Live from Boston, Massachusetts, it's theCUBE. Covering AWS Reinforce 2019. Brought to you by Amazon Web Services and its ecosystem partners. Well, welcome back everyone. Day two of live coverage here in Boston, Massachusetts for AWS Amazon Web Services. An inaugural conference called Reinforce. This is a cloud security conference, the first of its kind. It's the beginning of what we see as a new generational shift in now a new category called cloud security. Obviously, cloud has been growing. The security equation is changing and evolving. We've got a great guest here, Colby Allen, who's the platform architect at ZipWhip based in Seattle, great for joining us. Thanks for coming on. Yeah, thanks for having me. So we were chatting before we came on about your journey and your DevOps chops you guys have built over there. I want to get into that. Just quickly explain what you guys do real quick set the context. Yeah, so ZipWhip is an SMS text messaging provider. We specialize in toll-free messaging. We also text enable landline phone numbers. Our business is kind of really split into two parts. We have your traditional SaaS application that runs like a SaaS. And that's where you can have the UI to interface your landline phone number, 800 number with text messaging. Now, on top of that, we run a carrier grade network. So we have direct binds into all the major carriers in the US, bringing online some Canadian carriers. That's really where the power of our platform in is we own the network. And so we started in the Colo and over the last year which has been nine months, moving all that into Amazon and bringing it up. Let's talk about that. So explain the architecture.  Just classic DevOps, a lot of hard work I'm sure. Take us through what happened, what was the old environment and now what does it look like now? Yeah, so when I started at ZipWhip, they were an interesting place. They were just starting huge growth. At that point they existed in a few data centers in the US and running VMware workloads on, or bare metal databases. And the problem was there was just a scaling problem, right? I mean, we couldn't, we were looking at the type of scale we needed and trying to procure hardware and we just couldn't physically get it fast enough with the right amount of budget. And so I'd come from a previous place doing AWS. I mean, that's kind of what I've done for a lot of years. And so I convinced my boss, say here, let's try the SaaS app in AWS. So we built that, ran it, launched our new version of our SaaS application in Amazon. And at that point, our traffic skyrocketed. I think last year we had somewhere 280% growth. And our core infrastructure just wasn't surviving as outages and problems. And so we took it and we went to Amazon with it and we rebuilt it all. And it was a really interesting thing because Amazon was literally releasing features and we were consuming them, right? The five series and Nitro came out and we're like, finally we can get performance on the networking interfaces. Then they released the D instances with the NVMEs. We're like, finally our databases will survive and they can go fast enough.  So you guys really tapped really at the right time. You guys were growing. You saw the scale potentially bursting. You saw the scale coming in, you had growth coming in the company. You could almost see, okay, look, we got a plan. So you go to Amazon, new services. What's the impact been on the staff? You guys been adding more people? What's been the impact on the DevOps? I think the big thing is the initial move, we did it for three of us. I mean, it was a lot of work. We spent a lot of time doing it. A lot of sleepless nights, a lot of long weekends. But now we've got a really stable platform and we were able to really continue processing. Our message growth has increased and we haven't had to totally re-architect things again. The architecture's worked because it's grown and expanded. The scalability has been fantastic for us. The performance, of course, is some of the best. The walking commercial for AWS, of course. The people have that same experience. But what's interesting is you guys essentially are, in my opinion, representative of the trend that we're seeing, which is certainly in security as they catch up the DevOps. That's a big story here. Securities now can level up with the speed of the DevOps kind of engineering philosophy and deploying. But it's the trend of building your own. And a lot of companies are reinvesting in teams of people because they're close to the action and they can actually codify, quickly, use cases that they know are bona fide, whether it's a low level platform service primitive or right up into the app using machine learning and using data. So you have now that now you add security in there. This is where the action is.  Let's not boil the ocean over. Let's just solve the one problem scale and then let's look at the services that we can leverage to do more. Take us through these philosophies. I think you guys are a great example of that. So I mean, if we touch on the security aspect, I think that that was a big thing is, we don't run a dedicated security team. My team is the security team, right? And that was a big thing that both me and my director is we wanted the people building it to be doing the security. And that was what was really easy with AWS is we could turn on all these fancy features and it was just a flag in terraform and all of a sudden we have encryption at rest is something we've never had before. And so there's that. And then to the builder methodology, because we came from such a scrappy, like we got to go fast, like we didn't have time to evaluate software, bring in consultants. And so we've kind of just kind of adopted that. It's better for us a lot of times to kind of roll our own thing. And then there are times where there's software that's a good fit for it. I mean, we do use some external vendors on things, you know. And- But that's really more of a decision on the platform side as you look at the platform engineer, you go, okay, we got a build here. Let's, we know we don't release, not maybe not be a core competency. Let's go look at some vendors for this, this and that. But ultimately, if you look at something that's really core you can dig into it. And certainly with Kubernetes and with a lot of the services coming out, the SaaS apps are taking advantage of these cloud native. Takes through your piece there. Yeah, so we're huge Kubernetes. We're 100% Kubernetes everywhere. And I think that that's really been another big thing for us is, it's brought our application up a level to be able to integrate and be more reliable. I mean, where you used to have this external service discovery piece and then you have your security piece, where Kubernetes, I can go deploy a container or an application and I describe it all at once. It's all in my code config. So I can audit it for our compliances. We can code review it for our compliances but at the same time I deploy the whole thing. I'm not, here's this team deploying the app. Here's this other team then coming by trying to secure the app, it's all together. So the old way would have been kind of build it out, maybe use some software, have all these silo teams. And that's kind of all kind of built in. Yeah, we've kind of just opened it out, right? I mean, from our SaaS teams leveraging a lot of the security features that are available to us to our core piece, which is a very different type of software. You know, it's leveraging the same pieces and same type of monitoring principles.  I mean, I love dev ops. We've been part of that since day one and it's been fun to be part of it. But we saw the benefits of it, clearly. You see no doubt, there's no debate. But when you start getting into some of the semantic definitions, when you go to security, I know and feel that by the way is fragmented like crazy. And now you got the growth of the cloud. You're starting to see cloud security become its own thing that's different than the on-premises side. So what's your take on that? Because a lot of people are wanting, they're going to the cloud anyway. So what's interesting on-premise security posturing and cloud security in your opinion? Yeah, so I mean, it is drastically different. I think part of it's the tool set that's available, right? I mean, we ran data centers. I've automated data centers, but, you know, they're just not at the level of which I can do the automation and the auditing in the cloud. And so I feel like the cloud actually, in some respects, makes it easier, you know, for me to do security and run security and audit security, you know, versus the data center, you know, I had to run a lot of tooling and a lot of things to get all the views I needed. But there was a lot of really separate systems, you know. In the cloud, you have like this one nice fundamental API that I, as a person who has to build the infrastructure can use. But it's the same API that when I put my security hat on that like I used to manage security, right? Security groups, things of that sort. It's all the same, right? We're not having to learn five different applications. It's been really important for our team, because, you know, my team comes from the vast majority of, you know, true DevOps to, you know, we've been upgraded from people in our knock, you know, and to have them really just learn the one ecosystem is. You don't want to fragment the team. Yeah. You don't want to have five different skill sets kind of fragment. Well, and our big thing is we just don't, we didn't want to have tools that only one person knew how to do, right? We wanted people to take vacations, right? And like, we don't want to have a tool that's like, oh, well, only, you know, only that person knows how to run it. Nobody else does. And so that was the big thing for us. Colby, what do you think about the show here? Reinforce, obviously it's not an Amazon website for the summit. They do the summits, which is essentially a commercial version of reinvent in regions. This is a branded show. It's obviously their cloud security going hard at it. What's your take so far this first event? I've really enjoyed it. I mean, so I've gone to summits. I've been to reinvent for a few years, spoken to reinvent once, you know, but, you know, those things are fun, but they're so big and there's so much going on. You know, it's refreshing to be at this Reinforce conference and like, focus on the security side, you know, to sit in talks where like, you have people getting into KMS and like, some of these really pivotal tools. And so it's been really, really exciting.   Without like having to deal with all of Amazon, right? I can focus on like, this one little portion of it.   Yeah, I mean, well, we're one hotel are you going to be at at that point now, right? Yeah, yeah, yeah. Okay, so I got to ask you about the DevOps question. We've been commenting yesterday, Dave Vellante, who's on his way in, you know, we're talking with a lot of CISOs and a lot of practitioners. And the conversation generally was security needs to catch up to DevOps. And depending who you talk to, they may or may not believe that. And we think that to be true. We think security now has to level up with the speed of DevOps and there's agility things that are highlighted through the examples you guys have. What's your take on that when someone says, hey, security's got to catch up to DevOps? Is it really catching up? Is it more transformation? What's your view on this? Well, I think, I feel like when you say catching up, like it takes a negative combination and you know, I don't want to be negative there. And so I feel like it's a transformation. I mean, it's the same thing of going from the data center as just as an operational engineer to Amazon. It wasn't catching up. It was, you just are changing everything you do and how you think. And I think, you know, that's the same thing that a lot of security people I've seen struggle with. The ones that are successful are the ones that have gotten it and understand that like. What do you think is the most important story happening in this world, security, cloud security, security in general, that should be covered by media, that should be covered by the industry that is covered or should be amplified more or isn't covered and should be talked about? What is the most important stories that should be told? Well, so again, you know, I'm a fundamental layer. So things to me that are always overshadowed are like, you know, just encryption, right? I mean, everybody's like, you know, turn encryption on, but, you know, a few of the talks I've gone to today are deeper dives into that. And I feel like, you know, the KMS product in Amazon, I feel like is a very powerful product that isn't super talked about.  