Okay, welcome to Trump Week on Think Tech. I'm your host, Jay Fidel. Our show today is called Hate in America. Why are we going to talk about it? Why can't we all be friends? It's time we take a hard look at ourselves and find a way to come together for the benefit of all of us. And to do that, we have to appreciate the history. And we have Professor John David Ann, who is a history professor at HPU, to help us understand what has happened in this country and what the history is. And so we can appreciate the context for Donald Trump's remarks, his varying remarks, his remarks here and there and hither and beyond over the past few days, including today, where he said he felt liberated by his open expression of what was in his heart a couple days ago in the lobby of Trump Tower, doubling down on his previous position, which did suggest to a lot of people in this country, a majority of the people in this country, that he favored, relatively speaking, he favored white supremacy. And indeed, that kind of... Sympathetic to... Sympathetic to white supremacy, yeah. And indeed, you know, that comment and the comments he's made has somehow engendered, you know, a public uproar, but also a coming together of the white supremacist group in this country. And there's a whole study about how, as president, you can foment unrest with just a few words, and he's done that. He's been doing it for six months now. Yes, he has. So, John David Ann, thank you for coming. Sure. This important show. Yes. We need to put it in context to understand, you know, all the historical events in this country that have led to the special situation we're at now, where people are proud to be white supremacists, they say a lot more is coming, that they're getting together and they're relying the Second Amendment to have guns, and they marched in formation with military helmets and weapons. Right. And there was a piece over the weekend about a Jewish temple that was in Charlottesville.  So what we have, and you know, the question they put, and I put it to you, is, wait a minute, is this the United States or somewhere else? What is going on? It's hard to believe what's going on. Right. Well, first of all, it's shocking. It's pretty horrible stuff. And unfortunately, I do think the rhetoric of the president has empowered this group. We've talked about this before, but, you know, he's not, he tried to, right? He tried to condemn them. And then the next day he said, nah, I don't think so. So he clearly has some sympathy for white supremacists, and it's terribly embarrassing to the Republican Party. It's embarrassing to the great majority of Americans in the country. I think 25% said what he said was good enough. 75% said, no, no, this is terrible. And so, yeah, this is, it's very disturbing stuff, but it has a very deep history with it in our country. And that's what we want to study today, that deep history that has been revealed, and we are reminded of it by virtue of these events over the past few days. So let's talk about the history. Where did this all begin, this white supremacy thing? Right. So then, yeah, I mean, that's the right question is, how can it be that in 2017 you have white supremacists in the United States who are proclaiming their superiority to other races? How is this possible? Well, there's a history to this which is quite important. And in order for us to understand this, we have to go back to the Civil War and reconstruction. So the Civil War was, of course, a battle about slavery. It was actually a battle about a particular race and the oppression of that race. And coming out of the Civil War, you have the country embracing new freedom, Lincoln embraced new freedom. And then the entire country did through the Civil Rights Amendments, through the Reconstruction Amendments, the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments freeing slaves, establishing a new civil rights basis for all citizens in the country. And then allowing banning discrimination for the 15th Amendment, banning discrimination on voting except for criminals. And so we thought, okay, that lays the basis for the country going forward, not so fast. Actually, this is where there's a kind of counter force to this, what I would call an emancipationist version of reconstruction. I hear in between your remarks the essence of it is that maybe the North did not do reconstruction properly. Maybe they were pushing too much. Well, that's some white supremacist actually would argue that what the North did was a military dictatorship in the South which imposed these Reconstruction Amendments upon the South. And then now we're getting into actually this, so you have the emancipationist narrative and then you have the white supremacist narrative. Even way back then. Absolutely. Right after 1865. This is during Reconstruction and these two narratives are competing for space in the country.  And then in Reconstruction you have a dictatorship of the South, a union between the Republican Party and African Americans, a big mistake allowing African Americans voting rights and the right to serve in office. And then the Ku Klux Klan comes in and it saves the day. This is a simplified version of a narrative which actually as it develops from the late 1870s onward it actually becomes the dominant interpretation of the Civil War and Reconstruction. The Civil War was a mistake and so you have these, through the years you have these reunions, reunions of Northern and Southern soldiers and expressions of the tragedy of the Civil War and then you have this narrative about African Americans that they should not have equal rights, that they are inferior. And this carries through the 20th century, it's only in the 1950s that you have historians who begin to embrace a different narrative, a narrative of Reconstruction as a positive, as a positive one. What you're saying I think is that you know the war ended, the North won, but the war wasn't really over. That's right. They were still fighting it decades and decades later and that fight included the Ku Klux Klan. That's right. But also you use the word dictatorship of the North. So if we can just hang on a second, can you bring up the first slide? Yes. And this is of course the Ku Klux Klan, which today comprises about 180 open members and probably another 3,000 total. Throughout what states? Well, it's mostly in the South. There might be a couple of members in the, in Indiana, Southern Indiana, Ohio, that area. But it's really mostly in the South. But there were times when the Ku Klux Klan was really out of business where it faded off the scene. That's correct. We're talking about the continuum there? Right. So the Ku Klux Klan, which in this white supremacist version of Reconstruction is actually the liberating force of the South. The Ku Klux Klan first starts in the late 1860s. It actually starts as a veteran's organization for Confederate soldiers. And so then it develops in the early 1870s as a force to try to intimidate these new voters, African-Americans, away from the polling place. And it also causes some violence. There are some, there are some assassinations of African-Americans who are attempting to vote and so on. But you said before that it was a dictatorship of the North and the South. Well, it's, the situation in the South is complicated. I would see it. I think, again, that's the white supremacist interpretation. But what are they referring to? But what they're referring to is the Republican Party, the Republican Congress actually passes a very strong Reconstruction with these Reconstruction amendments and then sends Northern troops back down into the South. It revokes an earlier Reconstruction by President Andrew Johnson, who took power after Lincoln was assassinated, Johnson was a southerner. It turns that back and then implements this new Reconstruction. A higher level of enforcement. Well, with using the military. With Americans, with Union soldiers in the South and enforcing these new Reconstruction, watching over the reabsorption of these states into the Union, because the states now have to pass these Reconstruction amendments and then trying to protect those civil rights that have just been given to African-Americans. So it kind of was a war, sort of. The military from the North imposing these new amendments and the Klu Klux Klan is responding to that. But my question though is, I wonder, wouldn't it have been possible for the North to do a better job in Reconstruction to sell it socially somehow? There's several versions of Reconstruction. Let's look at Lincoln's version. So we've looked at the Republican plan and Andrew Johnson's plan. We didn't spend a lot of time on that. But Lincoln's plan was that you had to have 10% of any southern state, any rebel state, pledging allegiance to the Constitution of the United States, the Union. And then office holders and officers would be, they could not vote and they could not hold office from the Confederacy. They could not do either of these. For life. That's right. They would be banned for life from that. The 10% plan was a very