So what interests me is navigation, which is one of very important functions that the factory system needs to perform. And in particular, I'm interested in navigation because this is how orders look like in the real world. They're not very simple. We've heard this concept several times during this conference. Turbulence is the norm in the environment. It's always there. And so finding the source of an order is a very complex problem. And so I'm going to tell you about behavior and physics and try to make a sense of how these two come together and try to put numbers into what's easy and what's complicated and why something is easy and why something is complicated. And I want to tell you right away that all of the experiments that I'll show, that's the work of David Goyer and Venki Murti. And this is when David was a postdoc in Venki's lab. So I acknowledge them and when I'll say we did this, it's always they. So please remember this. And so the outline of the talk is very simple. I'll give you a very brief introduction. And then I'll go into the data and then I'll tell you something about the physics of the order that we are delivering to these animals. And then I'll go back to data and try to make sense of what we see. Okay. So this is a very famous experiment that you probably all saw before. If you did, please complain so we'll skip to the next slide. I remind you what this is. I really like it so I'm very happy that I have to remind you. So this is 1939 and it's full month and co-authors. And what he did is he put a rat here at the start of this maze. And the rat would go into this circular maze and he would explore and get bored very quickly and then go on the other side and explore the arm and at the end of the arm there would be food. And he did this for a little while and then the next day and the rat comes back and what comes out is the following, what happened and more, whatever, I don't know, probably, probably. Anyway, in this case at least we learned something very important so in this case we learned something very important which is that when the rat the next day comes back and it explores the maze, the only arm that he was used to is blocked and so then what do you think the rat did? What arm did he explore first? But if you know the answer, don't answer it. Can you guess what do you think? Did he go to 9 and 10 because they are closer or bang they had very hard against this close wall, that's possible. Any other guess? Back to the start, interesting, anything else? Well, the answer was very interesting because the rats went to the arm number 7 with a very high probability which this was the very first indication that we have a map of space and this is, I think for a physicist, the fact that there is a map of space and then after this a bunch of behavior experiments and then we now know a lot about the neural correlates where this map of space is held, this is really interesting and in fact all faction is one of the ways we can construct this map of space, these are very recent results and so I really like to start with this but in fact navigation, for navigation we don't only need to know where we are in space, we also need to know where things are and make decisions as to what our best shot is to get to the place we want to go, to the target. You are not a rat, so rats are very smart. Why to the left? No, but he is much smarter because he knows this is a short cut.  I've got to say part of the reason why I think navigation is cool is because I'm really, I cannot do it and if Google map wasn't there I could never do it. So I understand that we may have problems but rats are really good and in fact moths are even better. We've heard this over and over and over. They are able to use these airborne plumes, so complicated plumes to get to the female, this is the male moth and the female is very far away and it's emitting very few molecules and in fact it looks like the moth is not only able to use information from this complex turbulent plumes, it's used to it so it's able to respond to it so if you give it some artificially smooth signal it actually gets confused. This is what's represented in this beautiful paper. It gets confused and it doesn't go straight and it starts to move around. So the very simple question that we asked. So there's a lot known about insects as we know, as we've just heard, very beautiful work and in fact what we asked the first time that we talked with Vanky and David is Rodents are able to use these airborne plumes. Somebody before said this is relevant for mice because mice use airborne plumes. In fact there are not a whole lot of evidence that mice use airborne complex plumes because usually the way we do the experiments are we deliver the odor right next to the nose or we don't even pay attention how we deliver the odor or we don't want to test directly this area. So we set out to ask this first very simple question and this is the way we decided to do it. This is a box, it's about a half meter, it's a cube and it's transparent and we have three locations, we remember have three locations, one, two, three. At each location there are two tubes, one tube delivers odor and the other one delivers odor. Sorry, odor and water. Okay so the mice are thirsty and so they want to get water. And so then we switch on one of the three sources of the odor. At each time it's a different one, it's a sort of random number and when we open the odor, the valve for the odor, we also open the valve for the water. So as soon as the mouse gets to the correct source of the odor, it can drink. Okay and it's thirsty so it's encouraged to do it as fast as possible. And we repeat this over and over and over. There is an inflow and there is an exhaust so the air motion is pretty complicated in this box and this is the matter of the second part of the talk. Okay so this is the structure, the temporal structure of the task. There is a pre-order period which is about half a minute where there is no odor, no water and then we switch on odor and water for 20 seconds. Okay so at most they'll drink for 20 seconds. This is the scheme of the arena and the question is do mice do it? And in fact, so this is a slightly different version of the arena where the odor and the water are not delivered exactly at the same place but for all of the data they're actually co-localized. So what should, yeah there are three sources, sorry, all of the sources are at the... So the flow rate from the vent is huge. It's one meter per second and it's 10 centimeters. And from below it's much smaller. It's like a few centimeters, it's not that much smaller per second, the velocity but the size of the source is very small. It's a few millimeters, much less. It's a few millimeters, the diameter of the tube. And so this is a movie of a mouse performing the task. And what you've seen is green dots appearing as soon as the odor went on and I'll show it again. So a green dot appears as soon as the odor is delivered and a blue dot appears as soon as the mouse gets there and it starts leaking. This is under infrared and the other thing that we did is we put the valves for opening the different sources very far away from the box so that they couldn't have auditory cues to decide. And it turns out that the mouse actually sniffs in the air and does the task and performs pretty well. And what you're looking at here is red trajectories are the ones that from location go directly to the right source and blue trajectories are ones that are a little longer and go check the wrong source first and get to the correct location later. This will be important for later. Okay, so let's quantify performance. This is the first qualitative way of quantifying performance. This is the first day so the mouse has never seen the task before. He doesn't know what to do. And what you're looking at is each line here is one trial and there is a black dot at each time that the mouse is at the correct location. The odor is on here and it's off here. So these are 20 seconds and this is the pre-order period. And so you can see that the mouse is at the correct source location independently on whether the odor is on or off. He doesn't know the task yet. But then eventually after several days of training, they get it right very fast. So you can see if you follow one of these trials, as soon as you put the odor on, they get to the correct source location in very few seconds and they stay there consistently until the end. So let's re-plot this information in an easily readable way. So this is the time at target as a function of days of training and we can see that the mice learn pretty fast how to do the task. This is the other number that I'll use to quantify their behavior, although there is no punishment when they get to the wrong location first. So there's no reason for them to get it right at the first time, but it will be important for the end. So already early in training, 80% of the time, they get to the correct location first in 80% of the time. Okay, so the answer to the first question is yes, mice are able to use these complex odors coming from the air. And the next question, of course, is how? What is their navigation strategy? How can they do this? And in order to answer this question, we need some physics. So these are numerical simulations. So what I did here is I simulated the Navier-Stokes equations, which are the equations that govern how air moves. And together with the Navier-Stokes equations, I integrated the equation of a lot of particles to see where they would go. They would start from the source and then they would go around transported by this flow. And this allows me to reconstruct what's the concentration of the odor at each point in space and time. And these movies are the results. Yeah, so what you're looking at here is this is a top view, and it's at mouse nose. So you have here is the inlet and here is the vent. And the source of the odor is at the ground. And I'm cutting this volume at the height of one centimeter where the mouse would be sticking. And here are side views. This is a crosscut into this plane, and this is on this plane. And what you see is that it fluctuates, which is the bottom line. You can do much more. You can be much more quantitative on how much it fluctuates. And this is what physicists like to do. Write down equations and find out, analyze these signals and see how the correlations go and the structure functions. And I'm not going to tell you more about how to quantify this signal, but I want to analyze why and how one is able to get to the source of the odor in this situation. So I'll tell you something about the physics which is related to this stuff. Okay, so the first thing, so we've heard even in this conference that mice are able to measure gradients. And this is very clear. We've heard Tim's talk before they're able to measure gradients into dimensions with a single slip. So how far can you go just measuring gradients? The idea is I took all of those snapshots of the odor at the height of the nose, of the mouse, and then I designed a very simple algorithm. I am a searcher. I start from a random location and I take a random direction and I go until I find the odor. When I find the odor, I move in the direction of the gradient. I climb the gradient of the odor and I do this at a constant speed and at a constant sampling rate. And this is the result. So you don't see here, but this is the whole, these are a way to represent the scalar, but it's almost white so you don't see it, but there is the scalar, the odor behind it. What you see is that the walker eventually, eventually gets to the source of the odor. Yeah, so I took numbers that would fit the physiological... Yeah, so everything fits like the volume of air that the mouse inhales corresponds to the resolution that I'm using for my examination. And the time scale, I've already said, it's sampling at a constant rate, which is physiological, measured. So everything is physiological. And the time scale that I allow the searcher to find the source