Transitional Justice here on Think Tech. I'm Jay Fidel. We have the honor of talking to Stella Pisato. She's a member of PEJ, Project Expedite Justice, and she joins us today from Verona, Italy, which is between Milan and Venice. Am I right Stella? Yes, exactly, and thank you for having me here, Jay. Absolutely. Okay, so what do you do for Project Expedite Justice and how does it involve the title of our show, which is Indigenous People? Yes. So I've been with Project Expedite Justice for a year, a little bit more over a year, and I'm a consultant, mainly at work in the Conservancy and Indigenous People's Rights Project. We've initiated like a research and investigative report about a year ago. I also sometimes work on other projects within Project Expedite Justice. We have projects working on Ethiopia, on Sudan, on South Sudan, on Ukraine. So sometimes I hop around the project when it's needed, but mainly I'm on the Conservancy and Indigenous People's Rights Project. Okay, I want to make a distinction. I'd like to know the difference between, we have interviewed a number of people for Project Expedite Justice, some of them in Europe, some of them in Africa, some of them in Latin America. And they're usually talking about atrocities, usually talking about murder in rural areas, or in cities where government has gone off the side and killed people and there are war crimes involved. So, and I know you have a lot of projects, you meeting Project Expedite Justice, there's a lot of projects, investigations, commissions, maybe prosecutions, lawsuits and all that about those war crimes and atrocities. What's the difference between what those investigators are doing and what you're doing? Okay, so to start with the Conservancy and Indigenous People's Rights Project, it's a very new project. So compared to the other projects that we have, there's something that we've built in a year now starting from scratch, so from researching these crimes, which in our case, in Conservancy and Indigenous People's Rights Project, they're not war crimes per se. Maybe they sometimes can reach the level of crimes against humanity, but it's not like, that is not what we're investigating now. We are looking at land dispossession. So when Indigenous People's are removed forcibly from their lands, we're looking at all the consequences that this land dispossession has on Indigenous People's and we're looking at also gross human rights violations that happen within the protected areas. So torture, arbitrary detention, rape, extradition killings. So we do come across gross human rights violations also in these areas, but that might be the similarity with the other projects. And also these are marginalized communities. They're upon the most marginalized communities in the world, Indigenous People's. So Projects with Justice works with marginalized people around the world that have a difficulty assessing justice. And also this is another similarity with our project, with the new project. Well, that's very important. So what is an Indigenous person? Can you give us just a thumbnail definition of how is that different from an ordinary person? Okay, so there is no like made definition for Indigenous People's that is accepted worldwide. What we do with PHA is that we look at the UN kind of definition. And it was given years ago on a policy paper and basically Indigenous People's are people that leave and were came before other people and they live in ancestral, in their ancestral lands. Sounds, and you mentioned also the dispossession of ancestral lands is a critical piece in defining the problems for Indigenous People. And it sounds like what we're talking about here is that people who are particularly vulnerable, they start off being vulnerable. They start off without having a whole lot of prospects and options in life. Am I right about that? Yes, completely right. So Indigenous People's are already very vulnerable because of the fact that they're so marginalized. And most of the time they're not recognized by their governments.  But when they're dispossessed from their lands because their attachment to the land is so strong and therefore it's everything, it's their church. So they are so attached to their land that when they're dispossessed, they lose part of their identity. And yes, they lose part basically of their identity when they're dispossessed from their land. Which is really sad. You know, I was thinking as you were describing that Stella of a movie that I saw maybe five years ago by Ai Weiwei, Chinese dissident, activist, human rights person. And this movie was called Human Flow. And it talked about the number of people in this world of ours today who are in camps, forced involuntary camps. They're sort of stateless. They don't know where to go. Nobody wants to take care of them. They've been the victims of one kind of atrocity or another, maybe sort of a group atrocity, if you will. And I guess what I'm thinking, and at the time, at the time the movie told us that the number of people in these camps worldwide was something in the order of 65 million people behind barbed wire who had no prospect of education or any wealth accumulation or even leaving the camps. And they went through generations upon generations in these camps and they died in these camps. There was cemeteries in these camps. It was very tragic. And it was the study of a phenomenon that I didn't know about. And I'm wondering if the dark side of this if you are unable to help an indigenous person, an indigenous group, where do they wind up? And they've been dispossessed from their traditional lands. Nobody helps them. Do they wind up in the camps that Ai Wei Wei was talking about in his movie? Well, they do sometimes end up in refugee camps when they're dispossessed. But what I heard the most from indigenous peoples and other organization that work in the field, indigenous people will protest till the end till they're killed to stay in their land. And this is something very inspiring and powerful that they have in their nature. So, yeah, they might end up forcibly in some other situations that they're not choosing. But they will try, they're trying till the end. That's why there are so many scandals, for instance, with the Ma Zai in Tanzania of people that are getting killed because they're trying to go back to their ancestral lands.  Oh, they're fighting to get back to where they were removed from, yeah. Exactly. The Ma Zai is famous for that. It's really very tragic in Tanzania. So what can you do as a member of BEJ, making these investigations, writing these reports, what can you do in fact to help them? Okay, so what we do and what we're trying to do in the best case scenario, obviously, is to, well, first, we understood the situation. We mapped out what is happening, why it's happening, how it happens in different areas. And now on the next phase, in the next phase of the project, we're trying to dive in one country that we are in the process of choosing. And then there, we also are in the process of making connections with people on the ground that know their way around the park and also know how to talk to indigenous peoples or local communities. And from there, then we would try to map the evidence that we can gather. We usually go for fresh evidence. So atrocity that have happened within a year, within a year or two. And then depending on what we can get, we will either make, we will either pursue sanctions or help in domestic cases or other human rights bodies. But most importantly, we first need to listen to what the communities want because if we go there and we say, we want to take your case to court and maybe that's not what they want, but maybe they want to learn how to do it themselves, then PJ will teach them, will help them build the capacity to do that. So we will start from what the community wants. PJ has a community-based approach in all of its project and we will copy paste it to Conservancy and Indigenous Peoples Rights Project. Well, part of that is to build trust with the people that you seek the information from. And they could be from a completely different culture. They are not from Verona usually, right? They're from undeveloped countries, the undeveloped areas in Africa, Latin America maybe. So my question to you is how do you build that trust? Well, how do you approach them? Especially when you maybe you can't get to them physically and you'll have to deal with them through the internet or email or message, text message, who knows what? How do you build trust with somebody who's far away in a different world? So connecting with them was actually one of the main challenges we faced at the beginning of the project, but also now in terms of infrastructures and also internet connection for them, it's really hard to connect to something if they live in the forest obviously. So we had issues like connecting with them and we tried to use maybe different kinds of communication, maybe just a text, going back to your questions. Time, you need time to build trust. You need to show that you're there for them. So you need to show that you're available. And also it's important from the start not to build expectations too high because they're suffering a lot, they're traumatized, they've lost everything, they've lost their lands. So we say also that this is where we can go if we have this, this and that. So yeah, being truthful to them and transparent helps building trust and also showing that we are there for them and we care. You talk to the phone or use Zoom meetings like this one to have a face-to-face discussion or at least a voice discussion. Yes, we did. And I mean, at least for me, it was very... Yeah, it was particular. It was very special to talk with them. Also very intense because also maybe their way of talking and of speaking, expressing their thoughts. It's different in my perspective from maybe how I would say something or how you would say something. And what comes out of these conversations is really their attachment to the land and that they want to be recognized more. They want to be part of the decision-making process when it concerns their land and they want their knowledge as Indigenous people to be used and recognized because they know, they've experienced that that's the best way of doing conservation. So that's something that they really stress when we talk to them that they want to be... And they have to be the main character in display. Yeah, well, there's so many questions that come to mind about this. When we spoke earlier, you mentioned that you, generally speaking, you talk English with them. But not everybody does speak English in some of these places. Because when you have a language or even if you have the person on the other end is able to speak a kind of rudimentary English, but you have a problem in really articulating what you want to say. And likewise, they have a problem in articulating what they want to say. And maybe they don't speak English as well as some local Indigenous dialect or Swahili. Is that appropriate in the Masai area in Tanzania? I don't know. But, you know, a language, an African language, for example, that is not English. What do you do? So we have... Oh, usually they have translators. And we talk through translators with them. For instance, in Nepal, we talked with an organization of Indigenous women. And the chair of the organization is an Indigenous woman. And to talk with her, she invited an interpreter that was also part of the organization. But that's usually how we try to solve these issues. I also most of the people we talk to in Africa, they speak French. For instance, in Cameroon or in DRC. And we have colleagues that speak French. So in that case, it's easier because we can solve the problem internally.  