that the power figures are much lower as the main regulator is stopped and replaced by the low power regulator. The stop 1 mode consumption without RTC is 6.6 microamps typical at 3 volts. The wake up time is 4 microseconds when the system clock at wake up is MSI at 48 megahertz and the code is executed from SRAM. In stop 2 mode the system clock is frozen and all high speed clocks are powered down. The RTC clocked by the internal or external low speed oscillator can be activated. The brownout reset is always enabled. Most of the peripheral clocks are gated off. Several peripherals can be functional in stop 2 mode. Power voltage detector, peripheral voltage monitors, LCD controller, comparators, independent watchdog, low power timer 1, I2C3 and the low power UART. The events from all IOs can wake up from stop 2 mode plus the interrupt generated by the active peripherals. The I2C3 and LPUART can switch the HSI16 on during stop mode in order to recognize their wake up condition. The consumption in stop 2 mode without the RTC is 1.2 microamps typical at 3 volts. The wake up time is 5 microseconds when the system clock at wake up is MSI at 48 megahertz and the code is executed from SRAM. When comparing stop modes, stop 1 mode consumption is higher than stop 2 mode consumption, but the wake up time is shorter and the number of active peripherals is higher. Stop 0 mode keeps the main regulator enabled, allowing a very short wake up time lower than 1 microsecond when restarting from the RAM to the expense of a higher consumption than stop 1. It is possible to wake up from stop 0 or 1 mode with the USB resume from suspend event or with attached detection, but it is not supported in stop 2 mode. An SWPMI resume from suspend event can also wake up the MCU from stop 0 or 1 mode, but not from stop 2. The I2C address recognition is functional in both stop modes and can generate a wake up event in case of an address match. Only one I2C is supported in stop 2 versus three I2Cs in other stops. The UART byte reception is functional in both stop modes and can generate a wake up event in case of start detection or byte reception or address match event. Only the low power UART is supported in stop 2 mode. In other stop modes, all 5 UARTs and the low power UART can generate a wake up event. When clocked by the internal or external low speed oscillator, or when clocked by an external pin, the low power timer can wake up the MCU with all its events. In stop 0 or 1 mode, both low power timers are supported, whereas only LP-TIM-1 is supported in stop 2 mode. The standby mode is the lowest power mode, in which 32 kilobytes of SRAM-2 can be retained. The automatic switch from VDD to VBAT is supported, and the IOS level can be configured by independent pull-up and pull-down circuitry. By default, the voltage regulators are in power-down mode, and the SRAMs and the peripherals registers are lost. The 128-byte backup registers are always retained. Thanks to software, it is possible to retain 32 kilobytes of SRAM-2. The ultra-low power brownout reset is always on to ensure a safe reset regardless of the VDD slope. Each IO can be configured with or without a pull-up or pull-down, which is applied and released thanks to the APC control bit. This allows you to control the input state of external components, even during standby mode. Five wake-up pins are available to wake up the device from standby mode. The polarity of each of the five wake-up pins is configurable. The wake-up clock is MSI with a frequency configurable from 1 to 8 MHz. In standby mode with SRAM-2, the main regulator is powered down, and the low power regulator supplies the SRAM-2 to preserve its content. The RTC, clocked by the internal or external low-speed oscillator, can be activated. The brownout reset is always enabled. The independent watchdog can also be enabled in standby mode. Reset, brownout reset, RTC, and tamper detection, independent watchdog, and any event on the five wake-up pins can exit the MCU from standby mode. The standby with SRAM-2 consumption without the RTC is around 390 nanoamps typical at 3 volts. The wake-up time is approximately 4 microseconds. In standby mode without SRAM-2, the main regulator and the low power regulator are powered down. The RTC, clocked by the internal or external low-speed oscillator, can be activated. The brownout reset is always enabled. The independent watchdog can also be enabled in standby mode. The wake-up events are the same as those described in standby mode with SRAM-2. The standby consumption without RTC is 150 nanoamps typical at 3 volts. The wake-up time is approximately 14 microseconds. The shutdown mode is the lowest power mode of the STM32L4 with only 30 nanoamps at 1.8 volts. This mode is similar to standby mode but without any power monitoring. The brownout reset is disabled and the switch to VBAT is not supported in shutdown mode. Hence, the product state is not guaranteed in case the power supply is lowered below 1.6 volts. The LSI is not available and consequently the independent watchdog is also not available. A brownout reset is generated when the device exits shutdown mode. All registers are reset except those in the backup domain and a reset signal is generated on the pad. The 128-byte backup registers are retained in shutdown mode. The wake-up sources are the five wake-up pins and the RTC. When exiting shutdown mode, the wake-up clock is MSI at 4 MHz. In shutdown mode, the main regulator and the low power regulator are powered down. The RTC, clocked by the external low-speed oscillator, can be activated. The brownout reset is deactivated. Only the external low-speed clock can be enabled. The wake-up events are the RTC and tamper events, the reset and the five wake-up pins. The shutdown consumption without RTC is around 60 nanoamps typical at 3 volts. The wake-up time is approximately 250 microseconds. Here you can see the summary of all the STM32L4 power modes. From run mode, it is possible to access all low power modes except low power sleep mode. In order to go into low power sleep mode, it is required to move first to low power run mode and execute a wait for interrupt or wait for event instruction while the regulator is the low power regulator. On the other hand, when exiting low power sleep mode, the STM32L4 is in low power run mode. When the device is in low power run mode, it is possible to go into all low power modes except sleep, stop zero and stop two modes. Sleep, stop zero or stop two modes can only be entered from run mode. If the device enters stop one mode from low power run mode, it will exit in low power run mode. If the device enters standby or shutdown from low power run mode, it will exit in run mode. The backup domain allows you to keep the RTC functional and to preserve the backup registers in case the VDD supply is down, thanks to a backup battery connected to the VBAT pin. The backup domain contains the RTC clocked by the low speed external oscillator at 32.768 kHz. Three tamper pins are functional in VBAT mode and will erase the 128-byte backup registers also included in the VBAT domain in case of intrusion detection. The backup domain also contains the RTC clock control logic. In case VDD drops below a certain threshold, the backup domain power supply automatically switches to VBAT. When VDD is back to normal, the backup domain power supply automatically switches back to VDD. The VBAT voltage is internally connected to an ADC input channel in order to monitor the backup battery level. When VDD is present, the battery connected to VBAT can be charged from the VDD supply. The battery charging feature allows charging of a supercap connected to a VBAT pin through an internal resistor when VDD supply is present. The charging is enabled by software and is done either through a 5 kilo ohm or 1.5 kilo ohm resistor depending on software. Battery charging is automatically disabled in VBAT mode. In VBAT mode, the entire MCU is in power-down mode except the backup domain including the 128-byte backup registers, RTC and external low-speed clock. The consumption from the VBAT pin is approximately 6 nanoamps without the RTC at 3 volts and 500 nanoamps with the RTC. Three bits are available in the flash option bytes to prohibit a given low power mode. When cleared, an option bit configures reset generation when entering shutdown mode. Another bit configures reset generation when entering standby mode and the last bit configures reset generation when entering stop modes. Three bits are available in the debug control center in order to allow debugging in sleep, stop, standby and shutdown modes. When the related bit is set, the regulator is kept on in standby and shutdown modes and the HCLK and FCLK clocks remain on to keep the debugger alive. This maintains the connection with the debugger during the low power modes and continues debugging after wake up. Remember to clear these bits when the MCU is not under debug because the consumption is higher in all low power modes when these bits are set due to the fact they force the clocks and the regulators to remain enabled. In addition to this training, you can refer to the reset and clock control and interrupts trainings as well as those for all the peripherals with wake up from stop capability. For more details, please refer to application note STM32L4 ultra low power features overview. This slide presents the key consumption differences between STM32L4 devices. This slide presents the key differences in ULP bench scores between STM32L4 devices.


