A fiery horse with a speed of light, a clod of dust, and a hearty high of silver! The lone ranger! With his faithful Indian companion, Tonto, the daring and resourceful masked rider of the plains led the fight for law and order in the early western United States. Nowhere on the pages of history can one find a greater champion of justice. Return with us now to those thrilling days of yesteryear. A lot of the past come the thundering hoof beats of the great horse, Silver. The lone ranger rides again! Come on, Silver! Let's go, big fellow! Are you still there? Dan Reed, 14-year-old nephew of the lone ranger, had left the camp and had started for the nearby town of Greenville. He had pulled his horse, Victor, down to a walk. And as he neared a bend in the trail, he was startled by a distant scream. Golly!  Come on, Victor! As Victor raced around the bend, Dan saw a team hitched to a buckboard, racing across the prairie away from the trail. A woman was pulling frantically on the range. The team's running away. Maybe I can stop them. Come on, Victor! Come on, fellow! Remember the many things the lone ranger had taught him. And from Tonto, he had learned how to jump from the back of one running horse to another. Giving no thought to the tremendous risk he was taking, the boy raced alongside one of the horses of the team, engaging the time and distance. He lurched sideways from Victor's back, getting a firm grasp on the collar of the runaway horse. I've got to break it! For a moment it seemed that the boy was going to slip and fall under the wheels. Then, with an extra surge of strength, he pulled himself to the runaway's back and grasped the line. Oh, hold that! Easy there! Steady! Easy! They'll be all right now, ma'am. Easy fellow. Thank you enough.  I can't imagine you doing such a wonderful thing. For a while, I thought I wasn't going to make it. Oh, a snake on the trail frightened the team up. I might have been killed if you hadn't stopped them. What's your name? Dan Reed, ma'am. I'm Betty Wilson from the Bar-Y Ranch. Oh, yes. I know where the Bar-Y is. It's a big scratch. Oh, my mother and father will want to meet you, Dan. Anyway, I'm a little nervous about driving on a loan. I've never driven this particular team before. Will you ride along with me to the ranch? Well, I... I know you as a favor to me. I should say, as an added favor after what you've just done, I know dad will want to reward you. Oh, I couldn't take a reward for helping someone like that, Miss Wilson. But I will ride along with you if you're really frightened. Oh, believe me, Dan. I really am. All right, then. I'll go. Here, Victor.  I'm very proud of Victor, steady fellow. Shall we go now, ma'am? All right. Get out there. Come on, Victor.  Hold on, Victor. Hold on. Steady. Hey, steady boy. I'll help you down, Miss Wilson.  Well, Betty, did she get back all right? I told you that was a good team. Oh, but I won't ride that team again. Why not? Jay, who's the boy? I'm Dan Reed, sir. The team became frightened by a snake on the trail and ran away across the prairie. Dan heard me screaming and came to help me. He stopped the team and probably saved my life, Dad. You mean this slip of a boy? I can hardly believe it. But it's true. It was the bravest thing I've ever seen anyone do. The way he jumped from his horse to the back of one of the runaways, I persuaded him to ride along home with me. I really was afraid to come alone after what happened. Well, now, it seems like I owe you a vote of thanks, Daniel, for what you've done. Well, come along inside and I'll make my thanks more substantial with some cash. No, thank you, sir. I don't do favors for people for money. Well, that's a hot one on me. I knew you'd get a surprise if you offered to reward Dan. I think he's a very unusual person. He sure is. Most folks I know won't make a move unless and they know they get paid for it, no matter what it is. Oh, Dad, you know that isn't so. Oh, yes, it is, too. There's your mother on the porch. I wanted to meet up with this youngster. Martha, come down here a minute. Why? Meet up with Dan Reed. This is my wife, Daniel. How do you do, man? How are you doing? Betty tells me this young maverick stopped the runaway team and saved her life, like it's not. Betty, are you all right? Of course I am. Thanks to Dan. I just want you to meet someone who did something for a Wilson and then refuses to take money for what he's done. Jay is such a thing to say. You think that's all people think about? I'm glad Dan's able to prove to you that some people don't do things just for money. Haggis, Denner's an unusual kind of person, and I'll still keep counting on money instead of people's kind hearts to pull me and the bar where I threw. Yes, sir. Will you stay to supper, Denner? No, thank you, Mr. Wilson. I have to get back. My friends will be waiting for me. I hope you'll come back to see us, Dan. Yes, Dan do, and you make it real soon. Thank you, ma'am. I'd better go now. I have to go to town for a few supplies. Easy, fellow steady. I'll see you all again soon. Goodbye, Sharon.  After riding on into town for the supplies, Dan returned to the camp where the Lone Ranger and Tonto were waiting. Dan told his friends what had happened. That was a very risky thing. You did, Dan, but I'm proud of you. Dan, plenty brave, team of subbies. I didn't think of what might happen. I just knew somebody needed help and I did what I could. I see.  Yes, sir. Him not know Dan very well. I wouldn't want Dan to take money for helping others. Mr. Wilson should have known better. Well, Mr. Wilson says people don't do anything through kindness, but only because they hope to get money for what they do for anyone else. That's not true. Of course it isn't, Tonto. Wilson has a lot to learn. I've heard of Wilson. He won't accept favors from his neighbors or will he do favors for them? He's not very popular around here. That's right. I guess he's that way because he has a lot of money. He said the day that he counts on money and not on people's kind hearts to pull him through. Wilson underestimates his neighbors, puts too much faith in the power of his money. Someday he'll learn his lesson, Dan. His daughter Betty and Mrs. Wilson are like that. I like them both. I'm glad to hear they're not like Wilson. His attitude keeps him from having many friends. That's right. Wilson's foreclothes and a lot of the small ranches surrounding his land has bought up some of the other places. He'd like to own a triple-X ranch south of his spread. But so far, Jed Willis won't sell out. Wilson already have planted land cattle. Yes, I know. Well, let's start separate. It's almost sundown. Later we'll ride over near the bar-wide spread and show Dan just how big it is. Meantime, Jess Wilson had gone into town to the bank. He returned to the bar-wide and entered the ranch house. Is there any time for supper? What's in the bag you have? Cash, Martha. A lot of it. $60,000 in cash that I just brought from the bank. Oh, Dad, why did you bring so much money home? It's too risky to have it around. It won't be around long, Betty. I think I got Jed Willis where I can make him come to terms. He needs cash, and the bank turned him down on loan. He's already in too deep. You mean you're going to lend Mr. Willis the money? Not on your life. I'm riding over there the first thing in the morning and offering to buy him out, flock, stock and barrel. When he sees that cash, I think he'll sell. But, Jess, the triple-X is worth a great deal more, isn't it? Maybe so. But I'll get it for $60,000. You wait and see. As soon as I lock this cash in the cabinet in the bedroom, I'll be ready to eat. So you better get the battles on the table. Later that evening, Jess Wilson rose from the supper table and spoke to his wife.  Where are we going, Jess? It's still light enough to see, and I want to take you over and tell you how getting the triple-X spread will give us the biggest stretch of range land hereabouts. You haven't bought it yet, Dad. Why don't you wait and show Mother the land after Mr. Willis agrees to sell it to you? Nope. Hey, I want to go look at it now.  Jess, as you say, Jess. Won't take us too long, I hope. The cook has gone to town. We have the dishes to do yet. Oh, I'll wash the mother, and then I'll lie down until you get back. I don't like being alone in the ranch house with all that money here, though. Now don't go to worry, and, Betty, nobody but the bank and you and your mother know about it. Hey, ready, Martha? Yes, Jess. Come on, Betty. Come on, man. It won't take me a jiffy to get the horses hitched. See you later, Betty. Meantime, having finished their supper at the camp, the lone ranger with Tatu and Dan set out on their horses along the trail that followed the boundary line of the Bar-Y Ranch. All that land is part of the Bar-Y, Dan, far as you can see. It's a mighty big spread, isn't it? That's right, Dan. Right around the bend in the tail ahead, Dan, is one of the... Uh-oh. There comes a buckboard around the bend. Too late for us to get out of sight. Hey, it's Mr. and Mrs. Wilson. Oh, it's a wrong one. Hold it. Hold it. Hold it. Hold it. I got my guns pointed right at you, Mashman. Don't hear any of you. Make a move. Well, look, Jess. Excuse me. Is that the boy, Dan, who came to the house with Betty today? That's right, Mrs. Wilson. These are my friends.  But he isn't an outlaw, honest. That's right. I wear this mask for a reason. But I assure you I'm not an outlaw, Mr. Wilson. Of course, Jess. It's fancy. What? Even though the boy did help Betty today, I ain't taking any chances. How do I know he didn't watch me when he was in town today? He said he was gone there. I didn't know you went to town, Mr. Wilson. Why should I want to watch you? Because I had some business that might interest an hombre with a mask on. That's why I... Evidently, you're hard to convince. Dan probably saved your daughter's life today. You might at least take his word. I tell you, I'm not going to... Now, Jess, don't act foolish. I'm sure Dan's friends are all right. Thank you, Mrs. Wilson. Well, maybe I am a bit hasty, but... Like my words, Mr.   I see here, Wilson. I think we'll find somebody coming right in our... Yes, coming from the direction of Wilson's ranch. Whoa, whoa! Whoa, whoa, whoa! It's my foreman, Jim. Jim, I just... Hold up, man. It isn't your hold up, Jim. Put away your gun. All right. But try to come quick, boss. The ranch house is on fire. What's it coming after you? Ranch house on fire. Oh, I see. You guys are fighting it, but it's got a good start. Hey, guns, my money! And Betty, Jess, she was resting in the bedroom. Well, there's no time to lose. Maybe we can help. Let's go. Whoa, whoa, whoa!  