Welcome to George H. Smith's Excursions into Libertarian Thought, a production of Libertarianism.org and the Cato Institute. I'm your host, Terence West. Herbert Spencer, Henry George, and the Land Question, Part 1 by George H. Smith. Smith discusses Henry George's allegation that Spencer's later views on land ownership were intellectually dishonest. The Englishman, Herbert Spencer, 1820-1903, was involved in many controversies through his life, but none disturbed him more than the allegations of American Henry George, 1839-1897, that he sold out to British-landed interests by repudiating his early opposition to the private ownership of land, a position he had passionately defended in chapter 9 of his first book, Social Statics, although the first edition by John Chapman bears the year 1851, Social Statics was actually published in December 1850. In 1892, George published a book of over 300 pages, a perplexed philosopher that attacked Spencer personally. Spencer's later views on land ownership, according to George, were not simply wrong, they were intellectually dishonest. Spencer was guilty of nothing less than intellectual prostitution. The personal insults that recurred throughout a perplexed philosopher were not written rashly, in the white heat of anger. Shortly before his book was published, George wrote to a friend on April 18th of 1892. In turning his back on all he has said before, Mr. Spencer has not argued, and no explanation is possible that does not impute motives. George did not believe it was possible to explain Spencer's change of views on the land question, except by attributing to him disingenuous motives. George reached this conclusion not because of Spencer's later views per se, but because of how Spencer defended those views. As George argued in a perplexed philosopher, if Spencer eventually came to believe that the private ownership of land is justifiable, that is indeed consistent with his law of equal freedom, then he should have said so plainly in a straightforward manner. Spencer could have said, for example, that he was young and foolish when he asserted that, quote, Spencer, equity does not permit property in land, and that the right of mankind to the earth's surface is still valid, all deeds, customs, and laws notwithstanding. But this is not how Spencer explained his change of position. According to George, instead of manfully defending the truth he had uttered, or straightforwardly recanting it, Mr. Spencer sought to shelter himself behind ifs and buts, perhaps, and it maybes. Thus it was Spencer's supposedly devious methods of defending his later views on the land question that so infuriated Henry George and caused him to impugn Spencer's motives. Herbert Spencer, who prided himself on his intellectual integrity, was deeply offended by George's personal attacks. In Reflections, the last part of an autobiography, Spencer recalled George's allegations. In my first work, Social Statics, it was contended that the alienation of the land from the people at large is inequitable, and that there should be a restoration of it to the state, or incorporated community, after making due compensation to existing landowners. In later years I concluded that a resumption on such terms would be a losing transaction, and that individual ownership under state suzerainty ought to continue. In his Progress in Poverty, Mr. Henry George, quoting the conclusion drawn in Social Statics, made it a part basis for his arguments. And when my changed belief was made public, his indignation was great. I resulted after some years a work by him entitled A Perplexed Philosopher, in which he devoted 300 odd pages to denunciation, not only of my views, but of my motives, and assailed me as a traitor to the cause of the people. He alleged that my change of opinion must have resulted from a wish to ingratiate myself with the landed and ruling classes. Lying to me Browning's lines in The Lost Leader, just for a handful of silver he left us, just for a ribbon to stick in his coat. Although Spencer responded in detail to many of his critics, he usually ignored personal attacks. But it was difficult to ignore Henry George, a San Francisco journalist who had achieved international fame with Progress in Poverty in 1879, a book that quoted Social Statics numerous times in the course of building a case against the private ownership of a land. The fact that many reviewers of A Perplexed Philosopher accepted George's claims at face value troubled Spencer, who believed that George had misrepresented his views both early and late on the land question, quoting again from Spencer's Reflections. Mr. George's book, circulated in the United States and in England, reviewed in various journals which have accepted its statements, and many have quoted its denunciations, apparently supposing that there was ground for them. Even the Times cites, without any condemnation of it, Mr. George's charge that I have, quote, abandoned the necessary inferences from motives less abstract and considerably less creditable than those found on sound logic and the truth of things. January 12, 1893. The influence of George's criticisms may be seen in the Encyclopedia of Social Reform, Boston, 1897. In the article on Herbert Spencer, we find this misleading analysis. Mr. Spencer has advocated his views with such power that he is sometimes called the philosopher of the century. But his influence is today distinctly waning in university circles. While his later utterances in Justice, i.e. Part IV of the Principles of Ethics, disowning his former position in social statics that equity does not allow private property and land as much hurt his influence among the masses. His present view is that though absolute equity does not allow private property and land, to nationalize land without compensation would be wrong, since society has allowed private ownership and that with compensation to nationalize land would do no good. In his social statics, however, he asked how long it took a wrong to grow into a right. In subsequent parts of this series, I will explore and criticize Spencer's arguments against the private ownership of land, as well as his reasons for retreating from some of the conclusions presented in social statics. For the remainder of this installment, I will provide additional background on the controversy between Spencer and George. Before proceeding, however, I wish to make it clear that I regard George's personal allegations as wholly unjustified. But this is only part of the story. If George failed to understand Spencer's position on the land question, he was far from the only reader to do so. As I discussed in an earlier Excursions podcast, Spencer's insistence that the political principles defended in social statics were meant to apply only to morally perfect people at the highest stage of social evolution, an idea that he later expressed in terms of absolute versus relative ethics could easily cause immense confusion in readers. This was especially liable to happen when Spencer railed against injustices, including, in his opinion, the private ownership of land, with such passion as to suggest that immediate action should be taken. The views of Henry George inspired the formation of land reformation leagues in England, Ireland, America, Australia, Canada, and elsewhere. And given the enormous influence of Herbert Spencer, it became common practice for these organizations to reprint in pamphlet form chapter nine of social statics, the rights to use of the earth, as a key argument for either the outright nationalization of land, as Spencer recommended, or for a single tax on land, as George recommended. Unfortunately, Spencer's defense of land nationalization, when considered in isolation from the crucial qualification found earlier in social statics, regarding the restriction of his principles to a morally perfect society, could easily give the