Cyffredinol yn ymgyrch am gael arall i'r tîm, sy'n gweithio'r cyffredinol o'r cyffredinol Cymreithio Cymreithol ar y gŵr. Felly, mae'r cyffredinol yn gweithio'r refform USA oedol, mae'r cyffredinol wedi gweithio'r cyffredinol yn ymgyrch, os yw gwaith ymdweithio'r refforddau i gyd-gredinol i gyd-gredinol gyrsio eu cyffredinol i gyd-gredinol i'r cyffredinol. Rhaid oumbledwch eich gweithio ychydig yn cael ei wneud ychydig i gydag yr aes ac mae'n gweithio eich cwynhau i dda i'r cych o'r amilyniadau'r gweithio. Rhaid oumbledwch eich gweithio eu gweithio, a rhaid oedd eu gwasanaeth cael ei g Uno oedd ddoch chi'n edrych yn eu progrin herald – y cyd-dur yn ysdau. Rwy'n ei wneud i ddwy i'r Eirys ar y cerddmwyach. Byddai yn cyfyrdd yr ysgolffan ar y cerddwydau ar y cyfrifatwyd o unigon Cymru a gyfan odd mae'n ddiweddar o'i cyfrifatwyr o'r cyfrifatwyr gynhyrchildaeth sy'n gafd00 o'i gwybod fel tufynionUND mae'n gwybod fel tufynion ac mae'n gwirionedd ymgyrchu i'r dyfodol y ddechreuwch arnynni'n eu fan yw'r cyfrifatwyr e'r cyfrifatwyr cyfrifatwyr oedden nhw'r cyfrifatwyr eich bobl ysgrifennid o'r gwirionedd ydyn nhw i'r byd mae'r ystyried yma sydd wedi'u gwneud am y tyfu ac yw'r ysgolwyddon. Mae'r ystyried yma sydd wedi'u gwneud o ymddi'w gwneud ymddi'u byddai. Fod ydych chi'n gwybod ar gyfer y riliadau ar y gondoli'r cymryd yw'r ysgolwyddon, mae'n ddigon i'r ffordd i'r ffordd yw'r hynny yw'r cyfrifio'n ffordd gyda'r cyffredinol, ac mae'r byd o'r perfiddech chi'n ddefnyddio'r dweud. Rwy'n credu'r credu. Mae mae'n enghreifftio y mydraig o ddiwedd mor hyn, ac mae rhai os erioed o'u gwybod yma ym wythch yn e-commerce. Felly y tax-code yn y cyfnod digidol. Roedd yn y cyfnod rallon yr e-commerce, roedd y gallu'r cyfnod yma. Mae'r gwahod mewn tax-code ar hyn o'r nôr bod y pirmennu amser. gyda gael y cyfosib am gyfosib dros gennym, a lle mae'n gael y ffaptoriaeth, mae'n gael i chi'n gael gael. Mae'n ddiwethaf o'r bwysig ymrhyw gynhyrch yn y cyfosib, wedi gael. Dwi'n gael, mae'n ddiwethaf o'r rhaglen digidol, a dych chi'n ddiwethaf o'r rhan ffodol. Mae'n ddigidol oherwydd y cyfosib yn ymgyrch yn y cyfosib. Mae'n ddigidol yn ddigidol i chi.Clond.a'r gre Arts is a vision of how to do this the U.S has a vision of how to do this Germany has a vision, many others have a vision of what this should look like Australia. Minister Downey I'll go back to you. I wanna be blunt a lot of people are accusing Ireland of dragging its feet and not wanting to be involved in this discussion. What is the role of Ireland in defining what a digital permanent establishment looks like? Yr hyn yn ymgyrch, ond ydy'n cael ei ddweud yn gweithio'n ymlaen nhw y Un i'r uneddau o'r ddweud o'r chynlluniaethau a'r ddweud o'r ddweud yn ymlaen nhw. Ond ond ar gyfer mae'n ddweud efallai fod yn ymlaen nhw, bod ymarfer yn gallu'n ddweud o'r ddweud ymlaen nhw yn ymlaen nhw, sy'n ddweud i'r ddweud, ond ond ymlaen nhw yn ymlaen nhw. Rwy'n ymlaen nhw'n eu cymdeithio ar y byd, ac ryddech chi, yn rydyn ni'n ei ad issuesio ar y cyfarwydd ddigonol, sy'n rydyn ni'n ddidd спynnyddio'n cymdr. Rydyn ni wedi bod yn gyflawni i'r ddawn da�nau gwahagnyd eich cyfnod gyda'r increase rwyf ar dweud awgfodol Cymru. If you are exporting economy, and if you a service exporting economy, that poses a gigantic challenge for us. And I have to reserve my rights, of which I have done, to say I am sorry. I am sorry if a change like that will set a precedent that if you're an exporting economy will be a real challenge for us. The other grave concern that we had is that we believe a change like this, the safest place to do us is in Engel's organisation. Because if we don't have the engagement of the US, if we don't have the engagement of Japan, if we don't have the engagement of China, I believe we run a real risk of a tax issue becoming a trade issue. And I don't need to tell this audience of the current trade challenges that we have. So what are we thinking of moving forward to? Firstly, we acknowledge this system needs to evolve and needs to change. Secondly, we believe that this should be treated in a way that is similar to how we organise corporate tax policy at the moment as I've come out of the BEPS process. And thirdly, what we're looking for is balance in recognising that value creation is genuine and does happen within companies and that the tax incidents should recognise that. It's really complicated, it's very technical, but if you look at the progress that was made in BEPS, many said it wouldn't happen. And it has happened and we all have our part to play in that process now. And you sort of alluded to this, is there an approach that you're leaning towards and that you think makes the most sense so far? It sounds like you're not in favour of the UK approach of taxing based on where users or in-face users are. I'd prefer to say though at this point I think there is. So I think the key issue that we have not yet teased out in the debate is there is an assumption that there is a digital economy here and the rest of the economy over here. Whereas in fact what we have had is an entire economy that has become digitised. More and more. And I think we still have to figure that out. So that is why the principle that we have for other elements of corporate taxation we will hold in relation to digital taxation which is you need to be cognisant of where value is created. And my own view is we haven't made enough progress in that yet. And I think where you will see that happen is in the inclusive format work that is now underway led by Pascal Santaman in the OECD. And we'll play our part in that. Let me just ask him one more question so the hot topic for him. Given this is the first time in my career I've ever been described as a rock star of anything. I do feel I should play my part. Enjoy it while it lasts. Because I don't expect that description to last for long. I mean as you well know the EU proposal for that 3% digital tax failed in the last few weeks. There have been calls as I'm sure. Those are sales tax. This is what he says. Well what I'm trying to go with this is what your stance is on taking away the unanimity around tax issues in the EU. There are calls that we wouldn't need every country to sign on to a new tax proposal in the European Union. That seems directed somewhat at you and the Nordic countries. I think it's very interesting that when this policy is put on the table the assumption is that the people who will be most concerned about it are countries like my own. And the countries who will be most vocal about it are finance ministers like me. Only one of those assumptions is correct. You're right. In the kind of debate that's on the way and has been on the way. I have been careful in trying to protect what I believe our national interest is. And I do this as a politician who's completely committed to the European project. But what is also the case is that there are many many many other countries within the European Union. Small and medium size than indeed some quite big. Who would have grave concern verging on complete opposition to allowing their ability to set their rates are based be removed from them. Where we have made incredible progress on and I think again this is still has to be called out is the work that has happened on templates and standards. While less clear at times than what's your race is having an indelible effect on what our corporate tax landscape is going to be. And I believe that's underestimated in some of the debate that's on the way though of course not here Heather. So if I'm hearing you correctly you're not in favour of getting rid of unanimity and you think you're not the only one who feels that way. Yes to both. Would you like to jump in? No I don't want to talk about the governance of the EU. I mean it's difficult enough. Now on the sales tax issue what was the original? Well not the original but the French promoted the zero directive that should have started on the 1st of January this year which it didn't. And that was a 3% missed sales tax. It was a 3% on turnover. It was a 3% on your invoice. Now why 3%? Well because it was assumed that 3% on the invoices has something to do with some kind of proxy with the type of profits you could get. Because normally if you tax the profit at 25 or whatever it is when 12.5 in your case. But the question is that it bears a certain relationship has to do with an imputed benefit or profit from a certain size of your invoice. Ok now this is what the British did. They went out there and they got information from third parties. That means everybody who did business with this company and they say