Hi, my name's Leon Roe currency trader and trading coach at trading 180 comm and welcome to this week's supply and demand for its Technical analysis if you're new welcome, and if you're returning welcome back And if you find the analysis I do every week on the fundamentals and Technical analysis regarding supply and demand, please like subscribe and share and just a quick reminder for those trading 180 members Whether your option a or option B? if you go down to the Main page and go to number 11 click on that take you to the weekly analysis where you get analysis on over 25 currency pairs, I think it's maybe about 28 29 pairs on the weekly analysis and this is where I go through the full Strategy every week for you guys including daily and weekly supply zones all of the odds enhancers Included as well. So I help you along not only with learning the strategy, but applying it every week and break it down for you guys So let's get back to the fundamentals before I get into the technicals and Looking at the week ahead Central banks in the US UK in Japan and China will provide an update on monetary policy next week with markets anticipating a 25% rate cut from the Fed. So if we go to the Fed watch CME market watch tool and This is pretty much the probability of a rate cut as indicated by the large financial institutions and speculators and they Pretty much predict a 80% cut Or an ease of 0.25% and 20% think that it's going to be no change so You know, usually a rate cut should indicate a weaker dollar, but with all central banks looking to ease as well the European Central Bank this week Say this week, but last week announced a fresh round of stimulus Which in in in monetary policy terms is is way worse than a you know, a simple 0.25 rate cut They haven't got any bullets really in the chamber. So The European Central Bank and European economy is in a much worse situation than you know, the US for God's or what you think of Donald Trump, so The European Central Bank has, you know announced that they're trying to weaken their currency to achieve their 2% inflation target as well as support the economy and also as well This week the Bank of Japan, you know, it says may hold fire. This is a Reuters article may hold fire despite ECB's loosening so again, they are talking about easing and Depend what depending on what happens it says stable markets and resilient domestic demand could help the Bank of Japan We stand pressure to expand an already massive stimulus program when policy Makers meet next week in the wake of the European Central Bank's policy They all want a cheap currency regardless of what you know is the narrative is out there They want to achieve their Their targets and support the economy and by doing that they have to have a week weaker currency which boosts exports so in GDP so You know weak currency is favorable to central banks and as traders we just take advantage of that or try to take advantage of that so With the European Central Bank and the Bank of Japan All weakening there trying to weaken their currencies The Fed is just basically You know joining in with the party whether it will have a major effect or not is To be you know looked at on the chart. I don't think it will may be short term Why is there may be obviously some short term weakness, but I think that the pound say the pound the dollar is the the overall the strongest Currency of them all so far and we also have just quickly the UK and the pound and the pound is really being driven by No deal Brexit sentiment if you know, I mean so the fact that if there is a no deal Brexit sentiment No deal no no deal was taken off the table Then the pound potentially may rally and that's what's been happening this week that the the chances of a no deal Brexit being taken off the table is has increased so you're seeing the pound You know increase in value so Let's get into the the charts this week and What we have I'm going to start off on the US dollar index and the US dollar index is just a measure of The dollar strength against the major currencies like the euro the yen and the pound as well as the Australian dollar and Last week pretty much we came back down into this demand zone rallyed a little bit, but then Even though there's been some decent news for the for the dollar the dollar index dollar overall I think is anticipating obviously a rate cut which could see some short term You know negative sentiment affects the dollar Well, that doesn't really matter if you're looking to buy the dollar because it just gives you an opportunity to buy at a cheaper price, right? You know, so if you are looking to buy the dollar even now or if you're looking at You know prices kind of falling away down here into this fresher area of Demand as this level has been touched several times So I don't really expect this to hold if you know prices weaken into the Fed announcement Then you know All we do is look forward to the US dollar index as some confirmation that there is buying across Board when it comes to the dollar Now moving on to the dollar yen and the dollar yen last week we had basically this little pin bar doji candle and I was saying last week that there is risk on coming into the market Donald Trump and China had pretty much agreed to kind of extend tariffs The impose him imposing tariffs on each other basically and there was a lot of risk on Sentiment coming into market and the Japanese yen doesn't really do well in a risk on environment as investors will look to Make more of a return on their money So the Japanese yen at the moment is in negative interest rates Meaning that it's gonna cost you to put money in the bank They want you to not keep their money in the bank. They want the the the currency out there Whereas even though the US dollar are Cutting rates you're still getting two point two five percent return at the moment Before they you know potentially cut rates Which is better than negative interest rates so in a risk on environment the dollar really is the The currency to buying you're seeing that you know this week and especially with They're being less risk off and more risk on in the market, which means now that that supply zone has gone You've got nice demand zone right there. So one of two ways you can play this If you are looking at getting Long on the dollar, you'd have to really kind of wait for a pullback and then a move Up From here so some bullish price action on the daily or a lower time frame if you're looking to buy the Japanese yen and you think the Japanese yen is an absolute bargain at these prices Then you're looking at daily demand zone right here And then you're looking at getting short because and obviously how supply and demand works is we look for past supply This is an indication that the Japanese yen was an absolute bargain at this price prices fell away Yeah, so by so basically buyers at this point in time. We're looking at buying the dollar. Sorry the Japanese yen in absolute mass selling the US dollar and so the same thing may occur around here, but it depends on fundamentals and sentiment as those are really the drivers of price What the main drivers of price as well as you know liquidity and stop hunting, which is something I don't get into in These videos, but let's move on to the dollar yen, sorry dollar Swiss and the dollar Swiss Last week came up into this supply zone here Again sold off a little bit sold off a little bit But to me, I think the Swiss Frank is probably the weaker batter to again It does well in a risk of the environment, but in a risk on the environment Not so much. We do have a new demand zone right here and What I would probably do is look for prices to kind of come down to this area here this 98 Two level to 98 the brown number as we have not only Demand there's lots of demand in this area. You have, you know resistance support Support, you know bit of support in here as well So I think if prices can come down here that'd be a decent buy for looking to buy the US dollar if you're looking to short the dollar and buy the Swiss Frank then I would probably wait for price to maybe You know come up to this area Right here if you're trying to get into a new trade a fresher area of supply If you did get short in these areas here and here on the lower time frames Maybe made a little bit of profit on that you know decent and What I would say is if again There is risk off comes into the market then Swiss Frank will probably end up, you know strengthening if this, you know risk on continues I think over a dollar should want to You know, you know get a bit stronger even in the face of you know rate cuts dollar CAD and the dollar CAD At the moment last week with DC prices come down into this demand zone a nice demand zone with the confidence of some support resistance support as marked out last week So some of you may have got involved in that if you did well done to you guys So where at now is there was really no no supply here for the Dollar CAD prices literally just went straight through that So now all we're looking at is either a pullback into This area here before looking at getting long and what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna extend this up to that area the 1.3 1.6 Level you want to be a buyer of the dollar if you're looking to be a buyer of the Canadian dollar Then you're looking for prices to really kind of come up into I would say anywhere around this higher zone around this 1.136 in the fresher area the 1.3 1.3 4 round number is probably the better area to look for some short trades New Zealand New Zealand US dollar So we did come up into a level of supply here There was a few supply zones around this area here and here So there was supply here, but then when prices started to trail off We'll be looking at getting short in here there was a nice Stop hunt set up around here, which I posted in the telegram group, which I think some of you may have taken advantage of and Took it for a nice two-to-one type trade some of you may still be in this but This was a nice cell trade right here I don't expect really prices to go further down. They could do they could not we have no idea But with the Fed potentially You know cutting rates we could see basically a move up into this higher zone It's maybe 65 round number before looking at some more cell trades as I will be looking to potentially short the the New Zealand