Hi everybody it's Sam at Mixup Craft, thank you for watching my tutorial today. I'm going to be showing you how to make this really pretty six by six bridge fold card. So I've done the five by seven and I will share that one up here but I thought I would do the six by six really to show off these beautiful little poppy flowers and this is with the latest simply cards and paper craft magazine and I'll show you that one in a moment and it's the Altenew layered stamps and they're gorgeous. Now the reason I rushed this video is because I've already had some people message to say that they have got this magazine and that they struggle with layering the stamps sometimes. So hopefully this video will also give you a few tips and help you to maybe use these stamps better. There's many ways to use them and I try and talk through that through the video but the whole thing folds flat like this and it will fit into a six by six envelope and then on the back you've got plenty of room there to write your message. You can decorate these panels on the back as well if you want to. I've had a little acetate butterfly which matches nicely and the sentiment is from the same stamp set as well so yeah let me show you how to make it. Okay so this is my creative mess here because I've already been stamping and coloring and I've got all of these ones ready here. I'm going to go through the sizes of the card in a moment. I just want to focus on the stamp and getting one more of the poppies done first. So this is how it comes. This is the layered poppy like I said you do get the stencil and depending on where you shop you sometimes get an extra freebie as well. I know some of the supermarkets do throw in some extras so I've already pulled all my stamps off. I just wanted you to see it here but the sentiments are beautiful. I mean I love that you have the happy and the sorry separate and then you have all these little subtitles to fit in with it so it's going to work for so many different you know occasions and things so like I said I've already pulled all the stamps out. Now with layering stamps there are to be honest there's quite a few ways that you can use them. Now generally people find them quite I guess hard at times to line up but there are little kind of things that you can do to help so there are I kind of like look at the stamp and look at like something that really stands out like there might be like a slight jagged edge or a slightly longer section and I keep that as my focal point and that's the kind of point that I look at every time I go to layer them down. So I'm going to show you because I don't want to keep this video too long I like to keep them you know as short as I can get them ready so I'm going to show you the way that they are meant to be used but then I'm going to show you the way that I've done it to make these okay so there's two ways that you can choose. Okay so I've just got some cardstock here I'm only going to stamp one we'll actually know I do two like I said the one that the one the way I've done it and the way that they ask you to do or they tell you to do them. So you have all of these pieces and if I grab this stamp here on the back it does tell you that first of all you stamp your most blocked image okay so the one with the most solid stamp so where is it honestly it's still attached here this one here it's that big black one and then you have one with slight detail and then you add all these bits as well and then you have the finer detail so just the outline. So I always say that the larger the stamp in terms of its surface is the first ones and then you just kind of work your way down and your last stamp that you stamp down will have sometimes hardly anything on it might just have a little line or a couple of little dots it's just that final detail. So first of all they want you to stamp this one here so I'm going to position mine down the bottom so I want to get my one that I'm going to do in a minute up here somewhere. Now what you need to do is look through your dies that you have and you want kind of like a blend so you for example for a poppy you want a dark red a medium red and then a lighter red you may want to do some oranges you may want to do something completely different. Now I am going to do maybe slightly different colors just because I really want you to be able to see it in the video. So this first one here I'm going to stamp in the lighter color so for this one here I'm just using this stamping powder pink and this is just because I want to make sure you guys can see it okay so this is a light color and I'm just stamping that background there. Then you want to grab the next one which you'll see here is this kind of funny detail there in the middle I mean they don't look like much when you're stamping you know when you see them but they do obviously come to life so it's this one here you see it's just all a bit random. If you look here you'll see there's a tiny little piece here darker red that's right on that bottom piece there now that's the piece that I'm going to use is my kind of pointer as long as I get that lined up in fact maybe all of that kind of red that sits along the bottom of that you know the actual poppy that's what I'm going to use is my kind of reference point so I'm going to focus on that and then everything else will just kind of fall into place. So here's the stamp and you can see that kind of bit here that's that bobbly bit and that needs to sit in this kind of bit here now the good thing about these is they're clear so I can just I'm going to bring my head over okay and you can just spend some time moving that around I'm just going to pick that one up and then I'm going to bring in this darker pink okay so this is rose red again just so you can see it for the video and then just stamp that down okay so next it's now I'm not going to worry about the stems and then I'm going to do this black outline here so which is this one all right so it's the biggest stamp now this one here because it's the outline and mine is going to just come off a little bit so I'm going to have to move it up I'm going to concentrate on getting that kind of in place and then everything else will kind of you know line itself up now one thing I would say about these kind of stamps layered stamps is they are to create a different kind of style so a lot of people will do like a water brush maybe just do like a blob of orange in water color and then stamp over the top and it doesn't matter that it's all come out of you know it's not within the lines that's the style so don't I don't know don't feel kind of disheartened if you don't get it lined up but saying that the way that I do it after is I is a way I prefer as how I kind of use layered stamps if you've seen me in my other tutorials whenever I've used layered stamps I never actually use them for the way that they're intended so again you may prefer it is a bit easier I think maybe it's a cheap way so I've got that I think pretty much where it should go so let's sit this one down because you can also do these back to front you and that's how I do it in the next one is you lay this the detailed one down first because you might find that that actually you can see it better so I'm just going to then put this one this is in black so there you go so you can see I've got I'm not kind of lined up there but also you can go in with your pens which is what I'm going to do on that next one but that is how the flowers kind of is meant to come together in terms of its layer so I know that doesn't go but it is purely so you guys can see it and understand the stamps I'm going to do it properly with the next um tutorial but again if I just bring in so this is the green stem now that's to go over because I've already stamped in black it's quite strong the black obviously it's black but now if I stamp that over just bring in this green this is when things start to kind of come together all right so you can see now how this all works so your solid most solid stamps that's the solid one there that's the solid one that I just stamped