Hello, everyone. Welcome to NPTEL course on rural water resource management. This is week 11, lecture 4. In this week, we have been looking at data to collect for understanding rural water resource management. And all these data follow the same teaching that was focused in class, which is the key parameters, the hydrological cycle, and how these parameters are related to each other. In the last class, we looked at rainfall. And the key agencies that collect rainfall are IMD, which is the Indian Meteorological Department, and ISRO. The space agency, which is the predominant agency for India is Indian Space Research Organization, ISRO. And they have multiple agencies, as I mentioned, of which NRSE does these rainfall products for India. Sometimes IMD and NRSE data are merged as one data set, or you can also download IMD separately, ISRO separately, and then work on it. There are other state agencies also in the WRIS website. In the last class, we looked at this website and some norms that we discussed what is normal rainfall, what does the actual rainfall mean, and what does percentage deviation mean. We also looked at the key tools which are on the left side of your window. And we looked at the basin boundaries, admin boundaries, etc. In this section, we will focus on downloading one data set for rainfall. So let's start by going to the website, because it does take some time to download and assess these data. Please make sure you have good internet when you have to download this data. As I said, it starts with a monthly cumulative rainfall information, which is given from 1 June to 27 June 2022, using IMD grades. And what we will do today is focus on one good rainfall area, which is Maharashtra on the western guards, and also one maybe in Rajasthan where the rainfall is low. So what you see here is a rainfall heat map. What does the heat map show you is when it's red, like a heat, and also a map of where it is happening. The red indicates very low rainfall, 0 to 600 mm per year, whereas blue indicates a good rainfall. So let's look at one thing is the sources. As I said, there is IMD grade, there is NRAC grade, and you could download and see what do these mean by the manuals and about page. You can also give feedback here. So my point is let's do some understanding of the data set. In this, if you type in, let's say, Thani, a district name, it will not come because it is at a state level. I'll show you how to get at district and block loads. So first let's do this APWRIMS, so AP stands for Andhra Pradesh. And then I'm going to say from June to July, what is it? Let's just leave it as is and then hit the summit. Anything else? Just change the location source of APWRIMS. So what you find is that suddenly the AP, which is Andhra Pradesh, state has been highlighted, and the stations where the data is collected has been highlighted, located, and the data has been plotted. So you could see that compared to the previous India scale, Andhra Pradesh is getting a little bit more rainfall annually because we saw it was somewhere around 1200s at an average. So just if you want to see, you can go back to this button. You could go back one more time and say all data. All agencies and then it just populates everything. Hit submit. For whole India it will take some little bit time, but then it will populate it. Okay, so all of India has given and then for this period, June to 2021 to 2021, this is the average rainfall and this is between two months, right? So June and July, it will give you also the date as June 1 to July 31st. Okay, cumulative data. Now we're going to focus on only one data set which is the state data set. I'm not going to use that for entire India. What I try to say here is, if you click on the date and let's say Jan to July, you get some data points for the AP. And you could see that, oh wow, all this state has been covered. A lot of stations have been covered and you can come down to see the district. Now the district names come up. Okay, and if you say Anantapur district, you just click on the district, then the station names will come. It will also zoom into that particular district and all these station names come. So you could see that this is Anantapur and you could see all the station names. And what are their measurements? Actual means the current and the normal is the normal for that period. So actual is the one Jan to 23 July, which is what you put as actual date, whereas normal is the 10-year average kind of. Okay, all long-term averages, keep it long-term average. So for now, let's go back to all agencies. If you want to quickly to come up, you could just hit refresh the page. Sometimes if you go too much into the webpage, it does get stuck or it's better to just refresh the or clear all the filters that you would have put. So what filters would we use? We used the state as AP and also a time, right? So I hit refresh and the other AP was having around 1800 whereas here you see 1100. So overall AP is higher in rainfall compared to the overall India. Normally you don't compare overall India for rainfall, why? Because we are blessed with a lot of diversity in rainfall. For example, if you could see there are high, high rainfall regions in the north. And then one of the most wetter points on the planet is also in the east, whereas the west has some desert and so less rainfall. Whereas the central India is kind of average to above average rainfall. Okay, so let's do this. So this is the date given from 1 June to 27 March 2022. You could see this is the values. What I'm going to do now is focus on one particular state. So first I'll click the state to focus on it, Maharashtra. Let's go step by step, right? So here I'm going to click all agencies. I want all agencies for Maharashtra, not IMD, not NRAC. So when you download the data, sometimes you will be given this is IMD data. This is NRAC data or sometimes it'll be clubbed as one data because IMD also uses a lot of satellite products for rainfall assessment. So moving on, what we've seen is a monthly time step. So the data is collected daily. Okay, so all rainfall data is collected daily. For example, let's say if you do monthly, like groundwater or evapotranspiration and other parameters, what will happen is sometimes your rainfall happens only in three, four days in a month. So if you wake up and say, okay, every 15th of the month I'm going to collect, what happens if there's no rainfall on that day? Does that mean like, for example, March 15 you collect data and if there is zero rainfall, does that mean the average for month is zero? No. It just tells that that day there was no rainfall. So for that, it is always good to do a daily estimate. And in this website, all the data is clubbed and made as a cumulative monthly data. Okay, so you can see the graph here is June, July, it doesn't go every day because it's too much space and it will slow down the internet, slow down your computer. So they will, at the backhand, they have already accumulated it and cumulative as months, some dipped up, not average. Because again, if it's average, then you will say that March 15 there was no rainfall and so average it is zero. So for that, it is always important to have a daily rainfall data. The data comes in daily and sub-daily levels like hourly or multiple times in a day. But just because of this availability, we will be doing it as daily and daily is converted to monthly. Then monthly to annual, it goes by this line. Daily data is collected, it is cumulative as months and in the month is accumulated as yearly. It means some, you add it up for a month. So every day, the data is populated. If you miss the data, that data is some statistics is used to fill the data. And then a month summation is done, and then you have an annual summation. Then if you divide the average, then you get the normal rainfall. So Maharashtra I have clicked. Just for this period, you could see that 1,114 millimeters rainfall. Actual rainfall is slightly higher, 10% higher than the normal rainfall. I'm going to do monthly. When you do monthly, what happens is you get access to the months. For example, if I do yearly, the month is gone. So you could see that if I click this, there's no months. It's only years. If I click 2015, for example, that comes. So let's do monthly. And then I have to select the start date. Let's do a 10-year average. So each time we cannot press this, it might be time consuming. So when you want to jump years, just click on the year. And then you can see it's jumping. What did I say? I want 2012. So you can click it again. If it doesn't move, go to the arrow mark and then push it. Now it has been pushed 1998. What is the earliest data we have? Just keep on pushing. And these dates are not highlighted. It's not black. It's grayed out. So when I move the pointer, it doesn't turn to a finger. So only 1970 terms. So from 1970 to 2022, we have data more than 50 years of groundwater data we have. So I'm not, again, this can be done. But as I said, okay, let's do it for a year. Okay. So 1970 to 2021. Okay. And then average. There's also advanced filters we'll do, but see. So this is the rainfall that happens. And then you could see it is going up. So every year annual rainfall is there. And suddenly the annual rainfall has picked up across India. And across India, all the stations that is available on the website is shown. This does not reflect the actual or all the total rainfall gauges. Because as I said, the state also does monitoring. If you do not include that in this website. Does that does not mean that there's no gauges. So there is a lot of gauges which are not present here. Okay. So what I've done is a 1970 to 2021. Every year data is there and then suddenly there is a jump 1974 to 2021. Okay. So let's say, sum it up. Still it is showing like this. There is some issue in the data we could look at the line graphs if we can find it. And then there is a break here. So that happens when there's no data or data was not input properly in the hardware system hardware and software. So let's ignore it for now. We're going to just jump on to one agency. Sorry, one total. And then why is it better to have all agencies is because you have the possibility of filling a gap. If there is a data gap in AMD, for example, the analysis data can be used to fill it up. Okay. So we're going to do monthly just for the Maharashtra state. So I'm going to click Maharashtra. Okay. So accidentally it went to one location. So I'm just going to click this Maharashtra. You can, if it's too cumbersome, just go here and clear. Clear map selections. Now we are back. And all agencies monthly. I'm going to just click on Maharashtra. You can just come here and do Maharashtra. One more time. Okay. Yes. Now Maharashtra is picking up. There's no, well, I selected. And then let's go into do monthly. So now monthly. Again, let's do 2010. So I'm going to click on the year. I'm going to go back. 2010. Jan. Okay, let's do two years. Let's take 2009. Jan. Jan 2009 to 2010. 