Felly, y ffordd y ystod y cyfnodau ymlaen, mae'r ddweud ffiyth. Felly, mae'r ddweud ffifyth eich gynllun ymlaen i ysgolwg gwrsfyrdd ymlaen i gael i anglynyddiadau ac y gael i gael i gael i gael eich gael i gael i gael i gael i gael i gael o'r rhan o'r gweithio samin ddweud. Rhyw gyrsbeth sefydlu i gael i gael i gael i gael i gael i gael i gael i gael i gael i would have a negative impact on membership numbers that were already in decline. To help mitigate this potential impact, we made a commitment to provide up to £100,000 of support for angling clubs to promote catch and release as sustainable and responsible practice. The appointment of FishPile as the delivery partner for fishing in mnie took up into this meeting very little yet it did a challenge for seven years of́ to perth yng Nghymru, there is significant interest from England clubs, and around 30 have signed up to date. Oliver Mundell. I thank the Minister for her answer, but let me tell her things are pretty bleak in Dumfriesshire. The Dumfries common good fishing report has recently shown that ticket sales in 2016 are down by almost 50 per cent. Fishing hotels that are normally packed with ffasiau rhywbeth, ac dodwf yn hynnyrch ddwydiadol o'r Ryfnith yn cyfrifio â ddelifio yn rhannifol. Dw i'n mynd i gynch o'r gyflomweithio Llanwr, cyflyb ddaf na 100,000 ar gyfer licence Ffis istell, ond y ddigitio gwazio cyflomweith sy'n gweithredu gwysigol ar gyfer sefydledig ar gyfer Llanwr, ac rhan oaf gwazio'r cyfiliadau yng nghylchurau a'r ddigitio gwazio ar gyfer y syniadau ar gyfer Llanwr. The Fishpal system has been appointed as the delivery partner through a grant award. The Researchers are well recognised with already having established skills and expertise in marketing fisheries. Practical support to ensure continued participation was considered by us to be a more productive way forward rather than directed to clubs, which would of been extremely difficult to assess on a club by club basis. Drin McAlpine To ask what extent the Scottish Government can take cultural significance of traditional fisheries into account when implementing conservation measures? Part of the consideration for the assessment of any of our rivers already takes into account the various methods used to catch salmon and the likely impact that activity would have on the conservation status of the river and our special areas of conservation. I need refuge gyda'r eich cynlluniedad gwaith i gweld alsangu pa'r anglers i gyntafol neu a chfwrdd ffwrdd o'r âl charge o'r siaradau. Rwy'n ddweud o wych chi'n cysylltu ei ddweud o'r teimlo am yn y cyfnodol ar y teimlo. Rodda Grant, Felly, mae'r ragingoedd yn amlygau cyfleidio iawn o'r hynodiau yn rhoi fyddechrau i'r cyflodau fel yw'r rhaglen amlygau, ond mae'n carob i'n cael ei様u â'r rhaglen. Felly, mae'n dechrau i'r rhaglen mewn amlaenieddau i'r rhaglen mewn cyflodau i'r rhaglen bryd. Mae'n rhaid i'r gallu llei, mae'n ei eistedd i ddim yn ddrothwi i gael ar gyfer y dyfodol i ddweud nhw'r drwg, ac rydw i ddweud ddim yn gweithio.  M jabb mwy datblygu. Fy deithas. Mae'r Sgolwys iawn i'r FF Taillwyr Felis A Westerners Axiabiliad, sy'n ei gwybod i ddim yn gwybod i ddim yn ei gwybod i ddim yn wneud i fferis plan yn eistedd fel 2012. Mae'r ffaith eistedd felis a Westerners Axiabiliad yn yng Nghymru ar 5 semor i ddegwyr 2016. Felly, we have recently published a 10-year accessible travel framework for Scotland. It supports disabled people's rights by removing barriers and improving access to travel and ensuring that disabled people are fully involved in the work to improve all aspects of travel across the various modes of travel and transport, including, of course, ferries as well. The framework has been developed in close engagement with disabled people from across Scotland. Donald Cameron. I would like to thank the minister for that answer. A few weeks ago, I met with an enabled Scotland group in Danone for adults with learning disabilities who expressed serious concerns over disabled access. Whilst I strongly welcome any proposals to ensure future ferries are fully accessible for everyone in our communities, what reassurances can the minister give today to groups like Enabled Scotland to help alleviate this problem now rather than down the line? Minister. I appreciate that from the member. I'd be more than happy to meet the member or if he wishes to write with me with the specific concerns, more than happy to take them on board. What I would say is what we're doing here and now, we have just announced that ferries accessibility fund, that's £500,000 of match funding, so potentially a £1 million pot that can be spent here and now to improve access ports, harbours and ferries. During my summer tours in the past few months, I noticed myself that ferries can be much improved for those with accessibility issues. More than happy to meet with the member, to have a discussion with the member about those specific concerns, there are opportunities to do things here and now and I'm open minded to listening to those concerns. Kenneth Gibson. I was delighted that the Minister for Transport and Islands came to Arnhem on 26 September to officially launch the new £12.3 million hybrid ferry that MV Katrina. Can he please tell the chamber how the greater capacity of this new port Glasgow built ferry will help more people, disabled and otherwise, goods and services travel between Arnhem and Argyllshire, boosting both economies? I was delighted to visit Arnhem just a couple of weeks ago with the member. It would be discourteous of me, of course, to mention the fact that he almost broke the soap machine at Arnhem Attics, almost annihilating the entire industry of the island. I'm pleased that I've visited the MV Katrina. It is a great vessel, of course, highlighting the importance of Ferguson's marine engineering and the importance of Scottish commercial shipbuilding. It's worth saying that, of course, there will be great advantages to the economy, accommodating 150 passengers, 23 cars and a number of HGVs, but it's also important to say that the environmental impacts of these new hybrid ferries is not something that can be discounted easily, fantastically energy efficient, helping us to meet those CO2 reduction targets that we have set ourselves. I'm delighted and I look forward to being back in Arnhem, I'm sure, in the near future. Question 3, Elaine Smith. Thank