there your first ones that go down and then this is another stem one here and if I just bring this in you can see so you see there's the solid and then there's the detail of that same piece so don't because it's all there don't feel you have to use it but it does work quite well I mean to be honest that isn't actually that bad if you were to have lots of them maybe coming out of a vase it would look really effective so have a play around but don't feel disheartened if it doesn't quite line up because if you bring in any kind of color so let's bring this pen in here you can just go I know this pen doesn't go but again it's just another example and just kind of fill in any bits you don't like I mean if you've got all your stamping up colors and all the stamping blends and stuff then everything matches you can just go in with the corresponding marker with the with the ink and you know blend it all together but so that is how they I guess the order that they should go but now I'm going to show you how I do it and how I prefer to do it so I'm going to pop this back down here so I'm going to bring in the fine outline first so this one here okay you can just see it probably better if I put it on the white that's how it looks all right that's the one I'm going to stamp first and that's all I stamp for this one then I stamp these so I don't even use the background one so I'm going to pop that one down there now because I'm using markers alcohol markers I'm using my memento just so I don't get any of that ink running on any bleed so just stamp that down okay so that's that one there and then I'm going to bring in the thinner so this is the frame of this one here okay that's what that one is there and again I'm just going to kind of roughly doesn't really matter too much where that one goes we'll do it there so I'm going to cut this out and they're really easy to cut out as well I didn't struggle with them there's not too much detail so again just come in with that one okay and then and if you want a real contemporary clean look you can just keep it like this it's you know have a real like monochrome just have a nice sentiment there's there's so many ways to use them you they don't have to be used in the three stages that they show you and now I just want to bring in that detail of the leaf which is this one here okay and that one again you can have it really up high I'm going to have it a little bit different with this one might bring out quite high actually just because the others are I want them to all look a little bit different so just make sure the end there touches roughly that stem but again I'll take that off you can touch this up with pens and markers and watercolor and yeah there's lots of ways to I guess save it if you're not happy with it especially being able to coloring and join up any kind of lines and stuff so again just gonna ink that one up okay so I'm not touching that I'm going to color all that in myself but I am going to use the solids for the leaves and this kind of bud so it's these two here which is this one here and this one here so again I'm just gonna this is what I mean about stamping sometimes it's good to stamp the detail first because I can really see that black line underneath you can see it through the stamp so it's a much easier way to see where you are so although the rule is that you're meant to stick um stamp this one down last the most detailed one I actually think it can help you more if you stamp it down first so do you play it don't be scared by them because they're they're brilliant I love the concept of these kind of stamps but it's just kind of finding the the way the best way to use them for yourself really so those two are in place and then I'm going to do these in this green along with the stems as well so I'm just going to stamp those and then this one I'm doing the same green so I know the buds there but I'm going to blend it with some darker green alcohol markers in a minute so can you see how nicely it comes it really does start to bring it all to life and then the last one is just that plain stem that goes right through in the middle so you just want to focus on the top and then it's kind of roughly running over the black as well as along the sides again don't worry it's like I always say it's what craftsman's about make things up do things your own way don't well because someone's wrote it down or that's what it says in the instructions I was always a rule break breaker you can probably tell anyways so right I have cleaned oh that one's just flicked right off but luckily missed my clothes right so that's everything stamped so I'm going to take that away okay so you can see the ones I've done here and they are slightly different tones I do like if I'm doing like a birthday card I do prefer to do maybe like more orange kind of poppies I love the orange poppies as a neighbor actually who has a beautiful kind of just yeah loads of them all over her garden and the red ones to me are the remembrance kind of color which is beautiful but I do like to do the orange ones so I have a mix of markers alcohol markers here these are the cheapy touch light ones but I've also got my artesans ones it's not until you use different kind of yeah qualities that you notice a real difference because these are quite yeah they just feel quite cheap but the color is lovely still so I'm using this orange here and I'm just going to color the whole thing in this block orange color you'll see there where the the black kind of doesn't completely kind of join because it's not a complete framed stamped image just kind of go where you think or look at the inspiration look at the magazine there's that one then I'm going to come in with a real darker orange so I'm going to use I'm going to use this one here tomato red actually I'm going to come in right all around here don't worry that there's a real difference in the colors there because it will blend beautifully okay so that's that one so I'm now going to get that quickly fussy cut out and then we can just put the card together because that's the easy part okay so for the actual card you want a piece of cardstock that is eight by six because like I said at the very beginning this is a slightly different size to the one I've done before along the sorry yeah eight by six along the eight inch side you want to score at one inch two inches six inches and seven inches and if you flip it over and score again at the two and six marker okay or you don't have to score at two and six this way and just score it that way on the back because you're going to fold them differently then you'll want a piece of acetate completely optional you don't need it at all but I just thought it does give it quite a nice look and this is five and three quarters by six I've already gone and put red tape along the six inch side okay just make sure you stick it on the right one because that is going to it's basically the height of the card and then once we go to stick it it will all make sense and then you want whatever you your kind of bridge pieces you want that to be six inches by whatever height you want now this is going to be grass so I've done this so it's two inches high but I'm going to cut into that in a moment now for your mats and layers you're going to need two pieces that are three quarters of an inch by five and three quarters or you may want to do seven eighths of an inch by five and seven eighths of an inch and then drop down by one inch by one eighth of an inch so then do a layer on top of that which could then be three quarters of an inch by five and three quarters I'm creating the grass and sky scene with my blending brushes and inks and I'm just going to have mine so that they are seven eighths of an inch by five and seven eighths so it's pretty much covering these two outer panels and then the inside piece mine's going to be three and seven eighths of an inch by five and seven eighths of an inch okay but again you might want to drop yours down differently depending so before I stick that down that's the bit I'm going to do next so if you don't