lenient Reconstruction. Lincoln wanted to re-knit the Union as quickly as possible. He saw the devastation of the war and wanted to reunify the country as quickly as possible. That did not prevent it. Well, Lincoln was assassinated and then Andrew Johnson's Reconstruction plan involved requiring planters, the wealthy planters, to apply to him in person for a pardon. He pardoned all of them. And so the Republicans in Congress came to hate Andrew Johnson and then they went forward with their own Reconstruction. Which was much tougher. That's where these constitutional amendments come into play. It's tougher. I would say it is Lincoln's new birth of freedom. The constitutional amendments are so important. He wanted those amendments. Yeah. Well, Lincoln was on board. Yeah. Lincoln actually helped to, he was still alive when the ending of slavery happened in the Congress. And then, of course, the 14th Amendment, that's our civil rights amendment. That's the amendment we use today to protect, to process, for all Americans to protect civil rights. And the 15th Amendment was simply banning the, stopping the banning of voting except on the basis of whether or not you've committed a crime. Which was apparently happening in the South. Well, actually, what happens in the South then is that immediately after this amendment is passed, then southern states define a crime as just being on the street. You don't have a job and you've committed a crime and so they can throw African Americans back into slavery and to form slavery with that. So, the Republican constitutional amendments, that was liberation. I don't think there's any other way to define that. Was it too onerous on the South to be liberated in this way? Well, I suppose history tells us that it was too much for the South to take. And this is why the Ku Klux Klan arises. Was the American military, the Northern military that came, the Republican military, came down there to enforce these new amendments. Was there violence? Were there incidents? There was violence between white supremacists and mostly between white supremacists and African Americans who were new voters and new office holders. Yeah, there were a few pitched battles over whether or not a state could come back in under one of these new emancipationist constitutions. Yeah, there was quite a bit of violence. Okay, and so now you have the North dominating on these points. They have the military there. Right. And then these veterans from the Civil War, the Confederate side, are putting on white outfits and riding all across the South. And it's not just veterans, it's sympathizers. It's white supremacists who sympathize with the cause of the Ku Klux Klan. But the Klan is put down in the 1870. The Klan disappears by the 1880s. Because? Well, in part it's because the military in the South has given power to actually put down the Klan and to arrest Klan members. But the other part of it is they kind of achieved their goals. By 1877 then, the Congress passes a law, and the President signs it, which says that there's home rule. Home rule said that the South can make its own laws without federal interference. This changes things. And this allows segregation and disenfranchisement, segregationist laws to come into place, disenfranchisement laws, and segregation laws, laws that are separation and laws that disenfranchise not only African-Americans, but poor whites as well. So the Ku Klux Klan kind of achieved its goal. The Klan does not emerge again until World War I. So let's hold it there. We'll take a short break. John David Dan, history professor at HPU, will come back and see the reemergence of the Klan, and will connect the dots from after World War I until now. When it's obvious they are still in existence, and in fact, some say they're growing. Oh my God. We'll be right back. Aloha, welcome to Hawaii. This is Prince Dykes, your host of The Prince of Investing. Coming to you guys each and every Tuesday at 11 a.m. Right here on Think, Take, Hawaii. Don't forget to come by and check out some of the great information on stocks, investings, your money, all the other great stuff. And I'll be your host. See you Tuesday. Aloha, a richer conception. The host of Hispanic Hawaii. You can watch my show every other Tuesday at 2 p.m. We will bring you entertainment, educational, and also we'll tell you what is happening right here within our community. Think, Take, Hawaii. Aloha. Hi, we're back live here on Trump Week, and we're talking about hate in America. We're talking about white supremacy, the Klu Klux Klan, and with John Davidan, who is telling us about the Klan, perhaps as a metric, a canary in the coal mine, if you will, to help us understand white supremacy. Yeah, that might be a good way of describing it, because of course the Klan, as I said, is very small today. But other groups, and sympathy towards white supremacy in general, that it might be growing, really it's hard to know how prominent it is, but it clearly has captivated some small part of the American public. So, you mentioned before the break that after World War I, it re-emerged. And I guess that's both. Both of those things re-emerged. That's correct, the Klan and white supremacy. Really, the late 19th century is the heyday of segregation and disenfranchisement. It's also the heyday of racialist ideologies, in which pseudo-scientists study African Americans and whites, and conclude, of course, that African Americans are inferior to whites and never could reach up to the level of whites. This is very prominent in the late 19th century. Almost as a science already, social science. No, actually, some of them, who are in fact southern planters, describe themselves as scientists and proclaim their work as scientific. And there's a connection there between the racist thing about the blacks, but also the immigrants coming from Europe in that same period. That's correct. So, from the 1890s onward, then you have this huge, this massive influx of immigrants from eastern and southern Europe, in the range of 30 million over several decades. And there's a reaction against this influx, and you have the Ku Klux Klan arising once again in 1915 in southern Indiana.  What about Asians on the West Coast? Oh, yeah, yeah, but that's kind of a whole... It's distant. It's distant. Well, it's a different anti-movement. So, enter Woodrow Wilson. Right, right. Oh, this is so interesting.  Let's see, yeah, there's Woodrow Wilson. Right, so Woodrow Wilson, of course, became president of the United States in 1913 and became kind of set a template in place of defining American internationalism for the entire 20th century, really, became one of the most powerful people in the history of the world. But Wilson was also a white supremacist. He believed in segregation. He was the first president to segregate the White House of African-American maids and servants who would have to now sleep in separate quarters from the White. It had not been segregated before Wilson. It had not been segregated before Wilson, so... And also, Wilson wrote a book, right, before he became president, called Disunion and Reunion. And in this book, he talks about reconstruction and talks about the effects of reconstruction. And the book becomes an inspiration for another book by a guy named Thomas Dixon, called Birth of a Nation, or the Klansman, it's about the Ku Klux Klan. And this was turned into a movie in 1915. Famous movie. That's right, or infamous movie. Thank you. Called Birth of a Nation, which was shown around the country, and in fact, Wilson had a special showing at the White House. And the movie quotes Woodrow Wilson. So if we could bring up that quote. That quote. I'm going to read this quote because it's very important to understand when I say that Wilson was a white supremacist and supported the Klan, he said it himself. The white men were roused by, and this is during reconstruction. The white men were roused by a mere instinct of self-preservation until at last they're sprung into existence a great Ku Klux Klan, a veritable empire of the South, to protect the Southern country. Scary, chilling. It was a Southerner. Wilson was a Southerner. He was from Virginia. And he sided with white supremacists on this issue. And he believed that the Ku Klux Klan was a liberating force, that it had in fact liberated the South from this military occupation and the oppression of these constitutional amendments. What's odd about it is that he's the father of the League of Nations. He was trying to knit the world together after World War I. It's a glaring contradiction in Wilson's thinking. But the issue is that Wilson was dipping into this white supremacist narrative about reconstruction. And then this narrative goes forward into the 20th century. It's not until, actually, W.E.B. Du Bois in 1935 publishes a book about reconstruction, in which he really deconstructs this white supremacist narrative. But it's really not until the 1950s and 60s that other historians jump on this and begin to do studies of the oppression during the Jim Crow days and of the liberation of