Good evening. Welcome to the last day of the Wanran film screening series. I'm Zhang Biyu. Welcome tonight. I know it is quite unusual to see during the holiday time the turnouts to be so great. After a whole year of fantastic screenings, we are ending this year's understanding Taiwan through film and documentary series with a bang. Okay? Tonight we are showing two films starting with the trailer of Wanran's new film, It Takes Two to Tangle. The Chinese name sometimes called Che Ping, sometimes we also know as Kua Hai, Tiao Tang Ge. And followed by a full-length feature film, Puppet Angel, Kui Lei Tian Shi. It Takes Two to Tangle is a satire of cross-stray relations. Why Puppet Angel is an examination of Taiwan's election, polarized politics and corruption. We are extremely honoured to have Director Wanran with us at Sewers Tonight. So, please put your hands together and give him a warm welcome, Director Wanran. Later he wants to also explain a little bit about the complicated different versions of these two films. However, we will leave that to the last because the best person to explain this. So, many of you have seen his most important films, Super Citizen Co., which we screened on Monday. It is a beautifully shot film providing an understated reflection on Taiwan's tragic past. However, I would like to emphasize that Wanran is a director of many dimensions. In fact, he is famous for his use of humour, irony and sarcasm. Emily Ye and Daryl Davis describe him to be, I quote, the most explicitly political and least or two risk of the new cinema directors. The former comment is understandable. You all know once you see the film because of his interest in exposing social problems and probing injustice. What do they mean by least or tourist? Perhaps because he has a broad range of repertoire not limited to any particular genre, style or topics. And he seldom repeats himself. So it's quite unusual have someone have such a broad range of vision and styles. And these three films we show in this series demonstrate this undefined ability of Wanran as a filmmaker and also showcase his ability to always expand his horizon. Wanran would like to specify that although Puppet Angel was made in 2010, you know, almost more than 10 years ago, it has never been released because he just told me that because he ran out of money to finance it's a little bit difficult. However, today the film you're going to see is a working version and it's also reworked version. And we are being given a special preview of this and I would say it's a director's cut. It's more true to the Wanran's own creative intention. Before we start the film, as usual, on behalf of the center of Taiwan Studies, we would like to express our thanks to the support of Ministry of Culture and also the generous donation made by Dr. Samuel Yin. Without this support, we would not have been able to put on so many fantastic events. So thank you very much. Now without further ado, we will play start-up screenings. First it takes two to tangle in only 11 minutes. And after that we will have the full lens. Then of course you have plenty of opportunities not only during the Q&A but also after the reception. Okay, thank you. So let me play this. Yes. Yeah, I had the politics. I mean, the second one, you will see the public, the Angel Heart. Public Angel. Public Angel is a whole team. It's never released before. The quality is kind of different from the other you will see. But this is the first time I'm showing the public. Yes. And also it's probably... And it's done in 2001. 2001. Yes. Okay. So I play this. And this is the new editing, the new version. Okay. He himself hasn't really seen this film for 10 years. As you can see, it hasn't really finished. It hasn't really finished. I mean, it's not a proper finish. So you guys... You have the lucky view that I've really seen this film. Excellent. It was finished. Okay. It was filmed during the first year of DPP's reign, and that's 2001. Okay. It was filmed during the first year of DPP's reign, and that's 2001. I think... When you made this film, I think it was a great place. We were still thinking about the fear of white, and today we have reached the DPP's position. I think Wenren wants to compliment the choice of this film, because the first day we watched the film is about white terror. Now it's right. 40, 50 years later, it jumped into the DPP's in power now. So it's a big transition. Okay. You can see quite a lot of the actual election rallies, and it was during the 2000s legislatures election, and also the county magistrate and councilors elections. Okay. What you can see is not documentary. It's even though it was filmed during the election period, but he said he's very proud and very confident by his own actions. He said, he's very proud and very confident by his own actions. He said, he's very proud and very confident by his own actions. He said he's very proud and very confident by his 10 years later, when he looked at his own work, he realized it's being done through cinematic aesthetics. It's not just about recording. That was the first time the election held during the DPP's reign. So the legislature got 80 seats, I mean DPP got more than 80 seats, and the magistrate got a nine. So it was a very rare victory, especially after so many years of martial law. I'm actually looking at it, just in case I got anything wrong. So do chip in if they're sitting. It was the first time the DPP gets more seats. Yeah, more than Gominang. Okay. This year is another round of the magistrate elections. The end of this year. So the party rotation is very important to Taiwan. He feels that it's very important to have different parties take powers, and it's this kind of taking over. It's actually good for democracy. In fact, in 2001, I didn't know that I had politics.  Yeah. But why do I have anything to do with movies? I think... Your movies are related to politics. Yeah, they're related to politics, to society. Actually, I don't really like politics, but I just watched how he talks so much about politics. He said he hates politics. So then when he watched this film, he said why did I actually concern so much and I talk so much about politics? Right. I hope I get it right. For him, making film is not just about satisfying your creativity. He likes to tackle certain kinds of topics that express his ideals. Of course, being an idealistic person, he also sees himself being revolutionized. I hope I got it right. He believed that absolute power definitely corrupt people's human nature, and he believed that deeply. That, of course, is because his background is originally from history. That's how he got this kind of viewpoint. In this SOS, I shouldn't talk too much about politics, because it's a group of people. He said, of course, against this kind of background, people are more politically aware than him, I doubt.  He doesn't like politics, but it's undeniable that politics influence everyone. There's no one who cares about the society who can't deal with politics or can't place yourself outside the political domain. You cannot ignore the political domain. I don't often talk about politics. When I watch this video, I think I'm very emotional. I'm very supportive of the party. But the failure of President Chen Shui-tian made me disappointed. Sorry, I have to, otherwise I'll forget. I feel deeply, I can share my thoughts with you. Rarely I talk about how I felt about this. I can admit to you that I do support DPP in the old days called Dang Wai. But because of President Chen Shui-tian's corruption, actually I felt dissolution. I really are against this kind of... And he's heard a lot of people. Actually, it's not only her fault for the supporters and also make many people dissolutioned. Now everyone knows that Ma Ying-jie is another person that made people disappointed. Okay, now he's looking forward to the 2016 election. And what many people predicted and almost foreseeable is the change of power again. He constantly emphasized it's a work print, working process. So that's why the end credit is just empty. Actually it's quite good. Okay. The reason why I want to make a film like this because I think politics are real and the so-called reality is real either. So it is actually need to be aware of this. Original storyline or the idea was that the politician was actually corrupted. He just had a scandal. Remember, this is 2001. The 2001, so at that time... But why didn't this film come out? In fact, this film is not suitable for ordinary audiences. But I see today's reaction seems to be wrong. Well, it was not released after it's being filmed. But before we showed the film, actually, Director Warren told me something wrong about finance. So it didn't happen enough. But at the same time, he said people also concerned about the audience. Maybe the box office is not good enough. But according to tonight's response, he thought maybe it's okay. In the cinema, there is a black movie. Maybe in the 1940s... Film? Yes. You can tell from the music and the cinema. Especially the mystery lady. Actually, they have a lot of films. But I didn't finish this film. Well, he felt it's actually unfinished work of his. You heard that it's a certain kind of genre, film noir. So it's mysterious, beautiful women. They don't necessarily need to explain everything. Especially the love scene or the back-end romance. The thing with the series and the guys. Yes. So this is actually a brand-new version. It's very different from what he so-called finished in 2000. Not quite. It's not that different. It's