But like you go to re-invent, you don't really see a lot of like KMS type things or cloud HSM. And you know, I think it makes some of those very difficult products to run in a data center very easy. You know, what you hear on the security side is unsecured S3 buckets, or like security groups are configured incorrectly, and you know, right? Everyone knows that. It's like the Gecko commercial, everyone knows that. You know, Elasticsearch has now turned into the new S3, right?  But for me, I think it's like, the part that I feel is missing with Amazon is the ease of use of like clicking a button and now I have full Aurora encryption by default. Yeah, and the services you can just turn on. What's next for you guys? Give us a peek into some of the things you're working on. What are you excited about? So, I mean, we're making a big thing is, you know, so we spent a lot of time building and now we're kind of going back and really kind of wrapping a lot of our compliances. So, ZipWhip as a whole has been working towards a lot of SOC2 type compliances and things like that. So, you know, we've been working through governance and deploying, you know, software that kind of is more actively watching our environments and alerting us or helping us make sure we're staying at CIS type benchmarks so that, you know, when my boss comes to me and says, show me that we're doing this, I can just say, oh, here's dashboard. Yeah, yeah, yeah, exactly, not a lot of heavy lifting. So, we've been rolling out like VMware SecureState is the big product that we're working with right now. We've leveraged Cloud Health and those are kind of the two external vendors that we've really partnered with and so, you know, this year's been adapting those into the system. So, that's when the AWS side, you know, we still just run Kubernetes so there's a lot going on in the Kubernetes ecosystem that we're also working on. So, you know, service mesh and things of that sort, like, you know, how can I take this idea of security groups and this least trust model infrastructurally up to Kubernetes, which by default is kind of flat and open.   You know, we deployed OWASPOP 10 and got it turned on, right? Because it works but, you know, diving more deeply into like some of the auto remediation stuff. Kind of a fun environment right now, isn't it? You can knock down some core business processes, scale them up and then you got the toys to play with on the open source front. You got Kubernetes, really a robust ecosystem there. It's just, it's a lot of fun. Yeah, Kubernetes has definitely been exciting to play with. Advice to fellow practitioners and platform engineers because, you know, you guys have been successful with the transformation of AWS. You got your hands in a lot of cool things. You got a good view of the landscape both on security side and the DevOps side.  Some people are aggressively going at a hardcore. Some have cultural change issues. What's your general advice to your fellow peers? My advice is just jump in and do it, right?  I mean, we had a really fast transformation and we failed a lot very fast and we weren't afraid of it.  We had to fail a few times to figure out what was going to work.  It's almost like knowing what not to do is the answer.  Yeah, what's going to work for you, what's going to work for your business and the only way you're going to be able to do that is to actually do it. Yeah, and then code up and specialize. Colby, thanks for coming on, sharing the great insight. Colby Allen, platform engineer for ZipWhip, great company here at theCUBE, bringing all the action, extracting the signal from the noise, great insights in here coming from Reinforce here in Boston, AWS's first conference around cloud security. We'll be right back after this short break.


Next, I'd like to review the COVID update for December 21st. Right now, we have 10,894 positive cases. That was up 513 from a week ago. We have 1,295 active cases, and that's down 297 from a week ago. We have 9,515 recovered cases. Our hospitalization has gone from 21 down 3 to 18. There's currently 84 deaths. That's up 5 from last week. And there's 39,330 negative tests that were reported. The trajectory of the numbers since November was down 40%. And we're pretty consistent through Thanksgiving with just a slight increase. The efforts of so many at this time reduced the strain of the hospital admissions that we had had previously. We're only four days away from the start of the Christmas and New Year's holiday season. We want to invite and encourage you to continue to wear a mask, wash and sanitize your hands often, and maintain social distance, and avoid groups of people that aren't in your family. Yes, even through Christmas and New Year's. These actions, if followed, will prevent the spike of the coronavirus in the next two weeks in Sheboygan. The Wisconsin National Guard is continuing their testing. Last week they had an average of 150 tests that were administered each day. There will be no testing, although on this coming Friday, December 25th, nor on December 35th, New Year's Eve. Testing will continue on Wednesdays, though at the Sheboygan County Aging and Disability Center in Sheboygan Falls.


The thing I realized, so, as I was kind of remembering how I used to read the Bible, it was because there's the Old Testament, which is about the Jews and it has the children's stories about the old biblical heroes and the cute, no, it's arch animals and there's that and it's kind of sort of irrelevant to me. And then there's the New Testament, which is God's love letter to me and I can open it up and I can pick out the inspirational sentences and apply them to my life. And what is becoming more and more true and is that it's an epic narrative and in which I'm a part of it. So talk to me about the story. Talk to me about the first century. I never really, when I read it previously, when I read Ephesians, I didn't consider it like, oh, this is a letter from Paul to the church in Ephesus and I should consider that. And I should think about the whole letter, not just individual sentences. What's going on there? Who were they? So, paint a picture for me of the first century and how that Jesus came into and how his, what he said and what he did was counter-cultural and how that impacted the world after that, whether we know it or not. Yeah, yeah, yeah, great question. It's, of course, a huge question. The first century is very complicated, simply in the Middle East. The Middle East is complicated today. It was every bit as much in the first century. Different movements and parties and factions and we think of the Jewish people as though they were living in a country called Israel, they weren't. They were clustered in villages around Jerusalem and in Jerusalem itself and then some of them in Galilee, but all around were other peoples because when some of the Judeans came back from the Babylonian exile, there were lots of other nations around or small, what we might call city-states, that weren't sure who these people were, didn't want them back. So it's a very contested area and there's a lot of what we would call pagan culture there. You know, there are Greek theaters and gymnasium and so on. It's not a kind of a pure Jewish, so that's perhaps for starters. But the Jewish people whose works we can study and we have to be careful there because why are there writings we can study answer because there were people who'd been trained to be scribes who wrote them and there were a lot of people who weren't, but they give us a picture into the common life, the ordinary life of festivals and fasts and things that everybody did so that when it was Passover time, people would...  And so when we think, what did they sing on the way? Well, they sang the Psalms. That's the songs of a sense, we're going up to Jerusalem. And I was glad when they said to me, we'll go to the house of the Lord. But what they were doing particularly was praying for God's kingdom, praying for God to come and take his power and reign in a whole new way. Why were they thinking that? Because that's what Daniel promised. That's what Isaiah promised. That's what the Psalms said would happen. And they looked back to the great story of the exile. They knew we were in exile in Babylon. And now we've sort of come back home. But Daniel 9 says it's not just going to be a 70 year exile. It's going to be 70 times 7, like 490 years. Who calculates that sort of scheme? Well, they did. We have writers in the time of Jesus who knew where they were on that time scale. And in order to interpret that, the two back markers way back other than creation and fall themselves are Abraham. We are children of Abraham. God promised Abraham that his seed would inherit the world. We're not sure how that's going to happen. But sooner or later, dot, dot, dot and Exodus. Exodus, God releases his people from slavery so that they can be his people and he comes to live in the midst of them. And so we want a new Exodus because as I said, we were going to get one. So there's a lot of stuff all focused on those great festivals like Passover and so on, which is saying God is going to come back in a whole new way and he's going to rule in a whole new way. He's going to do justice and mercy, which probably means rescuing us and beating up our enemies, of course, because that's the simplistic way of taking it. And so when Jesus comes and says, the kingdom of God is at hand, it's that expectation that he's playing into. Sidebar, some people in this last 100 years or so have said, oh, that meant the end of the world. It didn't. That's a modern misunderstanding. We can park that one. What it meant was the great turnaround, not only for Israel, but for the world, because the Old Testament has this extraordinary perspective. It's extraordinary from our modern Western idea that what happens to Israel is like a fulcrum for the rest of world history. It's a small point around which everything else is going to resolve. You see it in the Psalms and Isaiah and Zechariah and so on again and again. And Jesus seems to plug into that. Many will come from east and west and sit down with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. What's going to, how's that going to work? And so Jesus is then saying, yes, kingdom of God, but he's saying, no, it's not like you thought it was going to be. And so he tells these strange little stories called parables, which break open people's expectations and invite them into his way of seeing things and gradually bit by bit. He explains to his followers that the way it's going to work is by him going to Jerusalem and as in Isaiah, as in some of the Psalms, taking the weight of the world's sorrow and sin upon himself so that it can be dealt with so that then new creation can come out the other side. And that is the truly extraordinary thing, which is such a big and crunchy idea that it's very hard for modern Westerners who've been singing hymns about Jesus dying so we can go to heaven, etc. to get our heads around. But somehow if you stick with this historical narrative, then you get the whole story. So in the middle of all that Old Testament narrative, you have David and Solomon. David plans the temple and Solomon builds it. And the point of that is that Solomon builds the temple, David's son, so that God will come and dwell with his people. And then in Psalm 72, which is has a sort of solomonic ring to it, the king does justice and mercy for the orphan and the widow and the oppressed, particularly. And then the end of the Psalm says so that God's glory may fill the whole earth. That's the extraordinary promise. The Old Testament often says things like the earth will be full of the glory of the Lord as the waters cover the sea. And we Western Christians have thought, oh, well, we're going to get the glory of the Lord upstairs somewhere. No, it's a promise for this earth. So the temple is the sign and Jesus makes the temple the focal point of his ministry and message, which is why his prophecy about the destruction of the temple goes very closely with his own journey to his death. And then the early church stands back and says, this is what it looked like when God came to dwell in our midst. Yeah, yeah. Thank you, sir. Thank you. Thank you very much.