impression that Spencer was more radical than he actually was. Henry George found this out, much to his dismay, when he met Spencer during a visit to London in March 1882. After riding a track defending the Irish National Land League, the Irish Land Question 1881, George attended a London gathering of notables that included Alfred Tennyson and Robert Browning. George, to his regret, did not get a chance to talk to either of these men, but he was introduced to Spencer. This opportunity gave George real pleasure, according to his son and biographer Henry George Jr., the life of Henry George 1900. George believed that Spencer was, quote, immovably against the institution of private property and land, so he expected to find a man who, like himself, saw in the agrarian struggle in Ireland the raising of the question of land ownership and fundamental economic principles. But George quickly became disillusioned when Spencer asked his opinion of the Irish landleaders who had recently been imprisoned after organizing resistance to evictions and calling for a rent strike. After George expressed his support for the protesters, Spencer burst into vehement dissent. George's son continued the story. They, said Spencer, meaning the imprisoned landleaders, have got only what they deserve. They are inciting the people to refuse to pay to their landlords what is rightfully theirs, rent. This speech and the manner of its delivery so differed from what was expected of the man who in social statics wrote, equity does not permit property in land that Mr. George was first astonished and then disgusted at this flat denial of principle. It is evident that we cannot agree on this matter, which was all he could say. And he abruptly left Mr. Spencer. The meeting had proved a deep disappointment. Shortly after this meeting George wrote to a friend, discount Herbert Spencer. He is most horribly conceded and I don't believe many great men are. Spencer had failed to meet George's expectations after which George's former intellectual hero became fair game. In the years 1883 reacting to Spencer's explanation in the St. James Gazette of how and why he had changed his opinion on the land question, George privately speculated that Spencer was quote, going insane from vanity. Nine years later in a perplexed philosopher, George continued his psychoanalysis of Spencer but this time he did it publicly. This has been Excursions into Libertarian Thought, a production of Libertarianism.org and the Cato Institute. To learn more about Libertarian philosophy and history, visit www.libertarianism.org. I'm Terence West. Thanks for listening.


Here in this lecture we are looking at the moment generating function of the multivariate normal distribution. In univariate we have seen the moment generating function. The moment is basically what you have. First moment about mean which is equals to zero. Second moment about mean which is equals to variance. So here we are generating a function. Moment generating function of multivariate normal. What do you have in this? By definition the moment generating function of a random vector is defined as this. This is the moment generating function. By definition we have this moment generating function. In univariate you know expected value of first moment we have to take. First order which is equals to zero. Second we have order which is equals to variance. So you better take a moment to make a function and according to that we generate its moments. fm of x t this is the moment generating function. By definition which is equals to expected value on average exponential t prime x. Where t is the every real number. If x follows the multivariate normal distribution with mean vector mu and variance covariance matrix sigma. Now the f of x this is the density function of the multivariate normal distribution. Here is the transformed linear transformation y which is equals to c inverse x minus mu. Further we know that tc prime which is equals to sigma. Now the expected value of y t inverse expected value of x minus mu which is equals to zero. Because we know the expected value of x which is equals to mu mu minus mu zero. Variance of x variance of y transformed variance of y c inverse expected value of x minus mu x minus mu prime. Covariance t prime c inverse transpose which is equals to identity. How the identity happened? That this value you have is equal to tc prime. Its t inverse t inverse prime finally cancel out and we have the answer identity. Because you know this is equals to sigma and sigma is equal to ct prime. So here if we take c transpose. So the answer we have variance of y identity. So the transformed variable which is follows the multivariate standard multivariate normal distribution. With mean vector zero and the variance covariance matrix identity. This is the f of x. In general this is the f of x. When we take transformation we have f of y cake. Transformed period. So the moment generating function expected value of exponential t prime x. Where x which is equals to this one. We have entered the value of x here. Then we have to simplify it. t prime multiplied t prime mu multiplied. Further we have this constant term. We have taken it from expected value. Then expected value applied to random variable. This is the random variable. Further what you have here. See what we have done here. Transpose applied. When we have applied transpose here. So c transpose t transpose. When I will open it. So t will come first and c will come later. So we have rearranged it here. E of t mu. This is the expected value of this. And this factor. Because it is transformed variable. So what we have here. C prime t. So this is the moment generating function of the transformed t prime t. This is the moment generating function of x. Now further we have to do this. This is the answer. This is the one. Now the expected value of e c prime t. Transpose into y. Integral minus infinity to this. Because you have expected value. So you have integral. This function. Into f of y. f of y. Previous time. Given this is f of z. This is f of y. Transformed. Now f of y. We have entered its value. We have entered the value of f of y. Then we are solving it further. This is constant. Now we have entered the value of integral. This is exponential. You know that two exponentials are multiplying. So we are writing it in one exponential. So first value we have taken. Minus 1 by 2. y prime y. You have taken this as lcm. Minus 2 is multiplied here. Minus 2 c prime t prime. Into y. Into y. Into y. Now further what we have done in this. Further we have subtracted. Into exponential. C prime t. Transpose. C prime t. Add and subtract. Into exponential we have subtracted this value. Add and subtract. From this we have subtraction. We have already written it. This factor as it is. It is coming. Exponential of this value. This is value. Minus. Plus. This factor came out to us. 1 by 2 as it is. Now the exponential of the remaining terms have come here. Now we have seen these remaining terms. We have done it here. y prime y is sum of yi squared. Minus 2 is its transpose. This value has come to us. आग आग आख आग और हैं। आब ये पीटान्ottiplai ज़हगग लेएग frequently � funktioniert मिदे नीं समचटायन । इस या लाशन क्णदो चtailsाइcks । आख एस चिलके这个talk of  अदिद्ळिज क суछ सबरते कि इसकी हो आपरकण आग रेô अदि� Lu । अदिओ । जल्के किसका holescare है? yi minus cet holescare के einprudh. फर्टल � ave लिक स्टाम को फोल्सक्यर में बनाना अ तर लो तर हमने होल्सक्यर की फोंडे लेए. नoung yi minus cet equals to zi, अब हम करने है.  किसelled ये function कीpread है Document कीवाल � iss के� dispositedunge केवाल होग़ेगी kyi किस aquele कécole तो जवाल था. सivas风 appel दिल। करिक बचा जंवार%. अँा आमारे पास आज़े ने. तो यो पी बाट च्विप येश मेनप़, ये पोजिटटनग में खैन्सलाउत होके, देमेने जा आगे. आई अप आप आमान, अप याई नेटग प्रुम्च्चचन, which is is equal to e kee power t prime mu into expected value of this one, expected value this. now expected value of exponential again is one of t prime mu which is equal to this now we are rearranging this so we simplify this to simplify it so that c and c prime are equal to sigma so we give c and c prime to sigma equal to sigma from now let's say what happened to us एक問],, मगटर्य पाक ल थीば tallest school grant function किके खत साआदिन से पड़ Lau IRS यह तम पंझादी कोग़ेम. यह आप मगदा llevों इस उस जबी आड़ा ओ़ी आप यह मुमन काचा हँन ती मोग किया आती della मुमन ज़निए रँन ज़�孩子 और ती के को छिप हैएा. वाअउ ज़ेट ब्यान प्यादा वान्ते ओजो जो आन्सर आपके बास आन्गाट है, वो मेंग की यवाउस देरएं। of T, Awak ke paaz first movement aa raiy hum? welding first movement ki value ajaò寂 ki? and ye T prime T here pe aap ke paaz T prime 2, T mean square formation aa raiy hum? jo T ki coefficient square formation aa raiy hum? wo variance ki value dehi. to ittne ministry자가 mean of variance nikālay aur uski Ti badi calculation kerh hai, so Moon and Generatings se ab simply Mean and Variance iss ki movements everything, usko generate kr sakto, multi variance nanmal mein.


