What's up guys and welcome to Trendy Updates up our SPM Buzz. Now onto the trending news today. Let us look at the top 10 events of 2022. Nantanzana your laughs and jars. This is an event that took place at the Nairobi Cinema the mid-November Harpo. Na iniventa ba elikwemi organiziwa and hosted by Eddie Boutitta in SPM Africa. He iniventa ba elieza kuhost some of the best comedians or other stand-up comedians palekulikuwa na tnam na why why kulikuwa na shiko kulikuwa na dark mutai Doctor Kimori Monyewe na piliya kulikuwa pale na Nasra comedian wileza kutumbu isa wato and it was a very good success especially when it comes to stand-up comedy. Then number two comes in the juice party by Abel Mutua. Yanini experience ya wakuru Genzi amba elikwapa na Nairobi Cinema and of kusuna yo wakuru Genzi they showed up as always it was one of the best experiences ever to go down by the wakuru Genzi edition, you know? Na pia o kiskeza wale wa tu alikuwa na sema uu uu that was something I would go over and over again trust wakuru Genzi to deliver. Na yaba si coming in at number three is Joyride podcast. You know this is a podcast that has really grown over the years garnering lots of millions of views pale online. Of course it is. We are headed by the couple Benz Saiko and Wajirunjiru. Na in its podcast nambai me kwaiki shubulika sana na inongelia especially relationship issues sana, sana in social issues and they have been doing so well they have built a community na pale Joyride experience was a win-win. Ayaba si to came in at number four coming in is Shin City Eldoret trust the boat na Shinski alieza kudeliva pale Eldoret na Alijaza Stadium I'm telling you ya niw kengalia ile video a performance ata irecomonimu niya leza kwambia wa sana iwa kijaza stadium vile ndoa wa eze waka mua dress as the precedent kus wabu indi the Shin City Eldoret was a huge success. Coming in next is TTNT Ilefani kwa wakati mua kawunanzia pale ya Nairobi cinema and of course this is Njugush ali kwa na tengeneza ya ni stand-up comedy pale ali kwa the host na EMP yando ali kwa na tubuiza and TTNT that was the day that Celestine na maukipenda waka vinye ali eza kwa announce that they were expecting a baby it was quite a huge surprise kwa sababu Celestine na kwa mba she is expecting so the fans there were caught by surprise kumuona she was almost due ali kwa ni shonoma sana TTNT pale aya masi tu kengia pale Nairobi festival ile kwa inafani ka pale uhurupak the newly revamped uhurupak and this was something that was organized by the Nairobi County governments behind it by Jonson Sakaja the governor ile kwa na eza kwenyesha the Nairobi people this is our culture and art of course it was a way to celebrate the Nairobi culture foods and ICT and innovation as well ile kwa ni shoya wikim zima ya ni it was full of activities pale uhurupak kama you missed out I believe it's going to be annual kwa evo itabidi umedika kamua next time weze kufika ya ni 200 artists were performing on a daily basis and I'm telling you that stage was full of talent so clearly Nairobi Festival was able to show us that we have a lot of talent to tap in the country Kenya especially Nairobi aya masi, then kuna eventabai ilifani katu mwishu wa muakai inajuli kana kama Miss World Kenya the city Miss World Kenya baya li kuwa li kuwa me kao for some time especially because of the Covid season now this last edition ilifani kaya Miss World Kenya and it was quite a huge competition posawabuki angaliya the contestants they were looking that they know what they really want they looked their part and of course they felt it the part as well lakini lazima katika any competition there has to emerge the winner and the crowd Miss World Kenya 2022-2023 anajuli kana kama Miss World Kenya 2022-2023 chanam rembosana palik mwini akili and we can't wait to see how she is going to be representing Kenya in the Miss World Competition nikimali zia palik kuna eventabai li dilikana kama Modest fashion organized by Nastra Comedian it was such a very good organized event and baya li kuwa ina tap in into the fashion industry now anywa rembo pali kama the really understood the assignment kama li eza kuwa na zile videoza fashion kwe li uneza kuwe liwa that was a night full of fashion at a modesty fashion show lakini basista sa haupi akumtaja fire boy fire boy came into Kenya and gave us Kenyans are quite a good show or other and I mean we have so many Nigerian artists or West African artists that have come into Kenya but we all attest that fire boy gave it his all and you know pala show yanya palem gong riskas show ya fire boy li eza kuwa nika palem gong riskas security pakea ke li kuwa top fire boy niya li kuwa me lindu akwe li kama sanim kubwa that he is but he is down quite a show especially because most Kenyans are really complaining about performances that this artist are giving on stage kuna liwa during his concert that was held in Nairobi gong riskas nani kimaliti amu shokabisa lazima tuweke the rally that was happening in Naivasha and that was a huge one kwa sababu enye watua li travel all the way to Naivasha lakini piya the story ni Taras Riley was able to was able to give a show to his fans na ila show mi na kumbiwa to the brim especially the Koroga that was the final day of the rally that happened it was the official event that is the Koroga Festival where Taras Riley performed ukia nga lia ila show il kuwa imeja kabisa and that was quite a huge ground kwa even kwanisha ni ani the rally was attended by so many people from all walks of the country waleza ku fika palen Naivasha indida good time let us know kama kuna events abaya una yuaware 2022 ni kubamba zairi na tijaisa kuwa geza kwa iilis lakini aspa SPM birds we feel this were the top 10 events of 2022 keep it trendy updates hapa SPM birds


This talk is about sbasev.com.  And the idea was to present some aviation information on the internet, on the website. Well, that's now what this talk is about, some information about the website, a short overview. And then what I've, well, which challenges I face and solve to find, to compute distances for points of interest around. And finally the last two points are about text search, auto completion in large sets of data. So the first one is that when you open a page on this website, you'll see, at first you see the map-nick map. With an overlay which shows a dot for each airport in view. And you can select certain regions, like I did here for Badgem, where inside this region you see the dots in blue outside. They are gray, so all dots here are airports, but the blue one are the Badgen ones. Then if you zoom in, here you see Brussels airport. You zoom in, then you also get markers for airports, these are the blue rings. Because this is the, well, it's a sign on the official maps. And here you also see something like navigation aids. This is a radio beacon which can be used or which is used for navigation. Yeah, as I said, map data, maps can be configured. You can choose the base layer or overlay layers on your own. Some are pre-configured.  Then there's also FAA producers for or publishes sectional maps. These are aviation maps for the US. And what's also interesting are topographic maps and hill shading. It might be interesting or is interesting for aviation, not necessarily in Badgen or the Netherlands, but for instance if you fly in Austria or Switzerland, then it can become a real concern. The projection of the markers has already been pre-computed. So even while we have several 10,000 markers in the whole database, this projection is pre-computed to get them rendered quickly. Then if you click an airport or a nav aid on the map, then the tooltip shows and if you click on get information on the marker, you first get some general aviation, airport codes, location and stuff. But you can also switch through tabs and get weather information, runway information. No-term means notification for airmen. These are official information like closed runways or stuff like that. Frequencies, nav aids around, airports around. If you want to do a flight of an hour or so at a certain speed, then you can just choose your airports. If you don't know where to go, you can just browse through the airports in the corresponding distance. Finally, web links and comments, well, MISH is terms and conditions like use of cookies or terms of use. And above that you also see this location field. Here you can enter the code or the name of an airport and I'm currently extending it again. It has already been done before, but I have to do it again. I'm now working on it to extend it on populated places or other significant points. Yeah. And the data which has been shown now on this page, well, where does it come from? Airport, nav aid data currently comes from our airports.com. This will be completed and verified, but I'll come to that later. Then magnetic variation, which is not a concern in Europe because it's rather low here, but for instance in the US, then you get several degrees. When you navigate or when you use a compass for navigation, you get a deviation of several degrees. It is computed by, well, get WMA. This is a formula or it's a JavaScript program, which is published by NOAA to compute the magnetic or the strength and orientation of the magnetic field on any place on Earth. This is the data or also the twilight times. Routines for that are already included in PHP. Weather information and no terms are picked up at websites and published here again and this information are cached just to keep the load on these websites low. In the future, we have to extend it, as I already said, to check and complete the current data. Our airports.com has many airports where runway information is not yet available or some information is, well, not only missing but some is also wrong or outdated and it's not really complete. For instance, in the official documentation, you find information about obstacles like towers, windparks or whatever or bridges, high bridges and most interesting, I found that there are still navigation lights or lighthouses which can be used for airplane navigation. From my home country in Germany we don't have any but in Belgium there are some, I think some 10 of them and one is even here in Brussels which is especially interesting because the airspace over Brussels is prohibited. You may not fly there but there's a lighthouse standing around. I have to check that. Yeah, well, airspace, something like prohibited areas or control zones also have to be introduced and shown on this website and all these data are published by the officials in PDF format and they have to be converted and then parsed to get into this