In this module, we will talk about the second important feature of state fermentor. While talking about the basic part of a state fermentor, in that module we have seen that body vessel, agitator or agitation system and a sparser. These three are the basic component of a fermentor except we are not talking about the accessories of an fermentor. We are talking about those part or those component which are directly attached in a fermentor. So, body vessel of the fermentor, we know that as our main body is, so the arms and head and the legs are attached to H and the same way a fermentor or a body vessel is the main and then there is agitation or agitator system that attached to the body vessel. That is a very basic part of a component of a state fermentor as the name indicates the steering is needed because when we have to run our fermentation process in a deep cultivation then there is a need of steering. So, you can see here that what is the function of the agitation system. So, agitation system provide good mixing. So, in case of the good mixing, then there is increase mass transfer. What is mass transfer? Mass transfer can be talk about in the liquid and the bubble boundary layers. So, when we talk about the agitation that provide the equal contact chance of the medium ingredient to the organism or we can say that organism has the equal chance to go anywhere in the fermentor vessel having the chance of utilization of the fermentation component or ingredient or a nutrients by the same way. If there is no steering though no proper mixing then what happened? Then there is a depletion of the nutrient surrounding the organism. So, on one side there is a depletion of surrounding and the same there will be the concentration of the secretions which can cause the toxic environment to that organism. So, when we talk about the good mixing that have the effect on the mass transfer mean that have the good for the transfer of toxic element out of the environment from that effect on that have the positive effect to dilute the toxic effect on other hand that have the chance of other nutrient to come closer to the organism. So, that on other hand it also provide the appropriate shear that requires the breaking of the bubbles. So, when there is a sparser and the air bubbles has to oozes out in the fermentation media agitation system separate those bubbles into a small bubbles. So, as the bubble size decrease then there will be a more surface area then there will be a more surface area then there will be a more chance of the oxygen solubility in the medium that ultimately effect on the metabolic process of the organism. As concerned the agitation system that consists of an agitator and the baffle. So, there are the two component of the agitation system one is agitator and other is the baffle. So, baffles not attached to the agitation system but that is the part of the agitation system. So, what baffles do I will talk about here that the baffles are used to break the liquid flow to increase the turbulence and mixing efficiency. So, as we have seen in our daily life and we making up any syrup in our home either milkshake etc., etc. Just look into the bowl of that there is a in growth. So, that in growth are basically known as the baffles sometime we put the spoon inside that just to make the more turbulence. So, if there will be a no baffle what happened there will be a continuous layering of that medium. So, the medium which have on a periphery that remain on a periphery and that medium that is on a in a center that remain in a center. So baffles actually gave the equal chance of the medium to come in contact from the outside to inside and inside to outside so that is only due to the increase in the turbulence. So, in this slide you can see that one part is the baffles and other is the agitator. So, as concerned the agitator that one part is the impeller. So, that can be a one impeller that can be two three it depend upon the size of the fermenter and the design of the fermenter that how many impellers are attached to the shaft. This is the shaft and then there is a motor and motor we know that motor has to drive this whole system along with this there is a sensor that sense this speed of the motor by which we have to control the rpm of the agitation. So, link of this agitation system that is through the seal as I have told you in our previous module that seal is very critical because there is a continuous process of agitation in case of that seal is very critical. So, this system if the seal is not good then there is a chance of contamination in case of good seal then we have a good and reliable agitation system.


Can you count to 10? 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 18, 1, 1 Alright you guys what is going on and welcome back to another video Today I didn't think I was going to bring the camera out, in fact I packed it all away But I just thought I couldn't let this moment not be captured, you know Been thinking a lot about what kind of content I want to bring to my channel Once leaving Alice Springs and once finally going home back to Christchurch And obviously my kids aren't going to be with me but they're here now So let me introduce you to my beautiful Tristan, 9 months old Crawling around like a madman and you've got a little bit of a snotty nose Which I'm going to have to sort out but aren't you beautiful, eh? You're a beautiful girl And over here we've got at 2 years old just my other beautiful daughter Tate Say hello, hey and she is watching, what are you watching? Blippy Which is her favourite cartoon And what else do you want to say? Can you count to 10? 1 3 No, 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 6 5 What's that? 9 Ok, that was funny That's the thing you've got to watch with giving your phone to these guys Who knows where they'll end up but anyway, here you go Keep counting 4 4 5 6 7 7 8 9 9 10 11 13 12 18 Yep, 15 She goes 11 13 13 18 15 We haven't really got to the teens yet but anyways guys Yeah, there's a massive coffee stain on the blanket too Basically, today is a pretty crazy day because literally there is nothing in my apartment I've just sold for the second time everything I own In fact last time I didn't sell absolutely everything I took a lot with me, in fact I packed out a whole Holden Berina Full of my shit, took it to Cannes, came back And here we are on my second to last day here in Alice Springs I've just sold the second to last piece of furniture that I'm getting rid of Most of this stuff is either going to the op shop or it's coming with me Believe it or not, I've got one last time Ok, yep Title of this video is I've just sold everything I own Or I've just, I've just, again, in brackets again I've just sold everything I own And that's exactly what I've done So last time I packed out a whole card, this time I am travelling internationally and so I've got one bag, one suitcase And my pads and helmet from the Monash Warriors Which, if anyone from the Monash Warriors sees this video, I apologise man You guys asked for your helmet and pads back like six months ago I said I'd get them to you We'll get them back to you but I am still using them So I'm going to take them on the plane with me Anyways, Tate, what are you doing? Using the broom What colour is it? Green Green Do you want to go outside?   Can you wipe your sister's nose? Please Ok, your nose too Blow Good girl Would you like to watch them blippy? Take that shoe out And replace it with this Just a look Let's see This is her latest trick It's the ability to grab the dummy And put it straight in the mouth Not even looking So let's see Hey she got it Oh no, she realizes it's backwards Twist it around Some trouble I absolutely jinxed you I'm really sorry Let's try again Tristan Is that what you think? Love you girls Should we go see upstairs? No you don't want that Keep that in there Let's show the one upstairs Do we need to change an epi? No Are you sure? Ok, we'll do it when we get downstairs Let's go up and show everybody There's nothing up there What's upstairs? Daddy's bed? Let's see So originally I was renting this furnished Was able to secure a good rental return finally This has been empty for six weeks And it's just cost me a lot of money At the end of the day we've got a 12 month tenant And at the last minute they told me That they wanted all the furniture out So that's what I've been doing for the past week I haven't been able to book a ticket back One because of coronavirus And two because I don't exactly know When we're gonna When I was going to be able to leave So anyway, there's nothing here Hey, where's your window? Let's look out Tate's window In the other room Here we go Perfect guys What's down there? Pool What colour is it? Blue And can you see What else can you see? White White what? Roof? Roof Watch out Let's put your sister down I'll see you though Right So yeah, that was actually the second bedroom This is the plus one That's a mezzanine floor down to the bottom Don't show your sister in there Tell her to come into Dad's room Let's check out Dad's bedroom for the last time This is and was my bedroom for many many years I bought this unit at the end of 2015 If you go back into my video library You can see I pretty much vlogged most of the journey So yeah, end of 2015 You'll see videos when I first moved in here And here we are at the start of 2020 Or a third of the way through And I'm finally leaving for the very last time I don't assume that I will move back into this place now Every other time that I rented it I knew that I was coming back Because I still had a job here There's been certain circumstances Certain circumstances have a... Let me try that again Certain circumstances have arisen Over the years that have created times When I needed to rent this But I'm doing this now to completely clear my head Of everything to do with this town And I'm moving back to Christchurch with zero regrets And that's probably one of the main things That we need to have When we're going into any new situation Is a feeling of no regrets Otherwise you'll still be tied down To that place that you've just left And up to this point I've always felt like that Mainly because I've still had a job here I worked as a disability support worker And then a shift supervisor for the last six and a half years With the Northern Territory Government That employment has come to a finish I finally decided that My happiness was more important than money And I absolutely adore my children I absolutely love them But for the next few months They'll be in their lives And that's something I have to deal with And that's something, you know that It's just the way it is Next time I see these kids They'll be in Rockhampton And I don't know when that will be But surely it won't be too long But with this coronavirus I don't know what's happening Hey, give me a cuddle Give me a cuddle Love you We got it on camera Gotcha Gotcha Anyways guys Anyways, let's go downstairs I'm gonna have to I'm not gonna be able to do this Because Tate, if I let Tate Go on her own Towards the stairs It just gives me a heart attack Every single time When she's eating stuff The thought of her choking The thought of her falling downstairs The thought of her bashing her head on anything Just scares the living day like that So going downstairs You're crazy Steps You're saying depths But it's steps, isn't it You wanna go down the steps Okay Well, I need to hold your hand And I need to hold Tristan in the other hand So that means We're gonna have to put the camera down Can you count to ten? One Yeah Two Yeah Three Four Yeah Five Six Seven Eight Nine Ten Eleven Eighteen Nine High five Knuckles Kiss Kiss please And we're gone Okay, so I'll see you guys Either tomorrow or the next day I'm going back to Christchurch These kids don't know it yet It's fucking heartbreaking But it is what it is Hey Because we sacrifice To create a better life in the future For these guys And that's what I've been doing The last two years And that's what I continue to do I've got to be happy I've got to be happy For anything to work And that Is just the truth If I didn't tell you before I've got this hat on Because My little Darling daughter was trying it on And the only reason I've got it out Is because I'm taking you back to Christchurch Because Christchurch Is a hell of a lot cooler Than old Alice Springs But I'm excited And before my Little angel goes off the edge I'd better Hang up the camera So once again Have a fantastic day And I'll see you guys in Christchurch Peace out Tate wants to Leave us with a final message No, don't worry about that Just Say something What? What?  Where is she? Where is that beautiful smile? You're going to have to take your hand off of it See, that's your hand right there What do you want to say to the YouTube viewers at home? How's life? Is life good? How is it living with Sissy? Do you like living with Sissy? You love your Sissy? Love Love her? Tate And what's your name? Tate That's exactly right I knocked that over Okay, well, now what? Do you want to get down?  That would be amazing You're going to be good for mum, okay? Be good for mum Love you My one true first love You are? And Tristan's my second true love True love Hey You really are, okay? We've lost Tate There she is Has anyone seen Tate? Where is she? I wonder where she is I wonder where she is


Hey everyone it's Kendra from Six Sisters Stuff and today we have a special guest with us, my husband. Hello everyone. And it's a little bit stormy out today and so we thought what better thing to cook on a rainy day than some chocolate chip cookies. And so today for date night we're making a Pizuki but before we get started don't forget to subscribe. Let's get cooking. We're going to start with a half cup of butter softened at one egg, one third cup of sugar, and one third cup of ground sugar. And we're just going to mix until that's fully combined. And then we're going to add half a teaspoon of vanilla extract, one two-thirds cup of all-purpose flour, and then a half teaspoon of baking soda and a half teaspoon of salt. And you're just going to mix this until it's fully combined and then you can use your hands if you need to taste here. And once it's done stirring you're going to set it aside and take your eight inch dish. You can use a pie crust dish or cast iron skillet, anything you have. And then you're just going to press that into the pan and then you're going to add your chocolate chips and press those in as well. And then you're going to bake it at 350 degrees for about eight to 10 minutes and it will be really gooey and underdone but that's how you want it. Then you're just going to take your favorite type of ice cream and put some scoops on top. And then you're going to drizzle it with caramel or chocolate or any of your favorite ice cream toppings.


