All right. Welcome, everyone, to today's Google Webmaster Central Office Hours Hangouts. My name is John Mueller. I'm a webmaster trends analyst here at Google in Switzerland. And part of what I do is these webmaster hangouts, together with webmasters and publishers, like the ones here in the Hangout today, and the ones that submitted a bunch of questions already. This is a special set of Hangouts focusing on individual topics. Today's topic is common questions that we've seen, misconceptions, those kind of things. I just put together all of these topics a couple of days ago, so people might have missed that there's actually a Hangout today. But that's fine. I guess this is more for those of you who noticed and who want to jump in and ask some questions. All right.  If you two have any questions along the way, feel free to jump on in. Otherwise, we'll move over to the submitted questions afterwards or to your questions if there's anything that you'd like to get inside on as well. All right. Where should I start? So one of the common themes I hear around about these Hangouts, about these office hours is you can't believe whenever Google says something, you can't really believe them because they're just looking out for themselves. And from my point of view, this is definitely a myth. There is no reason for us to bring information out there on how to make a website technically well. That doesn't make sense. So this is really information that we put together with the engineering teams, especially when it comes to technical websites, making websites so that they can be crawlable and indexable. There's a lot of information out there. There are lots of misconceptions out there. And we want to help clear that up. So these are things that you can definitely trust us that we look these up with the engineers to double-check what we're talking about. May I ask something here? Sure. Isn't it possible or something you ever did? OK, it's much better now. OK, something you want to implement, but changing algorithms more. We want people to do things in a certain way and you want to fix that algorithmically at some point. But technically, it's not done yet. But you still say it, do it like that, knowing either that it will be done at some point soon. So it will anyway benefit webmasters that do it right from the beginning. Or maybe you just do it hoping that many people will hear doing it and eventually your rankings will be better because of these people, all of our things is not technically yet fair.  Or everything you say, it's already in the algorithm. So things can change over time. I think that's good to call out as well. Sometimes things that we discuss with regards to technical setups, they can change over time. So a really obvious one at the moment is, for example, the switch to mobile first indexing, where we're going to start indexing the mobile page instead of the desktop page. And that might result in some technical changes that you need to do on your pages. And these are things that are long discussions that happen long before we actually can announce it, obviously, because we don't want to just randomly announce things that we aren't really sure about yet. So those are things where maybe we will be telling you, you should do this, and this, and this, where we know in the future maybe those steps aren't necessary or aren't as critical as they are at the moment. But we were telling across things that you should do this, this, and this, where we know. We bring across things that are good practices that should be done anyway that definitely don't cause any issues even going forward. I see. What about things that are one where we are site? Google Webmaster Tools, recommendations, good practices, are those updated? Because you, for example, reference us a lot of time to that 21 or 23. I don't even remember that things. Blog post, which is from what, 40 years ago or something like that? I mean, do you keep the information updated or people should basically just following the different sources to see what's still true now, what was changed? Yeah, so we try to differentiate between things that are kind of the current state, which includes things like our Google Plus posts, our videos that we put out, the blog posts that we have. All of these reflect the current state. And then we have the Help Center, which is kind of the steady state that keeps being updated. So things on the blog posts, we won't necessarily update the blog posts whenever there are things that are changing. But we will make sure that the current information is reflected in the Help Center so that any time you go to the Help Center, you get the correct information. Obviously, sometimes we don't keep up or there is something small that we might have missed. But these are things you can tell us about, and we will fix those, or we will find out about them anyway and fix them in the Help Center. So you have close to 99% up to date? I would say more than 99%. I trust a lot that we keep up there. And I know that the writers in the Help Center, they prepare all of these things so that when we announce them, it's ready to go live in the Help Center. Sometimes translations are tricky, and there is a little bit of a delay. But for the most part, we can keep that up to date. With blog posts, we can't always update the blog posts. I think that's really hard to do. What we do sometimes do is put a label on top of the blog post and say, hey, this is a recommendation that we had in the past, but it's no longer valid. So it's kind of like a disclaimer on top, saying, hey, this is the old blog post, but keep in mind, this is not the case anymore. Like I think on the Ajax Crawling blog post that we initially did, we've added a label on top now. I'm not completely sure about the Ajax Crawling one, but we do this from time to time. Anyway, it's awesome to see, to know that the Help Center is great and up to date. That's great, because we at least have a reference point where we can go and find the latest information. Exactly. Thank you. That's definitely your goal. OK, so on to more myths and misconceptions. Duplicate content will sink your website or cause your rankings to drop or something else crazy. For the most part, we can handle duplicate content really well, especially if you're talking about things like www, non-www, HTTP, HTTPS. All of these things are things that we've seen for years and years. And our systems can deal with those really well. And if anyone comes to you and says, hey, your website has duplicate content, and Google will remove it from search, because you have slash index.html or just slash at the end of your URLs, and they both work, then that's definitely not the case. For really, really large websites, duplicate content makes it harder for us to crawl, but it's not going to make your site disappear in search.  Ignoring your crawl budget will cause your site to sink. So at Google, we don't really have this notion of crawl budget the way that people are talking about it externally. We hope to have a blog post about that sometime soon, probably later this year, to explain a bit more about how we handle crawling. But for the most part, if you have a reasonably sized site, then you don't have to worry about this. You don't have to hide internal links. You don't have to mess with no index on individual pages because this page could be using a crawl budget or mess with canonicals or those kind of things for any reasonably sized site. Once you have sites that are several thousand pages large or they're dynamic and they generate an infinite number of pages, then obviously you want to make sure that your server can handle the load. This kind of goes into the next point. More crawling is better. It's another one of those common myths that we see. People go to Search Console and they submit to indexing or they submit sitemap files and resubmit them every day to try to force Google to crawl their pages faster or more often. And that's not going to change anything when it comes to search. So that's not something that you need to manually tweak. More crawling just means more crawling. And the content we do have indexed, we can show in Search. But just because we crawl it more often doesn't mean that we will rank it higher. May I have one more follow up? Sure. It was to the question, to the thing you said before about the link budget, but not really about the crawling budget. More about internal links with no follow. It's something which at some point years ago was done quite frequently, link sculpting, where you want to redirect the link juice to certain pages on your site. I never did it, and I never considered that it carries a big important. I always thought that internal links are just ways to go from one page to another. Maybe say one page is more important, but not really restrict pages because you want to have only three links from the main page to internal pages. Does it ever make any sense? Does it make any sense today to do something like let's use no follow or some links to maybe have our page more powerful or it's just a myth? The link sculpting part I don't think has worked in the way that people have assumed for a really, really long time. So that's something that changed at some point in our algorithms. And it's definitely not something that I would encourage people to worry about. For the most part, the effect I've seen is that people try to do link sculpting, page rank sculpting by, for example, no following the links to their terms of service or to their Contact Us page or things like that. And from our point of view, this makes the website even harder to understand because we're really used to this model of, well, these Contact Us pages, the Terms of Us pages, our Terms of Service pages are pages that we understand are linked from a large part of the website. And we can deal with that really well. But if you're kind of hiding that with no follow or hiding that through even crazier methods, then that makes it harder for us to understand that actually this is a Terms of Service page and we can probably ignore it for the most part. The one place where sometimes it does make sense to look into things like no follow is if you have things like infinite calendars where you could always click next year, next year, next year, and it'll say, oh, here's the year 5,200. And here's this weekly calendar of no events that are planned. That's something where having a no follow on those links can kind of help us to avoid clicking through to infinite number of pages. So that's something where you might look into that. But with regards to page rank sculpting for individual pages, that's really not something I'd recommend but putting any time into. And regarding internal linkings, is it true that Google trusts lesser in internal linkings than external links? I don't think you can say that. So that's something that we look at links in a variety of ways, but it's not that I would say by default internal links are worse than external links. OK, thanks. Another, let me run through some more of these and we can open up for more questions from you all afterwards as well. So another one that I often hear is around crawl errors. Or this is still crawling. I see a bunch of crawl errors in my Search Console account. I need to fix these, otherwise my site will be seen as being bad or low quality. And that's not the case. We see crawl errors as a technical response code that you return when we try to crawl a page that doesn't exist. And it's perfectly fine to tell us this page doesn't exist. It's not something that we would count against the website. It doesn't mean the website is lower quality, even if there are millions of crawl errors on a page, on a website. So that's something that looking at those crawl errors and double checking that there aren't any there that you care about, that's definitely useful. But I wouldn't focus on those crawl errors and say, oh, this is something I need to fix. Going off into more technical kind of things, JavaScript can't be crawled, single page apps are bad for SEO. Both of these are no longer the case. They haven't been the case for quite some time now, where it's a couple of years at least. We can render JavaScript. We can process most