Does that extend to Latin America? In places in Asia? Yeah, so for the exploratory report, we covered a wide area, a wide geographical area. It was mainly Africa, so Uganda. I'm just naming a few. Uganda, Tanzania, DRC, Cameroon. And then in South Asia, India and Nepal. Oh, you mentioned Nepal, yeah. Yeah, and Nepal. So we are now diving into, let's say one of these, or more than one of these countries and others that we are discovering through talks with researchers, anthropologists, experts in the field. And every day there's something new, something that we say, oh, we should research that as well. And there is a lot. But we haven't covered Latin America yet. Talking to people about very personal things, about their feeling about their land and the frustration it goes with being really thrown off their ancestral lands. I'm sure that's for a variety of reasons, all of them unfair and trying to help them develop some hope in the future and a life for their families and all that. Why are you doing this, Bella? This is pretty demanding and I'm sure it's emotionally demanding. Why are you doing this? It is emotionally demanding. So to answer, I see two sides of the same coin and the coin being PJ for let's say now. On the one side is very fulfilling. You feel that you are doing something and you are helping this very marginalized communities, these victims of atrocities, of rape, of torture. And on the other side, you also feel that you're never doing enough and there is maybe a sense of frustration sometimes because, yeah, these things keep happening. It's very hard to stop the cruelty of the human being. So you will really face every day with catastrophes, with human catastrophes. And well, what I hope is not to become detached while working on this in the long run, but always having like a sensitivity towards it. Definitely like in this job, you have to learn to also live your own life because it's different. I'm from Verona. I went to university. I'm here talking with you now. I will travel and these people have lost everything. So sometimes you also make a comparison and you can say we really deserve this but then you talk with other people and it's easier. It's nice to talk about this with colleagues and people because they some understand very well and they're also grateful to you for doing this. What did you study in the university, in Verona or anywhere else? And you told me that you're taking a master's right now. Have you finished that already? And what areas of study have you been engaged in to qualify you for this very difficult work? I finished high school in Italy and right after that I moved to other countries in Europe. I did my bachelor's in International European Law in Kroningen. Very hard to pronounce. It's a small student city in the north of Poland, of the Netherlands. So I did my bachelor's there in International European Law and I spent six months in Southeast Asia well initially I had to be in Hong Kong but because of the protests of 2019 after a month of university I had to leave Hong Kong because of the political situation and then I moved back to Kroningen after traveling in South Asia and I just finished my master actually today. Congratulations. We all congratulate you. Thank you. It was a very hard journey, it was a very tough journey especially with the pandemic. And yeah, I did my master's in International International Criminal Law in Amsterdam. Wow, that's pretty ambitious. Do you have a lot of friends and classmates and colleagues who feel the same way about this that you do? I mean, are you part of a new generation in Italy or in Europe or really anywhere in the world which is dedicated to helping people, indigenous people and others who've been the victims of human rights violation? I think there have always been people like us in the past that wanted to do something for justice and for humanity otherwise we wouldn't have some institutions like the International Criminal Court and other human rights bodies. But I think maybe now it's becoming stronger the sense that we have to do something and that climate change for different wars around the world and people are taking studies about it maybe a few years ago my master didn't exist and now it exists so that's a change and that says something because we have the possibility to choose to study these and it's really niche but there are people that do it. So you must look down the road Stella and see what a career, a life expressing these interests would be like. How do you see your life unfolding? Will you make this your life's work? Will you continue to travel and talk to people in developing countries and be as fervent and passionate or do you think you might move on to something else? You mentioned something before that was interesting that you didn't want to lose the passion here but isn't there a progression in work like you're doing where you get to be management and you get to be an administrator and as such you don't necessarily deal directly with the people as much as you used to. What about that? What is the career pattern and is there a time when you will be an administrator, a manager and not have so much contact with the people that you talked to in these investigations? So what I really like about PHA is that it's a very small organization and also the people at the top for instance Cynthia or... You're referring to Cynthia Tai, the founder of PHA who lives in Kona although she travels a lot. Yeah, she does travel a lot. They're constantly in contact with these people maybe even more than me sometimes. So that's what I really like about this organization because it's small and it gives everyone the possibility to directly feel what's happening on the ground. In terms of career path, like for now I just started, I just graduated and I think this is the place where I have to be now to also learn and decide what to do in the future and if it will happen for me to have the possibility of growing, why not? I will definitely take it as a possibility. I know that you have colleagues in various countries, various cultures, various nationalities. It's interesting how PJ has a global network of people who are like you and motivated in the same way. Just my limited knowledge of it, I know they're in Latin America, they're in many places in Africa and Asia and they're in Europe because a lot of the actions, so to speak, is in Europe, the cases, the lawsuits, the court process, what have you, and of course in Ukraine as well and that's all totally appropriate. But have you met them? You talked to them? Have you physically said hello to them? Do you get around and meet your colleagues? I was actually very lucky and I had the chance to meet Cynthia, Nikola, Sisman, Boje, Arva and other team members because we had a conference in The Hague. We participated of PJ at the World Justice Project which is a conference that lasted for three or four days and while Cynthia was traveling a lot, she made a stop in The Hague. Nikola was on a mission and they stopped in The Hague. I was in Amsterdam, other PJ team members were also in Amsterdam for studying so we did have a few meetings but they were really rare but I'm happy I had the chance to meet them personally in a year of seeing them in the screen. Yeah, yeah. I'd like to ask you if you could sort of address American young people who might be interested in this thing or if not interested because they don't know about it, interested in general in helping people deal with violations of human rights of one kind or another at various places in the world. In a way, Ukraine has woken a lot of people up about the need to protect the liberal world order, the need to help people who are under attack, disadvantaged and so. What would you say to an American college graduate? What would you say to a master's candidate or a PhD candidate in social sciences to encourage that person to join organizations like PEK and to travel and reach out and help people in various difficult places to cope with a world that has all too much violations of human rights? That's a very difficult question because also I think everyone reacts in a different way to maybe what I think. But for me what woke me up is that is understanding that this is my history. I'm living in this timeframe in the world and there is so much cruelty. There has always been a lot of cruelty in the world and if you can do something to either be more aware of what's happening around you or something to kind of mitigate the cruelty of some human beings, you should do it. That's what I would say. One other thing is we're running out of time and I do want to ask you about this. We have heat waves. We have supply chain issues. We have economic issues in various places including Europe certainly including Italy. We have difficulties in getting around and flying around. There have been a lot of articles about how big American airlines and global airlines have canceled a lot of flights and so forth. At the same time we hear about heat waves in Europe and in the U.S. and I wonder, I think it's appropriate for me to ask you how this affects your work because it's going to affect people in Tanzania. It's going to affect all of these areas where indigenous people have lost their ancestral homeland. It's going to affect you getting around to them and them getting around to you. It's going to affect a lot of things that are going to affect you. It's going to affect a lot of things and I wonder how you see that going forward. Climate change is not going to slow down until the world figures out how to deal with it and the world hasn't figured that out yet. So, Queery, how does climate change play in everything we've been discussing? I was talking with an activist from Chad and she said that there is this lake in Chad where basically there is no more water and when she was a kid it was full of water. And this now, like the scarcity of resources due to climate change, it leads to conflicts within communities that maybe didn't fight like a couple of years ago to get some water from a nearby lake. So I think it will affect our job because there will be more and more conflicts to get resources because we have less and less water or drinkable water at least. And if there are fires, then we lose wildlife, we lose trees, we lose forests. So I think the worst impact among many others of climate change on our job is really that it's going to increase the number of conflicts. Yeah, that's sad when you think about it, but at the same time I'm glad you're there doing what you do. And I want to express on my behalf and the people that I know who are sensitive to this, thank you for your service to humanity. Thank you for saying this, for seeing it, and also for giving the space to us to talk here. Della Pisato, the kind of person we want to have everywhere, not just in Verona. Thank you so much, Della. Thank you for watching Think Tech Hawaii. If you like what we do, please like us and click the subscribe button on YouTube and the follow button on Vimeo. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and LinkedIn, and donate to us at thinktechhawaii.com. Mahalo.


