Hello everybody once again for Dr. Jill live glad to meet you here every week. Today I have a special guest that I'm going to be learning along right along with you about the benefits of whole body vibration. Super excited to learn more about this topic. And before I introduce our guests just a little background you can find me at Jill Carney and calm loads and loads of years of articles there for free. So if you're in mental health.com you can find resources there. And of course you can find this recording on anywhere you watch with or listen to podcast and on YouTube. And if you want to watch former previous episodes they're all there. So I am delighted to introduce my guest Dr. Jason Convizer he's a leading expert in metabolic assessment and exercise prescription for special needs population. He's also one of the leading experts in fitness fitness assessments and exercise prescription for special needs population. He's best known for his work with patients dealing with metabolic syndrome, obesity, and providing exercise strategies for those who have given up. Oh I love this doctor because I'm the same we always call it the holist or the resort doctor right the doctor of last resort. Right, you and me both. He is the author of eight books and invited speaker to 38 international conferences he was a past consultant and exercise physiologist to the Duchess of York, Sarah Ferguson. Super excited to have you here because what we're going to talk about is whole body vibration and the benefits and like I said, I'm going to learn right along with you, I'll just tell you as a background literally yesterday I got out of the foam with the in her fifties diagnosis osteoporosis what can I do so I'm super excited to especially hear the links, and I've got other patients as well with pretty severe osteoporosis, and I want to know dive into that for sure. Before we dive into whole body vibration I always like to hear your story how did you get into the work you're doing what's your journey and tell us just a little bit about you. Thank you for inviting me. I was never turned on or very excited about Olympic athletes or division one collegiate athletes, but I'm always interested in athletes, and I consider somebody with a second heart third kidney second set of hips, someone who's in town, someone with Parkinson's those folks who would not be considered traditional athletes. I've always had this passion for medical fitness and how fitness can be used as one of the tools to help people gain control in their lives. And I don't want to treat them as rehabilitation or as less than individuals, I want to push them as if they were in a sport and that sport is life. And my clients don't ask for personal records they say, I want to be able to have activities of daily living. I want to be able to pick up my grandkids. I want to be able to walk to the mall I want to be able to spend the money that I spent a whole lifetime accumulating going to travel or to do things. And they're not, they're not always the pretty folks that are in great leotards or a great workout clothes they're not on television, but they're, everyone has one of these, or more of these individuals in their family. And all they want to do is be able to do more. And my job, my passion, our clinics are all focused on how do we take people who can't do something but have the capacity to, they just don't know how. And they've been pushed away or forgotten by the traditional professionals. And that's where I like to come in. That's my passion and spend my passion for 40 years. And I love that so much in my clinic I do functional medicine so the patients who've been everywhere tried everything and will really look for that root cause and some of them are very disabled some of them are not. But I love that passion for those people who've kind of been forgotten by the traditional system and we share that in common don't we like just love. Do you know one of the things the, what, yes, we have clinics and we make money, but there's nothing better when somebody says, I was able to go back to Normandy to the beaches that I was, I was there when Normandy was was stormed, and I was physically able to go back with my family, or somebody said I was able to pick up my grand kid and I didn't think I'd ever be able to do that. No one has goals and and activities that they want to do but they're afraid or they've been told they can't. And it's our job. I think our professions job is to not cut their dream short, but to help them find a way to get there. And what I love is what you talked about to so many even fit people are afraid of gyms they're intimidated because like you said there's a lot of fit people with lots of muscles and spandex and there are 90% of the population that doesn't fit that model right. So I love that you're working with these people. And really, let's talk what is whole body vibration tell us more about this first of all what is it and how how do you use it in the work that you do. So let me take two minutes to go back 4050 years in history where imagine if we were to send an astronaut into space and we put them in a weightless environment. Well there is no such thing as weightlifting in space because it's weightless. So what what do we do we bring the astronauts back to earth, and they have lived in a in an environment, which is the most unhealthy environment that you can imagine. And those who have been in a weightless environment for a long time, they come back with with osteoporosis and they come back with muscles that have atrophied. So how do we, how do we stimulate muscle how do we stimulate bone, so that it does the right thing, but in that environment that doesn't work so well for them vibration was first used by the Russians. And one of the things that you may have remembered when you when you, when all of us were younger that quite often we never saw the the astronauts come out of the space capsules, they were pulled out crawled out and they were lifted into a to a helicopter. That's because they couldn't walk their muscles were not working very well. So vibration, you don't have to have a weight that you're pressing you're allowed you're able to use the vibration to stimulate muscle contraction, which takes the place of, you know, variety different ways of that lifting the weights the traditional way.  How do you keep warmed up how do you stay flexible and fluid and ready to compete after you've warmed up two hours ago. Well, Europeans figured out that if you use vibration, the muscles can maintain their flexibility and their warmth. And I use an analogy that I think is a, I think does well. Imagine if you were going to your kitchen and took out a box of spaghetti. And if you tried to bend that spaghetti would be very brittle. But if you put warm water over it, it becomes very loose and pliable. Well, imagine if you take a muscle in cross section looks identical to spaghetti. If you take warm blood, and you, you transfer that warm blood to the exercising muscles, then they stay warm and flexible, so that now we have, we prepare for activity, more efficiently than just going out and doing movement. So that was 4050 years ago. Now we've used vibration in a variety of settings from individuals who are so heavy that they can't do traditional walking and traditional exercise. As a stimulus to do more resistance, putting a multiplier on the weight that they might be lifting or performing as a way to prepare warm up, perform, do the activity and recover faster, so that the body goes back to a more resting or normal state. And that's what vibration does. It cuts the head off and says we're not going to worry about cognitively telling the muscles to contract. We're going to use vibration to stimulate the contraction of the muscle. We shunt, led to the muscle, the muscles work just as if we were telling it to, to go exercise. Wow. So, I'm just trying to wrap my mind around this because again I've known of vibration, tried at a time or two at the gym, but I've never really dove into the research. And I love one of my favorite things to do is how can we bio hack our physiology and do more with less or do something that actually, you know, short circuits like you said I bet I would love to hear about some of the kinds of clients you work with because these are probably people who can't do the normal things and yet you can get great physiological response when you add in vibration. Tell me more about like how you'd use this and what kinds of patients are especially effective for. So I'm giving a physiology example and if if I'm going over the head you just tell me and I'll bring it back down. Every muscle doesn't attach to a bone, only tendons attached to bones. And inside those tendons is something called a Golgi tendon organ. And that it's about the thickness and size of a hair. And it's a stretch receptor and all it does is send information back that says, you're pulling that muscle too tight, or we're just fine no problem at all. We're just relaxing. That protects us from pulling muscle and to prepare those muscles for activity and Golgi tendon organs are stimulated by vibration. So that if that Golgi tendon organ is being vibrated, it will release and allow the muscle to just expand or stretch a little bit more. If we have a rubber band, if we have a rubber band, and we stretch it this far and let go, it has a certain amount of energy that's created. But with vibration that Golgi tendon organ becomes very loose and pliable. So we can stretch that muscle even further and when we let go, more force or more capacity to contract. We're biohacking as you described. We're allowing the Golgi tendon organ to know you're okay. Your muscles are okay. We're warming up the tissue. We're not going to rip it away from the bone. We're going to warm up and get you ready to do the activity that you want to do. Every professional football team, every baseball team, every basketball team has vibration in its training camps and in their training facilities. But if you come to my facilities in Illinois, we have whole body vibration in our waiting room, because we don't want people to sit down. We want them to come into the waiting room and get on a vibration platform and start warming up so that their muscles are prepared for activity that we're going to do once the professional calls them into our spaces. I love that. I might think about getting one of my waiting room. That's a great, great idea. I just love that and it makes so much sense. So then you can take people. Obviously, I want to go into the bone density and osteoporosis because that's a big part of some of the patients that I treat. This can have so many applications from professional athletes to rehab to housewives to children. Is there any contradictions at all of people who shouldn't use it? Is there any other, is there any reason why someone should be careful? Whole body vibration is a form of exercise and exercise is good. Are there risks associated with exercise? Yeah, if you've just had surgery, you shouldn't be on a vibration platform. But if you've just had surgery, you should probably be speaking to your physician or your medical team about how much, how long, how intense exercise you should be doing. All it does is raises the level. If you have any of the issues that the American College of Sports Medicine would say be cautious with exercise, high blood pressure, chest pain, you