well they all tell me they spent so much and therefore they gave you so much money and we're going to assume that out of that money you made so much. So it's the imputation of the imputation of the imputation and that becomes quite you know after a while. First of all it's easy to avoid and second it's relatively it becomes very theoretical and sometimes it may become unfair. But there is a political imperative here and that is people after the crisis. You still have very high levels of unemployment in a bunch of countries and you have two issues. One is the man on the street has to pay the taxes whatever it is 12.5% or 25% or 30% rich people put the money in a tax haven therefore didn't pay taxes. Companies small and medium sized companies pay taxes. They are constrained by the borders and then large companies did not pay taxes. The difference between the two cases the first one was illegal the second one was legal because we built these rules to avoid double taxation. We created the perfect double non taxation and therefore we now have to get back and rewrite the rules. This is a complexity and this is why everybody is trying now. What everybody has agreed whether it is France or whether it is the UK or Italy or Spain whatever is that the moment there is an OECD deal on the table then they will start a sunset.  So this is why it's interesting this is why it's important and this way a lot of people are saying we will move in that direction when there is if and when there is an OECD. How long do you think it will take to get an OECD? Oh we have a very clear timeline a very clear mandate 2019 we are going to deliver a relatively detailed or relatively let's say a set of complete set of a good compass a good signalling system and then we will deliver the final report and start implementation in 2020. But that is the way the G20 mandated us. We are not lagging behind this is not late. I say this is too important to be urgent so don't trip over yourselves in order not to do it now. But if there is a political imperative then of course we respect it but let's make sure that everybody is ready to move forward when there is a deal on the table. And here I like to recognize the presence of the Premier Bermuda who is a country he's gone the extra mile a lot of political courage precisely in order to align his country to these international best practices. What I want to say is that we can already act. You said it's legal. A lot of this stuff is legal but a lot is not legal if you have a really close look. Look at apple, look at Nike where the European Commission is now having a look if their system with Bermuda and Netherlands and other branches is illegal state aid or not. So I think it's very easy to say we have to wait. We have to wait but we also can act already now and my call is aside from that for more solidarity especially in the European Union. We're like brothers here and still we are losing billions. We are losing billions of taxes that is lacking for better schools for safer roads for better education. And when we talk about billions and millions it's like flowing around but it's not you know the human side is really important for the people out there to understand. I think we have sort of three areas. What we've been discussing a moment ago is well we recognize there are harmful processes but they're legal and we need to develop principles. Some of them pose challenges. The point you raise digital economy there are very different points of attachment and it gets more immaterial the longer the process goes. If you look at a cell phone it starts with a gold mine somewhere and then you have an element in Silicon Valley and then ultimately you have somebody who buys it. And the question can be it can be debate where would you then tax to what extent of the end up process. The other point would be the other extreme that was our main interest is the clearly illegal. We've been seen we've been seeing enough of it. I mean Panama Papers is all over the. It's all about illegal practices first of all would be good if we can get get our hands on them. And then in between there are forms which are maybe not thoroughly illegal yet but they're very clear they have only one aim and that's circumvention and that's where you are with with your harmful tax initiatives. Yeah if I would just agree with a point that Bastion made there I mean you will have expected me to hear me make some of the points that I made earlier on. But as an elected politician the point that Bastion has touched on there about the need for a social contract in relation to taxation I think is an essential point. And it is. But in addition to that the two OK I got to jump in there. Some would argue that Ireland's a free rider. You're not contributing up taxation Germany and others are doing that for you and providing defense and other capabilities in the EU. And how do you sort of say you're doing a fair job. Yeah so what I would do is I would point to what we have done over the last number of years and to say the issues that have been a cause of debate and been a cause of concern. They were they were recognized but what I think needs equal recognition is all of the actions that have been taken by myself and my predecessor to respond back to them while also asserting our rights which we have as a country to look at how we can be competitive. So we touched on there for example in relation to an arrangement that was associated with Malta Ireland when we now have the changes in place to make sure that can't happen. I've touched on many of the treaty changes that we have implemented through our finance bills and in relation to Apple and let me deal with that head on because it's been touched on by a number of participants here. So within the European Union we disagree with the assessment that the European Commission made of it but we have played by the rules in relation to us. We were asked to put in place a process to collect 14 billion euro. We have done that. All that money has been collected in cooperation with Apple and we have done it. And the key case that we will be putting forward here is much of the charges that have been levied at us are due to the fact that there was a mismatch between our tax code and the international tax environment. And a huge amount of this has now been addressed by the change that has happened in the American tax code in particular regarding the patriation of earnings to America. So, yes, Sarah, to take your point, what are we doing in relation to the social contract both for our citizens and within Europe. It is the changes that we have made and I'm committed to continuing to do that. Let's do one more question maybe on the US impact and then we'll open it up to the floor if anybody has questions in the room and I bet they will. So, the big concern a year ago when the United States lowered its corporate tax was that we were going to start a race to the bottom where everyone was going to start slashing their taxes and we were just going to get lower and lower and lower. We're a year on, we haven't really seen that yet but we have seen some proposals. Mark, is that still a concern of yours that we might see a race to the bottom in taxation, corporate taxation? Well, my angle to this is that, you know, small countries are vulnerable. So, if we want to squeeze small countries into siding with the general attitudes that for instance a body like the OECD is developing, they will actually participate. That's what we've been seeing but the US of course is the real free rider. I mean, it has to see it that way. Not in an equal way, there are some states that are more a free rider, more of a haven if you want but they are the real problem. But, you know, a lot of smaller countries teaming up to tell a bigger one we've had it now, we want you to join. These are the rules, that's a possibility. I think that's my experience in international work that you can actually also tell a big guy to, yeah. You want to jump in here? Yeah, about Bastian's point about the millions and the billions. We have, I mean, we've already counted, we count, the countries receive the money. More than 95 billion euros, which is 110 billion US dollars. Simply from taxpayers who are now convinced that their name is going to end up in the taxman's desk if they don't come and declare it first. And they have come in and said, oh Mr Pascaldon, can we, in the hypothetical case that a hypothetical, you know, taxpayer would have, you know, my secretary didn't send a copy to you. My God, the report was missed, you know. I should make it clear that I have not had this discussion with anybody. Or would I get out for any near of Mr Pascaldon. What can we do and say? Well, I would invite you to, I don't know, change your uniform, one for a stripe, one like that, you know, something like that. But basically, 95 billion have, quote unquote, voluntarily come in and paid. Now this is not the assets. These are the taxes. It represents 10, 15 times more assets that are deposited in there. And now they're coming forward because they are convinced that there's nowhere to hide. So this is happening. Now, we've reviewed 240 preferential tax regimes. Half of them have been amended or abolished. Real progress. Really important. Countries have started to exchange information on 16,000 tax rulings. The tax rulings are now mandatory to publish. So the question of transparency has been modified, has been increased exponentially. And we haven't finished yet. And the tax on digital is one remaining issue. But the progress is absolutely, you know, it's undeniable. I'll quote a classic called Mr Putin, Vladimir Putin, who said when we went to the G20 in St. Petersburg, he said, this is the greatest revolution on the international tax regime in 100 years. Because that's where we launched it in the St. Petersburg G20.  