OK, continuing on the API side, so in 238, we really improved what we call the Datastore API. So the Datastore API is really the internal data store for GitHub 2, which is available in the API. So the Datastore is typically used by web applications, web apps, web app developers who develop apps on top of GitHub 2 and need a way to do flexible, customizable, lightweight data storage. So that could be saving different types of data models, preferences, settings, and so on for the app. The problem was that the Datastore API was fairly limited up to now. There wasn't really a way to filter and have large amounts of data and so on. So in 238, we added a bunch of features to make it more of a fully fledged data store that cannot really be used for more complex data storage needs, more complex data models which need persistence from a map perspective. So the features we added were what we call field filtering. So with the field filtering, you can then basically define which fields to return in the response on the API. This is a bit technical. This is more for app developers. So this works now very much in the same way as the normal metadata APIs. It allows you to define which fields in the JSON object you would like to return in the response using the fields parameter. So if you, for instance, have a hypothetical commodities namespace in the API, they can now define that they won't like to have the ID name, brand, match, and so on in the response. We also added paging. So now you can return entries in the Datastore in Pages. So you can set the page number and also the page size in the URL using the page and page size query parameters. This is, of course, very useful if you have a large volume of data. So if you have hundreds of thousands of entries in a namespace, then it's not really practical to retrieve all of it. Instead, you would like to do it in Pages. And this is exactly the same way as it works in the normal metadata API. We also added filtering. So you can say you can filter on any property. So if you would like to say filter on the ID or you would like to do a like filter on the name and so on, then we can also use the filter parameter in the API. And this is very useful for, let's say, web applications that would like to show lists of some kind of entity and then the filtering to find the relevant entities in the Datastore. And we also added sorting. So now you can sort the entries in the namespace by a configurable property. So you can say things like order equals name, descending, or ascending. So that allows you to, again, if you want to have a predefined order in the lists, it's very handy now to do this on the server as opposed to having to pull out all in the client-side and filter. So this was a bit technical, but the main takeaway here is that now the Datastore is a much more feature-rich store and can be used for much more complex use cases from an app-development perspective.


Oh, how to splendor handle warring in the circus for jumping so I don't think you'll have any trouble with it. Oh, sir, he's a good horse. Very handy, sir. All right. Now then, remember to stay upright in the saddle until your three lengths from the hurdle, at which time you will lower the hands and give free reign, and at the same time, lean forward as far as possible. Now, I realize all of you men have made jumps before, and I'm not telling you how to make them. What I'm stressing is the importance of making each move in unison. Oh, and one thing more, if your mount stride isn't right and you can't correct it in time, don't take any chances. Pull him up and let the others go. Is that clear? Yes, sir. All right. Now, I'll ride over to the hurdle and give you the signal we go. Good clearance, too. Oh, you might try leaning forward more, Dugan. My foot nearly slipped out of the stirrup just before we got to the hurdle, sir. Watch it the next time. Yes, sir. And you can give your mount a little more reign on the jump, Morrison. And as soon as you land and go into your first stride and regain your upright position. Yes, sir. I was just a little off balance. Well, a clean jump isn't enough. Every movement pertaining to the jump is counted four or against you by the judges. Now, any questions now? Yes, sir, if you please, sir. Oh, what is it, Warren? Well, I'd like to ride with a little shorter stirrup if I could, sir. I think I could get better balance on the jumps. Well, we'll check all that at first drill practice. Now, anything else? Did you notice if I gave enough reign on the jump? Oh, yes. That was much better, Morrison. Oh, but watch your elbows for a parent's sake. You all understand why we have to give plenty of reign in the jump now, don't you? The horse needs it. That's right. In landing, the horse has to have freedom of neck and head. And under no circumstances should he feel a bit until he has landed in the start and the stride again. Now, if there aren't any more questions, we'll check in. All right. Back to the stable. Too bad, Duggan, but I told you you wouldn't get the right splendor. Well, you didn't get to ride him. Hey, cut out the chatter up there. You're still in the tension. Now, dismount. Lead your horses into their respective stalls. You seem to get along very well with Splendor, Warren. Yes, sir. He's as nice a horse as I've ever rode. I think he and I learned to understand each other. Hope, sir, Duggan doesn't feel too badly about my getting the ride, Splendor. Oh, he'll understand. After all, it's for the good of the team. Well, that's the way I'd feel about it. And he'll feel that way, too. This splendid stall here, isn't it? That's right. Your stall is right there, Morrison. Yes, sir. Oh, come on, boy. That's right for you there, Duggan. All right, I'm settled, man. You're at ease now. How are you making out here, Duggan? All right, sir. You understand when I picked Warren to ride Splendor, I did it for the good of the team. Now, there are no personal feelings that entered into my selection. Yes, sir, I know that.  But right now, my every thought is to get a team together that will beat Edson. You see, we've just got to win that Hunter Craig trophy. As for riding and jumping with Splendor, there isn't much difference, really, but, well, but in the pivot spot, Warren seems to handle him better. And he definitely looks better. You see, he's bigger than you are, Jenny, and makes a better man for the job because of that. Yes, sir. I know he does. Well, after this contest with Edson, if we do win the trophy, you'll know what is meant by school spirit. Well, sometimes that's hard to explain what goes on in the heart. And in team play, each man feels that he's responsible, and justly so, for the success or the failure of the team. I know what you mean, sir. All right. Now bring the saddle and bridle with you, and I'll show you where it goes in the saddle room. Yes, sir. Oh, Warren, Morrison, hurry it up. Bring your equipment into the saddle room. Yes, sir. Right in here, Duggan. The third saddle rack in this row is yours. I always see that your saddle is put in the right place. Your bridle will hang on that third peg there. Yes, sir. Come on. Cheer up now. Remember, anything I do is done for the good of the team. You've got to get that spirit, Duggan. Yes, sir, I will. Well, there goes my phone. You're dismissed now. And don't forget, we'll have our first real drill tomorrow. All right, snap it up, man. Yes, sir. Is that your saddle rack, Warren? That's right. That's right next to mine. I'm the third one. I told you Splunder was too good for a plea, Duggan. You think that remarks an older Morrison? I don't see why not. No, you wouldn't. But you should understand, if we're going to BDMI, we've got to have perfect teamwork and harmony. Very true. Very true.  I just assumed to have any other horse here. I wasn't keen on the pivot position either. I just got in and rode to the best of my ability and all the tests. Well, I was picked. Really, I'd much rather see you riding Splunder. Oh, that's okay. I don't care who rides him. Not much, you don't. Well, it's long, Warren. Goodbye, Duggan. See you tomorrow afternoon. Splunder, too good for a plea. There isn't a plea that feral, because it isn't better than he is. A lot of right, he's got to talk. I notice he wasn't picked to ride Splunder. Hey, Jerry! Hi, Ely. Did I just see you talking to yourself? That's bad, Jerry. And they'll lock people up for doing that. Yeah. Hey, what's the matter with you? Something go wrong with the test? I didn't get to ride Splunder. What? Paul Warren was picked for pivot position. Oh, Jerry, really? Well, you don't think I'd kid about a thing like that? Well, I thought sure you'd get it. I wanted to get out here and see the test, but that special orderly detail took me longer than I thought it would. Sergeant Alden had each ride Splunder in pivot position and then tried turning around slowly in one spot. Say, do you have to go any place in particular right now? No, why? Well, then let's go on over to Max. My treat, huh? Okay. Well, go ahead. What were you saying about the test? No, it's all. We each tried out and Warren got it. Well, I thought because you knew Splunder so well that you'd be able to ride him better than the other fellows. No, that was the trouble. What do you mean there was the trouble? Well, Splunder was sort of excited when I got on him. I guess he was just glad to see me. And he acted up and wouldn't do what you wanted him to, is that it? No, I guess it wasn't that either. Just imagine in that. Tell me, what did Sergeant Alden say about it? Well, he said he thought Warren rode a little better in the turns than I did and that he definitely looked better on Splunder and would look better in pivot position because he was bigger. No, I see. Well, is this much, Jerry? It's for the good of the team. I mean, I'm sure there was no partiality, Sean. Oh, I know. But Sergeant Alden said that... Well, I feel that Splunder is my horse and I don't see why I... No, Jerry, look, you have no more claim on Splunder than anyone else. You know that. Oh, I know how you must feel about it. I feel kind of badly, too, that you're not going to ride him, but, well, you made the team, didn't you? Oh, sure. Well, that's the most important thing. Hmm. The amount of drill team. What's so wonderful about that? Oh, Jerry, don't talk like that. Well, you were all for it before you knew about Splunder. Now, what if Mr. Randall hadn't sent him to Fair Oaks? I wish he hadn't now. Well, Jerry, well, you should be grateful. You can see him all the time and you're on the same team with him. Now, forget it. Get in there with all you've got and ride. You're just as important to the team wherever you are as you would be riding Splunder in pivot position. When's crew practice is going to start? You forget crew practice. You've made the amount of drill team and you're going to make good on it. Hey, what's that? I didn't know that there was drill today. Well, listen. Oh, yeah. That's the dummy squad over on the drill field. Ted's most likely giving them a workout. The dummy squad? Mm-hmm. Never heard of that before. Well, come on, let's walk over by the hedge and we can watch them. Well, what is the dummy squad? That's the dummies that can't learn the drills and formations