What is up 8% nation the entire insurance nation that wants to succeed? I'm Cody askings and I'm here with mr. Pete Forney a what's up brother? What's happening Cody? How are you dude? I'm great man, dude ever since I saw you We didn't even know each other. I saw you on Facebook.  I want to help agents. I want to teach agents and I'm like dude I love this guy's energy his enthusiasm, you know, I saw so huge respect for what you're doing man I appreciate it man you as well. Thank you buddy. Appreciate that very much. So so those that don't know Pete Pete is he's he works with Sam Wolf who's a speaker at the event good, dude We love Sam also Pete is one of the life mentors in Ryan Saradakis's TTC Facebook group tips tricks and closers which you guys are gonna have a booth at the event You're bringing a bunch of people to the event Focused on having a ton of fun man for those that for those that don't know Pete number one You got to follow the dude. I mean his his energy his creativity His his his love for this industry is strong so strong. So so so so do me a favor, buddy Why don't you tell everyone a little about you in general for those that maybe don't know you yet? Sure. Yeah, so again Pete Fournier I am in the tips tricks and closers group on Facebook as a mentor me and Ryan Saradakis go way back to our Captive days at American Income Life back in the day where we all started got some great training there But just a little bit about me I started in the industry as an intern for what was then ING financial back in the day Just making cold calls and stuff like that for for two agents that were in the office Making like I think 13 14 bucks an hour which in college. I thought I was like loaded and then One of my buddies actually interned for Northwestern Mutual and I was like oh man if I can make cold calls I can I could sell insurance. So I went there I got a lot of mentorship They paid for my license all that good stuff when you're 20 years old man being able to expense things is always good and Was there for about a year and a half two years as an intern that moved to aIL and then eventually found My permanent upline of the last five five and a half years or so with Sam Wolff at that time he was with unique underwriters and So I went over to their IMO and didn't have much money Being on a lower comp then you know the typical independent agent might be So I only had a few grand to really drop on my business quote-unquote So what I started with was age leads and like mad old age leads like three four five years old got a couple hundred of them and I wrote 11,000 in my first four days of being in the field as an independent agent I don't want to interrupt but I got it for our audience men in case they missed this Yeah, three four five year old aged life insurance leads Yep, you wrote eleven K in four days over a weekend Yep Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday would be my field days and they say 92% of insurance agents fell in this Right, right So I preach age leads like most agents either have time or they have money and a leads are the way to go Brand new leads are the way to go but if you can't afford them don't drop the money unless you're comfortable and Anybody and everybody can write ten fifteen thousand dollars a weekend on age leads. At least that's my my view Jeez, that's Freaking crazy. Okay, and then I think you were telling me before as we've kind of gotten to know each other You had an even bigger number in like your first 45 days like the first month Yeah, I was able to drop just under twenty five thousand twenty four eight to be Exact on all old leads So for all those people in Ohio or Michigan, that's where I was at So you're living in a goldmine if you live out there But yeah, it was a pretty good feeling and be able to drop just under 25k in about 45 days And those first two months really propelled my income so that way I could afford brand new a leads after that Yeah, well, what was it about this industry that really? Who got you involved? So one of my fraternity brothers When he went to Northwestern Mutual, I think in like college He might have been making like thirty forty thousand or something selling You know term policies to our buddies because no one has money in college So I was like man, I could do that like I'm a better salesperson than you are Sorry Nate if you're watching this but So we'd go out in the field together we do a lot of joint work and you know I was seeing The dream from a lot of people in the office Maserati is hundred thousand dollar a month income, you know $100,000 a year residuals. I was like man I'm hooked and I was never a nine to five person like I've been a commission based salesperson Pretty much my entire working career So I think all those aspects really drew me into this industry and it's so much fun like I put out a video the other day where The reason I love the industry so much is that any single person could be a client like I could sell you right now I could see the sale of the person next to me at the bar. I could sell the waiter at the restaurant It doesn't matter as long as you're insurable You're a client, right? So and not everybody has that capability You could be the best salesperson in the world, but not everyone's in the market for like Bentley, right? So I think that is one of the best parts about this industry Wow, wow and and and also You're focused on a lot doing a lot of training and coaching and helping agents You're making two or three hundred grand a year part-time Working when you say part-time, we'll be talking about probably like 15 or 20 hours a week in the field I would say max. I just don't have time for it granted like any upline out there if you're still actively writing There's no reason not to go out during the week and for 15 hours make $10,000 You know, so always stay in the field at least a little bit for those builders out there, but yeah, I try to Yep, that's really your whole team. I love that. Yeah. Yeah, absolutely I always try to lead by example or at least lead from the front and Challenge my agents to compete with me one for fun and two because if you do you're probably gonna be making two or three hundred thousand dollars a Year, so there's no reason not to run with me, you know Yeah, yeah, exactly. Okay. So you mentioned you mentioned run with me What? Got you wanting to start this whole hundred K and a hundred days thing that you're like right in the middle of half halfway in the middle Yeah, so I had one month Probably like two or three years ago where I dropped like I want to say 40 or fit in between 40 and $50,000 in Issue-paid business, which is always the most important number. I you hear big numbers out there But if it's not issue-paid who cares right so it was in between 40 and 50 low 40s I think it was and me and Ryan were talking about that month one day we were just you know shooting the shit whatever and He kind of bet me that I couldn't write 100k in a hundred days or we were saying how hard it would be to write a thousand dollars a day in premium for a hundred days average, you know and I was like I could probably do that and he was like so put it out there, so I did and Told you before I'm a little bit behind, but I'm pretty much on pace I think I'm down by like maybe four or five thousand which I can make up in a weekend But I'm the key to it which I thought was cool and I posted a video on this the other day if you follow my page My first month I did it all off of referrals, so I was dropped. I dropped like twenty eight thirty thousand dollars From referrals and then geared up for lead purchases Now like I didn't have the money But I was trying to show proof of concept for a new agent to go out there and you know people avoid friends and family like the plague Sometimes they're your best network So go sell some people that you know or referrals of those people get a bankroll and then start purchasing leads So it wasn't necessarily about like me bragging of how great a closer. I am but a hundred thousand dollars and a hundred days I don't care what contract level you're at could be life-changing right for an agent And I'm trying to do it in the most simple way possible So like no single premiums. I don't count those no annuities It's strictly like final expense whole life Maybe some ULs or I ULs a mortgage protection term just straight up common life insurance right up life man I love that that's good that that's such a that's such a cool way What was real was a real valuable nugget about what you just said when you and Ryan were talking was how? you came with an idea that You knew would be valuable to the industry that would help people You know you didn't think about it you're like dude if it's the right thing to do it's the right thing to do So let's just do it you know and I just love that I love that mentality I love that you know just just just think about it and do it and go all in is that something that's kind of always been in your DNA Yeah, absolutely and I I try to put it out there as much as humanly possible whether it's with my team or the TTC group and again, it's not to brag But if I put something out there, I challenge myself and now it's public. So I'm Rip it, you know when when you set a goal and it's good to like write I write down goals You know every day I learn from Grant Cardone all the time right down your goals when you wake up And when you go to bed, I have a 10x planner on my nightstand inside When when you're writing it down, that's all well and good But when you're affirming it or telling people about it one Hopefully they think you're nuts and two you're putting it out there publicly And to be honest like even if I failed and wrote like 90,000 I don't think any newer agent is gonna be pissed that they wrote 90,000 in a hundred days, right? So there was no real downside to putting it out there It's always been true for me Would you say it's true for you that hey when I think of something and I don't add time and I just do it I put it out there Especially publicly it kind of forces you to the rise to the occasion am I right? Yeah, a hundred percent because you don't have that crutch of saying, you know, oh well Maybe I'll add an extra two weeks and I'll write a hundred K and a hundred and twenty days or whatever the casement You know and it doesn't matter if you fail or not you went for it And if you failed you failed successfully Again, if you failed and you missed your mark by 10 20 even 30 percent wrote 70 K in a hundred days Not many agents can say they can do that and that's extrapolated to you know 200 250 thousand dollars a year in issue-paid business. That's a lot of money. Yeah That's a whole lot especially for an industry that you know supposedly known for a lot of people fell in man And and it's but it's it's a good industry. We both love it. You can tell that so Your goals Maybe maybe they're private No, no here one with me at least I'm a big goal guy I write my goals on every single morning this morning.  