is 20 seconds, which is the time scale that we use for the experiment. So it turns out, so if you look at these trajectories, you can see that the algorithm converges because it's a bias random walk. So I'm moving in random directions, but eventually I'm drifting towards the source. So we can put numbers on this and try to understand where is the signal and how effective this algorithm is. And in order to do this, well, first of all, when they encounter the plume, they measure the gradient right there, instantaneous gradient at that location, and then they follow the direction of the gradient. They climb of the order, of the order concentration. No, no, no, no, instantaneous, so they are spatially, it's a gradient, it's a spatial gradient. We don't know what mice are doing, but we know that they can measure, well, yeah, we don't know if that's an instantaneous gradient. You're right, you're right. So mice may be doing something else. It goes at a constant velocity and it samples at constant velocity. So the step length, it's at 7 hertz. If it was just a line, then it wouldn't go, it would be, yeah, it relies on the fact that it can measure gradient. So it means that the order concentration in the location where he is and in the nearby locations is non-zero. Okay, so it works because as you can see, as soon as you find the plume, then you do this bias random walk. And why do you do a bias random walk? Because the probability of moving a step closer to the source is larger than the probability of moving away from the source. And how can we quantify this? Well, this is, sorry, this was a quantifying performance of the algorithm, which is comparable with the performance of mice in between five and eight days of training. We'll talk more about that. But so back to why does it work? Let's quantify this bias, which is the reason why this algorithm works. So in order to quantify this bias, I focus on this angle. So what is this angle? If I'm a searcher and I'm here and this is the location of the source, that is the direction that I really would like to move. Okay? And this, let's say that I'm here at a certain time and I measure the gradient and the gradient points in this direction. If this angle is pretty small, that means that if I follow the gradient and I don't exactly go in the direction of the source, but I'm still moving closer to the source. These are small angles are good. They move me closer to the source. But if the situation is this one at the next time step and I follow the gradient, this is really bad because this angle is big and I'm moving away from the source. Okay? So this whole thing works if small angles are more probable than large angles. So let's quantify the distribution of these angles. This is the histogram for the two sources. Red is when the source is coming from the right and blue is when the source is coming from the left. They are not symmetrical, so the probability distributions are different. And you can see that, like qualitatively, that small angles are more probable than large angles. And now we want to put numbers and to put the number and quantify how much this bias is. We have to calculate the area below these two portions of the histogram. This area represents the probability that I move closer to the source following the gradient and this area represents the probability that following the gradient I move away from the source. The difference between the two is my bias. If this bias is larger than zero, then I'm in business. Okay? So I can calculate this for my simulations and it turns out that there is a bias that is nonzero and for the source coming from the left the bias is 0.18. I can repeat the same for the source coming from the right and the bias is slightly less, but it's still nonzero. And this is the correct order of magnitude to account for the time scale that I need to converge in this algorithm. So this is the reason why the algorithm works. And this all seems very nice, but if you've heard anything about navigation interpolates, you should be thinking why does it work and in fact it doesn't work at 100 meters different distance. It only works close by, close to the source when I'm essentially within the plume. And this is the way I quantify this property. This is the bias now as a function of the distance from the source. And the bias is positive and large when I'm close to the source, but it decays pretty rapidly actually as I move away from the source. So the algorithm will fail at about 30 centimeters or 40 centimeters from the source. I just don't see it because my box is half a meter inside. But we can still learn things from this simple example. So how about this algorithm? Can I make it better in a simple way? And if you talk to anybody who does a stochastic optimization, they'll tell you just average because averaging improves the rate of convergence of stochastic subgrading algorithms. And so this is what I did here in an idealized case. I took the average over a window of all of my snapshots and I took the new frame which is now much smoother than the original frames and I computed the algorithm using this new smoother version of the order. And what it turns out is that performance does improve and it's noticeable. It's not huge, but it is a good improvement. Except mice, if they wanted to average, they would have to compute this average. So nobody gives them the average which is what normally happens if you do stochastic gradient algorithms on data sets. You can use your data sets as much as you want. But mice would have to sample the order and pause and stay there for a little while for their time window and average the signal. And so if you do that, then it turns out that it's never good to average. So the message of this slide is that it tends to be much better to just get a signal, make a move, and it's never worth it to try to make it better, to make it more reliable. And so this concept of getting the signal and move is really important and it turns out this is what limits performance in this algorithm.  It's called intermittency which is what I'm trying to explain in the next slide. So this is a condensation of two movies. One comes for the source coming from the left and one from the right. In each box there is the time series of the signal at that location. And it doesn't matter what the numbers are so I didn't put any number because I don't care right now. I want to show you a very simple qualitative property of the signal. So this is roughly where the source is and let's look at the signal in these boxes right downstream from the source. So I magnified them here and what it turns out is that the signal there fluctuates a lot. It goes up and down but it's always there. So I always get the signal. But if I move away from the source now I'm magnifying the signal in these boxes that are far away from the source. They are actually at the boundary of the plume. What you see here, these are vertical lines and vertical lines in the log lean plot mean that the signal is actually zero. In all of the time intervals in between two vertical lines the signal is zero and this is intermittent. It means that sometimes you get the signal but then there are long periods of time where you don't get the signal. And this is what really hard in navigation in turbulent environments is that several times you don't get anything so you don't know what to do because you don't get anything. It's not the fact that it fluctuates because there is a little bit of signal when it fluctuates it's just when you don't get anything what you do. That's what makes it hard to navigate toward in turbulent environments. And in this simple environment I can prove that this is what limits performance of the algorithm. I can tell you that the two sources as I said are slightly different. They're not symmetrical with respect to the center. This source is slightly closer to the midline. So it is more turbulent, more complicated but it turns out that the plume that it generates is larger. So the first encounter happens earlier than for the other source. So notice that the bias towards this source is smaller. So the gradient in this case is less reliable but I get the signal much earlier and I have more times, I have more moves to get there and this makes this source easier to track than this one which is what I'm saying here. This is harder to track although it's more reliable and the reason is that I get the signal later. So intermittent is really what's hard in turbulence. Okay, so now let's go back to the data and as I said before, so the performance of the algorithm is similar to the performance of the animals in this stage of training. They're not naive but they're not at their best. But then the curve keeps improving, they might get better and why do they get better is the new question. Turns out that they get better because they cheat. They start to do something that we didn't ask them to do. So the first thing that I wanted to show is that they get better so they get faster at locating the source of the odor but they get it wrong several times, much more than before. So late in training means between 14 and 18 days of training, they're very fast because they are at the odor source for an average of 16 seconds. They get there on average in four seconds but they get it wrong several times. They check the wrong location first in a high percentage of the trials. And the other thing that's interesting is that late in training they stop thinking, they just go like crazy, their velocity increases and the number of poses decreases. So we thought about this for a while and then we came up with the following. So we analyzed a little bit the trajectories and it looks like the trajectory early in training is much more weekly and the trajectory late in training is much more smooth and they are sort of less complex. This is just a way of saying that they explore less space. And the idea that we got is maybe early in training, they have no idea where the sources are, they have to rely on the odor to locate the source of the odor. But late in training because the sources are in those three locations, then they know where the locations are, they just go in circles and they check all of the sources sequentially until they find the right one. So the model that we had in mind is the following. When early in training, when you have no prior and source location, your trajectories have to span more of the space and you have to be more careful, you have to actually sample and use the odor plume. Late in training, this is not what happens. They switch completely behavior and they just go from one location to the next sequentially. This would explain why they don't pause anymore because they don't need to, their trajectories are stereotyped and it would also explain why their performance improves in terms of time because they can go like crazy. They don't have anything to compute, they just go like crazy and it will be very fast. During, yes. So I think what you are asking is this, this is what you are asking. So if the odor is correct, then we would predict that if we train another set of mites on another set of locations and then we move, suddenly move the locations, that means that they are trained, they know the association between odor and odor, but suddenly they have no prior and source location anymore. And if this is the case, then they should switch back to a behavior that's more similar to when they are early in training. Is that what you are asking? Okay, so that's what we did. We trained this other set of mites on locations A, B and C and then at 18 days of training, when they were very good, the blue curve is how long they stay at the correct source location, late in training, they moved the locations to 1, 2, 3, and we test them again. And the performance drops just a little bit. Okay, but let's see about the behavior. So this is how it looks like. So I wrote prior in big when late in training, all of the behavior is expected to depend on the prior and prior is very small when