The Central Bank of Nigeria CBN says it has lead to or no control over the pricing of either PMS or the dollar. Osage Clement, a principal manager with the APAS Bank disclosed these today while appearing before the House of Representatives at her committee investigating the recent hike in the price of fuel. Osage further explained that the demand for PMS has gone down by 30% due to its low demand following the hike in the price. He advised the federal government to discourage fuel importation and encourage local production as $150 million is currently being deployed for PMS importation monthly through CBN intervention, which is posing serious challenge to the economy. Underpassed, the Executive Director of Distribution Systems of the Niger Mainstream and Downstream Petroleum Regulatory Agency, NMD, PRA or Wogo or Kohau who also appeared before the at her committee stated that the prices of petrol is determined by the market's forces of demand and supply. Okay, for now we have seen that exchange rate continuous galloping of exchange rate has direct impact on PMS because we don't want the public to be agitated constantly when the state changes so frequently. Can we just take out PMS from the bucket and give it a special treatment so that we can have some level of stability in PMS price for a short time to give us room to put our house in order, maybe order local refiner to start working so we might not need to be imported to the product anymore. I think it will go a long way to help with some level of stability. With the regulation, the market forces of demand and supply will determine what prices of products will be. However, the SMPIA has given the authority quite enormous powers to intervene to avoid cattle building, which is why we've introduced competition to also deal with illegal profiteering and more importantly to work with FCCPC in relation to consumer protection and those are powers that we take very serious. While expressing worries over the low demand of petrol since the increment caused by the removal of subsidy, chairman of the committee on petrol price increase Honourable Baba Jimmy Benson called on the relevant regulators to regulate pricing since the Petroleum Industry Act BIA gave it to the powers to do so. Confidence of pricing has to do with foreign exchange. Fortunately for us, that has also been converged because of the single window, the black market rate and the official market rate where the government is trying to make it one and the same. In doing that, we've been told that the demand for foreign exchange has gone down, which is good for Nigeria and they promised that within four months we would see an increased flow of foreign exchange. We would also see a mass reduction in the volume of demand for foreign exchange. Secondly, this subsidy removal has caused a 30% reduction in the consumption of fuel.


This is stock number 20J123A. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used Jeep and Jeep Wrangler headquarters. Today we are checking out this super clean 2018 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sahara JK body style. This vehicle has the 3.6 liter Pentastar V6 motor. It has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop. Has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. The vehicle has been gone through mechanically 100% and is 100% ready to go. Firecracker red is the color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p 60 frames per second. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer tablet or smartphone device, turn them on right now because it's definitely your best way to ensure the quality and condition of the vehicle before seeing it in person. If you want to check out all the photos in the upper right hand part of your screen is a link right to our website. Click that and check us out there. Painted and polished aluminum 18 inch rims. It has Bridgestone Duler AT 25570R18 tires and they have probably about I'd say 70 to 80% of the tread left on them. Front fender is an excellent condition. Firecracker red one of my favorite colors. On the Wranglers it does have the LED fog lights, LED running lights, and LED headlamps on here. You get these silver inserts in these seven slotted grill signifying these seven continents that Jeep has been on. Hood is an excellent condition. Passenger side fender and front bumper is in nice shape as well. Didn't see any dents, dings, or scuffs on that fender and the passenger side rim. No scuffs or scrapes on there. As you go down this side of the vehicle you can see just how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the vehicle you can see the vehicle, hear the vehicle, and have confidence in what you're looking at before you even get here. So that when you do get here there's absolutely no surprises. Those door hinges all look really great and if you and that's why we offer these Summit Auto Fastpass option in the upper right-hand part of your screen a link right to our website where you can apply for financing. Get pre-approved, see a payment quote, even appraise the trade all from the comfort of your own home. Very nice under there. So basically all you have to do is come here, drive the vehicle, love it, and you're all set to go. Back tires have about I'd say 60% of the tread left, 60, 70, but we try and make it easy here at Summit. Rear bumper is in nice shape, no major dents or dings on that. It does have the full towing package which includes a receiver hitch and four pin wiring. Has a very nice American flag Jeep tire cover. The rear bumper piece is in nice shape as well and this one does come with the factory subwoofer, the floor mat back here.  There's your all-weather subwoofer and your jack tools are underneath there. It does come with your bolts here to get that hard top piece off, three on each side and then two on the top for a total of eight. You get two quick disconnects back here, those seats do fold down. Pretty nice and flat which I'll show you in just a little bit here. You can see the back door is in an excellent condition. That door shuts nice and solidly and as you go down this side of the vehicle just as clean as that passenger side, no dents, dings or scuffs on that driver's side fender there and for full disclosure this back rim is in excellent shape as well. The hard top on this vehicle is in nice shape as well. I didn't see any cracks or scuffs or anything like that and down the rest of this side those doors are in great shape, no dents or dings on those. Has the power heated mirrors.  There are no rips or tears on the seats. You get the Sahara stitched backrest, very nice and clean. Driver's seat height adjuster, factory all-weather floor mats throughout, auto headlamps, power windows, power locks and power mirrors and as we hop inside the vehicle here you can see that this one has 21,643 miles. You get a compass and outside temperature display. You get a leather wrapped steering wheel. That's a nice shape. Bluetooth and information center controls on the left and cruise controls on the right. You also get audio controls on the back of the steering wheel and yes we will be putting some fuel in this vehicle right after this video. Has the 430N radio which gives you AMFM and Sirius XM radio capabilities as well as the factory navigation system. It also has a hard drive on here that you can store music and pictures and there's 28 gigabits of space on there. Like I said AMFM and Sirius XM radio capabilities.  All weather format and passenger seat are in excellent condition as well. This vehicle has never been smoked in. Front hardtop pieces are in excellent condition and just very, very nice inside. We'll take a quick look at the back seats. You also get a 115 volt, 150 watt plug-in. The back seats are just as nice as the front seats. No rips, no tears back here. It does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats. All weather format all the way across. Like I said those seats go down pretty nice and flat for hauling anything extra. You do get child safety locks on the back doors and we'll take a quick look under the hood. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you will been able to tell just how clean this Jeep is all the way around inside and out. Under the hood we have the 3.6 liter Pentastar V6 motor engine base. Very clean, runs very smooth. This Jeep has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. The Jeep has been gone through mechanically 100% and is 100% ready to go. I would highly recommend it from a quality and condition standpoint and to see more pictures of this Jeep or one of our other 450 newly used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, halftones, recoder tones, one-tons, you name it we got to go to our website www.summitauto.com. Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com. If you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summitauto. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see there. In fact in a second you'll see link to subscribe to our YouTube channel on your left. A link to more Wrangler videos like this one on your right if you have not been to our website. On the bottom link to this vehicle on our website click those checks out and we really look forward to helping you with this super clean 2018 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sahara JK in firecracker red. Thanks again.


I convey my sincere condolences for all the lives lost to the pandemic. In all the countries, there is no parallel to such a pandemic in 100 years. Experience shows that no nation, however powerful that nation each, can solve a challenge like this in isolation. The biggest lesson from the COVID-19 pandemic is that for humanity and the human cause, we have to work together and move ahead together. We have to learn from each other and guide each other about our best practices. Right from the beginning of this pandemic, India has been committed to sharing all our experiences, expertise, and resources with the global community in this battle. Despite all our constraints, we have tried to share as much as possible with the world and we remain eager to learn from global practices.