JavaScript the same way that a browser can do that. Similarly, we can access single page apps in the way most browsers can do that. So these are things that we can crawl and index fairly normally how a browser would do. Specifically around JavaScript and single page apps, there are obviously things you need to keep in mind. So that's something you'd probably want to look into the details of what it is that you should and shouldn't do. But for the most part, just because it's JavaScript or just because it's a single page app doesn't mean it's bad. John? Yes. Can I ask you a question? Sure. What about table? Let's say I have a website and I want to, instead of writing everything, I can put it in a table and I can present it in a nice way. So the users will understand it better. But what will happen to the SEO part if I do that? The content will be perfectly fine. That's perfectly fine. Tables are fine. CSS is fine. If you use spans or divs, that's perfectly fine. With tables, one thing to watch out for is that we can still understand the context of the text that you put in there. So if you have a table and you have each line in a separate cell and a table, then it's hard for us to understand that this is actually one paragraph of text. But if you have one table cell and you put your paragraph of text in there and you use tables as a kind of a layout helper, that's perfectly fine. Tables don't always work that well on mobile. So if you have a lot of mobile users, you probably want to watch out for that. But it's not that we would say tables are bad for SEO. Can I ask a question? It's 7 AM. I know you want to keep with your presentation, but I have to take my kids to school soon. It's 7 AM in California. Oh my gosh. You're crazy. OK, go for it. So how is it that sometimes Google shows search results pages for websites? When you look at the SERPs and you click on one of the blue links, it takes you to a search results page for that website. If the Googlebot is not actually typing in search terms into that website's search box, how does it give you a URL that's a search result? We probably find them normally through crawling. So sometimes what happens is within a website, search results will be linked, kind of like tag pages might be. And if we find a link to one of those pages, we might crawl that page. And if we can index it, then we might show that in the search results. So it's not that we're going to these pages and guessing the search queries and trying to kind of randomly create URLs to see what happens. But we found these links somewhere and they seem to work. They give us content, so we index that content. So somebody somewhere created a link to that search results page and Google indexed it? I mean, it might not be that they generated that link manually. And like I said, oh, for this crazy combination of URL parameters, I'll put this link into a forum and Google will try to crawl it. It might be that they have a different kind of scraper or crawler and they stumble across those. A lot of cases, these are even linked internally within a website. OK, I want to just say at some point that if you don't find the normal navigation menu, sometimes do these kind of searches by yourself.  That's specific to kind of discovering new content, not necessarily to find content to index. But if we can't crawl the website normally and we can recognize there's this kind of a search form there, then we might try to guess to see if we can find links to the actual content. Not that we would take the search form and index it like that, but we would kind of take the links that we find in the search results and follow those. All right. I have a question. Actually, we have a website, which is like in India, we have nine languages. And all over the world, we have some 60 plus languages. And the user point of view, they will put a review in English. And how can I show that in the different languages in the other part of other countries? That is what my question is. OK. So what you could do is provide the translated version of the content. And we can pick it up like, well, not of the content, of the kind of the boilerplate of the page. And that's something we can pick up as a separate version of the page. You shouldn't be using automated translations, especially not for user-generated content. But what I would recommend is in one of the next topical hangouts, I think maybe end of next week, we'll have a session just on internationalization. And I would bring this topic up then or put that into the comments for that hangout so that we can look at that in a bit more detail. That's fine. Actually, the thing is whenever we got many reviews from all the different parts, then Google considers as taken when it translates to English, Google considered the English language or a different language. I would look at those in the internationalization hangout because there's some unique things to kind of watch out for there. OK, that's fine. Thank you. All right, so just a few more. I don't think I have that many more. So patience. Doing site moves with fancy methods like just setting a rel canonical is better than using redirects. This is another myth that we sometimes see where people will create these big blog posts and say, we did this fancy site move using rel canonical or using, I don't know, robotic redirects or something crazy. And from our point of view, this is actually more of a problem than that it would help your website because with clean redirects, we can easily recognize that the whole website is moving from one domain to another, that it's a one-to-one type move situation and we can crawl a little bit faster to recognize all of those redirects and we can move all of the signals that we have attached to your site a lot easier than if you're using something fancy that we can't recognize as a clean site move. So from that point of view, always use your 301 redirects when you're doing a site move. And when it comes to redirects, we sometimes hear that using 302 redirects will actually cause your site a lot of harm. And that's definitely not the case. So we differentiate between 302 and 301 redirect in the sense that 302 is, by definition, a temporary redirect, where the original URL is the one that we try to index. And the 301 is a permanent redirect that means the destination URL is the one that we try to index. So nothing gets lost. It's just a matter of, is the original URL index or is the destination URL indexed? So that's kind of the main difference there. If you join temporary redirect and you keep it for the long run, like kind of treat it as a permanent redirect, then we'll also start treating that as a permanent redirect and try to index the destination URLs instead. Yes. Just to follow up on this, is it better from Google perspective that I should have the same content while site moving and then work on content of that website? Or it is also suggested by Google that I can just publish better content on my destination website? If you're doing a site move, then we expect that content to be available on the new page, under new URLs. So with a site move, when you do a redirect, you can't keep two copies of the content. You basically just have the final destination content. And obviously, working to improve your content is always good. But this is something I wouldn't necessarily combine with a site move. Just try to keep it simple and try to focus on one step at a time. Thanks. All right. This kind of goes back to the original question that Bogdan asked in the beginning. It's like, what about these 24 questions or 23 questions, blog posts from Amazon Gal? Is there this one technical trick that I need to do to make sure that my website is seen as a high quality website? And that's definitely a myth. So it's not the case that you need to have 325 words on a page. And we will see that as high quality content. It's not the case that you need to have 1.2 factor for keyword density in order for us to recognize that this page is high quality for this specific keyword. There's no technical trick to making a high quality website. But rather, a high quality website has a lot of different factors that come combined and they work together. When users look at your website, they're not going to count the words to understand is this good content or not. They're going to kind of take in the whole picture of your web page. So there's no simple trick to kind of making Google think your page is our high quality. Similar to the question about tables. Can I interrupt you? So what kind of information do you gather when you determine whether this is a high quality or this is low quality? That's really hard to say. So we try to extract a lot of signals about the website to understand what is the value of this website. How is this high quality content? What is the context of the pages on here, the relevance of these pages? And we take a lot of things together. So it's not, we don't have an algorithm that says, look for this meta tag. And if this meta tag is there, then that's like a plus point. Look for this sign that they're not using tables. That's a plus point. There's no simple technical trick for that. And you can sometimes see that even in cases where the whole web page is actually blocked by robots text, where we can't look at the content at all. And yet, that page might be ranking number one for specific search queries. So that's something where we don't even know what is technically on this web page. But we know that this is something that appears to be really important and really relevant for some queries. So you must be considering the bounce rate and all that, no? We try not to use user signals like that. So those are things that, especially if they're analytics, we don't have access to anyway. We use that to improve our algorithms, of course, to see if we make this change or if we make this change, where do we see that users are happier, like any other website would make A or B tests. But we wouldn't use that on a per-page basis. So sorry, I'm actually using a Pinterest at all. Pinterest, I'm using that. But the thing is, Pinterest users, they are coming to see pictures. So I have noticed that they click into the website, and my content is really good. But the thing is, they are coming to see some pictures. I don't have enough pictures. They leave very quickly. So would it be a problem for my insurance? Well, if you don't have the content that people expect from your website, be it pictures or text or whatever, then that's something where you're probably not a great match for those users. So they're probably not going to come back on their own. They're probably not going to recommend your website to other people. It's not like that. My website is actually a travel agency website. But I'm always linking to these things into a blog page, not the commercial site. But the thing is, I cannot put a lot of pictures like a website, which truly focuses on pictures only. But I'm using Pinterest. So as soon as they see all the pictures, they go back to where they were before. So that kind of situation. I mean, that's ultimately something that we probably wouldn't notice from a technical point of view, but we would notice indirectly. If users are unhappy with what you're providing on your site, or if they're very happy with what you're providing, then that's something we try to pick up indirectly through things like links to your pages. Just four more. So don't worry. We'll have lots of time for more questions as well. Valid HTML or HTML5 is required for Google to rank your pages. And kind of like I mentioned before, with regards to tables, that's not the case. Valid HTML, in particular, is something that we sometimes see people testing and saying, oh, that's not something that we would focus on when it comes to search. So Valid HTML itself isn't something I'd really worry about. However, if you're using structured data, then having valid HTML, that can make it a lot easier for us to pick up the structured data properly. Especially if you're testing things out with structured data, then Valid HTML makes it a little bit easier. It's not necessarily a ranking factor, but it makes it easier to implement things properly. So moving on to structured