bag is still valid this Tuesday. And it's time for off the press. Chris Skendewan, the member of the Chartered Institute of Abitrators in the UK, is joining us. But from Lagos this morning. Hello, Chris. Good morning and glad to have you join us again. Thank you very much. Nice to hear. Okay, so let's go straight and start with the Punch newspaper. The Punch newspaper relates with presidential poll petitions. Military police won protesters as Tribunal delivers verdict Wednesday. The right is there. Military police vow to prevent violence, Tribunal proceedings for live telecast, court orders, workers to stay away, PDP, LP, Confident, APC promises to obey ruling. That's the big story this morning. At least one of it, this one and Labour. So let's start with this. Yes, the presidential Tribunal will finally be granted a judgment and they're good enough. The Tribunal has said that the judgment will be televised live and there is this session that has interested history to transmit it live. I think that's the first time we're having that since 1999, that's a point of interest. But it's good that this is coming because the Tribunal or courts sit here as a mandate, that's the number of days it has been stipulated to be able to get by the judgment. So they're trying to get that particular constitutional petition. And so we're going to see what is going to happen to them. The statement by the TSS, by the military, by the police, is neither here, nor there. So they are foreseeing any other things that some of us have not seen. I don't see it as a point of interest. First of all, people have thought it may take the end of this month for us to hear the judgment, but here we're going to be hearing it tomorrow. And then the live telecasts, I think this took many by surprise since they refused to broadcast the whole proceedings from the beginning. Were you surprised when you heard that it's going to be broadcast live on Wednesday? No, I wasn't. I wasn't surprised because probably the Tribunal wanted to make it as transparent as possible, and probably to the extension as well. So everybody across, if you're not just a man, you have to have us inside of it. But it's like if we are not a lawyer, at least those of us that can still use, that can still be simply to understand. So, and it's not going to be here, say, you know the Nigerian side, say what they thought, they don't say this one, they don't say, so, the nation is going to be almost, yeah, the nation is going to be almost a standstill tomorrow, otherwise. There are going to be various versions of it, from word of mouth, so it's better than, I think the court is just trying to put some level of transparency into that judgment. And so that is what it is. It requests what we initially, for the trial to be televised live by the Tribunal and our court, as it were, because we don't say that, it's not going to be true for that. So, but this is coming. So, and don't forget tomorrow, on Wednesday, it's also practically and publicly there to solve the largest entity, because the two days national strike by the NSC continue tomorrow. So, a lot of people will stick here. Matter of fact is some of the, let's take the other headlines here on the punch. Above the mat said, you have subsidy pains, labor vows to grant economy, begin strike, the rider, maritime bank vendors, CSOs, plan rally, and then FG Bex, NLC to shelf strike. You have rep someone six MDAs over FG asset sale. You also have down beneath the main headline, the beautiful picture of the light rail, which is beginning operations in Lagos state, and it leads with 40 years after Buhari suspension, Lagos light rail begins operation. And then you have foreign investors repatriated $5 billion dividend CBN. Okay, so let's go on, Chris. Yes, as I was saying, the strike begins today, and the difference between what is going on today and tomorrow is the fact that this is a one strike, so it's for two days. It is different from an indefinite strike. An indefinite strike is a strike at the end. So this one is time bound, as we say in Lagos, so it's for Tuesday and Wednesday, and all the associations that affiliates of NLC and TUC mobilize themselves to strike. One strike. But TUC, TUC is not joining them. TUC has pulled out. No, good. If TUC has pulled out, then it is NLC, but you also have to realize that some affiliates, some other affiliates, like the banks are joining the strike. So if the banks are joining the other, they are joining, but it is still what it is. But the fact remains that it's a one strike, and this is going to come in. Don't forget that this strike, there has been this notice of strike since the removal of subsidy. I think this is the third one, the third one. The first time there was supposed to be a strike, then the industrial court stopped that. The second one that was supposed to be a strike, they decided to call it a protest. They had a protest, I think it was a protest. You know, that's not to categorize the ruling of the court. Now it's a one strike. And the federal government tried to call the labor leaders to the meeting through the new Minister of Labor, La Long, but it seems that the labor has made up its mind. So I hope that within these two days, after the strike, the federal government will be able to meet and be able to iron out the various issues at stake so that we will not be able to see and get a strike. But this is a strike that I personally just don't think that NLC will be able to do that because a lot of people have practically lost weight in the NLC and it's ability to meet the labor movement to be able to challenge the government's resistance increase in threat price and other economic policies. But let's see how it goes. So today, tomorrow, there's going to be a sit-at-home by a certain union. But it can be rest assured that it's a modern economic activity. Definitely, the markets will open, the press will open. And more than 900,000 people who are into private business. So that's what it is. Of course, here Basira and their Mame maker will not allow anything to stop them from opening their shops. Yeah, but they're not going to allow. They're not going to be able to continue. Well, there are those who actually believe that labor lost the opportunity to seize the moment when they should have at the very beginning. And one is beginning to wonder the impact this one strike would have, if any. That is just the right statement you've made the best way to seize the opportunity. Because if they had, probably we would not have had the second increase before price. That would have stopped that first price increase. Yes, that was withdrawal of subsidy as announced by the president and that is in operation last June tonight. I will show you that that withdrawal was supposed to take effect at the end of June. Now with the announcement of the president, then it took effect from me. And so labor could have come in and say, no, this has been, yes, this has been documented and this supposed to start at the end of June. So you cannot subject Nigerians. So since this has been made on the petroleum product in June, not me. And that is where I talked about how that started and that insisted on that. And I believe that government would have taken to a large subsidy to run to the end within that period of negotiation would have come up on the proper pricing. Definitely, definitely not minding the fact that it's a subsidy. But they lost the opportunity and that was the first increase. The problem we had deceived and they fell into the trap of the government and finally they won some, some days or weeks. That was under increase. So the government caught them on a way as people were not proactive. So let's look what the level of impact is going to what is going to be the impact of this. Because don't forget that there's a committee that was set up by the federal government headed by the chief of staff with the president. And that is where the problem is. And that committee has not been meted. And if that committee is not meted, then what are we talking about? The committee have talking about roadblocks of palliatives, giving five billion to each state, releasing off grains and the rest of them. How has that been able to impact on the life of Nigeria? Those are the issues. And I think that the labor should be talking about. Yeah. And the minister of labor, you know, Simon Lalong called for calm and patience from labor saying that they need time to sort things out. Of course, another school of thought is also saying that labor should come down because the federal government is already bringing out these palliatives. Yes, they are not satisfied with the way it's going, but they should calm down and let them walk it through. If you calm down Nigeria, once you calm down, you lose everything. You shouldn't calm down. They should put the government even when you say calm down. The government going back to their strategy to resort to anything. The labor minister saying that they should give it some time that is just coming into office. And that's, is it not Nigeria? Just coming to office doesn't make it easier. And part of this was happening since 29 of May when the president inaugurated. So he did ground run. So it shouldn't have been there for the strike notice. But let's move to the issue of the rail that was inaugurated yesterday. Yes, after about 40 years, we now have a blue line in Lagos that's going to fly between Marina and the Mainchew. That's a good one. That's also going to be the red line. And I think that's the way to go. This is what we're going to have done over 40 years. That's the government of former military leader, Mohammad Buwari, escorted that attempt by Jack on the government after the top man in 1993. That was supposed to be a, by now, Nigeria, Lagos would have been totally covered by this rail. But that was not to be a good enough. Yes, the governor Samu Olu was able to flag up that. And that to me is to be a good one. So by the time Lagos is finally connected by rail, that would be a very, very big solution to the problem of transportation. And letting us all use this opportunity to go on. Those of us who are in Lagos, the questions have been one, don't try to cross the rail. This is not like Aggie rail or Igumu rail. Don't try to cross the rail because the place is wired. So let them stay off that. Congratulations to Lagos. Indeed, congratulations to Lagos State. Governor Samu Olu has also assured that the red rail will also come on board before the end of this year. So more goodies in store for Lagosians there. So let's move forward to the next newspaper, the leadership. And