Hey guys it's Nate aka The Foot Account and welcome back to the channel. We don't have any new news about team in the season or what is even coming tomorrow on Friday in FC24 but the absence of news actually confirms something. I want to talk about that in today's video and look forward to a promo we saw last year just before the start of team in the season but also we're going to ask the question will it even happen. A lot of looking back to last year in today's video and projecting how that might look in this year's game as we're getting eerily close but we're not quite yet near team of the season so if you're excited for team in the season the hype is building guys I'm getting excited I'm very hype for it drop a thumbs up on the video and of course subscribe to the channel for the daily uploads to get us ready for team in the season and it take us all the way through it now yesterday it was a quiet day let's talk about that first Wednesday content there were a couple very interesting things one thing we did not expect to see about one aspect of this game that we look forward to weekly we do as a talk about that but first let's go to the SPC section where we had yet again another moments SPC and it is once again a PowerShop plus play style player right it goes along with the go lasso promo PowerShop plus jockey plus Joe Scali USA vibes here I'm liking this SPC five star weak foot three star skills high work rates you know it's a cheap fun card if you need these links if you like this player if you need Bundesliga links if you need USA links that's kind of what it's there for it's kind of like the same thing as Phillip billing you know and it's cheap so I have no complaints here I know most people are probably not looking for a Bundesliga right back but he's also 88 rated so you technically could put him into that unleashing potential Evo and take him to an 89 but yeah I like the prices cheap and it's a different interesting card so GGs to EA they love these PowerShop plus cards during go lasso I mean yeah it makes sense but it's kind of crazy how many cards recently have had PowerShop plus now that was the only SPC that we had yesterday it was when I say a quiet day it was a pretty quiet day yesterday we did have some fantasy upgrades though that we were expecting I don't know how many of you guys did the fantasy FC SPC for to the bow but he actually looks after this last upgrade a lot more usable than I expected him to be I know Bajorno got all the hype as a fantasy FC center back but this Tony bow actually looks pretty nice to 89 rated with 89 pace 90 defending and 89 physicality that's a really solid card so GGs if you did that he ended up being a pretty nice card the most hyped card yesterday from upgrades was definitely this Ramirez 92 overall Ramirez 93 pace 91 defending and 90 physical four star four star high high work rates really really saucy looking card but once again I know his price isn't even down that much I do think that he will drop over time just because there's gonna be a lot of team in the season cards coming in this game very soon especially if there's live top cards as well they're gonna take the place on the hype of some of these we also had Ricardo Carvalho some of you did that SPC he finally got upgraded yesterday as well and those were our three upgrades that we had yesterday as a part of content now there was one other thing yesterday that left us honestly surprised and it has to do with the team of the week guys yes yesterday just EA dropped some big time news on us that the current team of the week that is in this game team of the week number 30 is gonna be the final team of the week the last team of the week released on the entire game of FC 24 now this was kind of a surprise to me because I kind of forgot that it actually happened last year as well EA confirmed this team week 30 has landed it's the final team of the week of FC 24 right before team of the season last year in FIFA 23 they did the exact same thing and they stopped releasing team of the weeks because after that it's just team of the season we're into the end of the year and of course team of the week is just they know they know guys that team of the weeks don't get into our teams they're literally just used for fodder and for evos I will say that team of the weeks have been some of the craziest evoed cards this year as they're higher rated and lower rated actually and then only one playstyle plus on some of those earlier versions right team weeks have gone crazy they've also been an insane investment this year and that's what I think everybody is looking at right now as wait we're not getting team of the weeks or the next like three months on this game before the game is over four months before this game is over which is crazy to think about we're four to five months away of this game being in the FC 25 that's mad it's already April but the do we need to invest is the question that we're getting out here on team of the week cards and right away you know it seems like oh my goodness they're gonna go out of packs that means the supply is not gonna be there right we got to invest I think that's a pretty quick conclusion to come to giving that we don't know how EA since they're not putting out any more team of the weeks how are they going to keep requiring team of the weeks if they know they're not putting them out anymore are they gonna keep requiring so I really want to go and see on the next couple of days of SBCs that are released I want to see if they require team of the weeks in the same kind of consistency that they have been before one change already is that the 88 plus campaign mix upgrade that came out on Tuesday did not require a team of the week and it did the last time that was out so that's just one thing to watch out for I want to see if they keep requiring team of the weeks and what they do with this 83 plus team of the player pick I imagine they're gonna upgrade this one more time they're gonna refresh it and they'll probably refresh it and it'll be out for a long time right from team of the week 1 to 30 83 and above and it'll be out for I don't know maybe like the rest of the year or like four or five weeks who knows I think that will be still an SBC that is available in the game but it's all gonna come down to guys if they keep requiring them as commonly as they are in regular upgrade pack SBCs like the encore icon player picks right we have a requirement there the key role player pick there's a requirement inside there actually there's not just kidding they're regular I think this 86 plus one yeah you need a team of the week for that one so if they keep requiring them then maybe they could go up but also we already mentioned this you're gonna start to see EA do different things with team of the week and team of the season cards once we get