Hi guys, welcome to my talk. It's really amazing to see so many people here So you guys are ready to get into the dirty details of migrating legacy applications onto shiny new Kubernetes Yeah Okay, cool. I'm Joseph. I'm CTO and co-founder of cure where it's we're a custom software development company from Germany Munich Germany focusing on developing cloud native Applications migrating legacy applications onto a cloud native stack and Today I want to talk you through what we have learned by migrating hundreds of J2 EE legacy systems Onto Kubernetes. I'm the technical lead of this large-scale migration program at our one of our customers It all started with a big bang when curinate a Kubernetes and docker was released open source to mankind and Literally everybody suddenly was available or was possible for them to develop cloud native applications Those applications have common properties like being hyperscalable being really resilient to failures they maybe sometimes have or provide OPEC savings due to a higher resource utilization and more and more ops automation and You can develop at a higher level of speed with shorter release cycles, so These are huge advantages of such cloud native applications and the question is what about legacy applications Applications, can they benefit from cloud native technology and get into these advantages? To answer these questions, I want to take you with me to the journey we had by answering this question for our customer It all began with a brave decision of a major German insurance company's CIO He decided to move Literally every web application onto a cloud native stack Pooh and to make it a little bit more challenging. He also Cancels a contract for the existing data center. It was an on-premises data center Yeah The chief architect took over eager to explore And learn how to migrate legacy applications, which are not Microservices which are not containerized and so on on to a cloud native platform But that needs time So the CIO was very generous and scheduled one year to finish the migration Tell you afterwards how many applications and whether they proper their properties so but the CIO also raised Some priorities for the migration project the top priority is to increase the security level as it the applications are Migrated from a very trusted so on on-premises data center on to potentially a little bit untrustier so on public cloud infrastructure and So security was a major concern shortly followed after Time It was important to hit this schedule and to migrate those applications within one year and Yeah, he also wants to save money and the migration cost shouldn't be that high These were his priorities So that's how we started eight months ago So today I can talk a little bit about this what we have learned the last eight months and what will probably happen the next four months as Doubts are the death of each Ambitious project. We also decided to be as brave as the decision itself But we also had some impediments Had to overcome But we learned a lot and so In the following slides, I want to present you What we've learned about the good the bad and the ugly of migrating legacy applications onto Kubernetes Let's start With the good things Completely ignoring the principle of not putting the low lights at the end So I start with the highlights the good things and decrease I will decrease a little bit further on By the way, this picture is proudly presented by the Bavarian Ministry of economics tourism and beer So what has been the good parts first The first task was to gain visibility and Yeah, the outcome was quite good Because we started with a very naive approach. We wanted to architect the cloud We thought about the target architecture at first We thought about how to slice and mesh microservices We thought about how to package and distribute these microservices into containers and how to dynamically execute them on the cloud The cloud native principles here But then it was a little bit clear that we're not facing a greenfield approach There are a lot of existing legacy applications and we knew Nothing quite nothing about those applications. We had to migrate So our first task was to gain visibility here We started by sending out Questionnaires to all relevant applications to gain first feedback on Our fundamental questions like what's a technology stack they use? So for us it was important what images we should provide What are the required resources and the required amount of resources and to answer this question? How many application will be hard to schedule? on on Kubernetes notes also very interesting part was those applications writing to storage Writing to local storage or writing to remote storage The amount of data written there to decide what storage solutions we should provide Some special requirements like native lips or special hardware like printers or so which is not virtualized typically in a Kubernetes environment and What inbound and outbound protocols are used? What's a protocol stack? Are they TCP level or are those? HTTP protocols are they secured by TLS do they use multicast which is a little bit of problem If you use plain vanilla Kubernetes or do they use dynamic ports to communicate which is also a little bit of problem Then we also asked concerning the ability to execute for the Applications are there any tests? Are there any responsible persons? Maybe are those Applications running out of life? During this year This was a very important question because only with this questions a question 20% of the applications were away from our migration duty And last but not least also important question What client authentication? Mechanisms are used and should be ported onto our cloud solution But this was only the first step afterwards We have written a small code a small program called cloud Eliza and extracted a lot of data sources Which helped us to to? Yeah Doing better decisions there those data sources were the questionnaires were Chira tasks of the migration project were a M tool enterprise application management tool were certain Excel sheets and a very important source for our decision was Static analysis We performed static analysis on all application binaries With the IBM migration tool you can see there which Libraries are used and which JEE APIs are used We used our own Q validator to check some dependencies and We used son a cube to have some quality metrics and all this is integrated into Something we called migration database and we performed analytics on this database. We're using tableau To explore the data there and to answer architectural questions And we also have built a dashboard providing the projects and the management some basic Migration information That's the visibility part Next good thing was our approach to do emergent design of the target software landscape Because a big design up front and analyzing each nitty-gritty detail Would have been very hard and time-consuming so we have to start with a little Little knowledge and improve and improve so we did an emergent design approach here We started Where by playing the divide and conquer game? we had to migrate 400 applications and We divided them into parts one part are The more or less old applications of H between 10 and 15 years All of those applications by the way J2e applications and the more modern ones and we decided to migrate the older ones By an approach re-architecting them and making them runnable on Kubernetes on Amazon web services and the more modern application we decided to Lift and shift them with their virtual machine from the existing data center into Amazon web service into EC2 there Why only those old? Applications at the first step to Kubernetes Yeah, we wanted to do risk front-loading so we're doing the risky parts at the very beginning and they benefit the most of re-architecting them and Those others we put them at the first step Why lift and shift on EC2 and the second step also will be to migrate them to Kubernetes Yeah, after analyzing the migration database. We had a pretty clear view of the source architecture We had to migrate We're coming from 200 monolithic