Good afternoon. My name is Ahmed Radasekat. I came from my university in Paris. And I work on the G-PAC team. For those who don't know G-PAC, I will do a quick presentation. Then I will talk about the key tools in G-PAC and the latest news. And then I will talk about the delivery of VR 360 videos using tiles. And I will show you some demos at the end. So what is G-PAC? G-PAC is an open source multimedia framework. It's under the LGPL license, a host on GitHub. And it can be used in all desktops, mobiles, iOS, Android, and embedded Linux. So what do we have in G-PAC? But basically, two sets of tools. One tool, which you may know, mp4box, which we are happy to call it a worldwide reference for mp4.5 manipulation. It does mp4.5 manipulation for mp4.5, but not only. You can do an encryption of your files. You can concatenate files. You can do a segmentation. We can also add streams, remove streams, add items, remove items, and things like that. We have also a player, which is a bit more than a simple audio video player. It's a half way between a player and the browser. We have support for 3D 2D graphics. We can use any protocol that you want, including HTTP. You can use almost any codec. We use FMPag. We have support for open HEVC and Scalable Extension. And I forgot to say that G-PAC is a research oriented project. Here we have some latest news. So now we have a public test infrastructure. We have support for energy extensions for EVC and HEVC. We've improved the TTML support. We have now the support for hardware decoding in OSX, iOS, and Android. And we work into a branch to support more PIFF and smoothing streaming files, file format. And hardware acceleration in encryption. We have also a lot of interesting projects, which you can check in our GitHub. I will talk to you now about the delivery of VR360 content using ties. So as you may know, to play 360 video, it requires at least 4K. But some claim, 20K for achieve 4K field of view resolution, like we see in the illustration. And to achieve this, we have the necessity to reduce the bandwidth. We can do this by acting on the compression, can do a compression of 2D video after some projection, or some shuffling and packing. Or also we can act in the delivery part. We can deliver a part of the video based on a viewport. And put a low quality outside the viewport. But here we have the necessity to react quickly to motion. Here we have some examples of projections. We have the simple one, a quick rectangular projection and a quick rectangular projection with specific packing. We just take the top and the bottom of the video where we don't need a lot of precision and put it on the top. We can do also a cool map projection with packing. So we think videos will probably be packed and compressed based on a rectangular region. And here's the test for tiling. So the principle of tiling is quite simple. We just cut the video into different parts. And we have the possibility to have different quality in each part. We can also have the possibility to play just sometimes with just only one. So in MPEG-DASH we have a notion called SRD, which represents the 3D relationship between videos. It's in the source content. It's code agnostic. There's no assumption of tiling coding tools and can be used with multiple independent videos. It's already be used for projected videos. But there is some discussion to extend it to 3D relationship. In our player MP4 client, we have support for two different adaptations. Here we can see using our GUI. We can see here different tiles. In this adaptation we have actually, for this example we have actually nine separate videos, which means nine decoders, as we can see here different buffers. And we have also another adaptation, which is called HVC motion-contrained tile-based adaptation. In this adaptation we have just one video, so one decoder. And here we can see different tiles, nine tiles, with different SRD and qualities also. So for this second adaptation, after tiling we encode the video using a motion-contrained HVC encoder. And after encapsulation we have the tile tracks and the tile-based track. After that, you can generate an MPD using an MPD generator to have the MPD file and the MP4 tile segments. Then you can play it with our player, for example. You can use in HTTP requests. You can choose any tile that you want to play, as I said before, or just one tile. Using this link you can have the whole description of this adaptation and how to encode, how to create files, how to play files, et cetera. So as we don't have now a standard to choose which tile to FABU, we have some streaming strategies, configuration streaming strategies that you can configure our player and MP4 client. We have a lot of strategies. Here we have four, uniform priority, row-based priority, center-based priority, or current-based priority. So as I said, we don't have a standard. But it can be used with a guest tracker or a head tracker, for example. Then after this, I will show you a demonstration where we do an adaptation in function of the viewport. So we will have the highest quality on the tile visible, the visible tile. And after that, I will show you a demonstration using demonstration of the implementation of the hardware decoding using MediaCodec. In Android, so here in MP4 client, we have this beautiful tool. We can check which decoder is used. We have the possibility to change the bandwidth. We have also, we can see the qualities, different qualities. And now here we have the adaptation. As you can see, the quality will change, it's not very visible, but the quality changes in function of the viewport. Here we have a demonstration. Actually, we are under just the tile which should be visible. And we can see also the adaptation of the quality in function of the viewport. Here it was very, very visible. So we don't render the other tiles. And here we have the demonstration of the MediaCodec, the difference between the MediaCodec hardware and the software decoder. We use FMPG. We can see here that the FS does not exceed 16 frames per second. We have a lot of drops. And one frame can be decoded in more than 100 milliseconds. But in the other hand, we have the MediaCodec, which can decode one frame in 20 milliseconds and have a constant FPS equal to 25 with no drops. We can see also the cut in this video. And it's quite smooth in the other one. I forgot to say that it's a 4K video resolution. Thank you. And I will be happy to answer if you have any questions. I have quite a few questions about the date. So do you think it's going to become part of the dash standard anytime soon, like this small description piece for these things? I didn't actually understand. So it's not part of the dash standard yet? Which part? Like this tile? Yeah, the tile's part. Do you see it becoming part of the dash standard somehow? I think it's already in the standard. HVC, tile in HVC is, I think. So with the Facebook pyramid format, can you repeat? Your question is, if we check the statistics using the kubemap projection, no, it is not that. It doesn't happen. When? You said that you were using motion constraint in HVC and kubemap. Yes. So the question is, did you measure any efficiency improvement? Why constrain the motion vectors? Did you see any improvement? Yes, actually, the question is if we did some statistic to see if we have any improvement using tile in encoding videos using the constant tile, constant motion tile. Yes, we did this. But there is no a lot of difference. But you just need to use 25 tiles and it's quite good. Yes? How much bandwidth can you save to get a similar 4k rendering? The similar? Yeah, I'll talk in question. How much do you gain? I don't know. But how much we gain if we render just one tile or just? No. I don't know. But actually, surely we'll gain some bandwidth. It's not really to benefit in compression efficiency. It's more to optimize the viewpoint according to the bandwidth you have, right? Yes, yes. Because you're not always seeing the full 4k picture. Yes, you don't? You're just seeing a lot of the picture. So instead of encoding the full picture, you just encode a part. And then you use actually the bandwidth you save on the other tile to improve the quality of the view you are seeing currently. So the tiling is not necessarily to include the overall quality of the 4k picture, but it just to optimize the quality that you were seeing when you were actually seeing the 360 video. So you're seeing one tile at a time, not all the tiles at the same time. But in the encoding, we encode all the tile with all the queries. It's just when we play the different tiles when we do the adaptation. If we support the question is if we support using MP4 client, if we support all the devices. We can actually, in Android, we have the MiltiView support. Yes, and we can use it with the Google Cardboard. Actually, we can play all the we support the HVC MiltiView. Then you can use to play a MiltiView file used inside by side, for example. Or you play it in a 3D screen. We tested it with MP4 5 with 5 views. And we can see we support it, actually. The question was what is the difference between the first adaptation and the second adaptation? Adapted a video player, use tile with a lot of videos, separate videos, and using it with just one video. That's the question. Yes. The current algorithm, the question is which adaptation algorithm we use for this using tiles. So here we check just which tile is visible. And we have configuration, as I said, to choose which quality to use. But we will soon support Bola algorithm for adapting videos. As I said before, yes, we support. The question is if we support MiltiView videos, MiltiView files. Yes, we support it. We can play it. We have two streams in one file. Yes, we have two streams in one file. And you can play it, as I said, side by side, or choose which view you can use. Thank you.


