Cerebellar ataxia, CA, is a disorder characterized by impaired coordination of movements due to damage or malfunctioning of the cerebellum. This condition can affect eye, speech, trunk, and limb movements, and conventional machine learning approaches have been used to objectively diagnose and quantify the severity of CA. However, these approaches require large data sets and raise privacy concerns. To address these issues, we propose an image transformation-based approach using federated learning to diagnose CA. Our method uses motion capture sensor data collected from four different clinics, which is transformed into three visual features, recurrence plot, mel-spectrogram, and Poirier plot, and then fed into a MobileNet V2 model. Experiments show that our approach achieves higher accuracy than other methods, while also protecting patient privacy. This article was authored by Tang No, Dinh, Singh, Nguyen, Pobudu, and Patherana, and others. We are article.tv. Links in the description below.


Today here in Antarctica, we have started a scientific campaign aimed at identifying the real dimension of the problem of microplastic pollution, which is affecting the entire world and also the pristine Antarctic environment. We'll be able, using nuclear science, to characterize, to count and to analyze these plastics, to understand the origin of this micro particle. If it's coming from the closest, if it's coming from the plastic bottle, etc.


All right. Well, it is after three. So I want to be mindful of everyone's time. My name is Shelly Reed. I'm here at LS INTAP, the Legal Services National Technology Assistance Project. And I want to welcome you all today. I appreciate you coming to join us for this webinar on migrating from Google Analytics to Google Analytics 4. And I'm going to be turning this webinar over to our friends from Urban Insight, Matthew and Molly. I'm going to let them introduce themselves and then just fill your brains with knowledge about everything GA4. Welcome. Thanks, everybody. Thanks, Shelly. And welcome, everybody. I'll just share my screen now since introductions are on the agenda officially. I'm Molly Reed. I'm a digital project manager with Urban Insight. And Matthew, do you want to introduce yourself and all? Yeah, I'm Matthew Lawson. I am a web engineer at Urban Insight. Perfect. And just for a little bit of background, I see a couple of familiar names on the Zoom. So always glad to connect with you again and happy to meet more people. But Urban Insight is a digital design and development agency. We're based out of Los Angeles, but I'm in Virginia. We're remote, so all over the place. And we are really happy to be partners with a lot of legal aid organizations on website efforts and a couple of other products that we have developed and now maintain. Our main product is called D-Law or Drupal for Legal Aid websites. It is a custom built CMS in Drupal that is open source. So you can find more about that at openadvocate.org. And we also host a number of organizations using D-Law where Urban Insight also serves as their development arm, and that's kind of what our open advocate program is. So that's kind of how we got involved in the legal aid world. We built D-Law about 10 years ago and have been evolving it with partnerships with different organizations ever since. And so we recently went under, went through a massive upgrade for D-Law and a redesign and that coincided with moving all of our D-Law sites onto Google Analytics 4. And so then when we were speaking with Shelly and just talking about some of the other open questions that she had been hearing from the legal aid organizations that she's working with, sounded like GA4 was one of with a lot of interest. So we were happy to jump into this webinar and hopefully can provide a little bit of background information and proactively answer questions. Thanks to everybody who did send in questions ahead of time also. So yeah, I think I'm gonna hand it over to Matthew in a minute to kind of give a overview of the of a migration. And then we were going to walk through the questions that came in since a lot of them probably speak to questions that a lot of people have. And then we'll talk a little bit about what to do with the data you already have in your Google Analytics and then can answer any other questions. This presentation has a lot of links in it as well to articles that Matthew had highlighted that would be particularly helpful or answer any really specific questions. So I'll be sure to coordinate with Shelly sharing this around after so that you have access to like all the specific links to. Did that already? So before I hand it over Matthew, just kind of important dates to keep in mind. UA stands for Universal Analytics, which you'll see a couple of times to this presentation. That is just the current implementation of your Google Analytics. They call it Universal Analytics. So on July 1st, that will stop working. Basically the data in that dashboard will stop. And so that's kind of the cutoff date for making the switch to Google Analytics for having that set up. And then in December at first of this year, the historical data that your UA Analytics has collected up until July will also disappear. So that's kind of the second portion of this site of this presentation of how to preserve that data if you're going to want it moving forward for reference or anything like that. So Matthew, I can, do you want me to keep this slide up while you start talking or do you want to take over with the screenshot? I'm sure you can leave this up for a second. So I think the December first date right now is currently like when they're going to shut it off. But there's some hints that they might extend it a little bit further. But again, like what Molly has right here, this is how we should be operating. This is sort of the information will be gone at that point unless we receive an update from Google indicating otherwise. So for getting started, I mean, the first thing is setting up a new GA4 account. You would do this by visiting analytics.google.com and basically creating a new account or creating a new property that would be GA4. And we recommend doing this in advance so that you can connect your universal analytics property to your GA4 property. And if it's helpful, I can actually start sharing my screen right now. Let's see if I can fire this up here. Okay. All right. So is everyone seeing my screen? Okay. Yes. Okay. So here I am in my GA4 instance.  And here we see our setup assistant. So this is, I've already connected it with my universal analytics account. And you can see here that we have some property settings that are set up. And we're actually able to import some of this stuff from universal analytics into your GA4 account. Now with GA4, you can kind of think of it as more of a lateral move to a new service rather than a direct upgrade of an existing service. But pretty much all the features are going to be very similar. And they are doing their best to sort of have these one-to-one relationships on both of these services with GA4 and universal analytics.  If any of you have already had a chance to hop into GA4, you'll notice that sort of reports and explorations as they're now set up are ways of managing all this information and sort of like mapping out this stuff, like plotting all your information in valuable like reports to sort of better understand the data and better understand your web traffic. So the other thing, here we go, we also recommend using the Google tag manager for implementing GA4. And I have this demo that's set up right here. I also have a few of these like link tags, or sorry, yeah, I have a few of these tags that are also set up. But the main one that you need to be concerned with is just your GA4 config tag. So the way that this would work is you're able to add these tags, add these other sort of tracking tags to your website, just via the Google tag manager interface. So every time you're adding a new tracker, you don't need to touch any website code. The only instance that you would touch the website code is to add the Google tag manager tracking snippet to the website. Here we go.  For this demo, I'm using a WordPress website. And I'm just going to showcase like a form submission form pagination on a multi page form. And I also added PDF link clicks, as well as PDF non left click. So if someone were to right click and open it up in a new tab, we would also want to register that as them interacting with with a PDF. Matthew, can you talk a little bit just while we're looking at this about Google tag manager, like how that's different than the other implementations? I know there's major benefits of not having to touch the code after it's after it's set up, but Yeah, absolutely. So for this, one of the coolest things is adding tags. And there are a lot of sort of ready made tag options. As you can see from this list, I mean, these are a whole bunch of different services, Google, as well as third party services. I think there's also even recipes where you can pull in new stuff that's not just listed here. Here we go. But yeah, there's a whole community template gallery. So I think there's a Facebook. I know there was one where we use this to include like a Facebook pixel. And this sort of allowed us to see here if we have that. Yeah, there we go. So again, like a really easy way of implementing new tracking code on the website without touching code itself, because all of this is being included in our Google tag manager. And once you add that initial snippet to your website for Google tag manager, everything else is going to be included. Everything else is going to be included within this container. So in addition to tags, we also have triggering. If we take a look at this guy, our config tag is going to be firing on all pages. So every time there's a new page view, it's going to kick up our GA for tag as well as check for any events that might be firing. And events are basically just information that's being pushed to the data layer. And we can take a look at that really quick. Was there anything else we wanted to oh, the one other really cool thing is as you're making changes to your Google tag manager container, if you're adding a new tracker or something, and you want to test it out before deploying it to your live website, they offer preview mode, which is really handy. So for right here, I've just hit preview. I'm able to add the URL from the website that I'm looking to test data on this particular page. So go ahead and hit connect. It's going