Today my special guest is Peter Williams and we're discussing the Greek New Testament produced at Tyndale House, Cambridge Peter thanks for joining us on today's show great to be with you Well first off what are a few things we need to know about your background? Maybe tell us a bit about your education and some of your expertise So I'm 47 and I've been studying the Bible and languages to do with the Bible since I was aged 18 so close on 30 years now Did my degrees through to PhD at Cambridge University in England and I've been researching and teaching in universities since then and For those of us here in the States if I say Tyndale House a lot of folks will think of a publisher or here in Illinois But the Tyndale House we're referring to here is a little bit different So tell us about the work you're doing over there in the UK and what's the mission and vision that's driving your important work? Yeah, thank you. So Tyndale House in Cambridge. It's the oldest Tyndale House in fact began in 1944 and it was you know before even D-Day the Normandy landings in the Second World War where Some people with real vision wanted to set up a Bible research institute and it's been doing that for over 70 years now and it's the leading research institute of the Bible for Bible believers in the entire world and so We're delighted that we welcome people from around the world to study in our library and also we sponsor all sorts of research projects we publish a journal and We are trying to foster Bible believing servant-hearted scholars. We're excited to do that Tell us about the origins of this particular Greek New Testament project How many years has this been in the making and what was the vision that got it all started? Well, I think we're told in Matthew 4 that you know Man should not live by bread alone But by every word that comes from the mouth of God and that means that as humans our job is to be obsessed with a question What does God say and if we're really obsessed by that question and we want to have as Accurate a possible copy of that as we possibly can now God spoke his words and he spoke them in the Bible in the Old Testament Hebrew New Testament Greek and We want to make sure we have access to as accurate a copy of that as we possibly can so What you do with an addition is you look at all the manuscripts that there are and you try to bring together from them the Most accurate choice of wording that really reflects what was first given and that's what we've been working on for a decade on just because it's an act of love for God an act of trying to serve the church and We want people to engage with the Bible as much as they can in its original languages Obviously, I know most of us come to Christ because we're reading it in a modern translation. That's great I did too, but if the church is really obsessed with the question What does God say to me then more of us are actually going to be obsessed by the question about the original languages as well And Peter tell us about your specific role in this project. What sort of things have you been working on? Well, I mean, I've been taking the institutional lead on making sure we keep to time and We've had over 30 people involved, but I've been the number two researcher on the project So we've had a guy called Dirk Jankent. He's a Dutch guy who? Actually used to be in charge of the earliest complete manuscript of New Testament codex Sinaiticus in the British Library and he's been working Leading on that and I've just been his researcher system, which has been really great fun looking at manuscripts morning noon and night For those of the the folks listening who have a background in study in Greek Most of us are familiar and probably have in our library either a Nestle Aland or a UBS texts How specifically does this new edition differ from those texts that we're familiar with? What are some of the additional benefits we're going to realize there? Well, I want to start with what's the same because one of the great things we find is that we're working independently from the people who made the Nestle Aland edition or the United Bible Society's edition and we're coming to Pretty similar results. So the first 14 verses of John's Gospel 182 words 812 letters. We're actually identical. And in fact, we're also identical to what Erasmus did in 1516, I mean, there just isn't a letter difference and that's pretty amazing because Erasmus didn't have manuscripts earlier than the 12th century and we've got manuscripts going back to the third century for that So that's one encouragement, but then There are these little differences which we're finding and we're excited about so with our edition every single Paragraph is not a modern editorial decision like they tend to be we've actually taken the from ancient manuscripts and One of the things we found for instance is you take the parable of the Sower in Mark chapter 4 verse 3 and We're putting the paragraph mark not before Jesus's first word, but after his first word So literally what Jesus says is he says listen and then he says behold the Sower went out to sow So we've got that paragraph mark after the listen and before the behold and we've done that because four of the five earliest manuscripts do it That tells us quite a few things one is that the way we should read it is Jesus says listen up guys and Then you have to pause and then you let your mind's imagination Visualize the Sower going out to sow