My name is Jane Prusakowa. I'll be talking about privacy. Thank you for coming. This is the weirdest space I've ever spoken in. I haven't done feather as a cat at all. I usually speak at user groups, which is a small room with desks. So privacy. I'm not going to tell you to drop your Facebook. So this is not that kind of a talk. But somehow, 15 years, 20 years after we've got Google, and Facebook, and Twitter, and all this nice stuff, we have a society that runs on a surveillance business model. So let's talk about that. I work for YSAT. I've spent 10 years as a consultant, and the rest of my career working as a product architect and developer. And I'm interested in behavioral science, which is about people. My experience in technology is that technology becomes easy. People do not. People get more and more complicated the more time you spend around them. So let's talk about why we should care about privacy. This talk has been inspired by a very interesting book, Data and Goliath by Bruce Schneier. Have you heard of Bruce Schneier? Great. He is a scholar. He works, I think, at Harvard University, one of his titles. He writes a very interesting book, and he is an original technical implementer of many security features that we still use. But he's a big thinker about what privacy is as well. So surveillance is a business model. We know all these logos. We all live with them every day. And this is our normal. So this is free.  It's not new. We've always had digital surveillance. Nielsen reports have been going out since early 20th century where people filled out what TV they like to use and where they lived and what their phone number was, if they had a phone number. You have post office. You have to pay extra to opt out of yellow pages. You will be listed if you don't do anything about it. That's the default situation. And then there's credit reports. These people know what you buy, how much you pay, and when you pay for it. Store loyalty card. Anyone has a card for their user? Anyone put a name on their card? But somehow we went from this to this. Anyone here doesn't have a smartphone. This is a DevOps conference. Excellent.  They capture what we type. They know what we query about and what we care about. They know who we talk to and who we send email, text, or get phone calls from. And finally, they know what we're buying if you're using Google Pay, Android Pay, or Apple Pay, or any other kind of pay that's built into the phone. There is self-sensory on the slide, which means you typed it and you erased it. Software can capture that too. It doesn't exist for real, except it does. It got recorded. It started innocently enough. Back in the 90s and early 2000s, suddenly we got a useful internet which was providing entertainment, which was fun. Let me stop for a second and say that there is no Q&A section at the end. Please raise your hand and I'll try to see it. It's OK to share comments because this is stuff of life. I'm not teaching you technology here. It started innocently enough. We shared what TV we liked with Nelson. We started telling what we like to read. We started researching our travel plans so the sites could collect this information. Now it's everything. It moved to appliances so it knows about our dirty laundry and what's in our refrigerator to full cloud control. Now you can have the cloud controlling if your locks are closed or open, if you have air conditioning, Ryan, if your dogs get food, maybe. And the next one is what you're talking about. Anyone has an Amazon Echo similar listening device? Does it listen a lot? There was a program on the NPR that already introduced an Echo Dot to her three-year-old. Three-year-old started treating the Echo Dot as a member of the family in 24 hours. This is how short it takes to become used talking to an animate object, except it's not really an animate object. Someone on the other side is listening. This data is processed by other people and it can be shared with a lot of people for somebody's gain because, well, possession is ownership. Anyone has bought a similar doll for their kids? This is a famous doll from Mattel from a few years ago. It made the list of the top best toys for Christmas. It's fairly expensive. It talks back to the kids. It's very intelligent. In fact, it captures what it's hearing. It sends the information over the network to a third party processing and it replies back. Intelligent is so intelligent that a person is actually involved. It's not just all AI. The data is going to other countries. It's going to places that are not published. It's basically introducing a listening device in your most private of situations. What the kids are listening to. Not every Barbie doll is like that. This one was actually pulled from the market after there was an appror, which took a few months before people caught on what was happening. But we do this. Samsung TV, another listening TV, you can talk to it. It will do what you want, but it will also capture conversations that are not intended for the TV. Again, it's your living room. It's your family room. Do you want technology listening? Do you want how many people having access to this? Okay, they covered the cameras. Now they are getting the visual in addition to the audio. And the car. The car knows quite a bit. It knows how you drive. More importantly, it knows where you drive. And how long you spend there. There was a study at some point where the government collected metadata on phone calls, which is like the car. It doesn't know why you're going there or which exact door you are knocking on, but it knows how long you spent and the general neighborhood, well, within a few parking spots or within a few streets. Metadata is important. We learned that some people called divorce lawyers. Some people called abortion clinics. Some people called funeral planning services. Some people called about inheritance to lawyers or courts. It's important. Even if we didn't capture contents of those conversations, it's enough to catch up with the person. And it's all out there. So what does this data cost? What's the value? What are we giving out for free intentionally by signing all those user agreements saying, okay, you can have it? Facebook is worth $470 billion. I checked last night. United Airlines. Not so much. United Airlines has property. It has airplane slots. It has licenses. It has equipment. It's got a brand. Facebook also got a brand. But more importantly, it has data for billions of people. This is how much the market values it. It's not the servers. The servers are cheap. It's not the software. The software is fairly cheap too. It's getting people to share. That's where Facebook succeeds and makes its market cap, makes its value. So what are we getting for it? We are getting servers. We are getting a place to type what we think to our friends and maybe their friends and maybe your friends at Facebook and everybody who is a friend of Facebook, not necessarily our friend. We are not really getting compensated for our data other than by the servers. The data is valued at the same nominal minimum value. You can sign up to multiple services and share a lot and you get the same service or you can share a little. You can sign up for everything or just one. All you are getting is bad service, no matter what. Okay, what is on the screen? This is not mine. Facebook is also in a great position and everyone who collects data and Google is the top company actually, not Facebook. You can use that data for good. You can figure out traffic patterns. You can cure diseases. You can do something about market pricing in a smarter way. You can do credit in a smarter way but you can also hunt people and you can collect more money from those who can afford it and you can collect more money from those who cannot shop around. So there are good ways to do this and there are less than good ways to do it. The problem is we don't get to know any of this. There is zero transparency. When you sign up for these services, you give up your data and it took how many years for Facebook to give it back to you? A lot of services still don't have to give it back to you and don't do it. There have been multiple lawsuits, people trying to get Google to remove some information from its stories. Some has been won, some has been lost but it's expensive. It's not in every person's agenda. This is not normal. So many years ago, my Mark Zuckerberg said that privacy is no longer a norm. As a society, we get to decide, is this normal? Is this ours? Who is this guy who decides for us? Well, here is an opinion of someone interested. You have to decide for yourself what's important. I think this, this is what I think kids should be taught. Privacy is important. Don't share everything. There are limits about what you want to share and more importantly, you have to work hard for it. It's not easy anymore. I've had many conversations about privacy with different people.  I'm not doing anything wrong. Therefore, why not let the entire world know? There is a reason we want privacy and here I'm going to ask you to read this very long statement. Privacy is not about hiding something wrong. It is about having personal space.  