the leadership is leading with hardship. Labor Sean's FG begins one in strike over delayed palliatives. That is the lead story. We've talked about that. Presidential polls, anxiety ahead of tribunal judgment tomorrow. And then above the masthead, you have why Nigeria's refineries will never work. That's Obasanjo. And then just beside it, you have blame Buhari for current economic crisis. Not in Ubu. And that's coming from San Nusi. Let's talk about these two, Chris. First of all, former President Ulushego Obasanjo is speaking again. Nigeria's refinery will never work. He's given the reasons why. Yes, he gave reasons. And part of it is corruption, which is part of it. I do not totally believe that the refineries will not work. It will work. If they have the self-reliant, the price will not work. It will work. Why is it working in other countries? And why won't it work in Australia? Is it that other countries that are having their refineries have to go there from the moon? They're not from the moon. I come to realize that some of the people are working those refineries across the globe. And Nigeria's will be short. So we have the capacity to run our refineries. It has been done before. We have self-reliance in the past. We had to worry. We have been talked about. So and it works. So if it worked, then why won't it work? What I just believe is that just have the right set of people to do the job and also have the right mindset. Then the issue is also making sure that those that are ready to be able to supervise to pretend on these refineries are also transparent and not corrupt. They also have to change the mindset of most of the people at NNPC who believe that the best way to go about this is the rotation of wealth. When we change that mindset, we can be able to refine our crew, just like every other country. Because when you just talk about refineries, refineries is not just about petrification. We just talk about refineries, people just believe it's just the truth. It's not just about petrification. There's this rule. There are also the other by-products of truth, like evasion and fuel. So it's not just about petrification. There's crude and there's petroleum. There's evasion, fuel. There's this rule. There are other by-products that are used for all the other things that are useful, you know, jelly, like motto oil, too many things that are important that we can be able to. So it will reduce our importation and also be able to safeguard our foreign exchange. So we don't spend all we have what to make in our foreign exchange by using it to buy petrification. That is why we said that less people are going to say that the government have no business. They say, no, government have business in business. Aramco, the biggest petroleum company in Saudi Arabia, is owned by the government. The government owns close to about 90 percent of Aramco. And that's if you see how much that company makes every year. That is one of their number one products that is their And they have a technology. They have a technology that enables them. I think you've seen their workstation, where they can tell you where each pipe is passing through and the rest of them. So that is what we need. In these days, what we need is technology. Annoying industry that is technology driven. I will get it right. We can be able to do it. If you can look at it from this point, we have Gokumam. Wherever if you are going somewhere, all you just need to do is put your address on your Gokumam and you see the map that and continue to direct you. That is how you continue to hear that woman. I'm sure you use that woman's voice. Go left. They can go take you to your remote village. So that is a power of technology. So it's not something it's not skyrocketed that we cannot have the power of other people. But what we don't have is for the school because of corruption and other places that Nigerians are just so I don't agree with that. Then to the other one by the by something I mean something that made us say if you read this page and he said somebody who had practically had no couple that became a member of the boy risk cabinet is not flying the private jets as the private jet. That is jamming. That shows you the level of corruption within the boy risk government. And that was why I was laughing about my he replied of garbage to the statement issued and the interview granted by former IGF Adoki where he was saying oh Rari came to form Nigeria he brought corruption to a standstill and all those are garbage because we know personally I still repeat that Rari has been the worst president since 1999. I stand to be correct but that's my personal opinion because this is a man that came with so much hope but it couldn't deliver. So I'm coming to say so but I'm not the one really the one saying even the current government have said that they heard so much from them in terms of economic crisis from Rari Rari's government yet they said it remember he said it some other government officials of this current government officials have also said so so what legacy will you say that Rari never expects that is what it is and which is why some people believe that this current governments if they have the will and the political which should look to look into the books of the Rari's government that so much will be inherited if another government another party took over government from Rari what we're doing now is know what we've been doing but because it's the same APC APC they have a way of covering themselves another party would have gone into the books to look at some of the things that the level of corruption on that would have been worse than what we could be if that happened in that aspect that is how it goes so whatever Sandit said or have been saying is nothing to our ideas which is just a part. All right let's move to the nation newspaper and at least with federal government till you see strike over subsidy pains not needed now you have the writers there NLC pushes ahead Sean's meeting with the minister wage award plan ready in two weeks presidency quotients against mixing of labor matters with politics and then you have above the masthead tolling of federal highways to go on says umahi oando acquires NAOC's upstream oil assets you have someone who drops five in new nominees list to assembly and more insights into to nubus 100 days in office so um someone who drops five new nominees list to assembly chris what do we know about this yes the you know there was a meeting between the park which is the political um what would i call it engine room of the peace takers and um um the person will do as well as the speaker of us a few days ago we had the resource some of the issues gray areas and i was raised by the class of assembly on the issues of the issue of the commissioner nominees uh and um after that meeting i think that that's all so you have to drop uh bife of the nominees and jeter pike more probably to assuage the demands of the house of us but the key people uh some of the key people that i think are on space one is uh uh i can't buy of me so i can't buy me from a commissioner health i think the system that is uh gringo motor show for my information commissioners to in dallas and some other ones so but so they've come to a compromise and then to be smooth sailing um the committee uh headed by the i think the majority of the house is charge of the screening and i feel that next few days they will spin and the commissioners will be as usual be called to the class of assembly to answer certain questions and take a bow and i think that issue is um resolved and then it goes straight to one and um and that is what it is so in the next few days we are going to see that um and these commissioners them with many commissioners there are going to be screened and approved and the governor will ask with them to start their job that of the commissioner about the commissioners yeah and so you have uh more insight into tenubu's 100 days in office you know when i saw that it just hit me 100 days already and it just seemed like yesterday when we were talking about the inauguration in abuja 100 days do you want to take off what they've taken off and that's it it comes in days you just like a a new bit in my play they say just never born once you don't burn you can't don't begin work you don't begin that's that's you know so um 100 days yes it looks uh that's it's just like yesterday the government is already uh it's the real motion and they are moving and um except anything happens tomorrow this government will continue to exist except there's something out there even if it does any kind of uh don't mention world that is not uh did not people at the end uh alignment you know don't forget that is they have it is in court this case we get to the supreme court definitely so uh the government is already on the path to uh really not uh some of his promises and also trying to consolidate all right so let's move to the guardian newspaper uh the guardian newspaper leads with president's burden of resetting nigeria in 100 days you have the picture of the president there i like the way the the the guardian has captured this and um they gave some talking points um feel subsidy removal foreign exchange liberalization appointment of service chiefs emir fili arrests emir fili's arrest and persecution uh efcc bust removal students loan scheme dissolution of mda's boards appointment of ministries nigeria crisis rising inflation high fuel crisis prices bloated cabinet strike in living costs worsening effects crisis rising poverty shrinking household incomes so the guardian broke it down for us and gave us a summary of what this 100 days have been like all right so bold reforms leave nigerians more miserable amid assurances uh that is uh the big story on the guardian newspaper and so you have gabon co-leader general nga ma sworn in as interim president apprehension as labor begins warning strike court rules on presidential election uh chris you want to talk about gabon yes gabon yesterday the military leader who is causing to our state the leader was sworn in as a military head of states um by doing his ph he didn't tell he didn't tell the world what he's going to do about transitional power to these two civilians which is always the way uh the military's role in african retail they want to correct certain deals uh but you can't realize that after some time that they'll be able to do that they want to consolidate uh which the innovation of the military head of state yes it has been stopped for five military head of state within the uh west africa and um central african john past few