Good afternoon. My name is Bob Johnson and I work as the Associate Executive Director for the Vermont Principles Association. On behalf of our sponsors, Vermont Digger, the Vermont Principles Association, the Vermont Humanities Council, and our co-sponsors, the Vermont Student Assistance Corporation, the Vermont Superintendent's Association, and Kinney Drugs, and the WE Performance Center here at T-Rex, I would like to welcome you to the 2022 Vermont Regional Competition of the Scripps National Spelling Bee. Today, students from 17 schools, elementary and middle schools in Vermont, will be competing to become Vermont's representative to the National Spelling Bee, which is held at the end of May in Washington, D.C. Before we start today, I would like to go over just a few rules for today's competitors. Today's competition is a single elimination competition. At the end of each round, students who misspell a word will be eliminated from the competition and will just leave the stage at that time. We do that at the end of each round. Rounds will continue until we are down to our last few competitors. At that time, a new criteria goes into place where a potentially winning competitor has to spell two words correctly before being declared the winner. Appeals. A speller's parent, legal guardian, or teacher coach may appeal for a speller's reinstatement if the speller has incorrectly spelled a word. The appeal must be written and give the name of the student and the word in question. And by the way, to file an appeal, you fill out a card, which is right down here with a pen, and you have to give your reason for the appeal. This needs to be done by the end of the round or before the speller would normally spell their next word. Index cards are available in the front and should be handed to the judges between spellers. The judges will consider the appeal, their decision is final. Please note that you may file only an appeal for your student. You cannot file on behalf of someone else, or you cannot file and say someone else made a mistake that we didn't pick up on. We also ask that you turn off your cell phone and that everyone be as quiet as possible in the restriction movements during the competition. I tell this very quick story of a couple of years ago I was at a GOB competition and I told everyone to turn off their cell phone, everyone did, and then one rang, and it was mine. I was a little bit embarrassed to say the least. The acoustics in this place are fantastic. So again, we encourage you to move at a very minimal amount and to keep your conversations down. The judges for today's competition are Mr. Christopher Kaufman Ilstrup, Executive Director of the Vermont Humanities Council, Mr. Scott Giles, President and CEO of the Vermont Student Assistance Corporation, and Ms. Maggie Cassidy, Deputy Managing Editor for Vermont Digger. Our recorder for the day is Linda Raisen from the Vermont Humanities Council. Today's pronouncer is Mr. Jonah Moose, and again, before you start, I would ask you to turn off your cell phones and keep the conversations to a minimum. Now I would like to turn this competition over to Mr. Moose and let him begin. Welcome, spellers, with a similar word. Your word is turtle and it is a reptile of an order of reptiles that are distinguished by a trunk more or less enclosed in a shell of bony dermal plates that is usually covered externally with horn shields and by jaws that are toothless. Your word is turtle. Turtle, T-U-R-T-L-E, turtle. You're doing great. Your word is skydiving. Skydiving, S-K-Y-D-I-V-I-N-G, skydiving. Your word is banana. B-A-N-A-N-A, banana. Your word is timber. Timber, T-I-M-B-E-R, timber. Your word is brick. Brick, B-R-I-C-K, brick. This word has a homonym. Your word is moose. It is a noun and it means a large ruminant mammal with humped shoulders, long legs and broadly palmated antlers that inhabits forested areas of Canada, the northern United States, Europe and Asia. The word is moose. Moose, M-O-O-S-E, moose. This word has a near homonym. The word is wafer. It is a noun and it means a thin crisp cake or cracker. The word is wafer. Wafer, W-A-F-E-R, wafer. Your word is cloudy. Cloudy, C-L-O-U-D-Y, cloudy. Your word is torch. Torch. Definition. Is a burning stick of resinous wood or twist of rope or chain used to give light and usually carried in the hand. Torch. Torch, T-O-R-C-H, torch. Your word is empty. Empty, E-M-T-Y. Empty. You're at a holder. I think you have. Which number are you? Number 11 should be next. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is bother. It's a verb and it means to force unwelcome attention or company on, to pester, to disturb. The word is bother. B-O-T-H-E-R, bother. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is manta. It is a noun and it means a large ray that averages 22 feet and width with a weight reaching 3,000 pounds, having the bodily, dorsal ventrally flattened often to an extreme degree and it has a pair of movable cephalic lobes using guiding small fishes into the nearby toothless mouth. Will you repeat the word? Yes. The word is manta. Manta. Manta. The part of speech. It's a noun. I'll read it as a sentence. Okay. Nadim saw a young male manta while scuba diving in Hawaii. Manta. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is prone. It's an adjective and it means having a tendency, propensity or inclination, disposed or predisposed. The word is prone. Prone. P-R-O-N-E, prone. Your word is motto. Motto. Can I have the definition? It's a noun and it's a short suggestive expression of a guiding principle. Motto. M-O-T-T-O, motto. Your word is pear. Excuse me. This word has a hominem. The word is pear. It's a noun and it means the fleshy oblong fruit of a tree that is generally larger at one end and has grit cells throughout the flesh. The word is pear. Pear. P-E-A-R. Pear. Your word is trendy. Trendy. T-R-E-N-D-Y. Trendy. This concludes round one. Thank you to Sophia. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is system. It's a noun and it means a group of related natural objects or forces. Can I please have the word in a sentence? Trey plans to keep an eye on the approaching weather system as he organizes his trip. System. S-Y-S-T-E-M system. Your word is astute. Astute. A-S-T-U-T-E. Astute. Your word is kilt. Um could I hear the word again? Kilt. Could I have the definition? It is a pleated wraparound skirt usually of tartan reaching from the waist to the knees worn by men and boys in Scotland and especially by Scottish regiments in the British armies. Kilt. K-I-L-T. Kilt. Your word is skirmish. Could I please have the word in the sentence? Both countries hoped that the border skirmish would not trigger a war. Could I have the word again? Skirmish. Skirmish. S-K-I-R-M-I-S-H. Skirmish. Your word is fluid. Fluid. F-L-U-I-D. Fluid. This word has a homonym. The word is marshal. It's an adjective and it means belonging or relating to an army or to military life. The word is marshal. Marshal. M-A-R-S-H-A-L-L. Your word is privet. P-R-I-V-E-T. Your word is furnace. Furnace. F-U-R-N-A-C-E. Furnace. Your word is infiltrate. Infiltrate. I-N-F-I-L-T-R-A-T-E infiltrate. This word has a homonym. Your word is casino. It's a noun that means a building or room for the act of playing a game and consciously risking money or other stakes on its outcome. The word is casino. Casino. C-A-S-I-N-O casino. Your word is maximum. It is a noun. It is the greatest quantity or value attainable in a given case. Maximum. M-A-X-I-M-U-M. Maximum. This word has a homonym. The word is gram. And it's an adjective and its meaning is made wholly or largely of whole wheat flour. Gram. There's an alternate spell, alternate pronunciation of gram. Gram. G-R-A-M. Gram. Your word is climate. I have the definition. The prevailing set of conditions as of temperature, humidity, or freshness of atmosphere in any place. Climate. Climate. C-L-I-M-A-T-E climate. Your word is factoid. Can you use an ascendance, please? Although Jason was a trivia buff, the factoid he needed to win the game eluded him. Can you define that please? Can you define that please? The definition is a briefly stated and usually trivial assertion statement or piece of information containing or purporting to contain something having objective reality. Factoid. F-A-C-T-O-I-D. Factoid. Your word is marvelous. Marvellous. M-A-R-V-E-L-O-U-S. Marvellous. This concludes round two. Thank you to Tanjean and Leia. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is nurture. It's a verb and it means to further the development of, to promote the growth of, to foster. The word is nurture. Can you please say the definition, please? To further the development of, to promote the growth of, to foster. Can you say it in a sentence? Suki knew it was unhealthy to nurture a grudge, but she couldn't seem to help it. N-U-R-C-T-U-R-E, nurture. This word has a hominem. The word is pigeon. It's a noun and its definition is a bird having a stout body with rather short legs, a bill horned at the tip, but with a soft sear at the base and smooth and compact plumage. The word is pigeon. P-I-G-E-O-N pigeon. Your word is satellite. Could I have the definition, please? A celestial body orbiting another of larger size. Could you use it in a sentence? Earth has only one natural satellite, the moon. Could you repeat the word again? Satellite. S-A-T-E-L-L-I-G-E satellite. Your word is intricate. Could you say it in a sentence, please? Kieran listened intently as the clock maker described the intricate internal mechanism of the clock. Can you repeat the word again? Intricate. Intricate. I-N-T-R-I-C-K-E-T intricate. Your word is permafrost. Permafrost. P-E-R-M-A-F-R-O-S-T permafrost. Your word is distinctive. Distinctive. D-I-S-T-I-N-C-T-I-V-E. Your word is cooperate. Cooperate. C-O-O-P-E-R-A-T-E cooperate. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is measly. It's an adjective and its definition is contemptibly small. Your word is measly. Measly. M-E-A-S-L-Y Measly. Your word is version. Version. V-E-R-S-I-O-N version. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is element. It's a noun and its definition is one of the simple substances air, water, fire, and earth of which according to early natural philosophers the physical universe was composed. The word is element. Element. E-L-E-M-E-N-T. Element. This word has a near hominem. The word is scrapple. It's a noun and it means mush containing pieces of leftover meat made by boiling cornmeal in the liquid in which bones and meat have been boiled, seasoned with condiments and herbs, poured into a mold to cool and served sliced and fried. The word is scrapple. Scrapple. S-C-R-A-P-P-L-E scrapple. Your word is nominee. Nominee. Could you define that place? It's a person named or proposed for an office, duty, or position, especially a candidate selected to represent a party in an election. Nominee. N-O-M-I-N-E-E. Nominee. That is correct. Your word is whereas. Whereas. W-H-E-R-E-A-S. Whereas. That is correct. This concludes round three. Thank you to Cade and Zalania. I have a message here, spellers. If you're going to keep your mask on, you do not need to put the mic cover on, but if you take your mask off to spell, then you need to put the mic cover on. Okay. Thank you. Your word is bubonic. Tell me the definition. The definition is of or attended with an inflammatory swelling of a lymph gland that is due to the absorption of infective material. It's an adjective and I'm going to use it in a sentence. If diagnosed early, bubonic plague can be successfully treated with antibiotics. Okay. B-U-B-O-N-I-C. Your word is factorial. Could I have the definition, please? It's an adjective that means involving or based on replication with a variable introduced in each replicate. Factorial. F-A-C-T-O-R-I-A-L. Factorial. Your word is brethren. Brethren. Could I have the definition, please? It is a plural noun. It means ones related or linked to others by some common tie or interest as of shared rank, profession, membership in a society, suffering or labor. Brethren. Brethren. B-R-E-T-H-E-R-E-N. Brethren. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is terminus. It's a noun and its definition is either end of a transportation line, travel route, pipeline, tunnel or canal. The word is terminus. Can you repeat it? Terminus. Can you repeat it again? Terminus. R-M-I-N-E-S-S. Your word is tubular. Could you please repeat that? Tubular. Tubular. T-U-B-U-L-A-R. Tubular. Your word is annotate. Annotate. Definition. It is a verb and it means to make or furnish especially critical or explanatory notes usually on a literary work or subject. Annotate. Annotate. A-N-N-O-T-A-T-E. Annotate. Your word is krypton. Definition, please. It is a colorless inert gaseous element that occurs in air and in natural gases and is used in electric lamps as in small quartz lamps for extremely bright illumination. Krypton. Can you use it in a sentence please?  Is there an alternative, alternative pronunciation for this word? Yes. Krypton. Krypton. C-R-Y-P-T-O-N. Krypton. Your word is yardang. Can I have the definition please? It is a noun and its definition is a sharp crested ridge carved by wind erosion from soft but coherent deposits as clay sand. Any alternative pronunciations? No. Okay. Yardang. Y-A-R-D-A-N-G. Your word is pollutant. Pollutant. Can I have the definition? Any substance, medium or agent that makes something physically impure or unclean? Pollutant. Pollutant. P-O-L-L-U-T-A-N-T. Pollutant. Your word is rictus. Can you define that please? It is a gaping mouth or grimace. Can you use it in a sentence please? Rubens face was frozen in a rictus of horror during the movie's last scene. Can you repeat the word? Rictus. R-I-C-T-U-S. Rictus. Your word is pedantry. Can you repeat the word please? Pedantry. What's the definition? An ostentatious, narrowly academic or unimaginative presentation or application of knowledge or learning especially by a teacher or scholar. Pedantry. Pedantry. P-E-D-A-N-T-R-Y. Pedantry. This concludes round four. Thank you to Camden, Colin and Quinn. This word has a homonym. The word is maze. It's a noun and its definition is the ripened ears of corn from a tall American cereal grass. The word is maze. M-Z-E maze. This word has a near homonym. The word is pathos. It's a noun and it means an element in experience or an artistic representation evoking pity or compassion. Can you repeat the word please? Pathos. Could I have it in a sentence? The actress was highly praised for the pathos she evoked in her death scene. Could I have the origin? The word is from Greek. Could I hear the definition once more? An element in experience or an artistic representation evoking pity or compassion. Pathos. P-E-Y-T-H-A-S. Pathos. Your word is toilsome. Toilsome. Marked by or full of fatiguing work or effort. Arduous and laborious. Are there any alternate pronunciations? There are not. Could you please repeat the word? Toilsome. Toilsome. T-O-I-S-O-M. Toilsome. Your word is ventricle. Ventricle. V-E-N-T-R-I-C-L-E. Ventricle. Your word is inducement. Are there any alternate pronunciations? Yes. Inducement. Inducement. The two pronunciations are inducement and inducement. I don't really hear a difference. What's the definition? The definition is a motive or consideration that leads one to action. Can I hear the pronunciations again? Inducement or inducement? Inducement. I-N-D-U-C-E-M-E-N-T. Your word is topidity. Topidity. Can you repeat the word? Topidity. Can I have a definition? Luke warmness. Can you use it in a sentence? The topidity of the audience's response embarrassed the orchestra conductor. Are there any alternate pronunciations? The alternate pronunciation is topidity. Topidity. T-E-P-E-D-I-T-Y. Topidity. This word has a near homonym. The word is meridian. It's a noun and the definition is a great circle of the celestial sphere passing through its poles and the zenith of a given place. The word is meridian. Can you use that word in a sentence? The apparent solar day is measured by the interval of time between two successive passages of the sun across the observer's celestial meridian. Meridian. M-A-R meridian. Your word is arbitrary. Arbitrary. B-I-T-A-R-Y. Arbitrary. That is correct. This concludes round five. Thank you to Elena, Dash, Amelia, and Mehta. Your word is quasar. Can you tell me the definition? A region at the center of a galaxy that produces an extremely large amount of radiation. Quasar. Q-U-A-S-A. Quasar. This word could be confused with a similar word. The word is hubris. It's a noun and its definition is overweening pride or self-confidence, arrogance. The word is hubris. Hubris. H-U-B-R-I-S hubris. Your word is bandicoot. Bandicoot. Bandicoot. Can I have the definition please? It's a noun that means any of a certain small active insectivorous and herbivorous marsupial mammals found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. Okay bandicoot. B-A-N-D-I-C-O-O-T. Your word is surrealist. Surrealist. S-U-R-R-E-A-L-I-S-T. Surrealist. That is correct. Your word is newbuck. Can you tell me the definition? It's a noun and its definition is a soft, suede leather. Newbuck. N-E-W-B-U-C-K. Newbuck. Your word is filial. Filial definition. Of or relating to a son or daughter especially, suitable to a child in relation to his or her parents. Filial. Can you use it in a sentence? During adolescence some children feel uncomfortable with any demonstration of filial affection in public. Filial. P-H-I-L-L-I-A-L. Filial. This word has a near hominem. The word is ethanol. It's a noun and its definition is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid formed by fermentation. Are there any alternate pronunciations? The alternate pronunciation is ethanol. Ethanol. Okay. Ethanol. E-T-H-A-N-O-L. Ethanol. That is correct. Thank you. Your word is homicide. Homicide. H-O. This concludes round seven. Thank you to Caleb and Archer. Both spell it correct, we proceed on. If one spells it incorrectly and the other one spells it correct and the student who spells it correct gets a second word. If they get the second word correct then they are the winner. If they both spell it correct then you can do what you want. You clear with that? You ready? Nervous? You've done great. Good luck. And then so you get it right then but you know what one of the wrong ones is, right? Whoever, if you get it wrong and she got it right then she would have the chance for another word. If she gets that other word correctly then she wins. If she misses it then you both come back. You can both sit up in the first row if you want. This word has a homonym. The word is tempura. It's a noun and its definition is fritters of seafood and vegetables fried in deep fat. Tempura. Any