This 2014 GMC Sierra 1500 Crew Cab six and a half foot box is stock number 12145 ZA. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, your new and used light duty truck headquarters. This 2014 GMC Sierra 1500 has the 5.3 liter V8 engine. This truck has been fully safe and inspected by our service shop per the state of Wisconsin inspection process. It has been fully safe, it has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go. Sonoma Red Metallic is the color we shoot all of our videos in 1080p, 60 frames per second so if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, smartphone or television turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to check out the quality, condition and options of the truck before seeing it in person. And if you like the video and want to subscribe to our YouTube channel where we do videos of our new and used inventory each and every day here at Summit Auto in the bottom right hand part of the screen is a subscribe button, click that and then click the bell notifications you'll get updates every time we do a video here at Summit Auto. This one comes with the chromed 20 inch rims. It has Cooper Discover 83 tires. These are 275, 55R20s and they have right around half the tread left on them. The rims are in pretty nice shape, I didn't see any major scuffs or scrapes on there. Front fender looks really good. Comes with the projector lamp headlamps, LED running lights and the factory fog lights. Front bumper and lower valance are in excellent condition, I didn't see any dents or dings on there. The lenses are nice and clear and the hood is in really nice condition as well. Passenger side front fender looks really good. Paint is very shiny and reflective, the passenger side rim, no major scuffs or scrapes on that. Now it's like showing the metallic finish to the paint, it's got a lot of metal flake in it, so really a cool color Sonoma Red Metallic. As you go down this side of the truck, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos so if you are far away or even if you're close by and just cannot make the trip down but you're still interested in purchasing the truck, you can see the truck, hear the truck and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here. So when you do get here, there's absolutely no surprises and you can make a smart and informed buying decision from wherever you're at. Very clean down that side comes with the factory chrome step bars, this back rim is in nice shape as well, no major scuffs or scrapes, back tires have just as much tread as the front tires and the frame and under body, not too bad, got a little bit of surface rust on there but kind of what you'd expect on a 2014 with this many miles. But the body itself is in great condition, lower cab corners and rockers all look really good as well, didn't see any corrosion on them and that's really where you want to look. Bed rail covers on here, coming to the back of the truck, the rear bumper is in nice shape, does have a receiver hitch, four pin, seven pin wiring, rear bumper steps, the tailgate is in really nice condition as well, has a Truxedo soft roll up tonneau cover and while it's not brand new, it does look like it's in pretty nice condition, has a shock down assist, so that will never slam on you, spring and bed liner, side box tie downs and you do have the LED bed lighting up there and that is on both sides, you turn that on with your cargo lamps and the bed itself is in really nice condition, tailgate shuts nice and solidly and as you go down the driver side just as clean as that passenger side, no denser dings on the box, four full disclosure this back rim is in nice shape as well, down the rest of the side of the truck looks really good, denser dings in the doors, does come with the heated power mirrors, directional signals, driver side blind spot mirror, inside the SLT package gives you the black leather interior, there are no rips or tears on the seats, they're in really nice shape, both of these front seats are heated in power, factory all-weather floor mats, auto headlamps turned out four-wheel drive and this one does have an aftermarket brake controller right there and I believe that is part of it as well, power windows, power locks, power mirrors, memory driver seat, these mirrors do power fold in, I always like showing both sides so you know that both sides are working properly, we'll hop inside, take a look at the instrument cluster and the miles and everything that this truck has to offer on the interior, you can see that this truck has 80,876 miles instrument cluster is very nice and clean, you get the leather wrap steering wheel, cruise controls on the left, Bluetooth and information center controls on the right, does come with the six-speed automatic transmission with the optional tap shift, this one has the GMC IntelliLink radio, AM, FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities on this radio and this is also where your backup camera shows up, you have a CD player right there, there are your heated seat buttons, dual climate controls, power pedal stability controls, that's for your cargo lamps, that's how you turn on those LED bed lightings, bed lights, down here you have three USBs, two 12-volt power points and a 110 volt, 150 watt plug-in, you have a holder for your cell phone or whatever, passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition as well, I didn't see any rips or tears on there, smells very clean inside this truck, I don't think it's ever been smoked in, the headliner is in really nice condition as well and you do get map lights up here, home link buttons for your garage door security systems and lane systems and on-star capabilities in the rear of a mirror as well as SOS capabilities, we'll start it up in just a second, we'll take a look at the back seats before we do that and then we'll take a look under the hood, back seats are just as clean as the front seats, no rips or tears back here, it does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats, fixed glass window with the built-in rear defrost, seats once again are in nice shape and it does have all-weather floor mats back here, carpeting looks very good as well, side curtain airbags and the bottoms of the doors all look really good as well, I didn't see any corrosion on them, we'll start it up, take a quick look under the hood, starts right up, no check engine lights or anything like that, I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today and hopefully from this HD video you'll been able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around inside and out, under the hood we have the 5.3 liter V8 engine, engine bay is very clean runs very smooth, once again this truck has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop has a fresh oil and filter change, all the fluids have been checked and topped off and this truck is 100% ready to go, there are those LED running lights, the headlights there and I would highly recommend this truck from a quality and condition standpoint considering the age and miles on it and to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, halftones, recorder tons, one tons you name it, we got to go to that website right there www.summitauto.com full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at summitauto.com and if you'd like to check out more HD videos you can go to youtube.com slash summit auto remember to like subscribe and share on this video and all the videos that you see there, click the bell notifications you'll get updates on the videos we do each and every day here at summit auto in fact a second you'll see a link to subscribe to our YouTube channel the upper left links more GMC Sierra 1500 truck videos like this one the upper right link to this vehicle on our website in the lower left and a link to one of our latest D2 videos in the lower right click those check us out and we're super excited to help you with this ultra clean 2014 GMC Sierra 1500 crew cab six and a half foot box SLT and Sonoma red metallic thanks again for checking out the video


Hello everyone. Today we're going to be talking about the normal distribution, and this lecture, this presentation isn't very long, but it is quite important because so many things that we find in nature are normally distributed, so it's important to know about the distribution and how we use it. So, like I've said, it's extremely important distribution as some people consider the most important of all distributions because this is what we tend to see in nature. This is what tends to happen for most data sets that we have. So, the things that we measure, for example, anything that we would measure in nature, we tend to eventually get to a normal distribution the more times we measure things.  The normal distribution is a bell-shaped curve, and you might have seen this distribution used before whenever we're thinking about, for example, grades. Grades in a class tend to be normally distributed, which with the majority of people kind of landing somewhere in the center here, so it's very probable that someone will land in the center, and then the best grades up kind of at the top, but there's very few of the best grades and then very few of the worst grades kind of. So, grades tend to be normally distributed. If we think about heights, for example, if we measured everyone's height in this class, the distribution of heights in this class would also be normally distributed, which with the average being somewhere in the center, and then people who are extremely tall, very few people would be what we would consider extremely tall, very few people would be what we consider extremely short, and then most people would land somewhere kind of in the middle here. So, most things that we measure tend to end up with some sort of bell-shaped distribution, or a normal distribution curve. So, it is very important to understand it and know how to use it. We will use it more in this class after this lecture, but we will also definitely use it next semester in advanced statistics as well. So, the normal distribution has two parameters. First off, the mean, and the mean we would expect to find in the middle. It's just kind of the average here, or the center of this arc. So, if we just drew a line down the exact center, that's where the mean is located, and what we know about the mean is that that is going to be the most average point. So, think again about heights. There's going to be an average height for the class. There's going to be an average grade for the class, and the mean is exactly average, right? And then we have something called standard deviation. And standard deviation is a measurement that is a distance from the mean. So, remember last time we were talking about distributions, basically everything underneath the curve eventually equals a probability of one. So, if we add all of the probabilities of landing anywhere within this curve, if we add them all up, it would be a probability of one, right? So, the standard deviation, we can basically say how far away from the mean is some measurement, or we can then start to ask questions like, for example, what is the likelihood of some value landing at some distance from the mean? We'll talk a little bit more about that. So, there's two parameters for standard distributions, for normal distributions, sorry, and that is the mean and the standard deviation, okay? So, the curve is symmetrical about a vertical line through the mean, and we're again looking at average. So, if we put a line down the center, it would be symmetrical. We tend to see, you know, there's very few people that are going to be on top, there's very few people that are going to be on bottom, and there's kind of this average in the center that we tend to see with most types of data. Like other distributions, the area underneath the curve equals a probability of one. So, if we added up all the probabilities, it's probability distribution, all of the probabilities underneath the curve are going to be one. So, now think about that for a second. So, if all of the probabilities underneath the curve add up to one, now, just like the other curves as well, probability above the curve plus the probability below the curve must equal one, right? So, the probability underneath the curve added up all of these probabilities would eventually equal one, and the probability of underneath the curve plus above the curve would also equal one, just like the other distributions before. We don't tend to think about the probabilities above the curve too often, but yeah, for normal distribution, we're almost always dealing with underneath the curve, okay? The standard normal distribution, a normal distribution of standardized values called z-squares. So, a z-square tells how many standard deviations the value x is above or below the mean, and that's really what we use normal distributions for, is to be able to guess or evaluate how above