Right, I am down here at Conway Golf Club with the Average Golf Pro. Me and Lewis are going to film a very quick video around here very, very shortly, but a big announcement to make and something that I've been wanting to tell you for quite some time. I've leaked a few bits on social media, but we're going to be hosting on September the 23rd. We're going to look to crown the average golfer of 2019 and it's going to be right here at Conway Golf Club. Right, okay, how does this course look from up in the sky and believe me, this is a top, top venue. It may be the average golfer 2019, and we're looking to crown, but the course itself is far from average. It's the classic links tracks and you're going to absolutely love this place. Anyway, onto the competition itself. Let me give you some details, first of all, about how to enter. So you can enter via the link that I'm going to throw below in the description box. You can also enter via toupload.co.uk and it's straightforward from their homepage. It's an individual stable for the competition and it's 55 pound a man to enter. But the prizes and who's providing them, we've got the support of Taylor Made Golf. They're the title sponsor for the event. They're going to provide some fantastic prizes which I'll tell you about later on in the video, the first, second and third prize. We're going to be supporting a major charity and we're also going to be, the first prize is also supported by a major European destination in terms of a golf course. It's unreal. I can't believe they've got involved. So somebody on September 23rd, is going to lift a trophy aloft on that balcony behind me. I hope it's sunny like this. I'm going to crown the average golf for 2019, but it's a little bit more information about what you can expect from the day. Right, so as well as myself and Lewis will be grafting on the day to make sure you're all taken care of. We've had confirmation of a number of fellow YouTubers that will also be attending the day and they're on the star sheet. So time to get serious just for a minute or two because I want to talk about the charity that we're all going to be supporting on the day. The name of the charity is Calm which is a campaign against living miserably. It's to help assist men's mental health problems. Real horrible statistics which I don't like at all is that the biggest killer in the UK and men under 45 at the moment is suicide. That's a really horrible statistic.  So that's your input straight away before we even see off. You are supporting that very important charity. So we sat on these steps probably maybe six months ago now and the idea was was to put something on by where we could get a bit more involvement with the people who watch the channel. Yeah, so it kind of evolved from a bit of a gamer golf to well, how do we get more people involved and let's run a golf date, didn't it? Yeah, and this has been planned for, I think like I said, it was Jan February when I started talking to Conway and you know about the partnership that I've managed to get with them. They really that the idea of sort of hosting this event. Like I said, I can't say how good this venue is. Bring a few balls. I hope the sun's shining, but there'll be a bit of wind. It's a great links track. But yeah, the idea was we're going to have 150 people, 150 average golfers. Someone is going to walk away with a pretty special prize as well. Are you going to do the big announcements? All right, I think it's somewhere close to, you love it there, don't you? Yeah, I've done a video there very recently. So we've got, as part of first prize, this is only a part of first prize, is Royal Bled in Slovenia have donated a three night stay. Now it's a package stay. It's for two people and it's unreal. Go and watch the video if you've not already and you'll find out what my opinion is of Royal Bled. And you're going to get to play there for three days. It's unlimited golf. It's unlimited practice facilities. It's all the rest of you, just have a read of that. But it's an unreal donation and it's an unreal first prize. But it doesn't end there. You also get the same driver that's in the bag of the average golf pro. Are you going to... I said TaylorMade. TaylorMade. TaylorMade is supporting it. TaylorMade are putting up an M5, which you can come and get fitted at four golf. Yes, if you want. Yeah, yeah, yeah. You can choose that option as well. Yeah, yeah, yeah. So we, that's a junk for, I mean, some... The junk first prize, unreal. There was an idea to maybe split it all up. I'm going to make an unreal first prize for the winner. We've then got in second prize, and again, these are all courtesy of TaylorMade golf. So we've got, the driver is really going to be a driver of choice, I think. We'll see what we end up with there in terms of what is the best option. Maybe you can choose yourselves. You've then got two wedges from TaylorMade at second prize. And you've got third prize is going to be one of their bags. But there's going to be plenty of other bits and pieces as well along the, through the day. Obviously we'll do the obligatory nearest to pin competitions and whatever else we decide to throw in for a bit of fun. I'm going to make one massive stipulation. This is all going to be about ready golf. You know that a massive bug bearer mine is slow golf and slow golf for the day like this is going to drive me mad. So the only thing you've got to do, there's no tick box on the entry form, but you've got to agree now before you sign up, that you agree to play ready golf and we try and get this round in and we're all having a good bit of fun. We all take it seriously enough, but we all get to that 18th green or 19th green and we've all enjoyed ourselves. I don't think there's a great deal more to say, is there? No, no, we covered it. And you've got to enjoy the day. Well, it's going to be a great day. We'll be here. We'll have the full team, aren't we? It'll be a full team. We're going to really look after you for the day. It's going to be plenty of fun. And a big bit that I haven't mentioned, we're going to film it. So it's your opportunity to get your shots on camera. So get practicing. Last bit, which I suppose is really important, is how to enter. So you enter via a link. I'm going to put below in the description, but basically, that's going to be the Tuplo website. That's T-W-E-U-P-L-O. It's very clear there. It's on the home page. How to enter. Like I said, it's 55 pound. I would ask that you pay in advance. You've got to pay when you make your entrance. We've got tea time from 10, sort of through until three-ish. And we're trying to cater for everyone. Believe me, the interest I had so far with the pre-releases I put out onto social media was this is going to sell out very, very quickly. It's not a sales spiel. All I'm just going to say is it's going to be perhaps a lot of disappointed golfers if you don't get there quick. Anyway, like I said, it's some kind of payback for everything that's been given in terms of your audience participation over the last few years. And a few years, we'll get to enjoy that day anyway. We're going to crack on a year. We're in the middle of filming a video. There's going to be plenty more from Conway Golf Club between now and September the 23rd to get you to wet the appetite. And I hope on the day it's like this. It's sunny with a bit of breeze, a bit of long rope and you get a proper links experience. Right, I'm off for a pint. You have a moment, sounds good.


Congratulations to all Navy Reserve and full-time support chiefs and senior chiefs selected for advancement. Check out All Hands magazine online for a full list of selectees. Secretary of the Navy Ray Mavis recently directed that brighter, longer-lasting and more energy-efficient lighting be installed in all U.S. Navy ships. These new LED lights are designed to help increase ships' time on station, decrease time spent on maintenance, and prevent shipboard injuries. The 50th annual Navy League Sea Air Space Expo wrapped up. If you didn't make it to the Expo, be sure to check out their website. And finally, Navy contributions to the Doolittle Raid were honored during a ceremony at the U.S. Capitol's Russell Senate Office Building. For these stories and more, visit Navy.mil.