They're losing the space because, well, they are getting service, but we really need that we cannot live in a society and be part of it without giving our data, without giving up the privacy that we used to enjoy and not think very much about. Here is another one. This one is from a scholar and a lawyer. This was hard reading. Thank you for bearing with me. Pictures of puppets are usually a good thing. And then there is a conversation about what privacy means. Privacy means different things. There is a government argument is if we don't have access to everybody's communication, it makes it harder for us to catch terrorists. There are people who agree with this. There are also plenty of experts who say if you have too much of a pile, it gets harder to find anything useful and you have too many false positives for what you find to be useful. So here is something from James Comey, FBI director at the time. There is no such thing as absolute privacy. There is no place outside of judicial reach. You can be compelled to say what you saw, which is not the same as a recording of what you saw can be produced, right? So they can ask you nicely or not, but they cannot make you. Awareness of the government may be watching chills expressive freedoms. This exists, this is real. You have to watch what you say in public space, except suddenly every space is public because there is a Barbie doll, there is a Samsung TV, they are losing that space that is not limited. So back to what's going up to the cloud and can be retrieved with a sufficiently valid request from the government or someone willing to pay for it. So this is advice how to get your privacy back. And I think this is silly. Yeah, we all have attractor blockers and paint in your face is a bit much. You don't want to avoid other humans. They are part of the society. If you want to be part of the society, this is how we are the most productive. Don't move to remote forest. This is a nice place to be. But this is important. This is something we used to enjoy as default for our lives, our conversations for conversations, except this talk is being recorded. And the conversations that you may have here may or may not get on audio and video records. This is great. We are in a public space. We want to share the knowledge from here, except we should have an option to have a private conversation, which is not being recorded, which is definitely outside of public eye. And sometimes we don't know that. In the building where I used to work and most office buildings, the landlord or the employer can record all audio and video everywhere except the bathrooms. They posted a sign, no phone conversations in the bathroom. So, which was kind of ironic, I'm sure the landlord didn't think about it. But yeah, you have to go outside. And that's not always a comfortable solution. No private conversations during the eight hours you had to work. So, conversations get recorded, interactions happen over text, Facebook, Twitter, email, what have you, everything lists a trace. We have a lot more pictures. So, when secrecy is truly paramount, go back to face-to-face conversations. Phone is better, regular old phone is better than your smartphone. Audio is better than text message because it's harder to pick up. Not everything is recorded, but we are moving there. And we'll be moving there ever faster as technology becomes more available and a space to store it becomes cheaper and more plentiful. We used to have those exceptions to ephemeral conversations. Court proceedings were always recorded since we had court proceedings. Performances were recorded, like this talk, portraits and photographs, which were taken what, three times in a lifetime? Maybe six times in a lifetime. And letters and diaries, which is how we know how people lived. And now we have stacks of emails. Right to privacy is implicit, but it's always been there. It's in the Bill of Rights, Article 4, right, of the people to be securing their persons against unreasonable searches. This is only against the government. There is nothing here against the private enterprise, against the corporations, because they didn't exist. They didn't need this protection because there was no bill in. We need to rethink this. And we don't have a chance because we are busy typing away on Facebook. So, do we have data privacy laws? No. We have ad hoc approach. Laws and regulations apply to very narrow classes of data, like your medical records, some kids' data, and we expect the industry to self-regulate. Well, the industry self-regulates to maximize its profits, which makes sense, which that's what industry does. Can you do better? Yeah, you can do better. In Europe, there is this new set of laws that regulates what data protections should be in place. But this is the second iteration of those laws that took effect earlier this year. And they make it harder for industry to handle customer data, which I think is a good thing because there should be a cost to data ownership. Right now, the data is owned by possession. If you have it, it's yours. You have zero responsibility to those who the data came from or who the data describes. So, for the company, yes, there is negative PR. We have to notify customers if they had a breach. But the cost of this negative PR is not very high because, well, it happens quite a bit. And where else are we going to go? And they don't have to make restitutions. A few times, my data has been breached by different providers. I have received invites to credit monitoring services, which by the way, say that they are going to collect all your data and you can leave them, you can stop paying them or not, or your free program can end, they are not ever erasing your data. They are going to keep it forever and ever. So, if you are signing up for a live log, read the privacy statement, which is subject to change at any point, by will, and read by end user agreement. Sometimes you can get your data back, not always, not in America. So, if we get to decide privacy versus surveillance, privacy may not be absolute, but is it valuable? Is this something we want as a society? Are we willing to put effort to get it back? Because technology makes it easy to make it disappear. It takes work to step up and request it. This is asking for your citizenship activism. This is asking for you to have a conversation, especially with your kids about what they should and shouldn't be sharing, especially if they are on Facebook or on some chat. So, that's all I have, I think. Book is inspired by, talk is inspired by Data and Calliope. It's a great book with lots of stories and specifics. By Bruce Schneier, please read it. I'm not getting royalties from the sales. I just read this book and thought it makes perfect sense. Did you have a question? So, your talk was very aimed at the consumer concerns of our personal privacy. But this is a room full of people who are in the business of violating people's privacy in some cases. I know there are probably some people who worked on Alexa here in this room, or if there's not, it's surprising to me. Do you have any, I would be curious to know if you have any guidance for people working in DevOps, perhaps a code of conduct that you like that people should abide by any guidance for those of us in the field? I would suggest thinking as a consumer, would you like a right to have your data forgotten? Would you like to be able to turn off Alexa easily so it stops listening? Would you like it to test more for it that it doesn't capture what it shouldn't capture than what it should, when the other side, because we tend to test for functionality, it has to capture this, so let's figure it, let's make sure it does, we don't test the other side. So as engineers, we have an impact, but more importantly, talk to your company, talk to the product owners, talk about requirements, figure out how to market this to your customers and see if you get demand for it. So this is my advice to engineers, think as a consumer, how would you like your data treated? And enjoy your lunch, and thank you so much, Jane.


Hey, what up people? I'm in New York. I don't know why I'm so Yo, yo, if you move it just a little to the left the lighting is perfect bro perfect lighting Thank you. So we're about to head out to eat pretty much everybody is in the same hotel right now. So Flight said he's hungry and I haven't eaten in a while and too cool hungry Always so yeah, we're about to grab a bite. I didn't think it ever come to this man I was so excited to meet Ronnie 2k. I just didn't turn my mic on so Throughout the interaction.  I'm just average, you know y'all need a No means we're trash, bro. I'm saying how you have fun girls and then trash food that don't add up Bro when you had conversation with them is like it took two seconds to process Hey, so I would like to get some barbecue wings today. Um, is that possible you feel me like can I get a drink? Literally the whole conversation And plus with a 10-minute wait 15 is like a man if you want to see more food reviews like that just subscribe to the channel and 2k 18 We do that shit, too. No, yeah Oh my god, if you don't know a proper walking etiquette, you need to stay out the way. What's wrong with him, bro? Anyway, we're seeing if we can hoop now y'all know I can't really hoop like that no more because I became a fridge protector or plate cleaner, whatever you want to call it a vegetable dodger and an Appetite What do y'all say in the comments? I lost track y'all have just too creative with the shits.  This is dingy NBA 2k 18 hat.   