months talking about um gabon this year you know vaso madly and gini konakry and um the the question in everybody's mind and list now what which which are that country which which is the next country and uh which is what we have always asked african leaders to mention that they deliver on their promises and stop making yes nobody's asking for cool uh cool military military administration in start of fashion in way to do his democracy but i have to say african leaders be playing the democracy the way it ought to be basically as defined even in primary school uh primary school and secondary school government of people by the people and for the people that you ask yourself most of this government in africa is it for the people is it by the people is it by the choice of the people a situation where you see somebody a family ruling a country for almost 55 years and a president trying to change change the constitution just to show himself and see his character supposed to go on two terms change the constitution to uh to try not to hurt them even when he's hoping that he doesn't mention he also want to change um uh power there you see what's happening is country runs african republic and so many other countries in africa where presidents that presidents have transformed from being president to monarch monarchs and that is the issue then when they go happen some of them quickly start changing their military leaders uh or their service chiefs and rest of their say that it's a solution to it when the time is up they'll be someone like bobby who is over 90 still want to go for another term probably wants to be president president for life it's 100 they're hard to be able to justify that so but in gabon what's happening in gabon is a bit different from that of nissue republic the difference is that that of gabon everybody will see that there was a total uh alienation of the wills of the whole of gabon that of nissue is a bit tricky in that um the kooledias are planning to contribute to one of these Nigerians why they why they engage in that in that group and that is what they're still trying but in nissue also you know just realize that just use the uh ban based on uh on the space of nissue so that means light can now go into nissue and also from attache and also pass to nissue to other parts of the world yeah isn't it interesting that a you and um echo was appears to have been more reactionary than not anything else i mean they wait till the military boys strike and then they begin to talk and begin to make moves and all of that but when these so-called democratic leaders perpetrate themselves in office a tinker with the constitution and commit all sorts of things against the people they do not do anything you know that just saying look up as a boy on table when you eat and then we don't talk shouldn't talk and that is what is happening so all of that they're not same on the same they are same on the same so i when you say you talk who are the people you're talking about head of state of african you know head of state of it was head of state of state the in south africa and that of central africa central african republic for example uh in one of the countries the president is about changing the constitution again so that he can remain in office you saw what happened in simpab in simpab a few days ago during the election that was particularly rigged by and this was also somebody that um when he when he won election simpab was too too bad to celebrate him because of the atrocities caused by former president mogabi and they thought they've gotten a leader and that is a new dawn but the one that is taking over from mogabi's getting was that and you can see the opposition having started things on my pictures about the country so that is african leaders for you so they will never speak against their own and when it happens they just come out with the waters oh no military is nothing military is that the fact is that they have to don't they have a mechanism a way of talking to themselves and another aspect of it uh i don't know before we get up is that the willing power the willing power of french the french government in africa is doing limb by the day it is doing limb by the day because if you look at the coup that's happened before coup that happened west africa those are french speaking countries you have to for example first uh for uh west african french people even that of gabon is french too i would for example if it's not the power that was a coup against the father of ali bongo that was a coup and after that coup the the french government the fragility came into gabon and also reinstalled him and most of those that that's where that's where but now you can see that they also thought that thing their time is up in africa so it's a new dawn in africa and the way i'm seeing is what i would call the uh french uh what you know we used to have the hara spring probably what is going on is the french spring in in africa and most of these africans want to just remove themselves and start themselves from the quote of the french government and the question i keep asking is are we listening are we um listening to what's happening i mean look at kigami has sacked uh we i mean you're aware he's sacked over 200 or about 200 of the military chiefs in his country one would think that you know these ones in power these democratic leaders in powers would if anything adjusts you know if they were doing anything wrong if they were in they would sit up and you know use their tongue to count their teeth as our people would say but what they seem to be doing is making sure that they remove whoever may appear to be a potential threat yes they are too they they're just um edged that's why particularly let's talk about um you wonder um yes in as much as kigami is the same put on trying to i think it's there for about three years and whatever but you cannot compare what is happening in rwanda with other african the level of development in rwanda is awesome whether you like it or not there have been a lot of people it's just not i still don't believe that only one person can get it done but when you look at the level of if i don't if you look at the development level of people if you have been to uh kigali of recent you'll be shocked you think that you're in european country but this was a country that some years back who had that massive um genocide and killings at rest of them but he was going to turn it around but the fact is that he cannot be the only one to do it thank you what does the constitution say that the constitutional whether you are the best or not the best of course um barack obama is the was one of the best uh president uh to us hard but that's why all that is how good he was after eight years he had to live so that is what so it's constitutional development it's not about how good or you are what you're able to achieve you know in the log up i wish to say class five not one by one so when you finish class five you go come out another another person so and we say senority is not forever those are the our words in those days in second district but the part of me is that if it's a that is a constitutional thing if it you are giving certain terms once we are done with that then just leave and let another give put a a a a a well organized election system in place so that the people's mandate recounts let them elect who their leaders are and whoever they let should be able to deliver so for you to read and just become steady constitution just because of what you think that you have delivered senority so um i think it's a one is time to some of them in july let them dismiss all the generals in the army most of them you the men who you have to realize that those are blank people's of these countries and these countries are not even generous they are just the those within the captain and major arms and that is what has been happening in other parts of Africa the junior ones plan the good executed and just get one genera to be an integrated and that's what has been happening yeah another term we used to have or use in secondary school was senior pangolo it does appear we've had a lot of senior pangolos who are not doing anything and don't want to leave they have to leave they just have to leave whether they like it or not yeah well thank you so much chris for your time thank you very much for having me have you wonder you too chris kendall and the member of the chartered institute of arbitrators in the uk has joined us in legal state on off the press you're still watching of the breakfast and plus tv africa is a tuesday edition and it's time for us to take a break and come with our first hot topic stay with us


Thank you for having me and of course it's really nice to be part of this event, to celebrate Derk's 60th birthday. I wasn't sure whether I should start maybe with some anecdote because somehow I was Derk's PhD student and I was thinking about something that was not too personal to tell so I think in general I would say being a PhD student or having been the PhD student of Derk was a very nice experience in the sense that he gave me a lot of freedom, a lot of time also to pursue the ideas and collaborations that I wanted to do. Nevertheless I should say for instance there was this experience I don't know one or maybe two years into the PhD things had not really taken much had not made much progress. He stopped me then at IHS in the entrance hall and asked me where I was with my work and he essentially just said okay well if there's not more then you just finish with a nice summary of your work. Obviously this made me thinking and it was a good a good push in the right direction. Another I would say nice anecdote really positive anecdote was once when I was before we had our first paper written that he came to my office and I was really lost in some computations that simply didn't work out and they were at the blackboard and he just moved in again was asking how things were going and looked at the blackboard and I do not know how pointed at the right place saying I should redo this calculations and indeed it turned out that something was very wrong there and it worked out and so we had our first paper and so in total I would say it was a very positive experience with a good feeling. About my work okay now I should I'm getting my emails maybe I should stop this but I don't know how. Okay so it's about big products and combinatorial hop algebras. I think one of the great impulses that came out of Dirk's work is this topic of combinatorial hop algebras and trying to find and to understand structures in terms of