have a joint replacement recently. All those kinds of issues get permission to exercise. But even if you don't use whole body vibration get permission to exercise. What vibration does is it makes the warm up a little bit more efficient and faster. It allows you to perform at a higher level, and it allows you to recover faster so you can go about your day to day activities. So if you're, if you're a pharmacist and you're on your feet all day, you may want to have vibration in order to keep the calf or the gastrocnemius muscle loose and flexible, the Achilles tendon loose and flexible. So there's circulation in your lower body. If your back is tight, you could use whole body vibration to massage and to get the back loose and more flexible. If you want to get a more intense exercise, instead of just doing a bicep curl or a pushup, a vibration, we usually set it at 30 to 40 hertz or 30 to 40 vibrations a second. So now you're not only doing the activity, but your muscles are going like this. It's an incredible challenging workout, so that you don't have to exercise for an hour at a time. You can still get a very good workout in a much shorter time. It doesn't take away the need for exercise. It's just a way to do it more efficiently, faster, and with with no increased risk. So I love this and I'm just going to start with the pride. I'm going to try to restate what I heard you saying and I wanted you to correct me if I've heard anything wrong. Say someone like me I love to walk I do some weight resistance I don't do a lot of high intensity but if I were to add it to my regimen, I could add it as like a warm up either doing some small either push ups or squats or something on there or I could actually do it two or three days a week as a alternative, doing the with the power plate how would you incorporate into someone's healthy kind of average, like how many minutes what kind of exercise would you do on it would be like a typical program for someone who's fairly healthy like myself. I'm going to give you a couple different real life scenarios for one, if you're going to go out for a walk today, you might, you might be on the vibration platform for two to three minutes, just to warm up the calves the hamstrings the lower and it's just allowing vasodilation in the periphery, more blood goes down to the periphery blood carries oxygen, you're warming up in the same way you would be warming up when you go out and exercise but you do it a little bit more efficiently.  So you can warm up a particular tissue, a little bit more efficiently. Okay, so nothing more than just a great way to warm up. Okay, but then you could also do so I didn't know that you're going to say it I think I'll say I can actually do a workout on it right but you can absolutely do a workout on it. So if you don't have that 45 minutes or an hour to go out and exercise, and you want to do some stretching, you can do both static and dynamic stretching. You can do strength training, you can do upper body lower body core. One of the nice things about power plate which is the vibration units that I use, they have a website that has, I don't know the exact number 1100 different exercise scenarios so you say, I'm this weight and this height, this is the body area that I want to work on. So here's 20 different ways of doing it for core. Here's 20 different ways to warm up. Here's 20 different ways to exercise with more intensity. So, once you take it out of the box and you plug it in. You have an app that allows you immediately to know what to do and not have to call someone like me to go. Okay, let's put us a program together. You have a personal trainer with the power plate, right. It's, and it's on your phone. Wow. This is what I want to, you're going out for your walk. What do you do. Your, your lower back hurts, how do you use it so that it feels good, and you're there for three, four or five minutes, and you go thank you very much, and now I'm ready to go and do some of other things I want to do for with my day. Wow, I love that makes it so easy. So let's move to the topic I keep bringing up with bone loss osteoporosis, or even deconditioning someone who hasn't been able to do much. Tell us more about the data around osteoporosis and bone density and why this has an effect on that. This is real important because there's so many articles that are across the spectrum, both positive and negative so I want to help help your listeners be be focused on what they should be looking for is vibration a panacea in a cure for osteoporosis. No. We know that exercise and putting force on bone is one of the ways to keep bones healthy. And with vibration, the part of the bone that you really are working on is not the cortical or the outside of the bone, but the trabicular that lattice structure that gives us the strength. And we know that vibration makes that lattice structure of the trabicular bone stronger.   But what vibration allows is that that vibration allows the muscles to pull on the tendons, the tendons pull on the bones. It creates the tension or force on the bones. And that's how trabicular bone increases. We do a lot of publications and they're all public information. They can go online and see that we use vibration as part of an exercise program, not as the only part of the exercise program. So they still have to get stronger. They still have to eat well. They still have to participate in balance activities, all the things that you want from a traditional exercise program. But with vibration, you're putting a lot of force safely on bone, you're making the muscle stronger, you're pulling on that bone, and the literature is fairly clear that that kind of stimulus is great for bone growth. Okay, that makes now comes the big but but it doesn't happen in just two weeks, you don't you don't use vibration and then two weeks later you move from osteoporosis into osteopenia. The time frame to make bones stronger is approximately a year. And someone says, well, a year, how terrible, how terrible. Well, if you use various pharmacology to hopefully make bones stronger, the physician desk references 18 to 36 months with side of potential side effects, and you still need exercise to get strong. So the year doesn't seem like such a bad trade off in my opinion. I love that. So first question is, does your center or do you have a website where people could access some of the stuff you've published, because I'm happy to share that here, your resources. Like power plate calm. There's a, there's a tab for research. And all of our studies are there. And my, my, my company, I don't, I'm not an employee of power plate. I have my own clinics. I just, I love the equipment because I see what it does for our patients. And that's why I'm here today. But if you go to bio density.com, we also have all of all of our studies of all in referee medical journals, and I encourage people to download them and see what what's there. I love this because I have a lot of physician to listen and a lot of very educated patients so they love going into the physiology and some of the papers and stuff so I'll be sure and link to both of those. Can I share with you what one study that I really am proud of is with spring point senior system living center in New Jersey. And we use vibration with individuals are living in a senior environment. And for 24 weeks, we were using vibration. And we were using different scales of activities of daily living, walking distance walking speed, being able to go upstairs, being able to come downstairs, better balance things that everyone wants to do in a daily daily routine. And the results were incredible that we were able to take 80 and up to 94 year old individuals, and they were able to walk further walk faster be able to lift more weight. They were able to move away from the stereotypical. Give them a cane, give them a walker, give them an implement, and the implement that we gave them was stronger bodies better balance more capability in the study with the spring point senior system living center. I'm very proud of to show what vibration can do. Wow, so that's tremendous that a couple questions on that first of all, what was the amount of time what was that the study implementation like as far as how many time, how many minutes per day that they use. So it was three days a week. 15 minutes of exercise but we don't do vibration 15 minutes in a row. We do a minute on a minute off a minute on at 15 minutes, you would be toast you wouldn't be able to. We are contracting it vibrations a second. Wow, 15 minutes of 30 vibrations a second. Not even the best strongest athlete in the world is going to be comfortable environment. So we recommend a minute on a minute rest a minute on a minute rest. And so that's a 30 minute protocol. And you in this study there was also a control group. And you can see that it's not just well they were doing some exercise, of course they were getting better, even with with the control group it was a very clean study that people would be. I think, oh, it's, it's an easy study to read. Oh, that could be me. I can make that into my life I could add that without making a big change in my, my lifestyle. I bet this isn't super three days a week for a 30 minute program is really doable right I knew that was probably the case and I wanted to hear it from you. The other thing, the other thing I'm thinking that we see with aging and with decrease in ability to do ADLs and all this kind of stuff is the sarcopenia which is muscle loss as we age and difficult with proprioception which is that and I'm guessing that both of those are strongly affected by the vibration, both the proprioception ability to be balanced and be able to tell where you are in time and space and then also with the muscle loss like sarcopenia, is that true. So that that's 100% true that's not my area of research, but I'm guessing there are 34500 wonderfully refereed published studies that that have demonstrated exactly what you're describing. Yeah, I'm thinking about elderly and how we and this is really like you said the function thing is so key even to keep you out of the hospital and hip fractures and all of that so there's a lot of heart long reaching effects of this. I do want to mention now that power play has been so generous as you hear, and again I know you don't work for them I don't either, but I was real excited to learn but they are giving any listener who's listening to this $600 off and 0% financing if you want to purchase. So be sure and check I'll put a link anywhere you hear this on podcast or on the webpage or on YouTube, you'll see a link and if you want to know more you are going to get a discount if you're interested, just want to mention that because I thought that was a really big deal, like that's a big discount. My kids always make fun of me that I'm not a very technical person I don't, I don't know how to program things I don't know how to do it. And one of the things I like about power play products is that you open up the box you plug it in, and it's ready to go. And if it's Jason proof, then I know that it works well. I'm just like you I don't know anything mechanical so I could fix the body but nothing else. So I love that because again I've been I've been I honestly don't own one but I might want my friends is involved in the company I've been thinking about so I think I'm going to have to purchase one and try it and me