into team of the season they're gonna require an SBCs team of the week or team of the season and since team of the season cards should be very very plentiful those cards will start to take the place of team of the weeks and they will be moving on the market team of the weeks still could end up being a really good investment I did a little bit of a look in last year to see where team of the week prices went later on in the year and team of the weeks last year were like 10,000 coins because they were in weakening rewards and supplied a lot more so they were just a lot cheaper than they are this year but they did go up during like June I think it was like during footies or something like that when that started that those cards started to go up in price so I mean yes it is very possible that could happen but I think we don't want to invest yet until we see how EA keep requiring them and if they somehow like when they refresh the 83 plus team a player pick so I think it's too early to decide if we're gonna invest yet I also want to see where their prices go as we get towards team of the season before investing there it seems like a very risky investment to make it right now without knowing how EA might change things going forward so pretty quiet day yesterday there was also a pack code that was released about a encore grab bag player pick that would have all promo cards up from like the beginning of the game until ultimate birthday and I don't believe that player pick was ever dropped in the store because it would include team of the years and it's not there I'm checking right now that's gonna be a coin drain for sure whenever that drops I think it's a store pack guys I think it's too good to be true as an SBC I mean it's possible to be an SBC it sounds kind of crazy if that were to be dropped there but I'm guessing that's gonna be in the store since we've seen packs similar to that released in the store earlier on this year but let's get to what we didn't see yesterday which actually confirms some more news for us about team in the season we didn't see a loading screen right now was one thing I mentioned in yesterday's video I was wanting to see if there was gonna be any confirmation of team of the season so basically with no loading screen yesterday it kind of confirms team of the season is not tomorrow which we kind of expected and now as we have a look here at these tweets have been made up from some of the leaker guys that posted these card designs the different types of cards that we are gonna have in team of the season Tots card Tots plus the Tots evolution version which is also kind of doubles for the Tots honorable mentions or you know Tots moments I mean not honorable mentions and then the live Tots cards right with the arrow which were still very much questioning what those actually mean but since there was basically nothing confirmed from a loading screen yesterday guys it makes me think what is kind of confirmed is we're gonna get some sort of filler week or filler promo kind of like if you remember last year before team of the season we had a pre team of the season warm-up series promo where it was all about save your packs do these SBCs to stack up packs for all the specific leagues of team of the season that are going to be coming so with that being said I mean that's not even 100% confirmed that we're going to have that but that's kind of what I want to prepare you guys for today because something along those lines could be very possible and there's actually some things we need to do to get prepared for that whether it's called Tots warm-up series whether it's called the pre Tots promo whatever it's called there's going to be some sort of buffer period because the one thing we know about EA guys is they always like to kind of have a quiet week before we go into something crazy right remember last year of course couple years past we've had warm-up series for team of the season warm-up series for team of the year usually before Black Friday it's even a bit of a slower week they like to kind of put the hype into what is coming with that big upcoming promo and just kind of pull the hype back on the game a bit and make you really want that promo right it kind of works I'll be honest it's making me want team in the season more now that like it's probably going to be over a week away than it being tomorrow type of situation so I want to talk about Tots warm-up it's not a hundred percent confirmed yet guys because one thing we've had this year is we never had a warm-up promo for team of the year like literally it was just the fire and ice promo if we look back at the dates you look back at the dates and it was fire and ice on the first or I was on the 12th of actually what are the dates on this yeah okay that is the 12th of January and this would have been on the 19th team of the year actually came out into packs the first time that's a seven day difference Friday to Friday so uh there was no team of the year warm-up series there might not be a team this season warm-up series this year it's just weird that we have no leaks no news no information for some sort of new promo makes me think we're gonna see something along the lines of what we did see last year with a warm-up series so I'll stop yapping let's talk about what a warm-up series could look like last year again it was all about packs you saved for a team of the year there was a daily log in there was an 83 plus upgrade but the big sbcs were these 81 times 11 sbcs and they were they were really nice guys you could do them once a day or once every couple of days you could stack these 81 times 11s and the whole point was EA would release these sbcs and then you could save them and release them during that specific week of team of the season right 81 plus La Liga upgrade 81 11 bundesliga they were they were mean for the league one since there's so few golds they did 75 plus times 11 for that one but there was a bunch of other packs out to 85 plus player pick there was an 80 was it 82 times 10 right 82 times 10 which was kind of crazy last year but this year it's like we get that every single we have an 84 times 7 or an 83 times 10 that we have seen for like the last three months on this game games it seems every single Saturday we get some sort of pack like that but these sorts of packs really really bring the hype because it's like that's a really good chance of packing team of the season cards because it's sbcs you can do beforehand and then save and it kind of just builds up the hype because it's sort of that ideology that okay it's time to save packs because there's nothing in packs right now and I'm waiting for what that next promo is team of the season to then go ahead and start opening my packs now the thing that makes me a little cautious about something like that happening with like 81 times 11s and whatnot is I don't think we have any packs in the code right now that say 81 times 11 or any sort of like league specific packs all we've had added to the code are e-figs packs 82 times 11 e-figs 85 plus e-figs and a 77 double e-figs so that to me is different because it's not league specific it is from the top five leagues right England France Italy Germany Spain that's what e-figs stands for so a top five league and I don't know if that includes the women's leagues or not either right that's a whole new question this year which we kind of mentioned in yesterday's video if you missed that video make sure you're going to check it out a lot of news and information about what's upcoming for team this season as well and there a lot of question marks all around team this season right now we're just doing our best to try to get prepared and to figure out what could be happening based off of how we know EA like to run things and how they have done things in the past so that's one thing I want to look out for is a tats warm-up series or something of that