vacation with the kids are in a car behind us. So we're going to look forward to some fun and pretty sights and yeah. We stopped for lunch and a potty break at Chick-fil-A, and I have in their kids' meal a drawing and doodling and coloring book. I got one, I didn't get the meal, I just said can I have just the doodle book? And yeah, they gave me one. So all of you mixed media crazy people out there. Go to Chick-fil-A and get a cool drawing and doodling and coloring book. We're gonna get back on the road. Holds it back.  Yes, I used the F word. Yes, I may get demonetized. Talk on it. Don't take pictures with it. There she is. Don't shoot videotape with it. If you're gonna do something like what I do, it should be an a hands-free mount.  Both your hands should be on the steering wheel. I saw somebody earlier reading text messages on their phone. I wish these were a different color. I am at the Ridge Tahoe in Lake Tahoe, California, visiting the area. We're here with the kids. You've seen some footage at this point of us driving around and we were in truckie. This is me in high elevations with my asthma. Yeah, I've done some shopping at a really cool store that I love up here that is a chain that has a few stores in a website you can shop from called Earthbound Trading Company. I'm gonna link them in the description below. I'll insert some stills here. The really cool stuff I bought while I've been here. All right, I'll be back. Got what I needed. See even he's losing track now because he's on vacation. I'm gonna link Tahoe. We're gonna be here for the whole week. You may not see a lot of us talking, but you're gonna see a lot of pretty footage hopefully. We are headed out for a drive this morning into probably Virginia City. Gonna do some driving around the lake and maybe some shopping. And anyway, we'll bring you with us and see what happens. We'll be back because I've been doing some work this morning. That's the only reason I know. Anyway, the Ridge Tahoe. We're up at the top of the Plaza building up here. Not only do they have a really great hot tub and spa, but we're up here for that.  This is the view from the other side of the Plaza building. We have two rooftop spa areas with hot tubs and these beautiful views of not only the Tahoe basin and back there. That's Lake Tahoe back there in the distance. You can see the lake. But yeah, but you can come around this way like on the other side. Sorry, the floor is a little funky. And you can see the Carson Valley over here. And by the floor is a little funky. I don't mean rotten or anything. They've got these rubber mats down here and there's a wrinkle in it over there. I almost tripped over. Anyway, we're just spending a relaxing day here at the resort and thought we would come up to the top of the building and get some fresh air because it's so pretty out. It's not even windy. I know. We can walk over to the pool after this. Yeah, usually we do this and it's like windy as hell to get out. One time we're up here it was snowing. Right? And yeah, this walkway here, see the walkway? It goes across the busy road here over to the pool, which is behind the trees over there. Really cool. This is the outdoor barbecue area. You can grill up some food and take it back upstairs. This whole trip we've been looking for wildlife. Husband wants to see a bear. He didn't want to see one in Alaska too when we were there. He has yet to see one. We did see wildlife. We saw some wild horses yesterday. We saw some deer, ground squirrels, birds. I haven't managed to get a picture of any of them. Just cannot whip the camera out fast enough. Anyway, we're going to walk over to the pool, see what's up over there. Pool's closed. No swimming today. Pool's closed. Probably, I'm guessing, until like May. Probably. It's probably closed at the end of the ski season, beginning of the, until the beginning of the summer season. Probably. I bet. I bet. Probably until May or June. Yeah. There's a little salamander. We can get you wildlife. We got the video camera on. We found wildlife on camera. He's cute. Hey guys. So we're at Lake Tahoe. Elevations, what, 6,000? No, we're at 7,400 feet. 7,400 feet above sea level. We're headed up to the club. The message is up a little hill. They call Cardiac Hill. When you have asthma, the hill is no fun. So yeah. Anyway, we're going to go up the hill. Yeah, and we need to trade for new buildings so we can get used to the other ones. Right? Cardiac Hill is no fun. FYI. Guys, good morning. It is Thursday morning. It's still morning, technically. It's just before 11 o'clock. We're driving around the lake where the, that I believe you're looking at right now is Emerald Bay. It's part of the greater Lake Tahoe area. Anyway, we're driving around today and we stopped at a local Goodwill store. Something I like to do at least once while we're away from home. The husband's not always keen on it, but I like to find the local thrift shop. Ironically, within like the first 30 seconds, he's the one that found something to buy. Found a t-shirt. He found a t-shirt. Cool t-shirt. So anyway. Now we're just going to go drive around and find some place to eat lunch. We brought some sandwiches and we'll bring you along. We stopped and pulled over and found this. Isn't that a pretty view? We're going to go walk around here and see what we can see and then have some lunch. Freezing. Husband's about to find out. Oh, it's been 60 to 70 all week sunny skies. There's a bit of snow on the ground still, but it's melting off. All of the sudden out of the blue, we start hearing thunder and lightning and now there's hail. And I don't even know if you guys can even see it. But trust me, that's hail. Glad we brought warm clothes. I think it's from Nevada into California anyway. So we've been in Lake Tahoe for the week. We're headed home. Hopefully there won't be too much traffic. Nope. My parents have been watching the house. Ad has been playing handyman in my house catching me up on some deferred maintenance around the house that we haven't been able to get to. So thanks dad and mom. Anyway, we are going to film anything interesting on the way home. We will see you all next week.  I'll see you later. Bye guys.


Welcome to Go Mustang Sports, I'm Dave McHugh joined by women's volleyball coach Dave Trumbo once again and coach we talked last week Going into the last weekend. You knew it was gonna be a tough challenge You're gonna be playing three regionally ranked teams all of them ahead of you Saturday was a bit rough. We'll talk about that But Friday good way to start things off with a big victory in five sets over Carnegie Mellon Well, we've really wanted to come away with a good start and Carnegie Mellon We came out playing some of our best volleyball. We have all year in the first two sets We were firing all cylinders one those first two sets first game little close Yeah, second set we established better control in the third set. We're up 12 to 5 and all of a sudden We lost the fourth for next 14 is 16. Carnegie Mellon realized there was a tournament. Oh, yeah They woke up a little bit. I mean their faces that you use we had them Yeah, and we made a couple of mistakes and they thought oh, maybe we can come back And they did and they won the fourth set but the fifth set in our team just really got behind us You know, we really you know were determined and we jumped out to a 7-1 lead and won that fifth set So that was huge Friday night just feeling good about ourselves coming in really as the underdog to all three teams Of course a 15.5th set getting up 7-1 is huge. You're halfway there pretty much Yeah, and and the other teams got a big hill decline, right? So you win that one pretty confident going into two teams, you know very well Eastern Juniata you played Eastern once earlier this season in a pretty good battle Eastern certainly seemed to have your number this time. Oh, yes, and Eastern last time we played them I've we really had a chance to win and just I didn't do it This time Eastern had made some lineup changes because of injuries now They're used to those changes and that's the best I've seen Eastern play and we didn't play particularly well And when you play a good team, they can make you look bad and Eastern made us look bad They they they look like the number two seed in our region And of course then you follow it up with Juniata who you certainly know well They probably got a little bit on the pick with this team as well. Thanks to the NCAA tournament But this is a good battle to spike the outcome. Yeah, and I really think there is no. Oh, this is Juniata with us Having beaten them last year the first time we played them and the first game we were down We came all the way back caught him at 21 and then lost 20 26 Had we won that set might have been a different match all together because we played well in the second set Got and beat him 25 18 Then that third set we're down 10-1 we could have folded and said I will just go for the fourth game They didn't we came all the way back had a call two timeouts. I think it was 21 20 Before they were every established control So I was proud that we didn't fold in the tense fourth game. We did not play well We made a lot of errors and they beat us 3-1, but we walked out of their feeling Okay, one and two is not horrible. It could have been better, but it could have been a lot worse And maybe even this week will even move up because the teams around you around us You know, that's who we played they were both above us and the team right behind us Which was Muhlenberg lost to good old Mac foe messiah Lurking in the background And that's the thing is you knew going into the weekend. It was me tough I don't think anybody probably had the thought that you could sweep out of there And win all three though that would certainly have been a good thing one and two you you and I talking It didn't seem like it's been that demoralizing this teams rallying around it and said, okay We beat Carnegie Mellon. We had two tough games getting season of Juniana. Let's move forward and it's all about getting better Exposing the freshman who which we have a lot in the underclassmen of big-time matches against great opponents You know, we can learn so much about ourselves as long as we're going to stay positive about it Again, Meg Miller and Sammy Perlow great captains. They've been here before they've been the NCAAs three years in a row So they knew what this weekend was about because we want to be prepared So we're not the off-actor when we get to hopefully when we get to the NCAAs And that's the thing is you do have we're talking here on Tuesday You guys have a game tonight in conference action on the road You then have this weekend coming up Muhlenberg one of those opponents in region and Lynchburg It's now about making sure you get the job done It's also making sure your dot and i's and cross and t's and getting all the all the specifics down So