2010. Okay. And December. So I'm taking two years. So two years data. I'm going to take. One year because we're going to just see how to set it up. Okay. So any point you have questions, you can come back and see how I'm using my mouse, changing the dates, clicking 2010. Jan. So I didn't put a date, but you will see soon that it is going to do it. So some is what we need. Advanced filter has other aspects. But I think most of it is here. So I'm going to click submit. When you hit submit, this movement should happen. Okay. Which means that. The data is being populated and it's working. Okay. So now you could see it is one. Jan 2010 to 31st. Jan. 2010. So as I mentioned, I did never give the date. As only the month and the year I gave, I did not give a day. So because the data is collected every day. Automatically it has taken from first Jan and summed every day. So Jan one plus Jan two, like that it goes until December 31. And that is the total you get is one, one, four, three millimeters of rainfall in the normal scenario. But for this actual scenario, the rainfall is missing. Maybe the data is not available. Okay. So that is the first thing you should see. Okay. Let me check another state for example. Okay. Sometimes as I said, you will not have the data for that region. It's okay. And now I'm going to click UP. Or Madhya Pradesh. Okay. Yes. Yeah. So Madhya Pradesh is selected. Okay. Now I'm going to hit submit. It's India slash Madhya Pradesh. Again, that rainfall year is not available. So now you can clearly say that there is some issue with the, with that particular data set, which is fine. So now let us go to year the current year. Okay. Last year we'll go Jan 2021. And then this has to be December, at least one month post Jan. Right. So, and then I get submit. I'm going to just do Madhya Pradesh. Let's see if the data is available. It is searching for the data. Okay. And it says one Jan to 31st Jan 2021. Okay. So again, it didn't get a little bit stuck. So I'm just going to do a refresh and whatever data they are going to give us, let's take it. I have downloaded the data for this period. But as I said, I wanted to give you a live demo of this website. So it's better to show you how the data is taken. So for example, right now it says monthly from one June to 27 is available. Right. So let's do Jan 2021. Just to check if it is available. And then we have December 2021. I click submit. Yes. The data is available. Jan, March every month is available. And you could see that it is below normal during the monsoon, but then the monsoon is shifting. Or kind of the peak is happening at the site. And there are two peaks, which is kind of not okay. Okay. So now I'm going to click on Maharashtra. To see if that data still changes. Yes. Now it has changed a little bit more. We all know from in Maharashtra starts in June. And then peaks in July and hours. So you do have a good spread of rainfall that is happening in, in this region. Right. Then I'm going to zoom in. Okay. Now you see the districts. So, and also down when you come, you can see the district. So let's take one of the, this, this areas, right? So if I click on this, which is one of the blue areas that is good rainfall, you can see it is Tani. Okay. So Tani district has good rainfall. And that's why it's blue. It's around 3000 nearing. So it's 2500 millimeters of rainfall. And the actual is 3000 for that year. Last year was really good rainfall, 11% deviation. Okay. So then what can happen is you can also go and zoom into a particular data point. That you want to take and download. So this data can be downloaded. This image can be downloaded as an image. For example, if you hit download, it may ask you what format you want the data. Is it CSV or an image or a JPEG? See PDF or CSV. So I'll click CSV and then you'll get the data. Okay. So the other one, you can also take the table as a CSV. So you can collect and says CSV or what it is. And then you have the, we have to give for what purpose you're going to download the data, the name and email, hit submit. You'll get the data. Okay. So now what I'm going to do is I'm going to add there. And correct. So I just zoomed out. Right. So this is a good rainfall district. Let's take this district, for example, which is I still don't know. So it's still at Maharashtra. Okay.  So the finger has come up. I'll click it. So the whole district is Nasek. So Nasek has a little bit less rainfall, even though it is adjoining to a high rainfall area. You can see a red color. So it is 658 normal. Almost double the rainfall has been taken. So this is how you would look at data and assess it. Okay. So let's look at it down. You can also go and find the district and collect the data. And most importantly, you can also take the individual data out. So I've just clicked average to show you what is the difference. And you can see the average rainfall for that period. Monthly average. Okay. Monthly average is 55 millimeters, West 1000, et cetera. Let's do a daily, a very short time. Okay. Let's do one month in February to February end. And you can see the actual rainfall. Okay. So still populating. So there has been no rainfall. Okay. Zero normal, zero actual percentage deviation. You could see very small above, which is not actually rainfall because it is almost zero. For February, not much rainfall is happening. That is what it's saying. See IMD grid. So IMD grid has all these different data sets. Now I'm going to go back to all agencies. Okay. I'm going to zoom out to full extent. I can click India, for example. Okay. So the whole of India has come. Now I'm just going to click the month. I don't want daily. I want monthly. And then I'm just going to do one year, which is Jan to December. And then apply a summation. Monthly sum. What you see now is you do see the points coming up. Rainfall stations. For IMD grid, you will not get the rainfall station because IMD grid is a interpolated to a grid to a pixel. If you want the point, you have to do all agencies and then you will get the points. So now I'm going to zoom into a high rainfall region. I'm going to take out the data. So let's do a Tane, for example. So this is Tane. And let's click one point in Tane. Now you will see a yellow color turning on. And you will see that this is the monthly rainfall information for first Jan to 31st Jan. And it is at the Wagi Wali station. There is a station name. The station's location is given as a lat long. So those who know GIS and GPS, this is the location of the station on the planet. And you could see that that location has data. You could now, this is no data display, but the actual is given fine. We will take another point. So this is how it works. Not all data points, you will get data. If you're lucky, you will get one or two. So there you are. So this I've been just clicking on different stations. And Mukda, Mukda station has the rainfall from April. April it picks up and then December goes down. Why April? Very less the other months. Why are they missing? There's no rainfall data. Okay. So the actual rainfall is what we are interested in, not the average. And for that period, you could see that it is made in by CWC is the source. It is a West flowing river basin. Okay. Where the basin is located. And this is that long and the average rainfall, actual rainfall for that year is given. So almost 3000 millimeters of rainfall in that particular year. One thing you notice here is it is a CWC station, not an IMD, not an NRC. That is why you have to click all agencies. Okay. All agencies would include every agency that has stations. IMD grid is a station and ISRO product together. So you'll have a map. NRC is a map. Only all agencies, if you click, you will see the different agencies that are collecting rainfall. So here in this location, it is CWC. Okay. Now you could go to download data. Download a CSV. I'm just going to see how it is. Okay. Okay. Okay. So for today, I have shown you how to exactly take the location of one station. You need to be careful about this location. Lack long. Lack long. And then I'm going to give my email. I let it download, but sometimes it does take a long time. Since we click monthly. It might be quick. And download the data. Okay. So for today, I have shown you how to exactly take the Lack long. Okay. Let me do it again. Oh yeah. So once you give the government or not, you will have to do it again. Okay. Okay. There it is. It says it is trying to download. Give it some more time. Okay. So all this is given here, India, Maharashtra, Tane, Mukda. So every step has to be followed. Okay. And you could download with it. And there it is. The download is happening. It's very slow for some reason, but it's fine. So I'm just going to store it. And as a PDF. So I'll be opening the PDF. And because I wanted to download as a PDF. And you can have the data shown as a PDF on your screen. So with this, I will conclude today's lecture. You could see that the data has been taken. A map has been created. You can also download it as an Excel and then work it on Excel. I will stop here for today's lecture. I'll see you in the next lecture. Thank you.