to throw open a new page right here. Perfect. And as long as I have this page open, we see I have my little Google tag icon. We have our flashing little tag icon from the tag assistant. So we're able to view tags that are firing on the website as well as sort of a list of all the events that are occurring. So if I go back here and let's say I try out my download PDF, I've just opened that in a new window. My custom event that I've added right here, I can see the information has been set up right there. So if I can open this up, I'm able to see some of these attributes that I've added to my Google tag manager, the link href, also just the text on this and a lot of this can be added. If it's like a module for Drupal or a plugin for WordPress or custom code, you're effectively just pushing information up to the data layer with this event. So there's a question that we just got sent, Matthew. Do we need to manually set up tags, including the config tag or is that or any of them automated, or we'll have to manually set them? Right. So you would need to manually set up this tag and Google tag manager. And I mean, I say manually, but a lot of this stuff is ready made for you. So if you go and let's just say I wanted to create like another one. I already have it here, my GA4 config tag. But if I wanted to create a new one, I would click on here. I have my GA4 configuration and then I'm including my measurement ID. Also in Google tag manager, you have variables. And I can reference a current variable right here so that if I'm, if I have several tags that are all referencing, you know, Google measurement ID, I can go ahead and use a variable. And that way, if I'm moving this to another environment, if I'm moving this to another website, I can go ahead and just change that variable. And it'll make that update in all the places that that variable is being used. So this is really helpful. And then for triggering, we want to have this fire on every page. So right here in these few clicks, you know, GA4 test tag, you would just hit save. And then you're off to the races. So after installing Google tag manager on your website and adding this tag and then this trigger, you would be, you would then be sending information over to GA4. So I'll go ahead and close this one since I already have it. So they will, they would need to place the tag, but not, but the tag itself exists and will work once it's placed, once they place it in their tag manager kind of thing. Correct. So you would place it in your tag manager, then you could either do preview just to ensure that it's sending the standard default information. And then you would hit submit. And submit is going to allow you to publish the changes that you've made in your workspace. And it also allows you to have several versions of the work that you've been doing. So if you're trying something out and you want to roll back to a previous iteration of updates that you made to this container, you can do that really quickly. And that's just publishing these previous versions, which is going to be helpful. The other great thing is in the admin, you're able to export containers and import containers. So if you're managing multiple websites, you want to set this up once, you can then export the container for one website and then import it into another sites container. And then, like we said, change a variable to update those measurement IDs. So again, it just makes it really easy to use and when you're exporting, you can indicate the workspace that you want to select from, as well as these individual items. So these might be variables, these might be tags, or these might be triggers that you want to include. But it just sort of, again, it feels like it's really scalable. And it makes it easier for individuals who don't have access to website code to implement like tracking scripts. So this is sort of like an ideal for marketers. Here we go. And just to say, while we're running through this as well, if you want to start testing out some of this stuff, when you're in the preview mode, like our debug mode here, having clicked preview and gone into the tag assistant, we're getting our information here. And this is all sort of from Google Tag Manager. On the other side, we can take a look in GA4 at their new debug view, which is really cool. So let's go check it out. So when I pop in here, I'm going to be able to see information that's being sent through the data layer. And let's go ahead and do this. So here we see my previous PDF download events that I've set up here. And within that, we can see some of those same parameters, like our link text, and like the link URL that we were reviewing before, as well as like page location, page refer on here. So again, this is great if you have custom events that are data rich, they have a bunch of parameters and properties with them. So as I go to this website, just one more time, there we go, one more click. When I go back over here, I can see I have some more new events popping in. Here we go. As they're feeding in. And there's always like a little bit of like lag time, like it says real time, but it might be some time that you'll get this stuff. So honestly, if it takes anywhere from like 15 to 30 seconds, that's kind of, you know, that's kind of normal. That's to be expected. But again, we see I have this PDF download event that I created. And again, we have all the parameters. So just a great debugging tool that you can use in tandem with the Google Tag Manager preview for debugging. And if it's okay, I'll do one more quick little demo here with this multi page form that I've created, so that we can demonstrate both the form pagination event, as well as the form submission events. So if I go ahead and grab my favorite color, blue. There we go. Favorite pet at rock. Sure. There we go. Favorite book. There we go. The time machine. Okay. So before I submit this, let's just hop back over to Google Analytics to see some more of this stuff that's popping in.  So you see right here, I have this GF track event. This is being generated by our Gravity Forms plugin add on. And this is being used to track. Here we go. Our pagination. So here, when this information is being transmitted, we're just including the title of our form, and then we're including the source page, and then the destination page. But really, this information can be whatever is appropriate for the form or a situation that you have. So finally, I'll go ahead and hit submit. Here we go. And when we pop back over here, we're going to see one more GF track event roll in. And that one is going to have an event label that's going to be set up. Here we go.  There we go. That label is going to be indicating the form submission. So again, I've sort of mapped this to just show the name of the form and then the ID of the form. But again, this was sort of provided through the plugin information. And this is all related to our GF track event. And to just sort of bounce back to Google Tag Manager and just show that off really quick. There we go. We see right here I have this event name, which is GF track event. And this is, again, being transmitted from the website. So this originates with the website. And within that data layer push, we see all these items where I'm able to create these data layer variables. So if I need to reuse them. And again, we see the event label was our track label. And if I hop over to our variables really quick, just to show you the track label. This was being set up as a data layer variable. And again, like when I'm clicking the stuff, variable types, you just get a whole list of items to sort of, you know, customize these things. So for a data layer variable. And there's the variable name. Nice. Oh, there we go. Okay. And again, you can see that this is being used. We're also using analytics, our regular universal analytics and GA4. So we're transmitting to both services from the site. And again, this is another reason why I'm a real big fan of Google tag manager. You're actually able. So let's say we get to a point where we want to turn off universal analytics, like we're approaching the time they're no longer processing data. We don't need to have these tags on our website anymore. It really is as simple as selecting these two low items right here. So these are both legacy. I've even organized them into folders. If you have a lot of tags, if you have a lot of variables, this makes things a little bit easier to manage. Especially if you want to like turn stuff off or pause tags, we can do that right now. And I'll show you. So I'm just turning off these two universal legacy ones. And I can just hit pause on here. So now I've made a change. So if I go to my overview, I see that I've made these two workspace changes by pausing these tags, and I would follow the same process where I can. If I want to preview at the same time, I haven't really changed anything. So I could go ahead and just submit and publish these changes. And then the data from the website is no longer going to be going into universal analytics. But these tags are still here. If I needed to unpause them or reactivate them for any reason. So what else are we thinking? We can switch over in a minute to the pre-submitted questions. Another live question just came in though. In terms of level of tracking, is there a way to track like the street address of a user or does it kind of stop at IP address or level? What level of detail can we get on the user visiting the site that you know of? Right. So I don't think a street address unless that is custom, like unless that's a custom dimension that's being sent over from the website. So I think by default, let me hop back into the view here. I think by default, it might be like locality or region, which is effectively like a city, like administrative area. Let's see if I can take a look here. Trying to whip this up. So yeah, for this guy, I think we might be limited to city from this point. I don't see. There we go. Yeah, I'm not sure if we can get any more refines than that by default. But again, very similar to like how events are being sent over. If you are transmitting that information, if you are registering that street address and then sending that over to GA4, you could create a custom dimension to have that. The only issue that might come up is if you have a custom dimension that has a whole bunch of unique values, that could affect performance. So you might need to pick and choose some of those. I'm not sure if like a zip code would be like as valuable. But yeah, I think if you're adding