the United States, accompanied by Ed Donnelly, gentlemen, and extending a warm welcome to the President of the United States. Thank you very much. You've done that. Thank you. Thank you very much. And thank you, Ed Donnelly, and a special thank you to Vice Chairman and Chairman to be Bill Kanega and to President Dick Lesher and to Chairman Ali Delchamps. And I hope he's listening in. Let me say get well soon, Ali. We all want to see you back in the saddle and riding tall. And a thank you to my favorite rock group. You know, looking around at you who've been both generals and soldiers in the crusade we brought to Washington years ago, it reminds me of an old Hollywood story. I know you're shocked to hear that. Anyway, it was on the evening in 1939 when Gone with the Wind premiered, and that first showing was in Atlanta, and Margaret Mitchell, the author of the book, the author of the book sat next to Clark Gable, and it came with a famous scene in which Scarlett O'Hara is nursing what looks like a single wounded soldier, and the camera pulls back and reveals thousands of Confederate troops, many also injured. And as those thousands appeared on the screen, Gable heard a little gasp next to him, and Mitchell leaned over to him and whispered, my lord, Mr. Gable. If we'd had as many soldiers as that, we'd have won the war. Well, looking at all of you, I know why we've won so much of our war these last few years. When the history of our time is recorded, I believe that you, the members of the United States Chamber of Commerce, will occupy a place that few can match. I've heard talk over the years about a Reagan revolution, but in many ways I believe it would be better to call what we've done your revolution. You gave us your drive. You gave us your support. And let me say to two personal heroes of mine, Dick Lesher and Richard Ron, and I know everyone here will second this, for eight years here in Washington, you have given us energy, wisdom, intellect, and leadership, and that's why we've come so far. The victory ribbons on your regimental colors read like a list of the great legislative battles over economic policy in this decade. Graham Ladder, Kemp Roth, Graham Rudman Hollings, and let me interject my thanks to all of you for also standing with us in a battle we lost, the battle to sustain my veto of the Grove City legislation. But to return to economics, today perhaps we're a little blasé about our incredible accomplishments, but who in 1979 would have thought it possible that in less than a decade the top marginal tax rate on personal income would drop from 70 percent to less than half of that, that the era of high inflation be brought to an end, and that without reigniting the inflation, we could light the torch of economic growth and see its lustrous beacon shine for longer than has ever been recorded in peacetime. Eight years ago, in the now distant epoch of double-digit inflation, 20 percent interest rates and official hand wringing about the limits of growth and the fatigue of our national economic metal, we said, you and I, that the way to rebuild America was to restore faith in the greatest constructive force of all, the American spirit of enterprise. And to those who called for more government planning, more regulations, and even more taxes, we said that in a nation as in a man or woman, economic success is not a matter of bricks, mortar, balance sheets, or subsidies, no, if a national economy is to soar. First, the inventive, enterprising, pioneering, dreaming entrepreneurial spirit of the nation's people must soar, and that meant not more regulations, but fewer, not more government decoration, but less, and yes, not higher taxes, but lower taxes. You know, sometimes I think that government tries to be a little like a politician of the opposite party who was seeking the oratorical heights, and he said, if they don't stop shearing the sheep that lay the golden egg, they'll pump it dry. Well, I can't help remembering the fear and trembling and utter disbelief that greeted the arrival of our creed here in Washington. Sometimes it reminded me of a scene of horrified crowd in some old science fiction film, attack of the killer tomatoes, maybe. What occurs to me as I approach the end of my presidency, that the unparalleled resistance that greeted our policies and that we still face, despite our unparalleled success, was born of more than an ordinary political clash. After all, the struggle between those wanting more and less government spending was not due to Washington, or new to Washington, I should say. There was the struggle between those who wanted higher and lower taxes, or less defense versus a strong defense. No, our arrival in Washington represented not another skirmish among partisans, but a collision of constellations. As George Gilder has written in his words, the central conflict in the economy pits the forces of status bureaucracy against entrepreneurs, and he adds that on one side are those and who believe the economy, the nation and the world require, as he puts it, control by large corporations and governments. On the other, are those who believe our future depends on small companies, entrepreneurs, inventors and creators, and that's his list, not mine. But before we came to Washington, the powers that be saw the economy as a kind of a repertory theater, a few well-known actors, business, labor, government, performing a few well-known plays, well, we said this is not the way the world works, that there's a great surging, yearning, creative energy in this land of questing freedom, and that because of it, America is continually being born anew. New companies, new technologies bloom and have their day. Some grow, some fade, some businesses become titanic overnight. Others remain tiny, but just because this process of conception, birth and growth is so fertile, so diverse and so dynamic, government cannot regulate it, subsidize it or control it. Government had just better get out of the way and let it happen. You know, I sympathize with the liberals when we first started talking about the economy in these terms, they predicted disaster, we predicted growth, and this year more people have been at work than ever before in the history of our country. A greater proportion of the workforce has been employed than ever before, and after a decade of a falling roller coaster, real family income has been rising steadily ever since our expansion began more than five years ago. Businesses are high and climbing, and in industry after industry, American manufacturing is the world leader. Unemployment is the lowest in almost 14 years, and month after month brings new words of hundreds of thousands of new American jobs, and over 90 percent of these new jobs are from businesses that are five years old or less. That is entrepreneurial businesses, just the kind we've been talking about and the liberals dismissed. You've got to hand it to our critics, though. With all that good news mounting, they didn't give up. When the stock market fell last October, they could hardly wait to dance on the grave. And when I said the economy was strong, they said I was, quote, irrelevant. Well, the first quarter economic figures came out last week. You've seen them, gross national product up, domestic demand up, personal consumption up, durable good spending up, spending on services up, business fixed investment up at a 21 percent annual rate, wages and salaries up, exports up. My question is, who's irrelevant now? Used to be if you were a liberal and things just weren't going your way here, you could find friends abroad. Well, even that's getting harder. India, France, New Zealand, Australia and now Great Britain have followed this new path and have adopted the recipe for what some call the American miracle. Yes, they've begun to cut tax rates, privatize state-owned industry and reduce regulations. France even presented a legion of honor to a supply-side alumnus of our administration saying it was for the renewal of economic science and policy after a half-century of state intervention. Well, yes, it's hard being a liberal today. It's a little like the story of when Mark Twain at the time, a young and relatively unknown writer, first met Ulysses Grant. General Grant was always a man of few words. Twain was flustered and couldn't think of a thing to say. And after a long silence between them, Twain stammered, General, I'm embarrassed. Are you? Well, the liberals should be embarrassed. To an economy that is strong and hearty, they're trying to feed a junk food diet filled with empty calories. Some of the emptiest are in a box marked the trade bill. The plant closing restriction is the bill's worst provision, not the only bad one. Mandatory plant closing notification has no place in federal law. It's a subject for labor management negotiations, not government regulation. Before they start to argue with me on that, let me remind them. I was elected president of my union six times. By the way, I'm calling it plant closing notification, because that's what it's called in the press. But it covers wholesalers, retailers, services, every sector, and it applies to layoffs as well as closings. You may have seen articles lately saying, well, this restriction is not all that bad. Well, yes, it is. It's a shackle on smaller companies that want to take the leap and become large, one more risk and a big one. If they cross the threshold and fall under the regulation, an important reason to say, let's hold off growing that big for a while. And it's a ticking bomb in the backseat of any medium-sized or larger company that is stripping down and overhauling so it can keep on the track with foreign racers. The bill's elaborate exemptions that tell who must give notice and who doesn't have to will detonate lawsuits, sending managers to the courtroom just when they're most needed in the factory, pulling their weight. Whenever the choice is a close call about whether a company is so distressed that it doesn't have to give notice, legalities will swamp the crucial economics of holding customer loyalty and maintaining credit or confidence and so of saving American jobs. Well, those who are for the provision insist that it won't hurt us because, after all, many European countries have similar restrictions themselves. Yep, and that's among the reasons for Europe's poor job performance over the last six years. If we had done it poorly, our unemployment rate would be up like theirs, not down from 10.8 percent to five and a half percent. What would organized labor say then? Anyone who would copy Europe in this way is no friend to American workers. For America, plant-closing restrictions are like playing Russian roulette with a machine gun, a sure loser. I've said it loud and clear again and again. I want to sign