website. Finally, web links currently, there are only at most one or two Wikipedia links for each airport and plan also to include official airports, websites or flight schools, flying clubs, stuff like that. Software used for all this is PHP as I already said, databases SQLite for the aviation data, MySQL is used by the common system, jQuery for the UI, Leavlet to render the maps, then static map light. I found that and it's great to already show a map while the tile map is to rendering so you get a first impression. You can already see if you're at the right point. We'll get WMA, I already talked about that but I'm not sure what the context is the common system I'm using on this website. Yeah, but now, as I said, SQLite, the problem here is that when I want to compute distances to find the nearest airports or the Naviates to a certain point, I can assume that Earth is a sphere. It's a very low error. There is this have a sign formula which I've copied here which gives you from latitude and longitude the distance on Earth's surface. The point here is SQLite doesn't provide, doesn't provide trigonometric functions so you have to pre-compute the sign and cosine. At first to make it possible at all but also it's useful to increase performance because I can't tell about current processes but sign and cosine typically are not hardware implemented so you have to, some subroutines have run and causing some delay or some performance loss. But there is this term of cosiness and the difference of the two longitudes. So to put these into a table, you have to put it into a table for each combination you have in database. So this means you get quadratic complexity for some 50,000 airports you get more than 2.5 billion billion items to store in each or at least two times four bytes at least to get reasonable accuracy. This is quite a lot and it's too much. Is it really? Well, there was this, as I said, yes we can in a modification of this election slogan which has been around a few years ago. There is this trigonometric identity so the cosine of a difference can also be evaluated at these four evaluations with other trigonometric values. But these four can now, these four can be stored again in the table because there is, well, there's no more the quadratic complexity. We get back to linear and so using this formula we can, we really can store all the signs and cosines in table and, well, this allows to use a database like SQLite which doesn't provide trigonometric functions or it would also mean becoming faster on, if you use other databases that have the ability to provide or to calculate trigonometric functions. Well then, final point was the name search. I'm taking or I'm using the geographic name information system of BGA and NGA. It's an American, yeah, it's originally a military data set and it has several 10 million items in it which is quite a lot and databases are, well, typically are slow on these, on these sizes of data so there is some optimization built in on this website that I use or a large file is used with all the entries in it and the quick system. Does anybody know the quick system? Nobody. It has been, I've also encountered it when I studied in the, at the end of the 80s in the library that each, the title of each book was listed and alphabetically according to the, to each word in the title. So this, I can't really tell without, without a reasonable example and I couldn't find one so far how this looks like but it's, it's impressive to see and you can really quickly search through, through large lists by keyword using this, this concept. The extension of this is the suffix area which is this data structure which is rather new, well rather new but already more than 25 years old but it's still not used very much and the idea behind it is that we, if we have such a string like bananas then we take each suffix on it, give it an index so just according to its order in the, in the string. Then we order these sets of, in the index and strings according to the string and in this, in this data structure we can do binary search and by this method find, find each string according to its match or just do some prefix match. You already notice I'm getting a bit faster because time is running out. Yeah but using this, using this method you get very fast and many years ago I already implemented this on the first version of espacev.com more than 15 years ago and at that time I talked to some Google technician who was impressed by the speed I reached with this approach. So we come to the end and can say well, espacev.com provides aviation data. Data is partially stored, partially retrieved while querying the website and can be used for simulation or for choosing routes, for choosing destinations or for evaluating flights you have done but there is no endorsement for navigation so you must not use it as a sole mean of flight planning. Another also experience here was this quote of Edison genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. You get the idea and it's, yeah well it's coming, it's popping up in mind immediately and then you're sitting there days and days and get new inspirations and finally somehow, well there's no end in sight put it that way. Consequently this website is work in progress. There are lots of extensions and improvements thinkable and there will come lots of them. For instance, you might have seen that there are some social network links on it but I will also introduce some gamification something like being there done that that you can click as airports where you have been and there will be some kind of ranking just to attract visitors. The layout will be reworked because it's suboptimal currently and the ideas I've presented like the distance calculation and the string search could also be used in other software like maps.me which for my my feeling seems rather slow when finding strings in its database. So that's it so far. Any questions? Do you have any plans to store like historical chart data for previous years kind of just see how the airspace has changed? Question was I don't know if it's really necessary if I repeat it now because yeah, but the recording doesn't work or does it? Yeah, well anyway. Question was if there are any plans to also store historical data to see how airspace has changed or stuff like that. No, the plan is not there for me but as I said in the beginning you can add your own layers and idea will be that mechanism will be built to publish such individual layers that you can give them to friends to other people who are interested in it. That's also the idea of flexibility on this website. Any other questions? Yeah. Private pilots are also to commercial pilots? Question here is if the website is addressing only private pilots or also commercial pilots. I would say private pilots at most because and it doesn't have an official certification for flight preparation so if you rely on it if you rely only on it considering the official documents then you are making an error as a pilot and I would expect that commercial pilots pilots wouldn't be wouldn't have the need to consider the data which is provided on this website. Yeah. Do you plan to put in more information from other sources like let's say for example transponder data which you can receive freely and you could let's say some weather information which you get from the aircraft or what could be also interesting for our private pilots some values like where the freezing altitude let's say like that you have the temperature depending on the altitude the altitude wind you plan to put in some dynamic data like that. Question here is if there are plans to put in more or more other aviation data like transponder codes or freezing altitudes or weather altitude winds stuff like that dynamic data was also keyword in the question about yeah, plans are there but the difficulty is to find the data on the net in a form that it can be used here for instance the altitude winds have been in the first version of the website and they have been cut out of wind maps which wasn't very pleasant and not very useful so yeah, it's question of the cost value question here again so if there is no other question then


Java loop challenge number one. So first let me go ahead and put a loop challenge one here. So let's see correctly. So in this particular tutorial, and again, sorry, I'm not at my usual space. You might hear some background noise. It's a beautiful spring day. I'm looking at some Sakura. And it's quite lovely here. So you might hear some background noise and maybe a little bit echo in the room. I apologize. I'm not in my usual recording environments. So the loop challenge one. So there are six basic loop challenges here in Java. And I've also done these in Python. I think there's a video somewhere on the channel if you check that out. But what I want to do here is talk about how to iterate through a string and access each individual letter of that string and just basically, you know, perform some actions on each individual component. This is a really fundamental and important skill for computer science. You'll be using this not with just with strings, but use it with arrays, array lists, 2d arrays, 2d array lists, etc, etc. Okay, let's get started. Notice I have a template file here. I'll put a link down below if you don't have access to that. And I've created two strings, one called text and one called letter. And I'll be using those throughout this particular challenge. So the first challenge is create a loop to print the string vertically. So what I want to do is I want to go through this entire string, one letter at a time. That's a key fact there is one letter at a time. Questions I have to ask myself are where am I starting? And in this case, I'm starting at the beginning. I'm going all the way to the end. I'm going one by one. And that's the key information we need to create our loop. So if you'll recall, hopefully from previous lessons or times you've studied, the index of the letter A, the first letter is actually zero. So we're starting at zero. And you may or may not be aware there are 26 letters in the English alphabet. And but since we started zero, Z or Z, depending where you're from, is actually index 25. So here's what I'm going to do. So for int I, and I is representing our index. So I is starting at zero. And while I is less than 26. So once it gets 26 done, it's less than not less than an equal. And I'm incrementing by one, I'm going up by one. And I'm just gonna go ahead and put my braces in there. I find a lot of students, especially new people, forget to put the closing brace and they get some weird