Welcome, everyone, and thank you for joining us here at the Mechanics Institute. I'm Laura Shepherd, Director of Fund Events, and we would like to thank you for joining us for our program with Richard Brownlee for his new book, Garden Neighborhoods of San Francisco, the Development of Residence Parks, 1905 to 1924. Before we begin, I'd like to find out how many of you are new to the Mechanics Institute. We have all members here, or friends, wonderful. If you are new or if you would like to bring up friends who's new, please tell them to come Wednesday and do the tour of our library and Mechanics Institute building. The librarians will give you a great history background and also the great tour of the library and the chest room and everything you have under one roof. Also, today's talk will be followed by a Q&A with you, our audience, and then Richard Brownlee's book about sailing and sailing afterwards. So, between 1905 and 1924, in these 36 San Francisco Residence Parks, such as St. Francis, Wood and Seekwood, were planned with a few years of living and a little bit in a park environment. This historic book combines architecture, landscape, urban design, and also the greening of our cities, and so there's no better topic to be speaking about today. Richard Brownlee is a historic preservation consultant, evaluating hundreds of buildings and sites for federal and state agencies and local organizations. He is the author of three books, including San Francisco's Westportal Neighborhoods for the Images of America series, and also St. Francis Wood. He is the current president of the Northern California Chapter of Society of Architectural Historians and also the board member of the Western Neighborhoods Project for 20 years. So, we'd like to welcome Richard Brownlee to tell us all about our neighborhood. Thank you. I'd like to be here. I've never actually been in the Mechanics Institute as a member, but it's a very, very old institution. It's done a lot of good work. I'm very happy to be here, and I know it's a high involvement audience. You guys know a lot of that history, and so you would probably even hope I won't put you to sleep or be something interesting, maybe something that you aren't aware of. So, what is a resident's heart? It's a term that was popular in the early 20th century, but it kind of fell out of favor. It really wasn't used after a while. But the concept was to bring sort of the feeling of living in the country, but we were still in the city, in this case San Francisco. So, there's some characteristics of a resident's heart, at least in San Francisco. This is the goal. This is what people developed. So, they would often have a picture as streets, curving streets, to attach single-family houses. That was really a very important feature of all of these. There was setbacks from the sidewalk and sign setbacks. So, they would be moved for landscaping. There are custom designs by architects, at least at first, the first few years. This is very unusual in San Francisco and even anywhere in the world to have, in this case, there's 7,500 houses where ultimately built. Almost all of those by architects. Not that that means it's necessarily good, but in this period of time, I think when you see these houses, they're all very well designed and well made. As I said, landscaping was very important to all of them. And some of them had their own little parks or playgrounds. So, again, you wouldn't have to go far to get that kind of recreation. They all were very important. They had to have transit downtown. They were not built for super rich that could commute by carriage or private automobile. These were people that worked in downtown. It was no remote work. So, you had to go into the office. So, transit was very important. But there were people who could afford a custom house or at least a single-family house. So, they were professional businessmen in other professions. I'm going to talk a little bit about that later. And then they all had deeded restrictions that when you bought the block, you're not allowed to, well, you could not be, and the terms vary depending on development, but you couldn't be African-American or Asian. Or you couldn't rent theirs as well. And it was written into the deed. So, that's a private enforcement. It wasn't the city that decided this. This wasn't a zoning thing. This was a de-restriction done by the developers. There was this common nationwide for these residence parts, which was a nationwide phenomenon. But also, this kind of discrimination was common at the time in other developments that were now residence parts. So, they were not the only ones doing this unfortunately. So, here's where we have San Francisco before the idea of residence parts. You know, very dense city, an Italian city with no greenery, no street trees. And the impetus for the residence parts was to give people an alternative from this sort of living. And where are you going to do this? You need more land to do these residence parts because you've got detached houses. It takes more land. And so, at the turn of the century, what this map is dated 1900, the western half of San Francisco, as you can see, there's almost no streets. And there was something out there. This was the future Sunset Richmond. And actually, the future Golden Gate Park, which was vacant. And so, you'll see most of the residence parts are built in some part of the western part of San Francisco. This is sure as you, in case you didn't believe me, that there were said, you know, it seems incredible now. But the bunch of this area looked like this. This is Laguna Honda Hospital around 1906. It's had a series of different buildings over this very long history. And I just show this because this shows the Twin Peaks here, which have no trees. And this is Sutra's Forest, which I'm sure you all know about. You know, Sutra is tree planting in the 1880s. And it's quite dramatic here. And I mentioned transit to downtown. So when the Twin Peaks tunnel was built, this was a huge moment in the development of San Francisco. Because you remember after 1906, the city was desperate to see leaders. Desperate to regain the population at most of the East Bay, in many cases in a former residence park, too, because the East Bay was ahead of us in this concept. Anyway, so transit's very important. This is Westportal in 1917. But the very first residence park in San Francisco is Presidio Terrace in 1905. And this, in a way, set the model for the future of residence parks. At least that's what developers hope to achieve. But this is unusual in a couple of ways. It was designed from the beginning for millionaires. Presidio Terrace is going to be a rich man's, rich person's place. And the streets are privately owned. And I know you probably heard about a few years ago. The residents didn't know that they were supposed to pay property taxes on their streets. And it was sold to somebody else to take that through. And there are gates. To Presidio Terrace, which never used to be closed in my lifetime, but they still sort of keep them open. It could be a gated community. And the streets aren't owned by the association. And the fact that it was designed really for the super wealthy is a little bit unusual for residence parks in San Francisco. But the idea of this detached houses in a really lush environment is this was the model. And it's sold slowly until after 1906. And then, of course, everything so much more quickly. The house on the left is the, I think you recognize it is, the then mayor of Einstein's house and the senator. But before that, it was owned by a builder, Fernando Nelson. He actually built it. Well, he had it, but he didn't build it. He hired architects. But in any case. So I mentioned that the residence parks are on the west side of San Francisco. And this is becoming my life's work to talk about residence parks. So I had known about some of them before. And I thought, how many are there? Because I keep running into more and more. So I got a publisher interested in the idea of doing a book about it. So as I mentioned, I found 36 and we mapped them out. And the book is kind of a planning history of where they had ended up, who designed and what happened to them. How did they, just a lot of people know that they don't know they're in a residence park or it doesn't look like it. But it was going to be or should have been or was trying to be anyway. But they were in the west, although they were also even in the marina and in Visitation Valley, which has a site like, I grew up there and I had no idea that there was a site of a residence park in Visitation Valley, which Visitation Valley has been a lot of things, but it's never been a residence park. Anyway, even like you said, so the residence parks were kind of promising things you couldn't get unless you were very well. There's quiet streets, landscaping, detached houses. This is the second matter I was mentioning. Oh, too loud. Okay, forgot your name. Yes. A dramatic views. This is a secret before the trees and before other houses. If you stand there now you can't see the Golden Gate quite like that, but at the time you could. And it's quite dramatic, of course, to be able to look there. And of course, there's no bridge because this is about 1916. Marine views. And when I read the ads, they would often talk about marine views. And I thought, well, I didn't know that. I don't think you can see the ocean from there, but you can. And they interpreted marine view as any look. If you could see the ocean from anywhere in the track. This is Ashbury Terrace, which is a very lovely, small track. And there is a view of the Golden Gate from some of these houses. I'm standing on someone's stairs at this point just to get this photo. But the people in the house across the street in the back must have great, fantastic views. Cine views. This is a very odd Ashbury park. One that also tried to become a resident's park. But sitting views, or selling features, private parks. There's only only a couple of them to be able to do this. Because it takes land that you otherwise could not sell lots on. So for the developer to do this. Entrance portals, you see this a lot. They almost all have some kind of statuary brick. Stuck up some kind of entrance. To let you know that, hey, this is going to be a nice neighborhood right now. It might be sand. It might be nothing here, but streets. But trust us, we're going to be putting some money in to make this a good neighborhood. Even sculptures, even in one case, is sundye. This is an equal sign terraces. And if you're familiar with that part of town, you know, the western half of San Francisco is not exactly known for the sun. But here we have a sundial. And it's clear it was a promotional thing. You can go online to the western neighborhoods project website. And there's a bunch of stories about when this was dedicated. But again, this is something you wouldn't find if you were, you know, going in the western edition trying to find a house. You know, a row of houses. There's any wrong with the western edition row of houses. But this is different. Even Crocker