Getting back to nearby stars, here's Wolf 359. It is another dim red star. In fact, it's one of the least luminous stars known. Star Trek fans might recognize Wolf 359 as the scene of a great battle between the Federation and the Borg. Melonde 21185 is another dim red star. Recent analysis indicates that it may also be accompanied by at least two orbiting planets. One was confirmed in 2017. The search for planets around other stars, called exoplanets, is a major focus these days, and research is ongoing. This Hubble image shows a white Sirius A, the brightest star in our nighttime sky. Along with its faint, white, tiny stellar companion, Sirius B. The two stars revolve around each other every 50 years. Here we have our first parallax star, 61 Cygni, again. Modern measurements placed the star at 11.36 light-years away. So Bessel's calculation of 10.4 light-years was pretty close. 61 Cygni has another claim to fame in that it was first noted to have high proper motion as early as 1792 when it got the nickname Flying Star. To add further to this uniqueness, in 1830 61 Cygni was determined to be a binary star system with two orange stars.  A recent study revealed that Altair is not spherical but is flattened at the poles due to a high rate of rotation. Vega is a bright white star and one of the most luminous stars in the sun's neighborhood. It has been extensively studied. It was the first star to be photographed by astronomers in 1850. It was the North Pole Star around 12,000 B.C. and will be so again around 13,700 A.D. This image of Fomalhaut, surrounded by a ring of debris, was taken by Hubble. The white dot in the center of the image marks the star's location. It's a bright white star, but the region around it is black because astronomers use the advanced camera capabilities to block out the star's bright glare so that a dim planet called Formahalt B could be seen. The small white box at the lower right pinpoints the planet's location. These observations offer insights into our solar system's formative years when the planets played a game of demolition derby.


I realized years ago, we didn't have a great need for online information and lectures, but in this time of the pandemic and the lockdown, Subhanallah, the Kameen Islamic Reminders became the go-to place for everything. And I realized these young people knew what they were talking about. They knew how to edit things. They knew how to present something, how to bring the most inspiring people to speak and to really get the audience. I want to be a part of that. I want to help these young people. You know, Nabi Dawood al-Islam was told by Allah Subh'anaHu Wa Ta'ala. This is a Hadith he could see. When Allah Subh'anaHu Wa Ta'ala sent Bihar al-Anwar, Allah Subh'anaHu Wa Ta'ala commands Nabi Dawood. He says, Love me and make me beloved in the eyes of my creation. So Nabi Dawood replies, My Lord, I love you. But how do I make you beloved in the eyes of your creation? Allah Subh'anaHu Wa Ta'ala replied, Inform them and get them to recollect my bounties that are with them. For if you do so, they would begin to love me. And I swear to God, Alhamdulillah, Subh'anaHu Wa Ta'ala, I'm a witness to this. That these young people are really, really working hard to make this happen. They're informing the people. They are getting the message out there, and so many hearts are being inspired. Some of the projects that they're doing, in addition to having lectures and short clips that are particularly inspiring, they're also amplifying the message of Majales through these bite-sized clips. And they're also creating short animations to present the values of Quran and the Ahlul Bayt al-Maslam. That's incredible. Animation is right now the thing to be doing. What are they also doing? They're connecting humanity with du'as and providing us with these exact words from the du'as, from the holy imams, and they're presenting them to all of us in a very palatable way. Also, they're developing apps. They're doing all sorts of amazing things. Please visit their page to find out more. All I can say is from my heart, I ask Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta'ala to bless these youth. And I wanna begin with donating myself to their cause. I want to be a part of this. I want to encourage them. They had this incredible contest that they did where they inspired parents to give edi to their children on the day of qadir.  And they had a contest to give a gift to the parents and the children that had the best letter when they gave to their children this edi. I'm thinking these young people of Thakalain Islamic reminders, they deserve an edi from us as well. They deserve a gift, especially as the days of Muharram are beginning, that they can continue to do this. And this money is not for them. This money is for this project that they started eight years ago when they were little boys riding a motorbike and visiting scholars as they would come to their city and begging them to become a part of this. They didn't ask me for money. They asked me for my lectures, Subhanallah. Today, on behalf of them, I'm appealing to all us parents, especially out there who are smiling and thinking, wow, I want that for my children. I want my son and my daughter to do this kind of thing. Well, there are our sons and daughters. And if we can encourage them today by giving them $10, consider it a small gift. Go do your work. Give them $100. Give them more and watch what they do with it. For I have seen it with my own eyes. When I suggest to them, let's do this. They go with it. And then it comes all packaged and beautiful. They all rise to the occasion. These are our sons and daughters and we need to help them. I want to remind us of this hadith of Imam Ali, peace be upon him.  For verily God, the verified has guaranteed assistance to one who assists him. Let's help this cause. Let's help the cause of God and use our resources to make this thing happen. There is a beautiful hadith by the Holy Prophet, salallahu alayhi wa sallam. This is in Bihar al Anwar that on the day of judgment, when we will be shown everything that we've done, the day of reckoning, the accounting, we will see that there will be a lot of good deeds with our name on it. Towering mountains, the Prophet describes them as, like vastly accumulated clouds. We will look at them and we'll say, Ya Allah, how can these be my good deeds when you know and I know that I haven't performed them? Then Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala will reply, the Holy Prophet says, salallahu alayhi wa sallam, this is your knowledge that you had taught and conveyed to the people. And which was acted upon after you had died. This becomes a tawabijariya. This becomes something that we convey to the people through especially videos during this pandemic when we cannot go to the imam bargas and we need to save each other. But when we have these kinds of programs for people to tap into, then we've made it easier for people to access knowledge. And the 60 maami maam jaffa sadiqa alaihi salam has said, when a person preaches something and Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala by means of it instills faith and belief into the heart of another person then in such a case, he shall forgive all the sins of both of them. The person who preached, the person who helped convey the message, the person who acted upon it. So it's a win-win situation for us and my du'as for everyone right now who is a part of the Kaleen Islamic reminders, whether they're behind the scenes, whether they're watching and passing like and just forwarding these videos or whether they're donors who are actually sending some money, whatever amount it is to help this cause. The Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has said and this is in a mustadrak al-wasa'il that the Holy Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam says that, shall I not inform you of a people who are, they're neither prophets nor marchers but on the day of judgment, they'll be seated on pulpits of light.  That's incredible that this will be a special status indeed. They will not be prophets, they will not be Shahid yet they will have this incredible position that everyone will be envious and saying what did these people do? And sure enough, people asked, Ya Rasulullah, who are these prophet of God? Who are these people who will be on such pulpits of light? They will be covered with noir. They replied, they are those who cause the people to become the beloved of God and cause him to become the beloved of the people. Allahu Akbar. With our donation today, with our encouragement send a beautiful message, send a comment or click and send money just with this click of this finger, support them, make them feel encouraged, give them some resources so they can do the work that they're doing. And inshallah, we can be a part of the thawab that they will be the ones who helped convey this message and we will be part of that too because in our little way, we did our part. I encourage you all to scroll and see the options at the bottom of this video and do whatever you can on your part to make this a successful endeavor that we see these young men and women succeed in bringing the message of the Ahlul Bayt, alayhi ma'salaam, to all of us, alayhi ma'salaamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.