errors, they don't know how to deal with. So you might want to try that. So this will get me through zero to 25, one at a time. Now, what I need to do is I need to pull each letter out of that. Now, if you're familiar with Java, you know there is a care type or char, I'm not sure how they pronounce it. But since I'm focusing on AP, which doesn't use that, I'm going to be using a string. And that's why I created the variable letter here. So let's say a letter equals, and it's going to be text dot substring, I and I plus one. So in the case of a, it's zero one, one is not inclusive, it doesn't include the B. So it only asks for one character. So in this case, it's gonna be a, so zero, one, one, two, two, three, three, four, all the way up to 2526. Notice there is no 26. So if I did right now, so if I did like system dot out dot print l n, this is what we want to do is print each letter says vertically. So it means one letter per line. Because of that, I'm using print l n or print line here. So I'm gonna go ahead and compile that. Hopefully we'll see compilation finish successfully. Notice this says loop challenge one. This is also loop challenge one. And they need to match. So whenever I run that, and I'll scroll up and you can see here, A, B, C, D, F, G, all the way down to Z. So that is how to solve that first challenge. Now, the only thing is I don't like about this is that I put 26 here because I know there are 26 letters in the English alphabet. But what if I decided to add Bob at the end of this? Now there are 26, 27, 28, 29 letters. So if I compile this, you know, Bob is ignored because I still have a 26 here. So what I'm going to put here instead is text dot length, parentheses, that will give me the length of this, which is now 27, which is now 29. Okay, so but because we started zero, the index of the second B is 28. We go ahead and compile it and run it. And we'll see if that worked. And you can see here, we've got the OB at the end, take that off to get back to where it was. Okay, so that's the first one. So again, just real quick, make sure don't this, this drives me nuts, students for some weird reason, they can't figure out the first ones, they go, okay, I'll try the second one. No, it's not a good way to do things. These are specifically designed to build up the skills that you need to solve this in a certain order. So now look at this one says create a loop to print the string horizontally. The only difference between these two problems is printing vertically and printing horizontally. We're still starting at a still going all the way to Z, we're still going one by one. I've already got the code to do that. I've already got the code that pulls out each individual letter. So the only change I need to make here is instead of print ln print line is print. So we go ahead and run it. We see now it prints a through Z horizontally because there's no ln here. ln automatically adds a line return. So moving on to number three, create a loop to print the string backwards. I probably should have added horizontally here, but we're going to be printing this string backwards in one line. So what I'm thinking about is first it's most similar to this one because I do want to print out horizontally. So I think all the rest of them are printing horizontally. I probably should have clarified that. But notice we're printing the string backwards. So what we need to do here is kind of play around with this for loop. So we're not starting at zero anymore. We're starting at 25 because that's the index of the last letter. Now, so instead of going up, we're going down. So 25, 24, 23, 22, 21, 20, blah, blah, blah, down to zero. So I want to keep doing this while i is greater than or equal to zero. So once it gets to negative one, I want to stop. And that's the only changes we need to make for this. Notice this and this is still i and i plus one. That's 25, 26, 24, 25, 23, 24, et cetera, et cetera. So the order here doesn't change. The only place I change is here. Let's go ahead and compile that. And I got an error. Did I do wrong there? accidentally? Oops. Let's go ahead and compile that. Right. And you see now we have z through a backwards. Now again, what if I added a bob here? I run that I still get z through a because now the length is different. So we'll leave Bob there. Sorry. And what, so what I do here is something similar. If I do text dot length, and this is what a lot of beginners do. They do text dot length, and then they run it and then they get an error because the length is now 29. But the index of this b is 28. So I just need to put minus one there. So when it was 26 letters, z was 25. So 26 minus one. So I can use a little bit of math there to you know, simplify it so that no matter what string I put, it's going to print it backwards. Let's get rid of Bob there. So of these problems, this is the only one where we're printing backwards. But what I hope you can realize from this one is the starting point has changed. The way we increment is changed. Instead of incrementing up by one, we're incrementing down by one. And the condition has also changed. Okay, up here, it was less than down here, it was greater than. So while it's greater than or equal to zero, keep doing up here, as long as we're going up, if it's less than the text length, keep going. And this condition is really, really important. Now, number four, create a loop to print every other letter horizontally. Now, I've already got code to print horizontally. And this is why I said to do these in order.  I'm going to compile it and run it, make sure it's working. Okay, so you can see, I've got this. Now you have to read the question. It says, create a loop to print every other letter. So what that means zero, two, four, six, eight, et cetera, et cetera. So the only change I need to make here is plus equals two. So instead of going zero, one, two, three, four, I'm going zero, two, four, six, et cetera. Let's compile that and run it. And you'll see here, it says I had a great time on excursion. I made this exercise after going on excursion with the students or my students, I should say. Yeah. Okay. Number four, that was number four, number five, this one's a little bit more complicated. It says, create a loop that prints only the capital letters. Again, we're printing horizontally. But notice we now have a condition. So when we have a condition, we're going to need an if statement. So I only want to print capital letters. So the question now is how do I determine if a letter is capital? And here's how about a simple way of doing it at least. So if letter dot equals letter dot two upper case, oops, capital C, parentheses, extra parentheses, parentheses, need a lot of parentheses there. Okay, so don't mess that up. See, there's a lot of them at the end. And that's it. Okay. So if, so for example, if capital, does capital H equal capital H to uppercase? Yes. Because uppercase transforms this to uppercase. Does lowercase r equal uppercase uppercase r? No, of course it doesn't. So it doesn't do anything. So if I compile that, print it, it says Hiroshima is a beautiful city. So I actually went on excursion to Hiroshima with my students. Hiroshima is a very beautiful city, by the way. If you visit, I definitely recommend it. So real quick, we're still iterating. We're still going through every single letter one at a time, starting at zero, going all the way to the end. But we're only printing letters that are uppercase. Now you might see here, you see how it prints an exclamation mark. There is no lowercase exclamation mark. There is no uppercase exclamation mark per se. They're the same character. So that's why they always equal each other. Spaces, the same thing. There's no uppercase space, lowercase space. They're the same thing. That's why spaces and punctuation are printed out. Only lowercase letters are filtered out because they don't equal their uppercase counter part. And the last one, very, very similar to this one. I'm just going to go ahead and copy this because we're still looking at capital letters and we're looking at not capital letters. We're still starting at the beginning. We're still going all the way to the end. We're still going by one. So this part doesn't change. This is a very standard type of thing that you see in computer science problems. I'm still pulling out the letter. I'm not printing capital letters. I'm saying count capital letters and count lowercase letters. So you're just reading the instructions. Count the number of capital letters and the number of lowercase letters. I've already created two variables, one called capitals and one called lowercase, to keep track of that information. So any time you need to keep track of the information, you're going to need a variable to keep track to store that information. Notice I put this outside of the loop because when it starts at zero, but I'm going to be changing it in here. So if it's a capital, I'm going to increment capitals by one. Kind of makes sense. Now it's either capital or lowercase in this example. So I'm going to use an else statement. And I'll put lowercase. And then a lot of, again, at beginners at this point, a lot of them will, okay, I got it. I'll compile it. And then they'll say, oh, it doesn't work. Okay, well, no, it's working perfectly. You just didn't print. Now notice we don't want to print, you know, every single time we only want to print once all of the letters have been counted. So I'm going to print this outside of the loop.  And I'm going to compile it, run it. And we get 19 capitals and 30 lowercase letters. The end. So the key thing you need to watch for these types of problems is which way are we iterating? Are we starting at the beginning and going to the end? Are we starting at the end and going to the beginning? Are we iterating one by one? So plus one, plus, you know, a to b, b to c, or zero to one, one to two, are we going down 25 to 24, 24 to 23? So that part gives you this here. In some cases, we were iterating by twos, okay, prints every other letter. In this case, we iterated by two. And then in some cases, we're only printing capital letters. So we have a condition that we need to satisfy. So we need to check for. And then type of question here is a question where we count something based on some condition. In this case, if it's uppercase, we count it as a capital. Otherwise, we count it as lowercase. And then finally, we print the result out after the loop. Again, this is a very, these are very basic, yet very common, you know, techniques that you'll be using, particularly in AP for taking AP. Okay, thanks for watching and keep on coding.