all of the behavior should depend on the odor. And our prediction is that early and moved because there is very little prior should be similar and late should be different. Okay, so as I said, late in training they are careless and this is the new set of mites and they are careless as the previous set of mites, but as soon as we move the locations, they have no idea where they are, they are careful again. Okay. This is the same data represented with colorful trajectories, so there is no new content here. And this is the last number that I wanted to show you. Late in training, we said they don't need to pause at all, they can go very fast, but if I move the locations to unknown locations, they don't know where they are, they cannot check them sequentially, so they have to pause again and to go slow again. And this mode condition looks very much like this early condition in both the velocity and the pauses per second. Okay, so I think I might have a figure later. So if you look at the probability distribution of presence, it looks like for at least the first couple of days, they go check the old locations and then eventually they forget, they understand that the locations are new and they give up the old locations. It takes a while though, it's not immediate. So if this is the situation, then our algorithm should correlate well with the early and mood behavior, but not with the late one. Okay, late one should be completely uncorrelated, it should not care about the auto at all. And so this is the analysis that I want to present here. So this is the performance of the gradient climbing algorithm as a function of the location of the start. So it's represented in color code. When I start very far away from the source, I'm only at the target for a few seconds, but when I'm very close to the source, then I'm at the target for a long time, almost 20 seconds. And these are the performances of the two data sets that I just told you about the early and the mood conditions in these two conditions, the prior on source location is very small. So I expect this to be well explained to correlate well with this algorithm or better. And these are the results. So I show you two numbers here. This is the difference in performance tracking the right and the left source. And as I said, the two sources are different because they are not symmetrical with respect to the center, but this only holds when you actually care about the order. So these three data sets care about the order and all of them track easier the source on the right than the source on the left because of the reasons we discussed before. And the other number I wanted to show is the particle relation coefficient between this map and this map. And there is some correlation. Now if I add this data set, this data set you can tell already qualitatively. It's qualitatively different from the other data sets. This is late in training and the performance does not depend on whether you're getting the order or not. Even the symmetry is circular. It's because they are running in circles. So that's what defines the performance of these animals. It's the distance from the source in these trajectories, in this space. And in fact, this data set does not show any preference to the right or the left. You track as easy the right and the left because they are on the same trajectories. It doesn't change anything. And this data set is much less correlated with the early and mode condition, the gradient climbing condition. So now to test further this idea that late in training they don't rely on the order but they rely on their prior, what we do is we design a new algorithm that is based on the following. We took the foraging trajectories when there is no order around. And because they hang out more around the location of the sources, we take these trajectories as proxies of their prior onto source location. So we take each of these trajectories and we ask how long along these trajectories it takes to get to the correct source location and we plot the map of performance as a function of where I start. So instead of taking the gradient climbing trajectories we just take other trajectories that are just a proxy of their prior source location. And so this clearly doesn't care about the order at all and it cares a little bit about the prior. It only cares about the prior. And now it turns out that this again shows no preference towards one source or the other because they are completely symmetrical and the situation is now reversed. If I try to correlate this new algorithm with the early and moved conditions that are not based on prior, they are based only on the order, it turns out that the correlation is much less than with the late condition that is based on prior. This is a complicated way of trying to test our ideas. I don't know if I did a good job in explaining and you feel free to ask questions. The idea is just that either the prior or the sensory input are important for performance and if you design an algorithm that's just based on the sensory input it would correlate more with the early and moved conditions where they know nothing about source location. And this is what this is testing. So this was very short. So the conclusion of the talk is first that mice are able to use these complex order plumes to locate the source of an odor. Second, that although there is turbulence and the signal is fluctuating, this task can be solved, can be accomplished with a point-wise, instantaneous measure of the gradient. And the reason why this is true is because we are close to the source. We are in the plume. And so we don't have so much problem of finding the plume and getting the signal because we almost always get the signal. Okay? And so then the next idea of the talk was then if you leave the mice too much in this environment, they try to find shortcuts and they don't want to do this complex computation and using the odor and computing who knows what. And they start to switch into habitual behavior but doesn't care about the sensory input anymore but only about their prior on source location. And so I wanted to conclude with what's next. And one of the obvious things that need to be done is move to a larger environment and use sources that are not predictable. And this is to challenge the mice because I believe that they are able to do much more than what you are asking them to do and this needs to be tested. And the next thing is if we do challenge them in a much more complex environment where the instantaneous gradient is not enough, what do they do? What do they measure? What are they able to store in terms of information about this complex signal? There's several things that a physicist could think about. There's the signal, there's correlations, there's time series, there's averages. What do they store? And we know and we've heard it over and over and over that the capacity of the nervous system is huge and the brain can store pretty much anything in terms of number of bits. And so the question is what is really relevant for complex navigation. The last thing that I wanted to mention is that we observed that this pauses and it doesn't seem that pausing just for averaging is useful. And so a question is why would they actually pause? Why would they not keep moving? And the answer might just simply be well they don't know how to make decisions while they move or just that they have to take time to sniff and process the information or maybe there's some cognitive load related to making computations that we could actually quantify in terms of numbers of pauses. And with this, I thank David and Venky especially and Vika Nane who helped with the experiment and I thank you very much for your concern.


Welcome, I am Robert Rosenkranz from Dresden University of Technology. In our recent journal paper we demonstrate how to leverage perceptual limitations to create a generative model for the haptic metaverse. Our model enables laypersons to use perceptual handles to create vibration for arbitrary scenarios in real time so they can immediately experience the output. And compared to recorded vibration, our model can achieve equally plausible vibration.


The U-2, the American spy plane designed to peek behind the Iron Curtain, had an interesting history with foreign pilots, including one program, Operation Tackle, that used Chinese nationalist pilots. Two, one, we have a liftoff, thirty-two minutes past you. Hello everyone, I'm Amy, this is The Vintage Space, my little corner of the internet where we talk about all things mid-century tech and science that, quite frankly, interest me, like Cold War aerial espionage, a topic into which I've been doing a deep dive lately. I have three videos up already covering the CIA's YouTube program, with a focus on American Soviet relations. But there was one element I had included in my most recent video on the Gary Powers incident that I ended up cutting for time. The video was an hour long, and I had to trim some stuff to make it a little more digestible. So here's a little excerpt about Chinese nationalist pilots that I think is super interesting, but felt too tangential to the main Gary Powers video. So I'm going to magically change clothes and tell you about it. One interesting iteration that flew during the 1960s was Detachment H, a detachment that used Chinese nationalist pilots under Project Tackle. The cooperation between American and Chinese nationalist pilots started in 1952 when the CIA brought them into the fold for the Civil Air Transport under Project BG Mark, a program that gathered photographic coverage of the railway from Shanghai to French Indochina. In 1955, Project ST Polly used agency aircraft with nationalist Chinese pilots to gather sigint and conduct psychological warfare against the People's Republic of China. When it came to the U-2, the CIA initially opposed Chinese nationalist pilots because it would destroy the cover story of the plane-flying weather flights, but a handful were trained nevertheless, though they never flew missions. After the May Day incident, once the cover story was completely destroyed and the CIA needed a new base in the Far East after Japan asked the Americans to leave, missile suggested turning U-2s over to nationalist China for a new program run along the lines of ST Polly. On August 26, 1960, Eisenhower approved the idea, swayed in part by the added deniability of U.S. involvement should something happen to one of those planes. Though this wasn't a new U.S. detachment, the American government maintained strict control over the missions. The transfer occurred on December 7th of 1960. The two U-2s officially licensed for export to nationalist China fell under Detachment H. The principal interest in China was over nuclear energy and missile development. Chinese nationalist pilots flew the first mission on January 12, 1962 over the missile testing range at Xiao Chenzi. Three more missions in June covered high priority installations, but the pace of flight slowed in August of 1962 when the People's Republic of China accused the United States of masterminding these flights. Kennedy very plausibly denied responsibility, saying the planes were transferred before his administration took office, but it was a setback nonetheless. And back to the other outfit. Quick reminder that my new book, Fighting for Space, is available however you like to consume books, as is my first breaking the chains of gravity. I have links to both of those in the description below. I want to give a very special shout out to all of my Patreon backers and YouTube members. You guys truly make these videos possible, so thank you so much for your ongoing support. If you would like to help keep the vintage space up and running, and also get access to my Space Center to Discord, I've got all the links you need in the description. And of course, links on how to connect across social media as well. Thank you guys so much for hanging out with me today for this brief little addition to the YouTube series, and I'll see you all next time.