or below the mean a certain value is. What is the probability that a value is going to fall above or below the mean? What's the probability that a randomly selected grade will be above or below a mean? So, z-scores can tell us a lot about where things are going to fall on the mean, yeah, where things fall relative to the mean. So, z-score allows comparison of data that is scaled differently. Now, think about that. We might have, for example, the weights of, let's say, the weights of people in Korea, and I think people in Korea actually are very skinny, usually, right? So, most people that I see in Korea are not overweight or not obese by any means, and the weights of people, for example, in the U.S., there's a huge weight problem, right? So, think about the average weight of a Korean and the average weight of an American, and I really should have looked this up. I'm just assuming that the average weight of Americans is at least a little bit higher, right? So, whenever we're measuring, we might actually have different scales. So, we might say that for an American, maybe the scale of weights in the U.S. is actually much greater for considering whether somebody is obese or not, because the average height was taller, at least Korea caught up with heights, and now Korea basically has almost the same average height. So, I'm making this much more complicated than it should be. Basically, we're looking at weights where in the U.S., because of the height difference, we might say that a weight that is considered obese, the scale of that is a little bit wider because the average height is taller, whereas in Korea, the scale of obesity would be slightly lower because the height is a little bit lower, just a little bit now. So, what does that mean? Well, we want to be able to actually compare those two weights, even though they're scaled slightly differently. So, what's the chance that, let's say somebody weighs 200 pounds, and I'm sorry, I don't know that in kilo off the top of my head, what's the chance of somebody who's the next person that we measure being 200 pounds or more? Well, in Korea or the Korean scale, maybe 200 pounds American is equal to like a 175 pound Korean, something like that. So, they're actually the same relative distance from the mean, and that's the whole point of this. We have two different scales, but we want to know how far from the mean, the relative distance from the mean is this value. So, in this case, we can use z-scores to compare two things that might be scaled slightly differently, and how can we do that? Very basically, if you forget my horrible example that I just tried to give, very basically it works like the z-score tells us how many standard deviations it is away from the mean. So, if we have two differently scaled measurements, we can still compare them because we know that they're both a normal distribution. We know the mean of both of them, and the mean can be a different value, no problem. And then we want to calculate from the mean of each of these standard distributions, how many standard deviations are there from that mean, right? What that does is I can have a z-score of, for example, three for both of those distributions. If I'm looking at both of those distributions and I have a z-score of three, then I know that both of those are actually equal, even if they don't give me, for example, the same weights, they are both the same distance away from the mean, and therefore relative to the mean, they're exactly the same, even if they're a different value. And I'll give you an example of this because I'll give you a better example. So basically, z-scores allow comparison of data that is scaled differently. Just think about not the actual values, but how far are we away from the mean itself, right? We're just calculating how far are we away from the mean. We don't really care about the values when we're comparing z-scores. Now, it's also a measurement of standard deviations relative to the mean. So just like I said, calculate the mean, and then look how far away we are from that mean, and we can compare regardless of what the value scale is. Now, normal distribution is, let's say, interesting because we can calculate the probabilities that something is going to fall within a certain range or a certain value, let's say. We want to know kind of, on average, what's the likelihood that something is going to happen or something we measure is going to be a certain value? We can use something called the empirical rule. So if x is a random variable and has a normal distribution with a mean and a standard deviation, about 68% of the x-values lie between negative 1 and positive 1 standard deviation of the mean. So within one standard deviation of the mean to the left, basically above and below, or to the left and to the right. So about 68% of the x-values lie within one standard deviation of the mean is what we normally say. About 95% of the x-values lie within two standard deviations of the mean and about 99.7% of the values lie between three standard deviations of the mean. And I'll show you an example of this in a second. But what this means is that within three standard deviations, we have the majority of the values that are likely to occur. So once we have the data, once we understand what our curve is for the normal distribution, then we can confidently say that 99.7% of all of the values lie between three standard deviations from the mean. That's very good for predicting things. It's also very useful for detecting things that are what we call outliers or things that don't really conform with the data set. When there might be a lot of different reasons for outliers, we'll talk about probably next semester. So notice that almost all the x-values lie within three standard deviations of the mean. Very few are going to lie outside of that. So now let's take a look at this. So here we have our normal distribution and it's split up by standard deviation. So here is our mean, of course, right in the center and it's symmetrical on both sides. And then one standard deviation above is basically this right side here. So we have one standard deviation and that covers quite a large portion of our probability. There's a very high probability that something is going to fall within this one positive one standard deviation. And because it's symmetrical, one standard deviation below the mean is the same probability. So if we combine one standard deviation overall, then we have a very high likelihood above a 50% chance of the values falling within this standard deviation because we have so much area underneath this curve here. Okay, so now let's look at two standard deviations. So if I go, we already have our one standard. If I go to standard deviations, then I'm adding all of this area as well. And if I just say two standard, then I'm adding both negative and positive. So basically we have, if I could fill this in, I would have all of this area up to two standard deviations above and below the mean. So the first part is about 60, what was the 66, 68, sorry, 68% of the overall values will fall within that and then 95% will fall within two standard deviations. And then if I add the three, notice the line for the three standard deviations is here and a very small portion of our next values are going to fall above three standard deviations. So it's going to be 99.7 total whenever I go up to three standard deviations. So the majority of my values are going to fall somewhere within here. Now, this is very useful because we now have some properties that we always see with standard deviations. So then we can look for, well, if we know that our data should be in standard deviation, or it should have a normal distribution, if we, yeah, sorry, if we know that our data should have a normal distribution, then it must have certain properties. For example, we know that 68% are going to be within one standard deviation, 99.7% are going to be within three standard deviations. And we can do a lot of probability calculations within that. Now, what's interesting is if we should expect this normal distribution and we see something very different, we can start to ask, why is it different? So imagine, for example, grades. If I have, if I look at everyone's grade, and I see either too many up at the top, because I'm kind of expecting a standard deviation, if I'm seeing too many at the top, then I might think either my quiz or whatever it was, the test was too easy, or people are cheating, because everyone kind of did well. If I see it skewed to the right, then I would kind of suspect maybe it's either, well, I would first initially think that it's too easy. And then if everyone was to the right, then I might think that, I don't know, there was cheating or something. If it was to the left, then that would tell me that the exam is basically too hard, right? Because everyone did way lower than I would expect. So the mean should be around a certain area. And there should be a certain mean. If it's skewed to the left too far, that tells me that it's too hard. If it's skewed to the right too far, that tells me basically that it's too easy or something else. So using normal distribution, if we understand what properties normal distribution distributions should have, then we can use those probabilities to calculate the probability that somebody is going to have a value that falls within a certain range. Or if it's a deviant from the normal distribution, whenever it should be a normal distribution, then we can start to make some predictions about why would it deviate? Why are we not seeing the normal distribution that we would expect? So it's quite useful for a lot of different things, like I said, because this is a very, very common distribution. So again, think about heights, think about weights, potentially the, let's say, average salary in an area. So the average salary that somebody makes in Chuncheon, there's going to be kind of the average. And there's going to be people in the low end, there's going to be people on the high end, and it's going to get, you know, people making a lot of money is going to be less probable than people making the average salary, right? So salaries, the amount of property, the value of property in Chuncheon, things like that will also be normally distributed. So we see normal distribution a lot. So it's good to be able to calculate or be able to manipulate the data in a normal distribution. So the normal distribution can be used to calculate the probability of a value falling within a range. So just like before, whenever we're dealing with distributions, we want to know what is the probability of a value falling within some particular range that we want to know about, basically, here, 68% of the values will be within one standard deviation. So we start at the mean, and then we go over to the left, to the right, and to the left, one standard deviation, and 68% of the values will fall within there. 95% of the values within two, excuse me, two standard deviations, and 99% within three standard deviations. And then we have these kind of outliers or very unlikely values, essentially. Okay. Now whenever we're trying to calculate the probability of a value falling within a range, here we have an example where we have the shaded area that is the probability of x less than x. And out of these two x's, the one at the bottom is actually a small x. The x over here on the right hand side is the big x, as far as I understand it. So the shaded area is px less than x. So here we have x, the small x, and we're calculating the probability of this shaded purple area, right? So what is the probability that our value will fall within that range? What's the probability of big x less than small x? Okay. And I wish they had used different different variables here, but that's it. White area is px greater than x equals one minus the probability of big x less than small x. So what they're saying here, or the way that we calculate the probability of this white area is essentially by calculating the probability of this shaded area and subtracting from one, because the overall probability has to be one, right? So if we know the probability of this, this shaded area is, let's say, 0.2, then we know that this is 0.8 overall, which it's not quite that much, but that's it. So here, we can calculate the probability that we're going to have some value. What's the next value that we look for? What is the probability that's going to land somewhere within here? And it will actually be pretty low, right? Okay. So that's pretty much it for normal distributions. We are going to do a lot more in terms of normal distribution calculations, especially z score. So again, like I say, this isn't a very long lecture about normal distributions, because they're pretty straightforward. We just have to figure out how to use them and be able to use them and manipulate them properly. So that's it for today. Thank you very much.