alternate pronunciations? Tempura and tempura. Language of origins? The word is from Japanese. Tempura. Tempura. Anything else? Use it in sentence like this. The waiter brought a small dish of vegetable tempura as an appetizer. Okay on tempura. T-e-m-p-u-r-a? That is correct. Your word is pursuit. Pursuit. P-u-r-s-u-i-t. Pursuit. This word could be confused with a similar word. Your word is tremulous. It's an adjective and its definition is quivering or shaking. Tremulous. Could you use an sentence please? Dakota's tremulous voice betrayed how nervous she was. Could you? Alternate pronunciations, yeah. There are no alternate pronunciations. Tremulous. Is it like tremulous? Okay. T-r-e-m-u-l-o-u-s. Your word is hydroponic. Hydroponic. What's the definition? Of or relating to the growing of plants in nutrient solutions with or without sand, gravel, or other inert medium to provide mechanical support. Hydroponic. Y-d-r-o-p-o-n-i-c. Your word is unmoored. Unmoored. Can I have the definition please? Loose from or as if from chains, lines, or other devices by which an object as a boat is secured in place. Unmoored. Alternate pronunciations. Unmoored. Unmoored. U-n-o-o-r-e-d. Unmoored. The word is flabbergast. Flabbergast. F-l-a-b-b-e-r-g-a-s-t. Flabbergast. This word has a near hominem. The word is secession. It is a noun and its definition is formal withdrawal from an organization as a religious communion or political party or federation. Secession. Any alternate pronunciations? No. Okay. Secession. S-e-c-e-s-s-i-o-n. Secession. That is correct. Thank you. Your word is fascinator. Could you repeat the word? Fascinator. Fascinator. F-a-s-c-i-n-a-t-o-r. Fascinator. That is correct. Your word is resume. Resume definition please. A brief account of one's education and professional experience. Okay. Alternate pronunciations I guess. Are there any? There are. There's one. Resume. Okay. Resume. Or resume. R-e-s-u-m-e resume. The word is terracotta. Terracotta. T-e-r-r-a-c-o-t-t-a terracotta. That is correct. Your word is spontaneity. I'm just thinking of it. Okay. Can I have the definition please? The quality or state of being unconstrained or impulsive. Spontaneity. Spontaneity. An alternate pronunciation is spontaneity. Okay. That helps. Spontaneity or spontaneities. S-p-o-n-t-a-n-e-i-t-y. Your word is fervorous. Could you say it again please? Fervorous. E-r-v-e-r-o-u-s. Fervorous. What's the, am I allowed to ask what the actual spelling is? F-e-r-v-o-r-o-u-s. Your word is logarithmic. And what happens if I get this word right? No, she's supposed to spell it twice. Excuse me? Well, I think she should have spelled that word that you expelled. Yeah. If you could just one right, she would mean it. Okay. Yeah. Okay. Thanks, Bob. Logarithmic. Can I have the definition please? Of involving or expressed in terms of the exponent that indicates the power to which a number must be raised to produce a given number. Any alternate pronunciations? The ultimate pronunciation is logarithmic. Okay. Logarithmic, right? L-o-g-a-r-i-t-h-m-i-c. That's correct. Well done. So we went 14 rounds. So our winner is Elise, Camel's Hump Middle School. And our runner up is Claire from Crosset Brook Middle School. Who were our two before that? Who were two others? And third place? Yes. Would have been Archer Beth. And wasn't there one other? Fourth place? No, wasn't there they both went out in the same round? I didn't hear them. Yes, they both went out in the same round. Caleb Spence. That was really impressive. Well done, both of you. Everybody. Okay. Well, congratulations to everyone and to all of these fellows. We went so well tonight. Okay. First of all, congratulations to all the students for being in today's competition. It was a great competition. Again, give them a round of applause. At this point, we would like to present the individual medals to all participants who are here. As I call your name, please come forward to accept your individual awards. From the Albany Community School, Medea Uri. From Bethel Elementary School, Sophia Fours. Sophia here? Okay. Right there. From the Main Street School, Camden Buckley. From the Mountain River School, Amelia Rossiter. From the North Hero Elementary School, Zeliana Morse. From the Orwell Village School, Elenia Allard. From the Shelburne Community School, Quinn Tyler. From the South Royalton School, Daria Baloo. From the Riverside School, Collin Randall. From Thetford Academy, Leah Crossett. From Waterford Elementary School, Tenjenny Dimmick. From the West Rutland School, Cade Borosa. Now tied for third place, from Brighton Elementary School, Archer Beth. And also from Richmond Richford, excuse me, Junior Senior High School, Caleb Spence. Now, for both of you, what I want you to know is you'll also be getting a plaque. We only have one plaque because we didn't expect to have two third place. But I'll be sending it to both of your schools, okay? Congratulations. Thank you. Second place from Crossett Brook Middle School, Claire Palmer. And this year's champion from Camelshump Middle School, Elise Conoyer. That concludes the competition today. Again, give a round of applause to all the students. Elise, don't go very far because you and your parents or whoever's here with you needs to talk with Sadie, okay? Thank you all very much for being here today.


Russians sent 70-year-old T-55 tanks to attack Robertine. It ended badly. After a brutal four-month defense against a Russian force ten times its size, the Ukrainian army's 110th Mechanized Brigade last Friday finally quit the ruins of Abdiivka in eastern Ukraine, just northwest of Russian-occupied Donetsk, according to Forbes. The 110th Brigade fought until it ran out of ammunition. It is noted that sensing weakness as the 110th Brigade retreated, the Russian army attacked in several sectors along the 600-mile front of Russia's two-year wider war on Ukraine. But not every Ukrainian brigade is as tired, outnumbered and ammo-starved as the 110th is. Ukrainian forces not only held the line last weekend, they inflicted heavy casualties on the overconfident Russian brigades and regiments, including at least one unit that tried to assault Ukrainian positions in the south in unupgraded 70-year-old T-55 tanks. That unit, apparently from the 42nd Motor Rifle Division, got wrecked as it crossed from west to east, a mile of flat terrain separating Russian lines from positions held by the Ukrainian army's 65th Mechanized Brigade in Robertine, one of the largest settlements the Ukrainians liberated last summer. The 65th Brigade threw everything it had at the Russian assault group, which numbered dozens of 41-ton four-person T-55s, 13-ton MT-LB armored tractors with room for 13 people, and 13-ton BMP fighting vehicles with space for 11, firing cluster shells and anti-tank missiles and flinging explosive first-person view drones. The 65th Brigade defeated the attack and exacted some revenge for the men and women of the 110th Brigade, who died defending Avdivka, according to Forbes. As the dust settled, open-source analyst Andrew Perpetua counted all along the front line 28 damaged, destroyed and abandoned Russian tanks and fighting vehicles. He counted just six damaged, destroyed and abandoned Ukrainian tanks and fighting vehicles.


While we do have a large family of chips, what we really want to talk about is our complete circuit ecosystem made of hardware and software. Behind the scenes the ISO26262 standard, which is the basis of our hardware and software development. Concerning the hardware, we are among the first companies bringing fully certified ACLD microcontroller into the market. Concerning software, our process has been certified by German certification authority, it translates into products like MCAL and complex drivers. All of that is the basis for our upcoming applications and autonomous driving, that's our value proposition for those customers who intend to invest in that market.


He always has those eyes up, tried to pocket feet at the holiday and Murray got his hands in there. And White takes it right back, floats it up JV. Derrick White is locked in right now. What a play from Derrick White. Holiday inbounds to the backcourt from Murray. Matched up with Drew Holiday, Murray scores it, come on. There he comes, the choke right there. Plus the foul. From the Celtics perspective? No, because Tate and the KB. If you watch the Bucks closely, they'll win by 40 at home and they're like, they'll lose by 10 on the road. Gets it to JV. Numbers for the Celtics, Brown and Turba. 20, first half points for Jalen Brown. That's the way to push the ball. Yolkish if this guy is ambidextrous. And it's an incredible pass from Tatum. Two minutes into the fourth, it's just easy and strong. Yeah, you see how he's going where he wants, when he wants. Brown for three, counting. Making everything else. Brown with his 13th form. Holiday leaks out, Wads makes it in. Time out, Denver. One rimmed it, Watson ripped it away. His eyes up, finds Porzingis. Driving on Yolkish, just a little bit of space is enough for KB. He's got Porzingis on the block and they clear it out and Yolkish missed it. Still a two possession game. Celtics down by six, Holiday steps back. The Celtics have lost back to back games. Both tight one breakers at Cleveland and now at Denver. Celtics highlights are presented by Metro by T-Mobile.