not quite the same. In what way? In fact, he added a lot. Because you have to talk about politics. I think I set the father of the male lead. Why did he, the father of the reporter, also reply to his mother about politics? So I added a lot of his inner intuition. For a man, this is probably his father's influence. His father was a politician. He put this part in. This particular version increased the emphasis on the main character's internal reflection. And mirroring his father's scandal and Huang Mingye's scandal. So it's kind of mirroring and contemplating on politics and corruption. And also, he was saying, as a man, you question your father's death. And also, it's kind of a shadow. So it's really the main issue he's questioning. It's not just about politics also. It's about internal reflection and feelings. I participated in Golden Hall Spring Vegetable in Taiwan. Got the one prize. So you... What did you say? I think it's something like some music. Anyway, I have to change one scene. Because you have to change one scene. After he finished this film, he got a war from the Golden Hall Festival for the music and sound. The thing is, because you got a war, you have to show to the public at least once. And he said, I don't know why, I don't really want people to see it. Only four people. So only four what? Four people. Four? Only four. Okay, so he only invited four people to come to that particular screening. Because he didn't really want to show to the public. So you are his intimate friends. Okay, so okay. Zhenzhen got a question there. Hi. I will make it briefly in English later. Oh great, that's good. I have a question for you. Do you think that in Taiwan, if there is a next political problem, there should be another one. When I interviewed you, you asked me a question. Taiwan is going to break the blue law. There are two questions. Is it a point? Do you think that there should be a complete policy to solve this problem? So I would just make it very briefly. I think this is a very brilliant film, especially I think it's very very inspiring. So my question is, because you say like, we don't know what truth is. So can we really believe in politicians? Or do you really think, how do you think, before the past few years, after so many years when you made the film, has anything changed in Taiwan? I mean, in terms of politics, can we still feel confident in the politicians? I personally, I don't. Because I think that most of the politicians, they lie. It's a different way they lie. But so, I mean, I'm just very concerned about our democracy.  Well, you talk about 2016 is a good opportunity. We can have a different party. But then do you really think this party is ready to move the country forward? Especially you mentioned in the interview, you mentioned that Taiwan will move to the new direction, which will be the cross-strait relations. It's quite important issue. Do you really think the party is ready for that? It can lead the voters to lead the public forward? Thank you. That's a very good question for Wang Minyan. Yes. I can... I don't like politics. I really don't know how to answer you. Because I came to talk about movies today. You know, even though my film is about politics, but to me, I think it's about movies. I think it's about movies. It's just because Taiwan is very special, politics is a very important issue. I can't... When I talk about society, I care about this place. I can't stop talking about it. Okay. Well, Wang Minyan actually replied brilliantly. You know, because his expertise and his interest and his here for talking about his film, not about politics, he concerned about politics and concerned about the social issues. But probably it's not for him to say. And I think... No. What should I say? I should... I should say that I think politics is... What should I say? We are looking forward to the politicians not a lot of politicians talking about politics. That's what I think. But let me tell you. I said 2016 is looking forward to Tai Chi. Maybe Tai Chi is too bad now, right? I think Tai Chi is looking forward to it. In 2016, do you think it will work? I'm not sure. Really. Do you want to... In 2011, I was talking about the corruption. How would I know? I couldn't have thought that the politicians, the ideal politicians, would be in that situation. So it shouldn't be like that. It's a drama. We are not politicians now. Okay. I just briefly translate what he said. He was saying maybe it's because the situation was so bad. That's why people can have certain kind of expectation for the future politics. And, well, the result of 2016's election would be better than now. Who knows? So it is... That's why he said I hate politics, or politicians, but it doesn't mean... We should say this. We have always said there is a corrupt government. Now there is a helpless government. What kind of government might be different? All kinds of things will happen. So we hope that a good politician will help us. A good politician is important. It's what we are looking forward to. Okay. Of course, there are corrupted governments or totally incapable governments. It's not the point. The point is, because these governments are not good enough, that's why we are hoping and wishing and expecting better politicians or regime come along and solve the problem. I mean, in the future, except for corruption and helplessness, there may be different mistakes and we hope that politicians will come. In the future, it may not be good, but I think it will be worse. You can't imagine it. Of course, there are even worse kind of regimes come along. You don't know, right? You don't know. However, we expect to have maybe some real professional idealistic politicians come along. Of course, they are all professional politicians. I mean, it makes you very... Idealistic? No. The so-called politicians are... Capable? No, not capable. Statement. Statement. Yes, they are politicians. Now, most of the Taiwanese are not politicians. Why? They are all politicians. People who... Because I sometimes envy many countries, they have a political character that makes you admire. Like the South. Mandela. Or Sui Sui. Even Covington, sometimes we will worship him. Because he is a politician. You know, he has the ability you mentioned, but I think what Taiwan wants is for everyone to admire him. So, probably we need someone with integrity and some sort of statesmanship that one day we hope we will have this kind of statement that we like Mandela or even Clinton. No, no, no, no, no. No, no, no. I mean, you didn't mention that? Yes, yes. Okay. We do... Can we... Can we... There are several people who are asking. David and Ming Ye. Okay, yeah. Yeah, I mean, I had a comment and a question. The comment kind of ties in with one of Ming Ye's points from yesterday. I mean, both the two films we've seen are very critical of the way Taiwanese politics is operating. And we see things like the corruption is really... is really highlighted, particularly in the second film. But from a political scientist's point of view, it's quite interesting because at this point in time, mid-1990s first film, 2001, we're quite optimistic about Taiwan's politics. Political scientists are taking good care of you. So that was the... So there's a bit of a contrast here. So that was the comment that Ming Ye touched upon last night. And the question was, in the first film, I could see how you must have done a lot of research in terms of looking at white terror records. But how did you research this film? I'm very curious about what kind of methods you use to actually... I'm receiving in you. So it's just based on life observations. I live in Taipei, and by... I would say I spend more time than concern this subject than the white heroes. I live in Taipei. This is important. More than any other information. Okay. So you already answered the questions. And Ming Ye, thank you. I use Chinese. And then... Thank you. Thank you. I actually have two questions. The first one is that we saw that this film is still working. Are you still not done? I think this version is already done. Oh, okay. It's just that it's a walk print. So many colors and colors are not adjusted. We call it a walk print. Okay. The first question is solved. Okay. The second question is we saw these three days. In fact, two half two plus a short film trailer. Among all these films, which one or which characters have the deepest recognition? Okay. Among all the characters you created between the two and the trailer, the two films and the trailer, which one which characters that you have the deepest identification? Okay. I think you do you want to switch? He's already switched. No, he's already speak English. Yes. Yes. Yes, this is what I want to say. Don't talk about politics. None of them talk about the old guy, the old man. Sorry? Which one? The Super Citizen Call. Mr. Call. And in Japanese call in Taiwanese is call. In Mandarin is shu. Call is for whole life. Call. So in fact, because this person can represent Taiwan or he can represent the past or with his his Do you agree? You I guess Ming Tse No, no, I mean which one I was definitely the old man in the movie. Because he had a kind of coincidence or you should say this first. Okay. Answering Ming Tse question Director felt that it is the Super Citizen Call. Call is suffering for all your life actually is implying it's a collective image of all the Taiwanese and he definitely deeply identified with that particular character and not to mention Lin Yang the the old but the the actor who played that Mr. Cole he