Our next speaker is a little nervous and has a lack of imagination, so if you could all strip down to your underwear, we can save that step. It's my pleasure to introduce Kolasar. Thank you. Okay. This is white space. It's a different approach to JavaScript obfuscation. This came about through my work. I deal with a lot of obfuscated JavaScript dealing with incidents, people's machines getting infected, and I kept seeing the same things over and over and over again. And, is that better? And I started noticing patterns, people using the same techniques, same things, and I noticed things that seemed to show up in every single piece of obfuscated JavaScript. So, because I got tired of seeing these, my first thought was, what would make my job more difficult? So, I went about the process of figuring it out, and basically this is what I came up with. Well, I just answered what it is. So, what I'm going to do is I'm going to talk about white space, basically what it is, which I kind of discovered. I'm going to go a brief survey of current JavaScript obfuscation methods, just in case you're not familiar. I'll show what I consider the telltale indicators of JavaScript obfuscation. These are the things that when I manually search through it, and when automated processes go through to try to detect IDS IPSs, this is what they look for to say, all right, obfuscated JavaScript, check it down. And then I'll detail the components of the approach, and we'll go for a demo. So, the first question, of course, is what is white space? Peter will be happy. Basically, again, I apologize for repeating. It hides, basically it hides the telltale indicators of obfuscation. And again, it's not detectable by the standard JavaScript obfuscation methods, detection methods, automated and manual. Now, is anybody, how many people here are familiar with obfuscated JavaScript? Okay, for those who aren't familiar with it, what they do is basically, they encode the JavaScript. I'll give examples of it in the talk, and it's basically, they do it to hide what they're trying to do. Usually they try to hide things like exploit code and generally hidden iframes, iframes with the size set to 0011. So then they can pull the source from a malicious site and infect your machine. This is probably the most common sample of obfuscated JavaScript you're going to see. The top one is just ASCII encoded values. And if you were to decode that, that's an iframe with a bunch of other stuff in there. The bottom one is unicode, same thing. And they'll do this because when people look at it, their eyes glaze over. They don't know what it is and they figured, ah, it's probably okay. And they'll let it run on their machine. Another very common method is they will use an XOR. So if somebody looks in and says, okay, I recognize the first values as an iframe, I know my ASCII codes. That's fine. They'll do this. It's not familiar. But then again, if you recognize the ASCII codes, you can probably forget this one out. Another method that's commonly used is they'll do XORing with characters as opposed to the ASCII codes. And probably the simplest one is when they just split the strings to confuse people so they can't understand it. They don't know what's happening. Then we get into encryption. This actually has real math. Kind of an actual algorithm that's involved in processing and hiding the data. And another thing which is simple, but this is more to confuse the people looking at it manually, is they'll use non-obvious valuable names, functions against the people looking at it. They read it. They don't understand it. So what this boils down, if you look through the samples, the telltale indicators. We have val, unescape, document write, and probably the biggest giveaway is a large block of meaningless text, basically all the encoding, and everything that they do to try to hide what they're trying to do on your machine. You can see some samples here. And this is from the slides earlier. So we have the val, the unescape, document write, and on the bottom, like I said, a large block of basically garbage meaningless text. So what I do to get around this so it can't be detected, is I take advantage of the fact that JavaScript is object-oriented. I walk through the objects, I enumerate to retrieve the methods, so we don't have anything in the script that says document write, a val, unescape, and I use white space to encode the iframe and the data that I want to have. That eliminates the large chunk of meaningless text. So in this approach, we start with, of course, this object. We iterate through to find the methods. In this case, I'm looking for, first, the document, and the way I go through this is we know in this object there are a limited number of objects that are eight characters, and there's only one that has a d as the first character and this d as the last. So that gives me a reference to the document object. From that, the document object, I go for the right method of the document object using the same method. If there are any questions, please feel free to shut up. From there, then the next thing we have to do is do a get element by ID. This allows me to access the data on the page itself and inner HTML in order to grab the HTML on the page. So from this point after this, the next part is, of course, encoding and decoding what we want to do, the hidden iframe or the malicious code in white space. So I reduce the binary, use tabs for zeros, spaces for ones, and we read through the document. The bottom line is actually a call, as you see, through this document, get element by ID. And in this proof of concept, I have a name tag. Obviously that can be eliminated easily by modifying your code. And then I retrieve the data, split it by line. Again, all the function calls are at least the inner HTML. It's not there. Nothing that should trigger either an automatic or manual search through the code. And this is the code that actually decodes the white space and creates the string that in this example here will have an iframe that hits another page. It's going to be the