Hey, what's up coach? I want to break down the three most popular mistakes that I see that coaches make when they're trying to market themselves on Instagram. And if this video helps you, please subscribe to the channel so you can stay updated with the newest videos that I post about marketing sales. If you have a local training business, this channel is for you. Okay, the number one marketing mistake that I see that most coaches make is if someone comments on your video or they comment on your photo or they like something, I can assure you if you're watching this, you're not following up with them.  You're waiting for them to come to you instead of going to them. So if someone has any level of engagement with you, you need to message them and spark a conversation to get them over to an application call, which is a sales call. That is something I know most coaches in this industry are not doing. And if you start doing that, I think you'll use Instagram as a tool to get more clients and to drive more sales conversations versus just waiting. And I know a lot of coaches that have 50K to 100K followers that don't do what I'm talking about. And I know some people that have between 500 followers and 1,000 followers that do that. I promise you the guys that have 500 followers to 1,000 followers that actually do what I'm talking about, they're making way more money than the ones who have 50K followers to 100,000 followers. I can promise you that. I see it every day. All right, that's number one. Number two is when you run a camp or a clinic, if you just post an online flyer and that's it, if you go to Instagram, you upload the flyer and if that's all you do, if that's all you rely on, could you get people to sign up? Yes. But can you do that for a long period of time? No, because you're only just posting one thing. And the thing is, the coaches that I work with, when I look at camps and clinics, doing an online flyer, that should be like 5% of the marketing. But you'll need to post that multiple times. You can't just post one thing and that be it. You have to really market yourself, not just on Instagram, but outside of it. So that could be texting parents. That could be calling parents. That could be sending multiple emails and creating more urgency. That could be getting referrals for the clinic. There's so many other things outside of just posting one little flyer that can help you grow your business, especially with camps and clinics. And I see it happen all the time too with when coaches, when they talk about their training program and they'll just post flyers. That is not going to work because it blends in with what everybody else is doing. And if you don't believe me, go look at the other coaches on Instagram and watch what they're doing. Everybody's doing this sort of stuff. Last, it's creating a piece of content with zero call to action. This is something like, if you watch my YouTube channel, I do this in every video. I always say, hey, if you want more help with your business, shoot me a text and I put my number. At this point, thousands of people across the world have my phone number and I have spoken to so many coaches because I have a clear call to action. A lot of coaches though, when they post things, they don't do that. They just post the video or post the photo and that's it. Now if you have a clear call to action, then you can move people who see something off of Instagram and get them back into your ecosystem where now they're paying attention to what you're doing or they're filling out a form or they're texting you or they're calling you, whatever it is that you want to do, we need to move them off the platform. Now if you move them off the platform, now you have more control of marketing because right now, if you're on Instagram and you post something, you're competing against all the people who spend money on ads. You're competing against Beyonce, all the popular superstars and you're competing against every single person that these parents are following. If you keep them on the platform, that is not good. You need to move them off the platform as quickly as possible and you do that by giving it a clear call to action. Those are the three mistakes that I see. If you fix those things, you can use Instagram and Facebook and social media as a tool, as a weapon in your business where you can get way more clients than you could ever think of. If you want more business strategies like this, make sure and do two things. Number one, hit the subscribe button. Number two, text me. I'm free to take a 15 to 20 minute Zoom call with you. I'd love to learn more about you and your business. All you have to do in order to do that is go to the first link in the description right below this video and you can get set up there. That's it. See you later.


Welcome to the Texas Heart Institute educational programs featuring cardiology in the time of COVID-19 pandemic. The title of today's presentation is cardiac cath lab and STEMI in the time of COVID-19. So today we have with us Dr. Zvonamir Krazier who's an interventional cardiologist at the Texas Heart Institute and program director of peripheral vascular intervention at THI as well as clinical professor of medicine at the Bayer College of Medicine. And George Eunice who is an interventional cardiologist at THI and associate program director of our fellowship program in addition to being the medical director of PCI and STEMI services at Baylor St. Luke's Medical Center. And my name is Emerson Perrin, I'm the medical director of the Heart Institute and the medical director of the catheterization laboratory at BSLMC. Thank you Dr. Perrin. What are the disruptive effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the healthcare services? We know that COVID-19 is a new pandemic with enormous impact on healthcare, on the hospitals, many specialties, intensive care units, staff and equipment. And cardiac cath lab is certainly not an exception to this particular problem. To improve safety of our patients and staff we have to reorganize our patient flow, we have to reorganize procedural steps and implement new restrictive measures when and how we perform the procedures. If at all possible these measures should be implemented before the worst of the major outbreak of this pandemic is happening in our community. So as we focus this short program in this ever-changing world of COVID we really want to focus on the cardiac catheterization laboratory and some very fundamental and important steps and try to share some of the interactions and results from the interactions we've had with our colleagues around the world and also in the common spirit program. So first of all it seems logical to really want to perform these procedures safely only in a designated COVID-19 environment. And that means a dedicated COVID cath lab in the catheterization laboratory. In the case of THI all the cath labs have positive flow and that is something that as it turns out seems to be an acceptable way to work. Of course keeping in mind the second point is that we really need to be extremely strict in using and implementing PPE for every single procedure. So what are the main things that we've done to prepare the catheterization laboratory in terms of the COVID situation? Well first of all we've gone, this is an ever-moving target and we really have gone from doing some elective procedures and looking at guidelines that have come from Sky and from ACC and letters that have been put out and gradually reducing the volume of the elective procedures too. We've gotten to a point where we really do not do elective procedures now and do what we call tier 2 and tier 1 cases which are emergent or urgent type cases that the patient will impact the patient directly if they're not done. Many times cardiology is an interesting specialty in that it's quite fluid, it's difficult to predict certain outcomes so we do the best that we can with common clinical sense using our judgment many times. There aren't always cookbook answers to these questions. The other things then that we want to do is also be mindful of the staffing of the cath lab. Who are the interventional, are they going to be involved and with the primary idea of reducing the staff that are exposed. And there's three cardinal things that we always want to keep in mind, number one exposure of the patients, number two exposure of the staff and number three preservation of our resources. Dr. Eunice has done a really fantastic job in putting together what I think are some really key questions that I think we can explore, answer and will sort of help us encompass our approach to COVID patients with acute urgent or emergent cardiovascular issues that need to be addressed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. So the first question is this and I'll let George answer it is do we assume that all patients have COVID-19 until proven otherwise? Thank you Emerson. Thank you Zvonko. That is a very difficult question and certainly a lot of protocols that have been developed have looked at well you have patients that you know are high risk for COVID positivity they may have a fever and cough and those cases are easy but we are knowing more and more that there are patients who can still disseminate the virus who have scant symptoms if any. And so in an emergent situation where you're worried about a STEMI the most prudent thing is probably to assume that the patient is COVID positive, take all the necessary precautions for yourself and for your staff because aside from the human aspects of getting sick if the more people are exposed the more people get put on quarantine and then you don't have enough staff to take care of other patients that may come through in the coming weeks. So I think that's the most prudent thing to do. And I think an important point in that is that testing is critical and availability and the rapidity of testing as it becomes available will have a major impact as we can quickly identify these patients versus now when that kind of delays things and we'll talk about Lord of Balloon time. We sure need that badly. We need rapid tests very, very soon. Second question we don't have a negative pressure cath lab so what do we do with that George? Well as it turns out very few if any centers do have negative pressure cath labs because like all operating suites they're generated they're to be positive pressure environments not to draw in microbes in from the outside but with the COVID patient we don't want to be blowing any aerosolized particles outward but unfortunately turning the positive pressure room into a negative pressure room isn't just a flip of the switch thing. If you're lucky enough to have a window apparently this may be an option. I mean I'm not an engineer but this is what I've heard. The next best thing is to continue in your positive pressure environment as we mentioned before but maybe with the installation of a HEPA filter or other relevant filters to sort of do the best you can to filter out any microbes from being transmitted. Yes we were recently on a webinar with international and national centers and actually it was interesting to see when our colleagues in Chicago had they had transformed one of their rooms to have a HEPA filter in it. I thought that was very interesting. Okay let's go to the next question so should cath lab staff wear full PPE for all cases? I think that is certainly the most prudent thing to do in the spirit of protecting everybody as much as possible. It does probably add time and some burden to the case for every technician or scrub tech or every nurse to be in full PPE because that's not what we normally do but I think that is the most prudent course. Okay and now let's get into a little bit more when we're talking about these urgent and emerging cases we're really going to start talking a little bit about STEMI specifically because that's what we're dealing with. And just as an aside I think it was interesting that many centers around the world and in the country have noticed the actual decrease in STEMI volume and that's maybe something that changes or that's temporary or we really don't know the explanation for maybe some of these patients are staying at home and we'll be seeing them later. Nonetheless we haven't gotten the idea that the cath labs are being inundated with these acute cases although there's some peculiarities that we need to talk about. So first of all should stable or low risk patients be considered for thrombolysis and if so where do you do the thrombolysis and then how do you follow up on that? Yeah very complex question but I think most centers are definitely considering use of thrombolysis even in PCI capable centers in particular patients who may be low risk. The use of thrombolytics up front if successful may obviate their need to go to the cath lab at any point and especially you know if you have a patient who is highly suspicious for COVID if you can keep that patient out of the cath lab that that may be a great thing to do if there's not much of a trade-off in terms of patient outcomes. So you know what is a low risk semi-patient? The recent sky guidance sort of outlines several features that may be relevant for that but patients who are maybe a hemodynamically stable inferior MI, lateral MI but anybody who's you know has hemodynamic instability would not really fit in that category. So I think thrombolytics devices should actually to absolutely be considered because you know you may protect your staff and you may conserve now as to where it occurs that's that's a bit more complicated because if you're assuming these patients have come in through the ED then probably it makes most sense for the patient to get thrombolytics in the ED. Most EDs have have some comfort with this concept from taking care of stroke patients and so hopefully you know modifying existing protocols to allow thrombolysis to occur for STEMI patients would be sort of a lateral move in that regard. There may be some centers however where they don't feel comfortable doing that and what the patient may move to an ICU but these things are probably institutionally based and need to be carefully thought out as part of your protocol and then the question becomes well what happens if the thrombolysis is successful and the patient's doing fine then you know you have some time to decide if you're going to take the patient to the lab and during that time you can learn whether or not the patient is COVID positive. As it stands now you're lucky if your center can get you results in a day and so if the patient has successful thrombolysis you monitor them in the COVID unit you wait for the COVID results to come back