dimensions that have a whole bunch of unique values, it may be worth reconsidering just again, if there's like a performance hit to some of these explorations that you could be creating. There we go. So I think the one last thing that I can show off here is this exploration that we've set up and I set this up just as a freeform exploration. But it is robust and you'll see in a second what we're talking about here. So I've created these two custom dimensions. This is a form label and PDF click. And I'm not sure if I had enough time for the PDF click stuff to come in. So we can take a look at this form activity. So right here, we have the form label. And you can see there's a number of events where that simply wasn't set. But on these instances where we were interacting with the form and we did have these events, we can see the event counts as well as the active users. And surprise, it's one on the active user. But so again, you can kind of map this stuff out. And with visualizations, I mean, this is, there's a lot to it. There could be a whole other webinar just on explorations. But I think in adding these dimensions and hopping in here and taking a look at like some of the ready made ones too. I mean, this is a new service. So we're going to be like learning a lot of stuff together as well as setting up these like custom views. But for this example, I have two custom dimensions that I've created. And you can add these just by hitting that plus key. And so you see you have all of these predefined ones. There's whole sections that you can kind of pull in. And I think it's worth that everyone to maybe go through here and investigate these different dimensions and see which ones can be carried over from Universal Analytics before you start creating a whole bunch of custom dimensions. So we have our all right here. We have our predefined. And then we have the two that I created. And maybe just to showcase that really quick. And then I'll hand this all over back to Molly. Custom definitions. So again, I'm in the admin cog. I'm going to my property, custom definitions. And then this is a custom dimensions tab right here. And this is me referencing this event label that we saw that I was populating before for form submissions, it was including the form name and the form ID. And then for form pagination, it was including just like the form name and then the source page and then the destination page. But this is where you would add custom dimensions as well as adding like custom metrics. There we go. And I think I've hit my list of all the things. Any other items that we want to touch on? No other questions have come through. So and I know we have time at the end. So we can always kind of pull this back up. But I think a lot of the pre submitted questions will kind of touch on will be a good follow up to this also maybe. So that's great. Perfect. All right. Well, if it's okay, I will hand the reins back. Perfect. Thank you. All right. So now just getting into pre submitted questions and some topics. Feel free. I have the chat open as well. So if there are things that come to mind as you're listening, feel free to add questions there and I'll try and slate them in during the breaks on the slide after this. But the first one was what are some of the main differences between Google Analytics and GA4. I missed the A there. And Matthew can certainly speak to this in more detail. But I think as he said, it's really more of a lateral move than a huge upgrade. There are a few new features that we looked at with those custom reports and views that we can make with some of that debugging, the debugging view that we now have access to. But in terms of what's being measured, I don't think there's a huge difference between the two. I know that one main difference that Matthew had noted was just about how events and dimensions are managed for as data layers. But Matthew, are there any more details or beyond what we looked at as well that would be helpful for this point? I think the one other item was bounce rates. I think that was one of the questions that was asked. So originally, when they first released this, bounce rates weren't included. They've brought that back. But I think it's sort of handled a little bit differently. They're measuring it as the flip side of user engagement. So if you were to have, let's say, like a number of, you know, like 68 for user engagement out of 100, your bounce rate would be the flip of that. So that would end up being like 32% bounce rate because you have a 68% engagement rate. So that might change how some of you are kind of managing or thinking about like bounce rates. But I mean, it seems to me like it's more like a glass half-fold approach where we're focusing on the engagement versus people leaving us. So I think overall, that might be a good move. Sure. That's a good point. Yeah, we have a bullet point with that question that can show a little bit more of where to set this up with a link to that tutorial as well. What should website admins do to prepare for this change? So I think the biggest thing is just to line up the technical resources that you'll need. I know different teams have different roles on staff versus what have to be outsourced. So just identifying who will take on this work and what a timeline would be for it. The reason that we really are encouraging our clients and we took the work on early for our D-Law clients is just that you have that historical data that much sooner. We're running GA4 concurrently with universal analytics right now across all of our sites. So that when the universal analytics data does go away, we have GA4 data from a date that's just that much earlier. And so really we feel like the sooner that it can get done, the better and more beneficial will be the less headache of passing through old data in a separate place or anything like that is kind of one of the biggest reasons. The second thing I would do to prepare is just to treat this as an opportunity to look at what you're measuring right now and if it's what you need, if it's getting you the answers that you're looking for, if it's getting you the data that you're frequently returning to, I know especially for, we work a lot with organizations using LSC tags grants and so they have very specific metrics that they report on every year for those grants. So we set up a custom dashboard for them to find that information in one glance. So is that the kind of data that would be helpful for your organization? Are you measuring it? Is it easy to find? It's really just a good chance to hit kind of take that step back and look at it a little bit more holistically also. And then of course get it done as soon as possible for that historical data piece of it. Setting custom dimensions. I know that we looked at it very briefly with Matthew about a couple of the custom dimensions he had set using those IDs. We have a couple of links in here for guides that we have found helpful. One is for just a post from Google and then one is a pretty involved video that has been a really helpful resource. So Matthew beyond those, that will get into a lot more detail. Any overall guidelines? Yeah, I think honestly what you were saying before having both of these services running tandem so that you can evaluate both of them for the same traffic that's coming through the website is going to be really helpful and will be illuminating with like setting up custom dimensions and making sure that data is transmitting both like as expected. Any special knowledge or are we basically running a transition wizard type of system? So if I'm understanding this question correctly we had said that if you don't have a lot of custom tracking right now with your Universal Analytics then the GA4 setup assistance that is kind of a wizard that will walk you through it should be enough to kind of guide you step by step through setting it up and at least initially and then you could always add separate custom tracking on to your GA4 instance as well. And then I think this speaks to what we've repeated a couple times but yes we can have both running at the same time we actually encourage you to so hopefully and that to this question's point is also a good way to kind of QA your your GA4 to check that you're getting similar data the same data in both dashboards with through both implementations. If we do nothing what happens does the conversion occur automatically? When I first answered this question the answer was you do nothing you will stop getting analytics but similar to the bounce rate development I think Google has actually taken some pity on on the organizations using Google Analytics and there's now we've discovered recently under settings and admin there's a little checkbox that says automatically set up a GA4 property if there isn't one set up when Universal Analytics gets unsetted so that's definitely a good backup plan if you go in today and check that then if you do nothing you at the very minimum have a Google Analytics 4 property set up for your site for July 1st but just with the caveat that custom tracking and custom work that you have currently implemented won't get automatically migrated over so still is worth either checking it after the fact and adding it back in or setting it up yourself ahead of time. All right is Google providing support and assistance with the transition so no no direct assistance really where you can sign up for a service where they're helping or anything like that but we don't use Google Analytics 360 they're paid service but we would believe we would think that if you were using it then there probably is a level of support through that again they now also offer that automatic setup which is a newer offering so that's been great and then just as you'll see through the links here and hopefully exploring them on your own after this call with the deck that there are extensive documentation from Google and then from a lot of other resources as well that has proven to be really helpful so there's certainly resources out there not a ton coming from Google directly I don't think. All right I'd like to demo how to pull data that we've become used to pulling in the existing Google Analytics we're going to have to compare numbers from last year to this year and the reporting interface is very different so I think that last part of what Matthew showed gets into that a little bit for creating new reports and surfacing the information and data that you're going to be looking to compare to last year. I think Matthew your suggestion in this was to connect