Hello everyone, today we're talking about knee pushups or pushups from your knees. This is a good regression for people who maybe don't have the upper body strength or the core strength to support the longer lever kind of a traditional variation that we see. But there are still mechanics things that I want to consider while I'm doing this and I want it to look as similar to the traditional pushup as I can. So if I'm in a traditional pushup, I'm going to tuck my hips, I'm going to reach my arms long at the top to get a nice curvature of my lower back or my upper back. Similar principles apply with the knee pushup. What people tend to do is they take stress off their knee by sticking their butt out. That kind of flattens my knee out and then they try to do it this way. It's okay to start there. It's not very good for most of your body but it is a good way to limit the amount of load that you have to put on your upper body. So it can be a good stepping stone for people. That is something I bet you probably if you watch a lot of my videos didn't think I was going to say.  I'm looking for a straight line from knee through the hip all the way to my shoulder. So the problem that we are seeing in the previous variation that we just discussed, my hip does not cross that line from my knee to shoulder. It's behind the line that my knee and shoulder make like this. So if I were going to fix that I would do this and I would bring my hips forward and I might even need to scoop my hands forward a little bit there and then as I come down I have that. So I have a shorter lever. It's not quite so hard on my arms and I can hang on to this. Now I got to make sure I keep my tuck so that I have my abs. Good and there we go. Still trying to finish with the arms long. That's so hard for me. Finish with the arms long at the top of this thing and you do your prescribed number of reps for your prescribed number of sets. Knee push-ups are great. They can be very very useful. I do like inclined push-ups. Stay tuned. We'll talk about that some other day. But the knee push-up is a nice variation when you don't have equipment right. Maybe you the hard part about an inclined push-up is you need a whole rack and you need to set a bar there and the bar doesn't have any weight on it so people take it from you.  The knee push-up variation is a nice modification that only requires a small square of real estate. So if you're going to do them though try to do them really well. Try to do them with your hips forward. Try to find those lower outer abdominals and try to reach your arms really long when you get to the top.


What's up guys and welcome to Trendy Update Upper SPM Buzz. Now to the trending news today is Nairobi Governor Sakajia who has announced this free transport for school children with uniform of course. Now this is good news to the parents of course and everyone who has a child going to school na nava uniform na nampeanga. You know fair killer siku and this has come about you know Governor Sakajia had held a meeting today na Nairobi Matatu Sakuza and you know they had an agreement on the raft mashes to restore order insanity in the city na apia apondua leza kuhongezia ya kuwamba school going children na nama na nama nava uniform they are allowed to just use matatu for free. Of course Sakajia was grateful for the cooperation from the sector ilia matatu na nama tu na kumbuka a while ago one of you know part of this manifesto ilikuwa kupunguza traffic na Nairobi city and also take care of the sewerage and the garbage collection. Na tumiao na Sakajia me kuakifanya kazi of late you know he has been going around identifying places and bazo takataka ime tupa kila mahali and he has been urging people through you know social media and press conferences to take care of the society. Nakamu na kumbuka a few years back ilikuwa kanjo wana kutafuta na wana kufuata in case you throw down any sort of garbage on the road atakama ni karatasia perimende and you know you'd pay a fine for that so I feel like you know Sakajia is doing they're quite the most when it comes to taking care of the society na apia kusa fisha and now as back on this story over free transportation for school going children and the Kenyans are always hilarious when it comes to response and comments kuna nuna uniform niziaza kupiti ya comments palet um herea manasema wa chan ishonewe yango ah herea muko instagram muesi yo manafunzi brushu wa anasema sakajia tanotena ala pupia anamombia sakajia ume bakisha nikufunguwa dating sites ala palet CBD wale tuko single wi meet up and mingo mmhmm nauna luigi anasema see this inge kujamae time wow people have started you know wishing it was during that school going times and yo wa eze kuse bile fair wi li anasema mpa ka metro ala se duika ma metro watakubali lakimi as much as you know it's part of the PSVs niziaza kwen de lea palet ana itua rod ni anasema ni tansakuwa uniform ni kingia CBD ah ah we we wacha alafu these lashipafia anasema makonda watakubali maneno kweli ah that's the same question i'm asking have they been informed then the kaitani anasema divine collections wa nauza uniform clearly people have decided to go and get uniforms so that they can benefit from this ah you know free transportation for school children lakini watatua chi wa toto e let the kids enjoy kusmabu kama umiangalia wa toto palewa nengianga wa nasimama you know they don't pay fair iani itakua ni story mzuri sana ii sakajia mweza kufanya and we are here for more you know from governor sakajia just to see what he is going to execute in Nairobi county to help the residents leave a comment down below umeskia umesaidika na historia free transportation let us know but in the meantime keep it trendy updates hapa spmbaz


Hey guys, welcome back to my YouTube channel. This is Daniel Rosal here. I'm meeting up today with my long-term Facebook collaborator and Jerusalem food friend Shimshon, Sam Lashinsky who's been posting his food reviews on Facebook groups and more than Facebook groups for the past couple of years. We're trying out today a place on a grippa street, which for those who aren't familiar with Jerusalem is just by the entrance to the Shuk, the big market of Jerusalem called Shukmanehuda. Sabiq is a really really special food. It actually originates as a breakfast food from Iraqi Jews. So this is something they cook on Shabbat when traditionally Jews can't use electricity.  These days people use an electric slow cooker back in the day that people would leave stuff on the stove on a slow simmer over Shabbat and then in the morning the eggs would be nice and cooked and people would make a food out of them. The key constituents of Sabiq are the eggs, the Yemenite hot sauce called Tshug, which is one of my many culinary addictions right now, as well as Israeli salad, tomatoes and cucumbers and a few other Kutramans. Compared to Falafel and Shorma, which have got well-deserved international fame, Sabiq is a little bit less famous internationally and I would say generally Tel Aviv has more Sabiq options than Jerusalem. However, we're here today to check out Jerusalem's most established Sabiq place on a grippa street. I'll leave a Google map link in the description if this video makes you hungry and I highly recommend at any hour of the day getting your Sabiq fixed. This is the number one lunch spot in Jerusalem, Sabiq Aricha on a grippa street in Jerusalem. 24 shekels, you get a good meal with everything in it. You've got protein, you've got vegetables, you've got healthy food, you've got everything. The people in Ramat Gan are usually made with cubes and potatoes, but here, no potatoes. I spoke to the boss, he does it his way. Mr. Ita Aricha, come on down, we'll have it together. It's to make pizza with the heart, with love, like to really love it, to do it and just do it inside of a good heart. The eggplant and like the obviously Shkavot, like layers. Okay, yeah. Is this the best Sabiq in Jerusalem? Yeah, on the wall. Want to go to the left? As always, a lot of nice things inside, eggplant, boiled eggs, vegetables, pickles, Trina. So, and I put a little spice, influenced by my friend Daniel Rosehill, and it's got to be a kick to it. And they make their own oranges, so looking forward to that as well. So, cheers. What's the Shimshon food review here? Ten out of ten for value for money and for delicious Israeli street food.


