Access journalism at its most pernicious. Notes from the edge of the narrative matrix. New York Times editors changed a recent headline from as Ukraine's fight falters, it gets even harder to talk about negotiations to as Ukraine's fight grinds on, talk of negotiations becomes nearly taboo. Apparently for no other reason than because grinds on advances the information interests of the U.S. Empire better than falters. A lot of propaganda emphasis goes into crafting headlines because the vast majority of people read only the headline of a news story and not the body of the text. If your interests are in propaganda and narrative control rather than news reporting, headlines are where your focus lies. Modern Western National Security Journalism is mostly just writing what a government official tells you to write and then calling it a scoop, which you got from a nameless source in the government. One of the many, many problems with this system of news reporting is that it gives the government a tremendous amount of leverage over mass media outlets. Because if the New York Times or CNN don't write what a government agency or official wants them to write, they can lose access to that source and all the scoops that come with it. If the New York Times started doing actual journalism and closely scrutinizing the U.S. intelligence cartel, for example, the CIA could just decide that New York Times is off limits and all the insider scoops go out to a different outlet. The New York Times would then immediately lose prominence while someone else gains it and they'd lose all the clicks and subscriptions they were getting from being a consistent source of breaking news on that front, which is why that never happens. A symbiotic relationship has been created in which news outlets benefit from powerful sources and powerful sources benefit from uncritical news reporting. The news outlets report what they're told to report in order to keep their steady supply of scoops and in exchange they get all the money and prestige that goes with it. The government gets uncritical regurgitation of talking points which serve the information interests of the Western Empire in that moment. This is access journalism at its most pernicious. Access journalism is destructive enough when it's a prominent official refusing to give interviews to unsympathetic reporters. But once you've got entire government agencies driving the entire news media information sphere by determining who does and does not receive scoops on foreign conflicts and international affairs, you've got a system of straight-up state propaganda. What is the effective difference between this system and one in which the state owns the media and tells it what to report? In essence, there is no difference. Instead of literally going to war with Mexican cartels, has anyone considered simply not having a shit-brained and completely unscientific drug policy that has been in a continuous state of failure since its inception? It's silly to let yourself be pulled from the left to the right.  But the values which drew you to the left in the first place are still grounded in deep truth and just as valid as ever. Other people on the left and pseudo-left being obnoxious doesn't magically invalidate the world's need for peace, justice, and equality. Your disagreements and grievances with a political faction don't magically cancel out the urgent need to end capitalism and imperialism. Don't let the failings of other people and the general confused state of our species cause you to lose sight of your healthy vision for this world that got you interested in politics in the first place. The headline from antiwar.com, US to arm Ukraine with toxic-depleted uranium ammunition. Tweet from Caitlyn. Remember, the US is filling Ukraine with depleted uranium and undetonated cluster munitions that will deform and dismember children for generations and perpetuating a war that has turned Ukraine into the largest minefield on the planet in order to save Ukraine from the bad guys. It's probably worth noting that Ukraine was always just one of the multiple fronts on which the US Empire was dangerously provoking and escalating against Russia as part of the new Cold War. There was also Syria, the NATO military buildup in the Baltic region, shredded treaties, sanctions, and increasingly aggressive nuclear posture reviews. Much of this under the Trump administration, interestingly enough. The late Stephen Cohen was urgently warning about these multi-front escalations years before the Ukraine war. Where it may be the most dangerous moment in US-Russian relations in my lifetime and maybe ever, Cohen told the Young Turks in 2017. And the reason is that we're in a new Cold War by whatever name. We have three Cold War fronts that are fraught with the possibility of hot war. In the Baltic region where NATO is carrying out unprecedented military buildup on Russia's border. In Ukraine where there is a civil and proxy war between Russia and the West. And of course in Syria, where Russian aircraft and American warplanes are flying in the same territory. Anything could happen. We were headed towards some kind of horrific confrontation between Russia and the Empire no matter what. Ukraine just happened to be the one that landed first. Moscow was always going to draw a line somewhere.


Hi and welcome to the session. I am Asha and I am going to help you with the following question which says, find the domain and range of the real valued function f defined by f x is equal to root over x minus 1. So let us begin with the solution and here we are given a function f at x defined by root over x minus 1 and here f is a real function and we need to find the domain range of f. Now let the function fx is equal to y. So this implies y is equal to root over x minus 1 then the set of values which x can take is called the domain of f. The set of values which y can take is called the range of f and since the given function fx is a real function therefore root over x minus 1 is defined x minus 1 is greater than or equal to 0 or x it is greater than or equal to 1 for all x belonging to the real functions out. Therefore domain of the function f will be closed interval 1 to infinity and again since root over x minus 1 is the positive square root of minus 1 and x is greater than or equal to 1 this implies that the function y is greater than or equal to 0 and hence the range of the function is equal to 0 with closed interval up to infinity and thus the answers are domain from closed interval 1 to infinity and range of the function is from the closed interval 0 to infinity. So this completes the solution hope you enjoyed it take care and have a good day.


And man, it's spot on. Hi, my name is Leon Rowe, Covency trader and trading coach at trading 180.com. And in this interview, I have a trader who has come leaps and bounds with his trading Spencer joined joined what 2020 2021 something like that. He joined me maybe about a year and a bit. Yeah. Yeah. And Spencer's agreed to share his experience with trading 180 his trading journey, and where he is at now with his trading, since being with with me and mentoring, and the trading 180 groups so Spencer, how did you get into trading first of all.  You know, I'm saying it was investing. You know, I'm saying. Yeah. Yeah. Similar stories, I included myself, you know, so many stories and interviews that I've done with traders and everyone pretty much says the same thing in terms of look just taking control of your destiny, knowing that a nine to five isn't going to be the way that you're going to achieve any kind of you know, quality of life you know I mean you're in the rat race etc. So 100%. So how did you find trading 180.  And, you know, they ever lost a lot of money, but I understood so I was looking up fundamentals one day and trading 180 popped up, you know, brilliant. Excellent. So what made you think about what made you think about fundamentals though what was what was the trigger about fundamentals that you thought you know that you needed more with with with with your technicals. What was the moment. Yeah, so the technicals like they work. Don't get me wrong.  So how I guess specifically has fundamentals, since you've been trading it and applying it to your to the technicals why how has that. I guess, how was the fundamentals really helped with your technicals specifically. So how fundamentals help me, I would I would say you trading blind without techniques, I mean without fundamentals, you know I'm saying now that's what me I would say I would say, I wouldn't even open up a chart now and not look at the fundamentals first. First. Yeah. So how so how, because coming I know my experience and how easy is it to actually or I guess the shift because it takes some time for you to get used to going to the fundamentals first and then the technicals right and then you go open a chart with the people, most traders, they go to the chart first, then they look at the, then they look at the, if they even look at fundamentals that transition, you know, of always looking at the chart first to then going to actually know I'm going to go to Bloomberg or Reuters or, you know, many of the bank analysis that we look at or whatever you look at and read that transition. Quick transition, or was it like a gradual thing that you have like those kind of habits, where you would look at the technicals first and you know I mean.   I mean, you know, the articles, you made them sound so clear to me, man, to the, you know, now we're, you know, like I say, I wouldn't now look at the fundamentals first, you know, before I even pop on the chart, I look at what's going on with the economy. You know, what's going on, you know, and, you know, I wouldn't, I wouldn't surprise nobody to not look at the fundamentals, you know, first. Yeah. Yeah. And I guess as well, fundamentals can be very daunting. Yeah. So you said that, you know, you didn't, you know, you might have been reading some articles and you didn't have a clue, you know, what you were reading, you know, the relationship between jobs and maybe inflation and the economy and how everything works because, you know, fundamentals can be very, I guess, complex and confusing, right. And so, now that you can, now that you understand the relationship and what to kind of focus on, it makes it really, it makes reading those articles and Bloomberg a lot easier, right.  Right. Right. You know, and why they're forecasting what they're forecasting rather than just, you know, taking lead from someone, some random person, an analyst online, right.  In fact, you can make up your own mind, because you know the fundamentals. Right. Right.     So now we're just waiting on the best price. Yeah, yeah, absolutely.  Yeah.   And I think traders missed that simple fact like, man, what is currency? So, you know what I mean?  