Привет, ребята. Хорошего видеть вас. Надеюсь, что все были хорошими. Я здесь, чтобы поговорить про тестовый фронт и часть нашей вебапликации. Когда мы разработаем вебапликацию, это не достаточно для того, чтобы просто тестить наши виды и тестить, что мы напоминаем правильные хтмл, дать правильные квирисы и эти квирисные информации для браузера, для того, чтобы consumить хттп. Иногда в вебапликеции браузер-интеракционная часть является очень комплексной. И в этих днях все пытаются построить синглпейсовую вебапликуцию, где вы не должны расширить пейс, вы просто делаете информацию назад и назад, и вы идете в фейсбук пейс, вы идете в гиммейл пейс, и вы expects everything to be smooth and working. И для теста мы должны делать синглпейс, мы должны делать все тесты с одной стороны и с другой стороны, как это выглядит. Самый популярный пейс для теста с синглпейсом, я буду объяснить, как работать с ним и покинуть какие-то лучшие практики, которые мы используем, когда мы работаем с синглпейсами с синглпейсом. Инстализация с синглпейсом не usual people install selenium, but the second part is a bit extra is that selenium automates real browsers and it needs a bit of intermediary layer between a real browser and this library. It communicates with a browser where HTTP and JSON protocol called web driver protocol. It is actually now a W3C specification which is going to be adopted soon. It is currently a candidate release and Mozilla and Google are working to implement it in their browsers. They have already actually implemented it. Those web driver drivers which you have to install are released by Mozilla and Google themselves. They keep them in sync with their releases. Installing them is so you just go to the website, download those drivers on a path in your system and that's mostly it. There are a couple more steps so you should know if you mention, if you find those on web pages. There is a tool for orchestration those browsers called selenium server which you don't need and there is a tool called phantom.js browser. We will get to it later but mostly it's a headless mode for running browser which renders page but renders it only in memory and you don't have to display application on a graphics server. So imagine we have already installed selenium tool and just like funny and easily we can interact with Python we can interact with a browser we import web driver from a library and we initiate a web browser instance like this one this one. It even notifies us that this instance is being controlled remotely. Once we have it we can issue commands to it and it opens a page for us. Other than that we can find an element on this page and in this browser we give command find element by name and as it is iPython not just a real console shell we can see things here see methods we can use driver, cookies, file detector lots of find element options for you to use. We have this element in a page DOM and we can use it we can just auto-completion Remini and I could not switch window fast enough we are already here let's close it not the element but the driver that was the easy part in this part we briefly showed that we can interact with browser we can find elements in a web page we can find them by their names by their CSS classes we can find a language for querying element in a tree called xpath and by link text for a button or for a href and so we can click all the things and we can type all the things and there are lots of methods to use find element or find elements by something they are actually relying on one internal method called find by find by something which is by id by xpath by selector and all the other utility methods just call to it usually in our internal method we would be relying on this one internal find element or find elements if you want to get this complex xpath selector we can use chrome dev tools find some element here for example this image this is the image in DOM tree document object model tree and for this image we can copy xpath of this element xpath for this image looks like this that's the query any element id is and we can try to use it and it will return us element to work with all the tools we have we have ability to query we have ability to interact with page and that's usually when tutorials stop and present you with future opportunity ok go build things it's easy like drawing an owl and let's try to draw an owl we will be drawing an owl of an application which is a demo for Angular 2 framework when you try to learn Angular 2 they give you a demo which you go through steps and it gives you eventually application called tour of heroes it has a dashboard there are some heroes and you can interact with those things you can open one you can change it you can click save and it will wait a second and go back to dashboard that's what we will try to test I have written a little test case for this and I will go through it here we just initiate a browser and ask it to go to this web page we are testing then ugly thing called time sleep because Angular applications they take some time to load libraries they take time to load assets and if we try to interact with page just after we get there we will get an error it will not work, it will not test it will be fails positive error and it will fail so we will sleep a little after that we test list of heroes we find element by CSS selector model hero that's here when I was looking for it I found this element this div class model hero and this model hero is so we find those elements we look the list is of four elements and that's the first test second test we go the same place we take first element in this list we click on it we again sleep wait for some interaction to happen and we get to details page details page look like this details we can click here and something will happen on this page we find again another element by CSS syntax we find input we send keys just like we did with google and we find element called button with text save we click in it we sleep again and we get to our front page we expect it to have text Dave but in pytest syntax we called driver queued which will close our browser let's test it it opens browser it opens this page interacted, changed clicked and we have Dave to test passed ok great success and now to the ugly part ugly pie was called so for a reason why it is ugly ugly thing here is those timeouts yes just click application take time to load and we have to wait for a bit but when we hard write those timeouts like 2 seconds here, 2 seconds those those 2 seconds are never proper time to wait sometimes the pages take longer time to load there is network latency there is google analytics in your page there is like buttons they sometimes load slow and your page may take 3 seconds to load and this test still should have passed but we have 2 seconds sometimes your web page loads faster it's like half a second and in this case 2 seconds is too slow it takes too much time we should have been just went on your test could have been faster to deal with it selenium provides 2 things first is implicitly wait for all elements to finish so when it tries to find an element on a page it waits for 3 seconds it tries to find it for 3 seconds tries, waits, tries, waits and second part is a bit more complex it waits only for some elements first is easy to setup but I would recommend you not to use it because you don't want to wait for each element to load sometimes when your page is loading it is ok but when your page has already been loaded and you don't change anything if you don't find an element you expected to find it means something is broken you should just show the test has failed and go on implicit is not recommended recommended is just to explicitly wait for some things you want to wait and second part which is ugly about this test it's too repetitive it repeats itself with locators, it repeats itself with pages it is not an easy experience to deal with and writing test must be easy because when it is difficult to write test when it is difficult to understand what it does we should try to do better we should try to design tests which would be easy to understand and easy to extend and easy to maintain and there is a pattern called page object when we try to encapsulate a web page as a python object python objects are great we use them we can extend them we can inherit them and we can hide a lot of logic and details in those objects and classes and they will make our tests better let's take a look how we can use it we have pagespy and we initiate base page we will hide driver instance in it and we will hide waiting for this page to be loaded this will be enough for a moment and our first version will use only this base page just a simple object and a little extension of this base page called dashboard page which will have hero locator to not repeat itself several times and which will have a property which returns heroes after that our test looks much nicer we just initiate dashboard page we open it and we get length and we get text of first element let's try to improve it when we try to improve it our second our second attempt would be to just repeat what we have done with an ugly test let's try to edit things when editing things we will go to another page and ok we will implement this other page also as a page object in our pages we will define class called edit page we will define a method which will wait for it to be loaded we will try to open it and we will also hide some details about this page in a class so we will not be dealing with explicit locator strings in our tests in our tests we will just ask gimme hider gimme name like this our dashboard page it opened it's mostly the same as it was I just hide a name and ID of first hero we click it we go to edit page and we check it is loaded pretty self-explanatory and we check that name is in hider and then the second page second test we load this page explicitly we open it then we clean everything from here type something new save button we don't go into locator string we just type save button click and after that we expect dashboard page to be loaded and first text to be dave let's try it something went wrong let's try it again and take a look at what happens in the browser first test passed ok, second test we had dave we went back to home and it's still narco strange let's try it here we go here tour of heroes, details click save and nothing happens why? I guess we just found a bug in Google tutorial for Angular 2 it worked when we were using ugly test when we went dashboard to the item change, save and it changed but if we went directly to URL it did not work that's a nice test it exposed bug and it also shows we should not combine several things into one test when we combined go to dashboard, click go back it worked when we tried going directly to edit page it didn't it's a nice test we will not be fixing their page right now we will go into details that's one of the things which you should do and you shouldn't do test small things by as small tests as possible one test for one condition testing those small things can get slow because browsers are slow and javascript is fast to execute but slow to load and what I wanted to say it's okay to cut corners here like if you are testing a web application that is an online store or some admin panel which needs login functionality and it would take few seconds each time each of your tests login user you should cut corner here you should not make your users login you should not make your tests login login each time you run something you should there are ways to do it you can just create some quick login URL just don't expose it in production like you go to some URL and you are automatically logged as a user ID something or you can login once and save cookies and instead of really logging in into your application you just substitute cookies header into your browser and test other things it's okay to cut corners a bit controversial advice here but totally logical селениум you can use requests you can use regular tests for jango and flask to test what your API returns is json right or not on what to use xpath or css sometimes css does not cut it but bonus for css is that everybody knows it all the web developers know how to compose those queries so usually use css xpath only when it is not enough there are tools for when you build this framework of a page object you can also implement into it tools called needle celenium has a feature to save a page or save a part of the page and but it's still low level that you should use it in your page object class and in this page object class other people have already done it and you just plug in those functionality in page object class you are building and you can compare screenshots of a page before and after some change and you can see that your web design has not been broken it still looks the same if it was supposed to look the same if it was changed you will need to regenerate baseline images those images you are comparing to some people say that frameworks are just collection of other people hacks and of course there are frameworks around my favorite one is bok choy it's a pun because there was a framework named after some cabbage in ruby language and they were developing a framework for acceptance testing in python and they named it bok choy it is nose based framework which extends Selenium and implements needle and implements some other nice helper tools I used it and I liked it but there are other notable piacenter a bit unmaintained and a new one called webium from Wargaming company and that's mostly it thank you I am now welcoming your questions we've got time for some questions we have a microphone please raise your hand if you have one thank you very much for your talk when do you choose to use Selenium and when do you choose to do the requests tests if we are working with browser things if there are mechanics that happen in a browser javascript you have to use Selenium if there is only check for some element is present in an html of a page some element is present in json response of your web server it is easy to check with requests and requests are 100 times faster than Selenium those things should not be sent to a browser it will save your life hello thank you for your talk I choose Selenium it has a big web application problem I had there when I obviously used wait for element it found this