So, welcome to today's lecture where is discussing important topic of protein ligand interaction and how you can use NMR spectroscopy to understand this. So, in the previous class we looked at a very simple technique that is based on polarization transfer can be used for quick determination of a ligand which is binding or which is not binding to protein and that can be used for a screening of ligands and essentially this is high throughput technique for pharma industry to find it out what is the binding epitope whether this ligand bind to protein or not where actually on ligand site it binds to protein. That is a very simple technique but as I said let us take it to the next level and we find it out how we can use this technique for finding it out not only soluble protein also integral membrane protein or a protein on the self surface because you know the membrane proteins are one third of the total proteins and they have very, very important functions like they are involving signal transduction we discussed briefly this last class like GPCR. So, G protein couple receptors and the GPCRs are one of the primary target for drugs. So, many drugs that are discovered or designed just for the GPCR targeting. So, GPCRs are very important then pumps like molecular pumps like calcium pump potassium pump and all those or ion channels these are all membrane protein and they are also very, very important for many pharma industry. But they are difficult for solubilizing and therefore in a typical conventional way the protein ligand interaction becomes difficult because they are membrane invaded. So, their natural environment is around lipid so they cannot be solubilized and they cannot be crystallized therefore crystallography is also difficult to find protein ligand interaction in this case and this is primarily because lipid is their natural environment. Now one can crystallize one can solubilize but you need to have a lipid for these molecules. So, that becomes a project in itself here for pharma industry we need to find a target not getting into a structures. So, if you look at actually genome encodes one like almost I would say 30 percent of proteins but structure knowns are very less. So, membrane proteins although it is important target for pharma industry but structurally very, very limited knowledge we have compared to other solubil protein. Therefore, suppose you want to quickly get into this drug determination and you do not want to get into this structure solving process which takes years to solve a structure. You can use these techniques that we were discussing quickly to identify and binding ligand. So, how we do that that we will go to this technique which is called SDD we will discuss today. Here we are going to do direct observation of ligand binding to membrane protein in living cell by something called SDD NMR saturation transfer double difference. So, how we do that that is what we are going to today discuss. So, now we understand why it is difficult because membrane proteins are not soluble their lipid is their natural environment. So, we cannot do conventional SDD NMR but these are important targets. So, therefore we need to understand this and we can implement this binding by saturation transfer double difference. So, here is just a schematic suppose this is my cell surface and here is one receptor and this is environment for this protein receptor some part inside the cell and some in the membrane and some is extracellular domain. Now, this extracellular domain suppose we have a binding pocket where my molecule is binding. So, there is a binding site here and in this site the molecule like Cypher, Rg, D, C, B, F some molecule which binds. Now, this protein has protons this ligand has protons they are binding and going off. So, micro molar binding is there K on and K off is happening. So, now here what we are going to do now is same concept we are going to use it. So, this is the sequence saturation of protons on the protein side here receptor side. So, we are selectively saturating the signal on the protein or receptor side and looking at the effect of that saturation on the ligand. So, suppose you increase the saturation effect what will happen? The ligand which is the ligand proton which is quite close will be more perturbed and which is little far will be less perturbed and so and so far. So, now if you keep increasing this saturation the effect will be transferred in a distance. So, this will be like whatever is nearer to binding site will be more perturbed then this and then this if you increase this this will be perturbed this will be perturbed but this will be less perturbed. If you further increase all of them will be perturbed and that is what you can find it out the protons or the epitopes which is closer to the binding site which is little far to the binding site. So, experiment is simple in saturation transfer double difference you do not have to do much you just take a cell suspension. Just I forgot to tell you this method was developed by again the Meyer group in Germany and that was published in Jax some 14 years back. So, what we are going to do here in this experiment we are taking a cell suspension we are splitting it into two. So, this is a pent up where we have cell suspension and this cell suspension has our like membrane embedded protein or protein expression on the cell surface. So, here you can see this is solution these are all cells cell suspension. So, all this integral cells are there we are splitting into two sample that has only cell sample that has ligand and as well as cell. Now, here same thing we are doing spectrum of STD spectrum of cell and ligand we are doing STD that means, so let me explain again here STD we are going to do on both. We have total cell suspension we divided into two one where only cells are there another where cell plus ligand are there. We are going to do two STD experiment one with only cell suspension another with cell with ligand. So, here in this STD experiment we put up somewhere on minus one or so and look at the STD difference. Then here again we put up at minus one ppm or so and that effect will be visualized on the ligand. Since there are this is a point heterogeneous mixture so we do not know because ligand is not very clean. So, therefore, ligand has signal which is here also as well and cell suspension has all the signal coming from the proteins. So, if you take a difference of this STD where cell plus ligand was there and STD where only cell was there take the difference that is called saturation transfer double difference spectrum A minus spectrum B. You get few of the peaks that are actually shown in this spectrum. So, if there is no binder ligand you should get essentially zero signal because there is no saturation transfer. But if you are getting these peaks that means there is a binder and these binders peaks has like this. So, now you can record only ligand signal and you can find it out which protons in the ligand are actually interacting with this receptor. Just by this simple experiment one can find in whole cell that whether there is a binder or not. So, just again to summarize this is a little complex technique. What we are doing our target is a ligand for the receptor which is on the cell surface. For this we are doing experiment called saturation transfer double difference. We are taking the whole cell suspension. We are dividing that into two, one only with cell, one cell plus ligand. We are going to do two STD, one for sample number A, one for sample number B. Now, this two STD are subtracted if you are getting the signal in the difference double difference spectrum we identify that this suspension has ligand which actually is binding to the receptor. Now we can record the ligand spectrum and we can find it out the atoms that are involved in the interaction and that is how you can find it out in STDD that what is the binding mode. Now, let us go further and this is called this experiment is called group epitope mapping by saturation transfer difference NMR. What we want to determine this segment of a ligand in direct contact with a protein or receptor. So, suppose protein is big anyhow and ligand is also big so all the moiety in the ligand is not interacting with a protein some moiety is interacting and that is what we have to find it out that which moiety is in proximity of this. So, essentially briefly I discussed it but let us go in detail. So, here is our receptor ligand complex receptor is big ligand is small and ligand has many protons. We are selectively saturating on protein and looking at the effect of that saturation on the ligand. The only condition is that they are in micro molar binding range so K i and K off is there. So this is free ligand. Now we are doing several experiment we are increasing this saturation as strength. So, if at low saturation only direct contact protons will be shown in STD. If you increase saturation this will be shown then further increase this will be shown. So on increasing saturation you can find it out how the protons are getting affected by this transfer and this can identify the binding epitope even for the complex ligand very quickly. So, let me repeat it again here is my receptor this is my ligand. So suppose this these two are my moiety of the ligand so this binds and this does not bind. If I increase saturation first protons from here will show STD effect but if you keep increasing slowly from protons from here will also show effect STD effect. So we know that this is closure and this is little far and that is what is group epitope mapping by STD NMR. So essentially this is the pulse sequence you do basically in D2O so that you remove water background you can do even in H2O but then you need to add something called this water suppression peak. So this is water gate and then you need to have a T1 row filter just to remove the protein signal. So experiment is very very simple here is a saturation then you have a 90 degree pulse and then T1 row filter for removing the protein signal then you detect it. Now you have to increase this saturation time so if you increase the number of N saturation time will increase and that will be shown essentially on the protons of the ligand the closure one will be affected first then follow and so you have to do two experiment on resonance and off resonance where you saturate here you would not saturate and that you can do in interleaved manner and then you can subtract it to save the time. So this interleaved will save the time so you saturate it you get a STD signal if you keep increasing saturation more and more peak will be affected and that will tell you the group binding epitope. So one example here if you take a protein because proteins is huge so if you take just 1D of protein we are getting the broad signal. Now suppose you take a protein and irradiate at minus 2 ppm so minus 2 ppm is essentially some protein signal will come something from too much shielded that will be off field shift. So essentially if you take a you see this all the protein signal will be gone that means minus 2 is the right ppm for saturation. Now you do 1D with T1 row filter so as I discussed T1 row filter you can put I do not want to go in detail but T1 row filter essentially can remove all the protein signal. So here mostly we are getting now the signal coming from the ligand you can see the sharp line as we discussed previously sharp line means line from signal broad line means from complex and protein. So sharp line coming from the ligand.  