I'm just literally we sound so much alike. It's crazy Share with this something. Yeah the most important one to me right now from a like a Business standpoint or issue-paid business is I want $250,000 a month of issue-paid business coming from my agency It's kind of a goal that me and Sam talked about a couple months ago But the key to it is right when you're writing down your goals make them very Exact right hit it on the head. So not only just $250,000 an issue-paid business, but I'd like it to come from 25 producers or less I don't need a Bajillion people right writing one app a month to necessarily hit that goal I not only want that income for myself, but I want to change my agents life financially, so if I have $250,000 coming in a month from let's say 25 agents everyone's doing at least 10 grand Right that good money. I mean depending on who you're talking to but for the most part average across America I don't care if you live here in New Jersey or California in the Midwest 150 grand a year is not too shabby and you'll just go up from there So I think that's a really important goal that I write down every day. Haven't hit it yet, but you know Matt Timman writes in it says this guy is legit. So so so dude you're already making a thanks Matt appreciate it man We're already responding and excited and so This event is something that Because I could ask you questions all day. I've already learned valuable nuggets. I know our audience will I know our agents will What was it about? Because I've met so many cool people that have really wanted to get behind this thing and it's been it's been super humbling What was it about this whole deal? It's in 15 days eight hours Yeah, man Really really made you kind of want to get behind it and support it and you know your whole group and Ryan And all you guys have been great. Yeah a couple things like I've been following you like silently for a while and secure agent mentor And I love what you guys are doing.  Here's your leads. These are all the carriers You really can't fail right so that was one two. I really wanted to bring my agents and Ryan myself and the rest of TTC kind of wanted to do a giant meetup And what better place to do it right then this conference and three man You can't not get motivated by listening to Grant Cardone speak I don't care what your view is on him I did a coaching call with him like a year and a half ago. I'm on Cardone. You that guy is Unbelievable so between him. I've listened to Tim story speak before Ray Lewis like you can't ask for a better lineup So those three things man the camaraderie.  That's awesome. Absolutely. I love that like if that don't give somebody jacked up and hyped up for this event man Do it no one I be party. Yeah That's truth Pete, I love it man. I love it. I love the interaction. This would one of the reason I love be live You can actually randomly. What's up, Jonathan? Jonathan's from Jersey, too. Nice, man He's a real machine that is awesome. That is so that is so cool. You know what? We all need we all need referrals So I thank you for the kind word John. That's awesome, buddy That's really cool. So for those that don't know you but they're gonna be at the event and They're like, you know what I'd really like to this dude Pete man. He's he's standing he's standing out amongst the crowd man If they see you Cool if they grab you and pick your brother percent.  I want to talk to every single person there if I could Okay, if they're able to grab you picked and pick your brain for a second What do you expect that they will learn from Pete? So one that's to my own horn, but I write about 80% of my business off of referrals So if if you're a lead monger I mean, that's all well and good and it's great to have leads and I believe in them, too But my philosophy is your leads should be supplementing your referrals and it also breaks down your lead cost Like some leads out there may cost 30 bucks, which aren't so bad some leads brand new may cost $80, you know Depending on the vendor so if you want to really bring your lead cost down per capita Turn that lead in the five leads and now you're only paying, you know 10 bucks or five dollars or whatever the math is behind that So one is referrals and two is really planning your financial strategy around this business I made enough mistakes money-wise in terms of like buying the fancy watch right off the bat or like the car or Not reinvesting a heavy amount of money into my business I always preach to my agents and to others that ask you should be saving at least 40 to 45 percent of your commissions Towards taxes and other expenses that accumulate within your business and if you're bad at it take your advance and jump it down to 60 percent and then save your release money or whichever way you want to do it But those two things referrals and actually managing the financial aspects of your business definitely ask away Dude, I love the I love the strategy portion, especially the referrals because I feel like a lot a lot of agents leave with a lot of referrals on the table Yeah, but also the okay. Let me ask you this. What's your What's your referral question because we've all got we enjoy and we like yeah So I try to ask for referrals throughout the entirety of the presentation It's not like one process and I'll give you a little secret away One is obviously the the training wheels pitch is using the beneficiaries and Explaining the policy to said beneficiary what it means to be a beneficiary and then referrals from initial pitch To close to the thank-you card that I write to my six-month review with the client Every point in time. I'm asking them consistently. Do you know somebody that's in the same financial situation? That you are in people hang out with people usually on the same level Maybe a little above maybe a little below right so if you got a $500 a month IUL out of somebody right they probably know ten other people that are in the same financial situation that can afford a $500 a month IUL right or that just bought a house or just had a baby so use that question throughout the entirety of the process and You should be averaging at least three to five referrals in every sit anyway Ask don't be afraid, you know. Yeah, I love that. That's strong buddy. Thank you for sharing that That's amazing nuggets that everyone can learn from we can all improve all get better You know, I love that for from a strategy stand strength standpoint You mentioned a few things that I necessarily Maybe had heard hadn't heard and it's just it's it's unique What along the way Kind of kind of led you to look to learning some of these strategy nuggets that can be extremely valuable to new agents Yeah, so I I was constantly learning like my first I mean from from interning to captivity quote-unquote to my first year or two being independent I was not afraid to ask other people questions that that were more successful than I was I don't have that big of an ego. I'm pretty confident, but I'm not that cocky Right to just say I'm gonna go off on my own and just rip it because you need help which is why the whole trip tips tricks and closers things came to fruition because There's not enough information out there for new agents, right or there is but no one's shoving it in their face So I tried to gain a little nugget or two from everybody that I met or talked to and then turned it into my own pitch You know taking something from Dave and Sam and Larry and Moe and Curly and whoever else right and putting it in this box and developing it into my Process because I wasn't the best at final expense pitches. I wasn't the best initially at gaining referrals I wasn't the best at closing over a $250 a month deal. I was scared to ask for that So I learned all of those aspects and then kind of created my own philosophy about it Yeah, I like that especially that you're willing to share and that you know what you realize that hey I don't need to hide You know I don't need to hide all this stuff if it helps other people and we can improve this industry You know why not and I think I think it's I think it's gold if you had to describe Pete in one word Just randomly you probably maybe an access for maybe not what would that word be? Motivated Motivated man. I love that But I want them, you know Yeah, there's no such thing as being too fired up. No doubt and thank you Kevin. Appreciate the kind of words, buddy Dude, what's got you so motivated man because you can tell you are an energetic motivated, maybe it's the goals Maybe it's the vision What is it the industry man like um, you know I? Like I said, I was never a nine-to-five or I can't imagine you know spending every day in an office and like punching a clock And only getting 70 grand a year or whatever it you know people are making and the industry is Gives you so much there's no reason not to be motivated like the whole game is numbers anyway So if you have a shit week in the field and you had ten sits and they all said no Maybe next week you have ten sits and nine of them said yes like the numbers always play out So there's no real reason to get down on yourself And if you are and you're in a rut find someone like me or like you or Anybody else that you can kind of latch on to for a little while and let us pass that motivation on to you because there's no Reason to be negative in this industry no reason Totally more millionaires in the financial services insurance industry than any other industry on planet Earth Yeah, and it's and I always say it's not easy, but sure as hell is simple Yeah, you know if you find a process and follow it. It's simple. It may not be easy day to day You might be tired. You may not eat in the field or you know pee or whatever the case may be right long days long nights But the entire process from start to finish from day one in the field to retirement, right quote-unquote is is simple When when you were when you were in your peak out in the field times How