correctly. Oh. They have a special day, huh? No. No, but once in a while, Ted Metcalf gets a bunch of them together and tries to get them into shape so they won't be so awkward at regular drill. Funny, I didn't make the dummy squad. Oh, I don't know about that. I think you've been doing all right at drill for a new man. Oh, there they are. See them? Oh, could that Sergeant Drew is putting them through today? They don't look as though they like it very well. They don't like it. It takes time off their free period. Oh, look, Ted sees us. Mm-hmm. He's coming over. Well, let's see you take that glum look off your face now. You don't want to let Ted see you that way. What's the matter with me? I'm all right. Okay. On your toes now. Snappy salutes are in order. At ease, man. Well, are the tests for the mounted drill team over, Jerry? Yes, sir. Well, how did you make out? Oh, never mind the yes, sir. Oh, I made the team. Oh, good. Congratulations. Put it there. Well, you don't seem very happy about it. Well, he's a little put out because he isn't going to get to ride Splendor. Why, Jerry? Well, I want to ride him. If I'm going to be on the mounted drill team, I'm going to ride him or nobody else will. Now, wait a minute. You're sulking, Dougan. And that's not typical of Faroq's cadet. You know, it doesn't matter what mound you ride or what position you play on the mounted drill team or in baseball or in football or any of the sports. The only thing that counts is how well you play, whatever you're playing. Oh, I know that. Now, wait a minute. Let me finish. I know that man, Mr.... Your Randall? Yes. Mr. Randall sent that horse on to Faroq's with the hope that you'd get to ride him. But he also made the gift with the understanding the best man for the horse would get to use him. Now, you're spoiling the spirit of the whole thing, Dougan. Yes, no, mad-eyed. I don't like it. I'm surprised at you.  I liked you right from the start, but... Well, it's your problem, Dougan. Wait a minute, Ted. There's nothing more to be said. There's only one way for him to redeem himself. Oh, Jerry. Jerry, you're wrong, fella, really. Now, what are you talking about? Jerry, get a hold of yourself. What's the matter with you? Listen, fella, I'm going to speak my mind, too.  You painted the stack the other night with spirit. Real school spirit. But it was fun. You enjoyed doing it. Oh, Lee, cut it out. Now, you listen to me, Jerry. You're all for anything if you enjoy doing it. But I'm beginning to think you have to have things your way before you pitch in. Now, that's not the school spirit I've seen around Faroq's, Jerry. Lee, please listen to me. Oh, let's forget it. Come on. Lee, listen. I'll stay on the team and I'll make good. But I'm going to ride Splendor. I've got to ride him. I'm going to ride Splendor. I'm going to ride him or nobody else will. Jerry, take it easy. Come on, now. Let's get over to Max.  I'm going up to the room. I'll see you later, Lee. Okay. If you want it that way, maybe you'll know what you're doing. Ted Metcalf called me Dugan when I was at ease. I haven't got the spirit. Maybe I am wrong, but... Well, gee, Splendor is... I wonder if Ted really is... Ah, gee, what have I done?


Now, I just thought I'd take the opportunity to explain why I'm wearing this epilote. The reality is I'm not telling people how to vote. I respect people's right to vote how they wish. What I am saying is people from the LGBTQI community are welcome in CFA. There was a period of time in my past when I started as a volunteer that women weren't allowed to be operational. When I became a career firefighter, women weren't able to perform that role. Our Aboriginal people weren't able to vote at some stage. Our Greek, our Italian community as a kid, for me, weren't treated properly. And I hope that someone stood up in the past and said, hey, that wasn't right. These people are absolutely welcome as part of our inclusive community. That's what I'm doing today, standing up and saying the people from the LGBTQI community are absolutely welcome, as are others from other spectrums from our society. Hope you understand. Thank you.


So the final weeks of the season wrapping up for the ATP and of course the WTA Finals wrapping up the last matches for the WTA season. We have some big changes to the top 10. Also we have locked in the ATP Finals as well. The race the finals is over. Let's go over see who won last week and what is to come in the next couple weeks. So currently we still have the WTA Finals still to go. The Paris Masters last week. Novak Djokovic winning his seventh Paris Masters 6-4-6-3 beats Dimitrov in the final and almost wraps up the world number one. He's just got to win one match at the ATP Finals and he will be the world number one again. But Dimitrov had a great week and he did get a boost in the rankings after making the final. Some of the players that went up in the rankings outside the top 10. Dimitrov, he goes up to number 14 in the world three spots higher than last week. So Fulin, he goes up to number 39 in the world. A career-high six spots higher than last week beating Okras along the way of course in Paris and Dominic team back into the top hundred. Thirteen spots higher than last week to number 96 after qualifying in Paris and making it to the second round. Blazer went down to the rankings. Ozealia Seem, he's gone down 10 spots to 29 in the world. They're dropping all the points from Paris last year. Gascay also dropping nine spots to number 77 in the world after dropping points from last year and Rafferter Dahl, he's gone down 421 spots to number 661 in the world. He will start the year off next year outside the top 600 and that's because he lost all his points from Paris last year and the eight to be finals that he qualified for. So Raffer, he's going to start from scratch in January next year and the other two guys also dropping due to losing early in Paris. All right let's jump over to the WTA for now because things are starting to look really interesting because we still do have the final to be played so things can change. As the standard of the moment, Sable and Cousin number one, Sviante get two but if Sviante does win against Pagula tomorrow she will take back top spot. Goff heads a year at number three with Rabakrner at four and Pagula at five but if Pagula does beat Sviante then Pagula will get back up to number four to end the season. Bondruisava ends the season number six with Jabirre at number seven, Mukova at eight, Sakri comes in at nine and Krijikova rounds at the top ten for the WTA and that's it. After tomorrow with that final the WTA season officially ends. We've got Billie Jean King comp next week but that is not worth any points so that is the rankings with one last change still to go from tomorrow's final. Okay let's go over to the ADB rankings now because there have been some changes. No change at the top with Drogovic staying at number one, Elkres at number two, Medvedev staying at three with Sinner at four, Rubelev at five and Siti pass at six but there is a change in the middle with Holger Runa. Dropping down to number eight, making most of his variable to come up to number seven. Kasparu drops out of the top ten completely after dropping all the points from last year's ADB finals and her catch comes up into the number nine spot. Two spots higher than last week and Taylor Fritz stays in there at number ten so some changes there at the end of the season with the points from Paris and the ADB finals dropping off making way for some changes. Let's go over to the finals race now so going into the final week of the season there were three spots still left up for grabs with Drogovic staying at the top, Elkres at two and Medvedev at three, Sinner stays at four with Rubelev at five but Siti pass he qualified pretty much the first day of the tournament in Paris. Zverev also qualified about midway through the event and Holger Runa he qualified as the semi-finals happened and that is the top eight they are the players that we're going to see play in Turin in 2023. Her catch a little unlucky had a great end of the season but just couldn't quite get those points required he'll be the first alternate going into Turin and Taylor Fritz rounds out the season is number ten in the race of the finals and of course he was in the finals last year so little unlucky for Fritz as well but that's the top eight and there are some banger matches potentially in the group stage of course we did see Drogovic just play Rubelev and Runa in Paris we've seen Sinner Elkres a couple times even Elkres Medvedev has been a great match lately so looking forward to Turin in a couple of weeks where we're going to see some fire matchups to end the season so there it is that's a wrap for the WTA season almost a wrap I guess we got one more match to go and it could change things force Fjontek to be number one at the end of the year and of course on the men's side we've got the race of the finals still to go and it's locked in will there be any injuries though do you think her catch will get a chance to play Elkres seems to be the only guy that might have an injury but at this point I think we'll be set to see those guys play and like I said last week in Paris we saw some crazy matchups involving a bunch of those players so we might get to see those replays again limited in the comments below who's going to win the adb finals we've got a crazy list of Drogovic just won in Paris so he'll be the favorite but is it going to be someone else maybe a Runa maybe a Rubelev maybe Elkres can do it playing his first adb finals but the adb finals are set the WTA almost done for the year of 2023