So if you do STD you get these peaks and these peaks will tell that this particular ligand is interacting. Now you can increase the saturation time and you can see the effect on these different protons and that will tell you which are nearer or further. So if you do that saturation time you can plot it the effect of that as a either ligand concentration or saturation time concentration. So by doing that one can find essentially an STD amplification factor. So what is STD amplification factor? I0 means non-saturated and here is saturated divided by non-saturated into whatever ligand excess that we are adding. So now STD amplification factor can be fitted into this and that can give you binding strength of this particular protein to the ligand. So using STD amplification factor which is also possible to quantify the active ligand concentration which is therefore allowed to estimation of amount of protein needed in the STD experiment right. So here just we are increasing ligand, ligand is in excess. So here say protein is 2 micromolar, ligand is 200 micromolar. So do we need that much. So just to find it out we keep increasing the ligand concentration and you find it out what is the optimum ligand you are going to use for this particular protein target. And now you see this is giving an important aspect, suppose we are targeting one protein. Now how much like pharma industry can also take this in account that how much protein you need to saturate this receptor or to bind completely with a receptor. So that helps in determining the dose of the pharma industry. So this ligand concentration you can just get it by simply doing STD NMR. So after some time it becomes saturated and you do not need any more ligand for that. So in a specific case the ligand has a STD amplification pattern of 10 then protein concentration is 50 micromolar and ligand concentration should be 500 micromolar. So that is what it gives you the idea of saturation. As we discussed so STD amplification pattern you can find it out essentially which protons is nearer which protons is far and you can find it out here like H1, H7, H5, H4 they have a different saturation range in a ligand to concentration manner and that can be used to find it out the essentially the KD, this is ligand concentration and this is the amplification pattern for STD. So with STD one can find it out the binding epitope, we can find it out group epitope that we just looked at here, group epitope mapping, the position of the binding atoms and we can find it out what is the saturation by STD amplification pattern, what is the minimum concentration required for saturation of the receptor then we can find it out the KD. This STD is a simple module that can be added even to a 2D. So suppose we can add actually we can add STD in Toxy so you can record one STD Toxy without saturation, one STD Toxy with saturation and you can find it out here just for an example you can see these peaks are going vanishing here so you know that these peaks or even the peaks from here one can find it out that like this peak if you look at in the reference and this STD are disappeared so not only one day you can extend this to 2D but time required will be more in the 2D manner you can find it out even the side chain like many other atoms in more resolved way which is actually involved in the binding. And similar you can do in STD Toxy manner you increase the concentration of the ligand record several STD Toxy and you can find it out KD of this binding protein ligand interaction KD you can find it out also group if it up mapping you can find it out just by fitting this curve. So essentially STD is a powerful tool so what we learn the protein ligand interaction if this ligand is interacting this is non-ligand there is a K on and K off this ligand binds to protein and there is a KD K off by K on. So now what we are doing off resonance all the peaks will appear from all the ligands. Now if you saturate it the effect of this saturation is transferred to the binders and you see some of the peaks have a different intensity and you take this spectrum you can find out different spectrum and that is given by these protons of the binder that is what we looked at. So to summarize this is a ligand based NMR screening experiment to determine in a qualitative manner which compounds bind to a protein in context of drug discovery which quite rapid and you can use that as a throughput technique for finding it out binders to a protein. Now ligand mapping you can do a more advanced example we just showed use of NMR for direct characterization of protein ligand interaction at the molecular level and identification of important ligand moiety this moiety is binding or that moiety. So in a group if you took mapping one can find it out the portion of ligand we can also determine this dissociation constant KD between the protein and the ligand. So now little bit more than STD there is another method which can be used for protein ligand interaction this is called transfer NOE transfer NOE you know nuclear overhouser effect. Now transfer NOE means we are transferring the NOE from ligand to protein to find it out whether this ligand is interacting with protein or not. So this transfer NOE method is also used and this is again saturation transfer based method so for ligand protein interaction. So only thing it has to be in fast exchange and KD should be in quite a strong like 0.5 or greater than 1 micro molar and then K of also should be smaller. One can collect the 2D nosy experiment so essentially what we have to show ligand shows a single resonance like if the protein and ligand is interacting and they are exchanging very fast shows only single set of peaks and average over bound and free form and ligand generally is in access to protein that is what we transfer NOE. Quite a strong binding that should be in micro molar range and one record nosy and then ligand should show only one set of peak because they are in quite a bit of exchange and ligand should be excess of protein. So if you do that the strong NOE will develop so now this is binding right so NOE is a distance dependent phenomena. If it is binding and all the time it is spending here so then NOE will develop from complex and that is transferred to the free ligand state and that one can measure from the free ligand resonance and that can also be applicable to large molecular weight right. So NOE can be used to find it out bound conformation of ligands. So what we are saying now my ligand is binding to protein and it is exchanging so sometime it spends in bind form and sometime in free form. Now if they are complex formation the NOE will develop between in the complex and that will be shown in the spectrum, nosy spectrum. So all the NOE that coming from complex you can absorb it and find it out the protons that are in close complex of the protein molecule. So one can find it out now by what is the binding epitope in transfer NOE manner and the so now when protein will interact with the ligand now ligand NOE sign will change because now it becomes bigger molecule. So therefore the NOE cross peak relative to like sign will change and that is what one can find it out. So essentially this is the case protein has a long tau short NOE, ligand has a short tau big NOE and if it forms the complex like here the NOE pattern of the complex will change and that is what you are going to see here. So here are all those negative NOE okay so negative NOE are green this is coming from the complex and these you can find it out here if you look at this was positive NOE upon complex formation the sign had changed so this means these are the protons that essentially are binding some of them they are not changing so that means those are not binding okay. So that is what you see and that one can find it out whether it is binding or not binding. So one can find the complex ligand and one can use this information in a residue specific manner and you can find where my ligand is binding to the protein by doing by getting information from the transfer NOE and you can use this information to create a dock model something like HEDOC HEDOC is a software which can be used for getting this complex model so you can use those information to create a complex model of binding from protein to ligand. So to sum up what we have here so STD I showed you the STD can give you the binding strength like KD also the group binding epitope you can do that by quickly but STD is not only methods again polarization transfer based method like ligand protein interaction can be also used by transfer NOE in transfer NOE what we are going to do is looking at the NOG spectrum of ligand if it is in exchange with a protein in the complex form. So because of this interaction it gets a negative NOE sign and those negative NOE can be identified and those are the protons of the ligand that are interacting with the protein you can use those information to find it out which protons are interacting with a protein one can now use this information and create a dock model using HEDOC and have a complex protein ligand complex structure. So these are very very easy simple techniques that can be used in a structural biology as well as in pharma industry to find it out protein ligand interaction. Thank you very much I hope these two lectures on protein ligand interaction will be useful for you in future for drug designing, drug discovery so and so forth. Thank you looking forward to see you in the last class.


Welcome back to AT&T Training Camp. I'm Dave Archer. Here at IBM Performance Field, it was a steamy day. And there was some steam on the field as well. Both these teams were very physical defensively. I thought if you had to pick a winner, the two defensive lines were pretty good, outstanding. But there was some good plays elsewhere. And the Falcon Secondary, T's Tabor, came up with an outstanding play, a knockdown. And then Isaiah Oliver, a guy we're waiting to get on the field maybe in a game. Isaiah Oliver showed up and made a couple plays. And how about Damir Byrd? Damir Byrd had the huge catch in the game the other night against the Jets down in the red zone. He has the big time play today on a corner route catching the football. So some guys standing out, guys trying to make this football team. Remember, these are combined practices today and tomorrow when you start talking about these two teams combining with one another. And then you get the game on Saturday as we close out right here at AT&T Training Camp.