This research seeks to identify barriers and facilitators of positive patient provider interactions for individuals with anorexia nervosa, AAM. The study used a mixed method approach, including qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, to assess the experiences of 29 participants. Participants were between the ages of 18 and 74, at a mean age of 36.3, and a mean body mass index, BMI, of 39.8. They also reported an average of 12.75 years of treatment delay. Qualitative analysis revealed four main barriers to positive patient provider interactions, experiences of provider weight bias, low specificity in ED screening questions, lack of indicated screening procedures, diagnostic tests, orthostatic screening, EKG, food log, labs, and provider praise of ED behaviors. For facilitators who were identified as well, lower BMI at presentation, provider education in eating disorders, community provider collaboration, and patient self and family advocacy. These findings suggest that interventions at the provider level, such as increasing ED education, building community partnerships, and increased ADHER. This article was authored by Erin Nicole Harop.


And your phone fits my holder with your case perfect. Yeah Where you going get out here We should have took our thumbnail like this. Oh, yeah, that's much better Make sure your back camera's clean For a minute already one's on two's on hello Welcome guys Just getting geared up getting ready for the ghost hunt tonight. Hmm. I Usually called a paranormal investigation, but who's that Johnny? I How's everybody doing Ohio? But anyway, so since this is just our own home. We're just kind of doing our thing fiddling around Kenny he's early No, we're late. It's after eight Yeah, but he was it was gonna be nine o'clock for Kenny. Oh, yeah, well, maybe he didn't have to work. Hey, Kenny Cuz I don't mind too Oh, he's still at work. Haha. Oh, well, we're still want to give it to nine o'clock But we're gonna kind of go over some things tell a couple stories that happened last night after After the live stream and what happened tonight about an hour ago Strange Investigated journey through the house.  I got some of that on YouTube. Okay, sounds good Yeah, so, you know take your time. Don't get in a hurry.  Oh, you drink at work now.  Yeah, they're doing the same thing here. Yeah, well, we're on a stay-at-home order Yeah, and they're out playing golf. Yeah, I saw them on Friday playing golf. I Drink at work. Well, that's good. You bartender maybe Life of a chef life of a chef.  Oh, cool Well, we could do some videos together. Yeah, there you go. Yeah, that's down here. Can we do some cooking videos and teach me some shit? We are too Yeah, you see this car going by That hasn't been too many out on the body. Yes. Look.  He's got a boat on the back. Yeah, well, I heard Orman Beach has Opened their beach up for people to exercise. You know where he's going. He's going down here through Where you go through I Guess they figure they're by themselves or okay But you still gotta go get gas for a boat. He says worth the work in that bass spot That's raining they won't get by tonight. There won't be biting anyway. There ain't no bath in that room. No, they'll be biting They'll be biting alligator. That's what they'll be getting Lots of alligators in that friggin River Yeah, I was like within five feet if he'd have made the lunch at me, it'd have got me as one place I would not be going I was getting all the shit out from the propeller of the boat Skyler upset the and the other They was to graduate this year. We don't know now. Oh Well, I'm sure they graduate down here They just automatically graduated and some of them are doing ceremonies right off of their phones They're doing them from home. They did problem that way too. Yeah, so problem in your house and live streamed it Yeah, so there is a way. Hopefully they'll they'll come up with something to help you let the kids graduate It won't won't be like it used to be but it'll be something Yeah, I'm sure they'll figure something out. Yeah. Yeah Or they might wait until the school, you know until they can go back go on You know when this is over, but this could last Wow, seven months to a year. Yeah.  I think we'll be here in our houses until the end of the month at least at least here Yeah, I think after that and every city's different So every state's different Well, the president wants to go back every county's different. So shabar reminds me so much of my uncle Stephen, I think that's why I look up Up him a lot for rest in peace, uncle Steve. Oh There you go. Rest in peace, buddy. He reminds me of Howie. Howie Mandel. I'm not Howie Mandel. Let's go I'll show you We just got some stuff. We don't have what I used to have up in Ohio, but I'll see what we're going to be working with tonight Okay This is for the fan. We're going to be shutting the fan Okay, we've got our we've got our laser grid light This is what I use for grazer lid light grazer that that light We've got this this is for the temperature Which is 75 degrees in here This is the temperature thing Um, we've got our voice recorder Now this is my phone for the app and then we've got our I know you guys can't see it, but there we've got our this big hour light and We've got the night the night vision camera With the big hour light here So that's what we're going to be using. Let me get you Set up here on the stand I'll read that comment Just a second. There we go All right, and it said that about my uncle said he looks like how him Well, I guess if I do and I look like your uncle, I guess he Makes sense, I guess but I don't but you're so cute Well that god I got my own place and my man got His if I was stuck with mine here all the time. I would not have to I have no hair Right Well, I bet I go out at least a couple times a week.  What about snackers? Why did you get in the bedroom? Oh Pay attention to her today. Well, she'll have to go in when we start her thing I'll be right back. I gotta get me a coke and then we'll tell our stories You want to? Why you want something? Always running So anyways, I've been working so I still get to go to work I have a special paper that I give if I get pulled over haven't been I don't think I will as long as it's during the day time if it gets late Maybe you might say something but I ain't got that many so I don't have to worry I'm only working twice a week so That's it for now We'll shut this light out so we don't have that glare in Um keep in mind We do have a lot of glass around here. So there could be some reflections here in there, you know So All right, so Tell them a story about last night What story from last night? What happened? They refreshed me Okay, so I don't remember last night I don't know if we were still on or not. Yeah I think we were still on when you said no, we weren't drinking We're like twins I'm about to drink me a beer to a beer lol Okay, well, I can't drink beer so No more drinking very little um but I think we were still live when you had said something remember I couldn't I kept getting the time I was saying that my battery power instead of We're like level 49 That's like 49 percent battery power remember that Anyway, she had like 48 or 40 some percent battery power on her phone So we ended the live stream As soon as we ended the live stream her phone went down to 15 percent power I mean just as soon as bam fifth it went down to 15 percent When I get home I want to spark a fatty Watch you guys buzz around with good So I was like wow that jumped down pretty quick No more did I say that Picked up something to bring it in the house. She had something. She said my phone just died Boom boom that quick within one minute It went from like 40 some percent to 15 To I mean it just flat out Just died Her phone don't die like that. I mean her phone You know it gets down to two or three percent. It gives her a warning And you still got a little bit of time Right, it just died. It just it's never done that before ever All right, I told that story now. What was going on? When about an hour ago Well, we were I was watching tv out I was watching tv in the bedroom and I had my cell phone plugged in Because we were streaming we're watching stuff on youtube So I was streaming And I used my hot spot off my phone. So I have to keep it plugged in so it keeps it charging So he's playing with this crazy little box here And he's looking for batteries to put it in To get ready And I'm just watching and all of a sudden this little thing right here kicked on like it's on right now Like it was on but Can you see that? Was off the button is off So it was making noise And it's on and it's on So and a few minutes later.   It said i'm sorry you feel that way. Yeah So okay there it's off and I hadn't had it in my hand. It was on my bed. Yeah up on the sitting there It wasn't on that part. It was just On just the front screen. Yeah, and you gotta you gotta hold that button. Yeah, you gotta hold the button and talk For it to do anything so very strange Very very strange.    Yeah, I need some new Last night I come out it was like 9 30, but it was actually like three o'clock in the morning. I was like What the hell So I looked at one of the other 30 clocks we got around here, which two of them are actually right Um 30 really well, we got a bunch of them A couple of them was right twice a day Well, I was right That's not It is not 8 30. Is it 8 30 already? It is 8 18. Oh it is that's a 7 30 That would trip me out Yeah, man, I'm telling you what dude when on that door close 30 something or open See, I didn't know it Until later on Man was watching a video. She likes to watch my videos when she got home from work Watch my video. I'm like, whoa, whoa, whoa, whoa. Whoa. She's like, what? So I backed it up because watching on big screen backed it up.   I put her on a scale one day when he was at work She didn't fight me.  You barely pet her. She probably got scared getting on that scale.  He's gonna put me on a diet Because when I'm out in the garage, she'll come out like when I'm on my Little work bench. They're doing something she'll come out and she'll sit by me and purr and whatnot It's lack of exercise. She don't go outside anymore. I can't really growl She's not she really doesn't eat a whole lot.  