The curtain falls on the first act of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. Now to continue our story. When the foreman from the bar wire ranch came with the news that the ranch house was on fire, Wilson's first thought was of the money he had left there. When the Lone Ranger heard Mrs. Wilson speak of Betty, he offered to help. Meanwhile, outside the burning ranch house, a crowd of cowhands were striving hard to put out the fire. A long line was formed to the nearby well, and buckets were passed along with little effect. Yeah, it's getting out of control. Jim said nobody was inside. He went after the boss. Here comes somebody now. Hey, it's Jed Willis from the Triple X. Who?  Where's Wilson? I don't know.  I saw the flames from the trail. Sure is a bad fire, isn't it? Don't know what I can do to help. Oh, here comes the boss now. That's the mother's William. Holy Moses, one of them's mask. Hold on, hold on, hold on. Hi, Chas. Looks like that fire's beyond control. I've got to get him inside. I just have to... Wait, you can't make it, Wilson. Hey, who's the masked man? Never mind him. That fire's all I'm worried about. Men. Men. Has anyone seen Betty? Yeah, no, ma'am, but I don't reckon she's inside. We would have hurt her yelling. She must be around someplace helpful. Oh, I've got to make sure. I'm going to look around, Jed. That bucket brigade isn't doing any good, boss. You just have to stand and watch it burn down, I reckon. No, not me. I'm going inside. Up! My ankle. Later, I'll help you up. Guess I turned my ankle. I can't stand on it. Lean on me. Fire burned plenty hard now. Yeah, no way to save that ranch house now. Oh, look. Listen, everybody. I'll give $5,000 to the one who's into the back bedroom and brings out the bag that's in the cabinet there. $5,000? Wonder what's in that bag. Nobody could risk going in. You might as well forget that bag, Wilson. Nobody's going to risk his life to bring out your money.  I would have gone if I hadn't turned my ankle. You, Jed, will this. You need money. I'll make it $10,000 if you go in after this. Don't attempt it, Willis. Don't worry. I won't. If it's just a bag of money, you're worrying about jazz. Let it burn. Man, not a lie. There's $60,000 in cash in that bag. Six? If you go after it, I'll give you half. It'd be a fool to try it. Come on, tunnel, Dan. I'll go around and help with water on the barn. Ah! How's about it, Jed? See what that would mean to you. All that money. It's too risky, Wilson. I don't want money that bad. It's right. It'd be a fool to go in for any amount. I wouldn't do it. I can tell you. Yes! Don't take on Marcel. I can't find Betty anywhere. Nobody's seen her at all. You mean your daughter? Yes, Mr. Willis. When we left a while ago, she was doing the dishes and she was going to lie down a while. Well, now stop worrying, Martin. Betty's around someplace. She'd have been inside when they heard a yelling perhaps long ago. What's bothering me is that $60,000. Just think of it. $60,000 in cash going up in flames. What are you doing with so much cash in the house, Jed? Hey, boss! I was just talking to the cook around back. He says he's sure that Betty's still inside. She must be overcome by smoke. Jared! Let me go, Ed. My ankle. Get to her, somebody. She'll be killed. No one to get in there now, boss. There's no use trying. The flames are too fierce.  Please, please, somebody do something. I'll go after her, Jess. Let's hope I can make it. I'll get her if it's at all possible. Hey, Jed, Willis is going after her. Yeah, but he wouldn't go for all that money. Oh, he's got to make it. He's just got to save Betty. In the meantime, the Lone Ranger and Tonto, who had gone around to the back of the Burning Ranch House to help, were returning to the front when they saw someone leave the group and run into the Flaming Ranch House. At first, the Lone Ranger thought Jess Wilson had gone in to save his money. Then he saw Mr. Wilson still standing with the group. The Lone Ranger, followed by Tonto, broke into a run and hurried to Wilson. Where in there? Yet, Willis, he wouldn't go for the money. But when he heard Betty was in there. Betty in there? They'll be back. Betty, poor Mr. Willis. Oh, Dad, isn't it terrible? We thought you were trapped inside the house. I keep trying to take a little ride. I saw the flames and smoke them down the trails. And Willis wasn't in there for nothing. A mess, man. There's no time for explaining that now. Jed Willis, such a were trapped inside. He went in after you. Oh, Dad, he'll never get out. He's calling for help. Willis is trapped. I'm going in to try to get him out. No, he didn't mean the death of both of us. I'll take that chance. He'll be lost in that fire too. Oh, Jess!  The front door is the only way out now. No one answered Jim's remark. But they shivered inwardly as they watched the flames creep around the open front door and flare up over the porch roof. It seemed impossible that anyone could escape from such a flaming inferno. Martha Wilson moved her lips in silent prayer. And Jess Wilson stood with drawn face and dry lips, watching and waiting with the rest. Suddenly, an awful sound struck their ears. The main roof is ready to fall in. Oh, that gold is now for sure. Oh, can't bear to look at you, Jess! Look! In the doorway, the masked man's helping Willis. They'll never make it! That roof! Oh, look, wait! They made it! A few minutes later, with the aid of many helping hands, the lone ranger carried the limp form of Jed Willis to a safe place and sat him on the ground. Hey, do you think you'll be all right? He sure had a narrow escape. Well, this has burned a bit. You need attention. Let me help Kimu Sabi. Good. Kimu Sabi, you've had his court blackened by fire. I'm all right. I'll apply a first aid to Willis. He's been overcome with a smoke. Oh, I do hope you'll be all right. I think you will, Mrs. Wilson. I suggest you send a town for a doctor. In the meantime, we'll take Jed Wilson to the bunkhouse. I hope I got him out in time. We'll know in a little while. While the lone ranger worked unceasingly over the unconscious man, Jim was sent hurriedly to town to bring a doctor. Jess Wilson moved a little apart from the others and stood watching. From the expression on his face, no one could tell the thoughts that went through his mind. He remembered how that morning Dan Reed had risked his life to save Betty. And as he thought of the way he had spoken to the boy about it, he felt a strange touch of shame. Then his thoughts went to the money, $60,000 in cash, that was going up in smoke inside the burning ranch house. Yet neither Jed Willis nor the masked man had given it a thought. And this fact was beginning to open Wilson's eyes. He edged away from the others and sought out Dan Reed, who stood a short distance away. Well, hello, Mr. Wilson. Hello, Dana.  Thanks, son. I understand that masked hombre is a friend of yours. Is that so? Yes, sir. You did a mighty brave thing to go in after Jed like that. Mr. Willis was brave, too. I've been thinking your daughter was inside. I know, I know. I tried to get him to go after all that cash, but he wouldn't do it. Then when he thought Betty was in there... Risking your life for money is one thing, sir, but risking it to save one someone is another. You were a mighty wise youngster for your age, son. Thank you, sir. I'm sort of sorry I said the things I did this morning. I hope you forget them. Remember, I'm grateful for what you've done to Betty. I knew you didn't really mean those things you said. Golly, I hope Mr. Willis revives. I guess he swallowed a lot of that smoke. He's just got to revive, Dan. If you don't, I'll have a lot to think about the rest of my life. Yes, sir. I'm hoping mighty strong that your friend's efforts are gonna bring him around. A short time later, the victim was taken into the bunkhouse, and the lone ranger continued to use what knowledge he had to bring Jed Willis to consciousness while the anxious crowd watched breathlessly. Finally, Willis gasped and opened his eyes. You're all right, Willis. You're safe now. Don't thank Ivernies. Come to. I'd have better get a good finder in there. The girl wasn't in there at all, Willis. I told the cook I was going to lie down, Dad, and then I changed my mind suddenly and the girls were a short ride. No, no, it's all right, Betty. Here's the doctor.  I'm all right, Doctor. The Jed Willis needs attention. He's just regained consciousness. I see. Well, those minor burns can be fixed all right. This masked man has been working over, Willis, since he was brought out unconscious. Yes, Doctor. And the masked man is the one who went in after Jed Willis. But it was his first day to save Jed's life after he was brought out of the fire. We know that. I'm all right now. I sure thought I was gone, though, when I got in that burning house and started hunting for Betty. My foot got caught. And if it hadn't been for this masked man... Even though I wasn't in the house, Mr. Willis, the fact that you thought I was and went in to save me is something I'll always remember. Yes. If the stranger hadn't saved you, Jed, I'd never gotten over it. What I can't figure out, Jed, is why you refused to win when you could have had half of that 60,000 that got burned up. But when you were told Betty was inside, you didn't hesitate to win. I should think that would teach you a lesson, Wilson. Jed Willis refused to risk his life for money, as you would have done. But he didn't hesitate to risk it in an effort to save your daughter. Yes, that's right. If Betty had been in there and hadn't been saved, all the money in the world wouldn't have made up for it. And I'd feel the same way about it if you had perished in there, Jed. Yes, sir. I guess that's right, Mother. I had the wrong slant on things, I guess, and on people. I'm glad you realize it. Come, Tutto, Dan's wedding outside. We'll get back to camp. Ah, make up. On the way out here, Jim told me about Jed thinking that Betty was in the burning house and rushing in to save her. He told me how the masked man went in and saved Jed. You know, Doc, between him and Jed Willis, they taught me a lot. It was an expensive lesson, boss. You not only lost the ranch house, but that $60,000 in cash, too. It could have been worse, Jim. Jed, I'm not going to offer you money for what you did. No more than I would the masked man. But any time you need it alone, or I can do anything, just let me know. Thanks, Jed, sir. I'll remember that. Oh, Dad, I'm so glad you found out how wrong you were. You spoke of Dan's friend, the masked man. Now it's easy to see why that boy did what he did this afternoon and the way he acted about it. He had a fine example to follow. He sure did. I found out a few things about that masked hombre. You see, knowing what I know now, I'd expect him to do what he did. Because he's the Lone Ranger. This is a product of the Lone Ranger Incorporated, created and produced by George W. Trendle, directed by Fred Flower Day and edited by Fran Stryker. The part of the Lone Ranger is played by Brace Beamer.