quickest talk in DEF CON history. And this here is my call to document write. This is the key. Your val would look like that. Your unescape of val. And this is, like I said, normally, obviously, it's not going to be commented, but normally you'd have a document write and these are the things that people search for. This is what is in the code that I have. And I'm not going to see it, hopefully. Obviously there are limitations. This is JavaScript. You have to push the decode, the decryption code onto the client machine. So they do have it to look at. There may be ways around this. I don't know any, but... And I'm going to show just a quick demo of what it does. Before I jump to the demo, I just want to say thanks to a few people. The... I'll just leave the person on the bottom list. The guy in the middle helped me with the code that... The demo code that's going to obfuscate the JavaScript. And you'll see that in a second. And the guy on top has just helped me through all this stuff and my career at this company. So I would be morally wrong to not thank him. So we'll go to the demo. Now that... In this case, this page here, this is from a hidden iFrame that's pulled off the system. Obviously, it could be remote. If we take a look at the source, you'll see that this is the normal body, normal part of the HTML. And this is my code. Obviously, this page has been shortened for the demo if it's in a large web page. This would blend in. If you look at the jagged edges here, that's the white space. That's where the iFrame is encoded. And then, of course, we have this to do it. And this is... You put whatever you want in here. This is the code. This is your decoding code. Or actually, with minor modification, this could be any code, and it will modify it. It'll encode the white space on this code. And that's, again, shortest talk in DefCon history. But we have any questions or... I apologize for running through it. Yeah. I don't know. I didn't see his. What's the... I know I heard something that he puts... He encodes some stuff with white space. I'm not sure if he does the iteration through the object methods to get... Okay. Actually, it was tough. I talked to one... I talked to a number of vendors. We had one specifically that our company uses. I worked with them. And it took them a while. I don't know what they're detecting. It'll work, but I'm not quite sure. Because if you look at the sample again, what this does, this particular one, and the way I have it set, is it basically puts one character per line, so you have a large chunk of white space. If you have a large amount of code that you're hiding your iframe in, you can put one bit on each line. So it becomes a lot harder to detect. You're not looking at... each string of combination of tabs and spaces at the end of a line. You could just have one tab at the end of one line, a space at the end of another, and encode it that way. So I'm not sure how they would detect it. That would work. Unfortunately... Oh, I'm sorry. I was asked if you could detect the difference in what the code does by stripping out the extraneous white space. And that would actually break it. Unfortunately, right now, nobody does that. Nobody seems to want to. That's the simplest solution to this, but nobody seems to want to alter the pages as they bring them in to run it. No, actually it's not. It's pure... I'm not even doing a Caesar shift. It's pure asking and coding. I have tabs for zero, spaces for one. I'm not changing the characters. Yeah, it's not complicated. Oh, thank you. I thought you were questioning it. I'm being defensive. I apologize. I've never spoken to a crowd a tenth of this size. So if I'm shaking visibly, rush the stage when I faint. Sorry. Correct. They don't right now. Well, possibly through a custom interpreter, you could, but IPS and IDS systems at this point don't seem to do that. They seem to, because of the speed concerns, they're getting hundreds or thousands of hits, especially if you're in a large-sized company, just to keep the machines running as fast as possible. So they can't spend a lot of time. I know we're talking milliseconds versus hundreds of milliseconds, but if you've got a company that's got 40,000 employees and you know at least half of them are surfing the Internet at any one given time, they can't go through all this at that level, or they don't currently because of performance reasons. So this, as I said, this does get passed, the ones that we've tested it with. Yes, I've seen where they'll pull, like random bits of code, or they'll put, they'll have the large chunk of data, but they'll like assemble it by pulling random pieces. So basically a more complex version of, wrong slide. I don't have the slides up. The one where I had it split up into different, where I had them concatenate at the end. Basically a more complex version. I've even seen ones which I wasn't going to put up here. There's a well-known kit called Neosploit, which actually will use, reference the decryption code as part of the key. So you can't alter it, or do anything to it because then it breaks entirely. You'll never see what it does. Oh yeah, I use Spider Monkey and I love it. It's a similar thing, but yes, doing it manually, if somebody is manually trying to reverse it and using the correct tools, they'll be able to see it. But what this was meant to hide obviously was somebody going through. Because I know for those of us who do it, if you page through, you can open up a massive HTML page and you basically page down as fast as you can, and you're going to see that big chunk of text. I mean, you catch it, you may not react into one or two clicks later, but I mean, those of you who've done it, you know what I'm talking about, and it just flies by and it's like, okay, that's it, you're back up, there it is. You know what you're looking for. So this evades that, and as you said, the automatic methods. If you do it manually who are trying, they know there's something there and they're not going to give up because they can't see it, they should be able to find it. But again, the automated tools don't use them. Did everybody hear that? Okay, what you're saying is a very good point. As opposed, I think, and correct me if I'm wrong, I think what you're saying is as opposed to putting the white space at the end of the lines, you could actually, if the document itself contains tabs, you can convert those tabs to spaces inside the body of the document. Inside the body of the code, correct? Yes, that is another possibility.  