applications Looking a little bit like this They had a broad range of back-end systems and Infrastructure systems integrated. They're using hosts. They're using batch processing file shares LDubs message queuing all that The stack is based on Java 6 On a J2e 1.4 application server. They've built an almighty legacy framework on top of that Hosting the application and a basic HTTP D web layer the inbound traffic is TLS encrypted and This outbound traffic to the back end Was mostly non TLS non encrypted those cases So and we came together with a cloud operations team we came together with the information security officers and designed a target architecture for all those monolithic applications and the target architecture is About to run on Amazon web services on a Kubernetes cluster actually we were using open shift, but only the Container as a service parts. So it's pretty plain Kubernetes there it's based on Docker and JVM 8 J e7 a lightweight application server where to port this Almighty framework Yeah, we put it the legacy out and now it's almighty framework next generation and Yeah, and then there is an important architecture decision up here to split the application into two parts An outer layer part and an inner layer part the outer layer part of the application Is the part which provides? user interfaces external API's and For security reason also has to authenticate and authorize The users and the inner layer application does all those Business logic and backend integration things and there is a something like a firewall in between It's an API gateway And this API gateway checks those three requests from the outer layer into the inner layer if there is a valid token Why well it token Each and every communication here throughout this deck should be TLS 1.2 2-way encrypted and Having an open ID connect identity token as payload So you have your user context in this open ID connect identity token and your your application context in The two-way TLS client certificate And double layered protection there and the API gateway checks this open ID connect token Yeah, and all inbound and all outbound traffic should be TLS 1.2 So now with a little bit of wizardry and some secret source It should be easy to come from 8 to be right for all those applications For us the fundamental decision upfront was Whether when we're migrating from a to be be Should it be cloud friendly or should it be cloud native? application on the right-hand side here and Our decision was that Be our target architecture should only be cloud fan friendly Yeah, being containerized of course, yeah, and we decided here to put the monolith into the container and Should respect the 12 factor apps principles there and this can be of the first step if some Of those applications are thriving towards cloud nativeness This is also the good first step. So But with our migration we targeted cloud friendliness So but if we put the monolith into a container What's running in this outer layer in our target architecture? and our answer and This answer has proven to be right or one on potential right answer is To place an edge service On the outer layer. So we built an edge service and this is the application part residing in the outer layer And the monolith is in the inner layer and there is the API gateway in between and the edge service is responsible to accept incoming requests Which which have diverse user contexts Context there are some user context cookies set headers set client certificates all that and The edge service then is responsible to change those diverse user contexts Into an open ID Identity token and it uses a token provider central service here Which is integrated with all I am so systems and the customer they're more than 10 and Yeah, you can exchange the edge service can exchange those diverse user context to an identity token and he caches them and if there is a request With no user context set He is also responsible for redirecting the user to the single sign-on system to sign on So with the edge service in place all Authentication authorization Tasks are shifted into the outer layer and the rest the user interface is Still in the inner layer. Yeah, of course in in our architecture, but Provided by the edge service at the outer layer Only a short glimpse into the internal structure of our edge service it's based on spring boot and Netflix sole and Yeah, basically is Integrated with the token provider here Next thing is how to Enhance our applications To respect the 12-factor apps principles or some of them and Further architecture requirements on security like TLS 1.2 encryption all the way Yeah, here we learn to love container patterns The basic ones are well described in the paper below by Brandon Burns and David Oppenheimer Yeah, and we used the sidecar pattern which enhances Container application container behavior by a sidecar contained in the same part We used this for log extraction and log reformatting Based on flu and D also for scheduling to trigger hdp requests on the applications For time scheduled tasks. We're using quartz there Used the ambassador pattern Which is more or less a proxy within the communication ranges Used it for TLS tunneling traffic when there is Neighbor system or a back-end system not providing TLS encryption Used as tunnel or ghost tunnel there as ambassador pattern used it for circuit breaking and Also for request monitoring based on linkered to enhance all those features Without changing the application itself It was important to save time and last but not least the adapter pattern To to provide Homogeneous interface of an application to the outer world We used it to yeah to adapt and the configuration mechanism of this almighty legacy framework To Kubernetes config maps and secrets So Kubernetes config maps and secrets were written to files and changed in the format And injected to the other container the last good thing I want to mention is About Kubernetes constraints because initially we thought we'll run into a lot of Kubernetes restrictions on our infrastructure Because those legacy systems behave strange Like our target infrastructure didn't support multicast There were no overlay network supporting this on play in place also We had no read write any persistent volume volume claims available So we're a little bit scared To hit this restrictions and we did for quite a lot of those applications but But cutting this application requirements and Re-architecting these applications not being dependent on Multicast and not being dependent on read write any persistent volume claims led to a better architecture of those applications So we were Okay with this and was it didn't produce that much effort to refactor the apps accordingly So this were the good parts now let's get into the bad side of cloud migration life and Yeah One bad side is state State within the clouds sometimes Microservices suggesting there is no state in applications, but there is state in applications and in legacy applications There is state in a lot of different representations The first representation Is state within databases Here we made our life a little bit easier by letting those databases in In the on-premises data center. We didn't migrate databases to Emerson web services. They were still in the on-premises or they're right now still in the on-premises Data center and we're using them from our monolith in the emerson cloud directly Potential disadvantage here could be that there is more latency, but This wasn't a problem for us as the cloud interconnect in between emerson web services and The on-premises data center was quite good. Yeah, there was nearly no Latency impact there, but where two advantages the application versions on-prem and in the new cloud native platform that can run in parallel which is What is very very good when you launch those applications you can have smooth throwback to the old version and This is also privacy saying as there are Some there's some data in those databases Which should not be in a public cloud At least according to German laws Next state our files File persistent a persistence was used in about 10% of