combinatorial hop algebras and jointly with Frederic Patras and Nicolas Tapia and Lorenzo Zambotti we we started to to understand big products or big polynomials using combinatorial hop algebras and to to summarize maybe or to kind of give an idea of where I want to go with this talk I should say so what is the aim okay the aim is to understand relations between different families of big polynomials in non-commutative probability so this is of course a lot of information here first of all there's not only one family of big polynomials but several in the commutative probability theory which I'm not an expert so I will I will not try to really explain this since this would probably take too much time and it's not really the point it's I will try to take a combinatorial perspective or algebraic perspective on the issue and then try to explain somehow what it means to have different families of big polynomials the setting well the setting is the one of what's called non-commutative shuffle hop algebras and they're also known as denry form algebras but I think this is a better way of talking about this structure and this is an example for a combinatorial hop algebra connected graded hop algebra with some extra structure now I decided to already make it clear here at this point that those different families of big polynomials they are part of this theory of non-commutative probability that somehow I think essentially goes back to Boykulesk, those polynomials appeared in work by Michael and Chilevich around 2004 and 2009 but I think in a series of three papers but in a very different way they are understood there in terms of so-called generating function calculus so we did generating functions and one aspect of our work was to really find a different way hop algebraic way to deal with these big polynomials and in fact then to use this to understand them better and in fact one outcome of this work is that these different big polynomials are related I will try to indicate this at the end okay so let me start with the classical case so those big polynomials that you probably all know from either probability or say quantum field theory I take this very algebraic point of view so I try also to approach them maybe in a somewhat unconventional way so I start with a commutative unit associative k algebra this is usually the algebra of my random variables I take phi to be a linear unit of form then I look at the augmented tensor algebra so I start with in degree one so I skip the unit and if I want to talk about the tensor algebra with unit and put a bar above it okay now on this algebra with concatenation as product I can put a core product the so-called unshuffle core product that is defined here here I take this way of looking at it in terms of choosing subsets of my index at one to n then I associate with this subset word in this form here I can have the natural order on those elements that I take out and and then I put on the left the corresponding word from the letters that I've taken out according to the subset s and on the other side I put the rest so which means I simply extract letters sequences of letters put them on the left and what is left over I just simply concatenate and have it on the right another way would be to stay okay that delta as it is a morphism is for each letter is a primitive element and so with this so-called unshuffle core product I can define on the dual side a shuffle product this is a shuffle product on the linear maps over the over the tensor algebra that's what I have defined here which is defined in terms of this core product and then I take my linear map phi that was defined over my original algebra a and I extend this onto the tensor algebra with unit by simply saying okay if I see the word with n letters then what I mean is in fact my script phi I think a little phi evaluated on the product of the entries in this word so this is if you want a moment for instance right this is I take I should I should take a this is a linear map it's it's it maps the unit of the tensor algebra to one and so it's invertible and for this we can find another linear map that maps the unit of the tensor algebra to zero such that phi can be written as an as a shuffle exponential now everything here seen somehow in the dual over the tensor algebra so this is the shuffle product I have defined up here this is this particular map c that's essentially is characterized by mapping the unit to zero and so I have expressed this new phi here as a shuffle exponential now it turns out that if you compute if you compute if you apply this shuffle exponential so the exponential here is of course defined in the usual way so if you apply this you simply follow the rule of doing this the shuffling or unshuffle a core product on the word it turns out with a couple of steps in between that you can give a very nice and elegant expression for this for this for this for this computation so you find the fact that phi of a one times a n equals a sum the sum here is coordinated by set partitions all set partitions of order n and then you take the product over the blocks and you evaluate the map c over the the subsequence of the subword according to the elements in the block p i okay so this is what you find if you do this computation using the unshuffle core product structure available here now when you then think a little bit about this then you see in fact that if you give these things names so I call those images of the say in a single letter here to to make it simple I call those mn this is the image of say letter a and the nth tensor power of it and the same for c apply to the nth tensor power I call this kappa n then I take this exponential generating function where I put all those mn's here the same for the c for the kappa n's and then in fact if I equal this so if I want this to be equal then I find a way to express my moments in terms of what then I would like to call classical cumulants so the first moment equals the first cumulant the second moment equals the second cumulant plus the product of the first two cumulants then you have the third moment expressed as a polynomial in the cumulants up to order three and at order four you find this expression here and maybe I guess many have seen this already for us at this point to to get this maybe connection with the non-commutative side of the picture the interesting coefficient here is this three that appears here as we will see in the in the non-commutative world it disappears there will be then just the two because we lose one partition if you go there you can also look at this in terms of a recursion given here with this polynomial coefficient and in fact this is also nicely related to in fact the substructure of the shuffle algebra structure that I just stated that I plan to return to when we come to the non-commutative side of the picture okay so now let's simply move forward and and define what I would like to call the but in this case would be the so-called tensor big polynomials they become the classical big polynomials if I evaluate them in elements from my original algebra a but so for the moment it's simply defined as I take the identity as a map over the tensor algebra and I essentially convoluted this with the inverse of my map phi okay so this is the convolution I've written it here explicitly using the unshuffled core product then what you can show is so if I have this polynomial which is a polynomial in the tensor algebra so it's words with certain coefficients the coefficients given in terms of the inverses of phi evaluated at sub words of the word that I'm looking at and I essentially find the unity which means it's it's zero essentially all the time if I evaluate this on a non-trivial world and I have also this particular property here that if I define this derivation that simply kills the letter a in the word one has to be a little bit careful here how to define this but I will return to this later on when we have something very similar in the non-commutative setting I have this intertwining relation so if I compute my tensor big polynomial as I want to call them on the word and then I look for the letter a and I kill this then this is essentially the same as first looking for the word in your rich for the letter a in the original word then computing the big polynomial of it so these are the tensor big polynomials and in fact I can invert them with respect to composition simply by defining it in this way here and also if you if you simply evaluate you look for the the only the constant term in the inverse of this then it's just five of the word now here the first few big polynomials up to order three so you can also nicely see here that if you evaluate so if you apply five to this expression here then this is zero this is true for all the other expressions as well again maybe as a hint on what's interesting here say up to order three is again this particular coefficient that that will change when we when we come to that it's strictly non-commutative setup so and as I said these are tensor big polynomials so if I really want to have the big polynomial as they are stated in in many books then I would really evaluate this this tensor polynomial in in the algebra a so I would really start to multiply in the algebra and then those properties that I just stated for the for the big polynomials is particularly intertwining with this abstract derivation after a letter in the tensor algebra just means that these polynomials have this two properties here and which I think makes them what's called an up somehow up the polynomials maybe as a as a remark why maybe this this to start with this identity convoluted into the inverse of my phi is was a good idea if I look at this what one would call normal ordered or big ordered exponential which is simply generating function for the big polynomials then in fact one can show that this can be given this expression here it's simply the exponential ta here my parameter t and then I simply subtract the the generating function for my cumulants which is nothing but saying that I take the exponential ta divided by my moment series and the moment series I express as the exponential of the the cumulants and so I find this expression here which is roughly something like phi inverse times okay the exponential but here we also talk about all the big polynomials put together into this generating series as another remark I will also repeat later on since it's it's it's something that holds through also the non-commutative setting since I can invert my big polynomials or tensor big polynomials I can define in fact a new