Hey, there you go. Welcome back to the channel. If you're a new welcome, please smash that like button and subscribe if you enjoy the reading. And keep in mind this is going to be a general love reading. I'm going to take a look at this person's current feelings for you. So some of us just may or not be for you. Okay, so let's get into this and see what this person's current feelings are, your person. Okay, they think you're soulmates, soul connection, partnership agreement, soul contract. Okay, they think you're their soulmate, the dragon fly. And I feel like they hope that you feel that way too. Okay, photograph. They can't stop looking at your photos for a girl. All right, let's take a look here, see what other messages. Um, now this person could be born in the year of the dragon, or you could be as well. Okay, religious factors, stay optimistic about your love life, express your love. So I feel like, I feel like your person feels that you guys do have some blockages. You have a different belief system, perhaps they think, you know, maybe you believe in God, they don't, or they do, and you don't, or you have different religious beliefs, or you were raised under, like, different, I want to say, um, there's like, your influences. There's something, there's some obstacle, not obstacle, I don't like to use that word. It just takes a little bit of work to try to come together. So you guys could have like, like they know that maybe you live far away from each other, or you have different cultural backgrounds, religious backgrounds, or something like that. But I feel like this person is super optimistic about your relationship. Like, they don't care.   Like you are pretty amazing, pretty unique, pretty special. Even though you guys have these differences, they're very optimistic about this relationship with you. And I feel like, like they want to, or they are someone who might have in the past expressed, like romantic gestures to you, or that at least they want to, okay, going forward. So yeah, but this is their current feels right now, how what I feel like is their energy right now. Let's take a look at the tarot and see. They feel like you guys are soul mates that you, too, despite anything are meant to be together, or that you are the person you are right for them. And I feel like this person misses you or they want to make new memories with you. Okay, let's see. Okay. So yeah, I mean, you guys might be at a distance, you have the Queen of Ones. I feel like they definitely are kind of standing in a crossroad here about, you know, they know they need to make a decision about this relationship. And I feel like, even with the way this person is holding this globe, there might be like, it's a decision about relocating. So we have Sagittarius, Leo, Aries energy here. So you could your person could be a fire sign. But I see them kind of like, how do they make this move or which way, which path do they take? It may not even be a long distance thing. It could have something also to do with like, your just your beliefs or your differences. As far as I'm hearing like someone might be super intuitive, or very much into it, not be very religious, but be more spiritual. And while another person could be very religious, you know what I mean? So there's a little bit of like, okay, worldly views versus very, like, I don't know why I can't get the word out. But like, very, like, I feel like religious views of some sort, there's definitely this person I feel is standing here at like this crossroad, like how do I, how do I cross over is how I feel and learn and try to become, you know, we have Aries. Hmm. I feel like they want to know what you know, they want to learn more about what you know. And I feel like this person wants you to see them as someone who can be, I feel like very, like stand up above board, kind of honest, you know what I mean? But I'm also picking up this really strange feeling with this person. I'm hearing they want to meet your kids if you have kids. Also, if you have any children, if you don't, maybe your pets, they want to like meet your pets. Let me see here. Yeah, I feel like this person has maybe already one or two kids or pets. Okay, yeah.  We have like Libra Taurus. I feel like you've got this person's coming in with some kind of like love offer for you. Definitely. They are like super like you're it for them. They are in love with you. They know that you guys are soulmates. They have to make this decision or they have to cross this threshold. And they know that they have to like they're standing at the cross like, which way do I go? They know that they're making the plans for sure. And I feel like this person wants to be like, I'm hearing, Okay, there's that you two song I will follow, they will go wherever you want. They will go wherever you go. They will follow you. And they will learn whatever you want them to learn, like your side of things, you know, what your beliefs are. Because I feel like they're different. And I mean, that's pretty profound. If somebody is willing to make grand or major changes in their life to be with the person that they love, it's not changing. They're not changing who they are. But they're willing to live their life. I feel like to come into union with you, whatever that takes for them. There's a lot of passion here. I mean, this person gets super excited when they think about you. And they I feel like with you, they see this potential for growth and major change in transition in the relationship, like this person, I feel like they're coming to you. I don't know if you guys live at a distance, you could be like travel have to travel by boat, or across the water. But if I feel like this person is making a decision, is in this process of making decision to come towards you and or to make this change. So it's not like subservient. It's like, I don't feel like it's that it's not that energy. It's more like they just want to be with you. And I feel like this person, don't get me wrong, both you and this person with the Emperor and the Empress seem very secure in yourselves. But this is like a blending. This is like a melding of a life together. So whatever that means, but it feels like this person has to be the one like they know that they have to they will.  Okay, so your person has no intention of letting you go. Could be Tara synergy, but they have no intention of letting you go. They're not giving up on the idea of reconciliation. If you're in separation, this person is very, I want to say they want long term security with you. Absolutely. Like they see their future with you. And only you. You are their soulmate. That is the Six of Cups is always a soulmate card.  You all have always been their person. And they have always known that and they haven't really let anybody else in not to the to affect their feelings the way you have. Okay. And if you like this person, they just see you are such a kind hearted person, you're very forgiving, you're very loving, you're very warm, just very sincere type of energy. And they love that about you. This person is very like protective of their own heart as well.  So there's this there's a mirroring effect. similarity. Yeah, look, so definitely five of pentacles. I mean, this person, if you're struggling, they want to struggle with you. There's a there's a strong energy here of I feel like this person, they feel your pain. So when you are sad, they feel your sadness. And they want to do something about it. They want to help. They want to take the lead. Even if they have to struggle with you, they want to be the one to get you both through it. They're willing to have that that that sacrificial energy about them in a lot of ways, whatever that means, you know, they don't want you to struggle alone. They don't want you to be even financially struggling alone. They want to contribute, they want to help. It's so funny because here's the lovers and it's funny because at first I was like soulmate sounds like a twin flame. So I mean, this person, I don't know if they even know what twin flame is. They might just say soulmate because you know, that's what the general population says, not many people really understand the twin flame. But this might be more of a twin flame, but in a very positive kind of energy, you know, a lot of lessons learned as always with the twin flame relationships. But there is a little bit of a soulmate connection here as well, as far as like the mirroring effect, but it can be twin flame as well. But I feel like this person is truly in love with you, or at least just has a very deep loving, loving feelings for you. Gemini energy here. This person is pretty clear minded about who you are and who you are to them. There's definitely sacrificial energy here with this person. I mean, if you if you tell them to tattoo your name on their leg, they would do it. If you tell them, like if you just make those suggestions, you know, you tell them to shave their head, they probably do it. I just feel like this person has like, um, they look at you all the time. Like they're always looking at you, either your photographs or just you catch them staring at you. They're always looking at you while while I feel like you are always kind of like looking up to the angels and spirit.  They try not to keep you out of their sight. Watching you looking at your pictures, like their vision field is strictly you. You know, unless they're they have other something else going on, but it always defaults back to you. And I feel like this person, they definitely want to be skin to skin with you for sure and make love to you as much as possible. Like if they had a day or a week off, they would just keep you in bed with them and not can just order food in and watch TV, watch movies and just love and play and have a good time together and just they want to soak up so much of your love is so much of your time and your energy and just feel you and be there and be in your presence as much as possible.  Okay. But they have a lot of regret and remorse right now as well. Now, why is that? There's a bit of sadness connected to this person. I think they feel like you don't really love them or that you or you don't feel the same way as they do. Yeah, they're not sure. 901s with the five of cups. Somebody could be 59 years of age or born in 59. This person is they feel a bit uncertain about how you feel about them.  They feel like there's an inconsistency in the relationship. Whatever that might mean. They feel like you have boundaries up or you have walls up and you do not want to that you're not sure of them, but they're but they're mirroring that energy. They kind of I get a sense that this person might also understand that you have had loss in your past or you've had loss, you know, yeah, in your life, or you might be grieving a loss at this time. They understand that and they also don't want to push or they understand that you might feel sad about something or that you've had struggle. They don't want to push. They don't want to they want to give you the space to grieve or to go through or deal with your emotions and your feelings. Man, I feel like this person's really like they really love you. And that's love like love is giving space. Love is giving time and energy and and space is time. But they also have a little bit of doubt about whether you have any reciprocal feelings for them. They're not so sure, but they're hopeful. And they're not going to like this person tries to maintain a sense of positivity. Remember, they stay optimistic about whatever's influenced you in the past that led you to where you are now or whatever might have happened and whatever happened to them. This person keeps a positive mindset about you. Even when they feel like there's uncertainty or even when they feel like maybe you don't love them.   I feel like they do they do question though the times when you have just maybe cut them off or gone ghost. They do question. And it I feel like it did hurt or it does hurt if you're currently doing that right now. If you're going through something tumultuous emotionally, and you have maybe a tendency to lash out a bit. You know, they prefer not to take it personally. They prefer to look at and say Virgo must be feeling like really something's going on. Like they've there's a there's an intuitive understanding and compassion with this person. I know somebody might like me, I don't know who this is, but I sure hope that this is somebody new. And maybe it is it could be. So keep that mind. Okay. This could be after you've met somebody new. So let's just, you know, finish the story here. I feel like this person, rather than lash back out at you, or look at your words, they look deeper into your soul, into your feeling of question why, even though it would have hurt to say certain things that you've said, or you say to them, they tried to look at where it came from.  And they know who they are. Okay, yeah, so they prefer to sit here with patients. They know that you guys will kind of blend your energies again, going forward. But I feel like they're being very patient and trying to be with temperance, just calm, not react. They're tempering themselves.  