and then of course the whole thing ends with whoever has ears to hear let him hear That's a nice way of putting it and it's quite striking that the early manuscripts we have which we find in different cities They've emerged in different places They actually all have the same paragraph mark or four of the five to that's amazing because it shows that the early scribes are caring about these little details Not that we can be sure that comes from Mark himself, but we can be sure that early Heroes of the Gospels early copious to the Gospels saw that as being the break point So that's just a small example. I can give many more I'd be curious if you'd be able to expand a little bit more about the study of scribal habits That seems to be something that's really come into its own in the last several years Why is it important as we're studying to try to get inside of their heads if you will? Well, I think it's really fascinating now that we're able We've got enough manuscripts to try and get quite specific about what an individual scribe might do some of them are Very careful about copying spelling some of them aren't some of them are mitwords some of them are more careful and really get to know the characters of the different writers and manuscripts before you start trying to use Them as witnesses to the New Testament because if you don't the danger is You are just picking a manuscript because it's earlier or it's convenient and saying well This is what we should put in the Bible And I think you need to be a lot more careful about that And so we're trying to if you like filter all of that information that comes Get to know as far as we can these people who wrote a long time ago Get to know the sort of mistakes they made and that helps us not Sit in our arm chairs and decide what's earlier, but actually to Work out using the brains that God's given us what's likely to be earlier and what's likely to be later and tell us about the the concise textual apparatus that's paired with the text for people that Study and are going to use that sort of a thing. What are some of the things that make it stand out? So the apparatus at the bottom of the page doesn't take up a lot of the page because we want people to read the text I would love to have a million people read the Greek New Testament through the entire thing I don't think that's a an unreasonable desire And so one of the things about our apparatus is we don't want it to be Obscure full of lesson of abbreviations and lots of science you need to learn We want actually this to be available for ordinary people to read so we made it so that When you're reading the main text you don't have any distractions That stop you reading. We don't allow lots of editorial science in there But if you look down to the bottom of the page the really important variations there are we're going to signal in the manuscripts And we're going to signal them in quite a simple way And and you already touched on this a little bit earlier, but I wanted to go back to it I mean we're at a time where we've got numerous English translations available But why is it critical for us to continue pursuing Bible study in the original languages? Because we've seen kind of an ebb and flow where this is as an area of focus It's definitely gone down at a lot of seminaries and Bible schools So talk to us about why we really need to keep pursuing that as a foundation of our studies Well, I think it's really interesting that we at least in the West have never had greater access to God's word or information about God's word and just on your cell phone You can get all sorts of information about the Bible and all sorts of apps that will help you on that So it's never been easier, but the other side is that we've never been quite so distracted You know, we've got so much entertainment that we're actually forgetting what God said now What's our job in life? Our job in life is not to be successful our job is to listen to what God says and Heed it and to be faithful to that God may give a success in all sorts of areas, but that's not our actual job So our job is to say master speak. We're listening and so that does mean that Actually listening to what God says is even more important than praying and that may shock people But surely we got to give what God says to us priority about what over what we say to God even though prayer is incredibly important so that does mean that just as today we're quite obsessed about what we eat and we have therefore all the lists of ingredients on all sorts of packets and Parents see it as their job To read the packets to know what ingredients they're giving their kids even though most parents don't think they're dietary specialists, right? so Similarly, I think ordinary Christians don't need to think of themselves as Greek scholars But they do want to take an interest in the precise Details of what God says just as we take interest in the precise number of calories and something we eat We want to know that sort of stuff So I think it's part of being a part of loving God is Really wanting to know in really precise terms. What exactly is he telling me? And why should this Greek New Testament be on the desk of every scholar and every pastor? Well, I'm not saying every pastor in the world because you know, there are all sorts of pastors with not many resources at all but I do think that What's a pastor's job? Well a pastor is a shepherd and There are a few jobs for a