you, Presiding Officer, to ask the Scottish Government what it is doing to address child homelessness. Minister, Kevin Stewart. Thank you, Presiding Officer. The Scottish Government has ensured strong legal rights to housing and support for homeless households with children. Separate guidance has been developed on the particular issues faced by children experiencing homelessness. We're also providing funding to local authorities to develop the housing options approach to prevention. That will be further strengthened by the publication of a training toolkit for local authorities and their partners, which will address the prevention of homelessness amongst families with children. Elaine Smith. I thank the minister for that response, but does the minister accept that homelessness to borrow a phrase from the shelter report is far from fixed and that 5,000 children in Scotland wakened up this morning without a home of their own, which has a terrible effect on their mental health wellbeing and attainment? Given that, we will soon debate the fairer Scotland action plan, will the minister ensure that the Government's approach to homelessness is brought forward as a priority so that the Government's commitments are delivered as soon as possible? Minister. Thank you, Presiding Officer. The Government is, of course, committed to delivering 50,000 affordable homes during the course of this Parliament, including 35,000 homes for social rent, which is really important in tackling those situations. I know that Ms Smith is taking a keen interest in those issues over the last Parliament and, indeed, again this one. I have a determination to make sure that we can provide the very best in terms of temporary accommodation that is required for families with children. I am more than willing to speak with Ms Smith if she would like to discuss how we can work together to ensure that we can get this absolutely right for homeless people and particularly homeless families with children. Question 5, Murdo Fraser. To ask the Scottish Government what recent correspondence it has had with the UK Government regarding the impact on Scotland of the expansion of either Heathrow or Gatwick airports. The Scottish Government has maintained regular contact with the UK Government on matters related to the airports commission and, in particular, our request that Scotland's access to the UK global hub airport is maintained in the lead-up to new runway capacity and increased once this is in place. Murdo Fraser. I thank the cabinet secretary for his response. As I am sure he is aware, we are expecting an announcement in the next few weeks on whether Heathrow or Gatwick are to benefit from a new runway. The Scottish business community is firmly off the view that the Heathrow option is the better one in terms of connectivity to Scotland. Will the Scottish Government join with the Scottish Conservatives even at this late hour in calling on the UK Government to go for the Heathrow upgrade? Cabinet secretary. First of all, I congratulate Murdo Fraser for speaking in his chamber for the first time since his election, not mentioning the words independence referendum. I am also very pleased to have some clarity about the Conservative position because, of course, Ruth Davidson opposed in 2010 the Heathrow option and now apparently supports it. The Conservative party has opposed and supported APD, and now I am not too sure what the Conservative party position is. These are important things for Scotland's air services. The delay in relation to this has been not just weeks, it has been months and it has been years, and the delay is caused by the one person, the one body that can take this decision, which is the UK Government. We have put pressure on them to make sure that whatever decision is taken, and we have also had direct discussions with both Heathrow and Gatwick, is in Scotland's interests in terms of routes, facilities and infrastructure. We will continue to do that to make sure that Scotland's interests are put to the forefront. Of course, we will continue to talk to the UK Government on maintaining and guaranteeing links to Scotland, which is the most important thing for Scottish air travellers. Marie Todd Links between the regional airports, such as Inverness and the hub airport, will be vital to the rural economy. What can the Scottish Government do to ensure that regional links are there and to push for a decision and end the damaging uncertainty? John Swinney Once again, we have been absolutely clear that whichever London airport prevails, and we obviously know the recommendation of the commission, that we need Scotland's airports to benefit from enhanced access, as has been mentioned by the member. The new Inverness Heathrow service is evidence of what we can help to bring about under the existing capacity limitations. It is entirely reasonable to expect significant further gains. A number of airlines have made this point as well about some of the additional services that could be gained. It is quite clear that the decision is long overdue and that it is having a detrimental effect on the whole of the UK. We can see improved services for the regions, as Marie Todd mentioned, so I would suggest that the UK Government gets on and makes this decision. Alex Cole-Hamilton To ask the Scottish Government what plans it has to require local authorities to carry out additional training for teachers and other school personnel on how to deal with children who have an attachment disorder or are affected by it. John Swinney Improving health and wellbeing has been identified as one of the key priorities of the national improvement framework, because we recognise that children need to feel safe and cared for throughout their time in school in order to flourish and to achieve positive learning outcomes. In our recently published delivery plan for excellence and equity in Scottish education, we confirmed our commitment to review of initial teacher education programmes and we have committed to working towards every professional working with children being trained on attachment, child development and child protection. Alex Cole-Hamilton I thank the cabinet secretary for his answer. Many members in this chamber will be aware of the very particular needs faced by particularly looked after children, but there are many other children who face challenges in our school. Teachers