was 62 years old when he played that role actually much two years younger than him is now he asked the question in that film of what is ideal and being an artist and ideas important however he felt in this film he always asked the question where should you put ideal what's the place it should be and the cost or the sacrifice you have to pay for your own pursuit of ideals and but he believed that everyone should have an ideal to pursue so it's a sort of struggle okay so the impact of the film is actually from this kind of pursuing of ideal and that's what he's close enough 定義什麼什麼用途什麼 對我來講政治就是 我把它弄越模糊越好 這是一個電影的導演的說法 我今天不是 不會去特別去 去定義定義 去台灣的政治什麼什麼 對我來講不是那樣做 對我最 我覺得最好的方法 是這樣 是用電影 不是用模糊的說法 Actually talking about this film tonight A Public Angel He feels his approach Is to not just clearly define What politics is Like political scientists do But for him He want to present the issue of politics Or at least raise the Enhance your interest And questioning what politics is Is by presenting it Not in a very clear cut way But in a more vague Or not out of focus I would say sort of like make it more Obscure Obscure But That is politics But what I mean is I think we should From the director's point of view To look at these things Of course I think his point is Because as an artist As a filmmaker His aim is not to make it clear Or like David here But make it more Profound I think So you raise questions and let people Contemplate on these issues Just like The biggest problem in Taiwan Must be the so-called Difficulties Of course Anyone knows about Taiwanese politics Will know the major issue Is about colours The contrasting between Different camps The green and the blue camps So maybe We should spend more More time to Make this situation Not so complex So actually It is not Maybe he should Reduce the contrasting colours And the contrasting forces Between different camps Rather it should be It is not important Which colour you belong to So this I have been preparing for more than ten years To make this kind of film I have thought about The contrast Between the so-called Polarised politics For a very long time Over ten years Between the blue and the green camps But because I have been filming for ten years So I don't have the chance To film After I stopped filming I was filming After Public Angel He stopped making films And he spent ten years Making public television Miniseries So that is why There is a gap there So at the end I think I think After that China and Taiwan's These issues So after ten years Then he came back He realised He came to realise The conflicts between The cross-strait relations Actually is the focus now But I emphasize I am still a political problem So I want to use the red You just saw the red I used the red And the green to fight And talk about marriage So Of course it's all down To politics again Even though it's a different contrast And he used quite a lot Ironies and Humour there For example Now it's not the blue and the green But it's red and green There is a certain colour contrast there And this frame We are going to show in Taiwan In the 7th of November of this year So Ten minutes of trailers For the Mainland China As the distributor So actually I have a lot of problems Because They are all in the movies Of course So this version The trailer actually was prepared For the investors and distributors On the mainland So actually avoid Quite a lot of Sharp contrast Ha Wei Sorry, this is the differentiation In the trailers Because you said that the trailer Was actually made for Mainland China So I'm just wondering if the content Of the film itself Is actually watered down So basically This trailer It's made for Mainland China So some problems Have been removed But the film itself Is it There are two different versions One is for Mainland China One is for Taiwan Is there such a situation Basically This film Is very complicated How to say I just said that Of course it is a topic of Taiwan But because of the two cases Mainland China is I think Mainland China is also in progress But no one dares to blame me I can make this film Mainland China has already seen clearly But this is a very important Just like the investment No one wants you to shoot such a theme Okay It's a complicated Issue Because the audience Are quite different But for This particular November release Will focus on Taiwan But when he's During the negotiation with Mainland people They're actually quite progressive now But the problem is No one Are responsible No one dares to Say it's okay If there's anything a bit sensitive No one Want to take You know take the responsibilities So that's why Sometimes also concerning The issue of investment In fact We can't do A lot of business The Special consideration So the amount of consideration I just want to The crowd in the mainland The audience will look better Everyone will smile more Okay No deliberate consideration For commercial Attraction Let's put it this way If I Even more How do you say English If I make it Demonize them Even more bossy More So And that will probably Even better Sells better in Taiwan But I wouldn't do that Okay Okay Okay If they just Look at the script There will be loads of trouble But because they saw the Product actually The concern For censorship Less So I don't know yet I don't know why So I will go to Taiwan And I will think about how How to let them review Let them review the whole film So as we said It is still focusing on Taiwan's market But after Taiwan's release Maybe he will You know send to To see how they What they said This 10 minutes is because They want to cancel the movie So I don't have What's so special about it It's just casually I just have a cup Of 10 minutes A trailer For promotion Ministry of culture Wanted to promote some sort of Taiwanese film And it is quite a good idea I suppose Okay One very famous Senior Director Li Xin I think most of you have heard of Li Xin actually advised Why don't you just show them the script And let them Change And send them From this particular base And give some opinion And pay them to do that And then return And then return The new script And Li Xin said Don't do it Why Like a propaganda film Eventually So didn't do that Actually the most important thing The communists in 1949 48 You know After the World War II 1945 1949 The civil war The communists They They won But they didn't want to talk about this They just thought They didn't want to talk about this Okay this is quite interesting Crunch Point Apparently from the review Or from the mainland side Apparently they didn't like the part Of the talking about the past Especially during the civil war Between 1940 The two old guys Grandpas Reminiscent about the past And on two sides Of the Chinese Ideologies And apparently The mainland side Felt It's not advisable to Really dwell on that They didn't want to talk about that part And because I think Grandpas is important Three generations Because you are solving the two cases It's impossible not to talk about that part Okay He felt that's very important to have A particular part To sort of anchor the whole story Because three generations from now The younger generation Of course, love affair But the grandpas story Contrast each other You can't not to mention it This is again when we talk about politics Sometimes I feel Quite open For example, I went to World Museum this time Kind of World War One The World War Two I think the British With the Germans Because the United States and Germany Will be solved soon Do you know what it means? I know The first grandpas But I think these two sides Chinese and Taiwanese I think it's quite difficult Of course Okay That between The allies And the Germans Reconcile Easily But not necessarily For them For the outside At least you reach A certain kind of constellation But for Wenren He felt that Cross-strait this kind of KMT and the CCP's Old conflict There's no Reconciliation in some way I mean ideologically Of course Cross-strait relations Will be the Major issue in the future For Taiwan and for China as well But To face up this issue He wants to deal with it At least in a more Ironic way Trying to lighten up But also make you see What the major issue is Of course The cultural difference And also the contrast Between cultural difference I think Is that okay? Another question Thanks very much I really enjoyed both the The trailer and the film Thanks very much I'd like to ask about Your role as a director As an artist Because films Have influence They have influence on society Maybe not in the same way That politics influence society But film and popular culture Will influence society Perhaps especially young people So what kind of responsibility Do you feel you have as a director To include or not include Things in your film When you're thinking about One the market Or whether you're thinking about A message that you want to portray To Society at large Can I Try and translate that? That's easy As a director You may say You have a responsibility Because films have influence One thing You as a director Can also influence society Then you will feel There's a market Or your own ideal Or A message that you want to portray To society How do you balance These different things In fact The film Is a very special place I've been thinking I'm a painter I'm a poet I'm a singer I think Films are too complicated Because In fact In fact, we all use The language The language Okay Film is a very Special industry And filmmakers Faced the issue You just mentioned I would rather be A painter or a poet Probably less complicated Okay Of