You know, May 40 here at Watson's Bay. This is where all the best people commit suicide. Like the top people, right? The elite. This is the place to do it. I mean, it's illegal, but you don't find a lot of working-class people tuffing themselves. There's the ocean, and there's the bay, and Sydney Harbour Bridge and Opera Houses. There's a lovely walk here on Dider Manley. I think this is where the convicts were dropped off. Like all the right people landed here in like the 1780s, 1790s. Don't climb the fence.


Welcome to the non-profit show. We are so glad that you're here. It's another day, another episode. And today we have Jess Campbell with us. Jess is the CEO at Out in the Boone. She's been with us before, but we are so glad you're back. And today she's here to talk to us about summertime and the email is fine, which is really hard for me not to sing that, you know, back to the sing song. So really glad to have you Jess and looking forward to diving into this conversation with you. But before we do, we want to remind all of you, our viewers and listeners, who we are, if we have not met yet. So Julia Patrick is here, CEO of the American Nonprofit Academy. And I'm Jared Ransom, non-profit nerd CEO of the Raven Group and honored to serve alongside Julia, day in and day out for these episodes. Jess asked us earlier in the green room. She's like, I'm so amazed. You ladies do such a fantastic job, which thank you Jess, that means a lot. And I looked up and today is episode 829. So episode 829. And hey, if you missed any of those previous 828 episodes, I have good news for you because our sponsors allow us the opportunity to archive these and I'll tell you in just a bit where you can find them. But we do want to extend our deepest gratitude to our amazing besties with our presenting sponsors. So thank you so very much to Bloomerang American Nonprofit Academy, Fundraising Academy at National University, non-profit thought leader, your part-time controller, staffing boutique, non-profit nerd, as well as non-profit tech talk. I like to say that their mission is your mission because truly they really are here to serve you and your mission and your community. So do them a favor, do yourself a favor and us a favor, check them out because they are fantastic companies with fantastic people that really do want to help you elevate your mission. And hey, I promised I would tell you where to find these episodes. So the latest and greatest, go ahead and pull out your smartphone. I know you're probably on it or it's right next to you. You can scan that QR code and download the app just a couple of hours after our conversation that we're having now with just the episode will be loaded to the app and you'll get that notification. We're still on all the streaming broadcast platforms as well as the podcast. So wherever you choose to consume your entertainment, you're in tea, you can find the non-profit show. So thank you for that. And Jess, welcome back my friend. So again, those watching and listening, today we have Jess Campbell, CEO at Out in the Boons. How are you? I'm well, thanks for having me back. Yeah, we are thrilled to have you back and right before maybe you leave for vacation. We also kind of got that negative information but would you please tell us a little bit about yourself, Jess and a little bit about Out in the Boons because what I love this tagline here for your not so average fundraiser. Yes, so hi everyone. I'm Jess Campbell, the CEO of Out in the Boons. I'm a former nonprofit fundraiser, current nonprofit consultant. And today I say that I help nonprofits discover donors in their email list. So I am a super fan of email marketing. Wonderful, I love that. And I think that that's just magical because so often we think we've got to go out and find somebody new. And yet we're not taking care of the people who at some point in time had an alignment to us or with us, I should say. And so this is going to be a great conversation. And I want to start off by asking you why summer is this key period to year-end giving? Like why should we look at it this way or is that even right?  If you are feeling that the donations in 2023 are rolling in a little slow, you are not alone. In fact, the Giving Report just released new information that Giving is down across the United States, across all donors. And I have seen that with my clients as well. And I believe in my core that an engaged donor is an active donor and the nonprofits who take the time in summer to have multiple touchpoints with their donors and prospects are the ones that are going to fare well during end of year giving season. The ones who don't, the ones who just kind of skip over that part and go straight into asking are going to be sorely disappointed. And I just don't want anyone in that position, especially knowing that Giving is down. So I think that if you're an organization and you can do one, two, three meaningful touchpoints over the next eight to 10 weeks, you are setting yourself up with the foundation to be super successful during the last quarter of the year. And if you don't, you're just going to have a really steep hill to climb in Q4. Interesting. I love this, Jess, because I feel like in Julia, I think you said this in the green room chatter is we're all a little tired. We're all ready to take a vacation. We're all ready to put her out of office on. But what we do now is going to set the tone for the end of Q4. And as we're recording this, believe it or not, that's about six, you know, well, before it happens, you know, we're at the end of June, but also the fiscal year is starting for many of our friends across the sector, right? Ending this month, starting next month for a brand new fiscal. So I love that you said between eight and 10 weeks, right? Yeah, absolutely. I mean, engagement takes time. I also really want to emphasize that as a nonprofit, I want you to rest. I want you to take vacations, but there's a difference between taking in action and taking thoughtful rest. And so what is it that you and your team have the capacity to do over the next eight to 10 months? What reinforcements do you need to bring in to make those donor calls, write those notes, get those emails out? Is it involving your board of directors? Is it rallying a group of volunteers? Is it bringing in, you know, some interns for a couple of weeks to do some donor engagement? There's a lot of ways to do it, but I think you have to decide that this is a priority. We all have very long and very busy to do with, and there could never be enough time if you didn't make it. I just think that this is the key to success down the road.  Sure, but if your priority is meeting a certain financial goal by December 31st, my strong recommendation is to invest into some donor engagement this summer now. I love this. And I love that you use that critical word, invest. And as a touch point, I think that's just really brilliant. You know, you advise us, or remind us maybe is the better way to say of this old adage, you know, the early bird gets the worm. Don't wait. Talk to us about that because you're not saying necessarily hammering on asks, but this could be a period more of communication. Am I hearing you right on that? Yeah, my experience with nonprofits is that the timidness or the fear or the anxiety around the asking is really a result of a lack of donor engagement. It's a lack of a relationship. If the last time you reached out to someone was an ask and you haven't done the proper gratitude and stewardship in between, yeah, it's gonna feel kind of yucky and it's gonna feel kind of awkward.  And if you're also engaging them in the impact they've made, hey, I just wanted to let you know that that $500 gift you made back in December, that actually covered the cost of the entire bus ride for all 50 students to go to camp. Thank you so much. Here's a picture of them all hanging out the window. Then it feels good. Then you feel like you have legs to stand on. And if you don't, it's going to feel weird and awkward. So use the summer to do that work now. I also think that waiting to do specifically your major gift asks until October, November, you're too late. You are. You are so busy in the last quarter of the year and so are your donors. So why not start seeding those conversations now? Hey, so and so donor, can we meet for coffee in August? Can we talk about your gift that you made at the end of last year? Would you consider a new gift this year? Like start those conversations and what use you have for those donations now so that you're not competing with the holiday parties and the Christmas pageants and Hanukkah and just all the other things that happen towards the end of the season. You've already locked it in. I love your examples, Jess, because I also can't hammer that home enough.  They're not just a number, right? They're not just someone in your database, like these are people that also have a life going on. And just the fact that you mentioned, like ask how their kids are doing in camp or ask how that Ironman went that they might have just competed in. Like these are real tangible people with real tangible life events. And I do love like, and I think the sooner we connect to our donors at that human level, we will exponentially see that reciprocal investment. Absolutely. And it's the easiest thing to skip over as fundraisers because you've already received the donation, right? So one of the things that I'm doing for and advising all of my one-on-one clients is to simply pull a list of all of your 2022 end of your donors. Pull the list, whether they gave $5 or $50,000.  