want to watch me blend just fast forward but I know quite a lot of you did ask me how I done it when I made my shutter card so I created that really nice green going into the sky background okay so to create that background I've used the Tim Holtz distress oxides in the mermaid lagoon and the mode lawn and then I've used my favorite makeup brushes for blending so these are clean but they're just stained now so this is just some scrap you just want to make sure that it's enough to cover those sizes that I gave you earlier and then so I'm going to start with the green first and work my way kind of I kind of work up and then work down and then kind of let the middle do its thing with a little bit of help anyway so you just want to grab your makeup brush I'll link these all below I know so many of you have brought these already they are brilliant I'm just making sure I've got a nice amount on there and then just as you would with your normal blending brushes sponges you just kind of come up and in circular motions cover your cardstock now you want a smooth cardstock this is smooth-ish but it works fine and then whenever I'm doing like a grass I come up slightly more on each side okay then what I I mean you're not really going to see the bottom of this because this grass piece is going over there so with that in mind I'm going to bring mine up a little bit more but this is the good thing about these brushes is before with the blending sponges if you came into the center like this more than likely you would get a circle mark and it's really hard to lift it whereas look at this you just all the work these brushes just do it all for you it's brilliant so that's my bottom it looks quite limey yellowy which looks still looks really good I like it it's almost like the sun's coming kind of coming down on it so that's that one I might come back in with that one in a minute so I'll just leave that one there and then I've got my blue mermaid lagoon again ink that up and what I would also say is whenever you're doing a surface like this like a large area don't touch it with your fingers because the distress oxides do take a little bit longer to dry is get some scrap card and pop it over the top and then you're doing exactly the same thing coming in from the top if you want to bring in slightly darker blues at the top here as well to just create more kind of depth you can but I'm keeping this really kind of just the two colors really fresh and then bring it in but I want it to be lighter in this center area because that's going to be what's right behind the poppies yeah I'm happy with that it's looking a little bit blotchy when I look through the camera but actually in person it looks great so I'm happy with that and hopefully it will pick up better in the photos okay so I've trimmed my pieces down to the sizes that I said earlier and now they will go this one in the middle and these on the outside I'm going to probably cut two more here actually just thinking about it because I think yeah it's going to look nice and now I'm going to cut the grass and then these will all look I think it's going to look really quite sweet so I'm going to cut those ones in a second quickly show you the grass and then again so many of you will just skip all of this because yeah it gets a bit repetitive but as I always say there's always someone new watching these are just vegetable scissors usually found in the kitchen sections I'm just going to cut down I am going to put a sentiment over this like so I think mine are balloon I've got another pair that I should have used I've got a blue pair and a green pair I've picked up the green to be fair though it does kind of add a little bit to it so it's not that bad and then the last one like so okay but then also what I'm going to do is grab these scissors here and just start to shape them a little bit so that's kind of done the work there for you but if you then kind of go in and just come over each side just slightly differently you see you'll get like more of a grass is it a shard no what's it called blade that's the word shard shard of glass anyway but yes I'm just going to go along and just kind of shape that a little bit more okay so first of all you want to stick down if you've done these sides now as well you want to stick down the middle and those two okay and I know a little bit short so I'm going to bring mine up higher what size did I what measurement did I just give you there I've done my more five and three quarters when it should have been five and seven eighths which is what I told you to do so just make sure you do the five and seven eighths because otherwise it'll be too short but you're not going to see it because the grass is covering it all anyway so I'm going to stick those three first then we're going to stick our acetate and then stick those two the grass and everything else okay so there's those stuck down and then you just want to fold the two middle score lines in and then that outer one out and again that one in and that one out so there you'll have your bridge fold I quite like that they're inside there as well then with this piece here so I've stuck the tape along the two longer sides and it's going to be slightly shorter because it was five and three quarters so the idea is is take off the backing on one side first now if you want to stamp or put anything on the back here do that obviously before this goes down but you want to stick it just slightly in from the edge okay so it's exactly six inches tall so make sure you line up your top and your bottom make sure that's all nicely stuck down so you can see there I haven't gone right to the edge and then take the backing off of the other side and bring this one so it's folded that side is folded onto this and then we're going to stick that down because that will now become our six by six sides and that's how it's going to fit in the envelope start from this side and kind of roll it and then as you get here make sure you top and your bottom's all lined up and then stick it down okay and it should stay within that section which it has if it does come off at all then you can just trim it but now we've got that window and this is a great style again for any underwater themes you want to do I've done many of those but anything that acetate I think is really good now these pieces are going to go and stick over that again because I'm slightly short make sure yours is longer you may want to do it the full six inches actually for those front pieces but because this grass is going to cover everything I'm not worried because that's going to hide all of that okay so again depending on how well whatever you have your bridge is going to well that's the thing you don't need the bridges the acetate that is what we're going to stick things onto so the grass for me is obviously good because it's covering up the fact that they don't come down long enough but I would say do them six inches if you're not doing grass over the top obviously if you're doing it like me then it doesn't matter so I'm just going to add some double-sided red tape again always like to use the red tape whenever I'm working with acetate okay so that's that stuck down and now when you fold it flat yeah that's how it will fit and you can put it anyway but that will now be six by six so I'm going to pop it into its upright position and now start lying down all of these beautiful poppies so I'm going to have I'm going to cut some of the stems because I want some of it shorter and then I'm going to lay the grass down over the top each time so okay it's going to be like that and then I've got these little buds I might cut another one maybe have that up a bit higher but that's how it's going to be and then my sentiment's going to be along the bottom so I'm going to carefully lift this off and then I'm going to add foam pads to mine these are really sticking they stick well to the acetate as well you're not going to see it I mean unless someone looks behind it but I'm not worried about that but I just think it'd be nice just to lift them off the you know the