element and the problem is that wait for element is not an atomic operation which means that if another thing on the site changes in the meantime it would put the virtual cursor at the location which would then be invalid and it would click an image that loaded in the meantime so obviously I can't wait for all the elements because there might be javascript that constantly loads things so what do you do in such a situation where your site layout might change and you don't like it's not not too monistic that it changes and you can't really wait for everything to stop getting data what do you do in such a situation I have showed in my test exactly this question I had when Angular views are loading some elements and then they build a structure in those elements inside maybe they don't load all other things all images all styles we don't wait for them key is to understand which element has to load in your document object model like on our first page if there is a list of heroes present we can assume that the page has loaded if on the second page and the input on this page we can assume this page has loaded and we can start interact with them thank you very much for the talk I also have a question about two questions actually about Selenium I'm abusing it to run nagius checks so I'm constantly running like every five minutes running login checks and web applications and what problems I've had are one, the driver doesn't die so when I quit or close Selenium I can see dead processes I'm not sure if I'm doing something wrong or why the web driver process isn't dying on machines that's just a feature of Selenium driver it doesn't close your browser automatically you have to call quit explicitly if you want it to close and also I can recommend if you want to run this thing continuously on your server you should try either running a phantom.js like here when we were just initializing driver web driver chrome you can initialize web driver phantom.js or you can initialize chrome with some options and it will run in headless mode it will still pop up application but it will not require graphic server you can run it on EC2 instance elastic computing, amazon instance you can run it on linux server without display at all it will consume much less memory and you can have it running constantly and it sounds good the other problem was that it was filling up my temp so when the browser died it was leaving artifacts in the temp so I could see the memory usage and the machine rising and also disk usage so it was leaving behind in the temp directory quite a large chrome footprint so what I was doing I was just chronic deleting the processes and but I guess then you have to write your launcher script which would clean up after that and kill instance if it does not die maybe you have outdated Selenium driver with some issues or maybe you have outdated browser thank you thank you for the talk I wanted to ask two questions if I can the first one about you had error in Angular which prevented you which raised the failure I'm assuming that's a javascript error so is there a way you could return that trace back for instance for that javascript failure from dev console of chrome or maybe from the headless driver and the second question I have is which versions of chrome does the web driver support and basically who maintains it is it something from Selenium external can you write your own drivers thank you Selenium does not give javascript trace back unless you set up something in your page which would but short answer is no Selenium does not give you trace back Selenium just indicates the problem but by the way when you mention it when you build those page object classes exceptions for you to use Selenium exceptions are I haven't found something I could not locate an element but you when you expect those things to happen in your page objects like locate a search box or try to type something there you can raise your own exceptions and they might be more convenient for you and make debugging a bit easier and also when Selenium meets a page which is not some element missing but full blown Django exception yellow page database could not connect you could also detect the situation and raise more meaningful exception not some element was not found of course there was not element found on that yellow page that Django raised textual exception from your use case and for a second question who maintains it Selenium is maintained by open source company Source Labs and Selenium and those things Selenium interacts with browser using protocol which is open which is W3C standard JSON over HTTP and those little things which take requests from Selenium and translate them into browser actions called web driver drivers and the best part is that they are maintained by browser vendors Google themselves create a driver for Google Chrome with driver for Firefox We don't have more time for questions you can of course ask team afterwards just remember that from the app you can vote you can rate this question you can also add comments add some feedback that can be useful for team for future talks so please and clap your hands again for team


Hi, I'm Ren Shizhen, and I will briefly introduce our new paper compact and tightly selected open SQL public key encryption scheme. This is joint work with Judging Pine. And in the PKE setting, we have a receiver, and the receiver has a public key and secret key. The send, we have a loss of senders, and they can use the public key to increase the message with some renderers, and then send the cybertext to the receiver. We consider setting that now the sender's renderers and message will be revealed to some adversary. And because the adversary gets the message and renderers, it can completely break the security of the cybertext. We say a cybertext is open, if its renderers and message are both revealed. So now some cybertexts are open, and we will ask how about the unopened cybertext. So the unopened cybertext remains secure, and the sender's selected open security considers such setting, or shortly, SO security. In the SO security, the adversary gets a bunch of challenge cybertexts, and it can also open some of the challenge cybertexts. The SO security requires that the unopened challenge cybertext remains secure. SO security is a very practical notion. For example, sometimes the sender's computer may be corrupted by some hacker, and the hacker can get all the information about the sender, including messages and the renderers. Or the sender can maybe use some insecure renderers generator, and the adversary can recover such insecure renderers. The selected open security has been studied for a long time, and it can date back to the 1999. There are two flavors of SO security notion, in distinguished ability-based SO security, and a simulation-based SO security, or shortly, SIM SO security. In this work, we just focus on the SIM SO security. And turns out that the SIM SO security is strictly stronger than the standard PKE security notion, like the INDCCA, and it's highly non-trivial to achieve SIM SO security, because there's a dilemma. If you want to put security, we should invest some problem instant into the cybertext. But if we embed the instance to the cybertext, then we can open the cybertext, because we do not have the renderers. And for example, one may wonder if we can use the hybrid argument plus an INDCCA SQPKE to achieve the same SO security. If such hybrid argument doesn't work, because if we want to use the hybrid argument to switch the chart in the cybertext to a renderer, then we can open the cybertext. And of course, there's a trivial solution to deal with such a problem. We just guess which cybertext will not be opened by the adversary, but this solution is not very good, because there's some value of probability. Since the reduction may get around, and it leads to some non-type security. So we ask, can we have SIM SOCCA scheme with type security? The answer is yes, but it's not very satisfactory. Some group-based SIM SOCCA is with type security. They have long syntax or long public key. Long public key means that the group, the number of group elements in the public key is not a constant. It depends on the length of the message and long cybertext similarity. The drawbacks that the non-compact PKE, they have a very high communication overhead. So in this one, we want to solve this problem. Can we have a SIM SOCCA scheme such that it achieves the type security, compact public key, and compact cybertext at the same time? And we find this problem is very hard, and we want to relax some requirements. How about in the random oracle model? Can we have such a scheme in the random oracle model? Our paper gives a positive answer to this question. We propose three direct constructions and a generic construction. They are all compact and tightly SIM SOCCA skills in the random oracle model. There are some techniques used in our paper, but I'm not going to introduce them there. And our full talk will be given in the Thursday morning. And thank you for your attention. We also thank Vanity Wagner for his helpful comments.


Hi everyone, I'm Darlene coming at you from Arizona and I'm Emma coming to you from San Diego, California. Few people are lucky enough to love their nine to fives 100 percent. That's right Emma and more and more people are finding themselves doing something else on the side either to add to their income or to feed their passion. And that's what we're going to cover today.  So let's look at what it takes to take it to the next level. Number one, stop treating your side gig as a hobby. Many people should be able to keep the safe nine to five job and dabble in the side hustle without taking that risk. Well now maybe the time to get serious. If you ride in the safety of your regular job, start thinking about what it would take to make it bigger. Do you need to hustle on having more inventory? Maybe you need to get serious about marketing outside of your local farmers market. It might just be the time to get your website and online store stocked up and start letting your circles know that you're now committed to it full time. With many people not working or working from home and saving time on a commute, use that time to put both feet into your passion project. Number two, sit down and make a plan. You need to project how much you need to sell, how you'd market it and more importantly, what is that going to make and what will it cost you? If you know you need to sell 400 jars per month of your homemade beeswax candles to make ends meet. Well you should be running the math on how long it'll take you to make that and market that. You also have to ship it to the customer and accept payment as well as handle customer service. So start with getting the plans written down. Also make sure your online store and website reflects the outputs. Make sure your store is inventory updated and return policy posted. And number three, find a partner. If you find that in all of your planning that you can't market alone or handle making or shipping everything alone, it may be time to have a partner. Now this doesn't necessarily mean you need employees. You might find that using a tool like GoDaddy's websites plus marketing platform may help you manage multiple stores and inventory which frees up some of your time to focus on making product. Yeah or partnering with Amazon to hold and ship your inventory so you can handle getting stuff made. Think smart. You don't need to do it all to be successful. That said, finding partners can also mean tapping into your family to help with some tasks. Maybe you're not a product company and your business is about offering a service. Use tools to help your customer self-serve when it comes to bookings so you can focus on maximizing your time. And once you've mapped out your course to ramp things up, you'll at least know where you need to ask for help. So there you have it.  We hope these ideas help you take your side hustle to the next level. I'm Darlene. And I'm Emma. Stay safe and stay healthy.


Welcome to All Hands Update, I'm Petty Officer Jen Blake. If you're mailing packages from overseas and want them to be delivered on time for the holidays, you'll need to plan ahead. Naval Supply Systems Command, or NAVSUP, released mail-by-dates for holiday deliveries. First-class packages and priority mail to Africa and Central and South America should be mailed no later than December 2. First-class packages and priority mail to the Asia-Pacific Rim, Australia, Canada, the Caribbean, Mexico, Europe and the Middle East should be mailed no later than December 9. Remember, all mail-to-FPO addresses must contain the proper 9-digit zip code. If it's not addressed correctly, it could be returned to sender as undeliverable. Check with your local military post office for size restrictions and customs requirements.


Hi everyone, in this video we're going to talk about title method and we'll make simple function that use title method in Python programming language. Title method returns a copy of the string in which every first character of all the words are capitalized. So let's say that we have string hi everyone and if we want to capitalize every first character of the words we'll use title. I can do that like this because everything in Python is an object. So this string is an object so I can call on that object title method. And now we're getting that all our first letters in this string are capitalized. Let's make simple function that use our title function. For example let's make function say hi with argument of full name. So we want to provide full name for our function and then our function will print high and address that greeting to that person. Okay let's say print we want to print that greeting and that person's name to the screen. So we'll say print high comma plus full name and we want for that full name to have each first letter of each word capitalized so we will call title method. Okay that's our simple function and now we will call it for example say hi. We need to provide some full name I don't know maybe Barack Obama. Okay I did one mistake let's say we need to use in order to check that our functions work all letters that are not capitalized for example let's say Albert Einstein. So our first letters are capitalized by using our title method. That's all for this lesson thanks for watching happy coding.