Everyone, welcome to this special CUBE Conversation. I'm John Furrier, host of the CUBE here, remote in Washington DC, not in Palo Alto, but we're all around the world with the CUBE as we are virtual. We're here recapping the Citrix Launchpad Cloud accelerating IT modernization with CUBE alumni, Kevin Jackson, Kevin L. Jackson, CEO of GC GlobalNet. Kevin, great to see you. Thanks for coming on. No, thank you very much, John. It's always a pleasure to be on the CUBE. It's great to have you, it's got great insights, but here we're recapping the event, Citrix Launchpad Cloud Accelerated IT Modernization. And again, we're seeing this theme constantly now, IT modernization, application modernization. People are now seeing clearly what the pandemic has shown us all, that there's a lot of projects that need to be up-leveled or killed. There's a lot of things happening going on. What's your take of what you heard? Well, from a general point of view, organizations can no longer put off this digitalization and the modernization of their IT. Many of these projects have been on the shelf waiting for the right time or the budget to get right. But when the pandemic hit, everyone found themselves in the virtual world. And one of the most difficult things was how do you make decisions in the virtual world when you can't physically be with someone? How do you have a meeting when you can't shake someone's hand? And they all sort of stared at each other virtually, of course, to try to figure this out. And it dusted off all of the technologies they had on the shelf that they were told to use years ago, but just didn't feel that it was right. And now it became necessary. It became the way of life. And the thing that really jumped at me yesterday, well, jumped at me with the launch of the Launchpad for Cloud, is that Citrix honed in on the key issues with this virtual world. I mean, delivering applications, knowing what the internet state is so that you could select the right sources for information and data, and making security holistic. So you didn't have to, it was no longer sort of this bolted on thing. So, I mean, we are in the virtual world to stay. You know, you had a good call out there and honing in was a good way to put it. One quote I heard from Tim was, he said, one thing that's become painfully evident is a lot of companies are going through the pandemic and they're experiencing the criticality of the application experience. And he says, application experience is the new currency. Okay, so the pandemic, we all kind of know what's going on there. It's highlighting all the needs. But this idea of an application experience is the new currency is a very interesting comment because, I mean, you nailed it. Everyone's working from home. The whole work is shifting. And the applications, they kind of weren't designed to be this way, 100%. Right, right. You know, the thing about the old IT was that you would build something and you would deploy it and you would use it for a period of time. You know, a year, two years, three years, and then there would be an upgrade. You would upgrade your hardware. You would upgrade your applications. And then you go through the process again. You know, what was it referred to as, it wasn't modernization, but it was refresh. You know, you would refresh everything. Well, today, refresh occurs every day, sometimes two or three times a day. And you don't even know it's occurring, especially in the application world, right? I think I was looking at something about Chrome. And I think we're at like Chrome 95. It's like Chrome is updated constantly as a regular course of business. So you have to deploy this, understand when it's going to be deployed. And the customers and users, you can't stop their work. So this whole application delivery and security aspect is completely different than before. That's why this, you know, this intent-driven solution that Citrix has come up with is so revolutionary. I mean, by being able to know the real business needs and requirements and then translating them to real policies that can be enforced, you can really, I guess, project the needs, requirements of the organization anywhere in the world immediately with the applications and with this security platform. I want to get your reaction to something because that's right on the point there. Because when we look at the security piece and the applications, you see, okay, your mind goes, okay, old IT, new IT. Now with cloud, with the pandemic, showing that cloud scale matters, a couple of themes have come from that used to be inside the ropes concepts. Virtualization, virtual, and automation. Those two concepts are going mainstream because now automation with data and virtual, virtual work, virtual queue, we're doing virtual, virtualization is coming here. So building on those things, new things are happening around those two concepts. Automation is becoming much more programmable, much more real time, not just repetitive tasks. Virtual is not just doing virtual work from home, it's integrating that virtual experience into other applications. This requires a whole new organizational structure mindset. What's your thoughts on that? Well, one of the things is the whole concept of automation, it used to be a nice to have. Something that you could do maybe to improve your particular process, not all of the processes. And then it became the only way of reacting to reality. Humans, it was no longer possible for humans to recognize a need to change and then execute on that change within the allotted time. So that's why automation became a critical element of every business process. And then it expanded that this automated process needed to be connect and interact with that automated process and the age of the API. And then the organization grew from only relying on itself to relying on its ecosystem. Now an organization had to automate their communications, their integration, the transfer of data and information. So automation is key to business and globalization creates that requirement or magnifies that requirement. One of the things we heard in the event was obviously Citrix has the experience with virtual apps, virtual desktop, all that stuff. We know that. But as the cloud grows in, they're making a direct statement around, we're going to, Citrix is going to add value on top of the cloud services because that's the reality of the hybrid and now soon to be multi-cloud workflows or architectures. How do you see that evolving? Because is that something that's being driven by the cloud, the app experience or both? What's your take on that focus of Citrix taking their concepts and leadership to add value on top of the cloud? To be honest, I don't like referring to the cloud. It gives an impression that there's only a single cloud and it's the same no matter what. That couldn't be further from the truth. A typical organization will consume services from three to five cloud service providers. And these providers aren't working with each other. Their services are unique, independent. And it's up to the enterprise to determine which applications and how those applications are presented to their employees. So it's the enterprise that's responsible for the employee experience, integrating data from one cloud service provider to another cloud service provider within this automated business process or multiple business processes. So I see Citrix is really helping the enterprise to continually monitor performance from these independent cloud service provider and to optimize that experience. You know, the things like where is the application being consumed for? What is the latency today on the internet? What type of throughput do I need from cloud service provider A versus cloud service provider B? All of this is continually changing. So it's the enterprise that needs to constantly monitor the performance and degradation and look at outages and all of that. So I think Citrix is on point by understanding that there's no single cloud. Hybrid and multi-cloud is the cloud. It's the real world. You know, that's a great call out. I think it's naive for enterprises to think that, you know, Microsoft is sitting there saying, hmm, let's figure out a way to really work well with AWS and vice versa, right? I mean, and you got Google, right? They all have their own specialties. I mean, Amazon Web Service has a great compliance action going on there, much stronger than Microsoft. Microsoft's got much deeper legacy and integration to their base and Google's doing great with developers. So they're all kind of picking their lanes but they all exist. So the question in the enterprise is what? Do I, how do I deal with that? And again, this is an opportunity for Citrix, right? So this kind of comes down to the single pane of class Dave Vellante always talks about or how do I manage this new environment that I need to operate in? Because I will want to take advantage of, say, some of the Google goodness and the Azure and the AWS. But now I got my own on-premises. Bear Metal's growing. You see more Bear Metal deals going down now because the cloud operations has come on-premises. Yeah, and in fact, that's hybrid IT, right? I always see that there are an enterprise, when enterprise thinks about modernizing or digitally transforming a business process, you have three options, right? You could put it in your own data center. And in fact, building a data center and optimizing a data center for a particular process is the cheapest and most efficient way of executing a business process. But it's only cheaper and efficient if that process is also stable and consistent. I'll say, but some are like that. But you can also do a managed service provider. But that is a distinctly different approach. And the third option is a cloud service provider. So this is a hybrid IT environment. It's not just cloud. It's sort of, you know, it's not smart to think everything's going to go into the cloud. It's distributed computing. We've seen this movie before. Yeah, yeah, absolutely. I mean, in today's paperless world, don't you still use a pen and paper and pencil? Yes, the right tool for the right job. So it's hybrid IT. Cloud is not always the perfect thing. And that's something that I believe Citrus has looked at, that interface between the enterprise and all these choices when it comes to delivering applications, delivering the data, integrating that data and making it secure. And I think that's a winning positioning to have this app experience, concurrency narrative because that ultimately is an outcome that you need to win on. And with cloud and the cloud scale, it goes on with all the multiple services now available. The company's business model is app driven, right? That's their application. So I love that, I love that narrative. I also like this idea of app delivery and security. It's kind of, you know, in the weeds a little bit, but it highlights this hybrid IT concept you were saying. So I got to ask you as the expert in the industry in this area, you know, as you have intent, what they call intent-driven solution for app delivery and security, self-healing, continuous optimization, et cetera, et cetera, the KPIs are changing, right? So I want to get your thoughts on that because now as IT shifts to be much faster, whether it's security teams or IT teams to service that DevOps speed shifting left that everyone talks about, what's the KPIs that are changing? What is the new KPIs that the managers and people can work through as a North Star or just tactically, what's your thoughts? Well, actually every KPI has to relate to either the customer experience or the employee experience and sometimes even more important your business partner experience. That's the integration of these business processes. And one of the most important aspects that people really don't think about is the API, the application programming interface. You know, you think about software applications and you think about hardware, but how is this hardware deployed? How do you deploy and expand the number of servers servers based upon more usage from your customer? It's via the API. You manage the customer experience via APIs.  