I'm not glad to you I don't want to read all that. I haven't read it yet. You read it, right? He summarized it for me I'm good. Could you could you get the lighting man? Thank you. Thank you Just a little to the left a little to the left. Okay, that's good lighting right there, man You said a check Hey low-key I'm kind of hype flight told me he's gonna be playing cash today. I'm trying to see that I'm not gonna hoop myself cuz I'm trash now. Yeah, I don't want to go I'm trash now. You didn't hear I'm only playing if I case I'm always in hoop attire Yeah, I'm only playing if I'm playing you So you have you have to be the opponent I Wanted to play you in Chicago, but I never got a chance Yo, I'm not gonna lie to y'all I didn't even know terminal 23 was in New York No, I knew I knew about Rocker Park. I knew they had rooftop parks. I know about this man You got me so excited iPod man. You failed us all bro. We brought us on this journey We promised us we was gonna see terminal 23 Okay, all right. So look first of all first of all this guy He made the plans He mapped it out We executed and it's a dog explain This is dope though man Crazy in my my legs are dying man right now, but it was enjoyable though Alright y'all new day. Listen man. I was out last night. It was a good time LD May or may not have been trying to kill me of anticipation. I'm just getting ready real quick We're gonna head down to the lobby.  Yes, you know you're late Interfering with my bar, bro, we're all gonna We're all having the same blog today man when I get in and if it's online, I'm dropping agent Dropping agent off. Oh, I gotta go Okay right now where we're headed. I thought this one would be like, you know Playing the game maybe but Apparently not What does that mean Hey Mike Wang, what do you want to tell the people about 2k 18? It's gonna be Big year for us. It's a huge year. You guys have a lot of fun with 2k 18. Can't wait for you if your turn is on the game Thank you, man.  I'm like MVA 3 and I appreciate you. Hi, man We're hopping on the bus now currently at the moment.  Hey, man Check out this book bag Is there a problem with the way I said book bag? No. Hi, man Yo, let's be super clear y'all were cooking me in the comment section like I wasn't murdering my studies man Relax. It's not like I wasn't killing it in class. I'm I didn't technically drop out though You dropped out too. I got one year of college Me too, man Hey, you dropped out too. I didn't even go that's you dropped out after high school Hey, it's a bias man I gotta go like this to get you in the frame. It's a wide-angle lens. Yeah, I appreciate it man. What that's what happened Yeah, you don't know anything y'all had no idea what I was and you're like y'all y'all huddled up like this I'm like, you know, you're like, is that Kobe Bryant? Bro, this could be a meme for so many occasions right now. I'm just enjoying the show Gotta switch. I gotta switch.  I had to return it I got another switch. I can return that now because I got this switch. No, you locked in. I got too many switch You can get Yo 2k just spotted me some free kicks What are you gonna do can't say no to free kicks plus? I was actually really considering getting the Kyrie 3 is let me open these up Now that right there, I don't have a colorway like that. That's a special one. I'm gonna wear that Event like for these masses. I wasn't on it and then she was she pulled out a separate list It was a call. We had some misspells and here's your name How y'all doing All right cool and anyway, hey, what up dame? How's life man?  Oh my god. Oh my god.  Oh Yeah, it's a pack opening time. Yo, it's okay Opening of the year right here Yo, that's a lot more of course Hey Yo, we just seen you can upgrade your badges Online and this badge progress meters so you know when you're supposed to completing it Because there's nothing worse than doing it wrong and realizing afterwards when you spend all the time Oh, is that the tattoo shop Tattoo shop You can really walk in stores Okay, so guys look under tattoos You have to be a certain level so all your chance 91 And on your neck 91 as well So you gotta unlock the tattoo. Yeah, by your overall rate So if you see someone with a high-level tattoo Oh Here we go only the 2k problem team is not something to be taken lightly You can submit clothes designs that the community can vote on that ends up being sold on the 2k stores To other people to wear which is dope for the design. I don't know how you guys pulled it off, man But I don't know either We haven't slept in Six months six months It's gonna be hectic leading up to the launch. No, yeah, it's gonna be a little bit hectic, but it's good. We love it We love being hectic Which which part of the game are you most excited about? I'm always excited about gameplay bro. That's my stuff So The game is tight and sure it plays good Is it the better given? You only got the wall of fame so the people that grinded to legend did it all For this wall and I guess the only good part about the wall is that you actually have to walk Through it and see it to get into the park. And so maybe a w but I don't really know if it's really worth grinding all the way except just to say that you're a legend Is it recording? Yeah No stamina swing it for three Ah Yo, yo, I don't know what release this is but it looks clean. Hey ld, man I was speaking to him last night And he was telling me the game is gonna be good, but he wanted me to try it out I got a bunch of reps in on the park. I haven't played any of the other games yet So i'm gonna walk around and do that, but we're wrong ld. I'm impressed Hey, man, we're just trying to listen to people who have very loud voices on my 20 minute youtube videos Very loud very loud, but you know the moral maker hat, so I knew you guys But you know what? I mean, I just hope that everybody out there and you guys A lot of listening to the community feedback That's progression dual art types I'm impressed I might need a skateboard though. I might take a walk For my player to get around you know, I wrote the 99 ain't no joke this year, but you know, I really honestly it's like All of our producers our entire development team like I can't say this enough These guys work so hard day in day out 24 seven to make these amazing things happen and like shout out to routine or digital concepts Oh, by the way, I didn't mention but thank god for this Primary and secondary archetypes This is so beautiful, man, I've been asking for this for so long And I like that I like that y'all also have like the purist blasters and the purist sharps You know, so for the person and by the way, if you want to get a purple badge You double up on the same archetype you have decisions to make It's be done. You got decisions to make but now it's in your hands You guys don't want to be more in my roleplayers stuff to you Wait, is that your name on it? Hold on So I approached to stand here I was like, what's jersey pickup and she's like, did you send the email? I didn't send no email But I got a jersey now and it's a raptor's jersey.  Hey, shout out to 2k for the gift, man Wow, I'm getting this is it's too much generosity today, man Hey, man, I had to step out bro. It's it's crazy in there, man We got bro. I got headphones jerseys and you know beyond any of that. I'm just excited that I just like you expected something and it didn't just meet that it went beyond that My only worry is I don't know if I'm gonna get bored of that same park over and over again I know I was talking to shakedown. He said he asked about that and uh, hopefully they have like night or day I'm not entirely sure about any of that. Yeah, we do know there's ante up in there There was a bunch of stuff, man.   Hey, I just pulled up. It's the rooftop event. Yo, hold up Do y'all gotta see the view She's and and there's Ronnie right there in the background. Did y'all see that? I just booked this now The players literally have dialogue with one another Like if there's a rebound or a fast break one player yells got balls So, you know, which player is picking up on the fast break So you don't double up on the wrong guy and leave somebody open When you hold him down with the Los Angeles Lakers 33 28 against this man. That's respectable. I'm like Connor McGregor. He's like me whether I feel good right now I don't know how it's gonna go in the tenth round. I feel good How much have you played the game?  So don't tell Mike, but he's currently been ranting for like the last half hour Literally all weekend actually it's I want to think of a nickname for him. Me too. I've been working on that Yeah, we'll come back to that one. He's what leave it in the comments below What did you say?  I'm out. Peace


My name is Malini Roy. I am the curator of Mughal India Art, Culture and Empire. I'm very lucky to be here to introduce the exhibition, which focuses on the Mughal Empire from the 16th through the 19th century. It's a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to look at these rare manuscripts, paintings and objects of art. The exhibition looks at the portraits of the 15 major Mughal emperors. We've got historic accounts, portraits, as well as intimate glances into the lives of the Mughal emperors. This Imperial manuscript, the Book of Akbar, looks at the childhood of the infant Akbar, who was one of the major Mughal emperors. After a three-year separation from his parents, he was reunited and this scene just captures him seated in the lap of one of the women at the Mughal court. The Mughals were great writers and they commissioned and wrote their own personal memoirs. This manuscript here looks at an episode from the life of the Mughal Emperor Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire, who was being tended to by physicians during an illness in 1498. And here you can see an instructional poem for pigeon fanciers. It provides information on the care and breeding of pigeons, which was a popular pastime at the Mughal court. This very popular painting features Europeans as painted by Mughal artists. It's a very interesting painting because it's not drawn from life, but from the imagination of Mughal artists. The exhibition not only reveals the lives of the Mughal emperors, but also provides glimpses into the areas of interest such as the arts, sciences, religion, literature, and reveals why the empire came to a final end. The exhibition will run until April 2nd, 2013.