dollar New Zealand dollar actually is doing quite well It's not necessarily the best trade or the best pair to look for shorts against the dollar, but If the setup presents itself, we just manage our risk and Potentially take the trade the New Zealand dollar are also looking to cut rates as well They cut rates more than expected last time around but we could see a bit of a rally as well Obviously into next week if you do want to be a buyer of this currency pair You're looking at basically pull back into this demand zone here before looking at a Long trade there for the New Zealand dollar and that from a technical perspective. I do like this this area But from a fundamental perspective I'm more inclined to buy the US dollar out opportunities Looking at the British pound US dollar So last week There wasn't really any kind of supply zone around here to try and look for shorten opportunities There was a bit of a stop-hand opportunity here But pretty much depending on your entry and exit you may have got a decent amount of pips on the intraday But overall from a daily perspective what you've got is the pound really just rallying on No deal Brexit sentiment so that's created higher highs higher lows and We know that higher highs and higher lows are reasons for you know Demand obviously there was a lot more demand at this price for the pound than there was you know this exchange rate So this creates obviously strong demand So if we do want to be a buyer of the pound to take advantage of potential pound sentiment What you're looking for is a pullback into this area right here Do you have a bit of confluence with? Yeah, a little bit of confluence With regards to some support and resistance in that zone where you've got A bit of support there bit of resistance of truck if prices come down into this area You've got support and resistance traders looking at that area as well as supplying demand traders looking to get You know long in that area Again depending on whether it's a bargain And if you're looking to get short the moment pretty much anywhere now you've got the 125 round number round numbers always Decent for to look for some sort of reversal not to say that they will happen but again with the dollar sentiment potentially in the Fed cutting rates you You may see prices start to drift higher before they start to maybe turn around at one of these These points around here Euro dollar euro dollar. So what's happened is I'll go to a little bit of depth in in this as well Is and I was saying this to the the private members a group the telegram group coaching group was And I ended up getting shorter here last week and taking profit pretty much down here So, you know to get into it was everyone was pretty much expecting Obviously the ECB to cut rates. It wasn't I mean and introduce stimulus They are not only did they go into negative interest rates. They they Introduced QE. So That was to be pretty much expected Now if everyone wants to get short, right? What has to happen is you need enough of liquid the market needs love enough liquidity to get short Everybody can't get short. Everyone can't press tell it needs to be enough by orders In order to for everyone to you know to to get short and if they're not enough by orders, right around this area Then what do you think is going to happen? They the market has to look for the liquidity and this goes into, you know I spoke orders and stop hunting and things like that and the way that banks trade so I Was saying that you know if the market starts to come up, right? It's really and just my opinion is that there were a lot of you know financial institutions that are Are short in this market, but they can't get short because everyone else is short So there's not enough liquidity for them to get short is not enough by orders So what happens is is you know market starts to stop hunt take out the You know the other side Zero-sum game and then also it starts to draw in trade as long who want to get long on the euro who follow Price action and if prices, you know this massive, you know nice engulfing candle Prices start to move up. What do you think traders are doing? They're pressing what buy and the financial institutions can actually take the other side of your trade So when you're buying, they're doing what they have to sell in the face of buying, right? so This for me this whole area and the prices, you know continue to go higher It's just for me. It's a it's a case of the financial institutions are you know looking to Sell in the face of buying and then prices should roll over can't really see The euro really strengthening against the dollar at the moment at the moment And of course anything can happen in the markets, you know, it's just a probabilities game Things may change in the you know with the euro and the economy and prices may start to You know go higher and things could get worse for the US dollar, you know So I could be wrong is 50-50 but for now and the way that the economic data is and Monetary policy and they just introduce stimulus I Think any pullbacks into, you know fresher areas of supply a great, you know Buying opportunities for the dollar. I'm not necessarily interested in getting long on the euro If you look at them economically they think about it like this the European central bank Introduced stimulus for a reason and it's not because you know, the economy is doing fantastic. Yeah, so I wouldn't necessarily Me personally wouldn't necessarily be you know interested in buying the euro From a from a supply and demand perspective, but if you are yeah, and there's always Contrarians out there, you know make your money how you make your money, you know It's basically you're looking for basically pullback into and this would be actually this would be a Supply sorry demand zone right here Demand yeah Nice demand zone there. So what you're looking for now is probably some sort of Oh One sec You've got a level here where you've got some support and resistance So you've got support support resistance bit of resistance here So if you are looking to be a buyer Bit of a pullback and then looking for long trade there If not, you're probably looking at bit of a pullback down into the lows right here Yeah, if you're looking to be a buyer of the euro if it the euro is an absolute bargain at these exchange rates then you know Definitely, you know, you can wait for a pullback if you think that the US dollar would be a bargain Then you're looking at probably anything right now or if prices do come up this week Yeah, then you're looking at these areas here for some short trades Moving on to the euro yen and Euro yen Last week, you know did get a bit of a sell-off and again You've got the euro rallying a little bit again. I don't think Not for any kind of you know reason other than probably just some sort of liquidity, but also with the yen the It has been risk on as well So or more or less risk off so the yen doesn't do well in that kind of environment So this is what you know has occurred and we are up into the higher end of this Supply zone so if risk off starts to come into the market then you've got a Japanese yen We'll probably end up strengthening the nest is this is a nice zone. I do like this zone Technically, but just whether you want to buy the Japanese yen also as well They've got their central bank announcement and if they do, you know, add more stimulus Q2 to their monetary policy, then you could see the Japanese yen Actually, you know start to weaken even more because again, that's the central banks intention is for you know Them to weaken the Japanese yen So there is a shorting opportunity this week, but I'm gonna Move this supply zone Probably up to the highs around here just so that I can fit in this demand zone doesn't look too cluttered So bit of supply here You could look for any kind of short trades if in the Japanese yen It's a bargain at this price and if you think the euro is gonna be a bargain You're looking for a pullback into this demand zone before looking at getting long But again, remember that there are some central bank announcements this week Aussie Dollar and the Aussie dollar has rallied Quite a bit Got a bit of demand there So what you're looking at is you're looking to get short I don't know deal with the shorts and buy the US dollar at the moment. We're looking for is it's basically a move down You know move up move down and then a move back up into some sort of supply zone Yeah, and that would be supply before looking at short trades If you are looking at a long trade What you're looking at is you can even wait for a pullback into this area here But just be aware that you are buying a potential highs at the moment You want more of a deeper pullback or if you don't get that then what you're looking for is for price to continue Going higher and then a pullback into that demand zone. Yeah, so that's pretty much your options for the Aussie US dollar and finally the Aussie yen Aussie yen again You've got let's see what we have here. We've got some hidden demand right here Right there And let's see what we've got here. Okay, so yeah What you're looking for is pretty just a pullback into this area here before looking at getting Long if you are looking at getting short you'd look for basically a pullback into this zone And then a move back up into what would be considered supply, you know, right here again Bear in mind that yen strengthens in a risk-off environment and the Australian dollar will strengthen in a risk on environments and yen is off Australian dollar is on And you know as long as there's Investors are looking at making a return meaning that you know that the China trade wars Are you know subsiding then the Australian dollar should do well when this is pretty much what we've seen, you know this week So again, there might be some short opportunities into one of these Also supply zones Again, just depending on whether you want to be buying the Japanese Yen, so that's it for this week I really hope that you all have a great trading week, and I will get back to all of your comments ASAP guys take care and speak to you soon