Okay. All right. Well, I involved both first. My name is Roland Taylor, as you can tell. I was one of the outreach interns for the summer 2023 internship, working alongside Chris. Our mentors were Marie and Smira, and we worked off the Gora badges and then going to be giving you a short presentation on what we do. So, as you can see, the title of this presentation is Building Badges for the Future, because what we are doing basically is we are upgrading badges in a sense, visually, and also there are some other grades being done, but not like us. That would be the development team. I believe Chris is also joining the development team with that, but he will share more about that in a bit. So, that's a bit about me, who's this day. If you've never seen me before, I'm a web and graphic designer. I'm recently following late on in the year company after reaching an internship, and also an office source advocate note for quite a long time. It will not give you a hold on. If not, you would get sold out, but it's been over 15 years or so, but I won't tell you the full list of that. As I said, it was an outreach intern for the summer 2023 core. I already told you who I was with, but along with those who I mentioned, there would have been other members of the Gora badges in 2019, and what did we get up to? It certainly wasn't world domination as yet, but we hope to accomplish that visually with Gora and office source in general. We were moving badges to new templates, and we were also updating existing artwork. You can read the details or you want to omit this presentation available for you if you need to see it in full, but it won't go through all of those details just to save us some time. We also were filling the gaps because some of the badges did not have the artwork that they needed, so some of them we would create new artwork, and others we would try to preserve the original, but we would update it as needed, and we're also preparing for the future. In this example, you will see that I have Gora 76, which I will not try to predict when that will happen, but we were preparing of course for future badges that possibly will let us this. Also, we were setting the tone for what badges will look like in general, what the theme will be in terms of digital design, or the future style at CERIS, so as you can see there are some styles here that were not in badges before. For instance, this gradient style background is a decision that I actually contributed, and thankfully Maria Spirit approved of this, so this is one of the new bad girls that badges have. Typically, badges don't have gradients with background, but I managed to sleep this morning. But yes, we are working on consistency and finding ways to make all of the badges not only improved, a new and improved theme that we're going with, but to keep them in lane with what we would have had before, well-safe in this whole future. What are some of the goals that we had in this project? Some of the goals that we had were to improve complaints, because as I mentioned earlier, some of these badges did not match the style date, and that's one of the things that we really wanted to make consistent, to have everything matching up with the style date. We wanted to maintain a consistent style, so while we were producing new artwork, we also wanted to maintain consistency with what already existed, so you will know that Fedora is of course a community, and many people across the years have worked on this project, on badges especially, so basically we wanted to respect and honor what they have done, and not basically erase their work, so we tried to maintain consistency in that way, but we also wanted to identify issues and solutions. We learned from our mistakes so we could set a course for better methods way forward, so one of the things that Chris and I did is that we would have actually listed any issues that we discovered while we were working on the badges, and then we used those to help to date what would go in the style date in the future, so that anyone who joins us after will be able to avoid those issues in the future. Also, we worked on, this is a pretty big deal, we worked on over 600 badges, and you are probably going to wonder how did we stay organized with all of that since we are not using the Venerable badge CPT, so how we were able to stay organized is that in the previous internship before us, I personally forgot her name, forgive me, but our previous intern who was not partnering with her, Makiha, right, I don't know why I forgot her name just now, but anyway, Makiha would have worked on this spreadsheet, and basically she would have listed most of the badges that already exist, there were a few that that were missing, but we had to have those known because some of them are old repos, etc, and what we did is we added all of the badges that were added since our internship, then we added some that were no longer in use, but are still some whole listed in the system, and we added then onto that all of their pejorary for repos, well the repo lakes, we added sources, we added various review status, we added categories, we added the status of their fedora branding and whether improvements were needed, so this spreadsheet is still available, and I believe that anyone who would need access to it can get access if they want to contribute and they want to see what has not been completed, while we were working on this, or if you wanted to see any badges that have been added since then, I believe you can go there as well, you can get that information. So, we also collected and shared our work, we caused both assertions about collaboration, so we collected the finished SVG files into a little drain to allow for reuse of new artwork elements, wherever possible we reuse existing assets or assets generated in the course of the project, so for instance Chris would have designed some new artwork at different points in the project, and then able to reuse what he did, or able to design new artwork, and then he reuse what I did, or we both would have used what already existed in designing new badges, or in updating the existing artwork, so in the true spirit of open source community, Chris and myself continue to contribute to the team wherever possible as door mentors in other class interns. And I'm going to go through now a short selection of some of the badges what may enter their designs, and I'm going to do this very quickly, so with the vendor razor that you can see the old one and the new, and the incentive for redesign here was that the fedora logo was the old fedora logo, also we needed to fill some more space because the new template of course is a different size and it has different spacing, there's no way out line, so we have to fill the space more appropriately, and then we want to set a tool for new badges, because it's important for this badge to basically set the tool for others, and also the new blue fedora logo is a pretty bright blue, so it did not fit with the back drawers easily, and we had to change that. Also, this is one of my favorites, and they believe the rest of the team would agree, this is the cap here back, this one if you saw ownership of the previously open package, basically this one was redesigned almost from scratch, the package is the same, so we kept that consistent, but the cap spot is new, and they would have designed this one because we had missing artwork, basically the original artwork couldn't be found, they could find some of the assets that were used to make it, and not the actual original art, and also some improvements were possible, and the processes of the team was that the original design was not good, and it was not consistent with the sale of other badges, so consistency was needed, and there were some additional considerations, which was that we decided to maintain the classic package across the entire effort, but also for nostalgia, and we needed to improve the cartoonishness of the badge art, and also this design took several iterations, which I'll just show you quickly in the interest of time, not on a read all of this to you, but as you can see it took me quite a number of tries at this one to get it right, and this happened to be the case with many of these eyes, so it's still a wonder that we got through over 600 in the internship. So let me just run through some quick examples, I'm not actually going to give you a break all of these, so we have Bonafide, this is one that I worked on, and the badge artwork is new, we tried to keep the original style obviously, but it's completely new, then there is the 3D Print 8 SAG member, which is also new in terms of that, I did have to redesign a few things, a few elements, but I tried to keep it as close to the original as possible, then there's the Oslo Attendee badge, supposed to be 17 Attendee badge, this one was just changed with the colours, Mirror Mirror on the wall, this is another favourite of mine, this is one where I basically kept the original design changed the logos and changed the background, and then finally one of my personal favourites again, which is the Senior Badger 2, and that's if you got 50 fedora badges, but they mean you had to really be working pretty hard to get those, and as you can see we tried to preserve the original theme while still adding some new styles to this one, and finally if you want me to hop in on the design, feel free to ping me on Peugeot or Matrix or elsewhere at Orland X, and I'll hand it over to Chris. Hello, let me share my screen, hello everyone, so I will be making a follow-up presentation through Orland's presentation, so my name is Chris, some people must have met me yesterday, I hope I'm audible, I'm audible Orland, okay thank you, so my name is Chris, I was a past R23 intern under the Fedora Badges design team at the last concluded May 2023 cohort, so I'll be speaking more on some concepts that Roland discussed earlier, so with the badges revamp, we had a target of enhancing contributory experience, we wanted contributors to take pride in their badges, so for contributors to love and take care of their badge and put in effort into ending the badge, the badge has to be rewarding and appealing, so under the mentorship of Semira and Marie, which Roland mentioned earlier, we were able to do this, they helped us to develop our initial ideas and we responded with the feedback they gave us to create a lot of more visual appealing badges, so what does a typical revamp look like? I sneak this badge in, it's not public for now, so this is the common boss contributory badge, the original badge was a classic of this time, but it needed some improvement, it was made 10 years ago, so if we look here at the revamp badge, we can already notice that the badge is already more prominent because of this introduction of the new template, the new template allows the art to be more prominent with new colors and brighter appeal to the eye, we have a lot of new concept that we adopted using this style to make more visual appealing badges, so when we created badges, there was an importance to always preserve the meaning, we could change several things like the concepts and the illustrations, but everybody needs to be able to recognize badges that they end before, that they end before to what they have now, so if we look here, this is the upstream badge, if we notice the packages, just a flow of like a stream, yeah like a flow of packages, if we notice the new badge, the concept remains the same, there is retention in the meaning and the idea and it's recognizable, so I believe anyone who has a badge like this and sees the next one should recognize this badge, we don't want people to like have an old badge and when the revamp is complete and the showcase is done, you can't recognize the badges you end, so the next badge under is a senior editorial badge, it's, they originally use a concept of the typewriter to that shows that the user or contributor has edited up to 1000 wiki pages, we illustrated this well with a book this time around, the concept is more modern, it looks modern, it's fresh and visually balanced, but it still, it trains the same meaning, behind the scenes, how did we work, what tools did we use, typically like Roland explained earlier, we made use of Google spreadsheet, we used that to keep track of all our work and taking an update, taking feedback and updates to more recent badges, it also helps for anyone coming in and that is not under our team, could look into it and understand what the process has been and be able to track in badges from the old to the new badge, our primary tool for design was InScape, as we all know, we had several exciting meetings on GC and Elementals are primary communications for chart checking, as we all know, I know almost everybody uses Element here, but we use that serverly to take in feedback and respond to feedback, so let's look at some showcase of revamped work, if we look at this badge, this is, it's a new day new cake badge, it's, if we look at the revamped badge, we can notice that originally the old badge had some muted colors, it's