Personal notice, danger's my stock and trade. If the job's too tough for you to handle, you got a job for me, George Valentine. Write full details. Say, uh, did you ever hear of anyone who was afraid of an angel? Now, I'd always heard there were pretty nice people with wings and harps and stuff. But not so with Leptie's Gal Friday. She had this angel as figured packing forty-fives, all aimed at her. Now, instead of getting panicky and showing her nails until she resembled Venus to Milo, she should have looked up George Valentine. His motto is let George do it, and he isn't afraid of forty-fives or even forty-sixes. I must say, however, she had a reason to be scared. You see, she played a big part in building this angel. And just in case you've never seen an angel being manufactured, listen, and you'll get it firsthand. Extra, get your paper, Leptie Lumpert, killin' Otter Crash. Law couldn't get him, but what pavement did? There you are, Leptie Lumpert. Bitch, I killed him. You say your name's Emerson. You heard me, Mr. Valentine. Frank J. Emerson. Oh, but you're the president of that. That's right, young lady. Emerson and Citibank. And I'm a very busy man. I only want to know if you've read about Leptie Lumpert's death in that auto accident. Sure, who hasn't? Naturally, naturally. When the biggest crook in town dies, it's news. Young lady, but I know what sort of reputation Mr. Lumpert was supposed to have. Well, just because they could never nail anything on him, not even the income tax board. Of course, yes, yes, I know. But I must remind you that Mr. Lumpert owned a perfectly respectable small investment office. Invest in a dog track or a five-foot shelf of bookies. Perfectly respectable, I said. Regardless of whatever criminal connections or power Mr. Lumpert may or may not have had, that front, that business of his, was proven many times to be perfectly... Yeah, perfectly respectable, I heard you the first time. Okay, okay, Lumpert was real smart. He worked alone. He never told anybody anything. His ostensible occupation was strictly legal. There, let me reassure you. Well, yes, I just wanted to make sure... Only, what's it to you? Why so insistent?  Mr. Valentine, my bank has done business with Leptie Lumpert many times. And never mind that tone of voice either. A dollar is a dollar. Our money was only used in legitimate purposes. It's not up to us to refuse business to a man merely because he's supposed to be engaged in other outside activities, is it? No, really, let's not be naive. Oh, no, no, let's not be naive. All right, Mr. Valentine, it's embarrassing. Of course it is. Business is business, and I have nothing to be ashamed of. But, well, I've never liked it very much. Then why are you here? Why does Lumpert's death mean... Oh, no, no, no, don't get the wrong idea, please. There's nothing I'm really worried about. But you see, he had a secretary, Myrtle Dane. And through the years, I've got to know her pretty well. Myrtle Dane, the one who was in the accident with him? That's right. Probably as close to him as anyone could ever be. At least anyone from the legitimate end. She's quite a person, Myrtle. She's rationalized working for him much better than I have. A very realistic person, a very good secretary. If she knows anything about Leptie's more private life, she's certainly never let on. Wait, just a minute. The newspaper said that Miss Dane was hurt. She was driving. They were going to an appointment and in a hurry. But the steering wheel saved her. Banged up and shaken a good deal, yes. But not badly enough to make her behave irrationally. What do you mean? I've just been to see her at the hospital. Normal, friendly act, that's all. But she refused to see me. I forced my way in, but it didn't do any good. For some reason, Mr. Valentine, the girl is terrified. She's even afraid of me. What do you want me to do about it? If there is any scandal or kickbacks or new discoveries about Lumpert's activities now that he's dead, I'll admit I want to protect my own name and the name of the bank. But also, Mr. Valentine, I think it's my duty as a citizen to wonder, why is she afraid? You know, I think that's a pretty silly question. Now, if you'd taken part in bumping off the town's leading gangster, how would you feel? I don't start looking for the nearest cave because I want you to hear this. Now, let's see how George is doing with Myrtle. Nope, she's still standing her ground. No, I don't want to see anyone, I told you. They brought you some candy, dear. Please, nurse, how many times do I have to... Myrtle, how are you feeling? What? Will you excuse us a minute, nurse? No, come back here, I told you. Sorry, but she's a friend of Miss Brooks here. Hello. What do you want?  Take it away, get it out of here. Take it easy. Myrtle, look, it is just candy, that's all. It won't blow up or anything. A little nervous, aren't you? I'm sorry. The nurse called you Mr. Valentine, didn't she? You're George Valentine, I know you're all right. There's a hall full of flowers and fruit and candy out there.  Suddenly, I'm popular. At my age and with my face, can you imagine? Who sent you? Emerson. Oh, the banker. Well, you can tell Mr. Emerson that I am not just another working girl out of a job. I have been very well paid, I don't want another job. That I am taking a year off to take a trip around the world and will probably never come back to this town or ever talk about the time I've spent here. Hold on, hold on, would you? I don't believe you. What? Mr. Valentine, the doctor says I can leave this hospital in about ten minutes and I tell you I'm going straight to the airport. I know, I know, sure, you're running away fast. But to work for a guy like Lefty Lumpert, you must be a very sharp and cold-blooded girl, certainly smart enough to know that people will raise their eyebrows and say, oh, she only worked in his legitimate enterprises, huh? Running away, huh?  You wouldn't believe me one way or another. Any more than anyone else would when I tell him I know nothing about Lefty's criminal connections. No, you're wrong again. I do believe you. Thank you. A dollar is a dollar, you know. But it takes some rationalizing to work at a job like mine for so many years and ignore the other kind of remark. Whose remarks? What makes you so bitter, Myrtle? Oh, no you don't. My personal life is still private. Big shot dies unexpectedly. Faithful, tough, private secretary is suddenly scared to death. Why? Well, that's the only reason I'll believe you didn't really know anything about Lefty. Because now you don't even seem to know whom you should be afraid of. Mr. Valentine, there's an assistant district attorney by the name of Bill McCoy, do you know him? No, but I can certainly find him. Find him and meet me at Lefty's office. Give me an hour to get dressed and checked out of here. Why? Because the two of you are like cold water in the face. Oh, no, I'm not afraid of Bill. Maybe you've just reminded me of my debt to society, that's all. Is he the one, Bill? What one? I'm not very good at double talk. Yes, you are. Because I'm doing it right now, of course I am. He's the only person who hasn't come to see me. Bill McCoy. All right, so I'll go see him. And we'll all try to solve the riddle of Lefty together. Shall we, Mr. Valentine? That's the general idea. I'm scared, Mr. Valentine, but you're wrong. It's not because I don't know whom to be afraid of. No. And it's not any mysterious partner of Lefty's either. It's an angel. I'm scared to death of Lefty's angel. An angel, George? Protector, Bruxy. That's what she was talking about. She means a guy like Lefty couldn't get along without someone to protect him from higher up. Oh, someone respectable. Maybe that's why the police could never get anything far enough. Hey, hold it. Huh? Hey, you. That's not the way you get into a hospital, is it? Through the fire entrance? You make up the rules or something? Oh, but I got friends on this floor.  Hey, look, that's an operating room. You want to visit that? Eh? Only a couple of private rooms up here. Hey, maybe you're mixed up. At least my friend doesn't want to see anybody. Come on, come on, now. I'll show you the reception desk. I got business to attend to, and I get out of here. Oh, no, you don't. I'm gonna see you and you can't stop me. That's what you think. All right, all right, cut it out. Mistakes, eh? That's all. Got the wrong floor, I guess. Hey, hey, wait a minute. Come back here, you. George, what on earth was that? He was getting tough when I bumped his chest when I noticed he carried a gun. Oh. Is he afraid of an angel or a devil, George? Hey, look, get to the police and give him a description of that guy, will you? And check the reception desk on everybody else who's tried to see Myrtle. I gotta hunch this case is gonna go off like a string of firecrackers. Did we keep you waiting, Myrtle? Found your friend here in the barbershop. Hello, Myrtle. Hello, Bill. Well, that's a friendly greeting. Why did you want to see me here at Lefty's office, Myrtle? I thought the big investigator might enjoy a chance to search through Lefty's private papers. Well, McCoy, it seems like the place to start if we're gonna try to find out who his angel was. No, no, I just thought it would be a good idea. We're too late. Somebody beat us to it. Look. Holy smoke. Looks like a typhoon went through here. It was like that when I got here a few minutes ago. Filing cabinets open, papers all over the floor. Any incriminating papers just plain aren't here anymore, check. I've never told this to Bill, Mr. Valentine. But Lefty always said the law would never get him. He had an angel watching over his shoulder. Yeah, an angel who just tore this place apart. Yes, that's the point.  If there was such a person, then somewhere he must have kept a file on him to protect himself. Only where is it? I'll cut it out, both of you. He didn't keep it here. Huh? How do you know? If his own secretary is... I was more delicate, but I ran second place myself two nights ago. You what? And there wasn't anything here then, Valentine. Two nights ago? The same night you took me to the movies? Oh, now take it easy, Myrtle. And you said you had to go home early to get some sleep? Mr. Valentine, do you know how many years this wastebasket from the district attorney's office has been trying to get something on my boss? Do you know how many laws he's broken himself? Cut it out, will you? A job is a job. Yes, isn't, though. Like taking me out of... Okay, never mind. You're on opposite sides of the fence. You don't like each other. Myrtle, he's dead now. Please watch your... I'll skip it, will you? Hey, Myrtle, did Lefty have a safe deposit box? Yes. I know where the key is. You know what's in that box? No. I suppose you won't believe that, either, though. Oh, for the love of... Look, Myrtle, the thing I've been trying to do ever since he died is to round up that muscle head of his, Murphy. I don't know anything about him, either. I've only seen him once or twice. Hey, Roland, would you please? What's all this? Who's Murphy? The other side of Lefty's life, bodyguard, errand boy. Myrtle's right. He never hung around the legitimate end. Murphy is a big, ugly guy with one cauliflower ear, which is probably the only ear that's ever heard Lefty in private with whoever he is. Wait a minute. I'll get there. Hello? George, I'm down at the police station, and I gave them a description of that man in the hospital. Oh, Bruxy, yeah, yeah. I already know who he is. You do? Just caught on this minute. His name was Murphy. He's the link with the angel. Maybe Lefty's only link with his angel. Yeah, watch this. Who are you talking to? Mr. Valentine, you mean you've seen Murphy? Wait a minute. Bruxy, listen. No, George, you listen. You wait a minute. Do you know that they found Murphy ten minutes ago in an alley?  Say, this angel really gets around, doesn't he? Or is it Lefty's angel? Could be that eager beaver from the DA's office. I wouldn't know. I only know a good thing when I hear it, just like you're going to right now.  