the right trade legislation this year, for example, greater protection for intellectual property and greater negotiating authority in the current round of international trade negotiations are good ideas and they're in the bill, but they don't make up for so much else. In the form it was passed, I will veto the trade bill. The future or the past, that's what's at stake in the trade bill, and that's what's been at stake in every battle we fought together these last eight years. In essence, our opponents want to move the United States toward what Latin American economists like Hernando DiSoto have called a mercantilist system. As Peruvian writer Mario Vargas-Losa has described it, this means in his words, a bureaucratized regulating state that puts the principle of redistribution of wealth over creation of wealth. When DiSoto concludes, redistribution has, quoting, meant the concessions of privileges and monopolies to small private elites that depend on the state and on which it, in turn, is dependent. While making America's economy more like that may not seem smart, for those who look at the transformation of our industrial base with trepidation, it offers great comfort. Our opponents want to seize the seasons and stop time from flowing by. They look to the future with fear. They fear new technologies, new businesses, new international competition. We look to the future with hope and optimism. And why shouldn't we? We've made a long journey, and despite all the predictions of disaster, a good one. We aren't at the end yet, of course. In the years ahead, as we work to reduce further the disincentives in the tax code, we should cut the capital gains tax. When you tax something, you get less of it. The capital gains tax is a tax on innovation, and we need more innovation, not less. We must also get control of federal spending once and for all. Congress has had control of the budget process for 14 years and made a mess of it. 1,000-page continuing resolutions you can hardly lift. Forget about vetoing by the line. I'm ready to veto by the pound. But it's time to strengthen the president's hand in the budget process. It's too late for me to have the benefit of this, but it's time to give the presidency what 43 governors have, what I had as governor of California, and used 943 times without getting overridden once, a line-item veto. We need a two-year budget cycle and more privatization. Last year, Congress cut the Coast Guard and gave the money to Amtrak. I'd rather stop all subsidies to Amtrak and give those dollars to the Coast Guard to fight drugs. And the most important, we need a no-fault insurance policy for taxpayers, insurance against reckless spending, a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution. Now this is just a short distance on the path of our unfinished journey. We're like the pioneers who settled this great land, who struggled across the prairie, who braved the mountain passes and deserts, who conquered a vast frontier. It is love and faith that drive us on. Love of the liberty and opportunity that America has offered so many for so long. Faith that we with our strength and our wit can, like the pioneers and the patriots before us, help build, preserve, and perpetuate that heritage. It is a great gift God has given each of us, making us Americans. Who knows why some are so blessed? It's a mystery we cannot fathom but can only adore and be thankful for. In these last eight years, you've shown your thanks by helping to rekindle America's fire of opportunity and optimism, by helping to ensure that it would burn for the generation to come, by feeding the flame that will guide our journey into the future. Yet the journey is not over, and without you, America could yet turn back. So many hopes rest with you, so many dreams.   Keep America on the path to the future. Do this not for me, but for this land we love and cherish so well. Thank you, and God bless you all. We thank you, Mr. President, on behalf of the entire Federation of the Chamber of Commerce throughout the country for coming here today. We thank you for the love and affection and admiration you have planted in our hearts during your years in the presidency. We wish you a great success on your trip to Moscow, which we hope will plant the seeds and further the growth of peace and prosperity around the world for generations ahead. And we thank you and our extraordinary First Lady, Mrs. Nancy Reagan, for everything you have done for us during your years in the presidency.


Hey, buddy, what's up? It's Rob Dodson. Welcome back to the show. So today, we're going to be continuing our series on Polymer and Firebase by using the Firebase Messaging element. So that allows us to add push notifications to our Polymer plus Firebase app. So to get started with Firebase Messaging, follow me over here to my laptop. And I've gone to beta.webcomponents.org. This is our amazing new web components catalog. And I just went ahead and looked for Firebase Messaging. I'll take me to the Polymer Fire repo. And once you're here, you want to make sure to go over to the sidebar here, where I list all of the elements that fall under Polymer Fire, and click on Firebase Messaging. Now we can see the docs specific to this element. So there's a few things that we need to do to get up and running with Firebase Messaging. And I often forget these steps, so I'm going to try and do them first. So I don't forget this time. The first one we want to do is go down here to where it says that we need a web app manifest. And we need this GCM sender ID. So there is a specific number that it has listed here, like 10395, whatever, whatever, whatever. We have to use that exact number in our web app manifest, because that is the sender ID for, I think, Google Cloud Messaging Service or whatever, which is what we have to use to send push notifications using Firebase. So I'm going to go over to Visual Studio Code. I've got this project that I've already started. I'm going to create a new file called manifest.json. And inside of here, I'm going to paste just that one key. You might already have a manifest.json for your project. You might already have a few other things inside of there. That's cool. Just make sure that you include this one key somewhere in your manifest. And then over in my index file, I'm just going to write a link tag. And the rel is going to be manifest. And the href is going to be manifest.json. Just like that. The next thing we need to do is we need to get some magical keys from our Firebase project. I'm going to go over to my Firebase console. This is my project that I've already set up.  And there's a tab right here for Cloud Messaging. So I'll bump that up a little bit. It's a little easier to see. OK, so there's a couple keys on this page. I'm going to just go ahead and take the server key and copy that to my clipboard because I'm going to need that later. And I also need this sender ID. So this is my Firebase specific sender ID. This one is specific to my project. So it's different from that GCM sender ID that we were just working with. So I'm going to copy this one, go back to my project, and I'm going to find my Firebase app element, which is somewhere in here. Here we go. And I believe we need to make sure to add to this one messaging sender-id and set it to that Firebase specific key that we just copied out of there. OK, we've got that part set up. Now we're ready to actually start adding Firebase messaging to our project. We're going to get back to the server key a little bit later. But now we're actually ready to start dropping some of these elements in. So I'll go back to the docs for PolymerFire. And what's really nice is the sample code here is pretty good. So we can just sort of follow it directly. So I want to grab this Firebase messaging element right here. Just copy that code.  So I'm going to hit the toggle switch. It'll ask them for permission to send them notifications. They'll say yes. It'll take that token that's generated by that permission grant. It'll save that to Firebase. And it'll also kind of give us an indicator that we can then go ahead and send them a notification. And then we're going to do that using some curl magic. To create that element, I'm going to, in my public directory, just make a new file called my-subscription.html. And I'm going to just start up by importing a few Firebase elements that we need. We know that we're going to need. So we'll do this from PolymerFire. We're going to need Firebase off. We're going to need Firebase document. I need Firebase messaging. And one more element that we're going to need is a paper toggle button. So I haven't installed that yet. But I will in just a second. So paper toggle button. Switch over to the terminal. So we'll do bower install save Polymer elements slash paper toggle button. So I'll go out and fetch it. I've already got it installed in my project. So should be good to go. Switching back over to the subscription element that we were writing. Just going to use a little code snippet here to stub things out. So I'll say my subscription. Cool. So in our template, we can now just start copying and pasting some of the code that we saw in the Firebase Messaging docs. So I'll just drop in the Firebase Messaging element right here. There we go. All right. So what this is going to do is it's going to create an element that has an ID of messaging. We'll use that later to access it in JavaScript. It's going to have a token attribute, which it's just going to expose to the rest of the elements inside of this thing that we're building. And then when it receives a message, it's going to try and call this handle message method, which we'll implement a little bit later. The other thing we need to do is just verify that we have a user. So I'm going to just drop in a Firebase Auth element. Paste this puppy in there. Cool, cool. All right. So we used this in the past two episodes. We're kind of treating Firebase Auth almost like a model representing the state of the user. And in this case, we just want to get that user value out of Firebase Auth. So once the user is signed in, we can use that value to then write to specific parts of that user's database. In this case, we're going to use it to save the token that Firebase Messaging generates when the user grants it permission. So to do that, we will drop in a Firebase document. Paste this puppy in here. All right. So what we're going to do with this document is the Firebase document works very similar to Firebase Query, which I think we used in the last episode. Firebase Query, you use to write to the Firebase database when you're working with array-like data, so a big collection of things, like the to-dos and our to-do list. Firebase document is useful when you want to write to a very specific