Pulling system and after all this we're all gonna have our fingers crossed with the pulling works, too So you can scan that code and open it up on your phone You can type in that web address if you'd like to do it that way or you can do this via text I would recommend that as the last option because a couple of the polls are not going to work well for you in text Although most of them will All right Don't actually take a picture. You should be able to just open the camera Hold it up there and have something pop up That says do you want to open pollybee and click that link again turn to your village here? Other people at your table or nearby should be able to help call for help wave around You should be able to get some folks to help you here. All right So if you are not familiar with live polling, here's how it's going to work if all goes well We're going to pop up a few different question types throughout today And ask you to weigh in on your phones and it might be a couple different kinds of questions It might be a multiple choice where you can pick one or pick a couple in most cases I'm going to let you in on a little secret. We've let it Stand that you have unlimited choices We're going on the honor system. That's so that you can answer for somebody else at your table if people do not have phones But we trust you not to completely skew the results and vote over and over again You might have open-ended questions We might ask you to type in a text response or something like that and we'll see some of your text responses or vote something up and down So most people have it in at this point Okay, we're going to start you off with something really hard and Ask you a question around how do you know you're a Vermont designation champion? so You should be able to go to that poll and see a Question popping up at this point Are you seeing a question? Okay So you can choose one of these answers go ahead and choose up to two answers For how do you know when you're a month designation champion and these are your choices if you can't read them all Oh, well, you can explain tips in the grocery line and you do Maybe there's a poster of the DHT rock stars in your office wouldn't all of us like that Maybe you have memorized the state benefits table forwards and backwards Maybe you're still bitter that the town next door got designated before yours Maybe you're here because you're scheming to get me for pre-stand benefits into designation 2050 reform Or maybe something else So take just another minute or two for your top two choices If there's somebody near you who also need to help to vote help them vote I'm going to pull out a timer here You don't have to hit anything. It's all going to register for you 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Here's what we say Wow, we've got a lot of tip fans in the room. I was not expecting that one Even some whoos for tips that was a first. I think also a lot of people creepy fans We did not expect you were all here for that But we know we'll see if that comes out in your plans later on Okay, so now you know how to vote with life calling keep those phones handy because you're gonna need them again Some real purposes in a moment I remember still in the community workshop I'm so excited that I had the chance to talk to so many of you over the last few weeks and over the last however many years of course and Really excited also to get to share with so many of you today What we've heard from many people who are not in the room Including many people who've probably never thought or talked about designation programs before in their lives I have been out asking people all over the state. Have you even heard of designation programs? What do you think and I get a lot of blank stares? I've gotten a lot of people to say what and then when I start talking about Downtowns and village centers in these places that we love people start nodding their heads and they have a lot to say So I want to actually start with an exercise some of you have already done this in this program, but you get to do it again I love an exercise no matter what kind of planning I'm doing that starts with a little bit of history here called the six-word story Legend has it that years ago Or in a standing way was having lunch with friends and they made a bet with him that he couldn't write the six-word of story Of course, he did the bet and of course he came up with something amazing And his story legend has it was for sale baby shoes never worn Pretty hard to top that Apparently the story is not true, but it's such a good one that we have to keep telling it and also adapt it so I love asking people what is your six-word vision whatever context that happens to be and I'm going to clear these responses because we tested it earlier I want to ask you that right now even if you've already give us a given us one Take a moment and give us your six-word vision right now for Vermont's designation programs You can cheat on this one if you have more than one go ahead and give us two or three And as you share your six-word visions, we're going to start to see them popping up on the stage Of course What's up? It'll start coming in. It just takes a second a little lap More housing more money more access Growth is okay now I have some mathematical challenge going on here. That's okay All towns big and small thriving Communities thrive when we gather denser walkable affordable housing Healthy equitable communities innovative innovating and growing create housing for Vermont's future Infrastructure investment Trump's small-town politics vibrant communities with opportunities for all Nothing about us without us vibrant creative connected places for all Act 250 still sprawl. What's next? Growing old in a dense walkable community. I love that little cheat there. I caught that More homes cost money raised taxes Create environments for people to succeed Help more climate resilient housing plan for our uncertain future today Working landscape balanced with compact centers more housing and resilient safe centers Welcome home. You belong here, too Pre-existing frameworks for affordable green lifestyles Growth must be climate smart simpler more housing green growth easy helpful and results meaningful outcomes Keep Vermont wonderful with future planning Intentionality and inclusion for resilient progress These are going to keep coming in I can tell you sharing a lot and unfortunately We can't spend the whole time, but we are capturing every single one of them We will share them back out so that you can read the ball Feel free to keep typing them for a minute here if you want to we'll cut it off in a second These are amazing part of what we're doing in this process is capturing every one of these individual visions six-word visions that we can capture and Then taking a look at what they'll mean when we start putting them together So I'm going to cut it off finish your last thought here for a second If you have more that you did not get to type in we're going to give you sticky notes in a minute because we are here And plan after all and you can share more six-word visions on your sticky notes I do want to share with you some that have come in already that have been pretty powerful though Vermont more than flannel and maple syrup Vibrant communities surrounded by healthy landscape Vibrant communities supported