course From a traditional mainstream And commercial And art film But the problem for him Is for all filmmakers If you need to make a living In this kind of industry It is very difficult to balance To reach Between the market and art Not only for living Sometimes You are very difficult To balance It is not just Making a living How to reach that balance Is very difficult Of course There are quite a lot of people Doing quite well Making commercial films Also some other group Of people doing quite well Making art films But how to Reach the balance and across The border is very difficult It is not very easy Of course the most successful Is I believe me It is very hard And so You usually make a lot of films In the end it becomes independent So you have to prepare The project By you And the sound is supported by It is not a normal Movie commercial No one would invest In that Perfect Angel Okay So if you want to Uphold Your ideal Or you want to do Make art films sometimes Eventually end up Is actually independently Made independent films It is not You can't operate Normally Films like this do you think Do I have a chance To be commercially successful You think so So I would say You are sort of responsible The direct responsibility The influence To be honest The influence Just can't tell So probably It is not the responsibility He is thinking about What I wanted to do And what is the right thing to do Of course I can tell you A lot of what I want to do I want to For me I have to make a good film That is a good Women Because we have Reception outside Can we have another Final question from Hong Jin And another student there But Hong Jin first Can you ask sure questions Otherwise we will be kicked out in 10 So okay Hong Jin please This is our student Hello I would like to ask you To be honest To be honest To be honest To be honest To be honest To be honest To be honest To be honest To be honest You are from Hong Jin Is there a specific model Or is it a way Because you just mentioned That you originally designed this role Is corruption Why would this part be interesting So we could just Kind of briefly translate it Because until today The gender issue In Taiwan is still a little bit conservative And that is 13 years ago So could you Just tell us Do you have any model or epiphany That why you have such Why you write this drama Like this way that gave the audience Such as the prize at the end About the so called a scandal I should say The correct thing I think it's too normal Did you hear that Well corruption Is now sort of normal So you need to shock Even though we Sort of widely accepting Homosexuality However Is still something Not totally Open And it's also because From reality We can observe that Compared to Corruption is sort of normal If you have a different Alternative Sexual Orientation That actually cause Really a necessary or quite Abnormal harm Really a necessary or quite Abnormal harm Okay If I'm making Our film I might just make Huang Yi Ye and Art I know I might Arrange The reporter be the Lover of Huang Ming Yan But it's just Just a thought This class has a question Is Especially That Is That But Is All That Is So So Is The That Is That Is That Is That Is Okay The structure of the The The structure of the film Is Seemingly inconsistent But at the end, seemingly very quickly, to draw it into a conclusion, and just use the monologue to explain the whole situation. Why? Because I always see that in the 1940s, in the 50s, the black film gives me the feeling that you see another dark side in the human mind. Okay. It's actually stylized based on, I think, film noir. And he said whenever he watched 1940s, 1950s film noir films, actually got this kind of contrast between the black and white actually sort of symbolized the darkness of life. And very sentimental music. It's like there's always a layer of fog in there. It's seemingly always quite misty, very foggy, almost misty sort of feeling. So at the beginning, he did intend to use that visual mistiness to create an indication or symbolize Taiwan's murky, murky politics. So he also built, because he likes realism and realist style, that's why he used quite a lot of real life election scenes. Okay. So eventually when the story lines developed, he realized that the contrast between the journalist's father's, sorry, the political situation during his father's period and the current situation is probably more important than just suspension. However, he will make the film more complex. Because politics is so complex, so dark, the truth is not clear. Okay. If it's a Hollywood film that probably makes it more fancy, the suspensions are much heightened, but it's not here. Okay. So story line is not important for me. I think this is the film that I really felt this is more closer to our film. And it's actually aesthetically more sophisticated. Actually, the important thing is that the reporter and Sally have a lot of stories, a lot of things. Ah, I'm disappointed. There were quite a lot of physical, you know, some sort of love-making things. Supposedly, well, it was filmed or shot, but it was not included in this version. That's the most important thing in the black film. The male protagonist is always a beautiful, mysterious woman. The female protagonist is confused. Yes. She was originally very clear about politics, but later she was not. So in all film-wide films, it is a pattern that the main male characters always being attracted by mysterious female characters didn't know what to do. And originally, he's pursuing politics that eventually forgot about politics. And confused. I don't want to go into that. So when I was doing the last version, I made this choice. In fact, the film has already changed to a big name. Oh. Okay. Okay. You talk about the big name first. Right. Right. So the reason why he cut all these things out because he felt he doesn't want to go down the rule of film-wide as such. He's changed the name. Yes. So it also changed the nature and changed the title. Yes. Because at the beginning, I was a super citizen. I was a citizen of the city of Taipei. The super citizen of Taipei was a country. A big citizen. Okay. And then the third step was called the citizen. You know? Yeah. It's universal. I'm talking about the death. Right. What to do with this? It's a big name. Okay. Yeah. So because... So this is the third step, right? The fourth step. The fourth step. It used to be the third step. Because no one knew this step. Right. No one... No one knew this step. So people used to say that Taiwan was a third step. Yeah. Super third step. Super third step. There's no third step. No, there's no third step. So this is actually the fourth of citizen theories. But never really listed us the last one, because no one really seen it. So that's why he changed the name to Da Xuan Ming, the big voter. Super voter. Super voter. Super voter. Yes. Super voter. OK, I think really we should call it a day, we run out of time, but thank you so much. It's fantastic.


So this is from this comic. Unfortunately, I didn't take a picture of the cover. I did, but I had problems with that. I ended up deleting files and stuff, but I do have a picture of this. I'm gonna upload. That's just a picture that I took from my camera just this morning. Magical and Jell-o. Magical and Jell-o. You are interested in comic books outside US, Italy, France, and Belgium, for example, have a well-established comic book industry. Indeed. Indeed. Tintin Comics. My oldest comic books I have are Tintin Comics. Belgium. Tintin Comics, Belgium, I believe, right? Yeah, Belgium. Tintin Comics must be Belgium, right? And Astrates. The little guy and the big guy. They're awesome. Oh, let me bring this up. Let me bring this up. Let me bring this up. Casper. So we're gonna read this. So Casper's been chasing after this guy. He's a magician and he's hordes money and stuff, right? So this is one of the chapters after he's been chasing him for a while, right? Richie Rich and Richie Rich is with him, right? Richie Rich, the poor little rich boy and the friendly ghost Casper. So Casper falls into the pit. Oh wow. Look at all the treasure and that's sort of a splash page showing you what's going on, right? And on the top right up here, I'm gonna read from there. It's full of treasure chests down there. Perhaps we found the whiz. Voop! Casper gets sucked down. Richie Rich and their friend, the old guy, looking. Whoa, what's going on? Oh, the little wizard grabs him by his feet, bulls him down. Money going around everywhere. Come to steal my treasure, eh? The wizard says. I don't accept paper money. And then Casper has the question. Are you the wizard of the wealth, right? And this is money that Casper, I think these guys were grabbing, right? So the political, economic part of that is the wizard's pretty damn smart. He doesn't accept fiat currency. I thought that would be funny. I thought that would be funny. I thought that would be funny. Fun. Stephen Hawking's radiation. What is the math? Stephen Hawking's radiation. It just says, for black holes, I read this a long time ago, so I'm going by memory like 15 years ago or something like this, but basically, out of black hole, matter does not disappear.  The event horizon goes into the black hole and there's energy being released and you can measure that radiation. That's what Hawking's black radiation is, I believe, anyway. Not the wizard. Mr. Rathford says that wizard is deep into blockchain. Funny. We don't take cash. Use your card. Oh my God. Oh my God. I don't think the wizard was too smart for that.