Live from San Francisco, California, it's theCUBE at VMworld 2014, brought to you by VMware. Cisco, EMC, HP, and Nutanix. Hi, this is Stu Miniman with wikibond.org. Here are SiliconANGLE TVs, fifth year of VMworld 2014, San Francisco, California. Had a little bit of an earthquake Saturday night. Definitely kicked things off to a start, at least for me. First time I've seen a magnitude six earthquake, not too far from me. But we're going to be talking about the cloud in this segment. Joining me, first time CUBE guests for both of you, it's Matt Calger, who's the global VMware architect for EMC, and Patrick Neuer, who covers cloud ops and infrastructure program management for VMware. Guys, thanks so much for joining me. Thanks for having us. Thank you. All right, so Patrick, let me start with you. Tell me a little bit of your role at VMware and what you're doing here. So I work for the internal private cloud for VMware, called OneCloud, and in that regard, I am the cloud operations and infrastructure program manager. Okay, so we heard a lot in the keynote about how the hybrid cloud, renamed vCloud, air, threw a lot of the partnerships, but that's a different group from you. That's correct. So you guys, can you give us just a quick, what's the history of the internal cloud from VMware? So it was an alignment that came about three years ago by where VMware needed to consolidate and to really bring together all of the cloud infrastructure and service offerings we had internally into a single overarching kind of orchestration and delivery mechanism called OneCloud. All right, and Matt, you're working with Patrick because the hands-on lab runs out of this cloud, correct? That is correct, yes. Okay, so I have to ask, first of all, do we have this conference every year in Moscone because it's not too far from Palo Alto and therefore easier, or for the labs to work, actually, we have three primary data centers that are serving as the infrastructure to run hands-on labs. Yes, one of them is local in Santa Clara, but the other two, one is in Washington, we're not in Washington, and the other is in Amsterdam. Okay, so the Barcelona show will be running off the Amsterdam data center? Not primarily, it would be one of the main sites, but at any point in time, the infrastructure that actually is delivering hands-on labs can be distributed anywhere in the world. So it's not necessarily one that takes over just because it's local, or closer, if you will. Okay, Matt, and what's EMC's part in the hands-on lab? We've supported the hands-on labs since, I think, the very beginning. I can remember all the way back to 2009 having a bunch of CX-4s and those kinds of things back then. Today, we supply pretty much exclusively extreme IO storage for these labs because that's just the right product for the right job, and I think we support the majority of the storage for that lab at this point. Okay, okay, unpack that for us a little. Why extreme IO? Obviously, I would say performance has to be number one on the list there, but why extreme IO? I think I defer to Patrick a little bit. I would probably argue that reliability is probably your highest priority. I think it's actually a multitude of things. Obviously, performance is critical. Reliability is paramount, but it's also the content itself in how we can leverage different platforms. With the most optimal being extreme IO, because of the high D-dupe ratio that we can achieve on the actual underlying line labs. Great. So a lot of it comes down to a platform like extreme IO where you've got multiple controllers, two controllers per brick, and we've got multiple bricks in every cluster, means that a brick failure or something like that is not a hugely catastrophic event for us, and then just ridiculously high consistent IOs and sub-millisecond response times all the time guaranteed means that Patrick's team can just rely that it's just going to work. And in fact, I believe Patrick last year, the first time that you guys had 100% storage uptime was last year on extreme IO. That's absolutely correct. All right, so does anybody have, what speeds and feeds, what kind of hero numbers can you share about what you've done at the show so far this year or what the plan is? Well, the show isn't over, so obviously it would be based on the last couple of days, but what I can tell you now is that compared to last year where we had both traditional storage platform and extreme IO, this year, outside of the SDD infrastructure, it's 100% extreme IO. And in that regard, we're actually increasing the scope obviously, but we're actually diminishing the footprint. What we've come to understand and appreciate extreme IO is the flexibility and power of the platform by where at this stage, we're able to conceivably run 100% off the show off two bricks. And compared to last year with traditional storage platform, we achieved that same scope in six full racks. So you went from six full racks to 12 U, in and of itself, is it amazing? So Patrick, when you build out the labs, how much is the application a focus of building there, or getting some questions from kind of those watching? Application in the, actually with the lab content is serving up. Yeah, exactly. Oh, absolutely, it's paramount to the delivery, because there's obviously a consideration on the formation and presentation of that lab, but also on the performance impact that that lab will have on the underlying infrastructure. Some labs are relatively minor, they mean more interactive clicks through. Others have a massive impact in translation to the performance characteristics that we need to align to from an infrastructure standpoint. Okay, and so I assume the internal cloud, something that lives on well beyond kind of the VM world shows, how much is there a build up for this event or does this run on kind of the existing infrastructure? Well, no, there is a burst element. Normally, we don't have 550 concurrent people demanding upwards of 15,000 VMs at an important time. So there is a burst element, but there's also very much a steady state. This is our internal private cloud. This isn't necessarily purposely built just for this one event and then decommission. And to that point, the one cloud and all the stuff that supports it, project knee and so on and so forth, actually is running 100% of the time for customers live and ready to go. One of the new services we launched last year was actually HOL public, by where the HOL labs lived on well after VM world was over and by where people, customers can come in and continue to take labs throughout the year. All right, so Matt, you've been in the lab so far. Things running pretty smooth. We don't have big, big lines. I remember 2010, I think I came there. I remember 2010. Lines out the door, some of those things. What have you seen over the last few years as kind of the maturity of what goes on in the hands-on labs? Well, I think to your point, back in 2010 and even maybe 2011, there were definitely lines out the door, some stability issues and I think ever since Patrick's team took on a lot of this and it was really treated like this critical environment that people had to use, like a true 24-7 environment, the availability's been incredible this year, 100% uptime, last year 100% uptime and it's so far, I can't imagine any complaints. When I go in, I was just in the room earlier and looking at the arrays. One of them, one of the ones in Santa Clara is had a bit of a hot, hot moment for it, which was 53,000 IOs a second, which is not even a third of what we rate that system for. But most of the time, they kind of just hover there at maybe 10% of what they're capable of. Okay, and can I ask, is there anything, are there converged infrastructures used as this or any rest of the cloud suite? What kind of plugs in beyond the extreme IO? How does that connect with everything else? No, we definitely, I mean, the purpose of VMworld is to showcase our latest, greatest technologies. So we do have about 10% of hands-on lab running on all of EVO rack and vSANs or our latest technologies. It's definitely a showcase and we want to put it in the most visible light possible. That's the EVO rack, not the EVO rail? That's the EVO rack, which is interesting because we're actually, the lab for EVO rail is running on EVO rack. Okay, yeah, can you, it's new to a lot of people. Can you kind of tease out for us a little bit, kind of the rail versus rack? We talked a little bit about rail earlier, kind of four servers, kind of in a configuration with a number of partners. How does that different from the rail and what can we expect to see there? So unfortunately, I don't know much about the rail from an EVO rack standpoint. Absolutely, it's all converged infrastructure predicated on like vSAN technologies by where we can leverage internal storage to deliver similar infrastructure and compute platforms where you would consider more traditionally, that we've aligned to. Yeah, it's interesting to think about, vSAN has a certain set of applications that it's really geared for, as opposed to say, Extreme I.O., there's some overlap, for example, VDI could fit in both of those, but other than that, I think of Extreme I.O., I mean, database environments, something that would be a great fit for, an all-flash array versus, not necessarily where vSAN's first target is. Any comments on that, Matt? I think it's interesting because when you look at the actual, the I.O. profiles that OneCloud tends to push into these systems, we looked at them closely last year after the show, and they are incredibly right heavy, more so than I think I would have expected, and they're incredibly latency sensitive. If those latencies start to get up there in the five, six, seven milliseconds range, customers really start to feel it, and so both of those really play well into the designs of both Extreme I.O. and vSAN. vSAN's great at some of the slow latency stuff that they can do with data locality and that sort of thing, and Extreme I.O. is great at that, too. Does somebody want to add Patrick? Well, I actually don't think the conversation is separate from what we're doing with Evil Rack and what we're doing with Extreme I.O. I think as the cloud infrastructure and operations team, you have a variety of platforms and architecture that you can align to, and it's all based on the use case and what your customer's requirements are, so. Great, so I'm just curious, Patrick, maybe it's for you, is what lessons do you learn every year at VMworld? Building year over year, does any of what goes on here at VMworld translate itself into product requirements? Of course, absolutely. I think the biggest lesson learned when something like VMworld is that you can take lessons learned from the past, but don't think that they're going to translate 100% into the present, and it's an ongoing learning process, and I think that with any cloud infrastructure and operations team that defines how we do business every day. All right, yeah, Matt, anything else you want to share from what you've seen in the maturity? Where's the opportunity for us to kind of move the labs forward? You know, I think it's interesting, I'd love to see continued use of Evo Rack and Evo Rail to push those. One of the things that we've been hearing a lot from VMworld recently is their increased desire to sort of dog food their own stuff, right? I think Pat actually said this morning, it's extreme dog food. Extreme dog fooding, and I think this is a great start to see more of it, and we can help with certain parts of it. Extreme IO certainly can stress an ESXi host pretty well, deliver almost anything that it could possibly ask for, and then we can also stress the other parts of it, sort of the STBC and BSAM sides. So what I really look forward to is sort of pushing that envelope even further to Patrick's point about let's try to see, we've historically overbuilt these environments a little bit, but now we're actually starting to decrease the footprint a little bit, see how much can we really get this down to something even closer to a customer possible scenario? Yeah, Matt, you know, since I've got you on here, I mean, you've done some interesting tests looking at really scalable architectures. I mean, I know I read your blogs that you did on Scale.io.  