While a bowl of soup can go a long way, at least that's how a local non-profit organization sees it, they're on a mission from your stomach to Uganda. Haiti Clotter has the story. Hands of Action International has a passion for missions and international ministry. Earlier tonight they held a fundraiser at Evangelical Covenant Church to raise money for their next mission trip in February. We felt a calling just to start working in this little village in Uganda and we made a commitment to stay with them until they didn't need us anymore and so it's been six years now that we've been going there. The Soup for African missions will help send the group to Uganda. Jen Anderson is the co-founder of the organization and has made it her life mission to help others. This year the focus of the mission is community development and medical care. They're also in the process of building a new school. This will help build classrooms for children so they won't get sold into child labor. Now 50 guests could choose from Zupa Tuscana or a creamy carrot soup. Emily Nygaard went to Uganda last summer and was able to meet the child she sponsors. I picked out a kid and one thing after another and I got to meet him over there and I actually sponsored two kids so I got to meet both of them while I was over there.  There are still 500 children without a sponsor. It was incredible and I was able to go to their house to meet their family and get to know them a little bit more. Items from their store, the least of these, also helps fund missions. Here's to fighting poverty, inspiring hope and changing lives, one bowl of soup at a time. In Bemidji, Haiti-Claude, Lakeland News. Nineteen people were a part of the last trip and eight children saw their sponsors. During that trip, ten more children were sponsored. If you've enjoyed this segment of Lakeland News, please consider making a tax-deductible contribution to Lakeland Public Television.


We grew together as a family and we did it. Over 5,000 of you have installed Heartbeat, the Google Chrome extension that is dating for YouTubers. To help you collaborate, match, make, connect with each other, and if you have suggestions for Heartbeat, click here. This will take you to the support tab where you can tell the developers directly what you want to see in new versions of Heartbeat. So far, you can have your own website embedded on YouTube. Do you see the add or do you see the website tab behind me? You can add that to your channel if you have Heartbeat installed and then people can see your channel who visit or see your website when they visit your channel using Heartbeat. We give you monetization information under every video. How much money each video is estimated to make. All the Google Plus, Facebook Likes, Tweets. So you can see how popular each video is in social media. You can chat with each other by searching in comments to look at the ones that have the most words, the most likes, the most replies. So you can find people who are similar to you and it's a lot easier to search using the Heartbeat favorite comments button than it is using Google's own or YouTube's own search for the comments because you have to keep clicking show more, show more to see all the comments. The Heartbeat comments indexes every comment beneath every video so when you're searching there, you're searching everything, not just what you've loaded so far. Heartbeat is also getting chat in the next release and it's getting a task and time tracking system so you can manage your time better and see where your hours go every day. As well, if you don't have Heartbeat yet, get it right here, click this link, that'll take you to the Google Chrome Store where you can get for free Heartbeat Chrome. It installs as a browser extension, it's not a Windows app, it doesn't have any viruses and it is completely safe. If you trust me, George, and you trust Freedom, then please trust Heartbeat that it's just meant to help you connect with other people and get useful information on YouTube that YouTube itself does not display. Like tags, I forgot to mention. You can see all the tags beneath every video so you can copy them to your video if they are relevant. Now don't go spamming tags because you will lose your SEO, your search engine optimization position if you put irrelevant tags, for example. If you have a video about path of exile and you use iPhone 6 as a tag, if people search for iPhone 6 and your video happens to come up the first time, then people will run away screaming because they're looking for an iPhone 6 video not path of exiles and YouTube will penalize your video lowering you in the search results because they believe you are spamming tags and it's all about watch time now. How many minutes does each of your videos get watched after searching for videos using the tags that you've inputted? So use relevant tags, get higher watch time and then YouTube will reward you with higher search positions for your videos. Isn't that cool? Isn't that awesome? Do you have other tips to help each other grow? Tell me in the comments below and we can all grow together as a family. This is Freedom and who am I? I am George, founder of Freedom and we're giving away a $20,000 car to you to find out how to enter. Click here, these are the new YouTube cards and that little eye will take you to a video showing you all about our $20,000 new car giveaway and how to enter. We are also YouTube certified, that means Freedom passed a hard test that Google gave us. We got some training in audience development to help you grow and we are now proudly able to claim Freedom is YouTube certified, so partner with Freedom and grow with us. Let's grow together. This is the Freedom family. And we also have the MGM family. I am the founder of MGM, the multi gaming network and MGM is for me. Why? Because I'm a gamer. Are you a gamer and is MGM for you? Find out at youtube.com slash MGM. Go check them out. I am George and you've been watching. Let's discover Freedom. Click the first video to learn what is Freedom and how it helps you grow. Click the second video to learn about sponsorships for all Freedom partners, even if you have just 10 subscribers. And click the other videos like how do I leave Freedom to learn more. Click Get More Views to learn how to build your audience faster on YouTube. Click Get More CPM to learn how to make more money from your channel. And click Get More Music to learn where to get more music to spice up your videos. Click the first playlist to watch the George show on Freedom. That's my show. Or watch the Anthony show or the Alex show also on Freedom. And we will grow together as a family because this is the Freedom family. You are part of it, we are all part of it and we're all growing together. So grow with us and partner with Freedom. That play now button right there on the video bar is all you need to click to get started.


In fact, today, any consumer can be a programmer and get their video content up on the net is changing the way consumers view the web, their creative opportunities, and even how politicians run for president of the United States. Last December, Time Magazine named you as the person of the year in a salute to consumer-generated media. In that spirit, today, we are going to film a brief clip that will put up on YouTube, because we've all become programmers, and I thought that perhaps we could have the first ever YouTube video of a committee hearing from the chairman's perspective. The witnesses just wave for a second, just so that everyone will know that we're... And how about the audience? The audience is looking great, looking fabulous today. So this is what the press, if you could, thank you so much. And we need the ranking member over here, John here. He's ready for his close-up here today, excellent, and the other members of the committee. And we're on an issue down there, good to see you, Anna. So what we'll do is we'll file this, we'll put it up on YouTube later on, and we'll show that even the Congress, you know, congressional expert is an oxymoron, like jumbo shrimp bar, Salt Lake City nightlife. I mean, there really is no such thing, but anyone can put their video up on YouTube. And we're going to prove that later on today, or a few more...


But right now I just want a cow to pull them everywhere they go. The thing that I want them to read the quickest is to stop and allow time for the turn is that's it. Every day of what intentions does he have, I know what my intentions are, but I need him to switch on to that thing. And I don't even bother me. He's walking up here pretty blah blah, like alright whatever, something happened you know. You know something happened again here, whether I might be a little late, I might need to jump in there and help them and say, hey come on get up in here again, but letting that cow help me at the initial, the first week of it and getting broke and then I might start taking them off of it or even just turning them around and breaking it up, whether the cow goes somewhere and they kind of acknowledge that, hey that thing went like there just catching him and that stopped. Maybe talking back right there, you know I like to you know one cow because I can keep it at a pace where it doesn't get too fast and they're not ready for it. So when I start putting a little group in, there I can step out here and create a turn of getting on the other side of that eye. No different here, same thing of getting him up here to this cow, then I can set up another, he wants to walk off and not pay attention, it's alright, hey the cow's over here, let him have a thought. See there's that, you know he kind of lost sight of it there for just a second, but rather than hurry that, just putting them on a cow at the beginning, I really don't want to try to hold a cow so much as let a cow take me everywhere I'm going to go.