data, schema.org, use of structured data is a ranking factor. Because if you have structured data, then obviously your site is high quality. That's definitely not the case either. This is something we see every now and then as well. Similarly, AMP is not a ranking factor. From our point of view, these provide good user experience, so AMP in particular. Structured data itself helps to improve the snippet that we show in the search results. It can result in things being shown kind of as a rich card even in the search results, where there's a lot of additional information, which makes it easier for users to recognize, is this the right page that I want to click on or not? But it doesn't change rankings. Outbound links on a site. Are they important or not? From our point of view, outbound links are not a requirement for ranking. If you put outbound links on a site, and that's something that users like, then you're providing extra value for users, and that's a good thing to do. That's not something I'd kind of discourage. But at the same time, just by putting a high quality outbound link on a page, doesn't mean that your page is automatically high quality. This kind of goes into the next one I have with regards to affiliate sites. Google hates affiliate sites. It's something we often hear. And that's also not the case. So just because a site is an affiliate doesn't mean that we won't show it in the search results. Some affiliate sites provide a lot of extra value. And that can be really useful for users. So that's, by itself, not something bad. But of course, if you're an affiliate site and you're just taking a feed that you're getting and reformatting it and publishing it one to one without providing any additional value, then that's something the web spam team might look at and say, this is pretty thin content. I don't know if we really need to index this. And one final one with regards to optimizing speed. Optimizing speed by milliseconds affects your ranking or your crawling. So if you use one of the speed testing tools and you see I've optimized it 100 milliseconds faster, therefore I'll be ranking one slot higher, that's also not the case. We primarily differentiate for SEO from a ranking point of view between sites that are really slow and sites that are kind of reasonably fast. And if they're reasonably fast, we'll kind of treat them as reasonable sites. And for the most part, this isn't a matter of like 100 milliseconds more or less, but like a really significant difference. However, users definitely notice speed optimizations that you make on your website. And that can have a really significant impact on the way that users interact with your website and then indirectly, of course, on things that we could pick up as well. So this is something where I would do speed optimizations for users primarily, not for any testing tools, but really look at what users are doing on your website and see how you can improve their flows, how you can guide them to look at more content, how you can make it easier for them to maybe buy things, make things faster on their mobile phones. For example, if you see everyone's using mobile phones. Can you give a number here from Google's standpoint? A number. It's another two seconds. Another one second. No, it's OK. I don't have a number to share. I just have a personal one. I just have personal numbers where from a personal point of view, when I see a site taking, I don't know, five or 10 seconds to actually start rendering any of the content, then I start getting impatient. And I wonder, maybe I should go somewhere else and actually see if this content is available somewhere else. But when it comes to search, we do try to differentiate between sites that are really, really slow. So that's not a matter of like 10 seconds or 11 seconds, but it's like those sites that you go and click on and it just takes forever to actually get any of the content. And that's really good. So from Google's point of view, under two seconds is fine. If you're under two seconds, I think that's fantastic. Two seconds, three seconds is a pretty high bar. It's really hard to reach sometimes. But if you're able to get that, I think that's really good. If you can go even faster, then I'm pretty sure that you will see significant changes in the way that users interact with your website. So there have been tests by Amazon, by lots of other bigger websites where they artificially slow things down by maybe 100 milliseconds. And they see significant changes in the way that users engage with the content and in the way that they kind of like buy things and convert. So that's something where the ranking itself doesn't necessarily help your website overall because your business is not to provide a ranking, but your business is to actually sell something, to convert users into customers. Hello, John. Just one quick question. I'm wondering, is there any baritization logic behind baritizing one domain over the other? Like for example, if the domain is based, if the business is based in Britain and the domain extension is to go to the UK, would that prioritize that website for the search results that coming from the UK? And the vice versa, for example, in USA, would that be the case if the domain is to come or to the US? Thank you. That's essentially geo-targeting. And we do use geo-targeting to help with users who are looking for local content. So if you can recognize that your website is about local content or is targeting users in a specific country, we can promote that slightly in the search results. So that's something where a local top-level domain helps, using a generic top-level domain and specifying the country in Search Console, that helps just as well. That's similar in the US as well. So if you have a .com website and you set the country in Search Console for US, then we can take that into account. Obviously that doesn't mean that this website will always be ranking number one in that country, but especially if we can tell that people are looking for something local, we'll try to show it a bit higher. So if I am coming from UK and I search something, then any local business would show up first because those are the prioritized domains because they are based in UK. Because I am coming from UK, they must show up first, yeah? First is a really hard place to kind of guarantee. When we look at the rankings, we kind of think about what is relevant and what is less relevant, and we will prioritize, kind of promote the local results if someone is searching for something local, but that doesn't mean that it will always be number one. So it might be that something is really, really relevant in the UK even though it's not from the UK. All right, that's understandable. And one more thing, and I'm not going to take much of your time, just one quick thing, about the backlinks. I hear a lot about backlinks. Some people buy it, some people buy for, let's say, magazines, local magazines to vouch with them online and that kind of stuff. And to be honest, that's unfair because if they have the money, they have the wealth, they will buy everybody and they will have a lot of backlinks. So what's the point, where's the logic behind that? Is there, like, because it won't be just for rich people to have a backlinks and the others won't have a backlinks. So is there any logic behind that? Is there any kind of algorithm to check if this a legit backlink or not? If that's the case, can you explain it to me a little bit? Yes, we do take links into account when it comes to ranking, but we watch out for things that aren't legitimate links. So if these are ads, for example, if they're marked with the realm of follow, then we take those out of our equation. If we can recognize that they're ads or that they're otherwise paid for, then we take them out of our equation. So these are things where we have a lot of practice and experience with over the years and we do try to treat them appropriately. Thank you very much. All right, let me run through the questions that were in the chat and double check that we don't have any other big submissions and then we can open things up to more questions from you all. How to delete a part of a page in a perfect way? Should I use 301 redirects or maybe 404 or 410 if that content doesn't exist anymore? So if it's something that you remove from your website, then I would just use a 404 and just let us know that we tried to crawl this. It no longer exists. We will drop that out automatically over time. You don't need to do anything special there. If you need to remove something urgently, you can use the urgent URL removal tools. They help us to drop that content out very quickly. One thing to keep in mind there is it takes out all variations of those URLs. So HTTP, HTTPS, dub dub dub, non dub dub dub, all of those are removed as well. And another one here is a true that since January 2017, Google will penalize sites with pop-ups. What about pop-unders? Yes, we do have an algorithm coming out. I don't know if it's in January or if it's further on in 2017. Whereas specifically on mobile, we will try to recognize interstitials. And we will take that into account when it comes to determining which of these sites are relevant or more relevant or less relevant. So that could be seen as a kind of penalty. With regards to pop-unders, I haven't really seen pop-unders on mobile. At least haven't really noticed that. So that's probably less of a thing there. Let's see. Yes. When we're trying the speed insights, the cities are getting a score of 60 out of 100. What is a good speed we should have at least for the mobile? For page speed insights, I would use that less as a kind of a baseline to cut through but rather as a way to improve things. So if you think your site is slow and you see a score, I don't know, 50 or 60 there, then that's something you can work on and tackle all of those small problems that are flagged there. So it's not so much that I would say you need to have at least 70 for mobile and 80 for desktop or whatever. It's really more to encourage you to tackle these problems on a step-by-step basis. Can I ask you a question? Go ahead. Sure, fix is the problem. Sorry? Go ahead. OK. For the previous pop-up thing, most of the websites use these pop-ups to convert people, convert guest to customers. So if you give a penalty to the websites which are using pop-ups, they cannot get the best out of the visitors. I disagree very strongly with that. Because if you're showing a pop-up to someone for the first time when they come and visit your website, then they don't even know if your content or whatever you're providing is useful for them because they can't look at it. So this is something where if your only value is by sending people away by showing them a pop-up like this, then that's something I would rethink that strategy. Your business should succeed in showing users the value that your products, your services, provide and letting that talk for itself, rather than pushing it in their face and saying, hey, you need to buy this.  