Are you involved in some of the architecture pieces? How does it play into kind of your day-to-day job? Are you talking about the hands-on labs or? So, right, do you take some of the labs and, you know? Oh, I absolutely take the labs. It's probably one of my most favorite things to do here. I honestly, if I were a customer, my top two things to do would be to come take the labs and go to what are sort of listed as the advanced technical sessions. I always end up taking a lab and I never have time to take all the labs that I want. I think my favorite so far this year has been the advanced NSX lab. My weakest area is networking and so I learned a lot from that lab. Okay, yeah, Patrick, anything, you know, what's been hot this year is, yeah, had to reconfigure. Definitely, everything we're doing with the EVO rack, EVO rail and NSX are all basically the top three labs at this point. It's very exciting what those technologies can offer and bring to the market. Okay, so, yeah, I think I just want to give you a last chance to kind of give a plug for, you know, something they should check out. There's two more days left and I'm sure there's things that people can follow up afterwards. So Matt, I'll let you start. Well, you know, I think I'd have to plug my session. Come on. I have a session this afternoon on automating very, very large-scale environments using things like Python and VCO and those kinds of technologies. So if you want to take what you learn about the infrastructure side of that and things like EVO rack and EVO rail and Extreme IO and apply those to an environment with hundreds or even thousands of hosts and how to deal with that in the same fashion, it's a good place to start. All right, and we can also find some of your stuff. Hopefully you'll be having your findings on your blog, right? It's always on my blog, exsaforge.com. All right, and Patrick? Yeah, and just for me, come visit us in Hands on Labs. Please take a lab. Come visit us in the knock. This year, like the year previous, we want to be full disclosure, full visibility so we have the monitoring up. It's all real time. Feel free to ask us any questions you might have. Yeah, and if somebody's not at VMworld or they don't get to all the labs, how do they engage in between the shows? So once VMworld San Francisco actually concludes over the course of the next two to three weeks, we're going to be migrating all of the 2014 content into HOL Publix, so they'll be able to take the lab at that time. All right, guys, thank you so much for coming. Thank you. Definitely, when I talk to the practitioner, the Hands on Labs are always some of the highlights for them, so we will be right back with our continuous coverage from VMworld after this quick break.


Hello and welcome back to the craft box. My name is brenton today. We're on episode 56 of the Pirate 101 privateer walkthrough I have already recorded the first clip of me saying that and I have my mic muted, so I'm smart but today We are back last time if you haven't checked it out already. We did a whole bunch of instances and Well, not actually that was the time before we went to the Isle of Fitch and found out that the Cougars or whatever they are over there need terrible food. So that's what we're doing today. I Have just defeated a whole bunch of sky Skyguards, which are not cool. I don't like fighting them. They aren't fun And now we need to find some prunes apparently Um So yeah, that's basically what you're doing. You didn't miss much because it's literally just been talking to people We went to the cannery to talk to the guy at the cannery And he's like hey go and talk to a whole bunch of people and they will give you what you need except just kidding You need to defeat skyguards and you need six friends from them and they took forever Literally an hour trying to get them.  We're also going to get the side quest for later Um, so that's fun Um, we will also while we're here.  We're level 56, which is pretty cool 56 never thought I'd get that far. Um, just kidding. I did Um, yeah, not too many levels to go which is dope and now we need to defeat cat smuggler ships for prunes So again, I will be back or not again, but I will be back once I've defeated a whole bunch of these guys Okey-dokey. I am back that took a long time Um, luckily the ships weren't too terribly difficult, which is good But just my my hands a bit hurt after spamming one two three and four for a wee while, but hey, it's fine Um, so yeah, now we need yeast. So we're going on the yeast hunt Um Yeast is such a weird word. I don't like it. So we're going to not say that Um, but yeah, we need to get the rising agent also known as the the y word um Which is apparently in this wee little We little place pegadies sundries. I wonder who's on here. Oh, look, it's mrs. Pegadie. Who would have thought? Um, oh 3000 XP nice two quests done today. That's not too bad That is not too bad because these quests in pirate are so long like really really long um So we need to go and do a whole bunch of dungeony stuff now to get yeast Because that's what we need now So yeah, let's head down to that place which we can just go down here Because it is at the dock. So we're gonna assume that means down here. Hopefully maybe Maybe right. Yeah 198. That's not too bad, right? Um, hopefully we should be fine. There is a couple of bosses. Um, I do know that for sure I think it's this one. Yes, it is this one. Let's go in here Enter now See who's in here. We have a couple of fights a couple of fighty fighties um, but we should be Fine, I would say Yeah, I think we should be fine probably most likely. Maybe who knows we'll find out eventually, won't we? Um new quest. Ah this one I remember this I remember this now. Billy whiskers not a friend of mine I don't like him. He is kind of difficult. Um, but yeah, let's go for a Artillery right on them. Just drop it right there. We're going to move you up We're going to place a landmine like right there because they have to come through there eventually We are also I don't think they have that much movement. So we're just going to move altura up just slightly Um, we'll go for his buff next round Um, because there's only five rounds. So gotta gotta just use it wisely Considering that they're probably not going to get too close to us this time. They will take some damage through this Thank you. Epic cat is even better Really really good. Um, so yeah, they don't have that much range. I didn't think they did But sometimes you just never know at least those three are all in line for a Bomb dropping which we can do 198 not too bad could be worse Um, we can't get anybody. They're still out of range. So we're going to move bonnie like right up She has a huge radius. We're going to move her up there. Um, we're going to also Bring you up there and altura. We're going to give the accuracy and dodge buff now Just because I think that'll probably be the best option here um, just to make sure That we're getting some accuracy and dodge before they come and hit us So hopefully people can dodge but is that going to actually happen? No because that would never happen But hey, you never know. You never know. They're not even running. I am kind of upset But here's the overwatch that we wanted which is good um, just one no burst fire or or double tap Um, so no crit obviously burst fire and nice just use all of the burst fires all of the burst fires use them up Good good. Good. Good. Okie dokie. Can we get? Um Do do do do we'll do crit. I guess sounds okay. We'll do this um, yeah Let's go for does he have vengeance? No, he doesn't he does have bladestorm. Let's just go on this guy I think that's probably the best just target the sky for a bit. We'll Completely avoid that last guy that's just down this way a bit. Um So yeah mega hit nice. That's really good half health for one of them Mine is um dodge as well. So they shouldn't be dodging me Um, if they were if they did I'd be mad Um, grace is done a lot of work actually um in the last couple of battles.  So I just went and healed her up um Nice look at that one nearly down nearly down so close um Okay, immobilized attack no dodge because You know that's fun vengeance. Nice relentless blocked. Nice I'm not too worried about gracey getting hit Um, because she does have vengeance altura. However, he is slightly Not not okay doing that because his dodge can sometimes fail me a lot But he's actually doing really well today. So I'm proud of him. I'm proud of him. He's doing well I've also always thought that gracey conreads really creepy Um, and I finally figured that out. She doesn't blink Like she actually doesn't blink Like bonny and she blinks Gracie does not blink Um, so yeah, oh, hello That's not cool zero out of 10 not not again. No No, this is where my agility comes in which I have none of Because we don't get no agility Um burst fire and oh the dodge unlucky Yeah pick it nice. This is where gracey's world comes in handy Because she's not an agility person where everybody else is basically either agility or strength And yeah, but not today. It doesn't matter Um oki doki Wow, um, yep, that's fine. Just hit bonnie. It's okay. She won't be too badly hurt Um with this we are gonna go for a I don't really want to absorb But I kind of do it the same time. Nobody's really Down so we're just gonna hit I guess is probably the best idea We're just gonna destroy this guy first real quick with my companions. Oh slowly Take this guy out. Unfortunately.  Yeah, that's right You get cheap shot of boy and relentless. Yes Yes, that is right overwatch Yeah, you're bad. Make you make you bad block. No, okay. That's fine. Bonnie would never block But hey block. Yes, dodge. Nice and repost easy clap one down One more to go One more to go or in fact three down one more to go because that's how it works Um, we're gonna quickly go for this because we can and we're just gonna go like that Hopefully this should take them out next round I will heal myself Probably is the best option next um Just so i'm not dying for the next battle because I only have a few potions and stuff So, yeah, we'll see. Okay Not the best Okay, the block is fine. I don't really mind if gracey blocks Um, we will heal ourselves because we have so many heals in hand boom We'll do that if I'm basically full health, I'll just go straight for a um A hit on him next But we will see I don't think I will be but you never know and he might be dead anyway No, probably not but you never know hit alt or a door you want Okay, I was expecting him to block but that's fine. That's fine. I guess Um, let's just heal again. We'll do a team heal this time Just because we don't need too much health. Um, you can go there.  Nice always good to get those crit heals um And capoe and capow you were gone. Goodbye, johnny cheese Gg we did it nice work easy peasy not too difficult Seemed a lot harder on my musketeer, but hey sometimes it just be like that Or maybe it was the next fight. I don't really know. We will find out later. I guess Uh, because what's next? Oh look more Um, these are just the normal wallpipes, so I will be skipping this. Um, so yeah, I'll be back once I've defeated these guys Okay, I am back And we have to go in the sewers because you know, it's molly bone. What would it be without sewers? Obviously, um, so yeah, let's head into the sewers once again because that's where we always end up Um And we have to defeat more of them because why not? Um, so yeah, I'll be back once I've To defeat um these guys okie dokie. I am Back, let's go and explore the hideout because of course This is a sketchy place and I don't like using a mountain there. Don't like that. That is very sketchy Um, but yeah, let's head into the lair of lafitte um, we're gonna actually just potion up real quick because Yeah, we could be in trouble. Who knows though, ha ha um So yeah Hopefully this isn't too bad. I hope not. Um, but yeah in the sewers of course because where else would we be? Oh, um, and what have we got here jimmy socks? Okay, no dialogue. So I will not be doing this battle on camera I will be skipping this because I assume the boss is next Um, yeah, he's not a boss. So I'll be back in just a bit. Okay. I am Back we defeated these guys and we gotta go to the next place which is down here I tried to heal up a bit during the last wee bits of that battle Um, nobody died which was good. So hopefully we're not too bad health wise. We're decent So we shouldn't be too shouldn't be too difficult the next boss fight It's what I'm trying to say because I know this is definitely a boss fight and he's probably yep. He's orange.  