So, hello, my name is Guillaume Vier, I'm a software engineer at Chubby Data, and today we'll be talking about testing and more specifically how to build a local test fixture. So, just to go through the agenda, I'll start with some background, how this project started, what were the motivations, why we tried to do this. The architecture, we chose how we designed our test fixture, and then we look at the lessons learned and our conclusions. So, Chubby Data, it's a Belgian company founded in 2003, we're located in Brussels, and we specialize in telematics and mobile logistics solutions. And as part of this, we build our own tracking device, so it's a battery-powered tracking device, and here you've got a picture of the latest generation, so it's two PCBs stacked on top of each other, you've got four mounting holes, a few microcontrollers, sensors, GPS, and a modem, and you've got a connector for the battery and another connector that sits for the debugging port. So last year we finished that design, and the next step is when you've built a few prototypes and you're happy with the design, you have to go large scale and you have to go to manufacturing. So we work with the next company for that, we give them the manufacturing files, and they've got the entire assembly line, so they make the PCB, they solder the components, they run some optical inspection to check the solder joints, the placement of the components, and the last thing they need is a tool from us that can tell them whether a board is good, is valid, and they can deliver it to us, or it's broken and it has to go to the bin because it's beyond repair, or if there are some repairs that can be done. So the way it works is it's fixture where you put the board you want to test, and you load a firmware that's going to run a self-test, try to communicate with all the components, and give you a reason. So the very first test is the board booting, is there any short, and then we have a report for all of the components. And the last step is to program the production firmware. So we've got two microcontrollers, we need to program them before they go to the customer. We also need to write some identification on the board, on some eProm, so that's the final step of that process. Our board, it's quite small, it's six centimeters by three centimeters roughly. It's very densely crowded, which means that your test points are really small. There are 0.6 millimeter in diameter, and the minimum spacing is 1.27 millimeter. So traditionally you would choose a fixture like the one you see on the left-hand side. It's very sturdy, it's built for 100,000 of cycles, so you've got white pegs where you can locate your PCBs you want to test. So on the bottom plate, under the bottom plate you've got probes, test probes with a spring, and you've got the lid, and when you close the lid, those probes will come up through the plate and make contact with the board. So on that picture, what's great is you can test multiple devices at the same time. On that case, you can do three at the same time. The only thing is it's quite expensive to build, and if you've got more... If your target, you know your volume is a bit more modest, it's quite an investment. So we decided to start a project to look into how we could build something that does the same thing, but that is cheaper and that relies mostly on the chef components. So we've got three components to the system. So you've got the device and the test, and you need to interface with that device. So for this, we use the bed of naves. It's going to have the test probes, there's going to be a breakout connector where the test controller can connect and talk to the board, load some codes, measure some voltage, power it, power cycle if you need. And the last component, it's the flasher. So it's the component that's going to write, program your microcontrollers with the production firmware. So if you look on the internet, you will find lots of tutorials or other people with projects on bed of naves using poker pins, or you can see projects where they 3D printed a fixture. They are really good, but they all use probes that need a minimum spacing of 2.54 mm, which is twice bigger than what we've got, and we can't really reproduce that. So we settled with designing a custom PCB that will hold those test probes in place and help to locate the device over the probes. For the test controller, you could use a microcontroller. We decided for Raspberry Pi Zero because it's a very nice board to use. It's very easy to program. A microcontroller, you need someone with experience to write firmware, use the peripherals, it takes more time to develop. So we found it's easier to develop your codes on Raspberry Pi Zero and quicker. And for the flasher, we settled on OpenNoseCd, so it's a library that helps you debug or flash any type of microcontroller. So now let's dig into the details, the bed of naves. So as I mentioned before, it's a custom PCB we designed. So we use four screws that will help locate the device we want to test. In the first slide I showed you, if you remember, there are four mounting holes. So they will slot into the screws. And the probes will be able to make contact with the test points. So before that, I'm a software engineer. I had no experience with designing PCBs before this. So it was a great opportunity to learn. And I decided to learn using KeyCAD. So there are three steps to making PCB. The first one, before this, is to decide what test points you want to use. We've got dozens on the board. We don't need all of them for the test at the end of the production. So you have to select the few you need. You start with the schematics. So on the right-hand side, these are the test points we want to connect to on the device. And on the left-hand side, we just route them to a bigger connector that will be easier to connect to the Raspberry Pi Zero. The second step is to associate footprint to each of the components you want to use on your PCB. So for the connector, it's quite easy. There are standard footprints. We chose a standard male header with 2.54 mm spacing. The problem comes for the probes. You have to define your own footprint. And there are quite a few constraints to expect. The first one is, depending on the manufacturer, you choose to build your PCB. They've got different requirements, different classes of builds with the price that varies. So we try to stick to their standard class, and they define the pad-to-pad spacing and the minimum annular ring size that you need to respect. The next two constraints, they are imposed by the device you want to test. So in our case, we saw that the spacing was 1.27 mm. And the probe we chose, they have a diameter of 0.65 mm. So taking into account all those constraints, we came up with the dimensions of the pad. So it's 1.1 mm by 2 mm and 0.75 mm for the probe. Then the final step is to place those components on the PCB you're going to produce. So we decided on the silkscreen to draw the edge of the device in the test so that the operator cannot be confused on the position to put it in. Then the very important point is to get the test points coordinates right. You have to be sure that the coordinates are the same when you take them on the PCB you test and on the one you're going to design. And for this, there is a very nice feature in KeyCAD. You can set the origin points for the grids anywhere you want. And then for each component, you can place it relative to this origin. So this is what the layout looks like. So at the top, we've got two headers. This will have wires connected to the test controller. We placed all the footprints for the probes and we've got the four mounting holes. We made the PCB slightly larger than the size of the device in the test purely for practical reason. It's easier to drop your PCB and remove it without pulling everything together. So here's a picture of