There are a ton of different ways. I'm sorry, I couldn't hear that. Yep, yes, there's Yes, and that's probably the IDS and IPS systems won't catch that. That may look like somebody looking at it visually, but generally people put up their web page, their code, and they're done. They put the page up, they say, oh, it works, thank god. And then they run away and do something else. So, any other? Well, sorry, good. Actually, some of them do. But that's a recent development. A lot of them are just now starting to come out with obfuscated JavaScript signatures. So, most of them didn't have them. They're starting to get them now. Hopefully, they'll be doing more. This is when you ask why I did this. This was partly out of boredom, because I kept seeing the same stuff over and over again. But the other part was because the vendors right now are doing they're looking for the same stuff, basically the telltale indicators that I was talking about. And if they don't start thinking along different lines, somebody's going to come up with this stuff. I mean, I'm not a genius. This isn't rocket science. This is just, I came across this and hopefully we can get the vendors to start detecting this stuff and start thinking along these lines and have someone else say, well, what could be worse? What could make it harder for us to detect it and start figuring that out proactively before the guys that are trying to infect my mother's machine that makes her afraid to use the internet before they start figuring that out. Oh, I think we're done. Thank you.


Biondiesel is a renewable fuel that's made from a number of different feedstocks. It can be made from vegetable oils, recycled cooking grease, animal fats, chicken fat. Prismatic Skylight is designed to maximize the amount of light coming into the building and minimize the typical heat gain. Fuel cells are electrochemical devices that take air and fuel together and create electricity and the only byproduct is water. So they are multi-fuel in nature so they operate on pure hydrogen or they operate on natural gas or biogas, waste gas. And the pellet stove burns wood pellets to heat homes. Now pellet stoves are available in freestanding like a wood stove or a fireplace insert. We also have boilers that are fired with pellets. We have hot air furnaces that are fired with pellets. You can even buy a swimming pool water heater that burns pellets. We are commercializing a new low-head hydropower technology that is designed to make it cost-effective to extract energy from low-head drops. These are settings with between 5 and 20 feet of head. The technology is a new impulse turbine designed specifically to pass large quantities of water at low pressures or low heads. We provide the manufacturing equipment to make thin-film silicon PV panels. We're an LED technology company, mainly manufacturing products for heavy industrial and commercial applications. And this is an LED streetlight ready to save municipalities a lot of money and energy. Well district energy is where you have a central plant and there's an underground network of pipes. So the plant produces steam or hot water or chilled water and it supplies that to buildings in a district or an area. Often you see it in large cities, college campuses, health care. Geothermal heat pump is a technology and equipment that basically uses the solar energy in the earth. We go below the frost line to a constant temperature and use that as a heat sink to heat and cool your home. As far as jobs, our industry supports about, we project that we're going to produce about 800 million gallons this year and that that supports about 31,000 jobs. You know there's probably between 10 and 20,000 jobs in the United States today in fuel cells and hydrogen. The pellet industry has generated jobs in every state in the union, including Alaska and believe it or not, some in Hawaii. Sonoptics in California are where our manufacturing plan is, has potential around 100 to 150 depend on time of year in manufacturing side. Last year we brought our manufacturing facility in North Carolina went from about 45 employees to about 250 employees as we ramped up to meet the demands of municipalities that had funding for ARA funds to move towards more energy efficient products. On average with a customer buying one of our 120 megawatt lines would hire 250 jobs directly. There would also be another 750 jobs that would be created among these suppliers. Right now there are thousands of people employed both from the manufacturing of the equipment, the component manufacturers of the pumps, the fans, the coils that go into the machine. There are American jobs, these machines are made here, 75 to 80 percent of the components are manufactured in the United States. National Hyderpower Association has done a study that shows that about 1.4 million new jobs could be created in addition to adding 60 gigawatts of new energy through hydropower across the U.S. You know there's probably about 34,000 people directly employed. So it creates jobs both in the fuel processing and then maintaining the system, the services required. Installation and the financing, the system engineering. Manufacturing jobs, transportation jobs, service jobs, agricultural jobs. We initially work with architects and designers. We have drillers, drill manufacturers, the pipe that goes in the ground, the grout that goes in the ground. Truck drivers, you have manufacturers, you have design engineers. General contractors, roofing contractors.  Electric energy really does become like a local job nexus and these are good paying jobs and they're not exportable.