A Boo Ben Adam by James Henry Lee Hunt, read for LibriVox.org by Mike Buckley. A Boo Ben Adam, may his tribe increase, awoke one night from a deep dream of peace, and saw within the moonlight in his room, making it rich and like a lily in bloom an angel, writing in a book of gold. Exceeding peace had made Ben Adam bold and to the presence in the room he said, What right is thou? The vision raised its head, and with a look made of all sweet accord, answered the names of those who love the Lord. In his mind one said, A Boo, nay not so replied the angel, A Boo spoke more low, but surely still and said, I pray thee then, write me as one that loves his fellow men. The angel wrote and vanished. The next night it came again with a great wakening light, and showed the names whom love of God had blessed, and lo, Ben Adam's name led all the rest. August Moonlight by Richard Legallien, read for LibriVox.org by Clarica. The solemn light behind the barns, the rising moon, the crickets call, the August night, and you and I, what is the meaning of it all? Has it a meaning, after all, or is it one of nature's lies, that net of beauty that she casts over life's unsuspecting eyes, that web of beauty that she weaves for one strange purpose of her own, for this the painted butterfly, for this the rose, for this alone? Strange repetition of the rose, and strange reiterated call of bird and insect, man and maid, is that the meaning of it all? If it means nothing, after all, and nothing lives except to die, it is enough that solemn light behind the barns, and you and I. End of poem. This recording is in the public domain. A Ballad of Past Meridian by George Meredith, read for LibriVox.org by Alan Davis Drake. 1. Last night, returning from my twilight walk, I met the grey-missed Death, whose eyeless brow was bent on me, and from his hand of chalk he reached me flowers as from a withered bow. Oh Death, what bitter nose-gay givest thou? 2. Death said, I gather, and pursued his way. Another stood by me, a shape in stone, sword-hacked and iron-stained with breasts of clay, and metal veins that sometimes fiery shone. Oh, life, how naked and how hard when known! 3. Life said, as thou hast carved me, such am I. Then memory, like the night jar on the pine, and sightless hope, a woodlark in night sky joined notes of death and life till nights decline. Of death, of life, those in-wound notes are mine. End of poem. This recording is in the public domain. Her voice was like the song of birds, her eyes were like the stars, her little waving hands were like birds' wings that beat the bars, and when those waving hands were still, her soul had fled away, the music faded from the air, the colour from the day. End of poem. This recording is in the public domain. Contentment by Oliver Wendell Holmes, read for LibriVox.org by Jake Baker, September 2007. The poem begins with a quotation, Man wants but little here below. Little I ask, my wants or few, I only wish a hut of stone, a very plain brown stone will do, that I may call my own, and close at hand is such a one, in yonder street that fronts the sun. Plain food is quite enough for me, three courses are as good as ten, if nature can subsist on three, thank heaven for three, amen. I always thought cold, victual, nice, my choice would be vanilla ice. I care not much for gold or land, give me a mortgage here and there, some good bank stock, some note of hand, or trifling railroad chair, I only ask that fortune send a little more than I shall spend. Honours are silly toys I know, and titles are but empty names, I would perhaps be plenipot but only near St. James, I'm very sure that I should not care to fill our gubernator's chair. Jewels or bobbles, tis a sin, to care for such unfruitful things, one good-sized diamond in a pin, some not so large in rings, a ruby and a pearl or so will do for me, I laugh at show. My dame should dress in cheap attire, good heavy silks are never dear, I own perhaps I might desire some shawls of true cashmere, some Maori crepes of china silk, like wrinkled skins on scalded milk. I would not have the horse I drive so fast that folks must stop and stare, an easy gate, two forty-five, suits me, I do not care, perhaps for just a single spurt some seconds less would do no hurt. Of pictures I should like to own, titions and raffles three or four, I love so much their style and tone, one turner and no more, a landscape foreground golden dirt the sunshine painted with a squirt, a books but view some fifty score for daily use and bound for nowhere, the rest upon an upper floor some little luxury there, of red maracros goaded gleam and velum rich as country cream, busts, cameos, gems, such things as these which others often show for pride, I value for their power to please and shelfish jewels to ride. One stride of areas I confess, two mere shams I would feign possess, wealth's wasteful tricks I will not learn nor ate the glittering upstart full, shall not carve tables serve my turn, but all must be of bull, give grasping pomp its double share I ask but one recumbent chair, thus humble let me live and die, nor long for Midas golden touch, if heaven more generous gifts deny I shall not miss them much, too grateful for the blessings lent of simple tastes and mind content. End of Poem This recording is in the Public Domain. How Did You Die? by Edmund Vance Cook Read for LibriVox.org by Michael Robinson, Carbondale, Illinois Did you tackle that trouble that came your way with a resolute heart and cheerful? Or hide your face from the light of day with a craven soul and fearful? Oh, a trouble's a ton, or a trouble's an ounce, or a trouble is what you make it. And it isn't the fact that you're hurt that counts, but only, how did you take it? You are beaten to earth, well, well, what's that? Come up with a smiling face. It's nothing against you to fall down flat but to lie there. That's disgrace. The harder you're thrown, why, the higher you bounce. Be proud of your blackened eye. It isn't the fact that you're licked that counts. It's how did you fight, and why? And though you be done to the death, what then, if you battled the best you could, if you played your part in the world of men, why, the critic will call it good. Death comes with a crawl, or comes with a pounce, and whether he's slower spry?  End of poem. This recording is in the public domain. In a garden, by Algern and Charles Swinburne, read for libravox.org by Annika Feilbach. In a garden, baby, see the flowers, baby sees fairer things than these, fairer though they be than dreams of ours, baby, hear the birds, baby knows better songs than those, sweeter though they sound than sweetest words, baby, see the moon, baby's eyes laugh to watch it rise, answering light with love and night with noon, baby, hear the sea, baby's face takes a graver grace, touched with wonder what the sound may be, baby, see the star, baby's hand opens warm and bland, calm and claim of all things fair that are, baby, hear the bells, baby's head bows is ripe for bed, now the flowers cull round and close their cells, baby, flower of light, sleep and see brighter dreams than we, till good day shall smile away good night. End of poem. This recording is in the public domain. No coward's soul is mine, no trembler in the world's storm-troubled sphere. I see heaven's glory shine, and faith shines equal, arming me from fear.  Vain are the thousand creeds that move men's hearts, unutterably vain, worthless as withered weeds or idlest froth amid the boundless mane. To waken doubt in one holding so fast by thine infinity, so surely anchored on the steadfast rock of immortality. With wide embracing love thy spirit animates eternal years, pervades and broods above. Changes, sustains, dissolves, creates and rears. Though earth and man were gone, and suns and universes ceased to be, and thou were left alone, every existence would exist in thee. There is not room for death, nor Adam that his might could render void, thou art being and breath, and what thou art may never be destroyed. The Laws of God, the Laws of Man, by A. E. Hausman, read for LibriVox.org by Jake Baker. The Laws of God, the Laws of Man, he may keep that will and can. Not I let God and man decree laws for themselves and not for me. And if my ways are not as theirs, let them mind their own affairs. Their deeds I judge in much condemn, yet when did I make laws for them? Use yourselves, say I, and they need only look the other way. But no, they will not. They must still rest their neighbor to their will, and make me dance as they desire with jail and gallows and hellfire. And how am I to face the odds of man's bedevilment and gods? I, a stranger and afraid, in a world I never made. They will be master right or wrong, though both are foolish, both are strong. And since my soul we cannot fly, to Saturn nor to Mercury I. Keep we must, if keep we can, these foreign laws of God and man. And of poem, this recording is in the public domain. London, by William Blake, read for LibriVox.org by David Barnes. I wander through each chartered street, near where the chartered Thames does flow, And mark in every face I meet, marks of weakness, marks of woe. In every cry of every man, in every infant's cry of fear, In every voice, in every ban, the mind-forged manacles I hear. How the chimney-sweepers cry, every blackening church appalls, And the hapless soldiers sigh, runs in blood down palace