by easy button Public infrastructure investments in water and sewer Opportunity choice and prosperity for everyone Beautiful creative multimodal healthy thriving communities Fewer programs more benefits less hassle Black and brown people finally owning homes Vermont achieves affordable housing for all residents Vermont strong for all always That is just a sample There are more and more and more and they're beautiful and creative and challenging There is something interesting when we start to look at them all There are different layers of them We put them all together and some of the really common expected words pop up in those word clouds again Not all that surprising although maybe there are a few surprising words here But we can actually start to tease out several different layers of vision And this is going to help shape our work for the rest of the day We see a few different things. We see some of these statements that are really about why we're here today Why are we even doing this work of designations and gathering to spend the day here at Randolph Center? Some of them are a little bit more about how Vermont will grow and evolve how it should how it must how we want it to and Some of them are really specifically about what the designation program should do and be and become Here's a snapshot of what we see around what those designation programs should be it might be things like village centers Reimagined to include infill or one designation all land included Fewer programs more benefits less hassle that would go in that category Public infrastructure investments in water and sewer I will say of all the thousands of six word visions. I've collected and planning that is probably the first one that mentioned sewer But here we are We're going to dig into those in the afternoon deep dive The house or about how Vermont needs to address really important themes ahead By the well-planned places affordable housing investing in watersheds saving towns Achieving complete streets in every Vermont town art and creativity infused in everything This is what we're going to dig into next in this morning deep dive But before we do we just want to spend a couple more minutes honing in on this big why of really why we're all here Why are we even investing in designations and spending time on these big topics? What do we see for our future in Vermont and these are a few snapshots of those powerful why's that we saw vibrant communities surrounded by healthy landscape or supported by that easy button Connected and livable Growth but make it sustainable and equitable equitable multimodal beautiful creative healthy love living thriving communities Connected and unique robust downtowns about So I'm going to be a couple last poll questions here before we really put you to work at your tables So pick up those phones again The first one is to take a look at those visions that I just shared Of course, they are just a sampling of what we pulled out of all of them But they represent an interesting snapshot and we're curious out of those nine or so Which of those why is filled the closest to you to why we're really all here today? So take a minute What's an easy button? I think that was an idea suggested by somebody who's here today Does that person want to explain or own up to it? I This is a product that staples actually sells it's a big red button that says easy and theoretically You push it and all your problems go away though. I've not quite found that to be the case So yes, if we all have that easy button So pick pick up the three of these that you feel are closest to what our why might be or other If you feel like none of them are not that any of these are right, but we're curious which ones get closest right now Take about another 10 seconds on this 9 7 6 5 4 3 2 and 1 Let's see what you said All right, we have a real winner out of that lead here vibrant community surrounded by a healthy landscape No accident. I'm sure that is really our state planning goal in a nutshell And a lot of others right there in the middle of it all feel very important to people So the very last challenge I'm gonna give you before we go into deep dive is A total experiment. I'm gonna admit and it may be complete chaos and not work at all, but it'll be fun to try We're gonna give you a chance given what you see here where the energy is So definitely vibrant communities surrounded by healthy landscape There's a lot of love for that easy button connected in unique robust downtowns about Opportunity choice prosperity for everyone Growth but sustainable and equitable. These are all getting some good support We're gonna do our best effort to rewrite this and come up with something awesome in about one minute And the way we're gonna do this is we're gonna give you a chance to do that open-ended response again So you type in your best shot But when you do everybody else gets an up vote and down vote button along with it So any idea that you see getting typed in you can vote it up You can vote it down and you'll instantly get a chance to see which ones are getting voted up You might say okay. Yeah, I see what people like. I'm gonna take a stab at rewriting that and We'll see if we can get any closer to something really really good We have one minute until I need to start the instructions for the next activity So I'm gonna start my timer and you can go and we'll see what we get to at the end There you go. We see the first ones coming in walkable places of money Vibrant communities I see an up vote down though three ups Going crazy five ups for money nine for walkable places Seven for money Well, here comes vibrant communities from the bottom Embracing older and historic communities thrive or die. That sounds like New Hampshire's in the room Money's coming back from behind Vibrant resilient communities for all lively communities with healthy landscapes coming up Center inclusion and diversity. Okay, some new ideas creeping up here. All right. We got 30 seconds left Vibrant resilient communities for all is getting up there, but walkable places is way up at the top Is that where it's gonna land? And we've got ten up. No, we don't I said, okay, that's it walkable places interesting All right So that gives you an interesting snapshot into where the energy is in the room as we go into our first deep dive session It's about 11 o'clock. We're still gonna have lunch at 12 30 We're gonna do a report out rapid report out in fact at 12 15 So that means we've got about an hour and 15 minutes to introduce what you're gonna be doing at tables and Go do a really great activity Well, some sleeper was still coming in people up voting here while I'm talking. I'm gonna shut you off So at your tables, we're gonna do it's called a deep dive which means you are gonna go deep into some big Questions for the next hour 15 minutes or so But I want to introduce you to you what we're doing So we just did the why now we're gonna go back to those how's those big themes that we know are really really important to the future of Vermont to what's coming at us when we look to 2050 things that we know the Designation programs need to address or at least need to consider and these are the topics on your table signs Right here some of the six-word visions just a few that really helped shape what we might want to see out of these topics interesting though breaking news coming right now from Randolph Center Vermont a student experiment unfortunately works Time machine instantly transports all of Randolph Center to the year 2050 a Little scary hold on. This is actually good news Not only to 2050 But to the annual designation summit in 2050, so you were right where you should be in fact and Vermont is probably looking a whole lot rosier than you ever thought it would in 2050 Vermont is a place where all the people are engaged Where all the historic buildings are beautiful Where all the downtowns are strong and filled with affordable housing for all people Not only that but all the flood plains and village parks are helping to protect the villages and downtowns from climate hazards All people have the opportunity to thrive and start businesses and find economic opportunity And no place is left behind no matter how small or how remote And if that is not enough for you at the end of every Crosswalk in Vermont and there are many now There are unicorns and rainbows It doesn't get better than this and is all thanks to the designation programs