So thank you so much for coming on today, Ms. Page. Like I said, my name is Willil Sales. I'm from Edelwha County, and I am one of the Alabama 4-H State Ambassadors 2020-2021 members. Ms. Page, could you please introduce yourself? Hey, I'm Pay Chauvin. I am a registered dental hygienist in Gaston, Alabama at Pediatric Industry East. Thank you. All right, so let's get started. Why did you become a dental hygienist? I became a dental hygienist by accident. Well, I came to the industry by accident, honestly. I was working at a daycare. I had recently been divorced. I was like, what? It's time to choose your path. So I had a friend who went to dental assistant school and she loved it. So I thought, why not get her off? And I jumped in and loved dentistry, everything about it. So that's kind of how I came into it. And then I started working and went to dental hygiene school. So I just kind of worked up since then. All right. So how would you become a dental hygienist? How do you become a dental hygienist? Okay, so in the state of Alabama, there's two ways of becoming a dental hygienist. You can do a two to four year college while the state offers that program. It will allow you at the end to have a degree of dental hygiene.  You will have a national hygiene license. So that's the first option. The second option is you can work as a dental assistant for two years and your office can opt to send you to the Alabama Dental Hygiene Program at UAV. And that program is a year. So it's a, sorry. That's the path that I chose. I was a dental assistant for two years and then went to the Alabama Dental Hygiene Program at UAV. So when you finish that program, you only have a license to work in the state of Alabama. That license does not carry to any other state. Okay. And that's one of the drawbacks to that. But, you know, if you're not planning on moving out of Alabama, then it works perfectly fine. You, so what does a day as a dental hygienist look like for you? Every day is a little different. A lot of factors go into what your day looks like. How many doctors do you have? How many assistants do you do? I mean, no day looks the same. Especially working in P.B. Asterix, you know? So, but I guess in general, you know, you put on all your PPE, which is all kind of crazy to everybody right now, but you just try to make the best of your day, clean teeth. But there's factors as to what your day is gonna look like. I love that diversity. You usually have that diversity every day. You just suit up and do whatever is like that. Whatever gets you. Okay, so with that being said, what is the best thing about your job? I love, this is my favorite part. I love working with kids. I think I just don't think I would ever be able to work with adults. I love working with kids. They're fun. You can be laid back. It's not so stuffy. You can just kind of have fun with them. But my absolute favorite part is just having a kid who comes in, who's apprehensive, scared. They had a bad experience at another office and I'm able to make them feel comfortable and welcome and loved and cared for and stay in the dentist. I love that. So with that, what is the most difficult thing about your job? Time management. Time management is really difficult. Staying on task, on target with your time. If your patient comes in late, your whole day. Just trying to just stay on top of every little thing. Our assistants help us run on time and help us keep things moving and on task and we could not do our jobs without them. Pretty much timing is huge. Yeah. So through all of that, how do you stay motivated?  How do you stay motivated in your job and is your home life? I'm not work ethic. I think just kind of keeps me motivated. I love getting up. I love going to work. I've always worked since I was 15, just like you. I had to work for me and I went to work every day and I've just always had to. So it's just what I do. It's in my bones, it's in my blood. That's what we do. All right. So would you recommend your career? I would absolutely recommend my career. It really, there's room for growth. It's so diverse. You work with so many different kinds of people, you know, of all different backgrounds and religions and cultures like it's really diverse. So you're exposed to, you're open-minded to a lot more which is coming in contact with different people. All right. If you had a chance to go back, would you choose a different career? I think I have filled my calling. So I wouldn't say that I would choose a different career. If I could go back in addition, then I don't even know how I would work it out, but in my fantasy bubble that I would do, I would like to be some sort of counselor, a marriage counselor, some sort of, I don't even know, but something, some sort of counselor. I think she's drawn my way. I would just love to be able to help and also maybe have a game, something that I may be able to do. Okay. My last question, what advice would you give the youth like me who's interested in your career? Just like, just dig into what you're doing. Ask those hard questions, go to different occupations, different fields, and just say what they have to offer, what strengths are there, what weaknesses are there. And it's, you know, not gonna find, it may not be your first opportunity to go into. So just seek a realm, take your time, make sure you wanna do. All right. Well, thank you so much for spending just all the questions I had. Was there anything that you would like to add or any questions you would like to ask? That's pretty much it, you know, just I would really urge everybody to be like Willow. Just dig into it and see what works for your lifestyle, your interests, your hobbies, make yourself happy in the long run. Thank you. You're welcome.