object. So we're not pushing a bunch of array-like data. We're just writing a specific value to some field. So in this case, we're going to say, we want to write to slash users slash user UID. So this will be specific to the user that's signed in. And we're going to give them the sort of token sub-property. We're going to write to that field. The data that will fulfill that value is going to come from this one-way token binding, which will be generated by Firebase Messaging. So basically, what we're doing is we're saying, when the user grants Firebase Messaging permission, it's going to generate a token, and we're going to save that to the database. And that's really useful because in the future, when you want to send somebody a notification, you're going to check to see, OK, is this user, have they approved the permission to send notifications? Yes or no? Do we have a token? If so, let's use that to then send them that notification. All right. I want to set up a little bit of code to actually ask the user for permission here. And this is where we're going to use that paper toggle button. So I've just got a little bit that will paste in here. All right. So we've got a paper toggle button with an ID of subscribe. And whenever the user taps it, we're going to call this toggle subscription method. And then we're going to figure out whether this thing should be checked or not checked based on if the user has already generated a token. This is kind of a quick and dirty way to do things. I would actually probably recommend if you're building more of a production app, you sort of have a separate property where you're keeping track of whether or not the user is subscribed. But in this case, since we just want to get something up and running, we can use this approach. And then underneath where the paper toggle button asks the user to subscribe, I'm actually just going to create a couple of paragraph tags to log the value of the token. And we're going to need that later on when we use curl to actually send a notification. But normally, you would just store this in your database and you would work with it server-side. But in our case, we're going to use it so we can curl against it. OK, so I need to implement this toggle subscription method so that the user can do the whole permission auth grant thing. So if we go over and we look at the documentation for Polymer Fire, they've actually given us basically all the code that we're going to need to stub out there. We're just going to copy this chunk right here. And I'll walk you through what's happening after we implement it. So we'll say toggle subscription is function. And we'll paste that in. All right, so what is happening here? So we're saying, all right, find this dot dollar sign dot messaging. So again, that's Polymer's way of referring to an element by its ID. So this is referring to our Firebase messaging element right here. So we're saying, take that element, call its request permission method. That's going to then ask the user, hey, is it cool to send you notifications? And it's going to return a promise. And if that promise fulfills, then we know that permission was granted. If that promise fails for whatever reason, then we know that permission was denied. This is also a good place, for instance, if you wanted to, you could differentiate the user is subscribed or not subscribed and store a separate value in your database, just like a flag is subscribed or not. You could do that inside of these handlers. But in our case, we're just going to prompt the user. And once they say yes, then our Firebase Messaging element, it will get a token, just sort of magically. That's how its internals work. That will fulfill to this Firebase document element. So it'll write it to our database. And we'll actually be able to go check the database to verify that everything is working as expected. The last thing that I want to do here is implement this handle message method. So this is going to run whenever we receive a notification from the server. So in our case, because we're working kind of quick and dirty, I'm actually not going to do very much with this. What you could normally do is display a toast or some sort of notification in the desktop site to the user. But I'm just going to console log that a message was received. And we will just log out the arguments, which should give us a data object showing us the content of that notification. The cool thing, though, is if you were on a mobile device, like Mobile Chrome, this would actually, this notification as it came in would just show up in the user's system tray automatically. You don't even really need to do any code to make that happen, which is pretty awesome. The last thing, actually, that we need to do is we need to create a service worker that can work with Firebase Messaging and receive those push notifications, even if the user is not currently looking at this application as their active tap. So if we go and we look at our documentation, it tells us that we should have a Firebase Messaging SWJS file. So we'll create that new file. And the contents of that file are linked to from these FCM documentations. Here we go. I've copied this code from earlier, but basically what we're doing is we're importing the Firebase app JavaScript file. We're importing Firebase Messaging JavaScript. We need both of these little libraries so that our service worker can properly work with Firebase services. And then we just call this one method, initialize app. We give it our message sender ID, which if you remember, we copied out of our project console earlier. And then we just have this Messaging property, where we're just saying Firebase dot messaging. That just kind of like kick things off and gets things running. I think at this point, we might be good to go and actually ready to test this thing. Fingers crossed that this works on the first try. So I'm going to run Firebase serve. And that'll start up a little local project. So we'll go over to our project here. All right, refresh the page. Cool. Let's see. I think we're missing something here. So it is helpful if we include the subscription element in the rest of our project. So go back to my app, make sure that we have imported my subscription. My subscription. Man, I'm totally, I know I'm not spelling this thing right somewhere, but I'm going to power on, see what happens. So we'll drop in my subscription element, right? OK, refresh the page. Yes. OK, we have a paper toggle button here. So the user clicks the check box. It asks them, hey, can I get your permission? We say, yah-ha. And that's going to give us this big, elaborate token. Remember, if we go back and we look at the my subscription element, when the user receives their token, I'm just writing it to the page so we can use it to curl. So I'm going to copy all this text here. Kind of runs off to the side there. So grab all of that. There we go. Get all of that. And let's see, if we look at our Firebase console, we can actually see in the database that our user has been established. They have a token that has been written to the database for them, which is kind of nice. And so the last thing I'm going to do is I'm just going to use curl to simulate sending this user a message. Now, normally, you would probably do this work on your server side based on some user action, you know? But we're just going to do it here from our console just to test that everything works. And I've saved already this notification file, because there's a fair bit of code that we have to write to make this work. And I'm going to post all this code on GitHub afterwards so you don't have to try and memorize all this or copy it down by hand. But we're going to use curl. And we're going to, here, I'll close this sidebar to make this a little bit easier. OK, so we're going to use curl. We're going to pass a header with our authorization key. So remember earlier, I grabbed kind of like two keys out of my Firebase console. I'll go back and so you can see here. So let's see, we go to our project settings, get a cloud messaging. So there's two keys here. There's this really long server key, and there was our sender ID. So I need this really long server key. And I'm going to pass that as my authorization key in this sort of curl header. So that is this first part here. It's super long, super long, goes on forever. There we go, so we need that. We have another header for the content type. We're just going to say it's application JSON. I'm going to pass the D flag to tell it we're going to pass it some data. And the data that we're sending, sorry, this is a little hard to read, but the data that we're sending is an object with a to value. And the to value is going to be our user's token. So that's really, really long string here. So that helps identify their device, if I recall correctly. So we've got to make sure that we're sending it to the right device. So go all the way to the end, paste in that token, right? Yep, double check that's right, yep. And then we send them a notification object. So this can have a title field. It can, you know, we'll just say, hello world. And a body object, we'll just say this is a notification. And the last piece that we pass is this sort of like address to FCM. So we're going to grab all of this. We're going to go to our console, have a new tab here, paste that in, run it. So we should get something that looks like this where it says, you know, success one, so far so good. Go back to our project. You can see here in our terminal now, I will here, I'll boost this up. So it's really clear that we've got a message received. So remember we were console logging our message. Message has been received. And go look at the object, look at the message and notification and we can see there is the content for our notification. So yeah, if you want to tell your user like, hey, you won some amazing contest, you won 1,000 free inflatable ducks, you can do that using that object. So that is the basics of setting up notifications using Polymer Fire. Again, it's a fair number of steps, but honestly, compared to doing all this yourself in JavaScript, this is a much, much, much easier approach. So I highly recommend everyone try it out. If you have any questions about what we did today, as always, you can leave them for me down in the comments or you can hit me up on a social network of your choosing at hashtag Ask Polymer. As always, thank you so much for watching and I'll see you next time. Hey folks, what's up? It is Rob. Thank you so much for watching this episode. If you'd like to see some more, we got some over there in the playlist. And as always, you can click the little subscribe button to keep getting content every time we push it up to the channel. Again, thank you so much for watching.