actual acetate slightly so I'm not going to stick the stem itself because the grass is going to hold that all into place so I'm just going to have that roughly there so yeah I'm going to do that and get them all stuck down okay so there's all my poppies stuck down I love it I think it looks it's such a pretty happy card just I again I repeat myself all the time but I love coloring I just think it brings a whole different look to card making so now I'm going to choose a sentiment it's going to have happy birthday so I'm going to stamp one of those in a moment I'm also going to bring in I think I can find a couple of little butterflies or bees or something just to have here maybe thinking about it now could it maybe stamped a bee here and here so that's always another idea as well but I'm going to have a little look around and yeah get that all finished okay and there's the finished card so I've just used the happy birthday from the same stamp set and I've just popped one of my little acetate butterflies there which is actually got the orange the green and the blue so it matches really nicely with this card on the back you've got all that space there to decorate you just need to cut your mats and layers the same size as that piece so I'd say four and three quarters by sorry three three and three quarters by five and three quarters and then that will go on the back I'll do that and you'll see again all the photos in my blog but yeah really really like this this is the six by six bridge fold card using those beautiful poppy layered stamps from the magazine so I hope you've enjoyed this tutorial I hope it's helped there's been I hope a lot of tips in there for you so if you've enjoyed it please give me a thumbs up and subscribe to my channel so you get to see more thanks for watching bye


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Hey, AJ, just how difficult maybe was the memory of that first game against the Texans? I know you got hurt, lost, and maybe how much are you looking forward to playing those guys again under better circumstances, hopefully? Yeah, man. It was a tough deal for me, that game. I got a little banged up. It was just tough conditions. Not just for me, just for the entire game. It started pouring down, hard raining. It kind of forced us to run the ball. It made it real difficult to throw the ball in that type of weather in those conditions, but we're playing in a dorm, so there's no conditions. We're just playing football. We're just going to come prepared and hopefully play our best. Paul? Hey, AJ, if you have more than five receptions in the game, the team's 11 and two. I'm wondering if you're aware of how your numbers connect to wins and what that means to you? I'm not aware, to be honest. I try to make the most of my opportunities. It was some growing pains as a young receiver, me wanting the ball, but sometimes as I'm mature, sometimes I got to clear it out for the other guys. As long as we getting wins and we doing what we're supposed to do, I don't mind. We lose and I'm not getting the ball or something like that, then I'm gonna feel like I could have did a better job with whatever I had. So it's a level of maturity with me growing up in this league and knowing sometimes it's not all about me. I got to clear it out. I may get a lot of attention, but I got to clear it out sometimes for my guy and I do that in the heartbeat. Kayla? Yeah, AJ, first of all, just what has it been like having Derek back in the house? And second of all, how have you guys really maintained the focus this week with so much attention on him returning? We got to do our job no matter what. We're glad to see him back out there on the field with us. I don't know if he plays this week or whatever, but we got to do our job and we got to play no matter who's out there. If he goes this week, we're glad if he don't, we still got to play. So that's our mindset. We get excited, but we're not getting carried away. We still got to play football in a day with or without him. Taran? AJ, you had mentioned sometimes you got to clear it out for your guy or for the other guys. The thing with you and Julio Jones, how has he come along just as far as being able to have that impact that you guys had expected to have when he was acquired? Actually, again, I'm sorry. I can't hear the door. I said, as far as like having to clear it out for other guys, you know, Julio Jones, how has he come along and you guys actually working in tandem? You know, how has that come along as far as getting to the point where you guys wanted it when he was first acquired? You know, whatever me and him on the field at the same time, you got to acquire both of you got to point opponents out. And that's what the defense does. They point us out and say 11, they say 2, and they got to count for it. So clearing out, doing what I got to do sometimes. I'm a decoy, which is totally fine. Sometimes he's a decoy and which is totally fine to him, because he's very selfless. And so am I. Just doing our job, just understanding the entire concept, not just running your route for you. You may have to have a pick and rub here for another guy.  John Glennon.  It'll mean a lot, especially for our offense, you know. Those are guys, you got to count for when you line up, like I said, so just having Derek back there in the backfield, because you know, I know he's ready to go.  Terry. Hey, Jay, with all that's at stake this week, what's kind of been the focus and the focal point of practice, because you guys can nail down that number one seed, if you go out there and take care of business on Sunday? It hasn't been too much, too much to talk about the number one seed around here. At least I haven't heard, but it's just about taking care of business, winning this game, you know, we, they just haven't been talking about the number one seed, we're in about next week, we're in about getting our body next week, it's about handling business this week. That's all we've been talking about handling business, taking care of this game, and then we let the chip forward and make, we're going to let the playoffs be the playoffs. But right now, we've got one more season, I mean, one more game to town of business. A little more for you, Joe. What would it mean though, AJ, just knowing if you guys, when you do earn that extra time, you know, more time for the team to rest and all that, prepare, basically move, you know, move on an extra round into the playoffs, what would that do for this team? It would give us, like you said, time to rest, time to recover, for guys to come back and get more healthier, you know, so it's a, it'll be a new season in the playoffs and we all know that. That's why we just got to take care of our business, but like I said, it hasn't been a playoff talk, we're keeping it in one game at a time, and I'm not focused, it's Houston this week, not next week, the bye week or none of that, it's been, we handling business this weekend, we're going to let the chip forward and make. Last question, Vernon. Hey, Joe, I was curious, first couple years, certainly your yards after the catch, one of your big strengths, and I know you ranked right up there near the top of the league. This year, the numbers haven't been the same in that, I wonder if there's anything that comes to mind for you as to a change in that department? To be honest, I mean, I missed like four or five games, so you got to count for that. But to be honest, I don't know. I got changed around, I got changed to a different position. So I don't really know, they put me in different areas. And some of the times do be tougher to get yards out of the catch, but as you see, sometimes I do break away, but like I said, it gets tougher when everybody counts for you and everybody's watching you. So I don't think too much into it. I'm just playing my game. And like I said, whatever happens, happens, let the chip forward and make, but I'm going to try to do my job. Most definitely, I try to break targets and do whatever I do, but if it's time to go down, I have to go down.