not so bright, it was a wonderful badge, but at this time, we looked forward to having a badge with a better visual quality, which improved art and brighter colors, this is, if we look at this, I would just want to, it was running out of time, so we can have a question section, if we look at this badge too, we notice a change in the background, the stroke patterns on the badger were inconsistent, and now we have a bright stroke in the new badge, the background is brighter, which allows us to notice more emphasis on the graphics, the shadows we're taking out, and we have a more clearer badge, I think just looking at it, we can notice that we can recognize the characters and the text here better, and the concept. This is a badge in the quality category, we can notice here that the art is maintained in templates compared to the old badge, so this was a design concept that was used, this is not wrong, but with our new star guide, we decided to have a new star guide and new templates, we decided to have all our artwork maintained inside the template, so this is an example of a badge that had this dowel transfer, and we maintained all the artwork in the badge template, this is a hard bleed badge, so many people might know this badge, the concept here was to also maintain the art in the templates with revised stroke and more clarity and emphasis on the graphics. This is clickbait, we can notice here, just like Roland mentioned earlier, a change in the logo, a lot of the old badges were used in the old federal logo, with the new concept and with the river, we had to put all the new logos in to have a more modern badge and recognize everybody, we shouldn't have badges in the old logo, we already have a new logo. This is my last, this is the last one that we showcasing, this is also a revamp, we can notice here the badge looks more modern, the illustration looks better, and we have revised stroke, on it the stroke separates the elements in the badge from the background, and I originally I know everybody will prefer this to the old one. Thank you, so any, we have time, I think we have about four minutes for questions and answer, so any question and answer, any question? I can see some comments anyway, thank you, the badges are gorgeous, absolutely, thank you. So does anybody have a question for us? Oh, so we have a favorite badge, Chris, would you want to go first on this one? You said, sorry, I didn't get you. Oh, we do have questions in the Q&A tab, on the right hand side, so I was asking if you wanted to go first on this one, do you have? Yeah, I have a series of favorite badges, but some stand out more than the other. I think a common boss contributor badge, my favorite badge, I sneaked it in because I liked it so much. I would have to say I also have a favorite badge, but I actually have multiple favorites, and one of those people who never has one, and they did showcase them in the presentations, so the one with the snit, or if you have 50 badges, I personally really love that one, and it was fun to work on. Okay, I'm going to actually scroll to the bottom because I see there are a number of questions here, the bottom. So how did we find out about Fedora? Oh, this one, I guess you can say in this Chris, are there many other Fedora users in the jury? I think that question, I think maybe it was for precious, but as for now, yes, but if I will answer that as for now, there's no way we can track the amount of users we have, but I know that the name Fedora is not new, so several people are informed of it, but how many people in particular can't track it, because I only know, let's say, I don't know a lot of people that use Fedora, but I know, I'm sure that there will be people in Nigeria that use it. Well, I'll answer for myself. I know that, I just noticed a lot of questions in the previous session, I think it's pretty relevant. I don't know many people who use Fedora in Barbados personally. I know there are a number of us here, I actually helped with some advocacy in terms of getting people aware of open source software in Barbados for a number of years now, but it is a little bit of a difficult market to penetrate at this point in time, so I'm hoping to promote that a little more. Another question here is, have you used 8Skip before starting this project? I'll take that first. Yes, I have been using 8Skip pretty much since 8Skip existed, so yeah, I think that answers that one. For me, I actually started using 8Skip in my integration into this project. I must have heard about it, but I wasn't really involved with it, but using it, I have not been able to use something else. It's very easy and I think I was able to pick up just a bit very fast with it, so I think that's a very good part of 8Skip. So there's another question about the BTIRS batch, I'm not sure the budget particular we are talking about, but there is a way we have tracked all of these badges and we are still improving, because our internship has ended, but we are still working from time to time to see how we can catch up to speed with badges, so we should be able to get the batch of our money sooner or later. By the time the revamp is completed, I think you should have a very modern batch coming up. I'll answer that question. I actually was to work on that one. That would be a category that one of the categories I was working on. We did have some discussions between myself and Marie over whether that would be a big hit or not, so we did come to a decision, I believe on that one, I would have to chat back our chats on that. I think we are planning to mostly keep the original artwork and just transfer it to the new template, but if you would like for that batch to be updated visually, that is also possible. There's another question here that we didn't cover. Are there any plans to get the BTIRS badges to be transferable in the future at BTIRS website? I am not certain if we would be able to answer that. I know that a few of the badges do have different languages included in them. It was one that I worked on that has at least three symbols from different alphabets, but I don't think most of the badges use different languages, but I guess the development team can transfer it in the chat on that one. The next question I can see here is, do any of you plan on giving a workshop on escape the next creative freedom from it? About that, I think we can look forward to it. We can plan towards it. It's something that will be nice enough for us to do. It says with all our experiences and what we have done with Watt and Sof, I think one of the best options to do that, we have a lot of experiences.  I think our mentors should judge us more on that. I think we should be able to teach better since we started it from the early stages to now. I think it's something we can look forward to. What do you think, Roland? Actually, I'm glad that question came up because it's a reminder to me that I have a second session to submit to the creative freedom summit. I did do a short course on escape about two years ago or so and I'm planning to do a follow-up to that in the summit if possible. It's called the Humanality Project. I want any more details for you.


Steam drunk shout out to my fellow Super Nintendo subreddit mod WwCoop for recommending this game a few weeks ago. I posted a review for a game called gigantic army It's like a blend of cybernator and Contra 3 well if you're into that kind of game and you like seeing big complicated looking enemy robots Being blown up with all sorts of different kinds of weapons.  I mean just look at this you're riding a piece of the boss You just blew up down a huge mountain before a huge robot snake encircles you if you don't think that's awesome I don't know what to tell you anyway This game builds very nicely starting out as a simple contra metal slug type side-scrolling shooter But momentum builds as you pick up new weapons find bizarre looking new enemies and discover allies like this badass wolf here Or this mecha suit. Yes, you will die many times That's the kind of game this is but there's nothing wrong with that in my opinion games like this just shouldn't be too easy But yeah in addition to the core gameplay, which is pretty simple obviously the way this game builds up to bigger and better enemies allies and weapons is its biggest strength the controls here are pretty interesting you can either use WASD to move and the mouse to fire or you can use the left and right sticks on your controller and control almost like you Would a twin-stick shooter like geometry wars It's pretty nice and convenient that there's two control options here So you can experiment and decide for yourself what you like better personally I like using the mouse better because it's a lot more accurate the graphics here are nice enough But kind of goofy it's not nearly as polished as something like gigantic army Everything has this flimsy flash like physics type reaction to it, which is both really funny But kind of cheap-looking ultimately it doesn't matter. That's not the appeal of a game like this Intrusion 2 is a great representation of everything appealing about this genre in short just like gigantic army Do you like blowing stuff up? Hey, who doesn't then check out intrusion 2. It's usually about $10 on steam


Hello! The in-class meeting dealing with phonology and the phoneme requires that students have a profound background in the following topics. They should understand the central aspects of phonetics, they should know what consonants are, they should understand the principles of classifying vowels, and they should know the phonetic principles of defining suprasegmental features. If students do not feel confident in any of these areas, we recommend to visit the respective e-learning units on the Virtual Linguistics Campus, so either the e-learning units or consult the relevant videos in our YouTube channel. This background knowledge is necessary for the goals of this in-class meeting. The prerequisite for this in-class meeting is that students have worked through the unit phonetics, phonology and the phoneme including the e-lectures, the phoneme 1 and 2. This is necessary to deal with the following topics in our in-class meeting. We will first define the central differences between phonetics and phonology. We will look at the central questions that phonologists want to solve, and then we will see how we can define the phoneme. And finally, we will take a brief look at free variation. So this is what we are going to do in this in-class meeting. Before we start with the practical, as usual, about 25% of our time should be dedicated to questions that students might want to ask about the virtual session, the e-lecture or the workbook content. The questions, for example, under what conditions are two phones phonetically similar, should be collected for future classes and for optional revisions of the online content. So far, all students should have understood how the field of phonetics is subdivided. Let me exemplify this with a short question and answering part with one of our first term students, Alexander Borchardt. Here is Alexander. Hello. Hello. So, Alexander, do you remember the two main sub-branches of phonetics spelled with a capital P? Yeah, it's phonetics spelled with a small p and it's phonology. Okay. So this is, of course, now something students should understand. And what is the difference between them? Phonetics describes human speech sounds in general and phonology looks at them language specific. Yeah, looks at them in a language specific way. Okay, this relationship between the two fields is often illustrated on the virtual linguistics campus by means of an animation which you see here. Let's first of all listen. And you see here two cooks, one cook to the left who puts the material into a pot and the other one who, well, what do they do? Yeah, it says phonetics gathers the raw material and phonemics cooks it. And it basically means that phoneticians collect speech sounds and suprasegmental features and phonemics or phonology makes a soup out of it for every language. Okay, very good. And you already mentioned that both fields are subdivided in such a way that we can deal phonetics, that we can treat phonetics in terms of segmental phonetics and suprasegmental phonetics. What are the main parts of segmental phonetics? What are the segments? Segmental phonetics deals with consonants and vowels. And suprasegmental phonetics deals with secondary articulation or with the loudness pitch and length. Okay, so these are the suprasegmental features, loudness, pitch, length and secondary articulation. And we will do the same thing in phonology. Okay, let us now see what phonologists do. Now here you see some speech sounds and some flags. And what we, in a first approach towards phonology, we want to define which of these sounds, there's another term for sounds. It's phones. Phones. Which of these sounds exist in English? So what about the first sound? What is it? The first sound is a bilabial plosive and it's aspirated. Okay, very good. It's aspirated. So it occurs in words such