Let's move to game stacks, and game stacks are when we have players from both sides of the same game. So if the bills are playing the Dolphins, and players from both the bills and the Dolphins make a perfect lineup, that's classified as being a game stack. And this is where we get to the big theme of our perfect lineups from 2019. We want to target players in games that are projected to be close and high scoring. I think a good model of this in your brain is that Saints 49ers' game during the regular season where it was back and forth, back and forth, it was a 45 point total, really tight spread, and that game shot out, and there were a lot of guys in that game in the perfect lineup. So that's going to be the big focus for us throughout this podcast, is looking for tight, close games to stack. Overall, this year there were 20 total game stacks and perfect lineups, and that's a really big number. We should emphasize that in general, again, you want to stack games. That cannot be undersold. But specifically, we want to stack those games that can be close and high scoring. Of the 20 game stacks and perfect lineups, 13 came from games that they spread of less than 5 points. That is 65% of all game stacks. And the way to compare the importance of that is by looking at what percentage of actual NFL games had to spread that tight. And of all the NFL games from 2019, only 50% had a spread of less than 5 points. That is a 15 percentage point gap telling us to stack games with a tight spread. And that is an impactful number for sure. And this makes sense intuitively because games typically don't shoot out unless both sides are scoring points. And to get a game stack, both sides need to score points. This is very logical, but the data does bear it out. So you want to target games that will feature points on both sides with the potential to shoot out. And because bookmakers are very good at what they do, because there's a lot of money on the line, it means we want to target close games. That is very logical, but the extent to which it was true in the data should stand out. Now the emphasis on higher scoring games is also logical, but it is worth emphasizing once again because 65% of game stacks came from games with a total of 45 or higher. That is compared to 56% of all games, so a gap of 9 percentage points there. So we've seen that 65% of game stacks came from games with a total of 45 or higher. 65% came from a game with a spread of less than 5 points. If we combine that together where the total is at least 45 and the spread is less than 5 points, we're left with 40% of our game stacks checking both boxes. Only 30% of all games across the NFL this year were in both zones. So you want to stack high scoring type games. And you also want to actively avoid bad game environments. That's the other big key from this year. Is you want to avoid games with either a really high spread or a really low total. Only one of our 20 game stacks this year came from a game with a spread of 10 or more points. So both points stand. We want to target good game environments and we want to avoid the bad ones. And again, that's going to be a big key for us throughout the day. And that is the biggest thing for game stacks. As far as the positions that go well together, it's pretty logical. The top of game stacking combo was one teams running back paired with the opposing teams wide receiver. And that makes sense because if one team is ahead, they can run the football, that increases volume for the running back. That also means the other team is trailing will be more inclined to throw. So it increases the volume for both the running back and the wide receiver if the game goes that way. So that makes a whole lot of sense. One stack that was a little bit surprising potentially was two running backs from opposing teams because in general that kind of goes counter to what we're just talking about where both the running back and wide receiver benefit from volume. That's not the case. But there were four instances here where two running backs from opposing teams are paired together. But I think that it serves a different point. We just want exposure to tight high scoring games because there will be points scored. We don't know how those points be distributed. So it could be the running back receiver combo we discussed or it could be the running back with a tight end or running back with a running back. So give a slight preference to scenarios that pair well together, like a running back pair with the opposing teams wide receiver. But just in general, we should be looking to stack games up regardless of the positional line. So recap here of game stacks. We do want to target high scoring tight games. We want to avoid really bad game environments with a total under 40 or with a high spread. And we do want to give a slight preference to games that would benefit or to players that would benefit if games play out a certain way, like running back with a wide receiver. But just in general, we do want to stack games up. So the overall point here is we want overall stacks. We want game stacks. We want stacks on stacks on stacks. If you want to earn stacks in NFL BFFs.


Welcome to all things LGBTQ Plus Youth Edition. Today is August 19th, I think. My name is Jules Cazerta, I use she, her pronouns. Over here is. I'm Naven, I use he, him pronouns. And today we're gonna be talking about body image. A real fun topic for all the teens out there. For all doing great when it comes to body image. 10 out of 10. So let's dive right into that. Recently there has been sort of this wave of a body positive movement. I think recently, it's been happening since I've been alive. I assume, right? Yeah, there's been a wave of this body positive movement which has been great. And it's all about like accepting your body and it's fun stuff. But we're gonna be talking a little bit about our experiences in like what it's like in high school nowadays, what it's like kind of in that teen mindset. Cause we're complicated creatures, aren't we, Naven? Yeah. Very complicated creatures. I think I've only said yeah so far. Yeah, that's all you've said. So complicated. Just sit there and say yeah. Yeah. That's all I need you to do. Okay. Anyways. Okay, so let's delve into that and kind of our experiences. Have you felt any sort of pressures from other people ever?  As far as body image goes, I don't, I've never like had, I don't think anyone's like tried to pressure me before but I've definitely felt pressures. Like I'm not a very athletic person. And I just am not the strongest even though I'm like skinny as hell. I'm not that skinny. But I'm kinda skinny. You gotta push up the flap to give the muscles. That's what I do. Yeah. I'm pretty skinny. And like, I've never been a very strong person and I've- I'm just like have therapy right now, let's go. I don't know. I'm a certified therapist. I've always like felt kind of bad that like I'm not very strong. Like I don't like work out regularly or if ever. Gym and high school is gonna be fun next year. She was the worst class ever. It's not like, it's not even like building muscle. It's like run constantly. Don't stop. Just keep running. And then be so close to it. And don't hug your friends. For the rest of the day. Oh God, so nasty. Cause we don't have like, we don't have lockers or like showers really at our school. And that's not even a topic. But like, it's gross. I think similar to what you were saying a little bit. The pressures, like I've never actually felt them kind of from other people. I've generally only felt them for myself. Like I make up these pressures in my brain. Like you have to like be slim or you gotta get that, you know, hourglass. And I think we're gonna have very different body image things here just based on who we are. I mean like, since I'm like trans, it's a whole. It's a whole other thing. It's a whole other thing. Yeah, it's like not even, I'm not trying to say it's like better or worse. It's just like, it's weird. It's different. Yeah. Are you putting your feet up on the table? There they are. There they are. Legs. Yeah, so. You're welcome. Like I've never like, obviously like I remember at high school there's not like, it's not like the movies where it's like all that sort of shaming and like these tall, slim girls who like walk in packs of three. Like it's not that, but I always like kind of made it up in a sense. Like for myself, like I was the one putting the pressure on me.  