that existing Universal Analytics account so that you can review any available custom reports is that right? Yeah I think so and I mean it is a totally different interface for the explorations but if you're able to bring over like custom dimensions and basically the data points that you have on Universal Analytics you'll be in a good position to start working with the new interface and recreating those reports. And then what other metrics can web administrators use now that bounce rates are removed so that's the good news is that you can measure bounce rate now so this link I can actually show it just so people can see but it's set up via engagement rate now so when you go in to customize the report under metrics you'll now see engagement rate and bounce rate and you can apply those and then save that as a report so that you have an existing report that's an easy reference for you to keep checking bounce rates over time. So that's the good news and I think hopefully that I know a lot of web admins do use that so hopefully that's an easy one to set up that you don't lose any of the functionality that you're currently getting from your from your analytics. All right we are right on time before we switch gears I don't see any new questions but if anyone has any we'll also have time at the end or Matthew any other kind of points to make related to the migration or reports. I would just say again starting sooner than later is going to be a benefit rather than like a last minute scramble so I would just encourage everyone to create that GA4 property and connect it with their universal analytics property ahead of time. Awesome and I think to that end also if you're experimenting with reports or custom tracking with your newer Google Analytics 4 it's okay if you mess things up or have to redo them while you're having universal analytics at the same time because you'll still have kind of one source of truth that you can look at while you confirm that the GA4 setup is what you need and working as expected and things like that so just another point towards setting it up early I think. So once you have GA4 set up the second piece of it is how do you preserve legacy data. Again there's a chance that it will be available in your dashboard beyond December first but as I'm now that's kind of the date that we're working with and obviously if a site is many many years old that's a lot of data to lose and I know again for a lot of the reporting it needs to be at least for the last year if not further so how do you save the data that you're going to need to look back on? So our Urban Insight team has done research into different methods and different options that exist and we've identified kind of a two-part approach to what we recommend for anybody that's looking to preserve data and I have a couple of examples from my teammates that did a lot of this research and kind of tested it out with a couple of different websites and their real-time data but yes unfortunately there is no standard solution there's nothing that Google is kind of providing as a way to say don't worry you can just click this and we'll download all of your data into massive files and you can have it forever and so there but there is a Google Analytics plugin with Google Sheets that Google itself developed that can let that lets you import historical data and you can identify which data and which stats that you want and it will get put into a spreadsheet and then and obviously that spreadsheet depending on what you're saving can be still massive and still overwhelming so the second part of that approach is then using something called Google Data Studio which just ports all of that data into a much nicer and much easier to understand dashboard and it looks actually like very similar to the current universal analytics dashboard that you have right now as well so just a couple of notes about this and then I'll kind of show the real-time examples of this but yeah it's the Google spreadsheet notes is developed by Google so it's well established it'll connect to your account and your property and even a view and then you can based on the reports that you're pulling it creates kind of one tab in the spreadsheet per view it does walk you through a little bit I think it is it does take a little bit of time to make sure you're creating the reports that you want to see so their dimensions and metrics explorer is definitely a helpful source for this and again all these links that will send them around I see Shelley wrote that will post them to the recording on the YouTube so these will all be clickable and you can kind of explore them on your own time and here is a demo of what this looks like so ignoring this blue tab that kind of comes in later for the second part part of it but these are different reports that we ran from our current Universal Analytics dashboard with we kind of marked that we wanted top pages within a certain time frame we wanted to know device categories page per session all of that so you know you can indicate x amount of reports that you want and it kind of dumps it all out like this and again having it look with a little bit nicer and easier to adjust with the headers comes from that Google dimensions and metrics explorer so that's that's definitely the resource to be checking out when you're trying to set this up but obviously if you have one of these for every year or one of these for every 10 years that's a lot of data to parse through if you're looking for a trend or if you're looking for something really specific so that's where the Google I'm going to forget what it's called the Google data studio notes which is also called Looker Studio comes in again it's made by Google and it connects to your this spreadsheet so that is what this blue tab is with the report configuration it'll help you kind of grab the different the data that the Looker dashboard needs and then what it creates is this really nice report so this is all that raw data put into a much nicer presentation and again looks very similar probably to everybody that's familiar with the current Google Analytics dashboard so you can drop down with the dates and still pick the dates that you want it's all the visualizations that were pretty used to uh if it takes a minute to load same thing but you'll see it's just all of the all of those tabs of the report it's all put into this dashboard now so it's kind of make it nice and easy to to digest you can set these up not for legacy data as well just as an aside um we have clients that have get this sent to them monthly it's set up where it takes all the months worth of analytics and puts it into a dashboard like this and gets emailed around to a certain group of people so if you find this helpful something just something to know um but yeah this is kind of the best wet and least painful way we've found to to take that data and and put it into a place that you'll be able to reference it a little bit easier hopefully um the other the only other note that came from our team that had used this a lot was that every once in a while gets glitchy so just turn it off and turn it back on all right um we have a couple minutes are there any questions I have the chat open so feel free to send over any other questions or anything else any other areas um that we could get into a little bit more detail or you know pulling up Matthew's screen again would be helpful or anything like that give people a minute to type and then awesome I think oh yes so hopefully it's not information overload and this recording uh proves helpful to go back to but um I think that I'll add before I share this this deck with uh Shelley I'll also add my email to the end of it I don't think that's in there now so if anything comes up feel free to let me know oh here we go can you speak on BigQuery and the benefits or drawbacks of that for historical data I am not personally familiar with BigQuery Matthew I don't know if you have any experience with that no not not so much okay I can check with um our team members who did the deeper dive into the into the options for preserving historical data and just see if they had looked at that as an option and if they had any any takeaways and um I'll Kathleen sent that note so I can I can grab your information and and follow up with you if they have any notes um there's a couple of general links at the end too um probably that export and share reports would be the most helpful kind of based on the questions that came up today so um just adding that and I'll add my oh you have a few more links too so I need to get a couple more over to you perfect we will uh we'll update this a little bit more and then and then send it around but awesome well thank you everybody for joining thank you for telling for putting this on um hopefully it doesn't seem quite as scary now and and if you set up google tag manager it proves to be uh pretty manageable so well it was a huge amount of information and very helpful I found I'm an accidental techie so if I could understand what you were saying that means you were doing something right so awesome um I do appreciate all of this work it's it was very helpful for me I hope um that everyone that attended found it helpful and if um you would like to see further information on google analytics analytics for please put that in the survey at the end as you exit and other than that unless we see more questions we're going to let everyone get back to their day