as... Pit. Pit, for example. So this would be pit. And of course it exists in present-day English. The next one is a vowel. It's a high central vowel. Do we know a word? I do think it occurs in girl. Girl would be a good example. And again, of course, it exists in present-day English. So we can drag the English flag over here. Okay, what about the next one? What is it? The next one, I think it's a voiceless lateral fricative. Very good. Something like... And that, of course, sounds strange for English. So it doesn't really exist in English. Do you know a language where it occurs? When I see the flex, maybe Welsh. Welsh, of course. It occurs in Welsh in items such as clan. And then we have the unrounded high back vowel. Do we know that in English? It doesn't occur in speech, but I think it's some kind of... It's an expression of disgust. I know, okay, an expression of disgust. But it doesn't really exist in English. But there's a language where we do have this. As in... Turkish. Turkish. So we have the Turkish flag here. All right. Well, and this one here down there is a... It's a velarized lateral. Velarized lateral. Alveolar lateral. And we've already had it in girl, in ball, girl, pill. So we have it... Let's write down pill. We do have it in present day English. And what about the last one? The last one is a labiodental nasal. Voiced labiodental nasal. Well, after five weeks of phonetics, you might have trouble with this, but Alexander is doing extremely well. It's a voiced labiodental nasal. It occurs in English, believe it or not, in words where you have this sort of combination here. Now I'm writing it down alphabetically. Information. And if you check the position of your tongue and your lips, you say something like information rather than information. So it exists in present day English. Okay. So, what we have done here is we could go on and find out more about the phones that are used in present day English. Eventually, we will end up with something like seventy-five phones or so in total that are used in present day English. So this is the first step, the definition of a sound or phone inventory of a language. Once you have found these phones, there may be a second question. And here it is. Now we could ask the question, does a certain sound segment represent one phone or two? So here we have a so-called African. Alexander, what is an African? An African is a combination of a plosive and a fricative. Okay, very good. So we have two options. Either is it one independent sound segment, sir, or is it just an accidental combination of two phones in a particular context? For knowledges, solve this question by looking at the word structure where this cluster occurs. In present day English, for example, well, what can we do here in words such as sits or mates? We can look at these words more morphologically. And we can split the S from the T. Okay, so we can do something like this and insert a morph boundary. So the S always crosses a morph boundary. Is the same possible in German? No, it isn't. And because you don't have words like karte or toe. Okay, so here it exists only as one unit and we cannot insert morph boundaries at all. So in present day English, we have two sound units, a plosive and a fricative, whereas in German, we have one africate. By the way, you can play the same game with tr, as in tray or treat and can ask the question, one sound unit or two. So for knowledges, first of all, define the phones that exist in a particular language and then, well, then they try to find out where phones in particular words occur. Here I have three words, tip, pit and spit. Alexandra, I want you to define the per in each case phonetically first. So what about the first one in tip? The first one is a bilabial plosive and it's... Incomplete, it's incomplete, it's stopped. Okay, so we use this diacritic, so we say something like tip and we don't say tip, but tip. The second one? The second one is a bilabial plosive as well and it's aspirated. Okay, it's fully aspirated. You feel it, the puff of air, pit, pit and you feel the puff of air that comes out. And finally, the last one? The last one is a bilabial plosive and it's unaspirated. Yeah, it's unaspirated. If you're interested, load the glossary linguistics campus and the example of the neutralization of exactly this effect where you have spit and the fricative portion is gradually cut off to show you that this is unaspirated. So it's something like pit, pit, pit, spit. Okay, so we have three occurrences. Let's now define the contexts. The contexts where they occur. The first one occurs after a vowel. Okay, so we have a vowel E and then the plosive. So here's the vowel, V stands for vowel and the underscore is the position of the plosive. The second one? The second one is the other way around. So we have the plosive at first. Underscore first, then a vowel. Okay, and the third one? And the third one occurs after the fricative S. Okay, so we can write it down like this. So here are the three contexts. In our cases, we could even add boundary. The first one occurs at the end of words. The second one occurs at the beginning of words. So we have clear cut and well defined contexts. So our three phones occur in very specific contexts. That is their occurrence or distribution is complementary. Where one of them occurs, you wouldn't expect the other one. And they are also phonetically similar. They are all bilabel plosives. Okay, so we have two essential properties that apply to these phones. Phonetic similarity and complementary distribution. And if this is the case, we can be sure that they belong to the same family. Shall we illustrate this with something else? Yeah, why not? Okay, I have an interesting example here from the world of soccer, football. Here we have two Spanish footballers. Now they are of course not phonetically similar, but they are similar in the following way. They are both world champions and they are fantastic footballers. So that is their similarity. Well, and what about their distribution? Well, those who understand the principles of football will understand that Ica Castillas is a goalkeeper. So he always stands in the goal. Andres Iniesta is a midfield player. So he is minus goal or minus goalkeeper. He will never be in the Spanish goal and try to save the Germans or prevent the Germans from scoring against the Spanish. So this is their distribution, complementary distribution. Well, and similarity, they are both world champions. Let us return to our example here. Our free bilateral closives constitute a family. A family like the family of cars, the family of footballers or what else? Families normally have a head term. So we can do something like this here. Families have head term. So what sort of head term shall we take? I think we should take the P, the autographical P. Yes. So this would be the head term, the P, the autographical P. And in order to show that it is now not a phone anymore, but a phoneme, we put it in these slashes, in these standard phonemic brackets. So this is a phoneme. And the same for the Spanish footballers. Well, they don't constitute a phoneme, but they constitute a family which could symbolize like this. They are Spanish footballers. So they're both members of one family. Knowing how to establish phonemes, we can now play the same game in another language. Let us take our mother tongue German. Now, this is what I suggest to do in class at this point. I, as a teacher, would step back. So let's exchange positions now. You need a pen. Here's your pen. The teacher should, of course, normally hide in the back and let the students do the work. The student is the writer, in this case Alexandra. And the other student is the organizer that decides whose turn it is. And the students in the audience have to do the job. So this is what we're going to do. We will look at German now. Here is the instruction. The task is the audience has to find out, has to find words that contain the orthographical character combination C-H in German. And that should involve the following phones. Alexandra, let's first of all define the phones here. We don't have to write it down, but what are they? The first one? The first one is a voiceless vela plosive. Very good. The second one is a voiceless vela fricative. Very good. And the last one is a voiceless pellet of fricative. Excellent. I couldn't have done it any better. So that's the three phonetic definitions. And now we want to collect words. So I'm the audience and Alexandra has to write it down. So I can think of a word like Fuchs, for example. So you see all these words contain the German character C-H. Another one could be something like Dach-Ruf. This means in English. And Pech, Pech, the opposite of Lach or... Okay, Pech. And another one I can think of which belongs to that column is Ich. Okay. And then we have Noch, Noch. So Noch, also Two. And the number Six, Six. And perhaps we can add Buch, Buch, Book. And finally one over here would be Küche. Okay. So once the students are ready, the teacher takes over and defines the precise context of C-H together with the students. So where does the first one occur, the Kü? The first one occurs before S. Yes. So we can write it down like this. The second one, the Kü as in Dach, Noch and Buch. The second one occurs after a back vowel. Okay, vowel, and so let's write down back here or plus back. And the one in Pech, Ich in Küche. It occurs after a front vowel. After a front vowel, so minus back. Okay, so that's what we get. Now, two of them are phonetically similar, aren't they? The two fricatives there phonetically similar, so we can group them into one phoneme, because they are in complementary distribution too. One occurs after back vowels, one after front vowels, so we clearly have a phoneme which satisfies the central conditions for net similarity and complementary distribution. And what symbol should we take? I think we should take the X. Well, this one, it's easier to write, isn't it? We have it on our computer keyboard, so we don't like these additional things to write. Well, and the Kü, the Kü is an allophone of something else, isn't it? So, this is something, this is only accidental that it's spelled with CH, but it has nothing to do with the allophones of this phoneme. Sometimes the story is not that simple and allophones may vary freely. A good example in this respect is the realization of R, across languages. So, to work on this again, to work on this again, you could interact with the students and let them list words in present day English, British English to select a variety that contain an audible R. So, Alexander, let's write down some words again. I can think of a word like red, can you think of a word? I think of a rhyming word red. Dread, yes, very good. Dread. And, well, a good example would be very, very, and perhaps treat, treat. Now, you see, in all these cases we could use this typical British English phoneme, the alveola approximate, red, dread, vary, and treat. In treat, however, it is automatically slightly devoiced because of the occurrence of the initial plosive, treat. And in very, we have an interesting possibility, we could use the alveola flap. Okay. Now, we have three phones. Obviously, they constitute a family, don't they? So, we have this sort of family, and we have a phoneme. What sort of symbol should we take? We should take the R like on our keyboard. Okay, the normal R, it's easier to write. And you see, quite interestingly, two of them are in complementary distribution. The devoiced version only occurs after voiced plosives. But the other one, especially, and now I want to mark that in red, this one here is quite interesting because this can be used freely in words which consist of where it occurs between two vowels. So, you can say vary or very in British English. So, something like take that very, very, my dear. Pre-variation. It should be explained on the basis of further examples, but this is just one of them. Okay. So, let's summarize. In this class meeting, we deepen the students' knowledge about two things. Some central approaches of phonology, the establishment of phonemes in present-day English and in German. After this session, most things should be clear, especially the two central notions of the physical view of the phoneme, the notation, never forget the slashes as the branches, the notions of allophones and their central properties, phonetic similarity and complementary distribution. Did we achieve this goal with this in class meeting or would you have preferred more details about this topic? Perhaps we could have used some more examples to deepen the understanding of the phoneme if there's time. The German in class meetings only lasts 90 minutes and I think that's enough for the students, especially if they're young students like Alexandra. So, in the next in class meeting, we will perhaps start with exactly this question. We will look at more phonemes and their allophones, maybe across languages. In the meantime, revisit the videos about the phoneme and thank you, Alexandra, for supporting me so well. Thank you. Bye-bye. Bye.