There's a whole other like, there's dysphoria and then there's all body image. So it's like separating the two and what's that like? Just like, tell me a little bit if you're comfortable. Sure. I'll try. As a trans person, it's weird, I guess, because I have like pressures that are generally associated with my birth sex. I was assigned female at birth, but I'm a trans guy. So I am a boy, but I was assigned female. Y'all know how that works. We have this topic already. Go check that out. And so I've got, I have had pressures. So you kind of felt both. Yeah, I felt both pressures, but it was also like, this might not be the most clear explanation because I'm trying. Yeah, I'm trying. So it's like when I was younger and I thought I was a girl, I like didn't really fit in with girls. Makes sense. Yeah, I was a jerk, which isn't related to body image, but sort of is related. But I would be like, oh, I don't, I'm not like other girls. Oof. Yeah, I did that too. I went through that phase. So I'd be like, I'm not like other girls. And I try to like, I don't know if I'm explaining this very well, but basically I, when I thought I was a girl, I would feel pressures from like, you know, pressures to like look pretty, be a girl long hair, I'd show her hair for a very long time. And then also, That's kind of hair. Hell yeah. And also, I would, even when I was younger, before I knew I was trans, I would feel pressures to like look masculine and like have a more masculine body, sort of, if that makes sense. And like, again, no one was putting those pressures on me, but it's just like, I saw like standards for men, standards for boys, and I put them on myself because I am... Yeah. Boy. I am boy. Yes. And then like, this is kind of it, obviously I'm not like trans, but you're talking about a little bit like, the pressures of being masculine. And like, even I felt that as a woman, like I present, I can present kind of more masculine. That sounds like I'm a butch, occasionally day to day. Yeah. And then like, once you kind of like get into that, people will see you wearing a dress and they're like, what the hell? Like, who are you now? And I'm like, I can wear both and I can look fantastic in both. I have, I mean, yes you do. Thank you. Yeah. I don't have 10. I have about 10. I have a sort of comment about that is like, before I knew I was a boy and before I transitioned, I was like very, against doing anything feminine, especially like, I was sort of feminine when I was like five and six, but like when I got older, like, I don't get how toddlers can be like feminine in their masculine, cause I'm like, how I got a lot of things. Yeah. But anyway, like as soon as I turned like seven or eight in that stretch of time till I was about 13, I was like very against doing, like wearing any feminine clothing. That's, that was my whole, I'm not like other girls phase. Now I'm not. All those years. They were like, oh God. Flashback. Oh God. And like, but now that I've transitioned, I'm more, I'm actually comfortable doing feminine things. Like I'm wearing makeup right now. Yeah. 10 makeup skills. Hi folks. Hi. I didn't have eyeliner or mascara. So I was wearing, or I was wearing blush and highlighter. On your eyes? Yeah. Scale. Thank you. That's good. Thank you. You're welcome. But, and it was just like, I wanna figure out that I was a boy, but also like an androgynous sort of boy was really freeing for me. And it sort of took a lot of pressures off of like, having to be masculine or having to be feminine I guess. Yeah. Yeah, no. And like, I've noticed that based on like you just cause we obviously were friends outside of it. But like I've just noticed that and it's 10 out of 10. Love it. Thank you. Yeah, but I feel like a lot of the times with sort of like, because again I can only speak from like a female's perspective, once you kind of like slightly shift like a box, like once you even like show a remote interest, people are like shocked when you can also be like, oh, I also am like kind of like wearing makeup and like I like, you know, kind of showing off my body. Yeah.  And I'm like, just cause I wear like baggy t-shirts on days does not mean I'm completely insecure or like I can't ever express that sort of femininity. Yeah. And the topic isn't about masculine feminine, but we're going there. Yeah, we're going there. Yeah, let's do it. It's sort of related. It's definitely related. Especially between our two experiences. Yeah. Also, I remember that the last week of school like retake week where there was not a ton of kids in the school. Freshman year? Yeah, freshman year. And there was like, I was just hanging out with my friends mostly cause I had a lot of free time and I was hanging out in the art room a lot and I found these like dresses that were pretty nice. Like one of them was like, it doesn't matter, but basically like I was just like putting them on and I was like having fun and stuff. And I was also wearing a crop top that day and it was like a whole thing. Boys in crop tops are so cute. I'm sorry. My bisexuality is coming out. And I remember it was just like a really fun day and I just like got to like wear these dresses and I have them. Like I have them at my house and I went to do a Latin retake just like in a dress. It was fun. I bet our Latin teacher loved it. Yeah, like he was just like. Subnamen. Hey, yeah, he didn't. I love the no reaction. Like those are my favorite things. Like when you're wearing something like slightly different, obviously it's a little bit different for the two of us. But like when I'm wearing something that I normally wouldn't wear, I just love not having any comments. Yeah. So I'm like, oh, I can do this every day. Yeah. And like also slightly really, then we can get back to the topics. Cause we're getting too far off track. Is that like I, for the fourth of July parade, I. Yeah, I was there. That's cute. I loved it. It was a great moment. Thank you. I was like wearing like a full face of makeup, like really intense and a dress. And I, and like I felt like it was easier to just say, like, oh, I'm in drag, but it was really just like, I just wanted to wear a dress. Like this doesn't make me any less of a boy and I just, I just wanted to wear a dress. And I. Protect feminine voice. And I looked, and I looked cute. Yes. Thank you. I love that confidence. Yeah. So I have a list here. If y'all can't tell by me tapping my phone or if you can see it, I do have a list. Next thing on my list, I think we've kind of a tiny bit touched on is improving your body image. And like one of those things for me is like makeup. Like that makes me feel 10 times more confident. And people will always like get on my case about that.  They're like, why don't we don't promote makeup to girls? And I'm like, it's literally marketed. Like that's what, that's what you're, it's like it, anyways. Yeah. Improving your body image. One thing that helps with me is like makeup or like wearing or like revealing things. Yeah. For me, like makeup, like as far as makeup goes, like I'm wearing something like really toned down but this usually isn't what I wear. You've got the glitter on your eyes, it's nice. Ow. Like I'll usually wear something like really intense. It's like between like- Full face of drag or nothing.  