Okay, so we're now recording. I want to welcome everybody to our Amherst community chat for Thursday, March 25. Today we have DPW superintendent, Guilford mooring, as well as the town engineer Jason skills joining us to talk about the pomeroy village intersection improvement project. So thank you both for being back here today to talk about this. Before I have you all introduce yourselves and get to the q&a. I just want to give your town manager Paul balkaman a chance to give any town updates. So, yeah, there's a lot happening. I think I say that every week. So the news on the vaccine front is that we are we've done 1100 vaccines by the end of this week we'll done for this week. And I think that that's a really good number. We are we're doing a homebound program where we've done about 30 at the end of by the end of this week people who are homebound giving that getting them the vaccine for our mobile unit going out. We've also reserved 25% of our vaccine load that were allocated which is permission permissible by the state for teachers and childcare workers and things like that and those are special special sessions for those educators for anybody in Hampshire County and so we're coordinating that with the city of Northampton. So that we had our first one for that last night and that was very sold out basically not exactly the term you're supposed to use but you know, is what it was. It's a really busy time of year on Monday night the town council voted to approve the moving forward on a plan for the North Common, and so we'll be moving forward on that on the planning for that construction probably won't happen anymore but it takes time to get the final designs and bids and construction and all that kind of stuff but that's really exciting, because it sort of speaks to a lot of the other work that's happening in town and you know the things I'm going to talk about are very DPW focus and that's why I really appreciate Jason and Gilford spending a few minutes with us today because it's their super busy time a year.  The, we've got a grant to complete the multi use path from on Mill Lane that will, will connect graph park to the numerous apartment complexes we on East Hadley Road and the DPW put in a multi use path, all along East Hadley Road which is really, if you haven't been down it's really nice. The dog park is moving forward. Another big construction project under the DPW eyes. So there's just a lot of, a lot of things happening, you know, Hickory Ridge will be coming down the road worse. So I was kind of excited when we started listing all these things like we're really making a lot of progress and things happening on the ground that are improvements. And there's more work at Mill, Mill River and other places so just appreciate it. So, and not to mention the paving and all the contracts and bidding that DPW has to do so. That's just a short long way of saying thanks to Gilford and Jason for taking the time to be here today. Great, thank you Paul for that update so I love for Gilford and Jason maybe just give a quick introduction of themselves and then I want to remind the folks in the room live to feel free to use the Q&A function it looks like we're already getting questions coming in so continue to use that or raise your hand and we'll acknowledge you live. So Jason you want to introduce yourself first. Jason Skeels, Town Engineer for Amherst Public Works. I've worked for the town for a little over 20 years if you count my intern years, I think it's 18 full time and three or four intern summers and semesters while I was in school. That definitely counts. We'll put you over 20. And I'm sure most people know Gilford but Gilford. Hi, I'm Gilford mooring. I've been here about the full lesson Jason I started full time here in 2002. So, being ready to go to 20, almost 20 years. Great. So, you look at his eyes when he said that. It happens to all of us. So we have some questions that are coming into the room live and some that were prepared. I'm going to start with the live question in the room from Sarah has the town finally acquired Hickory Ridge. We still operating under the purchase and sale agreement. And so there are numerous things to work out, mainly related to the solar project that the owner has to wants to secure the permissions and the all all the things that have to go into making sure that that can be up and running before they are willing to transfer the property. We're still looking forward to doing that but it. The, with solar projects as you know with our solar project on landfill can take a long time to get through the permitting process and get the kind of level of support it needs from at the state level. So, not yet, but we're still optimistic. And I do see that coming up that question or that comment associated with Pomeroy Village project a couple of times on our engage page so I think that's, you know, people are thinking about those things geographically and probably tying tying the two together. So, one question that I think that we have here is how did this project come about a lot of people say that it just kind of popped up when we got that grant but can you talk about kind of the history of this project. What led up to where we are now. So this project started before Jason and I even work for the town, even Jason's intern years. The state started looking at this intersection back in the mid 90s and actually designed a complete intersection that included turn lanes and signals and was basically basically a typical intersection. This was the town around 2002 and three. The town kind of didn't appreciate the attack it was very, even though it had crosswalks is very pedestrian unfriendly and very not Senator for bicycle or any type of movement just just as your basically it was your 25 year ago designed by Mass Highway to move traffic through the intersection. That was all it was. No, we don't really like that. We went from having stop signs on Pomeroy in 2002 and three to installing the traffic lights that are there now. That was an interim step and over the last. That's 20 years right 1820 years. And working a little bit on this project and then setting it aside when something else comes up working a little bit more on this project. We've applied for three mass works grants are two mass works grants here. And this is the first one we've received. So this has been going on for quite a while. So it's been a project you've wanted to do is just that it takes so much funding to do a major intersection project like this you have to hope that you get state funding to make it happen. So all of our road paving money for the for the year to do this one project. So when we're thinking about those, the improvements that you have planned does the does the grant that was allocated one and a half million does that seem to be sufficient or will there be other funds used, or how will that work in terms of funding. The one and a half should cover most of the intersection work. The one and a half percent of the intersection work, whether we pave beyond that or do some people are asking for sidewalks down West, West Pomeroy and Pomeroy. Those would be things we'd have to do with additional funds from somewhere else so this money will just concentrate on the intersection. And will this project fall in line, you know, is this a complete streets project or how does that this fall in line with the work towards complete streets that the town's been doing. The truth, the one thing, the one part of complete streets that may not fit in this project or trees. We have put everything else in right Jason. There's bike paths and sidewalks and everything else, everything else for a complete street but you're right there's not a whole lot of room for trees since we're already crammed within the right of way and probably need takings to boot. I'll take this quick opportunity to for folks who are watching who haven't interacted on the project page for this improvement project on engage amherst.org. There's a project page for the Pomeroy project and there you can post your ideas and some we've got a lot of comments coming in so far and we did some word clouding and the things that kept popping up were, you know, sidewalks and walking and landscaping. I think even fruit trees came up a bunch so I know that that I have seen that for people's vision of this. That's this project so that's interesting. So, so on the design, we do that all in house right I mean we have a under Jason we have an engineering department that that does all the design work so it's that we don't have to contract out with someone or do we do contract out some of it. We'll contract out the surveying and we'll contract out the data collection and the data analysis and then probably for this project most of the actual design work will come in house. And you guys know how to do that right Jason. The modeling stuff that we don't have the software for so it's nice to have someone else model it so that sort of a third party takes a look at it make sure everything flows correctly. And when you say there's not enough room for trees I don't really understand what that means is that. Well, if we're just focusing on the intersection and that's really all we can afford to focus on with the money we have. If we were going further out, we could put in grass strips and trees and you know make room with the sidewalks and bike paths and and put, but not with what what you don't have to focus in on for the for just the intersection. That's going to be, you know, I mean, you could put a single tree in the middle of if we do a roundabout you could put a tree in that but there's not a lot of room on the edges. Since you've got, you know, all the establishments directly abutting this property are very impervious they don't have a whole lot of green space. So there's not a whole lot of opportunity to fill in any of that green space. But a property owner could put trees on the edge of their property if they wanted to you're just talking about what we haven't that we own. Right. Right away is is difficult to squeeze. And one thing people have been asking is, are, will they expect to see construction work as early as this summer or when do you anticipate getting at to that to that phase of this project. Construction will be next summer. Do the design work this year and do all the make all the decisions on what which way we want to go with the designs and then get it all designed up and hopefully out to bid next spring. Can you talk a little bit about what the kind of options you're weighing the major options for the intersection. So we've got one that's just a simple multi lane, signalized intersection with two dedicated left hand turn lanes on West Street, slap 116. The pomeroy approaches remain pretty much the same no, no additional turn lanes. We're adding bike lanes and sidewalks just within the immediate intersection that we can hopefully expand on later. And that's just the simple streamlined intersection that would have a much smarter signal system in it would they would, you know, reduce lag time and stuff like that, and would would recognize traffic coming in all the different directions, and hopefully accommodate it but with any traffic light you're always going to see backups at prime times. And then the other, the other option is the roundabout option.  