walls. But most through midnight streets I hear, how the youthful harlot's curse Blasts the newborn infant's tear, and blights with plagues the marriage-hurse. End of poem. This recording is in the public domain. A Musical Instrument by Elizabeth Barrett-Browning Read for LibriVox.org by Alan Davis Drake. What was he doing, the great god Pan, down in the reeds by the river, Spreading ruin and scattering ban, splashing and paddling with hooves of a goat, And breaking the golden lilies afloat, with the dragonfly on the river? He tore out a reed, the great god Pan, from the deep cool bed of the river. The limpid water turbidly ran, and the broken lilies a dying lay, And the dragonfly had fled away, ere he brought it out of the river. High on the shore set the great god Pan, while turbidly flowed the river, And hacked and hewed as a great god can, with his hard bleak steel at the patient reed, till there was not a sign of the leaf indeed to prove it fresh from the river. He cut it short, did the great god Pan, how tall it stood in the river. Then drew the pith like the heart of a man, steadily from the outside ring, And notched the poor dry empty thing in holes, as he sat by the river. This is the way, laughed the great god Pan, laughed while he sat by the river. The only way, since gods began to make sweet music, they could succeed. Then dropping his mouth to a hole in the reed, he blew in power by the river. Sweet, sweet, sweet, oh Pan, piercing sweet by the river, Being sweet, oh great god Pan, the sun on the hill forgot to die, And the lilies revived, and the dragonfly came back to dream on the river.  Making a poet out of a man, the true god sighed for the cost and pain, For the reed which grows never more again, as a reed with the reeds in the river. End of poem, this recording is in the public domain. Near Avalon by William Morris, read for LibriVox.org by Alan Davis Drake. A ship with shields before the sun, six maidens round the mast. A red gold crown on every one, a green gown on the last. The fluttering green banners there are wrought with ladies' heads most fair, And a portraiture of Guinevere the middle of each sail doth bear. A ship with sails before the wind, and round the helm six nights. Their homes are on, whereby half blind they pass by many sights. The tattered scarlet banners there right soon will leave the spearheads bare. Those six knights sorrowfully bear in all their homes some yellow hair. End of poem, this recording is in the public domain. The Portent by Herman Melville, read for LibriVox.org by Alan Davis Drake. Hanging from the beam, slowly swaying, such the law, gaunt the shadows on your green Shenandoah. The cut is on the crown, low John Brown, and the stabs shall heal no more. Even in the cap is the anguish none can draw, so your future veils its face, Shenandoah. But the streaming beard is shown, weird John Brown, the meteor of the war. End of poem, this recording is in the public domain. Glad did I live, and gladly die, and I laid me down with a will. This be the verse you grave for me. Here he lies, where he longed to be. Home is the sailor, home from the sea, and the hunter, home from the hill. End of poem, this recording is in the public domain. Silence by Thomas Hood. There is a silence where hath been no sound. There is a silence where no sound may be. In the cold grave, under the deep deep sea, or in wide desert where no life is found, which hath been mute, and still must sleep profound. No voices hushed, no life tread silently. But clouds and cloudy shadows wander free, that never spoke over the idle ground. But in green ruins, in the desolate walls of antique places, where man hath been, though the done fox or wild hyena calls, and owls that flit continually between shriek to the echo, and the low winds moan. Where the true silence is, self-conscious and alone. End of poem, this recording is in the public domain. The Single Hound by Emily Dickinson. I never told the buried gold upon the hill that lies. I saw the sun, his plunder done, crouched low to guard his prize. He stood as near as you stood here, a pace had been between. But a snake bisect the break my life had forfeit been. That was a wondrous booty I hoped was honest gained. Those were the finest ingots that ever kissed the spade. Whether to keep the secret, whether to reveal, whether, while I ponder, kid may sudden sail. Could a shrewd advise me, we might Ian divide, should a shrewd betray me, a tropos decide. End of poem. Song by Sarah Teasdale. Red for LibriVox.org by Clarica. Let it be forgotten as a flower is forgotten. Forgotten as a fire that once was singing gold. Let it be forgotten for ever and ever. Time is a kind friend, he will make us old. If anyone asks, say it was forgotten long and long ago, as a flower, as a fire, as a hushed footfall in a long forgotten snow. End of poem. This recording is in the public domain. Song of Myself, Section 50 by Walt Whitman. Red for LibriVox.org by Alan Davis Drake. There is that in me. I do not know what it is, but I know it is in me. Unsaid and sweaty, calm and cool, then my body becomes. I sleep, I sleep long. I do not know it. It is without a name. It is a word unsaid. It is not in any dictionary utterance symbol, something it swings on more than the earth I swing on. To it the creation is the friend whose embracing awakes me. Perhaps I might tell more. Outlines, I plead for my brothers and sisters. Do you see, O my brothers and sisters, it is not chaos or death. It is form, union, plan. It is eternal life. It is happiness. Red for LibriVox.org by Jake Baker. To the sundial under the window of the hall of the House of Representatives of the United States. Thou silent herald of time, silent flight, say, couldest thou speak, what warning voice were thine? Shade, who canst only show how others shine? Dark sullen witness of resplendent light, in days broad glare and when the noon tide bright, of laughing fortune sheds the ray divine, thy ready favors cheer us, but decline the clouds of morning and the bloom of night. Yet are thy counsels faithful just and wise, they bid us seize the moments as they pass, snatch the retrieveless sunbeam as it flies, nor lose one sand of lice-revolving glass, aspiring still with energy sublime, by virtuous deeds to give eternity to time. End of Poem. This recording is in the Public Domain. The Wants of Man by John Quincy Adams Red for LibriVox.org by Jake Baker.  Tis not with me exactly so, but tis so in the song. My wants are many and, if told, would muster many a score, and were each wish a mint of gold I still should long for more. What first I want is daily bread and canvas-backs and wine, and all the realms of nature spread before me when I dine, for courses scarcely can provide my appetite to quell, with four choice-cooks from France besides to dress my dinner well. What next I want at princely cost is elegant attire. Black sable furs for winter's frost and silk for summer's fire, and cashmere shawls and Brussels lace my bosoms front to deck, and diamond rings my hands to grace and rubies for my neck. I want, who does not want, a wife, affectionate and fair, to solace all the woes of life and all its joys to share, of temper sweet, of yielding will, of firm yet placid mind, with all my faults to love me still, with sentiment refined. And as time's car incessant runs and fortune fills my store, I want of daughters and of sons from eight to half a score. I want, alas, can mortal dare such bliss on earth to crave, that all the girls be chaste and fair, the boys all wise and brave. I want a warm and faithful friend to cheer the adverse hour, who narrative-flatter will descend nor bend the knee to power, a friend to chide me when I'm wrong, my inmost soul to see, and that my friendship prove as strong for him as his for me. I want the seals of power in place, the ensigns of command, charged by the people's unbought grace to rule my native land, nor crown nor scepter would I ask but from my country's will, by day by night to ply the task, her cup of bliss to fill. I want the voice of honest praise to follow me behind, and to be thought in future days the friend of all humankind, that after ages as they rise, exulting may proclaim, in coral union to the skies their blessings on my name. These are the wants of mortal man, I cannot want them long, for life itself is but a span and earthly bliss a song. My last great want, absorbing all, is when beneath the sod, and summon to my final call the mercy of my God. End of poem