will have a follow up interview in a few months and I can tell you what's happened in my life with that. People want to move. They just don't know how sometimes and my job is to take the mystery out, or people asking for perfection. Yeah, there's nothing perfect here it's just get started. Yeah, and if we can get them started for five minutes, then we can make that 10 minutes and if we can make it 10 minutes. They usually feel a little bit better when they're sleeping when they're when they're getting in out of the car when they're on an airplane for four or five hours, when they're working at a desk for X amount of time. And if you go, if 10 minutes gives me this feeling of more control and more capacity. Well what does another few minutes do for me. Instead of saying you have to do it in our every day, which for some is just great, but most of my clients go, I don't have that time I don't have that ability. Show me what I can do in 10 or 15 minutes. And that's why we like vibration so much. I love this because again I'm always looking for ways to optimize performance with less time because we all have these time constraints so super exciting. Gosh, that's so much good information I wonder if you'd like if there's anything else you'd like to share that we haven't talked about, or perhaps there's a story or two of someone you've seen that you've seen some really amazing success in your clinics and and you have actually it's like a fitness center right and isn't in Chicago. Our fitness center would disappoint a lot of folks. I don't, I want our clients to feel like they don't need to be in a fitness center in order to get fit. I want them to be able to use the carpet on the floor in their living room, and to use gravity as as a resistance to use range of motion to know how to put the body in a position where they can be more flexible more to be fit, better muscular endurance, and I use vibration to enhance those particular components. My, my clients are not are not on the front page of sports magazines, my clients are look outside and go who's walking outside, who are your who's in your family, who's in your circle of friends who say this hurts, or I wish I could do now fill in and it's my job to create a program in an atmosphere where they get, we can do that, we can, we can modify that activity, we can start small and build up in with vibration. It gives me a tool that allows me to take even the most deconditioned individual and get them started in a safe environment. I have lots of 350 and 400 pound clients. Well, just physically moving can be a challenge. So I can put them on a vibration platform and keep them safe. Have their muscles contracting and give them a really good workout. And then we can start adding more cardiovascular more movement, because their body is better prepared. I see a lot of people who are 8590 my oldest client is 94. Most people say, you know what, just sit and relax.  They don't want to be seen as, as less than they want to know what capacity do I have, and everyone has told them, you have nothing left. And it's my job, it's our job to not only say you have lots left, but how do we get there. And vibration is a tool, it's a. I have a tool, I have lots of tools in my tool kit vibration is one of the tools that I can use for almost everybody that allows them to prepare or warm up more comfortably and faster to perform and do the activities that they want to do, and to recover so that they don't have those muscle that muscle soreness, and they're able to come back tomorrow and go, Well, that's pretty good I think I'll try it again.  I love that this is so practical so and again I've learned a ton because I've seen these, and I tell you what my, my, my feeling of thoughts as I haven't owned one before. I look in the gym and I'm intimidated I'm like what do I do with that thing right, but I'm excited because the best thing about this is it kind of brings you to have a home trainer you have the programs are all built in there with the app. I don't have to figure out what to do that's my most exciting thing. And your needs today. Yeah, may not be the needs that you have next week or next year. There may be issues with with rehabilitation with pelvic floor issues. So say someone did have a knee surgery or hip surgery and when their doctor cleared them. I'm assuming this would be a great tool for rehab to work with their physical therapist and rehab right. Like the best living for 40 years. I want to make sure this really clear because you know if you're listening out there and you've been through surgery and your doctor clears you I'm thinking that's what I'm going to recommend for patients. This is a not. This is a an exercise device that's been around for 40 years that people are just discovering. Yeah, right. It's important that we turn the switch on so that we're not a immobile or a inactive population. Yeah, this is one of the ways I found that. Okay, I feel better the muscles are warmed up. There's a little bit better circulation. Now I can get out and do things instead of going. That's when we get that feeling where someone can move and move more effectively. I can do almost anything with them, because they go that feels movement feels good. Exercise does feel good when you do it correctly vibration it prepares the body to do it a little bit more efficiently. Wow. This has been absolutely tremendous. I am so grateful for your time and expertise and all the 40 years of work that you've done to help people who maybe didn't know they could move or thought they were you know too heavy or too ill or too old all these things that were told and it's really really exciting and like I said especially my people who with osteoporosis with post surgical issues where they're trying to rehab joints or tendons or whatever. So exciting. Thank you again for your time. I really really appreciate it. Thank you. In our office we have a sign that says if someone tells you you can't do that, fire them and find a team that can help you do it in a safe way. And with vibration, we learn how to help everybody do it in a safe way. Brilliant. That's a perfect way to end Dr. Convizer. Thank you so much for your time. I really really appreciate it today. It's exciting to learn new ways to do things and to help all of our patients no matter what age they are. It's a pleasure meeting you and thank all your listeners. Thank you very much.


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Y'all know me. I'm not one of those Ravens fans that's like oh every single thing that they do I agree with it every single move that they make is great now. Y'all know I'm not like that If I like something I'll let you know if I dislike something I'll let you know But we try to make sure that we let you know respectfully and we handle everything that we do on this channel With respect because obviously nothing is ever personal against anybody who we we mentioned what we talk about any of that stuff So with Eric Acosta He is the Ravens GM and he is responsible for Assembling the roster that we see on a week-to-week basis from our favorite football team And if you if you watching this and you're not a Ravens fan You're soon to be favorite football team or a team that you just want to keep up with we're just fine I still love you But with the Roquan Smiths trade I felt like that was a really really good move By Eric Acosta. It was a good trade. He only gave up gave up a second round pick and a fifth round pick and AJ Klein To inherit Roquan Smith first round talent first round pick One of the best linebackers in the game and he has obviously made an immediate impact With the Baltimore Ravens as we saw Against the New Orleans Saints and we'll see I mean he's been playing in Chicago for the past well four years So him playing in cold weather in Baltimore this Sunday against the Panthers that shouldn't be nothing nothing for him Especially with how it's not even just cold in Chicago against windy and cold so it can be even colder So this is gonna be like summertime for him this Sunday. But anyway Another bonus like not even a bonus but just something else that showed like how good of a trade it was For the Baltimore Ravens was the fact that like the Chicago Bears are paying they're paying like 95% of Roquan Smith's salary For this year So the Ravens have him and I know it's just half the season but still they got him for super super super cheap He's on a very cheap deal now obviously the Bears they they got rid of him because they were like we ain't about to re-sign them No, thanks.  I think everybody expects it to definitely get done but I Saw it my guy Tyler G he hit me up on Twitter and he was like look at this and I looked and I said, oh wow and I saw that AJ Klein he got released from the Chicago Bears and And I was like wow and right when I saw that I was thinking like man this like To me it really made ADC look like even more of a genius for this trade it really did and The reason I say that is because what's AJ Klein this amazing NFL player what not? Well, he obviously was good enough. He's been playing for a while but With AJ Klein, I wonder first off I wonder how long the the Ravens were talking to the Bears about Roquon Smith for And I wonder with him being a part of the trade package. Was he like the cherry on top? I think about that a little bit of time because it's like alright They offer the second and the fifth where the Bears like hesitant or whatnot where the Bears like oh We don't know about all that so they like, you know what AJ Klein and then the Bears like, okay, let's go Was he something that really pushed the deal over the top? Because if so even if not so but he was still a part of the trade package So whether he was what pushed it over the top or not He was part of the package but for them to trade somebody to the Chicago Bears and For the Bears to still be paying such a large amount of Roquon Smith salary and Then for that player who was included in the trade To be released It's like wow That that's a great move by Eric Dacasa and of course again He did give up the second and the fifth round picking the Bears. They were thinking about the future and whatnot. So that's fine But I just some it made me love the move That much more It really did and then I know it's something just like it's super simple, but It's still big in my eyes because you were able to You think they just signed AJ Klein like maybe like a month and Changed it about a month ago. They signed AJ Klein Then they had him on the roster and whatnot and then really Where we really saw AJ Klein first we saw him in I forget which game it was and I was I thought that he was gonna Be cut after this game. I forgot what game it was But it was a game where AJ Klein. He made a silly a Really silly mistake on special teams that cost the Ravens 15 yards and I was thinking I forget what your game It was I know one of y'all will remember much better than I will but I remember thinking when I saw that play I was like, oh He's out of here. He is probably gonna be gone He's probably gonna be cut because that's the special teams playing Raven's got a special teams coach and John Harbaugh You know, he don't play about no special teams and it ain't like AJ Klein got like this lot He locked down his spot on the roster anything like that But he they didn't cut him So again thinking about that it makes this move look even better, but they didn't cut him. So then a couple of weeks later in the Bucks game in the Bucks game He was on display and there was this one drive where he made play Afterplay I think it was just two plays, but it was really nice plays Really nice tackles in the backfield and that changed that Bucks drive because they were moving the ball But I'm pretty sure that they ended up having to settle for a field goal on that drive I don't remember for sure, but he made those two plays. So it was like man This dude got put on display showing like hey, he could still make some stuff happen and Then like a week later he gets traded to the Bears and it's part of this Roquan Smith deal So again looking back at it actually not even looking back at it Initially when we first found out about the details of the trade I thought wow a good move really really good move especially for what what you're getting and who you're getting And then a week later when we got to finally see him play Yeah, oh I'm with this all day, man And then and then another week later with the Bears releasing somebody who was part of the trade is like Wow, that just makes it look that much better, but that was it man I just I had to share that with y'all cuz I really appreciated that man I didn't and like I always say I tell people this all the time. I love I absolutely love the um, I love the game the actual game of football What that when they play on Sundays and Mondays and Thursdays and sometimes Saturdays and remember last year when they played on Wednesday and But yeah, I love the game of football itself But I also just as much as I love the game of football.  