And maybe in order to protect your feelings when you're feeling hurt or sad, you get angry. And they understand that. And yet they still love you. And they're not giving up on you. And this person, like they're not gone. If they if they if it feels like they're gone, if you guys are in separation, you know, if you already know them, they're not really gone, they're just giving you space. And if you don't know this person, yeah, so that would be like their temp you guys are temporarily separated. And if you if this is somebody new that you meet at the rest of August into September, it's going to be the same energy, something might occur. And then you guys kind of take, you kind of like temporarily separate a little bit, but they won't be gone. Okay, so this is kind of an energy with this person, like, they want to give you they want to give you that emotional space, they definitely don't want to be a target for any kind of anger or lashing out or sarcasm or anything or because that will just make the relationship worse. They just want to they're backing off, or they will be backing off to just give you time to heal or to sort some things out or however you're feeling, even if you feel like you're angry with them, they still want to give that space and just kind of, yeah, let everything come to a peaceful place, let everything calm down. Get into like this, like there's a retreating energy here, they they this person just does not like any kind of confrontation. They don't feel it's healthy for your relationship. They don't necessarily feel like bickering is unhealthy, but like huge confrontation. Things that can be destructive to the relationship, this person has a tendency to just kind of walk away, or, you know, take the phone off the hook. So quote unquote, just kind of back off. They they go to get to their peaceful place. Because they don't they love you that they don't want to fight back with you. They don't want to get into the ring with you, not because they feel like you'd win, but because they love you, and they don't want to hurt you. They don't want to punch back because they love you. This person does not believe fighting with the one they love is a sign of loving them. They believe that not fighting with the one they love and giving them space and time and peace and not getting into the ring with them is loving them. Okay, yeah. And for them, it's about doing the right thing. I feel like this person wants to do right by you. This is how they do it. This is how they take care of you. This person is, it feels like with justice card, that's labor and energy even has such terriers. Here, I feel like this person is they're all about like win-win solutions here. This person does not want to contribute to any kind of struggle that you might have in your life, right? They have a I don't this is super I don't know if this person's got toxic positivity or what, but they are super, super positive about you. Like this is someone who's just not going to give up and is going to stand by you with justice here and will always be fair and do the right thing when it comes to you. I know some of you are going to be like, oh, it's a simp. Well, I don't think so. I don't see this person being that way at all. I feel like this is a very brave, strong type of person that isn't afraid to that isn't someone who will give up. You're kidding. That's confirmation. There you go. There's a strength card. Yeah. This person, they are not they don't come across to me as someone who's weak at all. Very strong, a strong love, very strong love, Leo energy here. I mean, this I feel like this person, they understand self love, they understand unconditional love, they understand the courage to love takes it takes a lot of courage to love. It's not for the week. And for someone to keep loving and being compassion towards another person, no matter what, even through the complex of the relationship, the complexities of the relationship to still be strong enough to love that person takes extreme power. And just that's love. Love is strength. Love is courage. And I feel like if I go if you have like, like if you guys have arguments at times, this person could work in the dental office also, or somebody could. If you have arguments at times or like the mouths are going, you know, the strength card, it's like the angel is here to just kind of like, keep the arguments down to a minimum. I feel like this person has like this type of angel energy around them as well, that they don't, they want to talk, they want to communicate. They don't want to, they don't want to get into like a verbal match, or a verbal match of wits. Is that the word? They don't want to get into like a whole tit for tat kind of thing. They just want to talk. They want you to talk to them. They want you to just open up and freely express your feelings. Despite how you might feel like they will take them. It doesn't matter.  This person, they are committed to you 100% their heart is committed to you 100%. Like I said, this is somebody who will, you know, follow you.  They will, they want that too. If you are single, if you guys aren't really, maybe you're just friends, it could be a situation like that. But this person is definitely single. And they're single, and they're committed to you. I mean, that is such devotion. They're completely devoted 100% devoted to you and only you. No matter what, you might think that they're messing around. I don't see that at all. I feel like this person is just there's a king of swords here. Gemini Libre Aquarius. I feel like this person is just they're up in their head. When it comes to other people, they're doing business, they're working, they're talking to other people, it's strictly business for them, with others, with other singles, other people that they talk to, it's strictly business. It's work related, it's career, it's stuff like that. If there's another, you know, if they are the masculine and there's a feminine, it's strictly business and vice versa. There's communication. Yeah, they talk to other people. But there's nothing romantic. Not even the higher funds romantic. They're completely in their heart, committed to you. And yeah, like they are absolutely they have full clarity. They're fully clear about that. There's no guess. There's no guessing game with them. Like, I don't know, Virgo, maybe you don't feel you don't know or you don't understand. They just don't understand how you feel about them. They're not sure if you feel the same way. They are very sure how they feel about you, though, that how much they love you and whatever you're going through, they want to be there for you. But how are you feeling?   But you seem to be you have a little bit of I guess, is it aggression? I mean, you want this person I don't understand what's going on here. What is this energy? Oh, okay. Virgo, you want it now and this person is not moving very quickly. I feel like you might be kind of angry at them or maybe just impatient. The night of sorts. I'm going to say that. I don't know that you're angry. But the night of sorts is very impatient. The night of sorts does not wait. You want this person to speed it up. You want them to speed it up. They're so slow. You feel like they're so slow. They may not be. We, you know, we don't know. But you feel like I mean, you could have just or you might be that way. If you meet them going forward, like your energy I see is kind of like, No, I want this now. No, come on, hurry up. It's only we've been dating for a week. When are you going to commit? Like, I'm just kidding, Virgo. I'm not making fun of you. But I do feel like you're in a rush to get to the night of cups. Like you're in a rush to kind of get to the finish line or, you know, get your wishes and having these wishes come true. You know, having these complete contentment. Virgo's like, Come on, let's go. Make that lifestyle change. Come on. Come on. Come on. And they're doing it.  It's just, they think that I'm going to tell you why they feel like you might not, why you might not. Okay, hold on. They think you don't love them because you're not being patient. You're not willing to wait or to just take your time. Yeah. I saw this at first and then I started shuffling again and then it flipped right back out to 10 of sorts.  If you, if they don't hurry it up and that you're just going to betray them. That's why they're uncertain. They think you're more, more interested in getting to the finish line than you are taking the time and enjoying the time together. So they believe that you're going to leave them. That's where that uncertainty is. Even though they're still here, even though they love you and they're not going to give up on you and they're never going to give up on you and they truly do are like they are like they have a heart for you heart, heart, heart. They, they think that you're in such a rush just to secure the relationship that you don't even know them or that you aren't really there for them. That might not be true Virgo. Okay, so don't get your panties in a bunch. That might not be true but that's how I feel they are seeing it. That you're not really interested in them. You're just interested in the relationship. You know, you're interested in having the house built rather than what's inside the house.  Even though I feel like this person, they truly have a heart for you. They are truly interested in you. What do they love about you Virgo? Gosh, right?   Mr. and Mrs. Roboto, Roboto, a little bit of that, which I don't really know what that means, maybe a lack of heart because there is, like you keep your emotions deep inside, but you are also someone who is very nurturing. You have a service kind of thing about you.  They love that you have that compassion and that tolerance and empathy. They see it in you, absolutely. And that's a rare thing to see nowadays. They don't, I don't feel like this person often sees that deeply in others, but they see it in you. And that is right there why they love you. That right there is what they love about you. That right there is why they are not giving up on you because that's a rare thing to have a compassionate, loving, empathetic heart for others. That's all they need.  Those are all very superficial things. This is about your character and your character. What they see is this beautiful heart. Chew, chew, chew, chew. So yeah, I mean, Virgo, there's the judgment card. So there's definitely a purpose to this relationship. Somebody's going to awaken up soon about this, maybe hopefully, or this will all come to the surface. This awakening about this, the love here. I feel like maybe more so for you, the understanding, you know, love, we've got that love where we're up in our ego about love and then we've got that true love and that's the scary, that's the scary love where we're vulnerable and we're compassionate with others and we could get hurt and there's that risk. That's the love, that's the love, the love love, that's not the ego love, that's not the, what have you done for me lately, love?  I feel like that's the lesson here to be learned is that, that agape love that nobody's perfect, but I love you anyway, or that even if I'm angry with you, I never stop loving you, that kind of energy. So that's, that's something, that's a message, that's a message. Okay, let me see what the message is. I've got another message of love here. Okay, so there might be an addiction affecting this relationship as well. Somebody needs to look at their addiction. Okay, you also have intuition, so you already know the answer that you seek. Okay, so this person is unavailable to give you all you deserve at this time, and I think I explained that why, is because, okay, maybe they have an addiction, there's an issue going on with them, but I also feel like perhaps they're unavailable, or will become unavailable, because they don't know what to do, all they can do is just give you some space, and time, and sort out something that you might be going through September into August, or August into September. I make my years go backwards. This one just flew out, so this is past life love. Okay, so this still could be somebody new, but there's this a repeat where it's like a past life situation, you know, when you meet somebody new and there's that, I feel like you've know this person, but it's not you've never been with them before. How can I say this? There's getting a second shot, a second shot, or second chance to do better, and I feel like this person, there's a similarity. You've known them before, you've dealt with this person before with this past life stuff, you've dealt with this energy before, you've dealt with this intense connection before, and them too, and there's lessons here, huge lessons, and so what is that lesson? It's like open up your heart, listen to your heart when he's calling for you, listen to your heart. There's nothing else he can do. I don't know where you're going. I don't know where you've been, listen to your heart before, I forget the rest of the words, sing it, finish it, okay.  