everything assembled. The four screws for positioning, the probes are soldered on the top PCB. And a nice thing to take into account in your design is the center of gravity of the board you're going to test. In our case, the probes are mostly located on one side, so it was tilted when you dropped it in place, so we added a little bit of foam. So the same assembly from the side. The bottom PCB helps with the alignment and keeping the probes vertical. And the probes, as I mentioned before, they are soldered only on the top layer where the connector is also soldered. So the next item is the test controller. We picked a Raspberry Pi Zero board. We run Tiny Core on it. It's a minimal litmus system. It runs entirely from RAM. So it's loaded that boot from the flash card and nothing gets written into it unless you manually run commands too. So it's quite good if you power cycle it. It's going to start in a good frame where your setup is going. And we wrote all the test scripts in Python. And the Raspberry Pi communicates with the board and the test using the UART. Now I mentioned before we want to measure some voltages. And one drawback of using the Pi Zero is that you get no analog inputs. So we added an advertisement on top. It's called the Automation P-HAT. It's built by Piermoroni. And the good thing is they have a relay that we can use to power and power off the board that we test. And they've got three ADCs that we use to measure the voltages on the board. And the great thing is this addon comes with a Python library. So you open running in a few minutes. It's very well documented. It's very easy to use. It's very good. Now for the last part, the flasher, I mentioned we're going to use OpenOCD. So we've got two microcontrollers on the board that we need to flash. We compiled OpenOCD to run on Tynical. And we need to add the GPIO BitBank support so you can use the SWDE feature. So it's just I added the command to build the library. It's running on Pi Zero and we defined a script for each of the microcontrollers. So OpenOCD has a lot of scripts configured for each controller. The only thing you need to add are the pins you're going to use on the Pi header. You need to set them up properly for the SWDE clock and the IO. And then you're good to go. So the conclusions of this project is the cost comparison, purely looking at hardware, not the effort to develop the software. Initially, we asked a few codes to build a standard test fixture from other companies that specialize in this and we got numbers ranging from three to six K. They had two additional parts. They're roughly in a few hundred euro. Now if you look at the price of all the components we used, all together it's less than 100 euros. And the conclusions are, so we managed to build something that's cheap and robust. We've tested hundreds of boards without any mechanical problems. The contacts are made properly with the dude between the props and the test points. It works quite well. It's easy to build and to replicate. If the manufacturer needs to speed up the testing, it's quite easy to build a new setup and give it to him. Now one limitation is it's well suited to our needs and our volume. If you're trying to do fancy things like using RF props, it's going to be difficult. Whereas the standard test fixture, they've got props for anything you need. You can do vacuum testing, you can do pretty much anything. You can have props from the two sides, from the bottom, from the top. So the conclusion is it's good for our needs. It might interest other people. So we thought it was a nice idea to share how we made it. And to conclude, here's a picture of the full assembly. So on the left-hand side we've got the bed of nails. We added a clamp on the side to maintain the dudes and have enough pressure on the test props. In the middle we've got the Pi Zero, the test controller and the P-hat. They're all wired up to the bed of nails. And on the right-hand side we've got a Raspberry Pi where we connect the Pi Zero into it. And so basically the manufacturer just needs to plug a keyboard and a screen in the Raspberry Pi and it's good to go. So we can test all the boards. And so that's pretty much it. If you've got any questions. Why did you choose to make a hat directly for the Pi rather than a separate board from using... I mean you could have put everything on the board plugged on the Pi. So we wonder about this initially. One reason is that was my first PCB so I tried to keep it simple. Second reason is we wanted to do ourselves as little as possible. And we found very quickly a hat that does everything we need so why do we do it again? Almost everything, not the probing itself. No, the probing was really the only thing we had to do ourselves. And have you estimated in the cost, comparison of cost, the amount of time you spent on the design? So for the... I mean you worked on the design and set up the thing so it should be when you compare the cost for the two solutions. There is a missing line. I agree. What's accounted is purely the cost of parts. The effort involved was not counted. But the effort to make the PCB, to design the PCB, it was three to four days. Hi, thank you for your talk. Did it help you to detect a lot of bad things in your PCB? Yes, actually it does. So on the first batch of production there were components that the optical inspection thought were well placed. But then when we run them through the test, the test was failing. And we could see, even when you are, you could see that the component was slightly skewed and you could see the solder parts underneath. So it helped us to go back to the manufacturer and say, look, can we improve the placement of the components? And they reprogrammed the optical inspection. And so we improved the yield batch over batch using that setup. Thank you. Hello, I have a question about does this fixture save the test results somehow so you can check the yield or how good is the production if it's implemented in production. And if it's not, do you think it's possible to do that? So you're asking if the manufacturer can do this without the fixture? If, imagine that you have this fixture in a production and then you have to check how good are the unit under test that you are checking. So you have to somehow save the measurement or test results if it's possible to do that. To get like matrix test results for both? For example, the voltage measurements on the ADC is not going to be the same in any unit under test. It's going to be a tolerance.  So we don't save the results now. There's a range. We account for the accuracy of the ADC. So basically one thing is on the board, we've got different voltage rates and there's one DC-DC that you can set the voltage by soldering a resistor or not. So we mainly check that we've got the right voltage that we soldered the resistor in the right place. Thank you. Thanks for the talk. You said this is a more interesting solution for modest volumes. Yes. What kind of volumes should we think about? It's roughly, I'd say under 10,000 volts a year. Okay, and above it would be worth investing maybe in the more expensive solution. Yes, for one reason is that with the expensive solution you can test multiple volts at the same time. Right. So you save on this time and on the test cost. Thanks. I had a question. Do you know the wearing of the tester? You know how the frequency, you have to change the Pogo pins if they are broken or if they don't make contact correctly. How many volts can you test without replacing the tester board? So according to the datasheet, they are rated for I think 100,000 cycles. And so far we've tested over a thousand volts with one setup without needing to replace any of them. Okay, I think that's all we have time for now. No, sorry, we need to move on. But thank you very much for that super interesting talk. So yeah, round of applause please for the presenter.