It's a very interesting, very interesting point you make in terms of just that simple fact, right, because not every asset class is the same. So a lot of technical traders will, they will trade the same strategy on every single asset class. But in fact, you actually have to treat assets differently because they have different fundamentals, right? Right. I mean, and so you have to know, I mean, yeah, we do have intermarket analysis and everything is related.  In terms of interest rates and things like that. But typically, you know, it's important to keep that in mind, you know, what moves the exchange rate and what moves an exchange rate. Yeah. It's not going to be the same as if you're trading stocks. So the fundamentals of stocks is different and indices are different to Forex. And just remembering that point that in fact, this is what actually moves Forex market. It's not the technicals. It's, you know, I mean, what's going on behind it, right? Right. Right. You know what I mean? It definitely was a light bulb moment, man. Yeah. Like, whoa, like, okay, this is, you know, that's right.   So what other light bulb moments did you have? Can you think of any other ones? Okay.    You know, this is his own or something. You know, this guy knows this. Check them.  And, you know, I think you sent me a message the other day about stop hunts. You know, and you were just saying that, you know, stop hunters really buying at value, right? It's like the most bargain price, the cheap price, the most discount price you can buy it, right? When you, when you put it into its proper context, that's what stop hunting is. It doesn't happen all the time, but when it is, when it does work, like, for example, with today, I mean, yeah, sorry, today with the New Zealand dollar, right? Because you got in on that pound New Zealand trade and you posted it yesterday and you said your analysis was, you know, you're at, you're anticipating the, just in case the RBNZ actually are a bit hawkish, which they turned out to be, right? Right. Right. But where it was on a price chart looked like a brilliant buy in anticipation of that. You could have been wrong. But if you were right, the risk reward was. Man, I'm talking about, hey, man, can't, hey, man. Yeah, let's look at that. Highly affected. Yeah, let's look at that on the price chart. So I did a kind of circle this as well. So that was, this was, this was the, the trade setup, right? And you got in up at the top. Yes, sir. Yeah. I remember you posted that, that trade and you got in up there. And you made a little, I guess a little, a little error in terms of taking, taking profit and not setting, not setting, not setting any take profits. Yeah, I had, was working in, you know, running out the house and, you know, running out the office and, you know, my girl bugging me. That's why I tell her don't bug me without trading. And, you know, leave me alone and do this, you know. Now, but you know what? You're still up at the end of the day.  Right.  So people might say, oh, you faded that, but to have the confidence to do that. Yeah. When this is all you're seeing, most retail traders are never going to stand in the front, in front of that, right? Right, right.   I wasn't, I wasn't actually trading them. You know, I was just backtesting them.  And then it spied on, spied on. Yeah. And that was a, that was a really good trade.   Yeah, absolutely. Okay, cool. Um, so actually added a position when it came back up. Oh, really? Yeah. Brilliant. Gap in, I'm kind of adding. Brilliant. I could post that because that's probably not a, you know, I mean, it's, it's, it's a bit of a gap CPR, I think. Yeah. So that would be a gap CPR, um, probably somewhere around here. Anyone who was, anyone who was, uh, long trying to get long at this area here on a pullback would have been caught, right? And caught in their trades, capture the gap down pain. And then the relief right there. So yep, that's it. Perfect. Perfect. Gap CPR. Perfect. Gap CPR. So, um, a recent fundamental, apart from this, a recent fundamental trade idea that you are really proud of, like one of those trade ideas that you just, you know, you, you, you think to yourself, I got it. You know what I mean? I planned it and it worked out brilliantly. What was, uh, what was the, uh, your most, one of the most proudest trade ideas? Um, so we go back to the Euro trade. Uh, I don't think we was going to record.  Yeah. Remember, we had the conversation. Yeah. Yeah. It was last year when Euro fundamentals is changing. Do you remember, do you remember roughly when it, exactly when it was, because I got in on this slightly late. I say slightly late. I got it on late, later than you did matter of fact, because I know you were one of the first to kind of, um, to, to, to, to jump on this and, and switch your bias to. I'm thinking, I'm thinking October. Was it October was somewhere around here? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Brilliant. Yeah. So you got in at these lows. Yeah. I think it was a, uh, it could have been a stop on it down there. Okay. It could have been a stop on it down there. So, you know, right. So, so what was it fundamentally? Do you remember that was just, you were saying to yourself, you know what, I probably want to be a buyer of the Euro or a seller of the dollar. Do you remember? Yeah. So, so like as I, as you know, uh, me and Ken like the PMIs, you know, we can, we can, you know, I guess that's a good gauge of basically it goes into GDP. Absolutely.    So that changes the reddit about, uh, the central bank being able to hike the rates or not. And if the economy could support that, you know, you know, it's through. And that's what that was like a changing moment that I got in on, you know, I, it had to be, uh, it had to be a stop or a trade.  Well done. Well done. I remember as well is that one of the reasons I was, I was short on this, around this time as well until, um, probably later in the year, maybe around about December, I think, and towards the end of December, maybe coming in January, I thought to myself, something's not right. Well, say not right, but I didn't necessarily, um, uh, catch on was one of the things was the weather as well. Because remember, I think we were expecting really cold weather and with the cold weather would have, uh, basically, um, not been great for, uh, the euro because of, you know, maybe, you know, the, um, the Ukraine war, Russia was rationing, et cetera, and things will may have got worse for the euro economy, but because the weather was really good as well. Yeah. As that started to change, we had a mild winter, very mild winter. Um, it didn't affect GDP as much. So as you say, you know, the PMIs with, with, we're coming in okay, the warm weather.  Yeah. You know, I mean, and then, and it's nothing, right? We were talking about this. We were discussing this earlier, right? There's, there's times where in fundamentals where, where we're not going to see eye to eye. Doesn't happen too often, right? But it can happen. It has, it happens from time to time where it might just be a timing thing, right? It might be a timing thing. You might see something, you might share it with the group. I'm saying there's certain things that I maybe want to see first before I jump in, but you're, you and Ken or Lawrence or whoever might say, oh, do you know what? I think I want to be a buyer here.  You know what I mean? You know what I'm saying? I'm following you, right? You know what I mean? It comes out, right? And vice versa, right? So there's times where I might say I'm, you know, I'm, I'm sure on the, on the, on the end, for example, I might think, oh, well, I'm not really too sure because da da da da da. And then eventually, you know, there are times where the timing and the fundamentals just line up and everyone, it's just a no-brainer to go long or go short. But there are times with, with the fundamentals and this is just being honest to anyone who's listening, where it's not always going to be clear to everybody, right? It doesn't make, you know what I'm saying? It couldn't, you can't, it's not always a buyer. It's not always a sell. There's always going to be, even if you go to, you know, you read certain articles, there might be one analyst that might say, well, we want to be a buyer of the dollar. And there might be another analyst that might say, you want to be a seller of the dollar, right? There was a times where it might be just like, you think it's of, hmm, shall I stay in, shall I stay out? Right? Because I think you showed it was a video work on a group called back probably this year where you had a little situation where, you know, this analyst was calling for, you know, to buy and this analyst called for the sale and I'm not quite too sure but I think it was the dollar though. Yeah, it was the dollar and that's okay as well. There's going to be moments like that, right? But there are also going to be moments where everything is as clear as they, where it's just, you know, the dollar is a screaming sell or the, you know, the yen or the pound is a screaming buy, etc. And so, you know, part of the group is that we all are continuing even though, yes, I'm mentoring you guys, I'm still learning, right? I still learn and it's, I'm not so ignorant and closed minded to not include, for example, now I've got PMIs on the spreadsheet, have you noticed before? I've got PMIs, right? You know what I mean? So, those types of things, we all, as a group, you know, we lift the chavarra up and that's what we want to do, right? That's exactly what we do, you know, in the community. Yeah, so great, great trade idea, great trade and, yeah, brilliant man, that euro dollar, yeah, that definitely took a lot of people of guard and then, you know, we had the pullback we were talking about. I think I got, again, long on that euro towards the end of December and then it was just a case of, alright, then wait for that pullback, right? The pullback comes. I didn't actually get in on the euro dollar, I ended up getting on that euro CAD. Did you get in on that euro CAD trade? Yeah, yeah, the euro CAD. The euro CAD was a really nice one as well.  Yeah, yeah, we got in, we got in around here and then literally rolled it up. I took profit around here. I think, you know, I think is it you can, I think maybe Daniel ends up getting in around that demand zone there again and then it just went higher, right? Yeah.  Brilliant, brilliant, man. And so last question is how would you describe the difference between learning from videos, let's say for example, YouTube, TikTok, and actually, you know, being with a mentor, how is, you know, what's the difference between those two when someone is learning? For me, I was telling my artist that this morning, I'm like best of the both worlds, you know, because you know, I don't want to nag no one all the time, you know, because I can have a lot of questions. Yeah, yeah.  That's what I'm here for though, right? That's what I'm here for. Yeah, yeah, so I like to do videos first and, you know, put them on repeat how many times can I understand it, but I love having you there as a mentor, you know, where I can I can say, act, you know what I'm saying? You know, let me be on, I just don't get this, you know what I'm saying?  