should therefore be equipped with the range of skills and how to manage that behaviour in the classroom. Recently I have been dealing with a number of constituents whose children have been further traumatised due to the failure of school staff to adapt their approach according to individual child circumstances. The cabinet secretary told me that her children were shouted at despite school staff being made aware of a history of paternal abuse in the household, which led to very real anxiety. When that child brought that up with the school in question, they were told that no child could be treated any differently than any other. Does the minister not agree that we actually really need to address the way that teachers are trained to handle the very specific needs of children who face attachment disorder, trauma and loss in our schools? Alex Cole-Hamilton Let me make two points to Mr Cole-Hamilton. The first is that it is absolutely essential that every child in their circumstances is taken into account in the way in which their education and their wellbeing is supported by individual schools and members of the teaching profession. That is the approach that is driven by the Government's agenda, which is widely shared and supported by local authorities by getting it right for every child to make sure that we adapt and take forward an approach that is appropriate to the needs of every young person. The second point is that, if Mr Cole-Hamilton has any particular concerns about the way in which individual children have been dealt with, the appropriate course of action is to raise those directly with the individual schools concerned and also with the education authorities who have the immediate responsibility for the management of individual schools, which is the position that is provided for in statute. I reiterate my view in general that it is essential that we properly equip the teaching profession to provide for the needs of all young people in their care, and that is what the Government's priorities and our delivery plan are designed to do. Jeremy Balfour Can I thank the cabinet secretary for his answer? The cabinet secretary will be aware that often children who have been fostered or adopted have attachment issues that are greater than other children. Would he or one of his colleagues commit to meeting with the adoption agencies here in Scotland to discuss what further support they can get from Government and local authorities in regard to these issues when children are at school? Michael Matheson I am involved in much of that dialogue already and I thank Mr Balfour for his question. I would assure him that having engaged as the First Minister has engaged recently on the question of the support for looked after children that we need to have an approach that directly addresses the needs, the very challenging and complex needs of such children and to ensure that we can provide the best support in the future. Fostering, sustainable and consistent fostering and, ultimately, adoption can be options that can be taken forward that must be applied very carefully and directly to the needs of individual children. I assure Mr Balfour of my interest in exploring how we can better serve the needs of looked after children in these circumstances and put in place the support that they require to ensure that they can fulfil their needs. That is their right to be supported by the state to enable them to do so. Joan McAlpine To ask the Scottish Government what impact leaving the EU and the single market could have on Scotland's red meat exports. Minister Humza Yousaf Approximately 80 per cent of Scotland's red meat exports are destined for the European Union. Figures from the industry show that the value of beef and lamb exports from Scotland to the EU were approximately 73 per cent. As I said, that is 80 per cent of our red meat exports. However, if Scotland was subject to current tariffs that apply to countries outwith the EU, then the same volume of beef and lamb would cost around 50 per cent more for importers to buy our products. In a highly competitive market, the consequences could be profound with potentially much reduced sales or indeed lower prices paid to our primary producers through the supply chain, neither of which is desirable and illustrates the importance of maintaining access to our largest export market. Joan McAlpine I thank the minister for that answer. As he is aware, south of Scotland produces a significant amount of Scottish beef and lamb for UK and EU markets, so that potential impact on livelihoods is very worrying. Can he advise how many free trade agreements with countries outwith the EU currently include provision for beef and lamb exports and what might happen should Scotland be forced out of the EU against our will? I answer her question directly. The current markets that we trade with outside of the EU are five that we have free trade agreements with in terms of our red meat exports, Switzerland and Norway, Monaco, Hong Kong and Canada. Having looked at the figures that they equate in terms of our beef sales to a total volume of 4.8 per cent and our lamb at 2.5 per cent, where is the EU? As I said, my previous answer equates to 80 per cent. Even if we look at some of those countries outwith the EU, the tariffs can be up to 30 per cent on some red meat exports, so profound consequences indeed. There are two things that we learnt from the Tory party conference this week. One is the dislike of foreigners, but secondly, they are pushing for a hard, hard Brexit. Not being members of the single market, not having access to the single market, will be extremely detrimental to those in the south of Scotland and other regions across Scotland who are looking to export their red meat to the European continent. I have no doubt that there may be some very uncertain times ahead following Brexit, but does the minister agree with me that the daily apocalyptic predictions of Joan McAlpine on any issue, some with just the most tenuous links to the EU, are in danger of turning a very serious matter to what some might call project fear on steroids? To be accused of making apocalyptic hyperbolic assertions by Neil Findlay, the man who scares on every issue under the sun, from St John's on health to transport. Frankly, Deputy Presiding Officer, it is like being accused by Donald Trump of being anti-Muslim.