All right, so in this video, I'm gonna be going over seven businesses that never fail and one of them has a 95% success rate. Now to put that in perspective, most businesses have below a 10% success rate and some of the better ones have somewhere between a 10 and 30% success rate.  So these are not only gonna have a better chance at succeeding than other businesses, but they're also gonna have a better chance at succeeding than even a job, right?  So if you appreciate me doing these types of videos, let me know by gently tapping that like button and the first one on the list is going to be a transportation business at 76.4% success rate. And by the way, these numbers come from the Bureau of Labor Statistics. So it's directly from the government and a transportation business is where you're gonna offer your services, moving either people or cargo from point A to point B. And you can get started by using your own vehicle, but eventually you'll probably want to invest in either a van, a truck or a semi. And there's various different types of transportation businesses, such as ride hailing services, public transportation, airlines and courier services. And you can think of a transportation business as your very own travel themed monopoly board where you collect money while traveling the streets without the risk of stepping on tiny plastic hotels. And this makes sense, because if you think about it, nothing in the world is gonna happen without transportation. People are always gonna need to either get themselves or cargo from point A to point B. And so you're always gonna have a steady stream of customers and the potential for long-term success. And this is why 19 year olds like Michael Sant are able to start trucking businesses that are highly successful. Michael Sant is only 19 years old and he's already a self-made millionaire. How did he do it? I started a trucking company from scratch and in three months we did $159,000 in revenue. And another thing that's great about transportation is it's a relatively recession-proof business. Even during recessions, people are gonna have to get things from point A to point B. So some of the pros of this one is the high success rate, the lack of a need for technical knowledge and the relatively low startup cost. Some of the cons of this one are operational challenges such as vehicle maintenance, the potential for fluctuating demand and seasonal service and the fact that the profit margins do tend to be relatively low. So overall, because of the fact that the profit margins are so low, I'm gonna give this one a 7.5 out of 10 opportunity score. So buckle up and prepare to steer yourself into a future where you're the boss. The road is your canvas and every journey is a ticket to success. And speaking of playing Monopoly, the next one on the list is going to be a rental property business at an astounding 85.3% success rate. And this is almost like a real life game of Monopoly where you strategically position your properties on the board, collect rent and navigate through the challenges posed by tenants and market fluctuations. And the most common form of a rental property business is where you take out a mortgage on a rental property, let's say for $1,000 a month and then you rent it out to somebody else for 1,500 a month. And after all the other costs like property tax, for instance, you end up netting a good amount of money which is why landlords make $97,000 on average per year. Whereas the median household annual income in the United States is about 62,000. And it's not just the income you get, you also get to take advantage of different tax benefits and the appreciation on the house itself. And this is why Michael Albam and people like him are able to make an astounding $431,000 a year just from their real estate investments. And real estate is actually the number one thing that has created the most millionaires out of any business model out there. So the pros of this one are the potential for passive income, also the potential for long-term wealth because of the tax benefits and the fact that your properties are going to increase in value over time and the fact that you get to diversify your investment portfolio. Some of the cons of this one are market fluctuations, property maintenance and repair responsibilities and dealing with challenging tenants or legal issues. But overall, I'm gonna have to give this one an opportunity score of 9.5 out of 10. So if this sounds right for you, get ready to juggle tenants, tackle leaky faucets and collect rent like a pro. The next one on the list is gonna be one of the oldest businesses known to man and that is going to be the agriculture business at an 88% success rate. That's right, step into the agriculture business where plants are the boss, the seasons play hide and seek and the only thing that's predictable is unpredictability. And this typically involves cultivating crops or raising livestock. And this is done to produce food, fiber or other agricultural products. And running an agriculture business is kind of like being a conductor in a symphony of nature, orchestrating the growth of crops and nurturing livestock. And it's not a surprise that this business almost never fails because it provides fundamental needs for humanity. Right, we're always gonna need food, clothes and other agricultural related products. And the United States Department of Agriculture or USDA estimates that farmers make about $92,000 a year. And success in agriculture requires a combination of skills, understanding market trends, adaptability and a lot of hard work. So the pros of this one are it is an essential industry. You have the potential for government support