cost of goods sold and then on the customer side of things when we have the invoice the next thing is we have to receive payment on the invoice so we send out the invoice we track it and then we're going to get a payment on it and usually we record then a receive payment. The receive payment could be an increase to cash or you might put it into a clearing account called undeposited funds which is a whole other kind of issue that's not really where our focus is right now but it might go into the undeposited funds and then the other side is going to decrease accounts receivable that's our point right now it's decreasing accounts receivable when we receive the payment and then of course we could record the deposit which might take it out of undeposited funds and record it into the bank account if we used undeposited funds here which we might do in the situation where we have multiple deposits that we're going to be combining together that will hit the bank account and one lump sum often the case if we're using like credit cards or we have cash sales for example so that's going to be the normal kind of process now also note that the sales order you'll see that it goes up top here to a purchase order as well. Why does that happen why am I going up here to the purchase order well I mean if we got say a sales order we made an estimate we got a sales order let's say that we make custom surfboards or something or custom guitars or something like that well then we're going to have to actually order the guitar and the custom color or whatever they want so if we don't have the product on hand then we're going to have to order it or we're going to have to make it if it was a job cost system in which case we might make a purchase order which would then mean I'm going to use the sales order to create the purchase order to request the inventory from my vendor so I can get the inventory and then turn around and sell it with the invoice so then I go to the purchase order and then we get the inventory so the inventory adds another layer of complexity. Now that's going to be the normal process now a couple wrinkles in the normal process one is that if you use an estimate and you have a job cost system one in which the job takes a fairly long amount of time so it's not like you're doing you know you're not going to it's not like you're going to do the job first and then invoice the client because the job is taking an extended period of time then you might not be using a normal revenue recognition principle but a percentage of completion type of thing meaning you're going to recognize revenue as you start doing the job if you constructed an entire house or something like that or had a large project within constructing a house then you might be trying to you might be appropriate then to recognize revenue not when the job is done but as you do the job so now you have a revenue recognition issue that's kind of a whole nother type of accounting that we can that is interesting field good place to specialize in but that's another kind of wrinkle in the situation and then the wrinkle that we're really focused in on here is the idea will what if I get paid before I do the work so so now I'm going to say I'm still going to recognize the revenue possibly when the work is done but I'm going to collect some revenue before I do the work because for multiple different reasons right one I might be selling inventory if I sell inventory and I have a custom inventory that I need to go to my vendor and purchase you want a custom surfboard or guitar or whatever that has a certain color to it or so I don't know then I have to order it from the vendor and I'm only going to order that custom thing if you're locked into the sale well how do I lock someone into the sale we collected down payment we collected deposit so when we collect the deposit we got paid before we did the work that's where the issue comes about in that situation you have a similar situation with rental property if you rent rental property you might collect this the last month's rent at the beginning as a way of locking people in in the event that they kind of left or something like that in which case again you got paid before you actually gave them the property therefore you didn't earn it and so you have this kind of the situation you also might have the security deposit which works basically the same kind of idea meaning I'm going to collect a security deposit which I'm going to give back to you if the property is in order when you leave again you have this money that you haven't really earned and that kind of situation the other way that this often comes about is that you might be in an industry where you are in a subscription model so it used to be newspapers magazines classic industry where you get paid before you do the work because they're on a subscription model and you have to give me the money before I start giving you the newspapers or magazines nowadays computer applications of course are running this way so this is quite common if you're in that kind of industry we have computer applications someone's going to give you money upfront and then you didn't actually do the work you're doing the work over the next year if it's a yearly subscription for example so that's these are all areas where we have this situation where instead of me invoicing and then getting paid what's going to happen is we're going to get paid and then we're going to invoice so in the deposit situation if I I'm going to get paid the security deposit on the surfboard the guitar the rental property and then I'm going to invoice in the future for the money I already got but that's reversed right so that messes up the normal flow which messes up my whole tracking process within kind of like the customer center up top so so that's going to be the issue or you're going to get paid in a subscription model a year's worth of subscription and then we're basically going to invoice or we're going to recognize the revenue on a monthly basis let's say right for the 12 months out of the year after we did the work after we actually gave someone access to the software or whatever that that we are providing so so then of course the question is well you might have a similar process where someone's going to take a job we have an estimate let's say the custom surfboard situation we're gonna say okay they want a custom surfboard here's how much it would cost they commit to it so we're going to create the sales order but then at the time that we create the sales order we also are going to receive a payment at that point in time now the old way that we used to do this in QuickBooks is when we receive the payment I would just record the receive of a payment and it would record it basically as an increase


Fel ei chael'r cyfrifio hwn ar ei ddweud, honno unrhyw gwybod ei ddiwgol yn gyd. Rwy'n nhw'n deursio i gyd, a bod yn ni weithio'r adnodd honno'n unigodd. Mae'r ffordd wedi'u rydyn ni wedi gweithio hefyd ar gyffredinol gwybod o'r hwyl yng Nghymru a dweud e'r Rhwng. A gwneud o'r £1.5 a'i rydym yn ffawswyr o'r cyfrifio sydd i'r ddaid yng Nghymru, a unrhyw gael i Gylio'r dynnal i Maria Mhwriadau yn ein hwn gyda Llywodraeth yn gwybod yr unig ifanc hynny. Mae'n amlwg iawn i'r wrthynod ffordd y Ff Smith Cymru, ac mae'n gwybodaeth yng Nghymru, ac mae'r Gwylio'r ffordd o'r gwybodaeth yn y lle'r unig. Mae angen weithio'r gwawyr o'r gêm, gan unrhyw gweithio'n llawer o eu hyfforddiadau. Mae'n amlwg iawn erbyn, dinnerpiece, which was published last year by the Central International Cooperation at New York University. It's a real testament to the confidence of the professionals, the deep thinking of all those institutions that they really welcome debate and dialog on the future of Irish and UN peacekeeping. I learned immensely from the research experience over two years. I want to go back very briefly to my early, star-eyed, post-graduate days a Llyfrgell Cymru yn 2004. Rwy'n meddwl i'n ddweud i'r drwyll yn Llyfrgell i London yn unrhyw ymgyrch yn y grwp yn ymddi'r drwyll John Macinlay, unrhyw ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch, a'r cymdeithaseth yma yn yr unrhyw gyda'r ysgolwyr ymgyrch yn y grwp. Mae'r gweithio am y gwasanaeth ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch yn ymgyrch. Mae'n eu gotfwyll yw'r ffordd, a rydyn ni'n gweithio i'ch ffordd i Europio, sydd eich mynd pan oedd yn diolch yn rhanio gyda'r cyfrifio. Fy gydw i'ch gweithio'r gweithio'r cyfrifio gyda'r Unedol, ac yn dweud i'ch eich mynd i'r cyfrifio i Europio cyfrifio gyda unigol, llei'n cyfrifio cyfrifio gyda'r unedol. Gweithio'r cyfrifio gyfoedd yn gwneud yn ddiweddarion. Dwy'r rai cyfrifio'r cyfrifio'r ymgylch yn from 34,000 to over 100,000, approximately 100,000, 607,000, but there is a persistent malaise and European skepticism towards UN structures and operations who constitute a tiny part of these overall numbers. Indeed, I'd say that Ireland isn't immune from this malaise and the skepticism about UN structures and the ability of the UN to reform itself. We don't have to look what happened last week in terms of there are some positive green shoots in terms of natural countries looking again at UN deployments. Canada is now talking about going to South Sudan, certainly going to Mali in terms of increasing the numbers of troops there, and you can see in terms of what is going on in South Sudan, the importance of peacekeeping as a sort of the political hard edge of the United Nations presence in difficult places and keeping the peace in exceptionally trying circumstances. However, to set the scene, I want to sort of in terms of looking at the first trend which is looking at the Irish public sort of perception of peacekeeping. I want to sort of go back more than, well, more than 50 years right back to 1960 when we deployed it to the Congo as part of the UN mission to Congo there, or UNOC. And if you look in terms of how Irish peacekeepers were perceived during this period, it was very much a republic image close to that of missionaries, albeit peace missionaries were sort of minimal weapons for self-protection under chapter 6. Professor Hustrawn has very interestingly wrote about how today British soldiers have been excessively eulogised as victims, and this, to use an old academic chessman phrase, agency, reduces their agency to proactively do things. If you only see them as as definite victims and it's always been set up to be victims, then you limit your willingness to deploy them in dangerous and difficult places to do dangerous and difficult things. So he says that we need to be careful about how we sort of