As Nigeria marks 22 years since the military handed over power to an elected civilian government in 1999, plus TV Africa's Jacinta Obuquo went to the field to have a review of what June 12 means to a set of people popularly known as millennials and the Generation Z. 28 years ago, an estimated 14 million Nigerians, irrespective of ethnic, religious, class and regional affiliations, in a period when religious acrimony and tension had reached its zenith, defied bad weather to elect their president with the hope of ending dark days of military dictatorship. But today, how did the social-minded millennial understand the power it is of older generations? Is this feedback something to worry about as regards the death of history among the millennial? The government never put a premium on it. They never saw the significant hands of June 12, so they never promoted it. That is why. Secondly, it should blame the educational system that has no value in history. And this is also a policy issue, it's our government. You see that at a particular point, history was banned in this country. Then the third-level people are the so-called national orientation agencies. You want to ask me what are they doing? What are they orientating? Where is the national citizenship education? I'm not doing it. And on the rejection of the renaming of Union Lag after MKO, could it be that he was not really respected by both students and alumni? It is the coin, it is the coin of that name that was a problem. It doesn't pop to that brand. You see, so you put a malu. You know, malud in Yoruba, malu means malu cow. And you know what students really like? They will say, ah, I am a malu, as a student of malu. So those are the things those students will react against. And secondly, the academic field slighted. And that is, this is not diluted. You see, let me also say this. A man of people using the name of an institution, institution is bigger than personality. You see, even to name an institution, I've seen that trend, I think it's a bad trend. Don't name an institution after anybody's, because it's bigger than those people. It's bigger. People are still going to come and contribute. While the conversation continues on what constitutes history, individuals or people, the lesson here, according to social commentators, is that heroes and their exploits should not be discarded into the bin of history. Jacinta Obuco for Plus TV Africa.


I want you to practice making decisions that disappoint people. What I mean is that many of us are kind-hearted people that are so afraid to disappoint other people with our decisions. And what happens is we keep pleasing other people and we burn ourselves out. That is not the way to build a personally sustainable and successful business. If you want to have a successful business, you've got to make decisions that often disappoint some people. Okay, let me give you some examples of small examples that you can start to practice with. What about not getting back to people quickly? When people email you or message you, do you feel like, oh, I got to get back to them because I don't like the feeling of disappointing them? If that's the case, and I want you to practice not responding to your emails quickly, I want you to practice not responding to your text messages or your private messages quickly. That decision is an empowering decision for you. And you need to practice feeling, oh God, it's this fear of making such and such person not happy with me. That feeling will come, you'll feel it, okay, and then it'll pass and you'll be stronger for having felt it. The next time you make that decision again, the feeling will come, you'll notice it, you'll feel it, you'll let it pass and you'll be even more stronger. The more you do this, the more empowered you actually get to be able to build an authentic business. That's really what authentic business is. It's be able to make choices that are aligned with their purpose, no matter what kind of judgments you might get from others. Now it's not that we want to get back to people slowly, but there's a difference between getting back to people quickly because you feel bad about disappointing them versus let's get this here. Let's experience not getting back to people quickly and feeling those feelings and letting it pass and realizing we're okay and then becoming stronger, and then after a while we're like, you know what, I'm actually really okay now with not getting back to people quickly. Now you can stretch yourself professionally and personally by getting back to people a little bit more quickly, but now you're doing it because of good customer service. You're now doing it because you want to be a better networking person, not because you feel badly or not because you're afraid of others feeling badly. Do you see the difference? The difference is making a choice out of fear of others feeling badly and judging you. That's a living of life of fear versus making decisions out of love to say, I want to serve that other person, not because they're going to feel badly if I don't. What a difference. This is really important because so many of us kind hearted people have practiced a life of fear and it's not of love. We think we're being loving, but we're actually just living in a lot of fear that other people might judge us or we might disappoint other people and we make these decisions that make us weaker so that we can please other people. This is a life of fear. It's not love, no, not love at all. It's disguised as love, but it's not love. What's real love is when we connect with our eternal source of love and say, I don't care if I don't get love from anybody else because I've got love right here. Right here. I've got as much love as I need is right here right now by myself. And when we can connect with that eternal source of love and realize that all these feelings will come and go and just be okay, then once we become strong, now we can really love others to say, all right, I used to, I practiced getting back to people after three days instead of in the past where I stressed myself out, getting back to people the same day, three days. I'm totally fine with that now. Now I'm going to stretch myself a little bit in love and try to get back to people in two days or a day and a half just a little bit faster than I used to be now because of love. Not because I want, I'm afraid to disappoint them. So whether that's getting back to people or whether that's raising your rates, right? Raising your rates should be done at least once a year, well, once, one to two times a year.  Let them be. Let them feel those feelings and here's the thing. As long as you do it kindly, you can make any decisions you want. As long as you do it kindly, you can be as firm with your boundaries as you want. Kindness in fact, kind yet firm will actually give others a positive experience of encountering reality, okay? What I mean is that them feeling badly about your decision isn't really your fault. They've lived an entire life of disappointing experiences all of us have to some extent. They've lived a life of disappointing experiences. Now they encounter your decision that disappoints them too. It's 0.0001% you're doing.  So you can't change the past that they've experienced. All you can do is to live your purpose and to communicate these things kindly. And when you do communicate it kindly, they actually get to practice encountering reality in a kind way even if it's disappointing. They get to practice feeling the feelings and being okay with it. So don't protect people from feeling disappointed. You can't protect everybody, right? All you need to do is live your purpose. So anyway, I hope this is helpful. Whether it's raising your rates, getting back to people quickly, writing emails that are as long as they write, whatever. Sometimes I write emails that are much shorter than people write and they might be surprised but that's okay as long as I do it kindly, okay? Sometimes my emails are longer than theirs because I'm answering a question, whatever. But don't have to do what other people think you should do, okay? Raising your rates, getting back to people at the length and frequency, being afraid whether what you put out there might not align with what other people would like. Practice the feeling of not knowing and still publishing anyway and you get stronger every time. Anyway, I hope this is helpful and I look forward to seeing if you practice and how you get stronger as a result. Be well.