nature it might not be called tats warm-up maybe we get a load in screen today maybe we don't who even knows but the question is if they start to put out these sbcs like 81 11 Premier League 86 double upgrade or even if it's some of these that we just looked at in the pack code 82 times 11 people are going to want to do these people are going to log back onto the game who have not been playing the game for a while because these are packs that you save for team this season and kind of build the hype as you get into team of the season right what do you need for these well you're going to need some of that lower tier fodder right and that's what i want to show you last year obviously last year was a very different year this year is not the same okay we're going to talk about this but I want to show you graphs last year of 83 rated cards during the month of April when this tats warm-up series started 83s were 1200 coins when tats warm-up started they went all the way to 2000 coins as people are going crazy for these 81 times 11 sbcs and then they went down a bit had some spikes during the season look at 85s last year they were low in April they went down to like 9000 coins they went boom all the way to 13 13.5k during this warm-up series promo because of you guessed it these sbcs the 82 times 10s and all the sbcs that people were doing to save packs for team of the year now this year is a totally different ball game right and we know this because fodder is so cheap and it's so supplied and it's so everywhere on this game that it's crazy objective packs the endless exchanges and the player picks and the 84 times 7s and all that like unlimited menu grind that you have on this game it almost seems like it's not even worth investing in fodder because if even if they drop those sbcs it's like oh yeah everybody's just going to be able to get the fodder to do them guys i'll be honest this is like the perfect storm that could actually make fodder go up because also at the same time we're going to have a lot of people like i already mentioned they're going to come back to the game and say i got to get these packs and they're saving the packs too it would be different if you're starting to save packs right now for team of the season if that's something a decision that you're starting to make like you're not going to be opening as many of those packs to be crafting to get more fodder right to do sbcs to do exchanges to do the upgrade packs to get that fodder back right you're going to be saving more than most of those packs right you maybe open a couple here or there but you'll be saving most of them right for team this season so you're going to have to go and buy more players you'll run out of fodder quicker that's why i think there's a chance that fodder could go up now what rating of fodder would i suggest guys 83s and 84s i maybe 84s but i don't know man it's going to take a lot for 83s or 84s to go up i know we just looked at a graph from last year and 83s went from you know a thousand coins to 2k that's incredible movement 85s went from 9 to 13k bro 85s last year were 9k this year there are 3000 coins that is like unbelievable okay now do i think this is too cheap i do i think this is way too cheap i think 83s that are basically 3k flat could they go to 7k that seems a bit too much could they go to like 4.5 to 5k though in the next two weeks as we head into team this season and then maybe during team this season as well yeah i do think that some of this fodder can go up for sure but right now it's just still a little bit unknown so i don't know if i would make a all-in investment on an 85 or an 86 which i would prefer is what i would think is a best investment for fodder right now because those are the cards that people need more people i feel like need more 85s and 6s and 7s than you do 83s and 4s especially with those being so cheap EA is going to have to require higher rated squads to get these sbcs done for the prices that they want right like that 81 times 11 last year for the Premier League was how much was it 91,000 coins let's open up this sbc real quick it was an 83 and an 84 rated squad in the 84 rated squad you needed an inform that's another thing to can to think about is will EA keep requiring informs even though they've taken them out this one this 83 rated squad required 285s so informs could go up if they get required and they're not as supplied right with the team of the week's ending and then if there's like a minimum overall rating requirement inside of an sbc like that that is a recipe for fodder prices to go up so that's why like 85s 86 is but it's a bit of a gamble right now until we actually see maybe more packs added to the code or get a loading screen today about what in the world we're going to be getting tomorrow on Friday i would wait to invest unless you want to go big risk all-in type of investment and just full send it and then sell whenever the cards go up i do think that 85s are still very cheap 86s are still very cheap but if we don't have a big promo this weekend and if like let's say the 84 times seven goes away or let's say this team like player pick goes away for some reason they change the requirements like 85s could go down to 2k because i mean they're required in here for this um i know a lot of people are doing those so we'll have to see but i think that part of fodder could go up because it's going to be a pack safe promo for sure now again i already mentioned it but one thing that we didn't have this year is a warm-up series for team of the year we just went straight from the versus promo straight into team of the year could ea be doing that this time around but if they are what promo is going to be tomorrow or is it just going to be a re-release promo again the questions are everywhere and it's so fun to theorize and to think about what it's going to be but honestly guys we're going to be getting leaks soon we're going to be getting news and information soon that will kind of tell us all we need to know about this i just wanted to bring you some of the deets and some of the news and info of what to look forward to as we do get pretty close to team of the season with some of that information other things that they have already added to the game that could be a part of this promo as we headed to team of the season they could very easily do some of the attacker midfielder and defenders packs we only saw these during team of the year but those could be re-released for sure during this promo and then the only packs that we've seen this year added to the code i think to my knowledge that contain players from the men and the women's leagues are the premium league upgrades that we had during team of the year that all of us spammed and the packet was absolutely shocking because ea killed the pack weight for team of the year and it was terrible i think we need some more pack code to be added so watch out for those sorts of leaks if we get them we will cover them here on the channel as you would expect so the bottom line is guys we don't know 100 what friday brings but it'll most likely be a slower week of content because like we mentioned that's what ea like to do they like to pull back and then they like to full send it with that big promo kind of the big headlining promo which is this time around team of the season as we get right to it now let's talk about today the here and now what's going to happen today on a thursday thursdays are always pretty quiet right but rivals rewards spice up every thursday now after the big upgrade gosh this game mode sucks i'll be completely honest playing these games play your rivals before wednesday okay i had an okay wednesday today i think i went i had to get three wins i think i went like three and three but man it's just so sweaty it's worth it in the end because you get the rewards but it is so sweaty i just finished off my games um i am