you're kind of on a roll heading into the conference tournament. That's what we want to do We would love to win these last three Go into the conference tournament. We'll host the semi-finals It'll probably be the winner of like homing and widener and if we can get by one of those two schools then Actually, like Lebanon Valley beat messiah this week conference place So that two three seed semi-finals is going to be at Lebanon Valley not that surprised no not that surprised, but I do think that messiah can beat them Even though they won't be home. So that's that games a toss-up. So it'll be interesting Of course again, if everything bodes well, you'll once again be playing for a conference championship back here That's certainly stuff we could talk about next week the team You know you've been dealing with injuries all season as most teams do you've got senior leadership the underclassmen Those are all the storylines We've been following as you kind of come to a close here the regular season What's been the surprise maybe about this team? Maybe the fact that you've only lost five games or there have been other surprises We haven't talked about well That's definitely a surprise that we've only lost the five matches the beginning of the season I'll make a Three predictions right one is worst-case scenario Next is realistic and the third is unrealistic. We are above the unrealistic if we sweep these three games Right if we lose one of them 26 and 6 I believe yeah, that's was my unrealistic expectation Not that I don't want to lose in these next three games We're pleased with where we are what's happening It's very interesting right now is that we have so much depth at the competition for positions is still going on between Jackie Zepa and Lauren Weaver on the right side Jackie's a left-hander playing really well and Then in the middle because Kelsey stave is out with back injury. We've got Kelly McKenzie and Alexis Gibbs so those two are battling it out for that second middle spot so that we've got this going on all these people saw time in the big matches Care Anderson played a lot this weekend So there's probably 11 or 12 people that got a lot of good experience this weekend that you know Somebody's not playing well boom pull another one put put that one in and they're fine I know the focus is when the conference you're in the NCAA tournament automatically and you position yourselves the best You can at a decent seating for the tournament Per the weekend you just have is the pressure maybe a little bit more on to make sure you wrap up the conference Do you still think you've got a legitimate chance if the worst-case scenario were to happen? Well, it's gonna depend on what happens Saturday You know if we can't beat Muhlenberg and Lynchburg, then we're gonna have to win our conference shorter I think now if we do beat them And I don't know what the conference the regional rankings are gonna look like on Wednesday But if we do beat them We're pretty well positioned because the people in front of us Juniata should win Yeah, right Chris for Newport should win and Eastern's definitely gonna win when every year So and so I think we'll be able to play yeah So if we're that fourth fifth position regionally it might not be a bad position, but I sure don't want to take that No, absolutely not you want to win the conference. Well, it's certainly gonna fun season so far I know it was a big test this weekend at least the team seems positive coming out of it Obviously three big games ahead. We'll talk to the coach ahead Next week after those three games and ahead of the conference tournament, which once again has to come through Stevenson to be decided I'm pretty sure coach and the team is looking forward to sleeping in their own beds Oh, yeah for that. We'll talk to coach Dave Trumbull coming up next week as we mentioned again They'll be home on Saturday starting at 12 o'clock against Muhlenberg and Lynchburg Lynchburg in a try match you can catch those games at the Owings Mills gymnasium or on SUTV at go mustang sports calm. Thanks to coach Dave Trumbull. I'm Dave McHugh for go mustang sports


Why are there so many sweats in Fortnite? Fortnite has many sweats, and it's not epic for 8 hours. Because we kept on wanting to improve when Fortnite used to be blowing up, we did improve which made it worse because with everyone improving, Fortnite is more annoying than enjoyable. Fast forward to Fortnite Chapter 2 Season 3, without skill-based matchmaking, new players would die instantly. What makes Fortnite so sweaty is the building and editing. Players have many aspects to improve on, and that's why Fortnite is getting sweatier every day due to kids grinding like Alex. Also creative mode and tournaments are another reason Fortnite is getting sweatier. You look at streamers and what they're doing like box fights and build battles and edit courses, and people watch them and do the things that they do. Also the World Cup made a ton of people competitive because anyone can enter. Another reason Fortnite is getting sweatier is because of skill-based matchmaking. You get paired up with people your skill, and that's pretty frustrating because it's not even that fun anymore.


The Arrow work community in Lagos has backed the state government's ban on commercial motorcycles, asking security agencies to impose stricter, bothered checks as a way of coping the influx of foreigners in a communique issued by the association. At the end of its extraordinary general meeting held in Lagos yesterday, it said the move which was taken last week was not new, while condemning the activities of criminal posing as Okada riders. The Arrow work community claimed that most of them are foreigners from Niger Republic Chad, Cameroon and other neighboring nations.


Can you just tell no I just want to get the fee a third year fourth year second year second years all of second year yes sir fourth semester yes sir fourth semester probability statistics so you have a course on probability statistics right exactly and then you also have a course on biostatistics in the sixth or seventh semester no yes or no actually we have only probability and statistics biostatistics is something new we deal with biotechnological terminologies where in probability statistics we deal with some mechanical objects like that do you have a course on biostatistics in your curriculum no sir no biostatistics okay okay then this will actually give you a nice overview of everything right the statistical principles test of significance then design of experiments normally the design of experiments is not taught anywhere so that will be very new for you none of the courses teach but there are many courses will teach you ANOVA and T test and things like that actually one thing I want to ask is does the mathematics become very difficult as you go along you will see lot of equations formally do you feel it very difficult no sir it is not actually so difficult comparing to the other other semester max papers okay another one another point is the most nowadays lot of softwares are available which can do the statistic but you will not know what is happening behind that so softwares will give you a lot of data resides but now if you follow this course then you will be able to understand how it is doing that and you also understand what are the significance of some of those terms I am sure there must be some softwares in your college like Matlab SPSS sir we are studying Matlab Matlab we are doing Matlab does not have much statistics SPSS or mini tab SPSS actually it is next terminal we are having those syllabus for next terminal test okay so SPSS can do all these very fast you just put in the data it will give you lot of statistical analysis but now if you go through the course it will give you you will get an idea of what though how to calculate all those things so that is the main thing about this course and the SPSS does not talk about design of experiments I don't think SPSS has much of design of experiments so that is also very new for you people which you learn on this course so anything specific you want to ask you want to ask about the exam or you want to ask something specific anybody has generally regarding exam would you provide us a spreadsheet for calculating the problems okay exam we will provide all the tables F test F table P tables Z table all the science test tables so all the tables will be the chi-square table but the calculations you have to do it by calculate one and problems will not be very big that means I will not I will not I am not asking very big data problems it will be small data problems so it is not difficult to do like Hanover there will be a problem means it will not have too many data points no calculating the total sum of squares and all if you have too many data points it may take more time but it will have less number of data points okay so there will be problems on Hanover there will be problems on scientists and something on binomial something on the Poisson distribution and like that in a p-test for sample p-test and then the paired t-test and if you have done all the assignments I think problems are almost like assignments there is no difference there is nothing difficult you should be able to do exam much easier much much easier and compared to your quizzes you know problems will be exactly same similar type of problem okay tell me why you people wanted to attend this course because if I am sure you have so many classes to do you have some six or seven papers right 30 papers two labs so did you all find time to do this try to do five videos exam so why do you people wanted to do this it's a lot of work right particular reason I can't hear you I don't get the sound hello yes a city could you hear me sir yes now I can now I can hear you you already have some seven six or seven 30 papers and then two labs so there must be a lot of work for you how why you wanted to do this course also because this course also has a five videos and then one final exam so it's a lot of work isn't it do you find time did you find time to do this actually we don't find more time in doing this course but we would go through these videos by last three days and we would complete the assignment by time sir and actually we would get an extra credit and we are doing our many projects in our this current semester so it would be helpful in publishing paper something we could go with some statistical ideas so we we opt for this because nowadays if you are doing research in biology or biotechnology we have to do some statistical analysis without that journals will not accept any papers so that means you have to do some fee test you have to do some ANOVA and that is very very important other one is if you are doing any say fermentation and you have to plan experiments I want to change temperature I want to change pH you cannot blindly do those experiments if you follow a design