shepherd. The shepherd is to protect the flock But a key thing that the shepherd does is they feed the flock and so that means that just as say with a parent They are checking the ingredients before they feed their kids a responsible parent doesn't just give their kids junk food a Responsible pastor doesn't give their congregation junk food They actually are trying to make sure that what gets through nutritionally spiritually For their flock is as good as it can be and so I think that just means that of course The shepherd has to do due diligence on the nutrition content of what they pass on they need to be able to check those sort of things and They're not doing the job if they're not doing that. Does that make sense? Yeah, that makes total sense Thank you tell us about some of the different editions that are available Crossways got a couple editions. It's available online You're also working with Cambridge as well And if I remember correctly there's also going to be an audio edition and partnership with Bible Mesh So tell us kind of the vision for publication. We're just beginning out on this and we've only got one Edition, but it's got five different bindings. So it's the same wording inside and the same page layout But there are a few the three different linings or covers with Cames University Press two of them quite high-end leather ones and There's also with Crossway. There are a couple of different ones and so there's a range of beautiful Products we really want this to be beautiful, you know for the glory of God And then we got our friends at Bible Mesh who've got Some folk from a monastery in Greece to be reading this out loud So you can get the audio of that as well. The text is free They're online It's going to be available in a lot of the major Bible software as well as on apps So we're trying to push forward on that and we're going to try and produce more and more bindings more and more different Look so people can avail themselves of that. Yeah, it is nice that it's available in a range of options and prices I had a chance to look at the hardcover edition from Crossway and that actually comes with a Very nice slip case that that is in so it'll look nice on your shelf and Crossway also has a true-tone edition That's available here in the States as well Peter if the listeners want to find out more about the work of Tyndale house if they want to find out more about this Greek New Testament were a couple of places they can go on the web to do that Well to find out about Tyndale house just go simply to Tyndale house comm Tyndale house comm that's our website and that will tell you about what we do and Then for the Greek New Testament, they just go to the Greek New Testament comm So tinder house comm and the Greek New Testament comm they will tell you what you need to know Once again our book today was the Greek New Testament produced at Tyndale house Cambridge You can find out more at the Greek New Testament comm and also at Tyndale house comm Peter I just want to say thanks so much for sharing with us today. It has been a great pleasure speaking with you Thank you


Now, what are the conditions we have for a molecule to show geometrical isomerism, okay? Write on condition for a molecule to show geometrical isomerism. Condition for a molecule to show geometrical isomerism. See, geometrical isomerism is possible in three different cases. One is because of double bond, another one is because of ring and the third one is double bond inside the ring, got it? Okay? In different cases, we have GI, geometrical isomerism because of double bond, because of ring, because of double bond inside the ring. For all these possibilities, they are different, different cases, conditions we have to satisfy. Like for the first one, the condition for a double bond to show geometrical isomerism is write down, the first one GI because of double bond. The condition is the double bonded carbon atom, write down, the double bonded carbon atom must not have, must not have identical atoms or groups attached to it, identical atoms or groups attached to it, okay? So if you have any carbon-carbon double bond and if this carbon atom, the double bonded carbon atom contains identical group, where on this carbon or this carbon? This is the identical group, right? Same group present here. Then this double bond won't show geometrical isomerism, okay? It must be different. So in this case, if you have C double bond, C, PQ, PQ, here we have GI possible. One is cis, other one is trans, two GI possible. Why in this case it is not possible? Because even if it rotates, then also the relative position is same. There is no difference in the, you know, distance between the two atoms. AQ if you place here, P here, then also the molecule is same, right? That's why it is not so geometrical isomerism. So condition is the double bonded carbon atom must have two different atoms or groups attached to it. Which, there can be more than one geometrical isomer. More than one means? More than two. More than two geometrical atoms. How? In the molecule, suppose you have three double bonds. Oh, okay. I'll show you the example, okay? That's possible. Example you see? And one more thing, number of double bonded carbon atom, right, number of sp2 hybridized carbon atom, double bonded carbon atom, across which the GI is possible, that we call it as stereocentrum, okay? Right on the stereocentrum, it is the sp2 or sp3 hybridized carbon atom