Okay, and now I am going to introduce our keynote speaker, Hermine Hayes Klein, who is a lawyer and an international birth rights lawyer with extensive experience advocating for the human rights of birthing people around the US and internationally. From 2007 to 2012, Hermine taught international law at the Hague University in the Netherlands, where she was also the director of the, how I hope I say this right, Ben Kershoek Institute Research Center for Reproductive Rights. Was that right? Hermine, did I say it right? Yes, you did. Great. And she, during this time, she organized six international conferences on the topic of human rights in childbirth. Since 2017, Hermine has been focused on direct legal advocacy to advance reproductive justice in maternal health care. She's represented midwives in administrative, civil, and criminal legal proceedings and advocated for their right to work with autonomy and security in many states and nations. She also advocates for birthing people who have experienced informed consent violations, research, and obstetric violence during childbirth. So I am going to make Hermine the presenter and she is- Catherine, before you do that, could you please remove that poll? It's showing up on everyone's screen. Wait a second. All right, hold on. Thank you. I'm not seeing it on mine, Lorraine. I think if people just enter, click one of the options, it goes away. That's what I did. Yes, but it will be in the recording. That's the problem, so I want to get rid of it. I don't see it on my screen. Are you seeing it over the slides, Lorraine? Yes, it was over the slides. I clicked on it and it went away, but I just want to- it's okay. We'll just live with it again. Okay. Well, let's see what happens when I make her the presenter. Make a presenter. Okay. I'm not seeing anything over the slides. Me neither. It should be okay. I think it's going to be okay. Good to go. Just go. Yeah. Okay. Well, thank you so much, Catherine, for that introduction. And thanks to the organizers of the conference for giving me this opportunity to come and have the honor of sharing an opening keynote for the Virtual International Day of the Midwife Conference. It really feels very special to come together with this global group of midwives at this moment to talk about quality of care and trauma-informed care, given especially what we, as a global community, have been going through for the last couple of years and some of the intensities that have developed in recent months. I think that a lot of people all over the world are experiencing increased fear, increased sense of alienation and division and anger. And in moments like this, the need that we all have for midwives becomes all the more clear and the power of midwives working together to perpetuate the care that you provide, again, is underscored. You know, in a time when people are feeling frightened and alone, just the power of what you offer, quality midwifery care that makes people feel held, that makes them feel supported in their most vulnerable life moments. It has the ability to sort of stand as a really effective force in the face of all the confusion and other things that people are facing around the world. So it's really an honor to come together in support of all of the good work that you all do and the power that is just part of you coming together for a conference like this. So as Catherine mentioned, I'm an attorney. I gave birth to both of my children with midwives, one midwife in particular in the Netherlands in 2007 and 2010 while I was also living there and I also taught law at The Hague. And through those experiences of giving birth in a relatively excellent maternal health care system that offered, you know, a fully covered postpartum care, for example, and a meaningful choice of where to give birth, whether at home or in a birth center or in the hospital, I came to really sort of study and look at the way that women are treated in childbirth around the world and the way that systems are constructed, in part because the Dutch birth system is so midwife-centered. Midwives are the first line of care for pregnant people, which made me really look at, well, why do we do things the way we do back in the United States and discovered then that the elimination of midwifery in the United States during the 20th century really never had much to do with the needs of pregnant women or babies any more than many of the standards of care that developed in obstetrics like putting women on their backs with their feed-in stirrups never really had much to do with what was helpful for pregnant women and the births of their babies. And so, 10 years ago, shortly before moving back from the Netherlands to America to Oregon with my family, I organized a conference. My first conference related to childbirth on the topic of human rights in childbirth, together with a group of doulas and midwives and activists called the Geburtbeveging in Holland, a group that came together to talk about the patient's rights in childbirth and how systems can be improved. And we really brought together a conference to look at childbirth through the human rights lens and to really look at the ways in which systems are succeeding or failing at fulfilling the obligations that nations hold to uphold the human rights of all people in that nation, including the people who give birth. And that lens has been very, it's been very powerful in the last decade at causing new inquiries to be made into childbirth. The World Health Organization, the United Nations, they have issued reports and investigations into the way that women are treated in childbirth, looking at issues of disrespect and abuse and the mistreatment of birthing people and even at the issues that Latin American activists have identified as obstetric violence. And bringing that rights frame is very important because it helps us to understand, to remember that human rights are non-negotiable and that when a nation makes a commitment to uphold them, they have to be protected absent extraordinary circumstances. And so that gives us a tool to really look at how are maternal health systems operating in a new and effective way. And that includes looking at the right to midwifery care, which has been violated in nations where anticompetitive obstetric behavior or the pursuit of a medical monopoly over maternal health services has led to restrictions on women's access to midwifery care has led to legal insecurity for midwives and their ability to legally and safely practice and independently practice in all settings. The security of midwives is essential to the fulfillment of birthing women's rights to access midwifery care. And maybe this is a good moment to mention that in the course of our talk today, I will talk about women and I will also sometimes talk about birthing people changeably to acknowledge that not all of the people who have uteruses and give birth identify as women and identify as trans men or as birthing people. But at the same time, I also often refer to women because women do give birth, women are among the people who give birth and many of the ways that women are treated in many nations around childbirth as a result of how they are perceived as women by the people who are treating them that way. So it's important to be able to talk about that. But if human rights has sort of offers one lens that we can use to talk about childbirth and the way that we treat women in childbirth and the ability of midwives to practice within maternal health systems, another helpful frame is that of women-centered care or patient-centered care. Because when we talk about women-centered care or patient-centered care, which has become a priority in many health systems and many hospitals talk about their commitments to patient-centered care, it gives us an opportunity to remind those within the system that what that means is that we're committed to moving away from hierarchical relationships between the care providers that are involved with the care of any given patient to relationships between the care team that really centralize the patient as the sort of, as the central agent in their care and as the person at the center of all of the relationships. And so the shift to patient-centered care and women-centered care, which have been proven to result in better outcomes just as Midwifery care does, is a shift from sort of totem pole-based care. I mean, medical institutions and systems have been developed sort of not on like, you know, little military operations, hierarchical systems or corporate operations where there are systems of command and that can result in hierarchical systems in which there's sort of a doctor and maybe there's a midwife below that and a nurse below that and the patient somehow at the bottom of this totem pole, patient-centered care re-orients all of those relationships because it allows the women to be centralized, their needs to be centralized at the heart of the conversation. Okay, it seems that at least one listener has been offended by my acknowledgement of this complexity around trans-languaging in this issue and hopefully we can all stay in the conversation despite different perspectives on that. I think that this is the most important thing is for us to be able to stay in conversation and to this point that women are mistreated because they're perceived as women or because they are women. I mean, I think that both are true. It's true that women are mistreated as women and it's also true that somebody who doesn't necessarily identify as a woman but is giving birth will be mistreated because they are perceived as a woman regardless of their identity and may face additional layers of discrimination because they are not presenting as non-binary or outside of some expected gender presentation. Those issues are real and need to be acknowledged if the human rights of all birthing patients are to be protected and I believe that we can do that without erasing the word woman from the conversation or failing to acknowledge that women are mistreated as women, indeed. So I know that this issue is controversial one but I'd still like to move forward with some of these issues of framing. Woman-centered care gives us a great opportunity to think about different ways of relating to the system but one that I think has developed in the last few years and is another powerful opportunity to ask all that are invested in maternal health systems to think about the ways that they are oriented and the ways that patients are treated is the frame of trauma-informed care. So that's an issue that I would love to discuss with you today. I'll just go to my next slide. So, you know, trauma-informed care, again, is a phrase that is coming more and more