I love it That's why the offseason is just as much fun for the end season for me Because a lot of those moves are made a lot of those business moves are made So I just really appreciated this business move From Eric the cost of this wasn't definitely a deal where both sides both sides definitely benefited Bears get to help build for the future getting that second and fifth round pick from the Ravens. Hopefully That pick ends up being 32 it'd be nice if those picks end up being 32 we'll see But so they get to build for the future But then with the Ravens, it gives them an immediate impact player somebody right away Right away that made a big difference and hopefully they will continue to make a big difference a shout out to Roquon Smith But yeah, man, I just had to give give EDC his props again for this trade because It's like this still this obviously still benefited from it, but the Bears with them releasing AJ Klein It just it made it look that much better. So team keep it clean. I appreciate y'all. I love y'all shout out to EDC for this one and just like AJ Klein is with the Bears and Roquon Smith, I mean he was with the Bears like two years. I mean it's two weeks ago, but Just like AJ Klein is after being released. I'm out


I'm Carmen Ermo and I'm Sarah Softness, Assistant Curator of Special Projects. We are your session hosts for session three. In session three, we're covering a wide range of topics, so from spirituality to sexuality. Here we're hearing from business and philanthropic leaders as well as from women who have galvanized millions. So it is my pleasure to introduce our first conversation. We're bringing together colleagues from the Open Society Foundations. We've generously supported this conference. Google and Cheddar Inc. So with that, please help me welcome Alvin Starks, Rashida Bumbray, William Floyd, and Anjali Kumar. Good afternoon. What an incredible day. I'm super honored and thankful to Bonnie, Tom, and for this invitation. And I'm super honored to be here with my colleagues, Alvin Starks, Anjali Kumar, and William Floyd to talk about this important role of philanthropy and also the private sector in driving social change through culture and art. So I just sort of wanted to bring us into this conversation with the great understanding and I think we all have in this room today and that is that this political moment necessitates us to be responding. It necessitates us to be able to think on our feet and to move aside the layers of bureaucracy that exist in the various fields that we're working in to move us forward in terms of the political reality but also the political and collective imagination. So I wanted to really begin this conversation really with William because I think the great legacy of lynching exhibition, which I'm sure many of you all experience, is a really wonderful example of the way that museums who, you know, those of us that have worked in museums, we know that there can be sort of a dinosaur kind of timeframe that we work under. You know, we're studying for this exhibition for five years and then, you know, we present it to a million people. And finally, when it's time to make the exhibition, you know, it's gone through all of these things but what does it really mean to respond in your curatorial work, in your director work and also in your role at Google to make the things happen that can respond to the political reality of the day? So William, I really wanted to begin with you and sort of talk about what it means to be responsive in your work and how have you been able to really foreground the importance of art in the conversation about not only our political reality but our historical memory and the necessity of actually telling the truth about history so that we can deal in reality but then also begin to imagine the future that we want to live in. Google's work with EJI and the exhibition, the beautiful exhibition, the haunting exhibition that was here most recently at the Brooklyn Museum was actually born out of the company and specifically the employees need and desire to respond to the horrific, racially motivated killings that started two years ago. So in the wake of the Charleston shootings and the shootings of Michael Brown and Eric Garner, Google employees led by the Black Employee Resource Group held a series of awareness campaigns to show solidarity with the movement and that spurred the company and particularly the foundation to figure out how can we support our employees and most importantly, how can we support the communities that are being affected by this through philanthropy. So through our inclusion grants, we created a racial and social justice portfolio where we gave out at least at the time a total of $5 million that's now going to $20 million. Yes, incredibly impactful but we kind of knew just intrinsically that we needed to do more, we wanted to do more and particularly through our philanthropy, we wanted to know how can we really promote the change that we demand, that we all demand and that led us to reaching out to Brian Stevenson initially to advise us like what should we be doing knowing of the great work that he and the Equal Justice Initiative does, we thought he is the best person to help us and he was the one who very smartly said, what you're doing is tactical. What you need to be doing is the strategic work to change the narrative around what's happening because what you're seeing is just a slice. What history shows you is that this is a part of a longer, more horrific structural response to race in this country and that culminated in a very moving speech that Brian gave to Google and as I was saying to Anjali, who's also a former Googler, it was so moving that our founders were like, okay, we need to write him a check right now. So, and that embarked us on an incredibly moving partnership that culminated not only in us just giving him money and supporting Brian's effort to create a memorial museum to the legacy of lynching, but we again, feeling compelled to change that narrative, we thought like what can we do? So, we thought, A, we're a technology company, we're completely out of our depth, but we know technology, what can we do? So, we thought let's underwrite this with data, let's get the information out there about how this legacy starts from lynching to segregation to mass incarceration. Let's help Brian tell that story, but we knew data wasn't the only thing that we could do. For most of the world, we think data's dry and we thought if we wanna change the narrative, we need art, which then gave rise to us creating this exhibition with Brian, which gave rise to a film which is amazing curricula, but again, we knew we needed to do more and that's when we turned to Ann and Sarah, who I really have to battle down because once we launched this initiative, we realized like oh, this really should have a home in art. There needs to be a dialogue with art so that this could be illuminated. Who can we talk to? Who can we do this with? And also, who can do this in like five weeks' time? Because literally, that's the Google way, like can we do this quickly? And I raised this with J.A. Ford and David Berliner who works here and they ran back to Ann and Ann was like, we have to do this. And that culminated in an amazing exhibition on the legacy of lynching that not only spotlights the work that we did with Brian, but put that in dialogue with art so that people could see artists forever have been talking about the racial injustice that unfortunately seems to be a foundational element to our country. Thank you. You know, I think what was most amazing for me is someone that comes from the art world and has been living with the work of Glenn Ligon for many, many years was how these works from the Brooklyn Museum Collection could actually sing in a different way and could speak in a different way. And so even this work from Glenn Ligon that looks at, I always wondered what would happen to all of that beauty, this concept from James Baldwin. I think it was really sort of beautifully contrasted with the reality of this moment of these women walking with the jars, with the names of their loved ones to collect the soil at the base of the tree where he was lynched. And I think that sort of walking in that reality reminds us that so many of us will never have an opportunity to actually be in the place where these atrocities happen and acknowledge that these atrocities happen there, but we all live in that reality. We all live in that sort of collective imaginary space but also political reality of racial trauma. And so I think the way that this shows juxtaposed these very real stories but with these metaphoric artworks, what really spoke to the power of the artworks but also spoke to this idea that Sadia Hartman said of, I live in the time of slavery because I live in the future created by it, so that we're living in the time of lynching right now. And I think that this exhibition really incredibly brought us all into that reality and obviously the work that EJI will do moving forward with the memorialization of the spaces. We'll continue to do that. Thank you. I wanted to also, Anjali, speak to you just really about the role that you've played and it was amazing to me to realize that you've been doing this even at the kitchen, sort of bringing people from various professions and ways of approaching ideas into the necessity of art, right? And so I would love to hear you just talk about not only your role at Google and Cheddar but also your role as a board member for Amplified and the way that you sort of see the necessity of your role in the private sector to drive these conversations. But they're really interested and passionate about art and having this sort of private sector event and where I ended up working