product on the tensor algebra defined like this so here this is the ordinary concatenation I take my two words then I compute the inverse big polynomials I multiply the tensor algebra and then I take the big the big polynomial of the resulting expression this I define a new product this product has this nice property that if I take big polynomials say with respect to the letter a of and then we find like this and this is the big polynomial of the product of a and with a m in the tensor algebra so usually this big product is awkward properties but I can define a new product such that I have these nice properties here we have a question from Ralph yeah just a very quick one so you say that this is the time ordered product in your formula is that obvious I mean I can take your formula as a definition but if I usually you have some exactly some time or can you say one more word why why this is given by dividing out by these cumulons where is that sorry here this is the normal order product right yeah for me this would be a normal order product this computation I mean this this result here you can deduce from from this property up here from this derivation property you can really take it's just formal I mean that's what you're saying very yes I mean yes I mean by formal if you mean simple yes or I think it is I think essentially the statement here yes okay so sorry thanks with respect to the formal series yes if you mean this yes okay there may be another question okay now the non-computative case so I am saying it's I will not try to to make all of this really making or appearing completely perfect it's it's too difficult and there's not enough time for this so I start first with what is a non-computative probability space so it's not much but an associative algebra that's not necessarily commutative and it has a linear map that maps the unit of the algebra to one that's that's all that I want to say here of course concrete examples are it's another it's another story to really think on this level but for the moment all that we need is that we have a unital associative algebra with a linear map so not that different from what we had before in fact and now how to get how to how to to make the connection with this vastly different world of non-computative probability theory so I I choose to to state for me or for the work that we have done the central observation that is due to Roland Speicher and I think it's around 97 so about the same time and I think Dirk had this first paper on the hopf algebra visualization if I if I'm not mistaken or maybe a little bit earlier that simply says that we do if if you forget about this what the computation we did what we simply asked so we have a multivariate moment here so it's phi evaluated on the product of a 1 to an a 1 to an elements from this algebra a then it turns out so I would like to express this in terms of cumulants so I would like to introduce new objects called then free cumulants then I find essentially the same statement so it's a sum but this time it's a sum not over all partitions but what's called non-crossing partitions set partitions then I have the same phenomena I take each block and I now multiply the cumulant with respect to the the entries specified through the entries in this block and somehow this is the one of the major insights here that really opens the whole new world in in terms of combinatorics non-crossing partitions etc so non-crossing partition means really in a very pictorial way that we have to avoid partitions if you if you want to have this pictorial representations of one two three four and then we have something like this so this would be a partition that should not be considered whereas if I look if I think about all partitions so these these arcs mean the blocks then I would include this but here it's it's not there and of course this means also that many more partitions are actually not available in this in this picture here and so this this is what what defines free cumulants and and free cumulants are to do free probability as an example for non-competitive probability what the classical cumulants are to to classical probability so they vanish mixed cumulants vanish if the underlying variables are free and then I think in the same year Speicher and Rudy also considered another example so-called Boolean moment cumulant relations so here are the moments on the left hand side now called Boolean cumulants and again what changes is the again the set of my set partitions these are the interval partitions now that are central to Boolean independence or Boolean probability if one wants so this is how I would like to to motivate essentially the non-commutative perspective on moment cumulant relations and probability so this is now what shall we do or what do we have to do to to to adapt what I did in the classical case in terms of hop algebra shuffle algebra etc to define to to get the moment cumulant relation and then the corresponding big polynomials in this setting when I thought just I have to deal with the the question of avoiding certain set partitions that were naturally coming out of this hop algebraic computation that I did earlier okay and okay then it was as an example here I was I remind you when I introduced the order for moment cumulant relation and I was saying that there was three here now it's only a two because this particular set partition is not available anymore so I have only those two at four and as a maybe another remark that I think it's it's interesting but with respect to the big polynomials that will appear not not so much there's also the notion of monotone moment cumulant relation or monotone independence then I still sum over the non-crossing partitions of order n but here I have a coefficient which is the inverse of the of the tree factorial also something I think where Dirk has made early on a very important contribution in this famous chen paper so these are the the inverse tree factorials here the trees are representing the nesting of my non-crossing partition for instance something like this you can you can associate a tree to this or for us and okay so now let me try to directly how to to do this I would not know but somehow when you look at the the question so how are the corresponding generating series related now here of course I have to say what I mean by generating series I have to do a little bit more general so I have here n non-commuting letters I have n elements from my algebra a and then I put the corresponding multivariate moments together in this moment generating series here now it's not an exponential generating series it's just words and those coefficients and the same I can do for the the free and the Boolean cumulants but observe here that some of the moment generating series starts with one whereas this was also true in the classical case of course the cumulant and the Boolean generating series free cumulant and Boolean cumulant generating series start with n equals one okay so we'll letter c instead here I have one now this relation of Speicher and Speicher and Rudi can be actually also derived from the relation between the generating series and this is for the free case this is this particular fixed point type relation between the two generating series here the moment series on the one side and the cumulant series on the other side but here you see that I have to substitute a different set of letters where I take now the I call the letter z i being a letter w i but now I multiply the whole moment generating series into it so this is a priori a very complicated operation here but it delivers at the end this moment cumulant relation we have observed in the Boolean case it's much simpler I have that the moment generating series is one plus then simply the product of the Boolean cumulant generating series time again the moment series and I think an interesting remark is the following that I think Tritanovich in 1980 in the in the short paper on planar field theory planar quantum field theory observed that if you want to understand the relation between generating functions for the full and the full full and connected I forgot connected here sorry full and connected planar greens function so here I have the full greens functions with this dotted block here relation here which simply means okay if I want to organize my my uh my planar Feynman graphs into connected components okay I have to always avoid crossings of the legs and so which means they can go into these little spaces here right when you look at this in fact then you can see somehow the the hop algebraic structure is already present here if if you believe me I will try to do this so we need we need something a little bit larger to deal with this phenomenon and the one the the way we do this is using the double tensor algebra so we need an extra tensorial structure here again so I take the tensor algebra with unit over the tensor algebra over my non-competitive probability space and oh there's something missing I think this is not good so there should here there should be a um there should be a j1 s no why this this is p at j k s or maybe the s the other way around it doesn't matter so it's s1 to sk so what what we have done here is I do essentially unshuffling but uh I so to say I remember where I have extracted those sequences or letters that I put on the left hand side so I follow essentially the same prescription so I take for instance here this word with six letters I take this set s 2 4 and 5 and when I extract these letters then as is a 2 a 4 and a 5 this is what I have here cannot access my pointer since I have this and I click on it then disappear and on the other hand once I have extracted those letters and the sub words then I'm left with this expression here which is just a one and this bar a 3 and this bar a 6 okay which you can also maybe represent this way here I have extracted this letter together with this sequence of letters and this is the core product that I define on this double tensor algebra in fact you can show that this gives a non commutative non-co commutative uh connected graded uh bi algebra and therefore a hover algebra more uh more interesting is the fact that I can split this core product and it's splitting is very simple I simply say uh that I want uh one in this set s that I extract to define the word as or I say explicitly I do not want to have one in there okay so this is simply the splitting that I prescribe the sum is obviously uh delta now this has some implications and these are as follows if I again go to the dual side and I define my convolution product I've stated here again