I wish to join me and welcome to the gallery. He is Exli Hamza Teebeb, the ambassador of the Republic of Indonesia. Thank you. We now move to First Minister's questions. Question number one, Kezia Dugdale. To ask the First Minister what engagement she has planned for the rest of the day. Siding officer, I speak on behalf of the whole chamber when I say that we stand with the international community in our support for the people of Nepal following the devastating earthquake on Saturday. As I announced earlier this week, the Scottish Government will donate £250,000 to the Disaster's Emergency Committee, the Nepal Earthquake Appeal. I would take the opportunity to urge people across Scotland to donate to the appeal if they are able to do so, so that we can all help people in Nepal to rebuild their homes and their lives. Later today, I will have engagements to take forward the Government's programme for Scotland. Thank you, Presiding Officer. Obviously, those benches offer the First Minister the full support for those remarks on that action. Presiding Officer, what normally happens at FMQs is that I ask a question, the First Minister avoids it, and then we go back and forth for 10 minutes. I would like to do things a little differently this week. I had planned to ask the First Minister if she will rule out another referendum, but she will say that it is for the people to decide. Then I had planned to ask her the same question again, but she would just say that there will only be another referendum if there is a material change of circumstances. Can we just cut to the chase and save a lot of time during this busy election period? Can the First Minister simply repeat the exact words that she used on 25 August last year when she said that the referendum was a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity? If the people of Scotland want a referendum to be once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, that is exactly what it will be. This is desperate, last throw of the dice stuff from Scottish Labour. Talk about a party in its death throats. The desperate skirmongering over full fiscal autonomy clearly has not made any impact on the polls. Actually, that is not true. It has made an impact on the polls. The SNP poll rating has gone up, but given that it has not helped Scottish Labour, it is now resorting to desperate skirmongering about a referendum that nobody is proposing. Let me make it very, very clear. For Kezia Dugdale and Scottish Labour's benefit, let me put it in very simple terms. This election, one week today, is not about independence, it is not about a referendum. No matter how many seats the SNP wins and we are working hard to win as many as possible, that is not a mandate for a referendum. What this election is about is making sure that Scotland's voice is heard much more loudly at Westminster than ever before. Having experienced Scottish Labour MPs that go to Westminster and are never heard of again, it is time for Scotland's voice to be heard. I do not know about you, but that was not quite repeating the promise made by the SNP to the people of Scotland. The promise was that the referendum was a once-in-a-lifetime event, that no matter how we voted as a nation, we would get back to dealing with the really important issues, like the fact that the reading levels of kids of all ages in Scotland have declined in the last two years, like the fact that next to no progress has been made to close the gap between those from the poorest and wealthiest backgrounds in our schools. The First Minister has all this power at her disposal, but what is it for if it is not to transform the lives of working-class kids? Again, I know that, if I ask the First Minister about her 2016 manifesto, she will say that she has not started writing it yet, but we know that that is not true, because Nicola Sturgeon's conference speech contained 2016 manifesto promises on the small business bonus scheme on childcare on the national health service. Can the First Minister today rule out a referendum in her 2016 manifesto? For just a fleeting second there, I thought that Kezia Dugdale was going to ask a serious question when she started talking about Scottish education. I might say this, but there is much to celebrate in Scottish education, but the results that were published yesterday are not good enough, and I am determined to improve them. This Government is determined to improve them. On the question of a referendum, I have made the position of the SNP very clear. Ultimately, in the 2016 election, indeed in any election, it is for the Scottish people to decide who to vote for and who not to vote for. The Scottish people are in charge at every single step of the way. I was going to ask Kezia Dugdale what the problem is that Scottish Labour seems to have developed with democracy, but then I looked at the opinion polls and I think I know the problem that Scottish Labour has got with democracy. Perhaps I can offer Kezia Dugdale a little bit of friendly advice over the next six days. Perhaps Scottish Labour might want to look at the polls themselves and desist from the negativity and the scaremongering and instead try to muster if they can possibly find one—a single positive reason—for voting Labour. Kezia Dugdale, Ms Dugdale. Presiding Officer, I look at the polls, I see them all the time. We talk about them all the time in the TV studios. If those polls are realised next week, there will be pink champagne for everyone. Rupert Murdoch will be buying it. Rupert Murdoch will be buying it, Alex Salmond will be pouring it and David Cameron will be drinking it. That is the reality of those. Presiding Officer, the First Minister just said a second ago that no one is proposing a second referendum. That is not true. In the last half an hour, Jim Sillers, the former deputy leader of her party, has said that there is no question that another referendum will be in her manifesto next year and that her party members will demand that it is in the first line of that manifesto. Last night, her candidate in Glasgow East said that we should wait to see the result of next week's election before the SNP decides about another referendum. Her candidate in West Dunbartonshire, in Glasgow North, in Paisley, in Inverness, in Caesnes and in Livingston all see the general election as another step on the march to another referendum. When the SNP candidate in Midlothian said that it was not a no-vote, it was just a not yet, was that respecting the result of the referendum? This, honestly, desperate does not quite cover it. I know that I am in opposition to Labour, but even I find it quite sad watching the demise of a once-out party. The great heroes of the Labour movement must be turning in their graves right now, not a single positive reason for voting Labour, just the same old negativity, scaremongering that they indulged in, arm in arm with the Tories during the last referendum campaign. Let me make it quite clear. I have the greatest respect for Jim Sillers, but the clue is in his title, former deputy leader of the SNP and the current leader of the SNP. Let me say it clearly once again that this election is not about independence, it is not about a referendum, it is about making Scotland's voice heard. Then it is about using that strong voice at Westminster to stand up for progressive politics, to argue for an end to austerity, to argue for protection for our public services, to argue in the kind of investment in our economy that we need to get people into jobs. That is what a vote for the SNP is about next Thursday, and I hope that people across this country seize that opportunity. Presiding Officer, the First Minister asked for one good reason to vote Labour next year. I will give her it. Let us reintroduce the 50p tax rate and use the money that that generates to close the inequality gap in our schools. Just yesterday, new figures were published that showed that working-class kids are getting left behind by the SNP Government. Even now, in 2015, a child's ability to read and write is directly linked to how much their parents are in or where they live. That is a moral outrage. It is a scandal. Yet all the SNP candidates can talk about is another referendum. For any Government— Order. Mr Frisbartrick, enough. For any Government with the right priorities, the three Rs would mean reading, writing and arithmetic. Is not it the case that under the SNP it simply means referendum, referendum, referendum? That is totally and utterly farcical from Scottish Labour. The only people in Scotland right now talking about a second referendum are Scottish Labour. We are a go, Presiding Officer. A party in Scotland launched a billboard poster about a second referendum. Do you know what? It was not the SNP, it was Scottish Labour. That is who are talking about it. I know that Labour's campaign is in dire straits, but I want to not miss the opportunity today to thank Kezia Dugdale for her email on Tuesday. It came from her direct to the First Minister's official email inbox asking me if I would be part of Labour's volunteer effort on election day. I do not want to pile more misery on to Scottish Labour right now, so let me break this gently to Kezia Dugdale. I think I am busy that day. Ruth Davidson to ask the First Minister when she will next meet the Secretary of State for Scotland. First Minister, no current plans. Ruth Davidson, we have just seen the First Minister gloting over the numbers going up in the polls and what concerns me more is a serious question, as she identified, and that is a serious question of the numbers showing literacy standards going down in our schools. On the campaign trail, each party is rightly talking about opportunities for our young people, and the best way to increase opportunity is through a good education. Yet we find yesterday that literacy skills in our schools are getting worse, not better. At P4, at P7, at S2, standards in reading and writing have fallen over the last two years, and the people being failed most are the children from the poorest backgrounds. That has happened entirely on the Scottish Government's watch, and it is a scandal. I know that the Scottish Government yesterday hastily put together a press release filled with action plans and improvement frameworks for this, but does the First Minister really think that that is adequate to tackle what is becoming a crisis in school standards? First Minister, I genuinely thank Ruth Davidson for asking a serious question, because I think that that is a very serious matter. I said in response to Kezia Dugdale just a few moments ago that there is much to celebrate in Scottish education, and I will always make sure that we take the opportunity to do that. However, the results that were published yesterday—and let me make this absolutely and totally blunt—are not good enough. I, as First Minister, am determined that we improve them. We are determined that we improve standards in our schools overall, but also that we close the gap in attainment between young people living in our least deprived areas and those living in our most deprived areas. That is one of the, I think, most sacred responsibilities of any Government and, as First Minister, it is one that I am personally passionate about. I think that Ruth Davidson was slightly unfair when she described the announcements yesterday by the education secretary as hastily drawn up, because she will recall that several weeks ago now—in fact, a couple of months ago now—I announced the establishment of the Scottish attainment challenge, backed by extra funding of £100 million. We are determined, and I am personally determined. I know personally, as many of us do, the value of a good education, and I am determined that my Government meets the responsibility that we have to ensure that every single young person in our schools gets the best education. Ruth Davidson, I hear what the First Minister is saying, but the problem is that I have heard it all before. Last year, the Scottish surveys' numeracy figures were published, and they too showed that numeracy standards were going down. Guess what? The Scottish Government's response was, just like yesterday, to stick out a press release, to promise a new action plan and to