theCUBE's live coverage is made possible by funding from Dell Technologies, creating technologies that drive human progress. Good evening from Fira Barcelona in Spain. It's Lisa Martin and Dave Vellante. We are covering with theCUBE MWC23. This is day three, three full days almost of coverage we've given you and don't worry, we've got a great conversation next and another day tomorrow. We're going to be talking with SingTel and Dell next about 5G network slicing, sexy stuff. Please welcome Dennis Wong, VP, Enterprise, 5G and platform from SingTel. And Douglas Lieberman is back with us, our alumni global senior director, VTM and co-creation services, telecom systems business at Dell. Welcome guys, great to have you. Thank you for having us. So Dennis, go ahead and start with you. Talk to the audience about SingTel. You've got a unique insight into some of the challenges 5G brings and the opportunities. What is SingTel seeing there? I think from a SingTel perspective, I think 5G technology brings about a new era of opportunities for all the enterprises and from big to small. I think that's one thing that we are aiming to do. How do we put technology together? And that's why I think that 5G brings about a lot more capabilities, a lot more parameters that for the new technology, new devices, new services that we can explore. I mean, we are giving ourselves a new opportunity to try something that's better than Wi-Fi, that's better than 4G. So I think that's something very exciting for me. What are some of the challenges that you see that you look to partners like Dell to help wipe off the table? I think one of the things that Dell has been doing very closely with us, I think in terms of the network technology, in terms of the rent, in terms of the kind of virtualization, in terms of marketplace, in terms of ecosystem, they are all over the place. So I think for them, they are not looking at just hardware, they are looking at how to support us as a whole ecosystem to work things together. Yeah, you know, it's interesting because it's maybe an overused term, that everyone talks about 5G being the enterprise G. And really, what's interesting about 5G and where Dell is really able to add value in working with partners like Singtel is the disaggregation of 5G and the open side of it and the ability to take different workloads and customize them because of the fact that the whole packet core and the CU and the DU and that architecture is not locked into a single proprietary architecture allows for customization and injection of workloads and allows enterprises to really tune the network to what their workloads need to be. So I wonder, Dennis, can you take us through the anatomy of a 5G deployment? How does it work? Do you start with a sort of green field, sort of test bed? How do you connect it to your 4G networks? Take us through the process. Maybe I will go through from a customer lens. What does a customer think? And what does a customer feel about when we approach them for 5G? I think for most of the customers who are thinking about 5G, they are usually already having some kind of a services that's running on the current technology. Could be 4G, could be Wi-Fi. One very typical example that I can share with you is that one of the customers, he was saying that I'm having Wi-Fi already. Can you prove to me that 5G is better? So what we did was that we actually rolled out this little proprietary 5G in the box. We call it 5G Genie. A Genie stands for Generating Instant Experience. Very interesting name. We pushed that to the customer place. Within 30 minutes, he set up a 5G connectivity in his area and he tested his performance of his Wi-Fi with the Genie on the spot. And immediately, wow, he see that there's a lot of difference in the performance. Now, so the first part is really about getting the customer to feel that why 5G is truly better? Let them experience it. Then after which, we went through with them. Because of this performance, what does it do to your business? From a productivity perspective, security perspective, safety perspective, and they kind of look at it and say wow, that's where the ROI comes from. Then after which, then it's where I think where Dave says, it comes in whereby then we were designed, if it's a factory, we had to design the coverage in the factory because robots are moving. You want to ensure that every part of the factories have the coverage. So we had to design it, we had to build it, put in all the controls and put in all the devices. And then after which, then all things will go. And of course, from a customer perspective, they will still need to run the application. Need to check that the performance is up to the mark. So I think in all, the 5G journey is not really just about putting the network and hear customer, let's use it. There's a lot of conviction, there's a lot of testing, there's a lot of what we call trial and error with the customer. So that, thank you for that explanation. So that's there, we're going to make a business case and they're going to see immediate performance improvements. Then I presume they're going to start building new applications on top. And then maybe that will negatively affect performance, but that's okay, it's like we were talking about the other day, there's so much data pumping, you get equivalent performance, but so much more capability. So how are you guys thinking about that ultimate layer where that value is, the application, the workloads that are going to be new to these networks? We'll take a step back and talk about, for example, the use case he just talked about, which was in autonomous vehicles or robots inside a factory. It's not that it's just more performance, it's reliable performance and consistent performance, because the difference with a cellular solution, a mobile solution, a 5G solution, then a Wi-Fi is the guaranteed spectrum and the isolated spectrum and the lack of competition for that space. I mean, I tell people this all the time, and you can see it right now, if you were to open your phone and look at all the Wi-Fi hotspots that exist right here, there is an enormous amount of contention for the exact same spectrum, and we're all competing with each other. I can't get into the network. Right, and so the more people that walk past us in this queue, the more that there's going to be interference, and so the performance is not guaranteed. And if you have an automated factory, if you have machines that are moving around a factory, if you have robots that need to work together, you can't afford for it to be great one minute and lousy the next minute. You need consistent, high performance, and that's where these 5G networks and private 5G networks are really, really important, because it's not just about faster. Sometimes it's not all about, can I get it there faster? It's I want it faster but reliably and consistently and make sure I get the same experience every time so that I can then build more intricate and complicated applications. If you have a warehouse that's got autonomous robots, the closer I can have those robots get to each other, it means the more packages I can move or the more wells I can make or the more machine parts I can get out the door because I don't have to build into the, oh my God, I lost wifi connectivity for 10 seconds and everything stops until the connectivity comes back and they can resume. And anybody would choose consistent, predictable performance over spiky performance. And you're saying the technology, you're able to better leverage the spectrum, isolate the spectrum for that specific use case. That is the technology enabler. Maybe I can also give you another perspective. Together with the 5G technology is where the multi-edge computing comes into place. And that's where I think one of the things that we work very closely with Adele as well. Because that is very important. With that compute at the edge means that your latency is low. And like what you say is not just low latency, it's consistently low latency. Today, and let's say in Singapore, Singapore is a very small city. You can travel from one end of the city to the other end in one and a half hour and that's it. Singapore is over. If there's no traffic.  Why would you need an edge? So I'll explain to them. We did a test from a cloud gaming perspective. As we use 4G over the public cloud, it's true that you can get about 10, 15, 20 milliseconds on a good day. But it's on the average, it's about 15, 20 milliseconds. However, you will find that there are times whereby it's back to 150, it's back to 90, it's back to 200. So you can see that it's not just about low latency, it's about consistent low latency. So that's where I think 5G and MEC come as a good pair to make sure that the performance for those factories or what Doug has mentioned, the high performance synchronized services is very important. Beside packing the drones or the robots to go close together, you want it to be synchronized. And if you've seen some of those robots that work together, it's almost synchronized. That's the one thing that dreams that we're going to make sure that we're going to achieve. And then of course on top of all that is security, which is really, really important on all these. I mean, the vulnerabilities of Wi-Fi are well known. There's a hundred different tools that you can download for free to test the security of any Wi-Fi network. I got my VPN and it won't let me on the network. Right, exactly. So the benefit of a 5G solution, a 4G solution is the added layer of security. I'm not saying that it's perfect. There are obviously ways to get around those as well, but every additional layer of security is one less attack factor that you have to worry about every single day. So Dennis, you're pro on the 5G adoption journey. You both have talked about the sensible benefits there and then the capabilities. I want to understand how is Dell actually helping under the covers, SingTel deliver of this connectivity and this consistency and the reliability that your customers expect? Yeah, I think having all these services together, I think other than just what we call the 5G connectivity, I want to mention about the rent, the desegregated kind of services. I think that gives us a lot of opportunity in terms of flexibility, in terms of cost. But I