across which GI is possible. In case of ring, sp3 possible. Okay. Tell me this example. Do we have GI possible in this one? No. Right? No. Sir, so what do you mean by a cross which isomerism? This is the star bond, this is the star bond across this. So there will be two stereocentrum. The stereocentrum can be, you can also think about this double bond is the stereocentrum. Because across this GI. What about this one? CS3, CH, double bond CH2. Which GI is possible? No. Why? The second carbon has identical atoms. What about this one? CS3CH, double bond CH2, CS3. Yeah. Possible? Yeah. Number of stereocentrum is what? Number of stereocentrum. Two. This is the 11 bond group. Versus two carbon groups. Only one stereocentrum. No, double bond? What about the triangle? These, across these two carbon atoms we have GI possible. No, SP2, this is the SP200 carbon atom, so across this double bond GI is possible. GI is not possible across carbon atom because of double bond. So these two, GI is possible. So GI is possible in this one. This is the ampoule you see. GI is possible in this. Do we have GI possible in this one? Possible or no? Yes or no? Yes. Possible? Fourth one? No, this one, this one. Fourth one. This one, fourth one. Across this GI is possible. Because this carbon in this carbon has one hydrogen in CS35, one hydrogen in this entire group, right? Two different groups. This is one of the stereo center we have. And anyone in the center is present. GI is possible. So here one of the carbons that's part of a stereo center is the thing attached to another stereo center. Across this, it's trans-possible. Across this, it's trans-possible. Across this, it's trans-possible. So this is not the stereo center, but these two are the stereo center. But in general, it's yes. Yes. If one of the stereo center is there, GI is possible. You can draw this structure like this also. Suppose this C double bond C is this one here. CS3 is this side. H here. And suppose one hydrogen is this side. And this is CH2. CH double bond CH. CH double bond CH. This is the same problem. Anyway, it's possible. Across this possible. This is what you can also draw across this one. But here it is not possible. Okay. Fifth one. Fifth one. What here? Possible. When ring is there, then what we'll do? Can't give up. See, even if you add it the other way, nothing will happen. Sir, can I get to that carbon atom here for the same things? See, actually, when you have ring like this. See, here the condition is satisfying. Yeah. To find out this, what we'll do? Suppose you have to find out this side, what the group is attached. So you have to start from here and go this way. This side. So it is CH2, CH2, C. Right? Yes. No matter how. Clockwise it's not possible. Where will you go? We have to find out. Sir, it's not like that. Yes, so that too will go. Let me go from this side first. The other side too will go. One side will be complete. We'll go both way. Will it go like this or like this? Because we need to find out what group is attached to this side and what group is attached to this side. So, what we need is the oscillation. What we need is oscillation. Okay? Now, if these two paths are different, suppose, then it means two different groups are attached on this carbon atom. Method is the best. No logic here. Because that's the method. Other way, if there is a ring attached like this, it will go this way. Right? What you are getting? CH2 here. CH2 here and then carbon. So it means this side we have CH2, CH2, C attached to this. Or this means CH2, CH2, C. Okay? Now, this side if it was CH2, CH2, C again. So what it attached to? CH2, CH2, C. Ironical group attached, it means across this GI is not possible. Basically, if carbon is same here, it means the ironical group is attached. GI is not possible. So in this case, no GI knows to the center. If there was suppose... No reason. Yeah. So then how do you draw the two different structures? You don't have to draw anything. Suppose, my example here. Thank you very much. Suppose we have chlorine here. Okay? When you see, when you go this way, at the first carbon, we have one chlorine attached. And when you go this way, at the first carbon, we do not have chlorine attached. This only means that this path and this path is different. It means two different groups are attached. So GI is possible. You don't have to find out what group is attached to. Priority. This side will be more... This will be more... But you do not have to find out cis and trans isomer. They can ask you whether GI is possible or not. Like suppose, if they give you this compound in mid-width somewhere, and they ask you how many stereocenters are there. For example, this example is... CS3, C2, H, double bond, C, H, single bond, C, H. And there is a ring. How many stereocenters are there? Across this, GI is possible. And across this also GI is possible. Because this path and this path is different. They add two stereocenters. And first carbon, we have this group. Here we have two hydrogens. Understood this? So because of double bond, the condition is the carbon atom which are bonded with the double bond must have different group attached with it. Second one that I don't... GI because of ring. We already did it. No, ring. It's not ring. Right on GI because of ring. Condition is right on... At least two sp3 hybridized carbon atom at least two sp3 hybridized carbon atom in the ring, at least two sp3 hybridized carbon atom