I want you to send this email through like Gmail or Outlook, not your email service provider. I want it to feel like it's coming from a real person, not an organization. And what I want you to say is a rough version of this, which is, thank you, Jared, for your X number of gift back in December 2022. Your generosity blew our minds and it's been able to achieve A, B, and C. We're so grateful for champions like you who are in our corner supporting kids in our program, families who want to get fed, rescue dogs, whatever it is that you do. And thank you so much, sending so much love and light your way, whatever that is, right? I want you to loop back to their gift and tell them what it did, whether it purchased copy paper, whether that hired a new team member, whether that means everyone now has health insurance, whether that means like you are now serving x% more dogs, kids, parents, whatever it is that you do, you need to loop back. That's actually a really large complaint from donors is that they don't know where it is that you're spending money and it creates this distrust and information gap. And if you can just fill that gap for people, it's like you're bringing them along for the ride and then they're like, yeah, let's do it again, versus like, wait, I don't even know what it did. Was it even helpful? I'm not doing that again. Right, right. And I think it's really important to bridge that gap with the donor that a lot of times donors will feel like, yeah, I just sent in $250, what can that do? Homelessness is such a huge problem. My money's not gonna make a difference. Well, $250 can buy a pallet of water. Yeah, I mean, it's just really an interesting thing that we can be looking at that we need to reconnect and if we don't help illuminate what occurred and use that word impact all the time. But I think it's really an important thing to kind of marshal donors that might feel like they're embarrassing themselves or they're not even helping. Totally. Or what do we do if it's like a $5 donation?  Everyone deserves the same sort of attention and you're right. How do you recognize someone who's giving $5? I think you can use language around like thank you for being a part of the team that's working to end the world water crisis or thank you for being the kind of dog rescue advocate that achieves A, B, and C. I think you can use language like that that says like as a community or you're a part of the 349 donors who did blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. I think there's lots of ways that you can still make it work. So there's no excuses. Yeah, there's no excuses. And I'm right there with you on that train, Jess, about like treat your $5 donors just as well as you would treat your $50,000 donors. I was actually doing a development assessment with one of my clients and there was a donor that had given under $100 but their influential giving like their peer to peer campaign was multi figures. And so this one person, right? Like might not have had the capacity to give at their own high level but they were so influential into bringing other people into the organization. And that was a huge like light bulb that went off for this organization. Absolutely. Yeah, there's so many ways to make impact. And if you do any of these things that I've just mentioned you will be setting yourself apart from like 95% of organizations. You will really, really, really stand out. So I just really implore everyone to try one, try two of these things because most organizations are not going to do it. Yeah. Jess, you talk about the email aspect of this and you started off by saying, look for who's in your email. I wanna say treasure chest and how do we navigate that? Especially now in the context of summer talk to us about why email is our new best friend. So people and nonprofits are really uninformed when it comes to email marketing. Email marketing has a 38 to one ROI compared to social media. It's also something you own. It's also something you have control over. I've been on LinkedIn recently and my reach is just at an all time low and I'm not doing anything different. I'm posting the same quality valuable content. It's just the algorithm is not my friend right now where my email marketing, I have control. I own that. I also have basically received an invitation to be in someone's inbox. I always think of social media as like a drive-by situation. You catch what you catch, but it's nothing intentional compared to email where it's like they have opted into your email. They want to be there. And so people take a different kind of action on email than they do on social. People also, I think it's 48%. I'm sure you all have had neon one on your show at some point or another, but they released this amazing email report. And I think 48% of donors, it's the largest category per receiving information and taking action in email, not social. So again, with all this information, I'm like, nonprofits, let's be emailing more and hands down 100% of the time when clients come to me, they are not sending enough email. And I'm a real advocate for storytelling and providing value in the emails.  That doesn't actually convert. It's a little too much decision-making for a donor. So again, email is a great place to nurture, to have touch points with your donors. And it's a little sneaky because people, you can see on the back end of your email who's opening and clicking. So you can basically see who is proverbially raising their hand and saying, I'm interested, I'm curious. And then that can essentially become your list of people to go deeper with. So if you open an email analytics and you're like, okay, there's these 53 people who clicked on this article, why don't you then take it a step further and then reach out to them personally? I saw you clicked on this link. I wanna tell you about a story about so-and-so. It's just like smart marketing that you cannot know via social media for sure. Or even I love direct mail as well, but again, that's a little bit of a one-way street. An email, you have just this kind of ability to do a two-way conversation in a way that you can't on these other channels. Okay, I have two questions. One, and I hope I don't forget them, but one, what do you coach by way of segmentation? And let me say the other one next so I don't forget it. And the two of you can help me remember it, right? Often I sit at a board table and the board members will say to the organization, we send too much information. We're sending way too much emails. We're sending way too many communications. So those are my two questions. One, how do you talk about segmentation? And two, how do you also talk about too much when really we know we're not even touching it? Yeah, so I'll address the first question, which is segmentation. And I love segmentation. I think that you want your comms to speak to the right person about the right thing at the right time. I'm a huge advocate from having a weekly kind of broadcast email. So this is like maybe a newsletter or like a story or something that has very text-based, maybe one call to action that really does go to everyone. It's keeping them informed, entertained, educated, all of that. But then I think the loopback email example I gave a few minutes back, that's a great email to send folks who specifically gave to end of year in 2022. You're not gonna send that to someone who hasn't given yet.  And so I think you need to get a little thoughtful about who it is you're trying to talk to about what. I think doing a maybe series of emails to folks who lapped over the summer is a great, great segment to focus on. I think people who have given in the past is a great segment to focus on. I think your monthly donor segment is a great segment to focus on. I know a lot of folks listening are small and mighty nonprofits with not a ton of resources. So what I do with a lot of my clients is I basically use the same copy, but I just tweak it a little bit. These do not have to be four totally separate, totally different messages. It's just probably switching the call to action.  Do you know what I mean? And so use the tools you have and work smarter, not harder. Your second question about frequency and volume. I see so many organizations sending, for I'm all please, one email a month. And it is just not enough. I mean, think about it. You were just competing in an inbox with the targets, with the anthropologies, with the bed, bath and beyonds, rest in peace every single day.  And I try and think of email like a, the fire on a stove. You always want to keep it simmering, right? So my recommendation is one email a week. If you can't do that two emails a month, one email a month is frankly not enough. But if that's where you are, I would rather you be consistent than just like all over the place. But that gives you the flexibility so that when end of your giving season comes and now suddenly you're sending like four emails a month asking people for money. It doesn't feel like such a shock to the system. You know, if you like only send an email once in a while and then suddenly you're buzzing in people's inboxes with ask, ask, ask. People are gonna be like, who is this? Like why haven't I heard from them? Like this feels yucky unsubscribed versus you're in their email regularly. So when they turn up the dial a little it doesn't feel as strong as it would if it's such a sharp difference, if that makes sense. I love that you say weekly, Jess because I cannot tell you how many times I've even heard people say monthly is too much. And I'm like, are we on the same team here? Yeah. And maybe the problem is, is the emails that they're sending once a month, if the complaint is like we send too much information and they're only sending one a month maybe they're trying to put every single thing into one email. And actually it's better to just spread that out across four emails once a week with a little bit less information because people are not going to read like a 5,000 word email. I agree, and I think that's the problem is that the email it's just too cumbersome. It's too cumbersome to produce. It's too cumbersome to send and then to engage with. And so pulling it out to a one point piece I think is a lot healthier for everyone. It's easier to achieve. It's easier to measure too, you send something out and it'll be like, yeah, our open rate for this specific email was really strong because it talked about X, Y and Z not all these other things that you can't really determine why people engaged with it. So I think it's a kind of a concept of less is more what's easy to digest. And I think the other piece of it is it has to be digestible on your phone. And when we create these things, we're on a desktop looking at big monitors and it just seems like why wouldn't somebody engage with it, but we've got to be thinking about that other side of the desk and how it looks to somebody. Well, also, can I just say something about the open and click rates real quick? So with the changes that Apple made to iOS last year, it really inflated open rates. Basically, if someone has an iPhone and they use that email open app, it counts as an open in your email whether they opened it or not. So open rates are not accurate. So what I'm trying to