a lot in the private sector, a lot in the conflict as well, but where to me art is everything that's all around me. It's what I was raised with so I have a very strong love and appreciation from a lay aide, which may not be... To me art is a compass. It's a moral compass, especially in these dark times where they can speak in ways that words can't where it just provides that guidance. So I think it's just something that is simple that we can all gather around to put in an actual firework. I'm sure. Oh, sorry. I don't know what I'm talking about. Is it fun? Do you mind if I talk? Do you mind if I talk? Do you mind if I talk? Is it good? You can have fun. Mind if I talk? You can just say that. Here they are. Hello. You missed all the brilliant things that just started. I'm going to regroup then. So I was raised by an artist mother. Art to me is very much a moral compass and provides context and guide posts and all the rest of it. And I think it can act that way within institutions too, within companies. And I think having been sort of born and raised within the Google framework of having worked there for a long time, I think what they did was incredibly brave and I think they shouldn't be the only ones doing it. I think all companies in this moment, they need to stand up. They need to be more vocal. They need to be providing that leadership and taking a stand on things. And so to me it's just not, it's non-negotiable. These are not political issues. They are not, they're not really issues up for debate. These are fact-based things. And so we can look at the data, as William said, and say these things happened and these things are not okay and these corporations are in an incredible position with incredible brand microphones and the spaces in communities to be able to house these conversations and to push these things. And I just think it's all of our responsibility. And so I'm not here speaking on behalf of Cheddar. I work for a news organization now and they need to maintain a maximum degree of neutrality and I understand that, but I think as leaders within a corporate community, it's really important that we take a stand that are strong about it. Because I've probably just done a great job. Thank you. And I think one of the other things that is really interesting and I know it was great to hear the presentation about Amplified is like how, because I think working with artists my whole life, all artists hope and imagine that their work would be accessible to the whole world. Obviously they think about a specific audience, but I think this idea of making artworks available to people for a functional purpose is really incredible. And I think it also talks about this idea of how do we respond to this moment? What are the needs? And so I think thinking about the news, I mean obviously how did the news become a controversial sort of idea that it exists to tell us the truth, right? I think even that very premise is now in the dialogue and up for conversation. So I think it puts it on the plane with art, right? Where the maker is bringing a truth, but that truth is meant to be interpreted and that truth that we have to meet it there, right? We have to do the same work that the artist made. So I think sort of bringing people the way that you do from different sectors to this conversation to understand their role is so important. To not be reticent and I think again, people might feel like they can't step into the fray because they have customers on both sides of the aisle or users on both sides of the aisle and that's fine if you don't wanna step into the deep fray but there's plenty of issues out there that are like you said sort of up for debate which just shouldn't be that are fact based so step into those, right? So if Google can take on something like lynching and talk about those racial injustices in such a powerful way that I think the rest of us should be scared to talk about climate change, like that feels like. Right, right, because look, don't get me wrong. We were scared. We went into this entire discussion but once you're there, you realize it and you mentioned it in terms of Rashida, the idea of illuminating the thing that is obscured or highlighting the voice or the narrative or the history that has been shunned is actually kind of a part of our mission. We believe in information, we believe in data, we believe in supporting, having platforms that support everyone's discussion point and when we saw this, we just felt morally compelled. Thank you. I want to move to my colleague Alvin who I had the great pleasure of working with at the Open Society Foundations and in his work and he can speak for himself but I first just wanna say that everyone at Open Society Foundations is so glad that Alvin came back and so he had a sort of 10 year, 10 year out in the world where Open Society Foundations just held the string out for him and now that you're back, I mean you've been back for a year and the sort of way that you've galvanized people around racial justice is really incredible and around the necessity of culture in the conversation for racial justice and so I would love for you to just speak a bit about your perspective and the way that you sort of see these things as braided together as you say. Perfect. It's not a surprise to me that the Schaumburg Center for Resource so I must admit, I feel like that was just a prophetic doorway into coming back into philanthropy from like one 35th to 57th and those worlds could not be further apart and what I wanted to do was to kind of bring those worlds together. It was interesting hearing Anjali as well as William talk about these words of illuminating and darkness and I do think this is the role of artist and if anything I believe that the artist is the soul of social justice movements and it was great to really hear so many people bring reverence to the great James Baldwin. I feel like you can't have a conversation about arts and social justice without thinking about Brother Jimmy. And just the sheer idea which I think is really clear here is that art actually illuminates that's the role of the artist to really take these dark, uncomfortable moments and to create another vision, a radical vision as someone said earlier in the presentation and so I do believe that if one takes on, I think in foundations I kind of think of myself as a curator that I'm pulling together various grants to sort of make a narrative story and that these grants have to make sense and that I have a whole template of things to sort of work with, right? Money being just one part of it but I think the partnership that you spoke of really making these things interconnected and making them very obvious. The other thing I just wanted to say that the idea of arts and social justice has always been with us. It's not new, it's like it might be new to you but it's not new, right? And I think one of the earlier, if you were to coin the phrase Afrofuturistic artist was Aaron Douglas. I think his work and actually creating an alternative vision during the Harlem Renaissance really made the pathway for what became the civil rights movement. If you don't have a vision of your people then you always stay where you are. And I think Douglas's murals were very much a part of that, right? So they showed up obviously in magazines. They showed up in books. They were very much a live part of really creating the milieu, the kind of excitement for both social justice demand but also vision. And so art has always been braided together inside these movements. Like if you were to close your eyes, these movements have songs, they have dances. They come with cultural creations that are necessary, right? It's not just the march but it's all the other cultural elements that are a part of it. The other next slide. Thank you. Thank you. And you know what's interesting is like we're currently in a moment right now thinking about culture, about who we are. I think American identity is changing and shifting. And in the past we actually had very strong identities of what kind of culture we were wanted to be. So you know these Robert E. Lee statues are very much about putting them in public spaces and they're really meant to celebrate someone and demean someone else. This question of who belongs, whose other, that's all raptured inside what art can do. And they also bring them to the fold that societies and civilizations have to change. When you think about just when regimes happen they necessarily have to shift the culture, right? They have to take down whatever ideas you have of gods, of culture and they have to replace them with something else. So even when you look at this current administration it's attack upon the national endowment is very clear, right? It's as much an attack on Muslim men as well as the artist industries. And if you miss that you're looking to be in shock because those things are really interdwelling. Also at OSF, you know, in rethinking ourselves I actually do run a civil justice portfolio. It's a racial justice portfolio. So it's not in the classic arts framework. I saw earlier my colleague Roberta Luna who's at Ford had an arts based project and we work together on some hip hop actives and work back in the, brrr. But anyway, we currently have a fellowship program that actually does support multidisciplinary works and it's because of Rashida we decided to also include artists and documentary makers. And so one of the artists that we supported was Hank Willis-Thomas who was also here earlier. Yeah. I should have brought that slide earlier. So what's interesting about Hank's work is that obviously it's this acrofit, right? That's actually right, symmetrically across from a statue of Frank Rizzo who was a mayor of Philadelphia who actually was just, just decimated black communities and also launched an attack upon the Black Panthers as well. And so what you are seeing is a public conversation about race without words. It's actually creating a space around who belongs, who doesn't, what does other mean, what does America mean. And it's actually all of these different ideals, right? Like the pic really is symbolic not just the notion of being black but actually belonging, right? So this conversation for us is really bringing together race and the arts so that they are much more realigned and really recognizing that we can actually do more. And the other thing, my final point is that I also recognize that people understand race through arts and culture. That's what people actually learn most about Muslim communities and American communities. They learn it through the media, they learn it through culture. So if we do not pay attention to those spaces that's gonna be our mistake as America currently re-envisions itself. Thank you. And I think that just to sort of ground us, my work at the Open Society Foundations works with all of the thematic and regional programs throughout 56 countries to encourage and support the inclusion of art and artists in human rights and social justice strategies. And I think it's a very radical model, experimental model, but I think we see that if we don't actually participate in the cultural narrative, we end up in this political moment. And so I'm really grateful for all of the work that all of you are doing to help us actually envision the reality and create the reality that we may not live to see, but that we need to get to collectively. Thank you.