and then you know what's going on with the patient and you can decide do we need to risk stratify this patient further and take before taking them to the lab or do we just take them to the lab or do we can or what do we do next. Now if they're COVID positive it becomes more complicated because there's a you know you may say gosh the sooner we can get this patient out of the hospital the the less risk there is everybody else and follow up the coronary disease at a later time frame. These are complex questions that are going to of course be very individualized but they're very important. And I don't want to give our listeners also the idea and I don't think that you've done this but just to kind of reinforce the point is that what was your impression in that how are most of the centers around the world and here in the U.S. dealing with STEMIs did you get the feeling that there's just this shift of thrombolysis or is there really continued mainly direct PCI going on? Yeah well my impression even coming from the gentleman that we heard coming to Italy was that primary PCI was still the mainstay but I think a lot of people are looking at it as well as we lose if the availability of PPE continues to go down and even the availability of healthy doctors and staff goes down we may need to really look at thrombolysis and more patients but I think currently outside of some papers that came from China everybody else still seems to be favoring in practical time practical work using primary PCI most of the time. Okay and and then that takes us to an interesting question which relates to getting a clue you know some of these patients with COVID they have myopericardial involvement and they may have really mycarditis with ST changes that look like a STEMI and then what can you do to identify these patients so should ECHO be used more often prior to deciding to go to the cath lab and then how do you make that logistically happen how do you operationalize that? Right so I think this is a really important and useful point and even even before that you know the history is even more important than ever you know all SC elevations are not STEMI's you may have EKG changes in a patient who you know has a febrile illness and that's a very different situation than an EKG change in someone with a Q onset of chest pain but you know when you have a situation where you're not certain what's going on but you do have ST changes a real great way to help to understand that it's a do a quick ECHO and you know if you have a ECHO that shows wall motion abnormalities in the same distribution where you would expect them to be based on the EKG then that supports that this may actually be a true STEMI whereas if you see a perfectly normal appearing LV or you see sort of global wall motion you know global mild hypokinesis in someone with like a inferior ST changes where it doesn't really add up then that might tamper your enthusiasm to pursue it as a STEMI and take the patient to the cath lab or certainly to give some politics so I think ECHO can be a really useful adjunct and as to who would perform the ECHO this is going to be very institutionally dependent academic centers like ours are fortunate to have capable fellows who carry around a portable echo machine and can come look at the patient ultrasound by ultrasound real quick and tell us what's going on other centers may have to have protocols involving either in-house staff or emergency room doctors who have sufficient training to be able to really draw those conclusions okay and so I'm going to skip to question number seven before I go to number six because it's kind of related let's talk about cta a little bit how how does that fit in can it help what are your thoughts on that well I think it's a it's a it's a very interesting idea in patients cases where you don't really know what's going on if you don't think if you're not sure if it's a STEMI or not even after you maybe done a quick look at go theoretically doing a cta might be very beneficial to at least you know get a sense of certainly the proximal coronaries let's say the heart rate you know as of course has to be low enough to get a really good study but you know in most patients you can at least see the very proximal coronaries and see what's going on but the problem with doing a cta is of course then you expose the CAT scan staff and the CAT scanner itself to potential you know exposure to the virus and that needs to have a big clean afterwards and another is availability I don't think most centers can do cta is a good coronary cta 24-7 in most centers and certainly at least in our center the best trained staff for doing that are only available during daytime hours so it becomes a little more complicated I think it's something that's probably evolving and may have its place but it's a little bit hard to implement so it really looks like echoes sort of the practical quick way to see if a STEMI is really a STEMI if you're in doubt about that I think it's helpful yeah so now let's shift gears a little bit and think about let's say we're taking a patient we decided he has a STEMI we're taking him to the cath lab what about intubating that patient what's our threshold for doing that and and what's the consensus on that so there's there's been a lot of discussion about perhaps having a lower threshold to intubate these patients prior to taking to the cath lab I know in our center intubations of suspected COVID patients or emergent patients are only being done by anesthesia these days as opposed to by ER staff or pulmonary or other people in order to make sure that it's done in such a fashion as to minimize risk of aerosolized particles and if you have a patient with a STEMI there's this is a patient who certainly at risk of decompensating in the next you know 10 minutes 30 minutes an hour and during the procedure and if that patient crashes in the cath lab you risk exposing the entire cath lab staff to aerosolized particles whereas if you are more proactive and intubate people on the front end prior to bringing them up there you can you know now the respiratory circuit is closed already and you're not going to have aerosolization of particles and incidentally if you have done a coronary cta before taking this patient to the cath lab you'll also see the lung windows and you might have a clue as to what's going on if you start to see ground glass of plasticities on those patients which are frequently look much worse on CAT scan than they do on x-ray or even clinically you might also have a lower threshold to intubate that patient prior to leaving the cath lab for the safety of yourself yourself and your staff okay so where do we want to preferentially intubate these patients do we do it in the emergency room do we do it in the icu well i think i think in the i think these patients who are STEMIs they're in the ER and they before they go to the cath lab i would do it in the ER in most cases okay so bringing up door to balloon time and i and you know uh this whole COVID crisis puts a little bit in perspective uh you know we're always so worried about ncdr metrics and this and that well right now we're worrying about you know saving people's lives and and and it doesn't really matter the door to balloon time in terms of the metrics but it does matter in terms of patient outcomes right and if it takes an hour to let a room clean up and and the particle settle down and then you have to do a terminal current clean depending on your volume and how things go they're going to be delays in the system and so what is this all going to do to our door door to balloon time and it's sort of in that perspective um and and how do we think about thrombolysis again so i'm just kind of bringing up that point because it's important yeah you know i i agree with your sentiments you know we spent so much time thinking and talking about metrics and normal times and now it just seems so so relatively silly to be talking about these other esoteric numbers when we're trying to just deliver care at this point um but it's of course it's a relevant point um not only with the cleaning but these ancillary tests we're talking about um like a CAT scan or an echo or just getting the the PPE for the whole staff that takes additional time you know these are our delays we're not accustomed to and so you know if you can't get your door to balloon time in the acceptable manners anymore then you know if we're starting to treat patients two hours after they present well maybe we would have been better off giving them thrombolysis if it was a stable patient because they would have received a chance of reperfusion right away and so that's a very difficult question to tease out and i think it's going to be answered as by each institution as they go forward you can carry these patients and see how much delay they are seeing prior to getting these patients into the cath lab and if there appears to be a lot of delay then you know again the the idea of giving thrombolytics in certain cases might be considered better just because there's a chance of reperfusion faster yeah i think there's a lot of things that we don't know um our answer to some of these things may change over the next even even in a week and and and as we get a more practical sense of these things maybe we'll even go in a different direction so um the final question i want to ask you is shifting gears from stemmy to end stemmy so what is the general feeling uh regarding treatment of end stemmy well um in the spirit of everything that's going on and protecting staff and concerning pve i think the general mood on this is to be more conservative you know i think we have generally had a pretty aggressive um strategy towards these non stemmy patients but the truth is many of them can be treated medically um for their end stemmy and then only undergo catheterization if they have certain high-risk features um and so i think certainly a slow approach is best in these patients um right now and of course if there's any instability that's an easy one but if they're if they're very stable uh there may not be any good reason to take that patient to the cath lab right now you could send them home see how things go and then reconsider and and i agree and that's a message that i heard very clearly from our colleagues or from around the world and here in the us is really the the shift uh and i think this varies regionally as well but you know uh the shift in uh how we we manage these patients and really really only thinking about an invasive strategy in people with with ongoing ischemia who who might be in trouble may i ask you a couple of questions that are also very important and related to this topic and uh both of you can answer them because i think they're important one is should we uh dedicate covid specific cath lab for those covid positive patients and uh we at our institution have over 100 international cardiologists should be allowed all of them to perform procedures to be exposed to a potential covid the 19 infection or should we uh decide that that we'll have a dedicated team that will be doing those procedures to avoid excessive use of pps and also exposure to a many of our internationalists so maybe each of you can address this question well i'll i'll just start with the the personnel issue again that the practice patterns really vary around the country you know at texas heart we still have private practice groups and and one of the interesting things that i've seen is some of the groups dividing their their you know groups that have you know let's say six doctors dividing them into the interventionists into teams where some of them are off or not in the hospital for for a period of time and they really alternate when they come in but i think it's really gonna vary a lot with the the the practice patterns locally at different places so the reason that was asking this question because in other countries where they're social is medicine they're basically uh limiting the number of interventionists that are doing the procedure that is true in a lot of european countries and if we uh get a severe severe increase in number of the cases we might have to consider something of that kind also here in the united states george any other comments relate to this i think that's that's um as emerson said that i think it's uh something that's going to be really institution dependent i've heard um of different proposals that are in different countries i mean different institutions here in the u.s and some are doing just what emerson was talking about amongst themselves is the staggering staffing of the cap up from a position standpoint there was also a discussion on our call last night about whether physicians over 60 should be excused from doing cases for the time being and of course it's going to depend on well how many people this is does that leave you does that leave you the only one guy or you know do you have a bunch of young guys so there's a lot of things to think about um in in this regard and trying to keep everybody safe well thank you very much if you don't have any other questions i would like to thank to you emerson and to george for your very valuable contribution to this texas art institute program on the cardiac cath lab and stemming in the era of covid 19 thank you very much for your participation it's a pleasure to work with you on our educational programs for those of you that have tuned in to this program please join us for our next program on cardiology in the time of covid 19 stay healthy and treat your patients prudent thank you very much


Hi, my name is Yiri, and in this course I'm going to show you some DSP basics. We don't have ambitions to replace one year of university studies, so we have called this session DSP Corner. I'd like to focus more on the hands-on, however, some basic theory needs to be done as well. This will include information on how the STM32F7 is equipped to boost the DSP computation speed. In the hands-on, you will have a chance to work with the STM32F7 Discovery, both featuring two digital microphones, which we will use as the source of our audio signal and illustrate some DSP capabilities based on this signal. The main goal is to stay above the theory and focus on practical tasks. For this, we will use the CMSIS DSP library to show how to do correlation, filtering, interpolation and FFT. We'll also check the functionality and simulation on PC. I'll show you how to import real-time data from the MCU into signal processing software. Today, we'll use a freeware called Silap, which is a very efficient software package for signal visualization and processing. I hope you will enjoy this session and have some fun as well.