those applications and We restricted it very heavily So we didn't Provide read write any persistent volume claims. We allowed no file rights into containers We Yeah, there was the rule that files files within Persistent volume claims with application data sensitive data They should be deleted after 15 minutes and of course there were no Nars mounts available from the on-premises data center into the Kubernetes platform So the migration tasks for the affected application were to store those files in the database as blob or use Use fdps to store the the files or to to rearchitect Application and not using files anymore So now a very interesting part was how we tackle Session states because all of those applications nearly all of those applications had session states first attempt was to use session stickiness OpenShift somehow provides session stickiness, but in my opinion in our opinion In the cloud where everything fails all the time and is rescheduled every time session persistence is not the way to go Session stickiness sorry is is not the way to go Next step was we considered about session persistence So writing session data Of the application in the existing application database, but the performance impact Here was high because there were many writes and many reads and The application slowed down immensely Another try was using Redis as session persistence mechanism, but Redis didn't provided us with encryption out of the box and Also, we found nobody who wanted to run this separate Redis infrastructure required here So I Got for a session synchronization Not using the application server mechanism here because This application so we used wasn't able to look up the peers within Kubernetes So next try was to use Hazelcast as in-memory data grid to synchronize session state But Hazelcast costs a lot of money if you want to use TLS and session synchronization with TLS and Paying a six-digit amount of euros was not the way to go in our opinion so our final solution was Apache Ignite Using Apache Ignite right now to do session synchronization between those Applications you can hook it up into a J e-server very easily Apache Ignite provides peer look up within Kubernetes Yeah, automatically peer look up a little bit cumbersome, but it works fine and yeah this just for you to mention because this This was three or four engineering days to fix this bug Ignite has an just-in-time compiler bug on the IBM JDK or JBM So some classes have to be excluded there. We had to use IBM JDK Yeah, this is about session persistence. So next thing is about diagnos ability I don't this guy is not relevant here, but I only want to place the superhero of my My childhood in some of my slides Okay so next What's about diagnose ability? diagnose ability is The ability to observe applications and to diagnose them in if they're running in a normal state and It's all about integrating traces metrics and events Yeah, and our first solution was to go for Prometheus metrics fluent D and The EF K stack behind for events and logs and open tracing implementations used Sipkin the first step to analyze traces But then we run into problems because we were not sure if we were able to set up a central solution That scales for all applications It's feasible, but we were not sure if we had enough time and also one instance of Prometheus Sipkin and fluent fluent D is or the EF K stack per application Was too much efforts for the applications So we decided to do an easy move and Now the whole cluster is instrumented by diner trace as application performance Monitoring solution, but it's a place order for any commercial performance management tool Which is pre-integrated with Kubernetes and and suffers the needs here Yeah, so we're not using those fancy cloud native projects here, but It's instrumented this diner trace So next is security Once again my friend We came far We have edge service in place TLS 1.2 two-way and those identity tokens all the way Also security filters enhanced here at the edge service level at the application level. We enhanced it the application by performing client certificate ACLs and token checks and we have egress rules towards the back end to protect Potential malicious containers for accessing all those back ends But there is one thing remaining With a huge problem with certificate management right now three full-time employees Are doing nothing more than scanning where? Certificates are not valid anymore or where is a new need for the certificates issuing those certificates and delivering those certificates to be provisioned into the containers and That's a current state But we want those three full-time employees doing something else by end of next year. So we're looking into solutions like spire or Istio for managing Certificate management on on the service mesh site or using network level policies Based on products like tag era or psyllium or or twist look and aqua To handle this application to application trust thing on the networking level So and finally the ugly parts this line of code is very Resentative for the ugly parts and the hostess pokus the host integration. We saw very Ugly things there how hosts are integrated and so on. It's mostly about cloud enabling cloud aliens there With toxic technology, this is technology, which is not supported and maintained anymore and Especially it was our Almighty legacy framework This almighty legacy framework was developed in the early 20 2000s about five hundred lines of five hundred thousand lines of code and zero test coverage and Yeah, but we managed To do all those migration tasks here We had to do and with our almighty legacy framework to make it an almighty framework legacy framework and G here like The migration to the new technology stack token checks token relays Or modify the configuration mechanism and so on and The strategies we applied was the hard way 70% of the migration was the hard way to migrate manually and increase coverage The other parts were decorate the applications with ambassadors sidekicks or sidecars and adapters and in one or two cases we decided to not migrate certain APIs of the legacy framework and Having the applications to do to migrate to another API Yeah, that's the ugly side. So where are we now? Right now about 100 systems are live on target on OpenShift on MSN web services and Little bit less because 100 will be at the end of the year. Yeah, but right now it's 86 or so 200 systems will be live on target by end of first quarter 2018 and we're Thinking this is possible because after doing some upfront work. We're now launching tens of applications each week and The other 200 systems will be migrated also by end of first quarter 2018 with this virtual lift and shift approach and Will migrate them to Kubernetes? by mid of 2019 or so So but we'll meet the requirements of our CAO that it's done within a year So that what we've learned from our migration it's Not a stupid just put monoliths into containers approach We really tried hard to come as close as possible to cloud friend friendly application principles 12 factors and Also in our opinion we increase the security levels really by an order of make a magnitude At the target architecture So that's all from my side I think now the counter is at zero, but I can propose you I'll be out there For 50 minutes for half an hour and you can ask me any question you want Thanks for your attention