Hi, I'm Nathan Munnerherr, and I'll be presenting Secure MPC, Laziness Leads to God. This is joint work with Psychristina Badrugnarayanan. I use Jane and Amitsa Hai. I hope you enjoy this virtual presentation. In Secure Multi-Party Computation, there are many parties that each possess some private input, and their goal is to compute some function on their joint inputs. And so they execute some protocol, and at the end of the protocol, they should only learn the result of the function computed on their joint inputs. Now in traditional MPC, if a party aborts during the protocol, they are treated as a corrupted party. However, this is unrealistic. We view an abording party like this malicious entity that's colluding with the adversary and other abording parties. When what actually happens is there was a storm and they lost internet connection, and that's why they aborted, not that they were colluding. Honest parties may abort for a variety of reasons during a protocol execution. For example, as as we just went over, they may lose connectivity, or they may lack the computational resources to perform the desired computation, or they may simply lose interest. However, in none of these instances, is it reasonable to assume that the abording party is colluding with some adversarial entity? Thus, we wish to consider multi-party computation in a setting where abording parties are not necessarily considered corrupted, and their inputs are not discarded simply because they aborted. So how are we going to model this version that we're calling lazy MPC? Well in traditional MPC, there are honest parties and corrupted parties. And in lazy MPC, there are honest non-abording parties, and then there are honest abording parties or lazy parties that behave completely honestly, but at some point in the protocol, they stop responding. And then once again, they're corrupted parties. And for this work, we're going to focus in the standard broadcast model, and the honest behavior of a party is now to either send the honest message or abort, and we also are going to require that a party that aborts never returns. So in lazy MPC, there are going to be two phases of the protocol, an input commitment phase and a computation phase. Now, the input commitment phase is going to be independent of the function. And parties that complete this phase without abording are said to have committed to their inputs. The computation phase follows and parties evaluate the function on the committed inputs, that is, on the inputs of all the parties that successfully completed the input commitment phase. We refer to this as input fidelity. If enough parties remain at the end of the protocol, all parties, including those that aborted, should recover the output. This can be referred to as guaranteed output delivery or God. To formalize the desired security notion of our protocols, we will work in the threshold mixed adversary model. This was formally introduced by Fizzi et al. in a series of papers, and the adversary is parameterized by a tuple of thresholds, T-mal, T-semi-honest, and T-fail corrupt. These represent the number of parties that the adversary has allowed to maliciously corrupt, semi-honestly corrupt, and fail corrupt respectively. The fail corrupt parties correspond exactly to our honest, but abording parties in that the adversary can instruct them to abort at any time in the protocol, but does not learn their private input or any internal state information. Hurt et al. showed the guaranteed output delivery is only possible if the above inequality holds, that two times the number of malicious parties plus the number of semi-honest parties corrupted plus the number of fail corrupt parties is less than a total number of parties. So in this talk, we are only going to focus on the above setting where guaranteed output delivery is possible. So what did we show in this work? We gave a three-round MPC protocol with guaranteed output delivery in the plain model that is secure against threshold mixed adversaries that satisfy the previous inequality, assuming learning with errors. And in order to do this, we introduced and constructed a new primitive that we called threshold multi-key FHE in the plain model from LWE, and we also constructed a multi-string NISIC in the plain model from LWE. Now what are some of the properties of our MPC protocol? First of all, the communication complexity is only proportional to the depth of the circuit evaluated and not the circuit size. Moreover, the computation phase of our protocol is reusable. The input commitment phase consists of the first two rounds, and the third round can be reused with multiple functions to learn the function evaluations on the same party's committed inputs. Furthermore, as we discussed previously, our protocol satisfies input fidelity. Moreover, it is round optimal. A lower bound due to Gordon at all showed that two rounds is impossible with guaranteed output delivery, so three rounds is optimal. And moreover, if we instantiate the threshold mixed adversary with one that is purely malicious adversary, our protocol immediately implies a round optimal maliciously secure protocol with guaranteed output delivery in the plain model. And previously, Gordon at all had shown this in the CRS model, and in a recent independent work, Anant that all showed it from public key encryption and zaps in the plain model, just like our result, using completely different techniques from us. So how did we go about constructing this MPC protocol? Well, our starting point was to consider multi key fully homomorphic encryption, which can be used as a recipe for building MPC protocols. So in a multi key FHE scheme, there are some public parameters. And then a user can generate a public key secret key pair with respect to these parameters. Then each user can use their public key to encrypt a message and obtain some cipher text. Then given these cipher texts, it is possible to compute homomorphically on them. This is done by expanding them into some expanded cipher text with respect to all the public keys, and then evaluating some function homomorphically to get this evaluated cipher text. Then each of these parties can take the evaluated cipher text and use their secret key to obtain some partial decryption. And then given these partial decryptions, anyone can perform some final decryption procedure and recover the function computed on the inputs. Moreover, we can consider multi key FHE with this distributed setup. In this situation, each party will first output some parameters, and then the public parameters of this scheme will simply be the concatenation of these parameters. Now multi key FHE was used in BHP 17 to build a three round semi malicious secure protocol. So how was this done? In the first round, each party generated the public parameters and sent them out. And in the second round, each party used the public parameters to generate a public key secret key pair, encrypted their input and broadcast the cipher text. In the final round, everyone expanded their cipher texts and evaluated homomorphically to obtain an evaluated cipher text, and then computed their partial decryption and outputted it. And now using the final round, everyone has all the partial decryptions and can recover the output. Now why isn't this lazy? Suppose an honest party had a board in the last round, so then outputting a partial decryption. Then nobody can recover the output. Crucially, we need a partial decryption from every party in order to decrypt. Thus, multi key FHE does not suffice in order to construct a lazy multi-party computation protocol. To deal with this, we introduce a new primitive that we call threshold multi key FHE. So in order to build lazy NPC, we want each party to encrypt under their own public key. However, we also only want some of the parties to be needed to decrypt. So how are we going to define such a primitive? Well, as a first attempt, we could basically do the same thing as multi key FHE. We could have some public parameters. Everyone generates a public key, secret key, pair, encrypt their input, can be combined and homomorphically evaluated to get some evaluated cipher text, and then say we only need two parties partial decryptions to recover the output. That is party one outputs P1 partial decryption and party two outputs P2 as partial decryption. And then anyone given these partial decryptions can recover the output. However, this provides no security. In particular, given CT1, the ciphertext of the first party, anyone could simply generate two public key pairs, encrypt whatever they wanted, compute the function that just outputs x1, and then use their two secret keys to determine two partial decryptions, which would allow them to recover x1, completely breaking the security of the scheme. So observe that the ability to combine ciphertext encrypted under different keys had compromised security. So what if we encrypt under a set of keys rather than a single key? So in threshold multi key FHE, we define it as follows. There are some public parameters that every user generates a public key, secret key pair. Now it turns out, crucially for our scheme, that in threshold multi key FHE, the public key, secret key pair of each party can be generated independently of the public parameters. Then each party will take the public key set, all the public keys, and encrypt their input with respect to this public key set. Then as before this ciphertext, the ciphertext can be computed upon homomorphically, and then given a couple partial decryptions, say two, anyone can perform some final decryption procedure and recover the output. Furthermore, since we want to work in the plain model, we consider threshold multi key FHE with distributed setup, that is each party can output a parameter string, and then the public parameters are the concatenation of the strings. Now, once again, I'm going to emphasize this. In our definition of threshold multi key FHE, the parameter string and the public key, secret key pair of each party are independent, whereas in multi key FHE, the public key, secret key pair is generated with respect to the public parameter string. So how do we go about constructing threshold multi key FHE? Well, the tools we're going to use are multi key FHE with