in terms of this new core product I defined but I transfer also the splitting so I get two extra binary operations this left and right operations so in principle I can say okay this associative product here non commutative splits into some of those two binary operations then it turns out that this together this left and right operation in fact defines what is a non commutative shuffle algebra these are the shuffle relations there are three of them it's also what's called a dengue form algebra after Lode and as a remark we had this already available in the in the commutative setting but then it's a little bit less interesting there's only one operation because I have this particular relation between these two half shuffle core products and so I could I could already have started this introducing here now with this extra layer of structure available we can do the same we did before so first we have to to extend our map five one step further onto the double tensor algebra this is what I have done here and I in fact so I have to say how I see it in in relation to this extra tensor product and I want it to be a character so it should respect this algebraic structure and then somehow what we find out is that if I start with such a group like element phi then I can find three different infinitesimal characters such that I can phi right as this exponential is this right half shuffle fixed point equation and I call this the right half shuffle exponential because it's a little bit too to discuss why I call these exponentials and of course I can also define the infinitesimal character corresponding to the original exponential defined with respect to the associative product and there are a couple of remarks that I would say are interesting there's on the one hand I can also everything express in terms of the proper exponentials and if I want to think of the inverses then I see that this inverting those left and right half shuffle exponentials means essentially flipping from the left to right and then putting a minus here so these are non-trivial relations on the level of shuffle algebra that are quite useful if you want to really do computations here and what you can show is that with this result so with these three infinitesimal characters available and these fixed point equations and the original exponential I can we can derive these moment cumulant relations simply as an exercise in computing or evaluating such a series of left or right iterated left or right half shuffles on the word W so I mean here again this is a result that comes out from this particular computation with those half shuffle operations okay so it's on the one hand the free case with the left right half shuffle with the left half shuffle and the Boolean case with the right half shuffle sorry we should go like this and as a remark the actual exponential gives what's called the monotone moment cumulant relations but I won't go into this now I think I should speed up a little bit okay what I wanted to say is now okay let's continue with this program and do the same as we did in the in the classical case and look at this particular operation of taking the identity convoluted into the inverse of this map phi and as I said now phi is the one so to say is this this character that goes all the way back to the original non-commutative probability space we were considering and here now I define again a map that is defined on the double tens or algebra and I can I can also invert this simply by multiplying from the right with phi then in fact I find the identity written as this product of my of what I call the free weak map or the corresponding free big polynomials convoluted with phi now a couple of observations is the following so w is multiplicative so it respects the this the product on the double tensor algebra that's what I've indicated here now and it's also centered which means again if I evaluate if I take the expectation or if I evaluate my my map phi on such a polynomial that comes out of this computation up here and this is essentially zero if evaluated on a non-trivial word and I had it already earlier in the classical context if I define this partial a simply in terms of an infinitesimal character that's one only if it sees the letter a then essentially zero on any other words or bar products of words with other words and I define partial a like this so again I have my co-product here I decompose my word or my element from the double tensor algebra according to this prescription here and it essentially means I look for the letter a and if the letter a is there then since I have extracted it it's it's eliminated and where I have extracted it I put a bar this is now the rule here that's what I've tried these with these three examples here you can see now if I extract this letter a then I have to put a bar here so this this derivation applied to this word here w1 whatever prefix a then w2 whatever suffix then I put a bar here when I extract the letter a and if I take for instance a word with two a's then I get the sum so if there's a property of a derivation that if I applied to what I call a big polynomial then this is the same as first applying this derivation and then applying the big polynomial that's what I try to to say here and here are a couple of the first three three big polynomials so this terminology is essentially due to to Anchilovich called this these polynomials his way of deriving it is rather different but these the resulting polynomials we call them three big polynomials and maybe here are the the places where they they differ from in order three for instance they differ from the classical big polynomial this is here as you can see somehow here you would expect the inverse of phi applied to the to the subword a1 a3 but since we have this particularity of this bar that comes in through this core product it's not the case and the same here instead of a six in the classical case we have only a five here okay this is all due to this particular form of this core product which which makes sure that we essentially work with within the context of non-crossing partitions but you purely see them in that long word algebra and you can also compute as I said the inverse the inverse means essentially flipping so if phi was even like this but the alphas are essentially the three cumulants and I take the inverse and I have to flip the half shuffle exponential I have to put the minus sign here and so if if I if I go to the definition of this w here this was phi inverse and if you do this computation then you find this expression here that's that's clear from the construction of this core product you extract the word as so this is the tensorial part and then you have those coefficients which means evaluating this character on those subsequences now if you work this out and you really look at what it means to work with those right half shuffles with the three cumulants with minus sign then you recover a theorem by Anchilovich that has that gives an explicit expression of those three big polynomials in terms of three cumulants okay but this follows from this computation here quite straightforwardly now now we have these polynomials they somehow follow the same program from an algebraic point of view then we did in the in the classical case but one could ask why not looking at the same construction in the Boolean setting that's what I've tried to do here because if I just do this computation now expressing phi in terms of Boolean cumulants not much will change I'm just rewriting the three big polynomials in terms of the the Boolean cumulants and this is interesting but maybe not quite what we want it's that what you can show is that you can express the three big polynomials in such a way that the Boolean cumulants appear like this okay so the proof is is computational you have a certain recursion that is satisfied by the three big polynomials and you also need and this is hint at something also quite interesting that among those cumulants there are interesting relations so I can express the three cumulants in terms of the Boolean cumulants through this half shuffle adjoint action if you want so there's a nice lee theoretic perspective on the level of of of these infinitesimal characters they are they are Leo pre-lea elements in fact and this together here allows me then to express it my three big polynomials in this form here and it's this part inside here I call it a w prime so it's the identity minus the identity left half shuffle beta that define in fact the Boolean big polynomials okay so it's I call it like this I call it the Boolean big map this gives the the Boolean big polynomial so again I'm sure that you told us how they look like here we deduce them from this from this approach in shuffle hopper algebra and what you can show is there again what's called centered so if I evaluate phi on the image of such a Boolean big map so Boolean big polynomial then this is essentially zero if evaluated on which work is polynomials are related so here I'm saying okay the Boolean big polynomials can be expressed in terms of the three big polynomials by this operation the left half shuffle operation with phi and so what we what we see here is in fact so I get my three big polynomials by taking the identity and operating with the actual convolution product from the right with the inverse of my character phi then I get the Boolean big polynomials by acting on my three big polynomials in terms of my character phi here's the inverse here's phi but and here's also this left half shuffle versus the full shuffle product and so all of this actually can be understood that these big polynomials are result of the right action of the group of characters on the space of linear maps over the tensor algebra right this is this is via the convolution product in this left half shuffle and just as a remark if I would instead now operate on my Boolean big polynomials with another character or state it's the inverse so somehow I imagine I have another state available then I get what what is generally called conditionally free big polynomials so there's there's a nice way of linking those different big polynomials in non-competitive probability something that's not really obvious here at least it's not clear to me is how to to deal with the monotone the monotone side of the spectrum and okay this is the final remark I believe I can again also define new wig new product in terms of those big maps and then I have this particular property okay that's that's what I wanted to say thank you and a belated happy birthday thank you thank you very much Kirush other