Now we'll introduce some calculus through the instantaneous rate of change. The problem is that average rates of change aren't necessarily all that informative. For example, suppose I have a function that gives the height of a rock in meters t seconds after it's released. We want to find and interpret the average rate of change of h of t over the interval 0 to 2. So remember that the average rate of change is found by finding the ratio, the quotient, of the difference of the function values over the length of the interval. So we'll find our function values at 2 and at 0, and substitute these in, making sure we take care of the unit appropriately. And we get an average rate of change of 0 meters per second. So we might interpret this as meaning the height changed by an average of 0 meters every second during that 2 second interval. And so this raises a new question. If the average change in height was 0 meters per second, was the rock not moving? The problem here is that our interval is very long, and it might not capture what's really going on. And so we can try to use a shorter interval. For example, we might want to look at the average rate of change of height over the interval between 0 and 1. So we'll compute that average rate of change of height, and find that it has an average rate of change of height of 5 meters every second. Or maybe we'll take a look at the average rate of change of height over the interval between 0 and 0.1. And here we find it's 9.5 meters every second. What about the average rate of change of height over the interval between 0 and 0.01? And that'll work out to be 9.95 meters per second. Or we could even take a look at the average rate of change of height over the interval between 0 and 0.001. And that works out to be 9.995 meters every second. And we might make the following observation. As the length of the interval gets closer to 0, the average rate of change gets closer to 10 meters every second. At this point, a good question to ask yourself is, self, where have I seen this before? Now ordinarily, you have to scan through the entirety of your human existence to answer that question. But because this is coming up very early in a calculus course, you should suspect that this has something to do with some of our previously introduced concepts. And in fact, it does. Remember, our concept of a limit is that given some function and some value, the limit of our function as x approaches a is some number that our function gets close to. And it appears that this average rate of change seems to be getting close to the value of about 10 meters per second. So there's some sort of limiting process going on here. And this suggests our notion of the instantaneous rate of change. The instantaneous rate of change at x equals a is the limit of the average rate of change as the length of an interval including a goes to 0. Now, that may seem a little bit nebulous. What do we mean about an interval including a? And so here's an idea that's worth remembering. An easy way to get an interval including a is to begin or end the interval at a. So let's talk a little bit of grammar. The average rate of change is always over some interval. And we might express this in a couple of different ways. We might say from some place x equals a to some other place x equals b, or we might say something like during the interval a less than or equal to x less than or equal to b. In contrast, the instantaneous rate of change is always at a single point at x equals a when x is equal to a. And as with average rate of change, problems that seek to find the instantaneous rate of change might not use any of the words instantaneous, rate, or change. So it's important to be able to recognize when you're looking for an instantaneous rate of change without seeing any of those keywords. Let's see if we can find an instantaneous rate of change. Well, we've already collected some information about the average rate of change. And the one extra important thing to observe is that all of our intervals include zero. So if we're going to use this information to find an instantaneous rate of change, it'll tell us something about the instantaneous rate of change at t equal to zero. So let's go ahead and collect our data. The interval length is either 1 second, 0.1 second, 0.01, or 0.001 seconds. And the corresponding rates of change are 5, 9.5, 9.95, 9.995. And so we make our observation. As the interval length goes to zero, the rate of change appears to approach 10 meters per second. Finally, let's interpret our answer and figure out what it's telling us. So to interpret a rate of change, what we should do is to identify the quantity that is changing and when the rate is applicable. So in this case, the height is the thing that's changing. And since the rate of change is positive, we can say that the height is increasing. Now, when is this rate of change applicable? Well, the rate of change was computed for intervals that included t equals zero, when t is the number of seconds after the rock was thrown. So t equals zero is when the rock was thrown. And so we might interpret our finding as follows. When the rock was thrown, its height was increasing by 10 meters per second.


Step one, click on one of my videos. Step two, smash like. Step three, um, step four, profit. No, but seriously, my viewers know the rules. Before this video even begins, let's give the like button a smash. What's happening guys? So a little bit ago, I decided to audit my YouTube account and I posted a poll asking you guys what kind of videos that you want me to make. And it seemed like a lot of you wanted me to make a video about being an accounting major. And I'd also like to give a quick prayer to our accountant brothers and sisters that have probably been working 80 hours a week since January 1st. And now since the stimulus bill extended the tax season for another two or three months, they're probably going to be working even more. You guys are awesome. Keep up all the good work. Anyways, this video is going to be all about accounting. And I'm going to be talking about the salary, job satisfaction, demand and also x factors that are going to be important for this career. And right now I'm trying out this style of content just to see if you guys like it. And if the evil YouTube algorithm likes it, and I'll do a few videos like this. And if they work out, then I'll do a lot more in the future. So first of all, this is just an overview of an accounting degree and some of the stuff that you do in a job after you get an accounting degree, I'm going to go over some of the important factors. And at the end, I'm going to give it a score or a rating out of 10, but don't ever go into a career or a degree just because it has good statistics or I give it a high rating on one of these videos. Make sure that you actually have an interest in the subject. And as always, this is just my opinion, make sure you do your own research before you make any life changing decisions. Alright, so first let's talk about salary. So one of the great things about an accounting degree, which I'm going to touch on a lot more later, is the fact that it's extremely flexible, like many business degrees, there's a ton of flexibility in the direction that you can take your career. You can become an accountant or an auditor, a financial analyst, a personal financial advisor, or even a financial manager. So to put these numbers in perspective, the median annual wage for all occupations is around $38,600. And for business occupations, it's around $68,300. Accountants are also often really business savvy, and they can end up in high ranking positions in companies like CEO or vice president. On top of this, let's say you just choose one particular job. Let's say you go with accountant, for instance, there's so many different career paths that you can go down. There's a ton of different certifications you can get. There's a ton of different industries you can work in. And all of these are going to have completely different salaries. Now there are several different variations of accounting degrees. But when you start, you can expect to earn in the mid $50,000 a year range. And then after the 10 year mark, you can earn somewhere around $88,000 to $130,000 a year. And this shows that although you may start off low, there's a ton of growth and opportunity here for what you can make in the future. Overall, this one's really tough to pin down on exactly how much you can make because there's just so many different routes you can take in so many different industries that you can go into. But I'm going to give this one a score of nine. This is definitely one where you can get to six figures if that's your goal. And there's not that many four year degrees that will allow you to do that. And next, we're going to talk about something that for most people is probably even more important than pay. And that is job satisfaction. So overall, accounting can get kind of a bad rap here. Many people probably see accounting as kind of tedious and boring. And there is some truth to that. On a personal level, a girl that I went to high school with went into accounting without really looking into what the day to day tasks are.  