hope that the story goes away. They are sticking plaster solutions designed to get through a news cycle, and all the while our classroom standards are declining. Yesterday, the First Minister's press release pledged to study the best international practice. I can tell her what that practice shows. It shows that, if parents and teachers are given more control over their schools, then standards will rise. Casting off the one-size-fits-all, town hall knows best approach and allowing true diversity in the way that we teach our children. I do not doubt the First Minister's intentions, but does she have the resolve to ditch the dogma and the Government by press release and undertake genuine reforms that are needed? A number of things, Ruth Davidson. Firstly, the Government introduced these surveys so that we know what is happening in our schools and we have the information that we need to improve what is happening in our schools. As she knows, we have established the Scottish attainment challenge. We have also established the read-write count campaign. We have also established the raising attainment for all programme, which now covers 23 local authorities and 180 schools across our country. While I agree with the premise of Ruth Davidson's question, I think that she is being unfair to say that this Government has not been taking action to address it. I say this with no defensiveness because the education of our young people is the most important responsibility of a Government. I am determined to make sure that we have the best standards in our schools for all of our children. If there are improvements that are required to be made, we will not seek to make them. As we seek to make those improvements, let me be very clear. No dogma, no ideology, no political considerations will get in the way of us doing what needs to be done on behalf of the children of this country. Thank you, Presiding Officer. The Presiding Officer will know that a number of the workforce of Tillis Russell in her constituency reside in my constituency. Could the First Minister update Parliament on what action the Scottish Government is taking to support what was affected by Tillis Russell's move into administration? I know that the Presiding Officer will be particularly interested in the answer to that question. The announcement by Tillis Russell earlier this week that the company had gone into administration is a devastating blow for Fife, particularly for the employees of that company and our thoughts are with them and their families at this very difficult time. That same day, the Scottish Government announced the establishment of a task force, which will be jointly convened by the Deputy First Minister and the leader of Fife Council. The Deputy First Minister visited the site on Tuesday to meet with managers and staff and to underline the commitment of the Scottish Government to assisting all those affected. That task force will look at all options and all possibilities for finding a buyer, but we do not underestimate the challenges that lie ahead. Every effort will be made by the Government to provide all assistance to those affected. That is a cast iron commitment that I give to the chamber. To ask the First Minister what issues will be discussed at the next meeting of the cabinet. Matters of importance to people of Scotland. Can I first thank her for the efforts that John Swinney and herself are making on Tillis Russell? My wife was made redundant on Monday from Tillis Russell, and I know the workers at the plant are appreciative of the efforts by the Government. Can I turn to the issue of the second referendum? She may think that she has answered the question, but it is quite clear that she could make a statement right here, right now, that in the next term of this Parliament there will not be another referendum. Why can't she just simply say that? I think that I have made this absolutely crystal clear, unless there is some change to the circumstances that prevailed during the last referendum, when the people of Scotland debated and decided this issue, there will be no proposal for another referendum. That is the first point, but the second point is this. It is a fundamental democratic point that I would have thought that the leader of a party with the word Democrat in its name would be able to grasp. If the SNP ever does propose in a manifesto a second referendum, that in and of itself does not bring about a referendum. People in Scotland first have to vote for that manifesto and give the SNP sufficient numbers in this Parliament to get the legislation through. That is democracy. The decision ultimately lies with the people of Scotland. What is this problem with democracy that the other parties appear to have developed? The problem with that answer is that the biggest democratic experience of our life last September was heard quite clearly. The First Minister said that there would not be another referendum for a lifetime. That is the never-endum that we warned about. We saw the consequences of the whole machinery of government being focused on the referendum for the last three years. The NHS and the police bear witness to that problem. In Quebec, we have seen the long period of political uncertainty in Quebec and the economic consequences of that too. That is why people are concerned about this. They are concerned about it on the doorsteps, so she could make it quite clear. She could make it quite clear today. It is very simple. We are not even asking her to rule it out for a lifetime. Just rule it out for the next Parliament. That is what we are asking for. Why can't she do it? Willie Rennie talks about Quebec and never-endums. What he does not tell people is that, in Quebec, there have been, yes, two referendums. They were 15 years apart, and the last one was 20 years ago. That is not really the picture that he paints. If the people of Scotland want a referendum to be ruled out for a generation, a lifetime, 10 lifetimes, that is exactly what will happen because the people of Scotland are in charge. That is the fundamental principle. I do not know how many doors Willie Rennie has knocked in this campaign. I am sure that it is quite a lot. What people are saying to me on the doorsteps in the streets of Scotland is not about another referendum. The concerns that they are raising are about the cuts that his party hand-in-hand with the Tories has imposed over the past five years. What they want in this election is a party that will stand firmly and squarely against austerity. That party is the SNP. Thank you, Presiding Officer. To ask the First Minister what recent communications there have been between the Scottish Government and the Home Office regarding an independent inspector at Dungeval detention centres. The STUC, the Church of Scotland, the Catholic Church, the Muslim Council of Britain and the Scottish Refugee Council have all requested an urgent collective meeting with detainees at Dungeval, which the Home Office has thus far refused. Cabinet Secretary for Social Justice wrote to the Home Secretary about the situation at Dungeval on 26 March and urged her to grant permission for the visit requested, but, as of this morning, we have not yet received a response to the cabinet secretary's letter. I thank the First Minister for her answer. The denial of access by those groups and, indeed, the delayed publication of the report by HM Inspectorate following an inspection February is of great concern, with disturbing reports of hunger strikes, lengthy detentions when no notice of when these will end and transfer at a moment's notice. Those are surely matters of urgency. Does the First Minister consider that denial of access delay has something to do with awkward truth during a general election when convicted criminals in our prisons have the protection of human rights, while people whose only crime is to seek asylum in the UK have next to none? I very much share Christine Grahame's concerns. I think that we can only imagine the desperation of people detained often far from home with no time limit on their detention and no idea of when they might be released. I think that it is important to say that to seek asylum is a right. It is not a crime, and that is why the Scottish Government supports the recommendation of the all-party groups and refugees in migration in their recent report into the use of immigration detention, that there should be a time limit of 28 days on the length of time that anybody can be held in immigration detention, and that the presumption should be in favour of community-based resolutions. It is also why the social justice secretary has urged the home secretary to allow the STUC in the churches that are access to Dengueville to meet detainees and hear their concerns. It is important to say that the fact that we are in the run-up to a general election should not make any difference at all to the exercising of any body's human rights, particularly when we are talking about the human rights of some of the most vulnerable people in the country. To ask the First Minister what level of public expenditure the Scottish Government considers necessary in order to beat austerity. Asterity will end when Westminster stops making cuts, when it stops targeting the most vulnerable in our society, and it stops holding back economic growth for the sake of political dogma. That is exactly what the Scottish National Party proposes in this election. We propose an end to cuts and modest spending increases in each year of the next Parliament that will see the deficit reduce, but also free up at least an additional £148 billion to invest in skills, in infrastructure, in our national health service and in measures to protect the vulnerable and lift people out of poverty. I am sure that the First Minister would like to end austerity although I advise her to dump full fiscal autonomy in that case, but is not her whole strategy based on distorting and misrepresenting Labour's fair plan to end austerity? The Institute of Fiscal Studies has said that we will deliver more spending at the end of the next Parliament than her proposals. Is not she ashamed of the nauseating rubbish that we have heard from her MSPs for months about Labour and Tory spending plans being the same? The slight problem that Malcolm Chisholm has in citing the IFS is that Ed Miliband last week, after the IFS report was published, said that it was wrong. He said that he disagreed with it for three different reasons. He said that it underestimated the scale of the cuts that Labour wanted to make. I have to say that it is not me that has caused the problems, or not just me that has caused the problems, for Scottish Labour's attempts to pretend that they are anti-austerity. It was Ed Miliband and Ed Balls who slapped down Jim Murphy and said that, regardless of what he said, he will not be writing the budget and, yes, there will be cuts under Labour. The choice for people in Scotland is clear. If you want continued austerity, you have a choice of three parties, Labour, the Tories or the Liberals. If you want an end to austerity and spending increases to help the most vulnerable, protect our public services, the only choice is the SNP. The First Minister, aware of the recent study by the Centre of Macroeconomics, which found that two thirds of economists surveyed disagreed that the coalition policies had had a positive effect on the economy. Given that, despite Malcolm Chisholm's protestations, the Labour Party is also wedded to a cuts agenda, the First Minister agreed that what we need is a strong team of SNP MPs who will end the austerity obsession at Westminster. Yes, I do. I agree with that. However respected there might be—we all heard Paul Krugman, a very respected economist yesterday, criticise Labour for being so weak when it comes to austerity. However respected the economists might be, we know from the experience of speaking to our own constituents how damaging the austerity agenda has been. It has pushed children into poverty, undermining our public services and holding back the growth in our economy. We need an end to cuts, we need an alternative to austerity. If people of Scotland want to make sure that they have MPs in the House of Commons arguing for that, they