and not just the game, the competition for many years. When I visited you at the Olympic Training Center in Colorado, a hockey puck inscribed that the puck stops here. Young and old Americans of every race and religion, journalists have described and analyzed this outpouring of unity and positive feelings. They also noted that this year's Fourth of July celebrations were extraordinarily joyous occasions. There is our team, and each and every one of you will help wear with you 100%. During the year, if by pushing yourself to the limit you set a record or win a medal, you'll hear us.  But our affection and pride is something that you can count on.  These games are the culmination of the work of dedication. Bill himself deserves our special thanks for all that he's done. And of course I'd like to mention you today, they've been donating their time and energy to the success of the game, and down to the Verona and their Olympic spirit team. It also all seemed to have a tiny little flag on it. Yeah, come on, Jeff. But I feel I am surrounded by winners, and when it rubs off, then I'm a winner. Thanks, Mr. President.  Jim, Jim, Jim Coon. Jim, Jim, Jim, we can't see for them. We can't see, Mr. President. By the finest athletes in the world, the competitors and the games of the 20th Federal Liberalizing Committee, Mr. Peter V. Uberhoff. They represent the best that this world has to offer. They represent the best hope for the future of mankind. After Los Angeles Committee had a new eye in the history of Olympics, great and wondrous, the success of this torch run has exceeded our fondest dreams. Millions and millions and millions of our fellow Americans stood by along the roadside two messages to give to the world. The first is out along the way to express a friendship and a love. 30 national Olympic committees are taking part in these games. The Los Angeles, originally called the state of gratitude, must also go to the states of America. President Ronald Reagan to proclaim the games of the 23rd Olympiad in Los Angeles open. The 23rd Olympiad of the modern era, I declare open the Olympic games of Los Angeles.


We looked at a case which was a public sector case study last time and we saw how a person is victimized, retaliated, has to undertake immense pressures and problems and victimized and how the government officials get together as a herd and then as a herd to attack the whistleblower and try to damage the whistleblower to such an extent that he, she, the family and everyone are sacrilege and have to go through immense problems and sacrifice but determination and will power tends to overcome everyone and no one can be a God, no one can be a feroin and therefore all feroins and all gods are vanquished with the blessings of Allah. So ladies and gentlemen, let us look at another case study today. Now when we are looking at this case study, ladies and gentlemen, this case study is a case study of a multinational in Pakistan. Sometimes in Pakistan we think that multinationals have the best environment but that is not the case. The public sector, the social sector and the private sector have their own vested interests and it is very unfortunate that Pakistan is a land where there are many laws but there is no rule of the law. There is rule of the law, O-W-F. We have many laws but they are not implemented. Laws are for the betterment of the people at large but in Pakistan we have laws which are for the benefit of the elite few, of the special child, of the children born with golden spoons and that is one reason why. There is a lack of corporate governance. There is a lack of legal implementation. It is extremely important that as a nation we overcome this scourge and move towards a rule of law nation where laws are applied across the board equally for everyone. Just look at what is happening nowadays in the Noor Mukadam case. That is another issue where the elite are paying and through that they are messing up a clear cut case. So this also happens in issues like corporate governance where things are clear but the elite, the vested interest, they get together and make it shady, make it tainted and indulge in herd based victimization, retaliation and deprive the individual of his or her sanity or well-being and this is extremely unforgivable and this must change. So ladies and gentlemen we are going to be looking at a case of a victimization of a physically challenged employee in a multinational organization. Now this physically challenged employee basically is a wheelchair born employee and he had this great dream of working in a multinational organization and making a huge positive impact so that he could emerge as a role model for other physically challenged people in Pakistan and abroad so that they could look at him as an inspiration and know that they can also climb the ladder of success. So this gentleman basically was an extra hardworking individual. He would undergo despite his challenges, he would undergo 15-16 hours of work, he would help others, he would read a lot, he would train a lot and he would give 200% to his job but when you start giving 200% to your job and you start getting noticed then many a times your direct superiors due to their policies, due to their shortcomings, due to their lethargy and complacency and due to their messed up minds they start feeling insecure. So his direct bosses started feeling insecure and then they got around and they unfolded a plan to discredit him and therefore they would give him more and more work even though he was physically challenged. They would give him work which a 100% normal person could not do and they would give him work. They would give him so much work that he would get soars, he would get meagre and headaches, he would suffer a lot but even in all the pain and all the stress and all the distress he was determined not to fall down because he wanted to set an example of how physically challenged people can also excel. So on this side he was being pressurized to do work, a lot of unnecessary work, a lot of inappropriate work, he had to go through a lot of verbal condemnation, unwanted, unwarranted, he had to go through this workplace harassment which was taking place against him every day and when they realized after many months of doing all of that that their antics were not bearing fruit then they started isolating him and pushing him to such a brink and humiliating him publicly that with all of his resolve and all of his determination he got so fed up that one day in this distress in this immense pressure under this huge headache this whole boulder being born on his shoulder and in head he just wrote his resignation but before he submitted his resignation he tried to contact his country head, he tried to contact his Supra superiors, no one would listen which we talked about earlier, voicelessness, the multinational head policies, the multinational head rules, the multinational head regulations, the multinational head posters, the multinational head ethics manager, the multinational head many multiple different type of human resource officers and managers and directors, the multinational head beautiful reports, head beautiful colorful posters would conduct day long workshops but they would not walk their talk it was all baloney it was all lies in actuality they were the elite and the elite wanted to subjugate others so he tried to contact everyone no one would respond and therefore out of frustration he gave his resignation, when he gave his resignation the country had the next day finally gave him an interview and in the long discussion the country's head said don't resign withdraw your resignation on my advice stay in the organization I will take care of you we will take care of you and we will resolve your grievances and also respond to the whistle blowing that you have done and we will do effective measures he was very happy because the top man basically gave him a solace so he thought that there is hope in this multinational organization so he came back with the spirit and withdrew immediately his resignation and started engaging with the HR now meeting upon meeting no minutes all sweet talk but nothing being done and then one day just last December he was given this notice that tomorrow is your last day and therefore please wind up all the matters he was shocked on one side they were talking with him discussing things with him reassuring him telling them how they would bring about changes make the environment better how everyone would walk their talk how they would ethically move forward how they would respond to his whistle blowing and the next day when he comes to the organization the security stops him and says that he cannot come he tries he sends whatsapps he sends emails he sends phone calls he tries to meet them but so many weeks have passed ladies and gentlemen he is being victimized he is being played mentally he is suffering his family is suffering while the elite multinational is playing its games its games of retaliation victimization its games of unethical practices its games of harassment its games of setting an example so that others do not follow him that is whistle blowing trying so much


Welcome to the final installment of this series and Happy Pongal. This talk I've never given before, I've created it over the last three days. I have over 50 suggestions. They will not be for everyone, but I think something in here will be for everyone. A brief recap from the last talk, we talked about four potential future trajectories. Green growth, there's a little room up front here. We talked about the Mordor economy, which has continued growth, but more and more dedicated to environmental remediation and mining and energy. We talked about the great simplification, which is instead of continued growth and complexity, it would be post-growth and less complexity, it less energy and material use, and we didn't talk much about Mad Max. But these are the four scenarios. In our culture, these four scenarios are not treated equally. The vast majority of people are believing in this green growth scenario. I think the odds are more like this, and my work is focused on the great simplification. I think if you watched my first four presentations here, you can see that our genome, our species, our brain and behavior have paired with energy resources and ecology to create a novel predicament with storm clouds on the horizon. On Saturday, I talked about the four horsemen in the coming decade, and what was your name again? Corina. Correctly inferred, especially for India, that the fifth horsemen should be included, which is climate and ecological constraints, and I thought about that and agreed. The financial overshoot, geopolitics and war, complexity, the social contract and climate and ecological impacts. For most people in our culture, there's two predominant cultural narratives. There's a Green New Deal where we migrate our energy systems towards 100 percent renewable, and we work towards zero emissions. On the other side of the political spectrum, it's business as usual, nothing's wrong with the past model. There are no shortages of anything, and all we need to do is deregulate and reduce taxes. My work shows that there is a bigger picture and it tells a different story. Today, I'm going to give an overview of what should we do. Before I do that, I would like you to pick a neighbor, and if you're not conveniently by one person, you can pick two other people, and just give a 30-second opinion, your opinion to your neighbor, of what you think we should do. Given what you've learned the last few lectures, or if you weren't here, what do you know about the world? What do you think we should do? Spend 30 seconds and then I'll tell you to switch. Okay. So just a show of hands. How many of you talked about a solution that or what we should do at either a global or a national scale? Okay. How many of you talked about Oroville or a community scale responses? How many of you talked about individual responses in your own life? Okay. So I'm going to cover all three of those. Because not only do we not share a current distribution of the future, there are many possibilities, and I think there could be really bad things happen or really good things happen. The great simplification and the Mordor economy are in the middle of the way I see the future, but all these things are possible. So there isn't one thing. Not only that, we all care about different things. Most of us care about ourself.  