Oh, so we're just gonna do normal team should be fine We just needed to feed him. So pretty simple really and he is just so you don't so you know that guy he has A pirate cheap shot three blade storm at first strike two I don't know why they give these guys pirate because he's literally not going to use it at all So, um, you know I have no clue, but it's fine. We'll just deal with it. You can go there bonnie You can go there. I'm trying to predict his path with those. It's kind of I'm trying to predict them path See where I think there we go Um, but hey, there we go. He's got a bit of damage. We're already doing well So basically what we're gonna do is just focus on him every single hit that we do will be on that one guy Um, I don't know what he what his cheats are if he does cheat. Um, so we'll find out soon, won't we? That is definitely a yes from me. Um, gotta get oh Okay, that's not cool at all Hmm. Yeah, we might have to play this a bit differently then because if that happens every single round I'm gonna be mad Because that does a lot of damage and I'm not a fan of that what we're gonna have to do is we're gonna have to charge him I didn't want to charge him, but hey Okay, we can't even do that. Um Who do that you can just compute You can't even compute them.  That's why I couldn't go all the way over to him because he reduced our movement That makes sense now um Yeah, I mean the more of these we take out the less damage they can do so it's not really like a bad thing I don't want to tap him, but hey, I'm not gonna complain about it either Um, he's moving this time. Okay, that's not too bad. So maybe it's just the first time That's fine. We should be okay. I say we will be okay block. Thank you so much I appreciate that riposte nice The more more of these guys we can get I don't need to kill them, but you know, it's just Makes my job easier Don't have to Get a whole bunch of damage taken Um attack Yep, attack me. Do it. You won't do it. You won't Okay, he did they both did uh-oh Uh-oh, uh-oh spaghetti. Oh Unfortunately, that guy did not die, but hey, we can now actually just destroy this guy pummel. Absolutely pummel I'm gonna go into envis and do a super secret big big hit on him Um, we're still out of movement. So you can't actually do much. You can do that Gracie I'm sorry, Gracie. Can you go anywhere else? You can go there Actually Gracie can't even go there. So it's fine. We'll just do that Oh, we reduced movement is so bad. I forgot how trash it is to have reduced movement Oh, I hate it so much. I hate it.  It's fine One down Which is a good start first strike block, please. Thank you so much Attack yes, thank you big boy first strike Relentless he blocked. Okay, it's fine. He doesn't have repost if he had repost. I would have been mad Hey, at least he's coming closer to Gracie Which is good attack blocked even better. His accuracy is pretty trash. No Cheap shot kills me sometimes.   We did some damage. I guess I'll just do a big boy hit on him without the double damage.  I do um mega hit really good. Let's hope that with all of us hitting this guy this time Um, we will be able to do something good. Okay. We can actually do that You can do that.  Hopefully this should be good. We will see ripo borders Uh-oh, that was not good. That was a lot of damage Yikes, he he oof Uh-oh god Yikes yikes is all I can say to that one Um, I don't think I've ever really been speechless before but whoo that came out of nowhere I did not expect that to happen Oh, that's my lack of agility again coming through. I love it. Well, Gracie you did well. Good job gg Not too bad. So despite me nearly dying nearly not I didn't though so it's fine, but nearly So, yeah, let's get the extract Um, nope, not that way this way this one here there boom There's the extract and we go to go back to the tannery So we just go back to sundries and I think that'll be the end of the episode because yeah, that's basically all the time I have to record today. Um Because I've been recording for like two hours now. We also got a badge. I don't know which badge it was but we did get a badge Um, Le Chat Noir The black cat if you don't know french it is the black cat. That's actually a pretty cool badge I might have that on by the start of the next episode. Who knows? Um, in fact, can we find it real quick? Can I find it before we get into there? Um, it'll be let's give us five seconds Quest badges and we'll go right to the back Um, they're not in any order. Which is so frustrating Okay, we can't find it. We gave ourselves 20 seconds. We couldn't find it So let's just head in and I will find it between next episode in this one I really wish they were at least in alphabetical order because I don't understand the system of how that sort of it It's just seems random But there we go. We get level 57 two levels in one episode. That is unforeseen and we also get a companion. Holy moly That's pretty cool. I did not expect to get a companion this soon, but yeah two levels in one episode crazy stuff I don't know if the other episode level was cut out, but um because I was muted I don't think it was but It could have been for all I know Um, there we go. Those are all level 54 along with Gracie Conrad So that's cool. Anyway, we're gonna move away from there because it's really loud. I will catch you all next time Thank you for watching remember to like and subscribe before we subscribe press the little bell So you know exactly when I post another video and remember to craft outside the box


Okay, so I think I was bragging about my own event, but when I was researching on these things, I was just so amazed and inspired. And you guys are in for a treat. So before we get started, there will be a Q&A after this. So that's when you're listening to a discussion, you have a question, just start thinking about it. Okay, so let's do a quick round of introductions. Hi, I'm Audrey. I was a practicing lawyer and I turned into a full-time software engineer. So I taught myself programming two years ago and I've been working professionally for close to two years. So, yeah, I'll share more of my experience there on. Hi, I'm Olivia. So I founded Sucrose Garn, which is a software and technology company. I've been in tech for about 15 or so years, even though I don't count when I was a bit younger. So this is really fantastic to see so many people turning out in this size of women in technology. I think I've done technology events in a number of different continents and it's really impressive to see how many women are here. Hi, my name is Nitya. I'm originally from India and I did bachelor's in computer science and I've been in this industry for the last five years. I've been working in different countries and continents through these five years and seeing the scene of women in technology across. And I really believe that this is an amazing field. Everybody should come on board and enjoy the benefits. So I work with Facebook. I'm a partner engineer in Facebook and we basically work with different partners and I helped millions of developers, so software developers out there to build rich and engaging apps using the Facebook platform. So basically we work with anything that you see like login with Facebook, play with Facebook, share on Facebook or any integration that you have with your apps like Candy Crush. You see what your friend is playing on which level he's playing. We basically work with developers out there to help them integrate with Facebook. So facing all of the developers and helping them build with us is something that I do day to day. So really passionate about this technology and industry. Okay, so Olivier had to leave at night so let me ask you your question first. Sure. So your company is amazing. For Facebook has like what, 2% female engineers? Probably a little bit more now. Wow. When we first started we didn't have that many engineers that were female. It was mainly a male dominated kind of business. But we put our heads together with, I don't know if anyone here is familiar with Malcolm Treadnick from the open source community. He worked for me for many years in a previous role and he was always a great supporter of women in tech. We started to target to get more women involved and not just women but quite a diversity of different types of people. So we're very outcome driven in what we do in our business so we don't really care who you are, where you come from. In fact we prefer it. We give people around the world ticket after they've worked for us for a year so that they can learn different experiences around the world. And because of that flexibility we've ended up with a lot of women as well. So women with children, so on and so forth. So flexibility is a secret to diversity? I'm not too sure, kind of snowballed. So we started off with a few women and then more women would apply because they saw other women in it. And yeah, I guess that's how it's happened. So awesome. So I want to ask the next question to Audrey. So when you talk about a woman engineer, I know Nitya is from school. She has a CS degree but Audrey, you are like a white thing. She went from lawyer in Singapore to software engineer in Silicon Valley, just like a makeup tech industry in two years. So big fan for now. Not for now, like before I asked the question now. So tell us about your learning journey. How was it like, was it tough to look for the language to learn? Yeah it was. So the whole journey is definitely not a walking part. It's very tough. I started because I wasn't interested in practicing law and I wanted to look for something else to do. And I looked up programming and I started with JavaScript, frontend programming. And it seemed interested to me and that kept me going on. And I didn't hit a brick wall when I was deciding back in language to learn. So I was choosing between languages like Ruby, Python, Node.js. Before I decided to pick up a language for a goal. And that just kept me going. The more I built stuff and the more I practiced programming, I found that I really liked it. So that keeps me going. And I mean, for somebody who knows CS degree, I think it's a lot tougher because you have to teach yourself and you have to pick up things yourself. And back then when I was learning, there wasn't a program like this. There wasn't a program like Tech Ladies that had this mentorship program which was what I was looking for at that point in time. So a lot of the learning was just done by myself online with whatever materials that I've got. But I do think that I would have benefited a lot if I had a mentorship program like this. So it's tough. You'll get rejections. You'll face some rejections.  