In fact the designation programs have succeeded so wildly That there is now a daily news fever Devoted just to sharing all the amazing news that is coming out about the designation programs That would be the wrong designation day and In the year 2050 you were all back here in Randolph Center invited as guest editors to help write the front page front page news of this anniversary edition Celebrating the reform of the designation programs and that summit way back in 2023 that started it all You're here to dig in specifically to these key topics and themes Because the designation programs have moved the needle on every single one of them and have helped to achieve the progress that we wanted to see Climate resilience and adaptation housing access and growth diversity equity opportunity all of these amazing topics Now your tasks sitting at tables with these leaders is To write this front page news and to make the best front page edition of the designation times the Vermont has ever seen And by the way, it is now the top daily in Vermont. The circulation is pretty amazing So at your tables over the next hour or so You're gonna write a really bold headline about your topic if you're sitting at the designation type or I'm sorry That's afternoon if you're sitting at the climate resilience and adaptation table Write an amazing headline about what happens when the designation program is just completely managed to move the needle on that or Housing or business growth, whatever your topic happens to be You're gonna help us identify what the impacts and outcomes actually look like if designation programs really do make an impact in these areas What is it that we're seeing? What are those top goals and outcomes and indicators that we're gonna notice in the year 2050 if we really do this, right? We're gonna have you write 10 on the poster and write the top five that we should really be aiming for and looking at And then at the part where we honestly have no idea what you're gonna come up with but we cannot wait to see Is this map down at the bottom of livability Valley? Which is the prime poster child of designation success in 2050? This value right here in Vermont has taken those reformed designation programs and put them to work and has seen progress on so many fronts all because we have reformed those programs and made an impact in choosing The way to structure them The way to align benefits with the work and action that needs to happen to move the needle on these topic areas So we're gonna look to you To help us shape this great map on the front page news and show us what has actually happened on the ground in livability Since those reformed programs were put to work What are the changes we're seeing in what types of places? What activities and benefits and where are activities and things not happening? Thanks to the designation programs You have 75 minutes. I mentioned that you have a village You have lots of supplies that I'll show you in a minute And you have a resource team which is all the smart with America staff Department of Housing and Community Development staff And you have lunch waiting. So you have to do a really good job and get this done if you want to have lunch Let me give you a little deeper introduction to what you have on your tables right now You have a packet of materials that contains a little bit more about your mission and what lies ahead So I'll let you go in a minute You can open this up You do not have table facilitators. It is your collective job as your table village to move your group through this process There are ten key roles that we think really make the difference in moving your group forward and in your packet You'll find a list of these, but you'll also find a packet of individual cards It'll look something like this So we're gonna ask your groups to sign all of those roles You may not have ten people at your table, which means of course some of you're gonna have to wear multiple hats Which will make you feel right at home Here are a few obstacles to what they are you might be the librarian which is the keeper of the resource materials You're gonna find some handouts and resources in these packets That you may not want to use right now You might you might want to turn to them It's your librarians job to keep them handy and pull them out and say hey, this might be handy to our discussion You'll have a shopkeeper who's in charge of all the goodies We're about to give you like sticky notes and foam shapes and pipe cleaners and all kinds of fun things that will make your work fun You have a meta whose job it is to keep an eye on the overall goal And make sure that you're moving toward what you need to do that everybody's getting a chance to participate in way You'll have a timekeeper whose job it is to keep an eye on the agenda and make sure that you're staying on track with these sessions You'll have an artist or a scribe Every planning process is better when there's a creative at the table So if you're the kind of person who likes to draw and sketch or model or make things or you just have really good handwriting And you can transfer things on the poster neatly that might be a good role for you You should have a mechanic who's somebody who can fix things if you're going wrong at your table That might mean helping the group make a decision. You'll get some dots.  Whatever's going wrong your mechanic can help set up right Every table should absolutely have a note taker If folks could listen up for a sec before you get too excited about your table rolls, that would be awesome I promise you can do it in just a minute Note taker is really important because you are capturing main ideas on your poster But you're gonna be saying a whole lot more and we really want to hear the details You also will not have time in the next hour and 15 minutes to have the level of conversation That will make everybody feel great about getting the consensus. I'm sorry. I wish we had that time, but we do not So we know there may be people who will not agree with everything that gets added to your poster Who do not agree with every conclusion and we want to hear those points of disagreement We want to make sure that every voice is captured That's the reporter's job and everyone else please feel free to write a note and stick it in an envelope If there's something you feel is important to say that does not make it on your group's poster Every table should have a kid. We always want you that these events so put on your 10-year-old hat Your job is to question everything Ask why ask how dig deeper ask all kinds of questions at your table out of curiosity You will have a preacher in other words the person at the end Who is responsible for getting up and in 10 words or less conveying a powerful headline about your group success? We will have a rapid report out which literally means one minute per table So this person is charged with putting some great words down and sharing them out just that quick headline We're gonna post up all of your headline front page news posters so that at lunch You can all walk around and see them in detail and put some stickers on to show us what you love and what you don't But we want to hear that headline from everybody And every group may want to have a busy body or spy or a task rabbit or whatever you want to call this person Who's free to float around and check out what other tables are doing or ask for ideas or come and check out the Supply tables in the back We're gonna give you some materials on your table, but we've got a whole lot more So if there are other resources or information doc you're looking for you want more scratch sheets things like that Come see us in the back and we will help you out You will get some more Worksheets and things like that that you can play with at your tables if you want to do draft versions Your table cloths are made of paper So please write on them and scratch them up and we make diagrams and work on that together We've got loads of newsprint in the background I'm just gonna quickly go through what we suggest each group do in terms of moving through these activities I want to repeat this is a suggestion This is your time and this is your village and you can do what you want to reach the end goal But you have a suggested agenda that you can work through if you like you can also abandon it And work through this the way you want Our suggestion is that you take five minutes just to get