This is stock number 7528A. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used half-ton truck Ram headquarters. Today we are checking out this Leiceneux 2017 Ram 1500 quad cab short box. This vehicle has the 5.7 liter V8 Hemi motor. It is the express package from this HD video. You will be able to tell that this truck is Leiceneux all the way around and it definitely should be with only 201 miles on it. Flame red is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p so if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device turn them on now because it's like you're right here looking at the truck with me. Tires are Leiceneux frame and under body is Leiceneux. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p. Turn it on now. The HD if you got it and you too will be able to tell that this truck is Leiceneux. No dense ding, scuffs or cracks in the front bumper, factory fog lights, painted grille and bumpers per the express package. Passing the side rim is an excellent condition as well and as we go down this side of the truck you will be able to see that it is Leiceneux. No dents, no dings, no scuffs, no scrapes, no scratches. Leiceneux truck because well it's only got 200 miles on it. Cab is an excellent condition and on this side the truck is very very clean. Back rim is an excellent shape as well. No scuffs or scrapes and that tire has just as much tread as the rest. It has the plastic wheel wells which help keep your under body looking like new which this one does. We want to make sure we give the most accurate representation of the vehicle as possible so that when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises. Full towing package which includes receiver hitch, 4 pin and 7 pin wiring. The tailgate is in excellent condition as well. No dense dings or scuffs on that and it looks like the bed has hardly ever been used. Very very clean like new. Bed rail covers of course. Got the painted rear bumpers, the dual rear exhaust which you get from the Hemi and Express package. Down this side of the truck just as clean as that passenger side. It does have heated power mirrors. Inside the Express package gives you the gray cloth interior. There are no rips, there are no tears, there are no stains on these seats. Absolutely perfect. Factory floor mats throughout has power windows, power locks and power mirrors and auto head lamps. See that this one does indeed only have 201 miles has the outside temperature display as well as the digital speedometer. The steering wheel is in excellent shape. No scuffs, scrapes or scratches on that and you get cruise control with the gear selector right there. This one has AM, FM and as you can see serious XM radio. We got a little bit of Margaritaville going. Turn dial, eight speed automatic transmission and the push button four-wheel drive. There are your climate controls and then a stability control and a tow-haul mode. Carpentine is like new. No rips, no tears, no stains. This truck has never been smoked in as side curtain airbags and the headliner is like new as well. Take a quick look at the back seats and then we'll check out under the hood. Also in USB jack, back seats just as clean as the front seats. No rips or tears back here. It does have the latch child safety system for car seats and it has a fixed glass rear window. Now there is storage underneath these seats on both sides and those seats are connected so you only have to lift up one side to get both up. And we'll take a quick look under the hood. Like I said this truck is just about new, only 201 miles on it. Engine based, very clean runs, very smooth 5.7 liter V8 Hemi motor and this is as close to buying brand new as you can get without actually buying brand new. And to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 400 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, halftons, sweet quarter tons, one tons. You name it we got it go to our website www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle on a lot videos of every single used vehicle that we have all at summitauto.com. Thank you so much for checking out the video if you want to make this truck yours give us a call right now<PHONE_NUMBER>. Ask for one of our sales associates standing by to take your call at<PHONE_NUMBER> thanks again for checking out the video if you want to check out more go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos you see there in fact in a second you'll see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel and you'll have to see all the incoming used inventory daily. On the right a link to more halftone truck videos like this one if you haven't been to our website on the bottom a link to this truck on our website. Click those check us out and we really look forward to helping with this super clean like new 2017 Ram 1500 quad cab short box thanks again


Hi, my name is Alex, I'm a librarian at the University of Alabama, and in this tutorial I'm going to show you how to use PubMed's Mesh Terminology system in order to become a more effective searcher. Mesh stands for the Medical Subject Headings and are what's called a Controlled Vocabulary System. During this tutorial, I'll try to avoid too much library jargon and instead focus on why you might use Mesh Terminology for searching and how you might do so. Using Mesh Terminology is the best way of searching for articles on PubMed. Keywords searching can be useful and effective, but understanding Mesh Terminology is really the key to unlocking this database. You can find the Mesh database towards the bottom of PubMed's homepage. Now that we're here, we'll begin to explain what Mesh Terminology is. The Mesh system is how PubMed is organized. Each article that is indexed in PubMed is assigned to various Mesh Terms and Headings that describe the contents of the article. Let's get a sense of what I'm talking about. To start with, I'll just run a normal keyword search on PubMed. We'll get back to the Mesh database later. When you click on an article, you'll always see Mesh Terms on the right hand side of the screen. PubMed has assigned this article about type 2 diabetes a number of Mesh Terms that describe the contents of the article. In this case, it's mostly about type 2 diabetes, but each of these has a subcategory, diagnosis, drug therapy, etc. It's also telling you that it's about humans and disease management, and so on. So what does this have to do with searching PubMed? Well, a couple of things. One, you can actually click on any of these Mesh Terms. In that sense, even though this is a bit overly simplistic, they're almost like hashtags. If I click on the first Mesh Term, what I find are around 10,000 articles. I know that every one of these 10,000 articles has been tagged with the Mesh Term type 2 diabetes slash diagnosis. Because I know that, I know that all 10,000 of these articles are at least partially about that concept. In that sense, this is more reliable and precise than a keyword search. No matter how good your keyword search is, you're always going to get some articles that are only borderline relevant and some articles that just aren't relevant at all. And that's really just the beginning of why Mesh Terminology is important for searching PubMed. Mesh Terminology tells you what terms PubMed wants you to use when searching. A quick example is running a keyword search for cancer. There's several problems with this search. One, it's just too broad. You'd most likely want to search for a type of cancer combined with some other keywords. But the other problem is that cancer is not the only keyword you need to look for. For example, the more scientific term for cancer is neoplasms. A search for that brings back entirely different articles that you'd miss if you just searched for cancer. We talked in a previous tutorial about the Boolean operator OR, which is good for related terms. You could use OR to connect multiple terms like cancer or neoplasms or tumors, but you'd be better off just using PubMed's Mesh Terminology. So we'll go back to the Mesh database and see what terms PubMed wants us to use. What you'll find is that the primary Mesh term is neoplasms. For lung cancer, it would be lung neoplasms and so on. I can build a search right from here using PubMed's search builder. I'll add this to the search builder and at this point, I could either just add a keyword or I could use another Mesh term. For the purposes of this tutorial, I'll use another Mesh term. I want to look at nutritional therapy for lung cancer, so I'll do a Mesh search for that. Add that to the search builder and then search PubMed. What we have is a very precise search, at least more precise than a keyword search for these two concepts. There's a lot to cover when it comes to Mesh searching on PubMed, but we'll save the rest of it for another tutorial. Hopefully you now have a decent foundation for using Mesh Terminology. And remember, if you have a question, just ask a librarian.


Live from the Computer History Museum in the heart of Silicon Valley, it's theCUBE. Covering OpenStack Silicon Valley 2016. Brought to you by Morantis. Now, here are your hosts, John Furrier and Lisa Martin. Hey, welcome back here. When we are live in Silicon Valley, this is Silicon Angle Media's theCUBE, our flagship program. We go out to the events and extract the signal from the noise. I'm John Furrier with my co-host, Lisa Martin. Live at Silicon Valley for OpenStack, Silicon Valley, our next guest is James Staten, who's the Chief Strategist for Cloud and Enterprise at Microsoft, welcome to theCUBE. Thanks for having me, good to be here. Great keynote up there talking about obviously hybrid cloud like Microsoft, got to believe hybrid, VMware, Microsoft. It's important because the data center is where everything lives in Microsoft, customer base, but the cloud is big. Azure's been doing very well. It's coming up on the radar. It's pretty, obviously well known. The success it's been having. What is the success of Azure? Describe for a minute why it's being successful and how's Microsoft bridging, moving their customers into either the Azure public cloud and or hybrid because you guys got to do both. You got the trains running on the traditional business on prem and the growth of the cloud. Talk about. Sure, well the big attraction to Azure has been that it provides you with something you can't normally get on your own, which is the ability to have access to thousands of resources on a per hour basis to drive the applications you're looking for. But more importantly, it's not about just IaaS, it's actually about the collection of additional application services on top plus our SaaS applications. And so like Office 365, which most people are moving to now in some degree, that also runs on Azure. It ties into our platform as a service, makes it easy to extend and add new capabilities to that. And then the Dynamics family adds a series of back office applications that also run out there. And so it's really about empowering everybody in the organization. Someone who just wants to consume SaaS, someone who wants to just write code, someone who wants to configure the operating system below. And