OK. Hello everyone. Thank you very much for coming along to this talk on DAPA, the Distributed Application Platform Runtime. I'm going to talk and explain what DAPA is. I'm going to then show you how you can follow along. I'm going to give you some examples of DAPA actually in use. And then we have some demos as well. This whole talk is actually being run through a Jupyter notebook, which means that if you want to actually run the code samples they are mixed in. So you can scan the QR code or you can fork the repository later. And I will get started. At the end there will be some time for questions and we'll see how the demos go. So for the demos you will need Docker installed. We've probably passed the point with the Wi-Fi of this venue where you can install Docker. So if you don't have it, they unfortunately wouldn't work. But yeah, that QR code will work whenever I'm not including it with text. Unfortunately it's one of the limitations. My CSS isn't that great. So you'll need DAPA. There's instructions there to install DAPA either on Linux, on Windows or on a Mac. And if you are following along the notebook you can just push control enter or command enter to run any of the commands or codes and bits. I already have DAPA installed so I'm going to skip through that. And while that's getting set up and while everyone else has a chance to kind of install and run on your own local device. So I'm the head of Open Technologies at Avanard. Avanard is a consultancy that focuses on Microsoft and Open Source. I'm also the working group chair for Open Source at the Green Software Foundation. And I'm also here with Open UK as well as their Blueprint Sustainability Officer. So that said, that's the typical little spiel at the start of these things. So why DAPA? What is DAPA? And what problems is DAPA actually trying to solve? I will be saying DAPA a lot during this talk. DAPA stands for Distributed Application Platform Runtime. And when you think about building applications, particularly as a full stack developer, probably less so for a number of the embedded developers among us, we're trying to scale applications that are cheap to run in clouds and a lot of the hyperscalers do not make that easy to do. We're trying to be really flexible and efficient with our applications rather than building massive monoliths. We're trying to build a number of different microservices. Many of the people that we work with from clients or working in-house don't want to be locked into one cloud. They might have a non-premise data centre. They might use AWS, Google, Microsoft. But a lot of our developers actually don't want to be focused on learning infrastructure. Some of the CNCF folks decide. They want to be focused on building applications that have functionality that can actually do things. There's a trend towards serverless platforms, so things like AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, Cloudflare workers. But the problem with these is they all use their own bespoke bindings. The way in which they work is very different from one platform to another. So it's very easy to get locked into one particular cloud vendor's way of doing things, which makes it hard for you to move your applications from one cloud to another. On top of that, when we're building applications today, we're tending to use a lot of different languages and frameworks. So your machine learning folks might be using R, they might be using Python, they might be using Julia, your front-end folks are probably using a combination of TypeScript, JavaScript, that could be Angular, that could be React. Your back-end folk could be using C sharp, Go, Rust, Python, PHP, if they're feeling a little bit risky. So there's a lot of languages and frameworks that our teams are trying to use. And teams don't necessarily want to have to learn every language under the sun to be able to communicate between teams to get things working. Again, developers tend to want to be building applications. So you can look at typical microservices application, and I'm continuously covering that QR code. You have your front-end. You'll want to be storing stuff in your database. You might want to be queuing invoicing, shipping. You might have bills to reconcile. You might have a payment system from Striper or something else to integrate with. You've got the checkout. So you've got all kinds of different systems that you are trying to integrate with. And on top of that, you've got all of the other things that I talked about before. So your machine learning services, your Python, your R. I can't take credit for this image, for the way this image was made by Dapper themselves, and where that's the case, I've cited that at the bottom of the screen. So all of these applications run on various different languages is kind of one of the points that I'm trying to hammer home here. So developers have limited tools to build applications that work across multiple clouds. So obviously cloud vendors tend to want you to remain on their platform. A lot of these run times have limited language support. So if I'm using Azure Functions, they're not that great at supporting Go, and you have to run your own binding. Bymon AWS is a similar story for other languages. Again, there's no real incentive for a cloud provider to give you that portability. So this is where Dapper comes in. Dapper is a CNCF project from the Cloud Native Computing Foundation. It was originally contributed by Microsoft. It's been available now since November 2021 within CNCF. It's got tons of contributors, actually, part of it and joining it. The documentation is really, really good. Some of the code that we're going to go through today is from the Quick Start. Some of it I've written myself, and some of it is a dodgy research prototype code, which I'm still hoping works on stage. It's got Discord as well, like all the coolest open source projects so you can join and talk with folks. Dapper itself is focused on allowing you to write microservices that are portable, that work with any language that you're familiar with, any major language, that you can either do a most prestigious call or call an HTTP API. The idea is each team writes their microservices in the languages with which they are familiar. So one team could do Go, another team could do Python. Obviously, teams still need to have discipline when they're picking languages because you don't want every single person to be picking a different language, but within teams that focus on a particular discipline, they stick to a particular language that is best suited for that use case. What Dapper does is it provides a series of capabilities and components that are hot swappable. Swappable, I should say, if you hot swapped it, you would actually have some problems. You know what I said that. So Dapper provides service-to-service invocation. So one part of an application can call another part of the application. It provides state management so you could actually use SQL server on Azure. You could use Redis. You could use PostgreSQL, MySQL. And the idea is that your application doesn't need to know the specifics of the implementation of the database that you're using. The publisher and subscriber says the service that you're using, the bindings. All it needs to know is that Dapper is exposing a capability. It calls that capability and it's up to you to shift your application wherever you best want to run it. And should you move your application from Azure to AWS to your on-premise server, the application will keep working. The application only cares that it has access to these capabilities. It's also got observability. It can use open telemetry, Azure application insights. It can use your keyboard provider of choice. And it can integrate with most configuration services and tools. It's already natively supported by Azure, AWS, Google. Alibaba is on there because they're a major contributor. Although I know they don't operate as much here. Kubernetes has a number of different plug-ins and extensions. And in virtual or physical machines you can deploy your own cluster, which is part of what I will be doing today on a single machine. So Dapper provides APIs, I guess, from the left side of your application through to the right. And we will be testing out some of these very shortly. So we can get configuration within the application. We can get state from your database of choice. We can call methods and different microservices. We can publish and subscribe from a queue. We can retrieve secrets. We can store our secrets. The idea is that Dapper is more than a service mesh because it's not a networking layer focused on infrastructure. It's a developer-focused service that allows you to connect different parts of your application. It does work with a service mesh. So you could use Istio or another service mesh of choice to provide the networking component. But it's focused on developers trying to build microservices. So that's why it will seem very similar to a service mesh in parts. The key thing about Dapper is it plays nicely with these other services. It's a CNCF project. That's what it's designed to do. If you saw Liz Rice's talk on the keynote, she talked a lot about EBPF. Dapper itself runs in a sidecar model. And I think this is probably one of the use cases where EBPF wouldn't be a good fit because if you want to run on multiple different clouds, you're probably not going to be injecting in the kernel of everything class that you're running on. So Dapper is a perfect example of when the sidecar model makes sense. So you have your application and then next to each application you have a Dapper sidecar that provides the components and capabilities for what you want to do with Dapper. So I can call the API directly through HTTP. I can do a remote procedure call. But I can also, through any of the many SDKs that Dapper provides, call within code out to these different services. So state, publish, secrets, et