And that's not really that useful. That's not really that user-friendly. And that's the kind of behavior that really pushes me away from a lot of websites where I just say, oh, I don't need these pop-ups. I don't really need to see this website because they clearly don't respect my time, so I don't know why I should respect their time. What if I do it after the first click? So I go with a principle of first click free. So people enter from Google, read the page, and when he clicks on a second link on my page, so it goes on a second page, taking a cookie or something. I show him, I show at that point, sign up, pop-up, for example. Is that OK or it's still bad? I think that makes a lot more sense. I think you probably want to kind of try things out and see where the right kind of threshold is. Yeah, but would I be penalized by Google for that? No. From our point of view, primarily what is important is the transition from the search results page to your content. So if they can click on a search result and they go to your page, they can read all of the content that you have on that page, then what you do afterwards is between you and the user. But they should be able to get through all of the content that you kind of, or that we're recommending in the search results. Right, thank you. I have a question for you. Last one, and I promise I'll shut up afterwards, but it's kind of important for me to then only catch you again. I have a big problem with a friend, customer, don't know how to tell him, which has a blog. It's a politician. It has a personal blog kind of thing. And he insists on having, on the main page, only the last blog post. So each blog post, the main page is just one post. He clicks next. He goes on the previously post. He clicks next, so it goes on the previously post. That practically is identical content from the main page to the real post page. But that page changed daily because he posts new things daily. How bad that is. I kind of recommended him against that because I can see it as a duplicate content. I don't know what Google will index for the main page, for the actual page. I try to tell him to add things on the page itself, like user generated content, more comments, support the idea of comments of some extra content or so. But in most cases, it's just the same post on the main page, or the page is going on the page itself. How could I handle this? I think it might not be optimal, but it's not going to be critical. So if that's the way they want to do this, then that's the way they want to do this. It's not going to cause the website to disappear. In the worst case, what will happen is we will pick one of these URLs and make it canonical, but it will rank in exactly the same. By the best URL, tomorrow will be another URL because today's page 2 tomorrow will be page 3. For the most part, I wouldn't worry about that. I think that would work fine. But maybe from a usability point of view, there are things to improve. But from search, I don't see that as a critical problem. Would it be bad if I was a rel canonical, which I would change daily? So main page says rel canonical to a real article page today. And tomorrow, when the main page is another article, I say rel canonical to vet article. I think that would be more confusing. Because if someone is searching for the name of that person or that business name, then suddenly, individual articles are the most relevant one when actually the home page is the most relevant one. So I would just let Google figure that out by itself. OK, thank you. John, one quick question. According to the canonical, actually, there was one client that I was doing the local SEO. So it's a classified website, basically. So what I was facing with was there was some duplication, duplication in essence that the website is being built up in such a hierarchy. For example, there is a property for sale section. So inside the property for sale, apartments for sale, so this is kind of a hierarchy. So the URL is like the domain.com slash if you'll just go straight to the child category, it will open the page. And if you will just go with the hierarchy, for example, the domain.com slash first parent, then the second parent, then the child, it will go to the same page. So what I did was I just added the canonical tag to the end page, like the most, the page itself, for example, apartments for sale. All right, so for example, if you even go to the domain.com slash apartments for sale or domain.com slash property for sale slash apartments for sale, so the canonical tag should be ending with the URL, which I need to be ranked in the Google. So it's OK for that? That's perfectly fine. That's a very common practice that you have different ways of reaching the same content with different URLs potentially. And using a rel canonical to clean that up is perfect. Another small question regarding the 404s. This guy was not adding any 404 pages. So instead of 404, it was landing to the main home page. So when I added 404, it says, OK, if I will just go in a hierarchy, for example, first it's 202 redirect, then after that it's 404. So it's perfect or I need to just go directly to the 404? That a redirect to a 404 page is fine as well. That's also very common. That's something we have to deal with, so that should work. Got it. Thank you so much. All right, let me just see. There's a follow up with regards to the pop-up question. So basically Google wants that the user can see the main content first, then after that serve them a pop-up for an interstitial that can help in the conversion, mostly in that regard. Yes, so we definitely want to make sure that the user, when they click on the search result, they see the content that we promised them. So if you click on a search result, the snippet says, there is this information going to be available for you, and you think this is the information I'm looking for, they should be able to find that immediately when they go to those pages. They shouldn't need to click past any interstitials. And especially on mobile, this is something that's really frustrating. You have to find a small x, so you have to find the link that says, no, I am stupid. I don't want to sign up for your newsletter, which makes the user feel bad. So these are all things that essentially come back to us as a search engine where users come to us and say, well, Google, you promised me that I would find this content on this page, but instead, I'm just being shown this big advertisement that's being disrespectful to me and being respectful for my time. So that's something where people come back to us and say, Google, you did a bad job, and that's something we're trying to fix here. So whatever you can do to make sure that when users click the search results, they're able to see the full content of that which was promised in the search results, that's kind of what we're aiming for. John, just a quick one. Sure. I'm about to leave, actually, but just a quick one. I need from your golden advice, all right? What's the best practice of ranking Google? I know it says there is a lot of factors involved at the very same time. I know that's the secret, but tell me, what's the best way of ranking? And is it all right to keep some of the 404 pages? Because we have recently changed the URL structure from old to new URL structure, and we are getting over 700 404 now, need to be so. So some of them are ranked and indexed, we can do, but the rest, I don't find any good alternative which won't be beneficial for the user experience, so I would leave it just 404. With that, I'm the ranking, and as I said, just golden advice. Don't give me the secret, all right? Just tell me how it works. OK, so I have a couple minutes time, and I need to tell you the secret to ranking number one in Google. This will be tricky. So I guess that there are kind of taking a step back. There are two things that I would really focus on. On the one hand, making sure you have a technically sane website that technically works the way that it should. It works everywhere on all devices, is fast, responsive to user interaction. On the other hand, you want to make sure that the products and services you provide are things that users really, really care about, that they will go back to your website. So in the worst case, if Google didn't exist at all, if your website didn't show up at all in search, people would still flock to your website because you're providing something really valuable. So this is kind of like first make sure that technically things are perfect, and then make sure that your website, your business, would be perfectly fine if search didn't exist at all. So really easy to implement, I guess, or probably not, but it's something where you don't need to focus on individual things once you've really made sure that technically things are OK. You should really, really focus on making sure that users absolutely love what you're doing. They recommend your business. They recommend the work that you provide, and they keep coming back. And these are the type of signals that we pick up on indirectly where users recommend your site. And we pick up the links, and we can show that in search. So that's kind of what I would aim for there. Thank you very much. And just one little thing. Should I, in terms of backlinks, as you know, everybody else buying magazines, press, do follow. They have the money. But as a marketing specialist, buy as well. Or should I just leave it to come naturally? Well, if you're asking me, you should definitely do it naturally. If you buy links, that's something that would be against our Webmaster guidelines. And the Web Spam team might even take action on that. And cleaning that up is sometimes really tricky. So I would definitely not recommend trying to cheat your way through the search results. Sounds great. Thank you very much. And have a good one. Thank you very much. Take care. Bye-bye. All right. One last question that hopefully doesn't ask for the secret to life. Can I answer? Sure. Go for it. I also mentioned it in the comment section. I have a new blog. I'm going to create content for this new blog. But I don't know for which keywords I should focus on first. Because it takes time to create good content. So which keywords should I focus on first? Which keywords? Is that the main keywords which I'm targeting, which are very, very competitive, or the keywords that already Google is ranking me for? That's something I don't have an absolute answer for. I think you need to know your audience. You need to know your topics really well. And based on your experience of that topic of your audience, you can work out where there's maybe missing content. Or where the content that's available online doesn't really match what people are actually looking for. So that's kind of what I would aim for there. I wouldn't artificially just take five keywords and write content for that. But really use your knowledge of the area of your users and work out where are things that I could provide additional value that doesn't exist elsewhere. Or where are things where I could provide value that's significantly better than anything else that's out there on this topic. Got it. Thank you. I ask one last question. All right. One last one. Then I have to rest on this. Yeah. When you submit the URL to Google, actually I was facing this kind of trouble yesterday. So it's kind of some kind of limit upon me because I changed that title and description. Then after six hours, I had to change it again. So I submitted it afterwards again. So it's kind of a limit. I can submit it in 24 hours once or something like that. Sure. You can submit it as often as you want. That's less of a problem. I don't think you'll get a lot of value out of it if you just keep changing things. Because then we can't kind of understand the context of those pages for the long term. So that's something where if you need to submit things because they change quickly and if they're individual URLs, you can use the submit to index tool in Search Console for that. If you have a lot of content that you're changing, if you're redesigning your site, if you're doing any kind of redesigning bigger chunks of content, then you can use a sitemap file to let us know about that. I was just curious about, for example, how much time will Google take when I submit the URL to read all the content and put it in the context? So I can just see the impact of the title and description I just changed. We don't have any guarantees. So sometimes we can pick that up within a couple of minutes. Sometimes it's a matter of a couple of days. It really depends a lot on the website on various other factors. So that's not something where we'd always say within 10 seconds we'll be able to reflect that in Search. So when I see the impact in the ranking, I'll be like, sure, OK, this is the impact for that title and description, yeah? Yeah, yeah. OK, thank you so much. All right, I need to take a break here. I have a next meeting lined up. We have a bunch more of these topical hangouts lined up for December, I think like two or three a week. So if there are more questions on your mind, check out the list of hangouts that we have available. Pick the one that matches your topic best, and we'll focus on those questions when we get there. Thanks a lot for joining. Thanks a lot for watching, and hope to see you all again in one of the future hangouts. Thank you, John. Bye-bye. Bye, everyone. Bye.