I care a lot about other species and other generations. I just did this as a hypothetical for the average human. This is what we care about. So we care about lots of things, and there's lots of things possible. So my work has used the carbon pulse as the backdrop of our civilization. There are many stories out there that are counter to the one that I'm telling here. But a lot of the stories about a Star Trek future or colonizing Mars, or we each are so rich and we have our own robots are predicated on the fact that every single year, with the exception of COVID-2020, with the exception of 2009, the great financial crisis, with the exception of two energy crisis in the 1970s, two world wars and a great depression in 1930, every single other year in the last 150 years, humans have had access to more and more energy than the year before. Not only has that given us an abundance on average in the world of material wealth, but it has changed our expectations about the future that this will always continue. And so a lot of these plans about the future are both systems and energy blind. So some people get upset when I keep talking about the somewhat depressing and onerous constraints that are in our near-term future. But if your hair was on fire, I would feel compelled to continue to tell you that your hair was on fire. And so that's why I believe knowing this story and the more people that kind of squint and can see how it fits together, the better our individual and our cultural options will be. So there are three distinct timelines. Not only do we care about things different, not only could the future be different, but what we do is different in timeline. The red one, which is what most people are working on is now. What do we do now ahead of great simplification? The yellow is what I refer to as the bend or break moment when our financial claims and our complexity re-tether back to something that's more in equilibrium. And the green is how are humans gonna live 30, 50, 80, 100 years from now? What are the things that are longer-term sustainable? So those are three different timelines. And then there's three distinct areas of intervention based on my work. Number one is what do we do during this yellow area? Like we have to bend and not break because break would be bad. Number two is what are the directions and the projects and thinking two or three steps ahead to get to a more sustainable culture? And the third thing is how do we have more sustainable and engaged human beings? And this is how I'm gonna structure the rest of the talk. I'm gonna have a list of suggestions at the global national level, at the community and civil society level, and finally at the individual level. So for those of you that have been here the prior five events, it's pretty clear that I believe we have a road closed sign ahead of our current cultural expectations. So my work is to try and change the initial conditions of when we hit that road closed sign. And if we had a time capsule today knowing all this science and the synthesis of how things fit together, what sort of ideas would we put in that time capsule that we would want in our own lives or in our communities? So let's start with global. So first of all, as I mentioned, we're heading from a unipolar world to a multipolar world. And how do we have global governance when we struggle to even have community governance or in my country, national governance? So we're going to need new arrangements that don't end in wars and also take into account the needs of the global South and the environment. Our current institutions, the United Nations and other ones are not really up to this task. I don't have answers for this, but we're going to need some new international agreements and interactions. Incentives, our current economy, we self-organize as individuals, families, small businesses, corporations and nations to maximize profits. And those profits are based on the vast majority of the input are non-ruable resources on human time scales that we pay pennies to extract out of the ground for what they contribute. So all we care about is profits. That is our international success metric. But we really need to consider well-being, the oceans, the biosphere, a more holistic goal. One way to do that is to pay more correct prices for the main inputs to our economies. So if we were to remove all taxes on humans and all taxes on corporations, and again, I don't know the situation in India, I'm talking globally and the United States, but 95% of our taxes right now are on individuals and corporations. If we removed all those, and instead taxed any non-renewable input that came out of the ground like copper or fossil water aquifers or coal or natural gas, anything that's non-renewable on human time scales, we tax that significantly. What would that do? It would balance these things out. So number one is it would send the right signals to innovators and technology people that oh my gosh, these things using oil and lithium and neodymium are really expensive. So we need to use those inputs sparingly. We can use human input and renewable energy in more abundance. So we give the right price signals to the market. Also, it would signal to us that we would have to conserve because this would be $3,000 or something like that. And so we would generate simpler materials that don't need quite as good of screen. We would have repair people that were experts on this and humans en masse would conserve more than they are today. The reason this won't work right now is if we taxed everything like this, it would crash the system. But in a depression or something like that, we could, and oil was $10 a barrel, we could do something like this. This is something I'm working on at one level in the US government. Aspirations, we're born in a time when our cultural aspiration is to make a lot of money. And I think that has shown as I showed this graph before the energy supply per capita or the money per capita gives massive wellbeing and human development increases when you have very little. But when you have a lot, you get hardly any hedonic benefit from more. In the United States, if you make over $70,000 a year, you get very little psychic benefit from that, even if you make $10 million a year. And I used to manage money for billionaires and most of them were miserable. So we have to remember that after basic needs are met, the best things in life are free. And that's kind of a silver lining in all this because most of you intuitively know in your own lives that this is true. So if I asked you, what are the five best experiences you've ever had in your life? Most of you, almost all of them would have to do with friends or family or a loved one or playing cards or games or somewhere in nature. They're not gonna be huge energy and money expenditures. We talk about the future. There are like 8,000 emojis online. There's not a single one to represent our collective future. So I humbly offer this tea with an arrow to represent a future and it's not related to GDP or anything. Global advanced policy. So I've determined that the things that I'm discussing in these presentations cannot be heard by current politicians, even if they're understood by them one-on-one, because they're too threatening to say to the public. Yet cognitively, they're relatively true with some gaps and holes that need new research. So this concept of advanced policy, which is getting the things ready at the national level, a global level, a local level, a Tamil Nadu level that are going to have to happen in the not too distant future but that are too difficult to say outwardly today. This is a concept of advanced policy and a big one is bend not break when our financial claims on reality tether back to reality. Governance is a huge one. I would argue that most of our problems today stem or have a core issue of governance. So from the perspective of the carbon pulse, if we're somewhere between the yellow and the red star, what governance structures would fit for humans after the red star? I don't know.  So if there was a way to have a structure of politicians that would have veto power over something dangerous or stupid, I think that might segue into different governance structures. Appropriate technology. So solar panels can power a wonderful civilization, just not this one is one of the core conclusions of my work. And yet when we talk about technology of the future, we're sending Teslas into outer space and flying cars and all this story, which could technically be possible, but is not scalable or even desirable for most people. So if we think about technology, it's such an important word in our culture. From the perspective of the carbon pulse, what might be the top four inventions of all time? And I will give you a hint that there's one of them in this room. Number four, this is according to Nate, of course. Number four is the bicycle. The bicycle is the most energy efficient device for transportation ever invented. The only thing that rivals it is a double-decker bus in London with every seat with three people on it. So we use very, bicycle uses much less energy, human caloric energy to get from A to B than walking does. So it's an amazing invention. Next is the story. Think of how much enjoyment and human pleasure we get from telling stories and there's very little energy input. As someone said, the second best invention is a dog. This is my dog Murphy. And there happens to be a golden magic in here, which I was quite surprised. And until this week, this is how I ranked them, but I've thought about it and with our Mandala group, I think the best invention of all human time for what it gives us relative to the energy input is music. For what it, oh yeah, well, I didn't want to discriminate North American dogs and other dogs is music. So when we think about technology, we need to think about clever and wise. And so far we've not lived up to our moniker homo sapiens, wise man, we're more clever man. So what technologies will be most suited for the downslope of the carbon pulse?  