over eulogise military service and seeing them as victims. And I would say this is a trend that has long afflicted the defence forces. And if you look back, for example, at the Niemba ambush, the first major jolt of consciousness when it comes to the dangers of peacekeeping among the Irish public, you will see that the Irish media coverage at the time reported that many members of the platoon threw down their weapons and reached for their rosary beads, and this was seen as a good thing. However, the response by the military at the time was very, very good, but by the way there was no evidence for this. This was sort of conjured up by, I would say, a few journalists. But in terms of the two survivors certainly didn't talk about this. But in terms of how the military responded, you could see that Colonel Pat Curran, who was the, when he spoke to the outgoing officers and men of the 34th battalion going after the 33rd of which Niemba, the soldiers of the casualties from Niemba came from, Colonel Pat Curran gave a very, some called it a red face and angry speech in Athlone. He said that soldiers should never forget their security drill. If they were sent to clear a roadblock, they should never be caught off guard. If attacked, they should know exactly what to do and not be caught by surprise. And so, I suppose what I'm getting at here is that the military have always had a high degree of professionalism in terms of how they see themselves. They never particularly wanted to be seen as victims. They wanted to do a job. They wanted to secure their perimeter. They wanted to make sure that they knew their security drill and if they were attacked, they'd be ready for it. So this could have been a very juxtaposition between how the public saw the event and how the military saw the event, at least some military officers. By contrast, the Minister for Defence at the time, Kevin Gleeson, was sort of uninterested in the details of Niemba. He was asked as to why this happened. And indeed, one military officer said that, well, it wasn't particularly a surprise. The Irish were clearing roadblocks of which Belgian mercenaries were using, of roads in which Belgian mercenaries were using the roads to go and burn down Baluba villages and kill Baluba civilians. So, by clearing the roadblocks, essentially, they were seeing as betting the Belgians, which wasn't necessarily a good thing in that part of the Congo at the time. But however, Minister for Defence Kevin Gleeson said that ultimately this was the work of savages and that the Congo was on a manifest path to a destiny of peace and that the Irish soldiers were helping them to get there and know the detail was necessary. This wasn't exactly an informed political approach to thinking about the Congo at the time, indeed, the difficult position as to why only white troops were acceptable in that part of the Congo. And indeed, Diolch on my school, the UN Secretary General, had agreed that only white troops would serve in Gatanga at Belgium and the United States in the UK's behest. So there's a wider political context here that the Irish Government and, I would say, the Iraqis weren't looking at. And indeed, even if we go on to Lebanon, in terms of operational scrutiny or parliamentary scrutiny or government scrutiny of detail, something to be desired as well. It took a number of decades before, for example, the deaths of Corporal Finnton, Hennigan, Private Manics Armstrong and Private Thomas Walsh were looked at by Frank Callan and the Senior Council. And indeed, he reported that there were some aspects of the standard operating procedures and intelligence at the time that could have been perhaps better done. Some mistakes could have been learned from earlier in the Irish deployment. So whereas Irish officers who served in Lebanon have always long spoken about mistakes, ways to improve what they did, and indeed learned from such mistakes, no formal acknowledgement was ever forthcoming, really, of any serious problems in command and control, counter-ID preparations, equipments, ordinance, etc. And generally, with some honourable exceptions, the Iraqis was almost completely uninterested in such questions in the past. Even in sort of, you know, Oakley incidents, for example, the 2002 abuse of miners in Eritrea on the On Me or the UN mission in Ethiopia in Eritrea, this was kind of officially dismissed as a rotten apple or two. But it has been acknowledged by a number of officers I spoke to who were around at the time. This was more of a sort of battalion wide problem than was perhaps acknowledged at the time. And if you think that this happened to the British Army in Iraq or something, or in Afghanistan in 2003, there would certainly have been a parliamentary inquiry into that. You get to the bottom of exactly how this culture and how these problems have managed to manifest themselves. But we sort of, you know, I suppose what I'm suggesting here is sometimes the mantra of peace and the keeping of peace is sort of a comfortable blanket of which we can sort of put over our operations, which leads to sort of some comfortable speeches about the wonderful things indeed that we do do, but perhaps also sort of limit then the willingness or desire for robust scrutiny in terms of operation performance, and indeed making sure that that we learn from, we publicly acknowledge and learn from each operation. And that is a healthy, it should be a healthy tension there between on the civilian side, you know, constantly scrutinising multiple performance and then trying to help to learn from mistakes, improve whether that's the purchase of equipment, whether that's changing or the further funding of training exercises, whether that's the provision of whatever extra officers are needed, soldiers are needed to do difficult tasks. So I would say that however this 20th century trend of political and public disinterest in closely monitoring the operation of details of peacekeeping are coming to an end, and I would say that the number of points which I would like to talk about today. First of all the general maintenance of professional standards in the Irish Defence Forces is quite unique given the lack of parliamentary or public probity or interest in such standards, and there's very worthy PhD thesis possibly to be done with this. An already high level professionalism has accelerated of late, and indeed Ireland's membership of NATO partnership for peace since 1999 has transformed the Defence Forces. Irish officers like all professional members that are cast want to train and deploy with the best, and this for many Irish officers today means NATO. Indeed the tilt towards NATO has gone so far that many of the Irish officers that we interviewed were unaware of some of the detail of recent UN doctrinal innovations. So for example New Horizons, you mentioned that to a number of officers, they didn't really know what was in it. Whereas if you talked about the most recent NATO standard operating procedures, absolutely clear on NATO exercises, clear on exactly what NATO standards were. When it comes to something of the large amount of UN paperwork on doctrine that's produced by both the Department of Field Support and the Department of Peacekeeping operations, well there was perhaps less knowledge about this and that struck us as surprising. I would say second there is now evidence that Irish public attitudes previously uninterested in operational details is much more casual to averse now when it comes to UN operations than was ever the case in the past and that this is being reflected in turn by the Irish government. Third, the Department of Defence has emerged as a thinking department as evidenced by the well articulated white paper on defence, possibly the first time Ireland has produced a paper on security that can be considered truly strategic. Indeed Ireland's contribution at the EU and NATO level is evolving. It is demanding an unprecedented policy response and the Department of Defence is generally rising to the challenge. Fourth, the increased role of DOD is not without some inter-departmental tension including between the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and the Department of Defence, but this is again generally healthy for policymaking. It's good to have two departments rubbing up against each other with sort of defence favouring a certain policy choice versus the Department of Foreign Affairs favouring another. However, if there's no cabinet minister for defence it obviously tilts the balance a little bit too much perhaps where you don't have a senior political leader then sort of articulating the defence line and that sort of it can unbalance things a little bit. So the dialogue on national security and danger is becoming as I say slightly unbalanced there in terms of foreign affairs preferences. The Department of Defence appears to favour stronger NATO engagement and war deployments as part of combined European battalions. The DFA is sort of coming around to this idea but has long sort of favoured more traditional UN deployments and indeed the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade pushed hard for the 2013 UNDOF deployment to Syria while the Department of Defence was largely well to some degree a bit more hesitant. However in the minds of at least some Irish defence officials and indeed defence forces officers experience in Syria has highlighted two important shifts in Irish defence. First Irish military standards and duty of care at Irish soldiers is much higher than it was in the 1990s and two UN structures are not keeping pace with these expectations. So very briefly let's look at what went wrong in UNDOF of late. Well looking at one incident and perhaps the most famous incident in terms of the Irish quick response force rolled in in UNDOF on August 30th 2014 Irish peacekeepers in Syria came under attack from Al Qaeda's affiliate Jabhat al Nusra. Al Nusra had already kidnapped 45 Fijian soldiers and seized UN disengagement or UNDOF bases weapons and equipment and then now they surrounded, fired upon and demanded the surrender of two of the UN positions manned by Filipino peacekeepers. Irish soldiers successfully relieved the encircled Filipino peacekeepers in vacuuming 93 personnel while maintaining their own security in a tense and highly volatile environment. However a war of words then broke out