Amazon, which is out way out of mission. And it's really for working class houses. It's not an expensive development. But they had this pergola at the entrance, which lasted about maybe 20 years or so, 15 years. It's not there now, but the street is still wide. And now, recently, TVW put some lines here. Founders. St. Francis Wood has the most found ones per capita, I think. It has three order of function features. Again, an area that you don't really need the cooling function. Wonderful. But, you know, it's a very nice grand thing. I might add, that fountain is a duplicated one in the East Bay of the same developer who used Mason with that. Duncan McDowee. And it got hit by a car on the one in Berkeley. So that's his repair. When I was doing the book on St. Francis Wood, it did get hit while I was doing the book, but we had a photo before. So custom house designs I mentioned. This is a C-clip. You'll see the curved street here. But then, after these were all launched, it was just around before World War I. It was a great anticipation. And during the First World War, the wars really killed the real estate business in actually nationwide. Even before the United States got into the war, it crossed a lot of financial difficulties. So they kind of struggled through World War I. And then in the 20s, the developers realized, listen, we're asking too much of people to not only buy a lot, but then find an architect or find somebody to contract. And then you have to finance it yourself. Some people could do it, but that's asking a lot. So by the 20s, almost all the developers went to a different model where they either had a standardized design for the track and still architect design that you would just change the chronicle to give you some variety. This is St. Mary's Park, which is laid out on Mission Street. On the grounds of the much older St. Mary's College, the original St. Mary's College of 1860s. Anyway, so as I mentioned, 36 projects. There were 14 different developers. Usually, by today's standards, very much one on top. Very small. There's companies, public and traded, limited capital. But they employed a track or supervising architects. So the architect would make sure that whatever was being built was co-design that met the designs of the residence park. As I mentioned, there are dozens of architects involved. Two landscape architects, the Olmstead brothers, the famous sons of the Olmstead of Central Park, and a firm that was very influential for about 100 years or more. And Mark Daniels is a local boy. He was very, very involved in a lot of these things. Quite a character. And I have more to say about him later. I mentioned lots of architects as rare, initially custom houses. And then they realized that wasn't really going too well. So they would give you free plans by the track. If you bought a lot, they would build some houses on speculation so you could just see the house. And I mentioned track designs. And I should back up. Initially, selling you a lot and having you do the rest sounds like you're asking a lot now. But what they were doing was selling you a completely improved lot. All the streets were in, the sidewalks, all the utilities were in. And that was the turn of the century that was unusual for the developer to do that. Many times, the property owner had to pave the street either themselves or slip the cost of the city and utility to do that. So this was all done. So this was an improvement. But then even then, it wasn't quite enough to get people to the totally subscribe to these residence boards. I'm going to just go through a very brief rundown of some of the different architectural styles. And start by saying that the residence parks have, there's no required style that they have at all. You could build in any style as long as you follow the setbacks and landscaping requirements. And usually it couldn't be more than two stories. It had to be single family. And so people asked their architects to build what was popular at the time, which is generally sort of this period revival. Historical styles were very popular now. This is after the Torian. The Spanish colonial is maybe the most popular of all the residence parks. And it was in California to a large extent. But you see US colonial style as well. Some tutor or at least some wood stuck in the stucco to make it look like tutor. Now, I am not being, I shouldn't be a physician because as these architects really did a good job, they were trained in a classical way or a traditional way. And these are all usually very good designs in terms of the plant, the program, circulation and whatnot. And there are no pure styles. These are all influenced by historical styles. And it was up to the customer, you know, to really improve the specific plan. So you see a lot of variety. Some French craftsmen. Of course, that was a very popular at that time period. So you see some craftsmen as well in the residence parks. And then this, what's getting architecturally historical here. This first day tradition, which is not so easy to define. But if you think of Bernard Maybeck and sort of a fusion of different influences of crafts, sort of English cottage, even an Asian Japanese influence in some of these. And so there are, there is a rich mixture of styles. This is just for people to recognize some of the architects that were active in residence parks. It's a who's who of all the notable Bay Area architects at the time.  There was, which it was, there was just less of everything. There was really no environmental or planning or land use of really of any kind. There was no affordability requirements. There was no anti-discrimination rules. There was no public involvement. You didn't have the 300 foot fire neighbor. I never found any law students that caught at all. So there was, any delay was just based on economics and, you know, of the developer. But they took all the risk and they were incredibly fast because they usually could build these from buying rural land to, you know, building the first house in maybe three years and put all the streets and everything. You didn't have to submit a plan, a subdivision plan to the city. And the streets had to meet certain requirements. So you couldn't just do any old thing you wanted, but it's a good sense. But the city was very eager and welcomed and loved these developments because the developers were doing what the city considered very high class housing. These were really model communities. The city wanted to recover and get the population back from the East Bay and grow. So they were not, they were sort of acting hand in glove. I didn't find any corruption thing that, at least none of the papers. This is the time of the chief engineer, O'Shaughnessy and Mayor Rolf. And they were a team. They were sort of good government types and sort of a clean after the scandals of the previous administration too. But anyway, and they worked with the developers. These were the bigger ones. Baldwin and Hal did a big old line firm and they started us off here with Procedure Terrace. But they also meant it, which is kind of strange, Mission Terrace, which is all the same as they have now that's sort of like a whole park. They were certainly designed for the working class. These are modest house houses. And then they also did Westwood Park, which is sort of a middle class house. So they did a variety of projects on and around. As well as sell to some of these other developers, and I'm not going to read the list here, but these were what I would call the professional developers. They did what they were doing. Then there were the family-run businesses, which also knew what they were doing, but they weren't quite as sophisticated and they did a lot of work themselves. Fernando Nelson and son, I'm sure you've heard of that name. I don't see along the shaking heads, but a Victorian builder built my homes in the Mission and then he became a successful invulnerator. We also purchased his parks business and launched a couple of them. Joseph Leonard from actually from Almeda, he was an architect and a builder. He was responsible for the sundial and Inglesine terraces. And then the third group of what I'm calling the amateurs, these were new to the real estate game. They generally were rich men, entrepreneurs, they call themselves capitalists. I proud capitalists because they had capital money that they could invest in things and they had usually a lot of business interests and they got into these residence parks. This was the thing to do. So one of them was a millionaire son, Jordan Hart, a cattle rancher in Merritt Terrace, which is now part of Westportal. I have a dasher and Claremont court, which is now Westportal. Even the Archdiocese of San Francisco was a developer of St. Mary's Park. They actually went to their archives and the mortgages are held, the mortgages are held by the Archdiocese. And then sewing machine sales went in several developments here, which is sort of loosely now part of Forest Hill Extension.  Here he is, Charles Hawkins. I'm sure this is a household household thing. I saw his name in ads for years and I didn't really know who he was. He's quite a character. And he was doing things. He started off hustling pool in Texas and he became a Texas ranger that didn't work out. I'm sewing machine salesman. He was quite successful in that.  Does anyone know that truck? And he evidently developed himself with a very good axle, was very strong, and it gave white trucks an advantage for many years. But then World War II came and he couldn't sell his lamb so he got into the munitions business and moved to Ohio making guns for the allies. And then I mentioned the truck thing. A banker always had some interest in a small magazine, right? And then real estate developer.  