It's like I don't go like the nine yards of like flattening out my eyebrows and like drawing them all high. Like the Elmer's Boost. Yeah. I don't go that far but I- You could. I probably could. You could rock it. I don't wanna peel glue off my eyebrows. It doesn't look like, anyways. Yeah.  It's kind of liberating, right? Yeah. It's kind of like screw it. I'm gonna put right purple on my eyelids because that's what I wanna do today. Yeah. And like it's obviously not the same for everyone but that's how it works for us. Yeah, at least for me. Or like speaking from like a kind of like more insecure like points like, you know, you kind of put on a character that's like confident. Obviously like that's what I do at least. And then like for someone who is more insecure, like kind of building that up is really difficult because like I started out like the absolute minimum. Like I was like, eh, like I can survive looking like this but like I won't be happy about it. I'm like building that up took years and years and years and years. And like I'm still not quite there because a lot of it is just kind of like faking it till you make it, you know? Like you put on that confidence and eventually it becomes like second nature to you. Yeah. But from that kind of insecure standpoint, like what do you do to like, do you do anything? Cause I know I do. For me. What tips do you have for someone who's trying to like get more positive around their body? Does that make sense? Is that a question? Yeah, I know what you mean. Thank you. Yeah, so one thing that I've seen people say a lot is like just appreciating the parts of your body just like in general. Like what are those for you? Yeah. This is mostly, this is actually a tip for coping with dysphoria. So, hi guys. Coming at you with those dysphoria tips. Yeah. So one thing I've heard a lot is just for example like trans guys sometimes have like smaller hands and they're like small and feminine. And one thing I've seen is like people like being like just like appreciate what your hands do for you. And one of my favorites is like all the like cute animals they've touched and pet. That's so cute. I know. Oh my God. Yeah. And like my hands are kind of, I have. You have fairly large hands. I have fairly large hands. So that hasn't been an issue for me. But I don't know. It's just like appreciating the parts of your body that just appreciating what they do for you. Not because of how they look, because of what they're like they're keeping you going. Yeah. Like what their function is. And I think that's personally helped me a lot. I also go to, I also have a therapist who I- Shout out. They've been therapists. We have the same therapist. Hell yeah. Love her. But I do, that's like if you do have issues with body image and stuff it definitely helps to talk to a therapist. And like body image tips can only help you so much. Yeah. So like, yeah, but those are some, that's one thing that's helped me a lot. I think for me, like this is gonna sound a little weird.  But like stick with it, I promise.  Like just kind of like look at it. And be like okay that's mine. Like it's mine and I'm never getting out of it. Like I'm, this is like I'm not gonna wake up one day at someone else's body.  Like this is how I am forever. Like obviously you can change it to a certain extent but just kind of like looking at it and being like okay that's me. Like that's what I get. That's the cards I've been dealt. It's awesome. And just kind of spending time with you as you. Yeah and I feel like you're just doing like body dysmorphia and I'm doing gender dysphoria because I have something that connects to that to help with dysphoria. Is that body dysmorphia? Or I don't know. Just like body image and you're kind of like well because you have dysphoria I don't. So I mean that does help me cope with the fact that like I'm at the very start of my medical transition. And like. That probably wouldn't help a trans guy. Yeah so. I just realized that it wouldn't really help.  I don't wait no I don't do that. I know I'm kidding. I'm sorry. I'm sorry. I'm blushing it. That's not what I was assuming. That was a joke. You're wearing undergarments. Okay. Continue. Yeah. Or I would. Yeah. Continue. For me it's like continue. For me it's like also just like sort of part dysphoria can mean you feel disconnected from your body which is something I've experienced and it's like really weird and surreal. And it's just like trying to ground yourself and be like okay this is the body. Do you do that body scan thing? Yeah. Shout out to our therapist. Love you. She taught me that too and like I don't have dysphoria but I do like I'm always to cope with kind of my body image issues. I would just completely separate. I'd be like my brain and like my mind. Something completely different. It's not part of this. And like essentially what you do in a body scan is you just sit and you like will go through all the different parts of your body and be like okay what do my feet feel like? Like what am I?   And like I do the same thing. Like not forwards, forwards because of how I am. Yeah. I just separate them and then like getting back in there. Yeah. And like grounding yourself. Yeah so like for me it might be like I don't know I'll just like be wearing shorts and like a binder and like be like okay I'm gonna be able to like change this. There are parts of my body that I will be able to medically change but for now. This is what I have. Yeah this is what I have. It's working for me. And it's sort of like going back. It's working for you. It's sort of going back to that whole like appreciating what your body does for you. It's like I'll sort of do that. And be like okay like here's the parts of my body I like here's parts I don't like so much but here's what they do for me. And it's just like seeing it and seeing my face and like connecting everything. Yeah cause like I don't know but I don't know if this is just a mean thing but like when I disconnect my body from like my brain it's like my face goes with it and my body just kind of like disconnected. Floats. Yeah. Yeah I don't know. It's like I associate like my face and my brain together and my body just like. Well cause your brain's like in your face. Yeah.  But kind of like just being with your body too and like you obviously there's some things you can change medically or just by like eating different or working out and like there are things like that obviously but well you're also sitting with your like body and kind of doing that process. You're sitting like you kind of realize things that like you may not like but you literally cannot change. Like for example I have hip dips which are a huge thing especially with people like girls my age especially with women I've noticed is that hip dips are essentially I don't really have that hourglass shape I kind of curve and then my hips go in and then my thighs come out and it's like a little divot right at the hip dip. And you see constantly like oh exercises to change your hip dips or like people always like exercise will fix that and first of all that's just a blatant lot cause the more you exercise the more defined they'll get cause you'll be more toned. So don't listen to that. Second of all it's literally just how my pelvic bone is sitting like it's just genetic. Like my pelvic bone sits higher up than someone with that kind of like smooth sort of fit. Not some weird but like hip dips are kind of cute. Thank you. This whole episode is just us subtly flooding with each other. Anyways that's like one thing that you kind of notice when you're sitting there and obviously there again there are things you can change but like that kind of dip or having a little bit more punch here it's caught all women have it. All so cute. I'm sorry. All women have it to literally to protect your uterus. Like you cannot change that. Like there's a flat stomach is achievable but like you're not gonna put them into work into getting a flat stomach when this is like natural. It's also like something I've learned from doing research about hormone treatments and.  