you know like a factorial design or a fractional factorial then or a secd like you know and central composite research then it is easy to publish in journals also instead of blindly doing some experiments of changing temperature pH or carbon if you do a factorial then publication also become easier for you and all journals want some statistical analysis you have to do two sample details you have to do ANOVA you know that journals don't they have to give the p-value so journals don't accept without any of these data analysis that's very important so that way it becomes easy yes but till now till now we don't have some sort of clear ideas regarding design of experiments we were okay with biostatistics sir okay sir I I just have seen only six up to sixth week I have seen videos okay I will do all right those give you all the DOEs the last 10 classes all about DOE these are now experiments because talking about factorial design and fractional factorial design what about others have they all seen seven in eight week yes other people okay sir I will hand over it to my friends they would have something have they done DOE I saw hello tell me your name first yeah my name is Robin okay sir I have a small doubt in a in T test yeah before that have you all seen the seventh and eighth week the design of experiment no sir has anybody has anybody seen seventh and eighth week no sir nobody has seen no sir oh but we need to do that also when will you do in upcoming weeks you will finish before exam yeah before exam we will come okay when is the exam few people are taking 20 March 20 so because the last two weeks lot of these DOEs are there design of experiment last 10 classes I do things like fractional factory factorial design fractional factorial design like a Berman design and then box Wilkinson design box Benham design all these are designs which we do in the last 10 classes so you need to okay now what's your question sir in regarding the T test while we calculating the value of T some values be a will be negative sir but negative value means it will be mostly less than the value of a table we calculate from table whether we can take is that a minus value or we got to take models for the T value calculator you have to take the modulus value because you are a T distribution is a symmetric right whatever is there on the left hand side is same as the left hand side so you take the modular and then you can read out the T value from that so it's okay okay I think you have not mentioned in that videos so I have somewhat confusion in that so you take the modulus and then take the T P value take the T from the table and then measure the P value because if you look at normal distribution if you look at T distribution they are symmetric whatever is there on the right hand side is same as the left hand side right so we take the modulus thanks regarding that box plot box is a whisker plot regarding my name is Kishore sir Kishore regarding that box whisker plot is there any limitations for number of samples that we should consider or it's just a simple graphical representation for a number of samples it is a very nice way of looking at it visually you know anybody can see the visual and see how different the data is right so it is meant for visual observation you can't don't there is no numerical in that so you can take even 4.5 pounds is okay but it gives a nice visual observation one data set is very high one data set is very low and if there are any outliers there will be star given so you know very outliers are there and also the range you can it gives you a range also so it's just a visual observation so 4.5 data point are okay regarding variable distribution the reliability will be will be decreasing with the increasing of shape that is beta is there if the time is not given we should we can calculate the reliability using a beta and eta itself or time is essential or something else no no no it is beta and eta itself we can calculate there was one nice problem you saw right there is a nice biomaterial problem you saw that yes sir the design A and B so that's a very nice problem if you understand that problem it gives you how important variable distribution is especially with respect to reliability of the machine parts reliability of any item which are looking at even two bulbs the reliability of two light bulbs you can study using this variable type okay and one more question regarding non-parametric tests you have asked what are the other non-parametric tests and given options are ranked test actually the sign test wilcoxon signed rank test cross call valise test and students range what did he write it as i can't hear you the first the first two tests are same actually they are derivatives for dependent dependent samples and the second one cross call valise test is for k independent samples and the students range test i have doubt with students range test whether it is a non-parametric or parametric actually it's a parametric student range test is a parametric test parametric right so the what is the right answer for that question the sign test if you see the first slide you know i give comparison of parametric test and the corresponding non-parametric test that slide is very very useful look at that slide you remember the one slide yes sir yes sir i referred that yeah equivalent to anova equivalent to test and equivalent to two sample test use that table okay for that sir that only i asked yeah thank you sir i'm priya i have doubt why we consider the small sample as a value less than 30 um you saw the t table no it keeps on changing it keeps on decreasing and finally it comes to for a say 95 percent it comes to 1.96 right so slowly that number keeps decreasing decreasing have you seen the t table and seen how the 95 percent decreases as we increase the number of degrees of freedom so it keeps coming down to 1.96 and 1.96 is the final value asset for a 95 percent confidence okay that is why 30 is the best so but actually 30 experiment is too much so even if you look at the t table have a look at the t table and then around 78 experiments now initially t value is very high right and the degrees of freedom is low okay the t value is very high when df is very low as you keep increasing the degrees of freedom the t value keeps coming down correct so at 678 it keeps coming down down down down finally at 30 and around that place it's almost same 1.96 1.97 like that so ideally you should do 30 experiment but around 67 itself is coming down quite a lot so that is why everybody does seven experiments or six experiments as the standard so six degrees of freedom is good approximation okay because if you see for a 95 percent confidence listen for a 95 percent confidence you have 5 percent on both sides right 5 percent is okay so that 1.96 is what is coming okay hi sir I am Balu sir in non-parametric test for homogeneity of variance we use three methods sir of the three methods which is the most feasible methods box with that box plot box box plot if you can plot you can quickly see how it looks like okay that gives you an idea how far the variances are between that's a pictorial representation if you want a mathematical way the second method is good we will assume it as a normal distribution and then we can carry out a chi square test understand no so we will assume that they so what it is suppose I give 10 data point I will calculate sigma and mu for that assuming it as a normal distribution and then I can compare with the data using a expected minus observed square divided by chi square test then I can check for the chi square so that is most of the software use that method you understand what I'm really chase our city chase our city please respond no no yes sir speaking to the other student please hand over the mic to him no no not that one not the other student just a while ago he asked the question please respond please respond to back yes sir you understand so what you have to do so if suppose I give 10 data points I will assume it is normal and calculate the standard deviation and the mean and then I will find out that is the expected whereas observed is the data that is given so I do here chi square test and I see whether chi square is statistically significant or not so that is the normal method used in many so but box the disker plot is easy to see we can it looks immediately we can tell how good the data looks like how bad the data looks okay sir understand sir actually we are doing projects with the plants the phytochemical analysis of plants we are doing many projects sir we have chosen three different three plans and three more three different extraction methods for phytochemical analysis and I have to I have to represent some statistical statistical analysis regarding the efficiency efficiency in extraction extraction which which solvent is giving more yield and and regarding some particular compounds for example say tannins if I am selecting tannin as my particular compound which I should get from that plant I will get three different every plant will be giving tannin in the phytochemical test sir and every plant will be giving different type different sort of extractions for different sort of solvents how should I represent this in a simple statistical manner it is going some complex complex things how should I do it in a simple manner to explain to the viewers other readers so you have three three plans and three different extraction procedures right so if you for each plant if you take it will become three into three nine experiments but you have to repeat also because without repeating error will not be there so you have to repeat each time each experiment once more that means I take again the plant again I have extract right now so you repeat yeah what is your plan you're going to do it right repeat it actually jatropha jatropha carcass brahmi centella asiatica and tectonograndes teak they're using these three plants and three different solvent sorry sir three different solvents you are using right we are using water acetone and yes sir it is how do you use breaking uh can the technical please we are using water acetone and benzene as three solvents and and one more complexity is arising when I am doing with antimicrobial tests for four more bacterias using these three samples okay okay so some sort of complexity is going on and I can't make it in a simple manner to make it understand to my friends or a guide so I need some mathematical assistance for doing it in a very neat manner or simple have you have you gone through the design of experiments the seventh week and the eighth week sir still now I haven't seen those you see that now there in fact these type of problems can be addressed in that design of experiment what you do is you read all the seventh and eighth week and then you send me an email then you will be better because I want to do three different plants three different extraction procedures