think one of the things that we also work closely together is about new technology. As I mentioned also that the marketplace or the partners that Dell brings that's very, very important for us. And then for me, I think that if I look at it from a customer lens again, right? Having the kind of right equipment which we are working together with Dell is important. But I think having the right ecosystem that use the equipment is even more important. I will give you a very simple example. For any organization, for any services that you need to deploy, let's choose an SMB. You will realize that if I want to deploy an application in my office, there's a few things you need to consider. Networks, which could be provided by 5G, right? Then you talk about the public cloud. Then you talk about what we call the public cloud. You talk about the edge. Now, in order for you to deploy this, you realize that everyone of them got to be orchestrated and synchronized. And then as what Doug has mentioned, after you implement the three of them, you still got to consider security across them. So what happens there for us, what we want to do is that we actually build a platform that actually sits on top of all this. This platform actually controls the 5G network, the MEC, as well as what we call the public cloud together. And sitting on top of that is all the applications. Why so? Because, again, anytime you have an application, you know that you have to make sure that the VMs works, the hypervisor works, connectivity works, the compatibility works. So when we build this platform, we put all the ecosystem on board and then it makes it that the customer can have a one stop shop, look at the equipment, look at what we call the equipment, look at the networks, look at the cloud, the IAS, as well as the application it works. As we're working together with Dell, we actually come up and look at some solution that's fit for the market. One of the opportunity that we are looking together with this Dell is in Singapore. How do we actually ship a really packaged bundle to SMEs that has a Dell equipment, our 5G network plus the platform for the ecosystem that can ship to any of the restaurant around. We were thinking a lot, for example, as you move into the restaurant, we always say that please scan your barcode on the table for the menu, you can just go in and buy facial recognition knowing that you are not a staff. So it's a reverse privacy. And then after that, push the menu to your phone directly. And so therefore it cuts again the stop of me trying to scan the menu or waiting for a load. And because with the on-prem equipment from Dell, let's say for example, those things is pushed to the phone instantly. Sometimes we know that when some of this goes to the public cloud and by the time it loads the menu, you are just waiting to avoid the load. So you can see that all this become an experience for the SMEs and the restaurants and stuff. So I think these are some of this great use case that we can foresee in the future. And I think something you just said is really a key part, right? As technologists, sometimes we get wrapped around the technology and we forget about the fact that it's all about the outcome. To the enterprise, they're looking at a workload. They have a very specific thing they want to accomplish. And all this stuff, private 5G and Edge and cloud, they're all really irrelevant. They're just means to get to what their outcome that they want to be is. And when we look at them atomically and as independent little units, we end up with sprawl. And honestly, enterprise are telling us more and more and more, I don't want that. I don't want a science project. I don't want to be responsible for figuring out how all these things are going to play together and have one rack of equipment for my network and one rack of equipment for my private 5G and another rack of equipment for my Edge cloud and another rack of equipment for the Mac. And you start to get data centers inside of a pizza shop where there's no place to put a data center, right? And so the partnership we have with Singtel and exactly what Dennis was just talking about is how do we take all of those and start realizing that with virtualization and containerization and the open architecture that exists with function virtualization and networking today in private 5G, we're able to utilize a common infrastructure stack, a common platform to be able to give you all those functions to run the 5G, to run your core applications, to run the Mac, to do all those things so that we're minimizing the footprint but also minimizing the complexity and that's really the point. So how mature are we today? Where are we? When can we expect deployments? Are there any sort of early case examples you can share? Yeah, like I said, in Singapore itself, we have already solved a little bit of success, especially in Singapore, we are 5G-S-A already. So I think one of a few things that like I mentioned, some of these use case that we did. So the company that I talked to you about is a factory. They took the 5G G and went there and tested against the Wi-Fi, agreed with it. They said, they have deployed it now and it's running. So it's using the 5G to for safety, and safety inspection and remote assistance for training, et cetera. We're using the VR goggles. So I think that's really a life use case. The other life use case is that in Singapore, one of the kind of automotive manufacturing plants is actually using the AGV that's controlled by 5G, that's moving around in the factory in a very, what we call, random manner. In a way that in the past, whereby you will never conceive the automotive factories that is going to go on conveyor belts, but now the AGV is moving as in where and in the ad hoc manner. Yeah, I mean, we've got solutions we've implemented with customers for mining, for example, for the autonomous vehicles in a mine, where after the mine explosion goes off and you've got to gather the minerals in the ores, there's a lot of time they get the weight before humans can go in, but with a 5G solution, we've been able to enable autonomous vehicles to go in there and start the process of collecting that ore without waiting for the humans, substantially improving safety, security, and the output and revenue of those mines. No canary necessary. Is it correct that this capability is not really going to cannibalize Wi-Fi, right? It's going to go into use cases, or will it? Are there situations that overlap where customers have sort of on the edge, no pun intended, tried to use Wi-Fi and then this will cannibalize some piece of the market? Look, there's a Venn diagram somewhere, right? And at the end of the day, no one who's being honest is going to say that 5G is going to replace Wi-Fi. And there's a lot of reasons for that. Not to mention the challenges in adding new devices. If you go to a store and you want to get on their Wi-Fi, you don't want to necessarily add a new SIM to your phone. So there are places where Wi-Fi is still going to remain a very powerful long-term solution that's not going anywhere, especially at the moment because the cost of Wi-Fi, the chips for Wi-Fi are pennies apiece to put in devices. So we're a long way away from 5G being at the same monetary scale as Wi-Fi. But there are a lot of use cases where Wi-Fi is simply doesn't work. I talked about that mining solution. Wi-Fi doesn't work in a mine. It's got the wrong physics properties. It's got the wrong distance limitation. There's all sorts of problems. And so what 5G has opened up is where in the past people tried to make Wi-Fi work and either gave up and ran wired or just dealt with constant problems like all their machines shutting down simultaneously. 5G is enabling them to now have a real solution that works. So it's carving out a niche for itself. In some places it's replacing Wi-Fi without a doubt because it is a better solution. But there are some use cases that are going to remain Wi-Fi for a long time. And how flexible and mobile can that solution be? Because we can't use Wi-Fi here. We have to use a hard line, right? Did we use 5G for our own private network on theCUBE? Or is it because we're going too many places it's just too complicated for us? That's where it comes from. Stick with fixed lines. That's where the next technology of 5G comes from. Slicing. Talk about that. You see that somebody asked me why would somebody need slicing? Then I will ask you that if you are in U.S. or in any country in the world, there's always two ways. You can use a highway and you pay toll. Or you use your small roads. Exactly. Why do you have a highway that you have to pay toll? There is a highway, there's a path, there's a slice. So for operators, we can always say that based on your mission criticality, based on the speed you want, based on the kind of urgency you need, I will give you a slice and that you have to pay a premium for it. So similarly, will it be that 5G is going to be available here and say that Qube will purchase a slice from Telefonica and say that for Qube, this is your 5G. You have a freeway, greenway. It's highly possible. Believe me, we're playing a premium for hard lines at Pope World Congress, I don't know if you see. And to that point, right? And those slicing gives you the opportunity to do profiling and setting up, when I say profiling, different devices and different customers getting different metrics on how they use that network. So some of them will get a super highway, some of them will get a medium-sized highway. Somebody getting a secure highway. Right, a more secure highway. So there's a lot more flexibility with 5G and that's why I said, you know, there's a lot of use cases we'll replace WiFi and it will be very powerful. And that's the places where we're really seeing the adoption really taking off.  Thank you so much for joining us today. Also talking about what Dell and SingTel are doing together. I imagine the journey probably has just begun but you've made tremendous progress so far. It's a great use case. Thank you for sharing it with us today. Thank you very much. Thank you Dave. All right, our pleasure. For our guests and for Dave Vellante, I'm Lisa Martin. You're watching theCUBE, live at MWC23 from Barcelona, Spain. Stick around, Dave comes up with a very cool rap after this.