Something I'm learning about hormone replacement therapy which is what trans people go on is that like people who are assigned female at birth and who produce estrogen like it's like very hard for them to build muscle compared to someone who's assigned male at birth and produces like or like more testosterone and more estrogen. Because obviously we have both. Which some people don't know what confirms me. And the thing I've learned is that like when trans guys are non-binary people who want to go on testosterone it's like it becomes way easier for them to build muscle and like not really lose weight but like. It's really hard for women to lose weight. Yeah.  So essentially here's my graph. Men lose weight like this. Women lose weight like this. It's fun. But basically my point is that. We're assigned women and men. Biologically female, biologically male. Y'all know what we're saying. Oh I thought you were pointing at the wall. Anyways. Yeah. So anyways but I don't know just what I've learned from researching hormone replacement therapies that like testosterone just makes it way easier for you to build muscle. Which also means that like people who are assigned female at birth. Like. Have a harder time.  Is there to protect you? Yeah. Another thing that like everybody has but I feel like I see women being a lot more insecure about stretch marks. Cute as hell by the way. Stretch marks. Literally everyone has them. Like men, women, all of us. We're just here to tell everyone you're cute. Yeah. Literally that is the moral of this. It's like you're cute. You're welcome. But stretch marks. And again I have only really see women being more insecure about this. Cause like you know men hide there for you. Cause kind of the whole thing. Like men are insecure too. But they don't really talk about it. But women with stretch marks are just like really insecure and they're like creams and stuff that you can put on your stretch marks.  Cause everybody has stretch marks. Women cause like you start as a baby and you stretch to a four foot, five foot, six foot depending on how tall you get. Of course your body's gonna have some marks from that. Yeah. It's like like I don't know acting scars. Scars in general. Freckles. Freckles are so cute. Yeah I don't. Literally cause you're cute. Y'all are cute. Y'all have anything.  That does sound like every bisexual ever but y'all are cute. Anyways. We are so on topic today. Yeah. No. This is a perfect episode. Yeah. You're cute. It's just a fact. I thought it was a little bit men's body image and kind of how men aren't expected to ever really be insecure but like of course they are. Cause hi Naven. This is where you come into play cause obviously I'm a woman. In case you didn't know. So you want me to just go on? Just go on. Okay yeah so. That's what I've been here before. Yeah I can't remember, I can't remember any statistics obviously but um men um like also um men can like get like the eating disorders where it's like they um like obviously like bulimia and anorexia and. Bulimia and anorexia are the most common ones. Yeah they'll like obviously get eating disorders a lot and they'll also do this um they'll get this thing I can't remember what it's called but they'll basically like get so obsessed with being like being fit and like yeah. Exercise addiction is another form of eating disorders that people generally don't get diagnosed because they're like oh it's healthy I'm exercising so they treat themselves. Whereas with anorexia and bulimia a lot of the time people know what they're doing is wrong. Exercise addiction it's a lot harder to tell that you're actually hurting yourself. Yeah and it's like basically you just like exercise to the point where you're like unhealthy. Yeah and it's um. Is that more common in men? I think yeah I think so.  They're cute but not my type. No no it's not my type. Aren't healthy. But the point is everyone's cute. Everyone's cute but they're not healthy. Yeah. Like those actors that you see that has like these six packs only look like that for like a day. And they're also like really greased up. They're greased up they're dehydrated they can feed like five raw eggs. Like to get that definition they aren't drinking anything. And it's so unhealthy. And then when like a picture leaks of this guy people are used to seeing with these like six packs when they're a picture leaks of them just like on a normal day when they're not filming everyone's like oh they were like dad bod. And I'm like that's not a dad bod. He still has abs. It's just protected by this layer of fat. That's what your body does. Yeah. It's protecting you. Yeah. I'm sorry that was a whole rant. I'm like it's not helping you guys. And we love you. You're all cute and we want you to stay here. And then like there's that where it's like they're so big and it's unhealthy and people are shaming them when they even remotely relax or stop flexing. And there's also like there is like obviously fat shaming because people talk about all the time and then skinny shaming which is a whole thing. Yeah. Like oh god skinny shaming is such a thing for me. Yeah before we go off topic. Before we go into that I just want to jump back to the men with eating disorders is that it's also like talked about a lot less partially because of men are supposed to be strong. No emotions. No emotions and also it's like. Y'all can't cry. Real men cry. I'm sorry. This is a topic anyways. But it's also like women's eating disorders like get a lot more attention. Like obviously that's fine. Like I'm not saying like one gender needs more attention than the other. It's just like women's eating like women's eating disorders are taking a lot more seriously. Yeah. And then like when men have eating disorders it's kind of like you you don't want to hear about that. Get over it like you're fine. You're fine. Like guys aren't allowed to be insecure. Yeah. Also with women I feel like people want us to be insecure which makes me so uncomfortable because like obviously this is marketed the media like oh you need to be this.   Like that's weird and creepy stop it. Yikes. I hear I've heard that so much and it's bizarre to me. For who? We won't ask for that. What's your name? I just want to talk. I just want to talk to them. Name it as protective dad anyways.  Yeah and then it's also like when strong women are portrayed in the media it's like oh they're shrill. Bossy.   It's just sexism stop talking. Yeah it's just sexism like oh god body image especially if it kind of comes out because obviously it's put on men a lot but I feel like in the media it's a lot more put on women like men it's kind of more like subtle like backhand. Yeah it's not talked about as much. Yeah but like in women it's like you just see that constantly.  Yeah she shouldn't be wearing that. Her body doesn't look good in that.  