Live from Toronto, Canada, it's theCUBE. Covering Blockchain Futurist Conference 2018. Brought to you by theCUBE. Hello, welcome back to theCUBE. We're live here in Toronto for the untraceable Blockchain Futurist Conference with two days of wall-to-wall coverage. I'm John Furrier, my co-host Dave Vellante who's had to take a step away. And our next guest is David Johnson, who's the chairman of the board at Factum, an industry legend. He's done a lot of great work from startups. He funds it in early days. Really was involved in the original DApp, decentralized application framework and part of that community. Great to have you on theCUBE. Thanks for spending the time with us. It's good to be here. So first of all, we are believers. theCUBE, our team, we're pretty biased. We think that decentralized applications is going to be the next really renaissance in software and startups because it's not your grandfather's venture capital or app SaaS model. There's a real change going on. Capital formation, entrepreneurial activity. So congratulations for putting that together. What's going on? What's the status of this? I mean, obviously put all the price crashes on the side. There's real building going on. Yeah, it's really actually an exciting time. A lot of good projects have started the last few years. And I think what we're going to see is those projects come to fruition later this year, early next. I think about what's happening with groups like Polymath and what they're doing on tokenizing securities. They really started that wave last year and now we've got Bank to the Future and what's going on in Malta with the legislation. A lot of jurisdictions are looking to basically embrace that model of, okay, if you have a company, now we can turn that equity into a record on the blockchain and really give people global ledger where we can trade it on multiple exchanges. It gets you global access, global liquidity and all of these advantages. So I see a stampede of projects headed towards that model but thinking about decentralized applications, what I want to preserve is still the permissionless nature of this ecosystem. I mean, I wasn't a rich investor when I got into Bitcoin in 2012, right? I was lucky to be an economics nerd and already want to get rid of my fiat and opt into non-government currency. And so the timing was great for me but there weren't any barriers. I could download a node, I could access the ecosystem, I could jump right in and get involved. And so as we see the ecosystem mature, what I hope we see is preserving that permissionless nature and recently I proposed smart drops as a means of distributing tokens and utilities or currencies as a way of bootstrapping the network. So that's what I really see coming next. Love the smart drop concept because with smart contracts and airdrops kind of being wishy-washy, you know, it goes on there. I think one of the things I want to get your thoughts on because we were at the cloud blockchain event yesterday, cloud computing and cloud native change SaaS applications. You started to see operators now be involved in cloud as that matures. What decentralized applications bring it kind of changes the game a bit. How do you see software development changing? Because what cloud did was gradient DevOps culture certainly leverages open source. And there's a big community around that. Now with decentralized application you got communities that active part of it. So is open source. How is it going to change the software development frameworks? Well, I think you can cut out a lot of the middle steps and go directly to developers that you want to work with. I mean, I think Ethereum really still set the gold standard when they set aside a chunk of Ether for developers that contributed code to their GitHub before launch. And people will forget now it was a heavy lift to get Ethereum launched. It took a good year and a half, two years to go from a white paper to production net deployments. In that time, they needed to align people, the smartest people in the world to try to build that platform. And so I think people can still draw from that lesson and say, okay, I'm going to reward developers directly. I'm going to reward the people that download the alpha, download the beta, right? Bootstrap this community to my first thousand, first 10,000 users. I think Polymath did that really well recently with their airdrop where they got 50,000 people into a Telegram channel and fill out a survey and do the KYC because they didn't make it a rounding error. They made it a meaningful airdrop of hundreds of dollars worth of poly at the time. And that really motivated people to get involved. Yeah, and I like the slogan, let the stampede begin. Obviously we covered Polymath at their Polycon event that Tracy and Untraceable did. And this is again, the new dynamics. So I want to get your thoughts on economics, right? So you got crypto, which is choking economics, which is a business concept. When you think about a new way, blockchain certainly plumbing and infrastructure. Choken economics is changing the business landscape. So you saw it as an economics nerd.  I can change the equation and still get the outcomes I want, faster, cheaper, smarter, of something that's not efficient. This is a new dynamic. How do you see the token economics evolving? Aside all the liquidity, nonsense we're seeing in the market, certainly fluctuations are happening. But from a build out standpoint, from a business model innovation, where's the action on token economics? Well, I loved when Vitalik coined the term token economics and crypto economics. And basically what he was describing is, we're using math to secure the past and we're aligning people's economic incentives to secure the future. So that idea that we can rely on encryption to give us a stable, immutable, transparent ledger is really powerful because it takes away, in the cloud context, the need to create a bunch of infrastructure. Before the cloud, people had their own servers. Provision them. .com days, they spent millions of dollars provisioning their own hardware. Before they could roll out their app. Right, and so we take it for granted today, you can jump on AWS or Rackspace and get going in a few minutes. So I think blockchain is going to do something similar for all the features of smart contracts, financial integrations around transfer of money. All of these things are now a toolkit that as soon as I hook into Ethereum or Bitcoin Cash or one of these protocols, I have this large established infrastructure. Thousands of people running nodes that I don't have to pay for as a user. And that's amazing for innovation because it just lowers the barrier for the average guy to get involved. And accelerates time to value, big time. All right, so what was your talk here at the show? What were you speaking about? You had a discussion, what was the speech about? I'm really focused on this idea of smart drops because I think, you know, this can be a primary, sure, sure. So most people are probably familiar with AirDrops. Been around for years, hey, you want to give 100,000 users of Bitcoin some of your new token, we're going to send it out to all their addresses. It was sort of like a spray and pray strategy, very broad, right? And so what I think we need to move through now that we have 50 million people with crypto wallets is we can much more intelligently target who we're dropping to, hence smart drop, right? Really focus in on the people that the app needs. If you're at the development stage, you want to AirDrop to 1,000 Ethereum developers to test out your app. If you're going into your alpha, you need those early adopters to try it out, give you feedback. So it's a thing that I think we can leverage, but people have created a story that's afterthought, right, oh, I'll take 1% of my tokens and do one of these AirDrops. I think we could actually be distributing 20, 40, 60% of tokens via smart drops if you're properly targeting them and tranching it out based on the maturity of the projects. Yeah, and I think smart contracts and smart drops really add value because it brings intelligence to, and targeting and we're value, and you can distribute, it's like policy-based distribution. Right. All right, final question for you. State of the Union, I see people seeing this fluctuations, Ethereum lost its one year value, it's back down to where it was a year ago. Wilderness Developer Community, people get nervous when you have these short-term fluctuations that really aren't based on anything from a build-out standpoint, it's really more market dynamics, Asia, wherever, whatever, but this real builders in the developer community going on that are building long-term, trying to build long-term ventures. Right. What do you say to that community of Ethereum and others, stay the course, don't waver, don't check the price, head down, grind it? What do you say? What I say is think long-term. We've been through this like four times already. I remember when Bitcoin went from almost nothing to $30 and crashed to $2, right? And it took almost a year to recover, 2012, get back to 10 bucks, and then it made its big run 2013 to 250, and proceeded to crash to $50, right? And then make a big run thereafter to a thousand and crashed to 200. And here we've made an enormous run to 19,000 on the Bitcoin price, and it's crashed to 6,000 or 5,000 whatever it is today. And so you got to keep in mind the long-term perspective. We've come so far. Like when I got into Bitcoin in 2012, it was $10 a Bitcoin. There were 10 million Bitcoins in circulation, meaning $100 million was the entire digital currency universe. And now today there are hundreds of billions of dollars of assets in this space, and it's only been five or six years. Like it's orders of magnitude. So I keep my eye on usage, on real utility.  People are using the platform. I think at this point they've got more usage than all other blockchains combined. And so, you know, that's really exciting. And I think keep your head down, keep building. These are the times when sort of like the fluff falls away and the projects that didn't make sense, all that gets flushed out of the ecosystem and the real projects come before. David, you're on a great career so far. Congratulations on getting in in early when it's $10. And we had, our first website developer was so good, but he wanted to be paid in Bitcoin in 2011. It was 22 cents at the time. I remember buying it as like, what was Bitcoin? What is this craziness? We started covering it then, just started doing videos. So we're going to do more interviews, hopefully get you on again. Real quick, final plug for you. What are you working on right now? Share with the community some of the projects and your interest right now, what's going on? Well, Factum is a big focus for me because this solves data on the blockchain and lets you do record keeping, documentation, all that sort of stuff. And so that's really hit a chord with enterprise. So we need to get the mainstream into the ecosystem and that's really what Factum has focused on. So really excited. They've delivered their third version of their software which is now fully decentralized recently. It's a huge milestone for them. So harden it, make it reliable, stable and make it easy to consume and use. That's right. That's the key. You let people put millions, billions or trillions of records on and what Factum does with Merkle trees, basically you only need one transaction every 10 minutes to anchor all of that data. So what we've created is scalability and that's what we need for this to go mainstream. All right, David Johnson, chairman of the board at Factum here on theCUBE, industry, insider, pioneer, also leader, inspiration. theCUBE bringing you all the live action, all the data here, not yet on the blockchain. Soon to be, I'm John Furrier, live coverage here in Untraceable's event, Futurist's event here in Toronto. We'll be back with more. Stay with us. We'll be right back with more content after this short break.