distributed setup from BHP 17, threshold FHE from BGG plus 18, and public key encryption. All of these can be built from the learning with errors assumption. So in threshold FHE, there's a public key and a secret key and the secret key is shared among parties. Then each party can encrypt their input with respect to the public key to obtain some ciphertext. These can be computed upon homomorphically to obtain some evaluate ciphertext. And then each party can use their secret key share to give out some part for decryption, which can be combined to cover the function evaluation in the clear. Now, crucially, to decrypt, we only need partial decryptions from some of the parties. In particular, if there are n parties, and we had secret share the secret key using a T out of n secret sharing scheme, then we would only need partial decryptions from T of the parties in order to decrypt. However, in a threshold FHE scheme, everyone must encrypt under the same public key. So using these primitives, we are now ready to describe reconstruction of threshold multi key FHE. The distributed setup procedure, this is what outputs public parameters is to simply run the multi key FHE distributed setup procedure. The key generation procedure is to simply use a standard public key encryption scheme and generate a public key secret key pair. Note that the key generation procedure does not take the public parameters from the distributed setup as input. Now to encrypt, what one will do is they'll use the key generation procedure of the underlying multi key FHE scheme to generate a public key secret key pair of the multi key FHE scheme called FPK FSK. And then they will secret share FSK with respect to the access structure. So say it was a T out of n access structure, threshold access structure, then you'll secret share FSK with respect to this T out of n secret sharing scheme. And then one will encrypt the ith share FSKI under the ith public key PKI. Once this is done, the encryptor will then encrypt their message X under the multi key FHE scheme. The ciphertext of the threshold multi key FHE scheme will consist of the multi key FHE ciphertext of X under FPK along with n public key encryptions of the secret key shares of FSK under the appropriate public keys. Now for the evaluation procedure, one simply runs the multi key FHE evaluation procedure on the multi key FHE components of the ciphertext and leaves the others untouched. To perform a partial decryption, a user possessing the ith secret key is able to decrypt the public key encryptions that encrypted the ith shares of each of the underlying multi key FHE secret keys. These can then be concatenated in use of the secret key for multi key FHE partial decryption. And then for the final decryption, one combines the partial decryptions according to the reconstruction procedure of the access structure under which the secret keys were shared. Now, why does this work? Well, for one, the secret key of the expanded ciphertext in the multi key FHE scheme is simply the concatenation of the secret keys in the multi key FHE scheme. Secondly, each party that needs to perform partial decryption is able to possess secret key shares for every single multi key FHE secret key that goes into the expanded ciphertext. Furthermore, the secret sharing scheme is linear, in particular if it's a t out of n access structure, it's linear. And finally, the multi key FHE decryption procedure is linear. So to illustrate this graphically, let's consider the following example with four parties. So here the access structure is P1 and P2 or P3 and P4. So in the multi key FHE scheme, there will be some underlying secret. And when we encrypt, we will secret share it according to the following procedure where the first two shares sum of the secret as to the third and fourth shares. Now, in our special multi key FHE ciphertext, there will be a multi key FHE component that is expanded upon and evaluated homomorphably. The expanded ciphertext is an encryption with respect to the following four public keys, one for each party that are concatenated together. And the decryption procedure is a linear computation that takes the concatenation of the four secret keys and computes a linear operation with them in the ciphertext. Now, the way our special multi key FHE scheme worked is due to the party one possessing the first secret key of the public key encryption scheme, they're able to recover the first share of all four of these multi key FHE secrets. And the second party is able to recover the second share of all these multi key FHE secrets. Now, since the first and second shares sums of the original, if each party performs a linear operation, then these resulting computations can also be summed to recover the message. Thus, only parties one and two are needed for decryption. Now, our threshold multi key FHE scheme will immediately give us a three round lazy MBC. Now, how does this work? Well, in the first round, each party generates a public parameter string and a public secret key pair and broadcast the parameter string and the public key. Recall that the public key CP key generation did not depend on the public parameters of the scheme. So this can be done. In the second round, each party will concatenate all the public parameter strings to obtain the public parameters. And then it will encrypt its input using all the public keys and the public parameter string. In the third round, each party will evaluate the function on the ciphertext to get this expanded evaluated ciphertext, compute the partial decryption using its secret key, and broadcast this partial decryption. We refer to rounds one and two as the input commitment phase. And the final round is the computation phase. Observe that do the properties of threshold multi key FHE. If everyone was encrypting using a t out of n threshold access structure, then one only needs t partial decryptions at the end in order to recover the output. And particularly we can prove that this is secure against threshold mixed adversaries. If the threshold mixed adversaries only allowed to make semi malicious corruptions instead of fully malicious corruptions, that is, it has a tuple of semi malicious corruptions, semi honest corruptions, and fail stop corruptions. Furthermore, the protocol satisfies reusability since the third round can be repeated with many different functions by the properties of fully homomorphic encryption, which allow for computing different functions on the same ciphertext. Additionally, if the number of parties that remain at the end of the computation satisfy the access structure, then anyone can use the transcript of the protocol to recover the output. And this will be the case if the inequality required by a threshold mixed adversary, that is the inequality for which guaranteed output delivery is possible is satisfied. In order to obtain security against malicious adversaries, let's make some observations about the previous protocol. It turns out that the lazy NPC protocol is actually secure against a malicious adversary in the first round. That is an adversary that is allowed to behave maliciously in the round one, but then can only behave semi maliciously in the second and third rounds. Now, why is this? If we go back to the protocol in the first round, each party broadcasts a public parameter string and a public key. It turns out the public parameter string of the underlying multi-key FIG scheme is simply a random string. And if we use a public key encryption scheme where any string is a valid public key, and it turns out that malicious and semi malicious adversaries are actually identical in the first round, because anything a malicious adversary can do, a semi malicious adversary can do as well. Thus, our protocol is secure against this malicious round one adversary. Since it's secure against a malicious round one adversary, we could attempt to use a NISIC and use the first round to transmit some CRS in order to get maliciously secure protocol in the plain model. It turns out there exists primitive called multi-string NISICs that work with the majority honestly generated strings. What this means is that if you have a bunch of parties and they each output some string to be a CRS, and we can catenate all the CRSs, we obtain a valid NISIC provided that a majority of these CRSs that were generated were generated uniformly and random. However, it turns out that a majority of the strings will be honestly generated whenever this inequality holds, which is when guaranteed output delivery is possible, and is exactly the case that we're considering. Thus, a multi-string NISIC would suffice to obtain an MPC protocol that was secure against a malicious threshold mixed adversary as desired. So the final step, if we want to only assume learning with errors, is to construct a multi-string NISIC from LWE and due to time constraints, I'll refer you to the paper for details on how we did this. So in summary, we built a three-round MPC protocol with guaranteed output delivery in the plain model from LWE that's secure against a threshold mixed adversary when the following inequality holds, which is the condition when guaranteed output delivery is possible. And in order to do this, we introduced and constructed a new primitive called threshold multi-key FHE in the plain model from learning with errors and built a multi-string NISIC from LWE. Thank you.