I'm under something. You're watching Talking Dirt. You know, in Tokleati was my first podium and that was crazy feeling. I remember when I was a young kid and look up to the guys in the Grand Prix, I told my dad, I want to be there one day. And when I step up on the podium at third position, I'm pretty sure I was the happiest guy on the podium in that time. It was crazy feeling to stand up there and all body was shaking. And I was just thinking about, you see that I'm in the podium right now. Is your dad going to be here? Yeah, tomorrow. Is that added pressure or do you think it's going to build you up to perform better? No, I'm not going to think about it. You're not going to think about it? No. No? No. I'm away from the speed where I love to race go-karts. So today I'm here in Vojns go-kart and have some laps before the Grand Prix. The go-kart I got is not like the standard one. So you rent if you go to some places and ride the go-kart, that one I have is two stroke with six gears and it's crazy fast. And they have like from 0 to 100 is around two seconds. Yeah, this is my home track. I do the Danish League here. Had a pretty good season so far. And very soon we have the final and we actually won the main League this year. So hopefully we can kick some ******s in the final. It's Denmark's national speedway stadium. Ol Olsen built it back in days and now his son take over. Jakob Olsen and rebuild everything. And I like to come here because always present table and grass is cut and looks really, really great. Also my sponsor is pretty happy to be here. I am really excited for tomorrow. The day before I am always just chilling, have some fun, do what I normally do so I am not nervous and thinking too much about it. Always important with a good sleep. Hopefully I have some fans here so I can feel my hair is standing on my arms when they make the presentation or even when I go on the podium. Hopefully. Let's hope. And the boys are ready? You see they like young kids with the phone in their hands all the time. All the time mate. Making important business calls or? No. No speaking with some chicks. Which one is the luckiest one? With chicks? Yeah. None of them. None of them? No, no, no. He looks like a boxer. He thinks only. You have some kilos on since last fight. I don't have a problem with the weight. Just a high? Yeah. Just not too high. What's the plan for tonight?  That's it. Darts is a good one. Yeah, yeah. I want the last two but he's pretty good at it. Do you have like forfeits or like push-ups or something if you lose?   Also if they win. Yeah.   Yeah, just slapping. And this of course with underpants and everything down. Yeah, down. Big whack. Yeah.  It's my spot. Boys, about to have my pits. Just go cut the sign down and change that. It's my spot. I have it all the time even in the Danish final and you can't have it. You're about to change it. Yeah. Who do they think he is? Who the heck? Oh, it's Taks. Let's go find my spot. They're not even clean it. It's a little bit dirty, isn't it? Hi mate. All good? Yeah, good. We have one mistake. One mistake? One mistake. The name, my name sign, the sign for my name is in the wrong position, mate. I have my own spot. So. Bartek. No? No, yeah. Sorry. No? This is not unfilled. No filming this time. I can't. I've got to do it in championship board. If I do it everywhere, I have to do it every track, you know. Yeah, I know. They did say to me, they did try and they said, oh, this is the end of the spot. He's still filming, isn't he? Say now about the wildcard next year. I'll give you the wildcard. And I'll have it on video. Yeah, that's how you watch it. Did you eat it? No, I'm just trying. Where was your talk with you? My boy. My boy. I won a Danish championship and I just took everything off. The national TV. The lot. Yeah, and ride around naked on the bike. He got the nomination for like the three funniest things. And I won? And he won the national TV. I haven't seen that. That's got to be on the internet somewhere, isn't it? Yeah, it is. Yeah, a lot of. One year ago when I won the first time and I won the Danish championship here, we had a doping test. And I go in and fishing and I just came out from the room. The TV was on. So, hey, how was it in there? I say, it's always great when somebody want to look at my life in TV, mate. Life. Life. Did you explain what you meant? No. And it wasn't all the talk shows. Oh my God. It's good to be talked about one way or the other. Exactly. We've been everywhere in that day. So, Steve, can you tell us a little bit about what happens in this truck? So, what happens in this truck is basically that all the cameras that are taken around the pitch and the track that are placed can be switched under the instructions of a director who sits in this seat. This in front of me is what he uses to effectively switch the cameras with. And it's called a vision mixer. And every broadcast truck you see and every broadcast truck around the world, not only speedway user, but broadcasters use has one of these devices. And this purely switches all the cameras. It also, from this position, he commands what happens with the sound, which is next door. And that's also looked after by a sound director. And also through this, he operates and tells the EVS guys, which are these guys over here.  So, basically, in Grand Prix terms, we have 11, 12, 13 cameras. Some are fixed around the track and some are RF, as we call them, which is the ones you see running around the pits and getting us all these extra shots. And basically, in the truck, you'll have myself as the producer over viewing. You'll have a director here and you'll have also, you've got the graphics as well. So, the graphics are here. But this is where our home is for the three hours of transmission throughout the day and the evening. And it's what we create here is a world feed. It's known as a world feed. And from here, this then goes into somewhere like BT Sport or Canal Plus or Equivalent. And they will put a studio in front of all these signals that we give them. So, that's how come it arrives in your lounge or your living room with the respective studio in front of it. One, two, three. One, two, three. So, how's the track? Track is alright. A bit different from what it normally is here. A little bit more loose material. I can say that last time we had a league meeting here. It was rain off and they tried to take some of the dirt off and they put it back on now. Not now, but a few weeks ago and it's a little bit inconsistent. But the track rises working on the track pretty hard to get it fixed and get back to normal. But anyway, I'm super focused and I'm sure it's going to be okay. How's the fans here? They're going to go crazy for you? I'm sure the fans really want a day to win here. It's back in 2012, last time a Dane win in Denmark for a Grand Prix. So, for sure the fans go crazy if a Dan is going to win. Of course, I'm sure the three Danes are going to fight for it and I will do all what I can to make it happen. Of course, I race for the fans, but most of myself to show off that I need a spot for the next season in the Grand Prix. Leading the World title? How's that been on the podium? I'm happy about the third place, but I'm really hungry to be the first today. So, yeah, I feel good with good speed, but anyway, we're still working hard to be better and better. I would like to say thanks to my team for working really hard and helping me to be here and to be in the podium. Brilliant. Two more rounds to go. See what happens. Yeah, looking forward. So, dude, wasn't the night you was hoping for? It was absolutely not the night I was hoping for. I feel I was prepared for the night, but it's racing and I didn't really find the right setup so I'm a little bit disappointed for tonight. But I keep my head up, there's still two more rounds to go and I need to finish out good to show them I'm worth to be in the Grand Prix. So, Oliver, it's not been the season that you've been expecting? Not really.  Yeah, you know, it's... Like you said, the whole season has been nothing what you want, but it's been a struggle, but that's how it is sometimes. Russia, yeah, it's... Everything was planned to perfection, I thought. Maybe it wasn't that smart to not send any engines in the crates, but that's the situation we were in. You know, we were in the middle of changing tuner, you know, we basically didn't know what we were going to ride on, so we sent empty bikes and I checked with different riders, I checked with the airline and they said it was no worries. Other riders sent engines, so all looked green and we get to the airport, we check in the engines, we pay extra, everything is fine. Check the mean on special baggage. Go through the security, go up to board the plane and just as we show our tickets, the guy from the airlines comes running and said they've taken off my engines because they think it's dangerous goods. Two or three minutes left until they close the doors on the airplane and I have to make an excision what to do. So how did you get over this? Well I called, I just said well if I don't have any engines there's no point going, you know, so I just said we're not going to them and I called to Phil and said hey mate, I'm not coming to Russia, you know, they took my engines off so I have nothing to ride on. But he said then it's better just to come, we run to the plane basically, get in just before they close the doors, just run through the airplane back to our seats and we see Team Doyle and just, they wonder what's going on, you know, we told them the story and Jason just said straight away you can have my spare engine, you know, and we'll sort that out later, so. Wow. Yeah, top bloke. So top guy? Yeah. Alright dude, well let's hope Toran is the best GP yet for the season for you. Yeah, both of them, yeah. All on Toran. Goal in, put all the money in. You going to get naked if you win? Yeah. Thank you.


What we have done here is a way to do robust wireless power transfer and this is going to be important for dynamic charging in trying to transfer power wirelessly into a moving object. The source coil here is going to generate a magnetic field that couples basically to the receiving coil and the receiver coil actually has a light emitting diode attached to it. The light emitting diode is going to stay on over a range of distance as the distance is varying and as you see here. This is perhaps the most important outcome of this experiment that we have constant wireless power transfer and high-efficiency transfer across a wide range of distance. This is in contrast to a previous wireless power transfer scheme where you only get brightness at a certain distance so for example it would be bright over here and not pretty much dim outside its range. This is not trying to do long distance power transfer as you can see here we're talking about maybe a meter scale kind of transfer. You can think about for example transferring into a moving vehicle or into any other moving object that one can think of. Another simple example is you have a device on your body that need to be charged for example if you want to charge your cell phone as you are walking around in a room. Being able to do this in a robust fashion as we do here could potentially be quite interesting.


TfNN, headline, news update. Good morning everyone, Basel Chapman. Here, this is Friday, the very first day of September. I wish everyone a very long and happy weekend coming up here. But in the meantime, back at the ranch, we're looking at the Dow, which had a fabulous opening gambit to the upside. Couldn't take out yesterday's high in what I said for this Chapman of Roman Candle, red inverted Roman candle, and Dow could hold for 90 minutes above 35,000, oops, 4,970. It did it 34,979, but it had to hold that between 60 and 90 minutes. There's a chance we could retest the hive yesterday. Otherwise, you've got to be careful. And in the next two days, if it closes underneath yesterday's low, that's in the 34,095, I think, area. Then that's a very negative sign, shorter term. So we'll see what happens. In the meantime, the S&P gave back a chunk of its gains. It's only up six now. It was up much more. It was at the 45,41 area. The QQQ, this is the NDX100, now red at 37,707. The technicals are still pretty good looking at the IWM. This is going to be very important because it's holding up 2.36193. It keeps doing that. It reminds me of gold and silver, where gold has a great move. Then silver catches up, then silver leads, and then gold says, hey, wait a minute, wait for me. Then they're both ready together, and then they come down together. And then they start the whole process again. Anyway, IWM is playing a little bit of a catch up here. Let's go to gold. Gold right now is unchanged. It was up about 12 points now. It's at 1966, looking at the dollar. The dollar is holding so well. Look, the dollar is up now. It's up 32 ticks at 103.96. I've been talking about this for quite some time, saying that that 914 period moving average is still fabulous. Don't rule out the dollar strength. It's still there. And if you look at bonds, bonds, oh, bonds, oh, bonds are down over a dollar and a half at 120 and 730 seconds. Not good. IWM is doing the exact opposite. It's spiraling highest up at dollar 46 at 85.09. So with that, I'm just going to wrap it up at this point before the break comes to say, I'll be doing the next hour. This is not going to be mastering probability because Steve Rhodes is the owner of that. I cannot, although he does use some Chapman Wave techniques there. No, I'm going to step aside and say, I'm doing the hour. I'll do basically the Chapman Wave methodology in this particular hour coming up. Hope you can stay. It should be exciting. I've got a lot of stocks that I want to look at and talk about crude oil breaking out here. What does it mean? What nectar is it in the Chapman Wave? I'll be right back.