A great scientist Isaac Newton once said, if I've seen further, it's because I've stood on the shoulder of giants. By the time you leave office, you've graced, you will have done for America the greatest thing that a president could do. You will have left this country better than you found it. And today, America can see further because of your vision. And now it's time to extend that vision into the next century, and it's time to accept the challenge that you've left for us and made possible to build a better America. And we accept that challenge, and we look forward to writing the next chapter in America's freedom story because America's mission is greatness, and I do not intend to fail. Thank you, Nancy. Thank you, Mr. President.  Well, ladies and gentlemen, the reason the vice president and I are meeting this way is a recent decision by the fire marshal in New Orleans. He said that New Orleans is now so crowded, he's not letting in a new Republican unless one leaves. But I just tried to make a deal with George that I tell him where to find the best blackened redfish if he'd tell me who's going to be vice president. But seriously, and no more of that, George, a great deal rides on this campaign. And on you are America's hopes for continued peace and prosperity. And Nancy and I want you and Barbara to know that you have all our support, all the way, and all our love, and good luck, and God bless you both. Yes, sir. Have a good safe trip. Jeb, he's such a big one. I'm on the yellow shirt saying a pledge of allegiance to him. Oh, really? Come here, Jeb. We've got him out there. You're ready to roll. He's a tense kid from Florida. And I'm not sure that he knows. He knows. Why don't you take it to the truck just head there? Jet's saying, why don't you do this? OK, so we're going to make it filled up on both cameras? No, just you and those two. Did they give you guys tape? No, we don't. They rolled back. Right, I know. All right. I'll give Mike these sticks to you. And I'll have them through. Right, you're going to have everything to grind. Everything you've got here, you've got it. All right, I've got a good one. What can you do? Bye.


The Anchorhawking Glass Corporation brings you crime photographer. And Casey, I'm a great man. What have you done now, Ethelbert? I'm the only man on the block who never saw a flying saucer. Well, that won't put you on history's pages. You mean I won't be famous? No, Ethelbert, you've got to do something. You've got to be outstanding to be famous. Sure, like Anchorhawking, the most famous name in glass. The Anchorhawking Glass Corporation of Lancaster, Ohio, and its more than 10,000 employees, bring you another adventure of Casey crime photographer, ace cameraman who covers the crime news of a great city. Written by Alonso Dean Cole. Our adventure for tonight. Flynn saunters toward the bar. He's about 35, well-dressed and rather good-looking. But there's nothing distinctive about him. As he waits for one of the bartenders to serve him, he comes an old tune. What would it be, sir? Martini, please. Extra dry? Yes, sir. See, haven't I served you before, sir? No, I just checked into the hotel an hour ago. This is my first visit to the bar. I don't mean here. Someplace else. Maybe LA. I worked there last year. I've never been to Los Angeles. Denver, Frisco then? No, I'm sure we've never met before. I've spent the last 10 years in Europe. I've never been across the water yet. I guess you just remind me of somebody. Yes, I imagine that's it. Yeah, see how this Martini strikes you. Oh, it's exactly right. That's how I try to make everything. Call me when you want another. My name's Frank. Frank? Yeah? I shat one another for a while, so I'll pay you now. You are? Keep the change. Hey, thanks. All right. Oh, by the way, that fine-looking woman at the corner table over there, do you know her? The brunette with the big diamond rings? Yeah, I know her. Her face is very familiar. I was just wondering if... You've probably seen her picture in the papers. There was a big story about a couple of weeks ago when she got a Reno divorce from her husband, plus a million-dollar settlement. She's Madeleine Chalmers. Oh, yes, yes, of course. I has to wait on her back at Toledo where she comes from. I worked there two years ago. She had another wealthy lady named Utley. Used to say I was the only bartender they'd ever met who could make a plant as punch exactly right. This Mrs. Utley, she's her close friend of Mrs. Chalmers? Miss Utley. She was one of them bachelor girls then. Or since she's married a banker named Fisher. Yeah, she and Mrs. Chalmers were pals. Well, I'm acquainted with a banker named Fisher. I believe he married Utley. But see now, his first name is... Now, this one's first name is Douglas. He the one you know? Well, his wife's first name is... Irene. Irene Utley. Uh-huh, they're the people. I'm told they took a trip to Europe last year where you were. I guess you met him over there. Yes, London or Paris, I think. Uh, Mr. and Mrs. Fisher aren't here by any chance. Oh, no, no, Mrs. Chalmers tells me they're up main this summer. Bar Harbor. Well, since Mrs. Chalmers is alone, I shouldn't be intruding if I introduce myself. I suppose, and quite about my friends, the, uh, Fishers. Oh, I don't think so. I'll see you later, Frank. Yeah, thanks again, Mr. Uh, thank you. How do you do, Mrs. Chalmers? I beg your pardon? I can see you've forgotten me. Irene Utley introduced us several years ago in, uh, Toledo, I think it was, uh, before she married Doug Fisher. Oh, you're a friend of Irene's and Doug's? Well, I spent a day with them only a week ago. Bar Harbor. How are they? Irene hasn't written to me in ages. They were fine, enjoying themselves. May I sit down and order us, uh... I seem to remember you had a preference for plantas punch. Do sit down. Thank you very much. I'm terribly embarrassed. You remember even my favorite drink, and I can't recall...  