You manage how efficient and effective your employees are through their experience with the IT and the applications through the API. So it's all about that, you know, that experience. Everybody yells customer experience, but it's also your employee experience and your partner experience. So that depends upon this integrated holistic approach to applications and the API security. The web app, the management of bots and the protection of your APIs. Yeah, they're really nailing it. I think the position is good. You know, if you can get faster app delivery, keep the security in line and not bolted on to the fact and reduce costs, that's a winning formula. And obviously stitching together a service layer of app and software for all the cloud services is really key. I got to ask you though, Kevin, since you and I have rift on the cube about this before, more importantly now than ever with the pandemic, look at the work edge, people working at home and what's that causing the office spaces changing the entire network architecture. I mean, I was talking to a big enterprise and say, oh yeah, we had the network for the commercial and the network for kind of dial up, now 100% provisioned for everyone at home. The radical change to the structural interface has completely changed the game. What is your view on this? I mean, give us your, where does it go? What happens next? So it's not what's next, it's where we are right now. You need to be able to be work from anywhere at any time across a multiple devices. And on top of that, you have to be able to adapt to constant change in both the devices, the applications, the environment and the business model. I did an interview with Citrix, actually from an RV in the middle of a park, right? And it's like, you did video, we did it live, I think it was through LinkedIn Live, but I mean, you need to be able to do anything from anywhere. And the enterprise needs to support that business imperative. So I think that's key, it's not the future, it's to the day. Yeah, I mean, the final question I have for you is, okay, is the frog in the boiling water? At what point does the CIO and the IT leaders, I mean, their minds are probably blown. I can only imagine the conversations I've been having it's been, you know, be agile, do it in the cloud, do it at speed, fix the security, programmable infrastructure. Why, how fast can I run? This is the management challenge. What's your, how are people dealing with this when you talk with them? First of all, the IT professional needs to focus on the business needs, the business requirements, the business key performance indicators, not technology, and the business ROI. The CIO has to be right there in the C-suite of understanding what's needed by the business. And that also has to be an expert in being able to translate these business KPIs into IT requirements, all right? And understanding that all of this is gonna be within a realm of constant change. So the CIO, the CTO, and the IT professional needs to realize their key deliverable is business performance. Kevin, great insight. Love having you on theCUBE. Thanks for coming on. I really appreciate your time, highlighting and recapping the Citrix at the cloud event, accelerating IT monitoring. Can't go fast enough. People want, they want to go faster. Faster, faster, yes. It's great stuff. Thanks for coming on. I appreciate it. Thank you, John. I really enjoyed it. Okay, it's theCUBE conversation. I'm John Furrier, host of theCUBE. Thanks for watching.


What's up everybody jason from jazzy's case breaks calm we just sold out 2021 hit parade autograph big box hobby break Series five one box break random a letter number four and again guys There are at least five roundly inserted autograph items in this big box loaded with stars and Hall of Famer's featuring Josh Allen Conor Mcdavy, Walter Pan, Hank Aaron, Fernando Tatis and much more. Remember this is a 18 spot break Everybody gets a random letter from the list below Here's a Dutch roller. Here's the customer names and the combo numbers and letters Remember guys also to it's gonna go by first letter of his or her last name that appears on the item or car As an example if a killing in Bop it's pulled it'll go to M for in Bop if we pull a Dominic Calvert Lewin, it's gonna go to the C spot and any letter not represented on this list will be randomized as a group if there are Multiple hits will randomize those out separately and not as one lot It's a good luck roll the dice two and a one three times one Two three one Two s down to J So roll with S Logan. You have the combo spot Jeremy with F Ryan with W Andrew with K next over with C Karen with T Joe with L Calhooker with a next over with D Victor with G next over with E Mark with M Joshua, sorry Josh Melton with H Logan with B next over with R my tower with P and Spencer with J All right, let me go grab this case guys At TWC Whatever it all right. Well same thing as the last one guys. This one's numbered 43 43 out of 50 And I'm gonna open it up here, and then we'll throw the items here on the table item here Switch things are One item right here another item right here heard item right here Actually guys this one actually has six items one two three four five and six Got an extra item that's always at least five, but you guys got we got to sell out that filler guys If you guys want to break that tonight Down to five love guys Frank the tank Kaminsky It is Frank Kaminsky try star thanks So that would be letter K Andrew with letter K. That's okay is Andrew Julio excellent charges Keenan Allen Keenan Allen Chargers Jersey Letter a cow Hoover and Kyle's been actually getting some hits and this one or the jerseys Third item Autograph baseball. Wow Miguel Cabrera. Wow sweet baseball. Look at that right on the sweet spot That is awesome Letters see mixed over all right next one autograph Jersey Schneider Miracle on ice I forgot the first guy's name though Schneider though.  All right two more items guys fanatics Houston that number 16 or number 10. Is that de under Hopkins? I'd be de hop good thing a little fanatic to do a little bar Oh Unless that's Andre Johnson, but I think it's Hopkins I mean looking at the autograph looks like D and an H and that looks like a 10 But I'll double check we're not finally found the website. That's not cuckoo TT That'd be wild if they put that dude in here. Yes, it is de under it is hop It's a little bleeding in already, but it is Hopkins There you go Nice H going to Josh Melton. It's a cool football though All righty last one here guys Again guys we want to try to get that filler done. That'd be a perfect time to get it done now That'd be the last thing we do if no one else is gonna feel anything Tampa Bay Buccaneers Kishan Vaughn letter V Letter V is part of the combo spot Logan There you go Logan So you guys got an extra hit guys it was six hits in this one party guys and there you go That was the big box right there guys really appreciate it. That was our only other big box I think that was in stock But pretty sure you guys hopefully we get some more of this Jaspy's case breaks calm Let's try to get this filler done guys. This is the only closest break that's down to five guys You have a chance to win a team like the pelicans that are worth Over 160 Thunder were 150 One thing actually sorry the pelicans they were a little bit more but 150 160 magic 140 Suns nets are over the spot price or at the spot price I should say and the pace is the only team that are under the spot price guys But you have a 10 out of 15 shot guys To get some teams that are double your money. So appreciate it guys Jaspy's case breaks calm


They should be on YouTube. What's his name at the moment? Turn me like, but also turn me recorders, and back to you then, if you're on YouTube. OK, I don't know. Great. OK, ladies and gentlemen, it gives me great pleasure to introduce our next speaker. And that's Martin McDowell. And Martin is a local man. He is education and development officer with the North of Ireland Family History Society, who have a DNA project for the North of Ireland that has over 1,600 people. And the North of Ireland Family History Society had done a wonderful job recruiting people from the North of Ireland. And of all of the people in the group were finding cousins within the group that they never knew existed. It's a wonderful way of bringing people together. And they've done a great job with that. And those numbers in the project are getting higher and higher all the time. And so it's great that we're here in Belfast, because we're going to get lots more recruits. And a lot of those recruits will be your third cousins, your second cousins, who will have that family Bible or the letters in the attic that give you the information about the brick wall ancestor that you're trying to find out about. So please give a warm round of applause for Martin McDowell, who will be talking to us about DNA and the North of Ireland Family History Society. All right, thanks very much indeed. Let me unmute you. OK. And it's just in your pocket. OK. That's grand, so everybody can hear. And just that button there. You are now live. Thanks very much for inviting me along and for giving me the opportunity to talk today. I'm going to be giving you a bit of information about the North of Ireland Family History Society, what we're doing to promote DNA about our courses. Then I'm going to take you through just very simply about our project and how it can help you. And then we're going to look at some research that we've been doing recently comparing population figures to testing data. So we're looking at people who have tested their DNA. And is that working? Is there a bit of an echo? No, it's just that we need to move this up a little bit. And that should be, in fact, I'm going to pinch your jumper and put it there. And that's, let me put it there. OK. Whoops. That should be OK. Is that better now? Is that better? Great. So that's the way we're going to do this talk. Sorry, it's full of it. It's full of it, yeah. OK. Let's pinch a little bit more, put it up there. And that should do the trick. Now. OK. Sorry about your t-shirt. No, sorry. Thanks very much. OK. So firstly, about the North of Ireland Family History Society, we have 10 branches in Northern Ireland. That is very useful in that it doesn't really matter what branch you join. It's the branch that is closest to where you live. And it's a really good way of joining in to the genealogical community and making contacts with people who are also doing research. We'll have 1,100 members worldwide. We have two types of memberships. We have a branch membership. That's people who go to branch meetings. And we have associate memberships as well. It is possible to be an associate membership and to buy that and purchase it, even if you live in Northern Ireland, if you don't want to go to branch meetings. One of the advantages of having a family history society is that we have a research library in Utnabai. Now, that is the headquarters for all 10 branches of the society. And it's very useful in that there's a lot of unique genealogical information in that library. We have some collections that are not available anywhere else. And that can be very useful to do traditional research on your family tree. If you haven't been there, try and get down. It's open to the public between two and eight on a Tuesday. But it can also be opened on request. And if any associate members or anyone wants to come to it at any stage from around the world, we will open it. One of the things that we have is people doing traditional research within the society. So over the last number of years, we are trying to raise awareness. And we're trying to get people who have got a good genealogical background, who have got good family trees already, to take DNA tests. Because the two work together. And DNA complements a family tree. It helps you to get through your brick walls. And when the traditional genealogy fails, DNA