Wow. And now the reason we know so much about him, thanks for asking, is that there's a moral history of his granddaughter. Even moral history in its innocence is the one. Most of these guys, I don't have a lot of culture because there's nothing, they didn't leave any records, there's no diaries, there's no letters, you know, whatever. So we know a little bit about him. And this is, I'm going to just do a couple of visit elements. This is the one that is now called part of Forest Hill Extension but it actually started out in 1914. It was going to be Belle Portale Park. Now they all have a park or a terrace. And I took me a while to figure out he even, not quite hyphenated, but he has a space between the four and the tall. And it was because he thought and they thought that the tunnel, these tunnels were going to end at Forest Hill Station and not just the station. So it was going to be the first new portal to get in. So again, he kind of copied what they were doing in Forest Hill and across the street to be earned and landscaping as pillars with, you know, planted plants on it. Well, the timing was bad. I hope we mentioned World War I came along and he couldn't get off the ground with this and he became an initiative worker. But he held on to the land. Then after World War I, things were booming in the 20s. You know, the early 20s, it used to be a TV show or something. I was too young, I can't remember that, but they really were the early 20s for real estate. It's not in San Francisco, California, each morning. So we got on, trying to unload this property now, renamed it Laguna Honda Park. Again, Park's in the title, but it's near Laguna Honda Hospital. And there was Laguna Honda Boulevard. So we kind of used that name there, Laguna Honda. But at this point, it's Hawkins Improvement Company. So he is the owner, but he is selling lots to whoever the builders come and get. He wasn't building all the houses. And it's just too much really for a small firm. But it still was going to maintain this detached houses and the look of the residents' park. Now, this is a kind of, it's a little bit of a park in his development. It's really a leftover triangle, triangular piece of land that wasn't built on the residents in the 20s. I got together and built, sort of landscaped it themselves. And they built this monument to one of the residents there. His son died in Gwongwong Mountain World War II. And he built this monument to his son. This is in 2008. And it had fallen into disuse, as you can see. This neighborhood doesn't have do's like some of them. St. Francis Wood has mandatory do's that must pay sort of like mandatory aid. And they use the money to keep up the price. It varies across the residents' parks. This one really doesn't have that. But I'm proud to say that the neighbors got together and worked with the Department of Public Works. And they chipped in some dough. And they fixed it up and restored it. They didn't restore the fountain because it's just plumbing. We have plumbing as well. Water running. So we did get the fountain running. But they did a great job. And that's true of many of these residents' parks today. They have kind of a community spirit, whether or not they have do's. And many of them realized that they lived in a special place. And they wanted to chipped it in and work together to maintain it. So we're almost there again. I want to talk a little bit about one of the landscape architects that was involved in some of the residents' parks. He was, if you believe this resume, and I guess if we do, there's been a lot of work about it. He was very active in the state of California, not just San Francisco. I kind of started on the East Bay. He worked in several of the residents' parks. He did not lay out the streets for C. Cliff, or St. Mary's Park. You see that? On the web, that's not true. He did it garden in C. Cliff, but he didn't lay out the streets. But he didn't sign the streets, the curved streets, since we were still the very curvy streets. They were so curvy, they didn't need the city's requirements, they didn't need to be maintained until the 70s. The residents wanted to unload the streets to anyone here from Florida's County, where I could go on. It's no secret. They wanted the city to take the extensive takings and that over. But anyway, he was a, he does a lot of, what I'm going to call this, those art designs, curved, what's a curved circles, curved streets. In fact, he was asked to do a design for Lake Merced. This is 1916. So he's got a street, a road, a brand. I should use the French word for it. It's very French inspired. A grand boulevard, going all the way across Lake Merced to be a bridge here, you know, and then whoops, whoops, the round point. Can you see the round point in French? Say again? Yeah. And when they used that word, when they were doing these designs, I'm not making this up. But anyway, when they came up this, so many plans for Lake Merced that came to nothing. But he was asked to do that. Then he was asked to take over the former exposition grounds in the opposite of 1915. It was a temporary thing. But it was very popular. And you know, it was man-made, it was popular enthusiasm for keeping some of the buildings or monuments from the fair of the house of fine artists. But they're also going to keep two other things. This call of progress tower thing. Sorry for the bad photo. I think I have a better one coming up. Anyway, he was asked to look at that. What could you do? Listen, I can handle this. This is a great guy. I can handle this. So his first design, this is a marina by Cortez. So is the round point, round point, all points. I can. All those used in French for that thing. But anyway, so you just put it very axially. You know, there's kind of a character. You're going to be axially. Four boards that lead to something and here's a building that's going to be maintained in the street. You have an axial road going to the Palace of Fine Arts.  Well, the line was owned by many different property owners. And, you know, they didn't have the vision. I should always say, this is too ambitious. Too much. Can we, just look at the top view for a minute. It was revised and kind of made less grandiose. We still have a curved street or semi-circular. And we have all these arrows pointing to things so that we would have the, something to look at. But even that could be too much for at least half the property owners. Because as you look at the one on the bottom, you have a remnant of Daniel's design of this curved street. And I was always curious what he's this curved this way. So it's half of his design. At least the streets part were maintained. It's not a residence park. It didn't have any of the restrictions. You see apartments and flats and houses and everything else. So there's no landscaping. There's no setbacks like a residence park. But it's part of the street design that survived, but only part. Unfortunately, the part that needs to cost fine arts, you know, this was the main thing that the city saved in 1915 because everyone loved it so much. And then it was falling down and in the early 60s, again, the city actually devoted money as well as, I can't remember his name, who loved it too and gave a lot of his money. It was rebuilt. And it's been rebuilt again. So this is a big deal. Now it's the size of a lot of cars raking. But we love it. And this was a big deal. This is a very unusual thing to have in San Francisco. It's such a grand thing that is just for looks. There's no function. We sort of had to explore time in the back for a few years. Okay, so we want to really capitalize on this. We want to have a grand street that leads up to it. So you know you're arriving at something that's a destination. All we have is, we don't have that because this part of the marina, they just extended the grid, the western addition grid on the same scale, the same plan, and they ignored it and said it wasn't there. So you can't even, walk and a half away. The trees don't help. Even if the trees weren't there, they would never do this in France. Or anywhere. Or maybe even Washington DC.  So we're moving to residence parks. This is always a hot issue. And at the time I mentioned you know, presidents of local businesses, vice presidents, a lot of doctors and lawyers, not the super rich. There were many first-time homeowners who were living in a rental, some place. It's hard to find data like this, but I looked through a lot of newspaper listings on what they were going to ask, you know. You can sometimes find where they lived before and where the West British and what was in the flat, you didn't see that. So you can see it was achieving this goal of having a home ownership. Clearly very design for families, all the guys talking about a good place to raise kids and you know, the good marine air for the kids, or you know, the quiet streets. And again, only whites, no African-Americans or Asians until really the 60s. I'm sure you can have questions about that later, so maybe I'll talk about that then. But, and I always get this question, Jews were okay. There was no prohibition in the deans. Prohibiting Jews as opposed to other parts of the country that did. Now there could have been informal steering away, but you know, there wasn't any deans. And so what do we get from all of this effort? It's I'm saying a gift to the city. There's about, my rough count, maybe 7,500 houses that were built in this time period.  They are exclusive but not the super rich. Because I give an example of their secret, which is it is the super rich. And now thanks to everybody, everybody seems to have more money than they used to. But these neighborhoods have long-term stability. You'd be surprised you really don't see any that are really run down. Even if they don't have the homeowners association to kind of help things along. And there was a period in the 60s and 70s when they did get run down, particularly St. Francis Wood. And the residents got together and said, we've got to keep this place up a good. It's the plumbing and the landscaping unit raised the dues. And they didn't. It's kind of a ramp sense. So the reason why this is sort of important historically is that after this we kind of went back to the grid. This is a post-war Sunset District. With a lot of rows of houses, more or less I don't want to be too much kind to the same design. When you actually get and walk down the streets you do see a little more variety than this photo suggests. But these were done. This is affordable housing. This is post-war affordable housing. Low-down payments. A lot of small houses, thousands square foot, two bedroom, which now we could think, oh, I want that. But it was definitely affordable and it definitely helped with the housing needs. And then I should add many of the features of residence parts that's attached to housing setbacks gradually in the 20s and just part of FHA requirements. So there wasn't a need for the developer to write a D in the sale of the property to do this. It became more of a city function to plan communities. So that concludes my talk on the residence parts. Now I do have people I'm sure the most important part of the show is just about to start. Well, my book is available in the back. But my next book is going to be about the 15-year-old Portrero Drive which was a Spanish trail linking Michigan divorce to Daly City. Trust me on this, I've done a lot of work on this. I can prove it. It was like a secondary road because everyone knows about you know, San Jose Avenue of Peace. The main road. But here it is. It's coming, we're looking at sort of the streets and the roads coming over to Michigan Delores is right here. So it came over here connection to about 1930. I don't take too much time. It was a total of the 1860s leading to the resorts. There were two resorts by Lake Merced and the old race track. Not the side race track. This was the one before that. Upper market was extended in the 20s kind of in Cortola. This is 1946. I can't believe there's not that much houses up there. There was a narrow road. This is upper market going into Cortola. And then of course the white end of the 50s. This was an alternative to build a freeway over 20s. But this was quite controversial and I looked up I couldn't believe it but the department building section if you ask them a way with the right references they found in many cases the apartments to move these houses and where they ended up and they ended up all over San Francisco