First of all sir, I absolutely loved your speech and enjoyed it. So congratulations. So on the same lines How does it feel to be a TEDx speaker? It's good. It's good. It's something that You know one looks forward to and I'm glad to have had the experience Sir, so as teenagers we're often very apprehensive as to what the future holds for us. So what advice would you like to give us? well The idea is to have fun at this time I think it's really important because you know when you're older you look back at a lot of Memories and it's important that you make good memories at this time. So it's important to make trips with friends and You know with family and and do the things that you want to You know this this is you know youth is a time that It goes by eventually. So it's really important to To do the things that are meaningful to you discover new things build new hobbies have new experiences Basically live life at this point because soon soon you'll be dictated to by the world That that makes complete sense. So so you had an audience filled with people Intently listening to you. So what is this one particular part of your speech that you want them to take home with them? Well, I'd really like them to discover their strengths things that are meaningful to them Things that actually bring them joy and give them the chance to become excellent at what they do and If people can do that, I think I'd be really happy So it is often said that do what makes you happy But people often chase money thinking money will bring them happiness in their life. So what would you like to tell them? Well, I'd like them to look at the research around happiness and research around money and happiness and all the research around Happiness says that well happiness is actually a complex thing. It's not something you can condense into two words of advice Happiness comes from multiple sources money. Certainly is not one of them so I'd asked them to go and Look at the research around happiness. There's a course on course. There are around happiness. They can explore that it'll tell them a lot of things about it happiness comes from Basically doing the things that give you joy and meaning and those could be different things for different people So the idea is to discover all the things that make people feel happiness and and then maybe do more of that So sir today you are in a school, you know met students So how important do you think educational institutions are to find out or help a student develop their strength? Well, I think they can play a very important role and that was what my talk was about I wanted to urge educational institutions to help students discover their strengths and then nurture them So far what has happened is that students discover their strengths through a process of first discovering what their strengths are not So you go through your school and your early career and you do this tick mark exercise of I don't like this I don't enjoy this. I'm not good at this and then you wonder, okay What am I good at and then you finally arrive at your strengths and that's rather late in life So I think it's very important that educational institutions shorten that learning curve and during school help people understand Answer that question. What am I strong at? That is great advice sir. And finally, how was your experience here at TEDxcel Pro? It's been wonderful. I've been made to feel welcome It's been a very very smooth experience. I think the coordinators and everybody have done a marvelous job The place has been done up very well. So it's I think a very professional exercise full marks to everybody who put an effort here Thank you so much sir


Namaskara, I am Dr. Basavaraj Kuntoji, consultant, physician and intensivist, Manipal Hospital, Malaysia. I will be talking briefly about the present third wave of COVID infection that what we are all facing and we are also worried that whether it is a omicron and how does this genomic omicron also behaves. The firstly when the patient starts having symptoms and as a doctor when we start seeing the patients, we will not be knowing what is the genomic sequence of the patient. So hence let me discuss in general about the COVID infection as such and then I will briefly talk about the omicron variant also. As we all know the symptoms are the same, the patients may have the fever, throat pain, cough, body pain, headache or the predominant symptoms and yes we do still see patients who are having loss of smell and loss of taste even in this third COVID wave also. And once somebody starts having these symptoms and signs, then we need to do the appropriate test also especially when we call asymptomatic or mild variant, they generally do not need any further investigations at home but however if they have got mild to moderate infection. What I mean by mild to moderate is if they continues to have persistent fever beyond 1 or 2, beyond the third day, if they start having the oxygen level dropping less than 94 percent, then these patients needs to be subjected for either the biochemical blood test and if required the X-ray or the CT scan after fifth or sixth day of their presentation. And based on their clinical signs and symptoms, based on their oxygenation, based on the X-ray or CT findings, we classify them into mild, moderate and severe category. The coming to the mild category at home, the treatment will remain same as the symptomatic treatment giving them paracetamol if required if this if we suspect there is any bacterial associated infection then the antibiotics can be added, vitamin C and zinc tablet also can be considered. Here we feel in case of mild variant, if they continue to have fever, if they are having, if their age is more than 60 years, if they have got a risk factor such as diabetes, hypertension or any immunocompromised state in them, there is a new world risk which are available in the third wave like these are either we can subject them treatment with either antibiotic, I mean cocktail antibody treatment or a newer drug which has come as mulipiravir, but however we need to consider its risk and benefit ratio also. And even the remdesivir also in few of the very small centre studies also they have used in case of mild variant use of remdesivir. So these are all the antiviral medications which has to be used within 5 days for the mild or moderate cases. According to the moderate or severe cases, these patients need submission to the hospital and the drugs of choice as of now we still continue to use either the steroids or the remdesivir or the anticoagulants and sometimes the IL-6 inhibitor such as tosyllysimab and itillusimab can be used. So these are the various classifications of the COVID presentations what we are seeing even in the third wave. However more and more patients are getting involved especially in our anger age group may be at 20 years, 30 years, 40 years and the elderly individuals also are getting affected and they are requiring more of admissions than compared to the anger individuals. With respect to the prevention of this third wave COVID infection, the general precautions remain the same. I would advise not to travel, I would advise to wear a mask, I would advise not to get into the individuals where there are too many groups of people are there and it is a false belief now that even the patients who are taken a two dose vaccines they are still getting infected with the COVID-19 infection. So hence it should not happen that I have completed two doses of COVID-19 infection. Hence I will not get the third wave of, hence I will not get into the COVID infection in the third wave. So hence even though you have taken a COVID vaccine you should avoid getting into the groups, you should avoid getting I mean travelling and you should wear a mask, you should maintain a safe distance and whenever the symptoms starts you should isolate yourself and get tested from the doctor is what I would advise. Into the Omicron variant as I have told you at the beginning we as a patients or the doctors will not be knowing what is the genomic sequence when they start having symptoms and signs. But only when the genomic sequence is done then it will be confirmed that it is Omicron variant. What we have got an experience from the other countries is that there is high possibility that infection rate is very high there are less chances that it can lead into the severe variety but however there are patients who get into the ICU also, who get into the severe infection also hence the precautions always helps to prevent this infection. As well whenever there is a mild moderate variety when initial symptoms are there it is advisable that you need to consult doctor rather than thinking that I will be alright if I wait for a day or two day. So these are my thoughts and advice with respect to the third wave of COVID infection. Thank you.