And maybe you can make some other points. Any questions from the audience? Jump in. Yes. A couple of weeks ago, the Spanish government approved two taxes. The digital tax, so-called Google tax. And the so-called Tobin tax on financial operations. What I'm asking is, apparently Spain has decided not to wait. And I would like to ask you if this changed the landscape or the time in the agenda. And if it is a good idea, implement these new taxes alone. Great, thank you. So I made the case earlier on for the ability to set your tax rates being an element of your national economic sovereignty. So therefore it's only appropriate to recognise Nadia, my colleague in Ecofin and Eurogroup, for the decision that she has made in relation to the particular rate that you've referred to there. Do I think it will slow down the kind of debate or momentum that's underway within a European or international context? No, I don't. And of course it is the right of the Spanish government to determine how they want to set a rate or how they want to set a base. And just to refer back to the point that Heather made there in relation to a race to the bottom. Very briefly, I will not be reducing our rate. I've absolutely no plans to do it at all and I will not be part of such a trend. And secondly, my judgement is that you will see a movement down in top line rates. But I don't believe it will be of the magnitude as many are currently indicating. That's great. Did you have your hand up? I'm not a member of the media, I appreciate the opportunity to ask a question. And this would be to you Minister of Finance. Clearly a lot of the concern for people in jurisdictions like mine are the new EU economic substance rules which are now being adopted by the OECD. In your view and some of the statements of what you made is that you felt that these type of global tax changes should be better done through the OECD as opposed to the European Union. I guess it's a hypothetical question not asking to speak for some of your colleagues. But why is it that you think that so many of your other colleagues do not take that same view and do not wish to work through the international system they're trying to unilaterally force it through on an unbalanced way for the EU? Okay, so the most difficult kind of questions to answer are ones that are hypothetical. And at least you were good enough to acknowledge that it is a hypothetical one. And I'm certainly not in any position obviously to speak on behalf of some of my colleagues. I think the reason why there is the kind of momentum that you've just described there is a concern on behalf of some colleagues that it might be very, very, very difficult to make any progress at all on that area internationally. And there's more of an aptitude for trying to do that on a regional level than a global level. And I think that is influencing some of the debate you're seeing at the moment. Do you want to... They all want to work with us Prime Minister. I don't think the point is that they would say I'd rather work outside of the OECD. No, the question is the OECD has a certain process where it takes time to do multilateral issues. Unilateral takes one leader, one congress and you've got attacks. Well, sometimes it's very difficult to get one leader, one congress agree or whatever. But the point here is we understand the political imperative. We understand why Bruno Le Maire or why the Italian Giovanni Tria or why Nadia Colvinio are saying let's tax digital. Because we need to tax the digital. The only question is we haven't taxed the digital for a long, long time and therefore perhaps putting it together, doing it very carefully, but they appreciate having a broad-based agreement. Why? Because if you do not have, this is like the automatic exchange of information, which you have been so important in, you know, practicing in Bermuda, but also leading the church. If you do not have everybody in the game, then you just go to the country next door. This is like corruption, Mr Pete. He is the big anti-corruption czar of the Lord and whatever it is. But the question is, and if you do not have everybody playing by the same rules now, it does not necessarily have to be the same tax rates, but certainly the rules have to be the same. Otherwise you can go, but Google tax please, the Google tax, any country as long as they are ready as Italy and Spain have been, to say, OK, I'll remove it the moment there's an OECD deal. And last but not least, the Tobin tax is a very old tax. Many countries have practiced it and they all say it's temporary and nothing more permanent than a temporary tax. So beware. Maybe it's not a better idea if some go ahead, you know, give a start and show that it's practical and then follow the OECD when it comes. I think it's a better sign than everyone holding back and saying, oh, there's no international regulation there. What should you learn about, you know, trial and error? Yes. I think though we should, from the point of view of Europe, as a part of the world that is a net exporter to the rest of the world, I think we should take great care about establishing tax policy in a way that's perceived to be targeting particular companies. Europe is about designing tax policies for an economy or for part of an economy. And I think this is something that we need to be aware of in the global debate. All right, one more question. The back was first hand. Hello, it was Stephen Carlin from 24. I spoke to Britain and America a couple of hours ago and I asked him, did he expect there would be an EU agreement? He told me that he thought that he would be able to convince the four EU countries that haven't signed up to the digital tax. So consider yourself warned minister. He said that himself with his German counterparts will be doing everything they can to convince you. Will they be able to do it by the end of March, as Bruno Le Maire says? Okay, well, I had the opportunity to meet my good colleague Bruno earlier on today. And both of us look forward to meeting maybe in Dublin or in Paris kind of in the coming weeks. Bruno's already offered to buy me a beer in relation to all of this, as you may well know. But I think it is fair to say, and this won't surprise Bruno, that the concerns that we have in relation to this, you know, are of a very, very principled level. What does it mean for future tax policy for exporting countries if you shift taxation to where consumption happens? And that transcends even the debate that we're having about the digital economy. And there are quite a few countries within the European Union that have that concern. So we will continue to be active and constructive in the debates. But I think there are economy-wide implications of that approach that will continue to become apparent in the debate that's going to unfold on us. I think that's all the time that we have. Thank you all for your insights and thanks for the great questions. And please, everybody's always wanted to know about the digital tax problem that's in our website. And this is the document we released last March. March a year ago. This is the one we just delivered to the G20 heads in Argentina. And there's a lot of progress. Here it was all about why we don't agree on anything. And this one is a convergence story. And this is within the same beer. Not bad. Thank you.