where there was a vacant lot. So I was fascinated by that. So that's going to be in the book. This is just the beginning of Cortola Drive in 20s in 1969. So anyway, now that concludes my talk. One more thing, one last thing I'm getting the word here. If you're interested in the Cortola Drive book, I'm asking if you would want to leave your name and email and I can let you know when the book is out or any information. So thank you. Thank you to open this up to your questions. You can find and ask a question. Please raise your hand if I'll come and come to you with a microphone. Here you go. Hi. I was wondering how they coordinate the public transit with the building. Which was the chicken and which was the egg? Because I know a lot in 1905 all the cable car companies were private. They had been the municipal transit. So each company would talk to the developer and say we're going to put a cable car line out here when you develop, before you develop or after. Well, the best I'll talk about what I know when we do know you know the Twin Peaks was talked about for many years like it was early in 1909, 1910 and there was a lot of posterism that you know the neighborhood associations and the mission were easier to get a road and get a transit over to open up the West Twin Peaks. At the same time this land came available, Sutro died as well as probated enough that they could sell the land. So the developers knew that the tunnels were heard that the tunnels were going to be built and they sort of took I guess a bit of a risk in thinking that the tunnel would be built to open up the area around West Portal for development. In fact the ad said you know by now because once the tunnel is open these prices are going to not come alas they're going to triple the price once the tunnel opens. So it was kind of an informal thing it wasn't it wasn't deliberately planned but there was clearly the tunnels going to be built. Some of the other ones if it's just really up to the developer to say it's near enough to an existing line that they could take a chance like the C-Cliff which was held pretty far out there but there was already transit on California on the Geary that wasn't there from the private companies. Question in the front. So he said there were 36 I think 36 were actually built. So there were 36 that were planned about half of them were built that resemble the residence art. So there were many that never remember the program. There's houses covering this area where it would have been on residence art but it wasn't developed as it was. So 36 were planned and about half of them were built. So those that were built were more or less exact or similar than the other interesting culture. No, it's kind of amazing but there's a tremendous amount of integrity that can change all these houses are pretty much as old as it's built. Having said that if there was a vacant lot you might see a new 50's house or a 60's house or in some cases in St. Francis would there were lots that were split and you'll see a new house built. But generally there's a tremendously high degree of integrity and most of these parts were 59 as it started just before the war on slow period, rapid period in the 20's and there was still that to the 30's. So by war or two most of these were built now. Questions here? Sort of back to the first question related to transit on a different topic that is automobile ownership became common and certainly for this I guess class of economic class of people what were the provisions for parking specifically garages and how did they accommodate the garages were they attached to the units or were they detached and did they place them into like alleys what was the configuration? That's a great question and I'll answer it so the residence parts were very dependent on public transit to get going but it also coincided with automobile abuse and then cars getting cheaper and more reach of more people. So the streets initially many of the houses didn't have the provision for cars really but it also at the same time there was a knowledge that these cars need to do something with them. They're very important. So some of them have rear alleyways so that the unsightly car garages them back. Then some have a garage that's detached you know you come to the main street outside driveway and there's a garage in the back so you don't see it so well. So you can see a lot of detached houses and garages or garages in the rear and then some garages even that are cut through in the front. It codes right, it's right in that time when the car becomes more popular at the same time these areas are lower density than say the west addition so you could work on the street too and at the same time transit is important but these are areas that are on the edge of San Francisco and even to this day car ownership is higher there because people just drive into downtown because otherwise they'd have to use the beauty. Thanks for laughing So it's an interesting thing to see how they try to accommodate that accommodate the car in a resident's car where you wouldn't want to see the car if you want to. Question In the last few years there have been very successful attempts to both statewide and locally to eliminate zoning regulations to eliminate historic preservation and to eliminate environmental review throughout the whole state and especially sadly in one issue for supervisors in San Francisco What impact do you think this will have on these developments? So you bring up a good point and I always forget someone in San Francisco keeps saying Richard we have no single family zoning anymore in the state of California with the auxiliary dwelling unit So every law can have two units so there is no single family zoning period Now to your question about whether increasing the dense efforts to increase density will threaten me to start in Asia most of these residents parks So I know this is being recorded and strained and everything else I don't think it's going to have a huge impact for many reasons just the cost of acquiring these properties and then somehow putting another big unit on them is that the first one out of the state would try to make it much easier and there's a lot of requirements about minimal outsides so I don't see a huge amount but who knows and there's still if it's a historic district if it's listed on the National Register then so far it's exempt from San Francisco what's Jennifer that of the original 36 residents parks in San Francisco how many still have neighborhood associations and feel themselves as an entity but I don't know that's a good question I don't think there's that many well there's degrees so even if they don't have a neighborhood association that collects news like for example with the fountain that they restored they certainly feel like they're in a neighborhood and they feel that they're in a special community but I don't have a percentage for you but I think many of them do it's just that there are legal structure varies from very very strong to very weak but a lot of them have associations websites it's hard to say but I think there's a lot of feeling that they're in a special neighborhood do you have a favorite residents park oh I love them all I love them all well actually I'm in a residents park I live in one so have you ever heard of Claremont Court no but it's part of it's part of Westport there is racial exclusions for many of these residents parks and in the sixties it's probably to change the life also to live I guess but you tell us more about that and also to move to pull up their map this is great I think you can hear the question this is a very brief overview of a very complicated subject but it was you could legally discriminate up until let's see up until 1917 the municipality could discriminate then that was declared illegal by the Supreme Court so you couldn't have a municipal discrimination which could still have private discrimination until 1940 the Supreme Court said you can't have you cannot enforce these deeds that restrict certain people on the basis of race from buying there because to do so you would have to go to court and have the deed enforced and if you go to court then you're using the state to enforce discrimination then state discrimination is illegal okay so that's I'm honest although not too much where it happened but then in 1964 we're created California passed the Jefcy Honorary Civil Rights Act and that is a hearing for the federal that made it illegal for private discrimination you couldn't you know how much a castle you can sell to everyone that became illegal at that point but again that's just the law you could still inform discriminate which went on for I don't know how many years or so but it's no longer legal you can't oh and then I do have a demographic thing here this is but it's demographic of some of the reasons parks and I'll just let you read that over because it's kind of hard to read all of these things but you know it's still so the San Francisco numbers are left so at this time 40% of San Francisco is white and then you see the percentages across the top so it's still pretty much white and see clip to very low emission tariffs and then we sort of average and you can just see the numbers so it's certainly more next than it was in 1912 it's wherever they answer the question oh it could be you know I don't know Richard I have a couple questions first of all I'm wondering which of these projects was involved with were several architects working together on a design or was it one particular architect that was featured between proposals okay let me take your second question oh well so yes Julie Morgan was involved in several of the residents' parks in St. Francis Wood I don't know how many enjoyed the park I'm not sure but it was still and then another one I don't think there were a lot of designs in several of these parks Westwood Park she did hundreds of designs Lincoln Manor as well the developer liked her and used her a lot and produced the track architect so she's the one and then when it worked for other male architect most famously Henry Gutterson was actually a Berkeley architect who was the tracks architect for St. Francis Wood and his firm hired one and so it kind of slides into your next question so you'll see in Prince St. Francis Wood there's about 83 designs that are credited to Henry Gutterson but it's really the firm so other than this his name was on it the principal's name goes on on the plans and other people are doing a lot of design work but he's looking it over and they know what kind of work he does so we don't know in many cases what you really did and some of these other people work but there's a great book by it's terrible Women Architects of the Bay Area came out a few years ago and Inga Horton wrote it and she did a tremendous job of tracking down all the women architects who worked for other women architects like a lot of women worked for Judy Morgan for her firm as one of them so she traces all that but it's a great if you're interested in the subject it's quite an extensive it's really and also these are historic land are they