of course people who want to use Linux and want to use open source and everything in that architecture. So that's why Azure is having so much success because it's not just IaaS, it's not public only. It does a lot of connections to the resource you have on premise. And we also let you move to the cloud at your pace. So if I want to move certain applications but a bunch is going to stay on premise for whatever reason, we want to empower the connections between the two and so that you can get the value from both. And that's a huge part of our strategy, which is also why we didn't kill Office on premise. Because a lot of customers want certain parts of Office on premise and they want all of Office in some cases, we should not be forcing them into the decision that they're not ready for. Satya Nattella, a CUBE alumni by the way who was on the CUBE before he became CEO, obviously has a cloud DNA, loves the cloud. Pretty obvious when he came on board as CEO was there to move to the cloud. So it's been great to see the run there. You had mentioned a tweet earlier about how legacy code isn't the only reason why hybrid clouds viable. And then you, there was a tweet here that says apps we are building, you said apps we are building need to have compute capability everywhere, said you. Hybrid clouds about the apps you're designing. So this is kind of like the new normal. You've got some legacy, but that's not the only reason it's some underlying probably economics and infrastructure challenges that can be solved. But it's about the new apps. It is, it's about the new apps and putting the right functionality in the right location to give the customer the appropriate experience. And if you think about the IoT and even in the consumer space, there's certain functionality I want in that end device. And I don't want to be beholden to my wifi connection working all the time in order to get that functionality. In other cases, we've got places like healthcare organizations who have to have certain data in the hospital. They also can't rely on, I'm sorry that you're having cancer problems, our wifi's down, I hope you survive for the next hour until it comes back.  And so it's really about putting the right functionality in the right places and meeting the needs of the end customer. So Microsoft is making a big effort to integrate into the open service world. In your keynote, you talked about Microsoft being different than other public cloud companies. Can you share with us your strategy behind being a customer-focused approach and what is Microsoft doing in this open cloud world? Sure, yep. So the big thing for us is to empower all employees to be successful, which means employees with technical skills, with non-technical skills, employees who didn't come with the Microsoft mindset, who came in with their Apple device and running open source and wanted to stay 100% open source. That was sort of like a line that people just didn't do business with us on. And we've been aggressively working to address that problem. And now we're starting to see, we now have on Azure, 40% of the workloads are Linux workloads and are running open source technologies. And so we're starting to really embrace everybody to be empowered in the platform. The other thing about this is, what capabilities can we give to them that they don't have to write themselves?  That's another huge part of our strategy. And we believe that it shouldn't be us alone who provides all these services, but it should be the overall ecosystem that does this. And that's why when we talk about connectors and APIs, we're going to expose the APIs to Twilio, to all of the other services that you would want out there so that you can connect to this greater ecosystem. So as you, as the strategist for Cloud, we were talking before we went live that you spend a lot of time with customers. You said 75% of your time with customers, I think that customer-centric approach is essential. Share with us some examples. You mentioned Dartmouth Health this morning. Share with our viewers who haven't been able to come here today. What Dartmouth is doing, how are they an example of embracing this hybrid cloud, this modern cloud world to, in their case, save lives? Yeah, and this has been really interesting because it ties very much into the current Obamacare rules that we're facing right now. Hospitals are being judged by customer satisfaction. They cannot get paid by Medicare if they constantly have a patient coming into the emergency room all the time. And so there's pressure on hospitals now that when a patient comes in and they give them some guidance on how they can improve their health, take their medication on a regular basis, eat better food, get the right exercise, that when they leave, that they actually do that. Well, I can't do that if I wait for them to call me because they're probably going to only call me when it's now, oh my gosh, my left leg is killing me. I'm coming back to the emergency room. And so what they've done is working with us, they built out this thing called ImagineCare that allows them to have a central way of tracking what the patient is doing after the doctor has given them instructions and sent them home. And we know that, and they know, there's no way I can do this if I say, here is the medical device you must wear on your wrist at all times. Here's the phone you have to use and you better have these kind of internet connections or this is going to work. So you have to accommodate the patient where they are on the technology they're using. And that's very much the approach that they took. Now, they also have regulations that say some information you can put in the cloud, some information needs to just stay in the hospital. So if we didn't have a hybrid strategy, this would be a non-starter for them. And we have other customers who are going for the same thing where they're saying the data needs to be where it's appropriate. Our Rockwell Automation is another example in the oil and gas space and sadly in the oil and gas space, you don't make money selling gas anymore. You make it by being more efficient in the delivery of the gas and that's exactly their business. And so they have built out an IoT solution using the Azure IoT Suite on the back end that allows them to anywhere the gas is going to monitor the flow of the gas that's going through and make sure that it's flowing as efficiently as possible because the last thing you want is for, you know, some car to run over a pipe and then gas is pouring out into the street. You want to catch that as fast as possible. Well, if I had to notice that was going on, wait for that to go over the internet, get over to the analytics and bring the command back, how much money would I have lost? So empowering the technology in all the places is really key. But the apps are critical of that. That's an app-specific driven value proposition with reliable infrastructure underneath. Exactly. And so your point on the keynote says that, you know, that it's about hybrid clouds, but apps not the infrastructure. I mean, so in terms of priority, infrastructure has to be there, absolutely, SLAs and whatnot. Okay, so with that kind of thread, do you guys see the infrastructure as a service, possibly OpenStack being part of the Azure stack at some point? If the apps take the priority, you guys are potentially being agnostic on that? Are you looking at OpenStack? Yeah, well kind of going back to your other question, it's about what customers want. And what we have to do is make sure that we can deliver the best experience to them, but do it in a way that's going to meet the needs that they have. Right now what they're saying as a priority for them is I want these services to be able to work in a hybrid fashion, so please make sure the apps can talk to each other at the protocols where please make sure your express routes can connect to all of my data centers and we're working with as many partners there as we can, so we have as much coverage as we can. When it comes to I want it to run on a particular platform, we have to do two things. One is we have to say what is the best implementation so the customer experience for what they're asking for is going to be great. And then second, what is the most needed by the customers? Do we have enough customers who are saying do it on this platform, do it in this area? So it's customer driven at that point. Absolutely. All right, so let me put the chessboard since your strategy at Microsoft, you probably have these chess strategy sessions all the time, so Microsoft's been very aggressive with open compute over the years, so I'm going to kind of bring in two dots to see if we connect it. Facebook has been very successful with open sourcing, a lot of their stuff they're now designing their own stuff, so you can see they're an app company, so they're basically app centric. So if you look at Facebook on one hand and then look at what's going on with open computer, which Microsoft has donated a ton of open source proprietary reference implementations to open compute. Yep. Open stack, is there a connection there? Will we see Microsoft and the chessboard making a move to say, hey, you know what, infrastructure to service, we will endorse open stack and then move up the stack in terms of your app focus? Well, we do already endorse open stack and we did all the work to make sure you could run open stack with Windows Server and with Hyper-B, so we're very much empowering open stack within the ecosystem for our customers. Where it comes down to weaving certain technologies of ours together, that's the part where the customers just have to speak up. We haven't heard them specifically saying they want that. So that's on the table for you guys? Everything's on the table. Okay, so I got to go back now to the other chessboard, which is Oracle and Microsoft, both incumbent, huge businesses, obviously the numbers are staggering, people know to go look up the market cap. Oracle has an Oracle on Oracle strategy, cloud one end to end thing and they're leveraging their strengths. If you have Oracle, they got hardware to end to end cloud on premise and their customers love it, so that's phenomenal. But one of the interesting things I asked them and I'll ask you the same thing is, and I'm sure Microsoft's playing the same strategy, we see that all the time there, using their install-based leverage of Microsoft's environment. Okay, that being said, cloud native is for new Microsoft customers, I asked the same question for Oracle, what's successfully having it in net new cloud native customers? Can you share insight into the success Azure's having with net new customers? Oh, absolutely, yeah. And a lot of that comes down to the platform as a service strategy that we put forth and the empowerment of our ecosystem for all of the modern application architecture, tools and platforms that come on to us. So we're having a tremendous amount of success with things like Azure Functions that allows you to do serverless code that calls a series of APIs. Big difference between us and other people who have a similar capability is the APIs you can call are not only Microsoft APIs, you can call third party APIs from that platform as well. And that's kind of the peak of what we call modern apps where I just write 10 lines of code, I don't manage the infrastructure, I don't even know if it's running on infrastructure, it just runs. When you go a little further down to- So the client wants to use non-Microsoft-related technology, he'll support that via API microservices and whatnot? And programming languages, exactly, yeah. To that same degree, if somebody wants to build on top of cloudfoundry.org, the pivotal version of that runs on our platform and we certified the org implementation that you download would run on top of our platform as well. And we have a lot of companies who are doing that on this platform also. So we very much believe that whatever it is you want to build, you should be able to build on our platform. Now to take this a little further, a lot of the modern apps that are sort of cloud native applications are mobile applications. And as you saw with the acquisition of Xamarin that we did, that is a huge suite and solution for building out testing and ensuring that you have the best mobile applications out there. How committed to read open source? We open source all of that technology. And we're just LinkedIn fitting. I got to ask the LinkedIn question. Oh sure. Or no comment. It's your address book for Azure. I mean, that's a huge acquisition. 