Hi there, welcome back to my YouTube channel. This is Daniel Rosal here in Jerusalem And I asked a question today on an internet forum may mentioned before reddit and asking is there any good Cellular reception checker that works well in Israel. So I mentioned in a couple of videos the last couple of weeks I've been working on getting a really really good backup internet connection here And when it comes to which set which cellular provider to go with You can use the data only similar you can use a regular package But you're in any event the connectivity you're going to get in Israel Or anywhere for that matter is going to be determined by whose Infrastructure you're using to a very large extent now. I talked about the difference between Mobile network operators also known as MNO's and mobile virtual network operators also known as MVNO's and an MVNO is essentially Looks on the outside the same thing an example in Israel at the time I'm recording this video because who knows what the market would look like in a few years an example would be Rami Levy mobile RAM RAM RAM does not have its own nationwide network of cell phone towers So what they do is use lease connectivity from a company that does like Salcom I can't remember who which which MVNO Rami Levy is And then they'll sell it on to consumers and typically for like a better package or something like that So that's that's how it works now I was asking if there's a coverage checker that you could see in a certain part of Tel Aviv or Jerusalem What's the coverage like so I posted a thread on reddit and I got back this very helpful reply from Asaf Shukri I hope I'm pronouncing that username correctly Shukri, I feel like the R is in a different place and I'm pronouncing it He said GovMap has a layer of active cellular antennas by provider on a map But I don't know if it really details coverage of users or frequencies Maybe there are differences in the coverage of different antennas You can see that there are bigger clusters in populated areas like central Tel Aviv because there's more users there But it doesn't mean better reception It does have details like technology generation as in 3G, 4G or 5G So he is correct There is a layer on the GIS for cellular receptions and it does indeed have that info on it So I just want to show how to find that so thank you to Asaf Shukri on reddit for that pointer So I've just done a video on GIS and it is actually like Such an amazing tool that it is worth just like knowing about its existence So this is it. It's GovMap.gov.ill Now you can't see that URL because my screen is a bit cropped But lest there be any doubts it is GovMap.gov.il and as you can tell from the website It is a government, it's a government resource. Now what this is is basically It's a GIS. It's a geographical information system So unlike Google Maps, it just has kind of a basic layer of a map It has a ton of data in different layers and those layers are maintained by different government agencies Typically or the government itself and they put a lot of data on the map that you can toggle on and toggle off And if you create an account on GovMap, you can even make your own layer And you can even access it by API. So there's lots and lots of fun to be had here But I'm making this video for people who just want to know about What antennas are in their area and for those who want to know about 5G. Now I'm aware of the potential for abuse here because and I don't really mean abuse I mean look some people are irrationally worried about 5G for you know Reasons that to the best of my knowledge have never been scientifically proven So these people might be able to have a field day tracking down their 5G antennas But look I don't believe what's the point of hiding info and I think it's great that the Israeli government Puts the info out there in the public domain on GIS So okay enough enough explanations. Let me show you what you need to do So when you go to the website you'll see and I recommend using it in in Hebrew because I've tried it in English There is a little English to see the English button here in the bottom left There is a little English Option, but in my experience it just does not work as well I didn't find the same amount of information on the English layer as I did on the Hebrew layer So therefore I recommend using the Hebrew layer. Um, okay, so You can click on it's not one of the default options. It just loads here when you click into To the best of my knowledge Therefore what I needed to do Was click on And that allows that allows you to get to the grand list The grand daddy list and this is like every layer that you can add to it and like look at this Look at this Look at how many there are it's it's insane. You can even if you can also filter by category Hirom bitochon So like emergency response Or just click on a color category to get all the categories Now, um, because I've added I've added this, um, you're not able to you're not able to get it Um, therefore I'm going to just go back here. Now if we go to let's Stay in Tel Aviv for the purpose of this. So you can see here. I have Antenot Sololariot Pilot, which means um operational Cellular antennas, and if you click on this little arrow to the right This is where the excitement happens where we can start doing filtering So, um, it gives you some information about the layer if you want to read that Mugdim, uh, she Oh, this is too much. This is too much effort to this hour of the night. Um, it was last updated on 16th of Uh, 16th of july and I'm recording this video in late august. So this is pretty frequently updated. I must say Um, so that's that's that little about the layer switch Uh chazara, please um, and then you can click into Uh, this option here Uh, which will allow you to change you can either draw a selection and build a little radius Um around them or click in them or do a circle Uh, so if I do like a square here Um, it'll sum up. It'll give you a little, uh, you see what it's done there. I'll give you like a little uh list of The results found in that area now. I am Not signed in I should be signed in I'm showing his or a, um, you'd say You'd say Don't need to name like sell I actually honestly having a hard time reading the Hebrew font a little bit Uh, so yeah, you can export and get it up as a spreadsheet So you can see I've now got a spreadsheet with the names in the end so it's very very very very powerful like look at the look at the extent of the data and liberating and this is the key bit so I'm gonna show you guys how you can filter on the layer here. So next thing I can do let's go back to the layer in terms of what I can filter on so that's what this guy does. I got the Nikudal wrong but click into a sinewn and in sinewn this is where you can do a lot of powerful filtering um so you can search you can firstly filter on a chevra on company so you can see cellcom, telephone and phi so phi serves hot and partner so there's essentially hot partner cellcom and telephone for infrastructures operation in israel and really three because it seems like phi is some company that I don't know exactly what their relationship is but you can just show the cellcom towers and watch we're only showing cellcom and only show the telephone towers and watch we're only showing telephone and this we're in televiv somewhere and now if I go to that call we'll take away all that filtering and just showing everything including the phi towers. Now what else can you do? I search by search by ishuv by settlement I think the only really other significant thing that people would be interested in is showing what the antennas are actually broadcasting and that's this last one it's last because it's ordered alphabetically technologiot shidoro which means broadcasting technologies and here you can search according to what they're doing so if you're interested to know if 5g is in your area or coming to your area you can click on so I'm going to do five now the way they've added this is there's separate filters for five five and four five four three two five four three you get me because some of the antennas are equipped with transmitting equipment for just 5g actually I don't think there's any just for 5g I may be mistaken but more typically it's like 5g 3g and 4g so I'm just going to add I've added five and four five four three two and now we're starting to show towers five four three five four three what else do we need to do five four three two and only five so now we've added all the filters and we can see all the radio towers in any area we zoom into that have 5g and you can see we're starting to find towers here so for instance there's this tower which is tower number 330125 it's operated by telephone and we can see this is the tower here yeah it's this one at 56 it's located on benyuhuda 56 um it was and it even tells you like really detailed information sorry some of that was wrong and this one is a three four and five g cellular antenna and that's where that's exactly where it is and you can even change over to satellite imagery and you can also do satellite imagery mixed onto with street numbers imposed so that is it let me just do a quick jump over to jerusalem and you can just once you've got the filters applied you can just quickly move between different cities um so if i go to jerusalem now it's not like in that so i'm just gonna physically migrate uh by scrolling um and you can see the same thing so the nice thing is that once you add the filters they are added onto the system and now you can see we're getting filters same level in same ones in jerusalem so uh out of interest is there any 5g antennas in the center of city indeed there are so we can