deemed as historic landmarks and in yes what kind of adaptation or limitations to adaptation are required for these locations so some listed on the National Register of our historic districts and in historic districts you the exterior changes are a tightly limited you do additions in the back that don't show them you can do anything you want inside blow it up do anything you want, tear the walls out someone was mentioning earlier about the public there's a nice woodwork inside a lot of the Westwood part houses there's no protection for those at all even if it wasn't a historic district so people get all excited about I have to control my house well first of all this is me you don't have control over your house anyway whether it's a historic or not city planning has tremendous control over into your house anyway so if it's a historic district it's more tightened and you have to go through permits and windows at the beginning don't show them the place the windows just saying it saves you a lot of money put drapes over them if you're worried about the energy loss don't worry don't do that I will, can I just do one more thing now because this is a lot of people don't know if you go on the planning department's website you can look at the properties and they have maps and quite quickly I want to start the city has designated many many many neighborhoods has eligible historic districts under the California Registry eligible so they have never been designated that by any people or supervisors they've been planning for a historic preservation commission but planning considers them to be historic so if you wanted to replace your windows put an addition in the front or do anything they will subject you to the California Environmental Quality Act CQA even if you are not in an anticipated district so that's just the San Francisco record anyone else have a question in the back? I got very interested in the subject through the idea that an architect is famous as Antonio Gaudi would design houses for a project like this but the idea that was particularly interesting about that to me was that they wanted people to be able to have gardens or even little sort of truck farms and give them enough land so that they could sustain themselves and I wondered to what extent was that a factor in any of these projects here and is it still at all? Is there a farming aspect? There was only a farming aspect during World War I when they couldn't sell lots and they were encouraging people to have victory gardens for Amazon but no, in fact you couldn't do any animal type of peasantry in your area was forbidden to do any agriculture work I mean you could have a garden I can suppose it would improve vegetables but no chickens, nothing like that you definitely not we don't want to see any sheds and hay and stuff we're going to live in a park Richard I have another question related to mechanic sisters wondering if Martin Matthews and his wives who had a store they would build all the the built-ins so I'm wondering about the interior design of these homes and if Matthews was involved of course he was involved during so it's a 1915 family civic festival exposition and also Martin Matthews beautiful mural and painting is down and on locking so anyway was there an involvement of the interior design as far as I can tell it was just up to the architect the design's belly to the interior if they did anything other than you know a fireplace or something there aren't built-ins though it's an area that I really don't know too much about but this Martin Matthews there's a mural in the plane at the library which is to start by the way another question yes I wonder if there are any tours to some of these places that also go inside very very rarely do we get to go inside it's very rare there are tours of the outside and I think even getting rarer I couldn't make a plug though for the Northern California chapter of the Society of Architectural Historians which I am the president which is a very long name but we do do two tours a year and sometimes we don't try but it's and the only limit is very people our members so it's very it's very typical but I know the Victorian Alliance does tours house tours I don't know they do they do so it happens it can occur this will be our last question to the fans because we want to have time for everyone to take a look at the book last question yes when I talked to some people who lived in San Francisco the first part of the 20th century they said that San Francisco one of the veins of living here was sand the sand blew all the time and it was constantly sweeping the houses out and that the houses on the near the parade ground and Presidio actually were all turned away from the ocean because the housewives were complaining that all they ever did was sweet sand so I was wondering when they're building all these residents part there's still a lot of community lots in San Francisco so how do they deal with that plant eucalyptus or what well they never mentioned not the Indiana lots of sun no it was an issue you know in the 18th 19th century downtown San Francisco the sand thing going all over and it's you know I didn't really uh San Francis Wood was overrun by opers and and there was a vegetable farm across the street sort of tuned for Sarah and slowed and at one time they had flies came in the house which is not the book by the way but I did yeah you know you think there would be more income but they didn't do anything obvious to block the sand like they didn't build the plant rows of trees particularly on the edge of it so it's a good question we're back we want to thank Richie Granny for this wonderful talk very informative and expansive in the garden neighborhoods of San Francisco thank you for joining us


The granitic rocks in Gabal Elphalic, southeastern desert of Egypt, have been classified into two main groups based on their mineralogy and petrography. The first group consists of Nysos granites with biotite and perthite, while the second group consists of alkali felspar granites with coarser grains. Both groups contain albite, orthoclase, and quartz, but the former also contains accessory minerals like apatite and rutile. The granites have low water absorption and high bulk densities, which makes them suitable for use as dimension stones. However, the granite's compressive strength and abrasion resistance vary depending on the amount of albite and other minerals present. Additionally, the granites expand significantly when heated, making them unsuitable for outdoor applications. This article was authored by El Sayid al-Lashan, Mohamed A. Roshwan, and Muckles K. Asa.


Let's not celebrate the last hundred and fifty years, let's just start celebrating the next one hundred and fifty years. Just leave it alone. You signed, but this will get things going.


All right Job chapter 16 we'll begin reading together at verse one we'll read to verse three and we'll get into our study Job chapter 16 beginning at verse one reading to verse three and I should greet you who are watching online We've got quite a number who are with us right now. We we greet you and bless you and it's great to have you with us So verse one Job 16 Then Job answered and said I've heard many such things miserable comforters are you all Shall words of wind have an end or what provokes you? that you answer and so Job has been openly mourning His situation we've gone, you know now into the 16th chapter and on many occasions as he speaks you see him openly Speaking concerning the pain and grief that he's been suffering and he's been crying out in pain He's been crying out with sorrow He's been crying out with a sense of hopelessness But instead of his friends bringing words of encouragement and comfort they have actually been attacking him They've been saying things like Job you should know better Job your speech is empty You're not showing wisdom You've been speaking unprofitably Remember his friend Alaphaz Alaphaz said in Job chapter 15 verses 12 and 13 Why does your your heart carry you away? And what do your eyes wink at?  So Job is upset. He's upset is his at these men who are his friends Instead of comfort They've been bringing misery with them. That's why he calls them miserable comforters So he says to him i've heard many such things you're acting as if you're telling me new truths deeper insights But the fact is there's nothing new nothing deep nothing profound About what you're saying you act as if your words are are are deep But in fact they're trivial they're actually shallow And and not only that instead of alleviating my pain You're adding to it That reminds me of Proverbs 12 verse 18 Where the writer said there's there's one who speaks like the piercings of a sword But the tongue of the wise promotes health And so he calls them miserable Comforters your words are piercing and not healing Instead of alleviating pain you're adding to it And that's why he said in verse 2 you are miserable comforters all of you are in verse 3 He said shall words of wind have an end? Or what provokes you? That you answer Words of wind when he said words of wind that's another way of saying words that are useless Words that are vain You see Alaphaz had just told job that he was filled with the the east wind he had said that in chapter 15 verse 2 So job now turns this against him. He says the same thing to him When you're going to stop speaking such useless things to me is what job is saying. I've already answered your charges Why are you continuing this argument? In verse 4 he says I could also speak as you do If your soul were in my soul's place I could heap up words against you and shake my head at you If if you were in my place and I were in yours It would be very easy for me to be able to give you advice Seeing that I'm not going through that situation and seeing that I'm not suffering So it's easy to offer advice when you're healthy It's easy to offer advice When you're free of pain It's easy to have wise words When you have no concerns yourself, isn't that true? Sometimes it seems easier for us to give advice than to receive it Sometimes we'll see people going through something and we don't understand why they are And so we think that they brought it upon themselves and we may say things to them without thinking that may harm them And they could turn to us and they can say it's easy for you to say that You're not going through what I'm going through. You're not experiencing what I'm experiencing You're not hurting the way that I'm hurting So how would you understand when you give me your wise advice? So he's saying in verse four if our situation was reversed I could easily speak even as you do You see it is easy to hurt those who are down It is easy to criticize those who are in pain and affliction But doing this isn't the right kind of thing to do and Job is making it very clear. He's saying You're hurting me. You're miserable comforters. You've listened to the pain that I've been expressing I'm speaking of the agony of my soul. I'm being real with you and not pretending. I'm not spiritualizing. I'm letting you know I've lost everything I've lost