I'm saying for sure, man. Absolutely. And you and I like how you do it because you don't back it up with just what you say, you know, it's about what others say that's experience that this, you know, I'm saying, you know, so I like that about your life, you know. Yeah, thank you. Thank you. I mean, yeah, mentoring and trading, I guess, can be quite lonely and it's difficult to kind of, you know, we've all been there where we've been at the screen by ourselves and it's like, what do we do today? And a lot of times watching videos on YouTube and TikTok can be very confusing as well because you've got conflicting strategies, you've got conflicting ideas and some people want to trade the lower timeframes and scalp, some people want to trade the higher timeframes and it's very difficult sometimes for a trader to be by themselves just watching videos, right? Whereas with mentoring and I know for me having mentoring with Mark Chapman, you know, it keeps you, it kept me anyway focused, right? I could say I could ask him anything he would answer, we would have conversations, do you know what I mean? We'd have group calls and we have group calls and when I'm saying ask me anything, do you know what I mean? And it does, it makes a difference you know, rather than just yeah, that's exactly it, whereas a video, you can only get so much from a video you know what I mean? Yeah, right, right, you can't like we say you just can't get, you know so sometimes, you know, the video works like, ah, you understand it and like you said now you're going from another video to another video, yeah just being able to let's just X that out and hey man, what's this? You know what I mean? I don't understand it, you know and so having the mentors you know, I would say it's terrific man, you know what I'm saying? Brilliant, brilliant. Thank you so much for doing this interview and your review of Trading 180 and I really do appreciate it Spencer, I really do appreciate it and I'm glad you've been getting the results you've been getting, you know, you turned your trading around, I was saying, you know before this, I remember when you first came in and you know, where you are now is just a different person man, different person, different analysis, you know, you're a valued member of the community your analysis is top notch and you know, I appreciate you and I appreciate you know, what you bring to the community thank you man, thank you man, I ain't getting any blessing I like that you know, give me your flowers I give you your flowers man, for real though man, you've been a great a great inspiration and a great mentor man and a great coach towards my you know, career man and you know, I want to say man that you know, trading 180 is everything to me you know what I'm saying and I really like it I really love the community man you know, I just you know man, God bless you thank you and you too thank you again and for anyone who doesn't want to join the trading 180 community go to the website if there's an opening you can join if not, then there will be one probably in the future at some point and yeah that got me too, I like that too how you do the opening role man that's what they do for me and make me it make you kind of like intrigued to find out what is this about this guy got the opening role man where you know 30 days out I want to do it now you know yeah but I like but you know what I I used to but I used to keep it open 24 seven and I found that it doesn't work because a lot of some people come in because they're coming in maybe at different points I get asked the same questions and while I don't mind repeating myself it's a lot of work when you have people coming in every day I have it in batches you know I mean if I have and then I know okay I've got maybe you know maybe 10 people 15 20 people that's joined so then I know now I can kind of you know I mean focus on them and bring them through and when you think about school right no one doesn't join school with every single every single day you don't get new students joining a club right you have semesters you have terms and so it's in that's because you know the teachers right you know it's easy for them to keep everybody on the same page etc so you know it's a little better with you know the work right that's exactly it you know I mean so so it's so it's it's that it makes my work easier you know I mean and you know and again it gives you an opportunity I guess you know if you don't want to join today or you know next week and join next month or the next time I have the opening but um but yeah for anyone who wants to join there is an opening I think at the moment I think it was the fifth seventh it closes and then from then maybe in June July maybe possibly I'll have another opening but um but yeah Spencer thank you again much appreciated and I'll see you in the group call tonight it's gonna be in a what is it in an hour and a half just over an hour and a half yeah so are you coming yeah yeah I'm gonna I'm gonna get ready for it now probably do a little bit of day training and then yeah I'll be in there cool I'll see you later and um yeah to everyone else watching the video thank you for what for listening and watching this long and staying to the end and take care hope you have a blessed training week come on in guys come on in training you're the best man you know alright take care now take care man


You know maintenance and all that kind of stuff of the factory then That type of thing we can't apply to a specific job as well necessarily and therefore We're gonna put it just into this big bucket of overhead and apply it out to the jobs based on the predetermined rate So that's what's happening here. Once again, we're basically paying payroll and you might have in your head well, we should be debiting payroll expense when that happens and We're not debiting payroll expense because the per people who did work Have not helped us generate revenue yet They help us generate the asset of inventory and more specifically. We're gonna put it into the factory overhead So we're gonna put it into factory overhead. It's already been applied out in this problem to work in process That's where we have a credit balance here. So we're gonna debit factory overhead, which is already basically been applied out So we're gonna copy the factory overhead. We're gonna put it in C16 right-click and paste it 1 2 3 All right, so we're gonna make this a bit smaller and scroll down to 80


and get the guys time on the call. We got a registered event, or a thing. Only to do business. That's how it's going to be. The fly is hosting the fire stream. So we're in there just kind of evaluating what should we report better. It's some big thing to take away because we can see kind of what the client wants sometimes in a minute.


Hello everyone. Myself Prof. Preetish Chitte, working in Mechanical Engineering Department, in College-Walchand Institute of Technology-Solopur. Today we will discuss the third part of classes-objection methods. The learning outcomes are, the student will be able to construct Java source codes with the help of by taking the value from the user. And also the student will be able to develop Java transcript by combination of taking the value from the user and method and object declaration. These are the contents. First we will see the recap of the second session. After that we will see the program by taking the value from the user. And after that we will see the another program which will be the combination of by taking the value from the user. And also the applications of classes, objects and methods. Now first we will discuss the recap of the second session. Where we have discussed the get data method which consists of the variables length and width with the variables x and y with the data type integer where we had said that length is equal to x and width is equal to y. So this will be called as the get data method. And after that there is one more method which consists of the formula for the area of rectangle and which will be stored in the method rect area. Object declaration. Object declaration can be done with the help of following statements. Rectangle is our class name. Rect1 is an object name. New is an constructor. And again rectangle will be the class name. Here rectangle rect name is an declaration of an object. And rect1 is equal to new rectangle which will be called as initialization of an object. So this will be for rectangle 1. This statement is for the rectangle 1. Similarly we can write the statement for the rectangle 2. Similarly rectangle rect2 is equal to new rectangle where rectangle is a class name. Rect2 is an object name. New is a constructor. And rectangle is an again class name. The constructor new which will be combined the class name and object name. Here we can see the rect1 and rect2 are the object name for rectangle 1 and rectangle 2. The next part is the accessing the class members. Here accessing the class member means providing the value for the variables. The gate data method. We have discussed the gate data method. What is the use of the gate data method is that suppose we want to calculate the area for the two rectangles. Means here we can declare the values for the variables with the help of gate data method. Here the rect2. Here we are dealing with the rectangle 2. The gate data is an method. We are recalling the gate data method. 30 and 60 are the values for the variables. Here 30 and 60 are called as parameter list. What is the gate data method? Here that is called as recalling the method. That is the gate data method. This is the syntax for the gate data method. Here x is equal to 30. y is equal to 60. But we have declared that x is equal to length and y is equal to width. Method 2. Here the method 2 is also called as the gate data method. Where we can put the values here. The in general syntax will be the object name dot method name in the bracket parameter list. So rect2. gate data in the bracket 30, 60. Now suppose we want to calculate the area for the rectangle. Here we have recalled one method that is called as rect area method. Which consist of the length into width. That is the formula for the area. Now, the in general statement will be first we have to declare the variable for the area rectangle. So that is a2 is equal to object name dot method name that will be the in general statement. Object name is rect2 and method name is rect area. So whenever we are recalling the rect area method there will be the formula for the area of rectangle. We already know the values for the length and width so there will be the calculation for the area 2 for the rectangle. Very simple question. Why to use the gate data method? Why to use the gate data method? We just discuss now. Just think of it. Now today we will discuss the program regarding how to take the value from the user. Directly we will go to the program statement and we will discuss the program directly. So the program statement is that write the program to calculate gross salary of an employee. Consider the variable as a basic salary. Here we have to take the value from the user. These are the two conditions.  