Here's how to feel satisfied with your to-do list. You want to make sure that you rank your tasks in order of priority. There's no point in doing all these little tasks that are easy just to make yourself feel better and then you have no time left to do your important high priority tasks. You want to make sure that you focus on those first. Doing the hardest, most important thing, first thing in the morning or earlier on in the day is going to make you feel better and more motivated to complete other tasks throughout the rest of the day.


We in Hero Electric are more than 10 years into electric vehicles. We drive the business out of passion and we are here to stay. So I don't know whether we will be the market leaders all the time to come. We will be a significant player surely. And we are beginning to realize that government has little lesser and lesser role to play in electric mobility. So if you keep on depending on government's socks, it's always going to be two steps ahead and two steps backwards. So we are trying to evolve business plans for ourselves which are little away from government interventions or government subsidies or incentives. Those plans as they rectify will make the business model very solid and standing on its own feet. And perhaps in two to three years time because of scale, because of battery prices and because of our own push. We will reach that point where the business will take off in a big way. If you talk of 2030s and 2025s, that is more of a crystal ball gazing. Because the government itself started saying 100% electric, then they said 100% electric only two wheelers. And now they are saying free for all, for everybody. So sure, because everybody is confused in this what's going to happen. So I think it's a good thing to have a fair play for everything that is available. But for technologies like electric, if there is a nurturing available, because every small sapling needs a nurturing. So if the nurturing is available for a short time, it will do very good for the country to have that exponential growth as required. In any case, people like us will grow, but with the market grow, will other players come into it? Will it become a size of 10 million? That is to be seen. We will do over one million surely in that. But you can't be in this business with a short time thinking. You have to be ready to sustain it through thick and thin. You have to be ready to take all the wraps of new technology and entrepreneurship. But yes, you have to sustain through all this. And the message for new players would be the big players should enter in. Because they have much more sustaining power. The existing players are not that big today except one or two who have that mass to take it forward in a big way. So I am expecting and I am believing that big players one day will enter the market and change the scene altogether. Last year the industry closed at something like 1 lakh plus. This time the subsidized product is sold only less than 2000. That shows to go that something is grossly wrong with government subsidies and policies. And perhaps it was very quickly done and it was a sharp U-turn that they took on many fronts. Everybody was sort of shocked and surprised. People are trying to come out of it and coming out with different business models. Many of them have already started doing products which are non dependent on subsidy. And those numbers are much larger than the 1700 numbers. I only believe that that's not the answer. The government industry and customer has to walk together this talk. They cannot be working in opposition. Correct. So we should soon see some sort of a synergy or integration of the efforts.


Item number SCP-773 Object Class Safe Special Containment Procedures SCP-773 requires no special containment procedures at this time and is to be held at site in secure storage until further notice. Description SCP-773 is a standard English-style dartboard with a diameter of 451 mm. It is divided into the standard 20 segments and an inner and outer bull's eye ring, along with the standard double and triple bands. SCP-773 was acquired by Agent W. from a Mr. W. of Glauchester, England residence. After an anomalous police report came to the attention of the Foundation, Mr. W. was found dead in his home with several ruptured blood vessels and a heart attack which proved fatal. Police were unable to identify any cause of death. After investigation into the death by Agent W. It was discovered that the dartboard in his study had been acquired from the organization known as Marshall Carter and Dark LTD recently. After wiring a large sum of money to the organization three weeks prior. Upon recovery of the object, a set of instructions were recovered from a panel in the rear of the board, which also contained a set of diamond-tipped darts with a space to insert small strips of paper. The instructions were handwritten and signed by a Mr. W. According to the instructions, when a dart is thrown onto the board from a distance of at least three meters and the name of a person is written upon the dart, it will cause harmful injury to that person depending on where the dart impacts the board. The higher the number on the board, the more severe the injury, ranging from a simple sprain of the elbow to as severe as a complete rupture of the aorta. The instructions explicitly state that the person must be written clearly on the dart and that the rules are observed or the detrimental effect will occur to the thrower. This effect occurs in triplicate according to the standard British dart organization rules, before another person can be selected by another player to be injured. Double and triple bands incur ill effects based upon the base score they multiply. After significant experimentation, all of these effects have been confirmed by Foundation staff using Class D personnel. It was also discovered that it would not affect any person more than 30 meters from the board itself. Addendum. After significant experimentation and the use of a mechanical throwing arm, the segments of the dart board have produced the following injuries. Slight finger pain in the right hand, an immediate tension in the shoulder muscles, a minor headache, a slight rash on the left ankle, treatable with normal anti-rash over the counter creams, a strain of the tendons in the right knee, ingrown toenails for several months, data expunged, slight swelling of the left hand, a fever for several days, treatments are ineffective at breaking it, rupturing of the blood vessels in the sinuses leading to heavy bleeding from the nose, rupturing of a blood vessel in the upper chest, strain of the Achilles tendon, laceration of the esophagus, herniated disc, dislocation of the right shoulder, a portion of the lung becomes punctured with a rib, cranial swelling, a fracture of the tibia, a compound fracture of cranium, a non-fatal aneurysm, a fatal heart attack, a coughing fit leading to the rupture of a membrane in the throat. Lesson complete. If you missed the previous orientation, go watch SCP-772, Giant Parasitoid Wasps, right now. Or for the complete course, watch this playlist.