everything And instead of you bringing words of comfort. You're actually afflicting me with the things that you're saying So if our our situation was reversed It wouldn't be difficult for me to speak even as you do because it's always easy to speak to someone who's sick when you're healthy But I wouldn't do that to you. It's just not right notice verse five I would strengthen you with my mouth in comfort and the comfort of my lips would relieve your grief I wouldn't add to your pain. I try to remove it to the best of my ability I would speak words of comfort to you I wouldn't compound your pain with self-righteous words I would do this Because that would be the right thing to do I would treat you the way that I myself would like to be treated even as jesus later was to say in matthew 7 verse 12 Therefore whatever you want men to do to you do also to them For this is the law and the prophets Or what paul would say in in romans 12 verse 15 Where he said rejoice with those who rejoice But weep with those who weep In first corinthians chapter 12 paul at verse 26 said whether one member suffer all the members suffer with it Or one member is honored all the members rejoice with it Do unto others that you would have them do unto unto you weep with those who weep Learn to rejoice with the ones who rejoice But learn also to sorrow with those who are going through pain I think one of the things that many young believers perhaps a bit immature in their faith Have have to come to realize and to learn over time is that God has called us to be comforters Not only comforters because there are times people are mourning but also rejoicers You know to rejoice with someone when they're blessed. He says sometimes christians seem to have a problem with that That person's being blessed and i'm not god. Why are you mad at me? Sometimes people might say that But what he's calling us to do is to to to live a full life with people to have a full relationship with people So when they're rejoicing we're there to rejoice with them When they're mourning when they're weeping We're there to weep alongside of them as I mentioned to you when we began the book of joe the best Best ministry that they offered joe Was when they came and just sat silently with him The minute they opened their mouth they blew it But as they were seated there next to him and suffering alongside of him That was the best thing that they could do And so he's speaking concerning this and he's simply saying listen if if if our situation was reversed I wouldn't be offering these words like you're offering them to me I would strengthen you. I would give you words of encouragement when he says i'll strengthen you I would encourage you and the comfort of my lips Would relieve your grief I wouldn't be blaming you and you know you've been going through this with me 15 chapters and you've seen much of the The advice that they're giving to him. It's really It's really self-righteous. It's really condemnatory. It's really Unkind and it and it's it's misplaced and and and he's tired and I don't blame him at all for speaking openly in this way And uh, he's just sharing his heart with him in verse 6 though. I speak my grief is not relieved And if I remain silent How am I eased? So it doesn't matter whether I complain it and it doesn't matter if I suffer in silence either way It doesn't matter because no matter what I do I remain in incredible pain And that's what i'm going through right now and as he's begun this chapter in that way from verses 7 through 14 You'll see this uh, he begins to to number his sufferings and he begins to speak and he's speaking by the way out of Exhaustion because in verse 7 he says now he's speaking of god now he has worn me out You have made me desolate You have made desolate all my company You've worn me out I'm afflicted And i'm just tired I'm tired of life When you think about it God You've taken from me my children You've separated my friends From me You haven't given up You didn't give up even after you removed everything that meant anything to me My friends My children The respect of my wife The respect of my community Everything Is gone And I can't take it anymore I give up I haven't any strength To go on Verse 7 he says it. He's worn me out I don't have any strength notice verse 8. He's speaking to god. You have shriveled me up And it is a witness against me my leanness Rises up against me and bears witness To my face My body Has been consumed with sickness And when people look at me The condition of my body seems to prove that somehow i've sinned That's what he means when he speaks of his leanness rising up against him.  He gnashes at me with his teeth. My adversary Sharpens his gaze on me And he's just pouring out his complaint and it's hurt.   He's he's looking at me with anger In verse 10 they gape at me with their mouth. They they strike me reproachfully On the cheek they gather together against me People are treating me with reproach As a matter of fact it seems that they want to do me harm In psalm 22 at at verse 13 it's a similar thought there when the psalmist said They open wide their mouth at me as a ravening and roaring lion These people are treating me in a way that is is caused me great pain. They strike me reproachfully He says on the cheek striking someone on the face was a A great insult. It was a a sign of contempt You know that that that's an ancient thing. I mean even to this day For a for a man to slap another man in the face is a is a high level of contempt and and all and That's why jesus said if someone strikes you on one cheek turn the other Because he was saying when somebody insults you and and reproaches you don't be trying to get retribution immediately And so striking on the cheek is is a sign of contempt lamentations in the old testament chapter 3 verse Says let him offer his cheek to one who would strike him and let him be filled with disgrace And that's what this is and so he's speaking concerning the fact that he has been treated with disrespect reproach They're gathering he says in verse 10 They're gathering together against me These men and it's interesting They're gathering could very well be speaking of these men who have come is his friends. These are people Who are supposed to be his comforters? you know aliphaz and zofar and bill dad these men who traveled good distance apparently to To be there with them to sit with them and all And in fact instead of bringing to him the kind of encouragement that that he would need because he's ill they actually Did the opposite they discouraged him years ago. I went to scotland my wife and I went to scotland We took some people in our church. We did ministry in scotland and we went to a A roadside kind of A roadside stand and and I bought I bought a bratwurst there I'd eaten bratwurst in germany and I liked it And so I went to this particular roadside stand and and And marie got something to eat. I forget what it was filet or something. No, we I don't know what it was But I got bratwurst and and and when I bit into it it didn't taste right And it had that smell that says please don't eat this But I'm one of those people who well it's there. I might as well. So I did And went on the journey we went and did ministry throughout scotland and up into france and all And we got home and then I woke up in a sweat And I got so sick That marie took me to a blood specialist Well, we actually went to a doctor the first doctor misdiagnosed me And gave me a medicine that was making me even sicker and so We went to a second doctor And I still remember it was during the summer and I walked into his office. It was at Pomona Valley Hospital And I I was so sick. I said do you mind if I lay on your floor? And he said go ahead So I just was laying on the floor as he was standing there looking at me and he turns to my wife and he says He's sick. He's got hepatitis And so they hospitalized me. I was put in the hospital for four days With hepatitis And anybody here ever have hepatitis so I know who I'm talking to a soulmate anybody. Yeah, okay That's not a it's you have a hundred and four hundred and five. It's very uncomfortable. You're perspiring It's just a very uncomfortable thing Everything's messed up really badly And so you're in misery. You really are you're sick.  And he sits there next to me and he says I just wanted to come to tell you I'm leaving the church You know and wanted to have a theological debate with me while I was there with hepatitis And I'm smiling and and I said yeah, okay go please please God bless you as you go. And so that happened a couple times there visitors who came to Comfort me by telling me oh, I'm leaving your church So I go home and when I go home, I couldn't sleep in the same room with marie They put me in uh in the front room and when it was little fold out beds and And so I'm now sleeping there trying to get well because it takes a while to get well So somebody who I had been discipling in this church To one day be Somebody of leading in a greater capacity comes and sits on the edge. He was very dear to me I had performed his wedding very dear to me He comes and sits down there and he says I just want you to know I'm leaving the church So I'm just looking at this and so I I should have said miserable comforters Are are you all? Shall words of wind have no end? You know You'll be surprised Or perhaps you wouldn't be At how insensitive People can sometimes be When they think they're counseling you Sometimes they can be insensitive well It gives you greater insight Into the words of our Savior Jesus who said father forgive them. They know not what they what they do And so you can't be angry at these people They're only doing that which they do and I I learned those lessons Many years ago. You know what just trust the lord But what's going on with him right now is so heartbreaking that he's saying these people who are supposedly my friends Have actually not brought me comfort. They've they've hurt me They've they've grieved me and verse 10 when it says they gathered together against me These are my friends. These are the ones who should have been there.  They strike me reproachfully on the cheek and they gathered together against me verse 11 god has delivered me to the ungodly turned me over to the hands of the wicked Now he's not speaking of his friends. He's referring to those in his general area The ungodly who have turned upon him His friends had but but he's speaking concerned in the ungodly in his area. He's saying I'm mocked My friends have abandoned me insulted me They've left me without aid And these were the ones for whom I cared the most and I've been completely deserted In verse 12 I was at ease but he speaking of god But he has shattered me He also has taken me by my neck and shaken me to pieces He set me up for his target I was at peace. I was tranquil. I was prosperous. I was happy things were going well And then I got married. Oh, no, I'm sorry Then I was then I was attacked And look at the picture here.  