And the condition 2 is provided that if the b is greater than equal to 1500 then your house rent allowance is 500 and your dareness allowance will be directly 98% of the basic salary. Now we will move directly to the program. Now here we are using the scanner scanner method. Suppose you want to take the value from the user you have to use the scanner scanner method. There are actually three methods to calculate any output with the help of taking the value from the user. The first method that we are discussing and which is very simple which is called as scanner scanner method. The second method the second method is called as buffer string method. And third method is called as parse int method. But the scanner scanner method which is very simple than the buffer reader method and the parse int method. Now we will go directly to the program. Here import java.util.scanner. This will be the very first statement in the program. Whenever we want to take the value in the program the program will be starting with directly the user. But here we are providing the value from the user. Our first statement will be import java.util.scanner So scanner is a method. Here we are importing the value from the user. That's why import. Util consists of everything. Util consists of your classes, objects, method your values, variables, arrays, strings which is very important. Util is a package and here we have declared the GS as a class name. Public static wide man string ARGS is an main statement. Now this is very important. This will be your new statement. Scanner input is equal to new scanner in the bracket system.in So scanner input is equal to new scanner. So here input will be act as an object. Here the scanner scanner is a method new is a constructor. Here we are taking the value from the system. Now here we have declared the variables that is basic salary, house rent allowance and the gross salary. Here we have to calculate the gross salary. Here first we have to enter the enter the value of basic salary. So B is equal to input dot next double. So input is an object name. Next double is an data type that we have declared already. If suppose you want to declare the data type as an integer your statement will be input dot next int i capital. Here d is capital for the double. So whenever you want to type the value for the B here you can type the value for the B. Now if condition if B is less than 1500 there will be the some the conditions that we have discussed in the question. So house rent allowance is equal to Bx100 that is 10%, and thereness allowance equal to Bx90%. House rent allowance equals 500 and thereness allowance is equal to Bx90%. Now here there will be the calculation of the house rent allowance and the thereness allowance. And the gross salary and the calculation of the gross salary is equal to basic salary plus house rate allowance and thereness allowance. Here there will be of gross salary now this will be the program let's see the output now now the commands are javasyspace.js .java javaspace.js is a class name here we have to put the basic salary suppose I will put the basic salary 20,000 so these will be the values for the house rent allowance and the gross salary the gross salary will be 40,100 so this will be a very simple program with the help of by taking the value from the user now we will move to the next program now the another program statement is to calculate the roots of two quadratic equation by taking the value from the user and also by applications of object, method and declaration so this is the combination of by taking the value from the user and the object and method declaration now we will directly move to the program this is the program which is similar to the the program that we have discussed in the second part here the import java.util.scanner which will be there whenever we want to take the value from the user here there will be the use of get data method now we have to declare the values and the formula in the root 1 the formula for the root 2 here after that here the scanner scanner method eq1 and eq2 are the object name for the equation 1 and equation 2 here we have to print the values of a1, b1 and c1 with the help of eq.next double eq is another object name after that get data method we are recalling the get data method so x11 and x12 are the roots of the first equation and x21 and x22 are the roots for the second equation now we will move directly to the program and the output so java c space root.java java space root so we will put the values of a1, b1, c1 1, 9 and 1 there will be the roots for the equation 1 that is the root 1 and root 2 after that 2, 11 and 2 these are the values for a2, b2, c2 for the equation 2 and these will be the value for the root 2 for the equation 2 now these are the references thank you very much


Vaenny'r gilydd ar gyffrith yng Nghymru yw oes yn ddechrau, yn dweud o gysig o'r M13530 ynghyd, yn y rwynt i ddechrau Joe Fitzpatrick, yn ysgwrs i'r gwneudiaeth ar y ddechrau. Byddwn i'r ddechrau yn gwyllennu gyfu oedd i'r gysig o'r Gympyrngodd, Scotland, mae'n rygwyr ei ddefnyddio'r cyffrith o'u dyfu i ddefnyddio'r Gwineilion, i weithio'r ddechrau mlynedd o'r ddefnyddio'r ddechrau. Motion No. 13530, minister. Fonly moved. Thank you very much, and as no member has asked to speak against the motion, therefore I will now put the question to the chamber, and the question is that motion number 13530 in the name of Joe Fitzpatrick be agreed to. Are we all agreed? We are. Thank you very much. And so the next item of business is a member's business debate on motion number 12916 in the name of Gil Paterson on the 30th anniversary of the Scottish Caught Death Trust. This debate will be concluded without any questions being put, and I would invite those members who wish to speak in this debate to please press the request to speak buttons now or as soon as possible. Mr Paterson, if you are ready, and if you would like to open the debate, please seven minutes all thereby. Presiding Officer, may I first thank you for agreeing with the request to bring forward this member's debate from this evening to this afternoon. It has allowed a number of the trustees from the Scottish Caught Death Trust to attend the debate, and I know that members are aware that we have a late decision time at 8 o'clock, so I'm very grateful that this was allowed to happen today, particularly on this day. I would also like to thank those colleagues who signed the motion for helping to bring this debate to the Parliament in the first place. As a parent and a grandfather, it can be nothing more difficult to imagine or to in any way comprehend the devastation that must happen when a baby has passed away. For this to happen at all would be enough for any parent and family to withstand, but not to know the reason for the loss is beyond all natural senses. Therefore, it is with some comfort, relief and respect that we have people who understand the gravity of such horrendous human experience and aim to help in a number of ways. Firstly, they know that support of a considerable nature is needed for parents, siblings and extended family members when such tragedies strike. Secondly, they recognise that action is needed to fund medical research in the hope that the cause of such tragedies can be identified. With the information that is currently available, campaigns are launched to educate and inform those who care for babies and young children with the view of reducing the number of people who experience this particular horror. Presiding Officer, how does this valuable work come about? Well, for 30 years, the Scottish Cot Death Trust has been in the vanguard of doing this very work on our nation's behalf. A group of individuals volunteering to do what must be the most difficult job possible of counselling parents who have just lost their baby, many of whom, as a starting point, blame themselves for the death of their child to the syndrome known as Cot Death. The dedicated people of the Scottish Death Trust asked for little in return from the Scottish Government or this Parliament other than to help to bring this issue to the attention of the wider public and to bring together agencies that respond in the most appropriate way whenever this tragedy strikes. When I was asked to bring forward this motion to Parliament in the hope of securing cross-party support and holding this debate, it was the very least that I could do. To give time to highlighting the sterling work of the charity and to raise awareness of the counselling and support available to those in need is something that comes with great appreciation to all members of this Parliament. I hope that this debate will indeed help to draw attention to some of the dangers for new parents, even if they have had children already, which will go to reducing the number of babies and young children being lost to Cot Death. In my own mind, I think that what is the most important part of the trust's work is the preventive element that stops Cot Death happening in the first place, though funding research or from highlighting ways in which parents can help to reduce the associated risk, which increases sudden unexpected death in infancy. Or is it the counselling of families who have suffered such a terrible loss? Presiding Officer, it is, of course, both, because, while the education and information provided will lead to a reduction in Cot Death and I know that the trust is working towards zero tolerance of Cot Death, I fear that some families will need their help for some time to come. In the 30 years since the trust was established, it has an important vital and wide-ranging impact. The trust has brought about a different approach by the authorities and, of course, the press, who now have some sympathy and a much better understanding of the truth that they never had before. Cot Death occurs in every part of Scotland and affects every section of society, although more frequently in deprived areas. However, more earthen areas are not safe from the heartache. Most Cot Deaths occur within the first years of life, but can also occur in older children, so, sadly, it can occur wherever an infant is sleeping. In the early 1990s, the Back to Sleep campaign was the single most significant awareness campaign that was ever implemented and the Scottish Cot Death Trust was instrumental in ensuring the implementation across Scotland. The campaign aimed to educate all parents and carers of babies to place babies on their back for sleeping rather than on their fronts, as had been the advice previously. That resulted in an immediate decline in the number of cases of Cot Death and continued to be one of the most important pieces of advice for parents. However, there is a common misconception held to do today that Cot Death has been completely eradicated in Scotland, so the work continues. The motion that is debated today outlines the key points that the trusts are aiming to promote as part