teach my nonprofits is to focus on the click-through rate. We want people to be opening and clicking our emails so that when we do have an ask, it's not the first time they've ever opened and clicked our email. And so where nonprofits average click-through rate, I think is around 2.3. I'm trying to get my clients 7, 8, 9% click rates, which means you have to have a really juicy curiosity-spiking subject line, like no boring subject lines, no July newsletter subject lines. No one's opening that. And then you need to have something that tells maybe a third of the piece and then you point them away to a blog post, to an article, to something on your website. You don't give it all away in your email. And by doing this, by training everyone over the summer, come fall, they will be conditioned to open and click, open and click. That is the name of the game. Love it. I love that. I love over conditioning because I think you probably subscribed to this too, Jess, is that we fundraisers in general have trained our society that Q4 is the season of giving, right? And so we can also have the ability to condition and train in other ways. Absolutely. Yeah, Jared, I think you're absolutely right. Well, Jess, this has been, right? I mean, that's, we always say like Q4, that's when all the money starts rolling in, but we know we need it the other months of the year. Absolutely. Jess, this is fantastic. It's really refreshing to have you back on, to have you talk about summertime emails. So thank you so very much for sharing so openly and just transparently what you're coaching because you work with some amazing leaders in our sector and offer some phenomenal services. So again, those of you watching and listening, let's say thanks to Jess, CEO at Boone's.  So thank you for being here. Thank you for having me. Great to see you both. Oh my gosh, it's been great. I'm really, I love your thoughtful approach and it's very manageable. And I think that's the thing. So often we hear about things and it's like, yeah, well, if I had a team of 15, we could get that done, but I don't. And so thank you, thank you for bringing it back and helping us to understand why we need to be doing it. Again, I'm Julia Patrick, CEO of the American Nonprofit Academy and been joined today by the nonprofit nerd herself. I'd like to call her my nonprofit nerd, but she could be yours as well. Jared Ransom, CEO of the Raven Group. Again, we are here because we have amazing sponsors and they include Blumerang, American Nonprofit Academy, your part-time controller, nonprofit thought leader, fundraising academy at National University, staffing boutique, nonprofit nerd and nonprofit tech talk. Check these folks out because as Jared always reminds us, their mission is your mission. And so it's a really exciting way for us to build our sector. Jess, you really have done some great things for me today. I love your approach. And thank you so much, as Jared said, for sharing your wisdom and your actionable items with us today. My pleasure, have a great one. Hey, thank you everyone. As we end every episode of the nonprofit show, we want to remind everyone to stay well, so you can do well. We'll see you back here tomorrow everyone. Thank you.


Lesson number one. Let's see what a coup, 21st style, looks like. It doesn't matter if there's an interruption of the current presidential mandate because the armed forces suggest that the presidential were signed. Or if the interruption of the constitutional rule is not accepted by the parliament. Or if violent groups opposed to the government burn the homes of the president's sister and even break into the president's house. It's simple. If there are elections helping your country and you decide to participate, be sure you make clear in advance that you don't trust the electoral tribunal and you won't accept the announced results. Of course, that's only if you lose. And finally, if your opponent wins with 47% of the votes, make sure you call your good friend in the OAS. Ask them to publish a preliminary report that throughout was committed. No proof is needed. It's a holiday. Don't worry. You'll rush as fast as they can so you don't lose momentum. And then demand the new elections be held but only under the condition that you rival the current president not be allowed to participate. Meanwhile, have your fascist friends burn the houses of members of the governing party and kidnap their families. Forcing the president to resign and presto! See, please hear them expected. They didn't even have to wait until the president's turn was over. Oh, and of course, have the president of the USA say that what happened in Bolivia is a significant moment for democracy. Don't worry, mainstream media will help and sell some ultra-leftist hardliners. Lesson number two, you don't have to actually win an election to be the president of a country. Just write to selfproclaimme.oas.org and you can self-proclaim president of your country. Okay, I'm kind of kidding. But, first Venezuela, remember Guaidó and now this. Okay, so up until now, we've talked about how the legitimate president of Bolivia, Evo Morales, was forced to resign. But the Congress is supposed to approve the resignation. Legislators from Morales's mass party, who are the majority, have been harassed, assaulted, threatened and injured. Thus, there was no quantum to accept Morales' resignation letter, but Janín Áñez, vice president of the Senate, self-proclaimed herself president of Bolivia anyways. At least Guaidó had a better crowd. Áñez conveniently invoked article 170 of the Constitution, which states that the presidency seizes when the president is definitely absent. But this reasoning doesn't take into account that Morales didn't leave of his own accord. He asked asylum in Mexico because his life was in danger and he wanted to avoid a bloodbath. Consider that Áñez was elected a senator in 2014 with 91,895 votes. That is to say she only counts with 1.7% of the votes in the nation. Compare that to Evo Morales' 47% of the votes in this year's presidential election. But that doesn't matter. She declared herself president of Bolivia with, of course, the blessing of the U.S. Blessing number three. Can't trust your enemy. The anti-Morales argument centers on the referendum of February 2016, when Bolivians voted on whether Morales could run for another consecutive term. He lost by 51.3% of the votes. Using article 23 of the American Convention of Human Rights, he submitted the issue to the constitutional tribunal, which ruled in favor of Morales. Guess who declared has running for reelection legitimate? Secretary-General Luis Almagro himself. Morales invited the electoral mission of the OAS and even accepted a binding audit. The OAS is not a neutral actor. Historically proven. Morales should have known better. And sure, what Morales did was controversial. But do you think that even if he had won the 2016 referendum, people behind today's coup would have just calmly accepted his reelection? In the wake of the bright wind violence in eastern Bolivia in 2008, which included the occupation of airports clashes with pro-government demonstrators and security forces, the bombing of the state companies and the massacre of political activists, Evo caught a deal with businessmen of Santa Cruz, Bolivia's economic powerhouse. In doing so, Evo sought to buy peace. But that peace came with concessions, including putting land distribution on hold. Furthermore, the peace was deceptive. Many of those same business people were just waiting for the right moment to stab Evo in the back. And that's exactly what happened this month. Lesson number four. Is the economy stupid? Is it? Definitely not. Morales can boast about outstanding achievements in education, health and economic growth. Bolivia was the economy with the highest economic growth by the end of this year, with a projection of 3.9%. Extreme poverty has been reduced by more than half in the last decade. Unemployment fell from 8.1 to 4.8% during Morales term. But if it's not the economy, what is it? Bolivia is a deeply divided country. That was shown when many people took to the streets to celebrate Morales' resignation, kicking and burning the multicolored flag, symbol of indigenous communities, known as the Wipala. In response, large groups of indigenous and peasants community throughout the country took to the streets demanding respect for the Wipala. While almost 70% of Bolivians are indigenous or mestizo, the epicenter of the coup was in Santa Cruz and other regions where the wealth is concentrated and where anti-indigenous, light-colored people live. So no, in this case, it's not about the economy. It's about power. It's about an elite used to control the country. I mean, the last elected president of Bolivia's nickname was El Gringo because he spoke better English than Spanish. That elite is now using religion for political purposes showing with extreme fanatism and intolerance that they want to regain their power at all costs. We don't want to be the Coliazullo. We don't want a flag. Like the Wipala, we want to be always Bolivia. We want the red flag, yellow and green flag, with which we were born as a country. And that's how we want to die. It's not either about Evo Morales being a caudillo who wants to perpetrate himself in power. Remember Angela Merkel? Lesson number five. It's not enough to have the people on your side. The U.S. security forces in Bolivia are colonized by U.S. imperialism. The U.S. trains them, arms them to join exercises with them and doctorinates them. The transformation of the armed forces should have been a priority. In Venezuela, it was the armed forces and the masses of people who defeated the coup against Chávez in 2002. That's obviously not happening in Bolivia. Lesson number six. Follow the money. Once Morales emerged as a threat to the established system in Bolivia, the United States began to invest in democracy-building programs. Funding political parties and movements, especially in Santa Cruz, through the USAID and the NET. Parties like Podemos, the Comité Cívico Santa Cruz, and the Unión Juvenil Cruceñista, all implicated in the coup. After all these years, Morales seemed to be in total control of the country. The U.S. worked patiently to undermine that control. Now Washington is creeping the harvest of its investment. I'm Michelle Maria Elner. For more information about Latin America, go to CodePink.org.