He says in verse 12 He has set me up for his target In in again in the book of lamentations in chapter 3 verse 12 It reads he drew his bow And made me the target for his arrows He has set me up as a target in verse 13 his archers surround me He pierces my heart and does not pity He pours out my gall on the ground He had said something similar earlier when it says his archers surround me He had said something in Job chapter 6 verse 4 The arrows of the Almighty are within me. My spirit drinks in their poison The terrors of God are arrayed Against me Here's the sad fact those who were my friends Have been used to pierce my heart I'm surrounded by his judgments and his plagues And I'm dying Those who should have been my friends Have broken my heart Once again, I think that's typical every human being Has been hurt by somebody that you love very deeply every one of us has some very deeply But all of us has have been hurt deeply by those that we have loved The psalmist speaks concerning an alpara phrase That the one who turned against him the one who became his enemy was the one he used to go to church with He used to walk to the temple together in the throng This is somebody that I had great fellowship with it wasn't an enemy I could have taken it wasn't somebody who was a foe who was rising up against me. He says, but it was you my friend my friend you know and so That's that that's a heartbreaking situation. This is so human. This is so real It's so powerful because he's speaking about what happens when when when people go through things And instead of having someone who should know better somebody who knows their character somebody who knows their heart somebody knows their life and their love Instead of them coming to say listen, I'll suffer alongside of you. I don't know why you're going through this But I'll be here for you and said they're saying, you know what you sinned man. That's a problem yourself righteous.  That's your problem And and the quicker you repent and and the quicker you admit it The sooner you can get well god will will restore everything to you and all but you need to repent But jobes says I've searched my heart. I haven't done anything I I nothing that I can that I can I can see At least at this moment and that's why he's responding in the way That he's doing he's saying the lord is using me as a target But you guys are breaking my heart. You're my friends. You're like arrows. You're piercing me Notice he says Uh, I'm surrounded. I'm surrounded by his judgments. I'm surrounded by his plagues I'm dying In verse 14. He breaks me with the with wound upon wound. He he runs at me like A warrior His attack on me has been ongoing It's been relentless It's it's like one wave crashing after another it's one blow following another He's a warrior. He's like a giant warrior. He's overpowered me. He's destroying me I'm being I'm being worked in a way. I've never never experienced in my life And he goes on and says in verse 15. I've I've sewn sackcloth over my skin And laid my head in the dust I I This is how I've reacted. I have I've humbled myself Sewing sackcloth my head in the dust are pictures of of of humbling Um, we saw all the way in chapter two verse eight how Job had taken a a piece of broken pottery and and scraped himself with it As he sat among the ashes I I am I've been humiliated And my My pain is open People have seen it He says in verse 16 My face is flushed from weeping And on my eyelids is the shadow of death My face is flushed with weeping my my eyes are swollen. My face is swollen and And I've been crying And and when he says my eyelids on my eyelids is the shadow of death The only thing I can see before me is death. I'm going to die I feel this I feel my body is is slowly but surely Losing its vitality verse 17. Although no violence is in my hands And my my prayer Is pure I haven't done anything to deserve the way that I'm being treated I remain innocent of wrongdoing My heart is is right before God. I haven't turned my back on him I I still pray I still seek him I ask him for help My my friends are saying that I'm a hypocrite But I've remained true to him In verse 18.  Listen your brother's blood cries to me from the ground It's it's a picture of of of A situation of someone who has been murdered Someone who has died and he's saying don't conceal the crime It has to be seen and there needs to be justice that has been done Surely verse 19 even now my witness is in heaven and my evidence is on high I have the witness of men Many of whom would vouch for my goodness I also have the witness of my own conscience That would declare my integrity And though I have these witnesses My greatest witness would be From god himself You see god is aware of our hearts And god is aware of what is hidden within them So in the end I don't know of any sin that I have consciously participated in Now with that in mind we need to remember that simply because he may not be aware of anything Or I might not be aware of anything that I have consciously done that doesn't mean that I'm innocent It simply means that I I haven't got a witness against myself You see in the end self knowledge is really not proof that I haven't done something Paul in 1st Corinthians said it like this in chapter 4 verses 3 and 4 he said But with me it's a very small thing that I should be judged by you Or by human court in fact I do not even judge myself For I know nothing against myself Yet I'm not justified by this but he who judges me as the lord jobes says I I can look at myself I have been racking my brain of looking back at my life what what may have What what I might have done that has caused god to become an adversary to become an enemy to attack me This severely and and and as I've had plenty of time You know to to consider these things, but the fact is I I can't find anything. I don't know You know Paul said well, I can't find anything against myself, but that doesn't make me free from guilt It simply means that I have to leave judgment in the hands of God And so surely he says in verse 19 my witness is in heaven and my evidence is on high I I have that witness of men Many who would actually vouch for my goodness. I I have the witness of my own conscience That would declare my integrity and though I have these witnesses My greatest witness would be god himself because god is aware of my heart And he knows what's hidden within it and god will ultimately justify me See, I'm not looking for human help My help comes from the lord. It reminds me of psalm 94 verse 17 Unless the lord had been my help my soul would soon have settled in silence The lord is my help and in first john 3 verse 20 one of my favorite scriptures If our heart condemns us god is greater than our heart knows all things God is greater than our heart And you know sometimes we in this room Why might be suffering from from a memory of something that we did in the past And uh, you know the enemy has a way of reminding us doesn't he does he ever remind you of something you've done The memory the enemy has a way of provoking our memories You could be driving you could be in your car thinking of the lord and thinking how wonderful things have been and you say to yourself I think I'll listen to some music as I'm on the way You turn on the music some channel some old song comes on or reminds you of something bad you did in the past And then before you know it there you are driving saying man. I'm a dirt bag Man, I'm a monster I'm so filthy because the enemy has a way of using things to provoke us to condemn ourselves And that's one of the reasons why first y'all 320 is beautiful to me because if my heart condemns me god is greater than my heart He knows all things Because I'm I am capable of of judging myself So are you you are capable of judging yourself too someone once said I'm my own worst enemy And I think there's truth to that sometimes And especially when you want to live for the lord by the way when you have a heart to live for jesus It seems that the enemy reminds you on occasion of the things that you've done I know every person in this room who wants to live for jesus will occasionally maybe often Be reminded of things that you've done why it's because you have become a great enemy to the enemy And he wants to cripple you he wants to keep you down He wants to make you believe that nothing can change you're always going to be the same You may have a friend who will tell you that you haven't changed at all You're no different than you used to be you'll always be this and there sometimes you're married to them sometimes that happens Sometimes that happens Sometimes it happens The more you want to live for jesus the more the accusations will come don't be surprised by that Don't be surprised when you wake up in the morning and and you pray to god and say lord This is the day that you have made i will be glad and i will rejoice in it And then you fall out of bed and hit your head. I mean don't be surprised Don't be surprised at the things that happen You know a guy who was sharing how that he was on his way to a prayer meeting It was early in the morning.  Can you believe it? He said when I got to the prayer meeting this guy was in front of me going to the same one It was the pastor. No, I'm just kidding. Can you imagine that? Can you imagine that on his way to prayer? We have had people in the parking lot almost getting fistfights because The guy who's asking him, please could you park there bothered the guy who wanted to park somewhere else We've had such strange things happen So even when you're trying to do your best and serve the lord, don't be surprised And you're accused and don't be surprised And your heart condemns you And don't be surprised if some well-meaning friend Begins to make you feel even worse Now sometimes your well-meaning friend may be telling you the truth. So have the wisdom to hear that Have the wisdom to hear that Because sometimes they're telling you the truth and and you need to respect and love the person who's willing to lose a friendship Over telling you what is best for you. So I respect those who come and on occasion will Will tell me this is how I feel about whatever and and I listen to them because You know wise man is to listen to correction. It's fools who who who rejected and I want to be a wise man But at the same time sometimes they're saying something to you that really doesn't apply. It really isn't What's going on? That's what's happening with job He didn't do these things all these chapters that we've been reading all these accusations all these arguments But he didn't do these things and that's why he says you're miserable comforters Instead of making me feel better instead of encouraging me You've torn me down one of the best ways that you can bring correction to somebody I'm not saying to put this on or pretend by the way But one of the best ways for you to bring correction to somebody is to cry for them in prayer To break before the lord in prayer. I'm serious when I say that I'm serious when I say that And now over the years there have been occasion in my life when I've had to bring correction and I've wept I've actually wept in front of people in my office I've wept for them in front of them because I care for