So a lot of the journey is about learning and proving yourself and just being very self-motivated. I want to explore that topic a little bit more. So apart from facing rejections and going without you, what are the biggest challenges you had while you were learning how to code? Biggest challenges, I think maybe it was one of the challenges was looking for mentorship. So I didn't mention it was really important. It's difficult to find a mentor who truly understands and truly has a patience to guide you along. I think that's very rare in the industry at least from my experience. Because sometimes people who are experienced are so good and they assume a lot of concepts that you may know, but they've been in this industry for so long and they've forgotten what it was like to be a beginner. So finding a mentorship is one thing. Another thing was it was just really like facing skepticism from people, people looking at you, wondering if you're up to the task and other people who have like a lot more experience than you do. But I think you get over it by building and shitting stuff, improving that you can build like equally good products. Okay, so the next question I'll probably expand it out to the whole panel. So for Olivia, your perspective as a Hira, your perspective as someone who works in a team and also Audrey without a CS degree. So do you think that having a CS degree really matters in getting a software engineer a job? At the first thought, like me saying it like, yeah, I have a CS degree, but if I say no, you don't require it, it would sound a bit lame, but I'm just taking an example of my fiancé. He doesn't have a CS degree. He's pretty much basically from the same background as me, but he's really successful and way higher in the career ladder than me. It was just that he studied electronics and then he was like, I don't think this is what resonates with me.  There should be a better way to do things and if the better way is what, and he really enjoyed. So I think this is the trucks he really enjoyed solving the problem and it didn't feel like work to him. Like when he was one of my mentors and when he mentors me, it doesn't feel like work to him, but it feels like work to me. Like, hey, come on, let's take a break. I'm like, no, we're not working, we're enjoying, we're solving problems. So I would say like looking at him, I think there's practically no advantage that I have or disadvantage that he has in the whole scenario.   You think you can think of groundbreaking solutions, this industry is for you. Nothing is going to be stopping you from entering here and being a successful startup or next Zuckerberg if you can say. I totally agree with you on that. I think there's some things that you can learn which are skills. I mean software, learning software, learning to code are very much skill-based and if you're creative it comes even easier because it's all about problem solving. If you come from a design background, I think it's much easier to move into the problem solving that's around it which sounds a little bit against the norm. But some of the most creative people I know are very, very good programmers and in fact the majority of people that work for us either do art or they do music is the most popular thing that people do or just travel. Which is also a good thing. But if you've got the right attitude you can always learn the skills. And not all software engineers that are really good software engineers have got a CS degree for a number of different reasons and on industry certifications and specializations are always extremely important to be able to take you to the next level. In saying that obviously, if you can indulge in something that you're learning to be able to achieve then that's something that you look for but we wouldn't reject someone just because they don't know how to say its degree. So I think that CS fundamentals are still very important in software programming but one thing that I've discovered along the way is that even without a CS degree or CS education you can still teach yourself CS. The materials are out there for you to learn by yourself. And one interesting thing that I noticed is that if you come with a fresh mind you are approaching a problem with a fresh mind and from a unique set of perspectives that's your own and that's not affected by a formal education. So you bring with you fresh perspectives when you tackle a problem and you can turn that into a strength if you want. Okay, so we'll talk about what it's okay you don't have a CS degree as long as you have CS fundamentals. So I want to... So basically like Lita, a coding user, you know what Java, PHP, HTML5, is there anything you don't know. And Sakuraskai does a lot of different kind of technologies and Audrey, you started with the Python movie eventually ended up with Go. So could you share with beginners in the audience how do you pick what to learn out of the mess of all the different languages? How do you, where do you even start? Okay, I think maybe my answer might be a bit different from the rest of the audience and even like the task that is there for the techniques but to me programming language was never a barrier as in like the fundamentals are always the fundamentals across all the languages. And I think the different languages came up for the reason of each language trying to solve a different problem. So it's basically same fundamentals, different problems are to be solved so different languages came up. The way, and for example, for recruitment in terms of like Facebook, Google and other tech companies, languages never a barrier. You can practically code and solve a problem in any language that you're comfortable in and that's how I came here. But in terms of starting to learn a language I started with Frontend because again like they say, I was an artist and I was really creative and I'm a very visual person. So back in was not something that was really attracting and pulling me versus seeing something on the screen and me making a site, making things there was the most attractive thing and that's how I started with Frontend and even with Frontend, even with HTML5, CSS, JavaScript you can cover pretty much the entire computer fundamentals. So it should be basically you picking up what is the most important problem you like to solve and then using that to really break through all the fundamentals and computer science and understanding it and it could be Ruby, it could be PHP, it could be anything. Do you want to take this side? No worries, okay that's easier. I actually taught myself to program when I was about 15, 16 and was working for a radio station at the time on the media front and the web guy went away on holidays and so I took over his duties because I really wanted to style it a certain way and much like yourself I actually was studying at art college and have some qualifications in fine arts so I think if you're a visual person and you want to see something very immediate it makes a lot of sense to be doing something that is web tech or something as a front end or objective sea of swift or something along those lines because you can see very rapidly what you're doing and create something and feel like you've got what you're creating. If you're more interested in something a little bit more analytical Python is great although you can kind of get lost in your web so Ruby is a great team sport we find that with our teams we can have a lot more people working on the same thing I know that other people will argue with that and there's more purist thoughts and many are political and religious argument but really go with something that makes sense to you do it, get some results see something visual and feel like you've achieved something because there's no one way to do it whilst there's protocols to learn to do it there's no one way so I think the biggest barrier especially for women when they're learning it because they don't see many of their peers doing it is that they don't think what they've done is right and you're usually right it's just really hard to get to the result so you've just got to persevere Okay, so we'll short pause on this and I'll describe it for a while although you have to go before she because she has to call at nine so give her a round of applause to Olivia she's really great Audrey, why go? Right So to answer the question I think you should just go with one of the languages that you like Is that right? Go with one of the languages? Maybe People will come and tell you that you should learn this and you should learn that but ultimately if you like a language, you're well motivated to carry on with it so just check out the different languages try them out and if you like them, just go with that but having said that if you're surrounded by a community of a certain language people who can guide you for the language, for example, Ruby then it might be easier for you to just go with language but it's a strong community because it's a lot quicker to get feedback and analysis and as to why I chose Go I think I just liked it I looked at Baikon, Ruby and then I looked at Go and Go just seemed to me like a really nice language but you can't explain it you just like the way it looks the glossopies and the concepts behind it so I went with and I really did like it Awesome So when it comes to learning new languages, what are some of the common Thank you What are some of the common misconceptions that you see coming from women or it could be coming from men Is programming all about math? It's one I always hear Okay, I'll be really honest I do think it's about math However, having said that I've read that even the creator of Rails thinks that it's not a new math he thinks that if you grew up languages you can program because programming is an expressive thing but for me when I'm programming, I'm looking at it from a mathematical point of view I love math and when I got to programming this really this is so in line with my mathematical sensibility so I would say that it's a math thing but I mean whether it's women or men I think it doesn't matter women can love math too women can love programming too so you just try it out you might find that you like it, just go in there with it I have a slightly different opinion maybe because I think we code on different stuff like when I do front-end or when we develop websites it's not essentially always math so some of the misconceptions that I hear is programming is really difficult even to get started with and that CS degree is like a groundbreaking thing that I can never get over and it's a really stressful job and it's not for women and in the sense women have an inherent disadvantage but trust me I think it can never get as flexible as it gets for us I would believe, you just need a computer sit in front of the computer when you want to it could be 2 am, it could be like 12 pm it doesn't matter and most of, I think most of our industries focus on impact in the terms of what you build, like what is the product they don't really see whether you are doing it 9 to 5 or whether you came in like 5 minutes later or how hard you worked, all of those actually don't matter, so I think there's like no issues in terms of degree there's no issues in terms of like you being good in math at some point of your time in your school or it's really it's again just to me it's just problem solving what your brain does naturally, you just tell the computer do this, so that's basically like programming for me so for example one of the algorithms that we learn in CS degrees, shortest path algorithm where you say point A to B, what is the shortest path your brain can exactly tell walk this way, this is the shortest path and that's practically what we tell the program to do, like okay if these are the various options, tell me the shortest path I think that's how I would recommend you look at this whole scenario say like, yeah it's something that I can understand and I should be able to put it in words and like that actually I would like to add actually, none of you mentioned it I think it really depends on which area of programming that you're working on because for example a language like CSS where you style your HTML I don't think that's very mathematical at all it's not very logical language if you have experience with it so really depends on which stack of the technology you're working on I think you can talk a little bit about the industry, how it's you know don't care what I'm sure it's not things I've done, so I know that you have experiences working in India and also Singapore and Argy and Silicon Valley and also