Everybody forced here ripping a box of 2022 prism world cup first off the line for alexandros s Thanks again for the order alexandros Let's go on for a blue shimmer trying to get some some base cards back Numbered Aaron judge you do really well, and you have a buyer lined up right away Brazil look great today. That was charles and go was filled Rookie cracked ice Steven Estuck, yo, which ones were they Paul? We guess in the burrow What else Is a Gakpo base auto Roberto Carlos blue shimmer Awesome hit congrats on that a blue gareth bale 21 of 299 Silver global reach your ET lemons. Oh the gold Ronaldo. Yeah, they go around crazy Judge rookie out of a silver pack How many judge Ricky odd as you think are in the silver packs? How many think tops put in those silver new no Mendez rookie was very off-centered So I'm both a Kenny picket green. That's awesome. Yeah, those are those are fun to pull We got a blue and a gold back-to-back. I think yes. Yes, so blue mojo actually Marquinhos Marquinhos to 75 and a gold Connections the Brazilian keepers Allison and Edison number two out of ten Sweet card Brazil and the blue mojo Marquinhos is 23 of 75 Brazil pack. It's not a bad thing. They are Yeah, they look like they're in cruise control now like I would like to kind of took their foot off the gas in the group stage a bit But yeah, they look they look like locked in Hypergeo Felix England France will be really fun Sean and I are talking about going to his Liverpool bar on Saturday for it Place will be a madhouse silver or a Charleston This guy is increasing his value big time in the World Cup You're gonna you're gonna keep it Jonathan.  I think that's how you say it 86 out of 99 But you're thanking me. I did uh, I did sir. I certainly did not ship that box I I've had it. I'll just about nothing to do with that I'll pass along the thanks of shipping though Yeah, well, I mean you have time to hold it I mean it looks like you're gonna have at least two really good quarterbacks there Maybe more silver Kyle Walker plus Jamar Chase and Jalen Waddle Devante Smith and It's a good decent work here running back to you. So yeah, maybe hold for now blue shimmer Eric Maxim Chupamoting The Cameroonian is I would say the legend there one of five Chupamoting a Red Romelu Lukaku Number 130 of 399 Silver new era Reese James The messy base Hyper rookie Milan Boreon Sweet turnover guy Silver Francisco Calvo Pink Phil Thoden Sean's boy. Let's go Phil and that's gonna do it Appreciate it. Alexander us. We'll get these out to you


Good evening everyone. We are back for the time being at least back live on YouTube. We've been off for a couple of weeks and we've been off because I'm not going to repeat the statement now because I don't want to get kicked off again. Just some remarks that I made about vaccination. I got us a two-week ban, yet another two-week ban but we're back and like I say for the time being I must say I do feel a little bit, I must have strangled as to what I can say. It's a terrible feeling and what can I say, how significant it is. The first Monday after we were kicked off, I put a video on Rumble and I really wish that people would watch more people would watch on these alternative platforms. As it stands, YouTube is still, we still have the biggest amount by far the biggest amount of subscribers and followers on YouTube. I wish that we could transfer those over to another platform but it's just not the reality at the moment unfortunately. It's difficult, it's difficult to be in the position where you are restricted in what you can say so I would urge people to go over to these other platforms but in any case let me just before we get on to tonight's main topic, I wasn't going to talk about the economy, I will, I will do that next week. One of the things that I did in the Rumble video was show you my YouTube view in numbers going back the last couple of years and there's a, there was a massive decline in the number of views that I was getting on YouTube so we're going back a couple of years, videos were getting 100,000, 200,000 views, you can see them dropping throughout mid 2020 to around 50, 60,000 views and then by the end of 2020 we were down to two or three thousand views, we're now basically on one or two. I have watched in the time it takes to refresh a page because I know this is going on, I have watched a 2000 views in the time it takes to refresh a page turn into 1500 in the time it, so either people are unwatching the videos or YouTube is seriously, seriously censoring us. However, even with that in mind, we still do have the largest following on YouTube so it's something we have to keep alive for as long as we can but I would urge people to go over to the other platforms. Thank you very much, if you look in the comments you can see the reality of cancel culture, there's a link there that Brian, PFJ has just posted, please do have a look at it. I do move over to these other platforms, we can't unless you do. Another couple of points at the conference of course is coming up 28th of November, please get your ticket for it if you haven't already. It's going to be an important conference for us and it's important as I've said repeatedly in the last few weeks very important for us to get together for the first time in two years from all over the country, please do get your ticket for the conference if you haven't already. Finally before we start this weekend the 20th of November we will be in Taunton, if you are in the area please get in touch give Sharon a shout on inquiries at 4britain.uk we'll be campaigning in Taunton this weekend Saturday the 20th. Okay as you can probably guess I'm going to talk this evening about what happened in Liverpool yesterday. The latest that I'm hearing and this is literally a minute a minute before I was due to start I was sent a article published what an hour ago and updated only a matter of minutes ago it's from the Daily Mail it says suicide bomber who died when his device blew up outside a Liverpool hospital is a Syrian asylum seeker who converted to Christianity at Cathedral he wanted to attack and was once arrested for carrying a knife. Okay so what's happened is that there was a explosion outside the a women's hospital in Liverpool yesterday yesterday of course was Remembrance Sunday and I wrote I attended a wreath laying ceremony here in Hartlepool yesterday and as always it was very moving very touching you there were military people there there were people there to pay their respects and it is it is always a very moving very moving thing I watched I wrote my my Sunday column on it yesterday I had a look at the wreaths that had been laid and I saw wreaths from the Labour Party and from the Conservative Party and to say it makes my blood boil is genuinely an understatement and I'll explain why in a few minutes let me have a look though at a little bit more detail on the latest on this story suicide bomber who died inside a taxi as it blew up outside a hospital in Liverpool on Remembrance Sunday was a Syrian asylum seeker Enzo Almini is thought to have suffered here we go is thought to have suffered from mental health problems and was sectioned in 2014 after being caught brandishing a knife in central Liverpool he arrived in the UK several years ago and spent most of his time in Liverpool where he was being supported by Christian volunteers from a network of churches who help asylum seekers his birth name is Imad Jamal Al Swilmin and is believed to have spent a large part of his life in Iraq where his mother came from okay couple of points he was caught brandishing a knife in Liverpool seven years ago why is he still here genuinely why is he still here he's clearly a threat to the safety of the British people but because in Britain today he's his he and his safety are more important than the safety of the British public that's why he's still here he's clearly a threat but he's still here let me tell you a story a few years ago actually just after the you remember the mass sexual assault that took place in Cologne in Germany not long after that I stated that European governments were actively encouraging the rape and assault of European women and Norwegian radio station took issue with this and got in touch with me and I was interviewed on this Norwegian radio station and the person who interviewed me was pretty incensed that I would say such an incendiary thing such make such a disgraceful comment how dare I say what what am I what what's matter with me that I would make such a comment live on air I said to this guy let's take no away statistics show that in the capital city Oslo of the violent stranger rapes that took place in that city over a three-year period one hundred percent of them were carried out by non-western immigrants a hundred percent of them when the police were asked the Oslo police were asked if any native ethnic Norwegian men had been involved in such attacks she said none that we are aware of a hundred percent no way responds to this by giving lessons voluntary lessons to arrivals into Norway basically asking nicely please don't rape Norwegian women this is voluntary remember so any man who's going to sign up for that is pretty much the man you don't need to worry about anyway so the Norwegian government knows it knows that these men are going to rape Norwegian women and they still invite them to come they still give them accommodation food pocket money and allow them to stay in Norway indefinitely even if they are found guilty of assaulting and attacking Norwegians that is in that knowledge if they know this the Norwegian government knows this and and brings these people to Norway anyway and gives it makes it so easy for them that they are actively encouraging not just allowing actively encouraging these assaults to take place exactly the same applies here in Britain with these terror attacks exactly the same we have had attack after attack after attack in London we've had the Manchester bombing we've had the murder of David Amos recently and now this another suicide bombing in Liverpool we are now the country is now on high alert meaning that another attack is highly likely that's where we are at this moment even with all of this knowledge all of this in mind the government knows this it knows the threat this is Boris Johnson's government but it was the government before and the one before that same thing they know that these people present a threat to the safety of the British public but not only do they allow them to come here anyway they actively encourage them to come here anyway they encourage them to come here because they lay on accommodation and pocket money and whatever their needs are are met even if as this person was and it's not the only one you remember the attack in Reading that person also had enough you have a long list a long list this person was already found to be brandishing a knife I don't know the circumstances of that but brandishing a knife it's not exactly doesn't it doesn't