Luckily, accounting is pretty flexible. So she was able to transition into becoming a recruiter. And she liked that job a lot more. So I'm really happy to say that that turned out well for her. But she was really pushing her luck by not researching it. There are specific types of people that might really enjoy the tedious kind of nature of bookkeeping and all that sort of thing when it comes to accounting. And I think it's important that you realize what you're getting into before you fully commit to something. And there's several ways that you can examine the job satisfaction of any specific career. First, let's look at the percentage of people that thinks that whatever job they do makes the world a better place. In other words, how meaningful is their work? And when we look at this, accounting related degrees tend to fall in the mid to low 40s. Overall, this is a bit below average, especially when you compare it to health degrees like nursing, which comes in at like 83% or other healthcare degrees, which come in in the 80s. It's also lower than other math-related degrees such as engineering. But I think it's important that we keep this in perspective because it's actually relatively decent when you compare it to other business degrees such as international business or marketing. And business careers can tend to be relatively money-oriented and you can kind of lose sight into what you originally went into the career for. But meaning is only part of the equation when it comes to job satisfaction. For instance, if your job was to play video games all day long, it would probably have relatively low meaning but relatively high job satisfaction. And this seems to be the case with accounting as it does come in at about 71% job satisfaction, which is above average. This is higher than a lot of the other career paths in business and it even comes close to being around the same as some of the engineering career paths. Now, I've talked a lot on this channel about how you need to make about $70,000 a year for your happiness to be at its highest. After $70,000 a year, it doesn't really increase all that much. So I always say 70-75,000 a year somewhere around there is what you should aim for. And accounting easily hits that $70,000 a year mark. It can even get up to over six figures a year. So overall, I'm going to go ahead and give this one a seven in job satisfaction. Next, we're going to talk about demand. Now, looking at all the career paths that I mentioned before, accountant, auditor, financial analyst, financial advisor and financial manager, you'll see that the demand is somewhere between six and seven percent, usually with an outlier of 16% for the financial manager. Now six to seven percent is above the average of five percent. So it's good, but not great. This is pretty low if you compare it to health careers like respiratory therapists, registered nurse or physician assistant, or if you compare it to tech careers like software developer. However, the good news is there is a ton of accounting jobs out there. So you likely won't have to move across the country in order to be able to get a good job. And on top of that, there's so many different paths that you can go down where there's a lot of opportunity and there's also a lot of jobs. Another thing to consider when you're thinking about demand is how essential is your job or in other words, how much does society need your job? Nearly all health careers, for instance, are extremely essential. Even if the apocalypse was happening, we would still have doctors, nurses and other healthcare professionals that would be taking care of sick and injured people. But in my opinion, accounting is a relatively essential profession as well. Businesses will always need accountants to interpret the law, balance their books and do their taxes. So in my opinion, as long as we always have a government that makes new laws, we'll also always have accountants. Now there is a small possibility that a lot of jobs could be eliminated if the government ever simplified the tax system. But in my opinion, that's a long shot. Now the next thing in this category that you want to think about is automation and outsourcing. Now according to a 2013 study by Oxford University, accountants have a 98% chance of being automated. Willrobotstakemyjob.com shows that accounting has a 94% chance of being automated and a poll on the website showed that they have a 65% chance of being automated according to the opinions of people who took the poll. And I'm not going to sugarcoat this, this is extremely high compared to a lot of other occupations. Now you guys know how biased I am against automation and specifically algorithms. In fact, one of my main hobbies, one of my main passions in life is figuring out how to make these videos in such a way where they smash the algorithm. And I honestly think some of these ratings are pretty controversial because they don't take a lot of human elements into consideration. For instance, this same paper thinks that waiters and waitresses have a 94% chance of automation, which I completely disagree with. I think one of the main reasons that people go out to restaurants is because they get that service and that human interaction. So no matter how advanced robots get, I think that people will always want to interact with other human beings. I think some of the lower level, more simple jobs like bookkeepers, yeah, sure, they're probably going to get automated or outsourced at some point. However, the laws are always changing, business is always changing and accountants are basically the humans that interpret the laws and they have what's known as finesse. And they can use this finesse in order to crunch the numbers and save you as much money as possible. And I think all jobs are going to be somewhat affected by AI and outsourcing and just streamlining of processes in general. But I still think that accounting is going to be relatively safe because usually when you solve one problem, three more problems pop up. And we will always need business savvy middlemen such as accountants in order to interpret the law and save us as much money as possible. And usually anything that involves the law moves at a snail's pace. So even if accounting does get to the point where it can be automated, it'll probably take several decades before the government even allows a machine to do it for you. Without being said, if you're thinking of going into this major, you do need to put a lot of thought into thinking about the career that you're going into and whether that's something that will be affected by automation. For instance, many accountants are supplementing their skills by learning the basics of computer programming such as Python. And if you're thinking about a particular accounting career and you think that it's something that can easily be outsourced to someone else or automated, then you probably don't want to go down that road. But overall, there's so much speculation about the future and nobody really knows for sure. But there's a fantastic 2.2% unemployment rate for accountants and that's well below basically any other field of study. Overall, there's a ton of speculation here and I could definitely see if you disagree with me on this, but I'm going to give it an 8.5%. Next, let's go ahead and talk about X factors. So I think one thing that's really amazing about business degrees in general is that you end up learning the language of money. Business degrees tend to teach you a lot about budgeting, saving, networking, investing, and leadership. And these are entrepreneurial skills that give them a very high chance of being financially successful in life. In fact, when you look up the statistics, you find that many millionaires do have business degrees. Out of all degrees, accounting is the sixth most likely to make you a millionaire and six out of the top 10 degrees that create the most millionaires are business related degrees. Now there is a counter argument to this of course, it could be that people who are financially successful tend to be attracted to degrees that have to do with business and money and it really wouldn't have mattered what degree they would have gotten, they would have been financially successful anyways. Nobody knows for sure, but what you can say for sure is that learning the basics of personal finance and money management will likely lead to you being financially successful. Accounting is also a very flexible career that could lead to you either being an entrepreneur or maybe moving into a high level position in a business. Think about it, even if you're just a small business accountant, doing the taxes for all these different types of businesses will tell you which ones are thriving and which ones are struggling. This would more or less give you insider information on which industries you should invest in or maybe which industries you should take out a business loan on and get into. I think this is one of the big reasons why you see so many millionaire accountants. Still there is that risk of automation or outsourcing and I think this is probably a little worse for accounting than a lot of the other business degrees, but overall pretty much all business degrees rank high when it comes to x factors and that's because they're so flexible in all the different options that you have. You can work in a bunch of different industries, you can go a lot of different paths whichever way you want, you're not really stuck in any one thing. So overall I'm going to give accounting a nine when it comes to x factors. So I'm going to quickly summarize the pros and the cons of going into accounting. So the pros is that it's very flexible, there's lots of opportunity, there's good pay especially later on in the career. There's a decent job outlook for the future and it's a stable career where there'll be jobs basically anywhere that you move. The cons here is that it's very tedious work, there's lots of number crunching, there's a possibility that it might be outsourced or automated in the future. The pay is a bit low compared to some of the other business degrees when you first start and there's not as much human interaction and I guess this could be a pro or a con depending on your personality. So the overall score is going to be 8.375 which is really solid. Check out my other videos right here, I made them just for you. Go ahead, smash the like button, hit the subscribe button, ring the notification bell and then comment down below any ideas that you have on the video or any other comments. Thank you so much for watching and bye for now.