division three now so that it's not making it any easier on myself and i've been cooking here it's been nice moving up through division three for sure i'm excited for rewards today because this will be my best set of rewards yet reward upgrade what do i get here option to always take the untradables 250k is oh my gosh all i'm seeing is player picks for days 284 fives 286 twos some xp and then a whole bunch of gold fodder is going to be out there today people are taking tradable rewards as well guys so one thing like we talked about every single thursday is watch out for supply on the golasso cards that are impacts and watch out for supply on fodder i think all of those parts of the market could be dipping today especially some of the golasso cards like i think i would be really careful if i owned like a i don't know maybe a cordel buh maybe a robby kin even some of the golasso icons like desi e at one point yesterday was 420 000 coins and right now he's down to 359 wow that's a lot lower after of course he got involved in that evolution that a lot of people are putting him into so he's down a good amount again i'm looking at park g sung big bro right now big bro park g sung i think was 420 000 coins yesterday footbin has him at under 390 which is actually cap he has him at 386 looks like park g sung is still maybe right around 400k but that's really though for him that's the lowest that i've seen his card but i think that some of that might go lower today i just don't know how much it's going to rebound back up okay there you go 395 some of these are rare and some of the market actually yesterday did show signs of life like some signs of demand like ball day was 260 and that was like 315 000 coins so he is up but a lot of places on the market are still down bad so i would be very careful especially once we get more information and news about what in the world is happening tomorrow and friday and team of the season leaks information stuff like that which we will get guys we will get team of the season leaks it's just kind of like we've got started with the leaks and now we're just kind of like in a zone where we haven't heard much we're going to hear more we're going to get more information and more news it just hasn't quite happened yet so that's another thing that we're looking out for today on thursday is some more action related to that i think i'm not going to be trading as much today guys to be completely honest i have flipped a couple cards here and there um there's listing cards up for lazies i'm just trying to like not lose coins right now because it seems like the market is such in a mudded state that it's a lot easier to lose coins than it is to make if i'm being completely honest unless you're timing your flips perfectly and i'm sure some of you guys are doing that and that you are but for me it's just i'm i might stay back a little bit for right now before things simmer out a little bit today thursday as well marky matchups right that's an sbc we always see on thursdays there's no surprises there and we still i'm not seeing nakata i'll shot that out one last time the nakata sbc if it's going to drop today would be the last day for it so watch out for that and there might not be anything else guys it might be just a good day to get those champs qualifier names in um hit some more daily gold upgrades hit the daily gold bronze and silver get your club stocked hit some player picks if you want to craft i think one thing for me that's motivating me to grind the menus right now is i'm trying to get as much progress on miaham right now as i can because i know that once we get to team of the season my demand and the stuff i'm going to want to do in craft is going to change so i'm trying to get as much progress in this miaham right now as i can before there's a whole bunch of other new sbcs and stuff on this game that is like pulling me to that instead of this because i will very easily forget this if i don't finish crafting so we're halfway on miaham eight of 16 could be 10 of 16 if i do the bronze and silver i've got an 89 389s 388s left to do the bronze and silver and we will be done with miaham so got a middle middle road of sbcs left to do there but we will keep crafting that we will keep lazy listing as i just got a sale here on a up mccano we're still getting sales the market's tough but it is workable and i think we will probably be near like a low point like the lowest of the low points on a lot of things on the market once we get an official team in the season loading screen and stuff like that but even like look at cold air that's up 20k he's up in price charlton is up in price a little bit it looks like some of your panic that we had earlier on in the week has kind of subsided so maybe that actually is an opportunity to be trading investing a little bit in the market right now just be careful because there still could be more panic to come but we're watching out for more leaks news information on anything related to the team of the season today guys i'm really excited for it and hope we get something big so if you guys enjoyed this video today and if you're getting excited for team this season just as well as me drop a thumbs up on it comment below if you have any questions and subscribe if you're new i will see you guys in a twitch stream today that link is down below in the description catch you guys there peace out


This is by Sheena. She says you had highlighted the importance of thinking out of box. What kind of research should be done for making out of box ideas successful in a case where there are no previous presidents? Well, thinking out of the box is what? Thinking innovatively. One must think deep. One must think hard. You will get newer ideas. That's why, you know, I gave you the example of Shri Parasaran. 50 different constitutions. Once he completes it, no, he leaves it. He takes the next one, looks at the article. Every time you look at the article, article 19, let me give you an illustration. Article 19, sorry, article 14 is discrimination. If you look at the judgments, article 14 merely says that one person will not be discriminated against the other person or the state will not discriminate between two different, I mean, two persons who are equally stationary. Supreme Court dilated on that. If you remember, it said arbitrariness is a part of article 14. Unreasonableness is a part of article 14. This is again thinking out of the box. Why? This was done to ensure that sucker is given to a litigant. Many a times, the judges also think out of box. After all, if you look at the judgments, there are innovations. There are leapfrogging of the thinking process, which is evident when a brilliant judge is there as against a state judge. So this is what you must do. This thinking out of box is something which you'll have to adopt and evolve. It is only by practice that you will start imbubing that process or that character. I'm sure if one thinks deeply, one would be able to think out of the box. After all, when clients come, they'll have different things. They'll have different problems. Now when you want to reach Delhi, you can reach Delhi through Nagpur. You can reach Delhi through Bombay. You can reach Delhi to Calcutta. If you think that there are certain hurdles by going straight to Delhi, you can go via Calcutta. Thinking out of box is that trying to be more innovative. After all, innovation is a part of every lawyer's life. When you have a formidable opponent against you, you always think and think as to how to beat him out. After all, I've always said this also. It's like a chess game. When you have litigation, it's like a chess game. How do you play chess? You always think and you think at least five or six moves ahead. How do you do that? Again, thinking out of boxes needed. These are things in which once you evolve, you adopt this methodology. You become a past master in it.