Actors Samuel L. Jackson and Danny Glover are among four people who will receive honorary Oscars next year for their contribution to film making and the world. The Academy of Motions, Pictures, Arts and Science announced on Thursday. The pair are among the next recipients of the Academy's Governors Award, which will be handed out in a ceremony in January. Other honorees are writer-director Elena May and Norwegian actress Liv Ollman. The recipients have made a profound impact on both film and the society. Academic President David Rubin said in a statement that Jackson, who portrayed McFurry in the Avengers and other Marvel movies, has appeared in more than a hundred films. He was nominated for an Oscar for his role as a hitman in director Quentin Tarantino in 1994's drama Pulp Fiction.


In this video, we'll investigate curves that are defined parametrically. First, consider the path of an airplane used to write in the sky. Suppose the path of the airplane can be described by the set of parametric equations 2 plus t minus 3 sine of t for x of t and y of t as 4 minus 3 cosine t, where t represents the number of minutes since the pilot began writing. x and y are in units on the coordinate plane, describing the horizontal and vertical location of the airplane in that plane. Using our calculator, we enter our equations into y equals while in parametric mode. We'll set up a table and view the approximate values for x and y. So looking here in our function area, once we're in parametric mode, we see that the display allows us to enter parametric equations. I entered into x1 of t, 2 plus t minus 3 sine of t. Let's remember to be in radian mode. And for y1 of t, I've got 4 minus 3 cosine t. I chose a window that would allow me to see a little bit of the behavior of this curve. So let's go ahead and graph. Okay. I also have an interest in taking a look at the values for each t, what the x and y will be. Now we saw in the calculator that there's a direction associated with the path as t increases. We can depict this on our graph by labeling the path with arrows. What we noticed was that as t increased, the path was moving in this direction and so on. We also noticed that there are a number of interesting characteristics of the graph that we can identify and describe using calculus. We'll be doing a lot of this in the lessons to follow. And this would be things like the slope of the curve at a certain point. The point at which the location of the object moving is the same, but for different t values and so on. So let's take a look at a couple of the values that we see here in the table and identify where they are in our graph. So when t equals 0, we see the x value is 2, the y value is 1. So that's where t equals 0. Let's skip down to, let's say when t is 4, x is 8.27-ish and y is 5.96 or so. So let's see where that is. Each tick mark is one unit, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and a little bit and 5 and a bit. So that's where t equals 4. Let's look at t equals 6, 8.8 or so, comma 1.1 or so. So we had 8.8 and 1.1 or so. So here we see that would be t equals 6. So that was just to give a picture of both the direction of the path and some particular values for x and y given a specific t value. Parametric equations also provide us with another way of expressing functions that can be modeled in rectangular form. Consider this set of parametric equations seen here, x of t being t plus 4 and y of t being t squared minus 5. What do we expect the path to look like? Well, the horizontal position, x of t, is described by a linear function of t and the vertical position is described by a quadratic function of the same parameter t. Let's take a look at the graph using our calculator. So here we see our equations, x of t being t plus 4 and y of t being t squared minus 5. We notice here that the path looks parabolic and has a vertex around 4, negative 5 or so. The tick marks are each in increments of 5. So this is vertex of 4, negative 5. We can actually show this algebraically as well by doing something called eliminating the parameter. Eliminating the parameter is a process by which we solve one of the parametric equations for the parameter and then substitute that into the other parametric equation to ultimately obtain a relation involving just x and y. So taking our equation x of t and solving that for t, we get t equals x minus 4. I'm going to then take that and substitute x minus 4 in for t in the equation for y. What we notice is this is actually a quadratic function in vertex form with vertex 4, negative 5, which we see here, 4, negative 5. If I expand this, I get x squared minus 8x plus 16 minus 5, which gives me x squared minus 8x plus 11. So this is a parabola with vertex 4, negative 5 and y intercept at 0, 11, which matches our graph.