The primary way that we look into outer space and to figure out what's out there is with light and we use photons to detect and that's what we've been doing for for centuries now But neutrinos are promising because we can use neutrinos to detect Objects that light can't really tell us about because light does not pass through matter most matters We know so if you shine a ladder to wall It's not gonna go through the wall, but neutrinos on the other hand will go right through a lot of you know matter And it's unobstructed. So if we can detect these neutrinos on earth We can it can tell us a lot about you know What's out there and things that we don't typically see with light and so our project was modeling the detector signal on earth of Neutrinos that might be produced from outer space. So we Basically wanted to find an alternate way to make a solar cell and solar cells are usually made out of silicon Which is hard and expensive to refine. So we Found that blackberries work just as well Basically, we took a paste we made a paste and we put it onto this glass that conducts and After we put the paste on there We let it cook and we took the blackberry dye and we soaked it up into there And then we put the electrolyte solution on top of the dye and we then on another Tin oxide glass, which is also called the FTO glass We put graphite on it and we turned it and sandwiched the cell and then put biner clips to make it stick and Put it in the Sun and then we hooked up the multimeter to see the voltage right here about 483 Nanometers is the wavelength that photons are absorbed best and this is in the blackberry and right here It's really good because right there. There's a peak right at where Photons are absorbed best in the sunlight. So and so my project essentially try to Establish parameters to make nanowire solar cells as effective as possible So we want to use nanowire solar cells because they are more cost-effective than for example thin films or bulk films And so what I did was I established physical parameters to make as perfect crystalline Nanowires that will be ideal for further optical testing As you can possibly have with indium solenoid which is a new material as an alternative to for example silicon nanowire solar cells thin films are most effective and I think they're about 66 percentage right now Efficiency and that's like theoretical testing sort of things that have been done and the problem with those is that they are very Very expensive to produce so they need single crystalline Silicon essentially and so that's very very expensive to produce and right now They're really only used on satellites because they're just that hard to manufacture me and my partner Alan Zhang Did a project on trying to replace the current paper card sign-out system at science and math and replacing it with an online Electronic system we believe that signing out using a smartphone or an online web application would be less of a hassle It's making the whole sign-out sign-in experience less stressful more convenient quicker and it's Just trying to move towards the future with all the electronics basically


Okay. I feel so much better. Okay. Great. Well, thanks everyone for coming. And welcome to my talk. We're going to talk about re-architecting CardsDB secondary indexes on top of FoundationDB. Hopefully from Adam's talk, you now know that we're building CardsDB on top of FoundationDB. My name is Garen. I am part of the Apache CardsDB team. I'm on the project management committee. I come from South Africa. And if you like sports, especially rugby, with the world champions, it feels amazing. I'm going to gloat about it. I'm not ashamed. And I'm a freelance developer. But the main work I do is for IBM Cloudants. IBM Cloudants are there. I get to work on Apache CardsDB because it is the kind of the main underlying storage that IBM Cloudants and underlying database that IBM Cloudants is. So CardsDB has three main secondary indexes. It's got Mango, MapReduce, and Search. And we're going to look at all three of them and how we're actually implementing them on top of FoundationDB. So the first one we're going to look at is Mango. And Mango is very much quite inspired by MongoDB. It's a much simpler kind of querying syntax than what we have for MapReduce. And it follows the same kind of querying syntax as MongoDB. You can create indexes. You're querying it using the same selectors that MongoDB does. So currently in CardsDB, it's kind of just an actual wrapper on top of CardsDB's MapReduce indexes. So every time you're making a query, we're actually using MapReduce indexes underneath and then doing some little bit of wrapper layer on top of that. But when you move to FoundationDB, we want to make it its own complete index. And so we've taken a bit of inspiration from the FoundationDB's document layer. And one of the big things we're really excited about when it comes to Mango is that the index updates are going to happen in the same transaction that a document update happens. So that means then that every time you do a... if you update documents, then do a query straight afterwards and a new transaction, that whole index is already up to date. So we can kind of keep it update all the time. Don't have to build it in the background. The kind of basic data model of how we want to store Mango indexes in FoundationDB looks a little bit like this. We have a section where we keep a list of all the indexes and then we keep the keys that those indexes are actually storing. So the first one here is index ID1 and we're storing the keys for that one on name and age. We then also keep a build status of it, whether it's building or running, and a sequence. And then we have a build status from the changes feed. So what actually happens is, as much as we want to update the index in the document update transaction, if you've got an existing database that's really big, you can't immediately start using it. You actually need to build it first. So that's where we have those two fields. So we set a... the moment an index is created, we set that build status to building, and we set the sequence at the changes feed that that index was created. We then, in the background, build that index up to that point. At the same time, any new doc updates that come in, we're actually indexing and adding those into the index at the same time. So the moment we've hit that sequence in the database and building that index... sorry, as soon as we've built that index up to that sequence point that we've stored there, it's then ready to be used and we can change it to a running. How we store the fields is very kind of straightforward. The first part of the key is the index ID, then the actual keys that we're storing for that database, and that's how we use two querieds, and we store the document's ID as well so that we can formango indexes we always, in most cases, return the document as well. So we can fetch all those items out of the key that we stored in FoundationDB and fetch the document and return it to the user. Now, one of the big things we've had to look at, is the actual ordering. FoundationDB does a byte string ordering of your keys and stuff. CardsDB has its own prior history and own way of storing things and it's got this thing called view collation. So that's how CardsDB