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Good morning everyone. We have our Starbucks orders.  That's what the classic drink This merch is only available for the rest of December So if you guys want any of the merch that's available link down below It's only available for the month of December, then it's gone forever. So I have my Vanilla cream cold brew with no vanilla syrup and peppermint. So basically the peppermint so you can cold brew but it's not on the menu Here we go guys Welcome actually let me speak it's other stuff It could be better. Um anyways, no I literally can't do this. I hope this isn't so bad anyways Welcome to vlogmas day 23. It is Christmas Eve Eve It's like so bright out and not that cool today And so I'm like not that happy because it just doesn't feel like Christmas and honestly, okay, I Am someone who like really needs my things to be like organized and Whatever I need my own space and I don't have a room at this house or like any of my houses in Texas anymore So I have like no space, which is fine. I just like I go like a little bit crazy So anyways today it is like I said December 23rd Christmas Eve Eve My brother and Quinton are going to the gym right now. It's like noon We've already been to Starbucks today, but I'm going back to Starbucks to work I don't have like a room at the house that we're staying at or like any of my houses in Texas anymore And it kind of makes me go crazy because I like need myself to be organized and like whatever and I'm going We're switching houses on like two days. So it's just like why unpack kind of thing So I feel like I'm going a little bit crazy the holidays. I don't know. I watched Maggie's vlog this morning, too About how like sometimes the holidays are like harder and I love Christmas and I love the holidays But like sometimes they are kind of difficult. I don't know.  I'm going to Starbucks I'm gonna get some work done just because I feel like if I do something that's my normal routine I'll feel like a little bit better and then we have to go back to Uptown today Which is like a 40 minute drive from my house because Quinton insist We've been in the past two days and he couldn't have bought something the past two days Yes, we have to go back and I have like a few more presents. I still need to buy today I thought we would be done yesterday, but like North Park was just crazy and then we just were like we couldn't find everything So yeah, I'm going to go into Starbucks and get some work done guys Also, whenever I'm home for some reason Taylor Swift is just like Really hits I feel like Taylor Swift hits different like in the holiday season for some reason and then especially when you're in home Your hometown. I'm like wow, you know Also comment down below guys this year. I finally was like listen I know that I'm only gonna wear sweats so I'm not gonna pack all these other clothes because I only wear sweats when I go home for breaks and Comment down below if you like get dressed and cute I also don't go to any of my like hometown parties or anything like that So maybe that's why I really prefer you to stay at home and wear sweats every single day So comment down below if you guys do the same because I was like looking at some people's stories And I'm like that's really impressive that you dress like that, but it just like couldn't be me, you know Also guys, I'm listening again to okay sis my fave girls when I fear podcast and they have a Taylor on So I want to listen also. I just realized it's so funny They just had Olivia Perez or live Perez on which is like really funny because I literally just did an episode with her I didn't even notice I guess I don't get notifications or something. I don't know, but yeah, I'm gonna listen to this and go inside It's got some stuff done I made a lot of spreadsheets for 2020 but guys This is like one of my favorite parts of my hometown. It's just so cute and pretty and literally everyone and their mother besides me Actually took homecoming photos and stuff here Do you guys have that one place that everyone did my friend group like then it was kind of the place that everyone went to So you like didn't really want to anyways so pretty this is starboard cafe It's like one of my favorite breakfast spots, but I'm on my way to pick up Clinton He's back from working out and we're gonna go do the final shopping guys I'm actually crying so many of you guys are sending this so Ritzy. I made a pot for dogs So now you can match your dog Actually, it's so cute. I really should just get it for cocoa, but like you don't understand I think like 200 people have sent me this it's so freaking funny also guys I have amazing news Jennifer Fisher is opening up an LA store So she's opening up a place on cannon and Beverly Hills It's just like really close to rodeo and stuff so I'm Thrilled that there's gonna be two because there's only one in New York And we didn't get a chance to go in and I really just want to get the size up from these Keaton has a size up We literally got ours the same week and we didn't even realize the other person was getting them But I feel like these are just too small at this point in my life And I need really big ones and I keep considering buying them and I honestly should have just bought them for myself for Christmas But I already got this bracelet and I was gonna say that's a Christmas But I just think about them all the time So I might actually do that pretty soon because I feel like I would just wear them now and stop but anyways Quintin's here We're gonna go back to uptown, which we could have just done the past two days over there but Yeah, like what was the difference because like obviously I'm gonna be here it like he wants to get my present here Obviously I was gonna be here price her but she's Right in the fact that I wouldn't have had a car and like had I been gone I would have had to lie or something like said I was going to the gym or something or But you could have easily just been like hey Ken's they're like especially my mom was with us yesterday Like you could have like but here we are driving back But I think we're actually gonna Highland Park Village first we love it We love it there and we want on a bar, so we'll see I'm actually like not hungry But I'm sure by the time we get there.  It's actually Quintin. It's not me, but it's cuz I never pushed her right way I know it's shocking actually it is shocking the only thing I don't budge on I Do but like food like when I'm hungry. I'm like it's not really even like you just I just because hangry Q is detrimental Actually literally the worst thing I'm awful, but no more than that. I think I just don't I I'm actually way More low maintenance than anyone would ever probably think so look I don't care enough for things like window seats and stuff in the airport and stuff I don't really air airplane like I'm like you can take it like things like that. I just don't care But I know like he cares more so anyways We're gonna head off to Dallas for the third day in a row and we could have just gone Okay guys we last one it decided to stop a neighborhood good thing is on the way and I didn't go the other day Also, I'm wearing my odds in public great move. Bye anyways So beautiful Wow, I love their stadium goods This is so cute. They have little letters to Santa. Oh my gosh That is so cute. Oh my gosh guys the exact leather jacket basically that I have in my head Wow Yeah, that's like really cheap a good person to be the ones that I like I'm obsessed with oh my gosh Wait, okay, I don't need to shop for myself right now, but good to know like this is actually like perfect It'd be perfect leather jacket Oh my gosh, I love it These are so this is new That's so cute. So I'm sick now has diffusers. I love this brand. I have the text this one I'm gonna say Friday night football and Dallas. Oh, that is so cute Wow, I love that. Oh my gosh, so cute backyard barbecue. I wonder what this even smells like Friday night football I actually like that I swear each one smells different like I like that Also, this is cool, and this is made in Texas, which I love so very very cool Okay, we made it to Highland Park Village This is personally my favorite place They have an honor bar here, which is one of our favorite restaurants ever Actually, it is our favorite restaurant. I take that back. Anyways, they have one here. They have great shopping It's really high in stores So it's not like your casual everyday shopping, but it's just so beautiful and so cute So on a bar. I'm trying to show you guys this right back here And it's even it's the honor bar in Dallas. It's even better than The one in Beverly Hills to my add I'll have cash a tip though Okay guys, anyways, so I just ordered two gifts. I finished my dad and my stepmom They had prime one-day shipping I wanted to do a prime Amazon Prime gift guide for like The 22nd 23rd or whatever I just didn't get around to doing it. So I will do it next year, but I need to put chopstick on really bad We're about to go in and cook and cook and eat. What? They have a megasina here too. I think they've not always had that I love megasina And they have one of my favorite anthropologies Anyways, I got my stepmom a nice pair of gloves that she wanted and then I got them on top of that this like Mobile heated massager thing because my dad is like my dad is a very like brick stone dad What does that even who's reserved for? My dad is a very like brick stone dad like stuff like that. Anyways, he looks like massager things whatever so I got not But I'm really hungry I Guys we're at honor bar they cut it into two pieces to our house for us They normally do three anyways the crispy chicken sandwich from honor bar if you guys live in Dallas or LA It's the best thing ever and then in Dallas their kale salad has chicken on it It's also very amazing in the LA.  