Good evening and welcome to town meeting televisions, continuing coverage here of general election 2020. I'm here with the candidates for the Winniski House seat. We have Hal Colston who is our current representative and we have Taylor Small and we have James Ellers. There are two seats, we have three candidates and I wanna remind folks that over the course of this forum, this virtual forum, democracy, streaming democracy, we will be happy to take your calls at<PHONE_NUMBER>. So for the first question, I'm gonna start with the incumbent Hal Colston and ask you how welcome. Thank you. Nice to see you. What qualifies you and why are you running? Well, first of all, I wanna thank channel 17 and Lawrence Lynn Davidian for hosting this forum. I look forward to this each and every moment that we can do this. Well, I started my first term and it has been a great learning curve and a way to figure out how I can make a difference. One of my achievements in the first, my first biennium was to put in place Act 10, which is an act for foreign verification credentials and it is a law now that allows for the Office of Professional Regulation to kind of approach verifying and vetting professionals in a different way, in a more efficient way, which is allowing more of our new American professionals who have practiced their craft for 20, 30 years in their home country and come here and have to start at square zero, basically. So this is exciting. I think about 10 people have gone through thus far and it's allowing for our important jobs to be filled. I'm focusing on three things. You're almost got a climb here, so hurry up. Yep. Engaging Vermont and all our residents into our public process. I believe in a livable wage. I believe that no one should be able to draw from public assistance if they work full-time. We need to change that and racial justice. Very good. You'll have more time to talk about these issues that are of concern to you. Thank you for that opening statement. Taylor Small, why don't we go with you to tell us why you're running for the Winiskey House seat and what qualifies you for the position. Thank you. Well, thank you so much, Lauren Glenn. And of course, thank you to CCTV for having us here today. What qualifies me for running in this position is understanding those most impacted here in the state. From my work in the mental health field as well as working within community at the Pride Center of Vermont, I've seen the ways that our system isn't able to support everyone in the way that it currently is set up. And understanding that the bills that are created are not thinking of those most impacted or thinking about the impact on environment. And so I'm excited to bring my perspective and a new young, fresh voice into the state house to make sure that we can make the change that we have always talked about. We see Vermont as a progressive state and a leader in a majority of ways. And I hope to continue pushing us on in that same direction and trying to fill the big shoes that Representative Deanna Gonzalez is leaving behind. But I think I'm up for the task. Very good. Thank you very much, Taylor Small. James Eller, you're joining us by phone. You're running for the house seat as an independent for District 67. Tell us why you're running and what qualifies here. Yes, hi, Lauren. Thank you, Channel 17. My name is James Ellers. I live on West Cal, and I'm running as an independent. I was inspired by supporters and neighbors and several factors motivated me to undertake this campaign. The economic injustices laid bare by COVID-19, the passing of John Lewis, the unacceptable political hatred that we're all experiencing, the callousness of politicians embracing Vermont's more dependent economy, but perhaps none more important than my belief that we're all entitled to representation that answers to us rooted solely in our shared humanity, rooted in love. Not based on how much money we have or which party we identify with or on our utility to add a special interest in corporations and certainly not based on where we were born or whether our parents were black, brown or white. With a long history in our community and state as a fighter for those of us downstream, I'll do more than offer platitudes. I'll fight for you and your loved ones. As we know, power conceives nothing out of demand. My pledge to you and your children is an empowered voice for all of us to believe there are better days ahead. When our skies are free from nuclear weapon-equipped warplanes, when our air is clean and our water safe, when our wages and benefits dust giving us access to secure housing, childcare, elder care and even our own healthcare. Beautiful, thank you, James. As your brother, co-worker and dad of four school-aged children, I believe we're all essential, all deserving of dignity. Thank you. All right, Taylor, small my apologies for misnaming you. Thank you very much. We're gonna go on to the next question, which is what will be different because you've become a legislator a year from now? What kind of changes do you think you will be able to affect? A minute and a half, thank you. Was that starting with me, Lauren, Glenn? Yeah, I'm sorry, yes, that's why I wasn't clear. Starting with you Taylor, small. No worries, no worries, thank you. So what's going to change in the coming year and two years? I think in the sense of filling the shoes, as I said, of Representative Deanna Gonzalez, I think we're gonna continue to see this progressive change in the house. But I think one of my core issues that I am focused on is healthcare reform and making sure that our healthcare is not connected. Our healthcare insurance is not connected to employment. And seeing the devastating results of COVID-19 and the pandemic both here in Winnowski and across the state, it's devastating to think that someone could lose their job and then not be able to take care of their health afterwards. I think a strong move that we need to make in our state is for a single payer healthcare system that is putting Vermonters at the forefront and making sure that health is not a choice, but is a right that everyone here is able to access. I think so strongly that there is, when we think of healthcare that it intersects with a majority of the issues that we're talking about when we're thinking about racial justice and the way that our healthcare systems are currently not set up to support folks who are not white. We're thinking about the ways that we can change our environment to put help as the initial impact and understanding that the devastating things that we are doing in our country and in our state are having significant health impacts on everyone in our communities. So I think reforming our healthcare system is at the forefront for me and really highlighting that there is so much more we can do in protecting our neighbors. Thank you very much. James Ellers, we're gonna go next to you on what will change because you've become a representative from the city of Winnowski next year at this time. Thank you, Lauren. First, I guess I'll just say I'm a person of unshakable conviction. I was probably partially formed by my time as a naval officer, but also extraordinary empathy. And bringing those two together, I'll be able to bring the fighting spirit for which I'm known for justice to Montpelier on behalf of Winnowski. Taylor could certainly count on me as an ally in healthcare reform that's desperately needed. But I've had experience as a advocate in Montpelier over the last 25 years, passing good legislation from finish to end, as well as passing a Senate resolution banning nuclear weapons at the Burlington Airport, a resolution that people said could not get done. We got it done. And I've also helped to feed bad legislation. So I already have an enormous amount of legislative experience and that coupled with a independence, not beholden to any particular party leadership only answering to the people of Winnowski. I think they will see an immediate impact. Thank you very much. Hal Colston, what will change because you return to the legislature next year? Well, I've been working in a process since June. We actually recessed and then we got that concession in August. On bringing new voices to the table, racial justice is an enormous issue that we face in Vermont. I believe Vermont is going through its civil rights era at this moment. People of color, like myself, African-Americans are no longer asking for change, we're demanding change. So I was able to join other legislators. We hosted three statewide hearings. We heard from a number of Vermonters who normally would not participate in the process about what is their best thoughts and thinking about what's needed for achieving racial justice. So the social equity caucus, which is a new caucus that I helped roll out last August, will be standing up a working group. And we have selected 14 Vermonters and these are not the usual suspects who will be coming together over the next few months and to get us their best thinking about policy that we should consider for achieving racial justice. So this will be an important resource for the legislature, the Senate and the House, to help shape our thinking around crafting bills to achieve racial justice. So this is a new and different way for getting and engaging Vermonters in our process. Thank you very much. We'll talk a little bit more about racial justice a little later on. Let me start with you, James, for the next question we talked about the budget. What's your assessment of the FY22 budget and what is your recommended approach to meet the needs and or balance and or reduce? Well, Pete, can you hear me? Yes, very well. I