I am officially back from Jeju. I had an amazing time. I swam a lot in the ocean. I ate lots of good food, I got good rest, and I also got a gnarly tan line. Look at that. I did not vlog, but I did take a lot of pictures and I have been posting them on Instagram so you can check it out on my Instagram and also I uploaded a short reel from my trip. I feel ready to work hard again. Today, I'm just going to take it easy. I'm just going to unpack because I got back late last night and kind of just asked out. Unpacking. Gosh, I'm really not looking forward to that. I got a weird tan line here too. I must have missed the spot when applying sunscreen so over here is just like darker than the rest of my face. All right, time to get up and do some work. Okay guys, so I'm trying this again. I'm going to go to the gym near my house and ask what the prices are because I forgot it's been way too long. I'm going to get a consultation and see if I can sign up for this gym or not. Let's go. Hopefully I can. They're the music. I think I'm going to start working out today. Ate a quick lunch. It's been more than a year since the last time I actually went to the gym. I could do home workouts and I can also work out outside on the rooftop but monsoon season is starting soon and also I just feel like I work out better when I'm physically at the gym. I don't know, that might sound like an excuse but I just find myself working out harder because I'm in that environment, right? When I'm at home I just get too easily distracted and I don't have enough willpower to continue with my workout when I'm tired but when I'm at the gym, you know, everyone's working out super hard, everyone's like sweating, that really influences me a lot. I have succeeded in signing up for the gym. The price was cheaper than what I remember when I first went a year ago. I first visited that gym because it was like the only gym near my neighborhood and when I first went there after hearing the price I was like, oh okay, I guess not but they're having like a summer promotion and yes it's still a bit more expensive than the other gyms that I used to go to but I mean I think it's worth it because I just got to thinking like okay whenever I go out with friends I spend so much money on food and wine and like I go shopping buying clothes but why do I hesitate when it comes to investing money for my physical and mental well-being like if anything it should be the other way around like I should be investing more for myself and my health instead of spending money on materialistic stuff and yes like having wine and going out with my friends, eating good food is also good for my mental health but um there's nothing like exercise. On the way back from Jeju I thought to myself okay I'm gonna live a healthier lifestyle like I'm gonna try to be healthier so far it's okay because I'm still super motivated and inspired but I know that's fleeting that's not gonna last forever that's probably gonna last like a week at most I don't know. So I'm trying to make exercising like a habit and prioritize exercise and going to the gym. I've been getting like random moles all over my body but mostly my arms kind of getting concerned it's like super dark what's going on what the why do I have so many moles all of a sudden okay the next time I go to the dermatologist I'm gonna ask yeah so I just wanted to tell you guys why I decided to finally go to the gym all of a sudden I signed up for six months so I'm gonna try to take full advantage of that but I'm not gonna overdo it I'm not gonna push myself too hard because I know I'm gonna get a burnout so my goal is like exercise three times a week like hit the gym three times a week wish me luck guys I really need to start making it a habit I'm back from the gym I took a shower I worked out three days in a row I'm so proud of myself I can't go to the gym tomorrow because I have NBC radio in the morning but I went three days in a row I think it's a pretty good start this is how my hair looks naturally when I come out of the shower it looks super frizzy it looks yeah I didn't do anything to it I just dried it that's why I like to take a shower at night so when I sleep on it it gets more calm right now it's just like all over the place but anyways I bought some cauliflower two days ago when I went grocery shopping so I've been wanting to try cooking cauliflower in the air fryer so I'm gonna do that right now also it's been so long since I cooked on my vlog it's not good it's not good I got these cauliflower right here they're not in the best condition but I'm gonna try to cut off the parts that are not that fresh I know like take out the excess water put it in this bowl now I'm gonna add a spoon of olive oil and then mix it up I'm gonna put some everything but the bagel seasoning I don't know but I just want to try it oh that's all poppy seeds I hate poppy seeds no I want garlic and onion maybe I put a bit too much I'm like thinking what else should I put on it Pommes en cheese I'm just gonna make a little bit because I don't know how it's going to taste I might not enjoy the taste of cauliflower so yeah I'll put it to 180 degrees and first put it for like seven minutes while I wait I'm gonna have an apple I didn't even have time to cut it because I was so hungry I got this really cute fabric poster from Shen no appare it was actually gifted but I put it next to my little dining area so it looks like I'm looking outside the window and body isn't it so cute I love it and of course since that's not gonna be enough I'm also microwaving this chicken breast kimchi fried rice from I am top honestly this is my first time trying this but I don't think I'll be reordering because I don't know it just tastes too frozen it is frozen food and you're supposed to microwave it but you can still taste it it's not very good it's looking good okay just a little more for now I'm gonna microwave this for three minutes and 30 seconds where is ready now it looks grumpious my rice is done too let me try the cauliflower looking very crispy the taste like just reminds you of bell sprouts because I like eating bell sprouts air fry to or like oven baked makes a great snack turn on the camera while getting ready today my makeup has definitely changed especially because I got darker during my trip so now I use the shade 23 which is still a little too bright for my skin currently so I've just been using the shade 23 in the center of my face I'm using tri-rk cushion 8 plus in 23 and I'll just take a little bit and start like under my eyes and I'll take very little I found a tip for doing your makeup under your mask it's just to minimize the amount of foundation as much as possible it's better to put layers if anything than to just put a lot at once because that doesn't sit on your skin and it's all gonna transfer onto the mask but if you take very little like I'm literally just using these two fingers and taking the very outer corner of the cushion foundation and pressing it gently just to get this much and I will use that up for the entire cheek area if you feel like that's not enough coverage for you then I would say go in with the concealer instead of doing it over and over again also I hate the feeling of my skin not being able to breathe so that's why I've been just using very little foundation I'm not going all the way up to my forehead or all the way here along the jawline because this is too bright so it's gonna look like a full moon foundation is done then I'm gonna take this Hera palette rose sunset as the base for my eyelids Seoul is in social distancing level 4 right now it's our first time going into level 4 because there has been a recent spike in the COVID-19 cases which means that we can only be in groups of up to 4 before 6 p.m. and after 6 p.m. we can only be in a group of two or less that doesn't affect my work though so I have just been going to radio every day but I do get a little worried sometimes because we have many guests and many people going in and out of our broadcast building so yeah that's just what's been going on in Korea these days and then I'm gonna use this brow pencil for hints I just want to get vaccinated already but there's a shortage of vaccines here so I don't know when I'll be able to get vaccinated all my family and friends in New York are fully vaccinated seems like you know things are slowly going back to normal over there and we're still here really didn't expect this to happen but you just never know with COVID I'm gonna use this brow shaper also from hints and for my eyes because I curled my eyelashes I don't use mascara anymore so to make my eyes look more like defined I've just been using Stila's liquid eyeliner to tighten my waterline see my eyes left side and the right side the right side is like a little more defined so we've been on a break from the dive studios from filming get real for the summer and we're actually gonna resume filming and recording later this week I'm really excited it's gonna be a brand new season of get real season two there are going to be some changes and they will be announced soon so stay tuned alright and after tightening my waterline I'm going to create a little wing a little longer than I had hoped for my eyeliner for the cheeks I have these four blush palettes that I bought from naming I discovered them through Instagram and I love their aesthetic of the brand so I wanted to try out a bunch of their products for today I'm going to use bagel this is called bagel like a rosy color I like the color the kind of color I was looking for because I had a lot of bright pinks and bubbly pinks but not a lot of muted rosy tones so this is what it looks like for the lips I do have like tinted lip balm on right now but I'm gonna go in with days also from naming this is also a tinted lip balm and with that my makeup is done so guys if you guys have made it this far into the video I have a special announcement for you guys so yes style is celebrating their 15th anniversary and they sent me a surprise gift box with five products inside so this box is supposed to give us a glimpse of what yes style is and why people have been using yes style for the last 15 years and if you stick around till the end of the video there will be a small giveaway I'm gonna open the box right now hold up hold up this is the lip bookie edition by raw man so cute so the lipstick shades are supposed to look like your lips after you've actually eaten tteokbokki and this little egg is a mirror in the back they actually collaborated with pet me petarabinjok which is one of the most popular food delivery service apps here in Korea this lid is honestly a little creepy but we have this Dr. Jart's rubber mask wow I did not expect this at all when you look at it it just looks like a nail polish but it's actually poo drops officially named toilet deodorizer very useful this is the adorable paw shaped makeup brush the top looks like this oh it's so soft okay and last but not least I think this is a clothing item oh we have two pieces a basic white t-shirt that says day on the front we got the same shirt gets from the same brand but this says night on it so from the products that you saw I can tell you yes style carries items from cosmetics lifestyle clothing shoes even snacks so thank you so much to yes style for sending me this box and allowing me to celebrate your 15th anniversary together and also sponsoring this video we will pick three winners in total one winner will get free shipping on 15 orders and two winners will win $150 gift card to yes style if you guys would like to participate please leave a comment below saying happy 15th anniversary yes style and we will randomly pick three different winners so good luck to everybody more details will be included in the description box below I will also include a 15% off discount code in the description box so if you guys want to shop you can use that as well thank you so much for watching this video I'll see you guys next time bye


It is for freedom Christ has set us free and so we celebrate not gay pride but liberation, the feast of the unclean.


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