and four different bacteria I'm looking at right so how do I plan my experiments so in fact design of experiments exactly talks like that you go through the both the seventh and eighth module then you send an email then when I okay start become busy because basically you're doing three into three nine experiments right that means you take each plant you will extract with each solvent you take the second plant extract with each so you will get some results but you have to repeat also because we need some error so each time we have to do it once more once more so that mean maybe three times repeats so you'll do about 27 experiments so from there we can we can do anything we can use a two way ANOVA simple right we have three plants three solvent two way ANOVA three plants three solvent yes sir so we could go with ANOVA you have to repeat two times or three times okay so we can do two way ANOVA then look at the error bar and and then we can think whether there is an interaction so we can have a main effect for plant main effect for solvent whether there is an interaction also we can see if you wanted to study interaction we need to repeat the experiment I talk talk right at least two times okay so we can do it two way ANOVA simple okay understood no okay yes sir so you do it later on and then you can send me the results I can say whether it looks good or is there any problem I can comment on that also no problem okay because yes you do the experiments you do the ANOVA collect the data do the ANOVA you send me the excel you give me your conclusion I can comment on it later let me take okay thank you sir when you take about three months maybe sir actually I have completed the project sir okay okay did you do a replication hello did you replicate the experiment or only once you did sir we did it for four four times sir we got error in two two tests for two bacterias we have error so we did it I am not talking about bacteria we do first part first part is three plants three solvents yes sir three plants three solvents we we did it for sir four times we did four times we extracted can you do it okay sir I will do that two ANOVA test and I would check with the results with you sir yeah sure you can do it two ANOVA for that very simple right you the results yeah I will come in I will give you a comment okay yeah I can hear sir could you hear me sir I can hear you how the t and f tables the values are assigned sir the tabulated values are signed in the t table and f table okay so what they do is the value that is given inside is the probability value right so for example if you take a normal distribution you know the equation of the normal distribution e minus x minus mu square divided by sigma square right so for given mu and sigma for different x values we can plot that graph that is how softwares do they plot the graph and then for each of the x value it will calculate the area under the curve which is the probability the softwares can do that you understood no so the normal distribution and the t t test is is there any relations sir ah no there is um normal distribution is when your data points are very very large your t distribution becomes a normal distribution so normal distribution is like a bell shaped curve right whereas t distribution is also symmetric but it falls down very fast no comes down very fast because you have less number of data you have less number of data and so it is symmetric but it falls down very fast so if you have more data more data it will become like a normal distribution so it is if whether it is applicable for more than two samples or two tests t distribution sir the t and the f test whether it is applicable for more than two um samples the mean samples it is applicable but um if you have you seen the table the day the p value the probability the value will be very very very high okay so suppose the degrees of freedom is less the very error is very large the degrees of freedom is more error will come down so it depends if you have two data points degrees of freedom will be only one right so the error will be very very high your t value should be more than 30 or 40 then only it will consider as different that is if you have only two degrees of freedom but if you have many degrees of freedom like 20 or 25 then even t of 2.9 means that there is a significant difference understand so and the t value if the degrees of freedom is less your variation becomes very large basically its uncertainty is more if you have less degrees of freedom understand no yes sir you should have more degrees of freedom to reduce the uncertainty thank you sir one final question sir sir one final question from my side there is a relation is there any relation between weibull function and gamma gamma distribution weibull distribution and gamma distribution um actually when i when i saw that gamma function in that weibull distribution i was a little bit thinking whether is there any relationship is going on between them there is no there is no relationship there is no relationship okay gamma function that is separate gamma distribution is separate gamma function is different don't mix up okay okay okay okay really in the reliability test function you have said qt and qt equal to ft equal to 1 minus e power t by eta power beta is that right the reliability test function is just e power minus t by eta power beta for calculating the unknown values we use unknown beta and eta we use these formulas but actually i don't i i think there is no problems related with the calculation of beta and eta no there is no i will take long time for you if i give problems it may take much much longer but is why i didn't have any problem yes correct but in real life you can do suppose i am given 20 light bulbs i find out the light i see how long each bulb will last one will last for 100 hours one may last 200 hours 300 hours and then i can find out the this constant from the data so i ideally we can do it if you are doing it in the lab okay that is the finding out reliability of light bulbs finding out reliability of your screens of your material anything no i have a rod i'm bending it and how long it will last how many cycles i can bend it for so that sort of thing we can do so if you are doing any experiments like that in your lab it's very very useful that sort of thank you sir and in the small silly doubt sir at the in the t table we have values the freedom no sir degrees of freedom was given until 1000 actually t test is for values less than 30 if we can use for values greater than 30 we can use or for the number of samples if it's okay i can hear it actually it is not it stops at 30 you it can go beyond also but the as i said no the if you look at 95 percent column it will keep on decreasing it becomes smaller smaller small comes to 1.96 then it will become very the difference won't be much 31 will be 1.960 1.95991 like that you know it's like exponentially it comes out and flattening so there will still be some different but it will be in the second decimal third decimal fourth decimal like that so if you are doing calculation then we can stop there actually so it is not that you you will stop at 30 because 31 also will have a value 32 also will be there 33 also will be there but the change but the change is minimum ignore that actually okay that is what we do actually so 30 sometimes as a as a scientist you may stop at 6 or 7 because you see i want you to you people to go and see the t table and as you keep looking at the degrees of freedom it goes down down down at around 78 itself it will become 2.5 2.45 2.44 like that it gives it reduces little little little little so that is why everybody stops around 767 degrees of freedom they don't go up to 30 doing 30 experiments is tough right it's a lot of work so 67 like uh one of the person said he did the extraction he did only four times if he has to do 30 times it's a lot of work he will be doing for course five months actually so 67 degrees of freedom is good enough generally thank you sir and actually we it is a small doubt sir we would calculate the f test t test and all distribution the table actually the table test we would use normal distribution as a base sir for a t distribution is different from normal t distribution is approximation of normal so if you look at normal distribution and t distribution there is a difference in the graph okay um only the is that is that distribution when we do that is almost like a normal distribution so t distribution is approximation of normal distribution actually the critical but actually if z tends to critical value we will we would use uh for calculating level of significance we would use a normal function right sir we would use normal distribution for calculating the alpha value for is that distribution that is a normal distribution yes correct but t distribution is more like approximation of normal distribution okay so the difference is there actually between t and normal distribution okay normal is very ideal condition where mean mode median are same but in t distribution mean mode median will not be same it will be like it will be like a sharp curve like that you know whereas normal distribution will be like this t distributions will be if you plot you know it will go like this like a mountain peak but when you make have more data more data then t will become like a normal distribution like that it will become like a bell shaped curve thank you sir okay thank you for your uh kind answering for our questions sir and i will hand it over my friends is there any questions i would ask there are no questions sir thank you sir good luck to all of you in your exam good luck in your good luck in your b-take also okay if you have any doubt you can write to me um if you have if you are doing any project um you can do the analysis and send me the results i can comment on it i will say yes good it looks good or you can do some changes i can suggest okay all the best