So now we'll consider the actual classroom arrangements themselves in terms of the physical desk layout. There are possibly three main types of arrangement that are used within classrooms and we're going to indicate the desks here as being boxes and the arrangements of the students within those desks will be blue crosses. So here we have the desks arranged in rows and the students sitting within those rows. The second arrangement could be the use of horseshoes or semicircles and finally the use of individual desks. So for each of these arrangements, what are the potential advantages and disadvantages of arranging our seating in this way? Let's take the rows first of all. One of the potential advantages is that it does give the teacher the opportunity if it's arranged correctly to move around freely within that arrangement. The second potential advantage is that it allows the students to have a clear view of the teacher at their prominent position at the front of the class. There are however some potential drawbacks to this particular arrangement and firstly and foremost it can be very difficult with this type of arrangement for whole class interaction so it's difficult for people to get up and move around. Secondly it has a very formal feel to it and whilst this might be okay in certain situations if we're doing communicative activities we don't want that formal feel because it will reduce the opportunity for students to talk to each other. So one potential way of getting around this is to use the actual horseshoes and some of the advantages of this system is that the teacher appears less dominant within that horseshoe arrangement and secondly with the horseshoe it's very easy to arrange pair work. There are some potential disadvantages however to this particular arrangement perhaps the most important is the actual position of the teacher within this horseshoe. If the teacher moves inside the horseshoe then some of our students will actually be behind us and therefore they will not be able to see our mouth when we are speaking. They will lose a lot of information by not being able to see our mouths. So one of the major disadvantages is that the position of the teacher becomes very important and not moving into that horseshoe. So our final arrangement then is the individual desks and the potential advantages here is that it's easy to give individual attention by just working with one student at one desk and you're not going to disturb the person next to them. The second potential advantage is that if you are giving a didactic teaching lesson so you're explaining information this particular arrangement is very useful for that system. So it's good for a lecture type situation. There are some disadvantages to this particular arrangement and possibly the first one is that it's difficult to maintain eye contact with all your students and finally here it's quite difficult to get student-student interaction with this particular arrangement. So it's quite important that we think about our classroom arrangement and the potential advantages and disadvantages of arranging in any particular way. So far then we've talked about the use of the eyes, the use of voice and the use of gesture to help with managing the classroom. We've also looked at the actual classroom arrangement in terms of the physical space and the material within that classroom and we've looked at three of the most common types of arrangement in terms of seating.


I feel so good to fly I hope you find your version of flying anything that lights you up go for that first step the achievement the milestone the next step nothing into something is what it's all about I'm about to dunk right now


I'm an open learning consultant from Australia and here in the studio with us tonight we have Professor Insang Chong who's a colleague of mine and we have recently been involved in researching and writing and editing a book on quality assurance in open and distance and e-learning and we thought it would be interesting just to talk about our impressions from writing the book on what is happening and what needs to to happen okay and so maybe I could just kick off with the first question I mean from your point of view why do you feel it's so important that we have quality assurance in open and distance and e-learning why is why is it necessary as you probably know there are so many students these days and so many distance education providers institutions they offer distance education programs for example in Asia only there are more than five million students who receive distance education but because of the increase of number of students we need to pay more attention to the quality issues otherwise those students will maybe in some some cases won't get the quality education so that's why we need to pay more attention to quality assurance and that's why many countries these days are beginning to talk about or discuss about the quality assurance framework policy yes I mean I mean you and I obviously have had many many years involved with open and distance learning we we're great enthusiasts for open and distance learning but we have to be honest we know that not all governments not all members of the community not all employers think that these new forms of teaching and learning are necessarily as good as the more conventional ones so and you know we know that in in some countries in fact now as we've heard they're actually withdrawing support for the idea of open and distance learning so it's obviously very important that we make sure uh that at least it measures up to the quality of conventional education I I believe we should go further than that I think we should actually you think so yes I think we should actually we should have a very strong quality assurance framework I think one of the problems of quality assurance it tends to be concerned with making sure you meet minimal standards and I think we should be trying to show that open and distance learning is better than conventional and there are some other cases as well even now well you know about university I was just going to say university does to the booker we'd like to tell us something about the way they went about quality assurance yeah University of Tabuka they have developed this extensive quality assurance manual which lists all the detailed job descriptions of each position of their staff staff members and then they also relate the the staff's performance to the quality assurance manner so so so it's performance based quality assurance it's not just the you know list all the quality assurance standards but they they are very closely related to staff performance and then learning outcomes yes so they have done that and they also received external invited external review I think they've had ISO accreditation and then IDRC, ICD and then um what else uh they're their own countries funds from yeah but but it was interesting that this actually started as I understand it as an internal process in other words they didn't start on quality assurance in order to meet the government's expectations they did it to improve their quality and continuously improve their quality and then said to the government would you like to come and check on yeah and you know external before you invite external reviewers you do contribute you do focus on internal improvement first and then you invite external reviewers because it's important that you develop a culture within your institution to improve the quality yeah and I think that's the key I guess I think that that that that business are trying to inculcate a culture of continual improvement and the phrase that I sometimes use is reflective practice too so you're not only teaching or being an instructional designer or putting an IT system in place but you're saying how can I continually uh improve improve this and I think going back to the UT thing the university is too booker the other thing that impresses me is I think all too often there's a danger that quality assurance can be rhetoric you know high claims and so on but it's very interesting the process of actually drilling down and I've had a chance to to see a bit of this at universities too booker and then you find when you get to their degree program I think it's a degree program for teachers yes you find that all the measures that apply the institutional level still apply equally well in that course or program and I think that's very impressive yeah and it it was actually as you said top-down approach you know the leader initiate this quality assurance activity within the tabuka within the institution but then it went to down down to the personnel I mean they're all the stem members and they together develop details the manual detailed job descriptions whether you should go for a centralized approach for quality assurance in an institution or whether you should try to get the culture to permeate to be embedded right in across the university are you in favor of one model or the other I think at the beginning that you need to have some kind of a unit or a team which oversees whole process otherwise you can the responsibilities are not clear so in any case of I mean we are talking about university tabuka but in case of other universities that have been very successful in quality assurance activities they usually have a centralized unit and then at the same time they you know share their responsibilities with others but I think at the beginning especially we need a central and that's interesting I mean I'm not going to name the country but there's one country in Asia that I I know I think particularly well and they've recently introduced a quality assurance system and what worries me is it seems to be that the the the body responsible for quality assurance has said we want a quality assurance committee to be set up in every university but what I don't see there is any sort of follow-through in terms of in-service training or enabling people to understand really what their role and status and responsibilities are maybe that's not the institution itself they want to establish the quality assurance mechanism it's from outside yeah right yeah in that case I think it's a little different yeah maybe we need actually both we have to have some kind of I think for me a centralized system with this commitment from the members or leadership support yeah really important the other thing that you and I have discussed in the book and the contributors to the book too is this question about whether one should have the same quality assurance framework and system for conventional education or whether in fact open and distance learning a particularly e-learning call for some different approaches how do you feel about that I think the general framework should be same should be the same but the specifics there are unique points that e-learning or distance education represents so in that case to address the uniqueness of the distance education e-learning I think we need a more a little different maybe majors to assure the quality but we are with things like web 2 I mean we are actually introducing some new concepts are we like constructivist and connectivist learning and collaborative learning and so John Daniel was talking this morning about moving to a situation where the student started to develop his or her own own curriculum so I would have thought that that might call for different measures different yeah I think in that case we need some different majors and a more specific you know that's that's to address the uniqueness of e-learning or technology but why do we address those issues it's under like in order to facilitate learning collaborative learning that could apply to both distance education and conventional learning as well so what I'm saying is to we we adopt the same structure same questions but the more detailed ones could be different I think the other issue that comes up is that some people resist or resent the idea of quality assurance because they say this is further example of the corporatization about universities and it leads to a lot of paperwork and a lot of bureaucracy and so on so how do we how do we respond to that how do we try to win hearts and minds and get quality assurance mainstreamed into the system I guess when you look at quality assurance as a control or management it's kind of very difficult for you know providers to accept the quality control framework right but when you look at this as a your own self-improvement this is a tool that I like to improve myself then you can more easily adopt or you can even initiate quality assurance activities within your society I mean with the institution and go beyond that and inviting quality external quality assurance teams to to oversee your assessors so I guess it's a matter of it's not it's not that you want to do it you have to do it or I guess it's both there is a needs that you have to show that you are providing a quality program right at the same time you in order to survive or develop yourself you have to improve your quality having the the systems in place to recognize when things go wrong or help to put them right you know so that's that's I think a very important factor all right well uh nice talking with you again and I know this conversation will will go on and I'm sure that the quality assurance agenda will keep on uh you know changing and tonight we've only talked about higher education but there's also quality assurance and open schooling and non-formal education and so on so there's a lot more work for us and for other people to do thank you very much thank you


Ukrainian Special Operations Forces hit another Russian pro-Riv tank near Abdiivka. Soldiers of the Special Operations Forces of the Armed Forces of Ukraine destroyed a Russian repair vehicle and damaged a T-90 pro-Riv tank near Abdiivka with the help of an unmanned aerial vehicle. In the Abdiivka direction, the enemy keeps trying to encircle the town, but our defenders firmly hold the defense and inflict significant losses on the occupiers. Special Operations Forces soldiers, as always, do it well and at the most unexpected moment for the enemy, the command of the Special Operations Forces posted on Facebook. Operators of the 3rd Regiment destroyed a Russian repair vehicle and damaged a T-90 pro-Riv tank near Abdiivka with the help of an unmanned aerial vehicle. As reported, the fighters of the Special Operations Forces destroyed $25 million worth of Russian equipment in a week in Zaporizia direction. The T-90M and T-14 Armata tanks are currently the only Russian tanks that have the Relict Armor installed. Relict Armor is a type of explosive reactive armor that uses a combination of metal plates and explosive charges to neutralize the impact of incoming missiles. The T-90M and T-14 Armata tanks are considered to be among the most advanced and well-protected tanks in the world. The Relict Armor gives them a significant advantage over other tanks in terms of survivability and combat effectiveness.