them for their walks And almost every single one of them have left the church angrily So you never approach somebody without first approaching God And you don't give advice When you haven't experienced or got the wisdom to know how to give it And these people that are they're very wise these men really are wise And they've already said what do you know that we don't know We have people amongst us who are older than your father And you are rejecting our great wisdom. They also have pride So what we're seeing is really a typical human condition where people have a tendency of of wanting to make you better without Looking at their own hearts So he's saying it in verse 20 my friend scorned me my eyes pour out tears to God Those who had Called me friend Scorned me they mock me Those who've called me friend are mocking me It hurts and it breaks my heart aliphaz This includes you It includes bill dad It includes zophar What you have been saying And the way that you have been speaking to me Has wounded me it is It has hurt me deeply you are miserable comforters Because your words Have not been like a surgeon's scalpel removing evil your words have been like arrows piercing me And hurting me you've injured me My only recourse is To lift up my hurts and griefs to God In prayer surely even now my witness is in heaven my evidence is on high I thought you were my friends But you've taught you've treated me like Like i'm your enemy And Psalm 109 verses 3 and 4 they they have also surrounded me with words of hatred fought against me Without a cause in return for my love They are my accusers But i give myself to prayer one of the ways that over the years And i hope this doesn't appear like i'm trying to pretend to be some very righteous man forgive me if it comes off that way But after walking with the lord for 50 years I can tell you this this through experience the way that my heart is has um been softened towards those who have hurt me And yeah over the years that's happened more than once Even as i have hurt others But i can tell you this i can say that the way my heart has been healed is through prayer Praying for those who have despitefully used you praying for those who have injured you praying for those who've lied about you Can't imagine the amount of lies That that have been lodged against me and my family you can't imagine the amount of lies I still remember this young lady who my son joseph when joseph was in high school So this is many years ago because joseph's 39 years old now But when joseph was in high school He took to the prom a young lady Brought her to the house And when he brought her to the house I thought that was very ironic because this young lady had been telling people i live in a three-story house Is what she'd been saying And she was wrong I live in a five-story house. No No We have a regular track home But somewhere she had gotten the idea that my wife and i our family live in some three-story mansion And so you can't imagine Uh how comforting it was for her to come to my home and to see that it's just a regular home Just a normal home that many people have in a regular neighborhood But there are so many things that people can say about you and have probably Sometimes they're true if they're true. Let us change if they're not true How do you deal with it? One of the ways that I learned to deal with these kinds of things is to pray To pray for them See you pray for those who despisefully use you Why because because prayer for them changes you It it removes the bitterness that you can feel the anger and the hurt And it actually changes you Into someone with more understanding and compassion And a long time ago a friend of mine said you can't you can't go up in the pulpit and always defend yourself against the accusations Because the ministry is filled with them And if you go up every week and say I didn't do this and I didn't do that you're gonna waste your time So let the lord take care of those things and you just present the word of god and live with the clean conscience before him Well job is making it clear. He's saying listen My witness is in heaven. My evidence is on high But my friends they scorned me my eyes pour out my tears To god So I pray I seek the lord. I ask god to help me in verse 21 Oh that one might plead for a man with god As a man pleads for his neighbor For when a few years are finished I shall go The way Of no return How I wish I had an advocate How I wish I had a defense attorney how I wish I had someone Who could plead my case Now he's already said this we noted this in chapter nine Verses 32 and 33 When he said he's not a man as I am That I may answer him and that we should go to court together nor is there any mediator between us Who may lay his hand on us both? So he has already said that I wish I had someone who could plead for me and present my case before god and declare my innocence to him And you see that's again as I've said before that's that's where we believers are benefited because We have that mediator In first timothy chapter 2 verse 5 Paul said it like this There is one god and one mediator between god and men the man christ jesus Hebrew 7 25 says he's able to also to save them to the uttermost That come unto god by him seeing he ever lives to make intercession for them So you have oh, I love this You have somebody Who pleads your case The bible presents satan you'll see this in the book of revelation in chapter 12 The bible presents satan as uh an accuser of the brethren He is the person who is the prosecutor He prosecutes his case so he can look and he can say to god and that's a picture there as a as a prosecutor He can say look at david there. He's this he's that he's this he's that he's guilty of this He's guilty of that that's the picture. We'll see that when we get in revelation 12 He's our adversary. He's the one who's going after us.  That's what you have in scripture God the judge satan the prosecutor giving evidence and jesus our advocate our defender and so The enemy is saying he's this he's this he's this he's this he's guilty. She's guilty And then jesus walks in and says dad that one belongs to me My blood Has washed them completely of their sin They have been justified Washed and purified And the father gets that mighty gavel when he hits His desk and he says not guilty. That's what he says about you That's what he says about you. That's why I hide myself in him Because my identity is in jesus christ You have that mediator you have the one who stands on your behalf You have the one who says they received me. I have washed them clean My blood has made them pure as white as snow and that's what you have We have to live knowing that I think a lot of christians have forgotten or don't know that and that's why they're Working so hard to be approved by god that work has been done That work has been done I cannot add a thing to my salvation. The only thing I ever added to it is the sins he forgave me of That's what I added to it. God be merciful to me.  Don't try and work your way into a place. God already has welcomed you into Don't try and work your way into a place. He freely gave you Just love him and serve him Joe was saying oh, I wish I had a mediator we do Jesus christ the righteous and finally he says When a few years are finished, I shall go the way of no return The years that are before me Again easily easily being numbered. I have a very very short time left on earth. I'm dying. My time Is coming to an end. I'm coming to my appointed time I'm going to go to the place of no return that speaks of the land of the dead My life is coming to an end And I want to make sure that things are clear between us if I'm guilty I'm willing to bear my shame before you while I'm still alive, but if I'm not I desire to die with integrity intact I desire to be recognized as innocent It would be my wish that You who were called my friends Would speak well of me I would desire you to make it clear to others That I was not punished By god as a man pleads for his neighbor Oh that one might plead for a man with god Because I'm gonna die and I would I really would be blessed If you guys would think of me the way that I really am And not how you have been saying Because I'm innocent And I know as I am And I want you to know that too This is so heartfelt Next week we pick up at chapter 17 and see as it continues on


TFNN headline news update. Good afternoon everybody I'm Tommy O'Brien company live from TFNN Monday afternoon 12 noon Eastern time as we reach the middle of the trading day and we've got markets in positive territory right now S&Ps up 27 points you're talking about record territory if 45 33 excuse me I somehow some volume that was my bad S&Ps will do it again up 27 points at 45 33 that's record territory the S&Ps NASDAQ 100 records as well 15,593 you see the acceleration I mean the NASDAQ 100 we were just trading at 14,710 you back it up 11 days ago realistically that's only one two three four five six seven eight trading days you go from 14,700 we're up almost 900 points at 15,590 the Dow getting back into positive territory will quite a little pop to the negative side on the open on the Dow 930 you trade down to a low of 35,329 and just like that we're up more than a hundred points from there 35,442 the Russell continuing to lag excuse me see the drop off on the open on the Russell we dropped from about 2285 excuse me the 2265 currently trading at 2270 crude hanging tough at around $69 $6894 Bitcoin cryptos slight negative action to begin the week you got Bitcoin down about 900 bucks all things considered sitting pretty healthy at 48,000 gold down about six dollars right now at 1812 and we jump to silver negative 12 pennies at 2399 notes and bonds right now a little bit a higher price lower yield you got the 10-year up seven ticks at 133 17 the 30 years up 15 ticks at 163 12 positive markets across the board right now we take a look at the VIX as you'd expect with the market continuing higher we get the VIX continuing lower 1636 right now in the volatility index we got a big week of data coming up jobs number coming out on Friday we get ADP number for private payrolls coming out on Wednesday and let's just jump around to some of these tech stocks they're all higher in a big way how about Microsoft up 1.2 percent right now Amazon up 2.22 percent right now Facebook shares up a full percent right now remarkable action across the board Google shares up a percent right now as well Tesla shares 2.3 percent remarkable stay tuned folks we got a man Larry Pezzavento he's coming up live with trade what you see Steve Rhodes coming up live right after that at 1 o'clock markets in positive territory S&Ps at a record NASDAQ at a record as well stay tuned folks Larry Pezzavento he's coming up live right now we'll be right back


Hi, this is Ashley with Augsmore Toyota. Thank you so much for your recent interest in training in your 2014 Camry. I went ahead and sent you over an email with a little bit more information about our dealership. When you get a moment, please give me a call. My number is<PHONE_NUMBER> or just email me back. Thanks. Bye.