cetera. So this is what I'm saying. This capability is not tight coupling. There's across, I think, these nine different components. So nine different capabilities. There's 97 components available. So in terms of state stores, we've got AWS, Cosmos DB, Firebase, and Redis. PubSub, we've got Azure Service Burst, again, Redis. In terms of bindings, I can integrate with Azure Functions. So your Azure Functions can actually run Dapper as their coding tool of choice rather than you having to use the built-in Azure functionality. I can link with Azure Storage, GCP. I can use Twilio. So if I get a text, I can automatically process something. I can trigger an event. So someone tweets and my service is kicked off. But, again, the key thing is I can still move my application from one cloud provider to another. So I'm not locked in to, say, using a logic app or a local tool like Zapier. I've got all the different secret stores that I mentioned and the end observability. So, again, before we get into the demos, we have, on the left-hand side, we have Dapper. Dapper's integrated here with an Azure Key Vault. It's linked with an Azure Service Burst. That's what's provided the queue in this instance. And then, as items are added to the queue, the different services can be called and bounty. So, that said, it's time to actually try Dapper and get some demos working. The first view I'm very confident in, the last one was blocked by my corporate firewall this morning with a push that we'll see if that one works. So, yeah, let's get through the testing. So, the first thing you want to do, having downloaded the notebook, having got the docker set up, I'm assuming you installed Dapper in the Sierra Leia at the start. I've pushed command and enter to check the Dapper is installed. The notebook has run the standard blurb there. So, Dapper is running. If you haven't previously run Dapper, you'll want to run Dapper init. What that will do is make sure that you have the latest runtime. Biner is running your machine. I'm also going to make sure I've got a docker running still. There we are. Cool. And what this will do is it will also set up some default components. If you were running Dapper in live, you probably actually want to have your own state stores configured. You would want to not just be using a local Redis container that's going to be running your own local machine. But this will set up some components which will allow you to run through this part, which is just from the Dapper quick start. I'm going to check the Dapper version. Again, if you do the quick start online on the Dapper site, this is the same content. So, yep, I've got Dapper installed. I know the version. I'm going to make sure that the container is running locally. I hope to see Redis here. And you'll see my default component configuration should be listed here. So, I'm going to run that blank application using the default components from Dapper init. I'm going to run this in a separate terminal rather than the notebook, because your notebook will actually need to interact with the command and with block, shouldn't it otherwise? So, I've just run Dapper run. I've named the application ID my app. And I've asked it to run on a HTT port 3500. You can see that in the terminal. The Dapper sidecar is up and running. There's a blank application. There's actually no code in there. So, we just have the sidecar. We'd actually see any logs appearing there that's needed. So, I'm going to save a key value pair. The quick start itself usually uses the value of Bruce Wayne. I very much don't feel like Batman today. So, I've just put my name in there.  I'm going to post in JSON. So, I'm posting that same JSON. You can see there, content type, application slash JSON. I've got the same array there with the key value of my name. I'm calling the server locally. So, I'm calling the Dapper sidecar, which I asked to run in port 3500. I'm calling the version 1 of API. I'm calling the state capability and the state store. I can see that that particular box has run. There's now output returned. So, I'm going to run the next command. So, I'm going to call the state store directly. I'm going to ask for the item that I stored in key name and what's in there, and that would be my name. So, if I change that, I'm going to edit this now. So, it's the same as using MongoDB or Azure Table Storage. It abstracts away all the different implementations there. I've got Fergus here, a set in the audience. I'm going to call curl, and I'm going to get the value. And fingers crossed, we get Fergus's name back. It's still running. Yep, there we go. We're Fergus. But again, I didn't have to know any particular vagaries of the cloud storage that I'm using. I mean, at this scale, it's probably not much different from using Azure Table Storage or something else. If you're doing much larger things that are representing the whole state of a particular application, which I'll show you a better example of that in a second, it becomes quite powerful. So, I'm going to call the Redis CLI, and actually see all the other things that I have in there. It was my testing previously. So, I'll ask for all the keys. I've actually been using some research projects there. It's probably quite small, but I've been working on a 2D browser-based game using Dapper. So, I've just thrown the world state in a particular component. I've got an application that serves at the front end. I've got an application that's got the back end. I've got something that models a new player. And I'm going to get the same value Redis. And again, I can get that same data, and you can see that in this case, if you can see very small at the bottom left hand there, I've gone into Redis, because that's the default component, and I can see that I've got Fergus out of that. I'm now going to delete Fergus, because we don't need him anymore. Delete him from the data. And that's literally what I've just done. I've had my application. I've called a state storage service. I've saved a key value pair, but the application didn't actually know in any way that this is being scored in Redis. Any state store for this. This was some other interesting components. I've got input findings here. So I mentioned that you could have your service configured to listen to Twitter. Whenever a particular tweet with certain keys or from a certain service takes place, it can actually call my application. In this case, it wouldn't import 8000. It will call the new tweet endpoint, because I've found it, and I can have my application process events. I mean, that's very common, very easy to do in a cloud already. But again, the point here is it is portable. You are not locked into whatever cloud provider that you are using. So now we're going to try and explore a bigger example, and I've linked out to the repository. This is the one that just crashed on me, so let's see how this goes. I'm going to close this dapper-side card that I was running. I'm going to open up my terminal. I'm going to try and run all the containers. That one's working. Excuse me while I get this running. You can see in my most recent search was I'd go out to Firewall Mac, which was the problem I was having this morning. Okay. Instead, I'll just see if I can run the backend service, and I'll just explain what is happening here. So I have those different applications here running on the left-hand side. So I've got my front-end folder, which is an application that serves up a compiled, bundled TypeScript Next.js application. I have my server here, which is written in Go. My server starts on port 5000 by default because I haven't specified it. My Golang application starts a MUX router, and it basically says that whenever someone calls API a new player, call the function published by its topic, I add my file handlers, so the DAPR SDK, if there's any way I can make this any bigger. I add my file handlers, because DAPR plays well with the existing web server, and when the application starts, I publish to a particular topic and that the server is initialising, and I've subscribed to the topic and I want to know about any changes of state. So my application is using the Go SDK for DAPR, and what it's able to do is subscribe to topics whenever a particular topic is published to a particular root, root it to a different part of my application. So I've got a web socket implementation here, and I've got my front-end. I have another application here, which is basically modelling what a player can do. So if a particular browser has a player that's wandering around the place, all those events are streamed to this particular application so that they can be processed. I have another application that is storing the states of the world, and in the session notes for this I will actually link out to this running because I think just looking through code isn't quite as good as seeing a person move around. But I think the key thing here again is I'm just setting up a DAPR client using my default implementation and I could run this on any cloud, I could run this on premise, I could shift it from place to place. I actually push this to Azure Container applications, which has needs of support for DAPR, and scale up and down. I've got my Azure Container apps deployment there, but I could actually move it to AWS, I could move it to Google, and my browser-based game is going to keep going. And that was very quick because my whole demo failed, which is embarrassing. I do touch on how the multi-cloud shifting works or observability, but I'm hoping you still got a sense of how powerful DAPR actually is. You can get started yourself at DAPR.io and with that I'm going to open the floor up to questions. Please ask me anything you want to know about DAPR and I'll try my best to answer. If there are no questions, then that is me. You can fork that repository, there's examples in there of running application in .NET, in Go, and others. Cheers, folks! Thank you.