into, say, obstetric ground rounds and into healthcare conversations generally and is of tremendous importance in childbirth and maternal health care as many of you know from your direct care of patients. And so as we think about what does trauma-informed care look like in the childbirth space, it's worth pausing for a moment to ask what would be the goals of trauma-informed care? What is trauma-informed care by definition? And trauma-informed care, I mean, what does it mean to be informed around trauma in the provision of care to a patient? It must mean that there's consciousness of an acknowledgement of past trauma, and that can either mean acknowledgement of specific past trauma that is faced by any specific patient or community, but also recognizes and acknowledges that the patient may hold past trauma, that they have not disclosed to their providers, that they feel unable to discuss for whatever reason. The possibility of trauma can give rise to more sensitive care. So trauma-informed care will acknowledge past trauma, and it will also aim to prevent future trauma. Trauma-informed care does not want to add to the problem if there's a past trauma problem based on trauma, and it also is invested in the prevention of future trauma, whether or not there is an existence of past trauma. Something that is helpful to consider in this respect, an idea that was shared with me recently by a trauma counselor working with some women that were experiencing PTSD from the way that they were treated around childbirth was to explain to me that there's a movement in psychiatry, psychology, and talking about trauma from talking about it in terms of PTSD, which is a way that it has commonly been discussed in the past as post-traumatic stress disorder to PTSD or post-traumatic stress injury. And as she explained to me, I know it's helpful because when people carry trauma, they have symptoms, and those symptoms can be lasting, but that does not mean that they are disordered or broken in any permanent way. Trauma is an injury that people experience, and that injury has symptoms, just like other kinds of injuries do, but like other kinds of injury, the injury can heal. And so that's helpful, as she pointed out, it can be very empowering for people, she mentioned firefighters and others who've experienced trauma to be told that it's not, you're not broken, you're not disordered, but you did have an injury that can be acknowledged and that can be healed. But it's also helpful because it recognizes that injuries can be caused by others. Whether people do that intentionally or unintentionally, injuries can be caused, and trauma is an injury that can be imposed and is far too frequently imposed on burning women by the providers who they entrusted to care for them. So let's talk about how that could happen and how you can help prevent it in systems of care within which you work. I mean, I think that there's one of the powerful ways that all of you can contribute to trauma-informed care. Of course, it's not only the way that you relate to your clients. As midwives, you're already at the forefront of trauma-informed care because individualized care is a cornerstone of your work and informed consent is the cornerstone of your work. But you're also part of dialogues within your healthcare communities about maternal healthcare and hopefully, if you're not at the table with your government and your community systems yet, you'll push your way up there and get your voice heard because you can add the perspectives and the knowledge that will otherwise be missing from those conversations and shaping policy. And so that's, you know, in bringing these, helping to advance these conversations within your community about trauma-informed care, it sort of requires reflection, first of all, of the kind, the forms of past trauma that might affect the needs of the client that any given provider is working with at a given moment. You know, one of the values of the recognition of trauma, trauma-informed care, like we said, it recognizes the possibility of past trauma. If you recognize the possibility of past trauma, then you recognize that the way that the client is presenting around, you know, certain medical decisions or issues might be affected or shaped by that past experience that they've had in ways that they haven't had a chance to talk about or might have a difficult time articulating.  I mean, in the United States, the low-ball government estimate for the number of women who have experienced childhood sexual abuse and assault is a third. And, you know, it's probably much higher and it's similar or higher numbers in other nations. So understanding that is going, you know, and if there is space within the care and counter for the recognition of that possibility, then it's going to give rise to more compassion on the part of the provider, more respect for the patient's decision-making process. I mean, very important to informed consent decision-making processes is recognizing that the client has the right to make their decision on the basis of their perspective, not your perspective. And that can be difficult or frustrating for providers when the patient is making decisions that appear irrational to the provider, or if the way that the patient is behaving around the decision-making process appears irrational. But training and trauma and understanding how trauma affects behavior explains a huge amount of that and especially, you know, around encounters that involve touching of intimate parts of the body by strangers, even well-meaning strangers during the time when somebody is feeling extraordinarily vulnerable. The possibility of triggers in an encounter in all of the encounters related to childbirth is significant for anybody who's experienced past sexual abuse. But of course, you know, sexual abuse and assault are only one form of past trauma that can be affecting this encounter. There are community traumas like war and natural disaster and disease and other kinds of issues that communities face around the world as well as, you know, home insecurity, domestic insecurity, et cetera. So trauma-informed care is going to recognize the possibility that all of that is coming into the encounter. And then, you know, once you have that recognition that a trauma that many women are carrying into your childbirth encounter with them is the violation of their right to physical autonomy, their right to respect for their sexual body, then you understand how important it is that in this healthcare encounter, when they have to spread their legs for strangers to let their baby out, that their right to physical autonomy and their right to respect for their sexual body is going to be respected. So, you know, many discussions that I've heard of trauma-informed care that are presented by well-meaning medical professionals have discussed, you know, the importance of talking slowly to the woman or telling her slow why we're going to do this or that, but it's very important to understand that communication is important, is an important part of informed consent, but the most important part of informed consent is consent. And especially understanding that the level of trauma that women have experienced through the violation of consent, you understand how important it is that at this moment when they are coming in at their most vulnerable, they'll never be more vulnerable than when they're in labor and wanting so much for something beautiful to happen to be able to welcome their baby and coming in with so much hope and trust with regard to the providers when their rights to ownership of their body and respect for their body are violated, the result is more trauma.  And I've heard a woman just, I think it was two weeks ago, explained to the head of obstetrics at a hospital where she had been subjected to a forcible vacuum extraction that she had experienced sexual assaults in the past. It was a trauma that she had carried and resolved, but that the trauma that she experienced felt much worse and more of a violation than the sexual assault that she had experienced in the past. And why? And in large part because of the vulnerability and because of the trust and the betrayal of the trust. As Catherine mentioned, I advocate for the right of informed consent and the right to freedom from discrimination to be made meaningful in maternal healthcare with policies and trainings for their protection and with accountability for their violation. And so here in the United States, what we've found is that the only meaningful way to get the hospitals to come to the table and take these claims seriously is through lawsuits, through the filing of lawsuits, because the liability risk is the only risk that they tend to consider meaningful in terms of shaping behavior and practice. And so just an example of the kinds of experiences that lead women to be diagnosed with PTSD following childbirth. And these are just ones on cases that I've worked in or I'm working on now. One involved a nurse that forced a nitrous oxide mask on my client who was a teen mom and the nurse didn't want her making noises and wanted her to be quiet and she wouldn't take the epidural and so she gassed her with nitrous oxide even though one of the most important standards of care for the administration of nitrous oxide is self-administration only. The mask only needed to be held over her face for a short amount of time for her to be permanently traumatized. The use of vacuum and forceps on women without explanation or permission, so there's a blip on the heart screen, everybody runs in, and the women are subjected to these instruments being used between their legs on them with forced violence and sometimes a panicky atmosphere and nobody explains to them why they're doing this, why they want to do this, let alone asks them for permission. That's a violation, I mean of course all of these are violations of the patient's rights. Nobody has the right to do anything to a birthing patient without looking at them in the eyes, telling them what they want to do and why, answering as many questions as they have regarding the risks and alternatives to the thing they want to do and asking the client's permission if they want to proceed with the proposed plan. But as I sometimes say in my discussions on this topic, how much would change in most labor and delivery words if it was really true to everybody in that room that nothing could be done to the birthing patient without looking her in her eyes and getting permission in the way that I just discussed, it would transform the dynamic in that room in many places and if it wouldn't transform the dynamic, if that's what really is already happening at the institution where you work, then you all should congratulate