The last section, I think the last one is the hardest because it's sort of mathematical. There are problems involved. You have to apply your understanding of Punnett squares and two traits like dihybrid crosses, super complicated math, but mathematical nonetheless. So if you can get through all the bookkeeping and all the pieces to keep track of, for the most part, you can figure it out. This section, this section deals with two concepts that muddy up the phenotypes we see. So I don't even know how to say this. They both relate to muddy phenotype, genotype relationships. That says relationships. Oh, we can do this. All right. I probably, oh man, let's see how we're gonna describe it. Let's do definitions first. Penetrance is a measure of expression of a trait. So it's the measure of here's the genotype and this is the phenotype that is expressed as a result of this genotype. Whereas expressivity is a measure of variation what in trait expression. Honestly, we are gonna have to do some heavy duty, brainstorming, sharing. How are you gonna remember the difference between these two? Penetrance can actually be a number because the range of penetrance is if you have this genotype and there is 50% penetrance, then you have a 50% chance of expressing the expected phenotype. Okay, if that doesn't blow up the whole system for you, this is the thing that where all of our planning and all of our what are the expected gametes that you would produce and what are the phenotypes and what's the genotype related to this and how many babies are we gonna get? This is the piece that says, well, you can have that genotype and not express the expected phenotype. So 50, oh geez, 50% penetrance means that only 50% show the expected phenotype and some of them just randomly don't show it. Expressivity, you have a genotype that causes a phenotype, but sometimes the phenotype is like really big and sometimes the phenotype is really small. It's still the same phenotype, but there is great variation in expression. And then, I mean, is it a new trait? How do you know if this is a whole new trait? I'm gonna show you a picture. This came from a video and I'll try to find the link to the video.  Not everybody expresses mouse ears, do you see that? But they are, that's the trait that we're looking at. Now, let's look down here. You can have narrow expressivity, which means that there's no variation. There's very little variation in expression. And look at the mouse ears in all of these situations. There's no variation. If you have mouse ears, you have big old mouse ears. Awesome, it's narrow expressivity for that trait. But check out broad expressivity. We have big mouse ears, little mouse ears, medium mouse ears, bigger mouse ears. Everybody's expressing, everybody who is expressing mouse ears is expressing them, but there's a lot of variation. That's expressivity. Penetrance is the top line. Look, we have either incomplete or complete penetrance. And you can imagine we have a big old range with complete penetrance. Every single person in this situation has mouse ears. Complete penetrance. If you have the mouse ear genotype, you're gonna express it. You could have broad expressivity and lots of variation or narrow expressivity, not very much variation, but everybody has it because you have complete penetrance. However, you could have incomplete penetrance, in which case you have these home kids. How'd they make it out without the mouse ears? They have the genotype, but they don't have the phenotype. Why? Because the trait is incompletely penetrable. The trait has incomplete penetrance. Incomplete penetrance, if you get the mouse ears, you're all gonna look the same because it has narrow expressivity. I really like this chart. We should make our own charts like this to show, to illustrate this concept because once you have your chart, you can go like, okay, okay, I can solve problems with this. I can answer questions about this. I understand the concept, but pulling it out of your head, I think it's super complicated. Okay, we can do it.


What happened to you or Stephen Bartlett and to view you pulled it down why? ask him I Think that he was you know, cuz I just done that interview two weeks before and then it was And I like the guy, you know I mean and I was I was happy to be on it and all that and then he pulled it down My but my belief actually is that the BBC told him to do it Not that it's any of their business, but this is the kind of level of of Cancellation that people were really trying to put on me It's like they were telling people that had their own private things to just take shit down You know BAFTA was deleting my pictures off their website and and taking my links. They're like it's just discreet It's like oh the smelly kid at school the smelly kid at school everyone ran away from the smelly kid at school and and No one's going well. Hold on. Why did he smell does he have parents at home? Is it there's like nobody's cared my PR company supposed to This is their job It's different the stuff like this happens. That's what PR companies afford.  This is a woman. I complained to them about six months previous. I Complained to them about her six months previous.  The whole thing is May I say yes messy


The 7th Operational Program of the UNDP Global Environment Facility Small Grants Program launched on Monday with a check presentations for the first three approved projects. We have a report on the ceremony held at the Finance Administrative Center. The Sufra Marine Management Association, SMMA, Radio Voice St. Lucia, and the St. Lucia Civil Workers Multipurpose Cooperative Society are the first recipients of the UNDP Global Environment Facility Small Grants Program, 7th Operational Phase, receiving their checks during its launch on November 9. To go towards its project to use environmental and business principles in growing and processing cassava, the Cooperative Society has received US$35,377. Radio Voice St. Lucia received US$50,000 for its project to strengthen the economic capacity of gender-based violence victims to create sustainable livelihoods. And US$42,407 went to SMMA to go toward addressing water quality issues faced in the Sufra watershed and Bay. To fund these and future projects, the Jeff Small Grants Program expects an investment of EC$6.4 million over the four-year life of the 7th Operational Program. This includes US$200,000, which is the amount of Jeff resources that a given country can access in a replenishment period, and US$1 million in core funding with a minimum co-financing of US$1.2 million. National Coordinator of Jeff S.G.P. in St. Lucia, Giles Romulus, says the sooner the island can absorb the funding with worthy projects, the more it can request. But this to happen, as our dear chair says, we need NGOs that are vibrant, that would rise and come to us for the funding, that would implement the projects on time, that would document the results so that they can have a rapid turnaround. Right now, because of the issues in the environment, the climate change and so on, there's a desperation entering the narrative now. Priorities for upscaling in St. Lucia under this operational phase of the Jeff Small Grants Program are apiculture, climate smart agriculture, organic farming, health and community-based management of areas for conservation and livelihoods. Research and innovation is the overarching agenda during this phase. Minister for Education, Innovation, Gender Relations and Sustainable Development, Honourable Dr. Gail Rigabet, anticipates a day when research and innovation will permeate all sections of society. What we are doing here is consciously, purposely, deliberately seeking to create opportunity. With this launch of the several operational program of the Jeff S.G.P. UNDP, I see a nation that facilitates demand-driven research and innovation. St. Lucia can and will become the regional leader and set the precedent in the Americas for research and innovation. The ceremony was twofold as a publication funded by Jeff S.G.P. was also launched and presented to Honourable Dr. Gail Rigabet. The book titled An Introductory Guide to Organic Fertilizers and Pesticides, Safer and Healthier Alternative for All, was prepared by the Bellevue Farmers Cooperative in the previous operational phase. Between 2012 and 2019, the Jeff Small Grants Program in St. Lucia has supported 97 projects to the tune of US $6.3 million. These projects combined employed 1,612 individuals, trained 12,000 and generated US $737,000 in income.