There's a new middleman who's getting y'all money, bruh. A new middleman that y'all don't see coming, but he there and he slick and it's hard because middleman on the block. Everybody gets assassinated. The pandemic overshadowed what the tax plan was supposed to be. And then I'm looked up at it and I was like, later when I saw it, I said, what you saying? Like 58%, that said 58%. And I said, what, you my partner? The IRS is my partner now? I don't know. Or you get his Yankee hat? I'm going to his. I found that. That said the Eminem show? That is what it says, bruh. I don't quite understand what that means because Eminem definitely wasn't there, but maybe that is a, I don't know. I'm about to look him up. Okay, I was a brother. I've not heard about that, but that does not sound like Eminem laughing in the background. No, that wasn't, that definitely wasn't. But as always, man, 50, the ever entertaining, but also dropping some interesting and real stuff. And a lot of artists have access about taxes and amusing marketers is slightly different on each side, right? What you're doing as a marketing agency or record label and what you're doing as an artist. So this was a perfect clip, right? Because tax season is coming up. And it's funny because the pandemic showed up. Because the pandemic showed a lot when it came to taxes. Like we saw a lot of people leave New York, a lot of people leave California, all right, going to these states. And what I thought about is, you gotta be aware who's getting into your money. Yeah. All right. And the way I wanna position this is the new middleman. There's a new middleman who's getting y'all money, bruh. A new middleman that y'all don't see coming, but he there and he slick and it's hard because middleman on the block. Everybody gets assassinated by this where it started, bruh. So we get put on the map and get put on the target list. Hey, man, all I'm saying is this is crazy. We've been like, oh, man, we're cutting out the middleman, the labels, they don't really have as much control anymore. Da, da, da, da. One, I think some of that is overblown, right? And it's not as much of the artists fighting and the labels not being able to get control as it is. There's a new way that the label can get their money, right? And things that they have to adjust to, right? They see it coming anyway. There's marketplace change, right? It's always gonna get it back. But the other part about this is the reason that y'all say y'all don't need the labels is because there's a new middleman. The new middleman is what y'all are saying is empowering y'all, but we can't find a way around it. And that's these tech platforms. Okay. How much of your money does TikTok get when you get a rose? 50%. 50%. 50%. How much do you know when you get a super chat? How much they take? Actually, I don't know. Probably about, I would guess around the same. You too, bro, gotta be about the same. They take 30%. Okay, okay. Less, all right? But if somebody gives you that money from an iPhone, it's another 30%. Damn. Right?  Bro, that makes me think of, I had a situation where I had to send my roommate a rent and I sent it to him with PayPal. And by the time the money hit his account, she was under, she was under by a girl. I was like, damn, wait a minute. I got to send you another 50. I just sent you money 10 minutes ago. What do you mean you ain't got enough? What do you mean we short? That hurt, cause you knew better too, bro. I did know better, bro. I didn't, I didn't think about it in a moment. I was like, I was here. It's already set up. Let me go and send it over to him. My cash out done exist. Oh man, yeah, come on, bro. But this has been the lima that artists are now facing, right? And nobody's thinking about it. Nobody's talking about it yet. Let me take a quick second to say, if you're an artist trying to blow your music up, or if you're a manager, a music professional in general, trying to help an artist blow their music up, I have something that's a game changer for you and it's completely free. As you may know, we've helped multiple artists go from zero to hundreds of thousands of streams. We've helped multiple artists go from hundreds of thousands to millions of streams, chart on Billboard, GoViral, all of that stuff. And we've now made the way we've branded multiple artists and helped them go viral completely free step by step in Brandman Network. All you have to do is check out brandmannetwork.com. You apply, it's completely free, but the thing is we're not gonna let everybody in forever. So the faster you apply, the better your chance of getting accepted. Brandmannetwork.com, check it out, back to the video. This is the dilemma that artists are now facing, right? And then nobody's thinking about it. Nobody's talking about it yet. But as a content creator, these other platforms that are empowering you are taking from your streams, right? They're there. Now you have more control than you might have when the label or more information than you might have with a label. But your distribution is going to be taxed more and more over time. It's the virus, we plant and then we spread, all right? We got y'all addicted to us and we up that cost every single year. We make it harder for you to reach your audience so you gotta pay more in ads, right? We make it, we give you ways to reach your audience, though that do work, but you tax you for that, right? So we look at the great opportunities to stream from your room, right? And make money, get donations. Great opportunity, right? The argument, my argument, right? I'm the company, because I always like seeing it both sides. It's like, hey, bro, you don't gotta pay for gas. You don't gotta go through the stress and headache, right? All these things, you gotta fix costs. You really don't have employees. You chose to have employees. You really can make money without employees, right? There's sides to it, right? But these costs are right now, hitting costs that aren't fully being addressed. Partially because there's some artists, well, there's still a lot of artists and creators in general that haven't experienced it yet on a level that they care where they're relying heavily on that. And then the other side of it is, I don't think just enough people are taking it seriously yet. Right now, it's not enough people who are trying to say, hey, I'm quitting and gonna become a content creator. I think there's enough, actually. But we haven't seen that wave of people going back to work yet, or coming out like, hey, I really don't got it like y'all think I do. We haven't seen enough of that yet for people to realize, nah, this is another potential dead-end in that regard. You still gonna have to figure out how to fly before you hit that dead-end wall, right? So, because you got the streaming, you have, anytime you give money to the platform, they're gonna take a money period. I don't care. Sticker, stream, subscription, badge, all of it, bro. All of it and your fans don't know and the crazy part about it makes it harder for you to tell your fans to be like, no, don't give me money this way, give it to me that way. One, cause the platform like TikTok is gonna say, whoa, whoa, whoa, man, quit telling people to do that cash-app thing, all right? YouTube isn't as bad with that. But TikTok like, nah, y'all gotta do it this way. And it's inconvenient for them. And that's the thing, inconvenient, right? And we know higher friction means less conversion, period. All right, it's like, oh, okay, I'll donate next time then, or when I'm like at home. My cash up or down, I got you later. Like that type of thing. So you gotta take the money anyway and let that transaction occur because it still deepens the relationship even though you made less money than you wanted to. And then try to lead people to these additional routes. So there's a middleman coming and we've been demonizing the labels for the past 15, 20 years. The creators, at some point, are gonna turn on this new savior and look at him as a new middleman. Yeah, bro, that's gonna take the revolt of all the OG TikTokers. It's been tens of millions, 20s of millions. Maybe some of them in the hundreds of millions. Like you said, it's gonna take one of them.  I remember when the credit fund first started and there was a lot of credit it's posting their payouts from them in like multi-million streams and that started the conversation. And then it should die down because like you said, we're looking at like, okay, well, I don't get a million views in my videos anyway.  Regular consumers are like, I'm not even a creditor. I never planned a joint credit fund. So I don't care that you made $40 for a million views or whatever.  And so yeah, man, like sometimes I understand because I would TikTokers like that look probably looking at like, yo, we give you this audience so fast. Hell yeah, we taking 50% bro, ain't no way.  And I'm not taking none of that. Come on now. YouTube, that's probably why that price is lower because like, yeah, we're giving you the access to the audience, but it's a lot harder to grow on YouTube. I would be pissed if I had the, we had to work as hard, we worked on YouTube, but I'm gonna take 50% of a super chat? Like, come on, bro. You know what I'm saying? Like, that was me that did that, right?  So sometimes I get it, sometimes I don't get it. But yeah, bro, I give it another three years. Three years. Yeah, another three years. Because like I said, not enough people at the level yet for it to trickle down. I think at least another three years. Yeah, and you still have these increasing costs. What does it cost for your merch more? Are you gonna give them a lower quality shirt for the same amount of money? Right? NFC shirt. This is how taxes work, right? It's like when taxes happen to government taxes, somebody's gonna fill it. That's the problem. People are always like, these people should get paid less money or these taxes should lower these. It's gonna be pushed somewhere, right? It's like, oh man, we taxing food, warm money, either the price of it, the bread is gonna go up or the business is just gonna eat that cost, right? How many businesses are trying to eat that cost? They're like, we're not trying to eat those costs. But you don't eat bread anyway, man. Hey bro, gotta have it, gotta have it. Like think, as an artist, are you really trying to eat these costs? So it's the game that you're constantly playing and it's a part of it, but it's gonna be interesting, especially as artists, right? You still are gonna have maybe the manager that you have to share a percentage with and those percentages have stayed fixed, right?  Because the rest of your costs are going up. Anything, it might go up too, but it's gonna at least stay fixed. So you got the same fixed cost with new added variable cost, right? Or increased variable cost. That's never a good mix, right? So, hey, artist, but there's a new middleman in town and we all gotta answer to him in some way. We answer the hours every Tuesday and Thursday. Hey. Two and a half. So it was like, hey man, like we just gotta figure out how to navigate that because then you're also gonna still have your 3% that you're paying the payment processor on Stripe or PayPal or whoever. That'd be the one, bro, the payment processor. Hey, always, you never gonna avoid that one. We're gonna charge me to charge money?  Unless you're just gonna have everybody cash up you and you know what, that's the reason we don't do that. Yeah, bro. That's such a business model, bro, yeah. We're gonna charge people to charge money.  But those are just the initial thoughts on it. I think it's something we'll cover and we should get into more. Over time, but to end this out. Thanks for watching. If you enjoyed this clip, then you should watch the full episode of No Labels necessary that it came from and it's gonna really blow your mind. Check this clip right here.