reconstruction after the Civil War. So it takes a very long time. And that narrative is not dead. What we're seeing today is that narrative of white supremacy still populating, still drawing white supremacists to it, people with resentments against African-Americans or other races, people with a political agenda. So using that narrative, which has been pumping just quietly underground here for several decades, actually probably since the Civil Rights Movement, when it flared up again. So I would say this is another flair in that narrative, that ideology of white supremacy. So I think that helps to explain in historical terms what we're looking at today. Well, I think a lot of white people in the South were disadvantaged during the Depression. They didn't have prospects. They had to be mad at somebody. They were in competition with the blacks for jobs. And it fed the racism there. And the racism never disappeared. And I'm interested in this reemergence, if you will, or the reattention to the issue in 1950s and 60s. I guess what was happening there? I mean, we had Brown versus Board of Education come in there. We had a new national awareness. And it was an awareness that said, let's not be racist. That's true. And yet this was emerging again. That's right. Well, so I mean, this is really quite interesting, because the Brown versus Board of Education decision, the justices actually have read a book called An American Dilemma. And it's a book that's a study of racism in the South. And this economist goes into the South. And he writes up this study. He's not an American, by the way. I think he's from Sweden. And he does this study. And it becomes this big kind of book in the United States. And Supreme Court justices actually referenced that book in their decision. Saying that even if separate was actually equal, there is a moral high ground which has to be recognized that cannot condone any sort of separation of the races, because it implies that it indicates the inferiority of one race to another. So that's why Brown versus Board of Education is such a powerful decision, because it has a moral in prime. Great moral statement. But we just say, I mean, it's hard to make judgments value judgments now. But did it work? Did it work? Well, there's a lot of debate about that. The integration of schools. That's for another show, Jay. Many shows to come here. This probably hasn't worked like some people thought. So OK, so Brown versus Board of Education and there's a struggle through the 60s. And you mentioned before the show, in the Civil Rights Act days, there was a lot of resistance and feedback. But so in the 1960s, you had two presidents who embraced the Civil Rights Movement. And this is quite important, because the Civil Rights Movement is winning some local judicial victories, victories in court cases. They are winning those. And they're winning a few state decisions. But it's really, they can't make much progress without the federal government getting involved. And once Eisenhower sends troops in the South in 1957 to protect students going to Little Rock High School. George Wallace, was it? No, this is Fawbus. Fawbus, yeah, Fawbus, yeah. Orville Fawbus, who is the famous, infamous person. Yeah, that's right. Governor of Arkansas and a white supremacist. So that makes a difference. And then you have John F. Kennedy, who supports the Civil Rights Movement increasingly, because he recognizes in it. I think as it goes forward, he recognizes a moral imperative. And he doesn't at first. He sees it in terms of politics at first. But by 1963, he recognizes that this country really has a problem. Does he believe it? Or just recognize it? No, I think he did by 1963. And then, of course, Kennedy is assassinated. And Lyndon Baines Johnson becomes president. Johnson actually grows up as a white supremacist. And Johnson actually has a conversion to the civil rights. And maybe that makes him the strongest advocate of civil rights, because he becomes an incredibly strong advocate of civil rights. So we had those two presidents who led the federal presence, protecting those marchers in the south, prosecuting white supremacists in the south on federal charges when counties and states refused to do prosecutions, because you had so many white supremacists in the south, or so many who, if they weren't white supremacists, they at least supported the system of segregation. And so the civil rights movement is about destroying segregation and disenfranchisement. So you have presidents who support this. You see my point here. You have leadership at the top that helps make the civil rights movement popular. They could do pop into justice to enforce those laws through the south under the federal power. In a different situation, with a different president, the civil rights movement might have failed. And I think that's a very important point to think about. Right now. Yes, that's correct. So what happened between, say, 1968 and Johnson Civil Rights Act and now? Where were we when Trump just emerged? So the white supremacist movement never disappeared. The Ku Klux Klan never disappeared completely, although prosecutions against it really ratcheted up in the 1960s. But it's very small. It's a discredited organization for the most part. And civil rights became a call to enfranchise all kinds of different people, people with disabilities, gays and lesbians, people of different sexual orientation. So it became what I would call an era of rights consciousness. And it's this idea, this cultural idea that everybody has a right, everybody has civil rights, that Trump has used effectively in the 2016 campaign to say, hey, this is political correctness. And we don't need to, this is just nonsense. And we want ourselves to be recognized. And so it's like an inversion of this rights consciousness. Trump is actually using this, using rights consciousness to say, hey, white people have rights too. So it's this kind of weird distortion of what has been a very strong move by the country towards freedom and liberation, which is kind of at the basis of all this. Sort of social equality, social justice. And all of a sudden it seemed to stop its tracks. And he was early on stroking the white supremacists. And now it's come out in the open. He's come out. Right. So we don't live in 1877. We don't live in 1915. We don't live in 1963 either. We live in 2016, and a lot of attitudes have changed. And so Trump's clear sympathy for their fine people in the Ku Klux Klan. Clear sympathy towards white supremacists is out of sync. It's out of sync with the vast majority of the American people. Even people who, according to the polling, said that what Trump said was OK, they probably were thinking more about what he said on Monday in his White House press conference when he read from a teleprompter, I condemned white supremacists. It gets confused, doesn't it? That's right. That's right. They probably are thinking more about that than they are about what he said on Tuesday, which is, you know, and afterwards. So what's happened with him is that he's shaving off his base every time he tweets or opens his mouth. He's offending more and more people, the republics. So he offended financial republicans, business leaders. They're staunch republicans. They would never consider. They would never consider voting Democrat. But they left his manufacturing and his other policy councils in droves. They decided themselves to shut it down. He later on tried to claim credit for that. But the truth is, in a concerted effort, they said, you know what? This is wrong. And we're out of here. We're not supporting this guy. Well, I think that's great. And that's a residual of the enlightenment, if you will. And it followed the Civil Rights Act in the 60s. But you know, one thing, and we need to discuss this is what did he do in terms of the white supremacist group? Because he seems to have galvanized them. They're coming out. They're speaking of coming together, becoming stronger, and more violent. They'll tell you that. And this could have a huge effect on the country. It only takes a few violent people to turn history around. So that's an important point, a few. Because this is a very small group. It's a very small movement. And they might have people, other people in the background who are sympathetic, who are willing to use racial epithets, but are not willing to march. So this is a very small group. And you know, will they turn violent? You know, the good news is the Attorney General has said, hey, what happened in Charlottesville is a hate crime. That ups the ante for the guy. That's correct. So that ups the ante for convicting this guy and punishing him much more severely. So I think, I mean, let's hope that there's not more violent. Let's hope. But we need to follow it, John. We need to see where it goes from here. Because one thing is we are on a historical transformation of some kind. And we always need a historian to help us understand it and get through it. Thank you, John David. Hawaii Pacific University, Professor of History. Thank you very much.