orders the things and it orders its keys and it kind of looks like this, where you've got special fields so null, false and true always come first. Then you've got numbers, one, two and three and you'll notice that we don't differentiate between integers, floats and doubles. We've got strings, arrays and objects. So whenever you have anything stored in index it needs to be ordered in this way. So we needed to adjust the way we store keys in FoundationDB so that we would get this actual ordering. And the way we've solved that is that every time we store a key we actually create a tuple and the first part of the tuple is just a number that sets it as what it is in terms of whether it's a special or numbers and it then starts to order it. The second part of the tuple is then the actual whether it's a special or a numbers and it's the original key. With strings we go another step further. With strings we actually use the ICU locale library to store strings and order them. So with FoundationDB what we've actually then do is we create a sort string. So every time we've got string keys we run it through the ICU library creates a sort string and use that sort string to store it in FoundationDB. So now let's look at MapReduce indexes. MapReduce indexes are created like this. What we do is we create a design document and in that design document you create a view. So MapReduce index is also kind of called views. In this case we have a map function and we emit something so you can see there we're emitting an array and that is the key. We're emitting a class and a name and then the value of 1. We also then define a reduce function as well. In this case we're using one of the CardsToBe built in reduced functions called cart. It's also possible to create your own JavaScript reduced functions but we really try and discourage that because most people it's really difficult to get right. Once you've created this design doc like this and saved into CardsToBe, CardsToBe would then build your index and the process looks a little bit like this where it reads from the changes feed, fetches all the documents that it needs to put into this index runs those documents through the JavaScript query server.  Those key values are then stored in FoundationDB. So because of this process and because we have to always send all the documents to the JavaScript query server we can't actually do this in the actual document update transaction and it actually has to run in the background. So I'll show you how we do that just now. What we're storing in FoundationDB looks a little bit like this where we store the index ID to start off with and then we store the keys. So in this case the name and the age and we do the same encoding process I talked about with Mango. We store the document ID and then in the value side which is everything in red there we store the keys again. So once we've encoded the keys for FoundationDB to get the correct sorting we actually can't decode it back to get the exact same keys that the users actually put in. So we store those keys then in the actual value side of FoundationDB along with the value. So every time we do a query we fetch those values and return both of those back to the user. Now with Mango indexes every time we update the index because we're doing it in that document update transaction we can fetch the old documents look at its keys that are put into the index remove those old keys look at the new document that's being updated or added into the database and add the new keys into the index. So we can do that in that one transaction but with MapReduce because it's being built in the background we can't do that we can't fetch the old full document body so we have to keep another thing called what we call an ID index and the ID index keeps the list of the keys for a specific document that are added to an index. So every time we update an existing index we look at the ID index for the old set of keys that this document has contributed to this index remove those out of the index, get the new keys, add those into the index and add those into the ID index as well. And that's how we keep track of it. So how do we build it? So in a traditional Cache Me 2 or in Cache Me 3 building every time we have a query for a view we have a coordinating node and that goes in context each of the nodes in the cluster and those nodes then look at each shard for this view update that shard and updates the view, sends all the results back to the coordinating node which then collates it and returns it back to the client. Now the big thing with this is that each node has to have a lot of states. It has to know how many nodes in the cluster, where all the shards are and which nodes those are and have to do as Adam mentioned earlier there's a lot of scatter-gather situation there. So we want to avoid that with FoundationDB and move to a situation where each node actually doesn't know how many nodes in the system and that all the state is actually moved into FoundationDB. So if you want to, if you in a situation like using Kubernetes you can add nodes if the cluster is under a heavy load and then remove them if later you don't need them. So a great example of how we're moving all the states into FoundationDB is Cast-to-be jobs. Now Cast-to-be jobs is a global queue for background jobs and all of its state is kept in FoundationDB so the whole queue and the status of everything is in FoundationDB which means we can spin up multiple workers. These workers spin up, they connect through the Cast-to-be jobs API and they see what jobs they can work on and build the index. What's also nice then is through FoundationDB again as well we can monitor for failed jobs so if a worker hasn't updated its state in FoundationDB for a set number of time it means that job has failed we put that job item back in FoundationDB queue in the Cast jobs queue there and another worker can pick it up and continue working on it. Along with that we've also added pub sub progress so anything that needs to know how a job is progressing can listen in and get feedback on that and know when it's ready. So how we want to work with FoundationDB is we have a view query comes in that immediately puts a job on the background queue which will then build the index and get it up to date so it's done. So a worker will accept that job build the view up and keep reporting a status back to the view query node that node will then know that the view is up to date query FoundationDB and return the results back to the user. And this is one of the sections where we still got a little bit of work around optimizing it and improving it so it's always that trade-off with original cards to be because each index was split into shards we could have a whole view in parallel and build it really quickly but now because we're using a single key value storage in FoundationDB at the moment we're kind of building the index all in one step one at a time. So our building is a little bit slower but our querying is significantly faster now with FoundationDB. So that's one of the areas we are going to definitely look to improve in the near future. So now let's look at reduce indexes. So reduce indexes allow us to aggregate the map index results. So if you've got a map index that returns something like that where you've got