We have a cyber security solution that uses blockchain technology. We are now part of the Airbus Accelerator Program, Co-Innovation Acceleration Program, and also recently got listed as one of the top 20 cyber security ventures worldwide. Apart from that, I'm also the co-founder of a company called Blockchain Works in Singapore. It's a blockchain design studio where we design a number of solutions that fall bank in the blockchain space. One of the things we're looking at is a digital banking platform powered by blockchain technology. And last but not the least, there is an exchange called the Gibraltar Stock Exchange. Late last year announced the launch of the Gibraltar Blockchain Exchange where you're going to be able to trade, you know, the stock exchange, where you trade stocks and things like that. The blockchain exchange is where you're going to be able to trade crypto and things like that. And I'm the chief blockchain officer as part of that team. Great. Now, after a quick introduction, how many of you have heard about Blockchain and have kind of seen something in that space? Most of you? OK, now comes the interesting question. How many of you either own or trade or have dabbled in Bitcoin or some of the other cryptocurrency? How many of you have that? Fantastic. So here's the thing. This space is getting hotter than hot and faster and it's moving really fast these days. But last year was a phenomenal year when it came to both Bitcoin and blockchain as a technology, the cryptocurrency space as well as the blockchain space. One thing that clearly emerged was the divergence, right? So you have blockchain, which emerged as, you know, on its own as a technology and started to make its way into enterprise, into enterprise IT. So number one, you had a number of consortiums coming together.   But you also saw a lot of use case based consortiums that started to get formed, which is around supply chain, for example, where you saw port authorities, shipping companies and even customs and folks like that starting to get together and explore end to end tracking and tracing of, you know, cargo on a blockchain. So that is one space where blockchain emerged. On the other side, you of course saw the rise of cryptocurrencies, things starting with simple like Bitcoin, which was around $1,000 at the start of 2017, landed up close to $15,000 and, you know, somewhere in December, right? But apart from Bitcoin and Ethereum and Ethereum and things like that, you also saw a whole rise of cryptocurrencies. So what you had is, you know, thousands of companies that raised anywhere between three to four billion dollars by just issuing tokens, right? And so what you also landed up the end of the year with is about a thousand different cryptocurrencies, which suddenly took the market cap of all cryptocurrencies somewhere close to $600 billion. Now that is a big sum. So on the back of that, you have something even more interesting happened, which you see a lot of intermediaries come together, right? So things like financial funds, hedge funds and things like that, that started to form crypto funds. There are a thousand cryptocurrencies. I've got to, how do I pick which one?  Great hedge fund manager, can you manage that for me? Asset manager, can you look? So you saw a lot of that. But last but not the least, you had entire nation states, entire countries decide to move towards the blockchain, right? For example, in Dubai, you have the Dubai Future Foundation, which announced that by 2020, all government related documentation will be exclusively on the blockchain. So now what you have is a rush, where all companies and all sorts of agencies and government departments rushing to comply with that. Number one, number two, if some of you are from Singapore out here, of course, you know that the MAS piloted the Singapore dollar on the blockchain, right? As part of Project Ubin, again, not for retailers, but this was basically to look at settlement among banks and different financial institutions. And so you had a whole lot of things and which made 2018, of course, a very exciting 2017, a very exciting year. Of course, come 2018, and then you've seen the cryptocurrency pretty much halfing in value, you know, many of them falling way beyond half also. So that was 2017, which was a great year. But within that year, within that same great rise and exploration and everything, you of course had your industry, of course, always challenges. So number one, you had wallets being breached. You had you have ICOs getting hacked. You have complete exchanges getting hacked. South Korea's UBIT got hacked and lost about 4,000 Bitcoin. The latest at the start of 2018 is which is coin check in Japan, which lost half a billion dollars' worth of tokens. That's pretty much one of the biggest I think they've had in date. So and that's when regulators and things like that and other started getting cautious, right? Of course, I don't even my previous the previous speaker mentioned it briefly, where you saw cryptocurrency is also becoming the de facto choice of currency or whatever you call it for a whole lot of illicit activities. For example, Bitcoin pretty much established itself at the choice of currency for hackers. Last year, you had the two big global incidents, which are WannaCry and Petty at the malware. And then those guys wanting ransom payments in Bitcoin. So and so it had fair share of challenges. Not and some of them, of course, went to the extreme step, right? Where you have some of these scams and things forced regulators, for example, in China to say, hey, we have a carpet ban. We said none of this is acceptable. So no more ICOs. And so now you have a lockdown of these things in places like China. South Korea, of course, got cautious. But then as I hear today, you have the Japanese regulator, which is now suing a Hong Kong based exchange for operating illegally in the country. The challenge there being that is, as of today, one of the world's biggest cryptocurrency exchange. So you can imagine. And now the Japanese regulator after that. So a number of things that you have a number of challenges that the problem happens is if cryptocurrencies or blockchain has to go mainstream, you've got to have institutions coming on board. It can't be just a bunch of enthusiasts, people like us in the room, you know, that go and start to dabble in this technology. You need the institutions coming on board. And to have them on board, of course, these things can't be happening. So how do you bring out security? How do you bring about things like regulation and pieces of that in place, right? And that's where you're seeing organizations like the Gibraltar Stock Exchange, which is an European Union regulated stock exchange announcing the Gibraltar blockchain exchange, which is the goal is to be the world's first regulated token sale platform and cryptocurrency exchange, right? So now today, for example, if I have a large bank and it wants to, you know, have have customers invest in cryptocurrencies. Hey, there is a legitimate regulated institution where it can go and start to participate. Is that the right way? Is that the way it's going to be in the future? I don't know this industry changes so fast, right? It's we're right at the start. But yes, you're seeing a lot more regulation and security based issues coming around. Again, this is more of a map. So today, after all these things, there's no there's no country or you can't see that it's it's it's legal or it's absolutely illegal. If you look across the globe and you look at the spread of green, yellow and the more orange and the red, the red is where it's absolutely unacceptable. The green is where they say, great, it's fine right now, including Singapore, where, you know, Mass has taken a very MS has taken a very positive approach to saying, hey, let's explore how this thing evolves, right? And then you've got certain countries with our weight and watch. But the main thing is this map evolves every day, pretty much every day. Earlier this year, and if you see India and Orange there earlier this year, you had the