Hi, I'm Nate Adams and welcome back to the Electrify Everything course. We're into part five now, so we have finally gotten to where we're going to be talking about HVAC, which stands for Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning. This is the hardest part by far of residential electrification, particularly in cold climates, because many contractors are nervous about it, which I'll tell you a story about very shortly. So this is the first module in this, and this is the only part that has multiple modules. So we're going to be talking about reducing risk and proper sizing for HVAC. So here's where we are, we're in part five, and we're in the first part of part five. Okay, this is where conquering fear basically trumps all. So if it doesn't happen to be your fear, it is most definitely your contractors, particularly in cold climates. So about half of U.S. residential natural gas use is in eight cold climate states, well that's technically six and two are a coldish, but we have to be able to deal with heat pumps and sell heat pumps in cold climates, or there's no way we're going to pull off residential electrification because literally half the problem is there. And let me give you an example of this. One of our clients, he called a contractor that wasn't on our list, wasn't somebody we usually work with, and we had specked out a three ton variable speed heat pump for his 2,700 square foot split level, which sounds like utter insanity if you don't know me and you don't know, we're doing a house and you don't have all the background. So the budget was $14,000 for that piece of equipment, and the bid that he got back from someone that I didn't tell him to call was $23,000. He about hit the roof.  Well, no. Well, then why don't we do that? So he called a guy I usually work with and it came back at 13.5, and everything was smooth and we went from there. But what that first contractor was doing was pricing fear into that job because he was afraid of a bunch of different things. He was unfamiliar. He didn't know me. There was no trust level. The fellow that I usually work with doesn't even ask for load calcs anymore, so what size you want. Okay. And he puts it in. So one nice thing about Kevin that I normally work with is that he is a country contractor, so he lives in a rural area, as do I, and in rural areas you have three choices for heat. You have heat pump, oil, or propane. So he's already relatively familiar with heat pumps and they don't terrify him. Where you get into the city and it's all furnaces and air conditioners. That's all anybody knows, because that's all that's installed. So we need to, like I talked about earlier in the scaling electrification piece, this is a land war and we have to convert HVAC contractors one by one by one. So I'll give you a path to do that at the end or maybe you'll be lucky and there will be an HVAC 2.0 contractor near you because they're not going to fight you on heat pumps. But fear, this is critical, critical. And how do you allay fear? It's usually knowledge, knowledge and understanding. So let's take a look at this. We need to be able to reduce risk. And so I've always liked this chart even if I don't like the hurricanes, but I like the idea of how they show what the predicted path of a storm might be. So this is the cone of uncertainty. So they don't know exactly where it's going, but it's likely to be somewhere in this range. Or here's another way to look at the same concept. This is for project management. So at the beginning, you aren't quite sure how much the project is going to cost. And then as you move on, that number gets tighter and tighter and tighter until you get to the end and you get to your final price. And then the project's also completed. So during all of this, the risk is dropping. So when you get to the end of the project or you can do anything that you can to reduce the risk, that's what we want to do. So we're going to look at an HVAC cone of uncertainty shortly. But just to remind you from back in the scaling electrification piece, these are the big risks with heat pumps. Very high winter electric bills. So A, that makes people mad and B, if they're low income, that's going to really hurt them. So we need to be very careful to design around these things. Next one is discomfort. Heat pumps used poorly can provide very poor comfort and get lots of complaints. And the last one being really noisy HVAC, both the inside unit and the outside unit. Now if all of these come together or if any of them comes together, it doesn't take many bad reviews to really sink the ship of electrification because bad experiences don't scale. So a common marketing idea is that happy customers tell two other people about their experience and unhappy customers tell about a dozen. Now if it comes to online reviews, if you're like me, if you see a whole bunch of four and five star reviews and then a couple of one stars, I click on the one stars because I want to understand is somebody being whiny, is it an upset ex employee, you know, what might it be? And if it's something that's meaty and sounds legit, it's going to slow me down quite a bit and probably not going to use that person. That's what these can lead to. So this leads to poor net promoter scores. So we have to be very careful how we do this both for yourself and as you recommend this to others, particularly in harsher climates. So next up, we need to tackle typical HVAC sizes. And all of these are done in BTUs per hour. This is the American Standard Unit. BTU is oddly enough the British Thermal Unit. So as with much of our metric system as opposed to metric system, it's British that we never moved to metric. So we're the only ones still on the British system.  And then taking that number further, 12,000 BTUs is known as a ton. And this is another rather archaic number. If you put 12,000 BTUs against a ton of ice, you'll melt the entire ton in one day. And this goes back to 120 years ago when the very earliest air conditioners were competing against blocks of ice. So once again, welcome to archaic numbers. For any European friends that are watching this, a three-ton heat pump, 36,000 BTUs is about 9.5 kW. Just to relate all of that back. OK, so let's talk about the different types. So furnaces usually come in 60, 80, 100, or 120,000 BTU increments. Usually I see 60s and 80s, although I probably I see 80s and 100s more so than 60s. And generally what we find is that 80 and 100,000 BTU furnaces are two to three times larger than we need to be even on the coldest day, which is technically what it's supposed to be designed for. And it never is because nobody actually does a good load calc, which we're going to get to you shortly. Now on the other hand, so the smallest conventional furnace, and this would be the smallest modulating unit that can vary down to a very low level. So it will vary down to 20 or 30,000 BTUs, which is still not much smaller than heat pump over here. 60,000 is the smallest modulating piece of equipment you're going to find with any ease. There's a few exceptions, but not a lot. Meanwhile, the largest typical heat pump is five tons or 60,000 BTUs. So basically the two types of equipment touch at 60,000. Most heat pumps and air conditioners you're going to see out there are going to be two or three ton with some force out there. But I see a lot of two and threes. So that helps give you an idea. And what we find is about 40% of homes in the Cleveland area, if they're under 2,000 square feet, if you run an accurate load calc on them or they get some minor air sealing insulation work, you can get them into the two to three ton range. And this is on a five degree day. So 24,000 to 36,000 BTUs. There's still a bunch of houses that aren't there and they're still going to be up in furnace territory because they're so leaky or so poorly insulated. But it's surprising how many houses a heat pump will actually handle even as they stand today, which was surprising to us. Now, very important concept here. Smaller HVAC is better. And this is the easiest analogy I've been able to come up with it or to explain it. So imagine you want to take a shower and you have 10 gallons of hot water. You have the option between having a large bucket, a 10 gallon bucket dumped over your head all at once, or you can take a five minute shower. Which one do you want? Well, the shower duh. Here's how this is analogous. Both of these would represent the same amount of BTUs, the same amount of heat. So we're talking the energy equivalent of 10 gallons of hot water, whatever that might be. So this is how most furnaces work. They are two to three times larger than they need to be at design temperature, which for Cleveland is five degrees. So we only spend 88 hours a year below five degrees. So it's usually a couple of nights a year. That means that when it's 40 or 50 or 60 degrees outside, that furnace is now 20 or 30 times larger than it needs to be. And that's why temperatures get really uncomfortable when it's 40 or 50 out. So if you've ever noticed your house feeling cold in those shoulder seasons, it's largely because your equipment is oversized. What you want is that nice gradual stream of water. So it's more or less the same amount of energy that's happening, although if you use a heat pump they are kind of magical. They pull a lot of the energy they need from outside. So they use two thirds less energy piped in than a furnace does. But what they can do, if you pick the smallest one possible and then you pick a variable speed, they have a throttle on them. So you can vary it down to a very little amount of heating or cooling, which is going to match how much heating or cooling the house needs to what the equipment is putting out. That's really, really critical.  That is called mean radiant temperature, MRT. Radiant heat is like the sun or a fire. It's a one way, it feels wonderful. About 60% of human comfort is based on radiance. And you can get good mean radiant temperature. So like if you like being in a house that has hydronic heat, hot water heat, that's good mean radiant energy is what you're feeling. You can get that with right sized variable speed pieces of equipment. The routine feedback we get from people post project is I can't believe this is the same house. It is so much more comfortable. One client even gave me the wonderful line.  That is what right sized variable speed equipment can do in a house. But you need to also size it as small as you can because if you don't, it's still not small enough to do the job and create that magic. And here's where that becomes a problem. So three ton heat pump is 36,000 BTUs. If I don't have any information about a house the load calculation can easily be plus or minus 30,000 BTUs which is basically an entire piece of equipment.  