In the fall of 2012, Jim Osier came to me and said you ought to go look at Princeton. I saw a town that was growing and I thought there's no way we can not have a good United Methodist Wesleyan presence here in Princeton. Well, it was a long journey actually, but a short phone call from Jim Osier. Jim called one day and said this church became open and would I be interested? And I said, I don't even have to talk to my husband about it, that would be perfect. And we put the original worship service in a cafeteria over there in the school. We had the trailers. So I got there early and they pulled in the trailers and started unloading. And I thought, oh my goodness, what is all of this? From the church we were coming from, it was very traditional, the hymnals, the robes. That's what I was used to when I first visited at the school. I was like, that's not how churches are supposed to be. The men were unloading, pushing these big black boxes and then they got everything set up and then all went to change their clothes because they were hot and sweaty. The setup time was wearing out our volunteers. They were getting tired. So we found this opportunity to go into downtown Princeton, a barbecue place that had closed. We had rented in this same center several months before and the barbecue place that was in here, the owner, we were really good friends and he came in one evening and he said, don't tell anybody, but we're going to close down the barbecue place. And so we literally came down here and moved tables out of the way and lined up chairs and tried to calculate how many seats we could get in here if it would even work and we took that risk and it has really been great. It's been really great. It's a much smaller space but it's warm, it's inviting, it has character. Our primary challenge right now, there is the issue of capacity. You sit there, you forget that it used to be a barbecue place because to me it is a church and I wouldn't have it any other way. So the biggest thing on my heart was that the people here needed to own the church. I don't mean the building, having a deed, but I mean to buy into, this was their church. We had to make that pivot. When it was set up, take down at the school, their responsibility was done. It was packed back up, put in a trailer, drove off to storage and then the rest of their week was the same. So to get a space to start Midwit Bible Studies, to start a youth group, to do all of those things was a huge pivot. Everybody wants and needs something that is transcendent in their lives about which they can be passionate and being creative and innovative in terms of providing a ministry like that I think can be really important and life changing for our community, for a church and for an individual. It's not just about church, it's not just about attending worship but growing as a disciple. I think we're still adapting, I think we're still trying to hear and to learn what makes us unique, what is it that people need. Everyone in the city knows Kathy. They honestly know Kathy will do anything for anyone and she's probably about the first person anyone calls at the city if we need something. This is a place where everyone is welcome. You may not agree with us, you may not agree with our theology or some doctrines. When you come here, you're loved and accepted and I say that every week to remind people that we've got to be loving and accepting and I think that makes us unique in this town. I served a little town called Frisco in 1975 when the population was 1800 and so that was a huge model for me as I conceptualized what was taking place in Princeton. I've seen Frisco grow from a population of 1800 with a little tiny Methodist church to the huge city that it is now and I thought that's what's taking place in Princeton.


That's it, don't forget that, you'll change your tempo, good triggers, good trough, good, you'll change your tempo, good mate, nice, that's it, sorry, do you have yet, you'll change. Two, one, yep, nice trap, good, good you, low intensity, low intensity, anything you want on the way back, see me, see me, nice trap, yes mate, good, good, calm, calm, terrific, terrific, that's a great set Trevor, yeah I love it, it's a great set mate, he's actually a nice.


3. It is as I foreboded. The presage with which I was visited was prophetic. I am now to record a new and terrible revolution of my fortune and my mind. Having made experiment of various situations with one uniform result, I at length determined to remove myself, if possible, from the reach of my persecutor, by going into voluntary banishment from my native soil. This was my last resource for tranquillity, for honest fame, for those privileges to which human life is indebted for the whole of its value. In some distant climate, said I, surely I may find that security which is necessary to persevering pursuit. Surely I may lift my head erect, associate with men upon the footing of a man, acquire connections and preserve them. It is inconceivable with what ardent teachings of the soul I aspired to this termination. This last consolation was denied me by the inexorable Falkland. At the time the project was formed I was at no great distance from the east coast of the island, and I resolved to take ship at Harwich and pass immediately into Holland. I accordingly repaired to that place and went, almost as soon as I arrived, to the port. But there was no vessel perfectly ready to sail. I left the port and withdrew to an inn, where, after some time, I retired to a chamber. I was scarcely there before the door of the room was opened, and the man whose countenance was the most hateful to my eyes, Jines, entered the apartment.  Youngster, said he, I have a little private intelligence to communicate to you. I come as a friend, and that I may save you a labour in vain trouble. If you consider what I have to say in that light, it will be the better for you. It is my business now, do you see, for want of a better, to see that you do not break out of bounds. Not that I much matter having one man for my employer or dancing attendance after another's heels, but I have special kindness for you, for some good turns that you want of, and therefore I do not stand upon ceremonies. You have led me a very pretty round already, and out of the love I bear you, you shall lead me as much further, if you will. But beware the salt seas, they are out of my orders. You are a prisoner at present, and I believe all your life will remain so. Thanks to the milk and water softness of your former master. If I had the ordering of these things it should go with you in another fashion. As long as you think proper you are a prisoner within the rules, and the rules with which the soft-hearted squire indulges you, are all England, Scotland, and Wales. But you are not to go out of these climates. The squire is determined you shall never pass the reach of his disposal. He has therefore given orders that, whenever you attempt so to do, you shall be converted from a prisoner at large to a prisoner in good earnest. A friend of mine followed you just now to the harbour, I was within call, and if there had been any appearance of your setting your foot from land, we should have been with you in a trice, and laid you fast by the heels. I would advise you for the future to keep at a proper distance from the sea, for fear of the worst. You see, I tell you all this for your good. For my part I should be better satisfied if you were in limbo with a rope about your neck, and a comfortable bird's-eye prospect to the gallows, but I do as I am directed. And so good-night to you. The intelligence thus conveyed to me occasioned an instantaneous revolution in both my internal intellectual and animal system. I disdained to answer, or take the smallest notice of the fiend by whom it was delivered. It is now three days since I received it, and from that moment to the present my blood has been in a perpetual ferment. My thoughts wander from one idea of horror to another, with incredible rapidity. I have had no sleep. I have scarcely remained in one posture for a minute together. It has been with the utmost difficulty that I have been able to command myself far enough to add a few pages to my story. But, uncertain as I am of the events of each succeeding hour, I determined to force myself to the performance of this task. All is not right within me. How will it terminate, God knows. I sometimes fear that I shall be wholly deserted of my reason. What! Dark, mysterious, unfeeling, unrelenting tyrant! Is it come to this? When Nero and Caligula swayed the Roman scepter, it was a fearful thing to offend these bloody rulers. The empire had already spread itself from climate to climate and from sea to sea. If their unhappy victim fled to the rising of the sun, where the luminary of day seems to us first to ascend from the waves of the ocean, the power of the tyrant was still behind him. If he withdrew to the west to Hesperian darkness and the shores of Barbarian Thule, still he was not safe from his gored-wrenched foe, Falkland. Part thou the offspring in whom the lineaments of these tyrants are faithfully preserved? Was the world with all its climates made in vain for thy helpless, unoffending victim? Tremble. Tyrants have trembled, surrounded with whole armies of their Janissaries. What should make thee inaccessible to my fury? No, I will use no daggers. I will unfold a tale. I will show thee to the world for what thou art, and all the men that live shall confess my truth. Didst thou imagine that I was altogether passive, a mere worm, organized to feel sensations of pain, but no emotion of resentment? Didst thou imagine that there was no danger in inflicting on me pains, however great, miseries, however dreadful? Didst thou believe me impotent, imbecile, and idiot-like, with no understanding to contrive thy ruin and no energy to perpetrate it? I will tell a tale. The justice of the country shall hear me. The elements of nature in universal uproar shall not interrupt me. I will speak with a voice more fearful than thunder. Why should I be supposed to speak from any dishonorable motive? I am under no prosecution now. I shall not now appear to be endeavouring to remove a criminal indictment from myself by throwing it back on its author. Shall I regret the ruin that will overwhelm thee? Too long have I been tender-hearted and forbearing. What benefit has ever resulted from my mistake in clemency? There is no evil thou hast scrupled to accumulate upon me. Neither will I be more scrupulous. Thou hast shown no mercy and thou shalt receive none. I must be calm, bold as a lion, yet collected. This is a moment pregnant with fate. I know, I think I know, that I will be triumphant and crush my seemingly omnipotent foe. But, should it be otherwise, at least he shall not be every way successful. His fame shall not be immortal as he thinks. These papers shall preserve the truth. They shall one day be published, and then the world shall do justice on us both. Recollecting that, I shall not die wholly without consolation. It is not to be endured that falsehood and tyranny should reign for ever. How impotent are the precautions of man against the eternally existing laws of the intellectual world! This falclant has invented against me every species of foul accusation. He has hunted me from city to city. He has drawn his lines of circumvalation round me, that I may not escape. He has kept his centres of human prey for ever at my heels. He may hunt me out of the world, in vain. With this engine, this little pen, I defeat all his machinations. I stab him in the very point he was most solicitous to defend. Colens! I now address myself to you. I have consented that you should yield me no assistance in my present, terrible situation. I am content to die rather than to do anything injurious to your tranquility. But