Hello, I'm Canadian so I'm not good at yelling so if you can't hear me in the back, you know wave throw things No garments How do I I guess I guess I advance with this yes Better one than this because this one sucks completely So this talk I've been here for the whole meeting and and It's as bad And this talk is not going to be like any of the other talks. I've seen I'm an experimental evolutionary biologist and Worse than that everything that I really have worked on over the decades has been derived from mathematical theory So I don't really believe in stories I don't really believe in You know nice images. I like data. I like math What can I say? And a big problem facing all of you is that Dating back to the 1960s storytelling has been dominated and This is going to be all science I've hidden most of the math And preparing this talk with Grant Rutledge who really should be giving this talk, but he's jet-lagged out of his brain from trip to Japan We decided to eliminate all the math, but we do have sort of cartoony math And I will try to cartoon my way Through the math for you, but then we're going to get into gigantic experimental Studies with lots of data and not on people but on fruit flies And that is because at the core of what your society is based on are some very deep scientific issues Which have not been systematically addressed using strong inference science in my opinion to date ever and this is a Follow-on to Grant's preliminary presentation of these kinds of results. I think two years ago to four or five people so we have more data and More firm conclusions about the relationship between paleo ideas Organic agricultural ideas, and that's what I'm trying to accomplish So to go into a little more detail than than Brett did a traditional evolutionary evolutionary point of view which tends to dominate Pop thinking about evolution we can actually blame on Charles Darwin And that's the idea that evolution proceeds with great gradualness over long periods of time like hundreds of thousands two millions of years and in that context It's a natural conclusion to infer that our best possible diet is the one we had For at least a million years prior to the advent of agriculture Which is to say a paleo hunter-gatherer regime Beautifully embodied in this image here Though probably we didn't really look like that So that I think is the intuitive basis for a lot of what many people who come to these meetings believe To be very concrete. I believe that view myself in the 1970s Before I started to look at data from experimental evolution studies. I Bought into the then conventional wisdom of Darwinism That indeed evolution proceeded very slowly and we probably weren't very adapted to agricultural diets or lifestyles But starting in 1980 we got a revolution and evolutionary biology Which most people outside of the field have not heard about Which is that evolution can actually act with great speed? And I was one of the people behind that revolution It gave rise to a field called experimental evolution and I have a book called that with a co-author and many contributors and according to this Body of thinking and a large amount of data much of which I've published in fact We should be well adapted to the use of organic agricultural foods. That means diets from before 1850 Because at least Eurasian populations have had those for thousands of years and That's hundreds of generations and we've shown in the lab with flies that you can accomplish amazing things in about a hundred generations sometimes less than that sometimes 40 generations That's the basis for Marlene Zook's critique of many of your beliefs In her book paleo fantasy and she points to some examples of this from research and evolutionary biology Including a famous human example, which is the adaptation of Tibetan populations to high altitudes So to this point in time. We're really dealing with verbal contention and Starting in 2010 my lab and colleagues there principally Grant Rutledge whose date I'm going to be showing today have developed a mathematically based alternative to both sides on this debate and Starting with Grant Rutledge's doctoral research we have done experiments to test these core ideas and at the core is How fast can populations adapt to a recent but not entirely novel diet that is to say Like the neolithic transition of agriculture Now the foundation of our reasoning is this very profound result which is not Intuitive gestalt its hardcore math to arrive from basic first principles of evolutionary theory and This result has a name Hamilton's forces of natural selection. This is the force of natural selection acting on your ability to survive and What the math shows which is here sketched is that before the first age of reproduction little b The force of natural selection is phenomenally strong and much for intuition about what natural selection can do is derive from the results you get when natural selection is very strong but once reproduction starts in a population the Math shows that the force steadily falls Until sometime around the last age of reproduction in a population when it hits zero Some people think that aging should start here But actually the theory suggests it should start sometime after the start of reproduction In a population that doesn't mean when you first had fun in high school, or I hope not junior high It means what goes on in a population and how it subsequently evolves Now I have made my living off of this equation since 1976 and What I was the first to show very clearly in the 1970s is that if you change the timing of the force of natural selection if you change When reproduction starts you can make aging evolve in other words The master control of aging is not the damn telomeres It's not the free radicals It's the force of natural selection if natural selection pays attention to the problem It can do anything it wants with aging including producing immortal non-aging organisms, which it does frequently Here's the basic idea your normal lab culture regime for fruit flies and many other organisms Including mice is to start the next generation almost as soon as you have adults and Produce the next generation and discard the adults. This is what I use the called trailer park trash reproduction Until I sort of got a little more woke and a little more sympathetic to the plight of the American working classes But that's just an arbitrary thing you can do in a lab. You can actually change when Reproduction occurs and here we have under the heading delayed breeding regime C in green the Typical med school graduate school reproductive pattern which does include sex All the way through undergraduate years graduate school postdoc Tenure track in the case the academic version or for the medical school your undergraduate degree medical school Internship residency getting your feed-in underneath you in your first practice and then finally you reproduce in your your late 30s And it doesn't really matter that much whether you're male or female That's the only sane way to approach graduate education is putting off your reproduction So the the math that I just cartooned for you implies that given a reasonable amount of evolutionary time in These organisms aging should start soon and in these organisms aging should only start later Okay, because you're delaying the first time of reproduction and We've since done this experiment many times as have others Since the late 1970s and here is the aging pattern of the A-type flies versus the C-type flies This is the logarithmic Logarithm of the mortality rate. So the higher the data go The more likely an organism is to die. These are data from 20 cohorts of thousands of flies each It's about a hundred thousand fly experiment And what you see here, which is the normal aging pattern on this this completely sucks Okay What you see over here In the purplish color, which is the a trader park trash reproduction cycle is boom aging is taking off From about 14 days of age in the fruit fly life cycle in the med school lifestyle aging doesn't even start until After about 30 days of age in those particular flies. They don't get to reproduce until they're at least 26 days of age However all through this period they produce eggs The start of aging is not the start of life the start of aging is not even the start of reproduction and physiologically The start of aging is defined by the decline in the forces of natural selection because aging is nothing other than The decline in age-specific adaptation because natural selection is giving up on us Quantitatively and progressively now a whole other body of research is the fact that aging stops At late ages which is full of radical promise and someday I may come back to this meeting explain about aging stopping And what you might do about that, but I don't have time today What I'm really showing you here is the power of experimental evolution over a small number of generations to completely Retune the aging pattern which sort of makes it look like hey, we should all be well adapted to agriculture instead What I'm now going to summarize is some math We did to investigate what happens in a population when an environment or nutritional regime changes and That is it's a mathematical corollary of the cartoon. I showed you that at early ages populations adapt very fast to a change in Environmental selection regime. It's a completely general mathematical result But at later ages Adaptation responds slower because they're at those ages the force of natural selection is weaker That's why we have aging, but it's also why as you will see you're right sort of That means as natural selection will rapidly improve adaptation to a new environment or new lifestyle at younger ages But at later ages it won't so that was an intuition I had in 2010 we did the math on that from 2010 to about 2012 Not showing you any of that and then Grant started his PhD in 2012 and we thought Let's look at age dependent patterns of adaptation to three different diets Because unbeknownst to us we've done a Neolithic revolution in our lab. I'm gonna just explain that quickly I'm gonna be talking about my a fast reproducing populations at the first part of for most of this talk And now I have to go into the diet history of our flies. You have to pay careful attention to this part so we got our flies from the backyard of behind a barn in an apple orchard in Massachusetts and The northeastern Drosophila melana gastro populations of the United States Have been evolving there since the 1600s living off of chiefly rotten apples Drosophila melana gastro the fruit flies. I use don't feed off fresh fruit. They only feed off rotting fruit And there's some of their maggots coming out of an apple That is their ancestral diet their long ancestral diet, but we brought them into the lab in The 1970s and soon put them on in 1981 a banana-based diet banana and molasses and The flies I'm going to first going to show you have been on that diet for more than a thousand generations in human terms that's like 20 to 30 thousand years of Absolutely rigid adherence to a brand new diet And that's plenty of time to adapt these populations to this new diet starting Around ten years ago. We experimented with an entirely novel diet based on orange Replacing banana. So what we have here are three kinds of diets a long ancestral fly paleo diet a Long-standing but still evolutionarily relatively recent banana diet Think neolithic revolution for our flies and here we have a completely novel diet that we know for sure our flies have never been adapted to Which is orange? And I'm going to take you through data on flies on these three diets Okay, the data. I'm going to show you is all going to be about our best measure of instantaneous function Which is the capacity of a fruit fly to survive Over a one-day period which is this Yeah, that's just like useless This px parameter age-specific survival probability from hx to x plus one Mx in females is the number of eggs. They lay between hx and x