But what's to become of Lefty's mysterious underworld empire? Well, the secretary who handled Lefty's legitimate business says that Lefty had an angel, a protector. But she doesn't know who it is. Of course, a faithful bodyguard named Murphy might know, but he's just been shot to death. So if your name is George Valentine, you know that now it'll take some fast flying to catch up with an angel. But Bruxy, where was the... That's not all I know so far, George. The police are down there now. It was in the alley, just a block from the hospital. So it must have happened just after we chased him away from Myrtle. Okay, Bruxy, stay there at headquarters. I'll meet you later. Hey, Myrtle, you said you know where Lefty kept his safe deposit key. Yes, of course. All right, with you, McCoy? Sure. If Lefty had a file on the angel... Okay, then let's go. Sometimes files have teeth. At least he had plenty of room for this stuff. Miss Dane, Mr. Valentine. Well, hello, Mr. Emerson. And, McCoy, I notice you people come into the bank. I'll hurry it over as fast as I could. Thanks, but I don't think we need you. Lefty's safe deposit box. That's what you're after. Any objections? Well, no, not at all, as far as I'm concerned. I've got the authority. I'll take the responsibility for approving it with a court order. Well, my signature's on file as Lefty's secretary. If you'd rather we handle it that way. No, no, no, go right ahead. You just wanted to watch him. Okay, here goes. Plenty of stuff. Well, these are just income taxings. How about this? Oh, wait a minute. No, no, it's the same. And these are audits from the investment office, see? Bonds, bonds, bonds, bonds. Brother, look at this. I know he had a lot of money invested in buildings. Is a million bucks worth here, or I'll eat it. Lefty never talked much about his money. Say, look, let's not be naive, Emerson. Lefty couldn't have made that kind of deal with his legitimate business. So you prove he had other enterprises. So what? We already know that. Oh, come on, this is no good. We're wasting up. Hey. Dusty little envelope down at the bottom. Acme Rattle Service. Yeah, let me have that. All right, take it easy. A key. Nothing in it but a key. Looks like a house key. We can trace it all right. There's a date on the envelope. Acme will have a record. Well, sometimes I've called Lefty at his house and there wasn't any answer. I mean, lots of times when he was supposed to be home. And his own home is pure as driven snow. So maybe you had another house, a place nobody knew about. The guy playing it safe would keep a duplicate key in the bank. Okay, I'll see you later. What? I'm running over to Acme. Valentine, you worry about the murder. Running down Lefty's other life is my worry. Well, well, after all this time of getting nowhere, the heroic DA's man steps in. Sure, I'm after a headline, so what? Skip it and I'll call you back in an hour. So you want to know about Murphy's record? Have Valentine? A guy like Lefty can be a smart lone wolf, but not his strong man. Sure, that's the idea, isn't it? So you ask me about the weak-linked strong man. Johnson, what's eating you anyway? Nothing. Murphy was just as smart as his boss.  So he's dead and we might as well forget about him. You want to know something? I bet he didn't even know anything about any angel. Just Lefty's big, fateful muscle. And what's all this stuff on your desk? Angels. I'm starting a list of angels. And do you know how many there might be? What do you mean? The DA's office always thought Lefty played it alone, like a genius. So now we get into it because there's murder. And what do we find? Well, Emerson at the bank has dealt with him for a long time.  My friend, I'm telling you, there could be an angel behind every client. Okay, okay, Johnson, I get it. Now, which one is it? There's lawyers. That's the best bet. Big respectable outfit. Ask them to call back. Hello. Oh, uh, who is this? Hey, give me that phone. Take the extension. What is this? A date bureau. Hello, Myrtle. Mr. Valentine, did he call you? Who? Bill McCoy. He was going to. He was going to call me. And it's nearly two hours. No, no, he hasn't, Myrtle. Say, where are you? I called his office, but they haven't heard from him. And I stopped by his apartment, but nobody answered. Listen to that. Everybody's getting into the act. Wait a minute, wait a minute. Myrtle, I'll ask the police. I checked the Acme place and they gave me the address he went to. It's a houseboat. What? But I still can't find Bill. Amateur detectives. Listen, lady. Mr. Valentine, come out here first. That's where I am. Lefty's hideout. The houseboat. Pretty fancy place. Yes. Rigged strictly for business, though. It's where he must have handled his contacts and things. Well, there's certainly nobody here. Say, was the door open like that when you came here? Yes, I haven't touched anything. I don't care about that. I was just thinking about keys. Well, what do you mean? Well, if a guy's careful enough to keep one in the bank, chances are there's only one other. Lefty's own key. Well, that was in his pocket and the wreck, George. Lieutenant Johnson checked the number of it for me. So the only key loose is the one McCoy has. So he must be the one who left the door open. But why? Unless he was in such a hurry. Take it easy, will you? He means quite a lot to you, doesn't he? And vice versa. No.  Always following me around. Hey, wait a minute. You notice the wall's safe? What? Yeah, behind the table. George, it's been left open, too. Uh-huh. By somebody who knew the combination. Johnson can tear this place apart now, but I bet he won't find anything. Whatever there was is gone. Bill, I don't care about that. What's happened to Bill? George, yes. Whoever opened it had to know the combination, so it couldn't have just been Mr. McCoy that was here. He could have found it that way. Or he could have found somebody else here and taken the stuff out of it and headed for the DA's office. Oh, no, you know that's not true. George, if the angel was here, too... Stop jumping into conclusions, both of you. Come on. You heard me know. Hasn't shown up at his office. Hasn't phoned anybody. Look, Johnson, what about asking the traffic department? They can't find him either. They're checking taxis now, but no luck so far. Hey, where you going? McCoy's apartment. Try to get some more leads on him. George, look. McCoy! Hey, McCoy! Oh, you're wasting your time. Look at the bureau and the closet door. I'll say. Somebody sure went through here fast. No neckties on the rack. Drawers left open. Uh-huh. No razor blade, no toothbrush. George! Yeah, no suitcase in the closet, either. Somebody else must have been here, don't you think? I mean, it seems to me most likely... Hey, what are you doing at that fireplace? Get away from that... Yeah. Ashes. Papers. So you try to step on them... They're old burn, whatever they are.  Get rid of that draft in here. Maybe I can still make out this... Yeah, that's what they are, all right. All right, Myrtle, look. Whose handwriting is that? I don't know. A second ago, I thought you were scared because you thought McCoy might be dead. Now come on, whose papers are these? I don't know. They burn so badly, I can't do... Okay, you won't tell me, but I know somebody who can. Naturally, I have seen Mr. Lumpert's writing many times. I, down at the lab, will get much out of them, Valentine. But that's what the papers were, all right. Records of payoffs. Dealing with gamblers. All works, whole underworld empire. Lefty Lumpert. His records. Except for one page concerning his angels. Mr. Valentine, no. It can't be true. He wouldn't have. His angel? By the name of Bill McCoy. Well, it's happened before. No one in a better position to protect him. The investigator who somehow could never find anything. Until today. And then he destroyed it as fast as he could and ran. Well, that does it. I got all the evidence we need. Uh-huh. All over, but chasing down McCoy. And Myrtle, you'll feel different when we find him. And if we hurry, I know how to do it. Once you said I was tough, Mr. Valentine. Well, now you know why. Easy, take it easy. You rationalize yourself into taking a job like mine with Lefty. You deal with phonies. And the first nice guy who pays you a lot of attention. Turns out to be a phony, too. It's that kind of a word. I know, I know. You said you knew where to find him. Uh-huh. Yeah, I phoned the river patrol to meet us. Who? Lefty Lumpert's underworld business is still really intact. Those ashes won't tip off any names or places. And it's a good business. Worth continuing. You mean... You mean you think... I mean... Suppose Bill wasn't the angel. He was really a partner of Lefty? Suppose there wasn't any angel. After all, you're the only person who ever said there was one. What? Just like you made a big show of being frightened. To prove there was one, I guess. But Lefty so often told me... If Lefty wasn't a lone wolf the way everybody else figured, then the only possible associate was you. Mr. Valentine, I really don't know about it. You're tough, all right, sister. Suppose that's what Murphy knew. Suppose that's what he wanted to see you about. You, the new boss. What? Suppose that's why you shot him in the alley near the hospital where he waited for you to come out. Shot him to quiet the only person who knew your real position.  Oh, wait a minute. Except Bill McCoy, of course. Sure. The man who was breathing close to the truth. And that's where we're going now. To drag the river real fast before the mud and silt keep us from finding his body forever. His body? Sure. But he was the angel. You saw Lefty's own file, wasn't it? Rabbit's secretary for years. That forgery would be a cinch for you. Just like you had time to murder McCoy there at the houseboat. Then tear over and fix up his apartment and look like he'd run away. Burn those papers but leave just enough so we'd drink. Stop it. Stop it. I won't listen to you. If we find his body where you dumped it, then there's no other way it could work, is there? Yes. Yes, there is. Like, you could keep on driving right across the bridge, right out of town. Oh, put that gun away, sister. And never mind attracting any attention or speeding. You see, there's no reason for me to do all those things. Why would I? Lefty was my... Where did he come from? What are you trying for? Right behind us, sister. Head of the traveling department. I asked her to pick me up. Oh, no. I'm careful with that thing, sister. I'm going to ask the department to reinvestigate that accident of Lefty's, the one with you driving. Because then it'd explain everything, wouldn't it? If this case really had three murders. Well, Myrtle, those policemen are getting out of their car. You've only got about two seconds to make up your mind what you're going to say. You know what I'd say if I was in Myrtle's shoes? Bye. Of course you couldn't count on it working. Not to the extent, anyway, that you can always count on this. Mr. Valentine, you don't count very well, do you? Oh, yes, I do. Three murders. Because everything that's happened would make plenty of sense. If you maybe happened to give Lefty the extra blow after that accident that supposedly killed him, or you could have rigged the accident by... I said you don't count very well! Now give me that! Oh, yeah, I can still count. So can you. Three murders, I said. Not four. First Lefty, then Murphy, then McCoy. Real tough woman, Brooksy. But she wanted to take over Lefty's empire. Simple as that. Well, at least one thing tonight, George. I noticed this case may just stop calling me Angel. Yeah. You have just heard another adventure with George Valentine. Robert Bailey starred as George with Virginia Gregg as Brooksy. David Victor and Jackson Gillis wrote the story with music by Eddie Dunstetter. Now this is yours truly inviting you to another visit with Valentine when you will again hear what happens when you let George do it.