need to vote SNP and send a massive team of SNP MPs to Westminster. Approximately how much additional public expenditure is the Scottish Government calling for in 2015-16? Our own budget, as Gavin Brown will be aware, has gone up, I think, £600 million in this financial year. Over the lifetime of the next Parliament, we have said very clear that our alternative to austerity will free up £140 billion to invest in the NHS to lift people out of poverty and to get growth in our economy. That is the choice people have. If they want continued austerity, they can choose between Labour, their pals in the Tories and their pals in the Liberal Democrats. If they want an end to austerity, they need to vote SNP. To ask the First Minister what the Scottish Government's position is on reports of issues relating to the new single application of the IT system. This is the first year of the new payment system for the more complex common agricultural policy. While the core of the new system is working well with 17,000 farm businesses having registered successfully on it, we are aware that some users have experienced issues in the application process, and indeed other EU countries have experienced similar problems. IT staff are monitoring the system constantly and working hard to fix issues to ensure that the new system works well. The Government's processing team is also happy to support applicants who encounter difficulties, and we have extended the deadline for the submission of single application forms by one month to 15 June to allow for more time to get used to the system and rules of the new CAP programme. In addition, we recognise that online applications do not suit everyone and paper applications are still welcome. I appreciate the First Minister's response, but I genuinely worry about the information that she is being given, because the fact is that this online system has already been cost over £130 million, more than twice its original estimate, and it just isn't working. The Cabinet Secretary has frankly admitted defeat by extending the application deadline by a month. Agents have given up on the system and are now having to photocopy paper application forms because the Government has run out of new ones. Then, just last weekend, we learned that some 200 Government employees working on the new system have been sacked and replaced by inexperienced agency staff, many of whom are on tier 2 visas. This shambles because that is what it is, happening on her cabinet secretary's watch, but it is Scotland's farmers who are going to pay the price. Quite simply, what is she going to do to get a grip on the situation? I do not accept the characterisation of the issues involved there, although I do accept that there are issues, and we are working to address those issues. In terms of the issues around visas, the member should be aware that there has been extensive engagement with the Home Office on that issue. Its investigations have found no evidence of the allegations that have been made. In terms of the wider issues that Alec Ferguson raises, 17,000 farm businesses have registered successfully on the system, but we understand that some users are experiencing issues in the application process. That is not unique to Scotland. Other EU countries, including England and Wales, are experiencing similar problems. We are working to address those issues, and we will continue to do so. I know that the Cabinet Secretary would be very happy to meet Alec Ferguson if he wants to take me up on that offer to sit down and discuss those issues, and to discuss the feedback that he is getting from constituents of his who are determined to resolve those issues. Richard Lochhead is working hard to do so. Can I also welcome the fact that farmers and crofters have been given both extra time to fill in those incredibly complex forms, but to date there is a commitment that the payments will be made on time? I think that everybody in the industry welcomes that, but will the First Minister commit to personally investigate and to ask for a high-level inquiry into why repeated warnings that this was a botch process and was going to fail were not acted upon and that this has led to huge stress and uncertainty amongst our farming and crofting communities and that the costs have more than doubled? That is just for the administration behind the system. Never mind the extra resource that is going to have to go in to make sure that the payment money is going to come out on time. I thank Sarah Boyack for her question and for the way in which she has asked the question. I think that she is right to point to the sensible move that has been made to extend the timescale. She is also absolutely right to point to the fact that the commitment is given that payments will be made on time. If there are particular issues that Sarah Boyack or any member across the chamber wants me and the Cabinet Secretary to look into in more detail, we are very happy to do that. We are determined to resolve and address the issues that are being raised and we will continue to make sure that we take all appropriate action to do so. That ends First Minister's questions. Those who leave the chamber should do so quickly and quietly because we are about to move on to members' business.


Item number, SCP-740. Object Class, Safe. Special Containment Procedures. SCP-740 can be safely stored in its envelope, in a security deposit box. Researchers testing SCP-740 must wear gloves at all times. Description. SCP-740 is a slightly dirty, color-corrected Polaroid photograph, depicting the May 6, 1937 explosion of the airship LZ-129 Hindenburg at Lakehurst Naval Air Station, New Jersey. The Polaroid has been determined to be a photograph taken of the original. SCP-740's anomalous traits manifest when it is viewed while in contact with the skin. The subject touching or holding the photo will hear the sounds of explosions, and people screaming. Subjects report difficulty in taking their eyes off the photograph while under its influence. Subjects holding the object typically report their inability to freely release their grip as being very distressing. Many subjects have undergone emotional breakdowns, as SCP-740's effects progress. After one minute of holding and looking at the photograph, the subject's body temperature will begin to rise, accompanied by a sensation of warmness. The intensity of the warmth, as well as the volume of the auditory hallucinations, will continue to increase so long as the subject looks at the photograph. Breaking eye contact will prevent the sensations from intensifying until eye contact is re-established, and sensation of physical contact will cause the effect to reset to the initial stage, should the object be handled again. The subject will begin to emit smoke after a period of time between 2 and 4 minutes, and burst into flame shortly afterward. Time of combustion is directly correlated to subject's size and weight. This flame will consume upwards of 90% of the subject's body mass, and has proven fatal, in all cases. The fire also consumes SCP-740, which will slowly restore itself to its original condition over the next 5 to 18 hours. See interview log 740-01 for information on recovery. View log 740-01 Interviewed Agent M Interviewer Dr. E Forward Standard interview conducted within 48 hours of SCP procurement. Agent M has been employed by the Foundation for years, and retrieved or secured SCPs in that time, of which the retrieval of SCP-740 was his sixth leading retrieval team. Begin log Interviewer Please state, in your own words, what happened during your recovery assignment. Agent M, I was sent out to recover the skip, the photo, from the home of a Mr. AF. It came to our attention when Mr. F tried unsuccessfully to sell it at auction, and I'd been keeping tabs on it for about three weeks prior. Interviewer What prevented his selling it? Agent M The auctioneer spontaneously combusted. I mean, the official COD was smoke inhalation, but that's what happened. Interviewer I see. Please continue. Agent M Anyway, after Mr. F recovered the photo, he started bringing in a bunch of people to look at it, trying to sell it again. By the time I visited his home, he was all but giving it away. Interviewer And no one took it. Agent M When you hear what happened, you'll understand why. Agent M sighs and pauses for 3.5 seconds. After I got authority to approach for the buy, I took a team out to the retrieval site. They were considered a low-risk retrieval, so they stayed out of sight back down his driveway while I knocked on his front door. We'd arranged the meeting for a quarter to two, and it was March 19. He had a real nice place, huge New England mansion. He welcomed me in, gave me a seat, offered me some brandy, which I declined. He was real old, real thin and wrinkly, but really animated, talked with his hands a lot. Interviewer How did the incident occur? Agent M Sucks in breath. Yeah. Well, he made small talk for like 10 minutes until I asked about the photograph, and then he acted like he'd forgotten that's why I was there. He goes, gets it, brings it back and an envelope and hands it to me. He hesitated though, and gave me this weird look like he was trying to read my mind or something. Anyway, I slid it out, and there it was, a Polaroid of the Hindenburg disaster. First thing I did was ask him how he managed to capture the explosion with a camera made decades after it happened, and he tells me it's a photo of a photo. And then I start hearing it. Interviewer Hearing what? Agent M Explosions Fire People Men, women, children Screaming in pain and terror Agent M pauses for 10 seconds. It was like I was just getting sucked into that photo. I couldn't look away. Then he leans forward and that breaks my concentration, like I'd forgotten I could look up at all. He's giving me that look again, and he says, you hear them too, don't you? I said, yeah. Then he shakes his head like he's disappointed. They're all the same blasted. That's exactly what he said. Interviewer Do you know what he meant by that? Agent M Yeah, he went on about how everyone he ever showed the photo to could hear things. I asked if he did too, and he said no. Then he reaches to take it back. This is when the incident occurred. He says, no son, it's deemed you unworthy. Give it here. And I told him in no strong words I was leaving with it. Even mentioned the briefcase of money I'd brought, but he wasn't having it. He goes, I've watched men burn to death because they weren't worthy. Give it to me now. He lunges at me, knocks over my chair, real strong for an old guy. Pause for 11 seconds. Interviewer, please continue. Agent M I didn't. There was no prior intel the guy was a skip himself, or he'd have been coming back with me too. I'd have followed protocol, called in my team, but with the voices in my head and the photo I couldn't let go of.  I just panicked, okay? I've been doing this for years, but I just freaked the hell out. Drew my weapon fired, what, three times four? Interviewer, the record indicates three shots. Agent M I don't remember. Anyway, I immediately called it in, grabbed the envelope and left the house. I was also feeling really hot, even though it was pretty cold. March in New England and all. Interviewer, is this when the house ignited? Agent M, pause for five seconds.  Once my team shows up and prize my fingers off the skip, the whole thing's in flames. They had to stand way back. I couldn't help standing back. I didn't want to be anywhere near it. Pause for three seconds. Doc, I saw the forensics reports. You know what they said? Interviewer, what did they say? Agent M, they placed the ignition point right where the old coot landed after I shot him. His body put the whole place up in three f***ing minutes. I... Jesus. Interviewer, thank you agent. That will be enough. End log. Closing statement. Agent M was remanded to psychiatric evaluation for three months to treat mental trauma and acute pyrophobia not previously noted in his psychological profile. After amnestics failed to cure the condition, agent was reassigned to a clerical position. Lesson complete. If you missed the previous orientation, go watch SCP-739, a mirrored booth, right now. Or for the complete course, watch this playlist.