Yo, what's going on Leafernation, it's Leafer back again and today we're doing a different type of video. We're doing a franchise mode video. So that is right, today we're doing a franchise mode GM mode, whatever you want to call it. Today we are testing out if a team of all London Knights alumni can win a Stanley Cup. So hop in into franchise mode, we're going to build a new one, we're going to substitute the team I created, the London Knights alumni into the NHL. So GM name that will be running them is none other than myself, Leafer, bang continue. And right now we're going to keep them in the Eastern Conference, so what I want to go do is check the NHL standings to see who the worst team in the Eastern Conference is and we will substitute that team for the London Knights alumni. So I will pop it up on the screen here, but it looks like the last place team in the East, Detroit has eight, Ottawa has five, so I guess we're substituting the Senators out of the Eastern Conference and the Atlantic Division. So here we go, we're going to substitute the team for my created team, the London Knights alumni. So we have a total team budget of 86.160 million dollars. Our arena is the year arena, we'd love that. And our top players are John Carlson, Patrick Kane and Mitchell Marner. Division realignment, we are in the Atlantic here, we are the lowest overall, oh no we are not. We are the second lowest overall team. No one could beat the Detroit Red Wings apparently, but I feel like we're going to have a tough time in this division, a lot of good teams and all the settings are set up. It doesn't really matter, we're not going to be making any trades or anything like that. We're just going to be simulating through a year to see if this team can win a Stanley Cup. So looking at the lines of this alumni team forward lines, our first line is looking good. Mitch Marner, John Tavares and Bobby Thomas, a plus one overall for the line, so it's not bad. All the lines have a plus one overall, which isn't bad, but our first line is pretty good, 91, 89 and an 82. Second line, we got Matthew Kutchuk, Beau Horvath and Patrick Kane, again all London alumnities. These are London Knight greats, you know, great second line. Our third line, Josh Anderson, Nasim Kadri and Domi. Pretty funny that Domi and Anderson are on the same line after that Columbus Montreal trade earlier this year. And then our fourth line is Corey Perry, Anthony Ceu and Patrick Maroun. So I want to say our forwards are pretty good. We have a solid two lines. We have some very good depth on our third and fourth. I'm not too worried about our forwards. Looking at our defense though, it's looking a little rough. You know, John Carlson obviously going to be carrying the Lodis playing when Nikita Zadorov. Decent first pairing or second pairing, Olimata and Adam Boquist. And then our third pairing being Evan Bouchard and Victor Mette, not the greatest on defense and I'm a little worried about that. And man, if you think I'm worried about defense, look at our goal-tenning. Michael Hutchinson has been the best thing to come out of London so far.  Steve Mason was another London Knight alumni. Don't think he's an NHL 21. So our goal-tenning is a big issue. I don't think defensively we will do well. And I'm hoping our offense can really lead us to just scoring more goals than the other teams. And looking at who's scratched, we have Vlad Namestakov and Mark Mathoda. I'm sure I could have put more people in, but for now, we only have two. But let's get straight to the simulation, I guess. So in the preseason, we did pretty good. I mean, it's not hard to do bad in the. It's not hard to do good in the preseason, but let's go. We're going to simulate a month. Let's see how this London Knight team does. We win our first game. We lose in overtime back to back. We're in a three game losing skid. Make that four. No trades, please. We're two, one and three, not the greatest start to the month. Let's see what else we can do here. We have three more games left. And at the end of one month, we're seven, one and three, which is actually pretty good. Looking at the standings, we are at the top of the Atlantic Division with 17 points tied with the Toronto Maple Leafs. Are we at the top of the NHL? No, so the Blackhawks are one point above us in the NHL, which very interesting that the Blackhawks are doing well. Going to be simulating another month. Hopefully we can keep up the good work. These trades are getting super annoying. We're just going to keep declining them as they pop up. But yeah, I'm pretty surprised that the team is doing good, given the defense we have and the goal tending we have. It is super crazy. All right, Bo Horvat. I'm sorry for how I'm playing out there, Bo. Not a big deal, man. We're doing great. Bo Horvat, morale gain plus one. We like to see that and hopefully that'll help us in the long run here. Not that great of a month. Let me decline and edit this block because geez us with the trades. And at the end of two, we're 12, nine and five. We definitely dropped off that month. We started off the month with a two game winning streak against the Sabres. Lost a big one to the Lightning. Yeah, not a great month. Let's go look at the standings and where we're playing at right now. We are now in six. That is not good. We fell off that month. Not good at all. Mitch Marner leading the team with 36 points. Not surprised at all. We definitely have to have a better month here. Last month was absolutely horrible. We're having a conversational and awesome cadre now. Persuade him. You're fine, buddy. We're doing fine. We just got to continue here. And a plus five management morale. We love to see that. We're on the same page now. Seven to loss to the Sharks definitely does not help. We're on a little five game winning streak, it looks like there. Make that six. So pretty good start to the month here. We had a couple games left in the month of December. And we were 21, 14 to five. We definitely had a better month. We were on a one, two, three, four, four game win streak. Not too bad. Only four losses in that month, which is not too bad. Let's go look at the standings. We are now in fourth. So a big month. We are three points up on the Florida Panthers, but they have two games in hand. We're not too far off of the Sabres. John Carlson now leaving the team in points with 51. As a defenseman, that's actually insane. So looking at defense, John Carlson, 42 assists, nine goals, 51 points in 40 games. Marner is 50 points in 40 games. Tavars with 46 and 40. Kainer with 44 and 40. Bobby Thomas with 31 and 40. It's pretty good. I'm actually interested to see how our goalies are doing. Michael Hutchison, yeah, not great, man. An eight, seven, five, say percentage, three, seven, six. Goals against a 76 overall. 73 overall has a better say percentage than 80 overall. Michael Hutchison, that really says something about you, Hutch. So Simon threw another month. Hopefully we have another great month. We start off with a win. We love to see that.  If I'm not mistaken, make that four, make that five. And we take an L. Kadri again wants to speak about ice time concerns. So that L, back to back L's there, not the greatest. We need to get a win. We're on a three, four game losing streak, five game losing streak.  Looking at these standings, we are on fourth with 57 points, three behind the Sabres, which isn't too bad. We are tied with the Canadians, but we have a game in hand. John Carlson still leading the team with 67 points. Have there been any overall changes? It doesn't look like there has been. Kadri said he wants more ice time. We'll give him some more ice time here. He'll be playing Wilka Chuck and Patrick Cain for the time being. Defensively, Adam Bocas went up to an 81. That's nice to see. And Hotch is still an 80, not a shocker. So up to four months, we're 26, 19 and five. I honestly, I thought we would do a little bit better, but it is what it is. We need to have a good month here. Trade deadline, we're just going to skip over because we're not trading anyone. So there's no point. Anyways, let's have a good month here. We run back to back Ls. We broke it up with a win. We're getting points in most of these Ls. Kadri wants to talk again. Yeah, I'm happy that it could help you out, buddy. 