some dates the reduce allows you to aggregate them based on your group level. Now group level is at what value in the array that you've got. So in this case you've got three items in the array so the group level is three. If you set it to a group level of two you can see we can start aggregating on year and month set the group level to one and we can start aggregating on year. So as I said reduce allows for aggregation of map results and we support two different ways. We do built-in reduce functions that Katsubi has and then you can also use custom js functions. Now one of the things with reduce is that it relies heavily on the fact that internally Katsubi is using a B-tree to store your index. So every time what we do in Katsubi is that when you store a whole lot of map key values you're actually storing them in the non-leaf nodes we're actually storing aggregations of the results below. So every time we do a reduce query we don't actually have to go right down to the leaf nodes pull those all out reduce them in real time and return the results we can actually look at higher non-leaf nodes and get those values out and return them which means that the result is a lot quicker to query it and a little bit more efficient. But now moving to foundation DB we don't have a B-tree anymore so we have to try and adapt that way of querying to work in foundation DB and so the way we think it's going to work is we're going to use a skip list. So the skip list idea comes off the record layers ranked index design and how a skip list works is you have multiple levels. So level north you have all of your reduce results and each level above you have a reduced set of those. So say level one you have a reduced set and it kind of reduces less and less results higher up. Each time a key value is not added to a level it is then aggregated with the previous results meaning that we start getting that aggregation. So when you want to do a query for a reduce index we don't have to go right down to level north to query the whole index we can actually kind of start higher up and get a certain number of key values before jumping down if needed which again we're hoping is going to make it kind of same kind of efficient query like what we have with our B-tree design at the moment. Finally we have tech search. So with Katsubi 3 which will be our next release and the final release before we do the foundation DB release is going to have techs search. Now Cloud Engine has had it for quite a while and we have open sources but it's never been official part of a release with Apache Katsubi. So from 3 onwards it's going to be that which is quite nice. And it follows a very similar design to the map reduce indexes you create a JavaScript function you say what you want to add to the text indexes and what you want to use to query and internally we're actually using Lucene. So under the hood we have Lucene manages the specific shards for the whole text index and we kind of manage those and that's worked pretty well but moving to foundation DB we didn't want to have to have that same situation where we've got foundation DB for everything and then got Lucene to manage our tech search and having to manage those shards and everything where we kind of want foundation DB to manage everything. So the idea we've come up with and the design we're doing is that we're still using Lucene but we kind of cut out a bit and we implement the directory layer. So instead of actually writing the text indexes to disk we're actually now using the directory layer actually writes to foundation DB. We then add some extra optimizations on top of that. We have some Java nodes that we run multiple Java nodes that store the indexes in memory. So every query we will go to specific nodes that have that index in memory which then makes querying significantly faster and we use it for building the index so it can be built in memory and queried. Again Cache Tree Jobs is also used to build the index. So the current status of where we are Adam gave a nice list of all the features we've implemented but we still very much the Cache Tree layer has just begun we're still kind of perfecting and learning where we can improve and learning how to think in a foundation DB way an additional way of solving our problems. And everything we're doing because it's all open source you can follow along completely so you can get the source code from the Apache Cache Tree repo. We also write RFCs for everything we've talked about today so if you're interested in any of the ways we've done it we've got a much more detailed RFC which really dives into how we're implementing everything and that's in our documentation repo and please join our mailing lists or we've got a Slack channel as well where we talk about all of this so if you're interested in any of this please join us, it's great to get some new ideas and new people getting involved and sharing how we build this all together. And so thank you, thank you for coming to the talk and I just want to say a big thank you to the Cache Tree community it's been really fun working with everyone as we build this all out and it's a really nice community to be passed on so thanks a lot.


I have this bottle and on top of it there is a stainless steel cover and what I'll do is I'll throw ping pong balls and see how they how they deflect when they collide with the bottle. This just goes back, this one deflects to the left and if they do not collide with the bottle they just move forward, they go undeviated, they just keep on going forward, like this. Now I want you to see this setup that Rutherford had and it is his famous alpha scattering experiment. So what you see in front of you, this thing over here, this is a gold foil and it is surrounded by a screen which is used to detect very small, very small particles and what Rutherford did was he fired alpha particles at this gold foil. Now what are alpha particles? Well you can think of alpha particles as as particles which are positively charged and Rutherford observed that when he fired these beam of positively charged particles at the gold foil, some of the beams were deflected like this and it was observed on the screen right over here then he fired some more beams at the gold foil like this and that could have been deflected over here just like how the table tennis ball or the plastic ball was getting deflected when it collided with the steel bottle right and he also observed that sometimes sometimes they go undeviated, they do not deflect at all, they just go straight. So based on these observations, the structure of the atom was thought of. Rutherford said that an atom is made up of a nucleus which is positively charged and the rest of the atom is really just empty space. So when the positively charged alpha particles were fired at it, some of them some of them were deflected like this because like charges repel both the nucleus and the alpha particle were positively charged so they repel and therefore you see this deflection but sometimes they go undeviated which means which means the particles must must be going very further away from the nucleus right further away from the nucleus. So Rutherford concluded that an atom is mostly empty space that's one and the second that it has a nucleus which has a positive charge to it.