finance minister of the country actually during the budget session state how Bitcoin is no longer accepted as legal tender. And they're going to actually clamp down on that. And then I was talking but also reading about a couple of exchanges which are now really unhappy because they've lost their business has dropped by over 90 percent. These are the cryptocurrency exchanges and there's no law signed in which says that it is illegal. But yes, the way the government is headed, they completely support blockchain, but they are apprehensive and they're going to be clamping down on things like Bitcoin and trading of other cryptocurrencies. And well, OK. So my opinion when it comes to the tokenization and the whole crypto space, I think we're just at the start. So in 2017, what you saw is a whole lot of ICOs, initial coin offerings, token sales and things like that. Remember, this is what you have today is just blockchain companies doing that a handful of blockchain companies, early adopters, fast moving companies, really new ones that have started to adopt this market, this approach to market to raise funds, right? But to borrow, what you're going to see is a much larger second wave, as I call it, where you'll see digital ventures. So things like e-commerce companies, mobile companies, social media firms and things like that also start to go into tokenization and look at using digital tokens as form of payments or as forms of value exchange. Mobile apps, IoT applications and things like that. That's the second phase. And I think that you're going to see part of that this year and then extend into 2019. But the real big part is beyond that. And that's where you'll see all sorts of brick and mortar companies, coffee shops, airlines, shipping firms and things like that, start to tokenize, start to use digital tokens, start to use tokens as a medium of value exchange and things like that, right? Again, now this is how I see. So 2018 and then 2019, 2020. That's when you're also going to see regulation come in because manufacturers, retailers are not exactly going to jump until these things start to fall in place. But regulations and governance is going to evolve over time. But a lot of companies have actually started to jump the gun. So if I remember right, Singapore Airlines has actually already started to pilot its Chris Flyer miles on the blockchain. So you could actually have Chris Flyer miles that could be simple tokens that you have in a wallet and could exchange it for different value. I know of a company that's doing marine maritime asset investment. So what they're trying to do is take vessels, ships and tokenize them on the platform and basically let anybody like you and me simply just go and invest in vessels using either fiat currency like dollar zero or simply invest in these ships using Bitcoin or Litecoin or some other cryptocurrencies. What that basically says is I can't afford to buy a ship today. But if I can have fractional ownership of that, I can probably own 1% of a ship. And if I want to invest in it as an asset class, tomorrow I will have that option. Today, of course, we don't, right? I also know of a project that's doing the exact same thing with real estate properties. I would like to participate in a special economic zone or one of these large things. And of course, again, so one is you want to, it's meant for institutions to be able to get into these otherwise ill liquid asset classes, but also for common people and you basically democratize investment into the some of these investments that today are only available to a select few, right? So what that does is these platforms basically do three things. Number one is they offer fractional ownership. They take a large asset and break it down into pieces so that a lot more people can invest in them. Number two, they of course create a lot more liquidity. So by tokenizing it, suddenly you have a lot more liquidity to be able to invest in, get in and get out. And last but not the least, of course, you create a very vibrant secondary market. So this is where we see the market, where I see the market moving and the real big wave will come at the far end where you've got manufacturers, even coffee shops trying to tokenize. However, on the point of coffee shops, I last heard that Starbucks is already piloting stuff on the blockchain. Very quickly, where you go, and this is just a snapshot of Asia since we're in this part of the world today, where in Asia are you seeing acceptance? So for example, I know a lot of companies that are doing tokenization and ICOs in Singapore right now, but even in Hong Kong. Of course, a lot less in Vietnam, while Vietnam is actually marked and read, I was down in Vietnam two weeks ago speaking at the Vietnam Blockchain Week and I saw at least, I met at least four to five local companies that were trying to do an ICO. Again, they might domicile it locally or they might simply domicile it in a more friendly place like a Singapore or a Hong Kong. Again, Japan is one country which is very welcome. In fact, in Japan, you can simply go to small shops and even they will accept Bitcoin from you. Of course, there's a slight markup which they will charge because of the processing fee associated with it. Australia is another great place where one of the largest token sales last year from a company called Power Ledger was actually based out of Australia and they did a fantastic piece there around green energy and the whole energy token space. And here's the interesting thing. So I was having a chat with a financial institution, one of the world's largest investment banks. So they invited me to speak at the Asia Forum and annual forum and they have a very unique challenge. What they're saying is that some of our clients are high net worth individuals, ultra-high net worth individuals, but even some of our institutional customers are asking us how can we move a small part of our portfolio into cryptocurrencies, into Bitcoin, into Litecoin or whatever. Now, of course, they can't simply go and buy on some random exchange, right? And one thing that we evolved there is one way these financial institutions can participate in the token economy and help their customers also participate is, let's assume they set up an exchange in-house. So they have their own cryptocurrency exchange. They set up a trading desk which buys tokens for themselves but also for their customers on their own exchange and then they basically just tie in into a liquidity aggregator or to one of the regulated exchanges, either for example a coin in Japan or the Gibraltar blockchain exchange in Gibraltar and basically to facilitate liquidity and provide liquidity on their internal exchange. Now, once they have the exchange in-house, they can wrap risk, security, compliance and everything around that to ensure they're completely compliant. Now, is this the way to go ahead and is this like the future? No. But then today, if they need today and tomorrow, if they need to kind of help their customers move some of their portfolio or add cryptocurrencies into their portfolio, this is pretty much again what we evolved one of the most legit ways to do that. So again, very quickly just to share what we are doing. One thing that we built is a token sale platform that provides an administrative dashboard which helps any startup that's looking to raise money via an ICO, it gives them a simple elegant dashboard to kind of go and play to do their token sale. Again, you need a smart contract and everything that's lying underneath but then if you have a smart way to administer your token sale, it basically lets you kind of do it in a structured, elegant and organized way and of course, once the token sale is done, let's assume you're doing a DAO or a decentralized autonomous organization then it also helps you manage that going ahead, administer the DAO in a smart way. Last but not the least, we also have built an exchange which we call... We don't operate the exchange, we just have the software. So we built the software, it's called CryptET which we label as the