Number one says a 1,300 kilogram car is moving east at 30 meters per second And it collides with a 3,200 kilogram truck moving at 20 meter second direction 60 degrees north of east The vehicles interlock Stick together and move off together Find their velocity after the collision Did I just say the word collision Jacob then the first thing I'm going to do is I'm going to go The sum of all the initial momentum Equals the sum of all the final momentum The sum of all the initial momentum equals the sum of all the final momentum By the way, I sent an email out last night with this year's tutorial Which is only about 25 minutes because people didn't ask many questions But I also included a link to last year's which was about an hour and a half long and probably had a lot more questions So check the emails if you haven't already I see a compass mentioned so I'm going to do my traditional routine Now I'm going to read this question Am I going to be able to do this just mathematically by letting to the right be positive? It's the left be negative or is this one going to involve trig because angles are mentioned Angles are mentioned. Okay Before the collision what's moving The car the truck or both both So I'm going to have this Momentum of the car initial Plus momentum of the truck initial Equals bam there's a collision after the collision what's moving the car the truck or both? Both stuck together or separate stuck together as a picture. It's going to look like this car moving east How big well its momentum is mass times velocity I think 39,000. There's a plus sign Truck moving 60 degrees north of east There's east 60 degrees north of east How big is this arrow mass times velocity? 64,000 that equals the final momentum I'm not sure what that's going to look like Connor how do I add two vectors together tip to tail? Okay, so we're going to get this 39,000 64,000 I Think the resultant is that boy right there. I think this is going to be the momentum of both final and Let's see if this angle is 60 degrees. I think this angle here is 120 degrees Now I can bring out the famous cosine law In the interest of time I'm going to take a little shortcut here Thanks, what quiz version did I give you quiz to version two? Momentum quiz to version two answers.  I got a momentum of 90,072 divide by the mass of both To get a speed of 20 point zero that I need to find an angle the angle is right there sign of theta over 64,000 equals sign of 120 over 90,072 cross multiply shift sign 38 degrees north of east or you could also have 52 degrees east of north And I gave out the four marks I gave you one mark if I saw that one mark if you managed yet the momentum one mark for the velocity speed and one Mark for the direction to give it a velocity Test this photocopied. I think there's one written question like this One written question. That's an explosion And then there's one written question that involves both energy and momentum So there's a straight line collision and a change in height So like the ballistic pendulum or the roller coaster rolling down the hill and hitting or something like that number two Pendulum is hanging from a frictionless massless string that is 15 meters long the pendulum weighs 24 kilograms a point zero one five two point four kilograms a point zero one five kilogram bullet traveling at 300 meters per second hits the pendulum and it sticks what height well first of all is a collision momentum and It's a nice straight one line collision It's going to be the mass of the momentum of the bullet equals the momentum of the both of them afterwards mass of the bullet initial velocity of the bullet equals mass both the final The final velocity is going to be the mass of the bullet times the initial velocity of the bullet divided by the mass of both of them And I get a velocity of 2.36 meters per second Then we move to part two which involves Mitchell energies because there's a change in height The amount of kinetic plus the amount of potential initially has to equal the amount of kinetic plus the amount of potential at the end And wonderfully at the end you're stopped so your kinetic is gone Oh, and at the beginning you're on ground level so your potential initial is zero a Half MV initial squared equals gmgh finally a masses cancel You end up with the height equaling vi squared over 2g And you get a height of point two eight four Bonus suppose the pendulum only reaches a height of point one five How many joules of energy were lost to heat and sound so I said okay? I think I'm solving this using energies. I Said now is going to be kinetic initial plus potential initially was kinetic final potential final plus heat whatever I've lost Hey, that's still zero. Hey, that's still zero heat's going to be kinetic initial minus Potential final a half MV initial squared minus mgh final a half MV initial squared Minus mgh final and I got three point one eight joules of heat must have been Created question Connor Which one mass example three a 100 kilogram shell explodes boom into three fragments Fragment a weighs 40 kilograms and flies off at 32 meters per second At a direction 30 degrees north of East Fragment B weighs 25 kilograms and flies off at 48 meters per second In a direction due north Find the velocity of fragment C You'll have to use the sign the cosine law here I'm going to give you an explosion on your test, but it's going to be a nice right angled explosion so you can use so katoa Get the quiz right it So in this case in an explosion I said look my initial momentum was zero so this has to add to zero I'm going to have that momentum Plus that momentum plus whatever this is equals zero and when I say equals zero Sean in vector math What I really mean is draw a triangle that comes back to where it started from This plus this back here I did cosine law and I got a momentum of 21 48 Dividing by the mass and I was able to go 100 minus 40 minus 25 whatever mass left over is 35 I got a speed of 61.4 meters per second The really tricky part here is the angle. I'm not going to give you one quite this yucky but first of all I found theta right there because that's where I'm starting from Theta when I use the sign law ends up being 30 degrees, but that's not a useful angle for me because unfortunately For it to be a useful angle Let's go back to my drawing Theta ends up being 30, but what I really want is this angle here. Oh But wait a minute. I also knew that if that's 30 and this is 120 this also ends up being 30 degrees because I was able to go angles add to a triangle And I was able to say oh, it's a Z. This is also 30 degrees. Hey These two here add to 60 degrees. It wasn't exactly 60. It's almost an isosceles triangle, but quite There's like 60.4 or something like that I'm not going to give you one Caitlyn that yucky for angles. I'll give you one where it's nice silk atone But I'd rather have you find the test easier than the quiz. How many you got the angle there, okay? A couple of you. How many you got the velocity? Okay, like the 61.4. Okay, and number four And all they asked for was the magnitude of the initial velocity. I said, okay Before the collision. What's moving mass one after mass one and mass two draw a picture and it did say The initial velocity what didn't say it was due east so I knew I could draw that this plus this equals that This one was a little bit strange. I could actually because they gave me two angles I was able to say that's 48. That's 48. That's 38. That's 38 I was able to get all three angles in the triangle which meant you could have used cosine law You were fine in using cosine law if you wanted to but because you have a pair You could go straight to sin law, which is just cross multiplying and a bit easier 11.2. I didn't actually go over these I just showed you the answers because I kind of felt like people were doing the hang of getting a hang of this But I will stop now and say any of these ones that you're going. I have no idea what you do it Can you explain the steps better? I'm happy to Well, then add your scores up Out of count them 16 not 12 So I thought I was gonna get 15 out of 12 Out of 16 So the next unit unit 5 Circular motion MAGB quiet, please We're gonna start with a question the question we're gonna ask ourselves is this is it possible for an object to have a constant speed and Yet still be accelerating Yes, or no one convinced me can you have a constant speed and Still be accelerating who says no Connor Can you use calculus? Absolutely Sorry derivative of speed is accelerate derivative of velocity is acceleration. So you guys have by the way Nerdy aside who's in calc? Okay, so what's the derivative of distance? Velocity you learn. Yes. What's the derivative of velocity?  Oh, it's called a jerk What's the derivative of a jerk? so Calculus students Calculus students look up for a second If you have a distance function x You've learned that x prime is velocity quiet, please X double prime is acceleration You guys know what the fourth The fifth and the sixth derivatives of distance are called Physicists have a sense of humor. That's not completely official. That's it may become official, but it's sort of what they're called Answering your question sure Connor. Yeah, but I don't think you need to Can you have a constant speed and yet still be accelerating? I'm gonna tell you the answer is yes and Now I'm gonna say okay if I've told you the answer is yes Can you think of a way that you can be having a constant speed and yet still be accelerating? John then you wouldn't be at a constant speed Brett Brett what? You can because velocity is made up of two things. It's a vector. It has magnitude, but what else does it have? Direction so if the magnitude is not changing What can be changing the direction and acceleration? Nicole was defined as a change in velocity. We never said what that change was in physics 11 It was always a change in magnitude However in physics 12. We're saying. Oh, you know what you could yeah change in Direction, let me give you a great example right now. I Would argue is I'm spinning this around my head It's traveling at a pretty constant speed each time it goes around is taking about the same time. I'm pretty close But I can tell you it's accelerating you know why I feel a force on my hand and I know it has mass and forces mass times what? Force is mass times what? Acceleration or there wasn't acceleration. I wouldn't be feeling a force right Fact any time you're traveling in a circle you are accelerating What we're going to look at in circular motion is constant speed Circles not changing speed circles and so we're rarely Brandon going to look at this one because this one you Travel faster when you're going down and slower when you're traveling up We're not going to look at vertical circles very often Unless it's a static circle a fixed circle like a ferrous wheel that we can look at