It's amazing Guys, this is just so beautiful You have no idea Just left honor bar Wow, what a beautiful day Dallas we love it who knew Kenzie would make me a believer Wow Okay, hug season. I like season and we're still breathing You what are you trying? You're not Drake But we love it here. I was literally talking to you and you start blogging like we're in a conversation It's true. It's true. Okay. No, we got a talk. Bye. Bye. Oh Whoa Whoa, whoa Okay They're back if you guys know comment down below JB is dropping a song tomorrow shout out to JB much love but your boy might be coming out with Dropping okay. Whoa. Okay Okay, so anyways Quentin we're back in Uptown, which we don't or West Village. We don't need to be here, but we're back It's for her Christmas gift. Yeah, we're getting my Christmas gift, but Yeah, we've already gone through it. So anyways, yeah, we love it here really cute I kind of want to go to the other person to watch after party feel about that Whatever you want I'm back. Here we go guys. I've logged this for like three days in a row, but we're going to the store next to here Here we go Yeah Guys we drove all the way here and they don't even have the right admission one So it's okay though. We're just in Dallas having a fun day and getting matcha Okay Of course, it's your camera. I'm just holding it for you. Thank you. Thank you Okay, so we went to the matcha or this isn't a matcha place where they have matcha here I think I said recently in a blog I wanted to come here. It's very good They had cute little designs Quinton said that there was one they did a Texas like the state of Texas on top Which is so cute. Anyways, we're gonna leave we're gonna head to my dad's who lives like super close to here and Get my mom's present and then zoom over to the Galleria to go to American girl for Sophie to get her some Christmas gifts Which she's I've obviously been shopping for her the longest but for some reason I Ordered her stuff. I'm like, okay. Sorry guys. Like I was saying. Oh shoot Okay, so like I was saying As you guys probably remember from my Texas home special vlog of a Thanksgiving break or the first actually the first vlog of vlogmas I actually didn't say this and anyways, we went to American girl and I got these Slippers to match. Okay, basically I ordered Sophie the ugly slippers to match me because she was matching with me obviously and then American girl had really similar Like slippers in this one pajama set that was basically discontinued and somehow like Quinton pulled some strings And we ended up getting it and ordering it online and then it ended up never showing up to my house and blah blah blah Whatever, so I don't want to just give her slippers your Christmas because she's like for that's not fun Like she would she will actually like them, but obviously I need to give her something that's like more fun So we still need to go back to American girl and get her something that would be fun So we're gonna do that after we go to my dad's because I had my mom's President's liver to my dad's that is one perk of your parents being divorced, you know You just send your presents to the other parent. So this is the smallest car ever. Oh my gosh. It really is Wow, look at the beautiful Texas skies everyone Love that. Okay. Well, we picked up the package. I'm not gonna show the box. It has our address on it And now we're heading off to American girl which hopefully the parking at the gallery isn't gonna be awful, but like it definitely will be so Just really hoping for the best tonight guys made it to American girl Quentin loves the classic red trees of the Galleria. This is every single year Yeah, I was literally just gonna say it's because red is his favorite color, but anyways, we're back in American girl Honestly, you get it. What's up? Sophie owns at this point the entire store. So actually finding something she doesn't have will be hard But I just have to figure something else out. So we'll look okay guys. We're in American girl Sophie is a gymnast so I'm getting her the gymnastic set and then we're also gonna get her this leopard pet bed because my mom got her The dog and it's so cute. I got her the leopard coat last year if any of you guys remember that but anyways, this is super cute Look the beam And it's also nice because a lot of these things are like really bulky But I feel less bad getting this because I don't think my sister will like kill me as much You know, it's like small so it's good guys. We only got two things and it's so much It's fine. It's it's gonna be good. Um, anyways, we got the big gymnast thing You guys will see I'll show you a little haul later, but I'm so glad Sophie's at the age for American girls all because that just means I get to relive my American girl stuff the fact that I'm wearing like Uggs and Walk out of American girl living vicariously through it.  That's how I feel like at 22 when I'm walking around in Texas and up Hey guys, look who did maddy maddy maddy maddy maddy maddy Wow, that was so great. She keeps us. All right, so We're about to go to dinner with my family or my parents Maddie and I really feel like it's middle school because we're going to dinner with my parents and I'm wearing Ugg boots, which is pretty much all we did in middle school and we walked to Starbucks I actually I went and worked about Starbucks today, and I almost texted you, but it doesn't even feel like the same one because it's Renovated what you were saying that you were like working at Starbucks like grinding as a breeze. I was grinding as a breeze I would be honestly being a Everyone's vanilla sweetened cobra with peppermint. Yeah, exactly. Yeah, I'm sure that I Have to be a great time. I think my drink is a mistake. No, it's not a mistake All right guys, so we just go back from dinner with my parents is really fun But I hope you guys enjoyed if you guys did let me know by subscribing giving this a thumbs up We have two days at the vlogmas, which is really crazy Honestly really one because I did I'm like a little bit ahead I uploaded on December 1st, and you're supposed to like start on December 2nd So I think I'm gonna like combine tomorrow and the next day and then upload it on Christmas I don't actually know what I'm gonna do So maybe ignore me, but oh really quickly. I'll actually know I'll show you guys tomorrow I have gifts to show you guys tomorrow. Hope you guys enjoyed today's vlog, and I'll see you guys soon. Bye


Hello and welcome to the Pride of India show. Our guest today is Aditya Bagri, Director of Bagri Group, India's leading breakfast cereal brand. Aditya is striving to take the three-year-old company to the next level. Welcome to the show, Aditya. Thank you so much, Kanchan. Thank you so much for having me on the show on the platform. Aditya, please take us through the initial journey of Bagris. So Bagris was a business that started out of pure passion. So as a food processing group, we've been in the business of grain-milling and food processing for over 50 years. The family has been enrolled for many years in the space of flour-milling and grain-milling. And that's the origin of our journey with food processing. So my father who started our media group was someone who started his own module journey at a very early age. He set up his first flour-milling units at the age of 19 and got involved in the business very, very early and subsequently built a successful B2B business where we were giving tailor-made ingredients out to various multinational companies. And once he established that, he was very passionate to put something of his own on the shelf. And he was also cognizant of the fact that flour-milling was predominantly selling Mehta, which is, as we all know, is unhealthy. And Mahatma Gandhi spoke very strongly on the nutritive values of the outer layer of the B-frame, which is the brand. So he wanted to do something with brand and try and make it fit for human consumption because it always went as a scattle fee because it was unstable. So with a lot of experiments, he was able to stabilize B2B and that was our first retail product. And the idea was to build a modern day consumer startup as we see today. The idea was to put something very honest and something that we were very passionate about around nutrition on the shelf and eventually build out something which we cannot be proud of. So the early days of the journey was pure passion. We did not view it from a business lens. We started with products like Weed Brand and many consumers wrote back to us saying that it actually made a difference to their lives. So whether it helped them lose weight or get their digestion in order or they felt a lot better and those responses were very heart-warming. That was really our motivation to continue innovating. So we started innovating by creating categories such as oats and loosely introducing them in India at a time that you didn't have access to the internet or the kind of supply chains that exist today. And so we managed to do it fairly indigenously and kept on innovating. We were the first people to actually launch nutrition bars in the country also back in 1998, which is a category which was way before time. So the idea was to keep on innovating to try and build something which is healthy way ahead of its time, whether it's worked in the West, whether it's something that is required for the Indian consumer. We put it in a palette where it is acceptable to an Indian consumer. And in the early 2000s, we pivoted from what was our passion to a proper FMCG business, dedicated the right team for it, made sure that we expand capacities, put up a state of the art facility in March, which does most of our breakfast and eventually put a FMCG lens to it. And the B2B business exists and the FMCG business, which is the vertical that I look after is a pure play consumer business right now. And over the years, we've done many innovations. And the idea was to always challenge the status for what we believe is right for a category and put it out to our consumers. And fortunately, we've built decades of trust in the brand. And that's what consumers have valued, the trust, the quality. And in fact, it's largely perceived to be an international brand because of the quality and the kind of work we've done in the category. So very exciting journey so far and very exciting times ahead as well. Over the years, how did you connect with your consumers?  