If it's off that much, it's not a calculation. It's a guess. So if you're gonna take that from a guess to at least an educated guess and preferably a highly educated guess that's still within a calculation is remember we're still modeling. So things are never perfect and never dead on but we can get more accurate models. So if we have energy use for a year or several years prior to look at we can reduce that range down to plus or minus 10,000 BTUs or about plus or minus a ton. But still if three ton is appropriate it might be a two, it might be a four that's still a pretty wide range wider than we'd be comfortable with because you still don't know what size you need. So like this would be like going to the store asking the salesperson what size you wear and they tell you somewhere between a small and a double X and I was like thanks a lot. It's no help at all. This is getting down to where we're talking small, medium, large but where we wanna get is if we have the energy use, the blower door and some client information namely what set points you have for your thermostat we can get you down to plus or minus 3000 BTUs that basically decides on what size you need. So we'll be down to either like a small or medium. And what this also does is it reduces the risk of those bad things happening. And when we get down into this range if we can get down to plus or minus 3000 or 5000 BTUs heat pumps come in 6000 or 12000 BTU increments. So that's close enough. We don't have to be any closer than that but plus or minus 3000 isn't good. Plus or minus 10 isn't good. Plus or minus three or five good enough. Cause like on a heat load in particular if we're off by a little bit we can run a little bit of resistance heat which we'll be talking about next time. Don't fear it, resistance is not fuel. And what this ends up doing is we drastically reduce the risk of those high bills, comfort complaints and noisy indoor and outdoor units. And we also reduce the risk of those bad reviews and not scaling. So there we go again, different sizes. Okay, next piece of the puzzle is blower door. So I mentioned this. The blower door number which that measures how much your house leaks. It's a relatively simple test.  The blower door really matters to how much it takes to heat or cool your home. So these are actual load calcs from an 1800 square foot house. It was a ranch built to believe in the 80s in Rochester, New York. So this house tested at a 2100 CFM 50 that's cubic feet per minute at 50 Pascal's. Not that it matters. This is the standard unit with a blower door in the US. That's where the house tested in now. That led to a three ton heat load, give or take. Like it might have been 37,000 or something like that. But give or take, it was a three ton heat load. Now if we could get the air leakage down on that house, this is not changing windows. This is not changing insulation. This is leaving everything else the same. Hear me on that. This is just manipulating blower door. The 30% reduction dropped that house down to two tons. So once you get to some reasonable amount of R value, it's like R10 or R20, air leakage matters far more than insulation value. Now the problem with this is this house currently has a 70,000 BTU furnace, which would require triple the air leakage that it is now. So to do this, basically you'd need to leave three or four windows open a couple inches all year to make up that 4,000 CFM 50. So that's what it would take to actually make that furnace right sized for that house. So it's way too big.  That's no good, that doesn't help anyone. And here's the easiest way we've found to look at blower door in a house. It's looking at the leakage in CFM 50 to square feet. So if you have a 2,000 square foot house with a 2,000 blower door, that's a one to one ratio. And this has been known as the layer, the leakage to air infiltration ratio, or leakage to area infiltration ratio. I better get that right. Thank you, January Garcia for naming it. So that's a one to one ratio, 2,000 to 2,000. That's decent, that's a B minus. Fairly often we find from a one to one down with HVAC interventions alone, we can blunt or solve a whole lot of different comfort and moisture problems. Doesn't mean all of them, but at least below one to one, you start having a chance. When you get above that, like say you have a 4,000 blower door on a 2,000 square foot house, which is a two to one, that house is too leaky.  So if you have a boat that's always taking on water, you don't need a bigger bilge pump. You need to fix the leaks. So this whole area here, you need to look at fixing the house and reducing how much it leaks. But you don't know where they are and I've had houses be all over the place. I've had new houses test horribly. And actually a good friend of mine, Dustin Cole, one of the HVAC 2.0 contractors just last night, he had a 700 blower door target for a 1,700 square foot house and it was spray fault. Badly it came in at 2,800, which is a one and a half to one when it was supposed to have about a 0.3 to one ratio. So his equipment, whatever he's gonna put in is wrong now because the foam was done wrong. So this is something you don't know what's gonna happen. And I tested one old house in particular, type that's usually super leaky and it was really tight. I didn't believe it, I pulled the blower door down, I played with all my settings, I put it back up, got the same number. So you have to test to know in this. And again, smaller HVAC is better. So you want to size as small as you possibly can to still meet your load and then use variable speed equivalent. And that reduces your risk and helps you size accurately. So here's the different things you need to have an accurate load calculation. So you need to have a blower door reading, you need to have annual energy use both for your heating fuel if you have gas or oil or propane and then your electric use. You need to know the number of occupants because if you're looking at the total annual usage like water heat is gonna vary by how many people are in there. So if you're trying to disaggregate out how much the heating is for the house, you need to know that. You need to know thermostat settings, you need to know approximate insulation levels doesn't have to be perfect and approximate window specs basically is a single pane or double pane is the key stuff to know. And all of this by the way, here I am, I'm gonna be plugging HVAC 2.0 the whole time so get used to it. But it's a system we built to do all this stuff specifically for these reasons we're solving all kinds of problems simultaneous with this. So the comfort consult finds out info on what your goals are in your house, what you wanna fix, what your house needs which includes the blower door test looks at your energy use and then also we'll run a load calculation based on those numbers so it's actually accurate. And then budget will also be discussed because it's your goals, what matters is what are they worth to you to solve? Not so much what will it cost? Because those may be different things maybe you're gonna have champagne budget or a champagne taste on a beer budget or maybe it'll be the other way around. You don't know until you get there.  Are there other ways to get here? Yeah, but how many people are doing it? And it's certainly not systematized. There's a backup way to do this as well. If you are a ways out from buying HVAC I'd highly recommend getting an Ecobee thermostat and it doesn't really matter which one because all of them do runtime tracking. Doesn't matter which model you get they all do it. It's called home IQ. And they are not sponsoring this so that they would be smart if they did. But if you do this you can see what's going on. So this is pretty cold temperatures at a client house and this is years ago you can see this in 2015. This is when we were first cutting our teeth and all of this. So it was down to about zero degrees. This house had about a 60,000 BTU manual J which is the industry standard load calculation. So at five degrees and it had a 60,000 BTU furnace it should have been running high stage and it shouldn't have been turning off. And down here you can see heat stage one that correlates to this light red here or the pink. So that house never came out of low stage in this period. There was another period a month later where it did but just barely and it still shut off when it was below zero. So we figured out that the actual load on this house was about 30,000 BTUs not 60. So the load calculation was still heavy by a good margin. And this is part of what makes us much more comfortable using heat pumps than most people. But if you put one of these in and you check on a very hot and a very cold day you'll get a reconciliation point for what your house actually needs and that's as it stands, credit. So a couple of caveats on this it only works with single or two stage systems. You wanna watch on a very hot and a cold day. You wanna compare it to the load calculation like I mentioned. And if you buy variable speed equipment they all, all the variable speed stuff comes with a matched up communicating thermostat. Communicating means it talks to the outdoor unit, the indoor unit in the basement or the attic or whatever but the fan part and then to the thermostat. So those three all talk to each other. So if you want the full capabilities of that system you have to get the upgraded thermostat. It just is what it is. And they're all proprietary. You can't pull one brand off and put it on another.  But if this helps you gain confidence in the meantime we call this a real world load calc and this is a great way to double check that the load calculation is correct. So highly recommend to get an Ecobee. This is really the only easy one. You can also do an American Standard 824 but that's a fairly intense install. Ecobee is the better path for most homeowners. And again, just to repeat to get, to reduce that HVAC cone of uncertainty and lower your risk to where you're pretty sure what size equipment you need. You need blower door, annual energy use, number of occupants, thermostat settings, approximate installation levels and basic window specs. And again, that's all collected in the HVAC 2.0 comfort console which when we get to the find a contractor part you can look for one or you can help create a new contractor because it's still not the biggest network, that's for sure. Okay, so that's the end of this piece. If you happen to get here because a friend sent you this video, this is part of the electrify everything course. If you wanna get access to the rest of it it will cost you an email and your first name. Pretty basic, the course is free. You can always donate if you like. I'll give you a few opportunities. In fact, below here you'll see a link and if you want to buy me a beer, you can do that. A theoretical beer. But if you are interested to see the rest of this course please sign up and then we will move on to the next piece. So enjoy your day. I'm Nate Adams and I'll see you next time in the electrify everything course. Have a great day, bye-bye.