When it comes to the rise of internet brands in South Africa private property is most certainly one of the bigger players But how did they get to where they are today now Simon Bray CEO of private property takes us down memory lane this morning? You know to tell us a bit about their interesting history and how they do it all Simon lovely to have you back in studio man Always a pleasure. Good to me. Yeah, you know what's a lot of people log on to private property They browse the website. They find their dream homes. They buy it. They settle in they go on about their lives But I don't think a lot of people sit and think about you know, where did all come from? I mean, it's a business. It started somewhere. Take us back a little bit Now private property was actually one of the very first online marketplaces or websites of a kind in South Africa You're talking end of the 90s. It's I mean, it's the days of the cell phone that was still, you know Pull out the aerial flip down the face So this was long before digital cameras and social media networks and all the stuff that we've come So used to and private property started as a for sale by owner website So you could sell your own property on the website and then over a period of time It's really grown into a comprehensive set of property listings from across South Africa It's one, you know awards for best website and design and UX over the years And it's a it's a really Cinderella story. I mean it started with our co-founders Dream in his basement and and literally grew from there And it had franchises all over the country at one point in time and now as a nationally relevant website So very exciting history that that whole journey We blessed have had a lot of people come alongside us in that journey a lot of key stakeholders great international investors And they've really helped us grow the business into what it is today. Absolutely. So speaking about those key investors I mean that that helped build a group. I mean you guys have expanded to beyond just property at the moment Yeah, well, I mean that's the exciting story, right? We we sit on the tip of this great continent here in South Africa and the rest of Africa is going through the same sort of Exciting growth that we've seen in South Africa over the last 10 15 years So private property is actually part of the one Africa media group And that's got the largest portfolio of online marketplaces businesses anywhere in Africa The market that we serve is up to 400 million Africans. So it's a really exciting Websites in East Africa that that deal with cars and jobs Checke in Kenya and Brighton Monday in Kenya jobs in Nigeria I mean you're talking about 150 million people in Nigeria and and a really Big economy so it's it's exciting to be involved in a bigger group like that And there's a lot of opportunity to take what we've learned in South Africa and applied in those new and and exciting markets Well, there's very exciting to be able to break those borders like you guys are doing but honing in on the South African internet market I mean, how do you guys see your role in this markets? Well, obviously our role has developed over the last few years to be Specifically property related to make sure that every single new listing that comes onto the market is there Ready for you to view, you know, you can get on with your tablet or your smartphone and you can see exactly What is on the market at any time? But in order to do that, it's been about how we do that And I think the role that we've played and continue to play is this this idea of innovation So we're always looking for new ways to present these properties these listings to make it more convenient for people when they're online And that innovation journey is such an exciting one to be involved in the business, you know You're forever challenging the norm. You're looking for new ways to do things And and it's that creative energy that really drives us back at the office. Absolutely But I mean, it doesn't there's something like this doesn't just happen overnight It's there's a lot that goes into, you know, creating an advertising platform like this I mean, just take us through some of the elements. What what what really comes down? What what does it comes down to at the end of the day? No, absolutely I mean when you when people think of private property to think of the website, right? They think of thousands of listings and and it's just about how you navigate them But there's so much more beyond that. I think when people come to our offices They're just amazed to see how many people are actually sitting behind that website We've got technical teams that make sure that we can serve those millions of page views every month And the site doesn't fall over and that we can innovate those new features on a continual basis We've got a sales force across the country Calling on a state agents making sure that we've got the right relationships in place Ensuring that we've got the listings coming to the site because that's ultimately what people need to see I mean, I give you an example our call center It just in a normal run-in-the-mill day is taking 200 inquiries and trying to help solve those on on the basis With our clients and with our consumers. So it's a full-time job. There's a lot of people There's a is a great dynamic group of people that really make private property what it is Absolutely incredible to see how it's growing from where it started to where it is today on that note What would be your tip of the day? I think if we're talking not just property now But but life in general you've got to keep reinventing yourself This world is changing so rapidly that You've got to keep innovating you've got to keep looking for that next edge To stay relevant and to stay ahead of the game Simon great advice. Thank you so much Simon Bray CEO of private property this morning keep Reinventing yourself every great success story has a beginning from humble beginnings to being one of South Africa's largest online property portals Visit them www.privateproperty.co.za go out and find your dream home