My name is Grammerton, Cecil Grammerton. Cecil Grammerton. You, uh, plan to stay here for some time, Mrs. Chalmers? At least several weeks. Well, I'm gonna remain about the same period, and, uh, if you'll commit our acquaintance to ripen, I'll try hard not to be forgotten again. More so than usual. You like this girl? No, it isn't gown or the perfection of your hair or those magnificent diamonds you're wearing. Not simply you. Cecil, you always say the right thing. I'm afraid you're what my dad used to call a lady killer. Lady killer? Or a wolf. Oh, well, how do I look like a wolf for a lady killer? No, which makes you doubly dangerous. A week ago, when you came to my table in that cocktail lounge, I thought what a mild, negative, innocuous man you were. And now? Now I'm in my suite alone with you. I sent my maid away tonight as you requested. Which proves?  Hand me a cigarette, will you? Of course. Here you are. Thanks. Light? Mm-hmm. You, uh, only like me, Madeline?  And I almost believed you. Didn't believe me? A rich divorcee should be careful, especially when she knows a man no better than I know you. You'll get better acquainted with me tonight. You sure are really alone here? Of course, dear.  I'll hold you close, as I tell you. You suspect I'm a fortune hunter who wants to marry you for your money? That's a possibility. But I'm comfortable in your arms. It's an impossibility. I wouldn't marry you for any amount of money. You wouldn't marry me?  Cecil, take over my throat. Take your hands away. I'll tell you what I am, Madeline. Cecil. I'm really a lady killer. Really a lady killer. Such nice diamonds you had, Mrs. Jarmers. You won't need them anymore. More paper napkins under the bar. Paper reminds me, Casey. Did you see the newspapers this morning? Certainly not. I only work on a paper. I don't read them. There's a deep suspicion, Ethelbert, that no press photographer knows how to read. I've heard that, Miss Williams. It's all so suspected, Annie, that few reporters know how to write. Oh, yeah? Well, anyway, your Morning Express had articles saying that fella who's believed to have strangled Mrs. Madeline Chalmers in Colorado last month, you know, is thought to be hiding in this town. Is that true? No, it's baloney.  Oh, wait a minute, Annie. Don't be skeptical. The police have pretty definitely tied him up with a murder of seven other wealthy widows. Well, it's not known for sure that Cecil Grammerton has killed and robbed other women. That's just some more newspaper buildup, huh? Not in my book or in the cops. Listen, during the last five years, seven other rich women have been strangled and they're valuable stolen under nearly exactly the same circumstances. Casey, people in that Colorado hotel who saw Grammerton every day don't give a description of him that agrees with the men suspected of the other crimes. Well, they don't agree with each other in the descriptions of Grammerton. He seems to be one of those negative-looking guys nobody ever remembers. The bartender out there remembered him according to what I read. All he remembers about him is that he was always humming sentimental songs. That isn't very much to go on. Whenever there's a sensational crime, a witness usually turns up who tries to get into the spotlight by telling a lot more than he really knows. Hey, come on, we've got to get out of here, Annie. Oh, yeah, we'll do at the Fenimore Plaza in 10 minutes. Right. What are you going to do at that swanky hotel? Oh, one of those lousy assignments. The Express has an exclusive tip that the Clara Simmons has broken her engagement to the Charlie Fawcett. And we're getting a confirmation or denial from her before we pass the news to our palpitating public. Clara Simmons is the oil Harris? Yeah, worth about 20 million. What I've heard though, she's kind of a wet smack. She doesn't smoke, she doesn't drink, she doesn't approve a modern bathing suit. She's a very nice girl, Casey. Just a little bit old fashioned. I've met her. I haven't met an old fashioned girl for years. They're old fashioned now. Yeah, come on, Annie. See you later this evening, pal. So long, Ethel Burge. So long, Walter. So long, Casey. Walter, where are those napkins? The report you heard is altogether correct, Miss Williams. Mr. Fawcett and I have broken our engagement. Care to give me the reason, Miss Simmons? I can only say that he and I agreed upon the termination and that we shall remain the best of friends. Now, if you'll excuse me, I'm expecting guests. May I take a picture of you before we go, Miss Simmons? I'd rather you wouldn't, Mr. Casey. Oh, well, we can run one of your old ones that we have in our files, but you look so nice this evening, I'd rather. You know that no woman can withstand that kind of flattery. Take your picture. Thanks. Will you stand over there by the piano, please? Surely. Casey wasn't guilty of flattery, Miss Simmons. That gown is charming. Thank you. Do you like the style? Uh-huh, very much. I haven't seen anything like it. It must be the latest. It was 20 years ago. My mother wore it then. Your mother? She wore it to a ball only a week before she died. I was just a child then, but I've never forgotten how pretty she looked. I kept in. I had it made over to wear tonight. Some big event must be scheduled for tonight, eh? It is, Mr. Casey. Will you take your picture now and then excuse me? Oh, sure, sure. Oh, oh, I'm afraid I'll have to answer that. I've given my servants the evening off. Evening, Clara. Come in, Evans. Where's your mother? Well, she phoned that she'll be delayed. She'll join us here in a little while. Oh. Oh, eh, you have guests. This lady and gentleman are from the morning express. They're leaving right away. Miss Williams, Mr. Casey, this is Mr. Pentecost. How do you do, Mr. Pentecost? Pleasure. Sit down, Evans. Mr. Casey is going to take a picture of me. Very well. Or will you stand by the piano again, Miss Simmons? Well, yes, of course. Like this? Yes, yes, that's well. Now, got it. Thank you. You're welcome. Now I hope you won't think me rude if I ask. Oh, now, you've been very kind. Thank you very much. Good night, Miss Simmons, Mr. Pentecost. Evans, Pentecost. Good night. Good night. Oh, and thanks again. Are you back? Not at all. Why were those newspaper people here, Clara? To ask me about my engagement to Charles, I told them I'd broken in. Oh, uh, to tell them why? I didn't say a word about you.  