She doesn't uh, yeah, she sinks a lot That would trip me out I already read that one or your dog Riz and the other room he's in the bedroom. Yeah, he's being a bad boy today He got on her couch and she was trying to get him out and he was growling nipping at her Oh, he played she was like, ah, he bit me three times. So you know bite you if he bit you, you know And then he stuck his tongue out at me So I put him in the bedroom Snickers She had six letters the poor girl She loves having kids That was one thing but she's fixed definitely No more cats after her no No more dogs after Bruno. Yeah I'll be it by then we'll be old enough that we probably won't be able to take care of any of anyway Get a monkey we need to get a monkey. We don't have time for a monkey. We're traveling Oh, you're gonna take a dog and cat, but I can't take a monkey Look I've had her forever Yeah, but the monkey can help you drive No, I don't think I'd want to do that Nobody can help me work on stuff. I don't know if I can train Y'all get another dog No, probably not. I would like another Yorkie, but then I might know they're expensive We got lucky with him. I had a car for sale, right? This couple I have no money, you know, because he called He taxed me about the cars what was and we was at a flea market. It was like an hour and a half away And he wasn't for from here. I told him when we'd be back. I was like He's like, what's the least you take for the car? I said 300 I'll take 300 bucks for it, you know I'm credit alone. I'm thinking all I said, well, what do you got to trade? You know, I'll trade with you. What do you got trade?  Oh, what tell him to come and look at the car? I said, all right, come look at the car.   See you just turned it the wrong way. It's the fans on so it's blowing some air around.  Like so like if it would drop from say 75 to You know 70 like within a couple seconds, then you know some shit's going on That'll be cool. This is my extra battery for the camera I made this battery pack and a battery pack that's in it Out of extra batteries from my drone put two of them together and made the voltage I needed so I think somebody commented that it's it those chairs behind you.  I'm always falling out of What chairs mind dining chairs? Yeah I'll get new table one day What do you uh, what do you go to? Um You talking about the uh, what's it called? Yeah the app the there it is It's on google play store It's called it's just called ghost box There's what the picture will look like if you go to google play Yeah, it'll have that picture on it It's free. Of course you can upgrade or something But it's free It's okay. It's just you know, what it does. It's got a dictionary kind of like that the spirits are supposed to manipulate I don't trust these things but since this is not a an actual investigation. I'll use it But normally I wouldn't use I wouldn't I won't use any kind of app or any kind of phone In a real paranormal investigation But since we're just dicking around here at the house, but yeah, that's what it looks like I don't have it turned up. I should plug it in Yeah, I don't know if we would hear it while they're not it might Maybe it would come out clearer. I don't know Let's do that. That might might work Yeah Well, it's good too None of that one day this thing. Yeah, I got by itself. Uh-huh. Yeah Strange things happen here I don't know why but they do this is my Little bazooka box thing Well, it's been sitting there. Maybe it needs to be charged. No, it doesn't I don't know It's fully charged Okay, so It's blinking Very lightly. Well, I'll just plug it in. We'll fix that. Okay See that's weird because this was full charge. Well, I charged it up I don't know I'm draining my power, babe That is strange Strange things happen That's funny. She was like like 15 months later. She was like, I can't believe that She was weird. I was just saying We didn't even started yet It was weird. My phone's never done that Never weird. I haven't even used that app today Little app thing, so I haven't even used it at all I usually sometimes I'll use it if I want directions or phone number or something But I never had to use it today I believe it too There it is connected So it's connected now. Let me just turn on your thing and it should come through, right? We'll see. Good Yeah There you go. Oh, okay. That's loud. That will work Okay, so we got this thing ready, but yeah, the uh, what is it google play google play store? Yeah, yeah So there's that that's what phone you got But no, you can still get you can get it uh for apple too You can get it for apple or What's that android? Yeah Oh, uh, yeah just typing. Um, what does that ghost box? On yeah 60 miles now, you know, what could be Causing that maybe a tire Inbalance it's steering wheel shaking. Yeah, that's probably what it is Probably lost a wheel weight could be a busted belt in the tire Look for a high spot like a pregnant spot in your tire.  You can barely feel it, but I think she knocked the wheel weight off because she's always hitting curves I am not but yeah, it can be a tire out of balance. Uh, like I said Um, the first check the tires you can feel it in the wheel real well.  Look at it. Just kicked on Look where the switch is. The switch is off That's on That's off.  I'll take the battery out so this is not Well, let's check it first and see Make sure it's going to record all right for us See that used to say see so Yeah All right, we're going to hit record Play some check one two audio check Let's play it back Sound like a wounded dog Erase that At least it worked We're erasing that file erase done.  I mean could see there it went off. Okay.  It's kind of old but I mean, it's just weird. It's never done it before we've used that many times So this is 83 83 That's a new time 833 All right, I'm going to plug this thing because you're down to 83 percent already your battery. Shit. What? It was out of 100 percent. I know it was Weird so I'll plug in my Georgia because it's fast because I go all day And and I near the end of the day now my phone will start Really expecting low but it's because I've used the gps all day and call people and stuff like that so You know, but no that was 100 percent. Yeah, I mean even You know when I'm using your hotspot That should really drain it. Yeah, but I can still Stream for an hour on your hotspot before we gotta plug your phone in We were out there. Well last night. We never even plugged your phone in. No, no, we were streaming Now near the end right where when he got off it went down to 15 percent from what I think it was like 43 40 some percent. Yeah.  Hey, I didn't know Everybody's done. Yeah, all right. It could be coughing They shouldn't be because we're not Let me go check on it. Listen. No, no, no, no We're we're not hotspot in the street. No, so somebody's back. Yeah, you sit down and let me go and check my thing All right, then I'm gonna go have a smoke before we start so then I can turn it off All right. See you later You mean saving? Yeah, see that's not even using that's not using internet, honey Okay, but you're not using internet to save that video. How do you think I do it all day without internet? Honey, listen to me. It doesn't matter. You don't need internet to save your video I'm sorry Okay, how do you think I do it all day? I use the same program You don't need internet on that. You only need the internet to upload Your video editor does not take internet He wants to listen to shea bear because I don't want to talk about but Somehow I do it all day with no internet You're saving. Yeah, okay. Listen. Huh, what okay, listen to me How do I do it? Okay, it doesn't matter. It's running in the background something's running. It doesn't matter Okay, it doesn't matter because we're not hot spotting right now Oh Okay, we're not hot spotting. Oh, that's why we're using your phone. Okay, so it doesn't matter So if I turn hot spot off, it'll be fun. If I turn the hot spot off because it's still on the phone It doesn't matter because this stream is not hot spot All right, so the stream still want to be as because we're using your your data from you. You know what I mean? Yeah Okay I think came back on again What the hell's wrong with you I keep talking to the voices gorgeous Maybe hey, you gotta get going to work. Yes. It's all right Yeah, it's off.  Let it kick all over on and then set it off Just stop No, it says stop Mm-hmm.  Yeah, it's off. It's off. Look It is off. Well, let's see if it goes back on again Very close to Come back, ain't you?  It's not crazy. Why would you put my glasses on when yours was already on? It was like we're mine Like but you already had yours on because I'm so used to wearing them that you don't even know they're on No, we're going to put that the title and I forgot Yeah, where the door Where the door works go on zero. Yeah That's all right. We'll hang out hang out. I said we will hang out Already did That somebody's here Got to go to a phone call. I'm back. Kenny's back. Kenny's back. Oh, well, that was fast Is he home or at work? Are you home or at work? Maybe you don't live far From where he works and if I work here in town, it won't take me no time to get home Yeah, well when I work at eating flow, I was only Like Yeah That's cool Still at work, I had a resident feel like he was having a heart attack I work at retirement community. Oh, okay, cool We're killing people. Kenny's killing people.  