organized to choose your roles if you haven't done so Do your inspections if you haven't done so Then spend about 20 minutes on those impacts and outcomes and really articulate if we see amazing progress in 2050 what is that going to look like we want to hear what success looks like in your topic area if Designation programs succeed and then you're going to end up writing those ten on the paper and ranking your top five We suggest you might read some sample outcomes that are in your pocket what we've heard throughout this process This is not our team's lens of saying these are most important. They are truly just a sample You might go around and use sticky notes and each write a couple of top ones that you think are important And then cluster them and find some themes and see where you agree and write them on your poster So that's 20 minutes for that We suggest you spend about 40 minutes on that map exercise really taking a look at the map and having some Thoughtful wonderful conversations to say where would we draw some lines? Where should the designation programs be and invest and what kind of projects or activities should happen? To move our outcomes forward Where should they not happen? Which places should be outside the lines if any maybe it's not Again, you could take some time individually to brainstorm what you think should happen in those places to do your own Versions of maps or do it in small groups and then come back together to share By the end try to get to one version of a map that you can all pretty much agree on and give us a legend The little foam shapes that you're getting are great for a key if you want to do that to represent certain types of things like the multi-family housing or a certain type of industrial development or maybe it's something like Plenty resilience work, but do what you like. These are your maps. You can scratch up the base map and change it however you like Last really share back and align yourself as a group again discuss. What do you agree on? What do you not agree on and capture all of it? By the end write that final headline That is what you do last that is what your preacher can help with if that's the person who has the best words You can all work on that together But write an amazing headline because that is the 10 word statement You're going to get up and share with everybody else in our rapid report up in the end We want to collect everything back from you all your scratch work all your sticky notes So that we can harness all the great nuggets that happens All right I'm going to put up the first section again. We're going to be wandering around to give you more help and information I'll give you warnings at the big benchmarks like a warning after 25 minutes Warning when you're ready to switch to the maps you can of course be on different timing But just to let you know where you are Have a great time in your village in 2050 and we'll see you back in 2023 for lunch very soon Of your conversation Give us some good notes that end up in that envelope so that we can read more about what you talked about All right, five minutes to finish up and then we'll call you up here to report out and go to lunch Lunch is ready and waiting We need somebody from every table to come on up ready to report out I think we have a handful No Okay, we're gonna let the first people who are ready come up Let's ask everybody else for attention, please We won't get started until we have some quiet so that we can hear everybody's headlines and We won't get you to lunch until we hear that lines. I think we're gonna have Yep, everybody come up Okay, I think we're getting there with two lines. So we'll just go one at a time. So those of you who are presenting Listen up books. If you're presenting you really get ten words or less Okay, we're gonna keep you to it because everybody wants to go to lunch So tell us your biggest goal this awesome headline Don't forget to tell us which group you were as well if that is not clear from your headline Okay, and come up speak really close in the microphone so everyone can hear you Hello, I was a transportation livability table 14. Maybe yeah table 14 great table So our headline is the following Vermont villages and town centers are two places not through places That's it. I'll go next you were table six or four whenever we were a business in economic development some of us came from six so we summed up our various sticky notes and points into very simply You can get there live there and work there Thank you Well, we were the climate resilience and adaptation group and our headline is after third superstorm of the summer unaffected Vermont sends feds home So we were with transportation with the building table 15 and our title was people get it Transportation for all makes all places better Table 16 housing growth and access Vermont grows with housing that meets the needs of all From the greatest table in the room here Housing growth and access headline is that there is a Vermont's the best best place for all to live so we were table 12 and rule lands smart growth and conservation and The headline is conservation pay-off downtown celebrates 20 years of flood-free living So we were a table one and climate resilience and our headline was one million Vermonters safe and sound after record-breaking rings We were taken to climate resilience and adaptation and Our headline is 1000 year flood briefly disrupts lunch hour We were the other housing growth and access table and after a long long Discussion about a very creative headline. We went with housing supply meets demand in new designated areas So we were table five economic development Vermont supports local businesses and workers achieve adaptive and fair communities Historic and creative places that table and our line is everything old is new and sustainable again You are going to get to those amazing headlines. That was really remarkable work I thank you all for bearing with some complexity in that exercise. I know that was a challenge And we can't wait to really explore all the incredible ideas that you put together on paper for us I can't wait for you all to go and explore some of these ideas So just very practically speaking it is lunch time We hope you enjoy about 45 minutes off to eat and mingle and network and check out these designs in part because it's fun But in part because all of these ideas are going to influence what we do after lunch, too So do take some time to check them out You're going to find some red and green and yellow sticky dots because we need dots again today the planning conference So take those as you walk through and if you see an idea that you like on a poster put a green dot next to it If you see something you don't think is right put a red one if you wish you wash you put a yellow one You are welcome to do that on your way over to lunch as we form a line If you ordered a special lunch or told us that you had a dietary restriction Head to the right and there are some special lunges on the way if they're not quite here yet Alice will help you out here. Okay, great And otherwise dig in and joy some lunch from downtown Randall of spine as to be as Without at the end of lunch We are going to ask you to help us out by going to your next table So we'll give you the prompt to kind of clear up and we'll reset and get ready to go by 15 Jerry, did you have anything else? Okay, enjoy lunch