Welcome to Access to Trader, the number one community for those who are committed to taking control of their trading in order to achieve success, profitability, and longevity. Thank you for joining us. Here's Dan Shapiro to help you find your edge, master your process, and own your future. Hey, guys. Good evening, everybody. Welcome to another edition of theaccessotrader.com. Monday update show. Hope everybody is doing well. Hope everybody had a great weekend. God bless you. Good night. That is the wrap up. If you traded today, if you actively looked at the market, not sure what was going on today. Okay, I tried to figure it out, maybe with some sort of weird holiday, maybe the Zimbabwe stock exchange closed early, maybe, you know, our friends at Armenia were putting money into the market. So whatever it was, the market did absolutely nothing today. If you look at the tape, there was about a 200 point gap up today in the Nasdaq. And when you look at the market, when the market gap of 200 points, all I kept on saying is there's nothing to buy. There's nothing to buy. There's literally nothing to buy. Everything stuck in the middle of the range is because when we sold off last Friday, it engulfed the previous day. So when we get back up today, it was a scenario of, well, how can you go long stocks are not even at the top of the range here. They're still stuck in the middle. And what not happened was, you know, basically an hour later, we sold off a little bit and literally for the next four or five hours, we did nothing. It was like a flat line. It looked like a patient that was about to go flat line into the afterlife. Just absolutely nothing going on. When you look at this consolidation, you turn around and say, well, this is so healthy, right? This is so good. And again, if you've watched literally anything that I've ever done, you know, you kind of know my theory. The longer stock or ETF or anything kind of sits in a range, the higher probability it's going to bust out of that range and go very, very aggressively. Well, this is already one, two, three, one, two, three, four, five, six. Tomorrow will be day seven. So we're nearly a week and a half after the NASDAQ reclaimed the 20 day moving average, the previous, not the last Friday, but the previous Friday. And that's cool at all. But the thing is, once it has the ability to actually go higher like it did this day on the reversal of the Microsoft pre announcement, the next two days it puts in an inside day and not only that, it gives the gains back. So we're sitting here, we're sitting here, we're trying to digest this information, you're saying to yourself, well, the longer it can't rally, is that a good thing or a bad thing? And here was the question I kind of asked, okay, was, and this is the funny thing about it, was today, right, was today an inside day, because the NASDAQ was up 50 points, the NASDAQ on Friday, last Friday was down 300. So my question was going to try to wrap my brain around this, was today an inside day of last Friday, always last week, an inside day of the buying that happened the previous week, we were up 6.8%. I don't care how you spin it, potato, potato, tomato, tomato, the point is, we're still stuck in this range. And when you go through your charts tonight, you'll notice the same thing. There's definitely setups, but the problem is nothing wants to confirm, not only nothing wants to confirm, I basically, this was by far, by far, I'm talking about by far, that wasn't even, not even a second place. This was by far the slowest day I've had in 2022. I put on one trade, it was a bounce off of a rising 60 minute support of Amazon, which by the way split today. It traded 134 million shares today. I said to myself, I'm going to watch this thing for the next two, three days, just to kind of get a personality of this thing, because obviously, Amazon at 125 is a lot different than Amazon at 2400. So we have to kind of digest the way it trades, find this true personality, find this real average range, and I don't expect 134 million shares being traded tomorrow on it. I think it's probably going to flat line somewhere around 30, 40 million shares, maybe 50 million shares for the day. So far, I kind of liked the way it's trading. It was trading basically within a couple of penny spread. At first, it reminded me a little bit about Apple, but then I said, it's kind of trade smoother. No matter how Apple trades, I liked the way Amazon was trading. It was trading a little smoother. For all you guys who took the bounce in Amazon, you kind of know, kind of hit the range, paused there for a second, started bouncing up with very little resistance. So that was kind of cool. You had the Apple presenting at some sort of event. They had some cool things about this edit button. Again, for all you guys who are alcoholics at three o'clock in the morning, text your ex-girlfriend, text your boyfriend, go, I love you so much. How can you leave me? You can actually edit that and you don't have to send it. You can actually take that away. So that was kind of cool. But other than that, not really a lot of movement, right? Got rejected up to a five day moving average. Everything basically that we talked about on the weekend video is still valid for tomorrow. Tesla really didn't do anything today. Nothing extraordinary. Think about this. Tesla was down 79 points on Friday. The stock was up, what, 11? Not really exactly. So this setup is still in play. The Apple setup is still in play, right? Didn't really come out with any earth shattering news except for the edit button. I still like it if it starts dropping below the 10 day moving average, squared that we talked about. It's getting tighter and tighter. I still like it if it starts confirming. So everything that we talked about basically on the weekend update is still valid for tomorrow. It's very, very rare that the market goes out of its way to do absolutely nothing. Now somebody turned around and say, well, Dan, is this summer trading? I mean, look, we're at what, June 6th? I can't imagine this is summer trading because last week was still kind of end of May, June. I don't buy it because especially the stocks that we trade, it has a majority of so much average to range. Even if you have a slower day, you'll have a range at some point. But today was just very, very odd. You had semiconductors that didn't participate on NVIDIA, nothing like again, still going sideways. You had AMD getting rejected again at the top of the channel here. Google that splits. I think soon, you know, kind of like, you know, had a nice pop, got rejected, not here nor there. So we're just kind of sitting here, right? It was just a very, very odd day. I'm hoping tomorrow we kind of get back to business, right? I don't care at this point. I don't care which way we break. Just break, right? Break. I don't care how long this even takes. But as long as we sit, and this is kind of the most important part, the longer we sit above 303, the common sense would say, look, we're going to start moving higher. Once we start breaking below 303, then we go 100% sell bias. But something has to give. Also a name like AFRM was a little bit of a victim to the Apple conference. Apple is starting their own, you know, pay later by now. Kind of like this thing for tomorrow, you know, this thing is sitting in a tight range. But then again, everything's sitting in a tight range, right? Any stock you want is sitting in a tight range. I can't really say I like this one more than that one. Something got to break, right? And that's the whole point. That's what we talk about discipline. This is what we talk about just because the markets open doesn't mean that things are tradable. Every stock moves, right? Every stock moves. It's the markets open from 9.30. The ECNs open up at 4 o'clock in the morning. Everything moves, but today nothing was absolutely tradable. For the exception of Amazon, and this is another very, very important point, which has made the day a little more otter. There was no option flow today, like zero. There was really no, nothing for the exception of Amazon. You know, they were driving the 25s, the 30s, the 36s out of the monies. But there was nothing else. I was sitting there and I go, there's no out of the money. There's no out of the money on Teslas. There's no out of the money. There was a little bit, the 200s came in from the video early, early, right at the open, but nothing after that. So it was a very, very odd day. One of those days, you turn around and go, okay, now it's over. Okay. You make your watch list for the next day. And again, there's some things I like. There's definitely some things I like. Like I said, I like a firm tomorrow. If it finally breaks down below this range, I like square tomorrow. If it breaks below this range, I like square tomorrow. If it breaks below this range, I like Tesla tomorrow, right? If it breaks below this range, you know, basically the same thing, right? Apple, if it breaks down below this range, the upside, look at the Lenar, right? You got a home builder that's getting super duper tight. Let me see what else I like here. Marvel, I like. I kind of like Marvel, but yeah, look, we don't even know which way the market's going to break tomorrow. Marvel is going tight. And check out this, check out BBBY, right? BBBY also, it gapped up, got stuck. Right now it's on its 10-day moving average. They pull the market. Let's keep an eye on this thing on the bottom of the range. But now it just becomes a waiting game, right? It's all about the game of chicken, you versus you. It's not you versus the market. It's you versus you. It's basically asking yourself, how many C, D, E, and F setups can you take?  I don't want to trade, right? And that's the point. It's not about the FOMO, the fear of missing out. It's about the JOMO, the joy of missing out. And what exactly are you missing out of today? Today, I asked people in the webinar when the market was really going sideways. I'm like, show me a symbol that you want to own today when the market was up 200 points. It was crickets. It was absolute crickets because there was not enough, there was not enough range in anything. And once the market started to sell off, they were like, OK, here comes the bottom ranges that never came. So the moral of the story is, what came first? The chicken or the egg? Nobody cares. Something confirmed. Up, down. We don't care. At this point, we are open to everything. And the most important point is, wait it out. Eventually, the volume will get very aggressive. Eventually, the option flow will come back, hopefully tomorrow. And hopefully, the ranges finally expand, whether it's the downside to the upside. But once they do, we should get some very, very aggressive moves back in that direction. So that's it, right? That's it. Sometimes, you know, it's very, very tough. When you put lipstick on a pig, it's still a pig. You can't spin this. So it's a very quiet day. And the most important part is, it's over. Now we concentrate on tomorrow. Wait patiently again for everything to confirm. And the most important part, like we say every single day, premium hands only, stay in business. Guys, God bless. Hope everybody is still awake. And I will see you all tomorrow. Take care.