6-3 out of the wings. We can't be losing 6-3 to the wings. No offense to the wings or anything, but not good. 3-0 to the flames, which isn't great. We're in a three game losing streak. Toronto trades away Timothy Lillagran of Florida. Okay, interesting stuff. And we're ending off with a 8-5 win against Oilers, which is nice. With 3-1, 26-7 after, I think, five months, looking at the standings. We're now in fifth. We're one point behind the Panthers, but they have a game in hand. John Carlson having himself one hell of a season. 75 points in 64 games is actually insane from our number one defense. Ben Marner has 71 in 64. Kana, 67 in 64.  That's an issue. And looking at our goalies, man. Hutch, I can't remember. I think his save percentage went up a little bit, but man, like I said, goaltending was going to be an issue. He's 24-22. That is absolutely horrible. But hey, we're fighting for a playoff spot. What more can I ask for? We just need to have another great month. I've been saying that throughout the video, but this month is one of the most important months here. And we need to do good. All right, continuing along here. We take a 3-0 to the Leafs, but we've gotten a couple of wins before. That 7-3-0 to Vancouver is definitely tough. We were on a skid. What is that losing streak? 4-game losing streak with a couple games left in the month. We are in eighth place. So doesn't look like we're making the playoffs here, boys. I guess Michael Hutchinson, when you have a goaltending that you have, it just does not bode well for you. 38, 35, and 9 is not good at all. So yeah, we did not make the playoffs. Kind of shocked because we had some great talent up front. But just recapping everything here. Victor Mete, or Victor Mete. John Carlson with 91 points in 82 games as a defenseman. Absolutely unreal. Patrick Kane with 90 points in 82 games. Marner with 87 points in 82 games. Torres with 78 in 82. Kachuk with 66 in 82. If you can see here, man, the plus-minus just says it all. Do we have Zdorov? We've only had a handful of players with a plus minus with a plus rating in. That is just absolutely horrible. And man, it came all down to our goaltending. Like, when you're starting goaltender, yeah, he won us the 31 games. He lost us 29 games. An 82 save percentage of 3.62 goals against average isn't going to get you done, isn't going to get it done, and isn't going to get you a playoff spot clearly. So not impressed with Michael Hutchinson at all. But we will sim to the draft. We will see who wins the cup and all the trophies. Maybe we had someone who won a trophy on our team. You never know. So the Edmonton Oilers have won the Stanley Cup. Oh my, Connor McDavid getting the trophy. So let's go look at the awards here. So obviously the Edmonton Oilers won the Stanley Cup this year. President's Trophy went to the Toronto Maple Leafs. They couldn't get it done in the playoffs though. Clarence S. Campbell Trophy, or Bowl, is going to the Edmonton Oilers. The Prince of Wales Trophy going to the Toronto Maple Leafs. Toronto coming home with two trophies. Edmonton coming home with two with what you would expect. Looking at the individual awards. Art Ross is going to Evgeny Melkin. Herb Memorial going to Evgeny Melkin. James Norris Memorial Trophy. So there it is. John Carlson wins the Norris Trophy this year. Again, 91 points out of a defenseman in 82 games. Absolutely insane. It was a no-brainer that he was going to win it. So hey, we won a trophy in a year's simulation. Didn't make the playoffs, but good for John Carlson. Connor McDavid wins the Lady Bing Memorial Trophy. Caller going to Kaepersov. No surprise there. He's probably going to win it in real life this year. Const Meith going to Conor McDavid. No shock there. Vesna going to Vasilevsky. Who else would you give it to? William N. Jennings going to Mackenzie Blackwood. Pretty cool to see, actually. Bill Masterson going to Derek Forbert. Okay. Jack Adams going to Goudreau. Good for the Devils. The Selkie going to Anze Copetar. All right. He's won it in 2017. No-brainer that he wins it in 2020, I guess. Ten Lidsy going to Evgeny Melkin. He's cleaning up with trophies this year. And then Marius Rashard goes to Austin Matthews. You absolutely love to see that. Matthews finishing with 100 points, 55 goals. Yeah. Makes sense. So that is a year simulation with the London Knights alumni team. It sucks that we didn't make the playoffs. We couldn't try to win the Stanley Cup.  This game really proves that you need to have good defense, a good goal tending to do good in a simulation. So again, I think that's what we were lacking with this team. We did not have some great defensemen besides John Carlson and Adam Boakwitz and Zadorov. And our goal tending wasn't great. Michael Hutchison, 80 overall, was our starting netminder. Didn't even have a 908 percentage. So it really does explain why we didn't do as well. But this was a fun video to make to see how the London Knights team would do against current NHL teams. Let me know what other OHL team you want me to do for next video to see who we can win a cup with in a year. But guys, that's it for this video. If you guys did enjoy it, be sure to drop a like on it. If you guys are new around here, make sure to hit the subscribe button. We are close to 4,000 subscribers. And guys, a new GM mode will be starting up soon. I think we will be taking over none other than the Pittsburgh Penguins. But again, that's it for today's video. Thank you guys very much for watching. And I'll talk to you guys later. Peace!


And now, tonight's presentation of Radio's Outstanding Theatre of Thrills. Suspense. Tonight, we bring you transcribe the story of what might have happened in the famous Lizzie Borden case. We call it Goodbye, Miss Lizzie Borden. So now, starring Paula Winslow, Virginia Gregg and Irene Tedrow, here is tonight's suspense play. Goodbye, Miss Lizzie Borden. Oh, I've forgotten something. Something. Oh, yes. Just the two suitcases. What are you doing with the trunk, Expressman? There isn't any trunk. Only the two bags. I'm only going for a short visit. It's my trunk, Miss Emma. I'm leaving. Oh, Maggie. It's all right, Expressman. You can take the trunk out. Yes, ma'am. Maggie, you can't... I can't help it. I'm sorry, I really am, but I can't stand it another minute. Oh, dear. They all leave. They always do. What are we going... I'm sorry, Miss Emma. I've only stayed this long for your sake. I couldn't bear to leave you alone with... with her. Thank you, Maggie.  Oh, dear, Maggie. What shall we do? What are we going to do? I can't stand it, Miss Emma. I never feel alone in this house. I'm cleaning about, thinking no evil, and then I get a shiver between my shoulder blades and I turn around and there she is, perfectly still just looking at me. With that look she's had since the trial. More than a body can stand and I'm leaving. I know, Maggie. She's always spying. She knows every move I make. I know. Never a party, no callers, not a friend to drop in of an evening? It's like a house of death. It is a house of death. I can't stand it any more than you can. That's why I'm going down to Fair Haven. I can't stand being cooped up with her any longer.  Have you told her? No. No. You won't know the truth. I was afraid to say anything. I thought I might get my trunk away with your things before she knew. Where is she? Upstairs. Well, you'd better hurry then. Goodbye, Maggie. Goodbye, Miss. I'm sorry. And don't miss your train. Oh, I won't. I have a half hour yet. And it isn't as if there wasn't another one soon after, you know. Well, I know you, Miss Emma. Don't miss them both. Goodbye. Goodbye, Maggie. Oh, what am I going to do? Miss Lizzie, Miss Gordon is out. Oh, dear. Why can't they leave us in peace? Oh, now, what did I do with my gloves? Oh, I wonder what time it is.  