And we like how they work we, I don't know that they're both good options. And is there a preference, you know from your standpoint with your background and your expertise is there a preference amongst your team. I always like roundabouts, they reduce accidents, and the severity of the accidents that happen out around about our 10th of the severity that can happen at a, at a red light if someone runs a red light there's going to be a serious accent. When somebody, you know, when they, when people kind of go have a little diagonal crash and around about its low speed, it's, you know, minimal damage, minimal injuries, even even had bicycle accidents at the triangle and East pleasant street roundabout and the cyclists were able to ride away, like, so that it was an accident, yes, but nobody gets injured. So that's the nice thing that that intersection used to have a high injury rate and we looked at the studies with the left within the last four years that it's been an operation and there have been accidents yes but there have been zero injuries. So it's the safest option. Right. Yeah. You're muted, Gilbert. If you think about the roundabout your speeds reduced all four approaches. You have a traffic signal, two sides the speeds of two sides the speeds reduced the other two sides, they're going through the intersection. And they're going through at the speed limit. And then when yellow they turn yellow they're going through a little faster. The roundabout actually makes everyone going through the intersection slow down and that's one of the biggest pluses to it. One of the things that when I first started here, Guilford told me about how because I was, you know, we have a roundabout where I used to live, but much larger one. But like you said something about how fast you tried to go through a roundabout how fast can you drive around a roundabout is like the maximum speed without I mean without your car tipping over is like 20 miles an hour something ridiculously low because because of the bend you have to slow down. Have you been testing that Paul the upper limits. No, I think Guilford said he was good. He was testing it. I just really start to squeal at 30. I actually drove through drove Paul around the one on the north side of campus and we got up to 25 and at that point he was getting a little. I was out the door and he was starting to feel like he was uncomfortable so that usually around 25 most people feel that they're going too fast through that circle. So I think that's a good thing. Another question that just came in. Are there any bike share locations in that area. If not, could there be well good thing you brought that up because there's going to be one right there next this year. As we speak, and where will it be located specifically or is that still up for debate. So there's a small sort of abandoned building it used to be a dancer computers it used to be a bank drive through bank teller. I want to say it's 650 West Street. There's a guy currently working on that building trying to turn it into a coffee shop. So we're hoping to put the bike share right there which is just adjacent to a bus pull off so hopefully you could.  Oh that's excellent news and it's it's good to hear about a coffee shop because again going back to the submittals we've received so far. We've had 10 mentions of coffee shop and some were way shape or form so people are asking about that too I think they'll be happy to hear that. I'm curious about that too because I did come up through the rumor mill a little bit. I'm not sure if anybody's really talked to planning or anything about it but that's exciting news yeah and slowly going through the planning and inspections process he's he's not in a rush. Yeah. Is it somebody we know. No, not really. I think people have been in that part of town have been asking for that that with or without considerations to the intersection improvements people have been asking for coffee for a while so that fits in nicely. The desert down there. Yes, so maybe. I mean I think that's another question you know part of the reason for the grant was to you know activate this village center could any of you talk about what the project, how the project might impact live in that space activating that village center, it's either design option it you know promotes walking right now without, without signalized crosswalks or without the traffic calming and crosswalks it's, it's, you have to, you have to take your time to cross the street and find your gap. So it's, it's good that there'll be more walkable walkable options and people will be more likely to do it since it's not, you know, since it will no longer be a dangerous trip on foot or on or by bicycle. And there is a couple opportunities coming up this week actually tonight and I believe Saturday in fact to talk about this project so what what are those events look like, what can people expect to learn from those. So, tonight is, is a, we, there are sort of public just engagement sessions so we're trying to hear from the public, what, what, what they go to this, what they go to the village for we call it Pomeroy village and people say does it doesn't look like a village to me but we want this to build into that kind of concept where it is a destination and a service area for people who live in that area of South Amherst. So we want to hear how people use it, how they would like to be able to use it, and I think there's multiple ways to engage. This is one of them. Another way is the TSO committee of the town council is having open meetings where you'll have a little bit of a presentation and then mostly the time for the council and the staff to listen to your concerns and that's one is happening tonight at 6pm. There's another one happening on Saturday, the 27th at 6pm. I mean at 2pm from two to four. And so those will be times where staff will make a brief presentation and then sort of help to engage people in terms of what do you go there? How do you go through the intersection? Are you on foot? Are you using the bus? Are you driving? Is your interest to get through there as fast as possible? Is it there? Is it a destination for you? What are the things you like about it? What should we enhance? What should we try to eliminate? I think we sort of have a sense of that but we want to hear from the public as well. So those are the things that we want to hear and then from that we take that information, work on it, and then ultimately we'll present a recommendation back to the town council for its decision. The town council will make the final decision on the, not the details of it, but the big concept of what the intersections should look like. And again, I think Guilford mentioned this. $1.5 million seems like a lot of money but it really is, it keeps it right. It's just enough to do the core of the intersection, all the other stuff.  And just quickly, those meetings that Paul mentioned tonight at 6pm, Saturday at 2pm, those are on our public meetings calendar. The links are there on our homepage. You can also find them from the engagement platform, engageammers.org slash Pomeroy where you can add some ideas and suggestions and get access to those meetings and any other present, previous presentation so it's a good place to start if you want to dig into this project. So we have another question in the room. Apologies if this was asked earlier, but are there plans to incorporate walkable access to Hickory Ridge as part of this project as the course hopefully becomes conservation lands with trails. We did briefly mention Hickory Ridge, but can anybody respond to that? There currently is no plan to have a sidewalk down West Pomeroy with this project. So if you're asking for a sidewalk down West Pomeroy, no, that's would come later. There are plans as Hickory Ridge is being developed to tie existing conservation trails through Hickory Ridge and bring them out to Orchard Valley and take them to other places using the trail system in and around Hickory Ridge, but on the side of the road sidewalks are not anticipated for West Pomeroy at this time. And there's some reasons for that. There's some challenges to that because of conservation area or what are the challenges for that? Wetlands, mostly there's a lot of wetlands we have to cross and fill to get a sidewalk all the way across. And so that that's a that becomes a permitting challenge. Not that we wouldn't want to do it. We don't have the money to do it, but then we also recognize that disturbing wetlands becomes an issue as well. All right, great. Thank you for that. That's a great question. I want to remind the folks who are live attendees in the room where I've got about seven minutes less left. So feel free to ask your question and Q&A or raise your hand and we'll hear from you live. We've got a question here from Julian. Is the rotary or the improved intersection plan less expensive? Are there cost differences between the two options? Jason, what was the number that Mass Highway uses for their intersections? I'm not sure, actually. I don't see that there would be much of a difference in the cost of either one.  Although the signals do get expensive. So the roundabout just incorporates more granite and asphalt, whereas the signals incorporates more technology and so it kind of ends up being a watch between a roundabout and a signalized intersection. So there's no cost incentive to go with one or the other. Not especially. I was in a meeting earlier and I think I thought Jason was there too, but they were basically saying that when Mass DOT does an intersection improvement project, they start with a million and a half dollars as the base estimate without even deciding what they're going to do. So one question we've been getting a lot and it doesn't necessarily pertain to this project. People are asking when is outdoor dining returning to downtown and I know DPW was pretty critical in getting that set up in the past. So any information or updates on that front? We started repainting the lines this week. We're moving the Jersey Barriers starting, so we'll probably move some of the Jersey Barriers, the ones that are there currently will probably leave on Friday. And then Monday and Tuesday will be grinding some of the lines that are some of the blacked out lines out and bringing in Jersey Barriers Tuesday and Wednesday, and then the restaurants will feel free can be free to bring their tables out and have their little setups. And that's mostly in the town center. Correct. So by April 1 is the goal to let restaurants be able to be open and I think we saw that, you know, this weekend when the common and all the outdoor areas downtown were jammed with folks. All the tables were full. Yeah, I was down there on Saturday. Can you, I mean, this is, can you talk about the new playground that Kendrick Park to because it's I was excited to see the workers back and working so