Hi, I'm Matthew Coast, head dating coach and founder at commitmentconnection.com and in today's video We're going to talk about why men don't talk about what's bothering them But before we talk about that if you're struggling to attract the right man into a committed lasting relationship make sure you go to my website at commitmentconnection.com and take my quiz So today's question comes from a woman in our community and she's asking Why men don't talk in their relationship about what's bothering them? And there's really kind of two reasons that I have here for you and the first one is that a lot of men Just you know, they grew up in a culture where that teaches them not to talk about what's Really going on with them And so if he grew up in a culture where he doesn't talk about that kind of a thing And people just kind of ignore it or they you know walk away from it or you know, whatever That might just be something that he's learned from childhood a lot of people, you know grew up with that kind of stuff and another reason is that Actually, I think I've got three reasons here and the second reason is if he gets upset or freaks out or if you get Upset and freak out or argue with him about things that he brings up or you know, you get worried about things He may not end up bringing things up to you Or if he's been in a relationship before with a woman who gets upset or you know Freaks out when he brings things up to her He might have been kind of trained not to Bring things up So if you want to kind of overcome that you need to show him that you can he can talk to you about anything and that You won't end up freaking out on Him and just be incredibly open and allow him to say anything to you without getting offended or acting crazy Or you know freaking out on him and then The last one that I have here is you know, sometimes men just need to process things and and You know things will happen and they're just like hey, you know We feel like we just need to go away and just spend some time away You know, it doesn't mean you know things are bad doesn't mean things are bad between You know two people in the relationship. It's just that you know men need to process things, especially when it's emotional a lot of times they just need to go off and just be by themselves for a little bit go into their man cave or you know, whatever they go into and Just takes some time to process things and you know, you shouldn't take that personally ever Because it's not about you So that's it for this video if you want more information about what's stopping you from attracting Mr. Right into a committed lasting relationship Make sure you go to my website at commitment connection calm and take my quiz I'm Matthew coast and I'll speak with you again soon


Hi I'm Janice Hall with the Alabama Extension and today I'm going to be showing you how to decorate holiday cupcakes that you can do at home yourself just using a few tools that you may already have at home. We're gonna have a lot of fun but first we need to cover some basics food safety basics. The first thing you need to remember is that you need to wash your hands before you start to decorate. We want to make sure that this is done so we don't make anyone sick. Another thing to do is to make sure that you are wearing gloves. I'm going to demonstrate this when we get started with our cupcakes. Not only can you bake those delicious and beautiful cupcakes for home for the holidays but you can also sell those through a program that the Alabama Extension offers called the Cottage Food Law. If you're interested in starting an at-home business just visit our website at www.aces.edu.com or slash go or slash cottage food business. Now let's get started and have some fun decorating our cupcake. Okay so now we're going to make a present cupcake and we're going to use our red fondant to make our first present cupcake. So before we start with our red fondant we're going to cut out a circle to go on top of that cupcake. Okay so we have some white fondant. I want the white to be our base but you can use whatever color you would like. So we're gonna take it and roll it out and then using a cutter any circle cutter that you may have at home will work. It just depends on what you have and as long as it's a circle and you can cut with it you go for it. Alright so we have cut out our circle. Now to get our fondant to stick to the cupcake we're going to take a little bit of icing and we're going to just smooth it on top of that cupcake. Isn't that looking pretty already and we hadn't even gotten to the present part of it. Then we're going to take our circle and we're going to place it on top of the cupcake like this. Okay it's starting to look amazing already. Okay now I like sprinkles so what we're gonna do is we're gonna put sprinkles on the cupcake before we start with our present. So just take a little bit of water and smooth it on top of that cupcake. Now you do not want a lot of water on your cupcake because that will make the colors on your fondant start to bleed. So you want to make sure it's just a little bit of water and then we're gonna take our sprinkles and we're gonna just put sprinkles. Oh I love sprinkles on cupcakes don't you? Yes.  Now that looks pretty by itself but let's take it up a notch. Alright so now we have our red fondant so you're gonna take your fondant and roll it out like that. Doesn't have to be long you just need it long enough so that you can cut out some rectangles. That's right rectangles. So we're gonna take our piece of cutter or whatever you may have at home that you can cut with safely and we're just going to even it up a little bit on each end and now I'm going to cut a ribbon a rectangle.  So we got two rectangles which are our ribbons and we already have water on our fondant so to get it to stick we're just going to place it on top of the fondant. Now it's starting to overlap. Uh-oh so what do we do? We just gonna we're gonna take our finger and pop it off. Then we're gonna take our other piece of fondant and we're going to put it try to get it as centered as you can and then we're going to use our finger and pop it off. There we go. Check it out. So we've got our ribbon on our cupcake. Okay so now to get our bow every present should have a bow of some sort. Ribbon is really cute but I love a bow on a present. So now to make a bow you probably have seen these in the craft stores. These are fondant molds and you can make shapes all of these different shapes by just using fondant. So basically it's super easy y'all you just take your fondant and I'm gonna use this bow it is so cute and we're gonna just press it in the mold like that and we're not done.  So what I do is I'll take my finger or my thumb and just press down pretty pretty hard try to give it a nice little and break off that excess fondant like that. Now what you need to do and if you could just see right here I'm going to make sure that all of the fondant is inside of the design. Remember in school your teacher taught you color inside the line color inside the line. Well that applies right here we're making fondant. All right so now what we're gonna do I like to try to get that out I would I like to bend it and just pop it out like that. It's not gonna break I promise you.  And now we have our present cupcake. Okay so if you don't have a mold to make your fondant bow I'm gonna show you right quick how to make one using your fondant and not not the mold. So basically just take your fondant and work it a little bit roll it into a ball then rock it back and forth.  Then we're gonna take our rolling pin and roll it out so again we're going back to those ribbons. So we're gonna roll it out and we're gonna cut make sure it's somewhat on the thin side but not too thin.  I would say about one two three inches so we're gonna just cut it off right there. And then you're gonna take that ribbon and fold it find the middle way of that fondant and squeeze it together like that.  And then take your pinky and wiggle inside to open that bow up.  Break it off with your finger and you've got a fondant bow like that that you can put on top of your cupcake.