Oh, dear. Lizzie will be furious. Who is it? Who is it? Miss Gordon. Oh, no. No. No, you can't come in. My sister won't see you. Please take your shoe out of the door. This is the scene of the crime. Oh, please, please, my sister. The blood scattered all over the walls had them repapered, haven't you? Oh. Nice happy pattern, too. Oh, this is the picture, isn't it? The one that had 46 blood spots on it. You're Miss Lizzie, Gordon, I presume. Oh, no, no, I'm not. I must say you're not what I expected. Out west, where I come from, when a woman's tough, she's tough. Now, Miss Lizzie, I'm... I am not Miss Lizzie. I am Miss Emma. Oh. Oh, the sister. That accounts for it. Well, Miss Emma, this is the anniversary of the Second Street murders, isn't it? It's just a year since Mr. and Mrs. Borden were murdered. Since my father and stepmother died, we don't talk about it. I missed your sister's trial. Some old girl I heard. She was acquitted. We don't talk about it. No, of course not. But the public is interested, you know. Now, I'm from Cripple Creek, Colorado, Miss Emma. Greatest town on earth. Pick up gold right on the street. I represent the Cripple Creek record, and I'm here to get some impressions from my paper. Second Street revisited and all that. Oh, you're one of those nasty female reporters. Oh, Lizzie hates reporters. I know she won't listen to you for a minute. Oh, well. Hey, isn't that a picture of Pike's Peak on the wall? It's quite artistic, isn't it? Uncle Morse brought it back to me from the Goldfields. It's all he brought back. He painted it himself. Now, isn't that a coincidence? I'm from the Pike's Peak Goldfields myself. Oh. Morse, Morse. Is your Uncle Morse an old car just 60-ish maybe with... A droopy mustache? That's it. A droopy mustache and a sort of... Tall and thin. Oh, my goodness. Do you know Uncle Morse? I should say I knew him well in Cripple Creek. Lizzie, old coyote. Put her there, Miss Emma. Any niece of old man Morse is a friend of mine. Oh, how do you do?  Nelly, cut. You just call me Nelly. Now, as I was saying, I represent the Cripple Creek record, and I'm on kind of a roving commission to report how things are on this side of the range. And listen, this board and story's got everything. New England Old Maid, Sunday School Teacher and all that, just as a story, you know. Collar? She ups and kills half the family with an ax. Interview with Miss Lizzie Borden a year after. Great stuff. They eat it up in Cripple Creek. She won't see you. Lizzie won't see you. I know that. Well, how about a word from you, the sister? How does it feel, Miss Emma, to live day in and day out with insight of the very blood stains, as you might say? How does it feel to take meals with a woman who was tried for the crime? Oh, I've stood it as long as I can. That's why I'm going to Fairhaven. I can be alone in Fairhaven. You must have been pretty tough on the nerves this last year. I guess Miss Lizzie'd be difficult to live with, huh? Shh. She hears. She's always listening and spying. She never leaves me alone. Oh, dear, I must miss the 3.37. What time is it? You won't miss it. It's only quarter of. Oh, my watch says ten. You know, I set mine at the station. What was that? She gave her father 41. How did it begin? This is a classic. Lizzie Borden took an ax and gave her... Oh, please, please don't. She hears every word you say down here. Her room is right up there. Right up there. But she wasn't up there when her father was being murdered, was she? She was in the barn eating pears, she says. Now, Miss Emma, just sit down a minute, please. Is it true that on the morning of the murder, the breakfast consisted of bananas, cookies, and cold mutton soup? I don't know. I wasn't here. I was at Fairhaven. Cold mutton soup in August? No wonder somebody committed murder.  That's right. And your father's body was on the sofa here. Oh, don't. Miss Lizzie spread the alarm. The front door was triple-locked and Miss Lizzie was watching the side door, so she says. She was watching from the upper barn window, just standing there, eating a pear and looking out, she says. How could anyone outside have done it? How could they escape right under her eyes if Miss Lizzie wasn't lying? My sister was acquitted. It's me, how they acquitted her. Blood. Hmm? Blood. Whoever did it was covered with blood. Well, what about it? Everybody saw Lizzie within ten minutes of the crime, and she hadn't a spot of blood on her. The biggest professors at Harvard tried to find blood on her clothes. There wasn't any. That's why they had to acquit her. Tell me, Miss Emma, did you look carefully at Miss Lizzie to see if there was any blood on her hair, perhaps on her shoes? Certainly not my own sister. Besides, I didn't see Lizzie till I got back from Fairhaven that night. Maybe she used an apron, one of those big coveralls. They never found one. Easy enough to hide a thing like that in your own house. They never found the axe either, did they? No. They never found the axe. I often wondered where it got to. They searched the house? Yes. They searched. You took up the carpets, didn't you? Did they search the chimney? Of course they did. Did they open the flue? No. We wouldn't have them tearing up the house. I'd tear it up. Loose brick here. Wouldn't be hard. Oh, Lizzie wouldn't have it. Everything's Lizzie's now. Lizzie's and mine. Miss Emma, excuse me. But is there any insanity in your family? Certainly not. That's the first thing they started asking. Oh, they asked ever so many questions about Uncle Morse. Good old Uncle Morse. He arrived for a visit, didn't he? Just the day before the murders. Yes, and they were awful about Uncle Morse. They kept asking people if he was quite right in the head. Just because he doesn't work steady any place, but sort of drifts around. Oh, it made me terribly angry. Uncle Morse is as sane as I am. Where was he the morning of the murders? Visiting around. He had a perfect alibi. It was just humiliating the way they snooped around about everybody. Where was Uncle Morse? Where was I? Miss Emma, tell me about the kitten. Oh. They say the kitten was found down in the cellar. Dead. It had been killed with an axe. Oh. The kitten. The kitten was the hardest. I cried for a week. It brought on my neuralgia. I like kittens. Lizzie never cried at all. It was Lizzie's kitten. She's a hard woman. Yes. Well, now, Miss Emma. Let's get back to the fatal day. Mrs. Borden is lying in her blood upstairs. The serpent is downstairs. She hears Mr. Borden at the front door trying to get in. She goes to let him in. She finds the door is triple locked. She lets him in and upstairs on the landing. She hears a horrible, gloating laugh. The murderer is standing up there, Miss Emma. And as she sees her second victim walk into her trap, it wasn't Lizzie. Lizzie was downstairs. She changed her story. First, she said she was downstairs, then upstairs. She was lying then. Well, in comes Mr. Borden and lies down for a nap, right here on the sofa. The murderer covers herself with something and creeps up on the old man with an axe from behind, like this, and brings down the axe again and again. No, no, no. What if it's Lizzie? No, it wasn't Lizzie. Emma.   Be sure all cigarettes are out before discarding them. Clear your house of old newspapers, damaged furniture, and inflammable debris. Repair electrical wiring as soon as it shows signs of wear. These simple rules will help keep your valuable safe. They could even save your life. Don't gamble with fire. The odds are against you. And now, we bring back to our Hollywood soundstage, Virginia Gregg, Irene Tedrow, and Paula Winslow, starring in tonight's production. Goodbye, Miss Lizzie Borden, a tale well calculated to keep you in suspense. This lady's an old friend of Uncle Moss.  Oh, yes, Lizzie. Oh, dear, perhaps I should have called a cab, but it's only a step from here. Goodbye, Lizzie. Goodbye. Emma? Yes? You forgot your gloves. Oh, so I did. Thank you, Lizzie. Goodbye. Goodbye, Miss. Um, I represent the Cripple Creek Records, Lizzie. A friend of Uncle Moss? What color hair has the old man got? Gray. Bald as an egg. Good day, Miss. But, Miss Borden, my paper wants an interview. I don't give interviews. Just one question, Miss Lizzie. The blood stained apron. Where did it get to? I have nothing to say.  Why wasn't the chimney back served? Good day, Miss. If you just say a word for my paper. You can catch the next one. Lizzie, your apron and the axe. That's where they wear all the time. I dropped the door, Emma. I hid them there after. Yes. I was afraid Maggie would come down any minute. I hid them in the flu. I always wondered where they got to. I wondered how they could search and search and never find them. Father kept money behind that brick. He never knew I knew. Once he was dead, nobody knew about it but me. Why did you do it? There's a way, isn't there, to tell who's been handling a weapon? I don't know. You've always been the clever one. I don't see any marks. I don't either, but they say the police can. A Frenchman wrote a book about it. Besides, you bought the axe in Fair Haven. It has the store mark etched on the head. Why, Lizzie, you knew all the time. I saw you. I saw you from the barn window. You came out the side door and stood looking around. And I saw your face. It was all I needed. You ran to the street and I came in and found Father. It was my apron. The blood. You needn't have used my apron, Emma. It was the handiest, Lizzie. And you brought the axe from Fair Haven. I only had a minute. I hid them in Father's hiding place. They were safe until that newspaper snooper began to get ideas. Why did you hide them, Lizzie? But what else could I do? I hated her too, Emma. Oh, you don't remember our mother as I do. You couldn't have hated Mrs. Borden as I did. But why, Father? After what he did to Mother? Marrying that woman so soon after? You were always soft over Father, Lizzie. It's a relief, I suppose. Oh, time after time, I wanted to ask you about things when they were asking me questions, cross-examining, keeping after me. Oh, I wanted so badly to know, so I would know what to say, but I never dared ask you. They had spies about me all the time. Oh, I made so many mistakes. When they asked if I'd seen anybody leave the house, I was on my guard not to mention you. I said no, nobody. So they decided it couldn't have been a stranger that did it. It must have been Lizzie.  