remember you are my father still. I conjure you by all the love you ever bore me, by the benefits you have conferred on me, by the forbearance and kindness towards you that now penetrates my soul, by my innocence. For if these be the last words I shall ever write, I die protesting my innocence. By all these, or whatever tie more sacred has influence on your soul, I conjure you. Listen to my last request. Preserve these papers from destruction, and preserve them from falclant. It is all I ask. I have taken care to provide a safe mode of conveying them into your possession, and I have a firm confidence, which I will not suffer to depart from me, that they will one day find their way to the public. The pen lingers in my trembling fingers. Is there anything I have left unsaid? The contents of the fatal trunk, from which all my misfortunes originated, I have never been able to ascertain. I once thought it contained some murderous instrument, or relic, connected with the fate of the unhappy Tyrell. I am now persuaded that the secret it encloses is a faithful narrative of that, and its concomitant transactions, written by Mr. Falkland, and reserved in case of the worst, that if by any unforeseen event his guilt should come to be fully disclosed, it might contribute to redeem the wreck of his reputation. But the truth or the falsehood of this conjecture is of little moment. If Falkland shall never be detected to the satisfaction of the world, such a narrative will probably never see the light. In that case this story of mine may amply, severely perhaps, supply its place. I know not what it is that renders me thus solemn. I have a secret foreboding, as if I should never again be master of myself. If I succeed in what I now meditate, respecting Falkland, my precaution in the disposal of these papers will have been unnecessary. I shall no longer be reduced to artifice and evasion. If I fail, the precaution will appear to have been wisely chosen. I have carried into execution my meditated attempt. My situation is totally changed. I now sit down to give an account of it. For several weeks after the completion of this dreadful business my mind was in too tumultuous a state to permit me to write. I think I shall now be able to arrange my thoughts sufficiently for that purpose. Great God! How wondrous, how terrible are the events that have intervened since I was last employed in a similar manner. It is no wonder that my thoughts were solemn and my mind filled with horrible forebodings. Having formed my resolution I set out from Harwich for the metropolitan town of the county in which Mr. Falkland resided. Jines, I well knew, was in my rear. That was of no consequence to me. He might wonder at the direction I pursued, but he could not tell with what purpose I pursued it. My design was a secret carefully locked up in my own breast. It was not without a sentiment of terror that I entered a town which had been the scene of my long imprisonment. I proceeded to the house of the Chief Magistrate, the instant I arrived, that I might give no time to my adversary to counter-work my proceeding. I told him who I was, and that I was come from a distant part of the kingdom for the purpose of rendering him the medium of a charge of murder against my former patron. My name was already familiar to him. He answered that he could not take cognizance of my deposition, that I was an object of universal execration in that part of the world, and he was determined upon no account to be the vehicle of my depravity. I warned him to consider well what he was doing. I called upon him for no favour. I only applied to him in the regular exercise of his function. Would he take upon him to say that he had a right, at his pleasure, to suppress a charge of this complicated nature? I had to accuse Mr. Falkland of repeated murders. The perpetrator knew that I was in possession of the truth upon the subject, and knowing that I went perpetually in danger of my life from his malice and revenge. I was resolved to go through with the business if justice were to be obtained from any court in England. Upon what pretense did he refuse my deposition? I was in every respect a competent witness. I was of age to understand the nature of an oath. I was in my perfect senses. I was untarnished by the verdict of any jury or the sentence of any judge. His private opinion of my character could not alter the law of the land. I demanded to be confronted with Mr. Falkland, and I was well assured I should substantiate the charge to the satisfaction of the whole world. If he did not think proper to apprehend him upon my single testimony, I should be satisfied if he only sent him notice of the charge, and summoned him to appear. The magistrate, finding me thus resolute, thought proper a little to lower his tone. He no longer absolutely refused to comply with my requisition, but condescended to expostulate with me. He represented to me Mr. Falkland's health, which had for some years been exceedingly indifferent. His having been once already brought to the most solemn examination upon this charge, the diabolical malice in which alone my proceeding must have originated, and the tenfold ruin it would bring down upon my head. To all these representations my answer was short. I was determined to go on and would abide the consequences. A summons was at length granted, and notice sent to Mr. Falkland of the charge preferred against him. Three days elapsed before any further step could be taken in this business. This interval in no degree contributed to tranquilise my mind. The thought of preferring a capital accusation against, and hastening the death of, such a man as Mr. Falkland, was by no means an opiate to reflection. At one time I commended the action, either as just revenge, for the benevolence of my nature was in a great degree turned to gall, or as necessary self-defense, or as that which, in an impartial and philanthropical estimate, included the smallest evil. At another time I was haunted with doubts, but in spite of these variations of sentiment I uniformly determined to persist. I felt as if impelled by a tide of unconquerable impulse. The consequences were such as might well uphaul the stoutest heart, either the ignominious execution of a man, whom I had once so deeply venerated, and whom now I sometimes suspected not to be without his claims to veneration, or a confirmation, perhaps an increase, of the calamities I had so long endured. Yet these I preferred to a state of uncertainty. I desired to know the worst, to put an end to the hope, however faint, which had been so long my torment, and above all to exhaust and finish the catalogue of expedience that were at my disposition. My mind was worked up to a state little short of frenzy. My body was in a burning fever with the agitation of my thoughts. When I laid my hand upon my bosom or my head it seemed to scorch them with the fervency of its heat. I could not sit still for a moment. I panted with incessant desire that the dreadful crisis I had so eagerly invoked were come, and were over. After an interval of three days I met Mr. Falkland in the presence of the magistrate to whom I had applied upon the subject. I had only two hours' notice to prepare myself. Mr. Falkland, seeming as eager as I to have the question brought to a crisis and laid at rest for ever. I had an opportunity, before the examination, to learn that Mr. Forester was drawn by some business on an excursion on the Continent, and that Collins, whose health when I saw him was in a very precarious state, was at this time confined with an alarming illness. His constitution had been wholly broken by his West Indian expedition. The audience I met at the House of the Magistrate consisted of several gentlemen and others selected for the purpose. The plan being, in some respects, as in the former instance, to find a medium between the suspicious air of a private examination and the indelicacy, as it was styled, of an examination exposed to the remark of every casual spectator. I can conceive of no shock greater than that I received from the sight of Mr. Falkland. His appearance on the last occasion on which we met had been haggard, ghostlike, and wild energy in his gestures and frenzy in his aspect. It was now the appearance of a corpse. He was brought in in a chair, unable to stand, fatigued, and almost destroyed by the journey he had just taken. His visage was colourless, his limbs destitute of motion, almost of life. His head reclined upon his bosom, except that now and then he lifted it up and opened his eyes with a languid glance, immediately after which he sunk back into his former apparent insensibility. He seemed not to have three hours to live. He had kept his chamber for several weeks, but the summons of the magistrate had been delivered to him at his bedside, his orders respecting letters and written papers being so peremptory that no one dared to disobey them. Upon reading the paper he was seized with a very dangerous fit, but as soon as he recovered he insisted upon being conveyed, with all practicable expedition, to the place of appointment. Falkland, in the most helpless state, was still Falkland, firm in command, and capable to extort obedience from every one that approached him.  Till the moment that Falkland was presented to my view, my breast was steeled to pity. I thought that I had coolly entered into the reason of the case. Passion in a state of solemn and omnipotent vehemence always appears to be coolness to him in whom it domineers, and that I had determined impartially and justly. I believed that, if Mr. Falkland were permitted to persist in his schemes, we must both of us be completely wretched. I believed that it was in my power, by the resolution I had formed, to throw my share of this wretchedness from me, and that his could scarcely be increased. It appeared therefore to my mind to be a mere piece of equity and justice, such as an impartial spectator would desire, that one person should be miserable in preference to two, that one person, rather than two, should be incapacitated from acting his part, and contributing his share to the general welfare. I thought that in this business I had risen superior to personal considerations, and judged with a total neglect of the suggestions of self-regard. It is true Mr. Falkland was mortal, but not withstanding his apparent decay he might live long. Aught I to submit to waste the best years of my life in my present wretched situation? He had declared that his reputation should be for ever inviolate. This was his ruling passion, the thought that worked his soul to madness. He would probably therefore leave a legacy of persecution to be received by me from the hands of Jines, or some other villain equally atrocious, when he should himself be no more. Now or never was the time for me to redeem my future life from endless woe. But all these fine-spun reasonings vanished before the object that was now presented to me. Shall I trample upon a man thus dreadfully reduced? Shall I point my animosity against one whom the system of nature has brought down to the grave? Shall I poison with sounds the most intolerable to his ears the last moments of a man like Falkland? It is impossible. There must have been some dreadful mistake in the train of argument that persuaded me to be the author of this hateful scene. There must have been a better and more magnanimous remedy to the evils under which I groaned. It was too late. The mistake I had committed was now gone past all power of recall. Here was Falkland, solemnly brought before a magistrate to answer to a charge of murder. Here I stood, having already declared myself the author of the charge, gravely and sacredly pledged to support it. This was my situation, and thus situated I was called upon immediately to act. My whole frame shook. I would eagerly have consented