So how, what factor of energy are these guys using less than this guy being transported? And in other type of technologies, obviously this person is meditating, which is also a career type. So when we think about all this, it's going to be part of a super organism. And maybe as we can't totally step outside of the super organism that I described in the last lecture, but we may be able to wall it off in some of our plans and our futures. And maybe appropriate tech using, for instance, sodium for batteries instead of lithium. And things that don't give us quite the power or quite the speed, but give us something that's more sustainable and actually cheaper for more people. Another issue in the global situation is all we care about is GDP. And because of that, we've created a metabolism and the waste from this metabolism is warming the earth and the oceans. And so we're going to, like it or not, have to start to peel off money from a government's and from either regional or local governments to support ecological efforts. We're going to have to start actively cooling the planet. And there are a lot of ways to do that. Shown here is whales that are pooping as they come to the surface. And that creates food for phytoplankton. The krill come up and eat the phytoplankton. It is this enormous food chain that creates pulse carbon from the atmosphere. Yesterday I put up a short podcast with Sir David King who was the chief science advisor to the UK government who's working on bringing back blue whales at scale as one way to affect global cooling. Planting trees also creates cooling. Why is this town, this community cooler than the surrounding ones? It's because of all your forests are degrading the incoming sunlight. So we're going to have to at scale in our world massively change our mindset from, hey, how do I make more money? To how do we help the ecosystem services of where we live and our nation and our world regenerate? And it can happen relatively quickly but we need to divert resources away from our current pursuits towards this. What would help with that would be some sort of an educational, almost spiritual life ethic of which I've wrote a few lines here. Life existing is preferable to no life existing. More kinds of life existing is preferable to fewer. Vibrant complex ecosystems are preferable to small fragmented brittle ecosystems. Ecosystems with large complex life like humans or dolphins are preferable to ecosystems with only microscopic life. Ecosystems supporting conscious minds, the virtual worlds of our minds are preferable to ecosystems without them. It is preferable to maximize existence, happiness, love and understanding and minimize the suffering of minds in the universe. The future both near and far is real in the same sense that now is real and via causality is determined by what we do now. Things which are preferable by this definition may be considered good. Things which are less preferable may be considered evil. We should maximize good and minimize evil since the universe does not. So I really feel strongly that we need to educate and inspire more humans to culturally expand our boundaries of empathy as opposed to narrow them to our circle of care beyond our own species. Ecological restoration can happen very quickly but we need human labor and efforts directed that way. Okay, so those were a few global suggestions. I'm sure there's many more and we'll have time for Q&A. Now moving to community and civil society. On the heels of what I just said, we need to educate our young people in things that really matter and are relevant to their lives. One thing is ecological knowledge the soil and earth systems and the local biogeography of where they live. We need a systems understanding of our world. The time of reductionist experts is passing us. Now we need especially young people to understand the earth, their place in it and where they live. The title of my podcast is called The Great Simplification and I think a simplification is coming. Paradoxically because of what the tech bros are doing and what the governments are doing with stimulus, emotionally we might not get the signals that a simplification is coming. We might get a turbo boost of stimulation checks, stimulus checks, also stimulation checks ahead of that. So the key would be to kind of try to look two or three steps ahead at what's coming and plan for that. Now, communities and countries that simplify first, say we understand what Nate is saying, we're gonna stop growing and do things locally and consume less. First of all, it's unlikely that a lot of large scale places will do that. But if they do that, they will be outcompeted by other places that continue to have just in time supply chains and things coming. So we're in this like finger trap that we can't get out. We're just going further and further in. But last year, because of the Ukraine-Russia situation, a lot of European nations had to really tighten their belts. In Germany, they were advising people to take one shower a week. In France, even President Macron said that we need to have a society of sobriete, which doesn't refer to drinking, it just refers to being more rational behaviors. And they would turn off street lights at 10 p.m. and turn them back on at 4 a.m. And there were all kinds of things that were planned in case things got worse. So it's an open question, whether those places that simplify first will be at a disadvantage or an advantage. I think they will be in an immediate disadvantage, but the learnings and the things that they will be forced to do will actually make them way ahead of the game of other places that have plenty of energy and will be one of the last places for this to happen. Kind of an advanced esoteric point, but as I mentioned two lectures ago, Jeven's paradox is as we get more efficient, we actually use more energy. But on the down slope, as we get more efficient, we're gonna use less energy. So Jeven's paradox becomes Jeven's dividend. So if we're in a declining economy and you improve your efficiency then by 2%, you're gonna use 2% less energy. So it's actually gonna be a really important thing. Supply chains, we have a six continent just in time supply chain that is predicated on available credit and very cheap energy and over time that is going to simplify. So where I live here in the middle of the red circle, maybe instead of getting things from South Korea and China and Bangladesh, we'll get things from Canada or these other states. Maybe Tamil Nadu might change the supply chains of very important things. And I think you're on this note, you're much better off than the United States because a lot of your main inputs come from India, come from your community. Shadow Council. How many of you saw the movie Contact with Jodi Foster? Okay, some of you. So in the movie they had these plans to go to outer space that the alien had sent and some religious fanatics scrapped the machine that they were building and the movie was over. But unbeknownst is they had a plan B in Hokkaido, Japan where they were building this machine to go to space and Jodi Foster ended up going to space. The things that I'm discussing in these last five lectures are very difficult for an elected town commission to discuss because they're threatening to their built power, their status, the blueprints that are already in place. It's a very difficult political conversation to have. Which is why if there was a Hokkaido Shadow Council that wouldn't have authority per se, but they could do scenario analysis and do blueprints and come up with suggestions and ideas and just let the real council know that this exists. It's not a power thing. It's we wanna help our community and start thinking about these things that you won't think about. So I think this is a viable suggestion. So these are a friend of mine made this list of a bunch of different online tribes in the United States. Social justice, this starts from the left and goes to the right. There are so many different flavors of conversations online. And as we hit tougher times in our culture, these people are unlikely to speak to each other and they're likely to just dig in and talk to their own people. So we really, it's the same slide. Yeah, I think we really need what I call memetic tribe diplomats, which is people that have the ability to speak to several groups at once and facilitate a conversation by suppressing their own identity perhaps and having conversations. And then if this group and this group, then you can actually approach a collective intelligence. So especially some of you youth link pro-social diplomatic personalities, Giz and I'm looking at you. You can talk to multiple groups and we need those translators and facilitators. So one thing is our culture has taken financial capital and turned it into things. And this is accelerating. So, but now the central banks of the world are creating many, many, many more dollars and euros and yen and everything else then can actually ever be spent by my analysis. So consider transmutation, which is spending dollars now or soon to turn them into real things before they might not be able to do that. I mean, this is a long conversation, but especially to philanthropists in the room, I'm not sure there are any, but they have a billion dollar thing and they just generate 5% a year and they spend the 5% and they never touch the principle. And I think a spend down strategy given the five horsemen of the 2020s really makes sense. I think we need libraries of healing around the world. And I think Orville has the seeds of such a place if not the sprouts already. We have many people that have trauma and are afraid and are mentally not well. And I think we need a lot more locations where people can meet and heal and connect and learn and share. My personal view is we also need to protect nature at a local level. I came up with the term life brigade. You know, this place was where I went the fifth day we were here.  And then a couple of days later that forest was taken down. That's right across from where we're staying. And yet the forested area here is still incredible. But there are many ways to get to 50,000 people. There are different pathways and Orville is not immune to the super organism. And so I think everywhere in the world it's gonna be up to local people to say the natural world where we live is non-negotiable and play a role in defending it. And I don't know enough about the local situation here. I went for a bike ride, which I always do before my talks. And I was just bombarded with beautiful bird song that way on Matchman Deer Road all the way into that forest. It's just so stunning around here. And I hope you can maintain that. Fiduciary. So in my last talk, I talked about the power dynamic in our world where we went from agricultural surplus to fossil energy surplus to monetary surplus. And now AI is accelerating all of this. So I think a real issue is those people that have the power and the means have to pay it back in service of life, in service of our communities, in service of stability. And it's a mind shift. On my bike ride, I pass the guy on by Matchman Deer that doesn't have any legs. And I wave at him every day. And my way back, I'm like, you know what?  