Hello and welcome back here to the channel. I'm evil rabbit. If this car looks familiar to some of you and the game looks familiar That's because we are back here on forza horizon for What? Why you gotta interrupt me dude? Sometimes that guy can be very interrupting. So we're back here on forza horizon 4 to see if I can still drift We are in one of my drift evos that I gave away back in time So before we do that I would like to thank For sponsoring another video the coldest water for sponsoring another video here for today Definitely an amazing companion for myself here gaming as well as at work keeping my water cold for 36 plus hours You know 100 plus hours depending on the size back by 10,000 plus five-star reviews on Amazon So a big thank you to the coldest water for sponsoring another video here on the channel so uh Go full send We're in the drift evo here in forza horizon 4. Okay. Yep I've got this cars Pretty slide happy all my controls are still working. Oh boy But definitely have to get back used to this game that pearlescent and green energy innovations Drift evo I gave away red ones and blue ones. I do not believe I ever gave away these speckled black and green ones So Horizon 4 definitely pulled me back here on the channel I don't know where I was trying to go with that definitely very different from a Set of course up, but we're gonna try to do our best here today and not wreck Figured I would bring the evo out because this was probably one of the last cars I really drifted in horizon 4 before I switched over to a set of course stuff But it is kind of cool to have this feel back. I feel like we can still drift. Oh Oh Man we were so close if you guys want to keep seeing forza horizon 4 video content here on the channel Let me know down in the comment section down below tap that like button subscribe if you are not a subscriber And if you guys want to get your own coldest water bottle Make sure you guys use the links down in the description box below as well as Use promo code evo 10 for 10% off your order It's evl 10 for 10% off your order when you purchase at the coldest water so I Think we can still drift don't in this little room is this little roundabout section It's got a little bit of an uphill that's BMW Got a little bit of an uphill section that we used to drift down. You can see we can't do this little City side mountain road drifting in the evo used to run some Nice stand-ups with some of my buddies and stuff back in the day here Starting to slowly get the feels back. I Feel we do have somewhat of a flow again. Oh makes up for right there. That was a huge hit Force feedback is a lot harder than I remember a lot stiffer than I remember oh boy We may need to turn the force feedback down a little bit on our wheel I'm gonna go down ten. I just love this crackle on this car So let's So turn up the crackle a little bit for you guys Nope. No come back a little bit louder of a crackle for you So I'm trying to remember this a little downhill drift section. So we're gonna go We'll send I think it started here. Maybe I'm sure but We're going We did not get that anywhere near Good enough through the traffic picking it back Around this little roundabout section And kick it around avoids a little Ford, okay Definitely very different than a set of course I must say definitely having a lot of fun with it though It's good to be back here in Horizon 4 and like I said if you guys want to keep seeing Horizon 4 content here on the channel Let me know down in the comments make sure you tap and subscribe and hit that like button the more likes the video gets The more likely I'd be inclined to bring out you guys some more Horizon 4 content. Oh boy. Oh, don't I? Women's died trying to get back into the city a little bit Stretch the legs and see you go out real quick We're gonna die. Oh, yeah, we died. Oh We didn't die fully Looks like that dude is trying to drift a Very sporty sports car Don't know why I couldn't think of the name of that car off the rip Claren couldn't think of it off the rip But I feel like the Evo is definitely back and I'm actually enjoying this little Slalom section a little street drifting. Oh We took that pull up and we're gonna go this way starting to get the flow back starting to remember How to be gentle with my steering I have it on authentic or do I have it on? 100 we're gonna go to authentic to see if that makes a difference all that makes a little bit of difference and 900 set not authentic authentic feels much nicer. Oh, yeah, that's that's what we need to be Except for not into that pole Probably one of my favorite builds I've ever done here in Horizon 4 is this car And I know a lot of you guys still have it I get you know screenshots of people who have it still in the car inventory So if you still have one of these From when I originally released the whites and the blues Let me know down in the comments if you have it. Maybe shoot me a direct message on Discord Or post it up in my discord if you are already in the discord server We'll leave the link to discord down in this triple box below We're very curious to see how many people still have these cars the numbered ones because I know I did number Six blue and I believe six red and they gave them all out fully tuned ready to ready to rip definitely had a lot of fun with that and Actually having a bit of a blast being back here in Horizon 4 It's you both still gets it. So can we still drift in Horizon 4? Yeah, we definitely can Save it. Oh save it. I know we got a slew of drift cars in our Garage we may switch up to another car here Pull out one or two more cars here for today's episode, but definitely Bring it back to nostalgia feel with this Evo here in the streets Speed zone. This should be a sideways. Oh Mind you that a little bit because that car taking the third Power system for We got it. We're good. I Can officially say I'm actually Impressed with the fact that we have not totally died Too much as I said that we go hard into the wall. So let's switch up cars see what other cars we got Because I know we have a lot of them No, I don't want to go to festival. I want to go to My cars See what we got because I know we got a lot of cars. I believe we have a drift RA We have of course all the BMWs which we started building BMWs We got our m4, which is probably one of my favorite ones. Of course, we have all the Chevy cars I used to drift in here in Horizon 4 All the FD cars the Mustangs and we got a lot So we got all these cars not a lot of them. We've used before all the Hoonigan cars I know we got a bunch of Mazdas and a bunch of RX-7s Of course, we have plenty of Nissan's Plenty of Z's street 370 GTR 350 We're just going to see what all kinds of cars we got because we got Actually two fours editions of those. I'm sure we have plenty of crates that we could be opening here for another episode but Think I think I'm feeling I think I'm feeling we should try and see if we can drift in an FD car because well It'd be very hard to see the difference between my tuned to a fully tuned FD car So we're gonna bring out Chris Forsberg's 370 Z Carding get to drive much here in Horizon. Oh, yeah, much different Definitely tell it the power increase is there Compared to that EVO we were running but we can still drift We got this. This is definitely a lot more rowdy Than that EVO was but we're also talking Massive amounts of power compared to that and angle lock But it is great to see That I can come back to Horizon 4 and not miss a beat and Still get sideways. This is gonna be death to me. I feel oh Yeah, we would have died 182 to 80 miles an hour We would definitely be ripped and dead. We're gonna try some high-speed drifting here Wanted to go into sixth not fourth So not the best at high-speed drifting just trying to clutch kick the high-speed 34 the e-brake grab Which is okay because we are back on forza. I thought we're gonna end up in the beach there for a second actually This is something else trying to do these really high-speed drifting. This car is super grippy but also very loose and It almost wants to come out of drift because we're you know upwards of 150 and higher. Oh No, we're dead.  Oh Horizon 4 I feel like I'm back In the thick of it where I was just smashing through trees in off, you know off-road races and stuff So we're gonna slow us down a little bit actually trying Just a corner to before we end this episode off this force books 370 definitely a lot of fun I don't know what happened there would not want to step out So can we still drift in Horizon 4? I feel like we can do I need a little more practice again? He most definitely so you guys want to keep seeing for their highs and full content on channel You guys know what to do if she Hit that subscribe button. I would appreciate all the support and try and get this Sweeper here None of the speed we got this though almost So I think that'll do it here for this episode here up for the horizon for bring it back some nostalgic and Having a lot of fun doing it the fan tech definitely very different on here from when I was on this with my G9 20 So I feel like getting some settings dialed in we could be back here in full form So that'll about wrap this episode up if you guys find me on social media I'll just found the description box below make sure you guys check out coldest water links are in the description box below Use code EVL 10 at checkout for 10% off your entire order. So as always, I thank you guys for coming back and watching I'm evil rabbit. I'll see you guys on the track