plus one Denominated in days the product of those two things px mx, which does actually appear in the equations in my field is A compound measure of your ability to survive and do something useful to a Darwinian which is reproduce So this is like not only the fact that you are 62 years old at a cocktail party But you might meet somebody new and exciting and do something about it That's px times mx. So at every adult age x we have this compound measure of your ability to survive and Reproduce or in human terms perhaps survive and contribute to science or some other field of endeavor So here are the core predictions that come out of the math for three different diets the entirely novel diet is in orange and dotted the evolutionarily recent or Analog agriculture neolithic diet is in blue and the long abandoned diet Fly paleo diet is dashed and red and our prediction is that at early ages the Dietary regime where the flies will do best will be the blue diet the evolutionarily recent one which remember is banana Blue means banana in these data Our entirely novel diet is in orange. It's oranges and our fly paleo diet is in red It's the apple diet and what this is showing is strong early adaptation in the banana diet Of course, no adaptation at all to the the orange diet But at later ages they converge Because the adaptation to banana didn't reach the later ages at later ages the long abandoned Fly paleo apple diet is the best diet according to the theory What do we actually see? Okay That's the question So to make this a little more concrete in a type fast reproducing flies we have Total of six cohorts we study Well six for each diet six on banana six on orange 12,000 individuals were studied a million eggs were counted and here's the predicted result just on the evolutionarily recent diet banana Like organic agricultural diet versus orange think High-fructose corn syrup seed oils all the nasty stuff none of us should be eating twinkies The idea is that at early ages the organic agricultural diet will be clearly superior But at much later ages they should converge Because we're not fully adapted to the banana diet at every age and here are the results So what you see here is that all through these early adult ages the flies do better on the banana diet than they do on the orange diet But at later ages in fact the data converge And at later ages You can eat your twinkies just as well as you can eat your whole wheat cereal Okay, you're not adapted to either one at later ages All right Then the question is what will happen with the long abandoned fly paleo apple diet Versus our banana diet, which has been our standard diet for a thousand generations Here the amount of data is even greater. We have 36,000 individuals more than four million eggs counted This is our prediction that at early ages the banana will do as well or slightly better on the The fly will do better on the banana or as well on the banana as the apple But at later ages where we're saying adaptation hasn't penetrated yet The flies will do better on the apple diet and again We're measuring our instantaneous health measure px times mx and here's the result Result is basically at early ages. It doesn't really matter that much whether you eat the banana or The apple diet if you're a fly But at later ages it starts to matter more and more now. Let me just explain Why this is a very conservative test? It's a very conservative test because we're doing a completely half-assed emulation of the fly paleo diet Because you know, we are synthetically creating a rotten apple medium out of cultured yeast and organic crater Joe's apple sauce The actual flies would have had a more complex diet They would have been eating partly off rotten other fruit and vegetable stuff in their environment and they would have had a very different lifestyle The banana diet is the exact emulation of what they've had for a thousand generations So so this is their real version of the organic agricultural diet So what I'm saying here is this is a total lame-ass fly paleo emulation Yet you still get the clear superiority on this lame-ass emulation So, yeah, maybe you're just eating grass-fed beef and grass-fed lamb and Wild caught salmon and you're not eating the wide spectrum of animal-derived foods that we Consumed through a million years or more primarily in Africa But even a lame-ass emulation of a paleo diet Still shows a significant benefit later in life now one critique of this experiment Which we've already seen in manuscript reviews is well, this is because of some weird feature of the biochemistry of apples To which we say bull because we have a critical experiment that shows it's not just the apple It's actually the relationship between the force of natural selection Because if you change when the forces of natural selection crash that is to say when we expect aging to stop You also change the timing of When natural selection is strong and therefore the timing of when you'd need to make a switch from organic agricultural foods to paleo foods So all the data I showed you to this point was on the a type flies early reproducers We also have diet Transition data from our C type flies which are late reproducers which are frankly not analogous to what human populations do Because we love to reproduce early and often But it tests the principle that it's not just the f-ing apple It's actually the interaction between what the forces of natural selection are doing relative to a new environment So there are the C type flies we're switching to different system and this different system We're switching from the result at the top the a type flies where You predict only an early advantage or good performance from the fly version of the agricultural diet in the C type flies where natural selection is stretching out over many more Ages deeper into the adult lifespan the theory predicts that you'll have a prolonged period of superiority on the banana Which is what these flies evolved in and the transition to the fly paleo diet Will not be beneficial until much later You get that because I know this is complicated. I'm switching from the top Prediction to the bottom prediction Because I'm using not the a flies which are in the top, but the C flies which are in the bottom Okay, and this has all been done with like real math This is the cartoon version of it and here are the results If you are sustained on the banana medium and you reproduce much later but only on banana medium you sustain a Functional improvement on the banana medium if humans had not reproduced until The age of 40 45 or 50 all through the last 10,000 years While we're living on agricultural foods Everybody in this room would do fantastically well on an organic agricultural diet Only very very late. Do you see the switch over to a slight benefit on the apple? But it's still you know your choice clearly on the last your biggest benefits that are earlier ages on the banana So what does this all mean what this all means is? If you revert to your long abandoned ancestral diet at later ages, you'll get a health benefit So our prediction is that 10 year old children will not derive much of a paleo benefit Okay, but there aren't a lot of 10 year olds here so What we're what this research implies is? Organic agricultural diet into your 30s great You'll probably have a transition zone where it doesn't make a lot of difference when you're my age I'm in my 60s. You should be on a paleo type diet Even if it's only a half-assed emulation based on stuff you can buy a trader Joe's or Whole Foods And yes, that is indeed what I do. Thank you very much We have about 10 minutes of questions. I think the PXMX prediction curve was very non-monotonic Whereas your Resulting data work. Well, it was all over the place, but you drew the line in the middle Which was straight so it's counter-intuitive to me that it would be non-monotonic. Why is it? Like that The actual math is is more like the data though. Those are just lame figures that are cartoons that we drew to Try to communicate the actual math derived figures are More like the data the data look the way they do because those lines are actually fit by maximum likelihood procedures on Your final conclusion that you could switch diets in later age and get the benefit That's actually not shown in the experiments that you did where you kept The flies on the diet throughout their entire life. You do a switching at some point in their age So how do you know there couldn't be some? Early-on effect that's cumulative that you can't get rid of later Wouldn't you have to do the experiment where you actually switched them and we have that experiment and it supports the same result? We we've done a variety of different experiments involving diet switching for decades Basically in a fly the switching period is about three days and there's no real historical or longitudinal effect and My personal experience from making people switch starting with myself About ten years ago Is that it takes about three years to fully make the transition roughly you can translate a fly day to a human year? So but after about three years Leaving aside, of course Like morphological damage You can't repair that but in terms of physiological functioning the transition and flies is about three days and From what I've seen an anecdotal number of cases and Brett's supposed to do this for real Because this is like an introduction to his doctoral research Three years in order of magnitude answer there Does your model provide any clues for how to extend lifespan even beyond the apple diet? By other techniques. Yeah, so we have we have a paper on that as well we have a paper that combines diet with supplementation and With some very interesting results that either grant or I will present in the next year or two probably at this meeting Hi My question relates to the degree of change in the diet Well, the degree of change affects the time that it takes to adapt So you have apples and you have bananas Okay, the apples are rotten. So I don't know what you know in terms of Acronutrients all three of these regimes Synthetically emulate rot Okay, all three of these regimes are supplied with yeast cultures which is Pretty optimal for flying nutrition Okay, but the change in the Neolithic was more from Protein fat best right to a carbohydrate. Yeah, so I agree. Maybe the adaptation would have taken longer Yeah, but at early ages when the force of natural selection is strong probably not a problem I Don't think many experimental evolutionists would disagree with what I just said, but your point is well-taken Last year or the year before we had a presentation I'm a graduate student who did 40 years worth of Fruit fly generation Changing their diet alright and Then I think that was Grant Rutledge. I think that was my co-author on this talk. Is it? Yeah All right, here's here's what he added. Yeah, is that at the end? They gave them the choice of which diet they wanted to Use and they all went back to the original diet. You mean the apple. Yes. Yeah Yeah, so so even though 40 or 40 years with the generations had never seen right so so Your question brings up a very important point Which is that what we did with the flies is far more stringent than the agricultural revolution?  