Do what others won't.   See you smashing them because you get it down. I'm an introvert and it's kind of weird because you may think, well hey, how do you go up? How do you have this, how do you have this courage? We'll call it courage. How do you have this courage to do all these things right now? How do you have like a high tolerance risk factor like where you'll go do anything? How do you do all that as an introvert? Well, number one, man, like when I was an introvert, like I didn't get very far, okay? I was average at best when I was an introvert. And one day I decided, one day I decided that I didn't wanna be an introvert anymore, okay? I don't like walking by someone and shying away. I don't like looking at you and you having a conversation with me and me not being able to keep eye contact with you. I didn't like that.  Do what others won't.   See you smashing them because you get it down.  That's it and keep your foot on the gas. Look, you're where you are right now because you took a risk you believed in yourself when no one else did and you attacked. You executed even when there wasn't a result. And by the way, a lot of people want results but you gotta fall in love with the journey.  Look, I wasn't a good speaker, I stuttered. So when I started selling cars at 18 years old, I stuttered. When I first went out, this guy's like, did you stutter, you're never gonna be able to sell anything. But guess what happened? I knew that I could slow my brain down, be able to control my freaking mouth and I could be good at speaking if I wanted to. Well, I wanted to. So I practiced it for a freaking year and then I started selling a lot of cars and I did good. Guys, what's up? It's Andy, do me a favor real quick. Whatever you're doing, stop right now. Grab a pen, grab a piece of paper, write down my cell phone number,<PHONE_NUMBER>.<PHONE_NUMBER>. Whatever you're struggling with, whatever you need help with, you wanna go to the next level, you wanna go to the next gear, you wanna make more money, I don't care what it is, you need more leads. Shoot me a text, let me know what I can help you with. Let's get back to the video. When you spoke for the first time, you mentioned stuttering, that was stuttering too.  Well, the biggest deal is, is that, look man, and if anybody's watching this, like you should be taking notes, because that's how I retain stuff, by taking notes, right? So I listen. So there's a quote, you need to write this down if you're listening.  You wanted to get on that stage, right? Yeah. So when the pain got so high, where you wanted to get on that stage, you said, screw it, we're doing it on our own. Screw it. I don't want anybody else's help, we're doing it on our own. Sink or swim, it doesn't matter, we're freaking doing it. And that's it. So those that can handle the highest threshold of pain are capable for the most. You've been through a lot of your life, right? Yeah. So guess what? You use that pain as passion.  I always wanted to teach people in the masses. I always taught my, I took a store from selling 100 a month to 500 a month, affected 100 people's lives. I watch all these people out there in the world affected thousands of lives, right?  You're like, dude, that'd be so cool, man. And I knew there was a guy inside of me that could do that. And one day, like you created the Driven event, which is awesome.  There's a lot of people getting inspired by this that are going to take action because you took action. And we did the same thing. We created a master closer seminar, and it was in 2018. That was our first event. We've done one, in that first event, we had like 20 people show up, right? And then it was a seminar, a closing seminar with me and my wife.  Cause I'm like, dude, what a joker, man. But now we have 1,000 people fly out every single month. We do it every month. We have 1,000 people come out every month. It's booked every month, and we've done it every single month, and we've never skipped. Is that crazy, man? It's crazy. And you know what? The people that come out, or they're balling, they're crying, their lives are changed, they go home, they're better husband, better wives, better parents. They love themselves more, they look in the mirror, they like who they see. You know why? Because we freaking took action. And we're underdogs. So I'm just saying, when I say this to you, those underdogs are dangerous. You know why they're dangerous? Cause they keep the chip on their shoulder. I don't ever take it off. I don't care how much money I have. Our company will make 100 million this year. Screw it, okay?  Most people, when they make money, they get that, I've arrived feeling, I've arrived. I'll smash you. And I love it.  I'm so glad they make it easy on us. Do you have any fears? Hell no. I got one fear going backwards. That's a true fear. But I'm not afraid to go forward. Like my fear of going forward is nothing. I'll do whatever it takes to go forward. The fear would be going backwards.  Honestly, I'll tell you one fear of mine would be to ever go back and be a one-dimensional man. Let me explain this to you, okay? A lot of people only think that they can have one thing in life, right? Like you're married, but you got a business or you're working for a company and you can be successful.  Cause that makes you feel more of a man. Or you take care of your wife.  Or you're good at your job.  You walk in the door. Your wife's been waiting for you all day long. You come in, it's nine o'clock at night. 11 o'clock at night.  She's been waiting on you all day long. You're a good parent. You're good at your job, but you're as a husband.  One-dimensional. You can be spiritually strong. You can be physically strong. You can be great at your job. You can be a bad spouse. And you can be a killer husband or wife or a dad or mom. Dude, I'm about being all day. You got one life. So let's not act like we're gonna live twice. And if you'll not be one-dimensional, I'm telling you, somebody's watching this. You can have that. You know what I want? I want my wife to admire me. I want her every day to look up to me and be like, dude, he's a s***, man. Did he level up again? That's my goal. Well, you made it till the end of the video.  I've already got your next training video lined up and ready to go. Click on it before you do that. Like the video, subscribe. Makes you set your notifications. Every single day I drop out free F-R-E-E, free training videos for you. Click on the next video. And by the way, if you loved it, share it with a friend. Do that for me. Thank you so much. Let's kill it.


Mark yn euرةig y gwaith y dyfodol yma. Beth ydych chi'n gweithio'r awtyddio y bwlwyd yn ei hwn ar ein gweithio'r awtyddor, alech ei ddweuddau'n gwneud am hyn o'r gyffredinol y ddoch chi'w ffrwy. Mae'r awtyddion ar y ddoch chi'n gwneud yn gwneud yn gweithio'r awtyddor. Mae'r awtyddion yw i gweithio ar gyfer, rydych chi'n byw'r bwysig â'r bod ni'n cael bod rwy'n amser. Rydych chi'n gwneud hynny. Mae'r form yn y gallu i gyd. Rwy'n gilydd i gyd, a'r rhai amser wedi'u gyd wedi'i gwneud y dyfodol iawn. A oeddwn i gyd y bywyd yn y bywyd. Felly, mae'n gwybod i'n gwneud yn fwy o'r rhaid i'r ffordd ymlaenol, mae'n gyrfa'n gwrthwynt oherwydd. Felly, mae'n gwybod i'r ffordd o'i hyd o'r cyfrifiadau. Mae'r cyfrifiadau sydd wedi'u gyd. Felly, mae'n gyd yn gwybod i'r gilydd. Felly, ydych chi'n meddwl i'r golygau oherwydd? Mae'n hayd, mewn cerfodd o wneud, mae'n sèl yn gweithio chi, mae hwn yn y casnwyr. Mae'n nél yn cyfeithio ar gyfer y awdwy. Mae'n hyn, a上面 ymddangos gyda, dwy'n cael ei gwybod, yn y rate'r iawn a'n ddefnyddio'n cael ei ei gwybod, mae'n gweithio'n et bod yn gwneud yn rhan drwy'r mwy, ac mae'n gweithio'n cael ei wneud i gyfarwyddiaeth. Mae'n gweithio i'r rhan gwybodaeth a'r rwy'n gweithio'n gweithio. Felly, smithio'n gwneud ymlaen. Rwy'n gwneud swyddfa erbyn meddwl. Rwy'n gwneud am y cyfrannu pellfyn ohonyn ag y byddw i ac yn eu cyfrannu. Byddwn i'n mightgrifat, responded i'r amser yn las. Frydw i'n gofyn o gyflym eich Mapeol. Beth y cadw i'r hoffa i'r awtfag, a'r hoffa i'r swyddfa yn cael os yn truntwyr a'r bwysig i erbyn... Rwy'n gwybod i'r hoffa i'r hoffa i'r hoffa i'r hoffa i'r hoffa. Hylwch chi'n gŻiwch beth ychydig i ni'r amgueddfa? Felly wedi wneud y pwg, mae gennym eu mhobl yma ar ôl yn y gweithio. Mae'n gweithio'n gweithio. Felly drwy'n gweithio'r haml iawn, mae'n edrych yn ei gweithio i gael ar gyfer i fynd i'r amser yn ymddangos. Mae'n gweithio'ch gweithio'r haml iawn. Mae'n gweithio'r haml iawn a mae'n gweithio'r amser, a mae'n gweithio'r haml iawn. Mae cyrraeth llwyddyn ni'n gael gyddiannau dros attainfer ha knees amodun i meddwl bod fofon o ein fan. Fy Mannau – Yn defnyddioART, g input, dweud wnaeth gwych grief yn gweld. Mae eisiau mor blannu i ffrind yn rhesym obras oahu neid y pwydymiad ynENCEach. Mae'r wleidydd iddyn psychum eich drewl ar yn ei gниdd Aberflygu – mae'r b 1800 café arall, ac roedd yn cael ei grund i dda, .... ac ydyn ni'n fan i ar drawsol'r ystafell. Maen nhw'n gweithio'r gael, mae'n swingser cylleg o'r gweithio yma'n edrych. Mae'n wneud fod o gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio, mae gweithio'r gweithio'r gweithio, ond mae'n mynd yn llwythias.  Ond oes, rhai'n mynd i'n ddechrau, mae'n ddigonio i ddweud, ond yn y ffordd o'r latr, mae'n ddweud, ymdegol yn gweithio'r ddweud yn ymdegol, ac mae'n ddweud i'n ddweud yn ymddegol i'r ddweud, ac mae'n ddweud. Mae'n ei ddweud i'r ddweud, ac mae'n ddweud i'r ddweud i'r latr. Fy oedd yn fwy o'r cyfnod ymwineisio'r cyffredinol sydd wedi'u gweld gwlad yn y gweithio a'r hyffordd yn ymddangos. Felly mae'r ddiwedd yn ymddangos y fath o unrhyw arall yn ystyried. A yn ddiferio'r pwyllfa yma'r gael y cyfnod o'r gael yn ymddangos. Is that something that you've highlighted as a manager? Meddwl fel y gweithio mae'n mynd i'w braiddio mor yn cael ei gweithio'n mynd arall i'ch bydd o'n mynd yn bachio'n gweithio'n colli. Mae'n geitio'n componeddau sydd ymgrif وہnol ychydig i ddwyaf wedi cael eu bod defnyddio'n ddweud ar gael ei gennym. Diolch yn gallu eu cael eu gennym. Maen nhw'n golygu i ddim yn ysgrifennu, a fewn i'n ddod y dyfodol o wahanol i gyd yn chi amddangos. Mae'n gweilladau i safbwyl yn y dyne, ond rydyn ni'n rhoi eu bod yn eu tyffaniaid. Rydyn ni'n mynd i'n mynd i gyd yn yryfan feme гynnyddiad. Rwy'n fawr iawn i ddim yn ei gael ei ddweud, a gennych'r gweithio i Gymru yma. If we go to the good or to the good at home then it's very difficult for opposition teams to really come back at us because we know we can control games from that position. What do you think that comes down to? Typically to say, we've had good moments. I mean, we had a great chance. There should have been a penalty in the same incident. That's blocked with his arms to come back. Ball's gone in the box. We've had a shot. It's been blocked by the guy's hands. It comes to Stubbsy as a