questions for Kirush then either put your hand up if or speak if you can speak already I just said one quick question when you go when you talked about the inverse of the left or right exponential that the left and right swaps and you have to take the negative of the argument think it was like four or five slides before I mean what happens if I want to write the inverse as the same exponential of something I mean basically you're saying that it's not trivial anymore to to find the inverse by just negating it you mean yes I mean if I really want to say what is the inverse of this with respect to the convolution product yeah then in fact I find this yes it's it's maybe less I mean in some sense it's nice but it's not as simple as just putting a minus sign in the argument of the exponential yeah yeah okay that's just a fact of life thank you we have a question of David Broadhurst okay um yes my question is related to um work by uh bedrag Sylvia Kanovic and Peter Schaubach back in the 80s which you referred to a planar field theory and the distinctive message that I remember from that work is that they said whereas you have exponentials a normal field theory in a planar field theory you have continued fractions yes and when I looked at your work with Frederick I didn't see any reference to continued fractions did they somehow get lost well at least at least the way we we look at it or we work with it yes somehow but you can solve this this fixed point equation in terms of continued fractions yes but I do not know how this would enter this this program that we that we follow in this work but it's also true that I haven't really thought too much about it but it's it's something that somehow we have not picked up that's true thank you thank you we have one more question by Ivan Bruné yes speak Ivan hi you mentioned that you don't have any formula for the monotone version just for the Boolean uh do you have a make progress no no I mean it's I have no good way of of how to think about this somewhere in some sense if I just if I use yeah can you hear me much Eric can you hear I can hear you yeah I think maybe just advance connection is a bit okay but I can hear you I said okay now you can hear me I can hear you okay uh in some sense the fact that this this is so to say the perfect description of phi in terms of this classical exponential if you want somehow makes it very hard to to to compute with it in fact some of these these fixed point type equations left and right half shuffle exponentials that result from this are very very nice useful to to do computations but if you want so if you think how the question would be how to extract from this so sorry so I can I can of course write the those uh free uh big polynomials uh in this form so I can bring in the the monotone cumulant in some sense more needed it somehow allows to to extract what could be then the the monotone big polynomials if to say so but I don't know how to how to do this so I'm not sure where the people have looked at maybe I think I have maybe has saved but I'm not so sure it's not so not so clean thank you very much I see no further hands at the moment so one thing that some people try at conferences is to unmute everyone if they can for a second and then you can do a little crap


Hello and welcome my name is Claire Nickerson, I am the learning initiatives and open educational resources librarian here at Fort Hayes State University. And my preferred pronouns are she hurts. And I'm here to talk to you today about organizing an oh your boot camp for your faculty which is something that we've done for the last three years running here at Fort Hayes so we have learned a lot and I'd like to share with you. Our learning outcomes for today. First, choose critical topics for getting faculty started on Z course projects, those would be the topics that you teach at your boot camp. Implement interactive activities for faculty getting started on Z course projects, in other words courses that use your cost course materials. And avoid the issues and challenges faced by the FHSU or your committee in implementing a boot camp. So a little bit about our boot camps. First of all, why did we decide to do boot camps. We have an ongoing mini conference series where we teach only our basics each year. So that was not the goal in fact our primary audience was faculty who had recently received one of our grants from the committee we have to well, we used to have a grant program called the open textbook grant program which was implemented in 2016. And it required some original authoring so the recipients had to either author adapt or add supplementary materials to insisting open textbook. Starting this year we replaced that with a Z course grant program where the recipients convert their course to C course, zero cost course materials, regardless of their copyright status or any original authoring required. But we do have a preference for large enrollment courses for that. In terms of organization the boot camps were organized by the OER committee, and the sessions were led by the library, which we need and staff and instructional designers from our teaching innovation and learning technology unit. We have for the past three years scheduled the boot camp for two half days during the week after finals week of the spring semester and schedules for slightly different each year, based on grant recipients schedules. We did also invite as a secondary audience and the other faculty or staff who wanted to attend, so our numbers have been gradually growing we started out pretty small. So here is the schedule for the very first boot camp we called it a beta version we did it here in the library in 2019. We started with a session called why open in which we gave attend each attendee time to read an excerpt from an article or book on open education concepts and I will show you that reading list, and then to report back and discuss with the rest of the group. And we also did a persona exercise which I'll show with you in which faculty received a basic persona and then elaborated on how that persona would relate to course materials, we only scheduled that for half an hour. And the discussion was very lively so we decided that we wanted to make it a little bit longer the following year. The second session was on project management was taught by one of our instructional designers, and she used excerpts of checklists and worksheets from the BC campus open education self publishing guide. And the session on textbook logistics which use excerpts from the open education network publishing curriculum on developing a textbook structure and textbook elements and we actually brought in textbooks from the stacks and asked faculty to analyze the structure of those books using a worksheet remember at this point in time, everyone who attended was have received an open textbook grant so they were working specifically on developing a textbook, and I will show you that worksheet that we used for the accessibility section, we went through accessibility and universal design for learning concepts when we provided accessibility checklists from BC campuses adaptation guide, and udl rubrics from cast which was formerly the center for applied special technology and you have links to these resources later on in the presentation. We gave attendees some lab time to familiarize themselves with press books at that time we had just subscribed to press books, which is an authoring software that we use for open textbooks. And then day two we started with some Q&A and reflection time for attendees to discuss what they've learned and what questions they still had for copyright and licensing we went over the basic concepts and then we played a game which I'll share with you later in the presentation. And then we brought in the librarian who manages our scholarship repository to talk about how attendees could share their work on their open textbooks. We went over how to use metadata, how to submit to OER repositories that provide peer review, and how to get print copies for students. And here is our reading list for that first session why open, we didn't have attendees read the entire articles, we just gave them short excerpts. So here is our year one persona exercise, you can see that each of these personas has a name and a student status and every profile. And then we asked attendees to use a worksheet to expand on their personas and fill them out a little bit. In terms of their approach to finances and the stresses in their life and how they might relate to course materials and we asked attendees to keep that in mind. As they continued through the rest of the workshop. We did not do this persona exercise in year two but we did bring it back in year three without the worksheet because we had limited time. And speaking of limited time, we also after year one cut this textbook examination exercise, particularly because after year one not everyone's working on a textbook and open textbook authoring projects, but these are the questions that we asked attendees to answer as they were examining their print textbooks from our library stacks. In year two, which was May 2020 we held the boot camp via zoom due to the pandemic. We do have recordings I put the link up there. They were intended primarily for internal use so we have not done any editing on those they have all of the ums and us and you know dead air at the beginning. So if you do decide to watch them just be aware of that. This was also the first year that we opened up attendance to folks who had not received one of our grants. So it's also the first year that we had a formal sign up, although we did still schedule the boot camp around the grant recipients schedule so we can make sure that they attended. So we started with the project management session, the content stayed mostly the same but we changed the order in order to accommodate the presenter schedule for the wide open session we sent out the readings ahead of time per suggestion from year one. We discovered that almost no one read them ahead of time so we might in the future want to go back to giving attendees time to read excerpts so we can have a more lively discussion. Accessibility the content stayed mostly the same, but we moved to a more formal. Traditional presentation style. We covered all tags image and video captioning tables and graphs best practice for linking all of those good things and we added a second person exercise focused on redesign and accommodation from BC campus, which is linked later in the presentation. We also did more traditional presentation on copyright and licensing