many what what number of appointments did you generally run? So I was trying to do a lot of travel trips Not to Negate where people live or something like that, but there are gold mines throughout this country That are maybe easier to sell in so I spent a lot of time talking with agents that were in certain areas and Would travel to those places and spend like a long travel trip one Maybe the area was easier but if you post up in a hotel for 96 hours and you have no Distractions no girlfriend boyfriend husband kids whatever the case may be and all you're there to do is write business You will kill it and sometimes you just need that So I was doing that I would probably get anywhere from 25 to 35 appointments in those Thursday to Sunday spans of time, which was usually my long weekend Either Thursday to Sunday or Friday to Monday I would go fly out somewhere or drive somewhere and I would write anywhere from 10 to 25 probably thousand in that span of time Granted not all that was you know issue paid, but a heavy amount was I think my placement at the time doing travel trips was over 90% Because why bother write an app if it's not gonna pay out right stupid Yes, I would say 10 to 25k and I would do that like maybe once or twice a month Yeah travel trips Yeah, yeah, and then obviously write like referrals and friends and stuff like that at home But when you come home with a stack of apps, you know 25k might be 70 applications depending on what you're pitching right and depending on the income of the area that you're going into You might just be pitching $30 a day or $30 a month all day long Right, so I'd come over the stack of apps like this because not a lot of the carriers had e-apps or they weren't that good You know five six years ago So all of them were on paper so I was doing an amendments and faxing them in so I would spend my weeks Doing that and then set up a call time and do it all again So yeah, my goal at the time when I was independent was like between 20 and $25,000 a month no matter how I had to do it Like it and so you those travel trips you would just do over the weekend. Yeah. Yeah What what why the weekend because I know that's gonna be a question that comes up. Yeah, so Little nugget the best cold day in my opinion is Wednesday. It's like hump day people are feeling it They're like, oh, we're two days away from Friday We're two days away from the shittiest day of the week, which is Monday for most of these people, right? So call on Wednesday and then as I was traveling I would call on Thursday and set appointments for Friday weeks over They don't care if they're sitting there with a beer relaxing on the couch. They'll talk to you for a half hour You can do your pitch. It's very relaxing Saturday mornings Probably the best sit day on the entire planet and then Sunday and or Monday would be like spill over days If I miss somebody or I got no show that I could go doorknock them or whatever the case may be But really consolidate appointments and a huge phone day on on Wednesday You mentioned travel trips and I just like that. I love that you're willing to travel no matter what it takes dude I mean, you're so motivated. You'll do whatever. What was your and maybe I'm giving a little secret away. Yeah Yeah, what was your favorite city when you were doing so all right? You got favorite, right? I know you do. I do I do I probably still here. I'll this is a stack of leads from my favorite City um, I would say For anybody in Snohomish County, Washington, you are sitting on gold out there. I Snohomish County It was like in the middle of nowhere I went there in like December one time which was like the worst mistake of my life I rented a Prius because it was cheap and I almost died like 60 times But I wrote a ton of business so it was worth it Some some carriers were limited like I only had like five or six carriers at the start for being independent And I think out of those six I could only write two or three So that part was hard, but it was like almost always a yes You people if anyone watching this lives in Snohomish County, you are the nicest humans in the country I think you would doorknock people and they would be like yeah, come on and I was like what is happening I'm from New Jersey people would shoot you if that's over the case So really like Washington State. Yeah, you bring people Starbucks man. They open the door.   I'm not worried Place your policy. Don't feel bad. That is Awesome and so funny. That was like probably the best question of ask with all of these That's good man, that's good any other helpful advice for agents that are like, you know what a travel trip Actually doesn't sound like a bad idea. Maybe you're just struggling to get leads I know with mortgage protection Even file expense. There's areas that are harder and more expensive to get leads. So yeah, and I'm not too keen on the final expense market anymore I kind of Sway away from that and now right solely mortgage protection I'll like supplement with final expense, but I know for mortgage protection like you don't want to write I mean, I'm in New Jersey and I don't want to bash my own state But like it's kind of hard here sometimes because you're seeing mortgages for six seven eight nine hundred thousand dollars And unless they're qualified and maybe you're writing like a fully underwritten term product You get simplified issue out of that right for the most part And if for some reason you are and maybe you're you're pitching them to do half of the payment or something like that, right? Paying off 15 years out of 30 or mortgage, whatever your pitch is It's gonna run them Three four five hundred dollars a month for a simplified issue term product. So like higher income states Tends to be more difficult for mortgage protection another little nugget for you guys out there What's the sweet spot mortgage wise balance wise I really like anything under 400k like if you're pitching houses home equity loans or Refies because all those can come back in mortgage protection, right request between a hundred and four hundred thousand is really nice I do sell a decent amount of fully underwritten because it's term and it's cheap And you don't want people to replace it granted if you're doing like return a premium or they're sick Yeah, simplified issues the way to go But I do sell a lot of fully underwritten maybe in conjunction with a whole life for you L or something of that nature But if you're pitching people in between a hundred four hundred thousand you're gonna get a lot of yeses Because it's affordable for them and it makes sense But if you're looking to do a travel trip Definitely don't make my mistake and save up literally. I'm no joke $2,000 to make the travel trip Because and just set it put it in an account put it under your mattress and cash Whatever but two grand and the reason for that is you never want to be worried about your finances while you're on the trip Right so whatever you have to do if you're selling friends and family if you still maybe have a part-time job And you're doing this whatever the case may be save 2k one it's for your leads to it's for your travel Traveling is not cheap anymore unless you get rewards points or something of that nature and three when you're there your mindset should just be writing writing writing writing business and You got to stay healthy when you're on the road to you shouldn't be eating like McDonald's just because it's a dollar, right?  Yeah, but but Taco Bell Taco Bell is okay though, right? Yeah in moderation right cheesy potato That's what ends up happening. We go on these trips or we go hours from home Or we spend the day traveling the state and we end up eating Garbage and soda and energy drinks and just coffee and it just I mean honestly it affects your personality It affects your attitude it affects your ability to stay hyped up and excited and energetic and your yourself all day Like that's actually I have something I strongly. I mean, yeah, probably is I love Taco Bell. Yeah, I do too Especially like after midnight, you know, obviously I told the guys in the studio. I said man, I think I think talk I think Taco Bell's got like dollar tacos today for Wednesday, and they're like really Think they're like a buck something every day, but yeah, just get a case of them. It's not a big deal Exactly you have been incredible One of our best interviews you've been awesome man. I appreciate it man. Thank you so much for having me I look forward to the conference and meeting you in person finally for those agents that are on two questions real quick. Yeah number one For a new agent that's struggling Help them out real quick. If you can speak to that new agent. We get a lot of new agents watch our content watch our stuff What would you what would you like to say to them? Yeah, if you're struggling in business do a couple things one start building your own content base Content's king man. I'm posting videos not only for agents, but also for clients There's so many misconceptions about life policies in general or critical illness or disability or long-term care People don't know about them. There's no general, you know rule of thumb for any of these products So post your own content and start getting people involved And then like if you're struggling and you need to write business talk to your friends and your family I mean like it's like a it sounds like a no-no But if you know what you're talking about first first you got to get competent, right? Don't don't go pitching your friends and family if you have no idea what you're doing, but Learn and then go talk to them. They're your biggest support network And you should have enough empathy when you're talking to them to actually care about them. What's up Sam Wolf? What's happening? Yeah, I love that you said that there's so many agents scared to work to one market, you know My brother may not love me anymore But what happens if something happens to your brother and you could have delivered the news and you were right there And you could have helped and you could have done something you didn't you're gonna feel way worse Down the road then you will right now by approaching them. So I love that you said that yeah And are you gonna be able to live with that? I mean sometimes you have to have a hard conversation with like a brother a sister a cousin a high school buddy Just bring it up because they'll thank you for it in the long run, you know really really will it's so true We were talking about that earlier where you know you'll get a lot of objections early in a call or early in an appointment and then after you or they'll say hey I'm just shopping. I'm not doing anything today and an hour later They bought and they're thanking you for selling, you know, and it's like the same way with your warm market and your family And so do that that's good. Okay last question. Thank you for helping one agents do last question If an agent's on the fence Why should they get to a personation?  