OTAN, Outreach and Technical Assistance Network. Welcome to Making Materials Accessible for the EL Civics Exchange. We're glad to see you here this morning, very early. Somebody already dropped out. Okay, talking about birds too much, I think. My name is Margaret Teske. I'm with the CASAS as a program specialist. And we have with us, go ahead, Portia. I'm Portia Lafarerla, also a program specialist for CASAS. And in the background, somewhere as David Espinosa, he's a very helpful colleague at OTAN who works with the EL Civics Exchange as well. We also have Penny Pearson in the room, who retired and is somehow reappearing after retirement. I keep seeing like a bad penny. No, like a good penny. So I posted the PowerPoint in the chat. It's in a tiny URL, but it's also linked here, which is the proper way to do it when you do accessibility, okay? And there's a QR code if you would like that. Okay, today we're gonna be giving you a quick summary of the submission to the EL Civics Exchange. Sandra Watts just did that this morning if you were with her earlier. Then we're gonna talk quickly about what is 508 compliance? When we say that, what does that mean? And we're gonna talk through word and accessibility and word and then PowerPoint and accessibility and that, and then some further resources. So to start with, quick summary. Now, I don't know how many people are in the room. Can somebody tell me that? It's just me and your monitor at the moment. Okay, so I think you guys know where that is and where to go, but the link is there. I was gonna show that, but I don't need to, so cool. It's in the PowerPoint. On the exchange, it's easy to get to the begin the submission process by just clicking on the blue button, logging in or creating an account, and then login. There's a quick two-page submission info that you need to put in and upload your document. Then you'll get notification of approval or possibly needs improvement, and that's emailed to you directly. Okay, so what is 508 compliance? I'm making it very simple here because I don't wanna overwhelm people, but it's just really help for those with disabilities. And so we have to think what a visually impaired person might see or not see when they're looking at something like a Word document and a PowerPoint. So if they really are blind, they really can't see much. So they have to rely on audio, audio cues. So that's something we need to think about when we're dealing with accessibility. And they can't see the pictures. So what do they do? We'll talk about that. And then all of the submitted materials need to be licensed for sharing using creative comments. It is an attribution for non-commercial share alike. So it's called CC by NCSA. And that's the attribution that we require for submitting to the exchange. And we do that because we don't want it to be commercial materials. We can't share teacher to teacher, that kind of thing, or share for any kind of game, commercial game. But we also wanna make it so that people can reuse it and make it maybe more to what they need locally. So for instance, maybe Mount Sac has materials that include walnut, their local city or area, but they wanna use it in Sacramento. So in Sacramento, they're gonna add different hospitals, different schools that they have in that area to the EL Civics materials that are on the EL Civics exchange. And as we go through this, if you have any questions, please ask. And we'll also help you at any time with any information about this. OTAN, CASAS are very helpful in this regard, so. Margaret, would you mind going to presentation screen on your PowerPoint? It might be easier for our online folks to see it. Well, see, here's the problem. I'm using this because we're gonna be talking about how to make materials accessible using PowerPoint. So that's why I'm in this mode. But probably Portia will be going in the next slide to more of the screen mode, okay? And Portia, you're on next. So I'm gonna stop sharing. No, well, could you go back to the PowerPoint, Margaret? I'm sorry. Just go back to the PowerPoint. Okay, yes. Is that it? No. Okay, so go ahead to the next slide. Okay. So I'm gonna talk about accessibility in Word. And I'm going to use two documents, one that is not accessible and one that I edited to make accessible. And then at the end of the workshop, I will give you both of those documents and my notes so that you can go back and review and kind of play with them as your learning materials. And these are some of the common issues that we'll be dealing with.  But this is a pretty short workshop and this is already a massive amount of information.  And hopefully this video will become available. We don't know, but we're hoping it will become available. So let's see, just if you go to the next one, Margaret. Yeah. This is just how to turn on the accessibility checker, which I'm going to show you. And then if you just scroll quickly through the next slides, these are some of the things that I'm going to demonstrate and these notes are here within the PowerPoint so that you can review. And a lot of these notes come from the Microsoft Word support and there is a link to that in OTAN under their accessibility resources. So if you can just scroll, so there's alternative text and there is a link to MS Office support that you can use. They're like two minute how-to videos and they are fabulous. And between what Penny and David taught me and those videos, I'm very much self-taught except for their assistance and it is doable and it kind of gets to be fun after a bit. And this is just about useful hyperlinks and we'll talk about that within the documents and how to set tabs and make lines and creating header rows, columns, line spacing. And I think that's it. That's it. Okay, so all those are there for you. For Word, yeah. All of those are there for you and they're the issues that I'll demonstrate in these two documents now. Thank you, Margaret. Yeah and someone shared in the chat about the accessibility links for OTAN. And thank you, thank you Penny. Okay, so you should be seeing two documents side by side here and the document on this side is not an accessible document. The document on this side is an accessible document. And what I'm gonna do is walk you through this and show you how I know that. Well, I know it because I did the work. But anyway, if you go up here where it says review, you can click on this where it says check accessibility and that will open the accessibility checker for you. If I open it on this side, if you notice, I have quite a few errors. I have 17 plus 17 that must be fixed plus these warnings about checking the reading order. If I do the same thing on this side, I go to review, check accessibility, no accessibility issues are found. So that's because this is the edited document. As we go through the presentation, you can stop me at any time. I'm going to go pretty fast just because it's a short period of time that we have for this. But when I look at this document, I'm also going to use one other resource. Let me go to home again. And it's under paragraph and it's this little P and this shows formatting. So if I look at this document, you see all these little P's here? That means somebody use the enter bar to create space. And we wanna avoid doing that because a screen reader is going to read that. If I do the same thing on this side under paragraph, you have to go to home first and then paragraph. And I turn it on. I have this one little one and I just couldn't get rid of that one, but I don't have a lot of them. So that's one thing that we'll look at later. But I just wanted to show you this paragraph marking and how useful it is when you're trying to format documents. So I'm gonna turn it off right now because I don't need it. And then... Portia, when the reader is reading it, will it say like naturalization, raw sets paragraph into paragraph or does it just go to the next one? No, it will read that every time. Okay. Yeah. So there's another difference between these two documents. This document was formatted manually. So if I click around here, you notice it's just I used the font and I use font size to create all of this. But in this one, you see these little corners that appear when I click on it? These little things here. These are what are called styles. And when you format documents, you should use this in Microsoft Word. It's called styles. It's right here. And what styles will do is give the document a structure that helps the, it's a structure for the screen reader that helps the person who's listening. So all of those headers, for example, these things that are header rows at different levels, the person who's using the screen reader can scroll through those and decide what parts they want to listen to or not. And there are other functions as well. And using styles is really easy. So I don't have to retype any of this. I'm just going to turn on styles here by clicking down here. And notice that I have all of these different levels.  And now it's a header. This is actually part of that header. So I'm going to click it again. And then this part here is just body text. It's just information. Once I've done that, if I don't like what I've done, I can copy this and I can hover over styles here and I can change it. I can decide I like a different style better. Be careful of using italics, all caps and colors because those things make it harder for a screen reader. I'm going to stick with what I have here, but I think this text is too small. So I can go ahead and edit that and make it bigger. Well, that just made all of it bigger, which is fine. But I can just make this part bigger if I want to. And I can make it bold or not bold. You can edit it within the styles. The styles are sticking. They're still there. Are we okay on that part? I have another question. Okay. If you have it in bold, do they tell the, does the reader say in bold? That would be a Penny David question. Oh, no, it does not. It does not indicate font color, font stylization and bold italic or any of that. Okay, thank you. So I'm going to come up here to my errors and it says missing object description. If I click on the first one, it's this map right here, right? And the screen reader just sees that as a blank shape. It doesn't know what's in there. So the way that you fix that, if you, there are a couple of ways to get there, but I'm just going to right click and go here where it says view alt text. And I'm going to click on that. And now I have a few options. I have one option that says mark as decorative. And if I mark it as decorative, the screen reader is fine with that. That error is just going to disappear. But if this, and I would only do that if this picture isn't important to the content of the document. So maybe it's just, you know, it just looks pretty there. But if it has content that's important and that's for you to decide, I'm going to decide that this content is important. I need to give it a description. So I can click on this generate alt text for me and Microsoft Word will do that. So if I click here, it calls it a shape. I don't find that very satisfying. So I'm going to put my own text in here. I'm going to call this map of the United States. Whoops, sorry about that. And that's it. So now when I close this, that disappeared. I don't have that problem anymore. It does not appear as an error. It goes to the next one. I have one more thing that I need to do on this picture. And it is this. When you have