I sent the servants away as you requested, so the three of us could be completely alone. But since your mother's been delayed, I think you should. You're worried about us being alone? Why, naturally. You're very different from other women I've known. We'll go down to the mezzanine and wait for your mother. Why, you're lovely in that gown, Clara. Don't try to change the subject, Evans. My mother once had a gown like that. Be a good boy now. Let's go down to the mezzanine. We must be alone or you wouldn't be so insistent. Why, of course, we're alone. Alone? Evans? Why do you look at me like that? We're alone. Evans, you frightened me. Don't come any closer. Listen for the tinkle of ice cubes on frosty crystal. Cool summer drinks are doubly inviting when served in the amazing new Sunburst Crystal. Now, this truly fine crystal has the radiance of a diamond. Its brilliance is like rare old hand-cut crystal. And now, thanks to a revolutionary new anchor-hawking manufacturing discovery, you can enjoy this magnificent crystal at unbelievably low prices. Imagine a Sunburst Crystal glass for fruit juice priced at only $0.05. Imagine 10-ounce table tumblers, two for $0.15. Big oversized glasses for ice drinks, only $0.10 each. And a beautiful matching two-quart pitcher for only $0.50. That's what you'll find tomorrow and Saturday in the windows and on the counters of the retail stores of America. Prices slightly higher in distant cities. Don't put it off. Enjoy Sunburst Crystal this weekend. Sunburst Crystal is a product of anchor-hawking. The most famous name in glass. Outside this door, sir. You've put my baggage in it? Yes, sir. Everything's all set. Here's for your trouble. Thanks very much. I hope you'll be our guest at the Fenimore Plaza again and very soon, sir. I don't think I shall be. Union terminal driver? Goodbye, Mr. Pentecost. Bellboy! Bellboy! Yes, sir? The guy who just got into that cab. Where was he going from here? It's against Fenimore Plaza rules to give out information concerning our guests, sir. Knots with rules? That guy's a murderer. Oh, what? I was bartender in the Colorado Hotel where he killed Mrs. Chalmers. That guy's Cecil Grammerton. Grammerton? The lady killer. Get the cops after him quick. Then find out what name he strangled here. Grammerton got away, Captain Logan. Yeah, he did, Miss Williams. My man located the cab that took him from this hotel, but he'd gotten out of it with his baggage only a few blocks from here. He didn't go to Union terminal where he told the driver to take him. Now, where he is now is anybody's guess, Casey. You said he didn't hurt Miss Simmons, Logan. That's right. She was hysterical when they found her, but otherwise, she was OK.  He didn't even lay a hand on her, Miss Williams. What? Things screw either way, she tells it. She says she suddenly got terribly afraid of the guy. He started to reach for her, and there was an insane look on his purse. Then all of a sudden, he drops his hands, mumbles an apology, and walks out. Hmm. Of course, you've searched the rooms that Grammerton occupied. Sure. Well, did you find anything that might lead to it? Nothing. It looks very hot, just an old photograph. A photograph? Yeah, of a woman. I'd say it was taken 20, 25 years ago. It was in a nice leather frame, and obviously, slipped out of one of the guy's suitcases. Can we see it? Yes, but there's to be no mention of it in your paper. I'm not tipping Grammerton that we have the thing. That's off the record, Logan. Yeah, of course. OK. Here it is. He's a sweet-looking old lady. Too sweet. He's a prim and prissy type. Hey, look, the name of the photographer who took this picture is here at the bottom, Logan. Perkins. The name of the town. Yeah, Perkins of Fairview. Fairview, that's only about 100 miles from here. I'm taking a trip up there tomorrow. All right. I'll go with you. OK, but you may be wasting your time. It's my job to go.  And I've got another hunch. A hunch that no newspaper guy should get. Yeah, what's that?  Kill the story? Yes, Annie, every bit of it. Oh, it's big news, Casey, front page. It doesn't matter. Put that bartender under wraps, Logan. Tell the hotel people and Miss Simmons to clam up about what they know and give all the papers a hush-hush order. Since this is the first time I ever got that kind of advice from a news outlet, I'll take it. Oh, you should be thrown to the squirrels for this, Casey. Oh, no, Annie. The big story will be Grammetton's arrest. And we'll play for an exclusive on that. Logan, how soon can we leave for Fairview? Well, yes, Captain Logan. I took this picture of the lady 20 years ago, I'd say. It was shortly before her death. Oh, she's dead, Mr. Birkins. Yes, she died of pneumonia. Well, who was she? Mrs. A's a Bristo, a very fine woman. I was her neighbor for many years, and we attended the same church. Did she have any children? Well, she had an only son, Elmer, an extremely well-behaved boy. They were inseparable, and her death was a great blow to him. He was only about 15 at the time. Oh, you know what happened to this Elmer? No, no. Relatives took him out west to live, and I've heard nothing of him since. Could you describe him, Mr. Birkins? Well, I knew the boys so well I should be able to. You know, that's strange. I can't just seem to remember what he looked like. You can't. Well, he, uh... Well, there was nothing about him. All that I can really recall is that he had a great attraction for girls and older women, although he seemed to care nothing for anybody but his mother. And he had a habit that was frequently irritating, a habit of humming sentimental old songs. I'm sorry I can't be of greater help to you. You've helped plenty, Mr. Birkins, and thanks a million. Let's go, Logan. Yeah, I'll probably get in touch with you later, Mr. Birkins. Well, I'll be at your service, Captain. Goodbye. Goodbye, gentlemen. Goodbye. He couldn't have given us a better description, pal. Yeah, but what does it get us? Apparently the lady killer's real name is Elmer Bristo, and he had a doting mother. Wait a minute, Logan.  