If you've been listening or watching any of the videos and listening to Steve and I on the podcast for the last few years You know Steve's a big drone fan, and he's an even bigger GoPro fan So I'm here with Jake let's see Jake bars from GoPro and it looks like you got some pretty cool looking new stuff here Yeah, hey, thanks for stopping by This is the newest member to the GoPro family The GoPro karma You can see here that it's a quadcopter. It is a quadcopter You can see here that I'm holding the drone It's collapsible both the arms and landing gear fold up and fit real nicely into the karma backpack Which is padded and also comes with the drone The coolest part about this system is that the karma is much more than just a drone The same stabilization that you get in the air you also get hand-held and mountable You can see here that the gimbal is modular So it easily removes out of the drone So he just he just pulled the gimbal off the front nose of the of the drone And it's got a GoPro already attached to it, and he just stuck it in it into a handle Yeah, and so now I have that same level of stabilization No jitter no jello in the video And now it's handheld Crazy, I mean how could now I assume you pushed a lever of some sort it doesn't come falling out, right? Yeah, that's that's correct there So we do have a pretty awesome gimbal dampening system here There's a few reasons why we put the gimbal on the front of the drone The first being to reduce that height so that when it does collapse down It's it has that sleek height that's easily fit into any backpack The other reasons being you'll never get the props in the shot with the gimbal out front here And the third reason being you get this stabilization So this thing will stabilize and hold its position in gusts of wind up to 35 miles an hour Wow, I gotta tell people what I'm looking at so so this has got azimuth and elevation and roll But there's also dampening inside so you can see this this is can you see that moving there Steve? But yeah, do the bloop bloop thing. Yeah, it's kind of waving up and down It's got a little dampening so that it's really stable. Yeah, that's right So yeah, it's a it's a three-axis gimbal really burly Super rugged extremely splash proof You can see here that we are sporting the hero 5 black. However, the karma is Compatible all the way back to the hero 3. Oh, it does. Oh, okay, great So we can use both because we actually do use the hero 3 on the other quadcopter. So that would be pretty slick. Yeah, so Worth noting the design of the karma controller. So this is our proprietary controller. No Smartphone necessary So we got the inspiration for this design Based off of a video game controller super intuitive to joysticks Trigger buttons for shutter in mode full camera control in flight this Dial here will actually control the gimbal pitch And the screen is about two times as bright as the average smartphone So even in the most severe desert conditions, you'll still have all that detail there It's also designed to be used with polarized glasses. So you won't get that distortion effect. Oh fantastic I mean my iPhone. It's just black in one direction. Yeah. Yeah, so I mean also to have noticed that this closes up into just a nice Little compact thing.  It just folds up into a little box. Yeah, no dongles. No kind of you know We try to go minimalist on this Like I mentioned with the gimbal, this is also super splash-proof And yeah, it's super easy to just pack up anywhere and it's got a fashionable wrist strap Yeah, so you can swing it on your wrist exactly, but actually really handy when you're carrying the other stuff You can take that right now. Yeah, totally. Okay, keep going. Oh, no, I was just gonna point out With with the grip as well. So if we go back to the grip There's a couple different modes that we have As far as about the grip for the for the gimbal now. Yeah, so You can see here Right now we're kind of level with the horizon. So this is like a chicken. This is the home position Now if you hit this pitch lock button Let's say you wanted to get that shot of a bird flying overhead You just hold that pitch lock button and let go and it'll actually lock that pitch Until you hit this but pitch lock button one more time and then it will return to home. Oh, wow That's fantastic. Yeah, it's like it's great that it's stabilized. No, I want to look up I want to look up and you'll also notice so this is There's a space right here. I don't have it mounted right now the mounting ring But you can actually mount the karma grip to any GoPro accessory.  It's now mountable to any of your GoPro accessories That's cool. Now speaking of accessories. We've probably spent about $12,000 on those so far But I really like that this this whole setup comes as one thing, right? You can buy all of it together You're not going to come back and say oh well the controller is an extra dollar or whatever. It's a it's all included, right? Yeah, it's a it's a lot of stuff and one backpack for a really competitive price Okay, so the drone the controller the the grip the gimbal The GoPro hero 5 and the case together is how much 1099 that is a really really good price because the The GoPro hero 5 I think is like three five four hundred dollars right now I mean I'm so with the bundle use you're saving a hundred bucks on your camera Yeah, that's crazy So you can you can get this without the GoPro though if you've got the other part if you already got the go That's right. If you're happy with your hero three or four You can buy the bundle without the camera for $7.99. That's crazy $7.99. Oh What kind of flight time to get on there so you get up to 20 minutes flight time With this battery charge time on the battery is 45 minutes and then yeah 20 minutes flight time Comes with one flight battery One cool thing about our charging system So if you pull the flight battery out of the drone You can actually use it as a power source to charge your other GoPro accessories Okay, that's pretty cool. Yeah, you got a battery right there. Why not use it to charge the display, right? Yeah, exactly That way you can fly all day And one cool thing that I've been able to do is take really stunning time lapses using this external battery source So basically with this hooked up to the flight battery The only thing constraining your time lapse is your sd card space. Wow. So he's this is the battery has come out of the of the Karma quadcopter and he's now charging his gopro and running his gopro off of that and charging the display That is a really slick system. I'm guessing people who've used gopros and quadcopters help design this That's for sure. Um, this really feels like all of the friction is gone. Yeah, every every aspect was well thought out You know from the gimbal design to the landing gear and the foldable props To even the motor tips Just with the ease of which you can you know remove remove them and replace them Now they don't fly off like that. Do they because he's done that before too. No, no, uh, You don't fly so good with three props. I don't know if you know that. Yeah, no the uh, the centrifugal force should Secure them on. Um, so that's only if you put the screw on right But yeah, so this is karma. Uh, you got, you know, air land nc covered in one backpack Um, hollywood in a backpack for 10 90 see covered. Um, yeah, I mean with the hero. This is waterpump. No, no, no Karma is not waterproof. Okay. However, the hero five black is waterproof out of the box. Yep We used it in the Galapagos, so we definitely can vouch for that one. Awesome. All right, though. Thank you very much This is fantastic. I'm very excited. Awesome. Thanks so much for stopping by


Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we discussed the following question which says, in the given figure, O is the center of the circle and X or Y is the diameter. If XZ is any other chord of the circle, show that XY is greater than XZ. Before we move on to the solution, we should know that sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side. This is the key idea to be used in this question. Now we move on to the solution. This is the figure given to us in which we are given that X or Y is the diameter of the circle, XZ is any chord of the circle and we need to prove that XY is greater than XZ. First we consider triangle XOZ. In this, we will consider the sum of the two sides of this triangle that is the sum of the sides OX and OZ and this would be obviously greater than the third side that is XZ. Since we know that sum of any two sides of a triangle is greater than the third side. Now this would further give us OX plus OY is greater than XZ. Since we have OX is equal to OY is equal to OZ since they are the radii of the circle. So instead of OZ, we have written OY. Now from the figure you can see that OX plus OY is equal to XY so we have XY is greater than XZ. So we have proved that XY is greater than XZ hence proved. So this completes the session. Hope you have understood the solution for this question.