pictures, you need to put them in line with text. They need to be marked that way. If I do a different kind of text wrapping, for example, maybe I'll do, I don't know. Maybe I'll do square. And then if I do square, I can move this up here and have the text go around the picture. You never want to do that because that's going to interrupt the screen reader. So it has to go this map of the United States will take map of the United States. You don't want to do that. So always mark your images in line with text. And once you do that, you can move the picture around. So if you, like in this one here, it's in line with text. And I can choose to put it in the center, to the left, to the right, that's up to me, but it's still in line with text. Okay, so far, just, I'm going to just keep going until somebody stops me. The next error is this one. It says doc shape group two. So there's a bunch of things here and the screen reader can't sort all of that out. I'm going to turn my paragraph marker on for this one because there's a lot of stuff going on. So one thing is just this box here. This is problematic. Gotta grab it. There it is. Sorry about that. Anyway, there is a box there that shouldn't be there. And so you want to take your text out of that. So I've done that on this side. I've removed that box. I didn't retype everything. I just copied and pasted the text here and then I formatted it. Here, again, I, this has not been formatted with styles. I formatted this with style. So I've got my heading level. And then this picture here is also a problem. So I put the picture here. I put it in line with text and I've given it alt text. So it's a picture of a Native American. I just said Native American. There are some other things going on in here with the hyperlinks. So in this one, there's this itty bitty little hyperlink here which is really hard to read. And a screen reader would read this as HTTPS colon slash slash WWW. And that's not very easy for the person to understand. So there are two ways to embed a hyperlink into, I'm sorry, to embed a URL to create a hyperlink that is readable. If I click on this, it goes to a page called Land Acknowledgement. So what I'm going to do is I'm gonna copy this URL here. I'm just gonna highlight it and copy it. And then I'm gonna highlight my text, right click, and I'm gonna paste the hyperlink. Well, actually I'm not gonna do it that way.  Okay, so what I'm doing here is I am going to insert this link here in the address box. So here is the URL and here is the text that will display. So in the text display, when I say, okay, now my link is there, I can delete this. I don't need this anymore because it's here and it makes more sense. There's another way to do that and this one doesn't always behave. If I go to edit hyperlink, I can do the same thing. Notice up here it says it has the URL. I can take out the URL and I can put in land acknowledgement. I can't spell it, but I can put it in here. And notice it looks just the same as previously. It's got the text here and the URL here. I say, okay, and now it's the same thing. It is a URL embedded within the name of where you're going. So that's two different ways to do that. And again, if I look at this hyperlink and I look at this hyperlink, if I hover, I do get that link. So it's okay for whoever's using the document. And another thing down here, they said for more information, please go to this wwwc-sum. I went to the link, this is the name of the page and I embedded the URL into the name of the page. Here it says for the image, Lusenio Nation, and then it's got this URL. I did the same thing here. I named the image and then I embedded the URL within this link and it's in there. And again, all of these things are in the documents that we're going to give to you. I have a quick question for Penny. How is that read on the screen reader? The URLs? Yeah. It reads it as a link to. So it would say link to, please go to link to California India Culture and sovereignty center. Okay. And the screen reader would give them an option to open or not open. And I think one of the key things to remember as well is, you know, and Portia, this is a great, you know, things are being simplified in terms for a screen reader, but screen readers are highly modifiable, that's a word. The users get so used to it and they create their kind of own abilities to manage how their screen reader behaves.  And I watched somebody do that years ago. It was just fascinating, but the documents have to be well-formatted for them to be able to navigate that quickly. So this is just a really nice example of taking all of the same information as there. It's providing the equivalent learning experience. Nothing is missing from that process of making this section accessible. And I also will show you a little bit later. You can, rather than to create space, you can use your line spacing rather than what they've had to do here with this paragraph, paragraph, paragraph, paragraph. And I'm gonna show you that a little bit later as well. So my next doc shape group, this one's a mess. It's got all kinds of stuff there and look at this. That's gonna be really, does it say paragraph, paragraph, Penny or does it say enter, enter, enter, enter? It says paragraph. Paragraph, okay. I'm gonna close this just so we have more room, but there's a lot of stuff going on in here. So you've got these extra, like this was just put there so that they could hold the picture in place, which is problematic. So the first thing I did was to remove that. And then again, I just copy and pasted the text. I didn't type everything all over again. I used styles for my headings. And then I took this picture and I formatted it properly in line with text and I gave it alt text. My opinion is that this picture is pretty important. There's a lot of information in it. So when I created the alt text, I fully described it. I said, first amendment gives citizens a freedom of religion, press, speech, assembly and petition so that the screen reader will read all of that information. And so all of this, I accomplished the same thing just by what I did here by my line spacing. So if I go up to paragraph and I go to line spacing, indents and line spacing, I put 24 points after this. And look at what happens if I reduce that. For example, if I take this down to six, that image moves up. And if I take it up to 36, that image moves down.  And you can do the same thing here. Again, in the clip art down here, the really great thing that they did in this document that I love is they credited the pictures and people don't always do that. Remember your images, you have to use copyright free images or have the permission to use them. So in here, again, they gave the URL, I embedded it here, first amendment graphic and I embedded it here. Portia? Yeah. On that particular image, when you went in and looked at that at its source, did it have a weapons associated with it of any type or was it just saying free to use? I got it from here. Into the chat. I just want to put your feet. Do that. Cool, thank you. I gotta find my chat now though. There it is. I got too many things open. I get confused. Thank you. You're gonna check it, Penny? Yeah. Okay, thanks. All right, so as we go on, so here, we tell people all the time, don't use charts, charts are better for data, not for information, but sometimes they're actually okay. But this one, I'm gonna turn that accessibility, check her back on again. And Margaret, if I'm going too long, let me know and we'll flip over. I don't know that we'll be able to finish everything. It's gonna be another. This is good, I think it's good. Okay, we still have, we have a problem with this one. So again, I took out all this extra formatting that was not necessary. I used styles for this. And then in this chart, if you wanna know how a chart's going to read, put your cursor in and then just keep hitting tab. So this is exactly how the screen reader is gonna read this. And for this one, that's probably okay. But if there were more columns, more information, it would be more difficult for the person listening. So with charts, with tables, what you should do is set this first row as a header row. And when you set it as a header row, the person using the screen reader has the option of having these two titles read for everything. So it would read amendment, first amendment, summary, freedom of speech, amendment, second amendment, summary, freedom to bear arms. In this chart, that's probably not necessary, but I'll show you another one where it's more important. It's easy to set a header row. You can just highlight it, go to table properties. And then when you go to table properties, go to row and repeat as header row. Usually you have this one checked, allow to break across page, uncheck that and check repeat as header row. And now it will read as a header row for every cell if that's what the person listening wants. But it will also, let's say that this was a super long chart and went on to the next page. It would, well, where'd that come from? It would repeat that row at the top of the next page. So again, if the information makes sense in a table, you can leave it there, but you need to make sure that you put the header row in there. There's another way to do that. You can do it in this case, turn off my paragraph markers. You can do the same kind of thing by making two columns of information. Now you don't wanna use columns because if I had, I could easily set this up using columns, but then it's gonna say amendment, first amendment, second amendment, third amendment, summary, freedom, freedom, freedom. I don't want it to do that. I want it to say amendment, summaries, first amendment, freedom of speech. So I have two practice sections over here. If you look at the document that's not accessible, a lot of times people will just use the space bar to line things up the way they want them. But this is gonna read space, space, space, space, space, space, space, space, and that's very annoying. So we're gonna use tab stops to create horizontal columns. And there are two ways to do that that are not that hard. I'm gonna start with this way. I'm gonna highlight everything and then I'm gonna go to paragraph and I'm going to go to tabs. And I'm gonna put a tab stop position. I want there to be, I want this tab to stop, let's say at two and a half inches. I'll put 2.5 in here and I'm gonna set it and say, okay. So now when I put my cursor here, I can tab and it's gonna move it over to that point if it works. Sometimes it changes its mind and I'll turn off my paragraph marker and you have two columns that the screen reader can read across. There's another way to do that and that's to use this little thing up here. These are tab stops. You see this little L, it's really tiny but that is a left tab stop and you can put that someplace and then when you begin typing, everything will type to the left of this tab. So all I have to do is make sure that this is here and then I put it where I wanted and I want it right here at 2.5 inches. So now when I click into my document and tab, everything will tab to that point and if I don't want it anymore, I can just drag it off and it disappears or I can set it someplace else and it moves to that position. So that's kind of a fun little thing. And so if I click through here, it has other options but I'm just using the left one for now and for whatever reason it disappears and you have to keep clicking