Likewise fresh fruit and other things that we've eaten for millions of years. So yeah humans like the flies really want It's so that's so many thousands and thousands tens of thousands of generations of adaptation to their paleo Analog diet, that's what they want. That's what they like. We also had another presentation of a Professor, I think he's UCLA Who studied that at age 40 in order to live longer you have to convert to paleo. That was his cutoff Yeah, I will say that the formal prediction would depend on your ancestry The more recent your I mean the extreme case is of course Australasian Aboriginal populations Which have no adaptation to agriculture and for them There is no age where that's a good choice They're always better off and the work of Stefan Lindbergh is I think shown that pretty dramatically But the standard view of evolutionary biologists before 1980 would have been that that's true of all of us because there hasn't been enough time Since 1980 evolutionary biologists have switched on That particular point and our view is that at early ages If you do something for a few thousand years, you'll be pretty well adapted to it At early ages Thank you Yeah, maybe yeah, you could speak a word Can you can you say a word about the the basic theory of aging that you hold as a vis-a-vis the mainstream gerontology community That aging is not like akin to a rusting process and then how this and What you call the Hamiltonian lifestyle? Interventions can give rise to that forced out process about which you you hope that we can crush aging the same way we've crushed Infectious disease. Well, that's a lot for me to address or can you just talk about the theory of aging so the first first point is first point first So we've actually analyzed the genomics and transcriptomics of the A and C type populations and they differ at hundreds of sites Across the genome affecting hundreds of downstream physiological pathways. There are not Seven effing deadly whatever's behind aging There are hundreds of features of the metabolism that have to be retuned to live substantially or radically longer So the whole reductionist paradigm of you know, you take this supplement and the supplement and the supplement or we inject you with Turned on telomerase Real data don't show that data where you can actually put all those hypotheses to the test aging is underlain by Almost as much complexity as adaptation itself and of course all the functional genes in your genome underlay underlie adaptation a subset of which Degrade in their value to you as a function of age not because of somatic mutation But because of evolutionary detuning because the force of natural selection is so weak It's like Rhett Butler at the end of Gone with the Wind where he doesn't give a damn about Scarlett O'Hara anymore and you're Scarlett O'Hara Okay, now the second point is I Have been publishing articles on how to postpone or indeed eliminate human aging since 1984 And I have a website on this called 55theseas.org or calm You can find it by going Michael Rose aging and you see something with the numerals 55. You've got to that website More recently we also published an article called four steps to the control of aging I Think by the end of this century we will have aging as under control as we have infectious disease We should say by the end of this century. I believe that people will be routinely living for hundreds of years and Of course, I'm all about the details of how you get there I'm not Glamorous prophet like Arbita Gray and just an evolutionary geneticist who does math and large-scale experiments But but go to the articles or websites if you Google Michael Rose aging You'll see lots of stuff on that


Hyperledger is an open source community hosted by the Linux Foundation, focused on developing a suite of stable frameworks, tools, and libraries for enterprise-grade blockchain deployments. Hyperledger's projects have become a global resource because of its open source foundation, yet there is one major roadblock that prevents the community from being truly as open and global as intended. English is the official language of Hyperledger, but 80% of the world does not natively speak that language, so can something truly be considered open if millions of potential people across the world are blocked by a language barrier? I started learning Fabric blockchain technology in 2018. At that time, besides official documents, I did not have much information about it. But the official documents of Fabric are much faster, so it is very difficult for me to follow up with the official documents. I believe that many developers have similar experiences with me, so in order to let more developers read official documents, I decided to make some contributions for the official documents. Upon realizing the value of that translation, in 2019, the Fabric team spearheaded an initiative to translate technical documents to as many languages as possible, and the enthusiasm that began in China quickly ballooned with more languages following suit. For a technology to obtain broad acceptance, it needs to be widely accessible. With the availability of the Hyperledger documentation in Portuguese, we offer the opportunity for the entire market to have access to its content, allowing people like students of technical courses, university students, or executives interested in learning about what blockchain is, to find the answers to their questions. If you live in Japan, it is difficult to find information about the Fabric without the Japanese language. If you translate it, you can easily understand the concept and background of the technology, and you can spread the motto to use the Fabric. But the value of adding those translations doesn't only benefit the people who speak one of those languages. Every new person that shares their unique skills and experience makes Hyperledger software better for everyone that uses it in any part of the world. The translation teams have helped us tremendously, not just by finding errors with our documentation or things we could have explained better, but the latest RFC and Fabric came from a team in a non-English-speaking country, presumably who was reading documentation in their own language. Brian Bellendorf, the Executive Director of Hyperledger, described the software as an open-sourced community of communities. Are there potential developers in your community right now that are only held back because documentation is not available in their native language? We need you to be the thread that brings us together. So if you have the ability to translate English to your language, visit our translation page where we've laid out simple instructions and resources to get you started. And once you begin, you can contact us at any time so we can help. Fabric documentation was our first focus, but we need translation on every element that makes up the Hyperledger community, and several contributors have already begun that process. Hyperledger's homepage is now available in several languages. Meetups are hosted in many languages. There is a free online training course in Spanish, and subtitles in different languages have been added to some videos. But it's not limited to those areas. If it's important to you, then let's get it translated. Many of us come from Fabric's open-sourced community. We focus on Fabric's technical and cultural contribution. There are a lot of people who are interested in blockchain technology. For those who want to know about the whole of Fabric and Hyperledger, there has also been a trend in events recently. For more information, visit www.hyperledger.org forward slash translate.


Hey, this is Dan. Let's talk about BioNTech and Moderna. If you've been watching my videos, you might remember that on May 9th, I mentioned that my target for Moderna was $200 a share and BioNTech $210 a share to be reached by the end of August 2021. At the time, of course, May 9th was a Sunday, the prior Friday, May 7th, the market closed at Moderna 163 and BioNTech 183, quite a distance from my prediction. And sure enough, as of today, Moderna is now at 185. It has gone up by $22 and BioNTech closed today at $204, a lot closer to my targets. I want to give you a preview of what I'm going to predict. After I've done my analysis, I've come to the conclusion that for Moderna, I'm staying with my previous target of $200 a share and for BioNTech, I will increase my target from $210 to $230 to be reached by the end of August 2021. I will be talking about the most important news that have affected the stock prices of Moderna and BioNTech, and we'll look at the new COVID cases in the US, UK, Israel, India, and the rest of the world. I'll look into the valuation of the two companies, I'll be comparing the different vaccines available today, and then we'll go into the charts, the technical analysis. On May 5, President Joe Biden sent a short wave through the investment community, because the US government announced that it would consider supporting waving the COVID vaccine patents. A couple of days after that, the major European countries rebuffed what Biden said. They are of the opinion that waving the patents is not the best solution to the problem. They advocate aggressively licensing more drug companies to produce the most effective vaccines, such as the BioNTech vaccine and the Moderna vaccine. Actually, as of October of last year, Moderna already said that they would not enforce their COVID related patents and that they were willing to license the intellectual property for vaccine production. Therefore, waving the vaccine is really a move point for Moderna. The important thing is that it's just not the patents, but also the manufacturing know-how. A drug company just cannot easily replicate the success of Moderna or BioNTech. It takes at least 12 to 18 months through many trials and errors, and that's why the most effective way is indeed for Moderna and BioNTech to license the other drug makers to produce as much vaccine as possible in the quickest amount of time possible, especially for the developing nations. And then on May 8, it was reported that the Biden administration was having second thought about a patent wafer because they were worried about handing sensitive U.S. biopharmaceutical technology to China and Russia. And after a flurry of discussions about patent wafer, it is being very quiet in the last few days. In my own opinion, I believe patent wafer is not the solution and it's not going to be what it's going to develop. I believe Moderna and BioNTech and Pfizer will produce enough vaccines for the world quickly together with the other vaccine manufacturers, and that's exactly what these two companies are doing, and I'll provide you with more information on that. In the meanwhile, May 10, BioNTech announced that they're setting up manufacturing facilities in Singapore. That's exactly what I'm talking about. They're aggressively setting up licensing agreements around the world. India stopped their own local development of vaccine shots, and they've already signed up agreements with AstraZeneca and Sputnik to produce vaccines locally. Moderna and Novavex are ready to produce more vaccines in South Korea. South Korea also will be producing the Sputnik vaccine. In the meanwhile, the FDA authorized the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for emergency use on adolescents. I heard Moderna will be getting the same emergency approval pretty soon for adolescents. BioNTech said they are on track to make $3 billion vaccine doses in 2021, and Pfizer expects their COVID vaccine revenue to reach $26 billion. These two numbers are pertinent, $3 billion doses for $2021 and $26 billion of revenues for 2021, and I have applied these two numbers in my updated valuation of BioNTech. I'll talk about that later on. Pfizer-BioNTech also said that they were targeting $4 billion doses of production in 2022. That's a very high number. I believe that's very believable. That's because Pfizer and BioNTech already reached an agreement with the European Commission to supply 900 million doses and additional 900 million doses. That's the total of 1.8 billion doses in 2022 and 2023. That's why I believe the total production target of $4 billion doses is very possible for 2022. In the meanwhile, Moderna says they are gearing up to make $3 billion doses in 2022, even though they are planning to produce that many doses, but I haven't seen a lot of new contracts being signed by Moderna yet. That's why I'm not revising my pricing target from Moderna at this point. This is my estimation of the coverage of vaccine doses for the entire world, primarily based on data from Statista.com. This is a table listing the different regions in the world and the different vaccines available now