because that one doesn't speed up and slow down because it's It's not a string But absolutely you can be traveling in a constant speed and have a changing direction Therefore you have an acceleration in fact Brett. Did you figure that out or did you read ahead here and look at this? Because it says right here for an object moving at a constant speed in a circle what we call fancy word Uniform circular motion its velocity is changing because its direction is changing and If the velocity is changing the object must be accelerating because acceleration was defined as a change in velocity And we never said what was changing. We just said it's something had to be changing This is the most important fact to keep in mind about circular motion if you are moving in a circle You're accelerating oh And if you have a mass means of the force the question is what direction? Well to find the direction of the acceleration we have to do some vector subtraction We know this vf equals vi plus at yes Which gives a equals vf minus vi all over t now Brett t is a scalar But these two are vectors. This is where the vector direction for acceleration comes from this minus this How do I subtract two vectors together? It's a trick question. How do I subtract two vectors together? I don't what do I do instead Trevor? I? had the opposite Technical comment. We're also soon soon going to show that our acceleration is not constant because the acceleration is also changing direction That's okay We can find the direction by going this minus this because dividing by time won't change its direction So here is my time-lapse photography picture We're moving in a circle and At one point right here. I was traveling this way and then a split second later. I was traveling this way Let's subtract these two vectors So it's going to be the final minus the initial that's going to be the same as the final Plus negative the initial here's the final Now the initial was this way negative the initial Would be like that and we get our direction for acceleration Mitsu if you're moving in a circle, you know what direction you're accelerating towards the center See it in fact if I'd really done this with like a computer software program It would be pointing directly dead center if you're moving in a circle Katie You're accelerating towards the middle and that's very very counterintuitive for us that bugs us because most of us think When we're moving in a circle whether on a merry-go-round at a playground or in a car That's turning a corner or on the scrambler or music express rides at Playland We think we're accelerating outwards or not when you're moving in a circle You're accelerating inwards example three a Ball on a frictionless tabletop is rolled along a circular track track as seen below top view The track is not a complete circle. It's had a chunk cut out of it So the ball rolls this far and then when it gets to here It leaves the track. Which path does the ball follow after leaving the track a or b or c a? Path a due to the fact the ball has circular momentum Which keeps it moving in a circular path for a while after it leaves the track Path B since there is no force from the track so the ball should go in a straight line or Path C since when the track is no longer applying a force of the ball the ball will fly outwards Once again, we're going to vote once again. How high you hold your hand is how sure you are of the answer Who says path eight? One two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen Who says path B? One two three four Who says path C? Convince me that you're right or that someone else is wrong Let's replace the track with a string this If I cut the string so let's freeze frame it imagine we freeze frame it with this right here And I were to cut the string Would these keep going in a circle around my head? No, Katie. Which way would they travel? They'd hit Brandon Square on the head or if I cut the string when it was right here Mitsu they hit you in the head or Emory they Don't want to keep going in a circle. You have to apply a force to move them in a circle So if these wouldn't keep going in a circle when I cut a string Does that help you revise your answer what you think might be the correct answer for this track a or B or C? Knows you that voted a is a very common misconception. First of all Here's the ball right here Top view what are the forces on it get the obvious ones? Gravity would be going into the page There will be a normal force out of the page. Those would cancel each other out. Is there friction? Okay, are there any other forces acting on it? Emily if there's no other forces acting on it, how can it change direction? How can it accelerate? It would have to keep going Newton's first in a straight line at a constant speed B The problem is this The problem is most of you your experience with circular motion is going around a corner quickly in a car So why is it that the acceleration is inwards when the push that we experience in the car seems to be outwards? The answer is the push is actually an inertial effect. It's your mass When we are turning in the car the friction with the road turns the car and The friction with the seat turns our lower body, but our head which initially has no forces acting on it Wants to keep going in a nice straight line and You have to then exert a force using your neck on your upper torso and head to get it to move to the center But you don't realize that you think you're getting pushed outwards and you're creating a force reacting to that push outwards you think you're not You want to keep going in a straight line and the car is moving out from underneath you So you've got to push inwards to match the car which is moving inwards. That makes sense Not the way we feel it, but that's what's going on Also, you may remember I've said to you a few times our bodies are backwards accelerometers If you're ever on a ride or in a car whatever way you feel like you're being pushed I guarantee you the acceleration is in the opposite direction. How many been on the elevator before? Okay When it launches you upwards Which way does your stomach feel like it's going? Downwards, but which way are you clearly accelerating? Upwards when it goes downwards, which way do you feel like you're going to fly?  Forwards, but which way are you clearly accelerating when you come to a stop? I gotta be accelerating backwards, right? So when in doubt go with the opposite of which way you feel that comes in handy when we go to playland in a couple of months so From the point of view of the driver inside the car this straight line motion seems to be outwards towards the passenger side door in Fact I think I told a number of you back in the 1950s ask your grandparents about that's your grandfather about this Back when they had bench seats and No seat belts You're going on a date with your lady What you would do is you would take surfers wax and you would wax the passenger seat and then you would sit like this and You would take a very quick right corner and she would come sliding across the seat into your arm and you oh hi honey How are you doing? Now that's not what was happening in actual fact She was continuing going in a nice straight line and you were turning the car underneath her But because your frame of reference was the car you didn't realize that ask your grandparents I've had I've said this told the story a few times now and almost every year I've had someone come back and my grandfather actually admitted to doing that Okay, the reason this is important is Because of bad physics It's because of at least 16 of you Here is the bad physics this discussion is important because many years of experience in a car lead most students to believe that there is an Outwards force in fact people even gave it a name. They talk about Centrifugal force with an F centrifugal force and centrifugal force is not a force at all. It's inertia Which refers to this apparent outwards push. There's even machines called centrifuges which use this force. It's not a force It's inertia. I Hope you'll agree with me Brandon a bird's-eye view confirms that the outwards push is not outwards But actually in a straight line and not a force It's just your mass wanting to keep going if Newton's first law your mass wants to keep going in a straight line at a state speed Furthermore our vector analysis done previously shows us that the acceleration and therefore the force are actually inwards When you're moving in a circle your net force is towards the center You can take that to the bank every time how many you've gone a little playground merry-go-round Okay, which way do you feel like you're about to get pushed when the merry-go-round goes fast? I've just told you your bodies are backwards accelerometers Which way are you actually accelerating them in inwards and in fact It's your mass wanting to keep going in a straight line when you lean out and hold the bar You're actually having to exert the force inwards because you're having to pull with your arms to keep yourself from flying off into space And it's not that there's a force pushing you out. It's you're having to create the force to push you inwards example for If fighter pilots move too fast into a loop they can become unconscious due to a lack of blood flow to the brain Sometimes this is called centrifugal force. They say that the blood has rushed to their feet That is not correct. So here's your Luke. Here's your pilot sitting Okay, there's my stick figure diagram. It's about as good as you're gonna get Brett live with it Which way does his blood want to keep going? What does Newton's first law say his blood wants to keep going in a nice straight? What nice straight line The plane applies a force in this direction, but his blood wants to keep going in a nice straight line And because it's liquid it can somewhat keep going in a nice straight line so that when he gets to here Even though we say the blood has pooled in his legs What's really happened is the blood has stayed where it wants to his body has moved up away from his blood If I'm really gonna be technical his brain has moved away from his blood and that's why he's blacking out in World War two and I need to double check this I've tried to double check the story my physics prof told me this World War two in the Battle of Britain There was a pilot who crashed and he lost both of his legs below the knee But there was such a shortage of pilots and because he was healthy otherwise and they were desperate They rigged up a plane they put longer pedals on it because he was still able to fly his hands were fine And he would go and he would fly and what he would do is he would get the German pilots to file fuck come right behind him He would dive down and pull up sharply But because he had no legs more of the blood would stay in his break Sorry because he had no legs There was less