I have a new parcel. This has just arrived via eBay from London. Hopefully it contains replacement parts for my plotter, which has shown up on the channel before. I managed to bodge the plotter back into working order after discovering that the stepper motor bearings were fried. And this should contain a, for parts only, plotter module for the same plotter. Hopefully I will be able to extract the spare parts I need to fix it from this. So let's open it up and see what it looks like. This is actually a little bit odd. I was talking to the seller about postage to Switzerland when suddenly they said they weren't going to charge me and sent it to me for free, which is a little bit surprising. I mean, the postage is not inconsiderable, but thanks very much and Merry Christmas. So, ow! I avoid trying to cut myself. What have we got here? We have a extremely manky plotter and a bunch of paperwork, which I shall get out of the way so that I don't have to pixelate it. So this is the shell of the plotter. It's got the plotter module inside. It looks like the bits are all there. This is a different model to mine. Just looking at mine. Mine does not have this silver plastic. It's white beige, but it is still the TRS80CGP115. Oh, wow! Serial number 1782. Well, I shall... Actually, I am just wondering whether to try and power this up and see if it works or to take the lid off first. Let's power it up, I think. Oh, hang on. There's a pen in it. There's a full load of pens in it, that's nice. These pens are incredibly hard to find. So, okay, that's not moving. So the failure modes for these plotters are typically that the nasty nylon gears fail. These are friction fit gears that go on the end of the stepper motor axles and they shrink over time and eventually they crack and jam. And that feels jammed. I'm not particularly bothered about that because I only really want stepper motors, but if the entire module works, I can just replace the one in my printer with this one. But it looks like it's not. Okay, let's get some power and see what this does when I turn it on. Okay, here it is. I've put a roll of paper in it. This is something I drew on the other printer. It's a classic piece of vector art from Techtronics. And you notice that it's all kind of mangled. This is because the other printer would occasionally miss steps and nothing lined up properly. And this is the fault that I'm trying to fix. So I've got a power cable from the other printer. I think that's off. Plug it in. Turn this on. This is actually trying to draw something on the roller. Yep, that is broken. Put the paper in. I actually also found another pen in the case. The paperwork seems to come from the original seller. This plotter came imported from the US. So it's possible that my seller wanted a working one and when it discovered that it wasn't working, sold it off on eBay to me. Which is fine. Feeding paper in is a little bit tricky. Okay, so let's try the self-test. Well, the pen has failed. Yeah, this is supposed to be drawing text, but the head isn't moving. That grating noise is bouncing against the end stops. So I am going to guess that the nylon bearings have died. Hopefully it's not the stepper motor. All right, let's open her up and see what there is to see. The main thing I'm seeing is a lack of screws holding it together. The case is quite beaten up. It's got these nasty plastic clips, which I'm not sure the other one had. There you go. Yeah, this has been opened up. We go and it's the same as the other one. So if you've watched that video, you'll see all this. This one goes round. This one does not. I'm going to mark the... I'll attempt to mark the... I need a felt pen for that. I'll attempt to mark the roller so that I can tell what the... how many times it goes round. So let's put a green mark there. That's actually going around more than once. That suggests that the nylon bearing has not failed. This looks to be in considerably worse condition than mine. So what could be jamming? So it's maybe a quarter of a turn of this one and it's one rotation of the internal gear here. So it's incredibly grubby. I wonder if there might just be grit in the teeth. So I'm probably, I guess, going to have to remove and replace the stepper motors. I have actually managed to get the stepper motors out of the other plotter. So I do know approximately how to do it, but it's a really annoying dismantling process. There's a lot of stuff that's friction fit and just very tight. Okay, well that hasn't done anything. So other things it could be, there's the head moves on this wire belt. As you can see here, it goes around a couple of pulleys. So the pulleys could have failed. They're quite tight, so that seems strangely flexible. The belt is tensioned by this spring and I'm wondering if I can unhook it or whether that's even a good idea. Let me try and get the spring out so I can see it. Yes, it does hook onto a loop at one end. I have a feeling that, I'm doing that's a really bad idea. Or I could just push hard. Well, I know it's not the fault of the stepper motor because otherwise it would be failing at a single revolution of this little gear. So it must be something to do with this. There is some gunk in the thread. Let's get something finer.  That's improved things a lot. I have a feeling that the problem here is just that it's filthy. Now it's wedged in two positions. I'll play with this for a little bit but then I think I just need to bite the bullet and remove the stepper motors. I don't think that's going anywhere. Let's just remove this. The other one is in much better condition anyway. So I will attempt to put the stepper motors from this module into the other one which will then give me a almost mint in the box plotter. Although I have done a fair bit of work on the other one which turned out to be unnecessary eventually replacing part of the power supply. So the plotter module is fastened in by two bolts. So I'm going to need to immobilise the bolts at this end while undoing the screws. Really get a small set of spanners. Now I need to do the other side. If you're lucky the nut rather will have wedged and make it easy to remove which I think it has. No it hasn't. Sorry this isn't much to look at due to size and focus issues. Alright this just moves and I can get the... Here is the focus. It's just a mangled mess. So that's the way. Alright so here is the plotter module itself. It's an off the shelf thing. They were used in a whole bunch of different plotters of which this was one. They are cheap and cheerful and pretty lightweight. So in order to get at the motors I need to remove this uppercase here which just unclips more or less and is fastened in in a slightly odd way which I can't remember how I'm supposed to get it out. It's just cosmetic. It doesn't actually do anything. Ah yes there's a little spring clip there thing. And that exposes the stepper motors. So now I have a bit of a better look. Just looking at these nylon bolts. Nuts, gears, nylon gears. I think they're alright which will be nice as removing them is probably going to be a complete pain. So I wonder if the problem is... Well the problem must be these little ones here anyway. Next stage is to remove the stepper motors. The stepper motors are also bizarre friction fit things which are spectacularly difficult to get out. So first I have to undo this screw which is behind the piece of the mechanism and which is very much wedged. That was me knocking part of my microphone setup off. Okay that's not working. I don't think I've got anything else small enough for this. I wonder about a flat head. I have a very small flat headed quarter inch bit. Do. So this one I actually do have to get out. It's... I have to remove it in order to get the motor out. It doesn't have to go back in again although it would help but it does need to come out. I'm just trying to think of what I could do here. I think some penetrating oil is probably called for. Okay good old fashioned WD-40. I just want a tiny amount. Let's attempt to do this on camera shall we? Just need a tiny amount. That wasn't a tiny amount. Okay so I will then leave it for 10 minutes and come back and have another go. Okay that's been 15-20 minutes so let's have another go and see if this screw will shift. No, no it's not. Okay I need a screwdriver with some more torque to it. Okay here's one that will fit. The problem is the space is quite limited so trying to get in there is hard. I might have to remove those gears which I don't want to do. Yeah it's not quite working. Okay let us attempt to remove the gears. There's a couple of retaining clips. There's one so that slides off. Yuck and then this is a friction fit. This one's split. Can't quite see it but I can stick my fingernail in. Okay of course this is the side that seems to be working so that could have been harmless. Okay there we go. So that unscrews and now this is clipped in in a bizarre sort of way and just pops out like that. Unwind the cables and I will need to desolder these in a moment. Alright now let's try this side. Actually before I do that let's put these back on again so I don't lose them. That goes on there. That goes on there. That goes on here. It does go on here by honest. I mean it came off it should go back on again. Mixed so and kept. Alright now for this side the same thing applies except this particular lever arm is even more awkward. So can I get this in? Let's try one of the small screwdrivers first to see if that will help. Okay I'm going to have to remove this spring clip. Actually this is how you do it. Yes that just falls off. Okay so this then comes out but it's still fastened on by that belt so it doesn't come off completely. Now can I think I can bend this out of the way using one of my several hands. That's not working either. I wonder if this is going to have to come off. Well this is the pulley from this side of the belt which has come loose. So that will clip back on again in here. I was just going to check to see if this went round. Yeah that's fine. Nothing wrong there. It's not in great shape to be honest and in fact I've done that wrong because that needs to come to this side of the cable. So the cable can go over there. Okay and now I need to still need to get this screw on done. There we go. Okay so now the motor pops out the same way. Now I need to get the screw out completely but it's retained because it's stuck on the arm. So that comes out like that. Now the motor should just pop out. Come on. Okay this is kind of a mess but the next thing I want to do is to power the thing up with the motors removed to make sure the motors go round and that there's lots of torque. So this shouldn't be too tricky. This one's turning. I think there's a decent amount of torque there but I can't stop it from vibrating with my fingers. I thought I would get more than that. I don't know. Okay so now I need to remove these from the board. They will just unsolder. Each of them is fastened by a bunch of wires. I think both motors are identical. So it's important to remember what colour the wires are which is one reason why I'm doing all this on video but I shall go away and take a manual photo anyway on my phone. Okay I lost some video there. I don't know whether that was the camera turning itself off but I have now finished with this so I can put this aside unless