So now let's take a look at threat analysis. Before we start down the path of understanding threat assessments, let's take a look at a couple of definitions. First is the asset, which is the item or service that the customer is providing and the item to be protected. You have a threat, which really is the action of exploiting the vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities, which are simply weaknesses of a system. And the countermeasures, which are procedures or safeguards put in place to mitigate specific vulnerabilities. All of us should be practicing a security threat analysis. Security is viewed as part of an overall system and can be quite complex. It's okay and it's important to view it as complicated. In this light, let's take a simple example and start a simple assessment to paint a picture of the process. First, ask a few questions. What is gained by the attacker by cloning? Are there systems that can detect clones? Are there liabilities or customer privacy or safety issues at risk? Are there supply chain risks that they should be concerned with, such as ghost production, stealing IP that belongs to you or others? Can theft occur after manufacturing? And what are those risks? Are there critical data, such as passwords, customer secrets, such as X509 certificates, or are there certain medical or HIPAA liabilities in place? Let's take a look at an example. Now let's analyze the concepts and relationships in a threat model. You have a company making an asset that a customer will value. The company wants to minimize the risk and protect the value of the asset. There are threats looking to exploit vulnerabilities in order to abuse these assets. With increased vulnerabilities, there is increased risk. Threats exploit vulnerabilities to gain access to assets. Countermeasures and barriers are developed to make a system less vulnerable to threats and reducing risk. Now let's take a look at a real-world example and look at a simple analysis of a smart metering system. This analysis can really be applied to most IoT systems. A typical architecture of a smart metering system consists of a cloud, network, gateway, and the actual smart meter. Some of the threats that are faced will be at the meter. These are compromised devices having denial of service attacks or malicious code. Maybe counterfeit devices, adding more denial of service or malicious code, but from a totally different piece of hardware. And corrupted data, it can be used to determine if people are physically present, manipulate meter readings, or other private data stealing or fraud. Threats through the communication link to the cloud are eavesdropping, man-in-the-middle attacks, and data corruption to perform commercial and cybercrime, maybe identifying empty houses, fraud invoice, manipulating meter readings, or misuse of private customer data. And finally, at the cloud service provider, there can be issues with fake services, commercial and cybercrime, disruption of administrative systems, maybe supply shutdowns or disruption of service, the spreading of wrong information or invoice fraud. One can see that if you are responsible for building the meter, there are other security vulnerabilities that can happen to the system. Do you need to worry about these other things? If so, great. Now you can deal with the protections needed to ensure that your system, when it's implemented, and now you can build layers of protection to address these vulnerabilities. So now you can really start to have an answer to, is your product secure? Start high level and fill in the details. Collect information about the architecture of your system and make diagrams and illustrations to see how this system communicates with other parts of your system. Use these maps to identify high risk inputs and outputs and keep a checklist of things to audit. This will help you prioritize the most important entry points that could yield the most return. Threat models are typically made during the product development cycle and the design process and are constantly fixed. During the product development life cycle, the threat models created and that model should continuously be updated as the product moves through the development life cycle. These documents and threat models should be living documents that change as the target changes or as you learn more about the target. So you should really update your threat model often. The threat models can exist at different levels. If the process of your model is complicated, break those things down and make sub threat models so you can add more levels to your diagram and really detail where threats might exist. On top of these, you can also add mitigation analysis so you can determine what it will take to mitigate these threats and add these on top of the threat analysis. You can also add a risk analysis. That way you can associate the costs to put these into your threat analysis. Sometimes there's threats that are out there but are so rare you don't need to spend money and add those costs to your system. Some questions for you to ponder. Have you detailed the system and understood the value of your asset and considered all the stakeholders involved? Are your products secure? Do you believe you have done a good enough job to protect the assets within your control? Do you protect your encryption keys? Is your customer's data passwords protected during normal operation and at rest? How easy would it be for someone to counterfeit your product? Do you have device integrity? Are your communications secure? And is your data stored securely? The STM32 trust is a security framework you can use to build the security layers you need to participate in your devices world. So where do we go from here? What is all the security stuff based on?