This is the VOA Special English Health Report. Not all spies target military, political or economic intelligence. Some spies gather medical intelligence. Presidents, prime ministers and other leaders do not always like to talk about their health. Some disappear from public life for a while and then reappear with or without an explanation. Spy agencies search for information about physical and mental health. The idea that a leader might even lose his mind and launch a war or a nuclear attack is not an imaginary threat. The Central Intelligence Agency has a medical and psychological assessment cell. It employs or consults with doctors, sociologists, political scientists and cultural anthropologists to examine the conditions of top officials. Jonathan Clemente is a doctor doing research for a book on medical intelligence. He says the CIA team will look for psychiatric signs then describe for the policymakers how someone with that particular set of findings may react to certain situations. Such efforts go back to the Office of Strategic Services, which came before the CIA. The OSS did a psychological profile of Nazi leader Adolf Hitler in Germany. The CIA was established in 1947. Dr. Clemente says the agency formed a small office called Leadership at a Distance. In the late 50s and early 1960s, the CIA decided that they had expertise to look more carefully and in a more rigorous analytical way at the health of foreign leaders. The idea is to help give policymakers some forewarning of a transition in a government and also to look for potential points of diplomatic leverage. Experts say dying leaders can feel they have to act quickly to make sure their decisions live longer than they do. Physical and mental health are closely linked, experts say. But identifying a mental condition without direct examination of a person can be much more difficult than a physical disorder. Rose McDermott is a political psychologist at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. She says an illness like bipolar disorder can be well controlled on medication. But a leader's behavior can also be affected by treatment for a physical condition. The concern is not just the illness. It's also the medication that people take while they are ill and how that can compromise their decision-making ability cognitively and intellectually. So they don't make the same kind of decisions. Their decisions may not be as predictable. They certainly may not be as quote-unquote rational. For VOA Special English, I'm Alex Villarreal.


Thanks for watching this session on debugging JavaScript SEO issues. In the next 15 minutes, I will take you on a short journey in which we will talk a bit about the worries that a few SEOs still have about JavaScript and Google search. Then look at the tools available to SEOs and developers.  Now let's get started with looking at the basics. When SEO and JavaScript be friends, there is a bunch of history behind this that contributed to various opinions and answers to this question. Today, the answer is generally yes. Sure, as with every technology, there are things that can go wrong, but there is nothing inherently or categorically wrong with JavaScript sites and Google search. Let's look at a few things people tend to get wrong about JavaScript and search. The number one concern brought up is that Googlebot does not support modern JavaScript or has otherwise very limited capabilities in terms of JavaScript features. At Google I.O. 2019, we announced the evergreen Googlebot. This means that Googlebot uses a current, stable Chrome to render websites and execute JavaScript and that Googlebot follows the release of new Chrome versions quite closely. The other worry is concerned with the two waves of indexing and the delay between crawling and rendering. Googlebot renders all pages and the two waves were a simplification of the process that isn't accurate anymore. The time pages spent in the queue between crawling and rendering is very, very short. Five seconds at the median, a few minutes for the 90th percentile. Remaining itself takes as long as it takes your website to load in a browser. Last but not least, be wary of blanket statements that paint JavaScript as a general SEO issue. While some search engines might still have limited capabilities for processing JavaScript, they ultimately want to understand modern websites and that includes JavaScript. If JavaScript is used responsibly, tested properly and implemented correctly, then there are no issues for Google Search in particular and solutions exist for SEO in general. For example, you may consider server-side rendering or use dynamic rendering as a workaround for other crawlers. When saying test your site properly, the follow-up question is usually, well, how do I test my site properly? And luckily, we have a whole toolkit for you to test your site for Google Search. Let's take a look at what's available. The first tool in your tool belt is Google Search Console. It's a super powerful tool for your Google Search performance. Besides a ton of reports, it contains the URL inspection tool that lets you check if a URL is in Google Search, if there are any issues, and how Googlebot sees the page. The second tool that is really helpful is the rich results test. It takes any URL or lets you copy and paste code to check. Its main purpose is to show a structured data is correctly implemented, but it has much more to offer than just that. Last but not least, the mobile-friendly test is similar to the rich results test. On top of the rendered HTML, the status of all embedded resources and network requests, it also shows an above-the-fall screenshot of the page, as well as possible mobile user experience issues. Now, let's take these tools for a spin. I have built three websites based on real cases that I debugged in the webmaster forums. The first case is a single-page application that does not show up in Google at all. As I'm not the owner of the domain, I don't have access to Google Search Console for this site, but I can still take a look. I will start with a mobile-friendly test to get a first look at the page in question. As we can see, the page loads but shows an error message. When I load the page in the browser, it displays the data correctly. We can take a look at the resources Googlebot tried to load for this page. Here we see that one wasn't loaded. The api.example.org slash products URL wasn't loaded because it's blocked by robots TXT. When Googlebot renders, it respects the robots TXT for each network request it needs to make, be HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, or API calls. In this case, someone prevented Googlebot from making the API call by disallowing it in robots TXT. In this case, the web app handles a failed API request as a not-found error and shows a corresponding message to the user. We caught this as a soft 404, and as it is an error page, we didn't index it. Take note that there are safer ways to show a 404 page in a single page app, such as redirecting to a URL with a 404 status or setting the page to a new index. Right, we solved that one. That's pretty good. All right, on to the next one. This one is described as a progressive web app or PWA that didn't show up in search except for their home page. Let's go find out why. Looking at the home page, it looks all right. The other views in this progressive web app also load just fine. Let's test one of these pages. We will use the mobile-friendly test again to get a first look at what's going on. Oh, the test says it can't access the page, but it worked in the browser. So let's check with our DevTools. In the network tab, I see that I get 200 status from the service worker, though. What happens when I open the page in an incognito window? Whoops. So the server isn't actually properly set up to display the page. Instead, the service worker does all the work to handle the navigation. That isn't good.  They load the page without the service worker cookies, and so on. This needs to be fixed on the server. Great. Two websites fixed, but I have one more to go. This one is a news website that is worried because not all content can be found via Google Search. To mix things up a little bit, I'll use the rich results test for this one. The website doesn't seem to have any obvious issues. Let's look at the rendered HTML. Hmm, even that looks fine to me. So let's take a look at the website in the browser. So it loads 10 news stories and links to each new story, and then loads more stories as I scroll down. Do we find that in the rendered HTML too? Interesting. This story isn't in the rendered HTML. It looks like the initial 10 stories are there, but none of the content that is being loaded on scroll. Wait, does it work when I resize the window? Oops, it only works when the user scrolls. Well, Googlebot doesn't scroll. That's why these stories aren't loaded. That's not exactly a problem. This can be solved by using an intersection observer, for instance. Generally, I recommend checking out the documentation at developers.google.com slash search for much more information on this topic and other topics. I hope this was interesting and helped you with testing your websites for Google Search. Keep building cool stuff on the web and take care.