But I wasn't used to lying. And when I went to understand and told the truth that I hated her worse than you did, they were sure I was lying to cover you. I had to lie about the laugh. I had to change my story and say I was up there laughing. Otherwise they would have started asking who was laughing. Whose laugh sounds like Lizzie's? Mine. I haven't laughed since. Neither have I. I haven't laughed since I found my kitten dead. Oh, Lizzie, having to kill the kitten was the hardest. It brought on my neuralgia. I cried for a week over the kitten. I know you did. I cried because I had to do it, Lizzie. I should have understood then. After the kitten I should have been on guard. You know, I was afraid at first they'd find out you'd been away from Fairhaven. Oh, I prayed for guidance, Lizzie. All the time I was at Fairhaven, I stayed in my room and prayed for guidance. What's that got to do with it? Why don't you see? When the answer came to me, I just got the axe and started for Fall River. They thought I was still in my room. What a risk that was. Oh, no. No risk, Lizzie. My prayers for guidance were answered. Don't you see? I was protected. I protected you. Why? I wonder why. I don't know. Because I've always protected you, I suppose. Because I enjoyed having the laugh on everybody, maybe. I never guessed.  Didn't you know I knew? No, of course you didn't. What would you have done if they'd found you guilty? Gone through with it, I suppose. I'd have gone through with it before I'd given in to them. I guess you would.  I used to get sick of it. I'd go to jail, reporters. Examining, cross-examining, I'd get sick of it and think I'd had enough. I'd tell them now the truth. And then that prosecutor would come along with his pious face like a public statue. And the very thought of giving in and admitting I'd lie would make me say, no, I'll face it. They won't break me. And they didn't. No, they didn't. Besides, I would have been giving in for nothing. They wouldn't have believed me. I suppose they wouldn't. I wonder if they found me guilty, what would you have done? I used to wonder, too. But I had my guidance. I didn't let it worry me. No, it didn't worry you. Me sitting there in court day after day, the crowd hating me. I know, Lizzie. Oh, how do you know? How do you know what I went through? The crowd's staring, thinking I did it.  What do you know about it? You had the easy part. You didn't have to do it. I thought it would be like chopping wood. It isn't. Wood splits. The other strikes back. It stops you. Wood doesn't bleed, Lizzie. It doesn't fly. Jump at you. The air filled with it. I saw the wall. You don't know. You don't know anything. You didn't have to do it. I didn't want to. Listen, there she is. Mrs. Borden, going up the stairs. I'll have to hurry. Mrs. Borden's gone, Emma. She's then gone for a year. No, no, she's upstairs. Don't stop me. Put down the axe, Emma, and come with me. Where? Just across the street to see Dr. Bowen. Oh, so you can put me away.  I'll not be shut up, Lizzie.  Just come and see Dr. Bowen. No, no, he'll put me away. I'll not have it, Lizzie.  But I don't have to die. Do I? Nobody knows but you. I'm not the one to die. Emma, what are you doing? I'm putting on my apron. I just explained to you, Lizzie. Blood spatters. You don't want me to spoil my best bangerine, do you? Emma, listen to me. You have to go to Fairhaven. You'll miss the train. Emma, Emma. It won't take long. It's over in a minute, Lizzie. Emma, think what you're doing. You can't escape twice. Yes, I can. I do what I have to do and the rest takes care of itself. I don't want to. You must understand that. Emma, you don't have to. Oh, yes. I knew as soon as I saw the axe. What else did you keep it for? I knew there was to be another. But I kept it to protect you. Oh, Lizzie, don't talk. It only makes it harder. No, Lizzie. Give it to me. That's better. Miss Lizzie, can't you change your mind? Give me a statement now, Miss Emma's gone. Oh, there you are, Miss Emma. You missed the train after all. You don't have to talk through the window, Miss. Take that thing off, Emma, and open the front door. Oh, good for you, Miss Lizzie. Give me the apron quick. I'll cover the axe with a newspaper. You'll be quiet. Open the door. Thank you, Miss Lizzie. Hot day. We have rain. What's the weather forecast? What's the paper, I'd say? Fair and warmer, fair and warmer. Oh, fair and warmer. Now then, young woman, what do you want to know? Quickly, please. Tell me, Miss Lizzie, the murder weapon. Has it ever found? What's your opinion? Where did it get to? I think the murderer carried it away with him. That's all you think? That's all, thank you very much. I wanted to say... Miss Emma's leaving now. You can walk with her to the station. Well, hey. Isn't this the Providence Journal? I hear they put out a scorching editorial wanting to know why these murders are still unsolved. Please don't... Emma, don't miss your train. Come along. I'll send for my things, Lizzie. Very well, Emma. Goodbye, Lizzie. Isn't she coming back? What did you say? Isn't she coming back? No. She isn't coming back. So that's the axe. The whole thing torn wide open now, hmm? Will you give me a statement? Certainly not. Miss Emma thinks now you killed them, doesn't she? Did you, Miss Lizzie? No, I didn't kill them.  You can't be tried again. I didn't do it. Then who did it? With somebody in the house? Miss Emma? Miss Emma, that's it. Miss Emma Borden. Why didn't I see it before? Stop talking rubbish, young woman. I'll make a statement for you. I did it. You killed them?  With the axe? Yes. Why? Why did you? I don't like cold mutton soup. It isn't a scoop. Why not? It isn't a scoop if you can't print it and I'll sue you if you print it. I've been acquitted and open court, my girl. I'm innocent. And don't you forget it. You print a word and I'll sue. I've spent about a quarter of a million dollars and I'll spend every cent of it depending on my good name. Good name, everybody in Four River knows you did it. You just admitted it yourself. Never mind what I admitted. Just you keep your tongue between your teeth. You're not going to print that story so you can tear up those notes of yours. I certainly will not tear it up. I have a duty to my paper. I said tear it up. You wouldn't. Tear it up. Of course. Glad to oblige you. You couldn't put down the axe. Thank you, Miss Lizzie, for your time. I'm just going. Go on. Open the door. Go on. Yes, of course. Thank you again. No wonder Miss Emma isn't coming back. Goodbye, Miss Lizzie. Suspense. In which Irene Tedrow, Paula Winslow and Virginia Gregg starred in tonight's presentation of Goodbye, Miss Lizzie Borden. Next week, be sure to listen to Radio's Outstanding Theatre of Thrills. Suspense. It's produced and transcribed by Anthony Ellis. Tonight's script is written by Lillian Dillatorre. The music was composed by Rene Garaghan and conducted by Wilbur Hatch. Featured in the cast were Helen Cleeb, Leonard Weinrib and Richard Beals. It's here every weekday evening. The news is coming up. It's here every weekday evening. The new Jack Carson show. Tony Romano sings, The King Sisters' foreign number are, as you might expect, a quartet of highly vocal, tuneful gals. Roy Chamberlain's orchestra provides a gay musical backdrop to the proceedings. So listen to CBS Radio's Jack Carson show Monday through Friday evenings. A new star attraction at the star's address on most of these same stations.