think they can just turn up your volume in the studio also, it's a problem. Yeah, it's just, it's obviously there's some drawbacks to not being able to participate in a video. So the next budget, the next budget we've all heard is pretty, I don't like to be, think myself as a person of doom and gloom, but we've heard some pretty scary stories out of Montpelier already about coming budgets and budget years. And I think the solution to our pressing budget needs are what they've always been. And that is we need to tax the folks who are most privileged in this state who get to enjoy all the benefits of living here that most of us only wish we could participate in. I mean, we tout micro breweries and skiing and most of us cannot afford to participate that type of Vermont. So I am going to be advocating as I have been for years, either for a permanent wealth tax or a temporary wealth tax to make sure that Winooski in particular is taken care of because it's totally unjust for people to be offered nothing more than thanks for doing the essential work that others will not do to keep Vermont moving through this pandemic. Thank you very much. So Taylor, tell us about your approach to the FY 22 budget, please. I agree in knowing that where we really need to move is progressive tax reform and actually taxing equitably across income and especially dividends and the ways that they're showing up for folks. And in thinking about this campaign and being able to talk with Vermonters here, folks who have this wealth or have the availability to pay more into the system are saying that they want to because they have the same vision and dream for a future Vermont that is able to actually support and take care of everyone. So thinking of the folks here in Winooski that are able to contribute and want to contribute, it is a destination and a direction that we can go in. I think even reflecting on the gubernatorial debates here, we heard our governor saying that taxing the top 5% would chew people out of Vermont or they would go elsewhere. And I don't think that's the case because when we think of folks who are committed to Vermont and committed to their communities, they are willing and if they are able, we'll contribute more. Thank you very much. Hal, can you hear me okay? I just had to get the headphones on, yeah. Sure, I hear you. Yeah, tell us about your approach to the FY 22 budget and what, yeah. Thank you. Well, I actually agree with James and Taylor about the wealth tax. I think that's really important. But I think more important is we need to take this on in a different way. We're in the middle of a pandemic like we've never seen before. And it's affecting everything that we do that delivers resources to our community. So I think House of Appropriations has always done a great job with a listening tour going around the state and listening to baronters. And I think we need to do that with a deeper probe and to make sure we're understanding the values that we stand for as Vermont because a budget is a moral document. And we need to make different choices. We need to be creative in all kinds of ways to make our budget work. We're very fortunate that our FY 21 budget is pretty much intact as it's been but it's gonna be a real challenge with FY 22. And I think we have to be very creative and we have to really understand what are the needs of baronters and how do we best address them? Thank you. I'm gonna use this opportunity to insert a question that was sent to us. And it's directed at Taylor but I think it's like everybody that can get an opportunity to answer this. It's about who you're gonna copy it with and so Taylor you did not run in the progressive primary. You ran in the Democratic primary. The caller asked your materials show that you will and you have said you will ally with the and copy to the progressive. It's no real mention of the Democrats yet you're running in the Democratic primary. Does this seem failed? Great question. So in running as a fusion candidate both progressive and Democratic I ran in the Democratic primary because the hope is is that there will be coalition building and collaboration and understanding that when it comes to caucusing I do plan on caucusing with the progressive caucus but I'm not opposed and would actually enjoy also caucusing with the Democratic party and understanding that there is a lot of alignment there and movements where we can keep going and making sure that we're holding onto those progressive values. And I think I'm already creating those connections with folks who are serving now and are set to serve come January as well as folks who are both fusion candidates just like myself who are vying for their spots and will be in the house here shortly. Thank you. How do you caucus with? I will continue caucusing if I'm elected with the Democratic caucus. I think we have a very strong platform that meets the needs of Vermonters. We were very excited to overturn the governor's veto for an increase in the minimum wage. I think we need to do a lot more work there and we certainly made some strong efforts with getting through a environmental bill that I think is gonna finally hold our state accountable to reaching its goals. So I will continue caucusing with the Democrats. And what's your view of progressive caucus due to Dems and the Progressive Caucus? We certainly work together on certain issues, absolutely. So I think as I like to think of it, I think progressives are more lasered to some of the issues that we're trying to push through and we certainly have joined forces and vice versa. Thank you, James. You're running as an independent. Who would you be caucusing with? Hi, Lauren, thank you. I would caucus with whomever is in the majority. This is an area where I'm gonna disagree with how, and it's one of the reasons why I'm running as an independent is the Democrats have a supermajority. And I think passing a minimum wage bill of $15 that doesn't even come to fruition for several more years is kind of a slap in the face to working Vermonters. Especially during a pandemic. I work on a night shift at a grocery store handling freight. And there's no one that feels that the Democratic supermajority has been answering the needs of the working class right now, far from it. And especially me, a single dad, trying to balance several jobs and childcare and homeschooling, it's untenable out here. I don't understand how the supermajority can move along thinking that they've done everything they could. And if the governor vetoes it, it's on him. But I expect more from the supermajority, quite frankly. And the progressives should be pushing them harder. So did you say you would join the caucus with the Democrats? I would caucus with the majority. So if that is who it is, come this session. Yes, I would caucus with the Democrats. Okay, thank you. I'm gonna go on to this question about racial equity. I'm gonna start with Hal. Postman, I'm gonna just remind folks that for those of you who may have just joined us, you are welcome to call. We are speaking with three candidates for the House and Winiske, who is the House, this is six, seven. And we will take your calls at 802-862-396. So Hal, you talked a little bit about some significant work that the legislature is undertaking and you're completely involved in. Here's the question that we asked everyone in advance. Vermont passed some racial equity legislation in the past few years. Are you satisfied that Vermont and the legislature is doing enough with mantle systemic and institutional racism in this state? And do you support reparations and apologizing for Vermont's role in slavery and systemic racism? Well, to answer your first question, I don't think we have done enough. So I'm working hard to put in place some strategies that may get us there. I do support reparations and apologizing for Vermont's role in slavery and systemic racism. We support it PROC 2, which has changed some of the language in our constitution that was very ambiguous around whether or not we had outlawed, outruled slavery or not, where we had in fact endorsed indentured servitude for people of color. So that's a process that'll take several years. We got through the first hurdle. But more importantly, I am looking to stand up through legislation with a bill that I'd be working on with a colleague to create a Truth and Reconciliation Commission for Vermont. So that would involve other partners who would essentially fund it through grants that are available out there around the country. And until we have a serious conversation about the harm that we have all experienced through systemic and institutional racism, we can't get our heads wrapped around reparations. And I think that's the process that Vermont needs now. And I'm willing to step up and lead that effort and put in place a law that makes that happen. Thank you very much. James Sellers, what's your view on this question of Vermont's role in systemic racism and the steps the legislature has taken to address the use since they've gone far enough in support reparations and apologizing for our role in slavery? Well, first, as obviously a white man, I'm going to start by offering an apology to my black brothers and sisters, brown brothers and sisters, people of all color for Vermont's role in slavery. It's been particularly bothersome to me that we have sort of glossed over the fact that slavery existed here for quite a long time, even after we supposedly eliminate it in our constitution while people look the other way involving even Supreme Court justices. So this is one area where I hold Hal in high regard and admiration. And I do not believe we've done nearly as