Oh yeah. Anyways we mentioned skinny shaming which is the thing that I can remind you about forever. People assume that when you're skinny which I'm not but anyone who is is not insecure. That they are perfectly comfortable in their body that they're happy the way they are or people take it to a whole other extreme and accuse people of having eating disorders because they're slim. First of all anyone can be insecure it doesn't matter their body like you can be bigger and perfectly happy with your body you could be small and insecure you can be big and insecure you can be all of it and insecure. Yeah. We're all insecure. And then on the other hand people are even having eating disorders it's like they could and like it comes from a place of concern. But like not really. But like kinda. Kinda but not really and also like it's toxic and harmful and it's just like don't ever really, don't make comments about someone's body whether they're skinny, whether they're big whether they're in between, don't comment on it. Like not only skinny people have eating disorders like I can't remember the name but like there's one where you just like binge and purge eat. That's bulimia. Bulimia right. Bulimia it's actually kind of interesting cause you actually tend to gain you know you're not losing weight when you do that cause like the calories are still going in and then you're like you're bloating up from the throwing up and like you think that it's helping you but it's not. Yeah but it's like any body type anyone can have an eating disorder. Just cause someone's bigger doesn't mean that they're eating disorders any less serious. Right yeah. Doesn't get it cause they don't look, you can't see their bones does not mean they aren't sick. Right yeah. Hmm. You know what else do I have to talk about? And then like also like confusing how you look with health like people assume that if you're on the bigger side you're unhealthy which could be true and obviously you want to stay healthy and at a certain point when you reach a certain weight where you're no longer able to like be healthy. Yeah. Cause like weight at every size. High weight and low weight. Yeah. Weight at every size and then people loved it like a health at every size isn't actually a possibility cause when you reach a certain size and you can hardly move you are not healthy and there's in that kind of body positive movement that we talked about at the beginning people are confusing body positivity and like health. Cause like you can love your body and like rock it but if you're unhealthy you kind of need to like take a step back and be like just cause I like my body and I'm comfortable in it. I might need to change a few things. And I segue. Segue into what? What was my segue? Into like toxic body positivity. Toxic body positivity. So just like every movement and there's a toxic side. Yay, we love it. Segue that I just talked about a little bit is health at every size is not possible. Like there is a point where you reach where it's no longer healthy for you to be that. Skinny or big.  Yeah. If you're like 90 pounds in my size you're not healthy. 90 pounds at any side you're probably not healthy and this is like a toddler. Toddlers are heavier than that anyways but y'all get the point. Y'all get the point if you're like 90 pounds probably not healthy if you're 500 pounds probably not healthy. Like there's a range where that's where health lives. Yeah. And it's not saying that like oh you're disgusting cause you're bigger it's just like you need to there are things that you need to work on to make sure you're living a good life. I've seen a lot of people like confuse toxic body positivity and just like normal body positivity. Like someone who might be on like the heavier side is like yay I love my body. And then like this is like on Instagram like they'll be in the caption like my body is great. Yeehaw feeling great today. Yeehaw. They all say that and then in the comments. In the comments you'll see like. You're promoting obesity how dare you. Yeah it's like all of that and it's like you don't know what this person's like dealing with and like they might be working on their way. You don't know it's none of your business and it's and like even if you think it's coming out of place of concern it's like you're a stranger on Instagram they probably. Not all people's bodies. Yeah you're proper like they're probably not gonna care and it's like sure you might be like looking out for them but also like why should they listen to you like it's like oh their doctors are telling them they're on a healthy weight their family's like you're on a healthy weight we're concerned but then it's like the one person on their Instagram post to comments I think you're overweight maybe get some help. It's like oh. That's gonna be the one that flips their whole life around. Exactly. They're gonna become a vegan. Yeah. And be insanely thin. I can write about vegans I won't though. But that yeah and it's like I don't know. It's just like you can be concerned about someone's health without like.  Weird.  I don't know if I'm allowed to say that but I'm good. And then on the other hand it's like if I don't know how to phrase this there are people in the body positive movement on the toxic side that are sort of these like public figure heads of this movement who are promoting they who are actually promoting unhealthy sizes. Yeah. And that's where it really becomes an issue is like if anyone is in their comics being like maybe like maybe. No. Maybe like maybe it's not the best. Maybe because I saw this situation online where a girl was posting her weight transformation and she was posting her like weight loss pictures and she was like oh I feel great about my body. Like I don't I didn't need to lose weight but I did because it made me happier. Yeah. And this person who was a figure head of the body positive movement and then attacked that girl because she was like you're promoting being thin you're not body positive and it's like body positive should be for everyone. Yeah. And it's like as long as she's like in a healthy range of weight. It's health that's important. Yeah. It doesn't matter what you look like. Yeah. As long as she's like not dipping below like like too low it's fine. And another thing I've seen is do you know have you seen the show Queer Eye? Have I seen the show Queer Eye? Yes I've seen the show Queer Eye. So you know how so I'm just gonna if any of y'all at home have not seen it. Watch it. Watch it. It's a great show. I makes me cry sometimes. Like once but it's a really good show. And there's this one part of the show there's one guy on the show who helps out with fashion and one of the things he'll do is if someone has like a bigger body type or is just like a little larger he'll be like oh here's some clothes that like like especially if the person's talked about their insecurity earlier on the show and then like once they meet with this guy his name's Tan France. Once they meet with Tan. Love him. I love him too. He's great. Once they meet with him he'll be like so you've talked about how you're insecure about this part of your body so I've gotten some clothes that like don't draw attention to that and make you look a little slimmer. And I saw someone like. Oh would they be oh no. I saw someone attacking and be like Queer Eye is promoting fat phobic stuff. Oh my god that word.  It's like no. Like Queer Eye is literally the purest show ever.  Yeah. Again in a lot of toxic communities they'll throw out a lot of words that end in phobic. Yeah. All of them. Fat phobic is one of them and it's like I'm not because I'm promoting health. I'm not because I wear clothes that are tighter around the waist because they give me that kind of look that I want. Yeah and also. Don't want you to say? I forgot.  