that that moment should have been the last of my existence. I, however, believed that the conduct now most indispensable incumbent on me was to lay the emotions of my soul naked before my hearers. I looked first at Mr. Falkland, and then at the magistrate and attendance, and then at Mr. Falkland again. My voice was suffocated with agony. I began. Why cannot I recall the last four days of my life? How was it possible for me to be so eager, so obstinate, in a purpose so diabolical? Oh, that I had listened to the expostulations of the magistrate that hears me, or submitted to the well-meant despotism of his authority. Hitherto I have been only miserable. Henceforth I shall account myself base. Hitherto, though hardly treated by mankind, I stood acquitted at the bar of my own conscience. I had not filled up the measure of my wretchedness. Would to God it were possible for me to retire from this scene without uttering another word. I would brave the consequences. I would submit to any imputation of cowardice, falsehood, and profligacy, rather than add to the weight of misfortune with which Mr. Falkland is overwhelmed. But the situation and the demands of Mr. Falkland himself forbid me. He, in compassion for whose fallen state I would willingly forget every interest of my own, would compel me to accuse that he might enter upon his justification. I will confess every sentiment of my heart. No penitence, no anguish can expiate the folly and the cruelty of this last act I have perpetrated. But Mr. Falkland well knows, I affirm it in his presence, how unwillingly I have proceeded to this extremity. I have reverenced him. He was worthy of reverence. I have loved him. He was endowed with qualities that partook of divine. From the first moment I saw him I conceived the most ardent admiration. He condescended to encourage me. I attached myself to him with the fullness of my affection. He was unhappy. I exerted myself with youthful curiosity to discover the secret of his woe. This was the beginning of misfortune. What shall I say? He was indeed the murderer of Tyrell. He suffered the Hawkins' is to be executed, knowing that they were innocent, and that he alone was guilty. After successive surmises, after various indiscretions on my part and indications on his, he at length confided to me at full the fatal tale. Mr. Falkland, I most solemnly conjure you to recollect yourself. Did I ever prove myself unworthy of your confidence? The secret was a most painful burden to me. It was the extremest folly that led me unthinkingly to gain possession of it. But I would have died a thousand deaths rather than betray it. It was the jealousy of your own thoughts and the weight that hung upon your mind that led you to watch my motions, and to conceive alarm from every particle of my conduct. You began in confidence. Why did you not continue in confidence? The evil that resulted from my original imprudence would then have been comparatively little. You threatened me. Did I then betray you? A word from my lips at that time would have freed me from your threats for ever. I bore them for a considerable period. And at last quitted your service, and threw myself a fugitive upon the world, in silence. Why did you not suffer me to depart? You brought me back by stratagem and violence, and wantonly accused me of an enormous felony. Did I then mention a syllable of the murder, the secret of which was in my possession? Where is the man that has suffered more from the injustice of society than I have done? I was accused of a villainy that my heart abhorred. I was sent to jail. I will not enumerate the horrors of my prison, the lightest of which would make the heart of humanity shudder. I looked forward to the gallows. Young, ambitious, fond of life, innocent as the child unborn, I looked forward to the gallows. I believed that one word of resolute accusation against my patron would deliver me. Yet I was silent. I armed myself with patience, uncertain whether it were better to accuse or to die. Did this show me a man unworthy to be trusted? I determined to break out of prison. With infinite difficulty, and repeated miscarriages, I at length affected my purpose. Instantly a proclamation with a hundred guineas reward was issued for apprehending me. I was obliged to take shelter among the refuse of mankind in the midst of a gang of thieves. I encountered the most imminent peril of my life when I entered this retreat, and when I quitted it. Immediately after I travelled almost the whole length of the kingdom, in poverty and distress, in hourly danger of being retaken and manacled like a felon, I would have fled my country. I was prevented. I had recourse to various disguises. I was innocent and yet was compelled to as many arts and subterfuges as could have been entailed on the worst of villains. In London I was as much harassed and as repeatedly alarmed as I had been in my flight through the country. Did all these persecutions persuade me to put an end to my silence? No. I suffered them with patience and submission. I did not make one attempt to retort them upon their author. I fell at last into the hands of the miscreants that are nourished with human blood. In this terrible situation I, for the first time, attempted, by turning informer, to throw the weight from myself. Happily for me the London Magistrate listened to my tale with insolent contempt. I soon and long repented of my rashness and rejoiced in my miscarriage. I acknowledged that in various ways Mr. Falkland showed humanity towards me during this period. He would have prevented my going to prison at first. He contributed towards my subsistence during my detention. He had no share in the pursuit that had been set on foot against me. He at length procured my discharge when brought forward for trial. But a great part of his forbearance was unknown to me. I supposed him to be my unrelenting pursuer. I could not forget that whoever heaped calamities on me in the sequel, they all originated in his forged accusation. The prosecution against me for felony was now at an end. Why were not my sufferings permitted to terminate then? And I allowed to hide my weary head in some obscure yet tranquil retreat. Had I not sufficiently proved my constancy and fidelity? Would not a compromise in this situation have been most wise and most secure? But the restless and jealous anxiety of Mr. Falkland would not permit him to repose the least atom of confidence. The only compromise that he proposed was that, with my own hand, I should sign myself a villain. I refused this proposal, and have ever since been driven from place to place, deprived of peace, of honest fame, even of bread. For a long time I persisted in the resolution that no emergency should convert me into the assailant. In an evil hour I at last listened to my resentment and impatience, and the hateful mistake into which I fell has produced the present scene. I now see that mistake in all its enormity. I am sure that if I had opened my heart to Mr. Falkland, if I had told to him privately the tale that I have now been telling, he could not have resisted my reasonable demand. After all his precautions, he must ultimately have depended upon my forbearance. Could he be sure that, if I were at last worked up to disclose everything I knew, and to enforce it with all the energy I could exert, I should obtain no credit? If he must in every case be at my mercy, in which mode ought he to have sought his safety, in conciliation, or in inexorable cruelty? Mr. Falkland is of a noble nature. Yes, in spite of the catastrophe of Tyrell, of the miserable end of the Hawkinses, and of all that I have myself suffered, I affirm that he has qualities of the most admirable kind. It is therefore impossible that he could have resisted a frank and fervent expostulation, the frankness and the fervor in which the whole soul is poured out. I despaired while it was yet time to have made the just experiment, but my despair was criminal, was treason against the sovereignty of truth. I have told a plain and unadulterated tale. I came hither to curse, but I remain to bless. I came to accuse, but am compelled to applaud. I proclaim to all the world that Mr. Falkland is a man worthy of affection and kindness, and that I am myself the basest and most odious of mankind. Never will I forgive myself the iniquity of this day. The memory will always haunt me, and embitter every hour of my existence. In thus acting I have been a murderer. A cool, deliberate, unfeeling murderer. I have said what my accursed precipitation has obliged me to say. Do with me as you please, I ask no favour. Death would be a kindness compared to what I feel. Such were the accents dictated by my remorse. I poured them out with uncontrollable impetuosity, for my heart was pierced, and I was compelled to give vent to its anguish. Every one that heard me was petrified with astonishment. Every one that heard me was melted into tears. They could not resist the ardour with which I praised the great qualities of Falkland. They manifested their sympathy in the tokens of my penitence. How shall I describe the feelings of this unfortunate man? Before I began he seemed sunk and debilitated, incapable of any strenuous impression. When I mentioned the murder I could perceive in him an involuntary shuddering, though it was counteracted partly by the feebleness of his frame, and partly by the energy of his mind. This was an allegation he expected, and he had endeavored to prepare himself for it. But there was much of what I said, of which he had had no previous conception. When I expressed the anguish of my mind he seemed at first startled and alarmed, lest this should be a new expedient to gain credit to my tale. His indignation against me was great for having retained all my resentment towards him, thus as it might be to the last hour of his existence. It was increased when he discovered me, as he supposed, using a pretense of liberality and sentiment to give new edge to my hostility. But as I went on he could no longer resist. He saw my sincerity. He was penetrated with my grief and compunction. He rose from his seat, supported by the attendance, and, to my infinite astonishment, threw himself into my arms. Williams said he, you have conquered. I see too late the greatness and elevation of your mind. I confess that it is to my fault and not yours that it is to the excessive jealousy that was ever burning in my bosom that I owe my ruin. I could have resisted any plan of malicious accusation you might have brought against me. But I see that the artless and manly story you have told has carried conviction to every hearer. All my prospects are concluded. All that I most ardently desired is forever frustrated. I have spent a life of the basest cruelty to cover one act of momentary vice, and to protect myself against the prejudices of my species. I stand now completely detected. My name will be consecrated to infamy, while your heroism, your patience, and your virtues will be forever admired. You have inflicted on me the most fatal of all mischiefs. But I bless the hand that wounds me, and now, turning to the magistrate, and now do with me as you please. I am prepared to suffer all the vengeance of the law. You cannot inflict on me more than I deserve.  I am the most excruble of all villains. I have for many years—I know not how long—dragged on a miserable existence in insupportable pain. I am at last in recompense for all my labours and my crimes. Dismissed from it with the disappointment of my only remaining hope, the destruction of that, for the sake of which alone I consented to exist. It was worthy of such a life that it should continue just long enough to witness this final overthrow. If, however, you wish to punish me, you must be speedy in your justice. For, as reputation was the blood that warmed my heart, so I feel that death and infamy must seize me together. I record the praises bestowed on me by Falkland, not because I deserved them, but because they serve to aggravate the baseness of my cruelty. He survived this dreadful scene but three days. I have been his murderer.  