Yes. So the initial years, I'd say the early couple of decades was more of the first two points that you mentioned. Predominantly word of mouth. So I think there's lots of effort on putting the product on the shelf. Consumers tried it. They liked it. They referred it to other people. We reached out to the influencers of the 90s, which included nutritionists and doctors in a physical manner, gave them a lot of reading material, a lot of literature that was created, which included technical papers to explain the health benefits. And we also participated in a lot of events. So we had a heart event in Delhi or in other events in Bombay or the trade fairs. So I think the idea was that at the time in the 90s, the optionities to market beyond mass media were limited. And since we were starting out, we looked at every retail optionity which we could do. We sampled the product. So there was lots of below the line outreach that we did. But predominantly, I would say the largest equity we got was by creating a sincere and honest product, which consumers tried and they referred it to other people and it grew organically by word of mouth from person to person to shell to shell. And it was a very slow gradual increase that we saw. The other big innovations we did was one of the key innovations on supply chain, which we did was packaging. So which I think we are extremely proud of. So Oats globally and breakfast cereal globally is sold in the form of either pouches or boxes. And we were the first people, the best of our knowledge to introduce Oats in a pet jar, which turned out to be a game changer. So we got pet jars from a brand which is very popular in the 90s called Perlpet. And instead of putting it in tins, we packed the Oats in a pet jar. That itself became such a motivator for home makers to actually try and consume the Oats because they got a Perlpet pet jar free along with it that it completely pivoted the initial trial generation process. And once obviously people got into the habit of consuming Oats, it was a regular repeat process. But globally, I think we were one of the first few brands to actually putting cereal in a jar. And that's an innovation that I'm proud to say that lots of our colleagues, which are multinationalists, followed when they entered it. Whereas, and it's gone beyond India as well. So that's something we did on the supply chain side. And obviously, as things evolved, we had also done print. We also did lots of PR outreach to try and reach out to the right influences. The market was still very small to do mass media at that stage. And even the supply chain was limited. So most of our effort was actually below the line at the point of sale to try and sample the product out, make people try the habit, because I would lose to try and explain what made Barberies unique, which was why would you have Oats? Why would you have these categories that we were pioneering in.  So earlier it used to be all clubbed in one small breakfast cereal line. So I think as things evolved, our approach has been constantly changing today to acquire a customer. It's very different. You go right from digital advertising to again, the point of sale kind of work. So some of the basics don't change, which is point of sale and sampling. But obviously, the other mediums of where consumers are understanding what your brand is, is evolving constantly. But the early days was also the supply chain all below the line work to try and build it. And I think that was very exciting. And it's also a patient exercise. It doesn't happen overnight because you have to acquire each customer at the time. Can you please tell us about your most popular campaigns in recent years and which ad agency do you work with? So a lot of the creative throughput that we have is actually now in-house. So we have designers and creatives in-house. So we are working with specialized agencies for packaging, for influencer marketing, for media mind. But majority of the creative input is now through our in-house marketing team. And that's where a lot of modern day brands are evolving, which have significant amount of presence on digital because the sheer amount of output that you need to generate is significant. But from every campaign, we work with different agencies, all thorough professions. We put a board which has so many seasoned FMCG people on top who worked on much larger campaigns and at much larger scales. So I'm grateful to have their input on whatever work we're doing in terms of communication as well. But just to give an example, some of the more recent campaigns we've done, a campaign on Newsyly back in 2017, which was the first time that we went with the whole outdoor cab advertising media, along with print and along with airlines.  So that was a campaign we'd done with a boutique agency which has some senior creators and that was received very well. And the idea was to actually generate awareness around the mutual category. Since then, the category has taken off quite significantly. And in more recent times, most of the work which we've been doing has been very digital, very point of sale oriented. So it might be on a certain e-commerce platform, whether we're putting in communication or on platforms such as Google and Facebook. But they have become micro campaigns because the refresh rate is so high that we have to change creatives every 10 or 15 days. That's what consumer acquisitions come to. But from a pure grand generation piece, that was quite well received. And the only TVC we've done is in the state of south in Kerala, where we actually did an Oats campaign quite some time back where we did that in Malayalam. So we have the only time that we go on mass media and TV is in the market, which was very well band rated for us, which was Kerala. And we did a Malayalam TVC. What was exciting for us was that it was a very high quality campaign done with a great production team at a shoestring budget. But the campaign's resonance is still there today. The fact that people recognize that TVC, even though it's been a decade, is something that we value quite a bit. And now, obviously, the brand is also world, our approach is also world. So I think future campaigns, which we're seeing are very different from what we do in the past. And now the confines of above the line and below the line are merged a bit. It's all about acquiring a customer and customer lifetime value and the kind of data points that are available to us right now vis-a-vis what we could see earlier in terms of offline and mass media are very different. So I think the approach has become a lot more scientific. And the idea is now to actually create a whole range of new products and educate consumers and get new consumers to try us, because we sincerely believe we make a good product. Consumers who try us often come back to us and there's a very high repeat rate. So we're focusing on a new customer acquisition in a way that is sustained. And for that, I think point of sale is again very important, which we're dialing up now that the pandemic's settled. Digital awareness is very important on platform platforms, which again, we're dialing up. So today if you open a platform like Blinkit, you'll probably see communication from Barglies across various categories. So we're very, very clear about where we want to acquire our customers. And many of them can choose to buy the product online first, but they might go back to offline to purchase it. So that's what we're going with. How much is your ad expenditure today compared to what it was before pandemic? So today it's actually, I mean, without sharing absolute numbers, I would say because before the pandemic we'd hardly spent money on advertising in a consistent way. So today, I would say it's at least about five to six times more than what it was before the pandemic. That's also because we're looking at digital as a medium, far more strongly consistently. Whereas earlier, it was time to time awareness based campaign in which you'd spend in advertising and most of your budget would go below the line on trade and other activations. So it's actually dialed up fairly significantly. And I think our advertising expenditure would be about five to six times of what it was pre-pandemic in terms of what we were spending on a regular basis. And we're looking to spend a fairly consistent amount going forward as well. So I'm more excited about what we're going to do rather than what we've done so far as well as well as advertising. Because there's lots of innovations that we've come up with over recent years which we want to communicate for. Who do you see as your biggest competitor and do you feel that you are making a dent in their revenues? So overall, I'd say that our journey is unique. So firstly, we are not the organization which would say that XYZR are the competitors and we need to work on making a dent in their revenues. We are here to grow our revenues and more importantly, grow our customer base. And again, it's a business built out of passion. So we have a longer term vision to build one of India's most trusted health food brands. And in order to do that, our vision doesn't stop at breakfast cereals. We are a booty quotes in Newsy brand.  