Well, pretty much Yep, pretty much. Oh, that's sad though. Yes, it was very sad Still bothers me Yeah, that thing was I was sitting in the truck Yeah, I hit him with me. So sometimes yeah, I do home care. He'll go driving with me I'll just sit in the truck and I had I think he I picked you up from work And I had one more to go to I think that's what it was And then and then we were going to go home. So And it wasn't far from where he worked at. I'm trained in CPR for a state. I could have helped So he sat he was sitting in the truck. I went in to help the lady Um, and she didn't really want it. She says she didn't feel very good but She sometimes was a that type of person that when she She doesn't want to ever have a bath. She never wants one. So you never know, you know And I told her well, I gotta do this. I gotta get you in there and it'll only take a few minutes So I got her in there and gave her a shower and I was almost finished And she started, you know, not talking properly, not talking right and Her eyes started to roll in the back of her head and I'm like, oh And she's sitting on a shower chair in the shower in the shower and So I had my phone and I called 911 and it took them forever because I couldn't find the apartment And I could seven minutes. Yeah And they were trying to use my phone to find me And I was in the bathroom with the phone. So I think that didn't help any But I couldn't leave the bathroom at all because I was basically holding her had half my leg half One leg in the top of one leg out and I was holding her on the shower chair because I couldn't get her out She was like dead weight And there was no way I was going to be able to get her on the ground safely without hurting her So I was talking to them and telling them where I was it took them forever to get there.  I was in tears. I've never had to go through anything like that ever before and It was bad a week later. She passed away.  That's what happened That's what they figure She was a sweet lady. She really was No, she You never know But it's it bothered me because I never had to deal with you know Someone just passing out like that now.  It wasn't even carpet. So I felt the best thing to do is wait for the paramedics to come And they did that came but it took them a long time to find me It was terrible And really that when it came down to it. I wasn't that far from the fire department Yeah, go figure. I was the one of my worst ones.  Yeah, I used to I I worked in assistant living for a little while um And I I've seen I saw one lady she went to a coma Um in the dining room from her diabetes. It was over 600 And uh, she was sitting there and Lumped over onto the table. It happened That's what we're there for. It's trying to help them. But you can only do some looks. Yeah Yeah, and I couldn't even you know him being out in the car the truck I was on a phone with the ambulance people and I couldn't they once you hit 911 You're in emergency mode. So I couldn't even call or yell for him because he's sitting in the truck He would never heard me. I was waiting in another room So well, I moved the truck Yeah, you said I got a call an ambulance to move the truck. Well, you know, that's happened before Because you know for safety reasons sometimes they got to do that. But if I'd known it was that bad I could have went in you know And we could have both hit cpr until the damn ambulance got there, but I mean it happens when you're in that line of work All right, I'm not in that line of work You know a lot of people don't even take their cell phones and when they help somebody doing a shower I always keep my phone with me in the shower But I'll put it on the counter so it doesn't get wet, you know But thank goodness I had my phone in there I would have I don't know what I would have done if I had left it on the kitchen table or something It's a good left to take your phone with you everywhere you go Yeah, I'm supposed to Yes, you are She told me and I'm like, I'll be all right Then the doctor said Keep that phone on you Because you're gonna need it battery. We're gonna have to get you lifeline. Yeah, they flat told me you're gonna need This you know, this is not an isolating incident. It's gonna happen again. It's just how bad Right, you know, so It's a matter of time for him. Yep And there's nothing they can do nothing.   Here's kind of there Oh, we've got two, right? Yeah, we've got a couple more minutes It's homing you. Yeah. Oh, yeah he's bad Some nights he's better than others Some nights I can go to sleep by three The last night when he was doing those wide things he started getting antsy. That's why he had to get up and move around He gets that antsy thing going on and it don't settle down Same as I did with the thin because yeah, thanks, baby you know, I mean Because I've got a high pulse rate all the time.  I feel like you should be doing something and Well, you know live stream. What do you do if you talk to people? I gotta get up and walk around Put the peanut gallery on for me How you went?   I get it from my mom. She has Way bad. I just smoke a bowl and feel better I don't think I give them a medical marijuana card I could yeah because it could makes your rate of your heart rate feet go up not down Yeah, but like you said it calms you down It can Because it was on me about smoking that one time and I said, well, you know, I'll just start smoking weed Instead of it will probably help you So But can't afford cigarettes can't afford weed Well, you have to get the card. We have to go to the facility.  Well, no matter where it's from See I didn't say I don't know how much does it cost to go on those fights I don't know Probably not too bad. A lot of you are sure probably cheaper on the street and get a good one for a lot of bucks So I heard yeah How much five five dollars For one oh Good thing I got a friend that grows Now it's on with a switch off. Mm-hmm completely on with a switch off I can't find my other one because I was going to use it. I don't want to get around this thing. I can't find it Can't remember Not in there. No. No already looked in there. What's that box? That's got the other meter in it that the market goes major, but we don't have an eyeball for Oh, that's right. I actually forgot one yesterday. I'd like to use that tonight, but This is Oregon even the granny down on the street grows chronic Oh, Jesus Cox's last minute and it was Oregon They tell us not to go to Oregon Oh, that was in the cops pulled that guy over for no reason Then when they find out who he was They started talking in their cruiser.  I'm still recording.  Yeah How do they No, it's automatic. It's automatic. That's what it is. There's no time running. I need I'm taking batteries out till we need it. I'd say it's just defective. Maybe I don't know why it would be No, it didn't do it the last time last time we used it. Yeah, it was fine It's a battery getting low. Maybe it's that why it's doing that full battery. I don't understand it then That's full battery, so We're very weird Oh, you got three to the coast by the end of this year. Oh, yeah We'll move down to the coast here jag off We're not far from the coast The Gulf of Mexico. We're about 20 minutes. Yeah, the west coast of florida We're not far from the east, you know We're in it. We're quite central. No, not us But We're not far from any. We're not central florida We're almost there. No, we're not We're an hour from central florida florida is better than For sure That's for sure. Yeah, we're an hour west of central florida Yeah, we're west. Yes. We are west. We're central for everything though. We're our way from almost everything Not from the coast. No, we're not we're 20 minutes. Okay Yeah, so we're on the west coast of florida. We're an hour from Daytona norma beach. No, we're farther than that No, we're farther No, how can we be an hour from Daytona beach when it takes an hour just to get to ocala? And then it's another hour from ocala hour from orlando Yeah, that's south of us Yeah, that wall Tampa south of us orlando is kind of southeast of us, right So we're we're on the coast west coast. No, of course Well, you keep saying we're central. No, we're not I mean central for everything. No, we're not Because 20 minutes we can be in crystal river, which is on west coast. We can see a Door open by itself laughing at life. Chris.  Let me know and let me know where you're at. I'm on my way I don't want to see that shit no more because that's scary stuff Um That still bothers me to this day, man so now it's like When i'm using the camera on the computer, you know, i'm constantly watching The screen, you know for the door behind me instead of looking because see i was looking in the camera When that happened, so I didn't I wasn't really looking at the monitor because you know the camera's up top of the monitor, right?  I mean, it's not like we can run and get in the truck and go home We got to deal with it. You know, that's the thing about it um I don't I don't know what what caused that I mean, I tried to debunk it as maybe the door wasn't closed all the way Maybe it was wind but the all the windows were closed There's no draft in here We don't have heater or air conditioning ducts so that are operable our heaters are Fireplaces and our air conditioners is that window unit back there So it's not like, you know, we had central air blowing. We didn't have heater blowing. So I don't know what caused it The door was last before it opened Just think every time you guys are sleeping the ghost is looking at you thinking dirty thoughts I'll be wearing I think house coat bed every night then Is this knickers in the bedroom? I didn't put her there. Oh, I thought you said you was going to take her in there She she must have went in there eight fifty nine And we got what seven dolls up there on the thing my pretty doll Yeah I I I I I Yes Sometimes I sometimes I still miss some stuff and when I upload a video like a viewer may find something and they'll say check this out You know You know for a time stamp in there and then I'll go back and check it out and then I'll check mine My unedited, you know the bra And if it if it's something I I feel it's worthy then I'll do a video on that so Yep, you got a light on the back of here. I don't think you do No No, you don't You have four a couple more minutes and we'll start doing some stuff. Okay. Let me go check my thing first I'll be right back. She's Processing a video to upload Probably under the couch that darn cat So yeah But yeah, I don't know what I mean I don't I really don't think it's a house. I think maybe something Is attached to something in the house or See there was a lot of Like I said battles around here Uh, it's raining today. So You got a little breeze going. So there's some energy there.  