as we know between the UN force commander and the Filipino government over whether Filipino troops disobeyed in order to surrender to Al Nusra. Meanwhile the UN was forced to negotiate with an Al Qaeda group in order to gain the release of the Fijian troops who were released on the 11th of September. Qatar as we know negotiated their release and as an Israeli politician observed were Qatar negotiates there's always money and a lot of it. So in terms of UNDOF well it hasn't regained its lost positions in the Syrian Bravo sign lying off the disengagement zone and to some degree this was an embarrassment in terms of command UN commander control having this very public spat between the Philippines and the senior officers from the Filipino military and the UN force commander over who said and did what. And for many European countries including the Austrian chancellor he said well we told you so we told you this was going to happen so that's why we drew our troops it was obvious this mission was a mess. So UN peacekeepers were essentially harassed occasionally kidnapped over two years by Syrian rebel fighters to enforce a mandate that to some degree had been rendered impossible to put in place I mean complaints are made about Jabhat al-Nusra by the UN to the Syrian government saying why don't you do something about Jabhat al-Nusra targeting our troops well. I mean I'm not a fan of the Syrian government they said we're a bit busy at the moment and oddly enough they're sort of beating us in many areas of southwest south west Syria so it was sort of an out-of-date mandate with out-of-date structures and unworkable command and control ultimately when it came to dealing with crisis situations. So I would say that this has been a pretty difficult experience for the Defence Forces and for the UN and indeed at the time Minister for Defence Simon Coveney said that this showed that from now on Ireland is going to have a much more strict conditions-based approach for iris contingents following debates in Undof in Syria. And if we look at some of the statements that came from Minister of State Paul Keogh recently when it came to the deployment of iris troops to Mali he said iris soldiers are all deployed and will be safe jobs and will not be active in danger zones. This isn't good particularly I would argue for in terms of getting a job done just to stay in safe zones to this sort of casualty aversion isn't necessarily I don't think what professionals want and so I think we need to have more dialogue about what risks we're willing to take, what UN reforms we need in terms of duty of care, in terms of thinking about role 2 hospitals etc in terms of how retrievable are our soldiers from adverse situations, but simply saying that we're only going to send our soldiers to safe areas, relatively safe areas and not to dangerous areas is not a positive message, not a positive dialogue we need to have with the Irish populace as a whole I would argue and indeed with the Iraqis. Looking briefly then at some of the problems and I don't have time really to get into some to many of the areas of report that we published last year but looking briefly at command and control issues of which many we talked to a number of Irish officers, a large amount of Irish officers about their experiences of UN command and control so quickly speaking then about some of the problems that they highlight as well we still have despite the you know various reports on UN reform including the the HIPPO report of last year 2015 that was chaired by Ramos Horta the former president of Tumor Leste and we still have a number of issues in terms of a UN system infighting and one one senior Irish UN official told us that quote the incentives of the UN system are to work for part of the UN against all other parts of the UN capture resources the UN staffer does not work for the UN as a whole he or she cannot see that far the way that the UN is created is funded creates this distortion there is not an incentive to work together instead each agency is in competition for funds the central planning processes needed to reduce this is what DFS Department of Field Support was designed for but some in Department of Peacekeeping operations feel threatened by the DFS role and this is certainly what we found throughout New York the Department of Field Support and DPKO are going through a turf battle that is long-standing and shows no sign of going away and in terms of in EU official also pointed out that DFS does not view its role as being subservient to DPKO and that this huge interagency problems was causing difficulty in terms of European appetites for further commitments to UN peacekeeping. Also was noted that in the case of several UN missions for example a Minercat that was serious disagreement with UN officials over what should be how the mandate should be interpreted so in the case of Minercat UN officials wanted essentially Minercat troops to provide escorts for UN agencies whereas obviously you four and indeed European countries saw a wider scope for the mandate than perhaps UN officials thought and this was never quite resolved to a satisfactory outcome throughout the Irish time of the Irish deployment in Chad and indeed the botched handover in March April 2010 also was frustrating not only for the Irish but was also noted by a number of other European countries in terms of how you know EU UN cooperation was not quite up to up to scratch or where it should be and much blame was put on the UN there fairly or unfairly. In terms of looking at mandates well obviously mandates have for a period after the Brahimi reports in 2000 mandates became much more sort of means tested and orientated however in recent years this means that sort of move away from this the new buzzword is POK you know the protection of civilians. Indeed if you look at the minimal mandate or the UN mission the size of that mandate then you see that there is a large number of tasks to which the peacekeeping peacekeepers are not particularly equipped to do whether it be you know sort of ensuring that gender awareness is sort of prioritised or whether it's it's ensuring that peacekeepers sort of pave the way for successful elections and sometimes yes UN civilian officials should be sort of deployed alongside these missions to sort of take care of these this this range of mandate tasks but often peacekeepers find that they themselves through a similar civil military role or civil affairs role are sort of tasks we're doing these things as well and many countries many troop contributing countries are not capable of doing this so the large scale you know if it's some Asian country simply just ignore you know aspects of the mandate they find that they are not trained or equipped to do that they see as being traditionally civilian tasks so Minisma and the Mali mission is very good broad mandate but whether it's actually really implementable in the whole of its scope is another question and the other problem for the defence forces is that they've had very successful and indeed pleasing experiences of recent NATO peacekeeping missions so for example the mission k4 mission in Kosovo was seen as a model of sort of multi-actor cooperation an excellent concept of operations or co-ops an excellent plan to wind down the mission and gradual transition then to unmic the UN interim administration in Kosovo and so a logical sequential transition and where k4 sort of moved to an aid to the civil power role and so Kosovo because there's NATO experiences have been so good this has kind of led to increased expectations in terms of what our soldiers will then experience in other missions whether those are realistic or not indeed Unifil is a satisfying mission because to some degree the French insisted on remaking it to their image as they as they wanted it so they established things like for example that insisting that a French officer take on in 2006 and need chief of staff role that they sort of remodeled in terms of its terms of duties to be what they would expect in a NATO mission are insisting of establishing a strategic military cell in Unifil that was staffed mostly by European officers much to the chagrin of you know non-aligned movement countries who were sort of used to having a sort of you know an equal role in terms of operation and headquarters but this was very much dominated by Europeans and so the French are sort of quite brash in advancing their own way of doing things as they see fit and this is quite ad hoc can be useful it can also lead to confusion especially when it comes to other TCCs who have a problem with kind of advanced use of intelligence technologies that they don't have such as whether it's UAVs or anything else the establishment of national intelligence cells that they again don't have or don't want to set up so the French have sort of set a template that what people in London right now are saying is is an interesting template the UK is talking about the same thing the message of defence well are you know establishing parallel missions like Lycorin and Côte d'Ivoire for example and then to feeding into the UN mission as necessary as your national interest and indeed your desire to get involved with the UN sort of fluctuates depending on who who else is committed committed to providing troops so it's sort of this have your cake and eaters approach is kind of is quite appealing to some European countries I would say that quite dangerous darling in a way in the short term it's often quite useful but in terms of the overall coherence of peacekeeping we need to make sure that such efforts are formalised that you don't simply sort of rip up the rule book and to rewrite it as necessary you don't sort of you know some of the recent innovations that we've seen such as joint military analysis cells or joint operations centres again the French or whoever it is will sometimes rewrite these or or even the Italians in the Spanish will sort of try and remake these as they see fit as they see as they see as kind of a better model on the ground at the time depending on the force commander depending on key military personnel this is all interesting come innovative it can be useful but it can also lead to confusion especially when the bulk of UN peacekeepers are still obviously not from Europe and therefore can lead to some difficult relations in the mission