How's it going forex traders? Welcome back to yet another amazing video from yours truly Dapo. Guys anytime I come back on YouTube I'm always so excited because it is absolutely amazing to be able to be connecting with amazing traders like yourself. Now if you're just joining me for the first time like I said my name is Dapo Willis. I'm probably one of the most realistic traders you would ever come across on the internet. Why? Because I practice exactly what I preach. Every strategy that I teach on my channel I use it in my life trading as well which I'm going to show you guys in a bit. Now because of the fact that I always practice whatever thing it is that I preach I have a segment on my youtube channel called Trader Talk. Now if you've been following me for the longest you already know what Trader Talk but if you're just joining me for the first time Trader Talk is basically a segment of my youtube channel whereby I come to express my skills. I've been trading for 10 for 12 years sorry. All everything I've learned over the last 12 years I come to express it on the charts and I use my expertise to analyze the charts and help you guys ultimately make money and put some money in your freaking pocket right. So guys today we have episode 50 of Trader Talk. Yay 50 50 whole episodes of Trader Talk. Guys we've come a very long way and I'm very excited about that. Now guys today I want to be discussing some pairs. I'm going to be breaking down some from trading instruments that you guys can use to obviously go and make money in the market. But before I do any of that I just wanted to say a quick shout out to every single one of you. All my subscribers we are probably about 122,000 subscribers. I love every single one of you and if you're just joining me for the first time welcome to a community, a forex trading community where you can actually make money like realistically make money. Now before I jump into my charts and start talking about all the amazing setups that can obviously help us make money in the coming weeks I have a massive announcement. I have amazing news to share with you guys. Guys we have recently just partnered with a regulated broker to launch our very own prop firm called Willis Capital. Now I know a lot of you guys have already heard about Willis Capital but we spoke about the launch but we had to push the launch back because we wanted to get the very best trading conditions for you guys and as God would have it we have successfully partnered with a regulated broker. Now the reason why it took so long like I was saying earlier is because I was very very adamant about partnering with a regulated broker. I noticed that most of the prop firms out there actually are not partnered with a regulated broker so what's actually happening is these prop firms were placing trades in-house. Most of the live trades were not being placed in the live market and at the end of the day if you make any money trading they don't get to pay you out. This was the primary and fundamental issue with most prop firms so I decided that when I going to do my own thing called Willis Capital I'm going to put you guys first. I've always had the notion in this industry that if you put the traders first it's a win-win for everybody okay.  No, I believe that if we place these trades on a live market it's more money for us. Why? Because there's a 70-30 split meaning that if we encourage you, train you, get you to a point of profitability and we fund you with a hundred thousand dollars for example and you make a hundred percent on that you keep 70k and we get 30k. That's more money than it would ever make from subscription. So it's very straightforward and simple for me. Traders win, we win. If the traders don't win, we don't win. This way we're committed to ensuring that you guys pass your challenges, get funded and actually start making money. Now talking about getting funded and how to pass your challenges I would encourage every single one of you who is about to buy the challenge so we'll be launching about the first week of January. Now if you're going to go ahead and buy the challenge and actually start trading these live funds or you want to actually be able to pass the challenges, we have something called the Forex Mastery Program. The Forex Mastery Program has the top-down analysis and this is the same approach that I've been teaching and been using to analyze this market and this is how we're right nine out of ten times. So long story short, if you want to stand any chance at passing those challenges, you want to stand any chance at being able to get funded and actually making money, I suggest that you get your foundational knowledge from the Forex Mastery Program. It's the top-down analysis because this will not only allow you pass the challenges, it would allow you to trade as many instruments as you want and with the rules on Willis Capital we're making it very relaxed, there's no time limit, you can hold your trades for as long as you want to hold the trades because at the end of the day the top-down analysis actually preaches sustainable trading. Sustainable trading whereby you project a thousand pips, so it's simple, you buy your challenge, you watch the Forex Mastery course, you take the Forex Mastery course, you see a setup over a thousand pips, you get into the trade, have a 70-pip stop loss and you can hold that trade for as long as you want to hold the trade. Yes, but primarily you need to get the Forex Mastery Program so that you have the foundational knowledge. The reason why once again the Forex Mastery course is around here somewhere, the link is going to be in the description.  I want to have more pass rates and at the end of the day I'm taking one million US dollars of my own money so I need to ensure that you guys are actually very well equipped to trade these funds. I don't want to hear any stories so if you haven't grabbed the Forex Mastery Program I encourage you to do so the link is in the description as always or it's going to be around here. Start practicing, start watching and if you already have it, Forex Mastery's program students go back and watch it all over again so that once we launch in the new year, you're ready to take on the new year. Without any further ado, once again the link to the Forex Mastery Program is around here somewhere. Get it and let's jump into the video. Let's use the top-down analysis and what we've learned from the Forex Mastery Program to make some money.  Let's go guys. Let's go. Let's go. All right people, welcome.  So I'm going to kick things off with... All right people, time for some charts okay. You guys had everything I had to say obviously in the intro of this video.  We analyzed this trade from when it was all the way up here, when it was retracing. We plotted and we knew it was going to come here. We saw the, before the bounce happened, we saw the bounce. When everybody was scared like oh my god it's falling, it's dying, it's going, we knew. Forex Mastery students we knew. Now guys I'm about to jump into my chart. I'm about to you know cut over some very interesting pairs, training opportunities for you guys as well. I think I have one training opportunity on AUTUSD for you guys but before I jump into my charts to do anything you guys need to do yourself one favor and hit the subscribe button right there. Smash that subscribe button. You want to know why? You want to know why so that you don't get left out whenever it is. I post amazing videos like this okay. So you don't get left out when I'm posting videos like this because at the end of the day if I post this video today and you watch it next week is of no use to you because the market is always moving. So I'll give you five seconds to smash the subscribe button. Five, smash it. Four, three, two, one and hit the bell icon. Hit the bell icon so that you get when I post you get it. Yes and I was going to ask guys drop me a comment down below in drop me a comment drop a comment down below and tell me out of all the prop firm packages which one would you guys actually prefer would you want the $10,000 account $25,000 account 58k account because we actually wanted to go all the way up to 500k account but my team was like me so you guys are you guys are the ones that are going to be trading this account tell me which one would you be comfortable trading with so drop the comment down below so that I know but then my team is going to go through it and then obviously they're going to have so we're going to have five packages so we want to know which account size is to put so drop the comment down below now without any further ado let's look at what's happening in the charts let's look so starting off with my favorite pair at the moment which is the S&P 500 the S&P 500 like I analyzed last week not much has actually happened but as you guys can see very nicely and very clearly this is simple price action tactics okay what actually happened here was very simple all I did was spotted high high and high low okay it was so simple straightforward Fibonacci ABC we retraced into here if you don't know what I'm talking about I'm going to show you guys fib retracement into the 50 fib and as you can see we had a left shoulder head right shoulder once that broke out we're heading all the way to the upside now I'm very optimistic about the S&P 500 going all the way up to four thousand eight hundred dollars not four thousand eight hundred dollars four thousand eight hundred basis points would