That was, you know Early after me and what one two o'clock afternoon or whatever And that happened, you know That's weird But that's the scariest, uh You know the biggest thing that's ever happened here. So yeah, she's working on the video She did some kind of it's kind of like a review video. You guys will see it. I'm not sure what she did but It took her a long time to edit and it still didn't turn out the way she wanted but she's uh That's what she doing now. It was processing saving whatever She just uses a windows movie maker because it's real simple easy to use That's what I that's my go-to. That's what I usually use But I have a couple other ones that are really good that like if I need to do a split screen or something or A voiceover dubs or something like that I don't use one of the other ones, but just for my regular videos. That's all I need For that, but the other ones are great Is there any trouble with uh buffering tonight because we're not hotspot and I'm on her phone direct to youtube, so I'm not jumping off her phone. So hopefully Uh, there's not too many, um Buffering issues I think ghosts are smart enough to understand other languages. Yeah.  You're doing with ghosts over there You're not gonna want to talk, you know, you Like if I had to investigate somewhere in germany or something say for instance or china or japan I would have to learn that language because think about it. They may not know our language And so and also for like if you get some EVPs, they're not going to be speaking our language They may have to know that language to see what's being said Not one buffer good, but yeah, that's um I did an investigation one time where I was picking up some german on my um On my voice recorder So I had to call a friend of mine's mom Who actually imported here from germany years ago and I would tell her what it was saying That's my ability and she's like, I don't know what she's trying to say So I played the voice recorder over the phone. She was telling me what it was said was being said So that was pretty cool. So yeah, yeah, I will hardly believe believe that So Kenny said not one buffer Oh, wow. So that was good. See because we're not hot spot. Um, yeah, we are looking at what time 906 about time to get this party started Who you want to do first? You want to be an investigator someday? I will sit here and watch if you want to be an investigator someday. Maybe. What do we do first? What's the first thing we do? So we got to turn off the fan first. Okay, we're not gonna light up quite yet, but let's turn the fan off That way there's no Less chance of wind or breeze or anything like that So we'll let that quit spinning Hey, what do you want to try first?   I don't know. Maybe talk on that thing Talk on that thing Okay, well the first thing you need to learn is what the equipment's called That is a walkie-talkie. No, that is called a voice recorder. You don't talk into it. You talk Spear thing in the device Speaking of walkie-talkie, I'm gonna go get one. We might be able to use that might pick up something It might ready away He's on his way home now. He's laughing at low Now I don't normally use this like I wouldn't use this on a road investigation either There's too many variables somebody's gonna pass with cb. Sometimes it's a pickup cop traffic radio traffic from from a cop We'll do this one. So we'll just let this sit here for a few minutes Oh the battery's going dead in this thing too. So So this might not be a Something can still come through there That's kind of like a baby monitor. I'd never use those in a road investigation either like I said too many variables So you go watch that So the fan has pretty much stopped So we'll do that that turned off. What? It stopped. Mm-hmm. Well, I said yeah or to turn all of a sudden. That's weird through that You want to do you say you want to do the voice recorder? Yeah And you gotta give me answers, okay I just did Now you say if that's what I want to do. I want to know what you is this what you would do first I have no clue. Just do what you want to do. But you don't get it. I'm just trying to teach you Okay, you want to you want to go ghost hunting and stuff you need to you can't just go and I don't care I don't know Well, I would just choose whatever if it was me. Well, there's certain Things though then there's things like if they're getting more like if you if they're complaint their initial complaints Their main complaints are seeing shadows What's the first thing you want to do you want to get the cameras out? right But that's not our issue here Okay, so Down to one probably why That snickers norm. See that's what she needs to go to bedroom. She's underneath sofa. I can't get her Well, that's going to so we can't do that first. All right Well, there's something else first because that's contamination Snickers Mayor Get her out You're snickers come see mommy The light thing. Yeah, that'll be fun It's pretty All right, so she wants to do The stick thing. What's it called? laser grid Yes, it's a laser grid. Okay, so What we're going to do Well, you can get mad at me all you want, but I'll take it sir. I'm not fake. I'm not anymore For the fan that manner All right, so what we're going to do Yes, hang on a second guys and we'll spin you around here Okay, and then I'll get you pointed over that direction weird Nothing moved Hmm. We'll let that run for a minute. Okay.  We just went like that Okay Like that Now as you guys can see I'm going in front here I am now over here with monkey I remember there's a fireplace there, so I'm great Back here Well, you can't see she don't have a rear light, but this is me. I'm back here behind monkey now. I'm going to turn you around there So that looks pretty good Okay, now Is there anybody? Why is it just not like I should probably put something over top of that?  Let's do the app At the same time How's that? Okay, so keep your eyes on that Okay, so we've got this turned on so Now it's behind us here So Okay, it's laughing at us Is there anybody here with us tonight? any spirits If there's any spirits here, can you walk in front of the lights? Can you can you walk in front of the green lights? If you do, we'll be able to see your shadow The green light with the fireplace Oh, do you have a name? What can we call you? That's why I hate these apps Because you get a lot of repeats. You don't know What's your name? I was just checking that for anybody calling that up So that was me that just bumped into him. Would you would would you and him do? Who's husband? Her husband is behind you Who's husband? Who's husband? What is the husband's name you messing around with our electronics earlier tonight? Well, then tell me about it. What did you do?  So the whole thing You scared So the whole light thing could move clear over there You saw it Is that light moved? I know It turned on when it was off. It sounded like you said, what's that thing? That thing is a recorder You can record on it and you can hear you That just said marty that just said marty I never get used to that You get like you got an accent marty. Okay, you have my attention. I've never heard that before and I've never heard that voice through this ghost app before So have you turned on the recorder when it was turned off? Did you play with this recorder today? That's in my hand I want to know So it's you Did you open the door? one afternoon When I was in the bedroom, did you open that bedroom door? Why did you open the door? Did you want out or in? He was trying to find me And why do you you want to find him? Do you need help? Talk to me. You called me by my name What do you want or something I can do?  We're doing good. How are you man? Hopefully you're still on because I didn't see you because we had the phone turned around So it's 926. It's 928.  I feel you man. Yeah us too. So let me try something here real quick Let's uh Check this overhead light off Oh That may work Let me grab the big hour light and hang tight guys Turn this around and let me know. Can you see me? No. No You've got that thing close to that one Very light Okay. Yeah, well, but that's not for us to see us for the camera to see So I was just kind of hoping That maybe You know that would I thought I was hoping that would be bright enough to you know Because this this is like the spotlight here I was hoping this would be bright enough Anything Oh a little bit. Really? Yeah, if I could move all that stuff, I'd be able to see it better Okay, so you just tap this Yeah, I see you can see you Yeah, yeah, but that's Here He got a 4% rate From my job already. So you got a 4% raise on him from his job. Well, that's a good da Ready? Yeah. Awesome. You can see me a little bit. Yeah, right there I've kind of worked good there Right there Yeah, you could see me, but not real good. I mean Not like I was daylight or anything. Well, no, it's not gonna be it's gonna be Like that. Yeah, but that's not only our faces. All right, that's okay. Let's go put it back to normal Normal, that's good 4% right. Awesome That's exciting. I love getting raises I haven't had a raise in 15 years Welcome to home care. So we'll take a little break I have made a little smear You want this close to you? I thought you were gonna do it. I'm going to. I said we need to take a little break Yeah, you don't want to like build in more walls, you know what I mean? Cool down a little bit Oh, you got five Okay, well, I need to go down for a minute because that name thing When you hear your name being got six now Okay, well Isn't that the voice report or any of your thoughts on the stimulus checks? Well I need it and I will use it and be happy about it. Well, if we get them, yeah I think we'll get them. I mean everybody's coming up with stories and who's going to get it Who's not but he said everyone was going to get it. So I think everybody will get one And it's it's to help us because once we get going back to where we go and spend money It's going to help the economy shoot back up. That's why they're doing it. It's not it's to get the economy going back up So we'll get it. They're not going to say we're going to get it and not give it to us No But a lot of people who are getting them are it's going to be a deposit Okay, as I said at home, they're going to do one round and if you're lucky you might get two rounds It depends