Save 10% with my code Bobby10 on raw, organic, grass-fed and grass-finished, freeze-dried organ meats from grassland nutrition. Link in the description box. All right guys, welcome back to the channel. If you're new, my name is Bobby, you guys already have to laugh a little here because the last thing I ever thought we're going to react to on this channel is dinosaurs. Today we're going to watch the video. This is what Islam says about dinosaurs by one Islam productions. Coming from a Christian perspective, I do not believe in dinosaurs. Yes, I am aware we have huge bones laying around everywhere, but then at the end it comes down to interpretation, how archaeologists put those bones together. I personally do not believe that those are dinosaurs like Hollywood shows them to be. With no further ado, let's have a look. So the question always comes, especially for people that believe in creation and things of that sort. What about the dinosaurs that we're here before human beings? Do we even believe in dinosaurs?  Why did Allah create them? Or what do we have to say about them? First of all, the most beneficial aspect when you're speaking about the creation of the animals is that which relates to us. And what that means is that Allah created us as human beings between the angels and the animals. And so you have angels that have absolutely no desire, no will, their sole purpose is to worship Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala, their soul existence is just to worship Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala. And so they're free from those desires. And then you have on the- It's so absolutely fascinating to me personally because this is not what I heard in Christianity. However, this is what I experienced in the Amazon rainforest when I met the shamans and I had my spiritual experiences there. Again, disclaimer here, this is just for educational entertainment purposes. I do not recommend this to anyone. If anything, I urge you to stay away from it because there is more negative that can come to you than positive. It is extremely dangerous. However, yes, I went there and I want to share my experience with you. And again, guys, don't take my word for it. If you think this is just a hallucination, that is your God given right. I personally do believe that those encounters were real. But that is my perspective. And yes, I saw angels. What was surprising to me is that they didn't look like the Catholic descriptions of angels, regular human figures with wings. Quite the opposite. Those beings were made out of pure light and they were gigantic. They were so big. It was unbelievable. But they were made out of a pure light that was coming directly from God. They had their characters. They had their attributes. But at the same time, they were so closely connected to God that they couldn't do their own will. They could only do the will of God. This is truly what I saw. And it absolutely correlates to the Islamic description. On the other side, the animals, on the far end of the other spectrum, the animals who don't have reasoning and don't worship Allah, the way that the angels do.  Ibn al-Qayyim, Rahimullah. No impulse control whatsoever. And we're exactly in the middle. I said, we find ourselves in between. And what that means is if we incline towards our desires more, our unrestricted desires more, then we become like animals. And if we incline towards worship and reason, then we become like the angels. And in fact, as human beings, we have the potential. It is very correct. And when we drink alcohol, then we become like animals. We bring our consciousness down to the animalistic level. There are only two ways. I really have to say this here. There are only two ways for humans to go into the direction of the godly, the divine, or into the direction of the animal. As we'll talk about, as we'll talk, we become like the angels. And in fact, as human beings, we have the potential to be better than the angels. As we'll talk about, when we choose to worship Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, and when we choose to use our reason or intellect in a way that pleases Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, and we have the potential to be worse than animals. Because the animals are not held accountable because of the missing reasoning and things of that sort. And so it's important for us to find ourselves in that spectrum. Where do we fall? Do we fall towards the soul that is at peace, the nafs that is at peace, and nafs al-muqma inna, or nafs al-bahima, the animal-like self, which is just territorial desires, intimacy, and food, and drink, and so on and so forth. Now, when we talk about the chronological order of creation, Islam actually does clearly say that animals were created before human beings. This is established an authentic hadith that the Prophet, peace be upon him, said that Adam, peace be upon him, was the last of Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala's creation. And we'll talk about that, inshallah, going forward. And in that is a sign that Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, has provided everything, has placed everything at our service. That when we come into existence as human beings, Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, has already created the scene. It's already there. Allah, Azawajal, also says in the Qur'an, in Surah al-Luqman, Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, says, Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, said that He created the skies, the heavens, without pillars that you see. And He's cast into this earth firmly set mountains so that it keeps it stable. And He spread throughout this earth all types of creatures. Okay, so Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, actually makes that clear in the Qur'an as well. Dabah means beasts, means any type of creature that you can imagine. And so we know that before we got to this earth, there were, you know, all kinds of dinosaurs, beasts, and that's one of the crimes of the jinn, is that they didn't treat them well, as we spoke about previously.  Actually, even before the dinosaurs, you know, scientifically, they think that roaches existed a million years ago.  But nevertheless, they are a creation of God, and therefore we have to respect them one way or the other. Years before the dinosaurs. And so you ask yourself, why? All right, so if we establish that Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, put them there before us, and that there's benefit to them, why, you know, why do we have roaches? Why do we have rats?  And you know, subhanallah, when it comes to roaches, I grew up with roaches. I had roaches all over the place growing up. I remember there were times that I wouldn't actually go to the kitchen, because I knew that there were going to be roaches there after 10 o'clock. That was their time, and they took over. So, especially with roaches, I guess this was a theological crisis for me. You know, why are there roaches in the world? Now, the simple answer to that is that Allah made all of these animals as a form of risk for you, as a form of sustenance for you, and He made them a form of sustenance for each other, and He made the insects sustenance for them. Okay, so you find that when a bird is alive, and subhanallah, things change, circumstances change, when a bird is alive, it feasts on ants, it eats ants. When the bird dies, the ants eat the bird, right? So, these anorex and these creatures are sustenance for one another. They're risk for one another, and Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, has it in perfect balance. And there are things that are even beyond our understanding. So, when it comes to the roaches, you know, their most powerful role in the ecosystem, of course, is decomposing. And we don't really see that, but they pick up dirt. There would be a lot more dirt in the world without them. They eat rotten foods, and they eat decaying material, and through their waste, it's put back into the soil, and it's made beneficial, and bacteria is cleared, and so on, so forth. Meaning, subhanallah, that even those things that to us are simple, you know, our nuisances. There is a purpose. They play a greater role in this balance that Allah, subhanahu wa ta'ala, has created. Al-Nizam, you know, the way that he's made everything just and balanced in his creation, there is a role for everything. Allah is perfect. Everything has its place, of course. If you remove something, everything would fall apart. There is knowledge behind it that we simply cannot understand. People are complaining about mosquitoes, but everything has its place. It needs to be there. And I would even go so far to say that this is part of submitting to God, because if you start questioning why are there cockroaches? Why are there mosquitoes? You are questioning the creation, and with that, you are questioning the Creator. You can create a single insect, a single animal, without purpose. And subhanallah, we find that the animals actually see things that we are incapable of seeing. And we spoke about this when we talked about the limitations of human beings and things of that sort. But you'll find, you know, the color spectrum even, that there are some animals that subhanallah, it's not even the distance of sight. When they look at something, our color spectrum is far more limited than them. Meaning, they're able to see light and they're able to see different colors that we wouldn't even know existed, even though they'd be looking at the same surface. And the reason why I bring that up is that the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam mentioned that they are able to see things of al-Ghaib, of the unseen, that as human beings we're not able to see.  