someone with interracial relatives in my family. This is an issue that is personally important to me. And it's also just important to me on a very basic level of human dignity. I look forward to talking to Hal about what we do to explore starting by taking legal action against the corporations that have financially benefited the most over the years, particularly the tobacco industry comes to mind and the textile industry and those fortunes have been passed on from generation to generation. So I think the role for starting with reparations at that level now. Thank you very much. Taylor Small, your view of this question is Ramon's role in treating the human racism allegedly through role and we've gone hard enough with the policies and revelations. Great question. And I think just fundamentally when we think about systemic racism or institutionalized racism, it is racism that is embedded within the system and just continued on by the folks who are participating in it. So have we gone far enough? No, because we're still here having this conversation which is recognizing the fact that racism is alive and well, even here in the state of Vermont. And knowing that it's going to take so much more work and I think it's beautiful that Hal brings up this Truth and Reconciliation Commission and understanding that there is so much learning that we as a collective state need to understand and way more inter interrogation into how our systems are actually upholding these racist modalities. And so, yes, I think we do need to explore reparations. Yes, I think we need to also recognize our history and slavery. And I also want to acknowledge that on Monday it was Indigenous People's Day and so not only have we performed slavery here, but we have also unseated the Wabanaki Confederacy and the Wabanaki people from their land and still have yet to make reparations for the harm that we have caused to our Indigenous neighbors. And so there is, again, so much work and so many bills that need to happen and I think it is a great start to do this Truth and Reconciliation Commission and I really applaud you, Hal, on moving forward with that and also recognizing that there is education that we need to be moving forward as well within our education system and making sure that we're funding a truly diverse history that doesn't just focus on white people. Very good, thank you very much for your frank responses. James, I'm going to start with you and the question has to do with healthcare and again, what's your appraisal of the delivery of healthcare in Vermont, especially in light of COVID and what kind of changes would you be working for if you were to go through the legislation? I'm sorry, was this question directed to me? Yes. You're breaking up. Yes. Okay, and the question is on the healthcare issue? Yes, sir. Okay, great. Well, this is a wonderful question in the sense that I'm glad that you're relating it to the fact that COVID has just brought it further into focus. There has been a healthcare issue in this state for some time and once again, we sort of glossed over it by the fact that we have such a high insurance coverage rate, many of us can't access the insurance because we can't afford the deductibles and many of those insurance plans don't include dental or vision as if our teeth and our eyes aren't important to our health. So at a minimum, I would like to start with the state of Vermont offering. We're always talking about how we want more people to move to Vermont. We want to be friendly to business with the state of Vermont offering to all Vermont citizens the same exact coverage that the administration provides for itself. We're all essential. And the fact that some of us only get lip service when it comes to that is, it's maddening to a lot of us, quite frankly. As far as the externalities of healthcare, well, that's not an issue. I think any one of the three of us can address in this legislative session, given the complexities, but at a minimum, the state of Vermont should not be letting employers exploit Vermonters who are working or who are incapable of work. Okay, thank you. So your view of the healthcare issue, you mentioned in your opening statements, it sounds like it's an important issue for you. What do you think need to happen next in the legislative arena around healthcare reform? This issue is deeply personal and really understanding that just four years ago I found myself unemployed due to my identity and not able to have an income to be able to take care of my healthcare.  And that should never be the case. And understanding that because of the Affordable Care Act, I was grateful and lucky enough to be able to be covered under my parents insurance. And still, as James highlights, when we look at these deductibles and co-pays that we are expecting and forcing our communities to pay, what we see time and time again from the Department of Health is that folks are delaying their care. They're not going to see a doctor because they can't afford it. And that should never be the case. Where we need to be moving is making sure that healthcare is affordable. And the way that we do that is through a single payer healthcare system that is actually making sure that these statewide benefits are comparable to the private corporations that exist right now and are able to actually support everyone in that process. And making sure that everyone has access regardless of they are connected to employment or regardless of their age. Thank you, Brian. We go on to Hal. I'm just going to let everyone know that the next round, you get to ask a question of the other candidates. So think about those while Hal is telling us what he thinks the future of healthcare needs to be in the state of Vermont as a legislator from Winniske. Thank you. Thank you. I would like to focus on the inequities in healthcare that have been really brought to light through the COVID pandemic. I'm really excited about what's happening at the UVM Medical Center. I serve on their board and I also serve on a steering committee that relates to equity, diversity and inclusion. And what UVM Medical Center is underway in making a commitment to become an anti-racist organization. That's huge. And that is a process that will take a long, long time. It's about the process. It's not about the destination. But I'm really hopeful that a large institution such as that is making such a commitment. And of course, there are the flagship in the UVM health network. So my hope is that this will become a best practice and other smaller institutions can learn and understand how they too can improve healthcare outcomes by dealing with the inequities that have been baked into this system from its very beginning. So I'm very hopeful that that will be a change that we can all look towards and experience the benefits as promoters. Thank you very much. Taylor Small, why don't you start with a question for the other candidates? Thank you so much. So something that is highlighted for me is thinking about the recent protests that were happening in Burlington regarding the Burlington Police Department and law enforcement oversight and just law enforcement harassment, specifically of Brown and Black individuals in our community. And I want to know from both of your points of view, what does police reform look like here in the state of Vermont? Or what would you like to see? Thank you. This is a kind of lightning round. So Hal, you've got a minute. Okay. What I would like to see is more citizen input. And I would like to even go further that we should have a structure of citizen oversight that has power. Okay. Because the police serve us, the community. And we need to have power and able to direct how policing is done in the 21st century. So it best meets the needs of our citizens. Therefore, we need to have auxiliary support. So every call is not for the police. If you have someone in a mental health crisis, that's probably not a good fit for an officer. They're not trained to properly handle and mitigate those kinds of challenges. So we need to be creative and we need to involve our community. And how do we reshape policing? So police are there to serve and protect, not to harm. Thank you, James. What's your view of police reform? I think you heard Taylor's question. You have a minute. Yeah, it's a good question. I agree with everything Hal said. I would also add in that I played a role in the passage of the PTSD workman's comp bill, which police officers weren't being given workman's comp for PTSD related illnesses. And we're either being forced out of their careers or being forced to work when they were not healthy. So in addition to making sure that we have other support people for officers, if we want peace officers, which I do, better police officers, actual peace officers, then we also need to change our expectations of what we're asking those folks to do. And that would best be done through citizen oversight with authority, because the Burlington situation certainly highlights a number of the legal complications involved with trying to dismiss an officer that everyone felt really should help. Perfect, thank you. We have a call from the outside world, Kevin. Can you focus up? We're the candidates and I'm wondering, as a Wynuski resident, what they think they can do in their positions in order to begin to mitigate the effects of the F-35 on the community, especially here in Wynuski. That's good. We're gonna start with James. How can we mitigate the effects of the F-35s? Well, while we work to relocate the F-35 to a full-time Air Force base, given the Air Force didn't even wish Burlington his first choice, I intend to introduce a bill that