26 billion for LinkedIn. What does that all fit into this? Well, a lot of it was about synergies between the two technologies. And I can't go into product plans that we have for that because obviously the deal hasn't closed yet. But as Satya stated, our mission and their mission actually align very well is about empowering all the employees to be more productive. And what we realize of course is that inside of your company, a lot of the collaboration and communications actually happens through office. A lot of the collaboration and communications happens between companies. Oftentimes happens with LinkedIn. So that's a natural place for these two things really should come together. It's a bridge between message busting between apps that are siloed, so to speak. Okay, great. So I want to go in a little bit of a different direction for the folks who aren't here today. Yesterday, John, you referenced a number of times. Martin Casada's keynote. Very interesting from Andreessen Hurwitz who talked about this explosion in developer-centric startups. I read a blog that you wrote recently around hybrid cloud and your thoughts on developers. You mentioned the word empowerment a minute ago, which kind of jogged this in my mind. Talk to us about, as we even heard this morning from some of the folks that preceded you in the keynote, really talking about why design for DevOps. What's your feeling about DevOps in terms of empowerment and how is that going to affect the customer experience when it comes to cloud? Yeah, well, the key thing about DevOps, and the term itself is probably separate discussion, but DevOps is really about continuous integration and continuous delivery, and it's about building the minimum amount of code I need to meet the customer demand, putting it out there, verifying that it works, and then when they have more requests, adding more code and rolling it out as fast as you possibly can. Now, the cloud has always been viewed as very aligned to that, and that's where kind of the cloud-native terminology comes in, because if I'm going to add new code and roll it out right away, I'm not going to wait six weeks for my IT department to set up the machines and do all that. I want to deploy it right now, and so that's where the close alignment lies here, and it helps very much if they have more than just the public cloud to deploy this to. So if you have an IaaS implementation or you have a private pass using Cloud Foundry as an example, I can do that on-premise as well. So now, if I know from a hybrid perspective, oh, this functionality they're asking for is best to done in the cloud, but this functionality here is best done over here. Now I can actually be continuous with my delivery anywhere that I need to be, and that's really important. Now, one of the things that was brought up earlier today on the DevOps front is that DevOps is applicable to your entire business, and then one of the big objections that comes up all the time is, well, not with my legacy applications. Well, one thing we do have to remember about some of the legacy applications is if it's a user experience change you want to make, if it's something that you can do where you change the code every single week, great. But if we look like at an ERP system and how it's going to track transactions or it's going to do e-commerce functionality, probably not going to change that every single day. You're probably going to need to be a little more thoughtful about how you do that. So you have to approach these applications as, okay, what is DevOpsable if we want to use that term? And what do I really need to hold on to the old model for? And one of the things that a lot of enterprises run into problematically is that they will do, they'll misinterpret what Gartner calls bimodal, and they'll say, okay, all you guys over here, you are on a every year change the code mode. All you guys over here change every second. When you do that model, then nobody writing the new applications ever touches the backend, because you guys aren't moving fast enough, you don't even have RESTful APIs, why should I bother with you? And they end up building redundant systems. And that's something companies cannot afford these days. And so if you really want to fix that problem, you have to say, no, we're going to be bimodal in the backend, not the backend is second mode. And the best way to do that is to say, okay, we don't want to change that underlying code of the e-commerce system, but if we put a RESTful API, with an API management layer in front of that, and we expose the services that they can call that will not change the code of the backend or require it, but allow them to move forward. Now, I've got a hybrid strategy that keeps the legacy in play, builds the new capabilities, and makes my customers way happier. James, I really appreciate you coming on theCUBE and sharing your insight. I want to kind of shift to tap your expertise. I used to be an analyst at Forrester, now running strategy at Microsoft, visiting a lot of customers. So you've got a great perspective on both sides of the fence. The number one thing we've been trying to tease out and trying to like laser focus on is where the action is. So digital transformation is the buzzword. Everyone kind of sees that as the new way. Okay, it's obvious. You see Amazon, you see that mobile success. Cloud has obviously got great consumption, all that stuff. Everyone kind of gets it. They got to get there. Otherwise they're going to be out of business. They all kind of get the fear there. Where's the action? I mean, is it the architects? Is it the solution architects? Is it the developers? Obviously the developers are building it, and we saw people saying all new hires will be software folks, and we see a lot of people say that. But where's the action now? Is it the front end developers on design? Is it the architects? Is a retail app might be a cloud problem? Or it might be a data problem. So there's a lot of confusion around that. Can you share any insight into where the action is? Yeah, it's a really important question to be bringing up right now, because where the action actually begins is the line of business. And it doesn't always to begin with developers. And where it has to begin with is your customer experience team. The people who out there are dealing with your customers and can articulate our customers are using these mobile devices. Here's how they're using these mobile devices. Here's the kind of things that would work with them. And so that means we should not do this. We should not do that. Like a simple example, everybody's talking about bots right now. Bots are basically you talking to a computer through text messaging and through Facebook and all those kind of things. Well, if your customers really want to hear certain things that way, do that with a bot. But if they're unhappy with you and they really want to talk to somebody, if they have to talk to a bot for 20 minutes before they finally get a person. They're going to be pissed. You know it, absolutely. And so while technologically, that might sound like the right thing to do. What an elegant technical solution, architected beautifully. Exactly. Failing at the real purpose. Yeah, yeah. Because that's the real risk is the companies that want to say digital transformation and do it badly, you didn't transform. So the microservices push the growth in Kubernetes obviously the Docker standardization, all de facto standardization, really highlights essentially this new way. And architecture is a unique perspective. So you're saying, understand the outcome and back into the problem set. Yes. From an architecture versus architecture and then figure out the solution. Exactly. Because if you start with the architecture, it sort of like goes back to the old days in which we had the Oracle DBA. Every problem was solved by running it on Oracle. That's not the case. And we know that clearly to be the case now. So why would you say the answer to your problem is containers? When you haven't yet figured out what exactly the customer is looking for. So I got to ask you, Martin Quesada's slide was up there yesterday and it said old way kind of paraphrase, old way new way, talk about developers. The number one thing was developers don't want a Gartner report. Now I know you're a forester, you're an analyst, but what that talks to is a buyer led journey to our developer led initiatives. So if you take your premise that the outcome is with a focus, the old way of doing things is upside down. So how do people figure this out? Is there a new way to get information? Is it from the open source communities? What's your thoughts on that? Because it used to be, hey, I need to build a retail app, you can call an analyst, here's the best apps to buy, it's a magic quadrant, they go deploy it, they load it on some servers, it's done. But now it's different because you have to do some work on the front end and then architect it. What's the playbook now? How do people find out what's going on? It is much more social media driven and collaborative. So we see a lot more of developers who are trying to figure out what they should do here, go to GitHub. Because there they can find out, not just from the vendors, but they can find out from other companies in the similar industry to them, what they've done, what worked, and they can see the template, they can start from there. So that's much more of the pattern. So the discovery process of the buyer, in this case with a developer, is different. Oh yeah, absolutely. It is much more collaborative, much more what are my peers doing? And by the way, the word peers has changed. So the typical retailer who would say, well let's see, I'm Nike, let's see