Apologies are needed, not just on one side, but also on the other side. It has to be, I don't feel like this is one-sided thing, that's what I'm gonna say, and it's not about blame, but I don't feel like this is going to be, I feel like two people reacting to each other. I feel like one person gets angry and another person runs away, and the person who is taking their anger out on the other person needs to apologize for that, and the other person who's running away from confrontation and not trying to engage or not coming back in a timely fashion to make up or work it out needs to apologize for ghosting, okay. There you go, ghost or to blocked. So that energy, something here playing out for sure. Apologies, yep, no contact, so apology will come in about that. There will be some healing happening with this relationship, especially going into, you know, we're going into the fall season, so the season is changing for sure. Okay, let's see what else there go. Okay, so there's a recovery of financial loss, it's going to be happening. I feel like we just totally shifted gears here. Go with kindness, I'm hearing. Go with kindness Virgo. Fight back if you must, but don't fight. Fight back by not fighting. Fight back by using kindness. Okay, so you got the past returning for sure, and things are going to start heating up. I feel like there's going to be a reconciliation, and there's going to be healing to this. I don't feel like this person is ever giving up on you, so I feel like if you need that security to understand that this person, like they do have, I don't know how many more times they explain it, they have such a heart for you, and it's deep. And I think it's just a matter of patience, needing to be patient, needing to be understanding, compassionate, loving each other, and not, you know, stamping the foot and saying, come on, let's go, let's go, let's go. I think this needs to be more understood at a much higher level, this relationship. Okay, so as far as their feelings go Virgo, my god, totally in love with you. I mean this person will follow you anywhere and do anything. Okay, so year of the pig, year of the tiger, all right, I'm not gonna fish, year of the rooster, year of the horse, year of the goat, year of the pig again, so two pigs perhaps, year of the monkey, and two horses. Okay, don't sweat it, if it's not you, don't worry about this, I mean it's not your message. Alright, another message is for Virgo. Okay, so we have Joanne, Joseph, Jolene, George, it's a Jio, someone might call somebody a Jio, I hear a real Jio, Jax, or Jackson, Jack, somebody likes jazz, I'm hearing, we have the letter S, we have a Z, we have A, okay, I'm picking up Sarah, or yeah, S-A-R, Sarah, Sarah, someone's a sergeant, police, or military, or I don't know, wherever you could be a sergeant, someone likes Vitos, okay, we have the letter P, so someone's born 1977, oh, someone's got a very PG personality, very PG, someone needs parental guidance. Alright, we have Pete, also picking up Pete, Peter, Peters, alright, so picking up September 5th, the 6th, 10th, I'm picking up 1977, 1978, someone is 56, someone's born in 67, 1986, hmm, okay, letter C, I always get a C, Christina, Carol, Carl, Carla, Kelly, Kim, someone at a park, reading a book, someone's at a park reading a book, I see a park, yep, under a tree, are sitting on a bench reading, doing something with books, studying, beautiful day, oh my goodness, weather is just beautiful, I've got some planetary action coming up soon, some really strange weather patterns happening, Kate or Catherine or Kathleen, Cathy, September 8th, did I mention that? I just heard that, again, Ricky or Richard or Ricardo, okay, you guys, I have a special treat for you next week, cannot wait to bring it, okay, PC, somebody has an old PC, uses like an old PC, right, not like, like they have the, like a desktop PC, now they get the whole, the big machine underneath the table, maybe somebody works in computers or there's like a whole bunch of servers, something like that, you know, they don't, it's not a Mac or anything like that, it's like with the big computer box, maybe it's a gaming thing, I don't know if somebody might be like RPG or gaming, does gaming, okay, I'm just hearing Chris, strong Chris, I know I say Christina but I'm hearing Chris and something to do with a frog, I mean somebody likes toads or frogs, have I just heard? I'm just seeing frogs, somebody sees a frog, yeah okay, something to do with frogs, all right let's see, all right Aquarius, Leo, Gemini, Taurus, okay, someone is 61, someone is 23 or 32, number 1710, number 2400, so someone is 50, someone's born in 76, someone, we've got August birthdays, August 28th, August 27th, August 24th, August 23rd, someone is 47, someone is, oh okay, they're giving me 7, 6, 8, 2, also 5032 and 274 and we have cancer twice, another Virgo and Leo and also one more roll, another Virgo again, Virgo twice, Scorpio and a Cancer, okay, so Virgo three times, you could be dealing with one of those signs, this could be your person or so you could be meeting them very soon, this is all about love, all right, let's get your charm and then we're done, what the heck's this, oh wow, that's a new one, all right, I'm just going to say it, go Eagles, so we got an Eagle here, you guys, strong attachment to either the Eagles, it could be a sports theme for some of you or just an attachment to an American Eagle or something to be clothing, somebody wears an American Eagle or an attachment to just an Eagle, you might live somewhere where there's Eagles, you see them or you're watching something on TV like an Eagle's Nest or something to do with an Eagle, okay, I'll leave that there, one more, oh look, you've got the four-leaf clover again, you had that yesterday, that's crazy, so definitely a connection to Ireland or a lucky four-leaf clover, somebody might have that somewhere on their body or they wear a charm or a necklace or something to do with like a four-leaf clover, it's not Shamrock, wait, no it's not Shamrock, it's a four-leaf clover, so there's definitely going to be luck and I'm really hoping for me that that's good luck to the Eagles this year, Philadelphia Eagles you know, that they make it to the Super Bowl, that they win a Super Bowl, that would be fantastic or even just like Philly, the Phillies, halla, that's just me you know, but anyway yeah I'm going to leave your reading there, I hope that that was insightful for you guys, tomorrow I'm going to be back here with your weekend reading, so yeah go ahead and click the link in the description box if you need a personal reading, want to join my only fans, all that great stuff and thank you everyone for the coffee donations, super super awesome, someone made another one yesterday and I'm just like astounded, like coffee for a year and also don't forget please do donate to my two children's foundations, the I'll Rescue which is the linked, it's linked here under the video and or my personal fundraiser Rescue Kids now, link is in the description box, alright you guys, have a great night, love each other, love yourselves, be happy, make a choice as I'll see you tomorrow, bye so many things that I lift, I am safe


Hi, I'm Sandy Allnog, artist and paper crafter here on YouTube, and I have a happy accident card with lots of critters in my nativity scene. Every year I celebrate the purple onion sale, their annual sale today, and this is no different, and I've got the colors here for you that I'm going to be using on this particular card. And it was a giant fail in some ways, but a really interesting experiment. So I am doing a super speed because I don't think anybody's really going to be doing this card. So I'm going to let you watch it in full speed and I'll tell you what happened, how I wrecked it, and how I recovered from it and what I've learned, because it might be helpful for you as well. I was planning on this being, of course, on drawing paper. It's stamped onto Stonehenge, which is my favorite new drawing paper that I just think is pretty spectacular. And I grabbed a pack of pencils out of my drawer. I thought it was grabbing my Luminance pencils. I had forgotten that recently, well, not too recently, a couple of months ago, I guess that's why I forgot it because my brain doesn't hold things anymore like I used to. But I forgot that I had switched around some of my pencils in their cases and I just jumped in. I was in a hurry and I just started coloring because I had stamped this like a week or two before and was waiting to get to it. I was excited to color this one because I really wanted to draw the manger in the center and teach you how to draw a little manger. And I did not look at the pencils and I actually have watercolor pencils in my hand instead of regular pencils. Now you can use watercolor pencils in a pencil type of way. And that's what I started doing, even though I realized, oh, my gosh, I've totally screwed this up and I'm not using my regular pencils. These are the Museum Accorals. I'm doing my techniques the way I would do if I were coloring this in regular pencils, where I try to do some of that blending ahead of time before I get out any blending stump because I love that pencil texture. I love keeping some of that. So I often will decide whether or not I'm going to add more blending and stuff later. But I was trying to keep my pencil kind of working really nicely right around here was where I discovered, oh, wait, these are the watercolor ones because I looked at one of the pencils and saw that it said Museum Accorale on it. So there you go. Now I'm I'm in the process in my head of deciding what I'm going to do with the fact that I grabbed the wrong pencils.  And I cut off the bottom of the body kind of flat. So it looks like that bottom part is coming toward you a little bit and then added fringe around the edges just two feet underneath of the manger. It's a nice simple way to make a manger if you've got other stamps that you want to have facing around a little manger to the baby in there. But I decided, OK, I'm not working on watercolor paper, but I'm going to see what happens if I use a baby wipe to move the color. I do this in my Bible journaling a lot because I don't want to put a lot of water on the paper. And I thought, well, I don't want a lot of water here either. So what's going to happen if I actually use the baby wipe here? You do have to be really careful.  But what I did find is these pencils lifted nicely. So if I got a little bit into a more white area, I could actually lift up some of it with the baby wipe. I started using the brush there just a little bit on the red and realized that I didn't want to do that quite yet. I'd wait until the end and see if I could do most of this without using a brush because it's drawing paper. I didn't want it to get all curled and warpy and I was worried I'd bring in too much water with the brush, which is the same reason for not using a brush very much when I'm doing watercolor in my Bible because the baby wipe moves the color. Pardon me, without putting in too much of the water. I'm using some sticky notes for some very simple masking because I thought it would be fun to put a barn scene behind them with a little window. And I was pretty impressed with the texture that I was getting using the baby wipe to move the watercolor pencil around. Now, the colors that I'm using, the Museum Aquarelles and the brand that it is, it's a high quality watercolor pencil. If you're using intense pencils or something, I'm not sure if this will work because you need to really be able to move the colors in there. Some of the less expensive pencils, watercolor pencils may not do quite as well at this. I'm not really sure. I didn't test anything else. I just kind of was trying this one since I had it halfway done here and I didn't want to waste the stamping on this paper. And it was really curious to see what would happen and was really pleasantly surprised that this actually started working and I was waiting for the paper to curl up on me, though, at some point. I wanted a blue sky up here. So I just used a couple of baby wipes to mask that out. Look at that nice crisp edge. And I left white on the left and the bottom to indicate that there's light coming in the window, adding a little bit of detail, just some sketchy detail into the the wood wall on the back, not going to put a whole lot into it. And then I started adding more concentration of color in my animals. And what I found was that the color got darker and heavier and put out more pigment if it was a little bit damp. As soon as the paper started to dry, it didn't put out quite as much. But as long as I kept it damp, I could put in really heavy color and get some really nice contrast. For the hay on the bottom, I wanted to keep some texture. So I started kind of making crisscross hash lines and stuff all around the ground area, knowing that I was going to use the baby white to blend the outside. I was only going to leave some of those lines in certain areas and then layer more of them. So I softened that and then added more lines over top because I knew now that the dampish paper was going to take the pencil a little bit more and I was going to be able to get more dark color and so that it could radiate out and get darker around the outside edges. The paper is trimmed kind of significantly bigger than what I'm going to be using for my card. So I do have lots of room on the outside edges to trim it down.  I did put my star too high because when I cut things off, the star ended up kind of a little high in the window. But there you go. And I went in and finished a few last details after I got it all glued onto the card base and started using the brush just slightly, just a tiny little bit and then a few extra details with my pencils to add just a few pops of contrast here and there. It was easier to do that once I had the whole thing stabilized on the card base and had the whole thing kind of laid out nicely and was able to add then extra shadow right underneath of the little manger and give that a little bit more contrast right underneath because even though the glow feels like it's coming from the manger itself, it wouldn't it would have a shadow underneath. And so now I'm just going to add a little bit more around baby Jesus. And there you go. There's what it really looked like. The video did get a little washed out, but it was fun to do as a fun experiment, tried something different using watercolor pencil on drawing paper. And as long as you don't use a ton of water, it kind of has some fun effects to it. The texture is just really interesting. So there is an experiment. I hope you have a great shopping day. It is Black Friday. You know how that goes. I'm going to have as many links as I can find to sales and things on my blog. So link in the doobly-doo to that. And I will see you all later. Bye bye.