He's like you're. It's for health. Yeah it's for health and like they're never like fat shaming or anything and they're like you need to lose weight and like the only time they ever end up in a gym like working out is if the person before us specifically been like I want to work out more that's one of my goals, can you help me with that? Like they like never are fat shaming anyone in the entire show and for like someone to be like this is what's happening, listen to me. It's like really frustrating and it's like I've watched every episode of this show I've never seen that. Yeah people are very insecure and when they see something that could even be slightly kind of, you know, problematic. You know. You know, problematic they will jump on that and in any community that you see there are always gonna be those people who are really, really, really intense about it. And that's when it reaches toxic I could rant forever about communities and the internet and all of it because there's so much. And a lot of it spawns from the internet cause like no one can stop you from saying anything.   It's like they're promoting health. Yeah. And like I can see that online it's like when anyone promotes health not even like being tiny it's for them promoting health they'll get like attacked and it's like, no. Yeah. Like drink a glass of water, take a nap and then come back and have a conversation. Yeah. Like we're gonna be chill. Yeah. We're gonna be calm. Gotta find my list. Yeah. Huh? I don't know. And I mean like the body positive movement has obviously done a lot of good but there's always a toxic part of it and we're just focusing on that right now. Body positive movement is so, so, so important to have that. Yeah. Like it's helped like so many people. It's helped so many people. It's helped me. Yeah. It's like, oh, body positive, body positive. Body positivity is so, so, so important. You should be able to feel comfortable into the body and you should see that represented. You should be able to see hip dips in the media, stretch marks, acne scars. It should all be there. Yeah. But in any community, there's gonna be someone.  And it's like, really back. Or like a whole staircase too far. Or like a staircase too far. And then it's like, get down here. Like this is not what this was created for. Yeah. And yeah, I don't know. It's a whole thing. It's a whole thing. Should we end this? Are we done? Do you have anything else on my list? We talked a little bit about improving your body image. I feel like we can go back on that to kind of like circle back around. And it positively, your body is like, it's great.   And it's cute. And it's cute, according to David. There's your validation, David, things you're cute. Love you guys. And like all these things that people are really insecure about that are just like, you know, they're there. There's no issue. Yeah. I'm guilty of all of this too. Yeah. Like of course I am. I'm sure you're guilty of anything you really talked about a little bit. Yeah, definitely. Cause it's like we're all insecure. But we're all cute. Yeah. We're all cute. That's how I think we should end this. Yeah. We're all cute. Yes, you're all cute. Cute. Your stretch marks are cute. Your chub is cute. Yeah. Your hip dip. These two bisexuals, being bisexual together, think you're cute. All right. Well, this has been all things LGBTQ. Let's take a feed off the table. Youth edition. Thank you so much. And we will see you next time.


Felly, y cael ei ddod yn siŵn i yw'r ddweud i'r cyllidio cyfnodd a gyd, y CBI wedi ei wneud gweithio'r pririo ar yr ysgol iawn. Mae'n ddiw i'r ddweud, yw'r probleme economiaid, a'r probleme socialau, ac mae'n ni'n yn defnyddio'r probleme sy'n cael ei hawdd ymlaenol nad o'r cyfnodd iawn y sefydliad ymlaenol. mae'n rhaid i chi'n cael eu bod ni'n gweithio? Yn yn ni'n gallu gweithio'r awdd i'r ffotograffau, Rhyw gwrs, rydyn ni'n ddweud ychydig ymlaen nhw? Rydyn ni'n ddweud y llyniaid yng nghylch ar y cyfrifio fyddfa yn y mediad. Roedd y ddweud y dyma, y dyma, y mediad. Rydyn ni'n ei wedi'i oedd eich LBI. Rydyn ni'n gweithio'n gweithio'n ei wneud. Rydyn ni'n ni'n gweithio'n gweithio'n arddangos o gyllideb o'r cyfle, ac mae'n gweithio'n gweithio'n gweithio ar y dyma. I gamesh treesh. We're not going to get a solution without a private sector. Also it's important to say, I think I'm writing and saying that you've got, not just a private sector here, you've got voluntary sector, you've got public sector as well. Evidently this is an issue that requires real public private voluntary sector partnership. And so it's good news that the private sector wants to be part of the answer to this, not just complaining on the sidelines. I think, I want to start by saying that there's quite an important degree of agreement a'r mynd y fân ddweud y ffaith ar y gweld yn ychydigol. Fydai rhan o'r byw, cwrs, y mod i'n ddweud cyforyddion i'r cyfelydyd gwybodaeth, y peth ymddoedd ymlag yw'r cyfrifiadau ymddyr, wedi cyfyrddol cyfrifiad ar gyfer lynyddiad. Ac rydych ar gwrthodd cyfrifiadau, efallai, byddo'i gyrfa 20050,000 o mgei drwng ynddoedd o'r 25, Felly yn siart i ddweud yw 100,000 yng Nghymru, fyddwch chi'n meddwl, yma wedi gael y problemu. Yn 1.4 miliwn o'r un o'r un i ddweud, yw'ch fyddwch chi'n meddwl, yw'r ein bod yn y cyhoedd, yn ei wneud o'r 16-25 oed. Fyddwch chi'n meddwl, mae'r cost yn mynd oed. Mae'r gyfan mae'r report yma yn rhoi gyfwyr yma echydigol ond y 10-year net present value cost of current levels of youth unemployment, especially long-term unemployment, because all the evidence is that it's not that you want to dismiss three to six-month unemployment as not being a problem, but it's more than six-month unemployment that has a clear economic impact on earning power and tax revenues later on. If you're unemployed for more than six months, certainly more than a year, under the age of 25, you're earning less, you're working less for long periods of the rest of your working career. Especially for women actually, there's a gender aspect to it. We calculated the net present value of £28 billion on a 10-year basis when we did the report in February. We recalculated this University of Bristol statistics, £30 billion when we redid it in May.  Thirdly, the problems are not insoluble. That is a really important message, I think. I'm sure it came out in your workshops. It's not just that there are good examples overseas. There's good practice in the UK that we can learn from. I just want to say a bit about what is the nature of the problem, what's the nature of the solution. The problem is, in my view, cyclical and structural. There's absolutely no point in denying that. I don't want to repeat what people have said, but there's clearly a cyclical aspect to this. Long-term youth unemployment has just spiked up with the second recession, with the double dip. There's a clear cyclical element to it. It's obvious, really. Actually, older workers have held their own in the labour market much better than in previous recessions, which is a good thing. But the increase in long-term unemployment, actually unemployment generally, but long-term unemployment especially for the under-25s, has been very, very marked, almost worse than previous recessions. You can see that in the claimant count, actually. The numbers I gave earlier, the 250,000, the 200,000, those are ILO figures, International Labour Organization. The claimant count has also ballooned up in my constituency. The long-term claimant count has gone from under 100s to over 500, nearly 600, just in one constituency. I think we also agree that the structural element mustn't be neglected. I go around saying the current government did not invent this problem, but they've made it worse. Now, the Prime Minister always quotes the first half of what I say in the House of Commons, and that's sort of politics. But I think there are two sides to this coin. I've