till you get it again. There, no, there it is. I'm gonna turn paragraph back on for this one. This has a lot going on and we're going to go to review and check accessibility. Again, we have this box that we don't need. I've taken that out, I've put in headings but this one has lines and if you look at this document, every time I click online, that's like a picture. You either have to mark that as decorative or tell the screen reader what it is and in this case, it's just put there for spacing and I find it really annoying to have to go back and mark all of these as decorative. So what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna remove these lines and I'm gonna use tab stops and underline to make my lines and for whatever reason, this was already done that way but these were lines. A really hard thing to do is to grab these lines once you're trying, there it is, oops, I had it. There it is. I can delete this line and I'm gonna move this back and I'm gonna set a tab stop. So I'm gonna go again into paragraph and tabs. I'm gonna clear all these out and I want my tab, I want my line to be at three for example. I'm gonna set it and say, okay and now I have to make sure that my underline is turned on and now when I hit tab, I get a nice line and I can go through and do that for every line. You notice that it disappears. Once I've taken that out, it will disappear and I don't know, the tab sometimes sticks, sometimes doesn't. It's not my, this is not my forte. For sure. Yeah. Can I make a recommendation? I would love it, Penny, cause this is just so glitchy. Go back up to your paragraph where you were choosing to your tab stop. Okay, open that up. Okay, now here, you see where you have your tab stop position and your default stops. Now at the bottom, it has a section called leader. Yes. He's number four and you don't have to worry then about your underline being marked. Perfect. Yeah. So okay, that explains why sometimes it's turned on and sometimes it's turned off. Yep. Got it, perfect. Okay, well, let's do a tab here. Let's try that. So here we are. We're gonna do again, I'm gonna clear all these and I'm gonna set my tab at three and I'm gonna put four like that. Yeah. Okay. And tab. Beautiful, Penny. Thank you, yay. So this is, yeah, Penny has been my tutor and she's taught me so many things and I did not know, I kept playing with that leader and did not know what it was. So that's fabulous. Just, I think this is the last thing. Here's another table. This one's a little bit harder because there are more sections. So you definitely want a header row here. So again, you would just highlight this and then go to paragraph. Here, go to paragraph. Oh, I'm sorry, no, go to table properties and uncheck this. Check this and now you have a header row. And the last thing is this one. This one, we don't need all those paragraph markers. I'll turn those off. This one is really hard to read because again, if we tab through this, this is exactly how it's going to read. So it'll be president, vice president, secretary, secretary, right name, right name, right name, right name. This one would be a much better layout if we flip the information, put the positions here and the names here. So now it's gonna say position name, president of the United States and then whatever you write in here, vice president of the United States. And again, the screen reader can read these. So you can put that right, that name here and the screen reader will read it. And you could also put that, like if you wanted to put that here, write the name here. You could put that here. And if you wanted to, you could make that text white. And now it's not gonna show for the person using the document, but it will show for the screen reader. And that's it. We had a question in the chat that Penny answered. Thank you. It's how will the screen reader read those underlines? And Penny said it's, she thinks that it reads as tab stop without reference to the underline. Thank you, Penny, for answering questions in the background. That's great. Thanks so much. Any questions about Microsoft Word before we move on? And again, I will drop those documents in the chat for you. Yeah, the thing, well, the thing I was wondering, because I actually met with some OTAN people on this, on, you know, that blank, blank cell in a table. Because I do use tables occasionally, but always header rows and always, you know, minimize. But the blank cell thing, as far as, like you said, people who are using the document on paper, they need that cell to be able to write the answer. And then people seeing it online, well, some screen readers will say blank cell and some won't. So, yeah, if you're saying I can just type in, you know, write answer here or something like that and then make it white, that's like a perfect solution. I didn't even know about that one. So thank you. Yeah, I don't know what happens when your students use that as an electronic document with white text, but if you give them print copy, they're not gonna see that. Yeah, and that's exactly what I need is a document that works for both rather than doing everything twice. Yeah, the other thing I've done is actually create the picture of the line and I labeled it white line. Yeah, I alt-texted. Of course, so thank you so much. I'm gonna, we need to move on to Microsoft Word if we can now. Let me see if I can get my PowerPoint back up. For some reason it's not, oh, there we go. I think that's it. Can you all see this now? And then it is an edit mode so that I can show you some of these things, but we're gonna talk quickly about most common issues and tips from Microsoft PowerPoint. And again, we have this PowerPoint to share if people need it. Google Classroom is where a lot of agencies now have their documents and slides. So I'm gonna show you a little bit about that, how to convert to Microsoft to make the accessibility checker available. We're gonna talk about copyright issues, royalty-free images and alt-text, again. Accessibility checker, which Portia talked about a bit and then we're gonna talk about how to rectify errors in reading order and titles which is a big thing in Microsoft PowerPoint. So when we're working with Google Classroom Slides, we'll need to convert those into Microsoft PowerPoint. So they're a great way to share with your teachers through Google Classroom. And again, that's good. The problem is with Google, it doesn't easily have an accessibility checker whereas PowerPoint does. Okay, so we're gonna show you quickly, show you how to convert Google Slides into PowerPoint. We just take your Google Classroom Slides, you know, open it up with your slides that's ready to convert. You go to the top ribbon where it says File, click Download and choose Microsoft PowerPoint. Let me just show you that really quickly. Can you all see this Google doc? It's a Google slide called EL Civics. Are you seeing that? Yes. Okay. So reporting in absence is a common EL Civics. One that I was working with an agency on but I needed to use it in PowerPoint so I could check. So I just go up to File and you go to Download and you can download in many ways but I need Microsoft PowerPoint, click on that and it easily will download it for you and you can save that document and later you can put it back into Google Classroom. I don't know if the accessibility will stay the same but I believe it does. Okay. I have a loom video to remind you of how to do that if you are lost. But it's pretty easy. Copyright issues, it's very important to stay away from commercially licensed materials. If you're gonna share on the EL Civics exchange because we wanna be able to share alike. In other words, we can't use commercially licensed materials so you have to look at what your current materials are. Like here's a picture of a slide that an agency sent to me and these pictures did not look like they made those pictures. So I had to ask them are they original or did you get them from a software program or a textbook and yes they did. So you have to take those out of your presentation. Maybe you can look at the pictures. Maybe do something similar yourself but not exactly because it's not original otherwise. Okay. We need to use royalty free pictures and clip art. So for instance, this picture over here on the right I got that from Noun Project which is my favorite place to go. But I'll show you that. And the alt text for that, sorry I need to move your pictures is actually from Noun Project but I changed it a little bit to show that it's not okay with an X. So you could do that with clip art or you could do it with a photo. And then again here you have to do alt text as well and on here you have to do alt text. So everything, all the pictures need to be original or royalty free, okay. How do we do that? Well, we get royalty free from many different sources. My favorite is Noun Project because they have icons that are very simple and they also have pictures. Pixabay, Pexels, they all have pictures as well. And Openverse is the former Creative Commons image search. So these are all available on the EL Civics Exchange under resources, there's links there as well, okay. And let me just show you, I think, Portia showed you already how to do alt text but basically you click on the picture right click, go to view alt text and this is the one that was generated by Noun Project but I see that there's a little grammar error. So I might add call outdoors or just that's not really necessary. I might erase that, doesn't matter, okay. I am attributing it to Noun Project and who the photographer was. So that's still there. Okay, now accessibility checker and PowerPoint very similar to Word. You just go up to the review tab, click on that, go to check accessibility and you'll see there's a couple of things to work on. Warnings is not quite as important but we have two things that we do need to be attentive to. We need to look at any errors that we see and typical errors in PowerPoint are every slide has to have a unique title and then make sure that every picture or clip art has alt text. Check the reading order, that's important in Word and to do that you just go up to the reading order pane. When you're in review, check accessibility, you'll see there's a reading order pane at the top on the ribbon and you click on that and you can see the reading order. The reading order here is out of line. What's wrong with it? Can anyone tell me? You can unmute. First. Say it again. Title needs to be first. Thank you. So I'm gonna just simply move it up for some reason it doesn't wanna go up. There we go. What about the subtitle? Where should that go? Second. Second would be a good idea. And then we have the content and the picture. We could have the picture before the content if you want. I don't think the picture is that important because it's just showing order but it's up to you. We may not even need the picture. It's just sometimes we like graphics in our PowerPoints so that's why I did that. Any questions on that? Pretty easy to check the reading order and then you can click it off and then you're back to accessibility. Looks pretty good. There is one error but we'll get to that. Okay. We do need to have a unique title for every slide. So in order to do that, we go to outline view, view, tab, outline view. And it's great. It shows you all the titles and all the content for each slide. So it's wonderful. So then add a unique title to each slide. You can either type it in here. I'm showing