is based on a 2013 bill introduced by then Wynuski representative, George Cross, which would generate revenue, specifically for mitigation of sound. This obviously has limitations because we all don't just live inside and not all of us have access to centralized climates in our apartments or homes. But that said, we can do this with a tax on air travel, which would also serve to address some of the climate issues that we're facing and the air sector's contribution to carbon emissions, not to mention the military's carbon emissions. So, and then the second part of that is, we need the Attorney General to step up on the PFAS contamination issues that are polluting the groundwater. I mean, this is a carcinogen that we already know has contaminated the groundwater and the surface water in our communities. And this is a direct result of the Air National Guard's use of a PFAS AFFF phone. So there's a number of things we can do while we continue to work to give the Air Force back their F-35, but I believe that that needs to start with Wynuski representation. Thank you very much, Taylor Small, your approach to mitigating the effects of the F-35 on Wynuski. I agree that we need to be working on a plan to relocate the F-35s of our state and understanding the significant health impacts and just safety concerns from our neighbors here in Wynuski. I've heard folks describe our beautiful city as uninhabitable or feeling as if they're living in a war zone, and that should not be the case and understanding that it will take a lot of work, it will take strong advocates in our house and especially our higher positions and our U.S. representatives and senators and pushing and making sure that our representation is actually for us and hearing our concerns. And so in the meantime, understanding that we should be working towards weatherization and soundproofing in homes in Wynuski, not only because of the enormous sound impact of these F-35s, but because of the age of the homes here in Wynuski and making sure that they are habitable for all folks and making sure that housing is safe for all folks and as well as reducing the number of flights that are happening currently and understanding that they are in excess and again, torturing our communities here in Wynuski. Thank you. Hal Colston, how should we mitigate the F-35s in Wynuski? Well, in terms of recent history, Wynuski has pursued a lawsuit to prevent this from happening. We've written a secretary of the Air Force. We petitioned our congressional delegation and have been rebuffed at all efforts. So I think what's missing in this equation right now is that we need to have a seat at the airport commission. We need to have a voice and that's underway, but that needs to be in place because there's no way that we can be impacted like this and don't have a voice to represent our community. I too believe that the noise mitigation grant program is what we have before us. There are some final decisions being made to deploy that. And I think we need to be very aggressive with getting as much of the resources as possible into our city as soon as possible to address the soundproofing that needs to take place to make people's homes as safe as possible from the noise. We have time actually for closing comments. So we didn't all get a chance to ask each other questions. I hope that's okay. That was a good question. Thanks for asking, but let's go to closing comments and Taylor, why don't we start with you?  Thank you so much. And I think a highlighting piece here when we think about our government is making sure that it is representative of the people that it serves and understanding that the way that our legislature looks right now is primarily white, it's primarily older, it's primarily straight and primarily cisgender. And when we're thinking about having a fresh perspective and when we're thinking about making sure that our bills are under the lens of those that are going to be most impacted, it's going to come from the voices that we elect to have serve in the legislature. So I'm proud to be running as the first out transgender woman who is going to be serving in the legislature come January and making sure that all of our voices here in Manuski and statewide are heard. Thank you very much. Taylor Smalls running as a Democrat slash progressive. Am I correct on that? Yes. And James Ellers, your closing comments please, James Ellers is running as an independent for this seat. Find the mute button here. Yep. First, I'd like to thank both the other candidates for being willing to step up and serve in the legislature. I think we all probably realize at this point I even before stepping into another race realize just what a personal toll and commitment it is to do so. That said, I'm running as an independent, not by accident as someone who has spent 20 something years around the state house. And I believe that we need independent thinking. There's too much group think that goes on. There's too much tribalism and someone that is a dad to four school age children in the middle of a pandemic who doesn't feel that it's inhabitable because of F 35 knows it is. My kids cannot play outside. It's not okay for me or anyone else to wait 15 years for mitigation. So on day one, I will be introducing legislation to transition the guard to a peacekeeping mission away from these offensive combat roles with systems designed to carry nuclear weapons. And together with you, we can do that. We can bring the working class into the state house instead of the political class dominating the discussions right now. Thank you. Thanks so much. Hal Colston, your closing comments, please. Thank you. I just want to say I'm really proud to serve for the past two years in the legislature. I am hopefully doing you well. I love to hear from my constituents and connect with them and problem solve. So I hope to continue doing that work as well. I think it's important to understand to get work done in that house, the people's house, you know, we have to collaborate. We have to work with each other. We have to work across the aisles in order to get things done and change comes in incremental ways. But as long as we have our eye on the prize and we understand our needs and where we're trying to go, I think we can all get there together. So I just want to thank again, all of those who have supported me and I really look forward to your continued support. Well, I want to thank the three of you joining us, candidates for the Winnicki House seat, District 6-7, Taylor Small running as a Democrat Progressive, Hal Colston incumbent running as a Democrat and James Ellers running as an Independent. There are two seats, three candidates. So don't forget to come out either before November 3rd and vote or come out on November 3rd and vote. Thanks for watching continuing coverage of General Elections 2020, your town meeting TV. Stay tuned, we'll be back with the candidates from South Burlington. Thanks for watching.


So I'm Richard Sever. I'm co-founder of the Preprint Service Bio Archive and Met Archive, and I'm Assistant Director of Cold Spring Hubber Laboratory Press at Cold Spring Hubber Laboratory. Well, I think it's important because we know that content resides in a number of different places with different functionalities across the web and students need to be able to navigate between these different locations and have a common experience so that they can integrate them in their learning. So any initiative that increases interoperability ensures that people have a common experience and facilitates moving between these necessarily distinct locations online seems like a good idea to me. So we already know that students are using our content for journal clubs and also for kind of undergraduate learning Bio Archive Preprints are appearing in curricula that lecturers are giving their students. So we, and we're already integrating discussion from elsewhere on the web around Bio Archive. So we've kind of really, we've always been interested in this notion of content about content. And I think that's where this kind of like social learning fits. So any initiative that is about making better accessibility and better interoperability of content about content is gonna be of interest to us. Well, we already have a dashboard on Bio Archive which launches and allows readers to discover and read this content about content, content coming in from a variety of sources that has discussions and evaluations of papers. Now that's currently mainly for expert readers, other researchers, but you can imagine that if more and more students are reading papers in this way that such a dashboard could also integrate educational resources pointing to the content. So that you would be pointed to and be able to discover not only what other researchers are saying but what kind of teaching groups are saying about the content. Well, I think I would say, I mean, you just think about how the web has operated since its inception. You know, whatever you have on your website it is only gonna be one of many websites that your users are visiting. And if you can have a common experience if there's an easy way to move between these different sites and they're interoperable then your users are gonna like coming to you because it makes sense to them. So to me, it seems like a natural extension of the way the web should work. And we already have a variety of web standards. You know, everybody uses HTML and this just seems like a natural extension of that to provide a common experience and a better user experience across content that resides in a whole bunch of different buckets that are owned by a whole bunch of different people.