of their 30th anniversary message to ensure that parents are given as much information and help as possible to prevent this tragedy from occurring to them. Since formation, the trusts have provided vital support for hundreds of families across Scotland. Over the years, the support services on offer have been further developed, and today the trust offers an impressive range of support for families affected by the loss of a baby or young child to Cot Death. However, the trust supports not only newly bereaved families but also those who are still affected by the loss of a baby, in some cases many years after the tragedy. That long-term support is vital for many families, including those who go on to have another baby. To see just how much work is carried out by the Scottish Cot Death Trust, you need to only look at the spring edition of the Scottish Cot Death Trust news. I know that most members have got the copy of that, and I would be grateful if you looked at them and passed them on. That would be a good bit of work for the trust. The work carried out by the trust and its staff is immeasurable, and there are a few words in the English dictionary that can be used to fully acknowledge it. However, there are at least two words that I would like to say at this moment in time and on behalf of the Parliament, and they are, thank you. Thank you very much. I now call on Margaret McCulloch to be followed by Stuart Stevenson, a generous four minutes. In beginning, I want to congratulate Joe Paterson for securing this debate in the Scottish Cot Death Trust. Like members from across the whole chamber, I want to commend the trust for all their work over the past 30 years as they passed its important milestone. Since 1985, the Scottish Cot Death Trust has fundraised for research into the causes of Cot Death. It has educated the public and raised awareness of Cot Death and have worked tirelessly to improve support for the families who have been bereaved. This afternoon is our opportunity to come together as a Parliament and thank them for the contribution that they have made over the past 30 years. They are leaders in their field, promoting healthy infancies, informing policy, celebrating best practice and offering friendship and support to those families who have sadly lost a child to Cot Death. The debate is also an opportunity to remind ourselves that their work is not done, our work is not done, it continues and it must go on. As the trusts say on their website, a baby dies every nine days in Scotland and there are parents who will never fully know the reasons why an apparently healthy baby has died. Those parents deserve some answers and some understanding of how it has come to be that their child has been lost. For new parents and their families, for health professionals and for society as a whole, we need to do more to understand the risks to an infant's health. The more we understand those risks, the more we can do to reduce them and hopefully prevent these tragedies in future. The motion before us provides a helpful summary of the key advice and recommendations that the Scottish Cot Death Trust has developed in conjunction with the Scottish Government. It reminds us that the safest place for a new baby to sleep is in a cot in the parental bedroom. It reminds us to avoid sleeping on a sofa or a nam chair with a baby. It reminds us to avoid sharing a bed with a baby if a parent has been drinking, is overly tired or it has taken medication that causes drowsiness. It reminds us to avoid letting a baby sleep on a surface that is neither firm or flat, such as an infant swing or a baby bouncer chair or a beanbag. This is all helpful advice and it is advice that would not have been common or is widely circulated back in 1985 when the trust was first established. I also understand that the information the trust and the government have produced is now available in an easy-read format. That is a welcome development and I would stress the need for this advice and indeed all the public health advice to be accessible as possible. Presiding Officer, I also want to pay tribute to the donors, fundraisers and volunteers who have supported the Scottish Cot Death Trust as it has carried out its work over the last 30 years. We have to remember that charitable organisations like this would not be able to deliver the kind of services and assistance that we are talking about today without the kindness and generosity of their supporters. 86 per cent of the charity's income comes from donations from the public and the trust's fundrais and events and activities. It is the family fund days, the fundrais and balls, the sponsored skydives, the marathons and the 10ks, which ensure that the trust continues to be a vibrant organisation, not just a competent provider of services but an efficient and energetic champion of health infancies. Finally, every parent and grandparent knows the joy a child can bring to a family, how a new baby can change your life forever. They know the eagerness and anticipation that the whole family feels when a baby is on the way, the planning, the preparations, the decoration. They know how a baby can take over and become the focus of all your attentions and emotions, what I cannot imagine, but what some have sadly had to endure is the feeling of shock and the feeling of loss that comes when a new baby, a new addition to the family dies without explanation within a few months or even just a few weeks. My heart goes out to any parent who has ever been in this position. It may be some comfort to know that there is an organisation that Scottish Caught Death Trust, which is there for them, but it must be our shared ambition for the future to ensure that no parent should lose a child to caught death again. We must understand caught death and we must prevent it. I now call on Stuart Stevenson to be followed by David Stewart. I thank Gil Paterson for bringing this important subject to Parliament. There are very few of us who will not, at some stage in our life, meet death. It is an inevitable part of being here in the first place. However, when the death is of a child, of someone who is younger than us, we feel that death most acutelyt, not simply because it reminds us personally of our own mortality but because, of course, we experience the loss of someone who is precious to us. One of my personal interests is genealogy, and I just happened to have been going through doing a bit of a longitudinal study of the St Giles parish in this city, which we are just on the edge of, 150 years ago. 150 years ago, 50 per cent of children born did not reach the age of 10, and half of those who died died before the age of one. Today, we have vastly improved our care and our ability to deal with a range of conditions and diseases that affect our young people. That throws into even more stark relief the sudden unexpected death, often unexplained, that comes under the general heading of caught death. Of course, it is not one cause, and we do not always satisfactorily identify the cause of the death. As the numbers of young children who die has diminished, the pain and the sense of guilt that parents can feel when that happens is substantially increased. My father is a GP, described bereavement in five stages. He is denial, often very short, that you do not accept that it has happened, blame who you blame yourself for something that you did not do, blame others because things were not done, depression and finally accommodation where, hopefully, you have come to terms with it and put the happy memories you have had of the person who departed into some context that you will carry forward for the rest of your life. A child, even of the briefest period on this earth, will leave memories for their parents and for all who have known them. I have not been in the fortunate position of being a father myself. I am told that I am a relatively well-trained uncle, now great-uncle, godfather and perhaps in the not-too-distant future great-great-uncle. So, while not personally experiencing fatherhood, I have watched and stood with those who have been parents and seen their pride and excitement when they bring new life in that will take over from those of us who are perhaps now contemplating more acutely than we once did our own mortality. So, as the position of caught death has become more important as a source of young people not making it at adulthood, the importance of having the right kind of support in place has substantially increased. I think that that is where the caught deaths trust is to be utterly congratulated for the work that they do. It is draining to support someone who is in mental despair who has experienced loss. It is expensive because it takes time to provide counselling to people. It is not just a pill for a week, it is support often for a very extended period of time. Over the last 30 years, we have seen the work of the Scottish caught death trust, supporting parents across Scotland and indeed working with others beyond Scotland, I understand. As Gil Paterson's motion makes clear in his constituency supporting the next infant support programme for bereaved parents, bespoke services the motion talks about through pregnancy and for the first year after birth through things like anal monitors. There is one little thing that we need to think about. It is right and proper that we provide advice as to how we can minimise the occurrence of caught death. Margaret McCulloch highlighted quite a few of the pieces of advice that there are, but it is equally important that we reassure parents that it will not be their fault that a child has experienced caught death. They may have followed all the advice, they may not have been aware of some of the advice, but it almost certainly in 99 cases out of 100, probably higher, it will not be the parents' fault and of course that is precisely why the trust has to be there to reassure and support those parents who do not know what more they could have done, and the answer may be that there is nothing more they could have done. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. I now call on David Stewart to be followed by Jamie McGregor, a generous four minutes. Thank you Presiding Officer and I place on record my thanks and congratulations to Gil Paterson on securing this afternoon's debate. To mark, as we have heard, the 30th anniversary of the Scottish caught death trust. I also recognise the work of Lindsay Allen, the executive director of the trust and her colleagues, who have made such an incredible difference to the families who have faced such a terrible tragedy. I also praise the contribution of the chair of the trustees, Dr John McClure, who I met in Florence at the world conference of the sudden infant death syndrome over 10 years ago. As we have heard, one baby dies every nine days and about 40 infants die suddenly and unexpectedly in Scotland each year. Over the last 30 years, more than 1500 children have died suddenly and unexpectedly, with no definitive cause of death can be found. My youngest son Liam died from caught death in 1991. He was eight months old and I remember the horror and trauma of the moment that has never left me.  