Singapore so could you share with the audience how is it like in these different countries is there sexism or is there diversity in different countries and what do you observe well my experience may be I might not be able to make that comparison between Silicon Valley and Singapore company because when I moved to Silicon Valley I was still within the same company from the Singapore office to the US office so most of the operations were generally the same except that you get like more perks over there for free lunch and but I do care about people like my friends my female friends who have had sexism, sexism remarks made to them very like a lot of Parismen online and online I was fortunate. I didn't get any of that sexism like over sexism within my company or outside of my company in fact the community that I hang out with and mostly the global community in the US they're all pretty civil, pretty nice so yeah I think my experience was quite different in the sense that I guess we are really fortunate back in India that basically I would say pretty much 50% of the early career stages 50% of the employed forces women so we actually like I never felt this was a problem until I came out of India to see the rest of the world that people are not actually even encouraged to get into this career saying you don't do well in maths or science because we never had that issue back then like 50% would graduate from engineering, 50% would join the workforce but we only had a problem of retaining amazing women in the pipeline going up in the career path because they would drop off at some point so looking at that and then coming here I would really encourage you girls to say that there's really nothing stopping you from doing what I did back home or the rest of the women do here because it's something that's totally equal opportunities are available and there's like no physical barrier physically stressful job and you are there's absolutely no disadvantage that we have in this job because we're just going to be creative and we're going to be thinking so I think I had an amazing experience from where I came from and I think Singapore should also have that soon like pretty soon we should be able to see a lot more people. Awesome At this point in time I'll take another brain independent discussion. Does anyone have any question for these ladies? No one? Any questions? Okay then my last question there so you know this audience is a group of people who are really looking to learn programming or are interested to learn what is one advice that you would give to them? Well I can only share my experience the thing that keeps me going is that I love programming and so that keeps me going it's a tough industry especially if you come if you're so new and you don't have a CS background you didn't start programming and you were 10 years old so I mean just find one of the help you can get. You have to benefit from this program I get to know your mentors I get to know people within the community there are lots of meet up groups that you can attend. If you're interested in Ruby go and attend Ruby groups get to hear about what people are talking about Ruby to meet the Rubyists there's like a meet up for Python so get to know all these people who have experience and learn from them I mean I wouldn't call this advice per se but imagine a time when there was no programming and you had to do all the tasks you had to manually do all the tasks exactly. Just go back five years and think of yourself doing all of those and think of yourself doing them in your day to day jobs. Can you imagine what a drastic change this has made and this is not superpower it is like normal human being who's done all these stuff so I would definitely like try to think for a moment what if I could make this change for the next person or today it's so easy to be able to impact so many people in this world like make a great app or make a website it could be like for an NGO it could be for yourself, it could be a timer app it could be anything and it costs nothing and it just really impacts your life, makes your life easy automates things that you hate to do basically like copying and pasting from an excel sheet so that's basically the whole motive of this and it also ends up connecting all of us into a one global village so I would say anytime you feel frustrated like hey this is really difficult for me just take a pause and see how much this has changed your life change everybody's life around you and you just need to take that one extra mile of effort and you would be the next person changing the world for the next generation awesome, thank you Nitya such a great and really incredible person this is all the time that we have so they will still be hanging out if you'd like to talk to them, ask them questions thank you so much


So, I'm Prasad, I'm working with ThoughtWorks for the last six and a half years now and being a QA prior to that was with Persistent System, again a Pune based firm. Being always a QA, doing whatever comes the way, functional has been my forte and particularly in ThoughtWorks, the role goes in more of a consultant sort of a side and that's the reason being aware of the best practices, able to tell people what the right thing are or what the problems are raising concerns is sort of our major worker, could say bread runner. So, today I'm going to talk about how a lot of us are doing automation. Can I have a raise of hand? How many of us do automations? Great, all of them. How many of us are PMs, project managers or tech leads or something like that? Great, great. So, I think in all of our career, a lot of times we get into a situation where either we have to start an automation for a legacy system or we have to take a legacy automation and then go ahead and we always come across problems and then we apply either hacks or either our historical whatever solutions we know. I think they save us, they do help us for some time, however on a longer run they do fail and at least from my experience, yes, I have seen such problems within our projects as well. So, what I'm going to talk about is trying to say, put my case study ahead and also say what are the type of thought process which I have kept in mind and which has helped us to build a scalable product in terms of automation. I wanted to know from you guys, is there anything else expectations from it? What do you want to listen? I can see if I can manage that or I can park it out. Anyone? From this, when you are here, what are you expecting? Something, right? Something, no? Blank slate, I can fill in anything? Great. I'll take it as golden silences, yes. Cool. So, we had a raise of hands and we had a lot of people say why we automate, right? They do automate. So, anyone can tell me why we automate right now in any of our projects, why we choose the path of automation. I think we have heard enough in the morning, but someone who can give me, sorry, perfect, maybe not boring for everyone maybe, but yes, reduce time, save time, stop doing the redundant work, faster feedback, right? Right now we have heard terminologies like continuous integration and all and a lot of us going into that mode of building automation, right? We need to run those tests.


And how did I know that? Well, there are theories and hypothesis that tells us that initially our planet was not how it looks like today. It was a hot mass of gases which over millions of years cooled down and took the present day shape. Those gases cooled down, it condensed, it got mixed together to form compounds and molecules which are now the basis of life. Now I would like to discuss an experiment with you, which will make you believe that whatever I just said is actually true. So the experiment was about the elemental analyzers of the Earth's crust. And it was found that it contained hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and so on. Well, you would say, what's big deal in that? Well, the big deal was that these lifeless elements were seen to make up living cells as well, living organisms like you and me. But the only difference was that the abundance of these elements in the human body and the Earth's crust was different. These are the percentage weight of hydrogen, carbon and all these elements in human and in the Earth's crust. Now don't you think it's surprising and weird at the same time? I mean, I find it difficult to even think that the ingredients that make me and the ingredients that make up this lifeless Earth's crust is the same. Well, it was found that it's all the magic of the compounds that are formed out of these lifeless elements inside living cells. Now organic compounds that contains carbon, thus the magic, they form something called the biomolecules, the molecules that fuel up the life that we have. And the name clearly screams what it actually is, Biomins life and biomolecules are molecules which are formed only in living cells. Now this magical molecule of life can be broadly classified into four different types. One that has carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, we call them carbohydrates or carbs. Then we have another compound which is also made of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, but we call them lipids. Okay. Well, now if you're thinking how can carbon, hydrogen and oxygen make both carbs and lipids? Well, it is just like how your mom uses the same masalas in your kitchen, but creates completely different dishes out of it, okay? And then we have the third one which has carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen in it. And we call them the proteins. And the last category of biomolecule which has carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus attached to it, we call it nucleic acids. And in this video, let's briefly discuss about each of these biomolecules and we will start with carbohydrates. Now when I say carbohydrates, it is very natural for you to imagine a picture of bread or a bowl of rice or potatoes or maybe sugar. And you're very correct because these are food items which are loaded with carbohydrates. And when we eat these kind of foods, our digestive system breaks it down into the simplest form of carbohydrate so that it can be absorbed into our bloodstream, right? Now the simplest form of carbohydrates are glucose, galactose and fructose. So even now when you're watching this video, these three guys are rushing in your bloodstream. And it is this simplest form of carbohydrate that is used by our mitochondrias to generate ATP. And carbohydrates are a food which gives us a lot of energy. Now imagine a situation where you have consumed a lot of carbohydrates and your body don't require that much carbohydrate at the moment. So it's a natural tendency of your body or your body cells to store the carbohydrates. And how will it store? It will join a lot of glucose unit together, hundreds of them together and will store in the liver cells. And this stored form of carbohydrate is called glycogen. Now plants do the same and the stored form of carbohydrate in plants are called starch. Now whenever an organism is scarce of carbohydrate, it can utilize this stored carbohydrates and derive energy from it. Now in plants apart from starch, we also see another kind of complex carbohydrate which is called cellulose. Here is a cotton plant and cotton is made of cellulose which is again a carbohydrate. Now here cellulose is not providing energy, instead it is providing structure to the plant. So what can we derive from here? Carbohydrates not only provide energy but also structure in case of plants. Now as we are talking about binding or weaving together glucose or the simplest units together and we also discussed about breaking them into smaller units that is digestion. Now how is this breaking and making happening? Well in carbohydrates two simple units join together by a process called dehydration. That means removal of a water molecule and when this water molecule is removed there is a covalent bond made between two simplest units. Now there is actually