finally I'll just say that there's also some evidence of civilianisation so for example if you look at a lot of the air assets that are used in in sub-Saharan Africa in very difficult missions such as in the Congo you'll see that some of these are are still contracted out to civilian agencies who fall under an ICAO kind of civilian standards it means they can't really use air assets in a kind of hot conflict because that goes against civilian sort of work rules which is dangerous in terms of you need an Indian you know if an Indian company commander is calling in for a kazovac and suddenly you realize you don't have air assets because it's too hot it's too difficult that doesn't exactly inspire these troops doing very difficult jobs but kind of morale and to you know already they're thinking that you know Indian Pakistani troops for example generally do one UN tour in their whole careers which is a problem actually because in terms of their previous experiences they're obviously learning on the ground but then in terms of risking their men or women's lives well if you're concerned about you know air assets not being you're not being able to draw upon them as a military officer then that's that's obviously quite difficult and I don't think that came out in the recent HIPAA report either we still have problems in terms of sending troops home however there is there are some green shoots out there in terms of you look at the UN stand-away range system that has now been done away with essentially and then we now have the peacekeeping capability readiness system that was introduced in 2015 it shows some signs of improvement on the previous on the previous UNSAS concept we also have the strategic force generation style which is being pushed by the UK and others which again is sort of pooling and allowing for a major European dialogue in terms of moving away from the French kind of ad hoc approaches that I talked about to a more formalized way of getting Europe back into more peacekeeping and I think that you know some of the moves that we've seen from Canada recently some of the conversations that are being had in London despite the dreadful I'll be quite frank besides the you know in terms of the hindrance that Brexit puts upon CSDP and a more European cooperation whether it's the European Defence Agency or CSDP missions etc you know there still are some green shoots out there in terms of trying to get Ireland playing a sort of leading role in trying to move bigger European countries away from possibly doing things for expediency but not actually laying down a blueprint or framework for future cooperation and are you know finding ways to have different levels of UN operations I think there are some there is of some progress noted in the report in terms of trying to look at ways to fix the budget so that more capable assets can be reimbursed for example from the peacekeeping budget so that Europeans are not necessarily out of pocket as they complain they have been in the past intelligence has now been talked about openly is very good thing you can see the use of UAVs very positive in my view in terms intelligence should not be a dirty word it doesn't have to be a negative thing if done properly and carefully with the host country so I think there are some green shoots out there and I'm very much welcome given the sort of the range of immense experience that we have in this room I've tried to be a little bit provocative in trying to talk about the Irish situation the Irish legacy and my sense of again the professionalism and the expertise that Ireland has both in terms of military and the Department of Defence and the Department of Foreign Affairs is that it is very high very engaged possibly in the military side there could be more awareness actually surprisingly even though we thought we wrote the UN peacekeeping book to somebody who we've kind of lost a little bit touch perhaps as we go from more and more pfp training initiatives and NATO standards for the dominating the military training discourse perhaps we need to kind of go back and look again in terms of how we see our input and how we can learn from UN doctrine and advances and the operational level the UN produced a lot of paper not a lot of countries actually operationalise it in terms of how they train their troops for peacekeeping missions and we possibly are also some way to blame for that I think very finally that when it comes to our major flaws that we don't have a proper public discourse about defence in this country so we do have ministers coming out and saying don't worry our soldiers will not be harmed if our soldiers you know I think gathering from the conversations that we've had in terms of professionalism in terms of commitment I think our soldiers do want to be in the difficult areas I think they have been in the difficult areas and the idea that they should only go to as Mr Keogh said the relatively safe areas goes against that long and proud tradition and so I'd argue that only way we can change that is to sort of talk to the Irish public about why they do these difficult jobs why they might possibly take opportunities in the future and why this is absolutely worth it in terms of our contribution to international security


Hello everyone, welcome back to another session on Dentistry and More. So today's topic is Wall Slow. Wall Slow is a very interesting topic. It says about the bone trajectories based on the functional forces, the changes in trabecular arrangement of the bone based on the forces. So before that we need to understand what is a bone and what is a trajectorial theory. Then we will move to the wall slow. So let's see what is inside wall slow. So wall slow should be in accordance with bone and trajectorial theory. Then only we will understand the concept of wall slow. First we will see what is bone. We know that there has two parts of bone and one is the outer and very thicker part which is known as compact bone and the other part is cancellous bone which is inside of a bone which is a very spongy and has a mesh work of trawaculate. So cancellous bone and compact bone. So the next thing is trajectorial theory. So trajectorial theory is by a scientist mayor. It says that the line of orientation of the bone in trawaculate follow the pathway of maximal pressure and tension. So I have drawn a picture of a bone and you can see these lines, the dark lines. These are the bone in trawaculate line of orientation. Also we can say that trabecular arrangement. So the load is happening here and maximum tension and pressure on both sides. So there is lot of stress happening here. So trajectorial theory says the line of orientation of the bone in trawaculate follow the pathway of maximal pressure and tension. So this is the pathway where is the maximal pressure and tension is happening because of the load here. So there is maximal pressure and tension. So the bone in trawaculate follows this pathway. So maximal pressure and tension pathway. So when there is maximum stress there will be thicker trawaculate. So thicker trawaculate is found in areas of maximal stress. So the alignment of trawaculate in spongy bone follow the trawaculate line like a mechanical structure. So it follows just like a mechanical structure. When there is force there is change in this direction. The bone in trawaculate direction it goes with maximal pressure and tension. So these trabecular lines are lines of maximal stress within the bone. So these are the lines, trabecular lines. These are the lines of maximal stress. So we can see that maximal stress. And these tragic trees grows at right angle to resist the manifold stress on the bone. So you can see it is not very clear but you can see these tragic trees cross each other at 90 degree. You can see the 90 degree. Why it is so? Because it can resist manifold stress on the bone. So it can resist stress on bone. So this is what trajectorial theory says that is the line of orientation. It is following the maximal pressure and tension. And these are the lines of maximal stress within the bone. And this alignment follow a maximum stress just like a mechanical structure. Now we will move on to the wall slope. I hope you understood what is the trabecular line and the stress and other concept. So wall slope is just an extension of this trajectorial theory. It is just explaining the reason for this maximal stress and tension. So wall slope was given by Julius Wolf in 1870. So what he was saying? The reason for arrangement of trabecular pattern. So the reason for arrangement of trabecular pattern is functional forces. So trabecular arrangement is due to functional forces. That is what wall slope is emphasizing on. So wall slope of transformation of bone is the change in direction or magnitude of force could produce change in internal structure and external form of that particular bone. That is wall slope transformation of bone. So what is the functional forces? The forces happening in the body. That is the functional forces. If we change that functional force in direction or magnitude, it can result in change in the internal structure and the external form of that particular body. So that is the wall slope. It is nothing but the explanation of this trabecular theory. So trajectorial theory is not mentioning about the functional forces. So if there is increased function, the bone is having more density. Or wherever the function is high, the bone will produce more density. Because it has to withstand that particular maximum load. And if the function is decreased or minimal function, the density also will eventually or automatically decreases. So the stress of tension or pressure will result in change in bone. That is a simple theory. That is if there is stress of tension or pressure, the bone will be changed. Because it has effect on the internal structure and external form. So that is all about wall slope. It is connected with trajectorial theory. So it is emphasizing on the functional forces and how functional force could change the internal structure and external form. So let's wind up this wall slope. We have seen bone trajectorial theory and the details. So I will come up with a new topic in my next video. If you have any doubts, please mention in the comment box or any more videos you would like to have lectures on. Please mention that too. Thank you.