great shot. The keeper makes a good save. That goes in. Then I think we're flying at that point. You need a little bit of luck. They got the luck obviously to get the equaliser. We didn't have the luck to get the second goal. I just feel if we keep on getting in the right areas, keep on doing or trying to do the right things at the right times, then we'll have enough of an opportunity to take games away from teams. We've done that, but not to the extent that maybe we felt we could have on some circumstances. A question that we get a lot from fans and certainly during the Newport game was the squad depth that you have at your disposal. Yes, there are some injuries at the moment. One question was the lack of change in the starting 11. You obviously went with this unchanged team again. What would your answer be to fans that made you seem more retarded? I would say probably it's because of the run we're on. I think we've lost one in 11. By virtue of that, that tells you why we don't change a great deal. I changed throughout the game. I changed shape. I don't necessarily change personnel every time I can move people around. I'm conscious of the fact that it's been a heavy workload. The way I've approached it is that we start with a similar team, but we don't finish with a similar team. So we do freshen her up towards the end of games. It took good effect, I would suggest, certainly against Colchester-Layton. We'll continue to do that. There will be times when I think maybe somebody needs to go out of the team to maybe have an impact themselves coming off the bench and allow them to have that benefit of a bigger period of rest. At the moment, I just don't see market dips in energy. We're hitting, at the moment, the last five or six games we've hit, the highest levels we've had, energy-wise. So it's not equating to dips in energy. That's why we keep on going because we think they can maintain it. Once I see a trend where we can't hit the levels then clearly that's the sign that you need to change the standard at the moment. I think it will be fine. Do you have to be at all mindful about, obviously Tuesday is going to be a huge game with Carl Ahl? Yes, certainly Tuesday is difficult. It is difficult. So I think we've gone into those games before and maybe kept guys on the pitch for longer periods. But mindful coming to Tuesday again that I'm going to have to make changes certainly earlier. So that's how we've approached it. It's done reasonably well for us at the moment. So, as I've already said, if I fail, I see these guys every single day in training and I can get a steer on whether or not they're flagging or they need to be taken out of the fray because they're a little bit compromised in terms of their energy level. But I'm not seeing that at the moment. They're blasting away in training. Games are good energy levels. The amount of distance we're hitting and the high speed runs we're hitting is this big at this time of the year than it has ever been. So we're in a good place in terms of fitness, albeit we've got guys missing so it doesn't give me that much scope or leeway to change things radically. So that's a factor as well. Trust me, I've got my finger on it. I'm looking at it all the time and I'm conscious of the fact that if I fail, we need to change because people are flagging. That's what I'll do. On that point then, just in terms of who you do have available, how are the ones progressing that have been out of action of late? Yeah, it's Jerry Neverson, my dad, who obviously were injured around the same time, similar injuries actually and they're still not quite right. I think with the nature of the injuries that they have, it's one of those injuries that resolves quite quickly you feel initially and you think oh yeah it feels a lot better. It's that 2-3% right at the end that doesn't resolve as quickly and that's the frustration of it so you can very quickly go from feeling that you've got no chance to thinking oh I'm really close and then it's just that last percentage point that just holds you back and make the time of your return a little bit longer than you hoped it would be. So we've got to be a little bit patient with wreck-fairme injuries and injuries in the thigh areas. No tourist for just, you've got to be a little bit careful with them because you can re-injure at the same area so we've just been mindful of that at the moment. Manny is a little bit sore on his injury, you've got a bang on it on the brake and obviously there will always be concern about that unless he's comfortable and he tells us that he's comfortable to train then it will take him out of the frame to himself now. So out for at least the next 2 for all those? Yeah Manny would be and probably Thierry and Manny I would imagine. Hopefully there may be a possibility Tuesday but feeling that certainly at the weekend. And Verdane as well? Verdane sorry, he's trained today, we're hoping he doesn't get a reaction, he hasn't had a lot of time on the grass as soon as you can see what with the weather and his injury and circumstances being on in 3G and that's compromised his recovery. But on the grass today, no reaction hopefully tomorrow and then we'll make a decision but I'm mindful that he hasn't had a lot of time on the grass at the moment. Obviously in the Newport game Andy brought up 20 league goals this season, incredible season that he's having, 20 of the 43 that you've scored in the league this season which I think for them that's about 46% of the goals that you've scored. Are you pleased with that staff or does that outline a need for more players in the squad to step up with some goals? I'd like more clearly because I think the fear was that Andy wouldn't continue to score but I think that's not something we have to worry about at this stage because he looks like he's going to score every game he plays. Yeah, we need just going back to the point we made before about getting the second and third goal. We need other guys to chip in and we haven't scored enough from other people at set players and they've scored quite a few from set players, corners, free kicks going in the box but not too many others have. We probably haven't actually placed a demand on guys to say if you're going up there with a view to getting on the end of corners or free kicks, let's try and make something happen because there's a big outlet for us and there's some we talk about a lot. In general play we've got guys, obviously Jamie's always a threat and in recent weeks I think the number of shots he's getting off on strikes and goal is rising so that's good. I think Sony married time before he starts to contribute again. There were likes of obviously banks he came out to good effect. He will always be a good goal threat and Sony married time before data. He sets off on the goal scoring streak because his general play is good and he deserves to have the benefit of not being good if he can do it this weekend in front of home fans. His form is good and he's affecting games. He's learning very quickly and hopefully he'll be this weekend. When you're setting your team up and we talk about being mindful of the energy loads of the players but is that also something that you consider about trying to get more goals within the team from other players other than Andy? Do you have to think about the formation that you go with and you've got so many second players in this squad as well trying to fit them in? Yeah, like I said, I'm not, I mean you establish some formation but I'm not wedded to it. I'm solely considering one way of playing or one formation. I've changed within the games anyway, so I'm not rigid in terms of my mindset in terms of no we're doggedly going to go this way and no other way. That's not, you've seen every game we've played and you know that's not the case. So we're looking at things and if something isn't working, if the way we start isn't working then I'll tweak it and go somewhere different with it. I've got good options more often than not, so to be able to change things around and still keep the level high but just give the opposition different problems. Sometimes you have to do that because if you're having a problem or you're getting hurt in certain areas or in certain ways then you've got to address that. Ideally you do before it impacts too readily on you and you don't concede in that period. I try and pre-empt things if I feel opposition teams again momentum then I'll try and address it before the roof caves in as we say. The old prayer I asked you about a couple of weeks ago, does he have a future this season with the club? Going by how he's training and what he's doing on a day-to-day basis, yes he's been very close to being involved again. It's been difficult for him, just guy's got ahead of him and he's found it difficult just to get ahead, back ahead of them. But he's trained really well, he's travelled to most away games, he's in and around the squad, he's very very close. His current situation has been really good, he's trained correctly, that's all you ask. I can't play everybody every week, it's not an option to me but you've just got to be ready when called on because football changes very quickly, you've got to be ready to go and I'd have no worries putting day on in my noise qualities and if he did come in he'd hopefully have an impact. Just finally, the way that things ended in the Colchester game and the great scenes that we saw there, can that be a real benefit to going into these next two home games? I think you spoke about it feeling like a turning point of some sort because of the home form of Lane. Well, everybody was in the stadium, absolutely loved the emotion on show and loads of people have come and said that's the best atmosphere that they've seen of Alleybury for many many years and we take comfort from that and credit for all that. We had fantastic supports and everybody was with us, we kept on pushing and in the end we got the reward and that's why there was such a reaction at the end, we just got to go again. If we show intense, show resilient, show real, drive and purpose in our play then we know our fans stick with us and that's what they did against Colchester, we're going to need them now, it's going to be two difficult home games and everybody's going to be on site and really pushing to get where we want to get to and if we have the level of support that we had the other week then it would be very difficult for teams to beat us. I ask that question because I know at the start of the season how you really wanted to make Valley Parade a fortress, that cauldron-like atmosphere, when it's with you it can be really impactful, can't it? Yeah, we've experienced it, we know what it's like, we've got to make sure in all the home games that we've got left that we can recreate that, if we do then it will be very difficult for a way it seems to beat us.