Welcome back to a week in geekdom geo here and at the end of every month I'd like to do a haul video with all the nerdy geeky cool stuff I acquired whether it's books figures movies TV Video games etc. etc. So yeah anime manga comics you name it in This video we're gonna focus on those three items because Let me tell you it was Most of the items I had pre-ordered and I had the idea of just getting a couple items, but Something really cool happened and I'll get to it in a couple minutes And it just blew me away And I'm so excited to share all the stuff that I acquired in the month of February So sprinkled throughout this video. I have to give a massive shout out to one of my Omni bros I have to give a shout out to Omar from near mint condition for an awesome care package, bro Thank you so much. You didn't have to but I was just Overwhelmed with emotion when I got it. I was not expecting it. Thank you so much And I got some really cool goodies then I wanted to give My boy Omar her shout out sprinkled throughout this Hall I'm gonna show you a couple items including some actual comics Yeah, it's been a while since I've gotten floppies, but this is part of the This is more orders number five of X men, but this is part of the 40th dark Phoenix saga anniversary variant sets if I remember correctly and From Excalibur, this is issue four. You got the Venom Island Variant and look at that awesome glare. All right, let me do this again and take two. It's okay We're not technically live. We can edit this So there's the actual variant. Thank you so much. That's really awesome. Let's talk some manga. All right This is actually pretty funny. I Don't I don't think I'm in any hot water for showing these books And I know a lot of you are probably gonna go like oh great. You got that book Yeah, I did one The premise is so bonkers and ridiculous I want to check it out and actually want to talk about it because it's hilarious and I just find the whole situation behind this series so funny and how much of an uproar over this and of course I am talking about interspecies reviewers now before I show the cover just a heads up the series is rated M for True, I guess parental advisory.  It's about these characters reviewing brothels in a magical realm where prostitution is legal and There's a actually there's a really decent amount of world-building and character interactions about them hooking up with different species Cyclops salamander girl or a Friggin elves and stuff like that and you get to I guess Learn have learned about these sucky worlds. I You're probably judging me. I know but I got the volumes for cheap and They came in wrapped in a cardboard, which I thought was funny And I I told myself like I'm not a child. I can I could take it So yeah, technically It's okay if I just show you the covers. I cannot show you What's inside this so but I will try and do a review on it. This is interspecies reviewers volume one volume two and The recently released volume three, so it's actually pretty funny even though. Yes I know there's a ton of fan service and it's a story That's not gonna be for anybody for everybody.  You only live once. I want to check it out. See what are the fusses about, right? Plus the whole deal with the anime and stuff. It just makes it a more infamous series a lot of websites like right stuff They're out of stock So a lot of people went in with the FOMO mentality like oh, this is a hot series a controversial series If you're following the anime news, so yeah, I went ahead and picked it up. Also I got to your eternity volume three, which I totally forgot actually let me turn down the Brightness a little bit so the glare isn't too bad. Sorry about that To your eternity volume three. I have the first two and I completely forgot You know, there's so much stuff going on and so many books and games and movies and stuff I forgot to keep reading. So I found this for cheap online. I think it was Amazon for like Six or seven bucks or something like that. So I picked it up. I can't wait to jump back into to your eternity From this we've got my hero academia volume 23. I don't like this cover at all I'd like the story. I'd love my hero academia, but this is my least favorite of the manga cover so far I don't know. I made a video about this next series on this channel Of course, I did a first impressions sort of thing on magical girl apocalypse And I do want to continue reading the story from where I left off. So I got volume eight Volume nine you see that volume nine and Volume ten and next month you're probably gonna see the rest of it because I found a sweet deal on most of them So I Grabbed everything in one go So yeah eight there's the spines. Yes. Yeah, show the spine for this one I'll show you now another manga. I got from vis is ran in the gray world volume six I've been wanting to do a video on this series for a long time But I want to get volume seven and then read the whole thing do a Actual series review instead of a spoiler-free first impressions kind of thing. So yeah gorgeous looking series There's the spine part of the vis signature line. So it's oversized Looking pretty fantastic. So that's it for manga. I actually got more volumes of stuff But I did they're not here for this haul video. You'll see them eventually. Don't worry about it Let's do anime because they go hand-in-hand. I guess Anime wise not a whole lot. I did get one of my favorite series that time. I got reincarnated as a slime This is the box set for the second part where you know, you can store the whole series. So I have Part one and part two of season one and it comes with a really cool art book Right there. It's like a hundred pages with a ton of With a ton of material inside Let's see if I can make you get interviews character designs and sketches and all that stuff Promo artwork Or illustrations, I should say sorry Yeah, really cool stuff. I'd love the series and I love the artwork and character designs and all that stuff So I'm really excited. I do collect the manga as well as the anime. So yeah Double dipping big time plus look at look at the hollow foil. How cool is that? I love it This is sort of embossed. I guess and it's all shiny And every corner has some really cool art Yeah, there's the cast right there Really cool and that comes with a lot of goodies you get art cards right there cards Get a vinyl decal of Rimuru and This cool little keychain, which I actually want to use I've been waiting for this haul video so that I can finally put it to good use on My laptop bag so really excited about that another series I got is hunter hunter volume 7 and with this I am officially done And I have the full anime now. We just we're waiting for more of The manga to finish so we can I get more episodes, right? So yeah, you can see behind me right there I am getting the manga past where the anime ended And I eventually I do want to get the manga because hunter hunter quickly became one of my favorite things ever Shonen jump related so I'm really excited about this To own the entirety of the anime on Blu-ray and I am going to do a rewatch pretty soon because you know now I can see everything on Blu-ray the final part for diamond is unbreakable of Jojo's bizarre adventure set five Looking pretty frickin fantastic and even though it's Chromium-silverish color when you shine a light to it you get that purple hue, which looks awesome And look at that Nothing much inside. I do miss the art guard.  You get the Blu-ray and the What is it called the key animation collection booklet? Let's do comics because why the heck not Comic books I got a few trades and hardcovers that I want to show and some goodies that I got from my friend Omar over at near me condition I got just as the dark falling two lords of order Really excited about it. I made a video on volume one if you want to check it out. I love just as the dark That's one of my favorite comic book teams Also got my hands on these savage shores from fault comics volume one I've heard nothing but great things about it. The art looks really cool. I do want to check it out and My favorite DC superhero and one of my favorite fictional characters of all time Aquaman I got from the Kelly's huge iconic run. This is volume two amnesty Looking really cool Love that back cover volume two Volume three comes out in this summer, I think and the deluxe edition of The death of a prince a pretty impactful storyline a really unique storyline compared to other superheroes I I'm so happy that we're getting oversized Aquaman art So we can put on our shelves. This is awesome. The in-between is called deadly waters It goes in between the previously released search for Mira deadly waters and then this death of a prince and Hopefully we do get all of the silvery stuff In oversized hardcover treatment. That would be pretty nice Keep buying