room for the blood to keep going in a straight line more of it would stay in his brain And so of course pilots all having a huge ego the German pilot would say well He could do it I can follow them because there's no reason why I would black out if he didn't black out And the pilots would follow him into the dive. He would pull up. They would black out and they would crash And in fact it reached the point where the pilots have memorized what his plane looked like and what his number was and they would Radio each other don't follow them into that dive. We don't know what's going on here, but he can do something We can't it's why fighter pilots can't be tall But you know who makes the best fighter pilots females Because females on average are shorter It's why fighter pilots also though wear those G suits if you ever watch a pilot when they're taking huge G's when they're doing a Loop what they're doing is they're tightening every muscle in their abdomen and in their legs because by tightening the muscles You're constricting the blood vessels. They're trying to push or prevent the blood from pooling in their legs Okay, shorter you are the easier it is and the the fighter pilots have suits that are designed when the G forces increase They actually have inflatable cuffs like a tourniquet that inflates and cuts off the blood flow to your lower body Forcing the blood to stay up here. There's a reason if you ever see fighter pilots either on TV or an interview None of them are in bad shape You can't be fat and out of shape because if you're fat and out of shape There's too much room for the blood to go down here and you'll black out. So how can we calculate circular acceleration? To be honest, the proof is a bit long. I'm just gonna give it to you. What letter do we use for acceleration? To show that it's centripetal or circular acceleration. I put a little subscripted C Well, and it's not a vector equation. It's a scalar equation. I know the direction. You know what the direction is towards center and It's equal to Your circular velocity squared divided by the radius V squared over R, but I want to distinguish that V to say oh, it's It's the speed connor that I'm traveling in this circle. However fast I'm going Kara the next logical question is okay, mr. Do it. I'm pretty sure I know what R is radius How do I find circular velocity? Well Velocity is distance over time If we're going at a constant velocity and we did say we're going at a constant velocity because we said our acceleration Is due to the inwards motion, but we're not changing the velocity What's the distance around a circle math 12 who did radians yesterday may remember? What's the equation for the distance around a circle the circumference? Okay?  It's called the period Does somebody have a formula sheet handy in front of them Brett you do is this on the formula sheet Can you look for me under circular motion and gravitation? No, no, no Is Vc is velocity on the formula sheet? No, this you need to know But I just showed you how you can derive it This is on the formula sheet V squared over R and yes, I know there's another expression that we're gonna look at in a second Where the speed here is the circular speed.  Well, some of this we can get what's two squared What's two squared? What's pi squared just plain old pi squared? What's R squared? Well, how many Rs are on top? To how many Rs are on the bottom? One you're gonna have one R left behind and a T on the bottom This is your second equation for circular acceleration. There are two equations Kara V squared over R or two pi squared R over T squared When do we use mr. Doek? I use this one if I know how fast we're traveling I use this one if I know how long it took to go around once Yes, thank you Kara fix that T squared. Good gosh For pi squared R over T squared. These are the two equations that are on your formula sheet I've got a bit of a problem What letter is that right there Matt? What letter is that right there if I wanted to turn acceleration into a force What do I have to multiply an a by to turn an acceleration into a force? Mass, you know what the most common mistake is because these equations are so complicated kids have F equals 4 pi squared R over No, that's F equals a what have they forgotten they've forgotten to put an M in front of it So that's one thing we'll talk about and I'll yell at you That's one of the common mistakes kids think this is a force notes acceleration to change it into a force better Put an M in front of it By the way a concept closely related to period is the frequency We define the frequency is the number of cycles per second The unit cycle per second is also known as one Hertz For what it's worth Period is how many seconds to go around once? Frequency is to go around once and how many seconds they're reciprocals of each other Period is one over the frequency Frequency is one over the period example six an Object is moving at four meters per second in uniform circular motion Can you all right now underline the phrase uniform circular motion? It accelerates at two meters per second squared for three seconds find a the final speed d the distance travel a a V final is four point zero meters per second No, mr. Deweyck. That's v initial notes v final But mr. Deweyck, there's an acceleration. What direction is the acceleration if we're moving in a circle toward the center What did we say uniform circular motion meant stay on this page? We defined uniform circular motion as So there was an acceleration, but Brianna that was to throw you well No, it wasn't to throw you off that it was to tell you that you're moving in a circle and you're accelerating towards the center But your speed is not changing Your speed is not changing You'll notice I left the vector off the direction is changing in fact You know what your direction your speed is always it's always perpendicular to the radius Your speed right now is that way your speed right there is that way your speed right there is that way your speed right there Is that way it's always traveling oh? I can use a math 11 word tangent to the radius remember your tangent lines and all that from math 11 B asks for the distance traveled D equals Vt Mr. Deweyck, what about plus a half at squared? The a is towards the center. It's not in the same direction of the speeds. I cannot use them in the same expression The distance traveled is going to be four times three It's going to have traveled Exactly 12 meters in a circle. I'm looking at this here, and I think I meant to put it in This box here it says since ac equals v squared over r and vc equals 2 pi r over t We can substitute vc into a and we get ac equals 4 pi squared r over t squared where t is the period that's the time to go once around and r is The radius it's okay to write it twice Technical comment in uniform circular motion of this range situation The object is moving at a constant speed, but it's also accelerated Because direction is changing The acceleration direction is changing all the time right now the acceleration is kind of down and left right now The acceleration is up and left. It's always towards the center But because you're moving around the circle the direction towards the center is changing all the time This means unfortunately we can't use these anymore We have to use circular acceleration and circular velocity speed What's your homework? You're going to find in this unit. You're going to be using the data sheet an awful lot Finally so on your formula sheet the back page has all sorts of data You want to look at it has the mass of the earth the radius of the earth the radius of the sun's orbit the radius of the sun the Radius of the moon's orbit the radius of me all the stuff that we need to do that Oh, it has the period of the earth. Oh What is the period for the earth to go around once? How long to take the earth to revolve around itself once you know all know this 24 hours you can convert that to seconds. What's the period to go around the sun? Well, it's 365 days, but it's not quite exact I think they actually give you the period in seconds on your sheet and that includes the Quarter of the day leap year thingy that doesn't work out. Okay Find the for number one on the earth on the equator the frequency the speed You're traveling on the equator and the inwards acceleration required for that to occur Same for the moon Same for the Sun number four says examine how the spin cycle on a washing machine works to partially dry clothes and Part of this question got chopped off. Mr. Dewey It was supposed to ask which way does the water move if you actually look at the spin cycle The water does not move this way if you look at it very closely. The water is always moving 90 degrees to the radius because that's what direction your speed is Sorry, I guess I'm gonna have to nuke number four because I didn't somehow copy it properly Five is good Seven is good Eight nine. We're gonna pause there


What's going on guys? It's your boy dpj here today of another destiny video and today we have top five Freak out reactions of the week now headphone users be warned actually everybody be warned people in this video be screaming real Lad so you may just want to turn down that volume just a little bit. I am serious But if you do enjoy the video do drop a like I'd appreciate the support Thanks for stopping by as always and I'll catch you on that next one Cut you know, you know you cut my lip right Oh, how'd you cut your lip today? I'm done John. I just got the longbow John. I just got the longbow Oh, I'm done. I'm done. I'm done Please All right, Drew here we go And get some of that from the freaking um, crypt art from loving him up.  All right, Drew and for strange coins. Give me the countdown. All right please Please give me the day drive. All right. I don't know if it's anything else. I just want something. That's like 435 something Okay, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 Oh Turning no imagine if I get the jade rabbit I can't breathe