What's good y'all she brought Ross back here again with another video and we're gonna check out WWE top 20 loudest standing ovations in history There are a few times in wrestling especially in WWE where the crowd Enjoys what they saw in the ring or maybe they enjoyed what they heard on a microphone from someone giving a promo And they give a standing ovation to show appreciation For what they saw what they heard and I love those moments man And I know the wrestlers they love those moments when it happens because those are the type of moments and I scripted Genuinely the fans love and appreciate what they just saw what they just witnessed. So we're gonna check this out Appreciate all the love and support road to 50k and let's check this bad boy out Look at that man. Damn man. Look at that bro. You can't you can't fake that type of emotion. You can't fake that type of emotion I'm hooking up brother Man Sammy's ain't man Definitely deserve He definitely deserves some type of potential main event run at some point Hopefully he does get that but he's very a very talented worker and the crowd loves him heal or face He's he's good, man And I really wish WWE really would have pulled the trigger on him moving him up the ladder I know he was in a mid-card few with Kevin Owens a few times But I really wanted him to at least get some type of main event push run cuz he has the appeal and people love him Look at this now That's nice This right here This right here, and I think this took place this elimination chamber took place in Houston if I'm not mistaken correct me if I'm wrong. I'm getting goose bumps. I'm about this moment because this was the moment people wanted Kofi Kingston to win he was that close to winning a WWE championship Yeah, I believe he was one of if not the last competitor To go against Daniel Bryan. He was the last competitor to go against Danny Bryan in the match He almost won it and you could see how people Got behind him at this moment right here. This was One of the main events for WrestleMania. It was no Denying it was no denying it at this point Kofi mania was running wild because people bought into Him potentially winning the WWE championship now granted Mustafa Ali was supposed to have this role But I think he ended up getting injured by Randy Orton or something like that So it was supposed to be Mustafa Ali in this position, but Kofi Kingston Getting the reception he got Was beautiful and ultimately gave him that momentum and that push to win the WWE championship Let's watch this He put on a fantastic match to One of the better elimination chambers we've had in a while This was it. This was the moment right here. We're going back with the retro clips This was a fantastic match Fantastic match Anything when it goes to any when it comes to Johnny Gargano, man It's just always gold, especially when it's about NXT takeover. It's just gold, bro He's just fantastic. He is NXT he is missed a takeover bro for real for real He I don't know how many countless great matches Johnny Gargano has been a part of that crowd Ha ha ha ha ha Yeah, I remember that day. Oh Jericho had came back. I want to say this had to be like 2007 there was running these promos You didn't know what was going on. He finally comes out, bro Jericho finally came back after many many years and not being on WWE, bro This was this was done with the light up jacket. This was dope. I remember when that happened the light up Jackie Man, bro, he was never the same. He was so over Got to the main roster They they was using them for a little bit and after the feud he had with AJ Styles at WrestleMania Well, the match he had with AJ Styles at WrestleMania. It just went downhill for him. I really it's just really sad How WWE just you it's not hard. You literally pick in place from NXT To the main roster, it's not hard, bro They're gonna get over but they they just they just ruined people's characters that were already fine before they got to the main roster I don't get that He doesn't really speak that much English, but the fans still When you hit a glass break, it doesn't matter you're gonna get height And shout out to Triple H He was I believe at the game one for the Eastern Conference Semi-finals between Philly and Atlanta. He was there. He walked out with I believe Joel and beat he walked out with them. They they walked out to the dia DX theme theme song theme music and they walked out giving the X the crotch chops man, and he Triple H rain the bail for For Philadelphia, man, so I thought that was dope the crowd reaction. He got Just let you know that anybody like Triple H stone cold the Undertaker the rock these legends Even though people probably don't even be watching wrestling They still remember these guys and when they heard DX theme song and they heard Well, they seem Triple H come out there The crowd reaction was like like it used to be back in a day in attitude era. So Classic man You knew someone was getting stunned This is my favorite theme song one of my favorite theme songs and WWE ever and this was Kane's best theme song I don't kill nobody say don't add me That's dope Oh, yeah, he was he was back in his uh, I want to say it was his hometown. I'm not sure I Wanted I know it was his home state, but I'm not sure if it was a hometown comment down below Let me know but he was loved there like this was this was his home turf So it didn't matter man like Brock was gonna get major cheers here So we got a Lesnar football jersey, that's dope bro. That's dope I remember watching this This was his return back From battling with leukemia. He had to relinquish the universal championship So he had came back to a Thunderous crowd reception. Of course, he wasn't gonna get booed Like it was you know, it was one of those things where people even if you didn't like Roman Reigns character You still felt for the guy because you wanted to you wanted him to overcome The you know his battles with leukemia. So this was a real good feel good moment, man And I remember actually watching this live. I'm in remission y'all that That was dope, man. I'm getting goosebumps just watching that This right here This right here Watching this live. This is when raw was so much watchable Watching him come back. I never thought he was gonna come back for a long long time, bro Shane McMahon coming back to television as A presence on television was one of the dopest things and one of the most talked about things when this happened, bro With the icy ones on Look at that, bro That was a holy s moment broke is no one expected Shane to come back This is when triple H that came back from his injury The crowd reception from that Look at that.  So this was a dope moment in itself The WrestleMania 30 man. Oh One of the greatest Monday, this was one of the greatest Monday night Rawls after mania, bro. Look at this Lee had the whole WWE universe behind him one of the greatest just WWE like title runs and what I mean by title runs like chase for the championship of all time Because they were screwing Daniel Bryan over so many times and you didn't know if they really was gonna pull the trigger Of course seeing punk We're seeing punk leaving the company that it kind of put things in the motion because they really wasn't gonna give him the titles But ultimately things happen the way they happen and if we got one of the greatest WrestleMania moments and one of the greatest Raw after Raw WrestleMania moments of all time This is right Yeah, almost over 20,000 people Channing your name and that's man moments like that it this entire video I had none but damn near goosebumps for every clip and it's special moments I like to make you go back and watch those moments on YouTube or on now It's not the WWE Network, but on peacock But it's it's it makes Wrestling what it is man.  I remember how the crowd was just you know Just overzealous with hyping, you know saying just showing that that particular wrestler that at that particular moment All the love and adulation that they deserve but comment down below Let me know what was your favorite standing ovation moment from this video if I had to choose man Like legit had to choose. I'm still gonna go with Daniel Bryan on the Monday night Raw after WrestleMania one of the best standing ovations I Remember seeing in recent memory bro. It was it was just it was pure It was just nothing but just enjoyment and people finally the fans actually finally got what they wanted But a first time in a very long time So comment down below. Let me know. I would love your thoughts and opinions appreciate all the love and support Roll to 50k appreciate y'all kicking in with me. I see y'all on the next one. Peace


सर, देख हैं मुझे क्या मिला? जा एं? वरन्यर कलिबर इसे हम नकुज भी मैजो कर सकते हैं एक्जाक्ली जो से कि मैंने ये नाथ लीः क्या नाथ? ये नाथ लीः अगगगगग और औगगग जूदा नाथ लीः जुता थुता नाप लिया आदे जिवाय दिया था। अररीव है क्या लेए हरी भ aesthetics क्या लेए हरीव है वगा Many of us will have a main scale that goes from Zero, one, two, three, one It goes from zero, one, two, three, one it goes from zero, one, two, three, and so on It goes from zero, one, two, three, so on and this is just like any other scale You'll see, the main scale has 10 divisions between any two readings यह अदंने यह यह यह भोटु क्यों गडीग, यह वोटु मंदे लेग स्देगी है, तो वोटु मन कचाह कों भी आखते रही ब लिग मिरनीरनिर स्काच्टे. एक और वोटु, आप व یہता लोग करी देवग वोटु मेश्विर. इसके, तो combinations of 88 salted अकता में दिलrs एक ल् enthusiasts ऑिन लिंक,aborate और ज्� shadow प् twists और ख्योनम हաए उय ढीजांगे Malaysia ती pins या रेशी note उय शाम आई दें फुह ईस fic ॐ común ू। ू। ।। । ।। । and the logic behind this. Let's go. Ok, let's start our story from this. This is the standard configuration of a error-less versioner caliper. You'll see here that the zero of the vernier scale right here is coinciding with zero of the main scale. You'll also notice one thing. There are ten divisions in the vernier scale. So there are ten divisions in vernier scale. Please write it down.rite this- 10 Vsd,and this stands for vernier scale divisions..is equal to 9 M Sd,that means there are 9 main scale divisions which coincide with 10 vernier scale divisions. Now it's easy to calculate this one,why? Because we know one division right here because it's a standard scale..this length is one millimeters. So if I have 9 divisions in this,this total length right here becomes 9 mm. is the simple fact that this one division instead of being one mm is just .9 mm okay is just .9 mm now how does it help us let's move forward and figure it out so let's say you put something right here and you got a reading something like this so for example you have a pencil of a kind you plug between the vernier calipers and it fit in such a way that the zero of the vernier scale is somewhere between 10 mm and and this is the main scale so this is obviously one centimeter or 10 mm and this is 11 mm but you know that this zero is neither coinciding with 10 mm or 11 mm so your answer will lie somewhere between 10 mm and 11 mm so your answer would be something like 11.5 11.6 or something like that and how do i find that there is a very awesome process to find that okay so what i'm going to do is i'm gonna look for a situation okay where the main scale and the vernier scale divisions are coinciding so if i start counting from here so i know that zero obviously is not coinciding with anything one is not coinciding two is not coinciding three is coinciding that's awesome