And on top of that, me personally being around dogs, I do believe that they see something that we don't. And the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam gives us something beneficial in that regard. He says, Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam, that when you hear the crowing of the rooster, when you see the crowing of a rooster, ask Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala for his blessings, because that rooster has seen an angel. And the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, when you hear the braying of a donkey, then ask Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala for refuge, because that donkey has seen a devil. So Subhanallah, these animals, even from their noises, there's a blessing for us. There's one of the times of accepted dua, is the time when a rooster crows because the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam says that it's seen an angel, it's seen a light source that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala created, that we are incapable of seeing. Now, something else that we find that Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala has given us through these animals is that taking care of these animals can either be our ticket to Paradise or it could be our ticket to Hellfire. And this is something very powerful because the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam mentioned to us the woman that was actually a prostitute, Azania, and she came across a dog that was thirsty and she felt compassion for that dog and so she took her shoe and she filled it with water and she gave water to that dog and Subhanallah often asked myself, if the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said that Jannah was given to that woman for the sake of that, that she was forgiven for her sins and Jannah was given to her on the basis of that, what would most religious people do? They'd say if a dog came by, this is nudges and this is impure, they try to kick it out the way and so on and so forth. But Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala gave Yeah, that again leads to problems in my perception of what it really means to follow the hadith. We again have hadiths that contradict each other. There are certain hadiths that are against dogs, speaking against dogs and now we have this example that this woman is actually going to paradise because she gave water to the dog. With all due respect, please let me know in the comment section what you guys think. As I said previously, it is very, very hard for me to accept hadiths as truth because as you can see, they are contradicting each other. This woman Jannah, forgiving water to a dog and Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala gave another woman Hellfire because she imprisoned a cat as the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said, not allowing the cat to fetch its own food or drink and not giving it any food or drink. And so these are sources of Rahmah for us. They're sources of mercy. They could be our ticket to paradise and as a believer, I should look at it in an optimistic sense and I shouldn't think to myself at any moment that there are many human beings that are dying today. Why should I even be worried about the animals? Because the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam was concerned about the birds even on the way back from a battle, Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam heard the complaint of a bird whose egg was taken from its nest. So the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam actually stops the companions and shows compassion to those birds. So there's no point in life where we should stop caring about the animals where it becomes an either or thing. Islam teaches us that, you know, the earth will testify for us or against us. What about the animals? And of course, what that means is we should be even more kind and considerate towards human beings and things of that sort. Now, there are certain interesting facts that the Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam mentioned to us as well about taking care of certain animals and the effect that it has on our personalities. You know, scientifically, taking care of certain breeds brings a sense of compassion. It nurtures compassion in a human being. Cat owners tend to be more sensitive and compassionate. And that's why you find Abu Hurayr Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam the sweet personality maybe that had something to do with it, the way that he was with cats and the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam told us about the different types of animal breeders and the personality traits that they might develop. So he said Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam that there will come a time when the best property of a man will actually be his sheep. And what he's talking about Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam is in the time of fitan, of great tribulation that the safest person is the one who can take his sheep, just take some sheep with him and go to a place where he's free from all of that corruption and all of that tribulation. So it's actually a form of risk for him particularly it's a form of sustenance. That's actually something that I heard within the Orthodox Church as well that there will come a time in the end of days where the Christians will just live around sheep and this will be the safest for them because they won't be able to participate within society. Within Christianity we say it is the mark of the beast that will enslave all of humanity. Some Orthodox Church fathers believe that this mark of the beast is actually a chip, a crypto chip with which you will be forced to pay and identification chips so to speak and without it you won't be able to participate in this modern technocracy and that's why they say the best way for Christians is to get out of those mega cities simply get some animals and live with them. Particularly in the time of fitna and he said that you tend to find pride and arrogance amongst the owners of horses and camels. So he said those Bedwinds that are busy with the camels and the horses they don't have time for their deem they don't have time for their religion. While he said that humility and gentleness are the characteristics of Ahlul Ghannam the people that own sheep the shepherds of sheep and the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam of course told us that all of the prophets at one point in time were shepherds Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam his first career was as a shepherd. Now the last thing that we take here and I get asked this question all the time about animals is can I have my pet in Jannah can I have animals in Jannah or is it that we just go to Jannah and there are no more animals because some people develop a great sense of attachment to animals. Now obviously they are free from you know from accountability you know eternal accountability so they don't have Jannah and Nahr Paradise and Hellfire in that sense. However, Abu Ayyuban Ansari radiallahu anhu he narrates that a Bedwind came to the Messenger Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam and he said, Ya Rasulullah O Messenger of Allah I love horses will I get to have horses in Jannah? I love horses do I get horses in Jannah? And the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam said if you are admitted into Jannah you will be given a horse of rubies and that horse would be brought to you with two wings and it will carry you wherever you want it to carry you. So yes, you can have animals in Jannah as well if you love them that much and we ask Allah SWT to enter us into Jannah to be able to have those animals Allah Na'Ami. Alright guys and this is it for today's video much less about dinosaurs and more about compassion towards the animals. As I said, ultimately I personally do not believe in dinosaurs I think it's fake I think Hollywood just made up something to entertain us and further delude us when I see those bones they are often put into certain structures that are then supposed to resemble a dinosaur with a lot of artistry I do not buy it but when it comes down to compassion towards animals for me this is common sense I believe we should treat all beings with dignity and with respect and especially the animals we eat I'm absolutely against animal agriculture and industrial scale slaughterhouses But as I said throughout the video more questions got raised how come that we have two hadiths that are apparently saqi on both ends but they contradict each other how can we justify that and moreover why are those things not mentioned within the Quran why do we need certain hadiths as an addition but then again we do have contradicting hadiths for me personally this is extremely confusing I would really appreciate if you can clarify this for me in the comment section alright guys but this is it for today's video if you liked it leave the thumbs up if you haven't subscribed already guys please do so and if you want to support this channel via Patreon for example all the links are in the description box below thank you so much for your ongoing support as always may God bless you all much love and peace