can get you that way further back and can help you to make connections that wouldn't have been possible with the existing genealogical data that's available. As you know, probably anyone who's been researching family from Ireland hits a roadblock of 1,800. And you can't really get much back beyond that. And that's where DNA comes into play. So the two things have to work together. You do have to do the work on your research because DNA doesn't replace that, but it does complement it. OK. So within this society, we have been trying to be very active to promote DNA. And what we're doing is we do a lot of talks at the branch meetings to try and encourage new people to talk and to demystify DNA and explain how it all works. We'll have a journal that comes out twice a year. We also produce newsletters. That's something we'll probably need to be doing more of. At the moment, that's traditional genealogy mostly. But we do promote DNA events and our DNA courses, whatever, through our journals and newsletters as well. We're doing outreach, an event like today, where we have a stand just outside the door. We also attend other furs and community events throughout Northern Ireland. And that is a really useful way of getting in contact with people and bringing genealogy to people who are not currently researching. And we've had a good experience of that over the last few years, even just at country furs that are just normal community events. We can bring in family history and try to get people researching. And what we can also do is bring DNA kits along. And then that encourages people to test and widens out the testing community. One of the success stories, I think, we've had within the society is training courses. We've got a leaflet here on, right, I've gone again. I shouldn't be moving about. What have we done? Oh, it's just dropped it up, though. Actually, maybe it would be better to put it like that. So there's less chance of it actually dropping off. I'll just put that there. And you're good to go. All right, sorry about that. For now. So we have actually got printouts today on our training courses. These are available at the North of Ireland Family History stand on the Family Tree DNA stand. There's also some of these. If anyone wants one at the end, they can come up and get it. But basically, it's just letting you see what courses we're doing over the next few months. We're going to be doing training courses. In relation to DNA, this is we're going to be doing a training course on Family Finder, which is a three-week two-hour session per night. And it's about how to use Family Finder, how to use the chromosome browser, and how to actually use the tools that you get when you get DNA results. We also do a course on a jet match. And we're doing an advanced autosomal course as well. And we're also having one on MyHeritage, which I think there's a lot of people in Ireland yet aren't using MyHeritage. And it's a very good site to get matches on. And the test is totally compatible. So you only really need to test with one company. But if you already have results from Family Tree DNA, you can upload them free of charge to MyHeritage. And then you can benefit from checking for DNA matches in their database. We also do courses on why DNA and on using Lazarus, which is a way of recreating the DNA of deceased ancestors. But we're not currently running them in the spring program. But we will be running them again. So you can always find details of our courses on our website. Another way that we support learning is through the monthly interest group. So when people come to a DNA course, or even if they haven't been at one, they're more than welcome to come to our monthly interest group meetings that are held on the fourth Saturday of each month between 2 and 4 at our research center. And it's a way of reinforcing the knowledge. And people just come sometimes to ask a question. They might not even stay for very long. They just want to ask something. They know we're going to be there at that time. They ask in the leaf. But most people do actually tend to stay for the entire time. And sometimes at the end of the day, it's hard getting people out because they're enjoying themselves that much. They want to stay on. So it is a good way of getting in contact and actually learning off each other. So it's not supposed to be a formal course. It's supposed to be about people helping each other. And that's what is happening. That's really good to see that. We do have a website. We have some information on our society website about DNA testing. And we'll have a link there to the DNA project, which I'm going to be talking about in a minute. But we probably need to put more information on DNA on our website. And that's really a work in progress at the moment. The other thing that we do is introductory talks. This is a growing thing where we're now being asked to do talks not within our own branch network, but actually to outside community organizations. So that's another way, as I said earlier, about broadening out the whole subject of DNA and getting people to test. So historical societies and community groups are now starting to ask for talks on DNA. And that is really useful because it's just raising the profile and making it a bit more normal of a thing to do. I know that a few years ago, people used to sort of go, why would you test your DNA? And there was a bit of suspicion about it. Now that's all gone, and it's becoming quite normal. And I think that's a good thing. All right, so now we're moving on to the DNA project. I'm just going to give you some information about how it could be useful to you. We're trying to promote DNA testing, as I said earlier. We're giving information and support. So once you're a part of the project, you can then feed into that. It's all about sharing results and about facilitating connections. So that's why we encourage everybody to upload their tree information and their surname information. If you don't share that information, it's very hard to find a connection. So that's really important. So it's those types of basics that we're trying to encourage people to do. And it's really working quite well. When I look through the project group and our members, it's very obvious that nearly everybody has a tree on nearly every account that they manage. So that's a really good thing, and we're continuing to do that. Another good advantage of the project, and particularly because we're part of the society, is that we can distribute DNA kits. So it means that people have easy access to them. They're not having to pay for postage and order one from America every time they want one. They can just come to the research center or to a branch meeting or speak to one of the administrators and we can get them a kit whenever they want one. It saves them the postage charges, which is excellent. But what we can also do is give them discounts. And that's really good too. So it helps to encourage DNA testing. And I will say at this point that there's no advantage to the society in promoting DNA. We don't actually benefit from this, but it is benefiting our members. And we can supply kits to non-members of the society as well. Okay, a little bit now about the project. And a lot of people do say, why do I join a project? Now, this would also apply to other projects as well as the North of Ireland one. But basically, if you look at the section of your results, now I've shown here family finder results, but it would also apply to YDNA or MTDNA. Down here is the bit that everybody misses. You can see the arrow pointing towards it, advanced matches. If you click on that, it helps to see who you match within a particular project. And a lot of people don't know that they can do this. So when you click on that advanced matches button, it brings you through to the screen. And three clicks will help you to see who you match within the project. So first you have to highlight what type of test you want to compare with. So in this case, because we are primarily an autosomal project, that's what I'm gonna be talking about, family finder autosomal DNA today. So you put a tick in against family finder or whatever type of DNA you want to test. Then you have to select what project you want to look at. So if you have joined multiple projects, you're able to do this in any of the projects. So in this case, you're selecting North of Ireland and just press the Run Report button. Once you do that, you will get a list of everyone who you match within the project. Something like that. So you're getting a list of names. You can see at the left-hand side the person's name. You can see what test they've actually done. The little blue symbol is showing you that they've uploaded a family tree. So you can see there, that's a sample of my matches within the project. And you can see that pretty much everybody has uploaded a tree, and that wasn't actually a fixed slide. That was just a screenshot I took and that just happened to be on it. It was pretty typical of all of the results. So that is actually the same information that you're getting on your matches page. So if you click on the name as you can find out more information, that tree will still take you through to the same tree that you're accessing through your matches page. And if you put a note onto your matches page, the note is also available there. There's a little green box at the bottom one you can see there and that's showing you that you have put a note there. So it's also accessible from that page and it's giving you the relationships over here. So it's a useful way to do it. I think it's particularly useful if you have joined a project group and you want to look at a particular group of people and find if you have any connections to them. So how I would find that being used is if you joined the North of Ireland DNA project, you can find out if you have ancestors who came from Ulster and we do find people doing that. We'll find people who would maybe don't know their genetic background, maybe because they're adopted and there's other jealousy or they maybe haven't done enough research yet and just by looking at the number of matches that are getting within the project, they can tend to find out how many ancestors they may have from Ulster. I've been having a look at this in a bit of detail. I'm coming on to this in a moment but I will say now that if you have all 16 of your two times great grandparents from Ulster, I find that most people within the project group will have between 50 and 75 matches. So that's pretty good and really I would say if you have a small number of matches within the project that is indicating that you don't have too many of your ancestors from Ulster because we do have a pretty tight group where we have a lot of Ulster DNA actually in the project. Now, when I mentioned Ulster, I'm talking about the nine counties. So we are the north of Ireland family history society. That is not the six counties of Northern Ireland. That's why we don't use that name. We also cover Kavan, Monaghan and Donegal. So it's the old traditional Ulster. So that's one thing you can do if you're using the project group. There's other things as well. That's where you click onto it on your homepage, just on the left hand side