It would have been merciful in comparison if I had planted a dagger in his heart. He would have thanked me for my kindness. But atrocious, excruble wretch that I have been. I wantonly inflicted on him an anguish a thousand times worse than death. Meanwhile, I endure the penalty of my crime. His figure is ever in imagination before me. Waking or sleeping, I still behold him. He seems mildly to expostulate with me for my unfeeling behaviour. I live the devoted victim of conscious reproach. Alas! I am the same Caleb Williams that, so short a time ago, boasted that however great were the calamities I endured I was still innocent. Such has been the result of a project I formed for delivering myself from the evil that had so long attended me. I thought that, if Falkland were dead, I should return once again to all that makes life worth possessing. I thought that, if the guilt of Falkland were established, fortune and the world would smile upon my efforts. Both these events are accomplished, and it is now only that I am truly miserable. Why should my reflections perpetually centre upon myself? Self, an overweening regard to which has been the source of my errors. Falkland, I will think only of thee, and from that thought will draw ever fresh nourishment for my sorrows. One generous, one disinterested tear I will consecrate to thy ashes. A nobler spirit lived not among the sons of men. Thy intellectual powers were truly sublime, and thy bosom burned with a godlike ambition.  It is a rank and rotten soil from which every finer shrub draws poison as it grows. All that, in a happier field and a purer air, would expand into virtue and germinate into usefulness, is thus concerted into henbane and deadly nightshade. Falkland, thou enteredest upon thy career with the purest and most laudable intentions, but thou imbibest the poison of chivalry with thy earliest youth, and the base and low-minded envy that met thee on thy return to thy native seats, operated with this poison to hurry thee into madness. Soon, too soon, by this fatal coincidence, were the blooming hopes of thy youth blasted for ever. From that moment thou only continuanced to live to the phantom of departed honour. From that moment thy benevolence was, in a great part, turned into rankling jealousy and inexorable precaution. Year after year didst thou spend in this miserable project of imposture, and only at last continuanced to live long enough to see by my misjudging and abhorred intervention, thy closing hope disappointed, and thy death accompanied with the foulest disgrace. I began these memoirs with the idea of vindicating my character. I have now no character that I wish to vindicate, but I will finish them, that thy story may be fully understood, and that, if those errors of thy life be known which thou so ardently desiredest to conceal, the world may at least not hear and repeat a half-told and mangled tale. The End


Welcome back everyone to SuperCloud Six, the AI innovators segment. We're going to be doing this again on the 19th this month as an addendum. We're probably doing a lot more. There's a lot of AI innovation out there. The world is changing. Obviously the infrastructure, the software layers, abstractions, and of course the applications are all being refactored, reset. And our next guest is the CEO of Neo4j, Chandra Rangan, who's here, former Google, but knows a little bit about what's going on in the cloud and also with graph databases and a lot more Neo4j is doing great. We just had you guys on theCUBE recently. Thank you, John, for having me here. So one of the things we're excited about is that we've been chronicled in the whole cloud revolution where he went from there is not one database that's going to rule the world and Andy Jassy saying, hey, everyone's going to move their data center to the cloud and then he walked that back. But now I think it's pretty much well understood that cloud operations is going to be the normal. So you get public cloud, you get on-premise edge and super edge, intelligent edge, it's a device or whatever. This is the new distributed computing paradigm and this is what's going on. Now you add generative AI to the mix, it makes the data more valuable. So databases become pletiful.  All this has to work together. You guys are in the middle of it Neo4j. How do you see the market evolving with generative AI? Because this is a key part. You guys are part of that. The knowledge graphs hot, what's your take? Yeah, so generative AI has made a huge, huge difference and one of the differences it has made is that I don't need to build my own models anymore. I can use a general purpose model and then use that to build an application around it. And so the conversation then shifts from, hey, how do I build the best model? And that's an important conversation. It's happening with a few vendors like OpenAI and the Googles and the Amazons and so on. But for enterprises, they are looking at it and saying, hey, maybe I don't need to build my own model. Why don't I use a general purpose model and do something with it to create an application? The moment me as an enterprise, if I try to do that, I get into trouble. So the first type of trouble I get into is, I've got a lot of data that I want as part of the model so that it can be queried, but I don't wanna share that necessarily in the public domain with a general purpose model that I can't get back. So how do you access proprietary data and keep it proprietary and have controls around it while still using a GenAI model? Then that's where databases and the RAG architecture is a super critical part of it. It's just, you said the word proprietary. It's interesting because we were originally calling the OpenAI models proprietary. Open source started to emerge on the LLM side. You saw Lama and then, but now, but it's really, they've been called foundation models. They've been kind of renamed. But your point about proprietary data and those models are important because that's the IP of the company. Exactly. The old expression during the big data days 10 years ago was data is the new oil and now it's the new gold or take that data exhaust and turn it into gold. That's kind of what's happening. So companies are realizing their data is valuable. I don't want to expose it to the LLMs what you were just mentioning, but also then it's like, okay, how can I use the data either to reduce costs? And now what's interesting about GenAI, there's another dimension of revenue generation because the use of data that wasn't being monetized is being monetized for top line revenue. And as well as cost reduction. So the question is, okay, what is that equal? How much does that cost to get there? Take us through some of the challenges that you see there because it's a challenge and an opportunity because if you over rotate on the cost side, you spent too much. Yeah, so data becomes important in two related but separate ways. The first is I have my data that I want to hold as my own and it's my IP and I want to monetize that IP. And so should I and can I give that away for public good? But it's not really public good because somebody else is making money off of it. So that kind of doesn't make sense. So just holding on to your own data but still driving insights and driving value from it is one part of the equation. The second part of the equation that's related but it's a little bit different which is just because I have data doesn't mean it's useful. I have to structure it in a way that it becomes useful. And how is data useful today? Data is useful because I can actually see patterns and I can understand the context of the questions I ask. And that's why knowledge graphs now become a big part of the GEN AI stack. So talk about the power of knowledge graphs because this is something that is becoming more important. We're seeing it more from the value creation and the value capture side because knowledge graphs can be a state of content, context and when you integrate that into other enriched data like data sets you can get behavioral data. So you can get context and personalization. So it seems to be a perfect fit for GEN AI. Can you explain what's going on with knowledge graphs? Oh, 100% and we are seeing so much interest in Neo4j for knowledge graphs because of GEN AI applications. And the way that translates is if I need to build a GEN AI application then I need a knowledge graph to structure my content and my data so that my GEN AI application can actually work really well. Now I'll give you an example. So for example, we can have, most companies they start with vector stores. Vector stores really support fundamentally similarity search. Hey, show me all the things that look like this. But the answer that I get does not include the context. So that's different from saying show me all the things that look like this that is related to John. So once you start adding these conditions and asking for context, then you need a knowledge graph. And so we, just four or five months back, we released vector capabilities in Neo4j's graph database and now you can have vector search but you can actually have the vector embeddings associated with the nodes in the graph or the relationships in the graph and suddenly you have a much more richer context. So that's kind of where we see knowledge graphs heading forward. Well, I mean, computer science theory, look at the timeline of compiler design. It's all graph-based. So you got nodes and arcs that you label them. And as you get more efficient, what I like about the vector stuff that's, I mean, it's not new technology but it is a new approach to indexing. It's not keyword-based or OCR for images. It's math. And so that works well for retrieval when this augmentation generation or reg as we've been calling it. Why is that important? Because now, and let me take a stretch here and say that if I have math that gives me similarities and data, I can look at nearest neighbor and all the theory involved and all that good stuff. I can adjust the graphs. The graphs can be dynamic. This is powerful because now you can organize that neural connections in a graph format. Explain why that's important. An example, a very simple example, right? That I can share with you. Suppose you want to look at companies that are sensitive to lithium prices, right? With everything that's happening with EVs. A simple similarity search will yield to maybe a list of companies who are maybe lithium mining companies, right? But that's not the answer, right? There are a lot of companies that are actually dependent on lithium because you have the battery providers and the battery providers are suppliers to the car companies. The car companies have distributors associated with them. And so you have this complex network of interdependencies. And so if you want to really understand, hey, if I have a lithium shortage, which companies are going to be impacted? It's not just the lithium mining companies. It's this entire network. To get that network, that's a knowledge graph problem. That's not a vector search problem. I always say the knowledge graph is a neural network table stakes because you think about your brain, left side, right side, and you got connections. It's essentially a graph of connections and nodes and that together. It's okay, now take that to the next level. The state-of-the-art GNI today is prompt answer. And then you prompt engineer, maybe some prompts under the covers. So you're prompting, you're responding. But reasoning is a whole nother area. So talk about the difference between efficiencies with graphs and neural nets around prompt answer and then more reasoning because if I want to think deeper, I want to tap a graph that's going to give me access to better data. So that falls as a great use case for graph data. No, 100%.  