Country Diva Carrie Underwood made her permanent move from Oklahoma to Tennessee after winning American Idol back in 2005. At first, she bought a more modest house in Franklin, spanning around 3,000 square feet of space, but she's since upgraded her real estate portfolio. Once she married Mike Fisher, the couple moved to a luxury million dollar home in Brentwood. These days, the couple built their dream home from the ground up on 400 acres of land. Now, at this estate, Carrie lives in the foothills south of Nashville and their custom family mansion boasts everything from high ceilings to a swimming pool and plenty of room for the horses and cows outside. So let's take a look. In these videos, we don't reveal any addresses and even though I've done a house tour of my own place, please do not show up at any private residences because it's not safe for anyone. Carrie Underwood is a singer and songwriter who rose to fame after winning the fourth season of American Idol in 2005 and she's definitely one of the most successful winners from the show ever. She has many awards and accomplishments under her belt and at the time of this recording an estimated net worth of about $140 million. Before American Idol, Carrie was just a small town Oklahoma girl who had never even been on an airplane before. Once she moved to Tennessee though, there was no looking back. These days, Carrie, her hockey star husband Mike Fisher and their children still live in the same state. Only now, it's on a sprawling farm like property with a huge custom mansion. Hey guys, it's Carrie the Vampire Slayer back with another exclusive house tour here in Famous Entertainment, this time checking out country superstar Carrie Underwood and her Tennessee properties. Don't forget to like, subscribe and hit me up on Instagram to chat. Now let's get into this video. We're going to kick things off with Carrie's current mansion. In 2011, it was reported that she and Mike scooped up over 400 undeveloped acres of land in the semi-rural suburbs of Nashville, Tennessee. The couple paid about $2.9 million for 354 acres in the foothills south of Nashville and dropped another $350,000 on an attached 50 acre plot to make up that whopping amount of space. Carrie and Mike spent a few years building and constructing their dream home and by the looks of the exterior, it was well worth it. We don't know the exact details or measurements of the mega mansion but as you can see, it's huge. It looks to be built in a modern farmhouse style with a white exterior and wooden brown accents like the roof. There's also a large barn-like building on the adjoining property with its own driveway and an additional smaller structure. This could be a guest house or space for their horses or both. We do know Carrie's property boasts orchards, cows and horses. In fact, Mike bought her two cows one Christmas. In 2016, Carrie opened up about the building process of their dream home to country living. She said that her and Mike were designing their forever home, which would have a wood-burning fireplace, a porch swing and rocking chairs. It seems to me that it has all that and more. They didn't move in until late 2018 and by this time, they had already welcomed their first son with the second on the way. One of the first to get a look at Carrie's sprawling estate was Oprah Winfrey when the couple showed her the plot of land on the own network in 2012. Carrie also said that they set up a cute picnic area and plan to plant many trees here. The mansion is fitted with tons of rooms, a full basement, multiple living areas, bedrooms, bathrooms and a handful of garages. As for the interior, Carrie has kept things a little more private, but the couple has given fans peeks inside their residence over the years while hanging out with their kids. You can see that Carrie's living room is designed with a beige and gray color scheme as well as wooden touches for rustic feel.  While celebrating their first Christmas in the home, Mike showed off the living room or great room where we can see high vaulted ceilings, white concrete pillars and floor to ceiling windows, making for a grand statement. The mansion has hardwood floors throughout accented with patterned rugs to provide a warm and welcoming feel. There are also plenty of fireplaces in the home including a large brick one we've seen in photos. Carrie has an open-plan kitchen and dining area and we can see there's a separate breakfast nook too with a long bench and black marble table. This space also has large windows with views of the stunning grounds. The couple's bedroom seems to keep the same muted color scheme as the rest of the home. From what we can see anyways, including a gray chased lounge near a window with doors out to a private terrace. The country star has also shown off her impressive walking closet with floor to ceiling wardrobes for her clothes, shoes and bags. An island in the middle of the closet even boasts a built-in washing machine and dryer for easy laundry days. Carrie has also given a peek at her home gym. Considering all the acres of land, it's no surprise there are private stables for horses and other animals. The couple even has their own lake which Mike previously showed off in a pic fishing with the boys. Also on the grounds, there's a swimming pool, terraces to entertain and Carrie has a space in the garden to work out if she feels like doing so out fresco. Fitted with rubber floors for weightlifting and training. When Carrie first moved to Nashville, she lived in a slightly more modest, under a million dollar home in Tennessee. But when she and Mike wed, they moved to the area of Brentwood, purchasing a luxe house for $1.35 million in 2007. This house sat at the end of a cul-de-sac in the gated governor's club golf community and measured just over 7,000 square feet of space with four beds, four full baths and two half baths throughout. It was in an affluent suburban neighborhood about 20 miles from downtown Nashville. The exterior of the home was a stone accented beige brick mansion, slightly traditional in style while inside there were three luxurious floors. The grand double height entrance featured a curved staircase and herringbone pattern stone floors and it led to the usual fancy common rooms. The foyer opened up to the formal dining room and stepped down to the soaring living room which had floor-to-ceiling windows and oak floors underfoot. There was also a carved stone fireplace and velvet drapes and the nearby kitchen had stainless steel appliances and carved custom cabinets. The island snack bar here opened to the breakfast space and attached family room, which was cozier and more casual, offering a brick fireplace and view of the golf course. Other features in Kerry's former mansion included a library office, a games room, a guest apartment with kitchenette and mirror wall gym.  Here, there was a corkscrew staircase that led down to the basement, which was definitely styled for Kerry. It seemed to be a fancy glam room with heated marble floors, a hair and makeup station, a shoe and handbag area, and a spacious lounge with web bar. While the house sat on just over half an acre of land, there were plenty of outdoor hangout spots, including a patio overlooking the golf course and a planted courtyard. In late 2017, after Kerry underwent a freak accident, a fall right outside this mansion, which left her wrist broken and dozens of stitches in her face, the family was ready to say goodbye to Brentwood. They went to their semi-remote spread in Franklin, a rustic luxe barn-style home on nearly a thousand acres that seems to act as their vacation retreat. Until that is, they completed building their dream mansion. They listed this Brentwood crib in 2019 for $1.45 million. Well, now we've taken a look at Kerry Underwood's homes, past and present, so I think that brings this house to her to an end. We took a peek at her Nashville custom dream home on 400 acres of land, as well as the Brentwood mansion she lived in just prior. After seeing her lavish escapes in Tennessee, which did you prefer? Was her current mega mansion more your style, or her former house in Brentwood? I think her current place is my fave because of all the land that surrounds it, not to mention room for cows and horses. Be sure to let me know your thoughts on Kerry's mansions down in the comments. Thanks for watching. Don't forget to follow me on Instagram and let me know which celebrity homes we should take a look at next. I'll see you all in the next one. Bye.