in the ring must be dye substituted with two different atoms on group. With two different atoms on group. Dye substituted with two different atoms on group attached. Now suppose if you have a compound like this. Okay. And here we have CS3. Here we have CS3. We do not have double bond in this compound. Only ring is there. Okay. This molecule will show geometrical isomerism and there is only one steve center which is ring in this case. Across ring GI is possible. Why because the two sp3 hybridized carbon atom has two different group attached with it. That's why it is GI possible because of ring. Correct? Up sp3. Okay. In this, do we have GI possible? If yes, then how many geometrical isomers are there? M e is a methyl. But it's not dye substituted. No, but this is symmetric. However, it's oxygen. Yeah, this is symmetric. No, it's an incident also because it's not dye substituted. It's only like three to six. What is the hydrogen? There is a hydrogen besides the methyl. Sir, it's not. Why is it not? How do we rotate it? How do we rotate it? Why do we rotate it? Oh, yeah. Here it is, I think. Possible or not? Yes, possible. Possible. How many GI possible? Six. Six. Six. Six. Six. Six. Six. Six. Six. Six. Six. The condition is, the ring must be dye substituted, at least two SG-3 hybridized carbon. Yeah, one sector. One sector? Okay. Yeah. So it is at least two. So more than two also, it's five. Okay? This carbon is SP-3? SP-3, SP-3. One is methyl, other group is what? high-tides. So two different groups are there? Yes. GI possible number of this entry is one. That is ring. Correct? So now, when you draw the structure, can draw various structure of this. The first one is when all the methyl group is coming out of the plane towards the observer. This is one possibility. What about this one? Sir, here there is only one secondary. Yes. Sir, if we have a double bond coming out of the ring, then we can have a center. Double bond in the ring. Coming out of the ring. Then we have to see across the double bond also. Yes. Double bond condition is satisfied. If it is there, then possible. Sir, here we have one more extra. This question, do you think the ring has a center? No, that carbon is not SQ3 otherwise. Ring was a carbon. Sir, if I look at that, like when two things coming out of the plane and one going in and two going in and one coming out, I can... Same. Yeah, same. So, just do that. Yeah. Okay. There are two structures possible here. See, this one is the same thing. Yeah, but you just rotate the planes. When you look at the structure this way, the two methyl groups coming towards you, right? If you look at from this side, this is the structure. If you look at from the opposite side, this is the structure. Okay. These two are same structure. Even these two are the same structure. So, only two GI possible. Either this two or this two. Correct? Understood.


Hey everyone, so I know that this updates apparently probably already out by the time you watch this the smash 3.0.0 update, but this landed yesterday while I was sleeping and spending some time with some family, so I Actually have not watched it at all. It's 15 minutes and 27 seconds So I figured I might as well live react or well not really live react I guess I just react in general to what's in this thing. I obviously know about stage builder and Joker Because that's stuff and stuff. We knew about before this, but 15 minutes and 27 seconds Let's let's see what Nintendo has in store for us Starting off with Joker Good start the show Joker. It's the moment. You've been waiting for Are you sure he can handle this I mean he's got a knife and a gun. I'm sure he'll be fine Pretty tough so different costumes Power of the heart to summon a persona Unleash the rebellious spirit growing inside you Persona.  Okay Nice I don't know anything about persona set. It's supposed to use a more powerful persona What are you talking about? It's Joker's main persona as long as you hold on to your rebellious spirit Our son will give your attacks an extra punch Wow, he can use wings instead of his grappling hook If Joker is attacked while our son is around he can counter attack with tetra card and look on a car This is Oh Isn't its entire existence a secret oh Look at that color changes depending on the music. Oh, nice I mean, yeah, yeah What just happened I Mean definitely unique I Got it. I got a good Sakurai in a team. That's that's unique. He's just taking everyone's stuff. All right Yes, and he fits in the giant gap over there Hey as the ultimate The version 3.0 update for the Super Smash Brothers Ultimate game is almost here What are we adding you ask you're about to find out but first first This stage music as part of the fighters pass Challenger pack one introduces Joker from Persona 5 With his cunning moves and knack for knives opponents will fall victim to Joker's masterful manipulation For his neutral special he wields a gun To shoot continuously press and hold the button or repeatedly tap it While shooting you can also dodge forward backward or in midair His up special fires a grappling hook It can be aimed at a diagonal angle or you can use it to pull opponents closer and latch onto edges His side special invokes a hot with a mere finger snap Oh The initial hit isn't very strong, but it does inflict additional damage over time as we have been tender And know this these are not even their final forms the full power of these special moves must be