And I checked my pocket and all I had was a 500 note. I'm like, well, I can't give him that. And then I'm like, wait a minute, that's like $6. The guy doesn't have any legs. And $6 is not that much. So I gave him 500 note and he was like so happy. And then I was happy. And it was just a mental shift of, oh, 500 is not appropriate, that's too much. But those people that have means are going to, ahead of the great simplification, have an opportunity to play large roles in our communities, in our world, in our ecosystems. For instance, one thing I'm advocating for philanthropists in the USA, USA is one of the richest countries in the world, but 40% of the people are very poor. In fact, I had an Afghani cab driver a few months ago who's trying to be a computer programmer. And he's like, I hope I can do it. I hope I can graduate and get a job. He's like, I wouldn't wanna be poor in the United States. If I'm poor like homeless, I'm going back to Afghanistan. So in the United States, I'm advocating for local people that have money to donate to young people and build gardens and public land that isn't used for agriculture or airports or things like that in the community. And I don't know how that maps to Tamil Nadu or Oralville at all, but I think generally around the developed world, this is a viable thing to recommend. Human behavior, social capital, reciprocity. So as people learn about the details of the great simplification and climate and financial overshoot and everything else, there will be people that want to leave Oralville. And there will be people that want to come to Oralville. And I think now in the time before these events start getting topsy-turvy, thinking about the real structures and the values is really important. I think our culture is so plastic in what we do. Last week I was in Matrimandir Gardens walking with my phone, which I sometimes do. And three young Indian women in their late teens, early 20s looked at me like in horror, like what the heck are you doing on a phone in Matrimandir? And I felt shame and I put it away. So there's something in evolutionary biology called reciprocity and strong reciprocity. Resiprosity is when you punish the cheaters and reward the helpers.  And this entire dynamic of what's socially approved and what's not is going to change. And it should change because right now those people who have the most digits in the bank get to call the shots. But we can quickly change what is socially acceptable. I mean, my behavior changed in two seconds because I realized what was going on. Okay, moving lastly to the self. So these next recommendations might be in contrast to our morning sessions, although some of them are also rhyming and overlapping. So when you hear about all the things that I presented these last five lectures, it is an appropriate response to grief, especially if you've not heard these things before because you've been told this was going to happen and now you're hearing this or this is going to happen. And grief for a future that you thought would exist is an absolutely healthy and natural response. If you were indifferent or thought it was funny, then I would be quite worried. But it's okay to grieve and reflect on this. The other thing is to keep perspective. We're living somewhere near the top of the carbon pulse. If I told you, especially you living in Tamil Nadu, that I would drop you on an ice flow at negative 30 degrees Celsius with just a coat, you would think that's a death sentence. But to an Inuit, it's just another beautiful day in the Arctic. So we have to keep perspective on the times that we're alive and look at, I mean, yes, we have some risks, but look at the amazing things that we have at our fingertips.  Music, love, laughter, games, badminton, singing, all the things that humans love to do can't be put aside because we know a disturbing story about the future. We can't let the future interrupt our life of the day. And gratitude is very important. I think we need to every day feel gratitude for what we have and what we see and what we experience because there's a lot and I'm learning that myself. There's something in psychology called compartmentalization, which is, and again, these recommendations on the self are mostly directed to the youth link friends of mine who are 20-somethings because they're adapted from what I tell my students, but they could apply to everyone. When you hear about climate change and the likely forecast as one example, it is natural to obsess about that and to think about it all the time and to research it and to talk to people and have it consume your presence and your consciousness. Compartmentalization is the ability to totally focus on something and then have it set it aside and focus on something else that you need in your life.  It's really harder than you might think because multitasking, we think that we're multitaskers, there's no such thing as multitasking. There's serially single tasks that we sequence together in rapid fire, but compartmentalizing and getting a healthy habit of that rather than put everything in a blender and do it all the time is something I would recommend. As far as the being part, we need to nourish ourselves and I think we forget this a lot and this is something we've talked about in the morning, sleep, food, exercise and especially time in nature to regenerate our bodies, our physiologies and our health and we often neglect that. There's something in Japanese called Shinroku which stands for forest bathing which is the serotonin and other psychic benefits we get from spending time in nature and all of you living in Orville have the opportunity to do this every single day with the bike trails and the forest and the ocean is not that far away. I highly recommend spending time in nature. It's my favorite place. And then there's inner tech which I think is important on our trajectory and this is from the last couple of days in our morning session. What we think how our bodies and brains are responding to things is our cognition is in charge and underneath it is our limbic system, our reptilian system and our enteric digestive system but the reality is our cognition is a really tiny tip of the iceberg and these other things underneath it are much, much stronger in our behaviors and the enteric system deals with stability or a homeostasis. The reptilian system is fight or flight and we go towards a sympathetic or a parasympathetic response and the sympathetic is unhealthy. It's fight or flight, it's cortisol, it's constant stress. The limbic system, are we satisfied or dissatisfied? And only if we're satisfied, we're in the parasympathetic system and we're in a period of stability can we actually use our cognition to the ways that it was intended? I just did a frankly on this called the behavioral stack and now that we've actually talked about it in real time I understand it much more. But there is a huge amount of dopamine in our cultures. I've become aware of this in my own life.  Here's Las Vegas or some billionaires mansion. So I personally have created speed bumps that don't allow me to do those things. I've used my neocortex, my cognitive brain when I'm in a good state to create rules for myself that trump my emotional systems when in the future when I run into what is problems for me is eating all this rich food, et cetera. Especially for you young people, social media, computers, iPhones all of this is doing is shortening our attention span so that we need quicker and quicker stimulation. What it's doing is it's keeping our minds in the shallows. And as you get older, you won't be able to enjoy the deep end of the pool because your brain will be stuck in the shallows exactly when our culture is gonna need people to do 10 hours in a garden and read a book or a manual to learn something where we don't, and I'm not speaking to youth link people because you guys are rock stars in your early 20s. But most people in the United States who are in their early 20s can't even read a book. They do not have the attention span to read a book. And this is a real problem because technology has hijacked our brains, including mine and I'm not young. So one thing I've done is I took an old ginseng box and I created a dopamine sarcophagus for my phone. And before I go to sleep, I put it in there. But that would be somewhat lying because I only do that three or four nights a week. I don't do it every night. But I do try to do it every night. But how many of us sleep with our phones next to us? I mean, that's just like not a stable long-term thing. So what ends up happening is dopamine ends up being the predominant neurotransmitter or hormone in our lives and it's not a healthy allocation. So if you were here for my last talk, I talked about the asset allocation, financial asset allocation of the past, of the present and of the future. These are financial things. But the real asset allocation shift is from dopamine predominantly running our mind and having oxytocin, serotonin and endorphins be a much smaller part to having something much more balanced. Four-legged stool that is the doing between dopamine and endorphin and the being of the human being of our experiences between serotonin and oxytocin. It should be like a equal four-legged chair. And if someone wants a reference on this page, I could give it. So these were the lists of being. Now moving to doing. When you hear all this stuff, whether your focus is on yourself, your community or climate change or the future, there's something that's interesting, which if you really think about the story that I've told you here, you can intuit and understand that our culture, our global culture, our national culture is not going to simplify first. It's not going to leave resources in the ground. It's going to continue to go forward trying to access more energy. I told you that India plans to double coal production, coal consumption by the year 2030. If you really, really understand that, it actually does a strange thing, which is it gives you the impetus to overcome our own biological steep discount rates, which is where we much prefer the present to the future. And it pushes you through to an emotion of, wow, I actually have the ability to make changes in my own life, my family's situation in my community, and to actually do things ahead of time. One of those things for most people, and again, this is directed to a Western audience, is we can simplify. We don't need all this stuff to be healthy or happy.  