Hello friends, I am Sanjay Gupta. In this video, I am going to demonstrate you how you can find out largest number among array using recursion in C. Before starting, you can subscribe my YouTube channel by clicking on the link which is available at bottom right corner of this video. You can download my app Techimage that is available on Google Play. You can connect with me by following these details which are available in front of you. Now coming on to the code. You can see I have implemented a code for you. Here header file stdr.h is included. Then a function is declared which is large. It is having three parameters. The first one is integer array and second and third are integers. Its return type is int. So this statement is function declaration. Then main function is defined. It is having variables size equals to 10. Largest list. It is an array and I then using printf. I'm going to display a message enter 10 numbers on console. Then with the help of this for loop 10 numbers will be entered by the user and those numbers will be stored inside this list array. Then first element of list array is assigned into largest variable. This line number 12 is function call. Here large function is called first argument list array is passed then size minus one value is passed. So it will pass nine and largest which is the first element of array will be passed and the resultant value which is the largest among entire array will be available in this largest variable. After completion of function definition execution this printf will print the value largest on console. After this main function definition of large function is defined. This block is function definition. Inside this block if or else condition is available. This is base condition. If this condition is true then these statements will be evaluated in these statements list of size. This list is an array. It will be compared with largest variable. If list array value is greater than largest variable then list array variable which is available on a size index will be assigned into largest variable. And then return statement is having recursive function call. So this statement is containing recursive function call to large function. So this large function will be called again and list size minus one and largest value will be passed and then this recursive process will begin. If this condition is false which is size greater than minus one then control will be transferred to this else statement which will return the largest variables value to the main function. And then that value will be printed on console using printf statement. So if condition if condition is true then recursion will take place. If this condition is false then recursion will be terminated and the result will be displayed on console. This way we can calculate or we can find out largest value from an array using recursion. Now I am executing this code. It is asking for 10 numbers. So I am entering 10 random numbers so that we can identify largest value. You can see the largest number in the list is 9 which is correct. So this code is printing correct result. This code is implemented with the help of recursion in C so that we can find out largest value among an array. I hope you have understood this code properly. If you want to watch more programming related videos you can subscribe my YouTube channel. Thank you for watching this video.


I had heard of many stories and rumors that there was a secret get-in story behind the Willy Wonka story, but I had never really believed him. I thought of them as nothing more than mere jokes and or fan fiction.  I never took anything like that seriously and just thought them to be things people with active, albeit creative, minds have come up with. To me, the Wonka story was nothing more than a happy and innocent story made for children to enjoy. At least that was what I thought until the day I decided I would actually find a way to find out for myself. I decided to mail someone who was once acquainted with Gal. I was told not to give anything about this person away, just to see if any of this was true. Considering nearly everyone had said something about this story, obviously having some sort of subtext about it, I thought I would check to be sure. I was told in the mail, and I quote, You seem interested in this subject. Many people prefer to speculate, but you are the first one who seemed genuinely curious. Seeing as you want to know as much as you do, I will send you a tape in the mail. Check it within a week. It was a couple days or so later when the tape finally arrived. It had the words, the true story of Willy Wonka, written on it in black marker. The only other words on it were a copyright dated 1963, a year before the book had come out. At first, I thought this was strange, considering VHS tapes were not around back then. Then it occurred to me that it was possible it had been on film and put on tape later. So I stuck the tape in and played it, after rewinding to make sure. It started out a bit odd. For one thing, it immediately went into the title, taken directly from the first edition book cover, with no fade. It just sort of popped in, causing me to jump.  Anyway, it went on to the credits and showed names I had never seen before. The only names I was able to recognize were dolls, patrician eels, and some guy named John Black. It kept looping back to the name of the animation checker about 15 times. I genuinely thought there was something wrong with the tape. Right as I went to take it out, it popped immediately into the outside of the house of the buckets with the camera zooming in. The art style was really weird. It was black and white and had an odd misty cloudy look about it, cross-hatched. There was a deep male voice that seemed most likely to be the narrator, but his voice was in horrible quality. It was muffled and at such low volume that I could barely make out a word he was saying. It cut inside the buckets house and the misty cloudy look was even weirder here. The people moved all waver-like and wouldn't stop moving, much like those old Zelda CD-i games, but the shading was cross-hatched, which meant there was a lot of extra movement. Sometimes it was hard to make out what was going on. The characters behaved oddly. It seemed Charlie was either gay or highly effeminate as he spoke with a girly voice and spoke up his love for dolls and princesses. And it seemed everyone feared Grandpa Joe. We find out later that he was involved in World War I and it is never explained how, but it seems clear he was responsible for ending it. Charlie's parents also displayed odd behavior. The dad seemed depressed and the mom seemed paranoid and suffered from some major form of obsessive compulsive disorder. The other grandparents never spoke at all. From here on it is not too different from the book except for the characters and the fact that Charlie sings songs about his dress he wishes to wear. The story about Wonker is also slightly different. Apparently he is a Grinch and happened to appear out of nowhere, suddenly owning an impressive factory that no one saw built. It seems here no one worked in his factory nor did it ever have any problems causing it to shut down. But when Charlie finds the ticket it happens halfway through the finding. Also we don't see any of the other kids giving their interviews as they win. And the message on the ticket found in the book or any other film adaptation is absent. In fact the ticket is blank. No mention of it being gold but it's black and white so it is hard to tell anyway. So anyway the big day came and everyone is waiting at the gate. It's very similar to the book version except there are six kids and Charlie is wearing his dress and the lines spoken by the people are slightly changed from the book halfway through. There are talks of Wonker being a Grinch, how his factory got there and how they got made. And there is a story about Prince Pondicherry's death having died drowning in Wonker's chocolate palace. They talk about more stuff but then it seems the wind picks up drowning them out though nothing is ever seen blowing. There's just a sound effect of a howling wind. Then there are bells that chime for when it is time for the gates to open just like the book. Surprisingly I can hear it over the loud howling wind but it gets me that the chimes are not church bells like the book describes. They are funeral bells. Very weird. But this is not the weirdest part. The weirdest part is Wonker himself. When the doors swing open you can see a dark shadowy figure stand at the doorway and then Wonker comes out of the factory hopping and prancing. He certainly does not appear human though it is somewhat hard to tell due to the style of cross hatching and the lack of color. Again this isn't the weirdest part. The weirdest part is his eyes. He had a reptilian stare that quite literally sent shells down my spine. His hair kept moving not because of the constant motion and cross hatching it just moved like he was underwater. The wind was even louder now as he pranced and hopped down towards the gate. Once he arrived he spoke. Strangely I could hear his voice loud and clear even though the cheering and talking from the audience was barely audible. His voice was high like explained in the book but not the kind of high voice I expected. He sounded like Michael Jackson speaking seductively. As normal the kids had to show him their tickets which he stuck down his pants then they walked inside. It wasn't that different from the book from here on except for when they started down the hallways which looked like demented timbered style artwork. They kept getting more narrow and kept sloping down more and more the further they went. They also seemed to twist more as they entered each new hallway. The weird part is that there is no dialogue here except a line from Veronica about needing to use the loo which her father tells her probably won't happen until the end of the tour. There is also a slow rising of the howling winds from earlier. I found it strange that such a thing would appear inside the factory. They entered an even more twisted and loop looking hallway with funeral bells chiming once again. The odd thing is that the art style once they entered this room had changed completely. While still remaining cross-hatched and wavery animated it now fully looked like something timbered it might draw. The narrator from earlier also returned but he was somewhat clearer. I could tell it was the same voice clip from earlier as I recognized a few of the same inflections. Oddly he didn't seem to have been talking about the buckets like I would have expected for the intro. I still found him hard to make out but I managed to catch a few words such as Grinch, Wonka, and he went on to something about being plumpus. At this point I had goosebumps. I actually did not want to know what he was trying to say here but I was still very curious. Then everything got interrupted by a long message found on a black screen with white text. The writing was in another language. It looked like an odd mixture between Greek and Korean but somehow managed to look like black at her ITC