quickly. Yeah, they're, they're aiming for a June 1 opening date. We may have to delay that to let the grass get us become established though. The contractor is going to be done by June 1. So what what we have to do then is just sort of let the, let the grass seed become established. There might be options for opening parts of the playground while keeping some of the grassed areas cordoned off. So we'll have to, we'll have to think about it going forward but yeah they're moving pretty fast and expect to be complete by June 1. And what was exciting about that is that one of the things when we early on started talking about downtown and recreation said parents would say I have no nothing to do with my kids when I bring them downtown I want to get a piece of pizza and take them someone there's no place to take them and so this is in response to that and it and the fact that we got a major grant to support this as opposed to town funds and and all the design was done internally again. So I think that's a real that's an exciting positive thing for us. Alright, I'm going to give one last call to the folks who are in the room. Now's your last chance to ask a question of Jason or Guilford or Paul or I put it into the Q&A or raise your hand. Otherwise I'm going to give Guilford and Jason a chance to give us some information that we didn't ask specifically about or you didn't get a question on is there anything you want people to know right now about your work this project or otherwise. So there's a lot going on when everyone's been sitting at home for the pandemic, being at home with their children are working from home. We've all been here working. We, we've been doing it quite a lot quite. We've been doing it all along. We have a couple issues that are coming up. Basically that have been because of people being at home. We have had a lot some sewer issues, more people being at home fleshing more stuff down the toilet is cause some sewer backups so if you are at home, try not to put things you shouldn't put down the toilet in the toilet. If your child put something in the toilet they shouldn't please take it out. Don't flush it. That includes flushable wipes right. They're flushable but they don't break down like toilet paper does in the system, and they tend to bind up the pumps and cause overflows. So that's probably one of the biggest things we've been having issues with is is more flow in the sewer systems even though there's less businesses open and less students around. Water is good. We should have plenty of water going into the new, new, new summer. And then we have our regular projects will be starting up. There'll be some paving that goes on around the south end of Amherst and mostly we're finishing up with work that we started which is in the center of Amherst and some in the north end of Amherst right now. And I can attest it despite Guilford's background it looks like he's in ski country. He and everybody at DPW DPW staff seven days a week they run the water, they provide water they take care of the wastewater and said seven day week operation and so all through the pandemic. DPW workers have been showing up without missing a beat so we appreciate all the work that they've done for this for us for the town. I've got a couple of quick comments here from the Q&A, not a question but thank you for introducing and curating the engage platform it seems great so far. Well done. Well thank you for visiting and enjoying it. And then another question here pothole repairs soon. Question mark. Repairs are a constant thing. We've been doing it all spring. The weather is actually ahead of the asphalt plants. So we've just been using our small machine for patching right now, and we expect the asphalt plants to probably open up the first of April. And then once the asphalt plants open up we'll be able to put more people out to patch potholes. If you have a specific location please let us know you can enter a service request from our homepage or email us however you want to get us the information if you're seeing a particular pothole that you want us to send in to DPW. So you need the asphalt plants open and operating before you can do really fix the potholes right you do cold patch or some other temporary fix during the winter. We're using cold patch and we also have a machine which reheats asphalt but machine can only do a cubic yard at a time. So you're really limited if you can go to an asphalt plant you can get you know seven eight tons of asphalt at a time and do some patching and then move on that's that's the ideal way of doing it. See. Great well we Jason did I skip you that is anything else that you wanted to say. Okay. We are at our time we will put this recording up on our channel I want to thank feel for it and Jason for taking time on other busy days to join us. And all of the information we talked about meetings and engagement opportunities are on our website, but if you have questions you can email us at info at Amherst MA doc of and we will get you some more details. So thank you everybody. Thanks for Anna. Have a nice day.


Now, we'll take one more step towards long division. My favorite algorithm said nobody ever, so let's take a look at that long division problem. So here's 167,319 divided by 219. Now before we launch into long division, let's do this by partial quotients. And so what we might start out for reference is we might consider a table of multiples of 219. So I'll start with the 1 times 219 equals 219, and we might begin by trying to find the erect order of magnitude, so times 10 times 100 times 1000, that's too big, so I don't actually need to go that far, I'll just do the times 100. And well, let's see if I can get a little bit closer to my target number here, 67,319. So the easy thing I might do is I might take twice as many 219s. So that's easy to do, 221,900 double, that's 42,000 plus 1,800, that's 43,800, and there's 200 219s. Notice that if I double this again, 400 219s, that's about 87,000, which is more than what I have, so I don't actually need to do that next doubling. It may be useful later on, but for right now I don't need it. But this gives me a good point to start. I can start by subtracting 200 219, so that's 43,800. So I'll start with my dividend, I'll subtract 200 of my divisors, and here's what I have left over, and a quick comparison between what I have left over, and my table says that I can also subtract another 100 219s, and that takes me down to 1,619. Now here's something that's useful to keep in mind, I've already done this work. So what I can do is I can modify my table of multiples for smaller multiples of 219. Well all I did here, really all the purpose of these extra zeroes is to add onto there, so I can just drop those zeroes and get smaller multiples. Now notice that if I drop that first set of zeroes by 10 times 219, 2,190 already more than I have left over, so I don't even have a 10 219s, I have to look at even smaller multiples. And again I can work with these, or I can continue to double. So if this is 2 219s, if I were to take twice as many, I'd get 4 219s, 876, and again take twice as many 219s, and 1,752, that's too much, but here's something that's worth noting, it's pretty close. So if I had to estimate what this quotient would be, it's going to be 2 300 and close to 8, but if we wanted to get the actual value of the quotient, we'll go ahead and use what we have. I can subtract 4 219s, so I'll get rid of that, and I can subtract 2 219s, and I still have 1 more 219 I can subtract, and now I have 86 which is smaller than my divisor, so I can't subtract anything else. So the sum is the quotient, it's how many 219s I've subtracted, and we'll go ahead and add that up to 307. And what's left over is the remainder, 86, so I can say that this divided by 219, quotient is 307 divided by 86.


Welcome to this video on static routing. This is a packet tracer video in which we will be trying to answer these questions. What are static routes? How to see available routes in a router? What is a default route and how to specify static routes in a router? This is the network that we are considering for this video and we can see that there are multiple routers and switches in this network. Let us look at this router which connects the hostel network to the campus network. Now if I click on this configure tab, we can see multiple configuration options here. There are two options available for routing purposes. One is static and we see that it has been populated with an entry which reads as follows 0.0.0 slash 0 via <IP_ADDRESS>. Now what this means is the first part 0.0.0 is representative for all IP addresses. It is a pattern which matches with all IP addresses and this means that whatever might be the destination IP address, send it via the port which has the IP address <IP_ADDRESS>. This is also what we call as default route or route of last result. This is how we can check in GUI interface. If we click on command line interface, then we will have to exit from the configuration mode and then if we type in the command show IP route, we can see that these are the routes which are present in this router and each of them is tagged with a letter. For example, C means connected that is this route is directly connected to the router. L means local which means that it belongs to the router and we can see here S which means static that is statically entered route which we saw in the previous tab. This is how we can check for available routes in a router. We had learned that for a router to be able to forward a packet from source to destination, what it needs is a mapping between destination IP address and the port number of this router. That is the port number along which it has to forward the packet so that it would reach the destination. Another thing that a router would do is maintain a list of MAC addresses corresponding to the IP addresses of its ports. In order to check that, the command we require is show IP ARP and we get a table where it gives you the IP addresses corresponding to the hardware addresses or MAC addresses. Now, why do routers need MAC addresses? You might be wondering, right? Let us assume this is the router and it has received a response from server outside of the campus network. Now it has to decide to which device among these it has to send the it has to forward the packet, packet 2 because router is not a broadcasting device. It sends the packet only to the receiver. It has to have a mapping between IP address and the MAC address of the devices while working in a LAN environment.