I'm A.N.E.D. and I farm in West Alabama and East Mississippi. I farm with my brother Mike, had the cowboy hat on a while ago, he took it off, and my twin sons, I have Seth here with me today, and I have a couple of my employees, Zach and Frazier, and we have a pretty good team over there. My farm's a family farm. It's owned by my eleven brothers and sisters of myself, so that usually gets like, oh, but only two people on the farm now that own it are my youngest brother and myself, so you can guess like another whole conversation could be like, what's your succession plan? But we don't have that yet. We'll work on it. Our roots go back to 1953, which is even before I was born. My dad and his dad and uncle bought some property in Florida and something that West talked about a minute ago was, you know, water shortages and all that, and we moved to Alabama, and we started farming that farm in, I guess, the late 80s, and then Southwest Florida Water Management District discovered that that's where they must have looked on one of those big maps like he was showing us, and they decided they needed that water holding capacity that that 10,000 acres that we had down there held, and it's just above Tampa and St. Petersburg, so they came and they said, you know, we're going to get your farm. So my dad was a real smart man, and he said, okay, let's negotiate. So anyway, that brought us to Alabama 25 years ago. We weren't raised on the farm, so everything that we know we have learned along the way, so it's maybe sometimes to our advantage because we don't know what dad did, we don't know what granddaddy did because we've had to learn it, and we've had a lot of good help with extension here in Alabama, and we really appreciate it. We have 10,000 acres. We've farmed corn, soybeans, wheat, heavy emphasis on cover crops and no-till, and that's really helped us to be better farmers and build our soil. We're certified USDA beef producers. We have Brahman Angus-type cattle, Brangus. We're a family farm, but we also consider ourselves a business, so we have to try to make a profit. We're looking at the next generation and future generations. We want to protect the environment as well as our financial perspective. It's important for us to have energy efficiency and water efficiency, and Wes talked about that, and we've heard some other people talking about that today. So when we designed our system, that was at the forefront of our system. And we first put in two pivots to see what it worked. It wasn't going to work where we're farming. We're only row-carping about 4,000 acres, but we put in about 300 acres worth of pivots to see what it paid for itself. We had asked some irrigation specialists maybe 20 years ago at Auburn to come and look at it, and they said, you know, what kind of crops are you raising now, and what do you think you'll be able to raise? And we had some real good yields in that time, and it was raining a lot and kind of at the right time. And they said, you know, you'd be better off if you just kept doing what you're doing, because it's not going to pay for itself. Well, as corn got worth a little more, and beans got worth a lot more than we kind of revisited. So the first two pivots that we put in, we made, well, we're in some sandier type soil. The corn made a hundred bushel difference where we had irrigation and where we didn't. And let me say, you know, it was when we had $758 corn. So that system, even building a 25-acre reservoir, paid for over half of itself in that first year. So, you know, like, I didn't get my PhD, but it didn't take me very long to think, ah, I better get with it and hurry up and irrigate everything we can. So the two systems that we put in were independent of each other. One, we hooked to a cow pond, and one, we built a reservoir. So we kind of looked at irrigating as much acreage as we could and trying to make a big plan where we didn't just go over here and make a pivot and over there and make a pivot and drill the well, drill the well. So it took us about a year to make a whole good plan that we felt like we could live with. I don't have to tell you about the seasonal rainfall, because most of you live in Alabama, and you know you get most of the rain in the wintertime. At least we do over in West Alabama. We get most of the rain in the wintertime. And then in the summertime, when we need it the most, it's already gone down the creek and down the Tom Bigby and down the Gulf of Mexico. So we decided we were going to have to manage our risks. If we could capture that water, and we could put it out when we needed it, we could really take out some of the risk that we have. My friend Stanley Walters didn't come today, but we were at an irrigation meeting a couple of years ago, and I think we had the $7 corn. And he said, that's all well and good if you put in that high-priced stuff. But he said, if corn goes to three or four dollars, you're not going to be able to afford to irrigate. And I said, if you don't put in the irrigation, I did some numbers real quick on my calculator. And I said, if you don't put in some irrigation and you have some dry periods, you're going to be out of business in one or two years if you have three or four dollar corn. I guess we never think it's really going to happen to us, but it did. So we found a group to help us kind of like sit down and figure out what decisions did we want to make. One of the big people influential to Mike and I on deciding all this was Dennis Bragg, and he's going to talk in a few minutes. So we went, Seth loaded up with us. We went up to North Alabama and we saw what Dennis was doing. Now, Dennis has a degree from Auburn University in engineering.  And he said, well, I started drawing them in college. So he was sitting in his classroom and he was drawing on his maps. He was drawing his irrigation pivots well. I didn't start drawing them in college and I'm really not that good at drawing circles. Mike probably is better. He could draw the reservoir in there. But anyway, we decided we needed to hurry up and get some expert advice. And we needed somebody to help us get it right because we were going to have such a big investment if we didn't get it right the first time, we were going to be all the way out of business. So first of all, we don't have very much labor. So we decided we needed to have it as automated as possible. Now, Dennis is real smart and he's engineered his, remember he's an engineer, he's engineered his where he turns on this valve and opens it a little bit and he does something else and he guts on the radio to the other guy and he says, do this, do that. And it all works as long as Dennis and his number one man are there. But I said, look, no one of us, Mike or I or Seth want to be at the farm nonstop where we all have to go and turn this and turn that. So we work to automate our system where our system, the pumps and the pivots can all be turned on by the phone or the computer or wherever we are. So by automating it costs us considerably more up front but I think it saved us more in just the ability to be able to accomplish when we need to. Where we live on the Alabama, Mississippi state line we don't have good cell phone coverage. Anybody else have that in Alabama? So without good cell phone coverage we wouldn't be able to turn it on with our computers and our systems. So we had to actually put in a Wi-Fi tower at our own expense for, we have a 25 mile radius that that Wi-Fi will carry now. So we had to do that. But we weren't going to be able to automate that without that. We tried a couple different things. Tried going to AT&T and said, you know, y'all help us boost across the state line but that didn't happen. So we needed it to be efficient. We needed it to be energy efficient as well as water efficient. I told you we needed a whole system approach. We didn't want to just go here and there and figure out later if we should have done this or that. And we were looking for a partner and experts that knew this stuff and that were going to be there to help us all along the way when we got finished and then in the future to help us grow. And it was going to have to, they had to show us a good financial return right from the start. So they came back to us with this. They got that little map like Wes was showing us a minute ago and they drew a bunch of circles, a little half circles. But we ended up with this one and it's a pretty good system. Let's see if I can see how to do this. This right here is our biggest one. I'm not that happy with that one because you see this little line through here? Well, that's a big ditch. I'm not sure that we wouldn't have been better off putting in four smaller systems. That's more efficient what we have there. But it stayed stuck a lot this year. You know if it stayed stuck, if we took that phone and we clicked it on and it went out there and it got stuck and it didn't go and we didn't get it out for a couple days or something else happened, something else happened. So this winter we just went through that ditch and straightened it out and leveled it out a bit and shallowed it up a bit and now we put in some heavy use areas if any of you have used any heavy use areas within RCS you put that fabric down you put rock down and see will it go through there. So you can ask me next year am I happy with that big pivot? I mean certainly it's more efficient if you get one big pivot and you can make it do what you want. But if you can't, I mean it's like just sitting there, it's just kind of in the way. This is where our reservoir is. Some of it's back in some trees. That's about 110 acre reservoir. That's the one Mike drew up in college. So he and Dennis were the same kind of folks that were drawing some stuff up in college that later they got to see come true. We had the 110 acre reservoir. We put in five water tronics pumps. This is our pump station right here. This big pipe's coming out of the reservoir and then it goes out this way and goes in different directions. We talked about one big pump, certainly it would be cheaper up front but what these pumps are like I brought my chauffeur otherwise known as my brother Mike if you ask me any hard questions I'll refer to my chauffeur over there they're variable rate pumps and they'll come on one at a time as the demand needs up to five pumps so if we turn on one or two pivots maybe only one pump goes and it ramps up to the variable rate to how much pressure it needs and goes on and it keeps track of the hours on each pump and it rotates them so when we need to rebuild them we rebuild them all at the same time so it took a whole bunch of thinking and talking and figuring out that really we could put in five pumps that