And going forward, we want to be a complete health foods play. So from that perspective, we are trying to craft our own unique journey because every product in our piece is highly differentiated on health and nutrition. So even say for example, something as simple as the conflicts we make is very innovative in comparison to what the average is in the market. So I think from that point of view, we are very uniquely positioned. But of course, we are operating in a category which is a breakfast cereal, which is dominated by a handful of multinational and large Indian companies. So we do have to operate in that ensure that we are taking our due measures to get the right category shared that we deserve. And I think we've been the largest homegrown brand in the space. So from that perspective, I'm sure that I don't know if you're making a dent in their revenues, but I'm sure that it's something that is taking notice. But our journey is still a long way to go. So we're just getting started in terms of what we want to achieve with the brand. And from that perspective, early responses on how we've started tracking category share, we started tracking growth has been very encouraging. And as we expand our portfolio as we've gone into more and more categories, I'm sure we are the only brand which has the pan India footprint, as well as a complete plain all breakfast cereal categories, which includes mostly in all categories that we find it, as well as kid's cereals and cornflakes, which are categories that we've created something different. And from that perspective, we have a complete bouquet of breakfast cereals. So very few brands have that. And more importantly, in an innovative manner, that not just me too. So from that point of view, we've been very, very clear that we want to grow in the category, we want to grow beyond the categories. And today we have a lot of products which are talking more about general health and wellness or specific health and wellness, which get us into avenues of healthy snacking, healthy super foods, which go way beyond breakfast and into almost a crossover between nutrition and food. So a lot of what we're doing now is very research driven, very opportunity driven and doesn't just stop at breakfast. Because we realize that consumers are having our products beyond breakfast as well. So there's acceptance for the brand. There's not a breakfast cereal brand. Consumers are viewing us as health first. And that's what our motor has been for 20 years. Our tagline has been let's put health first. So we've gone with it and tried to create a truly honest, health food brand. You spoke about various products in categories. What do you learn long term plans? So for a long term plan, like I mentioned, our vision is to build India's most trusted brand for health. So we want to take this brand. We started out with the boutique, the ports, and mostly we made it into a complete breakfast cereal brand. We're consolidating and there are lots of innovations that we planned in breakfast cereals to give examples. We recently launched NOLA, which is a very well accepted product, very high quality product with one flavor being benjandar, chocolate, almonds, and the other one being exotic fruits and nuts. There's a very high quantum fruits and nuts in it. In our core categories, such as mostly we were actually the innovators to bring out India's first protein-based muesli. So whey protein muesli. We're the first people to actually use whey protein with breakfast cereal, which globally very few brands had attempted till then. So that was an innovation that we did and we were quite proud of. One innovation we did in the conflict space, I think, has also been one of those global firsts where we identified that conflicts are not healthy. They are actually not good for you in terms of nutrition from a fiber and a glycemic index standpoint. They give you a blood sugar spike whenever you have conflicts. And in order to address that, we actually infused fiber into the flake in the form of prebiotic fibers, which reduce the GI of the conflict. And we actually managed to stabilize the flake without adding any artificial antioxidants. So most brands actually had BHA, which is INS320, which is an artificial antioxidant. We managed to stabilize it with natural antioxidants, yet give consumers a taste experience, which is almost identical to what their regular conflicts are and they're used to. So that's a category where we've taken significant share, at least in the organized medium. And we just, I would say, getting started there. So that's been exciting. We managed to create a kid range also, recently, where most of the kid's cereals today have had a combination of mehda and very high content of flavors and sugars. So completely natural kid's cereal with 0% mehda and made with three grains of oats, wheat, and rice. And nothing artificial at all. So a much better alternative. But for the child, the taste experiences is very sacrosanct. So we've not compromised in the taste, but we've significantly dialed up the health. So that was an innovation, again, that was very exciting. And obviously, from an extension of the health foods range, in the healthy snacking segment, we've not flavored nutanas, which has been very well received. We were one of the early brands to do it. And we've stuck to our vans, like we want to do a high quality flavored nutana because the market was proliferated with a bunch of players, but we want to keep our quality consistent. And we rolled out that storm of having so many players on the shelf. But that's been well accepted. Then we've gone into healthy superfoods in the form of organic quinoa, chia, a whole range of seeds such as sunflower flags, watermelon. We've also explored the nut butters category because it's an extension of breakfast into breakfast spreads. So we've got peanut butter, which is without any added sugar or artificial stabilizers and pure peanut butter of a very high grade of peanut. And we've actually, just before the pandemic, we've worked on a category called apple cider vinegar, which is a healthy tonic. So our first foray into the almost nutraceutical segment where it's something that you can consume when you wake up first thing in the morning. So there's a very strong connect to the branch from a health standpoint. And that was extremely well received because it has immunity boosting benefits. So as soon as the pandemic hit, we saw that apple cider vinegar wasn't just coming from online shelf, it started moving from rural shelves as well. And that's something that we work on very well. And we kept it in a glass bottle, which is the right way in our approach to store it. So lots of innovations and lots more in store actually that we're working on in categories where we are trying to do something different and innovate. So now we're eyeing larger categories where we can take a small niche share, but it has to be innovative. It doesn't need to be a me too in terms of what we do because our old grand pillars are just health, very high quality manufacturing, innovation in terms of doing something disrupted in the category and years of consumer trust, which puts us in a very different light than say a modern day startup or a large multinational for that matter. But the approach is to always do it clean, do it with the consumer's health first. When we develop a product, we don't think of whether it makes commercial sense, we think of whether it's the best product we can make and then we figure out we can make it commercially viable. So that approach is always in my view personally, the recipe to create better products. Thanks for talking with us, Aditya. Thank you very much. Thank you so much Kanchan. Thank you so much for coming here for the show and we look forward to interacting with you.


Hi friends, so I welcome you again to another session on lines and angles and we will continue with our concept lectures And in this lecture, we are going to understand how very important component of geometry vertically opposite angles Now if you remember when we were talking about straight lines so lines can have two straight lines have three options on a plane one is they can Be coincident on each other. So let's say this is one line and I have another line, which is let's say Coincident on this one. Okay, so another line on this one. So if you see Obviously, it will be very difficult to see two coincident lines But I have drawn through, you know one small arrow and if I change the color of this one so let me draw another one and Show you how? Yeah, so I'm just drawing right. So these are coincident lines two lines are coincident Other possibilities were two lines are parallel. So this is one line and another line is this one They are parallel and the third possibility is they intersect on the same plane, isn't it? So hence this is intersection To intersecting lines. So vertically opposite angles are generated when two lines intersect, okay So if you see here, let's say this is a and b and c and d which I have already shown here as well So there are two lines a b and c d. They are intersecting at point o Okay. Now angle a o c and angle b o d b o d form a pair of vertically opposite Angles Okay, similarly, so it's not that only one pair exists. There are one. There is one more pair. So every Whenever two lines intersect, there will be two pairs. One is I just show you another one if you see b o c and Angle a o d again, this is another pair, right? So there are two pairs of vertically opposite angles here So now you understood so whenever two lines intersect at point o or Whatever is the name of the point. So these are the pair of vertically opposite angle and the second pair is this one Okay, so please remember and please understand this concept because now what we are going to prove is That the vertically opposite angles are always equal. So what is our thing? Okay, so the theorem is vertically opposite angles are always equal. So we have to prove that so we have drawn here to intersecting Vertically opposite Sorry to intersecting lines. So this is a b and cd now. Let us say they are intersecting at point o We have to prove that let's say a o D this is x and let's say this is y So you have to we have to prove that x equals to y to prove to prove x equals to y and similarly if this is U and this is v So you is also equal to v So we will prove one And the other will automatically follow Okay, or you can repeat the same process to prove the other pair. So how to prove x plus y now Cd is a straight line Is a straight line Right and oa happens to be a ray on cd. So hence can I not say x plus u is 180 degrees Why again The reason is linear pair. We studied this in the previous sessions linear pair So a cd being the straight line oa being a ray over it So hence the they are adjacent Angles with opposite arms non common arms in the opposite direction. So hence it will be linear pair. So x plus u is 180 degrees similarly Similarly, if you see u plus y is also 180 degrees Okay, same reason what linear pair because ab is the straight line now. So from this one And from this two what can I say? From one and two I can equate both of them from one and two I can say since both are equal to 180 degrees. I can say x plus u Is equal to u plus y and now I can cancel this u both sides. So what do I get? I get x is equal to y. That's what we have to prove With the similar logic, you can prove that u is also equal to v Okay, so what is the conclusion conclusion is pair of vertically opposite angles are always equal Okay, so hence if you have like that two lines intersecting this line this angle will be equal to this angle And this angle will be equal to this angle Is that clear? So that's what Is the information about vertically opposite angles