got a beef about the cyclical element, but I've also got a beef about the structural element, because in 2004, pretty good times, we saw youth unemployment starting to rise, and there were about 700, 800,000 needs even in 2004, 5, 6. And the change in the labour market was pretty marked. Interestingly enough, our research doesn't link it to the opening of the labour market to the accession countries from the East. We couldn't find an economic link between immigration and youth unemployment. Actually, some of the areas with the highest levels of youth unemployment had the lowest levels of immigration and vice versa. We couldn't find that link, but it's important to say there's a structural element, as well as a cyclical element to it. And final point, this is a concentrated problem. Whenever I'm on the TV with the Employment Minister, Chris Grayling, he takes it in quite a good heart, but the unemployment rate in Epsom and Yule is, I think, 0.2%. And in 600 wards in the country, it's double the national average. The neat rate is about 20%. And I think Nick Clegg spoke about this today, and it's good that they've recognised that there is a concentration to this problem. So what are the causes? Beyond the cyclical element, which we can talk about if you want, we diagnosed three main causes of the youth unemployment crisis. First, the preparation and motivation of young people for the world of work. And that speaks directly to what's happening in schools and colleges. In a way, the problem is exemplified by the CSE debate that has happened over the last five or six days. I actually did CSEs in the 1989 to 1981, or two CSEs, as well as O levels. We've got a real issue, which I'll come back to, about how we prepare and motivate young people for the labour market of today and tomorrow. Second big issue is the clarity and quality of the offer for those who are not bound for university. Personally, I defend very, very strongly the expansion of higher education in the UK, up to 45% of the 18-30 cohort. Those who are on the A-level route or the BTEC route, where you've got a whole programme of study for the week, there's a pretty clear route through to age 18-19 and then beyond. But for the other 55%, the CBI report, which was published in January or February, it talked, I think, about a minefield for those who are not on the university. I think that's absolutely right. I see it in my own constituency. It's exactly the right metaphor. It's a minefield that these young people are trying to walk across. It's a minefield in the qualification side and a minefield on the quality side as well. Third problem is the weakness and lateness of welfare state interventions in this country for young people when they become long-term unemployed. We intervene later than other countries and we intervene less effectively than other countries through the welfare state. This may not be a welcome message for the CBI, but we also spend half as much as the OECD average on active labour market policy. I'm not saying there's a direct causation, but we need to recognise that. So those are the three biggest drivers of youth unemployment. We didn't find, we did the econometrics on the minimum wage. We actually didn't find that. What we saw was that you could argue that you're on the cusp of whether youth minimum wage is now, but we couldn't find, this was independent economic researchers, we couldn't find a link between the current level of the youth minimum wage and levels of unemployment. We identified these three issues. Now the government, I don't know if Nick Clegg mentioned this this morning, I was only sent the snippets of his speech, not the full version, but he said something very important and he's been consistent about this. He said the government's goal is to abolish long-term youth unemployment. That seems to me to be a very good goal around which the whole country should be able to unite and which we should all be working towards. And he has been absolutely consistent in saying that. It's also been a consistent feature of government policy that the remedies they've come up with for current levels of long-term youth unemployment won't deliver on that goal. And that's really what I want to speak about today. If we're serious about abolishing long-term youth unemployment, what do we need to do? We argued for four things really, and I just want to go through them quite briskly. There's an issue of jobs now to prevent the new youth unemployment becoming long-term unemployed. There's the transition routes for the non-university bound. There's the reform of the welfare state so that all roads lead to work. And fourthly, there's massive reform needed of the delivery systems to make sure that we're fine-tuning the offer for young people and for employers at local level. I just want to go through those four aspects. First on jobs now, I think I'm right in saying that Nick Clegg announced today that instead of waiting nine months in the hotspot areas, the wage subsidies will come in at six months. I'm not going to say that's bad because obviously it's a step in the right direction, but with the best will in the world, you can hardly describe it as more than a very, very small step in the right direction. Why the last experience of wage subsidies when Ken Clark introduced them in 1994-95 was that less than 10,000 people took them up. Because he tried, you recommended in the CBI report, the National Insurance Holiday, that's what the government are basically going for. What we said in our report is our fear is it's not going to be enough to really shift the problem. So especially in the hotspot areas, one of which is my own constituency, the equivalent of a national insurance holiday, our fear is not going to be enough to drive the problem. So it's good that it's six months rather than nine months, but if you buy my argument that it's the lateness of our intervention that's been historically a big source of our problems, then we're going to have to do more. We're going to need, to coin a phrase in another context, we're going to need a big bazooka rather than a pea shooter if we're going to tackle this problem. On apprenticeships, I think there's a lot of agreement that we want more consistently high quality. Where there is an issue is that less than 40% of new apprenticeships are going to the under 25s. There are some figures showing 900% increase in the over 65s who are getting apprenticeships. That's a bit of newspaper headlines I think because the numbers are pretty small. But in terms of the extra apprenticeships for young people, they're not primarily going to young people. And I think that if we decide this issue of youth unemployment is a real priority, we're going to have to do better on that. I also think that although the National Apprenticeship Service say they've got a clearinghouse for apprenticeships where young people can go and visit, it's nothing like applying for university. If you apply for university you've got the UCAS system, it's nationally clear, there's high status. We've got nothing like that degree of clarity for a youngster who wants to get an apprenticeship. If you want an apprenticeship and you're willing to travel throughout time and where, there's no place you can go to say well what's available. It's a simple point but in the modern world I think it matters. Thirdly in terms of jobs now, the government are beginning to say they want to do more to drive infrastructure investment in the country. I think we can do a lot more with public procurement in saying that all public procurement should have requirements for the number of young youngsters that you take on especially the number of young apprentices you take on. We had a representative of Kent