So I'm guilty of this too, but here's the thing. Be happier with using less energy and materials. Don't do it to save the planet. Do it because it makes you more resilient for the future. Buddhist economics is assets over desires, and if you reduce your desires, that's just the same as increasing your assets. Skills, what we think we need to know for the last 50 years is going to change. And yes, computer programming and AI and things like that are gonna take away a lot of jobs, but if you can imagine the great simplification and you live in Orville and you're a long time Orvillean, what sort of skills do you think you could have that would contribute to this community? What's gonna be needed? What are you interested in? What are you good at? A lot of people don't have any skill other than their job. So try to learn something that you enjoy and would be useful to a future. Goals, there's two kinds of goals. There's a conditional goal and there's an unconditional goal. A conditional goal depends on who gets elected president or what the financial system is doing. An unconditional goal is something you yourself control. Here's shown as one of my neighbors planting potatoes because he wanted to be a little bit more food self-reliant. So unconditional goals actually improve your serotonin and reduce your cortisol if you accomplish them. So that's a suggestion. Another thing is we will continue to hear all kinds of things in the future and to avoid the consensus trance and think for yourself or with a small group of people that you trust. And I don't expect you to believe everything that I've put forward these last six lectures but please on the things that you're questioning, look them up yourself and go from understanding to knowing these things but do not be afraid to think and act for yourself. Intermittence, we talk about we need 24-7 base load. Humans are base load. We don't need 24-7 access to 100 light bulbs worth of energy which is what the average American uses. So the first few will charge a laptop or a computer. Then there's enough. We have enough energy and then there's plenty and our current cultural goal is to have more stuff and another speed boat and an extra house and all this stuff which doesn't make us happy or healthy. Carrying dissonance. So being uncertain and having dissonance is physically uncomfortable to a human brain. So the typical response of hearing this story of limits to growth, climate change, the five horsemen is either, oh, humans will always figure out a problem we always have, we're gonna end up on Mars and things are gonna be great or, oh my God, we're screwed. It's Mad Max, just give me a beer. And because both of those poles obviate the need for any personal response. So carrying dissonance, being unsure, being uncomfortable, being uncertain about something is actually a skill worth fostering. We need to navigate the pathways between fantasy and doom. Find the others. So not so metaphorically, we are on a runaway train where the super organism and the elite are shoveling coal and other hydrocarbons into the engine and it's speeding out of control and there's no plan and there's a bridge out ahead. So my recommendation is find people that you love and care about and meet in the dining car. And there's three reasons I say that. Number one is, and maybe you find these same five or six people and they can cover all these bases. In my life, I have three separate groups of five or six people. One is people I just love to be around and we play games and we have a bottle of wine and we laugh and we listen to music and we don't talk about any of this stuff and these are my friends locally and we get together once a month and they're my core people. Another is I'm really interested in these things. You might be interested in basket weaving or bike repair or whatever. Find people that are really interested in the things that you're interested in and share time and space with them. And possibly most importantly from my vantage is find those five or six people that share your worldview and your deep calling for what you think is important and to engage on some project larger than yourselves. Maybe something in Oroville, maybe something in India, maybe you wanna protect some species in Tanzania that no one has a spokesperson for. That can happen with groups of three, four, five, six people. It can't happen with groups of hundreds of people. So really important, find the others and things that you care about in these different domains. If some of you weren't here on three lectures ago, I introduced this character as the agenda of the gene who is walking forward but the eyes are looking backward meaning that we are a product of our evolutionary past. And a question I posed is the agenda of the gene, our friend. And we don't have to follow the dictates of everything the agenda of the gene. Oh, pizza. We don't have to do everything that the agenda of the gene is pushing us towards.  And I'm still working on this and I have given this advice for 10 years and mine is still kind of really dull in places.  This is a really important point that I think I made the other day. We're alive at such a monumental time but there's a difference between absolute wealth and relative wealth. And most of our culture determines our success based on how we compare ourselves to others. And instead, we can compare ourselves to the people in the distant future or the distant past or don't compare ourselves at all. Just live within our own minds and awareness. And if you do that, we are unbelievably wealthy. Most of us, probably everyone in this room, in what we have access to today, it really is abundant until you look at that fast car that went by or some new bling that this guy I work with was wearing or whatever and then I feel inadequate. But I think to be happy with absolute wealth as opposed to relative comparisons is a helpful thing. So that was the doing. Moving on to the final component of this talk and the final and most important component of individual behavior is the we in quotation marks because it doesn't just mean we, we, but a broader societal we and also a broader other species and other generations. So if nothing else, be kind. And this is something I learned from my coach that we each of us have the ability to short circuit and reverse a chain of human behavior. We're such performative social creatures that if you smile at someone, they don't know you. They almost invariably will smile back.  So if nothing else, be kind in your life. Wend for you non-native speakers is following a path in a non-direct way. This guy's name is DJ White. I've written three books with him for college students. This is him when he was 22 years old, not the most impressive picture. He had a degree in geology and he was working in Indianapolis at an oil firm. But all he knew in his life is that he loved whales and dolphins. And he figured out, cause he was smart that there were no whales and dolphins in Indiana. So he bought a one-way ticket to Hawaii and he volunteered at a local aquarium to clean out the dolphin poop from the aquarium feature. 10 years later, he was the most successful environmental activist of our time or on the road to being. He single-handedly with his organization Earth Trust stopped the drift nets in the ocean in the 1980s. He stopped the dolphins in tuna cans. He negotiated with Starkist to have dolphin-free tuna cans. He stopped the only dolphin drive-kill in the world, that Black Cove, that movie you never even knew about, because it never became public because it was part of the agreement with the Taiwanese government to never show the footage. So here he is with a dolphin friend of his. They're doing yoga together. She led him in the exercises. They knew hundreds of poses. They had the choice of a thousand songs to pick, and she would always choose on a different grid with her, yeah, now knows Beethoven or Bach or Mozart like classical music, and she had options of everything else. He has told me unbelievable stories of the consciousness, humor, cleverness, and their interactions together. And DJ and his wife decided long ago that they didn't want to reproduce another human, they wanted to reproduce other species. And because of him, there's probably at least a million more dolphins alive than without his efforts. He had no idea about any of this. He took a single step in a direction that he felt passionate about, and he didn't know where he was going. He went his way there. So that's my advice to you, is give yourself a 24 hour vacation from other people on electronic media in a place you personally find meaningful, and ask yourself, who do I wish to be in this life? Why do I wish that? And how might I make that real? The answers are for you alone, but you'll find you'll be glad to have them, especially at a young age. We're in a time where we're going to need brave people that speak out, speak up and do bold things, because the default path is that people will be quiet and not do these things, and then we're on the path of the super organism.  Also, we live in a culture where we are externally validated. We do an action or a behavior, and we look to others to get validation from outside of us. But many of you, I believe, especially the youth link people, and the people in our mandala have an internal compass that has a true North reading. And so I think we have to gradually be happy with our own decisions and our own path that we're going, and get intrinsic validation from ourselves, instead of from others. Do something for the benefit of someone else that nobody else, including that person or animal, will ever know. Examine the complex feelings this causes to arise within you as a first step in sorting social motivation from personal altruism. The first time I did this, I was at a Starbucks, and there was a really cute barista serving coffee, and I paid my bill, and she turned around to get the coffee, and I was going to give her a $2 tip, and I was waiting for her to turn around so she would see me give the $2 tip, but then I thought about it, and I put the tip in as soon as she turned around and wasn't looking.  But there are ways we can go through our life and think about our little behaviors like this. Rocks in the river. I think I mentioned this in one of the prior lectures that we're downstream from a body of water, and at some point with the great simplification, the water's gonna start rushing quite fast, and a lot of rocks, meaning people or groups of people, are not really tethered to the ground and will tumble downstream. So we can, with ample preparation and fortitude and some of the things I've been recommending here or suggesting here, act as metaphorical rocks in the river that are anchored, and then when the water starts rushing, we hold our place, and we can then help people around us. And if there's enough of us in a community that do this, we can actually redirect the water when it comes. Lastly, there's, especially in my culture, there's a lot of talk about don't eat me, don't fly, drive electric car by solar panels. All these things are good for mental hygiene, but we're alive at a time where consuming less to be one eight billionth smaller part of the superorganism is less important than maximizing your impact. And the time now is to maximize our impact on a collective future, not to minimize our impact. Yes, we should be happier and healthier by using less resources if we can, but if you overly focus on that, you'll spend all your time trying to do that when your skills are better spent on a broader, maximizing your impact. So ahead of the great simplification, my work is mostly to explain reality to people, to explain how energy, materials, technology, money, human behavior, ecology, the environment fit together. And above that, I've just outlined recommendations for being, doing, and the we, which is beyond our own self. The reality is, we don't really need to know all this to do this stuff. I think it helps. And for those of you that are into the infrastructure and actual planning, knowing the reality helps us avoid some dead ends, but all these things we can all do without understanding all this stuff about climate change or resource depletion and the five horsemen. When a system is far from equilibrium, small islands of coherence can shift the entire system. Thank you all.