Hello, guys. Good morning. Thank you very much for coming to the Kubernetes AI and HPC day. And my name is Eudray from Bloomberg, and my friend Ricardo from CERN will co-chair in this event today for you, and thanks for joining.   There are plenty of seats here. I'd like to talk about the code of conduct today. So the golden rule, treat others as you want to be treated, so with kindness and respect. And there will be refreshment and lunch. The refreshment snacks and lunch will be picked up in W194 or W196 for you outside of the session room. And for those of you who need captioning and translations, there's a QR code you can scan, and it's AI-generated captions and translations. And also, we are opening call for papers for next year's Coupe Count Europe. So next year's Coupe Count Europe will be hosted in Paris on March 19, and the call for paper is already open. And it will close at December 3rd, someday. So submit your proposal now. So Kubernetes AI and HPC Day is an event that focuses on processing data, creates insight, and how it makes the world a better place. And then I'm going to hand over to Ricardo to talk about call for paper categories. Thank you. So welcome, everyone. I think this is at least the fifth or sixth event in HPC and AI area, and we joined forces this time. So the CFP was a bit different than usual because it includes things like best practices for processing massive amounts of data, use cases for batch workloads, but then also MLops and Phenops for ML. Some topics are obviously common to the two, so that's the reasoning for joining it this time. Things like GPU and hardware device management. So we got a really nice set of submissions. So for the next event, make sure you keep it up, and we'll have an interesting event here. So I just took just the titles of the sessions. So we have 11 full sessions and six lighting talks today. If we look at it, of course, Kubernetes is referenced quite often. But then we have things like some tools like Kubeflow and similar. But the topics of interest of everyone is things like training, batch. Of course, scheduling is very important. And advanced scheduling and all the new features and tools that have been developed in the last couple of years. And then the more recent trends like LLMs. So we have a bit of everything today. Hopefully it will fit all your interests. A quick reminder that there's, in addition to these events, there are existing communities where these topics are discussed often. So the three last ones, the three bottom ones, have been there for a while. So the batch working group on Kubernetes and the batch system initiative in the CNCF, which kind of hosts and gathers all the projects in this area. And then for the more scientific computing or research computing community, the CNCF research is a group. There's also two interesting discussions, and everyone's feedback is very welcome on creating. So there's a cloud native AI working group discussion. And there's a proposal to create a new technical advisory group in the CNCF technical committee. So if you want to learn more of what this is about, get involved or give your opinion, please join the discussion there. So there's a growing list of projects in this area. This is not an exhaustive list, just a reference so that we know what you're talking about. So there's projects that are more related to batch and scheduling like Armada, Q volcano, Armada unicorn that have been there for a while. And then there's projects more dedicated to AI and ML. So Kubeflow just joined as incubating project this year. K-Serve is actually not in the CNCF right now, but it's in the LFAI. And there are projects in the Sandbox that start targeting more niche areas of AI and ML like KITS GPT, which is currently in Sandbox, but got a lot of traction. So if you're interested, go and if you want to join the communities and help out either giving feedback or contributing, you're very welcome, of course. Another thing discussing with the user preparing this event, we were thinking of... Today we'll hear a lot about what people are doing and we will get references of what the challenges are, but maybe this is also a good event to connect to each other. And during the lunch breaks and coffee breaks, maybe we can discuss what are the open areas where there are gaps in the projects and the stack that we have available. And so that we can start discussing and guide the community to work on those areas. We came up with things like multi-cluster scheduling, which is more for the batch HPC community, but also for ML. Model monitoring, feature stores, responsible AI, it's a big topic, especially for governments and policy, and then LLM integration. So if you end up in someone's table, I think these are nice topics to cover. And finally, we'd like to thank the program committee. So there's a team of people reviewing all the sessions. Thanks a lot for all the work. And like we never referenced this, but there's a very large Linux Foundation event staff that also we have to thank for the organization. And I think that's it for the introduction. So we hope you have a great day. We'll go immediately to the first talk. Thanks a lot.


Okay, so I finished the last book in the Island in the Sea of Time trilogy, which is On the Ocean of Eternity, and, uh, well, I hate to say this, but it dropped to the ball. This is the introduction song. It's not very good, but it's not too long. So before I get into the review, I just want to make a quick announcement here. Next month, April of 2019, will be a Song of Ice and Fire month on my channel. Like, a lot of people have been asking for a very long time. I actually enjoy a Song of Ice and Fire. Why don't I talk about it more? And, like, well, yeah, I enjoy it. I just haven't really seen an opportunity to talk about it until now, so I will have several videos about that coming out next month. But I'll also have several regular ones that were already scheduled or that I already promised coming out, so look forward to all that. And, uh, now we can get into the actual review here. On the Ocean of Eternity starts off basically where the last book left off. The Nantucketters have gathered up their allies, and so they're attacking Tartesos in the west so that they can move on to Greece where Walker and his gang have based themselves. And meanwhile, in the east, Walker is attacking the Hittites and the Babylonians, excuse me, almost set of Syrians. Ancient history nerds would have been mad at me. But they're attacking them in the east, and them and their Nantucket allies are, you know, holding the line, but they haven't won yet. No one has won in that side yet. And like I said, this one does not end the war in a very satisfying way. Before I get into all the stuff that really annoyed me, though, I want to talk about the stuff that I liked, that I thought this book did well. First things first, all the battles are really, really cool still. You know, some people might think that there are too many of them and that they get a little confusing, and yeah, I can see that because in this book the timeline jumps around a little bit. It did it in the last one too, but in this one it's a little more noticeable. So I guess that could be a problem for some people, but for me, I still really like it. I still love seeing all the tactics and also the strategy because a lot of books like this, even if the authors have a solid grasp of tactical doctrine, they don't really have a grasp of strategic doctrine, and so seeing this one, which has a pretty good idea of both, is really, really neat to me. And surprisingly, some of the villains actually get a lot more development and depth in this one.  And same with Hong, his girlfriend, I guess, Alice Hong, I don't know what their relationship could really be described as, but yeah, she just went straight fuckin' crazy in this one. Actually, even in the last one she did go straight fuckin' crazy, but in this one, yeah, they focus on it more and it's just, it's just, no, no, they're still bad villains. However, some of Walker's allies are actually given more depth and more screen time to become more interesting. Like Iskettarol is the first one, he's the king of Tartesos in this, and he only became king because of all the knowledge and everything that he gained from Walker, but in this one, even though before he seemed like just a power-hungry asshole like him, in this one we see that, yeah, he does actually feel a responsibility towards his people, he wants to improve their lives, and we also know that in the original timeline Tartesos is barely even remembered, like it's gone. We don't even really know where it was, so he wants to avoid that fate, he wants them to actually last longer and have them in their culture live on, and I can sympathize with that.  And the other villain that actually gets some depth is George McAndrews, who was one of the renegade soldiers that came with Walker when he first left. And I haven't mentioned Andrew, McAndrews here because, well, he's just such a minor character, but even from the beginning he did have at least a somewhat sympathetic stance. He had an actual reason for doing what he was doing, and the thing is, McAndrews is black and his idea is to go to Africa and give black people all the same, you know, weapons and technology and knowledge that everyone else is getting at this time so that they can avoid being colonized and avoid being enslaved and all the nasty things that happened in our timeline. And yeah, I get that. I understood what he was going for from the beginning. I just didn't think that he, how should I put this? I didn't think that he was going about it the right way, and he was just such a nothing character. Like, I don't even think he got a line of dialogue in the second book, but he was just such a nothing character that I didn't feel he was worth mentioning. But in this one, he's still a minor character, don't get me wrong, but we get an entire chapter that follows his perspective. So we see into his head, and what he's doing is he's going into the Sudan area south of Egypt, and he is starting to build up his own little kingdom there. He's starting to give the people that live there who are black, he's starting to give them weapons and everything, and you know, I'll give him this. Like, even if I don't totally agree with him, and I don't think he's a good person, and I don't think he's necessarily going about things the right way, I will grant him that he's a lot smarter than I gave him credit for at the beginning. And in fact, he's smarter than most of the characters gave him credit for at the beginning. The only thing is that his character arc doesn't really get a conclusion in this book, so that was very disappointing to me. Other than that though, this book does not do a whole lot very well. For starters, there was a hell of a lot of padding and wasted time in this one. Now there was some in the last one, but it wasn't really that big a deal. There was only a few points. Whereas this one, I'd say a good 30% of the book didn't need to be there.  You know, like, there'll be points where, okay, the scene should be over here, we get the purpose of it, we get everything that's gone on, but it goes on for like another page and a half, and that happens multiple times in here. And that's not like the end of the world, but it's kind of annoying and it does contribute to the bigger problems, which include things like Jared Coughlin, who is the executive officer of the Republic of Nantucket, remember. He's in charge of this and he just sort of hangs around. Like there's a lot of scenes with him in Nantucket and just him hearing about how the war is going and everything, but he just sort of hangs around. He doesn't really do anything interesting. There is some talk about how they're having trouble funding the war effort, but that doesn't really go anywhere. I think what they wanted to do here was just to remind us that Jared was actually the closest thing to a protagonist that this book, that this series had in like the first half of the first book, and since then he hasn't really been that prominent, but I don't know. It's just kind of weird seeing him just exist and not really do anything interesting. And then there's the matter of the expedition that went to the interior of North America in the last book. Now, I specifically mentioned this because it didn't really felt like it went anywhere in that book, but in this one it goes somewhere but it goes somewhere really boring that I don't care about. See, what happens is they go all the way to California and they discover a Tartesian outpost there.  And a pretty substantial portion of the book is devoted to them trying to rally the natives together and destroy the base. And well, I just didn't care throughout all of it.  