yourself and teach some others how to do that. But in most places, it would be transformative of the dynamic and the reason for that is essentially that there is a significant gap between the law of informed consent and bioethics of informed consent which says very clearly what is supposed to happen before medical decisions are made and the culture of obstetrics in which informed consent is often sort of treated as irrelevant in practice. And in case there's any confusion about whether the presence of the baby means that pregnant women or birthing people lose their constitutional and human right to physical autonomy and medical decision making, they do not. And the European Court of Human Rights has made that clear in a case of Kona Volova versus Russia. The American College of Obigynes has made that clear in statements by its ethics committees on maternal decision making and refusal of medically recommended treatment. Even if the doctor or the midwife thinks the baby is going to die as a result of the woman's decision, they must support her right to make the decision about her body throughout the birth process. And one reason why that's so important is that doctors are often wrong in thinking that the baby's about to die. The electronic fetal monitor is often wrong in predicting fetal distress. And so understanding the limitations of the provider's ability to actually predict what's going to happen again can grant a little bit more humility and more compassion in that consent process to avoid situations that result in the kinds of trauma that far too many birthing people are carrying around after childbirth. But trauma-informed care in order to be effective and make meaningful change has to recognize the trauma of all involved and how the trauma of all involved in the healthcare encounter can contribute to more trauma for all involved because the birthing patients are not the only people whose trauma and past trauma and potential future trauma are relevant to this encounter and playing out in this encounter. So, again, back to that systems perspective, as you're working with your own community system to help care to become more trauma-informed, that's got to involve a system-wide commitment to acknowledging and treating providers' own trauma injuries. And that involves, you know, as I'm sure many of you have experienced or witnessed in other providers, providers can have had themselves a frightening experience, say, with a neonatal death or some catastrophic outcome in childbirth. And with that being unresolved emotionally, they're then bringing that, their fears around that into new encounters with new patients in ways that are not entirely rational and that can cause them to be more bullying, more forceful than they would be if they had been able to really process what happened in some other patient, you know, situation and some other case. You know, burnout, exhaustion, compassion exhaustion, you know, all providers are working in stress systems the last couple years in many different ways, even if you're an independent homebirth midwife, the stress on that system has been affecting you. And so, recognizing the ways in which the stress and strain on the system, on its resources and on the providers themselves impact their ability to relate to clients in respectful ways is critical. And also constructing those patient encounters in ways that allow for the providers to be able to provide care that respects the human rights of their clients. You know, in order, as you know, as midwives, in order to give birth, mammals need to feel safe. And in order for those mammals to feel safe giving birth, the people around them need to feel safe and relaxed enough for that mammal to be able to relax herself and give birth. That fact really underscores the fact that our systems need to allow for the well-being and the mental health of everybody involved in the system.  The stronger you are within a system, the more humanized the care provided to birthing people is. The more woman-centered the care provided with that in that system is. The more individualized and rights-respecting it is. Through your rediscovery of how physiological birth works in the last 50 years, you have transformed what is possible and what both providers and patients within these systems understood to be possible. And you are still doing that. You are continuing to evolve maternal health care everywhere to systems that are humanized, that understand and support physiology while providing emergency obstetrics when appropriate.  You can and must lead on this piece. You cannot wait for the medical providers to do so because you are the leaders in understanding the holistic picture on childbirth and how the psychological well-being of that mother affects how her pregnancy goes, affects how her labor goes, affects postpartum, and affects the well-being of her families. And, you know, again, as you work within your systems to challenge some of these dysfunctions, I think it's worth reflecting on the fact, you know, often when we hear about the abuse of women, the C-section pandemic, or whatever else is going wrong within maternal health systems that abuse patients, we hear excuses that are really about system dysfunction, like, oh, well, there's a liability crisis. So that's why we have a 30-plus percent C-section rate.  But what's worth noticing is that what's being said here is, well, we've got, say, a liability crisis, so, therefore, that woman gets to have a surgery that she doesn't need, that quintriples her risk of dying and that quintriples her baby's risk of dying. That's not acceptable because what we're saying there, when we accept those kinds of excuses, is that it's acceptable to violate the human rights of birthing people in the face of seemingly intractable system dysfunction. But again, the human rights frame offers us the possibility to remember that human rights are non-negotiable. If we commit to respect for your ownership over your body and that you own your body in all situations, including healthcare encounters, then we have to take the violation of that human right off the table as an acceptable solution to whatever system dysfunction is present. So instead of letting the fallout of your system dysfunction always rest on the body of the birthing women, always end up increasing their risks and their trauma, we can commit to their human rights and say, given that we have committed to systems that are nonviolent, that uphold every patient's rights to be the captain of the ship and make the decisions about their care and that are non-discriminatory, then we're going to recognize that if this system dysfunction or that system dysfunction is preventing us from doing that, the only solution we have is to address the system dysfunction and end it because we're not going to accept a solution that violates the human rights of birthing women and that perpetuates that dysfunction.  I know that you as midwives can't stand up for them, but they also need you to stand up with them and to help drive those system changes that make those rights a reality. So thank you all of you for your commitment to this work that you do as you do all over the world to serve your communities and offer humanized support for physiological birth and emergency obstetric services to the people who need you there. So thank you again. I'm honored to have a chance to speak with you today and I'd love to hear what y'all want to talk about. Thank you. Very important, many important concepts there. And what questions do we have for Hermine regarding her work and the thoughts she has shared with us? Celine says that it's inspiring. Marguerite, that it's powerful. Susan Rachel. Oh, shares that. The topic was the foundation of her doctoral research. So great. I have to go to another room. I appreciate you so much. Stay in the fight. Maybe I'll respond to Paolo's question here regarding obstetric violence and whether that's an issue in Latin America. I think, no, it's not only an issue in Latin America. The naming of obstetric violence came out of Latin America. I think, you know, really, in the last 10 to 15 years, activists in, let's see, Argentina, Venezuela, Mexico and other, yeah, Latin American nations came together to pass laws in different nations, naming the abuse of women during childbirth as obstetric violence and trying to create different avenues of legal redress for dealing with it. And the concept of obstetric violence has been taken up by activists all over the world and is, you know, now, it went from being, I'd say, 10 years ago when I started this work, there was really a radical phrase that was being used, but again, what's important to notice is that obstetric violence is the phrase that the women themselves use to describe their experience, as opposed to the mistreatment of women or disrespect and abuse, which are phrases that came out of more policy-level analyses from international NGOs and stuff like this. Obstetric violence has really been picked up by women's groups and now has evolved to the point that you now have the United Nations and the United Nations naming and acknowledging that as an issue that needs to be addressed in maternal health care because it's an issue anywhere that sort of power over dynamics are used to abuse women around childbirth. So that's a good point in terms of resources as more and more organizations are recognizing the issue and developing policy statements on it. But Susania Jevitt would like to know what you think are the most important tools for bringing physicians and hospitals away from their fear of liability. I'm sure as a lawyer you'd love to address this one. I would. So I mean, I think first of all I can say that there is an extensive body of research law and economics and other kinds of research that have looked into the question of whether liability or liability crisis are in fact the driving factors for for example the c-section pandemic and what those studies have shown is that it's not actually so much about fear of liability. That's more of a cultural story within obstetrics that it's more about financial incentives and time convenience incentives that are then sort of maybe happening on an unconscious level and that get sort of covered up with a fear of liability and so that that data is valuable in bringing to those conversations but I'd say the most important tool is what I said at the end which is we hear you about your liability crisis and your fears around this but let's talk about what we're talking about here. You're telling me that your liability crisis is going to make you make her strapped to an electronic fetal monitor that we know massively increases her risk of having a c-section that she doesn't need and doesn't