So what? So it finally made him go haywire and start killing gals like Madeline Chalmers. Listen, Logan, all of the eight women strangled by this guy were direct opposites of his mother. They were unconventional babes who did all the things that Mama had taught her only son to despise. Casey, he did those murders for dough. Those thefts will send him to the chair instead of an asylum when he's caught, Logan. But his real motive, I believe, was hatred of a type. Well, he proved that last night when he didn't hurt Clara Simmons because I think she was the same type as his mother. In that old-fashioned dress she had on, she may have... Well, he may have seen her all of a sudden as his mother. Yeah, maybe right. And from what you've just suggested, maybe we can figure a way to make him walk right into our hands. Of course we can. And by using your dear old power of the press and Clara Simmons. Yes, yes, Dorothy. Must you gaze into space and hum those corny songs? I must be dreadful company. Oh, I beg you, pardon, Dorothy. I was thinking. Light me a cigarette. Oh, sure. Shall we get another drink? Oh, not now. Sitting here on the beach has made me lazy. We're going to look out at the beach from your apartment tonight. Alone. Mm-hmm. Until tonight every... Every minute will seem like an hour. That romantic line is pretty old, Rob. Yeah, well, I'll try to do better next time. I hope you do. Oh, speaking of romance, did you see this morning's papers? No. Oh, there was the silliest story about that frightfully rich Clara Simmons. Clara Simmons? Yes. Ever meet her? What? No. I have. She's a drippy little thing. What did the paper say about her? Oh, she's very ill. Ill? Pneumonia. Brought on by a breakdown. Caused the paper set by a wrecked romance. I see. Well, did the paper say where Ms. Simmons is? Well, she's in the city hospital, I believe. Dorothy, will you excuse me? I've got to go back to the hotel. Why? I've got to put through a long distance called business. I may have to leave here on the very first train. Leave? What's happening about tonight? Well, nothing to my regret. Because Dorothy, you're just the sort of woman I love to find alone. There he is, Captain Logan. The man getting out of that cab. Fine, Ms. Simmons. Oh, Casey, our carcide scheme worked. That's pretty short word. We knew he'd fallen for it after that long distance call came through to the hospital. When they told him I was really ill, Ms. Williams, he came to me. Well, don't think of what he's doing now, Ms. Simmons. Think of what he has done. Yes, I must. Here he comes, Captain. Well, this is it. Hello, Elmer Bristow. What? Will you let go of me?  Here's a pair of bracelets for you. Oh, what's the meaning of this? What? This was a trick. Yeah. Now a few uninhibited rich gals are going to enjoy longer lives. Take them away, man. Come on, Ms. Simmons. I'll help you back to the trick. Annie, Ms. Simmons is crying. So what has that insignificant looking guy got? Made the women fall for it. Casey, if he wasn't on his way to jail, I think I'd try to find out. Yeah. Huh? We gals crave romance. And if we don't get it from overwhelming personalities like yours, well, there are a lot of Elmers. Hmm. Annie, I think there's going to be some nice moonlight tonight. Yeah. Uh-huh. So? Well, poor little Ms. Simmons needs comforting. Maybe I should invite her to go out with- Ow! Oh, I'm so sorry, Casey. I didn't mean to kick you in the shin. Beer isn't the most important thing in the world, but it certainly is one of the pleasantest. And Anchor Hawking's revolutionary new one-way bottle makes beer and ale easy to enjoy. You know, it took a lot of research to develop this one-way bottle. It had to be light, compact, sturdy. It had to be so low in cost that no deposit, no return to the store is necessary. And that's what it is. A little wizard at fitting it to packed refrigerators. Easy and safe to open, easy and safe to drink from. No trouble about returns. When it's empty, just throw it away. And best of all, it's glass. Glass that can't affect the flavor and purity of beer and ale. Glass that keeps your beer brewery bright. You will find 12-ounce no deposit bottles of your favorite brand at your local store. For beer at its best, ask for it in the new Anchor Glass one-way bottle, a product of Anchor Hawking. The most famous name in glass. This guy, Elmer, admitted all his murders, huh? Yeah, he's a psychopathic case, Edelbert. And when his kind start talking, they keep it up. You know, that guy's proud of all his killings. He's bragging about them now. A nice, sweet guy.   So clever, this Casey. Expert photographer, consulting psychologist and eminent authority on affairs of the heart. What? You sound bitter, Miss Williams. Do I? Lanny, I'm not responsible for this rain tonight. Who said anything about weather? Well, if it had been a nice moonlit night, I thought... Oh, I'm not interested in what you thought. Oh. To a person with even the slightest imagination. Moonlight is non-essential. Well, uh, care to live in the rain, any? Well, if the right person invited me properly. Miss Williams, will you go for a drive in the rain with me? I'd love to have your company. Why, yes, Mr. Casey. Where shall we drive? Poor Clara Simmons must still need comforting. How about calling on her and... Ow, my other skin! Oh, so sorry, Mr. Casey. Clumsy of me. Scott's Worth Is Casey is brought to you each Thursday by the Anchor Hawking Glass Corporation. Makers of Fire King Oven Glass. Anchor Glass Containers. Anchor Caps of Anchor Hawking. The most famous name in glass Tony Marvin saying good night for the Anchor Hawking Glass Corporation of Lancaster, Ohio with offices in all principal cities of the United States and Canada. Thursday night on CBS is the biggest show in town. So stay tuned for exciting dramatizations on Rita's Digest Radio Edition, which follows immediately over most of these stations. We'll be broadcasting...