encourage it's not encouraging is it and yet he's still here there's no removal of these people none and now you have politicians the usual insult the insult from these politicians isn't it terrible how can these things happen they're happening because of these politicians they're allowing it to happen and when it happens they shrug their shoulders and shake their head isn't it awful if only something could be done something can be done you can stop facilitating the murder of your own people because that is exactly what this government and the labor government would be no different probably marginally worse only marginally the government is facilitating terror attacks on its own people time and time and time again that is a fact and when I said this to this Norwegian radio person they actually conceded I think that the the response was well I suppose when you put it like that when I put it like that it's the truth that's all it is something particularly genius about it there's nothing particularly remarkable about it all it is is the truth if a government knows that the people coming into this country are a threat to their own people and they let them come anyway then it's a matter of fact that that government is allowing at best actively facilitating and encouraging at worst attacks on its own people that's what you have got here now the home secretary let me read this to you Pretty Patel is going to have crisis talks with her counterpart in France because yet again yet again a new record has been set one more than 1100 people came in through the English Channel last week in one day in one day those people are coming from Islamic societies guaranteed if not all I'm actually going to go out and on a limb and suggest all are Muslims we've no idea who they are where they come from what kind of mental health issues they have but they're coming here anyway in record numbers last year around 8000 crossed the English Channel this year it has already passed 23 000 23 000 people have come across the English Channel this year we've no idea who they are and I guarantee you I guarantee you there are similarly mentally ill people vast numbers probably among them and not only that and not suggesting by the way before anyone says it I'm not suggesting all 23 000 I going to commit terror attacks but some will some will bring violent crime and even the ones who don't present us with a massive benefits bill well British people sleep on the street and an enormous cultural clash for years or even generations to come so in response to this in response to 23 000 people this is remembered just across the channel pretty but tell our so-called home secretary is having crisis talks in France to stop to get France to stop them coming over France why would France bother stopping them from coming here why I mean apart from the millions of pounds of taxpayers money that is being paid to France to stop them they're not doing it and they're not doing it because they're moving the problem on France has enough of this itself it's moving that problem to the UK there's no reason whatsoever for France to do anything about this why would they pretty but tell the British government its answer to this mass invasion of Great Britain is to ask France to deal with it do you feel safe I don't I mean why why would anyone feel safe for the government like this actively actively putting us in danger and then a couple we do we better ask France you deal with it yourself you don't rely on France this is your country these are your people these are the British people the British government is responsible for protecting the British people but they don't at all in any respect ever just nothing not not an effort is made to protect the British people now the border force the border force is picking people up and bringing them here the head of the boy outgoing head of the border force this is this is unbelievable doesn't believe in borders and on his closing speech said that he didn't believe in borders it was like something from the Socialist Worker Party we're all human beings this sort of left wing flares in your hair tree hugging nonsense we are all human beings but it's human beings that blow other human beings up you need to know who those human beings are or better yet why don't you worry about protecting your own human beings instead of worrying about everyone else for a change let's protect the British people just for a change what needs to happen is very clear at this point we need a barrier in the English Channel the border force needs to be whoever is leading the border I mean I know this this idiot is gone but I suspect strongly he'll be replaced by another open border moron let's replace this guy with someone who I don't know believes in borders believes in protecting this country let's do that and then let's place the Royal Navy in the English Channel and send those boats back to France with force if necessary it is time it is time to protect Britain to protect Britain it's time it is time if I was leading this country that is what would happen the Royal Navy would be in the English Channel stopping illegal migrants from arriving on our shores that's what would happen then the hotels that are keeping illegal migrants would be emptied of those illegal migrants they will be given a choice you either name a country to be sent back to or you go to prison until you do it's as simple as that and if someone says well we don't have the prison space we'll build them I really think the British taxpayer would prefer us to keep them safe than to use their money putting illegal immigrants criminals actually into hotels well by the way I repeat British people including veterans are sleeping on the street that is what needs to happen as soon as you do that guess what they'll stop coming now if pretty Patel was a home secretary worthy of what that once respected office that is exactly what she would be doing I have suspicion though that even if she had the gumption to do that Mr Floppy Boris Johnson wouldn't let her because Boris is bought and paid for bought and paid for not a doubt in my mind that is what needs to happen and yesterday was Remembrance Sunday and these politicians with their reads pretending to care pretending to honor the memory of those who died to protect this country how dare they pretend they are trampling on that memory and off the Kent coastline where the battle of Britain was fought where British people died defending the shores of this country against the Nazis are now open to all and sundry it is beyond disgraceful it is beyond scandalous it is absolutely unforgivable unforgivable and in the wake of this latest attempt to murder British people there'll be no discussion of you know what we'll have mental health problems the usual stuff no real discussion of the religion that people are bringing to this country en masse and the teachings of that religion much like there was no discussion when Sir David Amos was murdered recently that was blamed on social media somehow somehow never miss a chance to restrict our freedoms while ignoring the reality let me go to some questions and comments oh thank you Noel says I always vote I always say vote amri was um we're making a comment thank you um oh Michael the background has changed for a few reasons but we anyway um mental health of course if it had been a white man it would have been far right rapists are advised to say they didn't know rape is wrong and then blame it on alcohol you know again I'm absolutely encouraged it absolutely confirms what I'm saying they're encouraging facilitating attacks on their own people. Stu I'd like to hear thoughts on Doris Johnson sending British troops to Poland to protect their borders a similar one about um okay let me address that again again you almost you're you almost can't make it up and we live in such a world of of parody and madness that sadly you don't have to make it up British troops a small number but a bigger number than the ones charged with protecting this border British border we're sent to Poland to help we know what's going on on the Polish border this is happening all over Europe people are by force charging into European countries and British troops were sent to help the Poles reinforce their border I I hope the Polish protect their borders I like Poland I like Polish people I'd hate to see Poland become like Western Europe but why are what where are the British troops to protect this country in you know we have the border force bringing them here and then sending the army to keep them out of Poland I you there are no it's so hard even to describe it's so unbelievable that you I struggle even to find what to say something I mean how can this be how can this be there's no explanation for that one at all it absolutely absolute insanity um when you come into south Wales emory uh stellar let's set something up in south Wales and I'll be there um right what do you think it's off on it on another matter um what do you think of the USA professor who says it's wrong to call people pedophiles they should be called minor attracted people as not all sex offenders as not all pedophiles are sex offenders um okay I look it may be that not everyone not every pedophile now a pedophile is a pedophile actually assaults a child but I don't care the pedophiles therefore they're a danger to a child and this I I think you know you this sanitization of pedophilia this downgrading of sexual assault on children has been going on for some time it is you can and it's part of it is part of the you know going into schools and teaching young children about masturbation and teaching young children about variety of different genders and day you know this is all this is all stinks of pedophilia to me was sexualizing children and this is just another horrific attempt to minimize pedophilia and whether or not a pedophile actually sexually abuses a child they are still a danger to children and we mustn't ever minimize that danger or treat it as if it's unimportant when did we how did we get here how did we get here who is running things who is the Jew is behind or where is what is how did we get to this place and it's across the board the education system is encouraging this stuff the media is encouraging this stuff you don't hear politicians speaking out I'm just not hearing where and and by and look at the look at the sentences we hand down to pedophiles and to sexual abusers and to rapists look at the sentences we hand down nothing a couple of years I remember once doing a live stream on a documentary I'd watched and the police had spent this time and to be honest with you I felt sorry for the police because they put so much effort tracking down this guy who they caught him right he went they basically the police pretended to be a 12 12 year old I think it was online and this guy groomed her and arranged to meet her in a hotel he turns up into this hotel with sweets and a bag of sex toys the police were there to meet him two