using our copyright lip guide and we also have a lovely flow chart for best practices for obtaining copyrighted readings, we did keep the game, which I promise I will show to you. The primary difference from year one, aside from the fact that we conducted year two via zoom is that we tried to do some breakout sessions to accommodate attendees working on different types of projects because we had some folks who are working on open textbook projects and some folks who were just interested in the content and we're not working on open textbook projects. But unfortunately, either of those breakout sessions worked out we had to cancel the sharing and metadata one because the presenter got sick. And we actually ended up just breaking the second breakout sessions on press books and zero cost course materials into two and just doing half and half because the attendees all wanted to attend both of those. So we did not in fact do them at the same time we took turns. We also added the free to use images breakout session to encourage our open textbook authors to use more visual content, because that was something that we noticed in our early open textbooks was that they didn't use as much visual content. We also reprised our lab time and the reflection and Q&A time. And so we formalized asking for ideas for improvement for next time so in a moment I will show you our attendees feedback from that session. So here is the free to use images cheat sheet that we used for year two and also year three in that finding free to use images session. I particularly want to point out the last link in the photograph section, which is a lovely blog post that has a list of sites for finding diverse photos it has I think women in tech and people of color and individuals with disabilities, among other things. So here's some of the feedback that we got on here to attendees like having time to chat and share information and they enjoyed having a variety of speakers and session types. They enjoyed having interactive exercises like the persona exercise in the accessibility section, and they enjoyed having a list of recommended reading, even though as I said, it didn't. Most of them have not read it ahead of time. They wanted to hear more about other attendees projects or interests and reasons for attending the session at the beginning. So let me start with a broader section, a broader session. In other words, not project management, although as I said previously we did schedule it that way due to when the presenter was available. We asked for more examples of platforms and zero cost course content that others were using. We also asked to hear from faculty with experience conducting the course projects, in other words converting their courses to zero cost course materials. One of the things that attendees said that they learned they learned that copyright status is a spectrum, not a binary. They learned how to be better advocates and talk with peers about the advantages of zero resources. That was something that came up in that wide open discussion session. After we abandoned trying to talk about the recommended readings and just chatted more generally. They learned that they learned about how using Z resources empower students with additional access and flexibility so there are reasons beyond cost savings to use zero cost course materials. They learned of course that students sometimes don't buy textbooks because they can't afford them because they don't find them valuable. So here is the schedule for year three, which is this year 2021. Again, we did it via zoom. Again, we have the link for the recordings there. One of the things that we did differently for year three was we brought in faculty from the OER committee. In addition to myself and our instructional designers, and we asked the faculty to run the discussion sessions and the reflection session at the end, so that the presenters could leave and the faculty could provide some more anonymous feedback without the presenters to do it. We also decided to incorporate some lab time into each session to give attendees some time to practice the skills that they learned in each session, rather than having a separate lab time, which really improved participation in the lab time. We started with attendee introductions which replaced the wide open discussion section. We still sent out the recommended readings and that person to exercise ahead of time, but we didn't discuss that we did the attendee introductions instead for the feedback from year two. But we might bring back the discussion next year because as I said in year one we had a very lively discussion. And I think if we give attendees reading time during the session that perhaps we could reprise that lively discussion. So we followed that up with press books. We decided to use press books, basically across the boot camp, even though some attendees might not be actually authoring books, and we created a sandbox book with a chapter for each attendee to play in so they practiced later on things like uploading images and adding alt text and embedding videos, those sorts of things that are, you know, useful across platforms, even if you are not using press books specifically. Accessibility session mostly stayed the same we kept the persona exercise that was added in year two. Project management actually changed quite a bit we moved to a panel discussion. Well, we had one of our instructional designers moderate that. And then, as the coordinator for the grant programs, I was one of the panelists and we brought in also a faculty member who had recently completed an open textbook project to talk about her project management process, since that was something that attendees in year wanted that they wanted. On the second day. We spent some time on copyright and licensing. We did a presentation again with the game that I promise is coming. We spent we combined searching for zero cost course materials and free to use images. So I used a Z resource search worksheet that is linked there if you would like to take a look at it. And we went over the free to use images cheat sheet that I already showed you. And then for the Q&A and reflection, the presenters were present during the Q&A session, but absent during the reflection we had one of the faculty members who sits on the OER committee run that again so that the attendees could provide that more anonymous, certainly anonymous of course since it was someone on the OER committee but more anonymous feedback. So these are the resources that we used in the accessibility session, which is to disclaimer I did not teach this one, one of our instructional designers did. So she has added more resources to this session every year but this is the current version. Here is the current version of the copyright game. Originally in year one I did this as a card game, loosely based on I know that there is another copyright card game that exists. But then for online use via zoom I found this to be more convenient. The players got to choose one of the uses listed in the left column there, and then elaborate on the scenario, flush it out basically into something that they might actually see see themselves doing. And then as the facilitator I chose a copyright status that was appropriate to the fleshed out scenario that the players chose and elaborated on. And then the players identified the relevant protected rights involved in the scenario if there were any and for some of them there were not. And then talked about what exceptions might be relevant to that copyright scenario and how they would apply. So some somewhat of a game but also a tool to facilitate discussion around common scenarios that come up when you are considering copyright in relation to course materials. So here's some of the feedback that we got on year three attendees enjoyed getting to know press books. They were all very impressed by it, even though some of them, you know are not working on open textbook projects and haven't used it really since then. They enjoyed having lab time to practice the new skills, built into each section. I apparently also enjoyed being called on to share their progress during lab time, particularly during the zero cost course materials search session with the worksheet. If you happen to watch the recording for that one. You'll see that we talked about each step of the search process and then I plus the recording, while the faculty went off to work on their searches and then they came back and shared what they found. And that was satisfying. And they also shared that they felt really motivated to make changes to their courses after attending the boot camp. The attendees really wanted to meet in person, particularly in relation to lap time and getting personalized feedback on on their lap time, we will probably go back to being in person. Next year, hopefully circumstances will allow that they wanted to spend more time on copyright and licensing, even though that was the longest session they still felt like it was a little bit rushed so we might actually break that up into two sections. This this coming year. They wanted to receive the recommended readings a little bit earlier. I don't know if they expected that they would have read them or just wanted to know what they were earlier. As I said, I'm thinking of bringing back the discussion session, and giving them time in the discussion session to do some of the recommended reading. I also suggested moving some of the content from the second day to the first day because the second day with the copyright and the licensing and the free to use images and finding zero cost cars materials. We ended up being a little bit more intensive than the first day and they wanted to spread that out a little bit. So we just learned, of course, how to use press books, and about the resources that we have on campus to support this type of work, converting courses to use their cost course materials. They learned how to locate and should be images. So several of them said that there is a need for more Z resources in their disciplines and again felt motivated to work on that after conducting a search for zero cost course materials, and not finding as much as they would have liked. So that being said, that is all three years in a nutshell and how we made changes between the years and why we made the changes that we did. I'm happy to share any of the resources that we used if there are any resources that I didn't put on the slides that you would like. Let me know I'm happy to put links to them in the chat or you're welcome to email me if you would like, but are there any questions.