actually offer any benefit measurable benefit for her and her baby and our position is that she has the right to that information and to decide whether she wants to use that monitor as opposed to intermittent monitoring for example or whatever it is that's at stake in the liability conversation if you just bring it back to I understand your fear but we don't get to increase risks for patients based on liability fears and we don't get to violate their patient rights based on liability fears like we can deal with the liability fear but neither of those are acceptable solutions to the fear because really pin them down on this. What you're saying when you say my fear of liability made me push her into a caesarean that I don't really think she needs is that I just increased her risk of dying and her baby's risk of dying because I'm afraid my liability premium might go up. That's privileging a financial again ultimately a liability fear is a financial incentive because that's what's at stake around that so you're privileging a financial incentive over a mortality risk and that's unacceptable so your most powerful tool in addressing this is to like bring it back to what are we actually talking about here good point good very good point I want to scoot back a little bit to a comment during your talk in fact the first one that I mean just if you could clarify because somebody was upset that you mentioned the oppression is because they're perceived as women but that it's actually because there are women so can you clarify whether it's perception or actual a lot of controversy within the you know western birth activist community around like languaging and talking about childbirth and with regard to the inclusion of people who do not like non-binary who do not have a binary gender identification and so you know it's been very important to some people within the birth community that conversations around about childbirth and the people who give birth includes the word people to acknowledge that some of the people who give birth do not themselves want to be called women and that that is just part of the individual situation that they bring to this conversation that needs to be recognized and then there have been others who feel like some of the discourse around this issue of saying birthing people has gotten to the point where they might offend somebody if they refer to birthing women because then people feel that they're automatically excluding the people who don't identify as women I think that a way that you know it's a tricky thing to navigate because it's important for everybody to feel represented and included in a conversation about human rights and all I can do is explain my relationship to the topic which is to both attempt to recognize that there are people who give birth who do not identify as women and to also continue to talk about birthing women with female pronouns because many of the people who are giving birth do identify with those pronouns and also because the issues that I am addressing legally are about gender discrimination and so they are about the mistreatment of women as women and so I think that what Nikki wrote above was women are oppressed because they are women not just because they are perceived as women and again I would just say it's probably both the vast majority of time it's probably as simple as just because they are women and because the person sees that they are women but I think in the case of trans people giving birth you know whose experiences also matter it can be that they are perceived as women and they are being mistreated because they are perceived as women even if they don't perceive themselves as a woman or because they are perceived as a woman and subject to discrimination against them for being a trans person what I have learned about discrimination in my last 10 years of fighting for people's right to non-discrimination in childbirth is that sex discrimination is like a baseline level of discrimination that is driving the fact for example that informed consent is ignored in the culture of obstetrics childbirth is still basically in a pre-feminist state but beyond that I have learned that for every layer of additional discrimination that is projected onto the body of the birthing person by the people who she has entrusted to care for her at this vulnerable time she is more likely to be disrespected and abused her voice is less likely to be heard she is more likely to die in childbirth and she is more likely to see her baby die in childbirth this is why we see one of the reasons why we see mortality disparities for historically marginalized groups all over the world is because again layers of discrimination being projected onto the body of the birthing person discrimination against trans people is just one form that discrimination can take in childbirth that has been considered relevant to the birthing community thank you so much for clarifying and for your very powerful presentation


What's up everybody jcm for jazby's case breaks calm 2019 20 penini prism cello one pack break number 64 random teams Just sold out. This is to win seven spots in our 13 box slam dunk mixer where you're getting a chance to get a tray young Choice auto and again, I'm showing you guys the item page guys remember this is number 64 number 65 is in the store That's our last seven spots in the mixer hiding in there, but again. This is number 64 And again the way this break works randomize customer names and teams open up the pack Just remember no veteran base card ship and at the end of the break randomize the customer names again in a separate dice roll and Top seven out of the 30 get a spot each in the slam dunk mixer So there you go guys remember does number 64. Let's get a roll and let's roll the dice and we got a four and a five nine times Good look Joe down adjust one two three four five six seven eight and nine nine times Thomas are ten adjacent. There you go nine times Hawks down to the wizards one two three four five six seven eight nine nine times Celtics down to the Toronto Raptors Tom's with the Celtics Matthew the hogs Rob You have the pistons Rob Mancini that is pissed Joe with the Clippers It's with the Pacers Derek with the Bulls Anthony the cows Stephen with the Hornets Aaron As with the Nets Rob, you have the Rockets Riggie with the Nuggets Matthew You have the Pelicans TJ with the Bucks Josh with the Suns Jesse with the Wars Justin with the Knicks Johnny with the 76ers Rob You have the Thunder Jeff with the Jazz Derek E with the Wizards Colin with the Heat Johnny with the T was AC of the Grizzly Cedric With the Kings Ryan with the Blazers Aaron as with the Lakers Colin with the Magic Nicholas with the Mavericks Derek with the Spurs Jason with the Raptors So as quick 30 seconds to make any trades, but if not want to close it and we're both in this quick pack and we're randomized customer names again and Customers top seven get a spot each in the mixer. No one's gonna trade Oh The limonada Someone speak Spanish All right, good luck guys Justin James and Brutal Kobe white rookie and Joe Engels Derek with the Bulls. I actually ended up seeing the last dance super late yesterday guys when I got home It's such a great two two episodes, right? Damn did imagine guys just speaking of that some time basketball imagine it now today Someone went up to the coach and says, you know what? I need a vacation in the middle of the season So then you go Vegas I was crazy Dennis Robert. I was a crazy episode All right, there you go Quick pack break now. Let's quickly switch scenes and again remember top seven Get a spot each in the mixer after three times two and a one one two and three Three times. Oh, I know man. He was chill. I didn't even know he dated Carmichael I mean I was I was actually like a baby in the 90s. So I wouldn't really know but I know who Carmichael is I Ryan you're in Colin you're in Matthew you're in Johnny you're in Nicholas you're in Derek you're in and Johnny look at that Top seven There you go. Congratulations guys. You guys are now all in the mixer Jasper's case breaks calm again another seven spots have been given away number 65 And that's our last cello pack to unlock the break plus. I think a couple spots left over straight up Appreciate it guys


From the start, we knew that pairing Kubernetes with OpenShift would mean great things for the open source community, but also for our customers. And I'm proud to say that Red Hat has not only embraced Kubernetes, we've built the leading enterprise solution around it. So what does that look like? Our new ebook answers some key questions that you may have. This ebook is for anyone that's interested in Kubernetes and containers, and what it can mean for their environment. So it's not just for technical users, it's also for business users who are looking to adopt this technology and understand how it can enable a hybrid cloud strategy. I get asked that question a lot. OpenShift is not only Kubernetes, it's the best form of Kubernetes. OpenShift provides an enterprise Kubernetes solution that can support both traditional and cloud-native applications, but also can support those applications across any environment that you want to run them in, whether that's your data center, any of the public clouds, or out at the edge. But OpenShift is more than just Kubernetes because you need more than Kubernetes to run an enterprise Kubernetes platform. OpenShift includes Red Hat Enterprise Linux as the foundation for our Kubernetes platform. It includes cluster infrastructure to support networking, storage, logging, monitoring, and more, so that you have a complete solution to run and manage containers. And that includes application and developer tools to integrate OpenShift into your CI-CD processes and to enable a DevOps approach to delivering applications and accelerating the deployment process. So I've often talked about the best OpenShift deployments are when customers don't even know the product is there, because it just melt into the background. It becomes part of how they build and deploy and manage their applications. So the features that I appreciate the most are features that allow developers to really engage and get the benefits of OpenShift, because it's so well integrated into how they're building applications, how they're doing CI and CD, and really managing applications across all of their different environments. OpenShift is used by enterprise customers around the world in every industry vertical. From Amsterdam Airport to ExxonMobil to Deutsche Bank to HCA Healthcare, OpenShift is helping customers like these run their most critical applications today. Our goal is to help you unlock the full potential of Kubernetes to transform your own business.