years of all the trouble they went through he's handed a two-year sentence this man is a danger to children we've downgraded the danger the threat of sexual abuse and rape we've downgraded the damage it does we've minimized how utterly disgusting and repulsive and evil it is why why where are we where are we as a society we've lost completely lost a moral compass and it has to come back but it will only come back when we replace the I I don't even know the words to describe what we are governed by at this point in time what is governing us what what where are their morals where are their principles where are the backbone we hand out two-year sentences to pedophiles we have a home secretary who goes to France to stop it but what is wrong with us what's wrong this was once a great country that we've been led into the darkness by these left-wing neo-communist moral free principle free evil ideology they've taken over our institutions and they they dominate the media and they are leading have led this once great country down a very very dark path and this this minimizing of pedophilia is only another example of it what's happening in austria uh what's happening in austria is that unvaccinated people are going to be placed into lockdown apparently I mean this is this is unforgivable as well and this is I can't you know I I said last two weeks ago I made a comment about how effective or otherwise uh this procedure this this um I'm going to be very careful um how effective this is um and there doesn't seem to be to be to put it mildly no firm conclusions about the effectiveness of this and given that it is so wrong to do this to people who won't have a vaccine but what it does what it has achieved is and I think largely what this really is about is the relationship between citizen and state and transformate the transformation the radical transformation of the relationship between citizen and state such that we are now in the situation where we are grateful for what the government allows us to do from one day to the next that's what's been achieved with this okay um I do have to finish because I know we've got a committee meeting in about seven minutes but before I go there's something very important that I do want to say we the issues that we've discussed tonight Liverpool coming hot on the heels of the murder of David David Amos the terror attacks that we've suffered London Manchester Reading and other places this issue has not gone away and I want to explain just to take this opportunity to explain to you why for Britain why this party exists and why it has to why you have to get behind us you have to even if you don't you don't have to get involved just join and give us your backing millions of people in this country know there is something deeply deeply wrong they know they're not being told the truth they know that of the political options available to them you've got a variety so let me just classify what varieties are available you've got the mainstream the big parties labor Tory livedans all of them pro mass migration all of them nothing to do with Islam all of them turning a blind eye to both the terror element and the incompatible culture element of this mass migration from Islamic societies so that's the mainstream is out for the millions who are concerned about this the mainstream mainstream is their enemy and then you've got the right and on the right you have the sort of the socially acceptable right so those sort of the people who get some you've got to gb news and people like this who will go what i call so far and no further so what you'll get is a complaints about mass migration defense of free speech to be fair but no mention of Islam and for that and because of that people become confused they know that Islam itself is the issue here they can find some people who'll say this immigration has to stop this terrorism has to stop but they won't talk about migration specifically from Muslim societies and they won't talk about the fact that the religion itself teaches the acceptability of the killing of non-Muslims they won't talk about that so that's the option one of the options they have on the right another option they have on the right is outright genuine racism conspiratorial due hatred and they don't want that either so they're kind of stuck they don't want this but they know there's something not quite right about this i think that's where most people are and that's why for britain is so essential not only will we stop the immigration but we will talk openly and honestly about the problem the terror element and the cultural element this migration is just storing look at the problems we have already look at the grooming gangs the fgm the child marriage all of this stuff is coming here in record numbers on a daily basis still we're saying that plainly openly and it is taught by the religion it's not a tiny minority of extremists it's the religion itself that's a fact and anyone can go to the scriptures and read that that's a fact but even though we are that open that honest and this tough that we have told you how we would deal with this immigration that's tough and believe me you don't come in to this you don't do what i do and do what we do if you don't mean it i would do it i really would but what i won't do is go over here to a place where most of the country doesn't want to go either which is hatred of black people or hatred of jews or that's and this is what people are afraid of they're afraid that these are their only options they're not we are the sane middle ground the person who knows there's something wrong but isn't getting the answers over here but doesn't want to go over there that's for britain that's why we are here because i don't find the answers over here and i don't want to go over there that's why i started this party because i know that i am one of the british public who feels this way one of many so get behind this you make us a political force we will do what is needed we will i in the house of commons will stand up and say everything i've said to you in the house of commons i absolutely would and i tell you what i can't think of much better that would inspire the people in this country who have given up who have lost faith who have lost hope to feel some hope again get behind this party we represent millions if you've been a member before and have left for whatever reason something you get back on board get back on board you must we have to we have to do this this isn't going away these issues aren't going away look at what we're governed by and we're the ones providing those answers that's it for me for this evening thank you all very much for watching if you are in the southwest please join us on saturday in taunton uh and if you are if you can't if you haven't done already get your ticket for the forbidden national conference on the 28th of november thank you very much everyone remember to share these videos and i shall see you back here um next monday hopefully next monday at eight o'clock take care of yourselves until then thanks again


A while back I found an online community that had a set of free art tutorials, but it's been so long since I started them I figure I'd better just go back to the drawing board. I have a running joke with the regulars in the Thunk Discord channel. I keep a tally of how many times I've taken an episode length script and control a deleted the whole damn thing, suggesting that the more scripts I've flung in the garbage, the closer I might be to actually recording something. Rewriting a few pages of text isn't that big of a deal, but that wicked urge to throw everything out and start over from a blank page is a constant temptation in all sorts of projects, regardless of how much time I've spent on them. CAD models with hundreds of parts, costumes that have taken me days to sew together. Whenever I've been working on something for long enough, the thought inevitably creeps into my head. Wouldn't it be easier to just start from scratch? Although it's sometimes helpful to totally reboot a project that has deep structural problems, it's just as common to realize after I've spent hours or days redoing everything, I'm more or less back where I started. The old weird edge cases have been replaced by new weird edge cases. The compromises, bugs, and trade-offs have been exchanged for different ones. The fun creative energy of laying out rough architecture and making big important decisions turns into frustration and disappointment as I work through the details of my shiny new vision and find it not quite as shiny as I imagined. For veteran coder and Stack Overflow co-founder Joel Spolsky, that impulse to discard and rebuild is the source of much frustration. In an essay titled Things You Should Never Do, Part 1, Joel attributes the prolific failure of the Netscape 6 web browser to the company's decision to totally rewrite all their code from scratch, a decision that ultimately cost them years of development and almost all the market share they still had in the year 2000. The Netscape 5 code was, by any estimation, a total mess. Many coders would avail on it much sooner, but Spolsky argues that it only seemed messy because it was battle-tested, scarred from each weird bug and edge case it had been amended to fix. Yes, there were bloated functions full of inelegant spaghetti code, but each addressed some persistent problem, a rare event or weird user request that had taken someone weeks to figure out, and they weren't. You could start over from a blank page and maybe make something prettier, but if your brilliant new design didn't address those issues, you'd trade proven functionality for slick-looking, untested code. Code that may very well become just as hairy once all the kinks are worked out. For Spolsky, the motivation to rewrite a program from scratch instead of editing or refactoring the existing code isn't driven by any realistic evaluation of how much work it's going to take or anything like that. It stems from the fact that writing new code is fairly easy compared to reading and understanding old code, especially old code written by someone else that's not particularly readable.  