click on to this one here and we can see it's a telephone operated antenna to 10366 uh it's on yafo um and uh just verify that's correct yep it is it it has equipment on it to broadcast over um 3g 4g and on 5g so uh that is essentially it that is how to use the gis system for seeing what radio antennas are in your area um if you are looking forward to 5g and you want to see what's there or you just want to see what cellular infrastructure is in your area because that might make a difference and if you're thinking about using an m uh mvno a mobile virtual network operator it would be worth knowing and i showed the last day how to do this and i'm just going to bring that across before i end the screencast here there's a good website called atiklishtaim uh and on tikla you have this table uh called tederim uh cellular iim um and you can see here well you can see if i make myself a little bit smaller uh you can see the three major um actual operators partner telephone and cell com i guess that's pfi i think was partner right um and you can see then the mvno's listed under them and uh now this is only current at the time i'm recording the screencast but you can use that table to see who your mvno uses or you can also probably just ask the company whose infrastructure they use and therefore then you can combine that by looking at this map to see who's broadcasting in a certain area hope this video was useful um and if you're interested in more videos on everything to do with technology some of it israel specific like this video some of it not some of it having nothing to do with technology then feel free to subscribe to this youtube channel thank you very much for watching


Good evening, one and all. I am Vinesh from NIT, Durgapur. I am here to present my project, which is basically designing a graphic user interface for open modelica. So process simulation. What is process simulation? It is basically designing, developing, analyzing and optimization of technical process on a system like simulator, like which will reduce cost for implementation. So process simulation can be broadly classified into three types chemical process simulation, electric power stations and biological process simulation. We will be concentrating on chemical process simulation. So currently there are many chemical process simulators available in around, which can be broadly classified into paid or commercial and free or open source. Paid or commercial, the future one is Aspen technology, which is like, if you want to buy it, it will be around one crore for one license for one year. And there are many open source simulators like DWCM and OpenModelica. So we are working on OpenModelica. So I want to say why we choose OpenModelica over DWCM. So first DWCM has already a GUI and it solves basically study state simulation. So why OpenModelica? Currently it has no GUI and its benefit over DWCM is it solves dynamic state simulation, means properties vary with time. And it can even solve more complex processes than DWCM. So that's the reason we choose OpenModelica and we want to like fill this gap. We wanted to create a GUI for it. So our main objective was to make a graphic user interface for OpenModelica using Kiwi. The question may arise why Kiwi? Kiwi is a Python framework for developing application, cross-platform applications, which can be, one code can be deployed in several cross-platforms like Mac OS, Windows, iPhone, Android, all at a time. It can be no need of writing an extra code. So the main purpose of this project was easy to use process simulation. Like DWCM is very complex to use. Like one have to learn many things to use it. Our motive was like a simple chemical engineer who doesn't know like how to use simulators can use it. It was like a simple simulator. Deploy on multi-platforms which we are doing using Kiwi and supports dynamic simulation, which OpenModelica does. So the basic overview of what we are trying to do is, let us suppose this is the OpenModelica engine and this is our GUI. So this is written in Modulica language and that is written in Kiwi language. So if I am trying to communicate, these are like totally different languages. So we should need an interface between to communicate. So which is OM Python interface, which is made by OpenModelica developers, which is nothing but you write a code in Python, using Python in Modulica language. This OM Python interface creates a session between OpenModelica engine and itself and it will send the code created to the session created and the session will solve the values in OpenModelica engine and the session will return the results. The Python will use the result and plot it on the, like display it on the user interface. I will like demonstrate how I am writing the code and show you a sample. So let us go into the demo. This is the like actual view of the graphic user interface. You can see there is a file bar menu up, below that there is a toolbar and this is the canvas flow sheet area and these are the unit operations which we integrated until now. So this is the basic like sample circuit which I made. I will like start from the top. You can see file menu, there are two options, open and save as. I can save this file anywhere. Like I can save the circuit for future use. It is saved. Now if I delete this thing, whole circuit and open it, the GUI automatically loads the circuit. Basically what I am doing is I am saving all the parameters of each unit operation in a text file and retrieving it when I am loading the file. Next you can see there is a utility option which is basically a binary phase plotter. Like I don't know what is happening in the back end because what I need to do is using OM Python. I have to send a compound, two compounds, pressure and property package. The OM session will use the code developed by FOSSI researchers. They develop modules in OpenModelica for this calculation. What I have to do using GUI is send these values using OM session to that model. The model will calculate the values and return me and I will plot the graph. I will show and demo when I after adding compounds. Using Windows I can resize the canvas. This canvas is not fixed. You can see there is a very little space like if I want to make big circuits, you can toggle this and you can move the canvas area like this. You can move it around and after you want to lock this thing, you just select this one and adjust your circuit. So when you start your project, if you want a bigger canvas size, you can just go to this set canvas size and set the canvas. So next the toolbar here, we have first compounds. This is the like every chemical process needs some compounds to be instantiated firstly. So whenever I start the project, I need to add some compounds. Let us add two compounds. Like it auto-search. Whenever I enter a few words, it will auto-search and list the compounds. There are around 35,000 compounds data is present here. So I select Benzene and I will add it. Like Fossey Grice, I've created a database of 35,000 using DWCIM. DWCIM has a database posted online. They downloaded it and created it. Yeah, actually I saved it in a text file and I'm accessing the text file. But the simulator has to know about this stuff. Yeah, simulator is known like code is written in the modelic also. Modelic also has 35,000 compounds. I added two compounds. Second option is thermodynamics. Every like model is like whenever you are doing a circuit, it is based on one certain thermodynamic model. It is like we can see here. We use it in unit operations. Yes, sir, like we will be entering the process. Yes, sir, we will be entering. I will show you the property stuff. Here we will be entering how much amount of that compound will be going. I will be showing you. So thermodynamics, we have to select a model for our simulation. Next, this is the simulate button. Whenever you are completed with the circuit and designed it, you can just compile. Compile will produce a flow sheet.mo file, which is modlical language. Basically, what my GUI is doing is I will like generate this and show what is happening here. This is a basic modlical language file.mo file, which will be sent to open modlical engine, which is being generated by my GUI. So I already added two compounds, right? Now, if I compile, you can see two compounds are instantiated, benzene and tolin from the compound database present in simulated.mo file. Like I will load the modules. You can see similar materials. I created a material stream. So I added compounds. The code has been written. Now, there are just nothing in the flow sheet, just the two compounds. You can see two compounds have been instantiated. Now, if I drag a material stream and insert it, probably it's like I want to send temperature, pressure and molar flow to the open modlica. And I want the mole fraction of benzene to be zero and one. Like this, this mole, total mole fraction of all the compounds should be addition to be one. If that is not one, it will give an error. Showing like your sum is not one. It's a material stream. Yes, a material stream. I'm saying it's not one. It's just a total. Yes. You can see it not calculated means those calculations have not yet been done. When I submit the value, the values will be saved to the material stream. Now, if I compile, material stream zero is instantiated with number of compounds two, compound zero and compound one, which are instantiated above with a pressure value of one, zero, one, three, two, five and three, seventy three of temperature and equations. You can see compound mole fraction. I'm giving zero and one, which I said in the GUI and total mole fraction. I was sending like whichever parameters I select