unleashed The trick his down special rebels guard Joker's rebellion gauge fills up slowly over time when he gets hit by an opponent When he's behind in terms of damage or stock and by using rebels guard He can fill the gauge faster while reducing any damage received by half If you press and hold the button after the move is activated You can even defend from combo attacks when you release the button the opponent will get knocked back Once his rebellion gauge is full He'll unmask and summon a manifestation of his persona our Sen Until the gauge runs out our Sen will assist Joker in a powerful way Return okay persona at his side Joker can deal additional damage with a pretty unique and beyond that change His neutral special upgrades to gun special It handles the same as before only now you'll fire three bullets per shot His up special transforms into wings of rebellion Using our Sen's wings. You'll swiftly rise up While this move won't deal damage, it will make you invincible for a time. So have a safe flight In this side special our Sen invokes a game will recover you now This large blast repeatedly hits opponents inflicted them with longer lasting additional damage His down special performs one of two counter attacks each triggering automatically For melee attacks, you'll counter with tetra card and projectiles can be deflected with Makara card. Oh By the way, our Sen is completely invincible And then there's Joker's final smash all out attack After cutting through foes build launch a coordinated strike with the phantom In case the first slice didn't cut it you can try again once more by tilting the control stick back in the other direction Our Sen doesn't change Joker's final smash So if you miss on the initial final smash right whenever you want How they balance this character Joker's victory screen replicates the one in Persona 5 The phantom thieves have something to say about his victories to when Joker taunts Morgana shows up His alternate costume is its Shujin Academy uniform Good thing he can use his glasses to summon our Sen. We're also adding in the new stage mementos In this mysterious underground mini twists and turns will come your way during battle and before long The phantom thieves of hearts will rush to the scene in the Morgana car If you count the arrangements 11 music tracks will be added in They're not only from Persona 5 but also from Persona 4 and Persona 3 Okay, I like that When one of these tracks from Persona 3 or Persona 4 plays at mementos the color of the stage and background will change Set your preferred playback ratio in my music the victory screen changes in the same way when Joker wins Challenger pack one will include the new fighter Joker his stage mementos and the persona music tracks when it launches on April 17 Well, if you purchase this pack you'll also get a Joker route in classic mode and Open up a special version of the spirit board You can also purchase the Super Smash Brothers ultimate fighters pass for access to this challenger package and all others for a total of five packs We're currently hard at work on the other fighters. Keep an eye out for news about them in the future Paid DLC me fighter There's based on persona. Yeah, I Try to Sonic the hedgehog. Oh You get the pay I understand the persona stuff being tied to the persona content I don't know about having to pay to access the sonic the new me fighter costumes will be available for purchase April 17 Come on. I know it's probably part of it. Is it part of the fighter pass too? No No, it's not part of the fighter pass Come on Nintendo stop finally. Let's cover the new content. Don't accept these kind of my version 3.0 update Anyways, this is what I said me about the Wii U version was these kind of micro Make your own stages and try them out immediately with the new stage builder in Handheld mode you can freely draw using the touchscreen. That's cool create moving platforms Spinning platforms whatever strikes you There are even new stage elements to choose from Hmm. They're front and back layers No changing layers you can add decorative elements to your stages That's cool When you finish a stage you can battle there by selecting it from this tab on the stage select screen Video editor whoo now you can import videos saved to your Nintendo switch system to a timeline and splice them together I don't know why this isn't just like an application editing is very simple Just pitch the parts you want to smash to do this This should just have a video editing as a background music And subtitles and choose how to transition from scene to scene Once your video is complete simply export it But creations are meant to be shared aren't they you shared a social media You can view gameplay videos and stages created and uploaded by users around the world. Oh Beyond viewing players videos and replays you can also upload and download me fighters and stages. Oh cool. Okay That makes a lot of sense If you find something you like give it a yeah Or you can even follow the person who posted it That's cool. I do like that addition of the game. Oh An app smash world is a service found in the Nintendo switch online app for smart devices Oh, they're finally adding a new game to the app already supports voice chat. Yeah, I know that And now you'll be able to easily view recommended videos and stages in smash world without starting up the game Well, these are finally doing something with the app. That's interesting