because you guys all know fundamental laws of price action is once we have a once we have a high we have a low we have a high high high low we must at least come and put in equal highs so this will be my first level target overall my entries are somewhere down here why are my entries there it was such a simple it's actually one of the most simple trees I've actually seen in a very long time this was the trend line at the time the market was still trading about here we had anticipated a rally to the upside but obviously we came short of the upside which is here started to pull back I put my trend line and then this was the neckline don't forget guys this is a head and shoulder pattern left shoulder head right shoulder and this was now acting as neckline which is now support right and then if you just take your Fibonacci from swing low to swing high this is known as the Willis zone I teach this on module six on the Forex mastery program so this is exactly how you're able to predict four thousand one hundred all the way up to four thousand eight hundred so this is nine hundred pips nine hundred potential pips but when I tell people I project thousands of pips into the future they're like yeah it's talking rubbish I did it right here go to trade or talk episode this is 50 so if you go about the scale back two episodes about that we that's exactly when the market was just still kind of like pulling down into here so there's not much to talk about here I'm going to be taking out some of my money at this hundred percent retracement which is here take out some of my money here and then if you break all the way up to the upside I'm going to take out some of my money here and then the rest of it I'm going to allow it rally all the way to the upside my overall target for the S&P 500 is this sorry guys no not BTC sorry just need to delete everything supposed to be simple on street four don't know why you are stressing me trading with you all right cool so overall target obviously will be at the extension not point 27 extension if indeed we bridge the four thousand eight hundred basis points so it's so simple on street four you guys know how the market works if it's a fifty fair pull we must definitely come and complete the 0.28 extension so I'm splitting S&P 500 and all the way up there's unfortunately there's no trading opportunities as we speak I am already in this trade so I'm just going over what exactly I feel is going to happen and then over to BTC BTC has done a very fantastic we're about to embark on the bull run if I'm being very honest the bull run is looking very likely if I come on the monthly timeframe yes so the bull run is looking very very likely to the upside like I was saying I'm anticipating BTC to come in at forty seven thousand dollars per coin right now I have no trading opportunities on BTC because this is a consolidation that I cannot interpret okay sometimes the market just gives you consolidation rules are you just cannot interpret right now I'm not I'm not comfortable trading trading opportunities like this I'm more of a pullback trader because with pullbacks it's easier for you to identify entry points you can do your countertrendler and then boom you have entries you have stop loss areas and all that but this one looks a bit overstretched okay I don't want to jump into buys and then we pull in a bit deep before we head higher but once I see a decent opportunity for us to jump in for a buy I'll be letting you guys know somebody was saying in the comment that I did some of my analysis and I did not speak about where I entered the truth is I do a lot of analysis just to help me have clarity in terms of where the market is going to go then from all the analysis I now handpick the ones that have the most the easiest entries okay just because BTC is going to go to $47,000 per coin does not mean I'm just going to click a buy because you can get stopped out before the market heads in your direction so I need a situation whereby we pull back and give a need to show me an entry pattern that I like to trade if you're struggling with the entry strategy get the forex mastery program once again the link is in the description as always in module seven I speak about entries and exits so you can obviously learn my entry strategy is very very conservative and you save your love money and make your love money as well okay so right now my criteria for entry has not been met on BTC so I can only watch to see what is happening but I can tell you for free that BTC will be rallying up to $47,000 per coin provided nothing to serious shakes it up also from a sentimental standpoint I read on the news that the CEO of Binance had stepped down I think something happened under his watch whereby it was a bit of a neglect on his part I'm not sure if it was intentional or not but I think he stepped down in order to save the Bitcoin boron because Bitcoin a lot of people have had their entire life savings wiped out from this crash okay so at least we're starting to pop back up a bit technically speaking I see in fact there was one of the guys this industry is crazy this market is actually crazy there's one guy he used to live in Dubai before I moved to Dubai I used to watch his videos on YouTube and it was actually he was actually one of the main reasons I actually moved to Dubai because I got to see how beautiful Dubai was from his YouTube channel you know and I was really wowed as to how beautiful this city was but I don't know I think since Bitcoin crashed I haven't the guy's deleted his Instagram TikTok even you do know what it is for I mean you can delete your Instagram and be like okay and I don't want social media distraction okay you can delete your TikTok I don't want to be distracted by TikTok but for you to go as far as deleting your YouTube channel you're running away from somebody so a lot of crypto traders is in mess sms so hopefully this boron crypto if you're a crypto guy have have some faith we're looking like they might be putting in the boron at least the 47k okay if we clear that level hopefully you have some you have some some respite to the upside you know and this technically is looking like a higher high from here so inshallah we can push all the way to the upside but for BTC for the seven thousand dollars per coin I don't have an entry just about yet once I do I will let you know now over to my next favorite pair which I have been been been short for the longest time I checked my my trading account and that of my investors as well you guys know I manage well over 150 million US dollars for investors so I've been massively short on AUD USD most of my trades are in profit however I was in massive profit just about last week in October and then checked it again middle of November and profits were looking nice however we have boosted against the trend okay so guys the truth is these things happen I saw people stressing AUD USD guys that means if you're stressing about AUD USD that means you haven't learned anything from me at least because you would understand that dude do your analysis and have some faith have some what have some faith my brothers have some faith okay the market is pointing downwards allow it do its thing you need to take its time allow the market what take its time to do its thing so I'll simply come on the daily time frame see guys let me explain some to you okay aside from this resistance bar there's another support level here which is now resistance this is a lot of people didn't see now if I do my fib from swing look swing high to swing low you can see how this region is actually a 50 fib region so we have resistance we have resistance we have trend line and we have 50 fib let me clay it out so that you guys are not seeing too many lines I'm just gonna make it pretty clear for you guys okay delete all this stuff so this is a high low lower high and this is a lower low from here so why exactly and it's looking like once put in a lower high about here so why exactly the hell am I going to be panicking for goodness sake that's wild the only way I'm going to panic is if we blow through here all the way to this resistance for now still intact all my cell orders are still the way they are not touching it if we come in here I'll be looking for another cell opportunity guys I know this trend has taken the longest time to make his way to the downside but that's just how the market can be sometimes especially when there's not