them guys. If you buy the books if you pre-order the books, we'll get more. I also got from Marvel. Thanks to Neerman condition aero arrow That thing there you go. It's very anime manga-esque, so I'm really excited to check this out just on the art alone. I'm not too up-to-date with all the Marvel stuff the current 2020 and 2019 storylines, but I will be reading this as soon as possible Same with sword master, which looks really cool as well Omar, thank you so much for hooking me up with Agents of Atlas. That's awesome. I've always wanted to read this I did read back because this does cross over with It's the name of it dark rain So I do remember reading a few issues back a way back when that event was going on But I never read the entirety of it So I'm really excited about that something that I've been really aching for and it is the immortal hulk Oversize hardcover volume one it is actually my very first Hulk book that I that I own I've read a lot of Hulk stories, but I've never owned any of the books So I'm really excited to finally own something from such a beloved character So the immortal hulk volume one oversize hardcover. That's so awesome. That's about it guys That's a pretty heavy haul. I was just gonna highlight the couple manga Volumes and then it just escalated out of nowhere I got to give once again a big shout out to Neherman condition for the generous Care package. Thank you so much. It really does mean a whole lot to me and yeah, that's that's a haul Next month should be a pretty tame in comparison. I'm not Getting a whole lot of items, but hopefully you guys enjoyed this video if you want me to review a specific Thing although I do want to try and review everything But you know the the queue list keeps growing a lot of books just get piled Way to the bottom in favor of movies and series and anime and all that stuff So yeah, eventually I do want to cover everything But if you want me to review anything that you saw in this whole video Let me know in the comment section down below if this is your first time tuning into this channel Thank you so much. You're awesome. Thank you All the wonderful subscribers and all the wonderful comments It's just I am honored and deeply touched that so many people enjoy The content that I make and the reviews and all that stuff. It really does mean a whole lot to me I really appreciate it. It lifts my spirits when I see people enjoying This stuff that I'm making. It's awesome. Thank you Once again, I cannot stress that out enough Thank you for subscribing. Thank you for liking commenting if you want to see more videos Be sure to hit the bell icon so you know when new videos pop up Follow me on social media if you can Facebook Twitter Instagram. You can talk to me there. I'm always on and What else? That's about it. I think All right, I got to go. Thank you everybody for tuning in once again. I love all of you Blessings to all be safe out there. I will catch all of you on our next video


Namaskaram, here we are just back from the Pranapratishta of Nandi and Mahashula at the Sanidhi in Bangalore. And of course, the whole country is a gog about Srirama temple in Ayodhya. Rightly so, because people have been waiting for over five hundred years and here it is, so there is a tremendous excitement in the country. What is this all about? The process of establishing or consecrating a deity is about stabilizing an energetic or chronic form that exudes prescribed qualities. The qualities that we ascribe to the deity are the same qualities that we hold high and aspire for. In this civilization that we refer to as Hindustan, we do not wait for divinity to descend, but nurture and cultivate that possibility within us. In this effort, creating a stable base within is vital and that is called Anusthanam in Sanskritam and Anusthana in Sathran India and Hindi-speaking people call it Anusthan. This is an effort to build a foundation of the divine possibility within ourselves or turning this body into a living temple with purificatory processes and life enhancing methods, making the body fit enough to house the divine. For all consecrations that we do, here there is always an appropriate yoga sadhana for the participants. These sadhanas are a way of creating a stable base within to manifest the deity or the energy form that is manifested through Pranapratishta. This process of Anusthanam is done for various periods. There are sadhakas who do it for an entire solar cycle, which is just sort of twelve years. There are those who do for thirty-six months, there are those who do for ninety days, sixty-four days, thirty-three days, twenty-eight, twenty-one, twelve, eleven, nine, seven, five, three days, depending upon the type of Pranapratishta. These sadhanas are designed to enable the participant to imbibe and form the nature of the deity beyond imprints of memory and associated emotion, to make impression upon the pranamaya koshaa and vighanamaya koshaa of who we are. That means beyond the physical body and mental structures, we want to take this imprint of both this form and its qualities at a deeper level. In other words, to store or show the divine possibility into a deeper space of oneself, that the general rigor of life cannot deny or contaminate that possibility. In one search for liberation or moksha, this is an important step. The process of Anusthana is not only relevant at the time of consecration, but can be done at any time as convenient for individual people. It was common practice for individuals, endowing to take up significant activity in their life, went into periods of Anusthana. It is well documented of kings performing Anusthana before venturing into war or important campaigns, because success does not come due to one's desire, but by ensuring that one's own pravruti or set patterns of function do not become an impediment. To take on great challenges of the world, first thing to ensure is that you are not the problem. Anusthana is a powerful way that involves various methods as per the evolution of the individual or for every type of human being, a specific Anusthana can be worked out. It can be prescribed in terms of physical processes, breath-related, ritualistic, energetic or very consciousness-oriented. Every human being needs to do or find a way of doing Anusthana if wanting to live a life of impact and fulfillment. It is very heartening for me to see that the head of state of this great crucible of civilization doing Anusthana upon Rama, who in many ways is held as the epitome of a just, stable and a prosperous rule. Not just one leader, but all leaders and citizens of Bharat should do Anusthana to create Rama Rajya or a nation that is based on principles and rules, a law-abiding nation which we refer to as dharma. Dharma as a word has been confiscated by the common narrative of being a religion, dharma means a law. There were various types of dharmas, Raj dharma for the Raja, Grihastha dharma for people who live in families, Guru dharma for those who take up that position, various kinds of dharmas for different kinds of activity. That means rules and principles and ethics as to how one should function in a given position. But the most important dharma is swadharma, the dharma concerned with oneself. That is a spiritual process and that has taken the dominance and today other dharmas are not being talked about. So what does Rama Rajya mean? Is it about going back to bow and arrow times? No, it is about the values, the fundamental ethic that one should hold when other people come under your influence. Leaders who keep their personal well-being aside for people's welfare. This is Rama, willing to sacrifice personal goals for the larger good. That is Rama. To address all negativity with equanimity and grace, that is Rama. No matter at what cost to establish the rule of law or dharma, that is Rama. A constant striving to improve oneself, to be able to serve better every moment of your life, that is Rama. And if leaders aspire to become this, if they do anusthana on these qualities, there shall be Rama Rajya. When I say leaders, don't just think about political and military leaders or that sort. If you have just one more life upon which you can influence. If your influence is on one life or ten lives or a million lives or a billion lives, if you have the ability to influence and be a power upon another life, you must follow these five principles and you must create Rama Rajya wherever you are. That's what it means. It is not just leader means somebody who is up there, either elected or a king or a military leader or a business leader. Yes, it's relevant to all of them, but it's important that we understand leadership means we have the opportunity to make a difference in another life, whether it's one or one billion. That's not the point. Let's create Rama Rajya. Let's make it happen.