But hey, even if you did like it, which I won't begrudge you for if you liked that sequence, but if you did like it, just remember that it didn't really affect the rest of the story at all. Like think about it, the greater war effort, if they had lost and the Tartesians had kept that base there, it wouldn't have mattered much because it's hardly even mentioned outside of that. It's not a major supply depot or anything, it's just a base that the Tartesians put there to basically thumb their noses at Nantucket. And then when we get to the end of the book, it's, well, it's pretty anticlimactic. I'll talk about that in the spoiler section, but it just, it doesn't have much to it really. It just sort of ends and then, well, that's it. It doesn't have a fun, cool battle scene. It doesn't have a really complex political maneuver that allows them to finally achieve victory. It just sort of something happens and then it's over. And, well, that's just, that's not a fun way to do it. Now the copy of the book that I read also had a lot of grammatical errors in it. And maybe they fixed it in later editions, but the fact that they're there, and there's a lot of them, it's not just one or two that I noticed. There's a lot of grammatical errors and a lot of typos here. That shows me that there was not a proper editing process to this book. And so now after seeing that, I'm realizing like, okay, that's why this one has so much filler in there. And this, again, this book is longer than the other two, like noticeably longer. And so after reading both the last one and this one, I'm thinking this series should have just been two books. Because, think about it, the last one, it wasn't too bad in terms of padding, but it didn't really have its own story. You know, it didn't have its own conflict with the beginning, middle, and end. It just sort of stopped, and then it led into this one. But then that leads to the problem of this one also not really having a beginning. It just sort of starts. And so I'm thinking that if they just cut out a lot of the bullshit, then they probably could have just made both of those into one book. And granted, it would still have to be pretty long if they were going to do this story any sort of justice, but well, yeah, that's sort of the sacrifice you make. And if they didn't want to do that, then they probably could have put in a whole lot more talk of like trade and the relations between Nantucket and other areas, or something. You know, just give me something, because there was not a lot here. So that's the end of the non-spoiler section. If you read the first two books, then I guess you should probably read this one, just to finish up the story, just to see how things wrap up and how things end.  And well, again, this last book really does drop the ball at the end of the series. So if you haven't read the series at all, I would be hesitant to tell you about picking it up. So I don't know, I guess you could call this a mixed review, but I mean, it's not a terrible book. It was okay, I'd say, but I just don't know how I could really recommend it to all that many people. So now comes the spoiler section. If you don't want to get spoiled, don't watch anymore. Okay, here we go. So at the end of the book, Walker actually gets poisoned by one of his own people. He gets betrayed. Like, he doesn't get killed in battle.  My phone always goes off while I'm recording these. Goddamn. And anyways, Walker just gets poisoned by one of his own men. And it's not totally out of nowhere is the thing. They do hint at it, and we do understand that he's made a lot of enemies among his own people and in his own empire. But, like, well, it just sort of happens really quickly and then it's over. And, like, that's the end of the war, too. And so, like, that's just not a good climax. It's frustrating to read because it happens, like, I don't know, 20 pages before the book ends. And, ah, man, I don't even really know how to quite describe just how much of a letdown that is. That is just a huge, huge blunder. And that also goes back to me saying that this book doesn't feel like it had much of an editing process. That one, that feels like an ending from a first draft. Like, I feel like if you went back and changed a couple things around, you could maybe make that ending more satisfying or you could maybe just change it and do something different altogether. I don't know, but that is a huge, huge mark against this book. And other than that, there's really just no talk of the aftermath of this war at the end of the book. Like, there's barely a resolution to this. Like, there's barely a climax and there's barely a resolution. Which, again, all the stuff that has really fascinated me throughout this was the relations with the other people and the trade and the way that the Nantucketers changed the world around them. And if they had had some more talk about that in the aftermath, like, they talk about, okay, we have some people allying with this place and we're not really allying with this place, really. And they talk about that a little bit, sure, but I wish they just had more of it. And if they just had an epilogue, which only lasted, I don't know, 10, 15 pages, which took place like 10 years later and we could see how, okay, things are changing and we can see, okay, for the bad, for the good, how is the political situation on the Nantucket, all that sort of stuff. That would be great. Like, that would make us realize that, okay, all this fighting was for a reason. It wasn't for nothing. And granted, military sci-fi in general is not great about having resolutions like that and showing exactly what the aftermath of the fighting is. It's more about the fighting itself. And I know that might sound strange for me to call this military sci-fi, but I mean, really think about it. If you strip away, like, the time period and the aesthetic and the technology and just look at the actual mold of the story itself, it fits pretty securely into the military sci-fi definition. So that's about it. This book was a letdown, especially the climax, but it wasn't terrible at the end of the day. So that's everything and I will see you guys soon and... All right, you already know what to do. Subscribe and all that. Bye.


My name is Pallajabh Bishwari. What do you like about this work? The course is very helpful in understanding the concepts for JEE Mains and JEE Advanced. The teachers are really friendly which makes it even easier. How are the assignments given and is it proven to be effective? These assignments are given according to the subjects that are being taught both Mains and Advanced Level. How approachable are the teachers in terms of doubts? Teachers are very approachable, you can contact them directly or there are class groups where you can post your doubts. Teachers encourage the students themselves to solve the doubts which encourages the students in more discussions. Would you recommend the Centre Academy to other students? I have already started recommending the Centre for Academy to some of my friends in my apartment because it has left a very good impression. Thank you very much. What do you like about this store? Sankar Sir. Would you recommend the Centre Academy to other students? The student, the person which he got before he is from my apartment. That told him.


وَأَقُولُوا فِي القُرْآنِ مَا جَاءَتْ بِيهِ اَيَاتُوهُ فَهُوَ الْكَارِيمُ الْمُنْزَالُوَ وَأَقُولُوا قَالَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ جَلَالُوهُ وَالْمُصْطَافَ الْهَاديِ وَلَا أَتْ أَوْوَالُوَ الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على المبعوث رحمة للعالمين نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعين السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته مرحباً لكم في هذه المسلمة المسلمة هذه المسلمة التي سنتحدث عنها is all about the parents and there is no doubt whatsoever that this is the greatest of all of the rights after the right of Allah there is no right greater than the right of the parents after the right of Allah and that would have suggested that perhaps we should have put this at the beginning of the course but we structured the course chronologically going through the beginning of creation Adam and Hawa, marriage and then children and then the child is brought up to treat the parents well and so in terms of chronology that's why we reached Birol Wali Day towards the end of the course and what we're going to talk about today is this whole concept of Birol Wali Day we hear this word a lot and we also hear frequently the word إحسان و بالواليدين إحسانة so let's start by looking at the linguistic meaning and the Islamic understanding of Birol Wali Day and الإحسان إليهما being good to them and having Birol towards them so let's have a little look at what this means in terms of the language and in terms of the Islamic definition so the word بير لنوستيكلي the verb itself it can be used for صلاحة it can be used for أطاعة it can be used for صدقة so it can refer to الصدق الصلاحة الطاعة الخير الصلاحة and so on so it can be used to refer to truthfulness or being true towards someone and it can be used for obedience the word البير meaning الطاعة and it can be used for أنواع الخير all of the types of good and goodness towards someone الفضل grace towards someone and it can be used for الصلاحة keeping ties with someone these are some of the linguistic meanings around the word البير and the person who has that attribute they are called بار رن or they are called بار رن either بار or بار and the plural being أبرار or بررة and the angels are called بررة كيرامن بررة so the angels are described with this characteristic of البير here referring to their obedience and referring to the good that they only do good so they are described with this term الباررة because of their طاعة their obedience to Allah the خير and the good that they do so this is a general word and it's one of the most comprehensive words that you can see even in terms of its usage in the Qur'an it's a very comprehensive word that covers all kinds of good and that's why راغب العصف هاني رحمه الله تعالى he said that البير is التوسر في الخير والطاعة he said it is to go to be expansive to be vast in goodness and obedience he said it is a توسر to really go to a large extent in الخير in goodness and in الطاعة in obedience and that's why المناوي رحمه الله تعالى he said وبر الوالد he said that بر as it relates to the والد as it relates to the parent is التوسر في الإحسان إلي it is to really go to the utmost extent in إحسان towards that parent وَتَحَرِّ مَحَابِّه and to really seek out everything that they love وَتَوَقِّ مَكَارِهِ and to keep yourself away from everything that they would dislike وَرِفْقُ بِهِ and to be soft and gentle with them وَضِدُهُ أَلْعُقُوْقُ and the opposite of it is وَلْعُقُوْقُ so we see how vast this word is and how vast this concept of بر الوالد is that the word بر it indicates التوسر في الإحسان even لغة and linguistically التوسر في الخير التوسر في الإحسان being very vast really going to the utmost extent in good in إحسان and we're going to come to that word in a moment in التاعة in obedience in الخير in goodness and he gave examples of that he said that you are seeking out everything that person loves everything that parent loves you're looking for it and seeking it and trying to achieve it across every spectrum this is something worse here it's very expansive so in every single area of their lives and your life you're seeking to do what they love and you're keeping yourself away and being careful to protect yourself from anything they would dislike not talking about something necessarily has to be hard on anything they would dislike being soft to them and being kind to them in speech in mannerisms in the way even in the way that you disobey them it is obligatory for the Muslim to have aرفق with the wallet with the parent even in the way that you disobey them even when you have to obligatory it is obligatory upon you and you have to disobey them in Islam you do so with aرفق and الإحسان with goodness and kindness and gentleness and he also told us at Munawi that the opposite of البر is الإحسان is to be bad to your parents and this is among the worst of the major sins and we're going to hear some of the evidences for this so this the word البر as we heard from these definitions is it is a comprehensive word and it covers الكلام والفعل والمال حتى ما في القلب it covers how you speak how you behave it covers how you spend your money and spending upon them and it even covers what is in the heart how you feel towards them and the love that you have for them the care you have for them and the priorities that you have for them the way that you they come first in your heart this even this comes under the word البر so it is a very comprehensive concept and الموارد رحمه الله تعالى he said البر ونوعان صلة ومعروف he said that بر is of two types generally the word not necessarily related to بر والدي he said صلة and this refers to wealth and معروف which refers to القول والعمل so we're talking about things you say things you do and even the spending of wealth in فاق and we're also talking about الأمور القلبية the matters of the heart all of this comes within the topic of البر as for الإحسان رحمه الله تعالى he said الحسن عبارة عن كل منهج مرهوب فيه he said that الحاء and the scene in the noon here refer to everything every way