Former Giants quarterback Jared Lorenzen has passed away. Really? Yeah, 38 years old. Stories were out last night in this morning that he was dealing with a multitude of health issues and was in the hospital. I read a couple of articles about it this morning. And now Jeremy Shapp, as well as others, have confirmed that he did pass away at 38 years old. Of course, he was known as the hefty lefty, the Pillsbury throwboy, which I thought was the best nickname ever. Pillsbury throwboy. Are you able to still, like, have fond memories of sort of those funny things when ultimately it was his health that gave weight on him? That's the thing that's really a problem in this country is that we kind of look at being overweight as like the jolly fat man. We kind of look at that as, oh, isn't that funny? It's a problem. It's going to be a health problem, especially when you get older. It's one thing when you're overweight and you're showing a picture of him on yes. I mean, he wasn't big for a quarterback. He was a big, big, big for a human being. And then you turn 38 and you're not playing professional sports anymore. You're not working out. You're not trying to get yourself better. And unfortunately, these are the things that happen. So being overweight is a problem. And again, I don't know how much of his overweight situation led to his demise. But ultimately, we shouldn't merely be laughing at those situations. They should be corrected. Did he have any serious potential or was he just he was a backup? He was going to be a man. I just think that he was something of an oddity to watch.  And he was he was pretty decent. He had a good arm. He made some things happen. But most of it was just the fact that it was just it was a spectacle to watch. But I don't think he had any possibility of ever being a starting quarterback in the NFL for any length of time anyway. But that's at 38 years old. My God. Yeah. He was six before. And he'd gotten really heavy in the past several years. And there was that thing about him raising money and trying to really get his health together. So it's a pretty sad end to that story. But I wanted to report that.


Well, you guys know that Steve and I went to Chile to see a total eclipse, so we like the stars in astronomy as much as just about anybody. So I'm here with Corey Lee of Celestron, and you've got an interesting product here. Why don't you tell us about it? Yes, we do. So what we have here is the world's first smartphone-driven auto-locating telescope. Oh, wait a minute, wait a minute. This is actually going to drive from the phone? Well, yes. The phone will actually provide guidance for you. You'll point out everything up in the sky, so now you can simply move it and follow the arrow that is on the screen, and once the arrow shortens enough, you'll hit the object, and then you'll tell you that there, you see in the eyepiece, take a look at it. Oh, my gosh. So we have an audio audience as well, so I'm going to describe this. So on the iPhone, he's looking at the stars in an app, obviously that is seeing it. That's not actually... The telescope is not seeing the stars right now because we're inside. That's absolutely right. So what we have done here is basically because we're indoor, we created a little demo mode. So what's happening is I'm going to move it away from the target for a second. And now there's bright orange arrows saying this is where you want to go because that's what you said you wanted to be at Delta Episcium. So basically for every night, based on the information from the phone, GPS information, time, location, so you will give you a list of objects that are the best objects you'll get under the sky for that night. Okay, so we see the moon, Messier 39, double cluster, NGC 869, one of my all-time favorites. Great, that's one of your all-time favorites. Let's see if the demo mode will actually, all the time and everything works out right. It says city viewable. So I just clicked on double cluster. And now it says locate on the phone. So the app itself will actually give you all the information of the object you're looking at as well as providing a little bit of multimedia clip, a little audio clip to give you more information about the object. It's like having an astronomer with you. It's telling you why this is cool. Exactly. And astronomer that's actually built into the app of the smartphone. Now once you're done with the information, you want to actually take a look at what object that looks, what it looks like, right? So simply press this locate button. Here, I'll get it from here. I got a better angle for you. There you go. Oh, so now we see arrows on screen and a lot of the constellations and we can now start moving the telescope manually. That is correct. So the app itself through the use of the auto sensors as well as the camera. So the camera of the phone is actually pointing at the mirror, which is actually looking at the same sky that your telescope is pointing at. Oh, no way. Okay. So the sensors itself, it helps, but then it's not accurate enough for the type of accuracy you need for astronomy. You really need to do what we call place solving, which is just pattern recognition, recognizing the star pattern up in the sky. And then once it does a bunch of calculations and then you figure out what it's pointing at. So after it does that, now it's telling us you are that far away from the double cluster. So you can simply just follow the arrow. Oh, I think I went the wrong direction. Oh, we're going to try to go straight up. We might have picked the wrong cluster. That's the problem with the demo mode, right? So I'm going to pick something else just so that... Let's pick something we can actually get to. So let's see if we... Messy A39. And that seems like a fine choice. So now we can go to the side here. So... Are you moving towards it or farther away? So it looks like it might be pretty far away. So it may seem like it's not doing much. We're going in a circle around... This is a challenging video, we're going in a circle around it. Looks like it's exactly 180 degrees, that's why it's giving us a little funky thing. So I'm going to go fast toward that side so maybe the camera can meet me on the other end. We'll catch up on the other side. All right. All right, we're spinning around. He's getting the arrows to line up there. There it is. Okay. Oh, okay, now we can see it. The arrow... That's actually a better demo, by the way, because that's what you need to know how it actually works, right? Perfect. Now the arrows are getting closer to get...or farther apart here? The arrow is getting shorter, that means you're getting closer. Okay. Right? So as you get closer to it, you actually start zooming in and showing you more of what you are eventually going to be looking at. Yeah, as we're inching closer and closer, it's zooming in as we go. That's nifty. Exactly. Notice that the crosshair just turned yellow. So what that means is you had actually captured images of the sky and then figured out what it's pointing at. When it's red, it's not quite sure where it's at yet. It's just using all the sensor information. But once it's turned yellow, it knows where it's at. So what that means is you keep going, you keep going, and it turns green. So what does that mean? When it turns green, it turns green. That means the object is now in the eyepiece. Oh, wow. You put your eye to the eyepiece and you see it. As simple as that. As simple as that. Very, very cool. So this is an attachment that's on the StarSense Explorer LT. Is that part of the...you buy a telescope with this mount? Or do you retrofit or...? Right. So it's all built in as one system. So what we really want to do as we introduce this groundbreaking technology is to provide a very controlled product for everybody. So we want to have a very good experience for the end users. Retrofit would be really problematic, I would think. At least at the very beginning. So we wanted to make sure that everybody has a good experience at first. So we decided to have a product that's completely integrated with the dock. We have tried everything, including all the calculations regarding different eyepieces and modifications. We know that it works. And here we are. We're selling the complete product. Without the phone, of course. Very good. So this is called the StarSense Explorer LT and it's from Celestron. Exactly. It was made by Celestron. Celestron has been around for about 60 years. We're introducing two lines of new StarSense Explorers. Both got the same features with the built-in app dock for the phone. One is called StarSense Explorer LT. And we have another line which is bigger, better, and it's got a little bit more control and more sturdy. It's called the StarSense Explorer DX. Oh, sorry. StarSense Explorer DX, that's a larger mirror, right? That's a larger mirror. It's also a larger mount with slow-motion control. So it'll give you an even better experience using it. This is very cool. When are these going to be available? These are actually available immediately for shipping. Nice. And what's your price point on these two models here? Now here's the thing. We wanted to make sure that we want to make astronomy accessible for everybody. So we have all these technology built in so now that you can help you find everything up in the sky, so easy, right? Everything's so easy. But then we also want to make sure that it's affordable. So that's one way to do it. Just leverage what you have already spent money on. Everybody's got a smartphone. So let's let the smartphone do the heavy lifting. So with all that said, these are actually very affordable products. This DX goes for about $400, $399. And how big is that telescope? This is a 114 millimeter Newtonian and four and a half inches. And this is a 80 millimeter. The LT is the 80 millimeter? Right, 80 millimeter. So we have a refractor. We have a refractor. Two different favors. Right, right. And how much is the Explorer XT or LT, sorry? This is about $180. Wow, that is fantastic. That's right. This is very cool and we can find these at Celestron.com, C-E-L-E-S-T-R-O-N dot com, correct? Yeah, that's correct. It's on our website. Thank you very much for your time, Corey. Thank you.