County Council on our task force. They say that for every, I think it's for every million pounds of public sector procurement you need one young apprentice. And so they're a pretty big authority. I think we can take the public procurement side of this much further. Final thing which nobody talks about is transport costs. Transport, if you talk to young people that is a big issue for getting to interviews, never mind getting to a job. If you're on an apprentice, you're on a £2.60 an hour. Transport, if you live, I was in Hastings in May. It's 17 quid to get to Brighton. And this issue of transport costs and how we're going to make it financially viable for people to get to interviews, never mind get to work is absolutely key and I think there's a bigger role for local authorities in negotiating what they call quality contracts on this. Second point, the transition to work for the non-university bound. I mean, maybe we can come back to some of this in questions, but briefly, you've got to start earlier with those who look like they're at risk. We've got to do far more for those who are in the care of local authorities. The most likely to end up as long-term unemployed are those who are in care or who are doing caring. And I think that within the public sector we can do a better job. Thirdly, the whole work experience debate, the government dropped this thing about docking benefits if you turn down a work experience. And I think work experience can have value. We've got to make sure it's real quality offer because too many youngster say to me that what they were doing wasn't actually sufficient quality. We suggested, I'm not sure this is perfect, we said you should be guaranteed a job interview, not necessarily a job, but a job interview or training in the course of your work experience as a way of weeding out those who are actually not using it for the right purposes. I don't know if that's quite the right answer. Final thing about the transition to work for the non-university bound, we should use those young people who are actually in work. We suggested that a mentoring scheme could be established where any youngster who's employed for more than a year should be mentoring someone who's unemployed for more than a year and actually using the success of young people and the networks of young people to actually make a difference. Third area is about reforming welfare so that all roads actually lead to work. I know Nick said today he doesn't buy the argument about a job guarantee for those unemployed for more than a year. I absolutely promise you there's not a single labour market system anywhere in the world that has abolished long-term youth unemployment without a job guarantee. It's just a simple statement of fact. Now the argument is that the future jobs fund, which was an emergency thing after 2008, only had a success rate of 50%. Frankly, 50% is much higher than the work programmes getting at the moment, but we tried to take seriously the criticism of it and one criticism is it didn't do enough to help youngsters get into work after being on the future jobs fund, after the six month guarantee. So we said make it a part-time job guarantee with the requirement that anyone on it was doing training and job search in the rest of their time. So I think you could fine-tune a job guarantee, if it's part-time as well, to make that go. For the very long-term unemployed more than two years, the experience in places like Denmark is you need an absolutely massive effort, including through intermediate labour market efforts we're using the voluntary sector if you're going to help these youngsters. A final point about delivery mechanisms, I think this is a massive issue that while the commissioning is done at national level we're not going to get the kind of city deals that really address the concentrated areas of long-term employment. I would like to see, if you're in Manchester, I'd like to see Manchester employers, Manchester council, Manchester voluntary sector becoming the commissioning board for the mix of training, childcare, wage subsidies that's actually making a difference, because the truth is there's a different set of needs in a different labour market in Manchester than in Newcastle. And we call them youth employment zones, but this issue of breaking the stranglehold of national government I think is absolutely key. Now, I don't want to go on for too long because you want to ask questions. I recognise as a funding issue here. Now, I can say till I'm blue in the face, it costs us a lot to have long-term unemployed. I can say that we spend less than the OECD average, but there's also an issue, funds are constrained. Let me just give you a couple of examples where we can do much better with money that's currently being spent. The £700 million that's being offered to help so-called problem families, that doesn't have a proper youth employment aspect to it. If you think about the issues that confront families that are breaking down and causing problems, youth unemployment is going to be a central part of it. It's also the case that we've got now £150 million, Nick Clegg announced three or four months ago, for the younger end of the age range, 14 to 17, leave to one side the abolition of work experience for 14, 16-year-olds, which I think is wrong, actually. We oppose that. We can do a much better job with that £150 million, the infrastructure I've spent I've mentioned. So I don't buy the argument that the ideas that we've put forward here are impossible. I mean, not least as, yes they're within 20 minutes, they seem to find £500 million for a 3P freeze on petrol duty. This is a real chronic challenge for the country and I think it deserves real attention. My final point, the fact that we've got a bit of government attention is a good thing and I don't want to be sort of downbeat about it. But we've got to match deeds with rhetoric.  Now the promise is that we're going to be serious if you like, as a political and business class elite, if you want to say, we're going to be serious about tackling long-term unemployment. If in fact we end up not being serious about it and the one-year unemployed become four-year unemployed, then it's not just an economic cost or a social cost, those youngsters are going to think that actually there's nothing in what we all say about our commitment to them. So I think there's a real issue of the intergenerational contract here. If we're serious about the aspirations we set, we've got to be serious about the measures that we put in place and the truth is if you go through everything I've said in respect of wage subsidies, apprenticeships, work experience, job guarantees, none of that can be done without the private sector. None of it can be done with the private sector alone but none of it can be done without the private sector and I would like to see, not just at national level but at local level, CBI and its regional outreach, also the Chamber of Commerce, I don't know if you're there that you're competitors but you know your collaboration and competition going together, sorry to mention them. We need in the sort of 50, 60 areas of greatest economic activity around the country, not just the 10 or 12 big cities, we need local coalitions to come together. In the northeast we're hosting a northeast youth job summit on the 5th of July. I've had an approach from Manchester, I'd like to see every part of the country having a regional job summit where we put together public, private and voluntary sector expertise to say we're really going to crack this problem. So that's why I welcome this meeting, that's why I think that it's really important we go forward with some actions that make a difference. Thank you very much indeed.