I don't know people that aren't in this industry Everyone should be so psyched all the time or else, you know, it's very hard to be successful but The motivation alone is gonna be worth the price of admission or travel or whatever you have to do to get there and Second thing I'm gonna be there. Cody is gonna be there all the leaders of the industry are gonna be there well above my stature You know, so I'm going to still learn from the best whether it's a speaker on the panel Whether I'm seeing somebody at the VIP party. It doesn't matter if you're paying I Think I booked my flight my Airbnb and stuff today. It might be like 1500 to grand I don't know but you're paying to take back one or two nuggets That's gonna turn into 30,000 dollars in premium. It's a no-brainer. Just go Dude, I love it. You heard of your first from the humbled talented and Mr. Pete Fournier, dude. Thank you, brother appreciate Cody. Thank you. I'll see you soon He's been on you have to number one get to this event and when you do you've got to grab Pete You got a shake his hand. You gotta get a picture with him.  That's his personality. He's got a big heart He's so enthusiastic and he's motivated man. And you know what?  Thanks for being on buddy. Love it, man Thanks so much appreciate it. She's a bro. We'll see you at Nissan Stadium and everybody else We'll see you in Nashville at Nissan Stadium here in a couple weeks Make it easy


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I worked with Linux Foundation, I did a couple of big small sites in Drupal and I've been working especially with continuous integration and testing and that kind of thing which kind of led me to Docker. So this presentation if you want to grab it on GitHub, it's on GitHub the entire presentation. My blog is a de-cycle project. So basically, well, there's just two of you, but you can tell me what exactly you want to get out of this? For me, so I come from a background of just DevOps area, so it's more on the lines of implementing continuous integration from clients. But what I have a hard time understanding is how we can make it so that it's easy for Drupal installations in the perspective of having multiple instances in a fleet of servers and not managing virtual machines for every single one of the Drupal instances. Sounds good. I'm not sure I'll be able to touch on exactly that kind of thing. The reason I like Docker is more for setting up throwaway development accounts, but I'll touch on deployment a bit and I'll see about that. How about you? What's your interest in? I'm curious about Docker. We use vagrant and Ansible to manage deployments and we might have a project where we'll have to use Docker. You'll love it. So have you ever used Docker before, any of you? I have. Okay. So we can make it more, since we're like just three of us, making more of a discussion and I can animate and if you want to stop me anytime, no problem. So we're going to look at why DevOps, I'll just kind of go through that fast because I think both of you are already sold on that. Why containers and not virtual machines? You don't need Docker to do containers, but it is better because of the caching. But we'll look at why the difference is, we'll look at item potents versus just throwaway containers. I don't like item potents. I think it's the wrong solution to bad design and I'll tell you why. And look at how Docker uses caching and why that's interesting and look at after that how data is used in Docker containers, one approach to data. We'll look at some demos, we're going to deploy a live site and do some automated testing and things like that. Look at some caveats, things to consider. And if you guys have some questions, just do it along the presentation since we're just three of us. So why DevOps? So at first we had nothing under Git and we were just FTPing into our servers and after that Drupal became under Git, but not the database, we were always cloning this unversioned database every time we wanted to do something. And after that, now this is where most of us are now, some sort of like features based thing with site deployment modules or a way to get features out of the database and into the code base. And the promise of DevOps is to move those last two parts into under Git as well, so to have something where everything's under Git. And that's kind of where Docker comes in, is in those last two parts and perhaps Vagrant and Puppet and Ansible and all of other tools are in that space as well and there's maybe some kind of competition going there. So that's like, today I want to maybe explain why I think in many cases Docker can be a really interesting alternative. So really quickly VMs and containers, just the way they work, I mean, this is the way most of us are going to use VMs, we're going to have, let's say a Mac OS and we're going to have a Vagrant and what's called virtual box. And it's really, when you look at all the resources this stuff uses, there's a reason why it takes 35 seconds to one minute to launch a VM. So basically, it's duplicating a lot of the effort, all the libraries, all of the OS files, they're all like duplicated, whereas the way Docker works, the way containers work and Docker is just a wrapper around containers. So the way containers work is that your application is going to, application A for example, is going to think it runs under Ubuntu and application B is going to think it runs under CentOS, but your core OS, but your host OS might be core OS or something else. And containers kind of manage all that kind of making sure that the applications think they're running in a specific environment, but they're actually reusing a lot of what's common between different OSes. So as you can see, that's a lot more nimble and you'll see in a few minutes how extremely fast that is. So that's the way containers work. And that, by the way, does not work on Mac or Windows. You have to have a Linux box, for example, Ubuntu. Or the one I love to use is core OS. Core OS is like a very, very, very tiny OS that ships with Docker and Git. And that's like the perfect OS. And I have it installed on Vagrant on my Mac. So I never actually develop anything on my Mac. I always SSH into this core OS machine, which is on my Mac. Yeah. So like in a typical cloud-based Docker as well as IBM Bluemix is about to launch the Docker to the OS service. Do you find that there might be a risk of having constraints on what you can do or cannot do because you won't have access to configure the core? I haven't come across any. I know that there's some discussion around that. But when you log into these containers, you really are in your container. You really, everything acts exactly as if you were at the OS level. However, if you want to do some really fancy stuff at the kernel level, then you might not be able to. But in most cases, I've seen that's not a problem. And it's maybe a good thing that you don't have access to that. Is that container and service or are they provisioning you a version of their OS with your own login where you can install Docker to play with your containers? It's like a runtime. So they provide the OS to us and you just deploy the actual containers. That's the problem. I mean, we had a challenge with not Bluemix, but for one of the providers from the clients hosting it. What ends up happening is the OS that we're using has different packages and dependencies. So when we had to push it to their production environment, packages are missing. So they had to deploy that. And one way to circumvent that is having their regular touchpoints on what is the baseline OS are we building on top of and what are the packages that we're installing on top and having that in sync all the time so that their system needs to know what we're trying to do. But why are you having packages on this? Because the only thing you really need is Docker on the base and then everything else is in the containers. The way that our team work was, we were getting our hands dirty in there. So we had a lot of floating around tools just for debugging purposes and like log rotate and all that other fun stuff, which were not at all like, they were all Docker through 1.3, 1.4. Because the way what I would do is I would just have all of that stuff in another Docker container. Like a Docker debug container or Docker development container or Docker production. So all these containers are super cheap to set up and destroy. So I wouldn't do anything on the host OS. Actually my usage of like I have nothing on my Mac and I have nothing on CoreOS either. Everything I do is in containers. Yeah, and it works fine. Containers talk to each other. So we'll move on with data. So in a typical setup where you're using tools like Ansible and Puppet and Chef that are kind of idempotent. So idempotent, the idea is that you describe how something should be and then the kind of system makes it so. So for example, Puppet is going to have this weird kind of ugly syntax here that's going to like make sure that PHP is 5.2, right? And to me that's like that's clunky. It's hard to understand. It's hard to get your head around. It's hard to understand all these new languages. So I try to avoid idempotence entirely. I try to do all my workflow without idempotence. And I'll tell you why in a moment. But the reason we need idempotence is because we can't just get rid of this machine, right? This machine contains data. So we can't just get rid of it and replace it with a new one. So we need to have a mechanism to go in and change little parts of it with what we want. And that's the idempotence. And that's how Puppet works and Chef and Ansible. In the case of containers, containers are actually made to be throw away. So you can just get rid of the container and replace it. So for example, in case of Drupal, the data will be your database, of course, and the sites default files module. Those are the two things that are data in Drupal. So you don't want those things to be stored