I want to remove the logic board because I know the logic board is probably fully functional. It's easy enough to take off again if I need it. So let's put this incredibly manky thing aside. A little bit of tidying and now we're going to start disassembling my nice one. This is going to be a little bit more fraught as I don't want to break the nice one. Okay here it is. A little bit dusty. See this one is white plastic where the other one wasn't. So let's just take the screws off. This is in beautiful condition. Yeah if you look at the serial number here this one is like 86,000 whereas that one was 1700 so that was to be an early model and this is a much later one. And you will see that this is almost exactly the same. Now the differences are this is a replacement buck regulator I put in. This one powers the logic. I tried to replace the linear regulator but it's still plugged in here except it can't produce enough power to run the solenoid. So everything worked fine except for the solenoid. I have however attached a heat sink to the linear regulator because it got really worryingly hot. Here is the mechanism. These are the bodges I've put in to put pressure on the stepper motor bearings so they don't skip. I don't need any of that anymore so let's remove it. That was very much a bodge. Okay this is actually epoxied in so that will stay. And now what I'm going to need to do is to remove the motors and solder these back in where they were. So the first thing is clearly to take the module off. Now these screws are much easier to take in and out. I think I can do it with my fingers just stick my thumb on the nut to stop it turning and just undo. So we've got a washer and a nut. The other one I do kind of hope these motors work and that they don't suffer from the same problem as the last one. I thought I would get more torque out of them actually. I'll have to compare with these. So again we have a nut and a washer. So this thing will now come out. I have actually removed the motors on this before so hopefully this should be easier. I said easier. And now I remember that you don't actually have to take the screws out completely although that one did actually come out. And this one really helps now you know now I know how to actually do it and I don't have to dismantle everything. Assuming I can do this one. Come on, too tight. Yeah I'm going to have to remove this retaining clip after all. At least I didn't have to do the other one. Oh yeah. I keep forgetting that this is how you do this. Like so. Carefully lift this out of the way. Undo the screw. This time I'm going to be careful not to lose the loops of wire. Screw is not going around. Actually I'm not sure I have had this motor out. I know I've had the other one out. I unhook the spring. Does that help at all? Not really. I wonder if I need some WD-40. Yeah that's just not biting. Okay let's put this on when I try and figure out what to do. I think I will try a drop of penetrating oil and another short delay because I think that actually helped last time. There we go. I just want to be careful not to get any on this because it might melt it. I think that will do. So short delay while it soaks in and then let's have another go. Alright it's been a little while. Let's try this again in the hope that it works. Huh. That's going around perfectly smoothly now. Wow. WD-40 really works. Let's take that out completely. More or less. Like so. And then I should just be able to lever this off. Okay so we carefully unspool the cables and I'm not going to take them off just yet because I want to compare these. So this one is... I can feel the stepping behaviour of the motor rather more firmly than this one. This one is smoother. What about this one? Yeah for that one as well. Okay let's give us some power and see what happens. Yeah these are generating much less torque than these. It's still not a lot but they are clearly not right. Okay so unplug the power and now we're going to remove these motors. Carefully from the working machine. Okay. I have lost my beloved corner pliers again. I use them for everything so I can't forget them to put them back. No I did remember to put them back it's just they were under something. Okay. I should get some more of these actually. It occurs to me that I didn't check to make sure the colours were the same as on this. Red, white, blue, yellow, black, black that seems roughly correct. Okay so that over here is the defunct one. Now I need to clean this up a bit. I also really rather want to get these out of the way while I solder. Yes I'll remove those because I don't want to damage the wires by accidentally touching it with the soldering iron. So let's try and remove the leftover solder. At least this stuff melts. Yeah that's cleaning up quite nicely. Okay let's apply some flux which will melt instantly because the board's hot. So here is the working MOSA. I want to re-tin these ends with fresh solder. Nothing particularly exciting here it's just a bit fiddly. So and re-tin the pads. Once this is done then we should just be able to touch the wires. Apply heat and they will bond hopefully. This one, this one and this one. Okay right. And again this has to be left-handed which is annoying but touch that here. Seems to have worked. Get the white wire out. Red, white, yellow and getting in the wires are all getting in the way of each other. Yellow. No wait that's in the wrong place. That's where blue should go. This should go here. Yellow. Blue. Oh hang on. This is, that's the black wire for the stepper motor. We actually want these to go here. So black and the other black. If I remember correctly they are connected together inside the stepper motor. They are the ground wires for the various coils. That's not a good joint I need to do that one again. Now we need to put the stepper motor wires back again. Stepper motor, solenoid. Solenoid wires back again. So this one goes here. Just trying to get the hair out of the way. This one goes here and this one goes here. Oh right. Now let's put the power back and see what it does. Hopefully it will do better than before. Yeah? Yeah that loads more torque. It's not vibrating, it's actually turning against my finger. Good, good that's working. Right let's do the other one. Now this grey and black wire is, this is for the sensor that tells it whether it's at the end stop or not. It's interesting that this set of wires, which are the high current wires that run the solenoid, are thinner than the wires here that go to the sensors. I think that with a bit of care I don't need to, yep that'll do fine. That'll keep the wire out of the way. So corner pliers and remove this one. Yeah. Hands are shaking. One, two, out of the way. Plop on quite a lot of flux. Now I haven't been able to keep the wires nice and braided unfortunately, but that shouldn't matter given the, that shouldn't matter for the length. I just need to check the ordering of the colours. Red, white, blue, yellow, black, black from the top. So that is actually the other way round for this one. So let's go with red. Oh hang on, I haven't really surfaced these. Where did I put the solder? Here it is. Red, black, other black. I always love these mechanical plotters so I'll be really pleased if I get this in working order again. They're so much more satisfying to watch than any other kind of printer. My school had one of these when I was a child and I was basically the only one who ever used it and it worked nicely until the nasty nylon gears went, as they always did. So I was very pleased to get hold of another one, especially in such good condition. A little disappointed that it didn't work, but if this actually fixes it, which I'm cautiously optimistic about, OK, I'll apply some new solder. Then I will have a very nice looking plotter with a new buck power supply that won't get too hot. I still want to find out whether I can get a replacement power supply for the power. Actually, that one works the solenoid. If this one works everything else, that one just works the solenoid, presumably to prevent pulses through the power system whenever the solenoid turned on and off, causing issues. OK, I think we're good to go. These power supply modules are grey import stuff from Banggood, so very likely are underspect. You can get drop-in replacements for these linear regulators that are sealed buck regulators, same pin-out, same form factor, except no heat sink. So maybe I should get one of those and try and see if it works, or just not fiddle with it. But I'm not a fan of those linear regulators. They do get hot. I didn't point it out, but the other plotter, there's a big chunk of metal here. That was the heat sink in place. Black wire, that's not a good joint. Yep, let's pry this one apart and reseat it. OK, and let's apply the power again and make sure it works. What I'm doing here is checking to see whether I got the wires through right around. If I don't, it will judder horribly rather than turning smoothly. So let's see what happens when I turn it on. Smooth rotation, smooth rotation, and the solenoid's moving and everything. I am optimistic. All right. So this then needs to have the wires tucked under there. And I believe under there, so that this then goes into place. I will reattach the screw just a little. Just about that much. OK, so now that goes in there. So there's the brass disc here. Locks into the hole to provide one set of orientation. And this screw goes into that slot to provide the other. That wire hooks around that little notch there. So this should more or less drop into place if I can manage it. No, it's not going. There's a little protrusion which you can just see there. Which goes into this slot down here somehow. So you try it without that screw. This is surprisingly fiddly. There is probably an easy way to do this somehow. I just don't know what it is. You just want to be careful not to apply too much pressure to anything or I might yank the wires out. Ah, no, that didn't work, but it was nearly there. So I can get the little protrusion in the slot. And I can get the brass boss in the hole. I can't seem to get all three at once. It's also important to get the wires looped around the right places as well. If we do this it will twist the wires together and make them a little less inclined to stray. So the way I got it out was to lever the top. So let's get a bit more slack in the wires and try it differently. And just to check something I should have done before which is that the motors do actually have the same mount. They do. They seem to be the same size. Nice click and it goes in place. Let's do that screw up if something horrible happens. I'm not quite sure what I did mind, but at least it's there. And with luck I will not have to remove this again. Lucky says. Okay, the camera died again. So I don't know what's actually there, but I do have, as far as I can tell, all the bits in place. Yes, I was concerned about the pen mechanism not moving, but on looking at it again I believe that's because there is no pen installed. Okay, here is a pen set. So let's load them up. Red goes first. And the spring that actually moves the bar is this very delicate leaf thing over here. So it pushes through the pen. So now I expect that to move rather more than it is. I wonder what's gone wrong here. That feels bad. Very bad. Okay, well, the next