and grants and you have a very high chance of success. The cons of this one are basically everything else. There's seasonal variations, weather-related risk, market volatility. There's a high initial investment in both land as well as farming equipment. It's extremely labor intensive and there's a lot of regulatory requirements. So although you do have a high chance of success, it's a very difficult business that's hard to scale and it has a super high startup cost. So for those reasons, I'm gonna give this one a 6.5 out of 10 opportunity score. Now the next one on the list is a business that dispenses both profits and snacks. And that's a vending machine route business that has a 90% success rate. And this is a business where you potentially will never have to worry about dealing with grumpy employees or someone stealing your stapler. And that's because it's almost completely automated. The machine does almost everything for you. All you need to do is go in and replace the products that were in the vending machine and then collect the cash. And it's not surprising that this business has such a low failure rate because of the potential for passive income, low overhead costs and the fact that people always crave snacks and convenience. That this machine is the best restaurant in Brooklyn and it always had a table for me. And a fun fact about this is vending machines have actually been around for nearly 2,000 years since the first century AD. And the first ever vending machine was a coin operated holy water dispenser. And it was used in an Egyptian temple to dispense water for ritual washing. And there are tons of people making money with vending machines, both as a side hustle and as a full time income. Marcus Graham, for instance, makes $300,000 a year and only works four hours per week with his vending machine business. And the average vending machine will make you about $300 per month. And so after costs, you're probably gonna need at least 20 vending machines to make a full time income. And the most important skill you're gonna need to know with this is strategic location selection. Because when it comes to this business, location is everything. And a used vending machine is probably gonna cost you between one and $5,000. So the pros of this one are passive income potential, flexible working hours, low labor costs and scalability. The cons of this one are machine maintenance and repair, competition, product spoilage, vandalism and the need to continuously restock. But overall, because of the fact that it's so easy to start, I'm gonna give this one an opportunity score of eight out of 10. The next one on the list is for you if you wanna make a fortune while being the guardian of other people's hidden treasures. And that's going to be a self storage facility at a 92% success rate. And this is basically where you provide rental space for individuals or businesses for storing their goods. And this can range from a small no frills unit to a larger climate controlled facility with security systems. And this is another one of those businesses that caters to a basic human need. People are always gonna need places to store their belongings. And this is a business that is not only recession resistant, but it's also inflation resistant as well. And a five by five foot storage space will make you about $55 a month. And the best thing is because apps like Clutter, which is basically the Uber of storage spaces, make it easier than ever to get started in this business. So if you basically have a little bit of extra space in your garage or your apartment, you can get started with an app like Clutter. So the pros of this one are continuous demand, the potential for passive income. It's extremely scalable for a physical business and there's relatively low labor requirements. Some of the cons of this one are the initial investment in property and infrastructure, competition from existing facilities, and there's gonna be security and liability considerations. But overall, this is one of my favorite ones. I think it's a great opportunity. I'm gonna give it a 9.5 out of 10 opportunity score. The next one on the list is gonna be a dirty business where you can make some clean cash, and that's going to be a laundry mat business at a 95% success rate. That's right, this is basically a self-service laundry facility where you provide washers, dryers, and sometimes other services. So you could also offer folding, dry cleaning, or even put vending machines inside of your laundry mat business. And there are thousands of people making really good money from this. For instance, Dave Mince became a millionaire within 10 years after buying his first laundry mat. And the average laundry mat turnover is $142,000 a year. Now, laundry mats do have a high startup costs. Obviously, you have to buy the facilities as well as the washers and the dryers, but new apps like Sudshire, which is basically the Uber of laundry mats, allow you to make money from your own home.  