a carbohydrate in which glucose and galactose is bound together. We call it lactose and where do we find lactose? We find them in milk. So next time when you hear someone saying that hey I am lactose intolerant okay I don't drink milk. Then you should know that that person do not have the enzyme in their digestive system to break down lactose into glucose and galactose because after all when you drink milk it has to be broken down into the simplest units so that it can be absorbed by the cells because our body can only utilize the simplest units. And talking about breaking this lactose molecule it's super easy you just need to add water in here again which is hydrolysis. So here the breaking is done by hydrolysis and making is done by dehydration. That's how long chain of carbohydrates are either made or broken down. So this was about carbohydrates. Now let's move on to another biomolecule which is the lipids. Now what do we understand by lipids? Fats and oils? Well it is so much more. From the wax in your ear to the glossy finish that you see on the leaf of your favorite plant it is all lipids. When your body is done with utilizing carbohydrates for energy it then moves on to lipids. So lipids gives us energy and unlike carbohydrates it is not instant though but it is a long term energy that we get which is stored in our body in the form of fats. So we can call lipids as a long term energy source. And think of animals that are in the poles. They have fats which acts like an insulation for them. So lipids play a lot of different roles. Now we can just go on counting the greatness of lipids. It is that important. But let's pause for a moment and let me ask you something. Butter and oil are both lipids. Now if these two fall under the class of lipids how can one be solid and the other be liquid at the room temperature? What do you think? Well the answer lies in their molecular structure. So this is a triglyceride which is a type of lipid.   Now these fatty acid chains are nothing but long carbon and hydrogen chains. Now if there is a single bond between two carbon this chain is said to be saturated. But if there are double bond between carbon then the chain is said to be unsaturated. And do you see I have made a bend in the chain when I draw the double bond? Well this is just to show you that whenever there is a double bond or whenever the chain is unsaturated the fatty acid chain bends. Now if the chains are saturated that means the chains are straight like this they can be stacked properly one above the other and can be compactly placed right? But if these chains are of various shape I mean imagine they are bending at various positions can you compactly place them? No right? They will be very loosely packed. So now you got the answer. Unsaturated fats are loosely packed and that's why it is liquid at room temperature while saturated fats can be compactly placed and that's why it is solid at room temperature. Now I need not tell you that oil never mixes with water. That means lipids they never mix with water. But have you ever thought of the cell membrane? Cell membrane or membrane of other organelles are made of lipids and if we talk about cell membrane it is suspended in liquid. It has the extracellular matrix outside and the cytoplasm inside. So how does it manage? Well they manage in this aqueous medium because of the type of lipid that makes up the cell membrane. It is not a triglyceride but another kind of lipid which we call the phospholipid. The glycerol and the two fatty acid is exactly the same but to one carbon atom of glycerol instead of another fatty acid we have a phosphate here. Now what happens when a phosphate is attached? The phosphate head is hydrophilic that means it is attracted to water. On the other hand the fatty acid chains are hydrophobic that means it repels water and we often draw it this way. So now when it comes to cell membrane these phospholipids are arranged this way. So this is the phosphate head and it will have these two fatty acid chains facing each other. And imagine this is the extracellular matrix and this is the cytoplasm inside of the cell. And to give you a better picture here is a phospholipid bilayer that is our cell membrane. As you can see it has phosphate on both the sides which is facing the liquid or the equus medium and the fatty acid chains are packed inside so that it don't get in touch with the external equus medium. So this was about lipids. Now let's move on to another biomolecule which is the proteins. But before I start protein I can see that it's been over 10 minutes you are sitting and watching this video. So I would like you to do certain body movements just stretching yourself which is good for better concentration.  Now can you tell what is this hair made up of? Well it's made up of a type of protein. Okay now we'll bring our hands down and then we'll look at our nails. Now what are these nails made up of? And our kind of protein. Okay now we'll stand up straight, walk up to the mirror and look at ourselves. The beautiful skin that we are gifted with what is it made up of? Proteins again. Right? Okay now get back to the video. So as you just saw we are loaded with proteins from top to bottom. And where do we get these proteins from? From our diet. And therefore it's very correctly said that we are literally what we eat. The proteins we eat are broken down into its simplest unit so that our body can absorb and the simplest units of proteins are called amino acids. Now there are tons of different amino acids in nature but we humans can literally make up any protein we require out of just 20 amino acids. And here are three among them. Now before you get overwhelmed with the structure of these amino acids let me simplify it for you. In all the three structures that you see you will see a central carbon attached to a hydrogen which we call the alpha carbon. And then to the left we have an amine group, NH2 and to the right you see a carboxyl group. Now this will stay same for almost all amino acids that our body utilizes. The only difference will lie in the group which is attached to the alpha carbon down here. As you can see in alanine, aspartic acid and lysine this group, the one down here is different and we call it the R group. Now our cells stitches these amino acids together to form proteins, the proteins that our body need. Now how do they stitch them together? By forming bond between them. And just like in carbohydrate bond is formed through dehydration and that bond is called the peptide bond. Now you can compare this with how words are formed out of letters. The letters are all jumbled up but we connect them together to form words that has meanings in it. This linear structure is called the primary structure but we cannot call it a protein yet it is not functional. It has to undergo certain foldings in order to form a functional protein. So this primary structure folds into helices and pleated sheets and it is called the secondary structure. And here you can see apart from peptide bond they also have this wide dotted lines which are the hydrogen bonds that is maintaining the shape of the helices or pleated sheets that they form. And again this secondary structure is not functional. Three of these secondary structures bind together to form a tertiary structure. It is this structure that we actually call a protein, a functional protein. The enzymes are an example of the tertiary structure. Okay. Oh again I forgot to mention that these amino acids which are bond together by peptide bonds forming long chains and then forming all these structures are called polypeptides. And also the proteins don't stop at the tertiary structure. They go a step further. There are proteins where four secondary structures bind together to form a quaternary protein and we have a very famous example which is the hemoglobin. It is a tertiary structure of protein. Now we all know about insulin. How important it is? It regulates our blood sugar. It is a very much functional protein but do you know it is a primary structure of protein which is functional. So even though I said that primary structures and secondary structures are not functional they all have certain exceptions. Okay. Okay. Now let's move ahead to the next biomolecule which is nucleic acids. Nucleic acids. Now I like to call them as the boss biomolecule. Why you ask? Well because they form DNAs and RNAs and these are the boss in each and every cell of your body. Don't you agree? Because they instruct what needs to happen inside every cell of yours. And these DNA and RNA or let's just say nucleic acids are actually formed of certain building blocks and the building blocks of nucleic acids are called nucleotides. They have a phosphate group which is attached to a pentose sugar, a five carbon sugar and this five carbon sugar is again attached to a nitrogenous base, NB, okay. Now this phosphate and sugar bond is same for all nucleotides that are found but these nitrogenous bases are different. So let's see what all nitrogenous bases we have. We have guanine, adenine, cytosine and thiamine. So these four nitrogenous bases are seen in a DNA but when it comes to RNA instead of thiamine we get to see another nitrogenous base which is called uracil. Okay. Now let me tell you how these nucleotides are bound to each other. And for that we have a bunch of nucleotides here, okay. And here a covalent bond is formed between a phosphate and a sugar of adjacent nucleotides. And this is how the RNA structure is made. We just need to replace thiamine with uracil. But as you can see in the RNA structure it has open nitrogenous base ends, right. And this makes the structure somewhat unstable. And gradually over time the DNA molecule was evolved which was more stable than the RNA molecule. And the stability was very important for these molecules as they are the hereditary material of any living organism, right. Now for the DNA molecule the adjacent nucleotide are not just attached with the phosphate, sugar, covalent bond but they are also attached through their nitrogenous bases. And they bind together through hydrogen bonds between them, okay. So adenine always binds to thiamine with two hydrogen bonds and guanine always decides to same with three hydrogen bonds. So these lines that you see between the spirals, these are nothing but nitrogenous bases forming hydrogen bonds together. So this is how the DNAs and RNAs are formed.  So these biomolecules are really amazing. And if you're curious to learn more about them we have videos and articles waiting for you on our Khan Academy website.


Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasebreaks.com coming at you with the Lakers Warriors Heat, Nick Celtics, Wizard, Hawks, Cavs, Number Block, randomizer for Obsidian, pick your team one. There you go. That's how it works right there. All non numbered cards will be randomized as one lot at the end of the break. So there's probably some base card and stuff that aren't numbered so we'll just collect them as a group for these teams and randomize it to one person here. So keep that in mind. Big thanks to the people who bought their spots straight up and Congrats again to the winners here. There are the numbers right there. Let's roll it. Let's randomize each list three and a four lucky seven times one two three four five six and seven Josh down to Paul and then seven times for the numbers one and Seventh and final time after seven we've got eight down to nine Josh you have eight Sean with one Tim with six William with five Jason with four Courtney with seven Matthew with zero Sean with two C with three and Paul with nine so Matthew you'll get any and all redemptions For that group of teams right there including one of one redemptions, but Sean Matic You'll still get any live one of ones that we pull So there you have it in a separate video will be the break itself the other number block will also be in a separate video So check that out if you're looking for that. I'm Joe. I'll see you next time for the next one. Bye. Bye