one is black. It's possible I've got black and blue the wrong way around. Just red. Black. Blue, that is blue. Now for this one must be green. Put the green in place. Let's feed in a little paper and power on and see what happens. I can't help noticing that something is not right here, such as the fact that the paper is feeding in the wrong direction. That's kind of odd. You know, I think this is trying to change pens, which is supposed to push against the pin on this side. It's just backwards. Everything is backwards. I think I've wired those motors in the wrong way around. And this is not right. The bar's not moving at all. Yeah, this thing, which connects the solenoid to the bar, is broken. Okay, let's get the paper out and take the thing apart again. Somehow that screw is still there. There's a screw there for some reason as well. Okay. So here is the left side. It's a red, white. I swapped blue and yellow. What did I do this side? I swapped blue and yellow. Yeah, okay. That's at least simple to fix. So that will keep the wires out of the way. I need the suppliers, the yellow wire. Interesting, so I made the same mistake on both sides. Well, I copied the wire color from one side to the other. So I made the mistake on the first side, this one. And then cop duplicated that on the other. Okay, those are swapped. Now this side, move yellow that round. Yeah, this isn't particularly nice, but should work. Now, what can we do about this? I know exactly what's wrong. And I will hopefully, if I can get this off, show you. Wow, that's stiff. The whole printer mechanism is amazingly cheap. It's quite elegant, but it's cheap and delicate. Okay, so this is the solenoid. It's a simple coil that pushes this permanent magnet in and out of position. This is a keyed cam that goes onto this miniscule. Can I get that to focus at all? Probably not shaped bar end, which is connected to this. So this moves backwards and forwards and it's split here. Now, it was like that when I got it. And what I did was I very carefully super glued it back together. But rather than do that again, I should have a perfectly good one here. So let's open this up and see what there is. Okay, this is also a slightly different style. Oh, that's interesting. It doesn't work the same way. That's quite different. Sorry, you can't see that. So this has got this spring, but there is no cam in there. Okay, let's take this off and see what it looks like. I'm going to have to remove the module. But as I didn't bother to do the screws back up again, that's easy. Oh, now that is interesting. This does work quite differently. There's still got the shaped cam, but it's a different kind. Instead of being a single bar that hooks onto the... Instead of sticking up and hooking onto the... What did that hook onto? So this went on like this, like this, like this. Right, the solenoid arm which goes on like this moves out and it pushes this around like that and moves the bar. Now this one does the same thing except the bit that moves is this plastic piece which has in fact locked in place. It's... Also the bar here, which it moves, is plastic rather than aluminium. And I see it's split in a few places. That's completely jammed. Probably wants more lubrication. So if I can get this off, I should be able to reuse the same mechanism. Right, that is coming off, like so. However, I probably also need to swap the little plastic thing that goes on the cam, cam stepper motor, because this one has this little pin sticking sideways that goes into that thing, where this one does not. OK, so can I get this off? Does it just pull off? I think it might friction fit. Or I could just replace the stepper motor. I keep saying that solenoid. I think that's probably the best option. Is that coming loose? Let's just replace the stepper motor as a whole. Stepper motor, solenoid. These are stepper motors. This is a solenoid. They're not the same thing, even though they both work via magnetic coils. OK, this is a known good, but one that doesn't work the way I want it to. This is an unknown one that does work the way I want it to. So I need the little plastic bit that I pulled off. This goes on here. Then this, with the little pin, goes on here. So when the solenoid thing moves here, you can see the pin moving. So let us screw this back into place.  And then reattach the solder points. So cleaning these up with some fresh solder. I did these earlier. So all we should do is straighten the wires. This down here, and eat. And this one goes down, and eat. Right. And the other bit we also want to move is that spring. This. I don't know what it does, but they thought it was important. Probably assists in returning the unit back to its home position. So get this out of the way again. Luckily the new case still has a hole for it. So now let us attach the plotter module again, like so. Feed in some paper. I won't use the entire roll this time. And try it again. Okay. Now what is it going to do? Moving the right direction. Right. Well, this is not right. So when it wants to change heads, what it does is it brings the pen back, and then it moves the head over to the left here. See, each time it does so, it rotates the head mechanism a bit. So three of those, and it changes heads all the way to the top. However, this is not happening because the head's not moving back properly. Why is it doing that? It's now lost its homing. Yeah. That's not good. That's supposed... Right. It thinks the head is not touching the paper. I have an idea about what's going on in there. I was reasonably sure that black was the one on the left. So I think what was happening is they got the polarity here wrong. It was vaguely under the impression that these things ran off... It ran the solenoid of AC, so the polarity doesn't matter. Actually, I think I have a photo of that. Yeah, we go. Come on. Red is on this side. Yep, I got that the wrong way round. So that was a fairly simple and straightforward mistake. Goes back into place. The cable hooks around there. Let's stick the paper back in. Apply the power and see what happens. That's working. Black box. More air for blue box. Green box. Red blocks. Okay, this is looking extremely promising. So let's try that again with the self-test. You see, I pressed the right button. I think I didn't. Well, right. We now get a blue box. There we go. The pens are very elderly. I haven't used it much because it doesn't work. But once it gets a chance to run in a bit, it should be better. Inefficient piece of firmware there. Beautiful. I think that's working. It wants some new pens, but I think it's working right. I'm going to zip it up. And I'm going to see if I can make it print this thing again and see what comes out. Fantastic. Okay, we need some bolts. And some screws. And you know what? I'm just going to fast forward this bit. Well, here it is all zipped up and finished. And I'm very glad to say it works perfectly. Here is the plot I showed you before with the Tektronix logo. And you can see that none of the lines meet up properly. It's all smeared anyhow. And here is what it produced after the repair. And you can see that everything meets up. All the individual elements are clear and properly arranged. I am extremely pleased with that. I actually did not film it plotting this, but I did film it plotting something else. In Gloria 60 FPS. And I will link to the 60 FPS video in the description below, but I will include a 30 FPS version after this. So, I'm going to call that finished. I hope you enjoyed this video. Please let me know what you think in the comments and stay tuned for the plotting video.


What I was just thinking about Boobs you're thinking about boobs the Bengali word for boobies That's a bad name for boobies Especially coming from America. What is doo-doo? shoop pronunciation as you just said I don't think it's just English Calling boobs doo-doo. No, it's just weird. It's anyway Wow, two videos with doo-doo boobies in it But yes, I believe today we're reacting to some classical dance Awesome, so that'd be that'd be fun great way to enter into a classical dance performance was talking about boobies Boobies are great But this is called say this where Tilana Brindavani means adoption of SMT SMT Namrat this choreography. It's an adaptation of somebody's choreography performed by Garra Nataraj and Padmini Shridevi, okay They didn't give me any stuff for this, but classical dance is fun. I don't know where it's from They didn't give me any of that So sorry But I'm sure to be beautiful. Here we go. Captivating. Yeah, and it was almost tap a little bit Yeah, it got yeah, that's one of the things, you know Johnny being a classical dancer. She's talked about how You know the classical dance forms virtually. I think all of them are very Centered on being connected to the earth and grounded everything is barefoot. Yeah It's all it's barefoot and everything is down down Whereas a lot of Western dance jazz tap ballet is up up Relevate up up and so this the groundedness, but the amount of rhythmic footwork was Incredible, do they get bruised heels? Yes. Okay. Yeah seems like you would yeah the two I like hitting your heel on the ground Yeah, but not as much as I guess because you get used to it I asked that of Indrani because the first time that she ever Showed me her dance form odyssey in person How hard she stomped on the ground barefoot I said She did it and I said doesn't that hurt your foot? She said no, I've been doing it since I was a little girl but it's if you did it you'd be out and so it yeah You would think that's the case but over time I guess they get a development for what usually happens with the knees Because they're in a constant a constant bend and deep deep bend. Yeah Really strong thighs, but knees get just thracked imagine they're Really complimentary one of the things that's important for dance duo as well as like an ice skating duo is Complimentary physicality and their physicality the way they're physically structured and when their arms go out what they look like together Was really complimentary to each other I felt like everything they did was in sync and fluid and though they were different body shapes There was a similarity to their lines and the amount of work that those guys put into that Oh, and how about my favorite moment? Probably the swing. Yeah, I saw them on their swing Gorgeous. Yeah Being so in sync during the whole thing so difficult. Yeah, but also just The story they told they told it. I love the the Bengals Yeah, the bangles on their the really pretty bangles on their on their ankles Yeah, they usually just the girl. Yeah, I don't know what the story is with as far as men wearing them But it's always been as we've seen and most of the time classical dance forms We've seen more of the women than we have seen the men I didn't know that the men wear that too. Maybe I'm just ignorant. I don't know. No, I didn't know that too I thought it was just for the girls, but that was beautiful. You know, we love reacting to classical dances and in any kind of art form That's great. Yeah, I just made me happy.  Is this what the dance is called like the dance form or is this something that they've created? I don't well it said it was a variation on some choreography So I suppose this is a famous dance and they did a variation of it. I love let us know down below