Item Number – SCP-247 Object Class – Euclid Special Containment Procedures – SCP-247 is kept in an enclosure of at least 20 x 40 meters, furnished based on the plans provided by the WTF Zoo, and lined with SCP-148 offset from the rest of site by at least 50 meters in order to mitigate its psychic effect. As per current containment procedures for SCP-148, its use in the containment of other SCPs is to be avoided if at all possible. 05. SCP-247 is to be fed 18 kilograms of fresh meat on a tri-weekly basis. Feeding occurs in a separate enclosure. Cleaning staff should enter the enclosure only during designated feeding times. No other access to the enclosure is allowed. The footage resulting from any violation of this order is to be archived for use in training the cleaning and monitoring staff of SCP-247. In case of a containment breach, the entire wing must be evacuated and all live footage of the incident heavily censored. The area SCP-247 occupies will be sealed off and gassed, followed by the return of SCP-247 to containment. If for any reason this should become impossible, a retrieval team will be sent in armed with heavy tranquilizer rifles. Retrieval team agents must be specially selected for high reflexes, excellent marksmanship, unquestioning obedience, and low empathy scores. 05. Description. SCP-247 is a Bengal tiger, Panthera Tigris Tigris, adult female, which to all observers appears to be a harmless cat, Felis Catus, a juvenile female, with an orange and black striped coat resembling that of a tiger. Remote feeds and still photos also show this illusion, although it is unknown whether the photo itself is affected, or merely the observer. SCP-247's true nature has been confirmed by analysis of weight, water displacement, and dental molds made from bite marks. It is unknown exactly how SCP-247 generates this illusion. There are two components to the illusion. First, a memetic effect that changes the perceived image of SCP-247 to that of a kitten, and second, a psychic component which radiates outward from the subject, diminishing according to the inverse square law, and reaching half-strength at 8 meters. Any sentient being within this field comes under the impression that SCP-247 is completely harmless, regardless of prior knowledge or experience. Individuals in this field also show extreme reluctance to harm or allow others to harm SCP-247, even while being actively harmed by the subject. This psychic field can be blocked with SCP-148, or avoided by striking from while outside its effective range. The memetic effect is not blocked by SCP-148. As of yet, no one has been able to see SCP-247 as anything but a small striped cat. Typically, SCP-247 will begin to purr or mew when approached by a human. The human will remark that this is adorable, an approach to pet the subject. This has been observed even in persons who strongly dislike cats. SCP-247 has been known to accept affection from its victims for upwards of 7 minutes before disemboweling and devouring them. Genetic analysis shows slight deviation from a typical Bengal Tiger's genotype, indicating possible contamination data expunged. All further breeding experiments require 05 level approval. The resulting hybrids have been designated SCP-247-1. Addendum 247-A, a series of tests in exposing SCP-247 and the control subjects to various non-human animals. Control testing took place in an exact replica of SCP-247's enclosure. Control-A is a yellow kitten, matching SCP-247's apparent size and age. Control-B is a fully grown Bengal Tiger, matching SCP-247's actual weight. Control-Log 247-A-1, date, 2010. Test subject, a mixed breed dog, mostly terrier, a known cat chaser. Control-Test-A, subject immediately began barking and ran at the control, which retreated up a nearby tree. Control-Test-B, subject cowered in the corner as far from the control as possible. Control-Test-A took no notice of subject. Results. Subject ran toward SCP-247, barking loudly. At approximately 5 meters away, subject slowed to a halt and became silent. At this point, SCP-247 rolled over and made a mewing sound believed to be a sign of annoyance. The subject retreated to a far corner of the enclosure, with its tail between its legs. Notes. That was extremely odd. Further testing recommended. Researcher S. Approved, 05- experiment-log, 247-A-02-I-I-I, date, 2010. Test subject, a male tabby kitten with the same apparent age as SCP-247. Control-Test-A, subject played with the control in the manner expected of kittens. Control-Test-B, subject climbed a tree and attempted to hide itself from the control, displaying visible signs of terror. Results. Test 1. Subject approached SCP-247 and mewed. SCP-247 responded in kind and played with the tabby kitten. The resulting footage is extremely odd. At one point, SCP-247 lifts the subject, which appears to be the same size as SCP-247, with a single forepaw. While at another point, SCP-247 lifts the subject with its mouth, clearly showing that its mouth is much larger than it appears to be. The leading researcher characterized this as adorable, but remarked that it gave him a headache. Due to a faulty recorder, this test had to be repeated. Results. Test 2. Subject approached SCP-247 as above. SCP-247 made a deep purring sound, analogous to a growl. Subject reacted as in Control-Test-B. Notes. This seems to indicate 247 has some degree of conscious control over its apparent appearance. Researcher S. Experiment Log, 247A-3 Date, 2010. Test Subject. An adult male deer, a normal prey animal for a Bengal tiger. Control-B and SCP-247 were not fed for three days prior to this experiment. Control-Test-A. Subject grazed. Control fell asleep two minutes into the experiment. Control-Test-B. Control attacked, killed, and devoured Subject, which behaved normally for a deer trapped in an enclosed space with a large predator. Results. Subject began grazing as in Control-Test-A. SCP-247 approached it calmly and killed it with a single bite to the neck, then proceeded to devour the subject. Test was repeated without SCP-247 being forced to fast. SCP-247 completely ignored the subject for over a day, before apparently becoming hungry and killing it, again with a single bite to the neck. Notes. SCP-247 seems to prefer humans, both as food and for entertainment. Other prey animals presented to SCP-247 were all killed in a single strike, while humans are invariably allowed to pet the SCP for some time before being killed, and are sometimes mauled and played with the way a cat will play with a mouse. Furthermore, the SCP has killed every human it has had the opportunity to kill, regardless of hunger. Researcher S. Experiment log 247-A-8. Date. 2010. Test Subject. An adult female chimpanzee. Control-Test-A. Subject and control ignored one another. Control-Test-B. Subject retreated to a tree, showing some signs of unease. Control displayed some curiosity towards the subject, but did not attack. Results. Subject approached SCP-247, made noises identified as signs of affection, and began to groom SCP-247. SCP-247 allowed the subject to groom it for over an hour, then messily killed and devoured it. Notes. This seems to be its typical reaction to unfamiliar prey animals. It seems to prefer to prey on apes with advanced social behavior. Experiments with gorillas and other social apes have shown similar results. Essentially, SCP-247 is a large predator that has somehow adapted to take advantage of the largest available food source. Humans. We should investigate all future reports of man-eating tigers, in case there are more of these things. Researcher-S. Experiment log. 247-A-12. Date. 2010. Test Subject. An adult female grizzly bear. Control-Test-A. Control fled up a tree in terror. Subject ignored it. Control-Test-B. Subject and control acted nervously, and gave one another as large a birth as possible. Results. Initially, Subject and SCP-247 ignored one another. At one point, Subject came very close to SCP-247, resulting in SCP-247 giving a warning growl. Subject responded with hostility. Subject aborted, due to possible harm to SCP-247. Subject tranquilized by Foundation personnel, and subsequently killed by SCP-247. Notes. Future tests involving animals potentially capable of killing or injuring a Bengal tiger are cancelled. Researcher-S. Experiment log. 247-A-13. Date. 2010. Test Subject. An adult female Bengal tiger. Control-Test-A. Control fled up a tree in terror. Subject ignored it. Control-Test-B. Subject and control greeted one another, established the order of social dominance, then both fell asleep. Results. Identical to Control-Test-B. Notes. Interestingly, SCP-247 was the beta animal in this interaction. Researcher-S. Experiment log. 247-A-14. Date. 2010. Test Subject. An adult male Bengal tiger. Control-Test-A. Control fled up a tree in terror. Subject ignored it. Control-Test-B. Omitted. Record of normal Bengal tiger mating behavior substituted. Results. As expected based on Control-B. Data-Expunged. Notes. Researcher-S has been removed from this project for lax security in his experiments, although, in light of his injuries, further disciplinary measures have been deemed unnecessary. Data-Expunged, which seems to have benefited from a form of hybrid vigor, has been designated SCP-247-1. Considering that SCP-247 is likely to have bred naturally in the wild, Mobile Task Force Iota V, Tiger-Bait, has been formed and assigned to hunt down and contain or destroy all incidences of the hybrid SCP-247-1. 05. Lesson complete. If you missed the previous orientation, go watch SCP-246, Prophetic Projector, right now. Or for the complete course, watch this playlist.