there will be sent here. Now, if I simulate this thing, these are the simulation options. By default, there are options. If you want, we can change the simulation options. Now you can see the calculations have been calculated. And you can check the properties of these material stream, like its pressure, temperature, liquid mole fraction, average molecular weight, all that. After making the circuit, right now, actually, the front end is made, but the back end only material stream model is connected with open modulica. These models are being developed in open modulica by Fossey guys. They were not yet ready, so I couldn't integrate it with the GUI. Right now, only material stream means in open modulica, they are considering it as a unit operation. It does some chemical reaction now. No, right now, we have not yet integrated a mixer, so there will be no chemical reaction here. So mixer class has been written, but for it to integrate with this OM python, they have to write some conductor equations and everything. So they are right now developing these models in open modulica, Fossey researchers. So I have written the code and documented it in such that anyone can easily read the documentation and add any unit operation to it and easily integrate it. Like from simulator.streams.material stream, I am statiating and sending these values, right? No sir, that mixer class is not a written in simulator file. I can write sir, but if I simulate, the modulica engine will send an error. I don't know what variable names they will be writing. I don't know it sir. It's very simple, I have made the documentation such that even a normal person can read that and add a basic unit operation. Means, who is a chemical engineering work? Sir, was I wrong, mad? That is why it's said normal. In the GUI part, if you see, when I select the inputs for a mixer, it lists all the available inputs only. Like if I connect 33 and submit it, now if I can see it, 33 should not be available for input. So if I select anything else, only 35 will be available. So it will be sorted every time. Now if I change this to none, now it will be available. Like I can change it any time. Even this lining algorithm is such that it never overlaps with the moduls. Like if I go friend, it will redesign itself. Even with the material stream, it is like not overlapping. Such that the student is not confused like it is input or output. You can just drag and drop any unit operation from this. Can I connect to what? Like it should be like... Do you have a mixer? No sir, only material streams and a valve, splitter, flash and mixer can be interconnected using material streams. There should be a material stream in between. Like if I am opening a splitter, I can only choose material streams here. Nothing else. There should be a material stream between. Like material stream 38 is available. Are you checking it for what sir? Like for simulation. The choices made by you are creating a loop. Like I don't know like how this simulation works sir. I was meant to design only the unit operations and add them. No, no, there could be a loop in the render course. There could be a loop sir. It can go like this. Yes sir, like even I can make it right now like... The only simulation. I am connected to what I need here but mixer. It has no input or output. There could be a bit more. Yes sir. In actual practice, the number of components that you would have would be very large. Yes sir. That's the reason why you are actually permitting your canvas to be compressed and full. Now in that large node, if by mistake, someone says I need a mixer here but forgets to provide any input to it and forgets to connect output to anything. That means it's a joker mixer which is standing alone and not participating in any chemical activity at all. It will work sir, like mixer will be instantiated but it will never be connected. It will just stay as a variable there. But should you not point because this probably represents a mistake made by the person who is trying to simulate. Yes sir, like I didn't know like how to implement this so I didn't thought in that way. Okay fine, no problem. And for removing compounds, you can select one compound and remove or you can select multiple compounds even if they are connected. There will be, they will be removed like if I select these two and remove this, they will be even removed from these options also automatically. Any compound, even if it is a complex circuit, any compound in between you select three or four compounds it will be automatically vanished from all the whole circuit. Now I want to show an example for this binary phase envelope plotter. I'm using ethanol and water, like I don't know like what are the actual compounds or these are the examples I actually used before. If I calculate the result will be sent and thrown back and a graph will be plotted. I don't know why the y-axis like units are not printed. Maybe it's because of the padding like this is all going, I will check it out. This is the basic binary utility which one can use. I don't know why they use it like I am not a chemical engineer. So coming back to the presentation, scope of the application, future like what we are aiming for this is basically students now like, there are small industries in around which doesn't use this because aspen is like very costlier. Many small industries doesn't use simulators and waste a lot of money in actually simulating it. So students can learn this free software and implement when they are joining any job and show how easily they can optimize their methods. So our scope in future is students can use this and small industries which doesn't cannot effort can easily download it as it is open source and use it. What I learned from doing this project is basically first git version control system before I used to like I heard about it but I was always afraid seeing it. Once I started working I learned first basically git and started using it like it was fun and creating codes with proper documentation before like I used to write basic codes but I never used to create documentation for it. I learned how to like proper documentation in code and using latex for project report and documentation I used latex. Kiwi language basically for developing the GUI, modulica language which when I started understanding how to write it so I basically understand somewhat of modulica language and photoshop for creating all the buttons and all I used photoshop and everything was written in python so before I was like very scared like what is python and everything. Now I am like considered efficient in python and these are the documentation and project links. Thank you.


Someone told me that I need to not try to control anything because controlling things is what bad people do, roughly speaking. Now I'm gonna tell you a little story about this, where this comes from. And when you start seeing marketing for what it really is and propaganda for what it is, a lot of this stuff becomes clear. Here's one example. So there are people in the world who try to control everything, right? So what this lady was telling me did did have some validity. These bad people try to control everything. They try to control you, try to control everything around them. They're just trying to make everything do what they want and they don't care about anything else. That's a bad thing. So a lot of people react to this by saying, oh, those people are bad. So controlling everything is bad. So don't control things. And then there's this message that gets put out into the world. Now I'm gonna give you a little secret. The message is mostly put out there into the world by those people who are trying to control everything because they put out this message that controlling things is bad. They're basically saying, I'm a bad guy. I go around controlling everything. So don't try to control everything yourself. Be out of control because that means you are a good guy. Don't be like me and I'm a bad guy, except they're not saying it directly. It's always kind of like a funny way of saying it as if they're not actually saying it, but you're saying it yourself because this is how marketing works. They trick you into thinking you're thinking something yourself when they're putting a message out. Anyway, let's follow this little trail, see where it goes. So when you don't want to, when you don't control anything, what happens? Well, you just let everything go. Now the most important thing about this is self-control. And when you don't exert any self-control, you just start reacting to whatever's around. You're not controlling yourself and just letting outside influences basically tell you what to do. And this is exactly what the man or woman, whatever, with the person, you know, the man wants. The man who's trying to control everyone. This is exactly what they want. They want people who are easy to control. So they tell you controlling stuff is bad and people say, oh controlling stuff is bad. I'm gonna be a social justice warrior and go around signaling my virtue by not controlling anything, especially myself. I'm gonna drink and party and woo-hoo, yeah, woo-hoo. And it just leaves people open to being controlled by all the media around them and all this stuff.  You know what's more important than any of that stuff? Exert some self-control. Control yourself. Just start with that. Exert self-control. Start deciding for yourself what you think is valuable in the world and what you think is not valuable in the world and then start acting upon that.  This is the best way to fight those people who are trying to control everything. Okay. I just wanted to blurt that out before I go do some stuff.


Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the video. My name is Salamite. If you don't know, I've been doing this fitness thing, this YouTube thing for a little over a decade, maybe 12 years, is when I started the podcast in 2011. I've been powerlifting since about 2009, 2010. I would say I'm part of the online fitness community starting in maybe 2012 when I started making friends with people like Omar Esoff and Bart Kwan and Brandon Diamond Campbell, Max Chuning, Christian Guzman, the boys from Mastethics.  We're going to go a little bit down memory lane. We're going to be a little bit open here. We're going to talk about just some things that have happened in my life in my brain. So recently, the news I think is public now that Garrett Gonzalez from Mastethics has passed away. So I want to send my condolences to him, his family, his girlfriend, his friends. I grew pretty close with Simon and I've known the Mastethics boys forever, but pretty close with Simon over COVID. We've obviously traveled and met, hung out many times at expos, et cetera. But during COVID, a lot of things kind of came to my mind or kind of shut down in some ways. Obviously the world and the pandemic and the gym scene was rough. We all went through our own challenges and our own ways. I've struggled with anxiety and depression my entire life and I know many of you struggle with your own demons. I was actually going through a little dip in life, a depression, if you will, before the pandemic. Starting kind of in the fall of 2019, things weren't awesome in my brain. And that was kind of the first real break I think I took from YouTube. I wasn't working out, so then what was I going to film? I wasn't training, so then what am I going to talk about? Plus, you know, weeks and months of just not eating, not be able to get off the couch. During the pandemic, for those that don't know, I started opening a gym called 3rd Street Barbell in Sacramento, California. We got the keys in June 2020. We had talked about the lease, et cetera, in about December 2019, and we're figuring out those parts of it before, you know, the world shut down. And obviously everyone was told two weeks, so we're talking to our real estate agent and we signed the lease regardless. Obviously those two weeks turned in California two or three years. I opened the gym during that time. We did a lot of renovations from June to about October, working 10, 12-hour days for any of those that have, you know, done any kind of renovations or started any kind of business, you know, the hours that it takes. During this time, you know, I think online fitness and YouTube fitness will do a very big revolution. Obviously, TikTok had been around since maybe 2017, 2018, 2019, but the fitness scene on TikTok exploded the next generation. You know, maybe the fifth, sixth generation of content creators came about.  And then for the next two years, I had to run the gym. We really didn't have any employees. Obviously the pandemic was still lingering. We were considered an outdoor facility by the county because we had three open walls and so we just continued to stay open. Probably wasn't until 2022 when I got a team, Seabass, Avi, Kyle, and it allowed me a little bit more freedom to step back into the scene. So we started traveling to USAPL Nationals. Obviously I made some trips to hang out with Bart and do film. We still filmed for Barbara Brigade, et cetera, et cetera through that time, but getting my face back in the scene. It's a great creation, although it has more varying scales than someone like a performer or an entertainer. You're basically an entertainer or performer, right? Someone like an actress, an actor. Your current worth is only that of what your audience is as a business or as a performer, right? You could be the best actor in the world, but if no one's watching your show, you ain't got a show, right? I think I'm a pretty confident human being. I've been to therapy since I was in third grade, not a lot of self-exploration, had a lot of professionals help me and teach me things along the way, and I've had many talks with recent content creators that are a little newer in the game. I'm not talking about that. This show, we need to build a foundation because the foundation isn't your views. Yeah, it's your community. Shout out to you all for rockin' with me now for 12, 13 years. Your community can be part of that foundation for sure. But views come and go, likes come and go, follows come and go. And despite me considering myself a pretty confident person, I definitely had times where coming back to YouTube or coming back to consecration on Instagram or the podcast would rattle me emotionally. When you create content, at least what YouTube used to be, we just filmed ourselves. We didn't have a persona. We weren't acting. You saw into our lives, into our brains. I tried to share knowledge and experience with as many people as I could. That was literally always and still is the goal. So when things get rattled, whether it be views or likes or whatever, it kind of rattles you. I'm big on not tying your identity to one thing, because you see with athletes all the time, right? You're the best basketball player in high school. You rip your ACL. You don't have basketball no more, and you just, your life crumbles, right? So we want to diversify not only our hobbies, our interests, our skills, but who and what we consider ourselves, you know? I'm a son. I'm a friend. I'm a boss. I'm a mentor. I'm a student. I'm a lifter. I love music. I love clothes. And so I've been pretty confident in who I am my entire life. But always things and negativity are going to sneak in your mind as your views go down, as your followers go down, as the momentum of what you've known for a decade starts to go away. We recently took a trip to Houston, Texas and Austin, Texas to hang out with some boys. I've actually done two trips there over the last six months. You know, we have a lot of homies. Texas is obviously a very big hub for fitness in the last couple of years. And some of those are OGs, Shali, Russ, Guzman, Max. A lot of really good friends of mine. And so obviously Guzman and Max are content kings. They're so good at what they do, business-wise and content creation-wise. But they started this whole journey the same time I did. And so there's kind of like this low-key brotherhood or frat there. And I came home, I was talking to Seabass in the plane, maybe the car. And the feeling of, I guess, legacy in a way built me a little bit more confidence that what we did mattered. What we did stands the test of time, that it made connections, that the community is still there, although the fitness community is bigger. And in my opinion, maybe a little bit more diluted by TikTok. There's some great content creators there.  Sure, that's always been a part of fitness or marketing, but just feels a little bit different than all of us being trainers or being meatheads and then sharing the journey of content online.  What impact are you making now or down the road? And then have a little bit of a plan. I'm not the most organized guy, I don't have a degree, I don't have a five-year, ten-year plan, but I have goals and I have a path and I have strategy to how I move through this planet, through this universe, through this world and how I want to impact people. I have like a guiding light, I have a North Star. And so if you have that, I think you'll be better off. I've just seen so many people get crushed and disappear and mentally, physically take it so on the chin that their views aren't there or their likes aren't there, their following isn't growing, et cetera, et cetera. And trust me, it's exciting, it's exciting. I want just as many views as y'all want. I mean, you don't want to put the effort into buying the camera, thinking of concepts, sharing your knowledge and experiences to get no views. No one wants that, but a point is that that shouldn't rattle you so far into a downward spiral that I've seen. And then for those that aren't there, it's coming. And I don't mean that in a negative way, but no content creator, no actor, no basketball player, nobody stays at the top forever.  And so I just want to share a little insight from my world what that maybe looks like and to maybe think of how you can build foundations, whether it be financially, which is a big part, how it could be emotionally, which is also a big part of the journey of maybe being a content creator. There's also a trend of hardcore lifters or these, I call them shut up in lifters that have this tough guy motto that the gym is the therapy and stuff and let me tell you from someone who's been to therapy and who's also been to the gym, nothing replaces therapy. So if you're struggling, if you want to learn about yourself and people and how the world kind of works, I recommend therapy to anyone. But know that fitness to me is a baseline of this self care movement. But it's not the answer to self care.  Doing things that allow you to relax and maybe unplug for a bit, yeah, that's another piece of the puzzle that is self care. But just because you eat broccoli and tilapia and do squats twice a week doesn't mean that you're mentally or emotionally taking care of yourself. And it's a little bit of a pet peeve of mine because I am kind of a mental health advocate. I think it might even be mental health month coming up in June. I just think it's important to look at your life yourself as different aspects and be able to handle all those. Sleep's a big portion. Yeah, nutrition's a portion.  The job and things you do every single day are a big part of your mental health and will play a role in how you're feeling and how you treat others. I think how you look at things, the perspective of being as positive as you can in situations plays a role in your own mental health and those around you. Yes, stoicism and these things are getting really popular where they say the outside world doesn't affect you, but it does. That's the world we live in. We're social creatures. If that wasn't the case, everyone would be isolated and live on their own. But humans don't move that way. We move in families, we move in communities, we move in groups. And in the modern day, obviously, we move in city, states, counties, whatever, but we need each other to get by. Not only logistically, right, food, how our world works, roads, police officers, firemen, teachers, right? We need each other applicationally, but emotionally we do too. And so you can have a net positive or a net negative effect on each other. And so one thing that helps my own mental health is being cognizant of how I'm affecting others. If I can be more positive, and I even tell my team, I'll tell them this morning, my bro, I'm irritable this week, I'm trying my best over here, but I'm just almost giving them a warning.  And if everyone does that, we probably have a more positive world and a more positive culture that we live in. Now that ties into content creation easily because with content creation, and a lot of people do do this in a great way, they reach hundreds of thousands of people with entertainment or education, right? So if your effect is that great, you have to have a responsibility on the messages you're sending.  If you're an athlete, you're not alone. If you are injured, going through it, losing someone, loving someone, missing someone, you're not alone. We all go through it. Trust me, and I say this in the most humble way, I'm very confident in who I am, what I have to offer in this world, and even I have gone through negative days, weeks, months, feeling less than because of where my social media or online presence goes, has gone. You always expect this onward trajectory to go on forever, and if you're a content creator, I'm here to, you know, and maybe this falls on deaf ears, you know, because it's easy to see and hear things until you experience them, right? Until you experience something is often the only way you can feel it, and I've experienced a lot of things, and that's why I talk about these topics. So hopefully others that are feeling this are going through it, or those that potentially down the road will can connect because you can't be fully empathetic until you can understand what it's like in someone's shoes. It's okay. Business is hard, life is hard, content creation is hard, nothing stays up top, but if you continue to follow that guiding light, whatever that is for you, you'll just have to pivot. Everything in life is a pivot. I'm double-teamed at the half-court, I'm going to pivot out of it. You know, pandemic comes, I'm going to pivot out of it. I can't be as strong as I want to be or used to be, I'm going to pivot out of it. Content creation is not what it used to be, we're going to come up with new concepts, new ways that I can reach more people and continue to help people. In the core that is still here, I'm going to give them the best value I can while they're here. That's a pivot in itself, right? Marketing, there's often ways to grow wider or ways to grow deeper, and often the answer is to grow deeper, and if I can grow a deeper connection with a certain community and help them with my experiences, my words, or even just having fun entertainment, which is obviously the majority of the channel, I'm going to do so. So, a little bit different video today, man. Just want to let you guys in, kind of bring the Wizard of Oz veil back and let you see how my brain works, what's going on in my head over the last three, four years, I want to help entertain our educators, many people as I can in this world, if I can make you smile, if I can make you better, because I've been to some dark places, and I know you all have too. So, I'm going to go catch some cardio. We are starting a deep cut, the shreds life, so episode one's up, if you guys want to go check that out, and I hope you follow along. Be sure to subscribe, man, give this thing a thumbs up. If we can get 200, 300, 400, 500 likes, it'd be much, much appreciated. 3sb.co, big sale coming soon. Stay tuned, goodcompanydiscord.com, and I'll catch you all in the next one.