Basically, they are the only people left in those two communities, along with special sets of guests. That's not the very reason of protecting the property we live in behind. The other issue is, and I think it's undermined, and potentially Theodore as well, we are actually mining some pets for people who are looking after their pets that couldn't be taken out at the time of evacuation. We're very conscious that with people moving out of their homes, whether it be, for instance, an emerald, just one of actuations here within the town, but more particularly places like Beardle and Condom Island, where the entire township has been evacuated. People are uneasy about the security of their properties, and that's why, at the least, I've put expo resources in the base towns, I've remained there permanently, to give them that confidence and security that they need. We are very conscious of that issue, and it's been impressed very well by the way, by putting employing additional resources as required. Don't you have any input yet? Not that we know of what we know, but I'm just wondering, given the scale of the amount of help you've got to look at the 1330s, what's the plan? Well, it's been a miracle. Of course, lost five people in flood-related deaths, leading up to planning to reduce the care in there, and we've seen too many people take unnecessary risks, but thankfully, at the last week or so, as a result of the planning of some unidated people's stays, we haven't seen a loss of life in a serious injury. Of course, there were small injuries here and there, but we really do want to thank the communities for operating with the authorities for their own safety. That cooperation is absolutely essential, and that will minimise the fact that reduced or eliminated injuries and loss of life. What did you say that we could continue to impact a serious loss of life here? I think it's been the cooperation of the community with the needs of the authorities, and I myself and the Premier, the Treasurer's App today, and the Prime Minister about yesterday as well, have been leading around talking to communities. I think they're very appreciative of the support they've been getting, but also, as we've witnessed, they've been very cooperative with the authorities as well, and that's been a key part of making sure that this response goes and that it could possibly change. Can you provide an update on the issues between tomorrow and in town? It won't be better to learn from us or the others to do that, because of the details. Thank you very much indeed. I can advise that in the meeting today, we've received advice that the WSOS process is funding and we're going to be linking up with Dolby now. We're still also transporting water into Dolby, and I've found a negative lead to a date, and there is also access now to the town hall. So the water supply in Dolby, we are basically on par with the committee team at the moment, and they're still working on restoring the full water supply to the town hall. But there's still a bit of people going to be very responsible for reducing the water in the town to the Dolby in the rate of consumption. And has the rate of consumption increased? I would say to you that the rate of consumption initially to the credit of everybody in the Dolby township has dropped to us in all-time low, and they're being very ambitious in what they've been using. We have heard that it's creeping up a little bit and that's understandable given, obviously, the return of the heat in the sun. We're all urging people to be very careful in what they use and that there's a lot of people in Dolby working very hard in returning up water supply to the full capacity. And how is the water going in other areas, other than Rockhampton, which is going to be in the middle of the town hall? Well, the advice from them on the Rockhampton is that the utilities in those sorts of places at the moment are fine and power outages have been independent to you. There are a number of those after the empties to protect the water from electricity and water. So at the moment, those two townships or that city and that town are not doing well in those towns. Because only a few people go by when the saturation tension is canceling and there are others playing up to 2,000 people to see now. Are they leaving up time to leave their homes? I know that the Rockhampton City Council has been very proactive in seeing a lot of disaster management during the week and this morning. And that has been a number of other block stocks and also door knocks in that area. I would encourage residents in town that are likely to be affected when they look at the websites if they have access to the computer because there's a lot of great good information especially on the Rockhampton website. And they are keeping it up to date and there are regular lookouts for women's community advising of what is actually the situation arising. What we say is that water will rise and it will be rising in the Rockhampton area. We do advise people that even though there are long areas and you can proceed the price that you are you need to consider about living sufficient time for an evacuation. I don't have the exact number on south of Rockhampton. I didn't see right down before into the evacuation centre. It is better to prepare for up to 2,000 people than to have it prepared. This morning, the Mayor of Rockhampton said that he is extremely worried about the four parts of rain. He said that if they get any more rain that Rockhampton is going to be quite a serious disaster and can be used in our area. I'm concerned about all the activities in the area. Of course I don't actually have any control over that. It's one of the natural events. What I would say too is that the weather forecast is predicting the showers they are not predicting any heavy rain. Of course I am concerned that the people of Rockhampton and all the communities in that area. We acknowledge the greater price and the high level of price have been receiving from the Bureau of Mental Orgy both in weather and high technology. It's one of those cases where we have to wait and watch and then be very, very careful. We have seen unprecedented levels of rain. We have seen river hikes go beyond what has been previously reported that. And I would say to you that in those regards we are entering in some cases uncharted areas. And so people will be reflecting back on 2010-2011 with new record fires in most of the communities. When will people be able to return to that area? Well at the moment there is still on-going planning in that regard. The water level in 2010 was considered earlier to the heights where they were when the evacuation had to occur. And until that water starts to be seen which could be for a few days in the next few days we won't be able to return to that area. And then we need to re-establish the disaster. Thank you. Butterberg's into recovery mode already. The water is dropping away very quickly. As late as yesterday there was already half a meter dropped in the river hikes. So we are very clear, clearly moving into that restoration and recovery phase. How many people have applied for an over 50? I haven't had those figures with me and we think it's a product to be able to do that. Are there any young friends that are affected by flooding at the moment? Or are there young friends in Germany that are in the actual area that are just young people? Well at this stage 38 of local government parties across Cleveland have had natural disaster relief and recovery which does represent the roundabout heart of the state. But in terms of the comparison of the university school and the provincial school. If I could just say one of the key messages today is that whilst a number of the communities the threat has somewhat passed the risk and the threat of the floods coming into Rockhampton in particular through the Fitzroy system of the state at Surats and George. We are really still in a very very high risk environment and we would ask people not to be complacent about this but they have to listen to their ideas they have to take notice of the media reports that will warn them of the impending rubber hikes and the risk in their particular community. Please this is not the time to cover complacent we have been very fortunate to think that two major factors have contributed to that as the minister said one is the great community reaction to these very very dangerous times the second is the great planning that has been undertaken particularly by local government and by local district command situations that have allowed communities to understand their threats and to react appropriately to them. And that is actually 41 41.3 41.4 We get through the conflict as well and we can get to that 41.3 41.3


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Okay So today we're gonna talk about making thick pours of things on canvas there's different ways to do the edges you can use this metal tape this stuff is awesome you get it from the Venting section of the hardware store by the expensive one. Don't go cheap that more expensive. It is you know, maybe 20 bucks Rebecca look how easy it rips anyways Then you can do that make as it edges poor resin will build up another way I used to do it just with packing tape This is gonna be longer than a minute you go like this and then you the full videos on YouTube and then you And the sticky end you can peel it you can peel it back Now when you use it, you know this one looks great And you can build up nice layers like Josie Lewis check her out But when you take off the tape, you're gonna have to either round the edge Run the whole thing through a table saw to make a perfect edge So that was a lot for this video if you have any questions you can do it below But that's what I suggest. We'll see you next Friday the string Well, you're gonna pull that string soon because they keep bugging me today No


Dealing with 3D models can be tricky, especially when downloading them from the web. Lots of things can go differently than expected. This tutorial will go through some of the main issues that can occur when uploading 3D models to Cospaces EDU and how to fix them. Let's use the free software blender to fix problems with downloaded 3D models. Note that this won't teach you how to make your own 3D models. You'll also need a program to edit MTL files. Download Notepad++ for free if you're on a PC, or use the text edit app if you're on a Mac. 3D models can be uploaded to Cospaces in the following supported formats FBX, OBJ, and STL. For the textures, you can use TGA, PNG, or JPEG. Always make sure that your 3D model and texture files are in the same folder. Let's download Blender for free from the official website. Go to blender.org and download Blender for your operating system. Then follow the instructions to install it onto your computer. To import your 3D model into Blender, click File, Import, and choose the format you want to import. Let's go through the main problems your model might have and what you can do to solve them. Is your object appearing too big or too small in Cospaces EDU? Perhaps you can't even see it? In Blender, open the right menu to see the scale of your object. Press S to scale it to a better size and click Object, Apply, Scale to apply the scale. When you're done making adjustments to your model, you'll need to export it again. Go to File, Export, FBX, click Export, and upload it again to Cospaces EDU. Is your 3D model turned the wrong way? In Blender, reset the rotation to all 0. If the rotation is already at all 0 but the object still turned, press A twice to select everything and turn your object to orient however you like. Then click Object, Apply, and Rotation. Did you code your object to move forward or wanted to move along a path in Cospaces but suddenly see it sidewards or backwards? That's an issue with the orientation of your imported object and can be fixed in Blender. The initial orientation of an object must always point to the plus Y direction. Is your model halfway sunk in the ground or even underneath? You'll need to change its pivot point. The easiest way to do this is to move your model as far as needed and click Object, Snap, Cursor to World Origin. Done? Now click Object, Set Origin, and Origin to 3D Cursor. Are some parts of your object transparent or is its backside visible but not the front? That can be caused by normals pointing in the wrong direction. In Blender, activate Normals Orientation and look at your model. If faces turn to red, then these faces are oriented inwards leading to unwanted effects in Cospaces. Switch to Edit Mode and select All Faces. And click Mesh, Normals, Recalculate outside to reorient the texture's faces. Or go to Mesh, Normals, Flip if you need to flip some of them by hand. Is your texture not showing and your object appearing white instead? Drag and drop the FBX model and texture files together into Cospaces. If you're using an OBJ file, drag and drop the OBJ, the MTL, and the textures together. Without the MTL, the textures won't appear. Also note that STL files don't support textures. If the texture still doesn't show, there could be a problem with your MTL file. Use an application like Notepad++ to edit the MTL file. Right-click the MTL file and choose Edit with Notepad++ or use the TextEdit app on a Mac. Scroll down to the line starting with MapKD and change it to the texture's name. If you don't have an MTL file, create one by importing and exporting your model from Blender. If the texture is still invisible, open your model in Blender. Switch to the Shading tab and select your model to see the material assigned to it. Then drag and drop the image texture and connect it like this. Is there already a texture? Let's check whether the right texture is connected. Click this icon and open your image texture. Does your model look too bright, dark, shiny, or just not as you expected? You'll want to add or adjust the principal texture shader in Blender. Set the Roughness to 1 and the Specular to 0 to avoid any shininess on your model. Set the Emission Strength to 0 to display the true colors of the texture. Is your model upload never-ending? Then it's probably a size issue. Your 3D models shouldn't go over 50 megabytes. Try to find out what's making your file so heavy. Are the textures very big? Does your model have a very high amount of polygons? That's often the case with 3D scans. You can reduce the size of your textures with an image editing software and by using JPEG instead of PNG files. You can reduce the amount of polygons by using the Decimate modifier in Blender. Select your model and click this icon to add a modifier. Choose Decimate and try to set lower values for the ratio. Note that Blender can get slow in this process as it tries restructuring your model. Test how low you can go without altering its look completely. Some 3D formats like Colada, for example, aren't supported by Cospaces. To convert a 3D model to a different format, import it into Blender, then export your object to FBX. Uploading your 3D model to Cospaces should now work fine. Have fun creating!