What's going on guys welcome back to the channel critical overload here so I'm talking about a few different horror topics in this video here today We'll be talking about saw X. We'll be talking about the Halloween franchise going over another update to the update We got earlier today evolving Halloween in the future of the series We'll be talking about Chuck E season 3 a little Q&A for you guys and we'll be talking about the the future of the screen franchise in the form of a video game and I will leave the last topic a surprise review for you guys For the end now starting off here with saw X saw X to kick this off and shout out to saw space for being reliable as always But producer Mark Burke had this to say about saw X recently At the end of this movie stick around for the credits because there is a scene where we do bring back people from prior Saw movies that you'll be very very happy about now. I will say this I Was lucky enough to discover who at least one of these people are and I think a lot of people when you see who it is You will enjoy it if there are more than just one individuals that are involved in this post-credits scene That should be quite interesting although I have also taken note that somebody seems to be spoiling it over on Twitter I'm not going to say who it is Although I will say that given the context of what we've already heard about the movie This makes sense as to why it would be the post-credits scene. It makes complete sense to me I hope everyone when you see saw X later this week You get to enjoy the post-credits scene and enjoy the people that do show up I at least know one of the individuals and I'm satisfied with who it is and hopefully it is a post-credits scene that can Satisfy the usage of this individual But you guys will get to discover who that is later this week. Let me know. Are you going to? Stick around for the post-credits scene some people really don't care Also, are you going to check out saw X later this week? Let me know down in the comment section below. Why or why not? Diving into Halloween so earlier today. We got confirmation about a Report that was making around earlier this earlier this year about the future of the Halloween franchise Miramax has indeed begun looking for the next home for Halloween and a TV show isn't off the list of options either There's a bidding war reportedly going on according to bloody disgusting Miramax is taking pitches according to one take news Paramount is extremely interested in Halloween property and seems to be leading this bidding war Malika Codd's top priority also. I guess this is one of the Path past we could go down Malika Codd's top priority for the franchise is reportedly a television show Set in the same universe as Halloween 3 season of the witch this series would be six episodes long now This wasn't confirmed But big screen leaks is rarely an accurate so if this if this doesn't happen I still believe the fact that this seems to be a top priority for a cod because this does not mean that it's going to Happen it's just being reported. This is a top priority Some fans might be jumping for joy at this possibility and meanwhile Myers fans are like well. Where's Michael? Patience patience. We all know that that man will be back at some point I think you could actually see a TV show and a new Michael film happening all at once in the near future Which would be a win-win for fans that want a little bit of the same while also people who while they love to see Michael back In any incarnation under the right circumstances, I would say they also have a craving for Something new fresh blood, but not as much as they have a craving for Michael Myers So if you can get a TV show set in the same universe of Halloween 3 and also Simultaneously get a movie with Michael Myers back I think everybody would be happy with that some people obviously would recognize that you don't need both and I can admit We don't need both But they're gonna take advantage of what they can with how profitable the IP has been over the last couple of years since its relaunch, so we're gonna probably see Michael back sooner rather than later I thought it would be at least another ten years. I now start to think maybe we'll see this dude back in another three Maybe less diving into Chucky so Chucky season 3 this will be a Q&A So I'm only answering 10 of these questions you guys left So listen good because one of these might be yours One of you got one of you guys asked are any other legacy characters making an appearance so far besides Andy? I will say I don't know that because so far no they have not of course They can appear in the later half of the season because the season that's airing in October next week is only gonna be four episodes One of you also asked will we see Gigi? No, as of now as I mentioned they are referenced, but that's it and you find out how they're doing There's a plan Chucky has for them. That's also displayed, but so far. No, I did not see Lachlan I do think that we will see Lachlan back at the later end of the season though. I do think that Another one of you asked do they tell how Mrs. Fairchild knows about Chucky? That's a great question actually they didn't do that during these first four episodes, but we may find out in the second half from Fairchild herself I will say that You one of you said what do I mean when I say Caroline's arc gets absurd So it just has things that I struggled to believe because she's a little girl or a child in general Doesn't matter if she's a girl boy.  That's how I felt with what I was seeing here between Chucky and Caroline It was just very absurd to me Based on the first half of this season. Can we expect Tiffany to have new motives aside from pinpointing Nika and navigating prison? Well, I think her new motive right now is to escape But she doesn't waste time on trying to accomplish this either. You'll you'll see her try to do this in the first four episodes Another one of you asked do we get Charles and Tiffany flashbacks? No Anything you can say about Mrs. Fairchild's dynamic with the trio. Um She's definitely relating more to Lexi I feel like Cuz Devon and Jake they do have an awkward scene with her at one point But she's just trying to be a mother figure to them and it's really sweet But she definitely has more in common with Lexi Another one of you said is there a major death that's going to hurt us Maybe I mean it depends some of you might not care when this happens But I'm thinking of one specific death and some of you might not care Anything you can tell us about Nika Well, she does enjoy watching Tiffany get taken down and she'll reference curse of Chucky a few times I will say that Taking a page out of Devon's book For the last thing here was me referencing that all of the kids are shown just using social media a lot more And I know Devon has that podcast. That's really all I meant They seem to be leaning into social media more to track down Chucky especially Lexi So diving into scream scream seems to be having a video game of sorts on the way possibly big shout out to beyond the mass for their Video yesterday highlighting that super massive games could be involved I loved until dawn series and their dark anthology games that they've been dropping over the past few years So scream would be a great story to tell in this format for a game with them involved a reliable Leaker also named the tipster who recently had their last account deleted according to their Twitter bio said this on Twitter Since it's being discussed online based on what I heard back in May There is indeed a game based on the screen franchise in development I never heard of a developer at the time, but in all honesty super massive games lines up pretty well Now the game might be announced next month apparently so we'll see if this isn't being true But a screen video game would be iconic and enough to hold me over until screen 7 That's assuming it comes before 7 which it probably won't but would you guys like to see a screen video game? Let me know down in the comment section below. Why are why not? And if we do get a screen video game, how would you like to see it done? Would you like to see a online multiplayer option or in the vein of just a single single player for the story? That's tailored similar to how you have if you're familiar with the telltale walking dead games Or if you're just familiar with until dawn what type of story would you like to be told in that format now? I'm gonna jump into a surprise review for you guys So the surprise review that I'm going to be going into is actually for VHS 85 We just had its world premiere at fantastic fest over the weekend. I had a screener sent to me earlier this morning I just checked it out and I want to say that VHS 85 was another fun and grotesquely enjoyable entry in this long-running anthology series unlike the last one This actually has an overarching narrative So it doesn't come off like a compilation of shorts that's highlighted in the synopsis if you want to go ahead and read that We have a made for TV documentary being captured at the center of it all We're evolving