Hi, she was seven. I'm back. So you already know what I'm going to be talking about today. Yes Janet miss Jackson. If you nasty. Yes, she Got married to this billionaire Signed a prenup saying if she stayed for five years that she would get 500 million dollars. Okay, so five years and two months later She's leaving with her money. Okay, so Billionaires, you know, they understand the game. They already know What the deal is? That's why I say real men with real money. They don't sweat, you know 500 million dollars. Okay, especially when you're a billionaire. Okay, if you you know He said, okay, I want to marry Janet Jackson if this is what it's gonna take to get her This is what I want because you know, I can afford it So, you know, she tried y'all she tried she hung in there. She could not accept that culture She could not understand the strict rules of it and she was kind of just done Okay, when you grow up in America and you have all this money and freedom and Then you're you know, all of a sudden taken to a different country and most of those freedoms are taken away It's almost like being in prison but You leave with 500 million dollars, so Um She was very smart. Okay. I know she already had money But now she has even more money like her kids her Grandkids and her grandkids grandkids and her grandkids grandkids grandkids grandkids will be rich. Okay, so You know, I feel like she did something very smart and very good business moves. She tried, you know She you know, she has a thing for those pretty boys and And this time she left the deal with money. Okay, she learned from the last two She learned from the last two. Don't date broke men. Okay all the men that she were dating before didn't have much Okay, you know, they couldn't give her Well, she could give them So, you know, I know Her first husband was like a member of the debarge group or whatever, but they were young So I don't I don't really count that one. I would just count that for, you know Puppy love lessons, but then when she married her manager, you know, he was taking money from her and spending it on other women He was a pretty boy Then she had another Boyfriend, I think he was like a backup dancer. It was I don't even know if that was her. I don't even know who that was Anyway It didn't work out. So she finally wise up got her a man with some money and said look Yeah, he looks good. Yeah, he's pretty and he's rich. So if he doesn't work out, I'm still gonna get paid I'm gonna leave with something this time. Okay, so she did learn from her past mistakes and Look how it paid off. Literally look how it paid off.  So, you know You might have some connections somewhere and she might be afraid to date, you know what I mean? And I hope I hope that it's not like that For her and I hope she can move on but I feel like you know, it's gonna be hard You know this early. I'm trying to have my morning coffee and do this video at the same time but You know, the moral of the story is make smart and logical decisions When you are entering into a relationship so that when you leave You leave better off than you came. Okay. That is the whole point of Any type of relationship if you go in and leave with less you lost If you go in leaving with more you won doesn't matter who broke whose heart or whatever whatever at the end of the day If you left the relationship and you have more than you came in with you won, okay? Just remember that don't don't say oh, well I missed that person and they were my soulmate and I want them back if you left with more than you came in with you won if they left With more than they came in with they won if you leave equally, you know, it's a truce But try to get something out of it because what you lost was time and your youth Okay, and you can't buy that back That's not replaceable. So ladies if you're engaged to a man, don't give back that ring. Keep the ring. Okay Men if you got gifts from women keep the gifts, you know Time cannot be purchased back So whatever gifts whatever jewelry you got in the relationship. Keep it. Okay I don't care if you have this lie and say you lost it or whatever Keep it. Okay, because the gift is a gift and it's not required by law for you to give it back. Okay Some people will give it back out of oh, I don't need this Yeah, I don't love you anymore, but you can take that ring and go sell it and go shopping Okay, so if you just don't want the ring go sell it, you know give it to someone else Take the diamonds out and make something else with it. You know what I'm saying So don't get caught up in the principles of a breakup.  This is how you break up Okay, you got a break up in style.  What if they break up with you? Okay, you got your breakup next day break up day outfit when you going out You got your breakup day stash of money.  It's just a matter of when you're gonna move in or you know, you're approved So just something that you are fairly sure you can get into that apartment within a quick amount of time, you know Or you can move in with someone. I don't know But have all that plan in place.  You're already thinking about the future like oh my god I get to go start this new life now. I'm so excited. I get this new haircut. I got this new outfit. I'm waiting to wear I got this new apartment. I'm gonna decorate, you know, that's how you think about breakups, okay? And if you're prepared for a breakup, it's not a big deal. It's like, okay, bye.  Okay, and if he's not on the lease then legally He can't be there. So oh, what about I don't want to be me. Well nice girls finish last, okay?  Just make it unbearable to live there I know it might be hard for some of y'all clean freaks. Stop doing laundry Always be gone. Just stop doing everything and eventually they're okay. Take this no more. You don't cook You don't do anything. There's no food in the house. You never home. Okay. Well, there's a door Okay, if you're taking care of a man and you want them to leave because you're tired of the burden, but you're just too nice Pretend you lost your job And they'll be gone in a week y'all.  How are we gonna pay the rent? We need to go find a job like tomorrow like like seriously They're gonna be like instead of finding a job, they're gonna be looking for a new place to live because they you know If they're a good man, they'll find a job if they don't have a job and they'll keep the job but Chances are if they're laying on your couch and you're taking care of them They they're gonna find a new place to live. Okay. Probably one of them girls They've been chatting up on facebook while you at work.  I know a lot of guys don't like when I say these kind of Things and you know, I don't live to please them. I live for results, you know It's not about at the end of the day, it's not who you pleased. It's if you pleased yourself Okay, because you have to live with yourself.   Okay, so I'll see y'all later and when I when I say buy any man you want I'm just joking but With all that money, I don't even think she needs a man like seriously when women have that much money status clout They don't really need a man. They can kind of get a boy toy. That's probably why she was like, you know That's around with her dancer But you know, just like J. Lo does she messes around her dancer? She starts dating her dancers because she can kind of control them She's rich already. She don't need a man's money. She got all that money, you know, uh from her career and divorces Stuff like that. So I feel like you know It's all up to you if you're a very successful woman and you have enough money to where you can You know pick and choose the type of men you want By all means do that But if you're not like that Work smart getting relationships for smarter reasons leave with more than you came with have a plan in place Okay, because you never know when the breakup is coming. That's why you always have to have the plan Okay, it's like having insurance I have a plan like okay. Y'all always wonder what if your husband left you? I got a plan. I already got plan b dcfg, okay um I don't think he is gonna leave me. I mean if he if he did, you know It would be more beneficial to me. It's what i'm saying So if he left if my husband left me it would actually benefit me more so I feel like Either way. I'm good. So it's it's it's hilarious That a lot of guys put in the comment. Well, I hope your man leaves you. I'm like, I hope he does too I will be uh right over in hawaii In my house living in hawaii chilling, okay I hope I hope he's right. You know what i'm saying? It's more beneficial these days if you're smart and you get married And you set it up. It's more beneficial to stay married for the man Now if he leaves, you know, I'm taking half. I'm getting half that 401 two child supports The lifestyle that I'm used to the house. Come on now Come on Do they do you really just want to hand me all that stuff and go start over? I don't think so, okay, so Y'all can stop asking me that question because now y'all know the answer I will benefit if I was left.  All right, so I'm going live tomorrow Wednesday at noon. So y'all tune no Friday I'm sorry not Wednesday. That's on my other channel. I'll be live on my other channel tomorrow On friday for this channel. I'm going live at 12 noon. Okay, so y'all tune in and y'all can ask me questions and Stuff like that and I'll see y'all then. All right. All right