world's most secure institutional-grade digital asset exchange. Again, this one came out of our conversations with a couple of investment banks which wanted to establish something like this in-house. So what they would do is use our software to set up the exchange internally. Of course, we take care of security, we wrap risk which means you've got your anti-money laundering kind of things, your KYC and stuff like that, wrap the exchange with that and then set up an internal trading desk that can comfortably trade on this now regulated exchange with liquidity coming in from either liquidity aggregators or regulated cryptocurrency exchanges out there. I'm going to leave it at that and take some questions because I thought we'll make this a little more interactive. Any questions, any thoughts? From a layman's point of view, I was looking at your timeline of 2017-2019. Like 2019, you were saying that... I mean, you imagined coffee shops and whatnot would take up and which would then mean that laymen like myself would be using the rich points to pay off for my coffee. I mean, is that something that's realistic for 2019? Okay, let me take a step. Let me answer that in two pieces but your last part that you mentioned, pay a coffee shop with Bitcoin. There are a couple of places that you can actually pay for coffee using Bitcoin, right? But what I meant is where these guys will start to have their own tokens. So they will move into tokenization. So you could have a coffee shop token that rather than having to carry money every day or carry some form, you just carry, you know, you have your ID and you use that to pay for your coffee, right? Even today, if you do have cards which you can preload money on and go and pay but that means that card has nothing to do with it. If I get your card, I can use that tomorrow, right? But if you have a cryptocurrency wallet or a digital token then you're identified, although you have an identity on the blockchain which by whatever form of identification can know it's you and then based on either the tokens you've accumulated or you bought or you have you can simply pay with that. And coming back to your point is, yes, that's when I see that happening because these guys are still in a wait and watch world, right? They're not the first to adopt a crypto, some technology like this. But like I said, some of them are jumping the gun like this project that I was talking about, Marine Chain which says, hey, we're moving, you can buy a vessel on the blockchain with cryptocurrencies, right? Fractional ownership. You can buy property by paying with cryptocurrencies. Like I said, Singapore Airlines piloted their frequent flyer miles on the blockchain which means now I have a wallet with some tokens in it and I can do a whole lot of things with the tokens now rather than just going to a catalog and trying to, you know, buy something that I don't even want there because I have no other way to use those tokens. Sorry, someone at the back, yeah. Thank you so much for the positive slides. I also have the same question about the real estate and the nature of the time that Agile mentioned, right? There is a side of, in the cryptocurrency world, they feel that the next couple of years or four years it's more of an infrastructure building because Bitcoin and only 7% of the cryptocurrency can do 15%, right? Absolutely. Correct. So one thing, remember, most of these... And so I was at a forum last time and someone asked me when will we see cryptocurrency or blockchain 3.0? And I was like, wait, wait, wait. We are not even at blockchain 1.0. So 3.0 is a long way off. So what you have is a very fast evolving technology. It's still very, very much in its infancy. So it's not even at 1.0, it's just emerging, right?  The problem with Bitcoin and Ethereum as it is today, they use proof of work, which is absolutely not scalable. But Ethereum is already looking at moving to proof of stake and you have a whole lot of cryptocurrencies today that go beyond proof of stake and are much more powerful from a technology perspective as far as the blockchain is concerned, right? So you'll see that evolving. And in fact, so when I said that, they said, like, how do you see... So do you think that by, you know, 2019 you'll have a faster block? I was like, I don't know. Tomorrow you might have someone announce something that's, you know, thrice the speed or five times the speed, right? I know that there's been research going on and there are a couple of chains that are, you know, coming out. They're not, like, not yet released and things like that that match the Swift network and that can match the Visa and the Mastercard network because you need to get to that speed till coffee shops and things like that can start accepting these transactions, right? Now, if you have one coffee shop or you have a local coffee shop, find a local chain, five, six, seven. What about the global chains? What about the regional chains that are Pan-Asian or Pan-European? They've got thousands of shops that have people every morning, 9 a.m., ordering tons of coffee. So can the blockchain handle that? So, yes, it will need to evolve, but having said that, you're already seeing a whole lot of new blockchains that sway a long way from the proof of works and that can actually address some of the credit card networks that you have today in place. Yep? I think when you look at the popularization of cryptos, one of the perspectives that is not often presented is the fact that on the supply side, that it's the issuers, they can do whatever they want. You know, it's no different to issuing crypto vis-a-vis play money in like the monopoly here. Correct? But what is important is the demand side. So why would people want to for sale yet and have a whole pocket of different cryptos to use on a daily exchange buying coffee, buying lunch, you know? Good one. In terms of like, do we have a phone, software-based wallet or do we carry some kind of hardware wallet that will be universal? It seems to me the timeline of 2019 is very optimistic, but at the same time, whether it's optimistic or not, it doesn't look taking into account the demand side. Absolutely.  I mean, there is a fundamental need for human perception to say, okay, the price of certain items is comparative between today and tomorrow.  Good point. Correct. And let me answer that in two parts. And that's why I completely agree with you. You've got to get institutions coming on board and that's why we are building institutional great exchanges and things like that.  But here's the reason why there are a few very key features of this, right? I'm not advocating for Bitcoin or something, but today if I, let's say, probably not Singapore, but if I have the Malaysia, I have some Malaysian ring it and or I have the Vietnamese dong or the Korean, you know, the local currency. And I went to India, for example, there's no way they'll accept that. Now, suddenly Bitcoin is Bitcoin everywhere. Number one, right? So I don't have to really go to a money exchange every time. Yeah. Is the technology ready for something like that? I don't know. Number one, number two, if I travel a lot and I go to McDonald's in Singapore and I have to figure out how much does it cost in a Singapore dollar, then I go to another place in Vietnam and then now I have to calculate is, you know, what's the price and how is it? And so it takes care of a lot of that piece, right? So you have a kind of single denominator that you can actually pick things again. I'm not saying that, hey, you'll suddenly find fiat going away. No, I don't think so. But what I think will happen is the tokenization even of the fiat. So the underlying, so if you're using Bitcoin and let's say you need to pay for a $10 meal, you don't really divide the Bitcoin, divide it by the fiat and actually start to pay that out. That's all taken care underneath, by the underlying technology, right?  