Time here for more systems and let's talk about SFP and SFP plus and a couple of these modules I've dove in this topic before in another video what it shall be linking to but this is specifically about Negotiation speeds between them and can I use this 10 gig DAC cable? Which is an SFP plus that cable in my one gig switch down here Well, yes, but and is there always always a but just because it fits doesn't mean it'll work But yes, they are physically compatible. There is a way to make them talk to each other the reason for doing this video is it's a Quick reply that I want to send to a lot of people who asked this question Especially with many more ISPs offering an SFP as a handoff People aren't necessarily sure exactly how to handle that and they see that because it fits But then they plug it in it doesn't work and hopefully this will solve that problem for them So let's look at the setup real quick first the source switch is a unify XG6 PoE This particular switch has a fiber module and a DAC module in X We're going to show how each of these work. This is connected at 10 gig to a meeker tick switch And we've reviewed this switch before and I'll be leaving a link to it down below So here are the connections to this switch, but one of the things of note here Let's go over to link and look at the module support on here And one thing that this does not have is those in between speeds people might be asking about such as 2.5 or 5 gig despite those standards being out for a while There's so quite a few switches that do not support it So if you have a handoff from your ISP and you do not have a switch that supports the in between speeds You probably can't link at that in between speed. It's just not likely to work You have to be able to set the negotiation speed because negotiation with set to auto does not work 100% of the time with these different cables as we're going to demonstrate Now the other switch we have at the bottom here is a one gig edge switch X and this just has two supports here and That are SFP, but not SFP plus which means physically it'll fit But it will not automatically work But as you can see we'll go back to the first page This is connected at 10 gig and this is connected at 10 gig and the 10 gigs land over here on SFP and this So we have the SFP one here and then we have Each of these now the one in in between is the one I wanted to cover as well And I've got a whole breakdown of all these different modules that convert SFP plus to UTP and give you 10 gig these are pretty cool modules and I'll leave a link to that video But one of the things I'll mention right away is this Module right here Even though it will fit in a port it won't do anything well It'll get a little bit warm, but it won't do anything in this So these if you want them to work you have to get a one gig one to put in a one gig port The 10 gig ones won't drop down compatibility Or maybe if there's a module that has at least some of the different ones I've tried from different companies would work inside of here They're 10 gig and 10 gig only except for they can negotiate down from a 10 gig on the RTP UTP side to a lower speed But yeah, you wouldn't really want to buy these and put them in these ports anyways So we'll take these out of the mix that leaves us with the DAC and the Fiber so let's go ahead and plug the DAC in And plug that in here, then we'll take the fiber pull it out of here Move that in move the fiber in now we can go back over to the switch They're missing from here and let's see what it says in the edge switch So it's thinking it takes a minute, but I'm going to assume yep There we go that the Port would link and it did it was able to negotiate down and we'll look over here at the unify It negotiated down right here The fiber not so much so so that 10 gig copper fiber module decided nope I'm not going to negotiate down to speed But that's where we're going to have to take it where it is set over here And say you know you're talking to on the other end actually scroll down here on the other end you are talking to Not a two and a half gig, but a one gig This is where you have to just kind of force it if you're doing a fiber handoff Then go ahead and hit apply It'll take a second to reprovision and push the change to that switch and we'll go over here while that's pushing And in a moment we should see this light right up now What's interesting is yes, this 10 gig fiber module plugged in and so you can plug Depending on switch or mileage may vary But you're likely to find compatibility with the fiber modules to work So this one right here will work on the port. It just will work at the slower speed now That we've got it negotiated It's now talking to it because it doesn't know how to try to talk 10 gig So it only tries to talk one gig That's why you have to be on the other side and force negotiate it Dak is a little bit smarter But I have seen some switches that aren't where you still have to set The negotiated speed to be the same on both Now the last thing I'll leave you with besides the links to the videos where I dive a little more in depth on this topic Is the compatibility of the modules themselves This is where things get a little tricky and I'm holding a sysco catalyst 1000 in my hand Now sysco catalyst 1000 is kind of an exception to some of the other syscos that someone may say, yeah, you can have Non sysco modules in here. No problem. Just put them in and then there's a Somewhat undocumented feature you can turn on a sysco to make them work This is where things get a little bit more convoluted with sysco because it does work in many of the models But not every model including as we found out the catalyst 1000 leave a link to review I did on these but what i'm hoping this answers the question is when you have the ISP handing off a different speed You may need to even put a switch in between because some Firewalls that do have 10 gig don't offer those in between speeds and may not auto negotiate So if you are excited and you're getting and we have a few clients that we've run into this They're getting two and a half gig internet and they try to plug it directly into Maybe whatever firewall they have if that firewall does not have support for two and a half gig Even though they have an sfp plus on there It may not work at that point You'll have to find an intermediary switch in between to plug it in so you can do the conversion to get the compatibility But hopefully this clears that up for people and for a little bit more in depth knowledge and all these different connectors I will leave the individual videos. I've done down below But like I said, hopefully this saves you a little bit of troubleshooting time and some head scratching Because you know ideally let's just get everything 10 gig, but hey the real world treats us a little bit differently So there's the compatibility layers in between that we have to deal with all right and thanks And thank you for making it to the end of this video. If you enjoyed this content Please give it a thumbs up if you like to see more content from this channel Hit the subscribe button and the bell icon to hire a sure project head over to laurance systems.com And click on the hires button right at the top to help this channel out in other ways There's a join button here for youtube and a patreon page where your support is greatly appreciated For deals discounts and offers check out our affiliate links in the descriptions of all of our videos Including a link to our shirt store where we have a wide variety of shirts and new designs come out well randomly So check back frequently And finally our forums forums.laurancesystems.com is where you can have a more in-depth discussion about this video And other tech topics covered on this channel Thank you again, and we look forward to hearing from you in the meantime check out some of our other videos


One of the biggest mistakes that fresh facilitators new facilitators make is they try to pack too much into a workshop. And it means there's not a lot of buffer time for mistakes or for overflow, or even if you just want to do something different and improvise. So what I try to do and really this is after 10 years of running workshops, I try to make the workshops as empty as possible. So if I only have three hours, maybe I'm only going to do two hours of exercises and one full hour of buffer, really watch out for that buffer. Don't try to pack the workshop too much. You're not doing yourself a favor by making the workshop so tightly planned. Rather have more time and less exercises so you can improvise, so you can change things, so you can make exercises longer. Honestly, the biggest mistake you can make is packing a workshop too tight and making it stressful for everyone, especially yourself.