Nice shot right here, just baseline, but not a bit. J.B. with two dunks already. Tatum against Creechy. He's like this matchup all week, and what? It comes out Bogdanovich, Hunter. Brown with the swats. Hunter thought he had an easy one. Leads to a holiday three. Rolls out White, the offensive rebound. And we've seen that type of put back before from D. White. Tend to shoot. Creechy got his hand on it. Brown closes out Matthews. Houser run to the floor. Slam Houser with a two hand jam. I thought he was close to double figures, man. I thought he was close to it. Chance for the last shot, and J.B. Another to his poster collection. Hey, Drew, you want to see a dead body? The grave digger playing at home here in Atlanta. Oh, my goodness. Wow. Jalen Brown just sucked the life right out of State Farm Arena. Houser White, you know he wants to push the pace. Finds J.T. for the stuff. Here we go. It's a matchup. We highlighted off the top. Former Spurs teammate, Murray, over Whites. That's a tough shot. Houser White for three. Inside, outside, basket ball increase. Tatum against Bogdanovich. Five on the timer. Tatum fires and hits. Tatum playing bully ball. Got his own, laid it in. Just too big. Shot clock winds down to five. Brown eyes up, Hunter shoots over him, and drops it in. Porzingis on the switch. He got a hand to the face. Made Murray miss the triple. Another offensive rebound. Bogdanovich ties the game with a triple. Expect Murray to attack. He's elite from the mid-range, and he hits another. Now Tatum, dribble drive, counted, plus the harm. No help. Murray puts him in the mixer, and hits another jumper. White knocks down the triple. What a night for Derek White from outside the arc. Murray, of course, is going to shoot that. Of course, he's going to make it. It's Murray against Brown. Shoots over the top, left it short. Rebound, Porzingis. Thought about taking the mid-range jumper, bounces it to J.B. He forces it over Matthews. Splash! It was 6.2 to play. Hawks with a chance. It's Murray against Holliday. Celtics highlights are presented by Metro by T-Mobile.


guidelines for parents of children and cults. Dear parents, does your child's involvement in a cult, a cult-like group, or an abusive one-on-one relationship make you feel you are in a sudden crisis that you don't know how to handle? You are not alone. Few people in this situation know what to do or say. Do you also feel your love for your child is suddenly buried under an avalanche of pain, sadness, anger, fear, a sense of personal failure, guilt, despair, resentment, rejection, disappointment, betrayal, shame, grief, and loss? Though these feelings are understandable, you will have to get them in check so that they do not spill over into your interactions with your child.  Do you feel helpless and hopeless? We assure you there are ways to help and good reasons for hope. Once past the initial shock and past the negative feelings, you will be ready to reconnect with your child. Most parents handle the negative feelings on their own. Those who cannot do it by themselves are urged to contact professional counselors who are familiar with cult-related issues. Families with long-standing troubles apart from the cult issue should seek professional help as well. Although we offer no guarantees, new communication skills can lead to reconciliation. The following guidelines were developed over the past 20 years. They work. However, they are not superficial tactics.  Step one, handle your negative feelings.  It is not healthy or fair to you to your relationship with your cult involve child or to the rest of the family for anger and hurt to overshadow all other feelings and thoughts. Don't ignore your negative feelings. Get in touch with them, but don't magnify them either. Express them to someone other than your child. Accept them. You have a right to your feelings. Now set them aside. This frees you to operate out of love instead. Focus on your child's needs instead of your own. You can see how resentment or anger would prevent you from doing this.  You need to reconnect with the pre-cult person. Cult involvement makes some parents wonder how well they really knew their child, with or without cults. How many of us know our children? We can know a lot about them without knowing them as they are, for who they are. You will now discover aspects of your child you never knew before. First, however, put your own needs and expectations aside. Step two, reconciliation starts with you. Don't expect your child to initiate the process of reconciliation. Cult members feel they have a new family and believe you are either the enemy or expendable. It will be up to you and other family members to start the process. With your negative feelings out of the way, the words you use, your tone of voice and your actions will come through to your child from a locus of love. If your efforts lead to your child's decision to leave the group, this is the best of all possible outcomes and we will rejoice with you. But your goal is not to rescue him or her, but to build a new relationship based on support, understanding, respect and compassion, despite your differences. If your child remains in the group, you will still have built a new and improved relationship. It will, however, take time to lay the groundwork. Here are the tools you will need. Patience. This is a slow process. Faith in yourself. Though you are competing with powerful influences, trust that the bond between you and your child is strong enough to prevail. Trust that your child's reason for joining the cult was not intended to hurt you. Be conciliatory. If you have already said all the wrong things and they antagonized your child, simply say, this is all so new to me that I did not know how else to react. I need time to deal with my feelings and this new situation. Listen with heightened awareness. Notice how your child responded to your explanation. Was he or she indifferent, suspicious or impressed with your honesty? If your child seemed indifferent or suspicious, ask, are you doubting what I said? If the answer is yes, say, I realized I made a mistake. I'm trying to start a new relationship based on trust. If the response is positive, say, I really appreciate your giving me a break. This is a good beginning. Step three, you can be honest. If communicating with your child has become a matter of walking on eggs, your new attempts to be more open may arouse your child's suspicion. If he or she asks what's going on or says you seem different, let them know you are getting help to learn how to handle this new situation because no matter what, you want nothing to come between you. How did your child react to learning that you are getting help? If he or she approves, say, I'm so glad that you appreciate what I'm doing. If it was ignored, ask for a response. I'd like to know how you feel about it.  