So that all is taken care. So, you know, from a user perspective, you don't have to worry about that, right? But what it allows you to do is the convenience. Number one, number two, it's a global registry. It's a decentralized open registry where, yeah, everything is recorded there. It's transparent and everyone can see, right? A number of other features, yeah. Just to share a couple here that address your point. Your point is that there can be a place of tokens or some kind of cryptocurrency to be kind of... Some form of exchange of value. Yeah, but my point is... We travel overseas these days very often and we carry our credit card and we just do the exchange automatically for it. And that's the next point. Do you know how much your credit card company charges you? American Express? I use American Express. I use the most fees and you lend. Very little, very little. Very, very little compared to that. Absolutely. So I know a couple of companies in Singapore that are also doing the remittance things and if you're using something like Western Union and things like that and if you're using two non-easily convertible currencies, the rate can be as high as close to double-digit even. If you're trying to exchange swap to non-easily convertible... Of course, doing US dollar versus Singapore dollar, the pip is very small. But try doing two non-convertible ones and it's large. Much larger. So yeah, efficiency. Actually, they charge you twice because the credit card charges you once and the bank charges you again. So it's a two-way charge. Yeah, but what's the hatred rate that will be on your bank? I think it's probably around 3%? On the exchanges? No, no, much lower, much lower. Lower than single digit. It's lower than 1%. Unless you're trying to do it OTC over the counter, then it's the wild wild west, whatever you pay. But yeah, otherwise no. Very low. So a number of these, and again it's not one or two of these, but a combination of these, right? The last but not the least is why would I want to swap out of a very stable fiat currency? There are lots of places in this world that barely have a fiat currency left, right? Places like Zimbabwe, you know what happened there to their currency. Places like Venezuela today, you know what's happening to their currency and they're trying, they're doing it the wrong way. They are trying to put it against the petrodollar. They've got fuel, so we'll sell. No, that's not the right way, but yeah, they're trying something, but there are places that could use this, right? In Singapore, we don't need that right away. There are benefits, but probably not that much, but there are a lot of places in the world that could definitely take us for something like this, a completely digital, easily swappable currency. So question, just so that I can get this conceptually straight. So Singapore Airlines is going to be issuing tokens, right? The tokenizing, they are frequent flyers. They are loyalty program. So does this mean that I can take Singapore or I could one day use my Singapore airline mouth to go and buy a cup of coffee? So here's the thing, and that's what needs to evolve, right? So tomorrow, if it's a token and it's on a public blockchain, I can go and swap it for a Bitcoin, I can go and swap it for a Litecoin, I can swap it for Ripple, and then I can go to any shop that accepts one of these currencies and just pay for that. Tomorrow, what you'll also see is wallets, right? Where you can have different types of cryptos or different type of currency inside it, and you simply go and you pay for it, and the wallet takes care. So what it does is at a very basic grassroots level, it takes your crypto, goes and sells it on the exchange at the prevailing rate, returns the fiat and transfers the fiat into the merchant's account. So the merchant really doesn't care because he gets his Singapore dollars or whatever he's looking for, right? What needs to happen is those tokens need to be swappable on an exchange somewhere. Then it could be any token, right? It could be a coffee shop token. It could even be, you know, your hawker center token for that matter. All you basically do is be able to swap, have the ability to swap that into something that's more accepted. So will this rely on Singapore Airlines' implicit promise to redeem these miles that have been traded at the exchange for airline seats? I don't have all the details on what Singapore Airlines is doing, but if they issued a token, for example, and that token is exchangeable on any exchange, forget the airline seat. I'll just go and swap them for Bitcoin or something. I'm just joking, but if it is easily tradable or for Starbucks coins, and then I just go and buy coffee. And if I want seats, of course, that's on their own system, right? But imagine if all the airlines do this and I have a few Singapore Airlines, a few in Cathay, a few in this, and I decide tomorrow I want to fly on VATJET. I just go and swap all those tokens on an exchange to buy VATJET tokens, and then redeem those tokens, VATJET tokens on VATJET Airlines for a ticket to Siebel, or wherever. So one thing that comes to mind is that frequent fly-miles are at present quite tightly controlled, right? I can't freely transfer it to other people without a lot of paperwork. Manually, yes, it's all... Yeah. So if these miles go onto the open exchange and then we have the next George Soros playing financial wizardry on these tokens. Yeah, but it has to make economic sense for him to do that, right? So what if somebody with one of these guys goes and picks up all the tokens, right? So, yeah, but it needs to make economic sense and if he does that, the only thing it'll do is drive the price of the token up. So whoever is still holding the token is ridiculously rich and can fly free for the rest of the year or whatever, right? So, yeah, that's possible. But then, again, there's a new kind of field emerging which is token economics or token economics, which kind of, you know, where you look at... So how do you manage this? How many tokens do you have in play and how many does the issuing... Remember, Singapore Airlines will continue to issue tokens to you, so it's not like they're stopping issuing, right? They will continue to issue every time you fly. So is he gonna keep just buying those out and then... Nah, I don't think so. Yeah. Because it almost seems like these entities will then have an added responsibility of being, say, a fractional reserve bank of some sorts because then they have to manage the value of the tokens that they issue so that it doesn't affect... Yeah, but usually after it becomes, you know, credibly large and it reaches a kind of... You have, you know, a decent volume and things like that and it's fairly liquid and it's spread around. So it's not just among 10 people every day. Thousands of people are flying. So thousands of people come into the ecosystem. It kind of... Market dynamics take over and it kind of falls in place. Yeah, but if somebody for some reason sees value in buying those tokens or wants to kind of, you know... Let's say I want to throw a birthday party on a Singapore airline A380 and I just want to rack up enough tokens to pay... At some stage it might be just cheaper to go and buy the seats, right? At a discounted price or something rather than try to ratchet up that many tokens from an open market, which will drive the price up. But remember, I'm the guy paying for all the high price, right? The people will happily liquidate at a higher price if you're getting a dollar for every point you have on Singapore Airlines, you'll liquidate now. So yeah, so I don't have the details of the program and how they're planning to do it. Is it within a closed system or is it more from a public system? But yeah, you will see these things emerge, right? Which allows me to use my airline miles in a coffee shop and vice versa only because there's a kind of intermediary that facilitates that swap. So, another quick question. Basically... Can we wrap up? I'm really sorry. Sorry, last question.  We'll take that offline. Can he ask one? He just put it out there. It's okay, I'll get in touch with him. It's fine. I think we got it together. No worries. Great. Thank you so much, guys. I appreciate it.