GK Chesserson famously wrote that, before demolishing a fence, one ought to consider carefully why someone had gone to the effort of building a fence there in the first place, especially if it appears pointless on first inspection. It seems both Chesserson and Spolsky recognize our sometimes misplaced enthusiasm for creativity and innovation, especially if it means not needing to puzzle out someone else's work, our unfounded optimism that the new thing will inevitably be better with fewer mistakes for some reason. Spolsky scoffs at this attitude, saying, it's important to remember that when you start from scratch, there is absolutely no reason to believe you're going to do a better job than you did the first time. You're just going to make most of the old mistakes again and introduce some new problems that weren't in the original version. That might sound a little harsh, but a 2010 study seems to back him up on this. The series of test subjects were instructed to build towers out of dry spaghetti and marshmallows, each staggered by a couple of minutes so people who were getting ready to start could watch while others finished up their builds, maybe taking notes or learning from their mistakes. This cycling was intended to simulate some sort of generational evolution of knowledge. You get to observe what others before you have done, then jump in and either try to iterate on it or fork off and try something new. The experimenters found a clever way to influence the bias for innovation or adaptation by tweaking the test slightly. It turns out, if you tell people you'll measure their tower right when they finish building, they tend to be more creative and wacky. If you tell them you'll measure it in five minutes or so, if it's still standing, they tend to be more conservative, adapting strategies that they see working.  Who do you think ends up with the tallest towers at the end, on average? Both. They both do. There's no statistical difference in outcomes. Both groups improve slowly over time. This might be surprising, but if you think about it, innovators are more likely to find great new ideas, but are also more likely to make costly mistakes. Even if they discover something great, if the next generation of radical innovators are also excited to try new stuff, they aren't likely to copy it. On the other hand, incrementalists always have a solid starting point and learn from previous mistakes, but improvement between generations is slow. The spaghetti towers seem to vindicate Spolsky's contempt for optimism about radical reinvention. There's no reason to expect any novel attempt to be an improvement on what's come before. Best case, you find something better that gets subsequently forgotten.  Still, if it's going to be the same amount of work to figure out the old code and debug the new code, why not start from scratch? If you're going to net similar results with a similar amount of work, why not do the thing that seems more fun? There are two possible answers to that question. The obvious answer is that spaghetti tower failure isn't quite as big a deal as hospital flight control security access power grid or missile defense system failure. If there's anything important writing on the code being continuously functional, it's always going to be better to go with the tower that's been standing and continues to stand. But there's another study that we're going to look at that directly addresses the mental labor we spend trying to understand old solutions, and it suggests that there's something important at stake when we're considering bailing on that effort and starting over. You may remember cultural evolution theory from episode 197, the idea that the real engine behind all human intelligence is our capacity to absorb culture, the expanding body of knowledge and tradition that evolves to be smarter and more adaptive over generations, as bad ideas are cold and good ideas propagate. Cultural evolution theory is a decent explanation for all sorts of seemingly unrelated stuff, like the peculiar way the human body is constructed compared to other animals, or the slow increase in average IQ, or the way human babies aren't smarter than chimpanzee babies unless they have a chance to learn from others. But here's the thing, if culture is slowly accumulating more and more intelligence over time, doesn't that mean individual humans are going to need more and more time to absorb it? Researcher Alex Massoudi noticed several phenomena that seem to suggest a general trend of increasing costs for acculturation. The average age of Nobel laureates is going up, inventors are submitting fewer and fewer patents every year, the rate of landmark scientific discoveries is decreasing. Massoudi suggests things are slowing down because people are spending more time downloading the increasingly complex information they need to make useful progress in their field, delaying the date they've finally learned enough to ask good questions and answer them, which can be a problem. At some point, the time you'd need to understand the accumulated cultural knowledge about some topic becomes equal to a human lifespan, so no more discoveries in that field. Massoudi built a few different simulations of this idea and found that the maximum accumulated knowledge of a virtual culture depends a lot on the behavior of its members. If each generation spends their time learning tidbits of knowledge at random, or copies the knowledge of their smartest ancestor, the complexity of their culture's knowledge maxes out relatively quickly, even with lots of innovation. Individuals simply won't have the building blocks they need to synthesize new discoveries if they can't stand on the shoulders of giants, or get too hung up on emulating one specific giant with all their unique blind spots. However, if individuals take the effort to compare ideas, picking and choosing ones that capture the greatest complexity of understanding, the total information capacity of their culture skyrockets. If you squint at these admittedly abstract simulations out of the corner of your eye, it kind of seems that the energy individuals invest in parsing and understanding the work that's preceded them isn't just good for helping them come up with better ideas. It's absolutely vital to ensure that their culture continues to get smarter over time. Now, I can already hear a smattering of skeptical typing from people who have grown accustomed to very small p-values. And yes, I admit, these papers are fluffy. But what I find interesting is the story they tell alongside Spolsky's maxim. On the one hand, there's no reason to expect radical innovation to net better results than simply adapting existing methods and improving them incrementally. Revolutionary discoveries end up balanced out by catastrophic failures. And even if you end up finding a really good solution to the problem, the next generation of radical innovators will just ignore what you've accomplished anyways. On the other hand, if you don't take the time to survey the landscape of past solutions, to understand what's failed and what's worked, you're not going to be able to take advantage of the accumulated cultural knowledge at your disposal, and you're kneecapping your culture's ability to build on the lessons of the past. Those who do not study history are doomed to just doomed. For me, that makes sense and paints a compelling argument for thinking twice before giving into that little voice in my head that says starting over would be easier. But what about you? Do you think Spolsky's right that reading, refactoring, and updating existing work is categorically superior to throwing everything out and starting over? What fields and subjects do you see suffering from wheel reinvention itis? Please leave a comment below and let me know what you think. Thank you very much for watching. Don't forget to blah blah subscribe, bless her, and don't stop thumping.


Good morning, John.  And I had a little bit of a crisis about it, which is ludicrous, of course, but I did, so we're there. The reality is, like, I still have a corn dog. I probably prefer a corn dog to pizza. And I still eat corn dogs a lot. They're just not, like, part of the lore anymore, which is interesting. There's a lot of things that aren't part of the lore anymore. Like, a couple of years ago, I couldn't shut up about Metamucil. And I still use Metamucil, and I still stand by Metamucil. It is a fantastic product that creates good outcomes. There's so much lore that I, like, forgotten about a lot of it. Was I, like, into my little pony for a while? Like, or maybe I, like, talked about it, and people were, like, actually hank back off from that a little bit. And so I just did without really asking why. Right before I recorded this video, I actually ordered a pizza, and they asked me my name, and I said, Hank Green, and they said, I love your TikToks. And so I asked if I could record them. Here it is. What do you know about me from my TikToks? Good. So that's one conception of who I am. They didn't know about all, like, the pelican stuff or the bean stuff or the don't eat stuff stuff. And I am on the pelican train a lot on TikTok, but, like, they're not the most successful TikToks, so that person didn't encounter them. My affinity for pelicans is, like, not a thing anywhere else. I don't talk about pelicans on Twitter that much a little bit. Now, this raises a question, and people ask me this question sometimes. Is it weird that, like, you are a different person in different places? And no, it's not. I don't know if this is, like, because I'm just this way, or because I've been doing it so long and I've gotten used to it, or if it's just, like, people are just this way, because, like, to some extent, we are different people to our parents than we are to our friends, than we are to our wives, than we are to our kids.  Like, I perform. And I change my performance based on the medium and the content and the audience. Any performer does that. But on the internet, you're supposed to be your authentic self, and so being a performer, like, that's antithetical to that, right? Except no, it's not. Because you watched me become a professional performer. Like, if you've seen all the vlogbrothers videos, and let's be honest, you haven't, I have. You know, I didn't start out a professional performer, right? Like, go back and watch 2007 videos, not professional caliber. But also, none of these people aren't me. And the more I act away on the internet, the more I actually am that way. This isn't even a surprise to me anymore. Like, you change.  You are different. You are different one year than you are another one. But I am an appellate. That's something that Catherine did to me. She, like, loved them first, and she, like, got me into pellicans. And I do honestly love pizza John, and I do honestly love them. I'd be giants and like, I, there are lots of things I love. Do I manufacture my quirk for the internet? I don't know. That's a terrifying question. I don't think so. I have always been a goofy, silly guy. You could ask my high school friend, but maybe I was manufacturing my quirks back then. Maybe we're all manufacturing our quirks. And if so, it doesn't matter because we're all manufacturing ourselves. There is no authentic self. I was not born away. I have created this person that I am. So to consolidate the crisis, I am a professional internet creator, performer, person, personality, and thus I am supposed to be authentically myself. And I cannot be that. And so here's what I can be authentically confused about or even authentically disinterested in who my authentic self even is. John, I'll see you on Tuesday. Am I a bit much? No one ever says that to me, but I think I might be a bit much. Like, I think if I met me, I'd be like, that guy's a bit much.