The streamed via YouTube gaming Okay, so come you can also search for videos by fighter. They obviously partnered with you for the video in one place If you find something you like Simply tap the cued downloads button the next time you start up Super Smash Brothers Ultimate You can also check in-game notifications here So you create a new spirit team by using spirits in your collection. Yeah, this dude. This is useful This is the kind of stuff. I don't mind them doing with the online version 3.0 update of Super Smash Brothers Ultimate will be released on April 17 I mean The stage builders a lot cooler than I thought and I like all the online stuff Joker looks interesting very unique characters So cool. I hope you guys are enjoying playing this new update today Who knows maybe we'll check out the stage builder or something later. I do not currently have the DLC purchased Will not be purchasing it today because Joker is not necessarily a character. I am caring about I'm kind of waiting till characters that they get unveiled that I care about But still very cool, and I'll probably catch you guys later Doing a little stage creator action or playing some of your guys's stages Probably later on tonight. All right guys. Catch you later


Income tax 2021-2022, business income part one. Get ready to get refunds to the max, dive into income tax 2021-2022. Most of this information can be found in publication 334, tax guide for small business tax year 2021, income tax formula looking at line one, although we would have another schedule, basically being an income statement, income and expenses. The expenses basically being deductions, the net then flowing in to line one income of the income tax formula and page one of the 1040 we're looking at now. We've got the schedule C flowing into schedule one, then flowing into page one form 1040 line number eight. Here's an example of the schedule C, basically an income statement. Now looking at the business income, and that's gonna be the top line of in essence, the income statement that we would expect to see basically on the schedule C. So this chapter primarily explains business income and how to account for it on your tax return and what items are not considered income and gives a guideline for selected occupations. So clearly when we're thinking about income for the taxes, we've got the same kind of thing as income in general for taxes in general, meaning the IRS generally counts something as income unless they say otherwise. Now we have the added complexity of saying, well, what kind of income is it? If it's gonna be income, is it gonna be business income? Is it income I should be reporting then on the schedule C? If it's reported on the schedule C, then note that it could be subject to the self-employment taxes. So just if we're thinking about income that has to be reported somewhere or possibly maybe not have to be reported, we would rather of course not have to report income, income's good, but it's bad for taxes. It flips everything upside down. And then when we have to report it on like a schedule C, it could have a good side because that means that we can apply expenses to it as opposed to say if it was like a hobby or something like that where we don't have as much a capacity to apply expenses to it, but it also has a bad side in that we have to apply self-employment taxes to the basically the bottom line, not the income top line, but bottom line in essence of the income statement and the social security could be a lot because that's kind of like the employer and employee portion of the payroll taxes. Okay, so income, if there is a connection between any income you receive and your business, the income is business income. So obviously if you have some kind of business and the income you got is connected to it, we would expect to find that you would think on the schedule C, business income. A connection exists if it is clear that the payment of income would not have been made if you did not have the business. You have business income even if you are not involved in the activity of a regular full-time basis. So you might say, hey, I've just got like this side job where I made a few hundred thousand on the side, but I have this other W-2 job. Well, you know, even if you made like 20,000 or something on the side, it's still gonna be income even though it's not full-time job for you at that point in time, it doesn't need to be basically supporting you, for example, entirely in order to qualify as business income and for the IRS to want their share. Income from work, you do on the side, in addition to your regular job, it can be business income. For example, you may be in the business of providing services for a ride-sharing business as a second job, that's income. You report most business income such as income from selling your products or services on schedule C. That's where we're gonna put it. That's the business income sole proprietor unless you're set up at some other kind of entity, for example, but you report the income from the sale of business assets such as land, office building on other forms instead of the schedule C. So if you have business assets, even if you're a cash basis business, remember that the schedule C is basically an income statement. We don't have the balance sheet, in other words, on the tax return for sole proprietorship, but we have some balance sheet accounts, those being the property planting equipment in a sub-schedule, basically the depreciation schedule, and if we sell something, we could also have things that are kind of like business related, but they might be reported like on other forms, for example. So in any case, for information on selling business assets, you could see chapter three, so we could dive into that in more detail. Those would be selling like depreciable assets, for example, non-employee compensation. Business income includes amounts you receive in your business that were properly shown on forms 1099 in EC.  