on the container. You want the container to have access to them, but you want them to actually be stored on somewhere else, probably on your host. You could do it on your host OS. So you would run MySQL instance on within the container? Yeah, all the application stuff is in the container. So the MySQL instance, the server, everything, it's all on the container. Just the database data itself is on the host machine, but not any kind of application to deal with it. That's all on the container side. So when you have something like this, you no longer need idempotence, right? Idempotence becomes irrelevant, because all you need to do when you want to update, let's say you want to update memcache for a point version, you want to update Drupal from 8.0.1 to 8.0.2 or whatever, all you need to do really is just get rid of your machine, destroy it, put in a new one, and link that new machine to your same data, run drushupdb and you're set to go. So you don't need these idempotent tools that are just so kind of clunky and hard to understand. You don't need your team to understand these anymore to do DevOps. So aggressive caching, Docker basically is not going to do the same thing twice. If you launch the machine and it takes 30 seconds to launch in Docker, and you destroy it and you relaunch it after that, it's going to take less than a second. Because Docker keeps everything in cache and it kind of incrementally keeps in memory in every state of the container. So that's kind of nice, and you have this kind of, to me what I find is a psychological threshold of instantaneity, instantaneousness. So if something takes 30 seconds to launch a VM, it kind of feels slow. And developers are just not going to do it. You know, they're going to do it maybe twice an hour or whatever. And they're going to do a lot of development between times they relaunch the machine from scratch.  And then tests are going to either fail or pass, but it might be because the machine is polluted. It's not necessarily because the test fails or passes. Because it's now instantaneous to use Docker, you can start a new several times a minute if you want. You can change something, restart your, like just rebuild from scratch every time. So you don't have a polluted interface. And you can even do some, what Pantheon does. Pantheon actually builds these machines from scratch every time a request comes in for a website page. So let's say I want the about us page on some website. I type it into my browser. It hits the Pantheon box. And at that second Pantheon launches the container, serves up the page and gets rid of the container. So these containers just become like very throwaway things. You never log into these containers. You just throw them out, replace them. What's important is your data and what's important is the link between the two. So a few demos, name your module, Drupal module. Drupal 7? Whatever, Drupal 8, 7. Views. Views, okay. So I'm going to get views, drupal.org project views. So I'm going to get the Drupal 7 version of views because there's no Drupal 8 version. And I'll show you how you can use Docker actually to do development on views, right? Because don't forget, we no longer have MAMP on our machines now. MAMP is de-passing, right? So we're going to put in views in a specified, this area demo here is a space that's shared between my Mac and my CoreOS machine. So I'm going to develop there. So don't forget I don't have Drupal. I don't have anything on this machine. I did, for the purposes of using Docker, I found kind of Docker hard to kind of get around like the, I'll just show you the interface really quickly of what Docker looks like when you're on a CoreOS box. You can do something like Docker search Drupal. And it's going to give you a bunch of Docker images that are supposed to work with Drupal, but there's no documentation about this anywhere. It's really hard to, it's to find stuff that works. So I built a project that I call the de-cycle box. And I'll actually download that now and I'll show you what it does. So the de-cycle box, what it is, it's a collection of Docker scripts that I've found and I've created which actually work. That I can guarantee they work because first of all I'm testing them to a large degree and second of all I'm using them all the time. So if you want to play around with Docker, de-cycle box is a good place to start. So de-cycle box contains this move to your project route. And depending on the type of project you have, in this case it's Drupal 7 module. I'm going to go ahead and just copy all of this stuff to my views here, right? And I'm going to be able to develop views with Docker and I'll show you how. So this is my core OS box, which is a vagrant box. So I'm going to be moving into views. Docker PS allows me to see what my running containers are. I don't have any for now. So de-cycle box, it's a collection of scripts and I'm just going to run it now. De-cycle deploy. I'll give it a port number, in this case 80. If you want to have different instances running, you can have one on 80, one on 81, whatever. Just because I only have one, so I'll run it on the port 80.  There it's done. So basically what it did now is it provisioned Drupal, provisioned, I think it's a new Ubuntu box. It put in MySQL, it made it put in Apache, it started all that stuff. It built the Drupal site from scratch, it installed views on there and all of that stuff. So as you can see it took one second, or less. Because of its aggressive use of caching, this means that I've done this before some time in the past. I must have developed a Drupal 7 module maybe last week and Docker remembers this. So it's not going to reinstall Apache. It already knows it has somewhere in its diffs that Apache was installed in such a way. So if I run Docker PS now, I see that I have one running container. It has a container hash and you can log into it. So I'm going to actually log into this container now. I'm actually going to, yeah. So this is the IP address of my vagrant box. I'm going to reload that and if we're lucky it should work. So what this script does is it instantiated the Drupal 7 module, Drupal 7 site and it allowed, it installed views on that so I can start developing. So I'm going to run another script I have on Decycle Bot which is called ULI and I'm going to pass it as an argument 717 which is the first numbers of this hash here. 7178 or whatever and if it finds a unique match it's going to log into that container and it's going to create a user hash for you so you can log into this and you can really start developing views doing what you want with it and when you're done you just basically kill off that container.  That container is gone. So as you can see every time we interact with Docker it's basically instantaneous. So there's kind of no turning back. There's no going back to vagrant and virtual box after this. You can't stand waiting 45 seconds for a box to spin up. You have it for free here. So another module, D8 module maybe. Do you guys have a D8 module in mind? Okay, I have one. I'll give you a token. So I already downloaded a token and so make sure I have no running containers and what I did with token is I copied and pasted this move to your project root Drupal 8 module stuff from dCycleBox into token and I can run that now. The same thing. I'll run the script oops that's not there. Let me just reload. This happens once in a while. I have to reload the vagrant box. Okay, well, while that happens, let's see if it's quick or not. Oh no, it's because it actually is empty. Okay, I'll just I'll just redownload the whole thing. So token Drupal 8 or maybe token Drupal is better. There you go. And I'll get the Drupal 8 version of token and I'm going to move it here. So this is the out of the box token and just see if my vagrant box reloaded and what I need to do now is actually move in my copy to Drupal 8 module stuff to the token module. So if you want to develop stuff for Drupal 8 really quickly, very easy. You just do it this way.  So I'm going to head back to my vagrant instance and I just want to show you something interesting. So if I go to share demo, yeah. And so if I go to token, so I'll run the deploy script for token. So same thing. Done. It just installed a Drupal 8 site on, I think it's a Ubuntu. So now I have access to. Sorry, so that script also does the same thing, yeah. Yeah, not just Drupal, but the whole stack. So in this case, it's using SQLite, I believe it's just installing everything you need to to actually use a Drupal. Yeah, exactly. I'll get that to that in a second. Good point. So this is a D8 site actually. So I just want to show you something really quickly. This is, if you look at now, if I go to Docker PS, Docker PS, I'll see that I have one container running on port 80. I'm going to head back to views now and I'm going to run deploy on port 81, for example. And now at this point I have two containers, one running on port 80 and one port 81 and they're actually two completely different servers. So here's my views, development environment on port 81. And here's my token development environment on port 80. And in fact, they're completely different. So I can actually log into these containers. Let's say if I log into the first one and I run a command to get the version of Drush, for example, oh, eight, three, nine. Just stop me if you don't get what I'm doing. And if I do the exact same thing on the other container. So it tells me that I'm using Drush version 5.10 with my Drupal 7 site because presumably this is the version I want to be using for my Drupal 7 site. But on Drupal 8 I like to have the development version of Drush. So if I go 489 on the container 489, if I run the exact same command, I get Drush 7.0-dev. So I can have all these different kind of environments with different versions of all kinds of software, MySQL and PHP and Apache running in parallel. And just get rid of them when I want to. So that's it for the site development, the module development demo. Get rid of these. Yeah, okay, so how about for other stuff? How about for non-Drupal sites? Well, the same thing. I mean, I like Jekyll a lot. Actually, this presentation is written in Jekyll. And Jekyll, you kind of need to have a Jekyll server, and you need to have a Nginx server. It's kind of a complex setup to set this up. GitHub gives it to you for free, but with Docker it no longer matters if stuff is complex because it's just so cheap to set these up. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to go into my presentation, which is what we're looking at now. And I'm going to run the exact same script, which was meant for Jekyll. And I'm going to put that on port, let's say 999. So I want to develop that on port 999. And it's actually building two separate containers. So if I do a Docker PS now, I'm going to have four containers running.  One that's actually building the Jekyll site. I have an Nginx one that's on Ubuntu that's actually serving it up. I have my D7 on the CentOS and I have my D8 on Ubuntu all containers. Because these are actually sharing a lot of resources, it's really, really cheap to have these running, which is kind of nice. So if I go here and type 999, I'm going to be on my presentation because it just set that cluster of VMs up. How about a Drupal site? Well, a Drupal site is interesting because there's a few things that you need to do on a Drupal site. First of all, the data is different whether you're developing or whether you're deploying to production. I'll explain why. If you're developing a Drupal site and you have a module that you're working on, you want this module to be persistent even if your container disappears. Whereas you don't care about the database. You can get rid of the database and get a new version of it quite easily. Sorry. Whereas when you're in production, what's important to be persistent is the site's default files and the database. So it's kind of different in both situations. So for a site, what I did in DeCyclebox was I have set up two ways, two kind of, two ways of setting this up. One with making the actual files persistent in the config management. The other using the database and site's default files. I'm going to just head over to my, I'm going to get rid of all of these containers because I don't need them anymore. Oops, that's not what I wanted to do. Okay, so I have one container left.  There, gone. So I'm going to go back to my demo and I have a Drupal 8 site. Now, if you guys want to take a look at this, it's actually quite easy to do. If you go to DeCyclebox, if you go to the DeCyclebox website, which is box.decycle.com, let me just see if I can, if I have it here somewhere. No. So right here you have to get a feel for how this might be used on a D8 project. You can click there and you have a GitHub project that actually, with instructions on how to set it up. And what's great with this is that you can actually set this up directly on a CoreOS machine in the cloud. So that's actually what I did. I'm going to just log into DigitalOcean here. So I have this box called demo with today's date. And I can actually log into that. And this is actually a D8 site that I built from scratch, which is not very nice. It's not a designer, but it's still set up. And the reason I put a picture there, and I put a note there, is because I want that information to be persistent when I get rid of the box. And I'll show you how that can be done. I'm going to log into that box. I'm going to SSH into that external box. So I created this box. Okay, now I'm in my box. So this is basically what you have on the GitHub account. So if I look at what my Docker containers are on this remote DigitalOcean instance, well, I have one Docker container. I created it two hours ago. And it's running what's presumably important live data. So these kittens, and this is stuff I want to keep. But the box itself, if you remember correctly, and this is really one of the main ideas of Docker, the box itself is a throwaway. We don't care about the box, because we can rebuild it in one second whenever we want. The data we care about. So we need to separate those. And that's what I did on this machine. So I'm going to get rid of this box.  Just for clarification. When you meet the data that's stored in the MySQL, it's stored on the file system of the CoreOS. Yeah, exactly. In fact, anything I find is important on my CoreOS container. I need to specify in my CoreOS files that these need to be on my host. So I'll show you really quickly what these files actually look like. So in the case of my Drupal 8 site, I have two Docker files. This is really the heart of Docker. So there's not much to it, actually. I'm just starting from a Docker container that I know that works. You can start from anything. And what ad says is that I want to take what's on my host machine and add it to my container, and I don't want them to be synced. So in the case of my production site, all of my modules, all of my themes, I want these to reside on my container, because I know that on my production instance of Docker, I'm never going to be actually changing anything on my modules. I'm going to be doing this on dev. So I don't care if they're added and then they're not synced. It's a lot faster. However, there's another way to add stuff, which is the V argument, which I'll show you. So in the case of production, when I'm Docker running, this is the command that's interesting here, when I'm running an image, a Docker image to create a container, I want to actually synchronize stuff between data, dash project name, whatever, dash files on my local system, and SRV Drupal WW site's default files on my host system. I want these to be synchronized at all times, and I also want the DB to be synchronized with the host. So if I go back to my... Well, I'm going to actually delete this.  Oops, Docker. Kill E4G. Yeah. So now if I log back into Docker, if I log back in here, it's going to tell me there's nothing because that container is gone. But the data remains. Why did the data remain? The data remains because I told it I wanted to synchronize it with my host system. So if I log back onto Docker, onto CoreOS now, and I go to data, I see that this file system... Oops. What did I do? Oh, yeah. I wanted to cd into data. This contains my database and my files. What is my database? Well, I can... It's actually a... It's actually a SQLite database. Right? But you can also do this with my SQL database. And my file is my size default file. So all of that stuff is safe on my host machine. So my containers, I can get rid of them whenever I want. And when I do decide that I want to recreate this machine or perhaps an updated version of this machine, I could just recreate the machine. And if it's out of sync with the database, I just run DrushUpDB on the machine. And there you go. Right? So Eeprod just tells it I want to have a production environment and not a development environment. So now it's actually checking. I have a script that actually checks, okay, I want to rebuild a new container around this data. And so you see no database update required. Well, that means that the script actually knows that the database might be out of sync. So it's checking if it needs to run DrushUpDB or not. And it realizes it doesn't, so it's happy. And I can go about my business now and revisit the site. So the site sounds for a few seconds when I do updates, and that's the only thing that happens. Back to the demos. Okay, so you have to do a deployment to production.  And I'm going to go to my Drupal site. I'm going to doc, I'm going to run my deploy script, but for development, right? So now you see it's not doing a DrushUpDB. It's doing setup initial because I don't need a DrushUpDB. It's just setting up the initial site basically. So it's doing all the kind of stuff that it needs to do to create this website from scratch, including if you're familiar with the configuration management system in D8, imports all the basic theme and all the views and all that stuff. And we're going to see in a moment how I can actually go ahead and do some development on this. So I understood that the CoreOS host file system, as your persistent data, for your files, if you're not syncing, then say for example, from the front end, my user goes and uploads another file. That file will be stored in files somewhere in Drupal. Well, in Dev that's what happens. So if I'm developing this website and I add temporary nodes and files and whatnot, as soon as I destroy this container, that those files, those things are gone. Oh, that's why. In production, they're synced. They're always synced. So as soon as I upload a new node, my database gets updated. When I upload a new image, that image gets stored in the file system, which is also synced. So they never get out of sync, these things. So I now have a development environment, a D8 development environment here, which is on my local Docker machine, which is, I believe, here. And now I want to add, let's say, some sort of something to my website, for example, a vocabulary. So the first thing I need to do is go ahead and log into my machine. Oh, I need to give it a container name I want to log in as 4b2. And this is Drupal 8, so there's no more features or anything like that. I'm just going to log in. I'm going to change something about this site. Perhaps I don't actually like this theme that much. Maybe it was a bad idea, so I might want to go and change that theme to something else. So I'll maybe change it to something minimalist. I'll actually change it to this here. I'll change it to this. So it is default. Kind of ugly, but that's what I want. And if I go back home now, so this is the development I'm doing. I can also add views and vocabulary terms and whatnot, but this is the only thing I wanted to do for now. So once that's done, oops, system rebooting five minutes. Okay, so that threw me off. So basically now what I want to do is I'm going to run another script called export configs. Oh, tell it which container, 4b2. And it's going to basically grab that new configuration so you can see system theme up there. It's updated. So it knows that stuff up there. So anything you do basically get views, anything at all, this script grabs these and puts them in the configuration store, which is in the case of a dev environment, synchronized with my CoreOS machine. So if right now, if I head back to my Mac and I do get status, so my system theme YML has changed and if I do a get diff here, it's changed from major to classy. So that's cool. Do I actually want to set that on a master branch? I'm going to actually check it out on a new branch. I'll get commit that demo with different theme, get push origin demo, right? Oops, there you go. Okay, so I'll head back to my, this is my production site, right? So again, using Docker, I'm going to log into my production sites. This would actually be your continuous integration server doing this, it wouldn't be you. But for the purpose of the demo, I'll do it myself. And this container here contains my old theme. I don't want to log into that and change the theme. I don't care about this container anymore. So what I want to do now is I want to just delete the container, right? And at this point, I'm going to be able to deploy my new container on port 80 with my production script. No database update required. If I hadn't had a database updates, it would do them here. So if I'm, for example, upgrading modules or whatnot, I can do the database updates here. And at this point, when I log back into my remote core OS, I'm still logged in because don't forget, everything is the same. So the cookies, everything remains identical. Except, nope, didn't seem to. Well, it should have done it. Anyway, live demos never worked. I have to apply. Yeah, it's supposed to do that automatically. I don't know why it didn't. Oh well. But the idea is, the idea is, oh, you know why? What would you say? No, no, that should do that automatically. But the reason it's not working is I used the wrong branch. I should use the branch demo. All right. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to get checkout demo. I'm going to get pull origin demo. Docker PS. So see here, I made a mistake. Well, it doesn't matter. I can just kill it. So it's super cheap to create these containers. Perfect example. Yeah. So there was a good example. I'm just to recreate it. It takes a few seconds. And now you're going to actually see it going through the update process where it re-imports this new configuration. Because don't forget, you don't want to do anything in the user interface. Right? This is all your continuous integration server doing this stuff. So you can't log into your interface at all. Yeah. Cool. I'm not sure why this one is taking so long. Because it's all in cache. So I don't know why that's... Maybe I did something wrong. But anyway. Huh? So there you have no database updates required. But you will see it probably... Yeah, you see there, system theme update. That's what it's doing. So and there the new container is done using the old data. And I can now log back into this thing. And I'm going to have whatever changes I made. In this case, it's just changing a theme, but it can be anything. And the important thing is using my old data also. So no item potents. You don't need to wrap your head around all this ansible and puppet and chef stuff. Which to me, if I'm completely opaque and incomprehensible. You don't need that stuff. All you need is throw away containers. That's the idea. That's what I love about about production. Yeah. That's a good point. That's actually a really good point. So your Docker files like really often. I'm going to actually show you a Docker file. That's more kind of representative of what a Docker file may look like. This is by the way, this is a puppet file. You don't want to get into that. It's just too difficult. So here's what a typical Docker file may look like. So in this case, from basically the base box. There's lots of base boxes going around. In this case, I decided to just start from Ubuntu. Straight up Ubuntu. And I'm basically doing everything I need to do to set up a D8 site. So your question basically is when you go ahead and install, for example, Curl or PHP 5, Curl or at some point I'm installing PHP 5. So on line 17 I'm installing PHP 5, for example. At this point, the idea, what you're saying is when you're developing locally, the PHP version that kind of ships with Ubuntu on this package manager is PHP 5.2, for example. And when you do it in production, it's 5.3. That's a really good point. And what I try to do as much as possible is to use a Docker hub. So it's to build these Docker files. Like, for example, this one, I built it. I gave it a version and I throw it on the Docker hub. And that is never going to change. It's never going to be rebuilt. And then on my local Drupal 8 site here, my Docker file is actually using the image that's actually the binary from the Docker hub. So it's never rebuilding it. That's one way I'm getting around this problem. The other way I'm getting around this problem is visible, for example. Yeah, this is a good example here, line 36. So in this case, I'm actually, I don't want to just Drush DL Drupal. Because Drush DL Drupal doesn't tell me which version I'm using. I want to actually download a specific version of Drupal. And ideally, a specific version of PHP and any other stuff I'm using. So ideally, you want to encapsulate the versions of what you're doing in there. And when beta 11 comes out, well, you just change beta 10 to beta 11. And you throw away your old server completely. And you recreate a new server from scratch, but with your new version of your image. So that's something that could happen. And that I've seen happen in the past. That you have different versions and different builds of your Docker file. And those are the two kind of techniques that I decided to use to get around that issue. The new image wants to always re-use that image until you know you have to upgrade it. Yeah, that was kind of the idea. All this stuff is experimental, by the way. So I wouldn't go around using it in production. But it's kind of just a way to get the feel for the technology and see how it could theoretically be used. Next question. Would you be comfortable using the mission critical production environment for a big client like STM, for instance? I probably would. But being aware that it's an experimental kind of thing, right? I probably would today, yeah, myself. But we'd have to make sure that the stakeholders understand that it's kind of a new technology and it's not used in production by a lot of people. But it has advantages. So you can take the time you save by using its advantages and kind of use that time to make Docker better and more secure and so on. And I would probably do it for sure. Shopify uses Docker and they blog about it and so on. So last thing I want to show you is CI.   Whatever you do, you're going to have problems. I think Docker is in a position where it's kind of stable enough. I know a lot of startups that are actually making money from products, not from Docker. They're actually using Docker in production. And the common issues they run into is it's not Docker functioning, it's some migration shift happened, configuration shift happened. Right. Yeah. And just everything is under version control. And it's just kind of, I don't foresee any issue. There is the kind of technical problem that Docker runs as a route. So you could theoretically have different containers access each other. It's a theoretical problem. And the guys at core OS are working on an alternative to Docker called Rocket. So and Rocket actually runs under different users and so on. It's supposedly more secure. I don't understand the security concern myself. I maybe not, I just kind of don't get it. But I don't see how it's possible, but apparently it is. So that's what I want to show you is just the, so if you were to do it at the, if you were at the presentation about, about Travis, yeah. You saw that they were using Travis. I don't use Travis because Circle uses Circle supports Docker and Travis does not. So I use Circle instead. And in this case what I'm testing is it's the same idea basically. I'm just testing, my test is basically building my Docker files, making sure they work. So you can run this test on every commit. And when you log into Circle CI, actually I have it here. I can see that, for example, my, this thing is actually success. And you can see what the, what the continuous integration server did to run this. So for example, building my production site, you can actually see that, you know, it grabbed the, it grabbed the base image correctly. It managed to, to deploy Drupal and so on. And there's no errors. So you can quite easily integrate this with a continuous integration server without installing any software in a continuous integration server. So your development box, your production box, your CI box, your testing box, your stage box, the only software you need on these things is CoreOS. One piece of software. And the idea, and the idea basically is, this is, this is the problem that we want to solve actually. So we have all this stuff we want to move around. And we have all kinds of different ways of moving it around, shipping and trains and so on. And it just becomes kind of a nightmare.  And it just becomes this whole nightmare, this whole matrix. And the idea of Docker is really to, to kind of do what the shipping industry did, was to kind of invent this kind of container, really. It's really like a shipping container. And you put all this stuff in the shipping container. And the people who are moving this stuff around don't need to know what's inside them. CoreOS doesn't need to know what's inside your containers. It manages containers. When you're inside a container, you don't need to know who's moving you around. You just know that you're inside a container and they're always the same. So that, that kind of level of abstraction is extremely powerful, right? So I'll just finish this. So that's it for my demos. You know, Docker doesn't work on Mac or Windows. Okay, fine. But CoreOS is such a tiny OS that you can just install it with Vagrant, super easily, and it just works. So forget Mac or Windows, just work on CoreOS. Docker runs under root, like I said, it's a security issue, but you have, you have Rocket being developed. And you know, this, this, it's a good idea to start working with Docker now and when Rocket comes out, probably switch then.  It's just really a big pain. And after,