In today's video, we are going to talk about the top 10 cutest cats in the world. The first traces of domesticated cats go as far back as 4400 BC spread all across Europe and Asia. Although cats have been around for thousands of years, some of the cutest cat breeds are a bit more recent.  While they might be difficult from time to time, they are also affectionate, playful, and fun to be with. People love cats because they have great personalities, a lovable nature, and they're one of a kind. They are a favorite pet for a number of reasons and their cuteness is chief among the list. Here are the lists of the top 10 cutest cat breeds in the world. 10. Ragdoll Cat. The ragdoll soft and limp body tends to disguise the fact that they can grow to a size of up to 20 lbs. They are best described as lovable oaf, and while they are sizable cats, they are also very sensitive. If you are in search of a feline companion who is also something of a big teddy bear, you will fall head over heels for the cuteness of the ragdoll. Just be sure not to leave them alone in dangerous situations, as they have zero ability to protect themselves. 9. Siberian Cat. These cats have their origins in Russia, specifically Siberia. Although this cat breed has been around for over 1,000 years, Siberians didn't come to the United States until 1990. Because they were used to surviving in harsh climates, Siberian cats are a larger size cat weighing in at 8-17 lbs. They also have a thick triple coat, which you should brush at least twice a week to prevent knots. This cat breed is sweet and calm and they can adjust to pretty much any environment. However, they are keen and agile, so try to provide mental stimulation. Siberian cats are totally mesmerizing. Fluffy, long, and shiny coats are what they have and yes they are indeed amazing cats. Undeniably, they are cuddly, as in they could purr for hours if you brush them. 8. Siamese Cat. Some cats seem to think that a purr or a friendly rub speaks louder than words. Measers are not of this school of thought, and are known for their talent for clearly communicating their ideas and desires to their human servants. They are super intelligent and if you don't give them something to do, they will find something to do that you may not approve of quite as much. This breed needs daily periods of play and interaction, it's critical to the Siamese's emotional and mental health, and well-being. They should not be left alone for long periods. This is not a breed you can pat on the head and leave for 12 hours. 7. Munchkin Cat. These little munchkins never actually grow that much. Munchkin's legs are truly broad and short, which makes them the perfect cat. The munchkin breed has burst onto the scene in recent years and while they are a fairly new breed, they have become one of the cutest because of their unique personalities. They slightly resemble the Persian and have a medium plush coat. Munchkin cats are adorable and lovable like many other breeds, except their legs are three inches shorter than usual. So if you're looking for a cute cat breed that stays small, they are a great option. Think of the munchkin breed as the doxons or corgis of the cat world. Their appearance is due to a genetic mutation, but this breed of cats doesn't suffer from spinal problems like dogs do. Because of their shorter than usual legs, these cats are about six to nine pounds. These cats have sweet depositions and are quite lovable and playful. Munchkins can have long or shorter coats, so you have to brush their coats accordingly. 6. Maine Coon Cat. This cat breed is a native of Maine. However, the ancestors of the Maine Coons used to sail in ships catching mice. There are various theories surrounding their origins. Some say Vikings transported them to North America before Columbus. While others say Maine Coons were brought to America on a ship that was supposed to transport Marie Antoinette to safety. Regardless of how they got there, Maine Coons are beloved cats. Maine Coons are quite large. They tip the scales at 9 to 18 pounds. They'll do everything from playing dead to impersonating bird noises to get your attention and owners of the Maine Coon treasure their company because they are always keeping them on their toes. Although these cats love affection, they won't necessarily stay glued to your lap. Since they're so smart, you can have fun trying to teach them tricks and make sure you give them plenty of toys. Hello. This video is sponsored by Beemix Pets. Are you looking for high quality cat collars at an affordable cost? Check out BeemixPets.com. Use coupon code KittenLife to get 20% off. 5. American Bobtail Cat. If you're looking at a cat with a short fluffy tail, chances are you're looking at an American Bobtail. American Bobtails became a recognized breed in 1989 by the International Cat Association. Since they're a mid-sized breed, you can expect them to weigh between 8 to 13 pounds.  They are also low maintenance, so all you have to do is brush them a few times a week. 4. British Shorthair Cat. The British Shorthair is a compact, well-balanced, and powerful cat with a short, very dense coat. They often convey an overall impression of balance and proportion in which no feature is exaggerated. If you're looking for a cat that will loot your refrigerator and swing dizzily from your chandeliers, then the British Shorthair is not for you. Some say the British Shorthair is the perfect household companion if you like a breed that's undemanding, not always underfoot or in your face. British Shorthairs like to keep a low profile. They are affectionate but not clingy, playful but not overactive. They are quiet, even tempered, and undemanding with a bit of typical British reticence, particularly when they're first introduced. 3. Himalayan Cat. Many of us remember the adorable Himalayan who portrayed Sassy in the classic film Homeward Bound and these cats are every bit as intelligent and cheeky as she was. They're large, round eyes give them a very innocent facial expression and you will have a hard time saying no to the pitiful faces that they have been known to make. While their short legs keep them from climbing and jumping like their larger counterparts, they are good-natured pets who you will enjoy having in your home. 2. Persian Cat. If you're looking for an elegant yet cute cat breed, you need to look no further than the Persian. To say that Persian cats have been around for a very long time would be an understatement. There are records or Persian cats that date back all the way to 1684 BC in Persia. These regal cats also became the favorite of the nobility, thanks to their unique appearance. Persians are weighing in at around 7 to 12 pounds. These cats also have adorable and quiet personalities which add to their appeal. Their soft fur and lazy nature make the Persian a great cat breed for owners who are looking for that long-awaited cuddled buddy for rainy days on the couch. They're not big on roaming around and as long as they have a nice, soft basket to sleep in, they are happy. The Persian's beautiful hair makes them more suited to indoor play and you will have hours and hours of fun simply petting them. Keep in mind that although Persian cats love to sit on your lap, they don't enjoy loud environments. 1. Scottish Fold Cat When we think of really cute cat breeds, it's impossible not to almost immediately go to the Scottish Fold. The Scottish Fold is another breed of cat that was born as a result of a genetic mutation. The Scottish Fold breed gets its name because the ears fold in. At the time the breed originated, vets were concerns these cats would suffer from ear infections or other related problems. But these cats have varying health conditions that are related to the shape of their ears. Scottish Folds are quite active and enjoy playing around and staying active. However, you can also expect them to enjoy time on your lap. Although all feline companions are adorable, these are some of the cutest cat breeds around. Once you decide which adorable cat breed you like, it's important to keep them happy and healthy. If you enjoyed this video, kindly press the like button. Also don't forget to subscribe with notifications on, so that you don't miss out on videos like this. Thank you for watching.