you one here. So we could type in a title. Okay. It's a demo slide so I'm just showing you. This is where you would do it. You can type it in over here or you can type it in on the slide itself. And content you can type in on the left side as well if you would like. It's up to you. Sometimes, I'm gonna get out of here. Go back to normal so you can see it better. Sometimes we have slides. We often like to have slides that show blanks and then students are supposed to fill in those missing words in class when we're showing the PowerPoint. And then we don't wanna give them the answer yet but then later we wanna give them the answer. So we just copy and paste those slides but they seem to have the same title. So you just need to change the slide title that shows the answer. Maybe you wanna say answer or you could say 2A, 2B, 2C like that as the title or you can make the font so faint that you can't really read it but a screen reader could. So we could change that, okay. Any questions on that? You guys are good, no questions. They don't listen to you. Okay, just wanna give you a few more accessibility resources and there's a lot on the EL Civics Exchange itself. Let me go there and show you. So on this page on EL Civics, that's the opening page, you have a little button up here called resources and the resources page has a lot of great resources that are on which some are videos, some are just websites. So you can go to those, get lots of background information, find open source pictures and more about 508 compliance, things like that. And then to go back to the main page, just click the logo and you're back to the main page. And this is where you begin the submission process. Any questions about that? If you ever have questions, you can always email us and that gets to Lori, to Portia, to me, whoever's working with EL Civics so elcivics.casa.org is our standard email and it's really easy to go there, okay? Hey, Margaret, can I ask a favor of you? Yes. You took that one Google slide deck and you saved it as a PowerPoint. Can you open that PowerPoint? I'd like to see something. Oh, open the PowerPoint, sure. I'm sharing that screen now, I hope so. Yeah, so let's see what it looks like, huh? Yeah, be sure to enable it up there. Run your accessibility checker. Yeah, and don't be shocked. Okay, so those three errors at the top and when you start seeing those numbers, 133 and 118, this is a key point in my opinion because you can do this but if you've dropped down that list for missing object description on your checker, yeah, just drop it down. So you see how that says Google shape, Google shape, Google shape? That's because Google does not recognize, or Microsoft does not recognize Google stop. So if you click on one of those, so now it's on the PowerPoint. Yeah. So what I find with this is that, okay, I know this is an image and I'm gonna have to probably go through and check my reading order because that's what it'll tell me to do. If you drop down that triangle next to Google shape in your object description, missing object description, drop down that arrow. So now it's wants a description and what I wanna see is if I can rename that. So click add a description, I can't do it here. So the alt text would, the graphic showing a phone for reporting absences or whatever, right? Uh-huh. So let's go back to the list. I don't know if I can do this or not. I'm using using any date. Can you right click on that first one at the top? See, I don't know. Can you just type in there text box? Kind of type? Text box? Yep. No, nothing happens. So this is why trying to take things out of Google into PowerPoint because when you were showing how to check your reading sequences before, each thing was marked very well. So you knew it was a title, it was a subtitle, it was content. Uh-huh. Now you're not gonna have that ability, right? Well, because the only way you know it is by clicking on it. I can't tell from number one, Google shape, is that reporting an absence or is that something else? Well, when we look at outline view, we can see there are no titles here at all. So that's a big problem. That's a big problem. Thank you. Big problem. And that's why the advocacy for using Microsoft because it's already built in. Now, I did post in the chat that Google does have an extension called Grackle but it costs an agency to use it. It's not free, which is unfortunate. It might be in the future, but right now, and I've been working with Melinda Holt at Oltan about seeing how does some of those conversions take place. I'm told I'm gonna be given a license so I can play with it and then maybe give you some tips and stuff about how to get that to work, pulling it over into Microsoft because to me, as an instructor, that would be so daunting to see that kind of report trying to convert a slide deck out of Google. Yeah, this is why it's really good to start, brush, if you can, and just see what was already done but then make it better. But start in Word or start in PowerPoint and go from there. And, Benny, if you had access to Grackle, you wouldn't have to download them into Word. You could just keep them as Google Docs, right? Right, but I think it doesn't need to change require them to be in Microsoft because of the ability to edit. Oh, the sharing. Or PDF. The sharing. Or PDF, yeah. So, I mean, if we just find a cleaner way to convert those Google products over to Microsoft, that isn't such a heavy lift to make them accessible. But in fact, that's how you find out how you really look and see if those pictures are open source or not. So, things like that. And we're very heavy into graphics in our instructional materials. It's just a necessity when you're doing ESL, maybe so. You guys are doing such a terrific job of getting the word out to the field. And I'm really looking forward to seeing the exchange grow over time and providing more and more of those resources. You guys have been at this for a long time, trying to get this exchange put together. So, it's kind of cool. So, it's getting there, it's getting there. Sandra, do you have any questions for us? No, I just had a comment that struck me when you talked about graphics, you know, in ESL we use so many graphics.  So, yeah, finding these sites, and like I said, there's a lot of stuff that's, I'm working on workplace safety right now. And you ever tried to find free graphics for that one? I'm making a lot of money. Yeah, go to NounProject, you will find stuff. Okay, I'm making a lot of money. Yeah, NounProject, I know my favorite one. It's like, you have to register and what if I get the attribution wrong? And then, you know. No, I just got a basic download and, you know, you just have a free account. It's easy. Okay. Yeah. And it actually gives you the attribution. And a huge part of the time. Yes, it is. It is, especially with those beginning level, the Elsevix stuff, yeah. But it's important. Kind of fun. Why don't you get your, you know, the basics? It's kind of fun. We're used to just downloading, you know, any picture we want from Google, you know, and it's not cool. Yeah, those days are gone. Yeah. But yeah, I mean, I do have fun making the graphics.  I had to find a woman with long hair who was working and then put her in a kitchen and then, you know. Well, sometimes you can do it at your own job site.  Yeah, and they'll want photo releases and everything else. I'm like, yeah. True, you have to have picture releases, photo releases. That's why I'm hoping you get more stuff on the exchange. So it's like, okay, where'd you find your graphics? Yes. Yeah, it's Margaret and she found it on that project. Oh, yeah, it's fun. It's fun to look for, you know, free stuff. So, open resource. All right. Sandra, too, there's a lot of other sources for images. And if you're looking, you said you were working for a workplace right now. Ages ago, I found some resources through the, like for construction trades. It was the tool people and they were happy to provide images. If you gave them credit for it. Now, this was a long time ago. So I can't say that that's true anymore, but I had a CTE construction guy that, you know, he was using like safety videos from DeWalt. And they were available to him at no cost because it was it was promoting their fund. So, you know, there are ways sometimes to get around that when you're, when you're really narrow in what you're looking for. And it still takes time. I mean, I'm not saying it's going to save time, but it may provide you a richer resource for what you're looking for in your materials that you're creating. No, that's a good idea because we have CTE classes on a lot of areas. So I could, yeah. And I know the head of CTE, so he could help me up with the teachers. And there's a also was, I don't think it was with pixels. There, there's another one. And if I can find it, I'll get it to Margaret and Portia. And maybe again, add it to their resource list where you can request photos or images that somebody will go and do for you at no cost because they will license them under creative comments. And I think that's a good idea. And if I find it, I'll tell you, I used it once where I was like, I need images of people doing gestures and emotions. So I found a favorite artist that she just took all these pictures where she was like contemplative. So she was like this, like angry. But you have all of these images that you could then, you know, they have transparent background and very easy to use. So I will try to find that for each other because it'll save you in the long run. Thanks, Penny. Yeah. Remind me Portia, but I'll get a few. Thank you so much for all your assistance, Penny. It's been great. And thank you for, for helping us.  I learned so much. Thank you very much for coming. We appreciate your time today. And have fun with the rest of the conference today.


From VOA Learning English, this is The Economics Report. Economic concerns have been at the heart of the recent protests in Brazil. Brazilian President Gilma Rousseff answered growing public unrest over government spending and economic concerns. On June 24, she proposed a popular vote, or plebiscite, on a constitutional process to make reforms needed by the country. President Rousseff also described a $23 billion spending plan. The money would go to public transportation and would support investment in education and health care. The Brazilian leader also promised to fight political corruption. President Rousseff met with state governors, city mayors, and protest leaders in the capital, Brasilia. It is estimated that one million people took part in protests across Brazil. Demonstrators are angry that the government is spending billions of dollars in public money in preparations for two huge sporting events. Brazil will hold the FIFA World Cup Soccer Championship next year, and then the 2016 Olympic Games two years later. The protests started when the government announced it would increase transportation costs, such as bus and subway fares. But the protests soon turned to other economic issues and spread. As a result, the government suspended its plans for the transportation fare increases. Centers have been demanding better health care, education, and public transportation and action against corruption. As Brazil prepares for the major sporting events, the country is also facing rising inflation. The inflation rate is now over 6 percent, which is higher than the government's target. For VOA Learning English, I'm Mario Ritter.