down towards the bottom you can see a list of all the projects that you have joined. In this case, I'm going to show you what's in the north of Ireland one and that's how you will actually view the project by clicking on that. You can view the results. So you can look to see if you match somebody on YDNA or MTDNA. You can have a look at the actual results there. If you want to do Family Finder, you do have to use the advanced matches screen that I've showed you already there. You can contact the administrators and hopefully we are quite responsive and that we're getting back to you very quickly and that we're helping you to do things and to improve your knowledge of DNA. So if you have any particular questions or your problems with a tree or something, you can definitely contact us and we'll try to help you as best we can. You can view your project statistics and I think that's very important because you can see the scope of the project and again this applies to any project that you join. So you can see how many people within the project have done all different types of tests. You just get a number but it gives you a feel for it. You can see the total numbers. You can also see how many people have done a particular type of test that you maybe have done. So that is giving you information and that is allowing you to say if you would expect maybe to find matches within that project. So sometimes it's useful just even to have a glance down those figures and say, well probably the best way to say it is the scope of the project. All right, there's also a message board and that's called an activity fade and it's very useful for asking questions by reading the questions that other people have asked and maybe that helps you to learn but the message board is only visible to members of the project. So once you join you will be able to access that but it's not available to anyone who would just go to the North of Ireland DNA project page. It also works a little bit like Facebook and that you can like messages and whatever and it shows that you've actually viewed them but that can be a useful thing and will encourage people to post more there and actually put on something say about ancestors and maybe try to find links and contacts within the group. That's what the message board looks like and you can see there that's the messages being posted. You just keep going down, you can go back to the very first message that was posted. Oh, at the left hand side you can see the names of the administrators and you click on them to get the email address and actually contact them then. And there is a blue button there if anyone wants to give us any money for banned DNA kits. Yeah, you can certainly do that too. Okay, moving on now to family founder project matches. It's all about cousins and actually trying to find connections to people within the project and also within family founder itself. So by testing your DNA, it's always a good thing to do. You can compare your results with others. That's how it all works because everybody gets their DNA from the same ancestors. It's all passed down and it's those comparisons is what you're making. Most people's DNA is going back at least to their five times great grandparents and that is the start of what I'm trying to explain to you today. Because your DNA is going that far back in the north of Ireland, you're probably not gonna know who these people are but it's really good to know that you do have their DNA because that's what we're gonna be coming on to in a second. Each person has 128 five times great grandparents. Now, as I said, we don't know who these are but what we may know is who your two times great grandparents are.  The names of your two times great grandparents could indicate either the names of the places where these people were living and it can help you to make connections back beyond where you know. An example that I had recently was I found a third cousin in the last couple of weeks and the third cousin has verified for me a sister for my great grandfather and it's a sister that was born before birth. Should I forget, started in 1864. So I had suspected that this family was actually linked to my family but I couldn't prove it before but the DNA link has managed to do that for me. So it's very, very useful but what I was able to do was I was then able because this person who had tested was living in England they had not been able to access the family history records that are held within Northern Ireland. So what I was able to do was I was able to give them their three times, their four times and their five times great grandparents because I had been able to access information and prove them and I was able to prove them through DNA as well. So that is something that could happen to you if you find a match that's maybe not that far back you might find that the person that you have the match with has more information than you because maybe they've been able to access a different set of records. So, you know, it's very useful to get that type of information so I got something out of it but the other person got probably considerably more. I just want to mention that I find that one of the most important facts about doing a DNA test is verification and it's something that I think we need to stress more. A lot of people say to me, why do a DNA test? I have a good family tree and my response to that is normally you have done research, you have... There's a chance that maybe you've made a mistake and your research isn't correct. There's also a chance that the paper trail was not actually the same as your DNA trail and what you can do is by doing your DNA test and finding links through the ancestors on your family tree, you can prove that these people were actually your ancestors. Now, I think anyone who's done a traditional family tree should be very, very pleased to do that because it's helping you to look at your tree and know these people were your ancestors and it's giving you that solid proof that you don't get from purely following a paper trail. Right, so now I'm going to get into what I'm talking today about the project matches and what I'm trying to do is look at population statistics and compare them to the people in the project and the amount of DNA that you have whenever you take a test. So what I've been doing is looking at people's five times great grandparents and I did a series of sums and found out that because we'll have an 1800 block, I'm trying to look a bit further back. I don't want to look at 1800 because we'll have a lot of information about our ancestors who maybe lived in 1800. I want to try and stretch this a bit here and go back to 1750 and look at something that may be a generation or two further back than what you can currently get when you're doing your traditional family history research in Northern Ireland or in Ulster. So we've been looking at population figures and I've been helping this by my friend Daniel Brown who's sitting down at the back here. He's an Australian from, well, he has a doctorate in modern history from Queen's University and he's been looking at population figures for me and helping me to make sure that what I'm using here is the best guess because we don't have exact figures before the census. The first census in Ireland was in 1821 and from then there was population statistics available but as I said, I'm trying to concentrate here in 1750 to produce something that's going to help people so it's before that. So we're dealing with estimates and we're looking at historical records to see what we can find and we're trying to estimate what the population of the North of Ireland and again by that I mean the nine counties in 1750. The other point I want to make at this stage and I'm going to be coming onto this in a minute is that any population group is made up of different generations. It may seem a very simple thing to say but basically if these people were living in family groups some people here would be testing and their five times great grandparents may have been children in 1750, other people it might have been the older community but basically because DNA is inherited what I'm trying to do is look at a generation in 1750 because there's going to be people that are related to each other living in 1750 and there are going to be different generations that have inherited DNA from each other so I'm trying to split that out and I'll be explaining that more in a minute. So this is just a couple of estimates that we've got. The first one is the population of Ireland. It's been estimated in Sean Connolly's book Divided a Kingdom. It came out in 2008 and he has estimated that the population of Ireland in 1753 was between 2.2 million and 2.57 million. So just so it can't be accused of falsifying these figures I'm going for the higher figure here I'm going for the 2.57 million and I'm looking at that and then we were looking at what the population of the north of Ireland might have been at that time. We'll come up with an estimate of 750,000. Now that's based on a work by Kennedy Miller and Gurran people in population change which have indexed at the top there and the information that they give was they estimated that the population in 1732 was 600,000 and in 1766 it was 824,000. So basically we went for a figure that was in between that but there's always a chance that figures that were given for estimating in that century were underestimates. So they could be underestimates but we're hoping because it took the higher figure for Ireland compared to the two of them that's actually 29% of the total of the population of Ireland. Now why that is significant because when we look at Ulster after 1821 when the census came in we find that the range of population compared to the total population of Ireland was around 30%. So 29% seemed pretty good and that's what we come up with. So that's 750,000 people living in Ulster. So if you have got Ulster heritage those people are your ancestors. We just don't know the names at the moment. So I was then thinking that people live obviously there's gonna be different generations living in 1750 as I mentioned earlier. So that means we were looking at 250,000 people that were living in different generations at that time. So now we're gonna look a bit more at DNA because that's the population statistics. So as I mentioned earlier everyone has your 128 ancestors and you're gonna be looking for partial DNA samples like a little match down here you're seeing at the bottom in chromosome 10. You're gonna try and find people that have the same segment of DNA because that means that they inherited that from the same ancestor. Okay, so we're looking for a partial DNA sample. Obviously we're not gonna have the entire DNA of everyone who lived in 1750 but we're gonna try and see how many potential people in 1750 we may have a partial DNA sample of. And when you're looking back you don't have a sample from all of your 128 five times great grandparents but you can't keep absorbing DNA. Every generation it's been halved. It's going down because everyone is getting half from their father and half from their mother. So around 100 or maybe more it varies per person and it's to do with the randomness of inheritance that if 100 people, sorry if 100 