font. There was no sound at all here. Everything was in total silence though the howling winds show up abruptly a couple minutes in. I expected it to return to the show here but it went on a few more minutes before it returned back to the show. They continued to walk through the twisted halls, this one looking particularly messy with shadowy figures of Wonka and the gang walking through. It changed to a side view and everyone was still black and shadowy and Wonka was still hopping down until an abrupt change as the funeral bells sounded again. Then he was walking slowly. The way he was walking reminded me very much of the undertaker from WWF specifically in his Ministry of Darkness days. Other than the obvious, what was also freaky about it was the fact that it happened abruptly with no transitional frames. There was, again, no dialogue aside from one of the kids, I assume a girl, saying, I don't like this daddy. Suddenly they walked through into the chocolate room, no door or entrance, they just walk in. All sound is gone and each one that actually shows up is distant and echo-y. When they get here it starts to get really strange. The room looks eerily identical to the one in the 2005 Tim Burton film adaptation and is not cross-hatched but in what looks like a black and white painting style. The Chocolate River. This is one of the more unsettling moments because the river looks like real blood, the only colored element in the entire film. Not blood done in realistic style, but as though someone actually dipped a brush into a cup of blood and ran a brush across those parts. What made it more unsettling is that its textures would change slightly with each frame. Quite unsettling because how were they able to get so much blood to make up each, possibly, 700,000 or more pieces of paper? But that isn't the weirdest part, it gets worse. The room doesn't seem to function like normal as one girl is not introducing anyone to the room nor showing them around. He suddenly starts speaking about the Oompa Loompus, a group of black pygmies he had smuggled from Africa. Illegally, he adds. They are then shown, but the unsettling part is the fact that, unlike in the book where they are happy, cheerful and always singing and laughing, they look miserable. Additionally, each time they look at one guy, they look terrified, they give him a look that basically says, please don't kill me. I actually heard one say that, though I couldn't quite tell if he said kill as he was far away and was sobbing. It had more of the sound of ack rather than kill. The camera from this point stayed at a bird's eye view. One guy then yelled angrily at the Oompa Loompus with a ridiculously loud voice. It was loud, high pitched and screechy. I couldn't even understand him, he could have been speaking in another language for all I know.  But then it continued to get worse. By the end, what he had ended up saying about them was just plain abysmal, as well as slightly terrifying. I won't even repeat it. It was so bad that even a white supremist would be offended by it. Now I am also not that super sensitive, politically correct type that thinks blacks can do no wrong. Not racist either, but even I was distraught about what he had said. The salts were revealed to be racists, not surprisingly, but even they were offended. Anyway, the old Viking boat arrived, but it had some odd reptilian designs about it. The gang got in and I heard Virunka say, Daddy, I want lots of things, but I do not want a dreadful boat like this. But that was all I could hear. The gang did talk, but their voices were drowned out by a group of crying oompa loompas and the overly loud sailing of the boat in the chocolate, blood, river. They ended up going through a dark tunnel and it was very close to the one in the film with Jane Wilder. You know, that psychedelic tunnel ride? But I could barely make out what any of them were as the style made everything look so convoluted. Virunka commented about her underpants being drenched in pee. The sixth child was another girl who spoke some of violence lines from the film. What is this, a freak out? I was absolutely baffled as to who this was though. I also noticed Augustus was gone, though I assumed he fell into the chocolate river. Anyway, Wunker sang his rowing song, like in the film, though he sang it closer to how Marilyn Manson sang it but with extra vibrato. The fast and rich ass music from the intro shows up once again. It seems odd and out of place. I kept seeing the letters JB pop up in the background. John Black. And then the images become clear. The background images show oompa loompas crying and some are singing something in some kind of African language. Then Wunker sang starts turning into some kind of bizarre language. It sounded like some kind of Yiddish chant until halfway through where it starts to have a slight hint of German in it.  Then it pauses right on his face for a few minutes and the funeral bells return. The narrator from the beginning shows up again, but halfway through rather than starting out from the beginning. His voice is now very clear. He mentions the oompa loompas being illegally smuggled from a deep dark forest in Africa, and what peaceful lives they lived, but there was shocking mention of horrid things Mr. Wunker did to smuggle them. Again I will not repeat them. He is about to speak about what happened to them and how the factory got there, but it immediately skips to a room where I can barely make out anything going on. Had no one said anything about it I would have never guessed it was the inventing room. From here on it just keeps skipping to different rooms, a child disappearing each time. Here however, it seems no one knows how they disappear. The sixth child, I still don't know who she is, but I think I heard someone refer to her as Miranda, unless that was the name of one of the parents, who are mostly unnamed in the book, but I am pretty sure they were referring to this mysterious sixth character. At least she spoke when the name was said, but there were funeral bells here, so it was hard to hear if she responded to them. Anyway, the last room they appear in features Wunker making sick powder. This sixth girl does not seem very pleased about it. Wunker gets extremely angry about this and shouts and really right in her face. Once again, loud, screechy and unintelligible. The fact that it was not distant made it even worse. It sounded so loud it even echoed through the room. Then the girl runs inside the door to where it's being made. Then it cuts to Wunker's face slowly zooming in closer and closer. He has a huge rapish grin about him. Very spooky. I hated to keep looking, but I had to see what was to come so I reluctantly did so. Some weird noises that resemble one of those creepy background sounds. Music, you hear on something like the history channel. Maybe you know what I am talking about, or heard, but they are kind of muted and muffled sounding. Wunker's face, once it zooms closer, starts to show some disturbing texture that looks kind of reptilian.  Then everything goes silent as the black screen with white text appears once again, as last time, half Greek and half Korean.  It was clearly a different chant than last time. Then it showed hints of German in it, albeit more so than last time. The text then flickered to an English translation, but it happened way too fast, too fast for me to stop it and read it. Then it went back to where it was and it was a still picture of the group standing around the room with nothing but funeral bells being heard. It lasted a few minutes, then it started to go in motion again once the funeral bells sounded. I then heard someone shout, Miranda. So this is her name. Anyway, these two ran off into the room as Wunker stared down at Charlie. Honestly, I had practically forgotten he was here because he was barely shown throughout the whole thing. In fact, Violet and this mysterious Miranda girl were shown the most. I almost felt like Mike and Violet were not even in this one considering their names were never spoken. I had also forgotten that he was in a dress. I probably thought it was Violet or something.  Wunker went on telling him he won, but instead of taking him directly through the great glass elevator or whatever, he told him to wait a minute. He then hopped off into another room. He found every one of the other kids in here except for Miranda. He said something that I did not quite understand. It was English, but it had a rather convoluted meaning. The children lying down on the floor could be heard crying and moaning, similar to the Oompa Loompas. The parents could not be seen anywhere. He then turned on the radio and slowly began to strip. The one thing that gave me goosebumps was what was playing on the radio. Melodically, it reminded me a lot of one of those songs you would hear in an old Mario game when you had to fight Bowser, despite it being in that typical style you often heard during the early 60s such as the Beatles and the Monkeys, but it was one singer only. It also sounded as though the keyboardist did not know exactly how to play it right. But that wasn't the weirdest part, the weirdest part is this. Now it sounded distorted and like an old radio, like it was from the 60s, and it was more in the background so it was a little hard to hear. Also because it wasn't super loud.  It was like a bunch of random names being spurted out, but he obviously seemed to know who they were.  I don't even remember half of them. It took a second for me to sink back into the video as my mind drifted away, absolutely stunned by the music. When I did, I saw one cur take off his shirt and throw it off and then finally slowly drop down to the ground. After that the credits rolled. All sound was gone from here. Appearing again were the odd names from the intro. I kept it rolling to see if anything came on after this, only to find a message placed at the end that seemed to have been put in later, as the look quality and style of it had an early 90s feel to it. It read. Don't let Felicity know. Then the tape stopped. I did not know who Felicity was until I looked it up and found out that was the name of Doll's second wife. As you may guess, I was quite shocked by what I had seen, but also relatively confused about what any of this was. I went and asked the person who had sent me this tape, who told me. Obviously, this was how Doll had originally written the book. He always made films of these books before he wrote them so he could keep track of every idea he had and also check and see if the lines these characters spoke worked outside of just being read. What happened from there and how it ended up the way it was I really do not know. I did not know him long enough. But I started to question the man after I got a hold of this tape. I then asked if this person wanted the tape, but they refused and seemed glad enough to get rid of it, though they did not want it to be gone forever. They still wanted the proof and information to stick around. Ever since I saw this tape, I have been looking around to see if I could get any information on it anywhere, and so far, I cannot seem to find anything.