So this is basically a way to turn your house into a laundry mat. And there are people making really good money from this. But if you did start a laundry business, it is relatively automated. You would just have to go in, collect the cash, make sure the washers and dryers are working and make sure that products such as detergent are always in stock. So the pros of this one are it has a very good ROI or return on investment potential. It's also very simple and there are low management costs. The cons of this one are it's a very capital intensive business. It does take a lot of money to start up a laundry mat. Another con is you have to be very careful about the location that you choose and there can be high repair costs. But overall, I'm gonna give this one an opportunity score of eight out of 10. Now, the next one on the list has such a high success rate that it didn't even measure. It was basically off the charts. And this is a type of transportation business, but it's the one that has the highest success rate out of all the different types. And that is a dump truck business. And this is where you transport large quantities of materials such as gravel, debris or soil. And this is very useful for construction, landscaping or infrastructure related projects. So basically, if you have a dump truck, you are gonna be making money because a lot of different people need your services. And there's tons of people making money from this, such as Dwayne Wiltshire, who started a $2 million dump truck business. And it's estimated that the average dump truck makes about $178,000 a year in revenue. And that boils down to about $80 per hour. And the most successful types of dump trucks are those that work in the mining industry. So some of the pros of this one are the potential for very high earnings. It is also an essential service. And there's potential for expansion and fleet growth. Some of the cons are the huge initial investment in trucks and equipment. There's also maintenance and repair costs. And there's potential for downtime in between projects. But overall, I think this one is really good. And I'm gonna give it an opportunity score of 8.5 out of 10. Because we all know that every good day begins with a good dump. By the way, I made a side hustle tier list where I ranked the best and the worst side hustles from S tier, which is the best to F tier, which is the worst. And you can check that out by clicking right here.


Racial injustice and especially abuse on social media is not acceptable whatsoever. I think especially as a football player you need to deal with racial abuse on a day-to-day basis and I think people don't really understand the impact it can have on players as well. The social media abuse is something that we have to come to an end and that's why I support what clubs do and I think it's a good thing for people to realise how serious it is. The abuse that I've received is not on the same kind of line of Arnie, junior, but it's awful. It's not nice to read. It does affect you. You try and kind of put it to the back of your mind but when it is sometimes relentless it's hard to and just speaking from personal experience which I can't probably tell you how the other lads feel because it's another kind of a level of abuse. It's just terrible and something that no individual and no sportsman should receive. What I personally received a couple of months back for me was way over the top and I think everyone in the strange room wants to do well. I think no one wants to make mistakes, no one wants to have a bad performance, a bad game. We've all got a million and one reasons to do well so I don't think we should receive the abuse that we do receive when a mistake does happen. In another day we're still human beings. In my case we play football for a living. You might score against a team or we might have a bad game or whatever and you get abuse from it. The funny thing is it's all easy behind a keyboard and like you said that's probably why the media stuff is taking place. But people would never do it in media in real life and say the stuff they say on social media. That's why I think the point they're making out of this is a good choice from all the clubs. That's why as a player I support it and I think it's an important subject. Just for people out there to realise some of the stuff you say and stuff like that because in another day we have families as well and they're going to see the abuse we get in. I don't think people think about that and look at it as these athletes or whatever it might be. It doesn't have to be athletes and abuse someone. But you have to think there's families, all of that. They're seeing the stuff about there's some being abused or whatever it might be so that's why I think that's a good choice. It could be the beginning or the end of these platforms if they don't respond and it's that serious that this needs to be really taken into consideration and it can no longer happen and people need to take responsibility of what they type and what they're thinking and if they want to abuse people they shouldn't be able to hide. You see a lot of profiles just being made up, no profile picture. An account set up for just abusing people. So that's why I think for example you have to put your address down and your actual name no matter what account you're trying to make because that's going to put a stopper for it because then you can track people down and they can get punished for what they do on social media. Because social media is such a big platform I don't think people think too much that there's consequences from what you can say. You have to be nice to people. I don't say you can criticise people, you can of course but it's a difference between criticising people and abusing people. You can see in recent weeks how powerful social media can be in terms of the European Super League and stuff like that so I think it should be just as powerful for people to step up and put a stop to all the racism, all the negative abuse which people are suffering from day in, day out and yeah 100% companies need to do more. It's not a case of can do more, it has to happen because I think a lot of people are associating social media with sort of a negative platform now and it shouldn't be like that. The more we unite the more we can do together. Enough is enough. Enough is enough. Enough is enough. Enough is enough.