The ambulance, the faces of the doctors and nurses accident and emergency, the police and later the cold and remote manner of the pathologist during the post mortem. All that contrasted with the sport of friends, family and neighbours, the phone calls and visits and the hundreds of cards of condolence. Many other brief parents have told me of the tremendous support that they receive from the Scottish Cot Death Trust during the crucial first few months after their loss. That was certainly my experience. As we have heard, the number of deaths has declined since the 1990s and they are now recorded as sudden unexpected death and infancy. Such deaths can occur in every part of Scotland and in all social strata. Of course, most occur within the first year of the child's life and can occur whenever an infant is sleeping.  What can the trust do, as we have heard, is invested more than £3 million in research and development and has educated thousands of parents and professionals about Cot Death and how to reduce the risk? It is a range of resources providing support, home visiting, counselling and befriending services. I particularly highlight the important work done with the apnoe monitors and resuscitation training for parents. Of course, every bereave parent reacts differently. Some will walk contact support to last longer than others. When I meet parents through the Scottish Death Trust, they told me that having received the support, they were better able to support their surviving children and to search to help elsewhere through a general practitioner or private counselling. At times of acute grief, it is easy to forget about surviving children, grandparents, aunts and uncles and, with older children, those children's pals. I praised the trust for its case review study, commissioned in 2000, which called for a multidisciplinary approach, given all the agencies to work together to minimise the stress to families, and I understand that NHS quality improvement Scotland attempted to roll out back throughout Scotland. Losing a young healthy baby is one of the greatest traumas that parents can ever face. For 30 years, the Scottish Get Cot Death Trust has been counselling, supporting and educating parents, as well as supporting the professional agencies that work with families. Let us never forget its pioneering research work. We owe a tremendous debt of gratitude to all those involved with the trusts, the befenders, the fundraisers and the health professionals. The work that they do is truly outstanding and makes a real difference to many families. We honour their contribution and commitments here today. I congratulate Gil Paterson on securing today's debate, and I pay tribute to his consistent work in this Parliament supporting the Scottish Get Cot Death Trust. I am pleased today to join other members in commending the excellent efforts of the Scottish Get Cot Death Trust, the only Cot Death charity in Scotland, and all those who work for it. I volunteer or help fundrais as well. Despite being extremely rare, Cot Death or Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is still the most common cause of death for infants between one and 12 months old in Scotland. A child dies from Cot Death every nine days. As a father of six children myself, four of them still at school, I find it difficult to imagine the extent of the pain and darkness of losing a child, something no parent should experience, but the loss of a healthy infant suddenly and without explanation must be absolutely devastating and beyond heartbreaking. That is why all MSPs should be grateful that the Scottish Get Cot Death Trust is there to support bereaved parent constituents in these circumstances. The Trust's website is a fantastic resource for parents and their families. I know several mothers and fathers myself who have suffered from the awful trauma of a Cot Death. Grief over the loss of a baby or toddler is so intense that it's terribly difficult for relatives or friends to begin to know what they can say or do to alleviate the grief of parents. Margaret McCulloch and other members rightly highlighted this. While it seems unlikely that all Cot Deaths can be prevented, the risk factors associated with Cot Death can be reduced. Therefore, like other members, I would urge prospective parents to look at the reduced the risk leaflet, which is very clear and helpful and offers parents to be straightforward advice on such things as placing babies on their back to sleep, keeping them away from smoke, breastfeeding and dummy use. It appears that reducing risk factors, primarily by encouraging parents to place babies on their back to sleep, notably since the time of the 1991 back to sleep campaign, has helped to gradually decrease the incidence of Cot Death over the last few decades, but we must continue to make progress in that direction. As Gil Paterson's motion makes clear, the Scottish Death Trust not only supports bereaved parents and educates the public and healthcare professionals about Cot Death and ways of reducing the risks, but is also committed to funding medical research into Cot Death, and that is to be very much welcomed. Indeed, since it was established in 1985, the Scottish Cot Death Trust has invested more than £3 million in research projects locally, nationally and internationally, and we still know relatively little about the causes of Cot Death. That is what we have got to find out, I think. Why, for example, are premature babies more affected and second and later-born infants at a greater risk than the first-born? To conclude, Presiding Officer, I again warmly welcome today's debate, and on behalf of my party, I congratulate the Scottish Cot Death Trust on their 30th anniversary, and thank all those involved in the trust for the work that they do on behalf of all our constituents, and I wish them every success as they continue their critically important and valuable work in the years ahead. Thank you very much. On our call on Dr Richard Simpson, a generous four-minutes Dr Simpson, after which we moved to closing speeches. Thank you, Deputy Presiding Officer. Can I join with the other members in congratulating Gil Paterson on, again, getting a debate on this important topic? I have no negative feelings about the fact that we are debating it again. I think that it is important that we continue to consider this important topic. Of course, the context of the Scottish Cot Death Trust's anniversary, 30th anniversary, is a good one. I think that joining with Gil and saying thank you to them, our gratitude to them for the work that they have done over the years, is very important. The quality of the support that they provide in counselling and education is obviously extremely valuable. We commend their hard work and dedication, as David Stewart said, because it has a profound effect on those families who have been affected and support them. As a doctor, I experienced families with Cot Death and it was difficult. In the early days, in the 70s and 80s, the way in which it was managed was by silo people coming forward. That was the health visitor providing some support, but then the police were involved, the pathologist was involved and the thing was not connected up. Having a multidisciplinary approach of the sort that was referred to by David Stewart from 2000 on is critical in managing those situations. The police are infinitely better at this now than they were and that is something that is very welcome. Apart from patients, I have also had a family member who suffered a sudden infant death syndrome or unexpected death, as it is now called. The form of unexplained death is the one that is really important in what we are discussing today. Of course, differentiating it in the public mind from other things that may occur, the worst end of that being infanticide on Munkhamston syndrome is really critical. That suspicion is out there in the public sometimes when an infant death occurs. When you get the sort of experience of those families, as Stewart Stevenson said, of the feelings of guilt and self-blame, then the whole thing gets very confused. The trust's role is really critical on the educational role that they provide. The summit that they had fostering collaboration is important. Getting the range of health professionals to interact with the family through pregnancy and nursing when it is a second pregnancy but also the bereavement and other counselling is really important. The toolkit that is provided is helpful to professionals and families alike. There is a lot of information and, of course, none of us forget the back-to-sleep campaign, which again members have mentioned. It is critical that it is one of the nicest slogans back to sleep. It was so simple and so welcome and made such a fundamental difference. It seems extraordinary that it took to the 1990s for medical researchers to discover such a simple thing, making such a huge difference. However, it does not remove the fact that we still have deaths at one and every nine days, and it is critical that the research goes on, because we still do not understand it. Of course, there is a lot of research that indicates the factors involved, which have been mentioned by other speakers. The smoking issue is still important. We still have too many people smoking in pregnancy. It is almost 20 per cent—I think that it is about 18 per cent now. It has come down, and that is very welcome, but we need to go further on it. Groups such as the family nurse practitioner support who are supporting families who are more likely to experience this is important, because teenage pregnancies and young mothers are more likely to experience the very small numbers, but it is still more likely to happen. The question of laws and economic status as being overrepresented is important. The issue of breastfeeding is important. I was disappointed to hear that the family nurse practitioner programme, which we all support and feel is good, has only a 5 per cent level of breastfeeding. I think that that is something that we need to question and say, well, if this is a highly focused, low-case load approach, why is it only 5 per cent breastfeeding when that is so important to this particular group? Breastfeeding is another of the factors involved. If the breastfeeding we know protects against infection, it seems to be an association with cough death. The other issue is the question of teenage pregnancies. Of course, the reduction in teenage pregnancies, which the health committee reported on, is welcome. It is beginning to move in the right direction, but there is still substantial variation across the country in the levels of teenage pregnancies. I think that it is critical that we keep on that report. It is not so far as long ago that it was produced, and it needs to be looked at. I personally feel that there should be a school-level publication of teenage pregnancies. I found when I went to Oldham that that was