that much liquidity in the forex market okay so I'm still very much short AUD USD I'll be looking for a push into here for a potential sell to the downside I will need a bounce a bearish engulfing candle bounce to the downside somewhere about here then I'm looking for sell opportunity so simple and straightforward you don't need to cry you don't need to cry so easy it's so easy you just need a bit of you know be able to stomach a bit of pullbacks if you can stomach pullbacks in this game you'd be good trust me you'd be good so that's AUD USD in a nutshell trading opportunity lining up pretty much about here I'll give it another seven days I'll give you another seven days for you to line up pretty nicely for a nice downside push I have no fear in my mind it's looking like a third touch of the trend line which should do the trick finally for this shit to go to the downside so yeah that's AUD USD for the euro and GBP USD as you can see I told you guys the market is looking bearish however this blue bar was going to be a problem and as God we have it the blue bar bounce the market back up so we expect to see some sideways action expect to see some sideways action I'm not the type of trader that's going to sell I don't sell at resistance I only sell when there's a trend there's a flow I will need this blue bar to be broken up as long as we're trading below this in between this yellow bar and this blue bar I would not be interested because there's no it's 50-50 you can sell and it can go up or you can you can sell it can go down or you can buy and break off this and it gets here so I don't like to I'm trading a lot of money managing significant amount of money for very very influential and wealthy and dangerous people so the last thing I want to be doing is playing around anybody's you know anybody's fortunes okay and this also helps me stay disciplined when I'm trading my own personal funds as well which I always trade alongside my investor's money and the same thing is happening for GBP USD as you can see the patterns are pretty much the same okay they are both very strong US dollar based pairs um so yeah not much happening here I mean with my pushing to the yellow bar about it's boring you can trade it but it's 50-50 you'll be in and out make money lose money I'm not really interested in stuff like that US oil somebody said one guy came in my comment and he said something like oh he didn't talk about oil he said oil was going to go higher he didn't go higher he didn't talk about it again haha you are a failure dude have some sense have some sense out of everything I speak about is the one that does not go according to plan you are so upset with me about my brother clearly I am not your problem I think you need to check with your village people it's not me it's not me that's your problem so obviously I was anticipating a US oil to shoot all the way to a hundred dollars per barrel but the thing about US oil is US oil is not just 100% fundamental it's not just 100% technical based so we can have a clear direction and then some oil tanker that is probably moving through the swiss canal or through the brink of Gibraltar or going somewhere or going passing through Somalia you know gets freaking attacked by some people that attacked shit do you know what I'm saying like and then they're like oh oil this blah blah blah or maybe Saudi Arabia decides to boost production that could make oil prices crash so you can be bullish on oil and the Saudi oil mini size just comes out and says yeah I'm boosting production and then boom the market starts to crash so oil is a bit more tricky however I was projecting at a hundred dollars per barrel according to my technical analysis I did not have an entry at the time I remember I always give clear criterias for entries if I remember very carefully my criteria for entry was that we needed to bounce off of here and in common clear here for further upside that didn't happen and as you can see we've just rolled over all the way to the downside which is absolutely fine as well it's nothing to cry about that is why we have what rules of engagement this is why I preach the forex mastery program because on there you have it's not just about entry and exit and strategy we have ideologies in place that would save you even when the trade is looking very juicy there are certain things that must happen because a trade can look very juicy and not end up being freaking juicy it's those parameters those rules that you have set in place to guide your entry strategy that will ultimately save you because they are set ups every day what do you have in place to ensure that you are picking the very best setups do you know what I mean so that's pretty much it so for oil ladies and gentlemen I have no bias at the moment I just wanted to touch on it because the guy said something about it and that's fine you know one thing about me before when I used to see negative comments on my social media it gets so upset like skew but these days I mean you can't expect to have a hundred and twenty two thousand subscribers and have fifty sixty seventy thousand people watching you and expect everybody to like you it's not possible and that goes for everybody that's watching this as well regardless of whatever thing it is you're doing in life you will never ever ever be able to please people you can't please everybody even Jollof rice some people don't like Jollof rice you gotta be like some people don't like Birkaboy some people prefer Davido to Birkaboy you know what I'm saying like some people prefer Birkaboy to Davido some people don't like Whiskey some people like Whiskey they don't like Davido they hate Birkaboy so like guys at the end of the day you know who you are you're chatting your own course you have your obligations you have the obligation to your customers you have your obligation to your audience you have your obligation to the people that love you fuck people that don't like you and love the people that love you embrace them so I do this for my loyal followers people who've been following me from when I had just 100 subscribers barely had any views we've grown this channel to 120k I do this for you guys okay and I'll continue to do this for you guys as you can see I've put one million dollars of my own money aside I've literally put it in an escrow account with the bank to ensure that Willis Capital is a success not only am I giving guys quality education I'm giving you guys one of the best prop firms out there okay so once again if you've been writing with me for the longest I love you very much once again this is my time with the analysis and everything and I'll catch you guys in my subsequent videos I love you guys very much take it easy and yeah I have a little ad that I wanted to share with you guys from OctaFX they've been sponsoring the channel for the longest so I just wanted to throw in a quick ad there they have some cool stuff that they want to tell you about they've done some changes to their name and to their training platform so please watch it and if you like OctaFX go ahead and rock with them I'll catch you guys in my subsequent videos let's go to the app and I'll see you guys later let's go how's it going everyone so guys today I have some very exciting stuff to share with you guys I'll be introducing you guys to a fantastic trading tool called the Octa trading app but first a little update from obviously very amazing partner OctaFX so they've actually changed your name from OctaFX to Octa right so this is then obviously everywhere you're going to see where you see OctaFX before it's no longer going to be OctaFX it's going to be called OctaFX now this change reflects their expanded range of financial services yes they now offer over 300 trading instruments including commodities, stocks, 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miss out on this opportunity to potentially earn some extra income in your ordinary life happy trading every single one of you love you guys now let's go back to the video let's go thank you guys for staying to the very end of this video I love you guys very very much once again if you haven't already subscribed to the channel and sure to do so and don't forget to anticipate willis capitals launch in january once again if you haven't already grabbed the forex mastery program the link is in the description as always I'll catch you guys in my subsequent videos I love you guys very much in peace