Jason Statham joins Honey, the beekeeper's wife, a bee movie, Akilah and the bee as part of the beekeeping cinematic universe with the beekeeper. I know 2024 is just getting underway, but this might already be the dumbest movie of the year. If you're not sick of the one-man army shtick, Jason Statham's got you covered with enough knife-throwing, punching to the throat, all-out action.  This film has so many puns, Jerry Seinfeld would look at it and go, that was maybe a bit much. I'll have a full review of the beekeeper on my channel at Adam Does Movies, so go ahead and subscribe to hear that.


Thanks for checking out this movie review video. This is for the 2019 film that did really well in the festival circuit a scare package Which is a comedy horror film and it's a shutter original It's on shutter at the moment when I'm recording this and putting this review out It is streaming on shutter So if you have shutter you can check it out there and I do recommend it since this just hit shutter I'm sorry. I'm not going to be doing spoilers in this and What I am gonna be doing is giving it a few ratings I'm gonna write rate each individual short because it's a bunch of short films put together as one with one wrap around and I'll give one individual rating for each one of the shorts And then I'll give one overall for the whole film But I do recommend it up front especially if you're a real horror nerd Because there are a lot of jokes in it and a lot of you know Just small things kind of added in there as well That speak directly to the horror nerd people who really need to be deep into the genre to kind of get certain things So for that reason, I actually don't know if this horror comedy would be that funny or entertaining for people who aren't You know relatively deep into the horror community. So I don't know but I enjoyed it. So The directing is consistent in this that's one thing I wanted to say overall Is that the directing that's done in it is quite good in my opinion? And I don't think there were anywhere I was watching it and being like ooh the directing is not so hot in this So very solid technically with this film The other thing is for the most part the music used throughout is really well done and the editing is good now I do think the film could have been edited down a little bit because it's an hour I think with credits like an hour and 47 minutes or something like that So for a horror comedy to be that long, it's a little long and it does feel a little bit long at times But I'm not really gonna complain about it because it's good. I enjoy it there are a few Particular shorts that I wasn't that fond of and I'll end up telling you why without spoilers, but And I think they could have kind of left those out to cut the runtime down But you know it is what it is and I'm just happy to get another horror comedy because there aren't that many out There and they're not easy to execute, which is why I'm excited that this one's good All right, so the first one which was the beginning and that's the order I'm going in all the shorts the first one and then it goes on the first one is called cold open now This one was written and directed by Emily Haggins. I Wrote down it was a pretty original idea. I really like that. It's kind of outside of the box It's very meta as far as horror and film goes Uses a lot of horror trap, you know typical horror trappings to kind of Sell the story and it does have good comedy to it Some of the acting in it is a little bit rough But they they hit the acting where it matters the most which is the lead in The story that person does a really good job with the acting and they bring a real fun Feeling to the delivery of the lines and the way they play that character out So that's what really sells it in my opinion that in the actual writing of it There's some really funny over-the-top gore in this one that I really enjoy I always appreciate over-the-top gore that is comedic over-the-top gore and this one actually has that So yeah, so I give that short open cold open an overall of three and a half stars out of five I quite enjoyed that one The next one is the one that's actually overarching like that's the one that kind of brings everything together And you see it numerous times in between a bunch of the Short films and then it finishes at the end in a much longer segment than I thought it was gonna have so overall It's actually relatively long and that one's rad chads horror Emporium and then it goes into horror hypothesis Now this one was Directed by Aaron B. Koontz and it was written by it was directed by Aaron B. Koontz and written by I think Koontz But also Cameron Burns. I think it was a Mainly Cameron Burns who was the writer for it So this one actually has some of the best comedic moments in it for the entire film and I really enjoy that And it I love the fact that it kind of serves to bring everything together And I think it does a good job of bringing everything together holding it all together it's all about the setting and the setting plays very very heavily to Well, I mean the film in general, but this particular short the setting of it plays to the Horror nerds who grew up in the times of renting horror movies from places like Blockbuster and you know Family video stores and stuff like that Specifically this focuses on VHS tapes, but you get that same feel if you hit it during the times of you know Renting DVDs so it plays off a lot of that nostalgia and it actually I mean in general It plays off a lot of kind of horror tropes from the 80s mainly And you kind of get that with you know all the 80s feel they have to it the outfits the music in particular music is very 80s Which may be part of the reason I like it so much This one goes the Rad Shad's one goes way further and way way deeper than you're expecting it to it seems very On the surface with some you know kind of deep jokes But it doesn't feel like it's gonna get deep story wise, but it does and that's like That's one of the coolest things about this now That doesn't really spoil anything because you have no idea what that really means and it gets fun It gets interesting and it has a lot to say and I think it's quite well written There's a joke at the almost very end of this That had me laughing out loud pretty hard now I've actually watched this twice now because I watch it when Joe Bob Briggs premiered it And then I just watched it today again And I laughed really really hard the first time I saw that joke and the second time I watched it I still laughed which which is you know pretty impressive because I Takes a lot to get me to laugh now It's it's a joke that you kind of either have to be a pretty considerable horror nerd to get it Or you need to just remember one particular film that needs to stick out in your head It was good. It was a good joke. I really enjoyed it and I felt like I was enjoying it and then once that joke happened it bump my enjoyment even further up It was it was nice. So overall I give the rad Chad's one a four out of five stars. It's quite well done I enjoyed that Then the next one, which is actually my favorite of all of them one time in the woods This one was written and directed by Chris McEnroy. This one is Really tight really well done. The writing is good the acting is a little yeah, but the directing is good writing is good Cinematography is good practical effects are really good. This actually has the best practical effects in the entire thing and Some really good over-the-top funny gore like I was just saying I really enjoy and it's an Interesting mash-up story-wise of a few different sub-genres and it just it works really well And this had a lot of the best jokes coming through as well And it was just like joke joke joke joke like funny funny funny like it just kept hitting with the funny It was the quintessential what you want horror comedy to be for the most part So that was my favorite short of all it really came together and for that reason I'm giving that four and a half out of five stars. It's quite good Then there was the one mister, which is actually my least favorite of all of them now. This one was Directed by Noah Segan who also stars in it and he also did some of the writing on it and Frank Garcia Hegel also did writing on that This plays at the idea of kind of like toxic masculinity and it uses a metaphor for it Which I thought the idea was good and the metaphor was a good start But the problem is that I feel like the script wasn't that fleshed out all that great. It's a good idea There's a good idea, but the execution of it isn't so great And I'm not talking about execution from the technical standpoint of when they shot it or the acting really I'm talking from the standpoint of the writing the script just wasn't there and it's not funny That's the other thing there are a few things that are you know, maybe a little bit funny But it did a lot of the jokes just didn't land it just and it felt like it didn't really go anywhere that mattered and I don't know. It also felt way too short I think they really needed to kind of expand the time on that to really flesh out the story more make it more interesting and Make it funnier. So I gave it one and a half out of five stars. I didn't enjoy that one Then another one that I didn't like a ton, but there was an aspect of it I really did this one's called girls night out of body now This was directed by Courtney and a jar and Hilary and a jar and written by Ben Fee Overall I thought okay, so the biggest problem for me was story wise. There's not much of a story there It seems very confused It seems to not have a focus of what it actually wants to do or how it wants to do it It felt feels like also it's trying to do a little bit too much at certain times with a very small amount of time They should have focused a little bit more taking some more passes at the script to really, you know Make it one good thing. The other thing is it's not funny at all. There's no comedy to it at all So it doesn't really feel like it fits with all the other stories But for the good things that I'll say oh the other thing is there's a really odd There are a few odd moments where it's like weirdly blurry The visuals are blurry and maybe that's intentional, but it doesn't look intentional. It just looks bad. So I Didn't like that aspect of it, but the positives So I was gonna give this one and a half stars But the positives that I'm about to talk about has had me bump it up The use of lighting and colors in this actually look really good and it's extremely stylish the way it was shot Of all the shorts it looks the best direct directing and cinematography wise It's very stylish. It has a very cool sleek look and feel to it and they do some cool things with the camera Good directing very good directing. I would like to see Courtney and Jarr and Hilary and Jarr do Something else direct something else. Maybe they can write their own thing. I don't know but their directing is really good And this I think that one also had the best music of all of them, too So there's some positives So overall I give it two stars because that's script not having a good script brings it way way way down It just kind of feels like after you watch it, you're like, okay The next one is the night he came back again part for the final kill Which I think is a funny title. This one is directed by Anthony Cousins and written by John Karsko This is another kind of zany over-the-top one of the shorts I like the fact that once again it kind of has some gore that's done over the top so that it's funny It goes full throttle with the gore and the violence. It is not backing down. It's just going for it And I appreciate that about it It is it isn't over-the-top to a point where you don't like it though because some of the stuff gets done You know with horror comedies you can go too far over the top where people just like that's not actually very funny It went over the top just enough and in the right way to appeal to people And it actually plays very hard at one particular thing about slasher films that they all have in common with Well, I'm not gonna say anything about that The acting at times is a little So that kind of detracts from it, but overall I like the story I like the way it was executed and I'm giving it a three-star rating So I enjoyed it and then the last one is so much to do now This one was written and directed by Baron Vaughn And the interesting thing I thought is it speaks to a societal obsession in a very hyperbolic way now I like it at first, but then the way it finishes I felt like it stepped over that line of ridiculousness and it got slap-sticky and it was kind of I just it it um I think if they would have finished it a different way it would have gone a lot better for me I the setup is really good and actually looks really good the directing