So you will likely be getting documentation showing the amount that they paid you.   So all the expenses that you have, you gotta report them on the Schedule C, otherwise the IRS will only have these 1099 in ECs, and they'll try to charge you on the top line, the gross income instead of the net income because they don't have any of the expenses. Also realize that if you're in a business where you're not working for another business, but rather for like an individual, a customer, a consumer, such as like a hair salon type of thing or something like that, then you're not gonna get a 1099 in EC because obviously the government does cannot pressure an individual to give a 1099 because they don't have the same kind of leverage because the individual doesn't get a deduction for getting their haircut, for example. So that means you're not gonna get the 1099, the IRS doesn't have the 1099, but you still have to report the income because the 1099 should just be a reporting document to double check that you're doing your job of reporting the income, right? It's the tax system supposed to be like a good faith system where you report the income that you've earned and it's turned into not so much good faith because the IRS wants to have the documentation, but even if you don't get the documentation and the IRS doesn't have it, you should still and are required to report the income. So this includes amounts reported as non-employee compensation in box one of the forum. You can find more information on the instructions on the back of the form 1099 in EC. You receive payment card and third party network transactions. If you are in a business, you may receive a form 1099K representing total dollar amounts of total reportable payments transactions. So here's another kind of format that you might get basically your business income in. Hopefully you're tracking the income on your side too, like in some kind of accounting system. So you already have your income number. Just realize that your income number on your accounting system should be or will need to be at least the sum of these documentations generally or above because you might have some income that weren't documented here. If it's below the amount reported by these documents, what's gonna happen? The IRS is gonna say, hey, wait a second, we've got a higher number on the top line, the income line, not the bottom line, not net income, the top line of the income statement higher than what you reported. We think you under reported so that you're almost surely gonna get some questioning about that, right? Because they have the documentation, the computer can come up with a question about that kind of problem. So you would think that your income would be at least the sum of those 1099s or higher. And then your net income might be quite much lower because then we have the expenses. So this may not be the amount shown, you should report as income, as it may not include all the receipts and it may include items that are not included in your receipts such as sales tax. So business income deduction, income you report on schedule C may be qualified business income in a title U to a deduction on form 1040 or 1040 SR line 13, C form 8995, A or form 8995 to figure your deduction if any. So we may dive into the business income deduction in more detail in future presentations, kinds of income, you must report your tax return, all income you receive from your business unless it is excluded by law. That's the general rule for the tax code just like kind of in general for income in general, you gotta report it unless we say otherwise if it's kind of some income related item. In most cases your business income will be in the form of cash, checks and credit card charges. That's what we would expect. That's what we kind of think of with regards to the income or how we're going to be receiving income at some point in time. Although we could of course get payments in other ways such as a barter type of transaction, don't think that a barter type of transaction is gonna be a way to exclude or get away from income at least not legally, right? Because you still have an income situation there too. So, but business income can be in other forms such as property or services. These and other types of income are explained next. If you are a US citizen who has business income from sources outside the United States for an income that is you must report that income on your tax return unless it is exempt from tax under US law. If you live outside the United States you may be able to exclude part or all of your foreign source and business income. So if you're outside the United States that can be a little bit more complex. So you wanna make sure you're diving in to the tax relationships and so on and making sure you're picking up the proper taxation in that case too. So for details you can see publication 54, tax guide for US citizens and resident aliens abroad.