instrumental in changing the approach to teenage pregnancy. Schools who did not believe that they had a problem with it suddenly realised that when the figures were given to them, they had a serious problem and they needed to address it. Beyond the family nurse partnership, there are also other groups. Beyond that, a very limited and very tight group, we need to consider other families and potential mothers who may have problems, because drug and alcohol abuse is another of the factors involved, and we need to make sure that they are supported. That means that the health visitors who worked previously with those focused groups, from whom we have now removed the most difficult people, or the ones that are most needing help, the most at risk, and the ones beyond that, who do not qualify for family nurse partnership, need to continue to be supported. In Fife, for example, where there was an excellent programme supporting some 600 families, that programme has been somewhat damaged by the removal of resources into the FNP. That is, frankly, unacceptable. It needs to be looked at, and I hope that the Government will look at it. I hear that the positive change programme in Glasgow has similarly had problems since the FNP was established, so I think that that too needs to be dealt with. I am looking at it, Presiding Officer, to see if I am still all right. I could have a little more time if you wish. I think that one other issue that I want to address is a difficult one, because it is still a matter of debate and that is swaddling. In some cultures, swaddling is the natural way to do it. It is the established cultural approach. It is clearly important that we understand that, because it is thought that swaddling with the creation of increased heat can actually become a factor, because if the child is too hot, we know that that is a factor in the situation. Getting proper advice and swaddling I think is important, and I know that CotDest trust has advice on this, and I think that that is another thing that is important. At one point, it was a question of whether the emissions from certain types of mattresses were a factor as well. I think that that has now been addressed, but actually having the right bedding, the right clothing, the right temperature, avoiding smoking, avoiding alcohol or drug and alcohol, and not taking the baby into bed with you in the circumstances where there is any possibility that you could overlay, any possibility. Particularly if the child is premature, that is inappropriate. All that advice that the CotDest trust has given is extremely welcome, and I hope that it will not have to go on for another 30 years, that we will find a solution, that we will find an understanding, but in the meantime, the programme that it runs in educating the public in general, but also in supporting families who have been bereaved in this way, has been welcomed, is critical and has to be supported. I now call on the minister Maureen Watt to close this debate on behalf of the Government minister you have until 2 o'clock, if you wish. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. I would like to thank Gil Paterson very much for bringing this debate today. I noticed in the records that five years ago he brought a similar debate recognising a quarter of a century of the Scottish CotDest trust, so I join with all the other speakers today in congratulating the Scottish CotDest trust on their 30th anniversary and acknowledge the important work that Lindsay Allen, Executive Director of the Trust, all its trustees, its staff and its many volunteers past and present have done over the last 30 years in supporting families who have lost their babies or young children to sudden and unexplained death in infancy. I welcome all the points that have been made by the speakers. Presiding Officer, any bereavement, as has been said, is traumatic. However, the effect of a sudden and unexpected death of a baby has a devastating impact on the family, which is why the support offered by the trust is necessary and greatly appreciated by the bereaved families affected. Interestingly, just last night in this Parliament, there was an event celebrating the work of the 10th anniversary of the Simpson Memorial box appeal. There were some very harrowing stories and many tears last night at that event, which just brought home how devastating such a death can be. As members have mentioned, thankfully, in recent years there has been a reduction in the number of sudden unexplained deaths in infancy. Until 1991, around 50 babies a year died in Scotland. That has gradually decreased to around 30 babies a year. Clearly, even one death is too many, but the trend is thankfully in the right direction. Figures from the National Records of Scotland for 2013 and Provisional Figures for 2014 show a potential further drop in numbers, and that is to be welcomed. Experts believe that the reduction is due to the advice given to parents to place babies on their backs to sleep. As Dr Simpson mentioned, it was just such a simple message. Supporting families has been and still is a fundamental aspect of the trust's work, and most recently it has introduced the Scottish co-ordinator role, which offers assistance to boards in conducting sudden infant death reviews where required. Also, the next infant support programme, where the trust offers to work with each of the SUDI pediatricians across Scotland to ensure that, when bereave parents are expecting a new baby, they will receive extra care and support during the pregnancy and after the birth. The Scottish court death trusts also received section 16B funding from the Scottish Government. That was £15,000 in 2014-15, and that was for sleep apnea monitors, and it will receive a total of £120,000 over three years for its support posts. The Scottish Government SUDI group was established in December 2012, of which the Scottish court death trust is an active participant. That group was set up to take a fresh look at this important area of work. In particular, the group has considered how best to ensure that SUDI reviews are fully completed and looked at how to drive improvement locally and nationally. The SUDI multi-agency toolkit that is currently hosted by Healthcare Improvement Scotland was set up and provides web-based guidance on the correct procedures in the invent of a sudden unexplained death in infancy. That developed a standardised pathway in the SUDI review process for all boards to follow when investigating a sudden unexplained death in infancy. The SUDI review process and the toolkit have been used since 2011, and NHS boards now have full responsibility for undertaking SUDI reviews. It is not just professionals from NHS boards who are involved in the management of SUDI cases, but also Police Scotland, the Crown Office, Procurator Fiscal, Ambulance Service, and often child protection colleagues. The information sharing processes between the different agencies are critical. The Scottish Government SUDI group has also considered the information gathered from the SUDI review process and will consider further data analysis to drive more quality improvements of the process and improve the care and information that is provided to families who have been devastated by tragic losses, of course. The minister has been talking quite properly about the wide-ranger professional support, and of course the CotDest trust musters much of that to help those who are affected by that. Is it not also the case that those who have experienced sudden infant death syndrome are often the ones who are most valued by later sufferers? Of course, they bring personal experience to it. It is often at least as valuable as the professional input that comes from the wide range of people who are involved in the trust and the whole issue. That is a feature of the third sector very generally of which the Scottish Infant Death Trust is a good example. I absolutely agree with the minister for that intervention that peer support is so crucial, not just in this area of work, but in so many aspects of the work that I undertake and the visits that I make to various organisations. You learn so much more and have so much more empathy with someone who has been through the same experience as you. Indeed, in the last two years, there have been two SUDI summits, which have been joined by the Scottish Death Trust and the Scottish Government events. The most recent summit, which I opened, took place in December 2014 and was an excellent day of sharing best practice with the common goal of assisting bereaved families who experience SUDI. The Scottish Government set up child death reviews steering group this year and the trust has a representative on this important group, ensuring that the perspective of bereaved parents is heard. The child death review steering group will provide a report to ministers in the summer, setting out their recommendations for a child death review process. As other speakers have mentioned, the cause of SIDS is not known. It is possible that many factors contribute, but some factors are known to make SIDS more likely. Those include placing a baby on the front or side for sleep. We also know that the risk of SIDS is higher in cases where babies are born pre-term, with low birth weight, where the mother smokes over 20 cigarettes a day, when pregnant or in families where there is socioeconomic deprivation or complex needs. As Dr Simpson said, looking at where the breastfeeding rates can go up, that shows that there is less likelihood of sudden death, and if we can tackle more, we are making good progress with teenage pregnancies, but more needs to be done. The NICE guidelines on postnatal care were updated in 2014, and they agree with all that. We need clear evidence to say that one particular factor directly causes SIDS. NICE reviewed evidence relating to co-sleeping, parents or carers sleeping on a bed or sofa, or a chair indeed with an infant in the first year of an infant's life. Some of the reviewed evidence showed that there is a statistical relationship between SIDS and co-sleeping. However, NICE was clear that the evidence does not show that co-sleeping causes SIDS. Therefore, the term association has been used in the recommendations to describe the relationship between co-sleeping and SIDS. NICE recommends that the healthcare professionals should inform parents and carers that the association between co-sleeping and SIDS may be greater if there has been alcohol consumption, drug use or low birth weight or premature infants. I should also mention the reduced risk leaflet that is given to every mother, antonately or following delivery. In closing, I would like to acknowledge again the work done by the Scottish Cot Death Trust and wish that the organisation continued success in the future, supporting families affected by sudden unexpected death of a child or baby. Many thanks and thank you all for taking part in this important debate. I now allow a moment or two for change of places for ministerial, and then we'll move on to portfolio questions.