on this one is nice The acting is really good too. It's some of the best acting in the entire thing. So I really enjoyed that It's a good premise. It's a good societal commentary It's just it didn't come together as you would want in the end The ending actually felt kind of over-the-top slap-sticky kind of dumb Had they just kind of worked on that ending a little bit more it could have been a lot better But I enjoyed it enough. I will say so I'm giving that one two stars out of five So that was it for for the actual individual shorts The it had a really fun ending To this in particular and really great music to match that fun cool ending There's a lot of smart stuff going on in this film Like I said, it really hits a lot of notes for for people who are deep into the horror community Like real horror nerds. So this it endears itself to people like myself and a lot of you watching I'm sure who Yeah, just getting nerdy about horror and you know a lot about you know, the typical happenings in horror films, especially for the 80s now I enjoyed this and like I said, I just love that it's another Horror comedy because we don't get a ton of them and when we do get some they're just not very good so for it to be well done and You know, it's another horror comedy. That's great. So I say bravo for this one. Good job. And I'm going to give it overall Four out of five stars. I'm I'm happy with it and I would love to see a scare package too because that's one of the things you could keep going with something like this and they could even keep some of the same idea that they had for the wraparound story And just do that same type of thing And then just put in, you know, new directors new writers. Just keep it going You know, you could go up to scare package 10 if you want to you could have a whole franchise of scare package, which I would be All in for but awesome. So thanks everyone for checking this out real quick though. Put some comments down here We will make the comments spoilers. So go ahead if you don't want spoilers at the moment Don't comment at the moment unless you just want to go down comment without reading anything. That's fine So let's talk about these down there. But do me a quick favor hit that subscribe if you like any videos I do Because that's your best way to repay me Literally takes a second and it's totally painless and I appreciate it a lot If you're already subscribed, though, make sure you hit that like button. Just let me know I'm still You're still enjoying my stuff and also if you are going to subscribe or if you've already subscribed Make sure you hit the notification bell. So, you know, whenever a new video comes out or when I'm doing the live stream So thanks for checking checking this out and taking your time to watch it. I appreciate that and until next time keep it brutal


A super common task in analyzing data is to measure summary statistics for different groups of items. We might want to know the average age for Republicans versus Democrats. Perhaps we want to know whether men have higher salaries than women. Maybe we want to determine how salaries vary by level of education. Each of these questions requires us to take a set of data, subset the data by a group, and then calculate a value for each group. So how do we do this in R? One approach might be to extract the data corresponding to Republicans from the data set and then calculate the average age. We can then repeat for the Democrats. Let's say there was a third party we were interested in. Well, we would repeat the process, but for the third party. But what if there's a fourth party? A fifth? Well, that would get tedious very quickly. There's an alternative approach available to us using the de-plier package, which is also part of the tidyverse. The de-plier approach is super powerful. We can use the group by function to group our data by a categorical variable like political party. We can then use the summarize function to calculate summary statistics for each value of the categorical variable. This approach is super adaptable to any changes in the data. I don't need to know all of the political parties to carry out this process, which is part of what makes it so powerful. Furthermore, we can apply this general approach to a wide array of questions.  A lot of the work in a data analysis pipeline is getting data into a format that allows us to answer our questions. You might recall that bacterial genomes tend to have more than one copy of the 16S RNA gene. So this raises a few questions. First, how many copies of the gene do bacterial genomes typically have? Second, if there's multiple copies of the gene in a genome, are they identical to each other or are there differences? Finally, if we find a sequence in one genome, how often might we find it in another genome? These questions are important to the ongoing discussion in microbial ecology because there's a push to using distinct sequences or Amplicon sequence variants, also called ASVs, as surrogates for bacterial taxa rather than using clusters of related sequences. Let's think about the data as we currently have it in our data frame. We have a column that contains an identifier for each 16S RNA gene sequence that is for the ASV that was found in the RRNDB. We have a second column that contains an identifier for each genome in that database. Finally, we have a column that indicates the number of times each ASV was found in each genome. But how does this relate back to the examples I started with at the beginning of this episode? How is this similar to grouping people by political party? Well, if I grouped the data by genome, I could count the number of 16S genes in each genome. I could also count the number of ASVs in each genome. Alternatively, if I grouped the data by ASV, I could count the number of genomes where each ASV was found. We're really going to leverage this approach in future episodes. Today I'll be talking about using full-length sequences, but I could also use a subregion of the gene and see how these counts change and I might even do that for the V4 region in this episode. But instead of looking at the genome level, I could also look at the species, genus, or any higher taxonomic level as well. But we'll look at how those counts vary by taxonomic level in a future episode. For today's episode, we'll use the group by and summarize functions and a few other helper functions to do an exploratory data analysis of the sensitivity and specificity of ASVs to each genome. Even if you're only watching this video to learn more about R and don't have a clue what a 16S RNA gene is, I'm sure you'll get a lot out of today's episode. Please take the time to follow along on your computer. If you haven't been following along but would like to, welcome. Please check out the blog post that accompanies this video where you'll find instructions on catching up, reference notes, and links to supplemental material. The link to the blog post for today's video is below in the notes. Excellent, so by now we should be old pros at getting into our project directory. Again, we've got the alias RRN that moves us there. And we see that we're on the master branch. It's green. All systems are good. So today's work is going to be largely exploratory. So I'm not going to create an issue, but something I want to remind you is that we have a directory in our project route called exploratory. And if we look in exploratory, we'll see that all that's there is a readme file that's also blank. And so that readme file is there so that we can kind of keep this under version control if we choose to commit anything. I'm going to go ahead and open up the Schloss RRN analysis, our project file. This will then launch our studio for us as we saw in the last episode. Great, this brings us into our R session. I'm going to create a new R script. And I'm going to save this as, let me expand that because I want to save this, not in code, but I'm going to put it into exploratory. And I'm going to save it as 202009-09. So I'm going to post this on the 10th. But for me today, it's the ninth. And I will do 0909.R. And so I'll save this as a R script with today's date. I probably should give it something a little bit more descriptive than just the date. Maybe what I'll put here is something like genome sends spec. So genome sensitivity specificity.R. And go ahead and save that there. I'm going to start this with a library tidyverse and go ahead and load the tidyverse. So we've got that in good shape. What I'm going to work with is that count underscore tibble file that we had from the last episode. So I'll call that FL for full length data. And we'll do read underscore TSV. And that was in data v19 forward slash. Where did I call that? Yeah, RNDB, count underscore tibble. And so if we run that, we see that this loaded very well. I could in my read TSV go ahead and specify that ASV is a call character, genome is a call character, and count is call double. But again, for this type of kind of rough exploratory analysis, I'm not going to worry too much about that. These aren't warning messages, but I like to be explicit with read TSV and telling it what these different things represent. So again, if we look at FL, our data frame, we see that our first column is called ASV. And so this is an identifier for each unique 16S sequence that was found in the RRNDB database, that database of all of the 16S copies in all of the genomes that have been sequenced. We have a column for the genome identifier, the accession number for the genome. And then we have a count for the number of times each ASV was found in each genome. Now, what we're going to do is if we do FL, we can use the pipe character, which we saw in the last episode. And we've seen in other episodes, if you've been a loyal watcher way back to the original episodes of Code Club, you've seen me use this pipe. And really what this is doing is it's directing the flow of data through my pipeline. So what I'm going to start by doing is let's group our data by the genome because what I'd like to find out is how many copies of the 16S RNA gene occur in each genome. And what we can do is we can do group by and we'll group by genome. Now, if I run these two lines, the output that I get is basically the same as I had up above. And so if you notice, there's a subtle difference and that's that there's this line now groups colon genome and it tells us that there's 15,389 genomes in our analysis. But otherwise, nothing has changed, right? Now, what I'd like to do is for each genome, I would then like to do summarize. So we're going to group by and then summarize. And I will then say n underscore rrns, maybe just nrn, so the number of rrn, that's the operon that the 16S gene is in. And we'll say that is equal to the sum of count, right? And so you can see here that I've got the first nine rows in my data frame all come from the same genome and that we've got these different ASVs and so it's got nine ASVs and they're all different, right? So this is kind of like a worst case scenario, if you will, for ASVs. And so if we wanted to add these together, we would use sum, the sum function, which takes a vector of numbers, a series of numbers, and adds them together. And so we'll go ahead and run that. And again, what we find is that initial genome name we had had nine copies. And we see that sum have one, six, four, five, seven, 12, right? And so we see a wide variety of numbers of copies in there. We could also say pipe this into ggplot. So ggplot and we could then say aes and on the x-axis I'm going to put nrrn and I'm going to use geohmhistogram and this will then make a histogram for me that you can see in the bottom right corner here. And that looks a little bit messy. So maybe what I'll do instead would be say binwidth equals one. And maybe we get, we kind of get like a bimodal distribution, don't we, that we kind of have a peak at about four and then we also have a peak at about seven or eight and there's one that's way out here at 21. So we see that most of the genomes actually have more than one copy of the 16S RNA gene in them. And we'll talk more about ggplot in future episodes, but I just wanted to give a quick illustration of what that distribution looks like. Okay, so that was the first question we had, right? Which was how many rn copies are in each genome? So something that I'm seeing in my output here is that summarize is ungrouping the output and so we can override this with the dot groups argument. So if we do question mark summarize, and you can write summarize with a s or with z, I believe the s is the New Zealand or the UK spelling, that if we look at the groups argument, we see that this is an experimental part of the life cycle and that what we can do is drop. So if we say groups equals drop, then we will remove all levels of grouping. And