Step four, this is not about you parents. Your child's involvement in a cult is an attempt to fulfill his or her social, emotional, spiritual, and ideological needs and was not meant as a deliberate insult to you. Even if your child has feelings of revenge, rebellion, or anger from old, unresolved issues, the fact remains that he or she is trying to survive. Just as drug and alcohol abuse is a way people medicate themselves to make their lives more bearable. They want to avoid pain and turmoil from within or without. Even if your child knowingly chose a new religion, it was not for the purpose of hurting you, but to find a way to meet his or her need for companionship, community, unconditional acceptance, and love. These needs outweigh loyalty to the family's religious community. A community they feel did not meet their needs. Former members of cults claim they needed relief from stress. Others wanted a closer relationship with God and a more spiritual life. Most did not know what they were joining when they were recruited into a cult. Many joined for reasons that have little to do with religion or spirituality. They needed to prove themselves. They had an involvement with someone in the group. They needed acceptance, to belong, or they tried to fill a void left by a broken romance. Many were disillusioned or disappointed with their school or career. Ask your child what he or she was feeling or experiencing at the time of recruitment. Step five, listen with your heart.  By now, you should be willing to learn more about your child. Pretend you are talking with someone else's child and notice the difference it makes in the tone of your voice. Ask.  That means no judgments, no arguments, no criticism, no sarcasm, no comparisons. Ask kind questions. What do you feel this group can give you that you did not get from your own religion? If you get answers, regardless of whether you agree with them, just say, I'm beginning to see what this means to you. If your child is suspicious of your new attitude, reassure him or her that you are trying to understand. Step six, validate your child's need without accepting his or her actions or decisions. The new relationship gets off to a good start by giving your child the benefit of the doubt as to motivation. However, validating their need to better their lives is not the same as accepting the way they are doing it or approving of the people with whom they are doing it. And you can say so. I respect your need for a spiritual or religious life, but I'm concerned about the way you are doing it. Or, I respect your right to make your own choices, but I'm not convinced that you made it independently. If it is a harmful one-on-one relationship, I know you only want to love and be loved, but sometimes that kind of need can be overwhelming. Focus on what your child's involvement means to him or her and not what it means to you. In the case of cults, it is important to remember that nobody knowingly joins a cult. Your child was led to believe he or she was joining a worthwhile and noble cause. Your child wanted to improve his or her life, the lives of others or even all of humankind. If he or she was in a momentary crisis, depressed or disillusioned, suffering the emptiness left by a broken romance, was experiencing inordinate stress from school or job or simply looking for a more meaningful life, a new direction or adventure and excitement, the cult offered hope for a second chance, a new life, a new start. Step seven, make your conversations opportunities to connect. Your child may want to convince you of all the positive aspects of the group. Just listen without judging and you may discover a side to him or her you did not know before. If this turns out to be true, say so. I had no idea this meant so much to you or I didn't know you were interested in filling the blank. Your child will appreciate your willingness to listen, aware that it is probably causing you both pain and concern. If he or she is in a cult, don't use the word cult. It will not help your communication or your relationship. He or she will react just the way you would if someone called your faith a cult. Step eight, go easy on yourself. If you slip back, have an emotional outburst or say the wrong things, let your child know this is difficult and new and you are trying hard to cope with it. If he or she gets angry, say, I could use a little patience and understanding too. Step nine, cut through the cult persons and reach out to your child. Members consider their new religious group to be their new family. The group has advantage of time and proximity. You are competing with an idealized parent in the group leader who controls every aspect of the members daily activities, their thinking and their feelings. Members' names may be changed to give them a new identity, cutting them off from the past. Total immersion in the new lifestyle dims their memory of their former lives, but the child you knew and loved dwells within and remembers what you meant to them, relate to that person.  Speak to the pre-cult person. Try reminiscing every once in a while.  Don't get defensive or apologize for being sentimental. Step 10, don't get hooked.  We all make mistakes as parents and you, like the rest of us, probably did the best you could with good intentions.  Just let him or her know that the past can't be undone and now you are looking forward to a new relationship. Tell your child that forgiving past hurts on both sides will help heal the relationship. If your child persists in his or her anger or rejects your explanations at this point, let him or her know you are not discouraged and you intend to keep trying. Step 11, getting through.  Listen for silences when there should have been answers. For voice clues, for hesitations or evasiveness, to unusual cheerfulness, and to statements that don't ring true. There is conflict within your child. The person you knew, the old self, and the cult personality, do not coexist peaceably. There is also a conflict of wanting to know the truth and not wanting to know the truth. What all this means is that your child has an internal struggle going on. So when you sense that the time is right, say with compassion, I sense or feel something is troubling you. This is different than saying you think something is wrong. He or she will try to argue with what you think, but it would be useless to argue with a parent's intuition. If he or she asks what you mean, just stick with your feelings that something is wrong. Don't say anything else about it. You are simply letting your child know you are aware that something may be troubling him or her. It may plant a seed of doubt. Step 12, the next stage. Let your intuition guide you to find the right time to suggest that your child join you in a session with the people who are helping you. The purpose of the meeting would be to help both sides handle issues that neither of you accepts or understands. If your child feels you are doing fine with outside help, remind him or her that you have gotten this far only because you have been getting help. If he or she refuses, drop the meeting idea for now. Rebuilding your relationship is a process, and its progress depends upon your child's unique reactions and responses to you. There is no formula for all families or a timetable that fits all. Modify all the statements we suggest to fit your own way of speaking. Take into consideration your perceptions of how your child would react to these statements, and do not say anything that does not suit your own ideas and feelings. Above all, you must be authentic. Lectures, please, attempts to change your child's mind. Sarcasm and insinuations that your child is doing something wrong all tend to alienate them. Compassion shines through. Please stay in touch with Jews for Judaism so that we can help you assess your progress. If you would like a transcript of these guidelines, please click on the link below. Thank you and be well.