Hi guys, it's Monica. I thought it would take advantage of this time to answer a couple of questions that I got on my Blink giveaway video and I had said in that video I wasn't going to respond to any questions to leave some on other videos And I did get some on other videos and I did get some in direct message and I got some on that video Now to answer some of those questions and then at the end of this video I'm going to do another giveaway, but you have to be subscribed You have to like this video and you have to leave a comment And you have to tell me which of the two products you would like because I'm going to pick two winners, but anyways I You know, it's always amusing to me how Some folks feel really empowered When they're sitting at a safe distance behind a keyboard and I think sometimes you know that Keyboard gives people a false sense of strength and Sometimes people can just be mean and say things that they may not ever say in real life If they were standing right next to you So I'm always amazed at some of the comments that I get. I Have never professed at all to be a A beauty diva or an expert in any way at all So do not misconstrue the answers to these questions as advice because I'm not going to give you advice I'm just going to tell you what works for me what I've done and I think I've said that a number of times So I'm going to get the first one out of the way I'm not going to mention the folks name at all because I never know how how that would you know be perceived But anyways the first question Was Monica What lip liner are you wearing lately? I notice you finally have gotten rid of that God awful dark lip liner That you've been using and that dates you Not that you have the best lips, but they look a lot better with whatever lip liner you're using. I Thought that was funny. So I'm gonna tell you what lip liner I'm using Probably a year ago. I was watching Might have been hot and flashy Using a lip liner from Rimmel Exaggerate and it's East End snob I've used it for a while. I've used a number of them might only complaint about this It's a very very soft liner and if you pull out too much of it It breaks off. You have to be Extremely extremely careful. So normally I do line my lips using a dagger liner because You're absolutely right. I don't have the greatest lips. They're crooked. They're small and somehow I think if I have the darker liner making my lips larger that They actually look larger, but anyway, so I haven't been using that in I don't know maybe the last Three four weeks and I've been using the lighter one the East End snob. So hope that answers your question So this question I got from someone who says they have tried to order the Nevea and it never arrived So she's curious to find out what other anti-aging creams and processes Do I feel have made a difference for my skin? So let me just say that I don't use the Nevea on my skin although I do have a Container of it that my niece got in Germany and I like using that I like the smell of it, but that's not what the question was all about Skin firming and soothing serum you're absolutely right. You cannot find this anywhere in the States I believe I haven't seen it in a while when I bought this originally I bought two of them one one and I had no idea if it was going to work But I was seeing a difference in my fat pockets and that's the only place I put it on So I bought another one the other cream because the question is what other creams do I think have made a difference in my skin? And for me, I'd have to say it is the B. Venom I've been using that since November of 2016 and I really really Have noticed a big difference when I use that on what my skin is like when I wake up now I've dry skin. That's my skin. I will also tell you have to listen to your skin So if my skin is like in excess, you know, excessively dry I'll put more of it on sometimes I'll put it on twice a day at night and in the morning But usually just at night after I use my retin-a The next question Monica, you're the first person That has ever mentioned using an oil-free cleanser on Eye makeup when you use care pros. Can you please explain the reason for that? When I first started using care pros, I had Believe I think it was Mary Ellen after 60 Natalie the beauty diva they had talked about it and I was like I need to look into this product so at the time there was a US distributor there was a company in the States and I can't remember the name of the company I know they I believe they still do sell it and I contacted them and I Said how exactly do you use this and the person that answered me back said We suggest you do not use any kind of an oily cleanser When you remove your eye makeup on the nights, you're going to use this product Somehow the oil residue can inhibit the care pros from actually working the bitum or pros from actually working as quick or as good as it could so You know unless you remove your eye makeup with your oil base product, and then you remove all of that Then you put it on it might be okay, but I was always thinking well I know now I just end up getting the oil free equate because it's the cheapest one And this is what I take my eye makeup off with on the nights that I'm going to be using my eyelash serum Whether that's made it work better for me or not. I don't know but that's what I was told way back when I don't know I've not heard anyone else say it I don't know whether it's true or not But it does make sense to me And so that's how I've always used it and that is how I continue to use my blink I remove all my eye makeup with the oil free product when I'm not using the blink I sometimes take the castor oil The Jamaican black castor oil and I put it on my non blink nights I just put it right on the base like an eyeliner just like it would apply my blink I also will then use it in condition my lashes. So yeah, that's that's why I don't know whether it's the right thing or the wrong thing somebody else I Just recently purchased niacin I 10% zinc by the ordinary is it best to use this in the evening? Or the morning and what other creams can I combine with it or should I not combine? Is it considered an antioxidant? So again, I hate to give advice. There's mixed reports on it I've read a lot of reports recently That says it is perfectly fine to mix it with vitamin C and anything of that nature I use my niacinamide at night It is the way I started to use it It was the way that the ordinary told me to use it in the beginning because I do buy it from the ordinary That's what their recommendation was. I sent him an email and they have their little You know, they're the ordinary monkeys that come back and actually answer your emails and tell you what to do And they suggested I use it just at night and not to mix it with any other You know basic serum other than maybe the buffet or you know One of their other type of serums but not to mix it at that point in time with the vitamin C And so I just always did that. I don't use it in the morning. I just use it at night I let it soak in. It's usually what I put on my skin After I cleanse and tone if it's a retinae night I let it soak in and then at one point I'll go in with my retinae if it's a Dermarolling night. I will derma roll first then use my niacinamide and then My other serums the buffet. I also use rule of oil. I use squalene oil I use carrot oil. So it's a couple of different oils that I use. So it really all depends. I really like the niacinamide Can I tell you 100% of trunk my pores? I don't know. I think my pores are better I feel that it has made a difference on my pores, but my pores are still pretty big and But I think it has made a difference So here's another one the veya question again Where did you get the nevea from? I bought it when it was still on the shelves. I believe I bought mine and Alta Months and months and months ago, you know last summer sometime So at that point in time, it was still on the shelves. It is not on the shelves anymore I know you can buy it in the secondary market Many people do I personally wouldn't do that I wouldn't want to spend the money on on that buying it on eBay or anything of that nature But that's just my preference. The other question is When you went away, I saw on your Instagram story That you had Masks with you How often did you mask? What a vacation. Holy moly. I masked every single time I every single day if I could I Tried to do it a lot. My vacation was extremely active if you watch the vlogs We were outside a lot. We were in the elements. It was windblown. I was exhausted and I looked Horrible but at night I would put that mask on sometimes even in the morning and I felt so so Good, so I would mask whenever I could I bought the mask because that's the next question at TJ max I Happened to like a lot of the masks. I can buy a TJ max. I am not into spending Big bucks on masks. So I I like I like the products in fact today. I'm with TJ max. Let me show you hold on Had to get a tweezer but I I Was hoping to get the same mask I couldn't but I got a cucumber facial mask They're they're both both the masks that I bought were either their Korean skincare and a vitamin C collagen So the masks that I buy Moisturizing masks soothing moisturizing masks because my skin tends to be dry So I mask as often as I can So that's the questions if you have any more questions go ahead and Leave them in another video and I'll answer them or if you leave them below in this video I probably won't answer them until I do another video. I did say in the beginning this was a giveaway So I'm actually going to give away and it's up to you whether you want this either this unopened bottle of skin for men and soothing or This Lana cream Lana cream and this is the one I use all the time be venom face mask So if you want to be entered Tell me when you when you enter Like the video leave me a comment and tell me do you want the name there or the mask be them and I will pick two winners This video will go live on Saturday. I will leave it up for a week I will not respond to any questions, but I will pick two winners One for this and one for this if nobody wants the second one or the first one Then I'll just keep it, but that's that's the plan. So that's my That's my plan I Think I really I really am enjoying doing some of the giveaways because a number one I am very fortunate that I have the opportunity to get some products sent to me and these products I pay for so that's you know, not the case on that But I've been fortunate enough to have some products sent to me and I think that is 100% because of you guys you're watching my videos you subscribe to the channel you're helping the channel grow And I think that's what makes it so that I have the opportunity to get some free products And I just think it's kind of nice to kind of play it forward. So I want to do some more giveaways I've got a stockpile of stuff that I'm going to be looking at doing and I would also if you if you have any Suggestions for a future video of topics leave them below, but I'm not going to answer I'll probably just heart all your comments, but I'm not going to answer and again This is going to run from Saturday to Saturday and look for on Tuesday the winner of the link So So hey, thanks so much guys and thanks so much for all your support. I truly appreciate it. Bye. Bye