around a very interesting individual named Rory Wasting little time paying homage to the 80s horror films. Our first short is at a lake It's a lake trip with a group of young adults at the center of it all We meet these group of young adults who have fun at a nearby lake It feels exactly like it belongs in the Friday the 13th or sleep away camp series but crossed with pet cemetery Mike P. Nelson is responsible for this short and it went down a path I've never seen from the VHS series up until this point The acting was decent enough and it kept me engaged in true 80s horror fashion with an ensemble cast like this Nearly every character is one dimensional but their chemistry as a group is undeniable There's an unexpected twist about midway Once the body start dropping that really made these people a lot more interesting our second short by Gigi Guerrero Is a natural disaster survival involving a bunch of construction workers at a Mexican TV studio? Now this one has a bit more urgency to it and that amplifies the terror felt throughout when you're watching all hope seems lost and Despite all the characters being flat I cared about their survival the acting in this particular short was a lot better and the effects are far nastier and unnerving The third short centers on an early VR concept Involving a techno glove a woman is preaching on stage to those in attendance that we have abandoned our gods for these Artificial entities like VR and iPhones this one leans more heavily into the gore and humor and the more it went on I was reminded of Marines opening kill in scream 2 so some aspects of it were funny other aspects of it were kind of like hauntingly Gruesome and kind of showing how we're desensitized to stuff like this It was quick and to the point probably the shortest out of the shorts that we had on display Our fourth short is from Scott Derrickson And it's a very apparent because his style is hard to miss when it's in the same vein as sinister in the black Phone Derrickson creating an uncomfortable atmosphere through sound and unsettling images the mystery itself Which involves police trying to solve murders that haven't happened yet was gripping There's great performances from everyone involved and probably my second favorite short in this entry was this one now In true VHS fashion the aesthetic it feels like it's right out of the time is attempting to capture every director delivered something unique But I'd have to say Mike P. Nelson's efforts was the most memorable and ambitious I'd also say that overall I enjoyed the gore. I enjoyed how Everybody seemed to be trying to outdo each other. It's just another fun entry in the series I don't know what else to say. It's not something I'm gonna be overly critical on it's a series of anthology found footage movies You either like them or you don't like them But you guys let me know if you think about this down the conversation below if you haven't already of course Make sure you subscribe turn on post notification in this video in the description. I have links on my social media accounts I am on Facebook Twitter and Instagram you can message me there Of course, let me see new movies news or reviews like me to cover in the future and with all that in mind guys I will see you in the next video


Good morning, Gevin. Hi, Surya. Good evening, sir. Can I go through previous symptom papers? Yes, you can. Please, no doubt. Congratulations. No, that won't be a case, but generally what happens, like as there is a Sankamon paper on this Sunday, some background activity might be going on. Okay, so those papers are not that easily accessible. At times they close that by themselves and all that because the whole activity is going on to a window called as Kemon. Okay, there will be a minor discussion of electricity as well, but the primary discussion on the scenario is to everyone, guys. Please note whatever is stated in the notification given to you in the slivers that is coming. Okay, good Gupta. Good, good, good, good. Kemon stands for Center, but Learned and Working Learned is, that might be a scenario, but yes, it is rectified in the morning. Ashlesha, have you checked it? I mean today's center, please note, especially INR, YPR and CA people, refraction is coming in the syllabus. Okay, I told that it will be coming till reflection. No, refraction part, refractive index is coming for Kemon. Okay, just telling you, for not for CHK, not for CHK and I am stating it for YPR, CA and INR. What I want to state here is whatever is the notification shared, whatever is the notification shared about the slivers, that is straight the slivers. Okay, no variation, whatever is stated. Okay, Ashlesha, we can get in touch about it. Like morning, it is sorted. Okay, just what's up me, I guess there might be a variation in your password, so I'll just post it to you. Sharing the screen, visible, visible, visible, visible, visible, visible, good. And here is your quiz, ongoing quiz. Good, good, good, good, good, good, good, good, good, good, good, good, good. I don't remember whether I, okay, guys, one second, I will just check if I have started because I created the PPT in dark mode, but I'll just check it in a minute, in less than a minute. You can check it. If not, I can make also, don't worry. Yes, it is in dark mode now. Visible, visible, visible, visible, visible. Why, Surya, what happened? Someone is over and mute, please mute, please put yourself over mute. Good, thank you. Good, good, good, good, good, good. Gupta, go back and come back. No, Gupta is not ready. Okay. A quick R for ready. NR for not ready. Anyone, please put your microphone over mute. Someone is over and mute. Okay, there is Gupta, Gupta is at NR. Okay, Gupta, no problem. I'm waiting. I guess Gupta is a 55th one or 54th one. Gupta. Change it quickly. Not happening. I understood what is the mistake. And here we go to the quiz. How much water should be filled in a container 21 centimeter in height so that it appears half filled when viewed from the top of a container of the same container. Okay, so the refractive index is 4 by 3. Guys, relax, concentrate over the question. Yes, CHK10. CHK10, beta, we have been through it. If I remember, we are doing lens formula. Yeah, 24 people got it right. 24 people got it right. Okay, no problem, no problem, no problem. And surprisingly, got it right. Yeah, good. Yeah, here's the question. Is the question visible? Is the question visible? I guess the question is very visible, right? But I am doing on dark mode only. Good, good, good, good, good, good, good. Now the question, read the question, read it so that now again scenario, understand the scenario. How much water should be filled in a container 21 centimeter in height so that it appears half filled. That means why it should appear that it is filled till half of 21, that is 10.5. Yes or no? Why or N? Line number one, why or N? For very obvious reason, it has to be filled a bit up. Yes or no? Clear? That's what Surya said, I use common sense, well with the answer, right? But sir, I think once again, you said portions for chemon are only till reflections, momenta at the beginning of this session, I said, like when we discuss about that in the class, okay? So I said, it will be, I'll try to make it till reflection only, but the papers etc, etc. Okay, only two topics are coming from refraction, clear? Clear, clear, clear, clear, clear. Refraction that is refractive index, only slab, glass slab, okay? And prism, clear? That rainbow thingy or not, okay?  Can we proceed? Yep, good. So yes, by this way, the answer can be 12, but it can be none of these as well, right? But it can be none of these as well, Surya? There was a slight chance key, yeah, we'll come to that. There was a slight chance key, your calculation might be wrong. Then, simple scenario, simple scenario, okay? Height apparent upon height actual will have a proportion, what it should be equal to? It should be equal to what? The Ulta beta 3 by 4, right? You see, shorter, common sense to remember it, you see it shorter. Apparent height is smaller, refractive index, refractive index, refractive index, refractive index, refraction, refraction, okay? Please someone tell Tavishi the code, thank you, thank you very much, thank you very much, thank you very much. Sure. I got answer as 14, how come Gupta, just state your calculation here, my calculation is better, okay? Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, 14 should be, sorry, sorry, sorry, 14 should be, okay, one second, 3 by 4 apparent height, what you want to see is 105 and what should be actual?  