cost a little more up front we toured the factory they tried to show us what was going on there and they had a little wet pit there and they said we'll test them for you before you come and when we first got started with this big project we just put in five pivots that we could put in real fast because we finished digging that reservoir in March so we really were going to miss most of the rain we needed that year to irrigate so we really only needed two pumps or maybe three so we talked about if we wanted to go ahead with the financial expense of buying all five pumps at once or just paying for what we needed up front and somehow I'm the one that has to watch the checkbook but somehow they convinced me to go ahead and just get those five pumps you'll have them, you'll have them you'll be ready when you're ready so we did and when we got them on they brought them and unloaded them and it's one of those turnkey systems that they worked like they said it would you know they brought all that stuff they installed it, they hooked it up we turned it on, we did a few things just a little bit of time and a little bit of irrigating they could see that it was drawn too many amps was that the right word Mike? Amps? they found it before they shipped it so it was still at the factory so anyway I think they had to take them apart and trim on them they had to get a hold of the manufacturer and trim on them pellars and adjust it to test them on their wet pivot before they sent them to us so we were glad otherwise they wouldn't have known that five of them were going to pull too many amps and cause us too many trouble so that worked out really well for us after we put in the second year that we the year we finished the reservoir we put in five pivots real fast that we didn't have to do any ditching or clearing any trees but after that we had the major part of our infrastructure in place and we already had had to pay for it so we decided to hurry up and get the rest of our pivots in and pipe and stuff that we needed in so this following year we put in 16 pivots so now we're up to 18, 19 pivots I told you about the Wi-Fi tower the broadband Wi-Fi tower and we control all of our work with a field net and we have great support and knowledge from our local Lindsay dealer Black Prairie tractor and I'll just say the great thing about them is no matter what happens we call them and they come and it's their problem whether it's we don't have good connectivity because I can't turn it on right here with my phone or something's wrong with the pivot or something's wrong with the pump or something else so if you use somebody and you put in a big system and they're responsible for all of it they don't say no that's somebody else's that's the pump people or no that's population people or no that's this people so that has really been a great help to us to just have a one stop the lessons we've learned are the timeliness and reliability of water application have improved our yield I'm going to say even with the I haven't gotten to work on the figures that we've come up with this year for irrigated and non-irrigated but I'm going to say within five years we will have paid the return over irrigation compared to not irrigating we'll have paid for all this whole system the reservoir the pump station all the pivots all the pipe everything else that we've had it's really makes a difference in that short amount of window the last couple years that we've even needed to add the water but it's really made a difference having the reservoir we control the water ourselves we have a five to one watershed there five inches of rain one inch of rain will give us five inches runoff into there and that's made a difference we talked about irrigating out of the Tom Bigby River we're a couple miles from the river but the pumping cost would have been would have probably taken about two years to pay for that reservoir there's a creek that feeds into the river we talked about pumping out of there and we weren't sure that we always had water there and either the creek or the river we're going to give us a real hard time being able to hold our pumps that we get when we get a big rain of inner the trees or just being able to protect us so I was the last holder out on building that reservoir just because of the financial cost but I was wrong about that that's really that's been just a great asset on our farm and now we control the water nobody's telling us at some later date that don't you can't pump that because that's coming out of the groundwater our future plans are to leverage the Lindsay Advantage they help us keep up with the latest technologies we're going to improve our efficiency in our irrigation knowledge and like Wes said he's been over to the farm Paul Mass said we're going to get a guy he said we're going to get a person to help us with irrigation in Alabama and Georgia and he said the test will be if he'll go over to Annie's farm because it's 200 miles from here and he's another hundred or two miles so he's been over there he's going to help us become more efficient and help us with some scheduling we don't have that down perfect yet what we know it's going to do is help us preserve the farm for now and for our future generations with that I'm going to let my partner Dennis Bragg come up here and share with you some of where he thinks irrigation is going in the future


He clearly lived a holy holy life. Why is he not Saint Thomas the campus? Ah a very a very interesting question you raised there. One of the answers which is traditionally given which is a kind of semi-legendary answer is that they found that his body had actually moved in his tomb and from this they concluded that you know he was he was actually buried before he had really died. Yes buried alive and because of this fact possibly he didn't die in a state of perfect grace.  Will it ease?


What's going on everyone? Sam here with late in sports cards and I am doing a pretty cool four box mixer for John M. We've got one box of 2022 tops tier one baseball, one box of 2022 select UFC hobby, one box of 2021 Chronicles football hobby, and one box of 2022 tops pristine baseball. So just for convenience, for viewing convenience and convenience in general, I'm gonna get pristine out of the way. Nothing against pristine it's just I mean I'm sure you guys know by now it's one of the tougher products to open so we'll knock pristine out and then we can get into some of the less card heavy and you know easier packaged products so you just like being here zero oh we're glad to have you man. Glad you like being here. All right we've got refractor Shane Bieber and Cedric Mullins purple to 99 Orioles. Got 35 of 99 that's four off jersey number got base coming up. Very Jared Kelnick nothing there got uh Enquist Carlos Correa that is gold Astros 20 of 50 nice one for you there John pick up a gold Correa. I get it there's like I think there's there's really good things and you know some tougher things about both personals and group breaks you know what I mean but glad everybody likes it you know it's definitely a lot of fun not necessarily even everybody likes it just glad glad uh people it's been more positive in general uh Jared Walsh refractor got purple Frank Robinson Orioles to 99 50 of 99 on the Frank Robinson Freddie Peralta Mike Trout got Enquist Alkaline that is not numbered for the Tigers on the Pulsar they're still looking for our autos in this too which will be cool and Matt Chapman refractors I don't know and and an A Franca honestly three Schmidt Wheeler bias pure power Mike Trout got first auto gold Patrick Corbin that is 23 of 50 for the Nationals not one you see every day in pristine so cool Patrick Corbin auto like we got a couple of autos in this we've got one soda we've got nice gold Joey Vado slice of a star for the Reds that is 38 out of 50 on the Vado congrats on that one John sweet hit man that's really cool Joey Vado uh Chas McCormick rookie Jay Ram are you serious Trey Mancini to the Astros Yankees landed Frankie Mantis too let's go what's up Sean got Xander Bogart's auto for the Red Sox nice one there rocking the city connect jerseys I apologize nice Trey Mancini the yeah I saw I saw the tweet for it too Shulman it's a good pickup for the Strauss I don't know why the couple of kind of head scratching trades to be honest though like Josh Hader to the Padres we were talking about earlier not a hundred percent sure on that one and then now the Orioles who are relatively like competing getting rid of Mancini they better have gotten a haul for them Hoy Park rookie got Mitch Hanager on the orange to 25 there you go Mariners I don't know why I couldn't think of the name for a second there plug it out man that's a Trey Mancini is now a Houston Astro oh really yeah yep and Frankie Mantis Yankees traded for him starting pitcher from the A's so we'll take that for sure I'd like to make it moves I know it's that time of the year got uh Blue Enrique Hernandez to 75 Red Sox there you go Red Sox or there you go John with a Red Sox hit I want to see something big out of tier one feeling something big out of tier one Sean let's do it not even now so give me you're good you're good no worries this is this is this is this is Joe Morgan Walker Bueller base got Josiah Gray Matt Chapman got Gold Jose Ramirez Guardians to 50 that's 9 of 50 on the J-Ram there you go and last card of pristine we got Babe Ruth Pulsar not numbered Yankees nice babe all right let's do uh let's do tier one next I think we're gonna go tier one UFC and we'll finish with Chronicles see something big out of this see a auto or a barrel something got first card is John Smoltz to 399 on the G Muse Jersey for the Braves got rookie bronze ink to 25 Kyle Muller nice brave set there on the rookie auto and nice one here to end it we've got tier one talent 27 of 175 Ozzy Smith nice uh nice wizard auto cardinals there you go all right we've got some UFC select up next hobby the UFC product man oh so cool like you pulled that Kabib last week that was sick I pulled a Amanda Nunez uh green to five a couple nights ago their personals out of