transcribed the mutual broadcasting system in cooperation with family theater incorporated presents the little-law shepherd starring Rory Calhoun Kathy O'Donnell and Gary Gray Vivian Blaine is your hostess more things are wrought by prayer than this world dreams of we all know the idea behind family theater it is simply that we believe a happy family is one of the greatest blessings that we can have a happy family does things together works has fun and prays together yes and prays together but we also believe that just as nothing can take the place of the family nothing can take the place of family prayer for family prayer can help bring a family close together can help keep that family together the best time for the family prayer is right after dinner while you are all at the table even if it's only one little simple prayer pray every night for a family that prays together stays together Vivian Blaine returns following tonight's family theater story the little-law shepherd starring Kathy O'Donnell Rory Calhoun and Gary Gray Robert and Mitchell Carver Jr. have read this petition and you are acquainted with the facts of the law as it applies to this case yes your honor yes your honor this was the day I had waited for a day that really started over a year ago it was a kind of a spring day that makes you think of Creole and pole and trout on a hook so I canceled all my appointments besides the lawyer has to keep up on his fishing I was cutting across the fields adjacent to father Ronaldo's acres about a hundred yards from the stream when I first heard the most agonizing sobbing ever to rip out of a throat it was a boy a pitiful little boy not more than seven or eight what's the matter son you heard no here now wait a minute it can't be as bad as that leave me alone now crying and running away never helps anything I'm a lawyer you know I'm pretty good at fixing things up can't fix this nobody can't I'm not ever going back oh are you one of father and all those boys yes I'm not going back I see well maybe you do have a case what do you say we sit down and talk about I've been to say he gave her away she wasn't even two years old but he gave her away he gave my baby away now don't cry son don't cry I held this skinny little body against mine while he cried his heart out it would have been cruel taking him back when he felt like that so after he quieted down we talked a while and then I took him fishing with I'm glad you're back Tommy you were worried about I'm sorry father Ronaldo I shouldn't have kept them so long but well there's something about sitting beside a trout stream that sort of dissolves one's trouble yes I know mr. Carver did you catch any time to father hmm big ones too we'll add them for supper take them into the kitchen will you Tom yes father thanks for taking him fishing we don't get to do half what he'd like to do for the kids oh I enjoyed it more than he did probably he's naturally pretty broken up about his sister being adopted it wasn't his sister mr. Carver but he said I know his baby it's happened several times now poor Tommy you want so much to be a part of a real family and he's not likely to he's 8 and not much to look at but why was he so upset about the baby I suppose the psychologist would say he's trying to create a family for himself to compensate always sits the infants he attaches himself to the babies he waters over them herds them like a little shepherd he's the only child we have who came to us with no identity no identity he was abandoned in the church we don't know who he is or where they came from it was on st. Michael's day so we named him Thomas Christopher Michael no identity I knew then if I had known it before I had to have them because you see I don't know who I am either that is not who I really adopted eight-year-old boy but darling we haven't been married six months I want my own children I want a family of my own so do I win and we will have but this is different look when why don't you let me bring him home I know you'll like him and he'll love you you need someone so badly darling I know how you feel about adoption and I admire you for it but why hasn't he been adopted something wrong with the child there's nothing so wrong that a little love and understanding couldn't fix he's just like a voter drift without sales he's got to find a port couldn't we just help him why do we have to take him because he doesn't know who he is or where he came from when don't you understand he's me me 30 years ago I owe it to a child you never so until today no to a half-starved little wave wandering around in the alleys of Brussels in 1918 and to a red-headed yank who after fighting a war fathers way through barrels of red tape to take me home with me it's not fair of you to bring up that kind of an argument your father was wonderful to you but you have to admit he did take a chance sure he took a chance that's a kind of a man he was I will not take this childhood I couldn't do it wholeheartedly he'll always be an outsider he'll always feel the difference between our children and himself I don't feel what we made him feel and that's all maybe we were young I was almost eight when my father gave me a mother and she wasn't still is the best mother anyone ever had if we knew something about his parents or what kind of people they were what his background was my father didn't ask if I were French or Belgian or German or that's different he was just always three years old and hungry I can't take a bitch I can't no I I guess you can't I don't know why I even thought you could oh you can afford the luxury of prejudice when you can trace your family tree back for generations but my life started in an alley in Brussels I don't know what I am so I can't afford to hate anything or anybody and I thank God for that it was the first time we'd quarrel we made it up of course we both said we were sorry but that didn't wash it away I didn't blame her her life had been so different from mine she was used to guarantees like sterling on silver but I couldn't get Tommy's face out of my mind and I couldn't keep away from the meeting oh hello mr. Gala you're getting be quite a steady visitor don't get up father and all oh where's Tommy take the name fishing and game yes if it's all right with you Tommy is getting quite attached to you I know and I wouldn't want to get her if you can't find a place for me in your life it might be better if you didn't see them so much I know father I'm trying trying to work it out you see Mrs. Carver is well I'll work it out somehow pull them in pull them in steady boy easy that's it here just a second I'll take it hey she's a beauty gosh that makes three this afternoon you're getting to be quite a fisherman you know this is kind of different when I'm with you how do you mean different Tommy it's kind of hard to explain mr. Carver but why don't you call me Mitch well if you ever lay on a grass like this and look up at those big white clouds sure Tommy lots of times and and kind of wonder where they're going and then you shut your eyes real tight like this you can't see anymore only you can still see them on the inside of your eyes they call that daydreaming Tommy is that wrong no only sometimes daydreams I miss leading Mitch have you got a boy no I I haven't I shut my eyes real tight then but I could still see Tommy's face on the inside of my eyes when this is Tommy I brought him home how do you do Mrs. Carver would you like some milk Tommy or some cookies no thank you ma'am sure he'd like some cookies go out to the kitchen Tommy right through that door make yourself right at home all right you shouldn't have done it not today when I thought if you just saw him you'd change your mind I'm going to have a baby a baby darling that's wonderful my Tommy will be pleased as punch oh darling don't cry you feel all right I feel miserable maybe better lie down how can you misunderstand me so completely I don't want to adopt a child I never did and now today can't you see how impossible it is now you'll have to take him back Mitch he can't stay here I can't take him back why can't you because I promised him well explain to him that it isn't possible now you don't understand when I promised him I told you I didn't believe in adoption and you brought him home anyway I tell you I'm going to have a baby and what do you say if he I'm gonna be a father or you've made me the happiest man in the world no you just say Tommy you'll be tickled when wait when please I don't know if Tommy heard it out in the kitchen or not but in the end she said he could stay a while she said she'd try and she did try she fixed up a nice room for me she even helped him with his homework she was everything to him everything except her mother Tommy you better do your homework now I could help you with I can manage them you sure makes well pudding why thank you if you want to sit down and knit something for the baby I could wash the dishes I promise I wouldn't break any Tommy at 7 30 if you expect to get any homework done it went on like that the boy trying to hide and win not hard enough the situation was becoming more and more tense but there was one person who might be able to help me so I went to see her I've been thinking about you all day hi mom well how's that big family of yours coming along oh fine when Sansa love how's she feeling great just great all right what's troubling you I never can fool you can I mom it's the boy isn't it yes mom I don't know what I'm going to do when fights at all the time she won't let herself love Tom but you said she was trying oh she tries in her way I was so sure it would work out because it worked out for me and you mom you were wonderful you love me right from the beginning why can't win be like you son I never told anybody this before not even your father I tell you now because it may help you to understand when Mitch I I didn't love you not in the beginning not at first that took time never suspected I never meant you to well I guess that's that there goes my balloon wait Mitch there's more to it than that have you ever wondered why people say you look like me you don't not really but when people live in happiness a long time something in them gets to be alike love does that I see come here son your tires crooked again thanks mom for everything I was more patient with when after that and I kept hoping but I had a lot of problems on my mind when and the new baby and Tommy and those adoption papers I hadn't been out to see father and all the room quite a while when I received this message Mitch how does Mrs. Carver feel about Tommy now as the feeling change oh yes it's much no not really perhaps you'd better send Tommy back to me oh no no I I couldn't do that it wouldn't be right at a time like this you must consider the happiness of your wife well give me a little time father I I know the work it's got to remember Mitch you cannot break a family to make the law gives you a trial period of one year eight and a half months have run through I think it would be kinder to all concerned if Tommy want to come back now push it right let me think about it for a few days that night was a lie with thoughts of I lay in bed my eyes wide open in a dark are you awake Mitch yes I'm sorry I never wanted to let you down I honestly tried I'm gonna take him back tomorrow have you told him no I'll tell him in the morning oh no Mitch let him stay I'll try harder I know what it means to you and that's not enough man he's got to mean the same to you too I'm sorry honey there's a terrible thing a small boy's right echoing in a dark I diced down the hall he was sitting up in bed the cover still gone over his head he was trembling so violently that whole bed seemed to shake I pulled the covers away talking to him all the while softly I didn't want to startle him any worse gradually I woke him out of the nightmare now now Tommy it's all right what was it Tommy what frightened oh Mitch don't let them take me away take you away who all of them they're gonna take me away I don't want to go I told them but they made me no no no Tommy relax it was just a dream don't go away I'll dream it again stay here with me Mitch please I'm afraid you don't want ever to be afraid there's nothing to be afraid of you wouldn't let anything hurt me would no not if I could help I don't know why was such a scary cat dream like that you would never let them take me away I turned away from the trust in those simple eyes went back to bed poor little kid I tried not to think about anything I had an important case tomorrow I couldn't afford to be distracted sure force of habit must have put me to sleep but I slept fit for the dreaming confused dreams I woke with a headache I was late rushed out the front door when and Tommy were upstairs and I hadn't said a word to him about sending him back the pajamas Tommy oh I forgot I'm sorry yes Mrs. Carver I hung up at the towels in the bathroom that's fine and I cleaned me on my ears my finger nails I'll go down now and put up your lunge spread up your bed and then you hurry down you'll be late for school no ma'am I won't maybe you'd better let me carry that laundry downstairs for you never mind I'll get you a pillow off the couch you're not supposed to move now don't try to