how long it's going to take It they won't know anymore until the end of the month. I don't think they want us back at work by the end of the month That's what they're hoping if we all do what we're supposed to do. We should be able to go back to work at the end of the month I mean, I am working. I I work two days a week. I'm down to next to nothing But Yeah, I don't have my private one that I have because he he was freaking out. So he doesn't want me coming for a couple of weeks Yeah, it goes directly into your bank account as long as you were, you know, have tax forms or whatever you were paying your taxes and stuff You'll you'll get it Um, the ones who don't um, we'll get it in the mail if they don't have direct deposit They'll get it in the mail. Okay So all we can do is wait and see we went from six to two Well, it happens all the time So Anyway, but I think we'll get it It'll be nice. Well, it'll be about 1200 for for person unless you're a family of four All right All right, we're gonna do voice recorder We are ready to spend off again I usually when I do this I don't leave a light on but She don't have a A light on this side of the phone. So So we'll just leave that on we're guys seem not looking into darkness Get record. We're recording now What is it? It is April 5th 2020 the time is 9 37 p.m. We are in Uh, okay Is there anyone here in this room right now? Do you know my name? If there is anyone here Why are you here? Did you open the bedroom door one afternoon? Now, let's do a playback What is it? It is April 5th 2020 the time is 37 p.m. We are in in this room right now. Is anyone here? I just had a full battery guys. We remember we was just talking about I showed you Ah Oh my god when I got to the question about the door Remember, I just showed you full battery Batteries in this Maybe we should try them Are they the same size? Nope. No. No, this got the little ones. Oh I think I'm in bed again Not I just shut it off and it's working properly now That's so weird really weird That thing's crazy There's some temperature reading here. That's so weird It's taking baseline reading here Hang that right there so it doesn't move that much It's 74 75 It's all of this here for a second Is there anybody here in this room with us? Does that say 76? Yeah Can you raise can you lower the temperature? Let's do that Can you lower the temperature? Does that say 76? Can you lower the temperature to 74? Shouldn't we go in that? Well, we'll turn the fan off There's one one here Can you bring the temperature back down to 76? Bring it down a little more? Oh Better than 666 It's taking right it's holding about 77 degrees. All right. I'm getting no response I just went up 78 Yeah, we got the fan off now, so it is going to raise up a little bit Well, that's why I wanted to to ask it if it went You know if it could bring it down because you know it will gradually get hotter in here, you know Can you bring the temperature down to 76 for me? 76 What's you doing? Well, you want to do that? Yeah I gotta turn that on first. What is your story? We'd be glad to hear it And the lights are on I think you can call us on demons. I'm like I don't deal with demons. I know the purpose will follow you You know about my heart. Do you know about my heart?  Well, I can't demon or whatever That's funny This big old bulky thing here On my vision Yeah, you can if you want So this is just for like later if we find something Okay, I am recording. I am in night shot I don't know if you guys can see that. Yes, see that I'm just going to kind of give a pan around We'll record for one minute. I'll be right back and won't go down the hall Okay So that door Okay I recorded for a minute 30 seconds. So I'll go over this Tonight or tomorrow let it save. Okay, it is saved I'm shutting this off Now Let's turn This thing on because I pick it up in there Okay Okay, so So this is us So anything above here if we're moving you can see that I understand that Put anything behind us back there.  I'll put the light up on the uh Highlight I'm going to be able to see it's green if somebody sees something They told me I'll put the light on the um fireplace That way it's not directly in front of us Okay, so How's it How's it showing up in there? You can see Okay, I'll show you where the light is guys.  Uh-huh. Will you salt move earlier? We need to do a full-intensive health ahead. Let's do that next time. I might have to come on and go through the whole health That'd be awesome It's so cool Does that light just get brighter or do you kick the camera? I kick the camera Let's see your hand move them too That's my hand I saw your hand. There's any idea Just raises the camera up a little bit there. I'm not in the way Yeah, I am so you're right there So just focus I guess right in the middle Down to two I will do one more minute of this And then we'll call it a night If somebody's here with us What do you want? Okay If there's somebody here with us Can you walk in front of the green lights? If you can do that, we'll know you're here You're like normally I give this like 20 minutes, but since we're live nobody wants 20 minutes of nothing, you know And then if I catch something I upload it if I don't I don't worry about Can you walk in front of the lights for me? Well, you say so move earlier, right? I don't understand Can you go run a fireplace and move the thing that the light is coming out of?  It looked like it just turned Did they turn? No, but I see a little white mark over here Okay, I don't know I mean did the whole thing like turn? No Not that I know Okay I'm most eerie with that cloth ticking in the background Can you make the light move? Absolutely nothing So you thought you seen it move over there, right? Yeah So I'll check that out The card won't pass through here All right, well, let's go like so long and I guess we'll conclude the Investigation here Not gonna pull Are you ready? Yeah, okay Well, not a whole lot going on tonight Pretty much nothing actually No I always have it, right? You thought no, no 90% of the time you don't get anything to begin with Um, I'll go over Where you say you thought you may have seen it move And I'll check that out, but Well, that's pretty much it. That was, you know, give us something to do on a Sunday night Find something to do Yeah, stay home, right? Okay. Um, yep So we kind of did a quick find investigation. It wasn't this not not a real one I wanted to do a real one sometime a real investigation in this house and see If anything is going on or if it's just us, but I know damn well that door opening That's not normal. That's not my head. The camera picked it up, you know Camera don't lie Um I know we're here knocking Sometimes Bruno will hear something that we didn't hear and he'll Raise up on the bed and he'll look over at the door or over in the corner or kind of like up in the corner And he'll start growling like you see something So I don't know but tonight, you know, it's just quiet night. Nothing really going on. There's some weird responses through the app I'm not going to call that evidence, you know, because it's an app. You know what I mean We've got no No temperature changes to speak of. I mean the temperature was going up, but we did turn the fan off so You said you're glad you made it Thank you. Yeah, glad you could make it too. Yeah, thanks for joining us. Yeah So, you know, I mean like I say Uh, I've done a lot investigations a lot and uh You see what's on my playlist, you know, so that goes to show you That 90 95 percent of the time it's really nothing a lot of times like a lot of investigations I went on first couple hours was debunked You know, I mean it was air conditioner or heat or You know, square on the attic or something I could debunk it. Usually that's how it goes like tonight Really didn't get anything at all Other than my name being called but like I said, that's an app. I mean, but It's kind of got a dictionary in it. Is that one of the words? Marty No, and it's a totally different voice But would I use if that if this was a real investigation would I use that as evidence? No, I would not because I wouldn't have it because I wouldn't use my phone. So we didn't get anything on This On the recorder, but yeah, I mean batteries did go dead in this Um And it was full charge and then it it kicked back on itself. So That was weird and I never did that before No, I never had an issue with this thing Adam Verger. No, so that's strange to me. Yeah And then what happened early was my phone that was weird too.  No, I had had nothing to do with the app Right, forget the app. Um, you know, like this thing. Yeah, I had nothing to do with the app Could it be malfunctioning? Sure.  So, you know, it could be debunked as that. So I'm not going to use this as any kind of evidence either because like I said If I could I can't find my other one, you know, we could use that to compare Is it doing the same thing? What not? A lot of times you got two voice recorders One may pick up an EVP You know, I've had this happening. You can have two voice recorders side by side one will pick up an EVP and the other one Will not Also, when you hear this embody voices Like it may be loud to you, but there's three three of you four of you nobody else heard of you They say that a spirit is trying to communicate to you That's why like someone else can't hear it or you may hear a disembodied voice or a couple people in the room may hear a disembodied voice The recorder the camera mics won't pick it up Very interesting stuff in this case that has not happened. So That being said, I guess we're going to call it a night waste enough of your time But I want to thank each and every one of you for joining really appreciate it My kiss she's out for now. What'd you say? Okay, she's getting possessed. So, you know, I gotta do a quick exercise exorcism on her And then I'll let you know how that goes No, thanks for watching guys appreciate it. Y'all stay safe. Have a great week and uh, we'll chat at you guys soon Stay tuned for some videos Uh, I keep it out for her so it'll be uploaded tonight and um See you guys soon. Bye. Bye now. Shea bearer myth man legend gone for now month Bye guys, thanks Don't have to do that here