Hello everyone welcome to the video lecture where we are going to discuss about the decision making statements used in programming language C. Learning outcome at the end of this session students will be able to write a C program using control statement F. Now what are these decision making statements and why do we need them in C. Many times in real life as well we need to take some decisions based on certain conditions. For example if the highway is busy I may take the diversion or if the climate is cloudy I may carry umbrella with me. So there are certain actions that we perform based on some conditions. So in C as well we must alter the program's flow of execution based on certain conditions. Decision making statements are thus used so as to provide the control flow inside our program. Also these are used for implementing condition based execution. There are various ways of implementing decision making statements such as if statement, if else statement, conditional operators, if else if and switch case. The conditional operators are nothing but these are logically similar to if else statement. For this video lecture we are going to focus on the first type of decision making statement that is nothing but if statement. Let us look into detail how exactly if works. So for this we need to use a test expression that is nothing but a condition. So if this text expression evolves to true then in that case the statements that we write inside if that is nothing but body of if will be executed and after that the statements which are written after the corresponding body of if will be executed. So for this the test expression has to be true or it should evolve to true. If the condition evaluates to false in that case the body of if that is nothing but statements belonging to this if structure will be skipped from the part of execution and the program will directly continue to execute statements just below body of if. Let us look into detail about the syntax of how if is written. So the keyword if is followed by test expression that is nothing but condition that we want to implement followed by a pair of curly brackets and inside that we write the statements. Similarly we do not put semicolon after the test expression up till now we have seen that every statement inside C has to be terminated with a semicolon. When we are going to discuss about some examples we will see what happens if I put semicolon inside C or so the value of the test expression it should always evolve to a Boolean value. Time to reflect. So as to check that if the given number is greater than zero which of the following set of statements is correct. Go to the following options pause the video for a moment and think about it. I hope that you have got the correct corresponding answer. Now let us look and detail and let us look into detail and check with all of the options. So for the first one if is followed by a pair of round brackets and some condition is put inside it followed by the statement belonging to if. What about option B? As you can see a curly parenthesis has been used here which is syntactically wrong. Also in the C option round brackets have not been used therefore option C is incorrect while as in case of option D although it is syntactically correct but the execution of this is different because putting a semicolon after if is equivalent to we are not using any condition inside our program. So no matter what is the value of number either less than zero or greater than zero for each of the cases the statement will be always executed. So print of doesn't belong to if. So therefore the corresponding answer is nothing but option A. Let us try to verify whether the answer is correct or not. So first of all I will declare a variable integer n then we need to check whether the given number is positive or not. So what is the condition? If n is greater than zero I will say that the number is greater than zero. Let us try to implement the example just now that we have discussed okay. So I have declared a variable n whose value is 10. Now let us see what happens when I run the code. As you can see here value of n being 10 and greater than zero the corresponding answer is shown as number is positive. Now what if I put a semicolon after this let us try to find out the answer. So now putting semicolon how does this C program will execute? Let us see there. Now again the output is shown as number is positive. Let us make these some changes. Now I will put a number which is nothing but minus 8 which is basically negative number and it is less than zero and let us try to see what happens with the corresponding answer. Now as you can see here the still number is positive statementings being executed means what the corresponding condition is not getting tested. Therefore putting semicolon after if inside the statement is as good as we are not implementing any condition inside C. Let us actually try to write a C code using code blocks. So the given problem statement is to check if the given number is greater than 10 or not. What can be the algorithm for writing this particular code? Let us start from the statement then we have start and let us read the number. If the corresponding number is greater than 10 we will print the message that n is greater and we will stop. Let us try to write down this code inside code blocks. So we have to give a message that enter a number we will ask the user to enter a number and we will read the value from user. Since we are taking an integer value or integer variable the format specified that we will use is nothing but %t. Now how to write down the condition inside C? First of all we will write the keyword if followed by condition. So the given condition is n should be greater than 10. So this is nothing but a relational operator. Generally if for putting conditions we use the relational operators. Now after that we need to write down some statements. So it must be noted that the default scope of if is nothing but the immediate statement after if. So what is the statement that we should write if the condition is true then we will write that the given number is greater than 10 and the value of corresponding variable n. This is how we write down the code inside code blocks. It must be noted that if we are putting a single statement in inside if then the writing these curly brackets it can be omitted. Now whenever we see that if the condition is false what happens and let us try to build this program and run it. So I enter a number which is nothing but 12. As you can see here 12 is greater than 10 the output is shown as well as the statement like this is how if works is being displayed. Now what if I give a value which is not greater than 10. Now what if I give a value which is not greater than 10. Let us try to rerun the program. I will give the value as minus 9. Minus 9 is not greater than 10. Now you can see here the first statement that we had written inside the ifs that is nothing but body of if it is not getting executed because the condition is false. So as you can see here the value of n which is nothing but minus 9 is not greater than 10. This condition prevails to false therefore this statement is skipped from the part of execution and the program will directly continue to execute which are written after the body of statements of if. Let us try to write down one more program where I need to check if the number is divisible by 511. So what can be the condition for this? For checking the divisibility we can check the remainder. If the corresponding remainder happens to be 0 that indicates that the number is exactly divisible by 5. So accordingly I will write here is divisible by 5. Now let us just try to comment this statement. We must put the ground brackets.  It is divisible by 5. So 10 is divisible by 5. The correct answer is being displayed. Now let us rerun the program and I will give the value as 34. Now as you can see a no output is being displayed means what? If the condition happens to be false in that case the statement whichever we write inside if those will be skipped from the part of execution. This video was created by using following references. You can also go for using multiple online resources available. Thank you.