Commerce allowed me to go a bit deeper or more macroscopically, further away, to gain a bigger respect. Last week you will recall we had a long discussion, the good one, of competing identities and in that context I argued that it is unacceptable to compare and to contrast the suffering of different oppressed communities. I said that no one can tell a trans person that the terror they feel in this society is worse or better than an Amazon warehouse workers exhaustion, alienation and poverty. The same principles must surely apply to different types of discrimination that involve gross violence. So the point I'm making for instance is that it is senseless, unnecessary and offensive to compare the suffering of a tootsie victim in the Rwanda genocide to that of an Armenian victim during the Armenian genocide and so on.  However, this is a personal view. I truly believe that there is one historic persecution that stands above all else. Not because its victims are more worthy, or that may have necessarily suffered more than others, I am not into making these comparisons. But because of its nature. And that is antisemitism in general, and the Holocaust in particular, what makes the Holocaust exceptional from where I'm standing. Exceptional and unique is that the Nazis approached the Jews with a mindset of a stamp collector. Like a stamp collector that will never rest until he has, usually he but not always, every single stamp of every single collection ever printed by any post office. The same thing applied. You know, they came to Thessaloniki here in Greece, they went to Bordeaux, they went to Italy, and they had a complete list of every Jewish person and they needed to collect them all and execute them. This has never happened before in human history. The Turkish authorities undoubtedly immediately after the First World War committed genocide against the Armenians. The French army did a similar criminal acts in Algeria, the Hutu in Rwanda. But in all those cases, there was no plan to kill every single living and breathing Armenian, Algerian, Tutsi, Greek, whatever, on the planet. And to do so calmly, efficiently at an industrial scale. Of course, the exterminated alongside with the Jews, the Roma, leftists, the disabled, Slavs and so on, people that they also consider winter mentioned. But let's be clear, the infrastructure for the Holocaust was created for the Jews. And then it was useful to other people as well. So it is perfectly possible, I believe, you know, I think I was winning my right to say that, yes, we do not compare suffering between different people. But yes, again, we can unequivocally say that the Holocaust was exceptional and unique in the whole history of human in humanity. And thus that antisemitism, which was the ideological driving force behind that Holocaust is a cut above all other forms of racism. That's my personal view. Now, we can see that too in the fact that it's so easily easy to infect people with anti with antisemitism, people who are not generally racist in other respects. I remember one as a young person watching Sergei Eisenstein's The Strike. Do you remember the movie? There is a scene where there's a fiery speech amongst trade unionists by a trade union leader against the bankers who are sacking people and communities dry. You know, I'm sure you have seen the scene. And Eisenstein, you know, being a good lefty progressive, the director has one of the members of the audience, a man jumping up and say, hey, the Jews.  And one of the union members says the Jews set up our trade union. Indeed, the trade unions in Greece and indeed the communist party was set up by Jews of the Salamiki by the way. I'm setting that aside. Anti-semitism is deeply ingrained across Europe, across the different political movements. And therefore we need to consider it, not just as a form of racism, but as a very special kind of racism. I've used up my five minutes, but just give me a bit more because I only made half of my point. Anti-semitism is an exceptional form of racism. Not just because of the calculus of the suffering, but because the Jews are the only people to have been despised, both for being capitalists and bankers, and for being revolutionaries and workers and trade unionists. Okay, that's half my point. The other half is that, you know, commerce as a Greek patriot, as a patriot and an internationalist at the same time. I've made it the role of my life, you know, I've spent all my life charging the Greek state with authoritarianism and institutionalized racism. I cannot therefore accept the criticism that it is in any way anti-semitic to criticize Israel. I mean, let's think about it. Criticism of Israel is and can never be a criticism of the Jews when the remarkable people like, you know, my heroes, personal heroes, Hanat and Albert Einstein questioned the very idea of a Jewish state in Palestine, because they thought, and I think quite rightly so, in a sense, even though I don't have a definitive view on this, that to talk about the Jewish state in Palestine, you need to create apartheid. Because what do you do with the Arabs? Unless you simply create genocide and ethnic cleansing, it wasn't for all. Speaking of apartheid, apartheid is another unique crime against a people. It has been practiced nowhere except in South Africa and now in Israel. And I say this in the full knowledge of the charge that I am laying. apartheid is not simply ethnic cleansing, it's not simply getting rid of people in order to take their land. It is to use architecture, town planning, education policy, the army, the police, the universities, every vestige of power and state authority in order to create bantustans in which you put a population that you use as day laborers. You deny them all rights. You deny them anything except a quasi autonomy, the purpose of which is so that you don't have to deal with them. You don't need to vaccinate them. You don't need to provide health education and so on. This is a civil rights issue. And it's only in South Africa and now in Israel that this state of apartheid has been created by the state of Israel. Now we have a duty to reject the view that speaking of apartheid, of the apartheid that Israel is building in the land of Palestine is anti-Semitic. We have a duty to reject the view that speaking of apartheid in the land of Palestine is anti-Semitic. I remember when I was in Israel some years ago, and I visited the occupied territories as well, I was accompanied by Israeli comrades from B'tzelem, the wonderful organization that is keeping the flag flying of anti-racism and of solidarity amongst all the people in the region across our planet. Those Jewish comrades of mine of ours in B'tzelem were taking enormous risks with their lives to fight for everyone. They call the policies of Israel apartheid policies. So I have a duty to defend our Israeli comrades from those undermining them by claiming that speaking of apartheid as an Israeli state policy is somehow anti-Semitic. Personally, I think that the last three decades since the Oslo Accords have been a complete catastrophe. Our party and me personally, I tabled a question to the Prime Minister in the Greek Parliament asking the question, when is Greece going to recognize the state of Palestine like Sweden has? But comrades deep down in my heart, I tend to agree with Edward Said, the great scholar, that maybe it's too late for it to state solution. I don't know, I don't have formed views on that, but maybe now we can only look forward to a unified homogeneous state where Israelis and Palestinians, Arabs and Jews can live side by side. It seems to me that this civil rights line is the right one to take now, but I'm not sure. So to conclude and so sorry for overrunning my plan, but this is very, very close to my heart. Speaking of my heart, I'm carrying in my heart the start of David, because I know that Jews around the world are threatened by anti-Semitism. But at the same time, I adore myself with the Palestinian flag as a symbol of solidarity to people living in an apartheid state built by reactionary Israelis, damaging my Jewish and other brothers and sisters, and stoking the fires of racism. The fires of racism, which ironically always ensure that the worst kind of racism is forged, which is of course anti-Semitism. Thank you.


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we will discuss the question which says that Suzanne has 4 cups of choco chips. She needs 1 and 2 by 3 cups of choco chips for cake and 1 and 3 by 4 cups of choco chips for chocolate moves. How much choco chips will be left? Now let us start with the solution of the given question. Now it is given that Suzanne has 4 cups of choco chips. She needs 1 and 2 by 3 cups of choco chips for cake and 1 and 3 by 4 cups of choco chips for chocolate moves. So let us find the total amount of choco chips needed by Suzanne. So the total amount of choco chips needed by Suzanne is equal to 1 and 2 by 3 cups of choco chips for cake plus 1 and 3 by 4 cups of choco chips for chocolate moves. Which is equal to 1 and 2 by 3 plus 1 and 3 by 4. Now let us convert these mixed fractions into improper fractions. So this is equal to 3 into 1 which is 3 plus 2 that is 5. So this will be 5 by 3 plus here it will be 7 by 4. Now these fractions are unlike fractions. So we will convert these unlike fractions to like fractions that is the fractions with same denominators. Now here the calcium of the denominators that is the least common multiple of 3 and 4 is 3 into 4 which is equal to 12. Now to convert these fractions to like fractions we will change the denominator of both these fractions to 12. Now 3 into 4 is 12 so the fraction 5 by 3 can be written as 5 into 4 upon 3 into 4 which is equal to 20 upon 12. And the second fraction that is 7 by 4 can be written as 7 into 3 upon 4 into 3 which is equal to 21 upon 12. So we have converted these unlike fractions into like fractions. Now 5 by 3 plus 7 by 4 will be equal to 20 by 12 plus 21 by 12 which is equal to now here in the denominator we will have 12 and in the numerator we will have 20 plus 21. So this fraction will be equal to 41 by 12 therefore Suzanne meets 41 by 12 cups of choco chips. Now in the question it is given that Suzanne has 4 cups of choco chips and it is asked that how much choco chips will be left. So the remaining amount is equal to total amount of choco chips minus needed amount of choco chips. Now the total amount of choco chips is 4 minus needed amount is 41 by 12. Now in fraction we can write 4 as 4 by 1 minus 41 by 12. Now here also we will convert these unlike fractions to like fractions as we have done earlier. Now here the LCM of the denominators that is the LCM of 1 and 12 is 1 into 12 which is equal to 12. So the fraction 4 upon 1 can be written as 4 into 12 upon 1 into 12 which is equal to 48 upon 12 are like fractions that is these fractions have the same denominators. So now 4 upon 1 minus 41 upon 12 will be equal to 48 upon 12 minus 41 upon 12. Further this is equal to now in the denominator we will have 12 and in the numerator we will have 48 minus 41 which is equal to 7 by 12. Therefore 7 by 12 cups of choco chips are left. This is the solution of the given question and that's all for this session. Hope you all have enjoyed this session.