of your ancestors at the five times great grandparent level are giving you DNA that means that you have a segment from those people that is potentially traceable when you have matches within the database. So if you could just highlight all of these people it follows that because we have 250,000 individuals that were trying to find their DNA in 1750 if we compare that and we're saying that they're all representing 100 of their ancestors we could potentially test 2,500 people with purely Ulster heritage and that would give us a partial DNA sample of everybody but obviously that's not possible because you're not going to be able to identify those people but everybody who has Ulster heritage is going to be able to contribute to the overall figures that we're achieving. And I'm just going to come to that now. So it's just to look how many we have. There's over 900 people in the North of Ireland project that have auto-summel DNA results. Now not everyone has all of their ancestors from Ulster because people have ancestors from Scotland, from England, from all different countries. So that has to be taken into account and when I was looking at this area and trying to come up with some statistics I took all that into account. So I was trying to look at people's information and to see if I knew that people had ancestors from other parts of the country I was making an alliance for that. And obviously some people are very good at testing large numbers of family members and I'm giving that myself and I know that some members of our project group have done exactly the same. So if you test all your siblings that's really good and it's great for DNA but in terms of what I'm trying to do here and look at estimates it's actually not a very helpful thing because you're representing the same ancestors. It is very useful and it is giving you more DNA from these particular ancestors and that's what it's a good thing to do but I have to discount those figures. So if I know that there's five siblings within a group I'm only counting their DNA once because otherwise it would be falsifying the figures that I'm trying to come up with. Okay, so every day this is going up as new people are joining our project but what I have found is that I've estimated that around 39,000 ancestors are currently represented within our database and if you compare that to the generational figure for 1750 that is working out at 15.8% of the population in 1750. Now how that can be used is if you're testing your DNA and again we need more people to test their DNA but if you're testing the reason I'm producing these figures is to try to illustrate that Ulster has a lot of people tested. They're not all living here but people with Ulster heritage are testing. I've only based my statistics on people within our project group. There's a lot more people who have not joined the project that are in family tree DNA and another testing databases as well but the more people that we can get together on the one database the more useful it is for everybody. So having a partial DNA sample of approximately 15% of the population of 1750 is really useful to know because if anyone is thinking what's the point in me doing a DNA test my ancestors aren't going to have tested well that shows there's really valuable information here and there's a real good potential for matching and that's what it's all about and we're trying to increase that all the time. So the next thing is what we're gonna do to make this better. The first thing we're gonna try and encourage more people to join our project that means people who currently have results because our project as I think I mentioned earlier is hosted on family tree DNA. We also need new people to test and hopefully an event such as this is helping towards that. So we're getting people to test and therefore if they join the project group then that is going to increase the number of ancestors that are represented and help us to find matches. Just to give you an example of how useful the matches is. I had a look at a member of our project group who I've been helping with our DNA and I was just looking at the amount of matches which she's been getting recently and it's what we weren't achieving a few years ago. It's really increasing. She's getting a lot higher matches and she's getting them a lot more frequently and this is because we have got a higher representation of our ancestors DNA within there. There's more people to match with and there's larger segments coming along that you can then find matches with. So I find that that is what's happening. So just to give you a precise example here on the 8th of December she got a match which was 90 centimorgans or 90 units of DNA in size. Anyone who's done family find her will know that's probably quite a good match to get. On the 21st of December she got one of 92. Now this was on a totally different family line so it's not as if this was one person who was testing different members of their family that she was matching to. This was all through her family try. She was also finding matching names as well which is really useful and places. On the 10th of July she got another one which was 210 and just a couple of days ago on the 13th of February she got another one of 151. How I know this is that as an administrator when there's a close match found within a project group the administrators are notified of this and if I know people personally or if they come to my group I'm able then to help them with this match and maybe help them to focus on where they should be looking on their tray. So all of these four matches were in different family lines and the last two there were probably second cousins once removed. Now this lady had hit a brick wall, hadn't got an awful lot of information but she did have areas and each one of these matches was hitting these specific areas. So that was useful. If you've tested with another company we want you to transfer your results over and join our project. So it's about people on Family Treaty and joining the project. It's about new people testing and it's also about people transferring their results over from other companies and you can do that free of charge. It's called an autosomal transfer and if you've tested with Ancestry or 23andMe or MyHeritage you can do that and you can come over and transfer your results over. If you do have problems with the transfer process because some kits don't work because of a change made by Ancestry to the heading of the raw data if you do have problems with that contact one of the administrators and we will help you rectify those problems and get your results transferred okay. It's better for everyone to have their ancestors on the one database. At the moment within Ulster we've been very lucky in that Family Treaty DNA seems to be the preferred company that people have been using. Also because of the society we have the easy access to Family Treaty DNA kits and we've been able to sell them at a reduced price and because of that then the majority of people in Ulster I would say have tested with Family Treaty DNA that helps because if you split them over the different databases you're only comparing your results with people who have tested in the same database. And I would say that Family Treaty DNA definitely have the biggest database of people with North of Ireland heritage and that's really good. So if you have North of Ireland Ancestry you want to see your matches on Family Finder because that could potentially get you back beyond a brick wall and that's what we're all trying to achieve to work on our family trees. So that's basically what I want to say. I'll just give you another couple of statistics. I based the figures that I had there on 833 people who have got Family Finder results within our project group but there's also people who have transferred their results from other companies. There's another 104 of them so I've also included those in the figures and the figure I said was over 39,000 precisely it was 39,562 and I have more results I've noticed come through last night and I've had more requests to join the project than I didn't do yet because I was too busy looking at this presentation but I'll be doing them tonight and that figure will continue to grow. We're getting about 20 people a week at the moment wanting to join the project which is really encouraging. So I think it's growing and I think it's going to benefit everybody but don't forget what I said earlier about looking at the advanced matches because if we're getting people joining all the time you're going to be able to see who you match and it's going to be particularly useful if you maybe only have one family line from Ulster because then that means that you can look and you can look and see who you match within the project and you're a pretty good idea if you only have one family line from Ulster that those people are related to you on that line and that's giving you a basis to start on. It may not turn out to be correct but it's an assumption and that's what you have to do with DNA. You have to have a method or a way of looking or trying to navigate through and find your matches and confirm them. So that's really what I want to say to you today. Anyone questions or let you hand over to you. Thanks very much Martin. Well that was a really, that was an excellent presentation so thank you very much for that. I think it's particularly encouraging to see that you have access to almost 39,000 ancestors from that 1750 generation, generation born in 1750 which of course would take me back to my four or five times, five times, right? Yes, just like, just exactly like you said and I'm mainly Dublin Irish on my mother's side and then all over the country on my father's side and that 16% figure is really interesting and I think as more people join that will, it's not going to be a linear increase, it's actually going to be exponential so the more people that join the figure will actually increase faster and faster and faster. So questions for Martin. And congratulations by the way to the North Valiant Family History Society and our team working on the North Valiant DNA project because they've done a wonderful job and I think it is the way forward actually that we actually get these type of projects which have a large DNA database and coupling that with a large genealogical database because having the two in combination makes it a very, very powerful tool for connecting new members with genetic cousins and therefore breaking through brick walls in their own ancestry. So questions for Martin? Are any questions about DNA at all? Any questions from the North Valiant Family History Society on their own project? Okay. Good. Thank you for that. Thank you for joining. Yes, I will approve it later. Thank you. Another point to make of course is that anyone who tests a family tree DNA today gets to the North Valiant Family History Society so that 16% figure is probably going to go up to 20% by the end of the day. Hopefully, yes, that would be good. And I would say probably, what would you estimate that figure's going to be, say, six months time and 12 months time? I mean, it's risen very, very fast. I did the statistics at Christmas time. I spent a lot of my Christmas holidays trying to pour through