one box of each two wild stuff man all right good luck here Avila got there's a Kabib Dominic Cruz Corey Sandhagan got rookie Billy uh Quarantillo or Quarantillo on the scope not numbered yeah keep keep us updated Shulman of what the Orioles are getting back for them Nate Diaz Woon Long got Kevin Holland Phenomenon that is not numbered Max Holloway Silver nice one there got Yana rookie Dustin Jacoby got Sarah McMahon on the tricolor not numbered there all thanks Baltimore I'm glad you're a Ravens fan too Shulman me and you me you Oz fan Gary and no there's we got four of us now got me Shulman Oz fan whose name is Gary and switch and then Paul M over on YouTube is a Ravens fan too so we got a couple of us now got not numbered scope that is uh Ketlin Varia Corey Sandhagan octagon side we've got Mackenzie Dern on the aqua that is to 199 select aqua still looking for our autos and mem card here we got an auto coming up unless that's a white got autograph nice uh we've got Euregia Faber bantam white red auto to 99 there you go John then we've got not numbered tricolor that is LeRone Murphy LeRone um I think we've got one box of Popscrum UEFA Champions League Macaroon so we do have one oh yeah got Umar Khabib's brother Amanda Nunez base got Conor McGregor global icons cool one there and uh Cyril Gane on the silver premiere level what's up at least you don't gotta open it next time take that any day of the week got Bryce Mitchell phenomenon and then we've got red Dustin Jacobi rookie to 125 so if you are here macaroon we will need I will need your help for sure appreciate that as always yeah do you see josh hater got traded to the Padres too are you kidding me yeah for I mean they got Taylor Rogers who's a reliever Denison Lamette one of their starters and then two prospects for him but I'm like Zane Weely got Ilya Tapuria which I'm kind of surprised about because that's what we were saying we're like the brewers are contenders and they're just traded away you can make the argument he's the best reliever in baseball when he's on he's on like sure nasty Marino Casey O'Neill got tricolor Ferris Xeon rookie like our one of our hits is going to be in here Brandon Roy Val uh Nurmaganov Shepchenko got nice peter yawn bansom wait there you go nice peter yawn that is fighter worn silver not numbered on the uh relic card and then we've got silver Kamaro Usman one of the champions f1's on a summer break I didn't know I didn't know f1 had a summer break interesting got bj pen on the uh what is that's not a rookie bj pen to 99 red autograph nice one there and very nice way to end purple algemane sterling current champion of the bansom wait 18 out of 60 on the purple congrats on that one John that's sweet thanks for you and then now we're ending with a chronicles football hobby two autos one mem out of this one Terry McClaren got gridiron king's rookie auto Greg Rousseau bills to 199 there you go congrats on that one there John nice Greg Rousseau got etn trailance base uh debon to smith red to 199 on the playoff momentum eagles got debon to smith behind that as well on the prison black and then Kyle Pitts rookie feels thick got a thickie coming up here Holmes Cole Beasley got jamar chase on the timeless treasures rookie jersey card to 399 nice jamar bangles hit there Felipe Franks remandre Stevenson got nice justin fields panini base to 199 on the red nice fields got ian book and fields on the playoff momentum gonna order nine cases of pristine dean oh boy got mica parson's prison black silver no you are not i can tell you that tico Collins jabonte rookie got jail and waddle rookie there's Sean's boy right there oh uh cadarius tony and sam ellinger got keenon allen cd lamb kirk cousins patrick sartan trailance on the uh gridiron kings got dawson knocks to 399 for the uh bills chronicles base got elie michel and adafi away twitter is blowing up right now i don't know what's going on here frankie montess uh just some of the yankees astros all right never mind thought there was more more action going on do you guys think soda gets gets moved before the end of the deadline marquise brown cadarius tony got nico collins gridiron kings rookie autograph to 75 texans nasty nico got nazi harris rookie kelan mon rookie davis mills rookie kyle pits dynegon rookie and or tribe bateman playoff rookie so uh yesterday harper came in and picked up a bunch of his uh stuff that he ordered and uh he set matt a picture that he hit a scridge auto out of prism and he goes did sam pick my boxes and then um got travis etn silvers uh legacy rookie cadarius tony trevor lorenz panini rookie got remandre stevenson purple to 49 for the uh patriots then also have a mac jones patriot rookie behind that he got six six games suspended davonta smith playoff yeah six games uh that's gonna do it for your break there john congrats on the hits thanks for hopping in we'll get those right out to you appreciate it buddy


Do you want to learn how to trade stocks and cryptocurrency join our community of traders? Go to rich picks daily calm and find the next 10 bagger Hey guys, how you doing? This is rich from rich TV live and we have some news once again from tat you can subscribe to the newsletter and You can try tat get a free pack if you're in America and they are going global Is the new name tat global alternatives ink to OBAF in America? You can see the trend is your friend is clearly trending up and in Canada currently at 421 Up 3% today on the news and let's break it down That global patent filing advanced for non-provisional status with enhanced scope of production Tat is TAT on the Canadian Securities Exchange T OBAF on the OTC QX highest tier exchange before the senior exchange and they are making the application to the NASDAQ stay tuned for that and To TP to and Frank for Germany. Hello to everybody in Germany in Europe. Everyone who is a fan of tat global alternatives Is pleased to announce that it's patent filing with the United States patent and trademark office USPTO for the technique which causes beyond tobacco trademark to taste and smell similarly to tobacco has been advanced to Non-provisional status with the assignment of a patent examiner Currently pending in a press release dated September 4 2020 Copy announced that it filed for patent protection of this refinement technique Which characterizes both tat and it's beyond tobacco based material Tat was launched at retail in Ohio in Q4 2020 and was made available to the majority of smokers H 21 plus in the United States through e-commerce in February 2021 sentiments from users of TAT have largely reflected satisfaction with the products experiential similarly to that of smoking a Tobacco cigarette despite no tobacco or nicotine content whatsoever in TATs as the company continues its efforts to build a market share in the USD 814 billion global tobacco industry patents can play an important role in its ability to establish a market position And preserve the competitive advantages that can be had from patent protection incumbent firms in the tobacco industry are among the world's top patent filers with Philip Morris International and Japan Tobacco International having being listed in the 100 top patent filers by the year in European patent office in 2016 and 2019 respectively With the company's patent filing having advanced to non-provisional status an Examiner will be assigned to review the company's claims and potentially grant a United States patent based on their findings a Provisional patent application is initially filed to establish a US filing date for invention and Must be followed by a non-provisional application within 12 months in order to proceed to formal review an invention After a patent is granted the holder generally benefits from its protection for a period of 20 years from the provisional filing date The company's non-provisional patent application filed this week has revised the initial claims to seek an enhanced scope of protection in the tobacco industry As the advice of its at the advice of its patent attorney Edmund de Frank Announced in a press release dated January 15th, 2021 Who has written and and prosecuted more than 1,000 patent and Trademark applications for clients to include Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard, IBM and NASA These changes to the claims include details regarding the flavor elements of Beyond Tobacco as well as an expanded range of materials Which can potentially be used for this purpose? Tat chief executive officer set to Cascarelli commented The intellectual property protection afforded by a patent on the Beyond Tobacco based material of Tat could improve our competitive position in the tobacco industry Aside from the fact that it would be more difficult for competitors to imitate our product It would be more practical for us to manufacture Beyond Tobacco using third-party producers instead of producing only in-house Which we currently do because the process is a trade secret, although this makes sense now I understand They've been protecting their trade secret until they get the patent and then once they get the patent and it's approved Then they can actually outsource Very smart We were pleased to advance this process in line with standard timeframes for US patent applications And we look forward to undertaking the steps to finalize the patent Which we believe can strengthen TAT as a competitive product and a uniquely better choice for smokers age 21 plus Guys go to tatglobal.com if you want to learn more about TAT You can watch a video conversation with set to Cascarella and See all the news and you can join their newsletter You can go to tri-tat.com no nicotine No tobacco Just TAT There it is Tobacco is used by 1.3 billion people worldwide many of whom aspire to leave nicotine behind and With Biden announcing that they want to reduce the nicotine intake in tobacco cigarettes TAT is well-positioned to be a leader in America and They are positioning themselves with the new name change and with everything they're doing to Grow Globally as you can see here in Canada currently at 421 and in America under the symbol TOBAF With the new name TAT Global Alternatives, Inc What do you guys think of this news? Seems like TAT's doing all the right moves. Love to know what you guys think Remember rich TV live is strictly for information and education purposes Please consult a financial advisor before you invest in anything that we talk about here in rich TV live If you've invested in TAT you are officially up over 1,000% since IPO day when they initially IPO'd at 41 cents. If you're not winning, you're not watching We bring in the winners. We brought you TAT first and we bring you the winners first Love to know what you guys think if you like the video smash the like button Comment down below share the video everywhere and subscribe if you're alive Is your boy rich from rich TV live bringing the news beyond tobacco patent filing events to non-provisional status With enhanced scope of protection big news for TAT protecting their intellectual property Protecting their trade secrets so they can go global. That's why they got the new name TAT Global Alternatives, Inc What do you guys think of your boy and I'm out? Peace