Intuitively when we try to understand the world around us, we look for patterns. That's how memories are built and that's how we see the world around us, universe around us. In fact, any action movie that you see where somebody's hunting for something else, what you see, there's this big board and there are all these pins and there are all these red threads that are hung around and that's effectively a graph. That's how the brain thinks, that's how we reason. So when you try to do reasoning, what helps with reasoning? Patterns and patterns depending on context. So the brain is looking for those patterns and similarly, if you think about a Gen AI application, if it needs to look for patterns in data, especially if you want to keep that data private, then you need it to be in a graphical format. And they'll need pathways to be able to. And they'll need access to data. Yes, and they need access to data. There's a blockage. And you're not going to get that data in for reason. And that's where the RAG comes in, right? Because what RAG does is it's able to marry the power of the general purpose LLM models with internal data. Because now you can keep those two separate but you can actually use the LLM's capability to do reasoning on private data. You know, I remember when the web went from static to dynamic with databases and that was a great change over things scale beautifully. When you think about static and dynamic relative to data, you think about a mechanism and then some organism. So as AGI is coming around the corner, which I don't think it's going to anytime soon, but I'm still pro AGI, I don't get me wrong, but I think we're going to, a lot of get there, a lot of road to get there. But we're looking more like to be responsive like a human, like an organism, not like a mechanism. So being adaptive is going to be a key criteria to GNAI and then also managing what happens. So if you do a question and it's a good answer, do you store it somewhere? And who stores it? Does it cashed? Or do we lose the answer? Is there any observability? Where's the management? Where's the application? A lot of instrumentation will need to come around the pike. What's your view on this? You're 100% right. And again, that is a separation between having all that instrumentation for the LLM, creators or the model builders who are doing general purpose models, right? And so they will be able to solve all this in at scale. But the problem is most of the world's data is not necessarily available for everybody to see, right? The bulk of the data is actually held in private repositories, people's IPs. And so how do I take- And or governance or regulated industries or other things? Exactly, right? So now the problem that you talk about, which is stitching all this together, actually has to be done multiple times in each of these companies and each of these organizations. And that is a whole different set of skills that I think over the next year or two years that enterprises will have to focus on. So let me ask about Neo4j as a product roadmap because I can envision, you mentioned earlier, LLMs work with each other. You mentioned proprietary, we call them, they're small language models, but that's the IP. How does a company get and protect their models? Can I build a private knowledge graph and how do I measure that, how do I secure it? What are you guys seeing out there now relative to your customers and how they're evolving these to protect their IP? Because again, they want to expose it, but they got to govern it and protect it. And so building private knowledge graphs, the idea of that has been around for a long time. It's taken on a sense of urgency now with GenAI. And the interesting thing is, in a strange way, you can actually use LLMs to build your knowledge graphs because LLMs are very, very good at extracting information. So instead of trying to manually build it and try to update your knowledge graph with complex pipelines, you can actually take an LLM, run it on a bunch of data, both structured and unstructured, extract a knowledge graph out of it, which is maybe 70, 80% ready, and then you can tinker with it and make it better. So that way you can actually still hold on to your private data in a RAG architecture while being able to create a knowledge graph. I think the RAG is going to be a very important topic going forward. It already is now, it's one of the most talked about. And frankly, it's the easiest area to get into and innovate and see value. Now the question that everyone's talking about, and we are facing with our CUBE language model is, the smaller the better, because if you have a good language model, it does a good job, but it's not adequate relative to the other models. So I see a vision where models will interact with others and work together, passing parameters back and forth, saying, hey, I need your help. You're the best B2B CUBE language. I'm going to go to the CUBE for that, or I'm going to go to that data source. So data sets I would envision would be like, almost like a leaderboard, the best data wins. And then they'll broker that via API calls, other data, right? And so I think you've got these general models, large language models. I think you'd have vertical and domain specific models that can be actually much smaller with a smaller footprint, but then can interact with these LLMs. And then you would have, in some cases, can you have versions of these models that are for an organization themselves? And then can you chain all of these models to get the right results you want based on the application? I remember when we were doing the CUBE entity extraction years ago, Amazon had Alexa, and they couldn't figure out what Kubernetes was. So they call it Kubernetes. So I can envision a model where we've come to the CUBE and saying, is this right? We say, no, it's not Kubernetes, it's Kubernetes. Because that's a word that came out of nowhere, but that became lingua franca, in the linguistics. So as you get into these domain specific spaces, OpenAI and these guys aren't going to have the fidelity and the accuracy of what it actually means in their knowledge graph. It speaks its own thing. And the same word and the same acronym can mean very different things in different contexts. And that's exactly, I totally agree with you. All right, so what's the vision for Neo4j at this point? You guys have been well-known in the graph space. As the market grows massively, you guys are on a great growth curve with GenAI and multiple databases in the cloud and now they're contributing to computing. What's going on with the company? What's the vision? What's the hot traction for Neo4j? So over the last 10 years, graph databases has been the fastest growing by far, category of databases. And we see that sort of continuing into the future. And you think about our business itself. So we had traction with our traditional graph database business. Then we introduced a product called Graph Data Science which has had a lot of success over the last three years. And Graph Data Science is taking the same graph database and putting it in memory with built-in algorithms to support data scientists in model building. For example, you want to do centrality or you want to have entity resolution and you want to fill data that probably, you didn't get in your first time around. More recently, we have seen a big traction with a RAG-based applications. So we introduced vector support around four or five months back and that'll kind of continue. And the next, this coming year, we are looking at deeper integrations for the cloud service provider. So stay tuned at the Microsoft Fabric Conference because we'll have some announcements then. And you guys have some traction on query languages that's going to be approved. Can you share a little bit about that? Thanks for asking about that. The open source, because this is a pretty big deal. The lingua franca of database queries has been sequeled for a long, long time. And the ISO standards body has refused to look at other standards with this JSON or anything else because they're like, hey, it can all be solved with SQL. And then along comes graph databases which are so much more powerful and the queries can be vastly simplified and they can do types of pattern matching that SQL can do but really kind of struggles to. So the ISO is actually working and we are working with them to release a new standard. So the first new language standard from ISO after SQL called GQL. And that we should be seeing more news about that later this year. We are very excited. And they don't do that very often. It's not like they just go around saying. This is the first time they're doing it since SQL. Yeah, so it's a big deal. It's a big deal. So we'll keep an eye on that. A final question for you as people generally start to discover, you know, my favorite line from Andy Jaster over the years and speaking with him early days in the cloud was, when you're doing something that's compelling and you're going to be misunderstood for a while. So you got to be okay with that. I think graph databases outside of the inside the rope. So the industry has been misunderstood by folks. And when people ask me what I think of it, they say, hey, remember that on Facebook everyone says, what's the hive mind? Hey, hive mind. The collective intelligence of your friend network. That's like a graph. People will get intelligence out of that. So knowledge graphs are doing the same kind of thing. So I want to ask you, what is the key that people are seeing with graph database when they go, oh, I finally get it?  What's that? What's the connection? I'm glad you asked that because it's a, you know, I joined this company in Neo4j around two years back because I was just super excited about the potential of what graph databases can do. And I saw it as not just one more type of database. I saw it as something game changing for the database industry. And sort of the best articulation of that comes when you talk to prospects versus customers. When you talk to prospects, right, people who we want to sell graph to, but they have not used us, you know, the sale is always based on performance, right? Like understanding patterns or your joins are taking too much compute. That's what the benefit is. But once somebody becomes a customer, then suddenly the conversation changes. They go and say, wow, this is so much easier to understand. This is super intuitive.  And then what do you do? You're trained to take that and put it into tables. First normal, second normal, third normal, fourth normal. And that's restriction at that point. You're constraining everything. But that's how we are trained. And so this aha moment is when you realize, hey, my data model, which is the entity relationship diagram is actually a graph. And that should be my database to start with, right? And so the benefits and the aha moment is cognitive. And by the way, the scale, the growth you can add to it without retrofitting it is simple. Just plug more stuff in. Just plug more in. And the way we have constructed our graph databases, it's actually schema free. You know, we call it schema flexible because you can impose a schema on it, or you can leave it flexible, which is huge during development. And it's huge when your data's changing. And your point earlier about reuse, you don't have to rebuild things over and over again. Great leverage and great ROI out of the gate. Exactly, yeah. Thanks for coming on. Knowledge graphs are going to be a big part of it. Okay, we've got six for the AI innovators. I'm John Furrier with theCUBE with Dave Vellante. We'll be back with more live coverage after this short break.