this and work it all out. My figure at the time was 37,000 from Christmas, it's went up to 39 and a half. So that shows that it's quite a meteoric rise we're having and that is just because new people are joining the group and because we have so many people awaiting results. So at the moment I think we have about 30 or 40 people who have our waiting results that are currently being processed. We also have nearly 200 kits which have been purchased and which have been bought on FamilyFinder that have not yet been returned to FamilyTreeDNA for testing. So all of those are going to be bringing in a lot of unique ancestral segments that are going to help us all with our family tree. And then there's hopefully, hundreds of kits going to be sold today and that's going to help as well. And we have a question over here. We're going to bring the mic over in the cross. Here we go. Thank you. I just wanted to ask, Martin, how do you deal whenever you're teaching your new recruits? How do you answer the question that they very well will ask? Who are only strange people that I've never heard of? And where's my third cousin gone? Yes, we do get a lot of that. We find a lot of people are finding connections within the society. Sometimes that goes down very well because people within the society are finding they've got connections that they didn't know about. They've known people in maybe 20, 30 years and sometimes that brings great delight. Sometimes maybe not so much. But it's always good to know that you have those connections. Sometimes in our classes, we are finding that people who are sitting in the same room, and maybe we haven't even got many people in the room and we could be under 10. And we're finding that maybe two of those people have quite a close, autosomal link. And it gives people an opportunity to talk about it, to exchange information. And I feel that the society network enables that to take place. So is that answering what you, yeah? We have another question here. If you transfer in from Ancestry.co to familyDNA, does that automatically then come to yourselves? No, you have to then join the project. So what you have to do is you have to log into your kit and then if you go to your website and go to your DNA page, there's a link there. As long as you're logged in to your kit at the time, when you press that button, it will bring you through to the join page. Or the other way to do it is you can go to projects, join a project at the top of your home page on Family2DNA and you can go and look at all the different projects available and you'll find us in the dual geographic project section. It's all divided up into different sections, but because we're primarily an autosomal project, that's where you'll find us. So sometimes it comes up as a suggestion for people and it will say you may want to join this, so you may find it there as well, but you can do it straight through your website. It might be easier to access the information that way. Thank you. That's great, I'm glad to hear that, thank you. Completely agree. I think there are a lot of these family finder or autosomal DNA projects around, but I think very few of them have the kind of templates that they need to actually move the project forward. And I think those figures that you have presented on the coverage of the ancestors that were born around 1750 is something that now a lot of other autosomal projects, like the one that you have in the north of Ireland, they're going to copy that and I think that definitely is the way forward. We have a question here from Jared. Martin, thank you very much, so it's a great presentation. Two questions. First, I was at the launch of a very interesting project last week, which was Beyond 2022 and it's the anniversary of the burning of all the records. Yes. The hazel, which used the records, they tried to fetch them in the records office in Dublin. So probably the records office of Northern Ireland, the National Archives of Ireland, the National Archives of UK have come together with some principal researchers and they're going to recreate virtually all the records of London. Yes. And as much as the records as possible. And that's really good because it'll provide access for people who'll be able to access information that they can't otherwise find and that would be really useful and that will complement DNA and that will help people then once maybe they get a lead through DNA or they find something that they could potentially follow, then they can then go back to the paper records and access that site as you're saying and get a bit further back and actually put a name to these people. Sir, can you break down which of those would be referenced? A theory that means that the majority of all of their four ancestors came from the county? Yes, yes, I can do that. Yeah, what I've actually been doing is trying to estimate per person. So I've been looking at two times great-grandparent data and extrapolating back to five times great-grandparent data because people don't always know the names of their five times great-grandparents. But what I can do is check the number of matches and that is helping and that is supporting and showing that we must be working it out right because basically I can look at people's tree data and then I can look at the number of matches and I can do it either way. So if I look at the tree data first, I nearly know how many matches they're gonna have in the project before I even look or I can do it vice versa. So as I said, it's very useful for people who don't know their heritage because if you look at your number of matches, that is giving you an indication towards how many ancestors you may have from Ulster. Now, what I should have mentioned earlier was the RHD and Atlas project. There's gonna be a talk on that tomorrow by Ed Gilbert at half past two, but he found a unique genetic cluster that was faithful to the borders of the old province of Ulster, probably due to the Ulster plantation and movements and that has been supported by what I have found. I did read his information and it wasn't until I started to analyze some of this data that I realized that it was actually being supported. A lot of people do have ancestors from a myriad of different places, but I did find the vast majority of people from Ulster were maybe if they did have ancestors outside of Northern Ireland, they were more likely to be in Cavan, Monaghan and Donegal than at any of the other counties within Ireland and that was interesting because I felt that what I was finding was supporting what Ed had found and he's gonna be doing a talk tomorrow and be explaining that in a lot more detail and probably a lot of detail that I wouldn't understand, but he'll be giving a full presentation on that tomorrow. There's a great question because I think what Ed did in the Irish DNA Atlas was he looked at people who had eight great grandparents from the same 50 kilometer radius. So he was getting a very localized snapshot of the genetic makeup of Ireland from 1850, which was two years after the great famine. People of the British Isles Project had something similar. They looked at four grandparents from the same localized area and they looked at 2,000 people and they got this wonderful map of Britain and Northern Ireland and the various genetic groups were geographically located. So it's gonna be very similar to the people you have in the Northern Ireland Family History Society. A lot of them will actually have four grandparents from that same localized area and of course grandparents roughly born about 1880. You get a genetic snapshot of Northern Ireland in 1880. So a lot of this information now will be added in to a lot of the academic projects in due course and we're gonna get finer and finer detail of the genetic makeup of Northern Ireland from the late 1800s. And that's gonna be very, very helpful for people, especially from the diaspora, who have no idea where in Ireland or Britain their ancestors came from. They do an autosomal DNA test like the family finder. They tie into your data, the data from all of these academic projects which will eventually be collated in one place and they'll be able to be told 10% of your ancestor of your DNA comes from Kevin, 10% of your DNA comes from Manna, 20% from Armagh, 30% from Tipperary and the rest are from the Orkney Islands. So it really will help focus your research and that's going to be very, very useful. Another question for Martin? Yep, we have a question over here. Very, very informative talk this morning. Thank you so very much. I met you some time ago and with your help I was able to get a lot further back than I ever thought I would. So my sincere thanks to you, Martin. Thank you very much. Thank you. Pardon me. I'm just wondering, have any of the M222 been identified on family DNA? We do have members of that group within our project but that is related to why DNA? Oh, I know. Yeah, so as I said, we are predominantly an autosomal DNA project but yes, yes, we would have some information, yes. That's good. Any good match? On names, you see, because I'm potentially on that to Nile of the Nile hostages. Yes. And I've asked as a result of going to your artist lecture, three or four male relatives are encouraged to take your test. Great. So thank you. With the wide DNA, I was going to say that I've lost between the thoughts. Sorry, I was going to say that. I still don't know what I was going to say to you there. M222? No, it's gone. No, it's gone. It was a good point. It was a great point. I got it but nobody else did, sorry. The wine with Lachlan, the Lachlan of the wide DNA line. It's not going back to me, sorry about that, I forgot most of it. I got that up at nine not earlier. I don't feel like that. But it's a very interesting point because of course, even though this is an autosomal DNA project, which deals primarily with all of the problems apart from the wide DNA, it will be overlapping. So there is a lot of overlap. I remember that, yeah. Yes, I remember what I was going to say. It was really a very simple point. What I was going to say was if you're using advanced matches, if you join the project group and use advanced matches, you saw that I clicked on the family founder button. You will get a wide DNA button coming up if you've done a wide DNA test. So you will be able to click that button and then look within whatever project you have joined and see who you match on wide DNA within that project. And hopefully that will bring you up some of the matching hub look group. Sorry, that's what we're going to say. One last question for me. When do you think we're going to hit the magic number of 100% coverage of the ancestors from 75th? I've had that done to do with it. It would be the end of the year. Well, listen, thanks very much. Thank you very much. That's very much, congratulations. Very well, very well. That was a joy, that was got a gold button. No, you did extremely well. Extremely well. And it's all still recording, so I better turn it off. Yes. My name's Peter Mike William. Nice to meet you. Yeah, I'll be here the next two days. I'll be in the family tree, then I stop.  But I've got everything here. We can't force us to turn off the recording. We can't force us to turn off the recording. No, thanks.