in the market, with exception of Novavax, because I don't believe Novavax has been approved yet, especially by EU or the United States or other leading nations. But if I add up the other columns, I see that with the announced contracts for 2021, 55% of the world population is already covered. Now, if you look at the 2022 projected production capacity, especially related to the announcement of Pfizer saying that they will be producing $4 billion doses in 2022 and Moderna saying that they will be producing $3 billion doses for 2022. That will increase the coverage for the entire world in 2022 to 87%. That's why I believe that there's really no need to waive any COVID vaccine pack. The leading companies have already geared up to supply the entire world. They are almost there, reaching 100%. If you like what you've seen so far, I'd like to encourage you to click the like, subscribe, and notification button. This will encourage me to produce more similar videos in the future. It is also for the sake of the YouTube algorithm. Thank you very much. Let's continue. If you do a quick comparison of various vaccines, I'm not going to reach through the bullet points. You can do a screenshot of this page and look at it in more details. The bottom line is that with all the vaccines that have been approved and available in the market, Moderna and BioNTech have the best vaccines available. That's why I'm so bullish about these two companies. Let's look at the daily new cases in the United States. As we can see, the daily cases have been dropping rapidly ever since the BioNTech and Moderna vaccines have been administered in the United States. Up until this point, about 40% of the population in the United States have received a second shot, and at least 50% of people have received the first shot. We can see the very positive effect, and that's the best proof that these two vaccines indeed work very well. In the United Kingdom, more than 60% of the people have received the first shot. The drop is even more significant. In Israel, where even more people have received the vaccines, primarily the BioNTech vaccines, the daily new cases are almost at zero. At another part of the world, in India, regrettably, they have still very high case count. As of May 27, the daily new cases reached 179,000, and that's extremely high, and that's why there's a sense of urgency to get more vaccines to India. If you look at the entire world, as of May 27, there were 537,000 new cases, unfortunately. And that's why the world still need many, many more doses of vaccines to get the COVID virus under control. Let's look at analyst's opinions about the share prices of Moderna and BioNTech. As of today, the closing price of Moderna is 185,000, and my target is 200,000. Yahoo's target is 178,000. It's lower than mine. Target and Blue's never here gives them an overall A rating, tipsrank.com. Target is 231, a little bit higher than mine. Average has been increased from May 1st of 177 to 190, and the low target is unchanged at 100. And CNMoney gives them a buy rating. The high target has been decreased from 234 to 231, a very small change. The medium target has been increased from 182 to 190, and the low target has been increased from 78 to 83. If you look at BioNTech, in the last couple of months, the analyst's targets have been lagging my target by a wide margin. It seems that the analysts are finally waking up and realizing that BioNTech is worth a lot of money. Let's go through the details. As of today, the closing price for BioNTech is 204, my target has been increased from 210 to 230. The analysis has increased the target from 128 to 195. That's a big jump. When I made my projection of 210 last time, Yahoo was only at 128. There was a substantial gap. Finally, they're catching up. Blue's never here gives them an overall A rating. And then tiprank.com increased the high target from 150 to 240. Again, there's a big jump. I'm finally catching up to my numbers. The average target has been increased from 126 to 186, and the low target has been increased from 104 to 133. Actually, my valuation of BioNTech is much higher than 230 based on my calculations. At this point, I just don't want to run too far ahead of the professional analyst. But I'm pretty sure within a month or so, I will significantly increase my price target for BioNTech. And I will show you my valuation in the next few seconds. With Moderna, that's my valuation for my last video. Since that time, we heard the announcement from Moderna saying that they are targeting 3 billion doses of production for 2022. And that will triple the capacity I use for my calculation. At this point, I am being very conservative and keeping to my $200 share target. The reason why is because I haven't seen a lot of new contracts being announced yet. And that's why I'm just holding on to my old target until I've seen some additional contracts that Moderna has signed with different countries around the world. With BioNTech as a different story, we do hear a lot of very positive announcements in the last couple weeks. This is my previous evaluation published on May 1, 2021. My target was $210 a share based on these assumptions. And as of today, I'm revising my calculations. For example, the number of doses for 2022 has been revised up to 4 billion doses. However, the assumption of how many doses each person will receive instead of being two doses per person. Notice that it's been decreased to 1.5 because some of these people will be receiving a boost, a shot, just one shot during 2022, where certain people will just be receiving the injection for the first time. And that means they will receive two injections. And that's what an over-average, not two, but 1.5. And for 2023, a load at average to 1.3 shots per person. With these assumptions, you can see the stock price could be as high as $400 to $500 a share. And then it will taper off because the need for the vaccine will go down as well as competitive pressure on the price. And hopefully by that time, there will be additional drugs developed by BioNTech, which will sustain the stock price. For now, I'm just increasing my target by $20 a share to $230, just so that I'm not too far ahead of the other professional analysts. I'm pretty sure as we see more developments in the near future, I will be able to increase my target much higher. Let's look at the charts. This is a daily chart for the last six months. The bar chart is Moderna. And the yellow line is BioNTech. As you can see BioNTech is outperforming Moderna. And the broad market by a wide margin went up by 64% in the last six months, primarily because of the big contract signed with EU. And the red line is SPY. It went up only by about 16% in the last six months. And the blue line is QQQ. It went up by only about 11%. If you look at the three months chart, again, Moderna is here, went up 17%. BioNTech went up about whooping 85% whereas SPY went up by about 4%. And QQQ only 3%. And certainly BioNTech has been a great investment for me in the last couple months. If you look at the daily period closely and check out the indicators, we see this bullish buy signal from DMI about two weeks ago. And interestingly, MACD actually flashed a sell sign. Although if you look at the chart, it's still fairly bullish. We do see a overbought signal here from RSI. And sure enough, that's when the price dropped. And by the way, this big red candle is when Biden announced that he would be supporting patent waive. And that's why the market dropped so quickly. And then since then, it has recovered. Overall, we see this triangular pattern. And the big question mark is whether BioNTech will break through this pattern and start going up. If you look at the short interest ratio, we are right around here about 15%. And how does that correlate to historical price levels? We can see that whenever the short interest ratio is down to about 11%, we often hit a peak with stock price, and then it dropped after that for a few days. At this point, we're not at the bottom yet for the short interest ratio. And that's why I'm still pretty optimistic that the price will continue to pick up. Although this all-time high of $213 is going to be a very strong resistance level. As far as support and resistance, I see support at $199, which is around here. And then $193 that coincidentally is also the 20-day simple moving average, which would be a very strong support. And then $187, and then $171 here, which is a daily lower Bollinger Band. And then for resistance levels, I see $209, $212, then $215, which is the upper Bollinger Band on the daily chart, and then $220, which is the all-time high. Let's look at Moderna. This is the daily chart for the last six months. We can see this channel here. The key point is whether the price in the next few days will break through this upper boundary, which is near the all-time high of $189. It's going to be some pretty stiff resistance, at least for the short term. We do see that RSI is nearly overboard. We see a bullish buy signal from DMI and a bullish buy signal from MACD. Let's look at the short interest ratio. We are at about 14, which is not too low. And we see similar correlation that we saw with the BioNTech stock. Whenever the short interest ratio is down to about 11%, then the price can peak out and start dropping for the next few days. At this point, we're not that low yet. That's why I think there's still some more room for Moderna to move up. Hopefully it will overcome the resistance of the all-time high and move even higher. For support and resistance, I will have to actually use the Fibonacci extension to predict the resistance levels if the price exceeds the all-time high of $189. For support, I see $180, $171, $165, which happens to be the 20-day moving average, and $162, which is this point. And for resistance, definitely the all-time high of $189 will be a strong resistance and beyond that at $199, which is a 23.6% Fibonacci extension and $206, which is 38%, Fibonacci extension and $211, which is a 50% Fibonacci extension. Thank you very much for watching all the way to here. If you're watching this video a few days after May 28th, I'd encourage you to check into my Twitter account or subscribe to this account. Because if there's any new development, I will be tweeting update to my subscribers, that way you don't miss anything. You are welcome also to enter your comments, questions, and suggestions by way of my Twitter account. I'd like to recap that my price target for Moderna is $200 a share and BioNTech $230 a share by the end of August 2021. As for my strategies, I will buy Moderna or BioNTech when the price pulls back at the resistant points by more than 5% to 10%, which is very likely based on past patterns. And if the price drops significantly due to news events, like with the patent wafer, I will update my fundamental analysis and will post new video or send Twitter updates to my subscribers. And I will definitely not pump the stocks relentlessly just because I own these stocks. If I continue to say the stock will go up and up and I encourage you to have the diamond hand and hold on to the stocks forever, you will never believe me. As in my previous BioNTech and Moderna videos, there were times that I asked my subscribers to not buy and just wait for a little bit for bearish momentum to dissipate. And then when we see the price start turning around and show some bullish sign, then I will send out updates by way of comments or Twitter text messages to tell my subscribers that I bought more shares. At this point, I'd like to remind you that I'm not a financial advisor. I share my stocks trading strategies for educational purpose only. You should make your own decision with regard to buying or selling stocks and you should probably consult with your financial advisors before you do so. This about wraps up my video for now. I will chat with you again in the next few days. In the meanwhile, I'd like to wish you the very best of luck with your financial investments.