Weather forecasters use base velocities to detect mesoscale boundaries, which separate contrasting air masses. Mesoscale boundaries are important because convergence along them has the potential to initiate deep-moist convection. A couple of common types of mesoscale boundaries are outflow boundaries and sea and lake breeze fronts. Sea and lake breeze fronts mark the leading edge of cooler maritime air pressing inland from the coast, while outflow boundaries mark the leading edge of rain-cooled air spreading out from the area where thunderstorms down-draft splashes down. So to start by examining mesoscale boundaries on radar, we'll look at this loop of base reflectivity from the radar near Chicago on the afternoon of June 24, 2009, and we'll just watch the animation here for a moment. We can get the sense that there were certainly mesoscale boundaries present on this afternoon. You can see actually some thunderstorms developed along a boundary, and then they threw off their own outflow boundaries as rain-cooled air spread out from those thunderstorms, and you can pick out the boundary here. Now, we'll go back here shortly and take a closer look at some parts of this loop to really dissect what's going on. So if we watch the loop finish here, you can see there's a sort of a complex pattern of outflow boundaries. And what really happened is the outflow boundaries from those thunderstorms merged with the original lake breeze front coming inland. So we'll go back to the very beginning, and we'll watch how this loop progresses. You can see just a few frames in that we certainly have a lake breeze front that has developed. There's this enhanced zone of reflectivity, where reflectivity is a little bit higher. That's because of things like bugs and dirt that was drawn together by the low-level conversions occurring along the boundary, and you can certainly see that boundary highlighted here. Here's a lake breeze front with this linear feature of enhanced reflectivity. As the loop goes on, you can start to see that we get some higher reflectivity, some thunderstorms developed along that boundary, and actually the radar operator switched from clear air mode to precipitation mode, which is why the appearance of the radar looks much different halfway through. And you can see the thunderstorms, and then off to the west of those thunderstorms, you have the outflow boundary, the hybrid boundary, which is the outflow boundary combined with that original lake breeze front, and that continues to press farther inland from the thunderstorms that continue to develop near Chicago on this date. Now, in this case, the boundary showed up pretty nicely on this image of base reflectivity. You can follow these arcs of reflectivity, marking those boundaries, these hybrid mesoscale boundaries, and I have those labeled for you here. You can see the boundaries there, but it really seals the deal when you look at base velocities. So here's the base velocities at this time, and you can see that we have this area of incoming velocities, inbound velocities along the radials, as screen shading meets up with an area of outgoing velocities, these positive velocities along the radials, certainly a zone of convergence here sealing the deal that this was a mesoscale boundary.


How's it going? I hope everyone remembered Daylight Savings. Luckily my phone switched by itself because I have no idea how to change my microwave's time. Does anyone even know how to set those things? Let's take it over to our Movie Guy to see what's premiering this weekend. I'm Petty Officer Foster Manford, and there are two movie premieres of the Real Times 2 Cinema on Support Site this week. Friday, April 3rd at 8.30, Furious 7 is premiering. This continuation of the Fast and the Furious movies is PG-13 and follows Dominic Toretto, played by Vin Diesel, and the crew as they deal with Deckard Shaw, who is intent on avenging his brother's death. Rotten Tomatoes rates it at a solid 86 percent. Get to the theater early to beat the crowds. On Saturday at 8.30, you can see the premiere of Unfinished Business. It's rated R for Graphic Nudity and Rough Language. This comedy stars Vince Vaughn, Tom Wilkinson, and Dave Franco on a Euro business trip, while they seal an important deal. Franco's character is named Mike Pancake. Just thought you should know that. Rotten Tomatoes gives it an 11 percent fresh rating. His name is Mike Pancake? No, it's Mike Pancake. Now I'm hungry for some pancakes. Thanks, D.L. Who names their kid Mike Pancake? Speaking of kids, month of the military child is here. MWR has tons of fun events for your kids. At 11 in the morning on April 25th, kiddo's ages five and up can build airplanes. If you're anywhere between 14 to 18 years old, you can actually work for MWR. Application packets are available at the Teen Center on Support Site. The deadline to turn them in is May 8th, but don't wait till then to get in on the game. On April 27th, there is an Intro to Teen Employment Program at 5.30 at night at the Support Site Real Times 2 Cinema. For more info on these and other MWR happenings, check out their Volcano Magazine or look right below this video for phone numbers and interweb links. Let's hear what the USO has. Wait, what are you, are you eating? Yeah, I got me some pancakes. Do you also have USR news for us? Duh, take advantage of the not too hot, not too cold weather by going to Venice from the 24th through the 27th. Seating is limited, so if you have visions of gondola rides and strolling through St. Mark's Square, sign up now. You gonna put down that pancake? No, I'm gonna eat it. To help celebrate the month of the military child, the USO is hosting a free barbecue April 9th in the Village Forum from 11 in the morning to 1230. Not only is it free, but there will also be USO prizes and giveaways. If that didn't make you hungry, you should know that every Tuesday from 11 to 1230 in the afternoon, USO either serves hot dogs or tacos at the AMC Terminal at Capodokina. What's up with all the food talk today? How about we move on to Fleet and Family Support Center stuff? They have tons of classes available this month. One from the family section is the happiest baby on Thursday the 16th from 1-145 in the afternoon at the support site FFSC office. What do you know? There's a cooking class. You can learn how to make a dessert and pizza on the 20th from 10 a.m. to 1 p.m. The meet-up is at the support site TLA lobby. Check out the contact info below to register for either of those classes or check out their Facebook to see what else they have going on. My mouth is full. In this week's story, 98 smiling faces met up in the early morning for a celebratory run. I'll tell you why everyone was in such high spirits. Do you got any more of those pancakes? Community members from Naval Support Activity Naples came out to support a run with the Chiefs 5K held in celebration of the 122nd birthday of the Chief Petty Officer. People of all ages and ranks came to run all to let the Chiefs mess know how appreciated they are. Because they lead us. I mean if it wasn't for them we would probably just chickens with their heads cut off sometimes you know. You have some in your department you want to support and so you could come out there to support them just as you would like a friend or a family member you know. Of course the Naples area Chiefs were well represented. Hey for those guys out there out in the fleet out in the port right now you know say thank your Chiefs because they're out there with you guys out in that plate and they're always out there to help you guys out whenever guidance that you guys need. The official date for the Chief's birthday is April 1st. Steven Emily Donovan Landis Naples, Italy


Ca3P2 is a new high-temperature form of this material, which has a unique crystal structure consisting of a hexagonal Mn5C3 type with a Caion deficiency. This results in a stable, charge-balanced compound of Ca2 plus and P3 minus. Additionally, we observed a secondary hydride phase, Ca5P3H, which is also charge-balanced. Ca3P2 is a three-dimensional Dirac semi-metal with a highly unusual ring of Dirac nodes at the Fermi level, which is protected from gap opening by a mirror plane. This article was authored by Lilia S. Sia, Leslie M. Scope, Elizabeth M. Seibel, and others.


All that talk about Kanye's background and his love life, but now let's move on to Kanye's real estate. In late September 2021, reports surfaced that Kanye had inquired an oceanfront house in Malibu, designed by Tadeo Ando for about $57 million. Interestingly enough, before Kanye's purchase, the mansion was initially listed at an even higher price, closer to $75 million. Kanye's Malibu mansion serves as a metaphor for the artist himself, designed by Tadeo Ando, the beachside house was initially a symbol of artistic ingenuity, much like Kanye. However, both the man and his 4,000-square-foot Malibu home have experienced a decline from the inside out. Let's take a journey back in time to when Kanye purchased the home.