Thank you very much, thank you very much, thank you very much, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay, okay. So, thank you very much guys, thank you very much. At times calculation is safe, may God bless me that should not be repeated. Now, Vaishnav, R. N, Pranav and Aniket Gupta, good, good, good, good, good, sorry for that calculation mistake at the very beginning and here we are proceeding toward next question, okay, the velocity of light in diamond per second is at least, yeah, yeah, yeah, but just unit per game is there, centimeter per second, centimeter per second and the mistake while writing the options is I did not even try to confuse all the options are directly telling you the right answer, right? You don't even have to look at the units, right? Yes, there would have been a 10 to the power 8, 10 to the power 10 and 10 to the power 12, like now, 2 less than 8 and 2 more than 8, so 10 to the power 10 and 10 to the power 6, then it would have been a beautiful question, right? Good, good, good, good, good, good, 59 people have responded last 20 seconds to remain, like still remaining, not everyone has responded yet, okay? So we have more than 59 people, that would have been like bars, right? High rises, 60 people is everyone voted and 13, 10, beta, guys, please, there wasn't any scope of confusion, there wasn't any single scope of confusion, 2 divided, 3 divided by 2 is 1.5, the answer, right? Everyone, everyone, everyone, everyone, okay, good. Let's look at the leaderboard because now from 4 to 32 people, it's going to be a good up and down, Gupta, Aryan, Vaishnav did not respond to this question, Aryan Tandon is leading the scenarios, very good, very good, very good, Aryan Rao was the fastest one to respond to this, good, good, good, good, good, sorry, I got that beautiful joke of yours, concentrate on the next question, a rectangular tank of depth 8 meter is full of water, the bottom be seen at the depth of, no doubt, no doubt now, no doubt now, no doubt, you know this, yes, exactly, see the questions around optics, okay, the chapter like light reflection, and refraction, until unless that they buy themselves twisted and stated 1.333 and all that, will hardly need calculation, and I repeat it again, again, there are only 2 chapters from which you are going to face numerical in your 10th exam, which are electricity and light reflection and refraction, okay, the 2 chapters, from magnetic effects of electrical and you are not going to face any numerical, there is the next chapter is of English, which is sources of energy, so you are obviously not going to receive numerical from there, so it counts to 1 by 100th of the fraction of the second, right, that's good, I wasn't aware it counts till that extent, like literally like 1 by 100th part of the second, oh good, 1 by 1000, I say who are they, 3 digit or 2 digit, there were 2 0s and 5 or 1 0 and 5, 3, okay, oh 41 people got it right, please put it over mute guys, dear friend, please, okay, so now it's 1 by 1000th part, good, good, good, good, 41 people got it right, pretty obvious, 8, 4, 3, same thing, 3 by 4, apparent height upon actual height is equal to 3 by 4, 4, 2s are 8, 6, gone, what are terms, good, good, good, good, good, no doubt, very easy going, can we proceed to the next one, are for ready, before that the leader board, good, good, good, good, so let's see who responded to this, the fastest one, 945, 957 by Tandon, Anike Gupta fastest, very good, very good, very good, very good, very good, very good, here we go to the next question, the time taken by sunlight to cross a 5 millimeter thick glass plate, whose refractive index is given, now that's beautiful, Surya might be liking the question, yes Surya, so Surya are you expecting graphs, by mistake if anyone has forgotten the formula, speed is equal to distance upon time, okay, such a huge help from my side, you know I love you a lot, Surya no that's not healthy dear, Gupta that might be sarcastic right, Gupta, okay, like you guys, the time taken by sunlight to cross a 5 millimeter thick glass slab, 10 times up, 2 high rises of 21 and 22 people answering, 10 and 5, good, look here, by speed is equals to distance upon time, you have to first calculate the speed of light in this scenario, which will be equal to distance upon time, so time is equals to distance upon speed, can I write it like this, yes or no, yes or no, yes or no, yes or no, and you have your answer, why do I feel something is wrong here, we will see again, millimeter, if it was a centimeter then this would have been possible, this is a millimeter, right, yes this is a millimeter, we will have to catch this, okay, so anyway, good, good, good, good, so the answer should be a, right, answer is a, right, one second, answer is a, 0.25 into 10 to the power minus 10, now there is a scope of getting confused, right, so it is coming out to be 2.5 into 10 to the power minus 11 or 0.25 into 10 to the power minus 10, good, good, good, meter per second, yeah, alpha being the right answer, Santosh, you haven't been, Santosh is a bro, he creates all these papers and questions and all that, he creates the digital content, okay, okay, okay, so this a is the answer, okay, so, good, good, good, and here we go to the leader board, so how many of you who are from that 22 column did how I did, 2.5, correct, Gupta is now leading the scenarios, our intendant is also there, a good hustle of odd 100 plus point difference, Nana was the fastest one to respond, very good Nana, and here we go to the next question, like there is a facility in mentee to give background music as well, filled with liquid appears slightly raised because of, yeah please, less than 2 seconds please, now you can't do it, you have to, like while creating that, while creating only that is allowed, it has to be done at the first slide, so even if I want like as I corrected the options, I can't do it like wise, so 100 seconds is required because people are not still answering, I kept 100 seconds because anyway if everyone will respond it will close by itself, so 53 people have responded, we are odd 60 people, there are people who haven't responded yet, geography teacher, okay, it's good, no it's good and healthy, right, geography is anyway boring, so like she'll have to entertain herself, Aniket is that a very big doubt, like a very big doubt, I'm not giving me, I read it, it took some 5 seconds for me to realize what this man is trying to suggest, so 48 people got it right, guys it is about refraction, not reflection, okay, good, good, good, Aryan is there, Aniket is there, who's the fastest one, Aryan was the fastest one to respond to this, very good Aryan, very good, very good very good my dear friend, here we go to the next question, for total internal reflection to take place, the angle of incidence and the refractive index of the medium must satisfy the quality, the inequality, to my dear friends of CHK I guess we'll have to discuss this, good, good, good, good, good, good, but at 7.23 I realized I read this question, I wanted to put it back, I did not have time to do that, really sorry for this, to CHK, I'm really sorry, yeah that's beautiful then, once your timing was 12.30 seconds, good, good, good, good, very good, excellent, but that zero is not healthy now over there, you won't learn that in bio only, you guys are, 18 people only got it right, now this needs a help, this is done refraction, not this one, this is a medium, the primary quality required for passage of like, for the happening of TIR, total internal reflection is, the night should travel from a denser to a rarer medium, now suppose the light is incidental, this is the normal, then post refraction, it will go like this, yes, away from the normal, yeah, if you'll increase the angle, it will come a point when you will incidental light and it will be on the surface, this is the verge of TIR, okay, if you'll check this scenario, then you surely have some angle of incidence, but your angle of refraction is 90, clear, so sin i upon sin 90, yes or no, clear, fine, okay, the refractive index, this will be the refractive index of this media, so what will be the refractive index of this, 1 by refractive index of denser media, okay, sin 90 is 1, so for TIR to happen the refractive index minimum should be equal to 1 upon sin i or to experience it coming back, clear, so fine, should be greater than sin, okay, or the other way, sin i should be greater than 1 upon refractive index, gi, everyone got it, everyone got it, everyone got it, again, Rn, Rn, I'll repeat it, don't worry, Rn, this is the scenario, this is the refractive surface, okay, the surface where refraction is happening, here it's a denser media, here it's a rarer media, light is being incidented, this is a normal, okay, it will be refractive like this, angle of incidence, angle of refraction, if I keep on increasing this angle, there is a positive possibility that the light will be refracted to this level, yes or no, and if so happens, this is angle of incidence and this is angle of refraction, by that calculation you will get that sin of angle of incidence is equal to 1 upon refractive index of the denser media, clear, sure, now, that tells you that for making it happen, it should be greater, okay, good, very good, very good, very good guys, good, so 18 people got it right, we will be observing a good shuffle, if the people who answered it, Rn tendon missed it, okay, Rn, no problem dear, you are playing good, well, I don't know the sign is the fastest one to respond, good, very good, very good, very good, you understand in equations, very good, here we go to the