okay so if i find out this this distance and the distance from here till here i'll find something that is very useful to me so let me find out a different color to figure the distance out now this is the distance that i was initially looking for right so if it is all of this again you'll be able to understand see i already know the length of this whatever we are measuring right here is 10 mm up to here i need to figure out how much distance is this small distance to figure that out what i'm going to use is i'm going to find out what is the distance from here till here and here till here and if i subtract both of them if i subtract both of them i'll essentially get what is this green distance and that is what i'm looking for now finding out this distance is very very easy because i know in the main scale this is one mm okay so this is one two three so three into one mm gives me three mm so this total length right here is three mm okay whereas i also have the same three divisions one two three three divisions in the vernier scale but remember in vernier scale it's 0.9 mm so three into 0.9 mm gives me a 2.7 mm essentially so this small green distance that i need to that i needed to add right there is actually three mm minus 2.7 mm giving me 0.3 mm now this helps me to find out the actual length of this which is going to be 10 mm plus 0.3 mm giving me 10.3 mm okay now your question would be key every time i look at the vernier cal uh caliber do i need to do all these calculations the answer is no we have made uh simpler formulas to work this out but i did this uh so as because you needed to understand the logic on which vernier caliber works but uh how do we actually calculate it there is a shortcut to doing that and that i'm going to discuss next okay so for using this shortcut you have to find something called the least count okay and this is nothing but this is one minus main scale divisions divided by vernier scale division now what this formula means is that first you need to find out key what number of vernier scale divisions or main scale divisions is you know coinciding with the vernier scale divisions at the start so if you remember in the initial picture there were nine uh you know main scale divisions were coinciding with ten uh vernier scale divisions so if i plug in these values this becomes one minus nine by ten nine main scale divisions coincide with ten vernier scale divisions this gives me the least count of this device and how how much is that it's one tenth of a millimeter it's one tenth of a millimeter so after you find out the least count whenever you get a reading like this all you have to do is first so the steps are this first check msd okay first check main scale division so immediately you're going to know the length okay so this length obviously is going to be 10 millimeters this is 10 millimeters it's easy to find and it's just like any other normal scale that's the pointer is beyond one so i know okay this is 10 mm plus something the hard part is finding out the next bit in which you have to remember this formula key next you have to locate which vernier scale division is coinciding with the main scale and uh we know from this problem key this is the third one so this is the formula that you have to use main scale division okay main scale reading my back main scale reading plus least count multiplied by vernier scale divisions vernier scale division this is the formula you're going to use so if i use this formula right here so the main scale reading is 10 mm okay and we found out the least count for this device is 1 by 10 millimeters okay and the coinciding vernier scale divisions is 3 now if you plug that in you'll get 10 plus 0.3 that gives me the exact same result that's 10.3 millimeters okay so that's how you find out the reading in a vernier scale uh let's quickly check whether you understood uh how to use a vernier calipers for this i have taken some random readings let's try to figure out what are these readings okay so what you can do is pause and quickly find your answer and then check whether the answer is correct or not so for this one uh we can see key from here till here it's already 4 millimeters right uh i need to figure out how much this distance is so i know zero is not coinciding 1 2 3 4 5 and 6 is 6 divisions is where i see a direct coincide coinciding okay so that means it will be 4 mm from the main scale plus least count of this device which is same as 1 by 10 into 6 divisions right so that's 4 mm plus 0.6 mm giving me 4.6 mm as the length okay let's try to figure out the next one this next one there are so this is 1 centimeter right here so the total length from here till here is 1.2 centimeters so that's uh 12 millimeters essentially so in the main scale is already telling me that it's 12 millimeters long and plus something else from the vernier scale so i see that the eight vernier scale division is coinciding with the main scale right so that means 12 mm plus one tenth of eight divisions so that's 12 millimeters plus 0.8 giving me 12.8 mm as the answer okay so in this last question this length from here till here is let's say this is 15 16 17 18 and 19 so you will notice in the main scale there are 19 divisions so that's 19 millimeter right there so i have to add 19 millimeter to one tenth that's the least count and you will notice key the first division of the vernier scale itself uh coincides with the main scale so that's just one right there so the answer would be 19.1 millimeters okay so if you got all your answers correctly congratulations you know how to use a vernier caliper let's quickly talk about zero error as i have told you before positive zero error is when the zero of the vernier scale is actually to the right of the zero of the main scale okay now this would mean key even before i started measuring the length of something the scale is showing me some reading okay and i'm going to use the same exact process to find out msr the main scale reading plus the least count into the vernier scale reading okay so the main scale reading right here is zero so zero plus the least count for this device is one by 10 and the vernier scale divisions right here is if you check this uh you'll feel you'll see key the sixth division sixth vernier scale division is coinciding with the main scale so i'll write six here so that means in the beginning itself uh we have a reading of 0.6 mm okay so uh the scale which was supposed to start from zero mm it actually starts from 0.67 and what do i have to do at the end like for example if you measure something and you get your answer as let's say 2.6 mm using this faulty equipment you started measuring something and you get key the the the length of that object in this faulty equipment is 2.6 mm remember key you started without the scale that was already giving you 0.6 without anything right so 2.6 is a faulty reading so you have to subtract 0.6 extra uh reading which was there in the beginning itself giving me uh 2 mm as the answer so negative zero error is actually the opposite of positive zero error as in the vernier scale zero will be to the left of the main scale zero okay now the format for finding out the reading for the vernier scale is main scale reading plus least count into vernier scale reading okay but one thing you might have noticed from before is that this main scale reading is always to the left of the vernier scale right but uh so we have to imagine something right here so let's say this is 1 mm to the right okay so obviously from logic this would be minus 1 mm from uh from the uh to the to the left okay minus 1 mm to the left now the reason i'm doing this this ms at the the main scale reading is not to the right of the vernier scale it's always to the left of the vernier scale so i'm going to imagine minus one right there and i'm going to write it here so minus one is the uh is the reading in the main scale plus least count which is 1 by 10 and you will notice the vernier scale reading is uh four right here so the fourth division is actually coinciding with the main scale that gives me four divisions right there but that's minus 1 plus 0.4 okay so that gives me the reading of minus 0.6 millimeters so this is a faulty equipment okay which instead of starting at 0 mm it is starting at minus 0.6 mm so anything that you are measuring using this faulty device will always be under measured okay it will always be under measured so for example if you're using this faulty device if the reading for a particular body comes out to be three mm you have under measured it okay because instead of starting at 0 your scale started at minus 0.6 so you are under measuring this to compensate for this you have to add this zero error at the end so if you have a negative zero error add it at the end and this becomes 3.6 mm so your true value or your correct reading will actually be 3.6 mm okay so to summarize if you have a positive zero error so let me write this now so if you have a positive zero error and you know how to find that out okay you have to subtract at the end so you have to subtract at the end and when i say at the end i mean key when if you want if you're trying to find out the actual or the true uh measurement you have to subtract the positive zero after you find out the reading if you have a negative zero error negative zero error again i taught you how to find out negative zero error you have to add this reading at the end of the experiment okay so when you have when you're measuring using a equipment that has negative zero error then whatever negative zero error you get you have to add at the end okay so with that i'd like to conclude keep having a good day okay and keep working hard bye bye


Coming to you from our GIS studios, I am Anisia Antoine and this is your media news brief. Prime Minister the Honourable Alan Shastney has said 2019-2020 is going to be a very important year for the country. The Prime Minister says the budgetary proposals for the upcoming financial year are designed to achieve growth that will break the bonds of economic stagnation that has been holding back the country and the people. The two previous budgets he noted have built the foundation to cause best transformation. Prime Minister told Parliament that government's restructuring of the economy has helped to put St Lucia on a strong financial footing and as a result, the island has regained the confidence of business people and investors, locally and internationally. Citizen safety remains an area of urgency for the government of St Lucia. This is evident in the government's medium-term development plan for 2019-2022. In there is a strategy to strengthen capacity for investigation and prosecution. Prime Minister Shastney revealed in his budget presentation that the Forensic Lab is already working through the backlog of cases needed to provide evidence in pending criminal cases. Similarly, the reopening of the Niagara Criminal Court has resulted in 25% of old cases being cleared with the target of 70% of backlog cases being cleared by year-end. To culminate the celebrations and activities for Youth Month, the Department of Youth Development and Sports will host an awards ceremony to recognise young persons for their achievements during the past year. The nominations committee has shortlisted 30 young leaders. These awards 2019 will be held at the Financial Centre on Saturday, April 28th, 2019. This has been your Midday News Brief. Thank you for watching.