what Underarm is doing? No, they want to know what the startups are doing. And that's why here in the Valley, we now see about 86 large enterprises who have an innovation team that is here. And they're here to learn from the startups, partner with the startups and really figure out what transformation for them really is going to mean. Okay, so what's your advice to the companies that really are scratching their heads saying, hey, you know, we've been buying gardener reports, we've been doing it the old way, and the CEO's committed, and they got to go the new way. What's the playbook for them? What do they start doing? So the playbook for them is, do us, break things down into three buckets. Do an experiment bucket, which at some companies are carving out as their innovation team, that is really going to work collaboratively, build out new things, start on the cloud, but become hybrid and they find it appropriate. And they're going to do small things that aren't going to affect the whole company. You want that to happen because that thing may not scale to the whole company. It might be something only marketing uses. It might be something only applies to four or five products, but you need that freedom and a small group to do that forward. Then you have the second group, which is things that we learned as an experiment that we think can go to volume. Okay, now that's going to cause a transformation that's going to start to impact some other programs, some other capabilities. The real investment comes in, the real meat on the bone, so to speak, happens. Yeah, and you might bring in some SaaS applications because they don't fit for your old model. You might change some infrastructure decisions that you would normally have done another way, but you do it just for those applications that are in volume. And then you have the third group, which is what's the fundamental change is we as an organization are going to make because it's going to affect air quality. So the real transformative operationalizing of that. Yeah, exactly. And Gartner's viewed by a lot of people as sort of the conservative view of what is, what are all the companies doing instead of what are the- So more benchmarking, traditional benchmarking. Yeah. How do we stay versus our competition? Exactly, so Gartner's really still very, very valuable for that second group and for that third group. Well, a lot of these new solutions don't really fit in one magic quadrant. That's the problem that a lot of these companies, the horizontally scalable cloud is not a quadrant. Right, exactly. You can't really put that in there. Or if you're saying best cloud for healthcare. I haven't seen a magic quadrant for that one yet. Yeah. Right, well I think your advice is spot on. It's very much aligning with some of the guests that we had on yesterday in terms of piloting things starting small, learning, making decisions, ensuring that there's alignment from the business, from the IT folks, and really also what you showed our guests today is that what Microsoft is doing with customers in the open source community is really kind of across a spectrum of industries, which is great to hear since we hear traditionally a lot of NFV, a lot of telecom use cases. So I think your advice is fantastic. And it's great to hear that the focus is really customer first and that your time spent with customers is quite valuable, quite useful. Great, well thanks for having me Alan. The Cube has been great. You guys are doing amazing stuff and keep it up. We appreciate it. James Staten from Microsoft here inside the Cube Live in Silicon Valley for OpenStack SV, the hashtag OSSV16 or OpenStack SV is theCUBE. Live in Silicon Valley. We'll be right back with more after this short break.


Let me ask Amitabh Kundu to be the next speaker. Professor Amitabh Kundu is at the Jawaharlal Naira University in Delhi. He's among our most leading scholars on urban issues, which you will see for yourself. He's also now a member of the National Statistical Commission. Amitabh? Dr. Abba Davis, Dr. Rakesh Mohan, colleagues and friends, is honour and privilege for me to associate with this Urban Age Conference, specifically sharing the session with Dr. Riki Brudet and Professor Saskia Sasen. Let me straight away take you from the dualistic urban morphology of Sao Paulo and Shanghai and Manhattan to the Indian city system. The dualism of Indian economic and social structure is manifest nowhere as distinctly and as emphatically as in the trends, patterns and projections of urbanisation. On the one hand, there are apprehensions that there will be urban explosion exodus from the rural areas to the urban areas in the next four to five decades for good or bad reasons associated with globalization, crossing the magic limit of 50% of urban population by 2050 or even earlier. On the other hand, there are serious concerns that large number of small and medium towns are not experiencing the economic and the demographic growth, particularly in the backward regions. Now as far as the projection exercises are concerned, I must say that most of them have been carried out within the framework of an alarmistic framework of over urbanisation and this is one thesis of over urbanisation on which there seems to be a convergence of views between the proponents of globalization and the critics of globalization. They all tend to talk about a massive urban growth although the data from the population census does indicate a significant deceleration from 3.8% annual exponential growth rate in the 70s to 3.1% per annum in the 80s to currently 2.7% in the 90s. Now it's indeed true that UN projections, particularly UN population division, are closer to reality and every second year they have revised the projected urban population downwards the moment they had access to the sampling registration system or the census data but still it's on the higher side. Basically because of the methodology of projection, urban rural growth differential for India is taken to be increasing to some hypothetical urban rural growth differential which is set too high and I think most of the projections for the larger cities by the UN population division is on the higher side. I don't think I have time here to speculate on the factors which are responsible for this alarmistic viewpoint on urbanisation. Is it the vested interest of the elite class who want larger location for the better off and so-called middle class localities? Is it the justification of the massive demolitions and evictions that have taken place in many of the metropolitan cities or is it because of a rationale, building a rationale for the negative perspective on migration that Dr. Rakesh Mohan quoted from UNFPA document which has also pointed this out. But nonetheless, all the calculations that we did at our centre by taking alternate scenarios does still and I'm answering this question whether the urban growth rate is likely to go up. Indeed, urban growth rate population, urban population would certainly decline. That's basically because of population growth rate going down. But urban rural growth differential is likely to go up a bit and our projection tells us that the projected urban population by 2050 would be somewhere between 40% or 42%. Basically because of the exclusionary urban growth that we have which is denying a large number of poor in the rural areas to put a foothold in the urban centres and also denying small and medium towns and backward regions to experience rapid economic and demographic growth. Now I think the second important point that I would like to mention is that there is likely to be a paradigm shift in the pattern of urbanisation. Since independence I would say 50s onwards we have noted that the relatively less developed states in India have recorded slightly higher urban growth rate. But this has changed in the 90s. We do find that developed states are recording higher demographic growth and as far as size class wise growth rates are concerned. I remember Dr. Rakesh Mohan was the first in the early 80s who tried to systematise the calculations. But we agreed that class one cities which is 100,000 plus population are experiencing slightly higher growth rate compared to small and medium towns and I would like to mention that this disparity in the growth rates have widened in the 90s is likely to go up in future years and disparity across districts, across regions and across size class of urban centres has become much higher, inequality has become much higher which is likely to go up and if you ask me what is the single major concern as far as the largest cities of India are concerned I would say that it is the significant deceleration in the growth rate of small and medium towns and even the number of census towns going down which has happened in the 91, 2000 census everything related to demography of India has recorded an increase but the number of census towns going down certainly is one of the major concerns I think for the future of the city.


One local gym is starting to offer a new boxing class that is designed with a specific audience in mind. Sarah Winkelman shows us how takedown gym in Brainerd is now offering rock steady boxing to people with Parkinson's disease. Rock steady boxing has made its way to Brainerd and it's designed specifically to help those with Parkinson's disease. You can take medication but you have to exercise. That is the only thing that will slow the disease or reverse some of the symptoms. There's no cure and there's not a lot that will help over the long run except exercise. That's been wonderful. You gain a lot and get everything moving in your body. Jim was diagnosed with Parkinson's about a year and a half ago and his wife Betty says rock steady boxing has given him the strength to tackle the symptoms. His mental state has improved some. He's got a very better attitude. He feels like okay I can fight it and that's what he's doing. He's fighting it every single day. Jim is fighting along with 25 other boxers who are battling the disease together one punch at a time. I was scared to death. I thought this isn't going to be easy because I've never stepped foot in an exercise gym before so I'm really not the person that should have been stepping forward but I knew it was necessary. Linda played a major role in bringing the international fitness program to the Brainerd Lakes and many locals are forever grateful that she did. It's like a godsend to us. It's like God put us in this place because we were struggling for him. Where the fitness program brings new strength inside and out. I am stronger now than I've ever been in my life so the Parkinson's forces me to say I have to exercise and why not do something fun with other people. They all were doing so great and it's fun to see each other their motivation and encouraging each other is really cool. Oh it helps me a lot. I'm exhausted when I get home then. Reporting in Brainerd Sarah Winkleman, Lakeland News. Rocksteady Boxing has nearly 550 locations around the world. If you enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News please consider making a tax deductible contribution to Lakeland PBS.