one bit promise me please promise me you won't move my pack you're gonna be all right don't you worry I'll go get the doctor you're gonna be all right mother honest you are I was in court when the hospital called my office it took quite a while to reach me they said she'd fallen that's all they said and I was half crazy with worry by the time I got to the hospital Tommy I know where is she now in there the doctor took her in there it's been a long time Mitch why don't they come out don't worry I can't help it she was crying we sat there two people who loved her and waited that's all we could do when the doctor came out of the door I was afraid to ask him all right both of your girls are all right the fall didn't both of my girls yes six pounds two ounces and your wife's all right oh she'll have to stay in bed a little longer than usual maybe but she'll be all right you want to see her yes yes I'd like to write in through that door oh when I was so afraid he was wonderful to me he's a good doctor no I meant Tommy he was frightened but he acted so grown up took care of me like I was calling Tommy Mrs. Carver wants to see you hello Tommy are you all right I'm sure glad why did you call me Mrs. Carver that isn't what you called me after I fell down the stairs is it Tommy no do you remember what you called me mother tonight's story about a young man a family and love recalls one of the finest bits of inspiration I know the prayer of st. Francis Lord make me an instrument of thy peace where there is hatred let me so love where there is injury pardon where there is doubt faith where there is despair hope where there is darkness light and where there is sadness joy oh divine master grant that I may not so much seek to be consoled as to console to be understood as to understand to be loved as to love for it is in giving that we receive it is in pardoning that we are pardoned and it is in dying that we are born to eternal life think what it would mean if every one of us took this prayer to heart a world of prayer is a world at peace this is Vivian Blaine saying good night and God bless you our thanks to Rory Calhoun Kathy O'Donnell and Gary Gray for their performances this evening our thanks to John and Gwen Bagney for writing tonight's play and to Max Tehr for his music this production of family theater and corporate it was directed by David Young tonight's cast included Pedro de Cordova Janet Scott Norman Field and Whitfield Connor next week our family theater star will be Jimmy Durante in Mr. Carousel your hostess will be Jeanette McDonald this series of the family theater broadcasts is made possible by the thousands of you who felt in need for this kind of program and for the mutual broadcasting system which is responded to this need this feature was produced and transgrad earlier in Hollywood Tony Loprano speaking this is the mutual broadcasting system


His job is to make the owner's money, okay? Well, in that sense, wait a minute. Okay, but if he continues to make the owner's money and the franchise's evaluations are going through the roof, the sport is worth 10 to 11 bills. Not because of him, but he's the guy on, that's his job. He's not losing that money. But what has he done wrong? All right, this has been bad, but the owners are gonna get together and fire him. I don't see it. I'm just telling you how I'd feel. I don't, in essence, you're right. His job is to protect the owners, but outwardly, his job is to protect that shield. He's the commissioner of Major League Baseball, and he has embarrassed the game of baseball. And can we stop with, oh, Roger Goodell makes billions of dollars for the NFL? I would love to be able to sell a network on the NFL. All right? I'm not saying Roger Goodell is as smart as I am or anything. Of course, he's a lot smarter than me, but the point is he's selling the NFL. He's selling ratings, okay? He's got the ability to sell a sport that is at least the second most popular sport in the country. So stop, I'm sure somebody else can do that job, and they would have done a better investigation and it handled the situation better. I just don't think that you judge everybody by their worst moment, and this is not a proud time for a man, Fred. I get it, but it is not destroying a sport. I told you last week, I believe it's gonna help the sport this year. It's gonna make every Astro Road game and that's not how you want to do it. It doesn't matter. But because that'll eventually go away and it's gonna further embarrass baseball when they're making these exciting games where they're throwing at Astros and in essence, the players that they had thrown at will get more of a punishment than the Astros will. And in essence, baseball will be protecting the Houston Astros throughout the 2020 season where if you breathe on them wrong, you're gonna get thrown out of games or get suspended yourself. I personally don't think he should be fired. I think he's done a lot of good things for baseball. I think he's thinking outside the box. The Marlin thing was an embarrassment and the way he handled the Marlin thing was embarrassing too when he went on Lebatard and got attacked by Lebatard and could not handle himself. So I'm sorry for sitting there and talking about him doing a great job. I don't think he's done a great job. He's done some good, but the bad he's done could do irreparable damage to this sport. I think the sport is stronger than that, but I hear what you're saying. It was strong, you know, it was stronger than what? But when Bud Selig was buffooning around, the sport was strong. And Bud Selig made the Hall of Fame. So you're saying he buffooning around. Obviously somebody thought he belonged in the Hall of Fame. You couldn't tell me that there was a huge disconnect with the game and the growth of the game. But Bud Selig was the commissioner. But your idealistic view of what a commissioner is is different than their real job. Bud Selig increased franchise values and they kept making money. And it's not like football. And would you consider him, would you consider Bud Selig was a great commissioner? I think he did a lot of good things. I think, you know, there were a lot of good things. Nixon did a lot of good things and he had to resign. You know what, but I think that Nixon was a good president. I'm sorry, I do. Right, but a good president that still had to resign. I get it, but I don't think that this falls under Manfred having to. But you know what Manfred has to resign? When Jerry Weinsdorf picks up the phone call and says, you know what, you got to go. And I would not be saying, and you're right, and I'm not saying he should volunteer his resignation because he's a lot of things he can do to try to save it. I'm just saying if I was an owner and you put it to a vote now, if I got a phone call from, but I would say go. And you know what, if he starts losing the owners, he might, Michael, because who's employees, all these players that are upset. And why are these players are upset? Because some of them felt like they were robbed of championships. You don't think the Steinbrenners are red hot right now? Now they'll play ball because they're professional, but don't you think that how, especially Hank, is in red hot that they might have missed an opportunity? I'm sure. I'm winning a championship. You don't think the Dodgers ownership and everybody in that division. But did they miss the championship because of Rob Manfred or because the Astros cheated? Well, but they, no, because the Astros cheated and got away with it. And then you have the audacity as the commissioner to tell us that these were stringent, that these were tough penalties that he handed down. Come on, no way. Now let's take a brief timeout, come back, more phone calls.


So there's a few ways to know if someone is a right fit for you in some sort of relationship, whether that's a romantic relationship, a friendship, a roommate, a job, a boss. Whether you have a five-minute or a five-hour phone call with this person, how are you feeling after? Do you feel lighter, happier, appreciated, loved, valued, understood? Or do you feel sad or frustrated or annoyed or angry or anxious? It all comes back to, well, what do you want out of these specific relationships?


Hi everybody, I'm Jen, as Jason said. I'm the content manager for opensource.com and I'm here to tell you how we're building the site to be a premier open source storytelling platform. So first I want to start out with just a little shot of our homepage and it was up a little bit ago so just to get an idea of what the site looks like if you haven't seen it before. So a little bit of history in 2010 opensource.com got started as a platform supported by Red Hat as a way to tell the stories of people all over the world who are using open source. So what does it mean to use open source? A business might use open source software tools to get work done, government groups might use open data to create apps the public can use and scientific institutions might publish their research in the open so that the public can use that research and then also other researchers can build upon that research. So open source can also be applied as a methodology in any field and this is something that we call the open source way. The open source way is these bullet points on this beautiful little sign here. Openness, transparency, collaboration, meritocracy and rapid prototyping. And so opensource.com is focused on telling the stories about people using open source software but also open source beyond software. An example of that is a story that we covered earlier this year about a group of a group creating designs for hand-like appendages made of 3D printed parts to be attached to an arm or wrist of someone who is missing a hand giving them the ability to grasp objects. The revolutionary thing about this innovation is that the design is free to download by anyone. So people all over the world are taking these designs and creating these hands like this one in the picture in their garage for their kids or the loved ones or their friends. And so to me you know lives are truly being changed by something like open design. So at opensource.com we ask ourselves why do we tell these stories? I work with writers every day who share with us how open source is or how they're using open source to do things differently. So whether we're talking about software to get work done, low-cost hardware that allows a person or group to improve their life or a methodology for operating a business or executing a project, open source is a better way to live and work. So we feel like we're doing something right at opensource.com and I got started with opensource.com in the summer of 2012 and at that time we were publishing two articles a day and we were garnering over 122,000 page views a month. Today we're publishing three to four articles a day and we're getting over 400,000 page views a month. So the reason that I brought that up is because I believe that the reason for our success is because we're doing an essential job of being a storyteller for our community. I learned pretty quickly how much effort goes into finding quality stories, editing and publishing these stories and it's really exciting work because I can see that it represents a real shift in business, government, education, healthcare, law and other areas of life. We also strive to educate people outside of the open source community, people who don't know what open source is. So our team focuses some of our efforts on information pages like what is open source and what is open stack. Another effort to educate people who may be new to open source is a series that we call Beginners to Open Source and we cover we basically these are collections of articles by various authors on open source alternatives to proprietary tools as well as how to guys on getting started with open source projects as well as many other things for getting started. So another series for getting people involved is around open source conferences like the All Things Open conference coming up. We contact an interview 10 to 20 people who are going to be speaking at the conference and they tell us a little bit about the work that they're currently working on so this provides them with another platform and our readers with valuable information. We have many more resources on the site but I want to talk a little bit about our community moderator program before I go. These guys are volunteers, they are open source enthusiasts and they work in many different fields from libraries to academics to government and some of them are here tonight as we noticed them earlier and speaking at the conference. So our moderators have a minimum of one year commitment to support the growth and success of opensource.com and they do that through authorship content creation and invaluable feedback. We have a weekly call with them where we share issues get their insight and find out what they're working on. Long story short they support and serve the site in a really big way and we are ever thankful for their participation and effort to help us be the storytellers that we strive to be in the community. So thanks for listening and if you want to get involved here's some ways that you can do that. Thanks.