what we can do is up here in our summarize line we could do dot groups equals quote drop. And if we run that, we see that that information message is removed. Now what we might like to do is to know what fraction of genomes only have one copy. Well, we can repeat these first three lines here and we can actually group by the number of copies. So we can group by the number of copies and we can then say summarize and we could then say n genomes equals and we can use the n function and that's going to count the number of genomes that have each number of copy. And so what you'll see here then in this output is that there were 1566 genomes that only had one copy, 1740 that had two and so forth, right? So I think the most common is 2,671 with seven copies and if I was a betting man, I bet that there's a lot of E. coli genomes in the database and E. coli has I think about seven copies in its genome. Now we could add a little bit of interpretation to this by using a function called mutate which will add a column to our data frame and so we could then say fraction, right? And so we'll create a column called fraction which will be n genomes divided by the sum of n genomes, right? And so these helper functions like sum we can use in many different contexts and so what we're doing is we're creating a column called fraction which is going to be the number of genomes in each class, in each number of RN copies and then dividing that by the total number of genomes and again up here for summarize, I want to do dot groups equals drop to get rid of that message. And what we find is that about 10% of the genomes have only one copy and as we saw before about 17% of the genomes have seven copies of the 16-S RNA gene, okay? So again, this was the initial question we posed. We can think about things in a tabular format like we generated here or as a histogram like we had to the right. So the next question I want to take on is what is the number of ASVs per genome? And again, the workflow is going to be very similar. So we'll do FL and we're going to pipe that to a group by and again I'm going to group by genome and I'm going to use my summarize function to then say NASVs, or NASV and that's going to be equal to the number of rows. So we'll use the N. So sum adds up a column whereas N will return the number of rows and N doesn't take any arguments. And again, if we run this we find that that initial genome that we saw before had nine copies and has nine different ASVs in it. And so we might like to know well that's the number of ASVs but what's also the number of copies? So we might want to know N, R, N and we saw this up above as the sum of count. So we're kind of combining both workflows here and again we'll do dot groups equals drop and what we'll see is all of our genomes in the first column, the number of ASVs in each of those and then the number of total copies of the six-ton S gene in their genome. Maybe what I'd like to do is go another step here similar to what we did with counting the number of copies per genome and I can again do group I, N, AS, N, R, N and I want to know what is the median number of ASVs for that number of six-ton S copies, right? So I can do summarize and I can then say meadNASV and that will be medianNASV and this then again gives me all of the number of R, Ns and then the median number of ASVs so we see that the median number of ASVs if you have three copies in your genome is one if you have seven the median number is five actually for full-length sequences. Perhaps we'd also like to get the quartiles so what we could do would be L, Q, N, ASV so for the lower quartile and we can use the quantile function on NASV and we can say prob equals 0.25 this will give us the 25th percent confidence interval and then we can do the upper quartile on NASVs quantile again, N, ASV, prob equals 0.75 I feel like we kind of did this type of work before when we were talking about weather data in a much earlier episode and so again we can see the interquartile range the median value and so we see that if we have seven copies that 50% of the genomes in our database have between three and six ASVs in them if there are seven copies of the six-ton S RNA gene in it then this is a tabular output what I could do is I can copy these three lines here if I can get my highlighting right and I can pipe this again to ggplot AES and I can say x is the number of RN copies y could be the number of ASVs and I'm going to send this to geomesmooth we talked about using geomesmooth previously and then we were plotting the lamb price data and I can use method equals quote lm and so if we plot this what we get is a straight line, as we might expect between the number of copies and the number of ASVs and that it rises such that at about if you have 15 copies of the six-ton S gene then you're going to have about on average 10 ASVs in your genome that rises at a slope of about two-thirds you might say so again as you have more copies of the six-ton S gene in your genome you're more likely to have more ASVs per genome whether or not this is a good thing we'll revisit as we go through the analysis okay so that was what is the number of ASVs per genome and the final question that I was interested in is how many genomes does each ASV appear in? okay so we've been grouping by genome what we're going to do then is to group by ASV right and so we're going to group by the ASV and what I want to know for each ASV then is how many genomes are represented for each ASV and so I can do summarize and I can then say N genomes and that will then be N because that will tell us for each of our ASVs how many genomes did it appear in and again we see that there's some where an ASV shows up in three different genomes one, two, three so if we want to count the number of times ASVs show up across different genomes we could then pipe that to the count function and we can then count N genomes and this will count the number of times an ASV shows up in three genomes or two or one or seven or however many and we run this and we find that there is in general an ASV is found in one genome right again one genome might have multiple ASVs but if it has that ASV that ASV tends to be unique for that genome and so to get a sense of what percentage or what fraction of all ASVs this is represented by we can come back and again do a mutate to get a fraction and then do N divided by sum of N and again what we find is that 32% of the ASVs are unique to a given genome but again what we found kind of as shown by the plot over here on the right is that a genome as it has more copies of the 6S gene will have more ASVs alright so again this is a kind of a quick exploratory analysis that we have done and I guess what I'm noticing up here is that I can refactor this code a little bit so if I were to run this again you'll recall that this gave us output very similar to what we had before so perhaps instead of group by and summarize what I could then instead do would be to do count N, R, N and this will give us very much the same type of output again so the number of RNs and how many genomes that is and so here I'm going to change N genomes to N right again we get the same output but with a slightly different approach that count is a special case where if you're doing group by and then using summarize with the N function you can replace that with the count function on the column that you would normally be grouping by okay again both approaches work the count is a little bit more concise alright so this is the V, sorry the full length data I hinted that maybe we'll go ahead and try this with the V4 data so how about with the V4 data okay so instead of full length I'll call this V4 and I'm going to replace that V19 with a 4 and read that in and what I'm going to do is I'm going to come back to two of the analyses that we did this first one that I just refactored where we're looking at how many copies of well this isn't going to change right so how many RN copies in a genome that doesn't vary whether it's full length or a subregion but this question of of these two steps sorry my mouse got a little bit silly there I'm going to copy this down and instead of FL we'll do V4 and what this again tells us is as we increase the number of RN copies how many ASVs are we going to have and again if we run this we get a tabular view and if we had seven copies of the 16S gene in a genome then we're very likely to only have one or maybe two copies one or two ASVs in that genome so again the V4 region has a lot less information and isn't going to discriminate across copies of the 16S gene in the same way that like a full length gene would if we plot this we would then expect the slope to be considerably flatter and so what we find is that for 10 copies of the 16S gene that we would expect there to be maybe about one in three quarters one to two one to two different ASVs in the genome and so a subtle difference that we might notice here is that these data in the table are the medians and over here is the mean and we could you know perhaps think about changing this so instead of median maybe we do mean and that we would see then that for seven copies we'd expect about one and a half ASVs per genome which is basically what we see over here right okay so that's looking at the number of ASVs per number of copies in the genome let's go ahead and ask about how many genomes each V4 ASV appears in I suspect that because there's less variation in the V4 region relative to the full length gene that we'll be more likely to see the same ASV in multiple genomes so you'll recall that 82% of the full length ASVs were unique to each given genome let's see what it is for the V4 region so what do you think it's going to be what percentage well what we find is that it actually goes down to about 76% so of those ASVs that we observe 76% of them are unique to a specific genome and we could again think about other variable regions within the 16s gene and something we also might think about is that this again is looking at the specificity of an ASV for a given genome we might then say well at the species level or the genus level or what if we kind of expand the definition what we're talking about here are exact sequence variants but as implemented in a lot of software doing Amplicon sequence variants they actually allow for a little bit of slop in their definition of an Amplicon sequence variant so they might need to entertain one or two nucleotide differences so what I want to tell you is that we are going to get to those questions but this general approach that we are going to summarize will be seen later when we say group by a species or group by a genus and count the number of ASVs or look to see how many species does each ASV appear in so does an ASV appear across multiple species or is it unique to a given species and then again as we expand the definition of what an ASV is to allow some more wiggle room and variation what then also happens to the sensitivity and specificity of those Amplicon sequence variants and again as I mentioned there are some taxa like E. coli that have maybe a thousand genomes represented in this database and so we'll also want to correct for the inflated number of genomes and inflated representation that we see in the database okay so don't forget to like and subscribe the video and to go ahead and click on the bell so you know when the next video drops and to tell your friends about what we're doing here in these Code Club episodes also I would love to hear what you're doing to analyze data using the material that I'm covering in these episodes go ahead and put them in the comments down below if you have questions about what we're doing or have ideas for where we might take the project going forward in the comments as well for now I'm going to go ahead and save this R script and quit out of R Studio and I'll say goodbye and see you on the next episode of Code Club


This is the Military Police Warrant Series video on how to become a law enforcement officer with the Pasco Sheriff's Office if you were a Enforced Service Member who held a Military Police MOS or Military Police Rating. Some of the requirements are you would have to attend a Equipment training Academy. This Academy is about two weeks long. Once you pass that Academy, you would have to pass the State Officer's exam and then you'll be eligible to work as a law enforcement officer in the State of Florida and apply it to our agency. Just as something that you think that you're eligible and would like to do, you would need to contact me so I can vet your application and we can actually start your application process so that way you can have a conditional offer if you meet other requirements close to when you graduate the Equipment Training Academy. For more information, contact me at my information provided in this video.