next question, 7 questions, 7 questions, the reason of shining of air bubble in water is same thing, you guys know it, now you guys, everyone knows it, the reason behind mirage, the reason behind optical fibre working, okay, sure, the reason behind shining of bubble, all are same, what is the reason, shining, shining ka reason is same, shining of diamond, shining, shining of diamond, that word mirage was the hint, right, now I waited for quite a good 10 seconds, no beta, see, shining different category of optical phenomena, splitting of light that is rainbow and other things is a different category of optical phenomena, okay, clear, spreading of light is a different category of optical phenomena, spreading in technical term is called scattering, so, scattering, splitting and shining, there are 3 optical phenomena associated with all these 3 things, 56 people have responded, very good, I made mistake, sir, what is a diffraction, okay, diffraction, word meaning beta, 33 people got it right, pretty obvious, right, total internal reflection of light, next question, ready, one, two and before that the leader board, so now we might be having a shuffle, is it, is it, is it possible, the fastest one was khushi, very good khushi, show too how shuffle happened, next question, white light is passed through a prism, this colour shows minimum deviation, minimum deviation, now think, think about Vibhgyour, Vibhgyour, Vibhgyour, Vibhgyour, no wavelength is there, as a kid you know which one is having least, how green will it be, how green will it be, think, we will make a picture, everyone please respond, we will save some 30 seconds, time is up, I guess 3 people left, they have kept their phone like that, marking their present, 38 people got it right, why they got it right, because when this happened they thought about here what is coming out of a prism, is it Vibhgyour or is it Vibhgyour, tell me, A or B, so the violet will have the maximum deviation, the red will have the least, okay, easy, easy, easy, easy, easy, now you will remember for life if not yet, easy, nowhere, like let it be wavelength and frequency, yes, surely Nikola Tesla said, if you want to understand the universe, discuss in terms of energy and frequency, okay, but yes, here we can ignore it because that is easy to understand in general terms as well, right, am I right with the name Nikola Tesla, was that the person who said this statement I stated, no, but Einstein did not work in the line of frequency, he worked in the line of energy and speed, yes, very good, very good, very good, very good, very good, come on, need a board, suppose the shuffles are happening at down, R&R was the fastest one to respond, very good R&, very good, here we go to the next question, which of the following colors suffer, I made a mistake, I am telling it tomorrow, like day after tomorrow, scam on is also going to be the same, which of the following colors suffer maximum deviation, not minimum, the previous one was minimum, this is maximum, you know the difference now and the answer also, now for pretty obvious reason violet should be there, but if violet is not there then blue or indigo, right, if you guys know what Vibgur is, Vibgur is violet indigo blue, green, yellow, orange, red, right, please note it down, if 53 people had already responded when I stated this, yes Nandini, 45 people got it right because they are awake, all this 8, 3 and 2 people are Aniket Mungaras, okay, here we go to the next question, Mungara like if situations will go like normal, I will come sit with you at your system, I am so curious about it, yeah, leaderboard, I hope I have already explained the answer, no, no, no, no, Denso might cause some wear and tear, Ananya was the fastest, Disha was also the fastest, Gupta is consistently maintaining its position at the top, Gupta, don't mess up at the last one or two questions, okay, yeah, check here, mobile should be charged, come out of the house if the internet is not coming inside the house if you are using mobile data, okay, chalo, next question, now this I will have to explain, read this, then you might get or might not get relaxed, it's about trigonometry actually and the rate diagram of a glass slab, clues will be like trigonometry, I told you apply trigonometry, draw the rate diagram of a glass slab and apply trigonometry, shift means variation from the path, very good Disha, no problem, the lateral variation from the path of the light is called lateral shift, no, there wasn't any requirement to guess but okay, Ananya, good, the only problem while sitting in office is if your water is over you will have to go and buy it, okay, then no problem, Ananya, very good, very good, very good, relax, distance between the incident and emergent ray, that's pretty typical, let's come here, see guys, I'll draw it, okay, first of first, relax, understand for very few such questions I had kept, for also less number of questions and a big number, like a huge amount of time, thinking, incident ray, no doubt, normal, no doubt, refracted ray, no doubt, and then the ray coming out, yes or no, sure, now which is, if you will extend this ray, okay, and if you will extend with this ray, you will understand that the ray actually wanted to go here, but it has landed up here, so this distance is called lateral shift, G, I got it, what our dear friend said, the distance between incident radiation and refracted radiation, like emerging out, okay, diagram clear, now you want to use your trigonometry now and calculate or you want t for time or e for explanation, I'll explain straight away, if you need time, you can use time, explain, very good, very good, but can I draw this over here as straight, very good, now, a 4 by root 3 centimeter wide glass, so this is 4 by 4 root 3, sure, refractive index is root 3, okay, is incidented by a light at 60 degree, okay, so sine 60 upon sine r is equal to root 3, we need r, because that is what is going to help us, right, from here we got root 3 by 2, 1 by 2, right or not, clear, r is equals to 30 degree, y or n, y or n, y or n, very good, relax, see r is this, this brown, inside the brown is r, normal is yellow, r is this, this was 60, so will it not be 60 minus 30, which is 30, it's okay, I did not want to use 30 directly so that I don't confuse you with whether I have used r only, okay, got it, now, but just this is 30, this is 4 by root 3, yellow is also 4 root 3, so the brown line, the brown line, brown line is hypotenuse, okay, cos 30 degree is equal to thickness which is 4 root 3 by brown line, right, yes or no, my internet lagged and I couldn't hear your voice, okay, I did that, relax, no problem, no problem, no problem, no problem, no, no, we will explain by diagram on little else, slab, incidented ray, normal refracted ray and the ray emerging out, if you will extend the emerging out ray and the refracted ray, you will see there is a difference between them, this difference is called lateral shift, got it my dear friend Aditya, now, in order to calculate this lateral shift, you will have to apply trigonometry, okay, 90 degree angle you are seeing, you can see that the thickness of this slab is 4 root 3, you know that psi in i which is 60 degree by psi in r which is unknown is equal to refractive index, so from here you got a refraction angle as 30 degree and you have refraction angle, you know that the remaining, this is the angle of refraction, okay, clear, is 60 minus 30, clear, okay, now, in the right angle triangle Chota Wala, cos 30 degree is equal to adjacent which is thickness of the slab 4 root 3 given upon hypotenuse which is the brown line, clear, yes or no, yes or no, yes or no, cos 30 degree is root 3 by 2, so you got brown line is equal to 2, yes or no, brown line is equal to 2, yes or no, clear, fine, now, brown line is 2, this angle is 30, in this right angle triangle you have to calculate green dash, so sin 30 is equal to the lateral shift divided by hypotenuse, one should be the answer, okay, brown line be 8, have I made any mistake, brown line be 8, have I 1 by 2, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops, oops. Oops, brown line be 8, brown line be 8, okay, sure, so this is 8, this is going to be 1 by 2, 2 and 8 got cancelled, 4 is equal to lateral shift, now, for you guys, understand, every time you don't have to do this okay look here lateral shift is equal to the thickness multiplied with cosine of r sine of angle of incidence minus the R quickly note this down formula down quickly note this formula down so you will have lateral shift in this case is equals to 4 root 3 sine 30 cos 30 got it gi got it the formula formula formula is important got it guys got it got it got it good good good good good good so relax can we proceed kept the same question beta you can apply the formula and get the answer okay oops formula again formula is please note down lateral shift is equal to thickness of the slab or media multiplied by sine of angle of incidence minus refraction upon cos of angle of refraction okay better for some very obvious reasons I have kept this come on today okay niche not a long formula