Hi everyone, Sean with jaspyscasebreaks.com here doing 2019-2020 Panini status Asia team all five box break Pick your team number one where we're giving away the pelicans This is our first look on a case break side of this so should be pretty exciting Some details all card ship 10 packs six cards per box The way this works how to be entered for the pelicans by two or more teams in this break get entered to win No max entries two teams get one entry four teams two entries six teams three entries, etc If you only buy one team you'll not be entered. So Here is the list of customers and their corresponding teams. You can see the pelicans are open So what we're gonna do is we're gonna copy the customer list here to a new sheet Paste it in there and then alphabetize So Andrew gets one Gabe gets three Harrison gets you one. Thanks for getting that last spot mojo. Actually, we're gonna use the last spot mojo spot for your Entry that might get you some luck Joshua gets one Mark gets one Matthew gets one Gets one Patrick gets one Rick gets three And Ryan gets one There you go So we got 14 entries on here So from Ryan back up to Andrew and dice roll Six and one seven times Name on top after seven Seventh and final time. Congratulations, Joshua Browning You got yourself the pelicans for this break You see seven times there on the randomizer seven times there on the dice So let's go back over to the original sheet and Paste you in I know Oliver I saw that That was that's pretty brutal Have both your spots end up right outside Cool, so let's print and rip. Uh, this is from a fresh case So we got to figure out which five boxes we're doing 20 boxes in a case. So here is our case You can see status Asia team all So let's pop this out of the way You can see up here on the nick cam I'm just gonna start taking these boxes out in the stacks that they are already in looks like they're in four Five box stacks. So let's keep it that way There's one here's another one There's one here's one Cool, so I've got four stacks here So you can see the three in a row and then the one here to the right Up on the nick cam you can see all four of them as well. So we're gonna roll a dice one two three or four Pretty self-explanatory, right One two three and then four. Uh, if it's a five or six, we'll reroll Good luck It's a six so reroll left hand That's two So there you go We're gonna do the boxes right there So jaspy's patented Marking system to show that these are all from the same case for you guys For the boxes that aren't being used So, you know when we go to do the next ones because we do have pick your team two three and four in the store Some more available now jaspy's case breaks.com Uh, I'm trying to find a swirl aroma. Apparently it's a one of one parallel Let's find it I don't I don't I mean typically in team all stuff. There isn't really any autos dan. Um, if there are It is Mac. Uh, if there are it's usually super rare and really low number. So Very hard to find here's our finalist Harrison last but mojo with my wizards, uh team all doesn't stand for anything. It's a website Just like amazon but for asia They literally sell everything on there. This is an exclusive product they sold on that website Does it have a uh, uh, does it actually stand for something? I have no That's above my pay grade Uh, so there are autos. Okay. Yeah, they're if there are like I said, it's they're very low number In some cases, they're literally lumbered to the jersey number So for like in the example like as ion would be like a one of one only And that's the only out of they have I've only pulled I think like one auto from a team all box before and it was um I want to see Kevin Kam reddish Cool. Good luck guys box one Trey young upper echelon pink. That's nice Atlanta hawks ryan redmond Very cool Joel and bead pink the 76ers harrison morris Grant williams rookie for the cel ticks Kam reddish for the hawks kelton johnson for the spurs We've got points a lot of points 4200 to be exact So that'll be randomized to somebody in the break at the end I don't know what the points are replacing because like I said, you don't have autos in this in most cases so uh, cavan looney for the warriors Mike tower pink Cameron johnson for the sons harrison morris Right mojo. It's a lot of points Tyler hero, Miami heat matthew shira nicole meli for the pelicans deandre hunter new beginnings pink For the hawks ryan redmond and tyler hero New beginnings for the heat matthew shira seiku denboya Detroit pistons Mike tower Bojan bagdanovich pink for the utah jazz rick serrano Tremont waters for the cel ticks Kam reddish new beginnings for the hawks yes Uh, hekema lyjewan Nice looking Brandon clark pink for the grizzlies matthew shira ruyachi murrah last spot mojo harrison There you go deandre hunter for the hawks James harden 26 out of 49 for the houston rockets rick serrano and anthony davis upper echelon for the lakers andrew i'ma kalenjo or cavelin ken gillo Nice stuff nice box i Cool box two Absolutely andrew Is it so i'm a amica amica angelo Amica angelo i'm gonna go with Amica angelo Amica angelo, okay Sorry for butchering it's the first time around But yeah nice ad We were just talking about that apparently there are autos or you can get autos, but They're very rare Like no guarantees and stuff like that like most team all products Gordon hayward pink boston seltix gade plunker tramont waters for the seltix evan 48 pink for the magic rick serrano Darius vasley going to thunder deandre hunter for the hawks and tony parker trophy club 57 out of 125 santonio spurs uh andrew amica angelo and lebron james upper echelon There you go andrew that'll make up for me butchering your name Very nice tyler hero again for the heat matthew shira seiku denboya pistons mike tower And glenn rice pink also for andrew in the lakers grant williams for the seltix It's orial, okay Yeah, I was like because Isn't it orial doesn't it sound like that or isn't it the kind of the way it's spelled out But now I know dan. Thank you Cameron johnson pink for the suns Harrison morris lebron james again for the lakers uh andrew amica angelo cam reddish for the hawks and zion williamson pink pelicans joshua browning the spot he won all for just having at least two teams in the break very nice grant williams for the seltix tarence davis going to the raptors jaylin brown pink for the seltix gape plunkert Cameron johnson for the suns harrison morris kai bowman for the warriors nissir little for the timbrewolves or not timbrewolves sorry trailblazers There you go Well, thanks for being so forgiving dan. I appreciate it. That's a very nice That was a nice box there a couple of bronze very nice zion Pretty good game so far 97 95 brooklyn milwaukee Uh, I don't believe so But always double check the site Uh, nicklas. I am not sure how many are left. How many do you want? What's up jack? We're doing team all status nissir little trailblazers daniel gafford for the bulls admiral school field for the wizards and matisse thiebel pink new beginnings Going to the 76ers harrison morris and another matisse thiebel regular new beginnings going to you harrison ignas brasdekis for the nicks carousel overt pink for the nets joshua browning tige rom for the suns rj barrett for the nicks going to glade plunkert matisse thiebel 76ers harrison morris Uh, Derek favors pink for the pelicans brandon clark for the grizz lanzo ball brandon clark again for the grizz And carl anthony towns 16 out of 49 for the timberwolves patrick cologne And upper echelon stef curry golden state warriors mike tower. Uh, we got two Yeah, if you want to you can put your order in for that. I know for a fact we do Romeo langford for the celtics james harden pink for the rockets And rick sarana Kyle guy rookie pink for the kings rick sarana kazi aq paula for the heat lucas a monarch for the spurs jordan pool for the, uh, warriors karson edwards for the celtics Tobias harris 76ers pink harrison morris quinderry weather spoon for the spurs So last two boxes. We've got more of this in the store in five box increments pick your team two three and four in the store I think two is probably about halfway gone I uh, I don't know if we have any other cases of this so these might be the only four pick your team If that's the case I would get in early and often the seer little blazers admiral skullfield for the wizards ignos brazikus for the nicks and rj barrett new beginnings pink for the nicks as well and glaive gape plunker the tea stable 76ers harrison morris Uh, jordan pool rookie pink for the warriors mike tower Ty Jerome for the suns the tea stable for the 76ers harrison morris bruno fernando rookie pink for the hawks ryan redmond brandon clark for the grizzlies uh brandon clark for the grizzlies dwayne wade to 125 for the miami heat matthew shearan another upper echelon curry for the warriors and mike tower romeo langford for the celtics donovan mitchell pink for the jazz rick sarana kaziak paula for the heat luke samanus for the spurs josh akogi pink for the timberwolves patrick cologne admiral skullfield for the wizards jordan pool for the warriors parson edwards for the celtics dwight howard pink for the lakers ad Andrew amicangelo quenderry weatherspoon for the spurs nicole meli for the pelicans one more box let's see if we can find another zion in there haven't seen a jaw yet let's see a jaw it's evening out you haven't seen any much of his at all where'd all those people remember mojo remember when he got hurt remember all those people are like all doom and gloom jaws hurt wheel chaired off i wonder how many people are kicking themselves for dumping his stuff i was laughing so hard i was like what are you guys doing three to five weeks 18 days later i don't know was it five to seven weeks something like that cool good luck garyus garland for the cavaliers jackson haze for the pelicans john stockton pink for the jazz rick sarana cam reddish for the hawks pascal for the warriors pascal siakam pink for the raptors rick sarana kyle guy for the kings luka donchich dallas mavericks mark basett nikelo alexander walker for the pelicans yannis pink milwaukee bucks joshua browning cam johnson phoenix sons uh harrison morris norman powell to 125 for the raptors rick sarana and how about a nice luka donchich upper echelon as well dallas mavericks mark basett a box uh oh yeah that was crazy oh he'll who knows if he'll ever be the same i was like what are you talking about he's framed his ankle uh derek fischer pink trophy club going to you andrew kevin porter jr for the calves how much longer will he be on that team uh drew holiday for the pelicans pink joshua browning rj barrett nicks gape plunker uh daniel gafford for the bulls nikelo alexander walker for the pelicans we fondue cabingelli for the clippers jaylen noelle for the timberwolves robert covington pink for the rockets and rick sarana derrius basley for the thunder daniel gafford for the bulls and gary patin finishes it off there we go some very nice stuff and one last thing you gotta randomize those 4200 points big points so let's come over here and copy the uh we're gonna do it on the pre the list before we gave away the pelicans original customer list so let's open up a new randomizer and a new dice so here is that list from harrison last bob mojo let's delete where the pelicans would have been and dice roll three and one four times name on top after four gets the 400 sorry 4200 points four times right fourth and final time congratulations to mike tower you get yourself this 4200 points to go with everything else that's going your way there you go guys that was our first pick your team of team all status basketball jasper's case breaks dot com 1920 panini status asia team all five box break pick your team number one from jasper's case breaks dot com thanks for hanging out i'll see you next time