which is desirable every desirable thing or every desirable way of doing something it can be referred to with this word الحسن or الإحسان والإحسان يقالوا على وجهين he said that there are two ref or two meanings broad meanings for the word إحسان أحدهما الإنعام الإنعام على الغير والثاني إحسان في فعليه وذلك إذا علم علم حسنة أو عمل عمل حسنة he said إحسان can be referred to two things one is to give more to someone give extra to someone or to bless to bless someone إنعام to give someone more than what they more than what they would expect or more than what they would than would be like what they deserve or would be like a one for one so this is what you say about to go beyond and to go further than the expectations so this is one of the meanings of إحسان towards someone to go beyond to exceed the expectations and to give them more than they give you and the second is to have إحسان i.e. to perfect an action when someone learns some knowledge which is good and does an action which is good we say to them أحسنة أحسنة you did something good so to perform an action which is complete and good and to give someone more than what they would expect these are two of the meanings or two of the primary meanings behind the word behind the word إحسان and رغب الاصفة هاني he said رحمه الله تعالى regarding the statement of Allah إن الله يأمر بالعدل والإحسان indeed Allah commands العدل which is justice he said فالإحسان فوق العدل وذلك أن العدل هو أن يُعطي ما عليه ويأخذوا ما له والإحسان أن يُعطي أكثر من ما عليه ويأخذ أقل من ما له he said that is because العدل justice is a person taking what or giving what they have to give and taking what is theirs to take but إحسان is to give more than what they have to give and to take less than what they have to take and we're going to see both meanings of إحسان as it relates to إحسان إلى الوالدين we're going to see this concept even especially when we come to talk about بر الوالدين among the Salaf Al-Saleh you see them going to an extent of بر الوالدين that a person it's hard to even imagine it's hard to even imagine and you also see across all of the stories and the examples that we're going to bring إن شاء الله تعالى the striving for excellence and perfecting that particular إبادة that is an Ibadah towards Allah إِنَّ حَأَتَّهَيَسْتَ so both of these are meanings of the word إحسان and also while we're talking about meanings it's also important to talk about the word الوالد and that's because from among the people of knowledge are those who say that الوالد it doesn't just limit itself to your parents rather it includes your parents and all of the ascendance above them so your grandparents and your great grandparents all of them linguistically come under the come under the title الوالد or given the name الوالد that is the father and the grandfather so likewise we want to make people understand that even though no doubt the parent the mother and the father have that special place in Islam that there is also بر الوالدين that has to be done towards the grandparents and the great grandparents as well if they are still alive that isn't excluded from the concept of بر الوالدين because the والد is the father or the parent وإن على and all of those who go upwards all of them who go upwards and Insha'Allah to Allah later on we're going to come to talk about the relatives and that's another segment the issue of أول الأرحام the people who are related to you your relatives we're going to talk about that إن شاء الله تعالى a bit later on in the course insha'Allah so let's come on to talk about بر الوالدين in the Quran بر الوالدين in the Quran الله عز وجل He said وعبد الله ولا تشرك به شيئة وبالوالدين إحسانة وبيذ القربة وليتامة والمساكين والجارذ القربة والجار الجنوبي والصاحب والسبيل وما ملكت أيمانكم هذه صورة النساء آية نمى 36 الله عز وجل ورشب الله ونفعل أي شخص with him وكون جيد to your parents سبحان الله first of all الله عز وجل begins the آية with his حق his right وعبد الله this is the right of Allah عز وجل all the His servants like the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said to أتدري ما حق الله على العباد وما حق العباد على الله do you know what the right of Allah is over his servants and the right of the servants is over Allah قال خلط الله ورسوله عالم he said Allah and his messenger no best and the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said حق الله على العباد أن يعبدوه ولا يشركوا به شيئة the right of Allah over his servants is they worship him and they don't make any partner with him this is the greatest of all the حق and this is the religion of Islam and it is العروة الوثقات the trustworthy handhold that will never break and it is the meaning of لا إله إلا الله وعبدو الله ولا تشركوا به شيئة worship Allah and don't make any partner with him but look at how Allah عز وجل joined between his right and the right of the parents to show you that there is no right there are no حقوق there is no right or no rights on the face of this earth or in this religion of Islam greater than the right of the parents after the right of Allah عز وجل and this also benefits us that when there is a تعارل a contradiction between the rights of Allah and the rights of the parent the rights of Allah come first the rights of Allah come before everything and everyone else but after the right of Allah عز وجل there is no greater right than the right of the parent وابل واليديني إحسانة and to your parents do good now here the word واليدين the two parents it covers the father and the mother and it covers the two of them together and we're going to hear in other ayat about the fact that the right of the parents is not only when they are together even when they are separate the right each one of them still has their right but here it doesn't limit the واليدين to الواليدين المسلمين the two Muslim parents it is general and that's why we're going to hear also later on that there is no specific ruling about limiting this to the Muslim however the Muslim has an additional right over you the right of the parent and the right of Islam and so on but even the parent that is not a Muslim we're going to hear إن شاء الله as we move through the ayat and the Ahadith even the parent that is not a Muslim still has that right over you and Allah as we said إحسان to your parents to إحسان and we've heard إحسان is to have excellence in every way that you deal with them that every aspect and we said القول الفعل الإنفاق الأمور القلبية the things you say the things you do the money you spend the affairs of the heart all of it towards your parent should be إحسان it should be at the highest standard of what Islam expects from you rather the word إحسان also indicates going beyond إن الله يأمر بالعدلي والإحسان Allah commands justice and he commands إحسان الإحسان to do what you have to do and الإحسان to go beyond what you have to do and you see from the understanding of the Salaf Al-Saleh رحمه الله و تعالى that which makes it crystal clear that they understood that a person should go beyond even the the basic kind of things that you would expect a child to do for a parent so you find one of them would put his face on the ground and tell his mother stand put your feet upon my rest your feet upon my cheek و بالوالدين إحسان سبحان الله and this is not by any means the most emphatic example among the actions of the Salaf رحمه الله و تعالى so you are commanded to have excellence in every single aspect of the way you deal with your parents everything from the way you speak to them the things you do for them the things you don't do because they asked you not to do them your obedience to them because we said it covers obedience and the way that you spend and the way that your heart is towards them and your softness in all of these you should have excellence and then you should aim to go even beyond what they would expect and that is why when we talked about the definition that was given earlier on talked about تحرى تحرى محاب بي تأ a person actually actively seeks out the things that make their parents happy and instinctively knows و توقع مكاره and instinctively knows the things that make their parents sad the person it's not إحسان for the parent to have to ask the child to do something this is an idol this is you know fairness the parent says bring me a glass of water and the child brings the parent a glass of water this is an idol but it's not إحسان this is not what الله عز وجل commanded الإحسان is that you bring your parent the water before they ask for it that's إحسان you bring it to them before they ask for it because you are actively searching out the things that they like you know what they need before they have to ask for it for all life they have to ask for it this is this is a تقصير في حق الوالد this is deficiency as it relates to the right of the parent and it doesn't come under the full meaning of the word إحسان the full meaning of the word إحسان would indicate that you give your parents what they want and what they need and you avoid what they dislike before they even say the words that's what إحسان is so yes إحسان is to excel that you are obedient that when you when they tell you to do something you do it and so on but it's more than that it's also about being ahead of what they ask you to do and actively looking that what would make my mom happy today what would make my dad happy today what would my mom dislike from the things that I'm doing or even if they didn't say because some of the parents maybe they have حياء they're too shy to say to their children that's something they don't like so they maybe keep it quiet maybe they keep it inside of themselves so a person actively thinks what am I doing that I know maybe I feel that my parents wouldn't like and even those things they leave and the word إحسان here in the آية is general it's not there's no particular kind of إحسان specified because this is أم it's a kelly which is أم it's general for every kind of action and that's why Allah didn't specify it He didn't say a kind of إحسان و بالوالدين إحسانا you know for example in what you say in what you do or إحسانا in the way you treat them while this is from the most generic of terms it covers and we said like the word إحسان the word البر these are كلمات جامعة these are words and phrases that are completely general and cover literally every single thing in the spectrum و بالوالدين إحسانا and that's why it was kept general وبيذ القرباء and to your relatives وليتامة و المساكين till the end of the آية look at the system of the organization of the society in Islam what a beautiful system this can only be a system which came from the Lord of the heavens and the earth because there is this the way this is organized و الله this آية on its own is enough for a person to accept Islam if this is the only آية they had because if you سبحان الله how Allah عز وجل organized the society everyone getting their rights first of all the right of Allah our society our مجتمع is built upon the rights of Allah before everything and anyone else then the right of the parents and they're the most deserving of the people of you fulfilling their rights and then the relatives each one of them according to how near they are each one of them according so their brothers the sisters the uncles and the aunts and then outwards to the cousins and then outwards and outwards and looking after the آية و المساكين the orphan who doesn't have perhaps they don't have the orphan is the one that their father passed away before they reached the age of puberty and maybe some of them perhaps their mother even passed away as well and they don't have the the valid to to look after them and take care of them and protect their interests and the مساكين the one who is so poor that they have they've been afflicted by المسكين and their destitute and the الجار القربة the neighbor that is a relative of yours or صاحبي بالجمب and the one that works with you or is next to you in travel or at your workplace or in your school وابن سبيل and the one who is cut off from their their wealth and they might be wealthy but they're traveling and they don't have access to it وَمَا مَلَكَتْ إِمَانُكُمْ even the people who are enslaved سبحان الله look at the way Islam gave rights to all of them each one of them organized in a perfect organization and in a perfect organization each one of them given the rights that they have to be given فأعطي كل ذي حق الحق give everyone who has a right over you their right so a person should be grateful to Allah عز وجل for this religion of الإسلام and they should recognize the perfection and the wisdom حكمة بالغة and infinite wisdom that exists in the next episode we're going to continue on إن شاء الله about the بير الواليدين إن قرآن and إن شاء الله perhaps we can move on a little bit to بير الواليدين in the sunnah of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم that's what Allah made easy for me to mention and Allah knows best صلى الله عليه وسلم على نبينا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه أجمعي السلام عليكم if you're enjoying these videos and you'd like to keep up to date with all of the courses we're going to be running make 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