you can also remember it the other way not lateral shift by thickness is equals to right yeah job but good good good leaderboard though the leaderboard of this question doesn't matter a lot but good good good good some people have guess calculated some use estimation and some even calculated like a stretch I was the fastest one to respond very good a switch I'm very good big and here we go to the next question apply the same get the answer so that's a hum again so that's a twisted so that's a twisted refractive index of a rectangular glass slab is given our light ray incident at an angle of 60 degree given laterally displaced by 2.5 find the distance traveled by light in the slab so you have to calculate the brown line right or not I stated sorry sorry sorry sorry sorry sorry sorry if you can imagine that then I have told the answer sorry I shouldn't have let's finish this on time guys I don't think so it will be possible because only three minutes are there that means 90s like 180 second we will need we'll have 90 plus 90 cut two questions but there are 100 plus 100 cut two questions right jackfruit raw or right raw I like in northern part of the nation no better raw is cooked cooked in northern part of the nation as a dish as a fried dish so it's 29 people got it right 29 people got it right 29 people got it right okay explanation here relax same thing but other scenarios will be same are we having a diagram please are we having a diagram yes the distance which the light travels in the slab is the brown line okay sure fine this is 2.5 this is 30 so this is going to be the five got it everyone got it GI got it 29 people got it right and here we go to the leaderboard so Aniket is still leading the show good abhi 200 point the difference is there between Nana and Aniket here we go to the next question Nana you're going to do that because I know Abhi Aniket kha phone karabho jaay guy not and we are two square plates of same matter and same thickness but the length of B is twice that of a ratio of resistance of a and B is it doesn't switch up from optics to light a giga gya how long it took for you guys to remember that R is equals to Roel by a five second of mungara like Gupta you might have lost it 200 point that gap was there between you and I forgot the name of this went it's embarrassing for me now sorry Nana not Naima Naima Nana Nana was there in the name Naima there's a girl named Naomi not Naima Naima I guess sorry I might be wrong 21 that's beautiful yeah 11 11 11 21 relax relax look at it and we are two square plates of same matter and same thickness okay so the thickness is same length of B is twice that of a ratio of resistance of a and B ratio of resistance of a and B the ratio of resistance anish what happened what happened the kusto why why it has to be one is to two right so it is one is to two now let me check he ola like them a and B are two square plates congratulations of same metal okay same thickness okay thickness is same okay thickness is same this is a thickness okay so but length of B is twice that of a this is to L this is L B okay ratio of the resistance so R of a is equals to Roe length by area thickness into length okay R of B is equals to Roe length into thickness by area mm-hmm guys RA and RB are equal one is to one got it look at this line white color line can you see that is showing you which is the direction of measurement okay so your length is along this R is equals to Roe L by a is going this way the current is flowing this way okay now look from here beta that area of this cross section this cross section is thickness multiplied by this which is L the area of this cross section is thickness same thickness multiplied by 12 got it that's what that is what the beautifulness of the question for a square plate beta L B NH L NH are same I repeat Gupta big first of all this white light is telling you okay this is the direction of flow so R is equals to Roe L L is this way this is to L for B R is equal to Roe L for a okay now area of cross section is this area of cross section is this what is this area this is thickness multiplied by this L what is this area thickness thickness is same multiplied by 2 L okay so R and R got cancelled like everything got cancelled 2 2 got cancelled LT LT L RB by RA is 1 is to 1 got it got it everyone honestly state got it satisfied okay Gupta what happened tell me if we have facility for drawing a cubic it is given that these are the same thickness as a point any point okay thickness this is the thickness yes or no okay next this is 2 L and this is L okay and as they are a square plate so this will also become 2 L and this will also become L yes or no I'll be looking from here if this is a wire the cross section is here Hakiné and again and everyone what is the cross section of this T into L okay what is the cross section of this it is T into 2 L okay what is the length for which the current has to flow L here what is the length for which the current has to flow 2 L now 2 and 2 got cancelled its resistance is also 1 by thickness its resistance is also 1 by thickness okay 1 is to 1 got it as this is like a cha now I got it good good are we satisfied satisfied these are their square sides okay 11 people got it thank you Surya Nana good good good Eden good good good and Gupta good good good here we go wrong time for asking this you can also insert emojis how is fun taking the spotlight I don't know but I guess there is some algorithm they have like I always seen these kind of word informative fun knowledgeable okay good these these are what they all generally take good pressure no problem job can we proceed to the next question and it is another question at the wrong time what Anushka should I have if I'll put that I don't know then 100% it will get no so your statement should be like Eden why are there only four people from 0 to 40 is it like what you are asking it in oh bad Eden you had a good lockdown huh sure here we go to the real question the last question okay in the circuit shown the reading of a meter when switch S is open and then switch S closed because all those options are different or any any of the way you have to calculate only one dealing with optics landing you in electricity is like right but that's gonna be same in come on tomorrow okay not tomorrow day after tomorrow many of you might be just going to thrash me in the chat sir tomorrow day tomorrow can say for CHK refraction is not there questions are simple asha simple very simple simple and beautiful questions for you da for me is like everything is hard yeah yeah last time we see what I forgot to mark or something we can we can correct you how pilot explanation pilot explanation pilot explanation explanation explanation explanation explanation let's close calculate if I close if it is close this is going to be one three plus one four four by twenty five easy bravo good good good good good good relax let's see that Nana congratulations my dear friend Nana good good good very good very good well played Nana very good very good very good very good very good excellent good good good can you send the questions on most of it I generally do I'll just do it now as well okay thank you very much thank you very much thank you bye bye guys bye


Estonia has indeed established itself as a sort of a frontrunner, but sooner or later everyone will need to learn to accommodate this revolution. Estonia has become emblematic for digital transformation and a successful and actually sustainable e-government infrastructure. Today's presentations and debate will focus on the government's use of big data. What are future developments for the use of small and big data in the public sector? What are drivers? What are barriers? And what are problems? Actually said that we all gain power. Are you really sure about this? Is there no loser in this process? Well, I'm an optimist. In Estonia we've been building a digital government for a few reasons. One of them being that this is the way we see that we as a government can provide a much better service for our people, our companies. And we do keep building more. People like this a lot because exactly it makes their life better every day. Think that people value privacy less for the sake of gains in efficiency? You see it every day. If you go to social media you give all your or a lot of private data for a little value. And so it's the same game with publics, but in publics you have regulations. It's a cost benefit thing. So if we figure out a way to mitigate the manage the risks and we get enough value out of that, then basically again it's a choice to go forward. We have to invest a lot and we do invest a lot into cybersecurity because the vulnerability theoretically is there. It's always a big fear like the beginning of fire. When I found out the first mankind, oh we have fire and it's dangerous and let's stop it and it's the same discussion. It can be dangerous. To me it's quite right. It's built on a premise of democracy, it's built on a premise of trust in the government. We don't stop lighting the candles on a Christmas tree because the tree might catch fire.