Let's face it, our inherent difficulties in social interaction can put us in very, very compromising positions, it's just the truth. Hello and welcome to my YouTube channel, my name is Thomas Henley and I make a lot of videos on autism, mental health and dating, neurodiverse relationships. Today our topic is autism, confrontation and bullying. Few heart-hitting things there, particularly around the bullying, so if you feel like this is going to be too much of a sensitive video for you, please feel free to click off, watch some of my other stuff. So I first want to go through a number of things that could make confrontation something that we really struggle with. These are going to be things particularly from personal experience but also from listening to other autistic individuals. Number one, meltdowns and shutdowns. Of course these are going to drastically reduce our ability to communicate, manage emotions and function and that this takes precedent in every single situation in life and it could be in a situation perhaps where you're at school or in the workplace or out doing your stuff in daily life and people are being confrontational with you. Sometimes that could just be enough, you know if your mental health is that bad, you're in a burnout, your anxiety is high, your paranoia is high, it could be enough to tip you over the edge into shutdown or a meltdown. Number two, dealing with nasty people. Mean spirited people in general can be hard to manage, that's why we have the laws, that's why we have policies and practices and rules. The thing is is that these people, these toxic people, they don't care about the rules, they just care about numero one which apparently is themselves. The difficulty here is that there is no explicit rules of conducting yourself in these situations. Just opinions, you may ask one person, you may ask a really old school dad, you know, you're asking what do I do with someone's bullying me, they might say you need to him, you need to show them that you're dominant, you need to crush them, you know. Then he might go over and you ask someone else and they say well just try to pacify them, just try to make sure that you don't escalate things, just try and get out of that situation. Another person might say go run, another person might say oh if someone looks at you bad you should pop first, you should pop, pop them, get rid of them. So there's a lot of conflicting information on this and because it's not a deafener, because it's not concrete and it's very situational to situational basis, it's hard to give or hold good guidelines to how to conduct yourself in those situations. Another aspect to it is lack of eye contact and closed body language. This can be a really big indicator that someone's anxious and not self confident. It may not be the case for you as an autistic individual, you may be very very confident but you just don't like giving eye contact and you may just feel like you just naturally more rest in quite a closed body language position. It could be an indicator of anxiety, it could be an indicator of low self-esteem and people are aware of that, people take advantage of that and this non-verbal communication can give people the impression that you're not confident and that you won't retaliate. Now that could be something that sounds quite good but it's important for other people to recognize that there is a danger to bullying you, to confronting you, you need to try and hold you ground, or at least in my opinion, and all of these two concepts in conjunction can make you a pretty prime target for a lot of nasty people, especially in a wide open group situation like a school. There's also another aspect of infantilization, so if someone knows that you're autistic or just you know knows you, they may think that you act quite childish, you act quite immature, you don't really understand social things and while this may be just a consequence of us having lower social emotional or slower social emotional development, but it's mostly down to people interpreting our different way of being as non-conformity or being different because your views and way of feeling and looking at things and thinking about things are so different to theirs, they may see it as a sign of immaturity because they are also immature at that age. It could also be with adults, some adults really do have some kind of superiority complex as we know with the dark-dried traits but it's all in all the you know these things that I've talked about the infantilization, the lack of eye contact and closed body language as well as not having explicit rules of how to engage with people who are being confrontational and the possibility of meltdowns and shutdowns, we can be quite vulnerable to bullies, to nasty people, to toxic people, to evil people. Okay I got a bit carried away of myself. So here's the thing, I'm not ashamed to say that I was subjected to quite extensive amounts of emotional and physical bullying at school or around school, it's just something that happened, I was young, I was vulnerable, I didn't know what what isn't meant for me, I didn't know what I was, I didn't understand other people so it kind of left me in a tough situation and I developed quite a lot of mental health conditions because of that, it's not the only thing but it was a really big player in that. The absolute best thing that I did for myself is to get into a combat sport. I started with Taekwondo, it was very chilled, very relaxed, very focused on like the movements and looking flashy and stuff for the first two years until I decided to take it to an actual competitive level just to compete in it as a sport and Taekwondo really allowed me to channel what of that anger and self-hate that I'd bottled up inside from years and years of bullying. It helped so much with that, it gave me a direction with the bullying I felt like I had to close myself off to try and appear invisible whereas going into combat sports I could almost visualize the difficulties that I was experiencing onto my opponents and beat them up. I always find it so funny talking about martial arts and in positive likes, it sounds so alien and cruel and awful but they're trying to do it to me as well, don't get that wrong, it's a consensual agreement. So with that new found confidence that I got from combat sports I was able to stand up for myself and my friends. Nowadays I don't feel scared when other people cross my boundaries without asking or you know intentionally trying to cross my boundaries to annoy me or upset me or diss me or anything like that and now I calmly assert them. I don't get fearful, I don't back down, I don't engage physically, I don't just punch them out of the blue because they annoy me but in my adult life I've been able to cultivate a strong sense of non-reactivity and self-confidence and it's helped me hold hold my own a lot in adult life even if it's not such a confrontational thing like a fight or someone you know that you don't really know just coming up to you and getting all angry and up in your face and stuff. It's in all areas of life and that sort of self-imbuilt confidence in yourself can be really really helpful. Now not everybody wants the combat sports and I don't think everybody's right for it, I don't think it can help everybody, I think it can help a lot of people and it can be a very stressful difficult thing to do. Worth it, definitely in my books even coming from someone who has had severe anxiety, paranoia, low self-esteem, everything like that had a massive impact on me positively but if you're looking for ways to build up an idea of what to do I definitely try to learn some non-verbal body language. I want you to try and firstly you need to try and take control of your emotional state and advocate for your needs if someone asks you to go to the bar or to the club and you are very very in a very very vulnerable state it's probably going to lead to some difficult situations where you have meltdowns or shutdowns and sometimes people can react very badly to that and see it as an opportunity. So you need to advocate for yourself and take the time when you need it go do social things when you feel able. Dealing with nasty people you know that as I said there's a lot of lots of opinions on that and I don't want to be liable for if you go along and punch someone in the face so I'm not going to make any recommendations on that front although I would really really consider looking around researching it trying to get a good picture of how to how to approach these types of situations in a way that feels normal and natural for you and it's impossible you know if someone's a big dude loads and loads of muscle gets up in you up in your face or you get your face up in their chest that sounds weird you know it's not always the case that you can intimidate them and you have to think about whether you might just want to try and just distinguish the situation or lower the tension or you know there's lots of different ways that you can do that it doesn't always have to be or someone stepped up to me how dare they step up to me right I'm gonna fight them and show them how big dog I am it doesn't have to be like that and a lot of fighters uh not all of them but a lot of fighters that I've known they don't have that mentality they they go with the non-reactivity and the calm confidence and I think that's a lot more conducive to be to the autistic mind because naturally tend to be a bit more introverted so cultivating that introverted confidence you can imagine is going to help a lot last thing is lack of eye contact and closed body language you what you have my permission to make more eye contact if someone's being confrontational you should not lower it if someone's not breaking eye contact with you either you need to break it now and again you don't have to be completely intensely staring at them all the time sometimes that can make some people a bit more riled up but in general making solid eye contact stronger than usual than usual for most neurotypicals um it's probably 80 percent of the time you probably a lot ties with them 20 percent of the time you're not kind of feel very painful kind of feel very um hard and difficult but if you're in that situation you need to try and protect yourself another example of that would be closed body language um that's something that you can work on in the long term overall if someone's um posturing up against you it's always important to have confident body language you don't have to puff your chest out and like like shoulder badge people and stuff like that you could just stand a little straighter you could pull your shoulders back you could straighten your gaze a bit more you could um perhaps be a bit more open with your body language in your hands and the way that you sit if you feel like you're in a in a difficult situation so there's those things that you can do and sadly the infantilization aspect of it is not really something that you can solve it's just something that happens in our society they see us as disabled people so naturally a disability around social communication and sensory things and thought they're going to think right they don't know anything that they're talking about so it's better not to take that as what it is um obviously if you're in a confrontation or thing you can't really do much about it in in general to me that's in general infantilization is a bloody awful thing but I hope that my advice is something that you'd be able to take on board and maybe if you don't feel like my suggestions really hold any weight at least you will feel a little bit less alone in feeling absolutely clueless when it comes to confrontation in the real world I found a lot of utility in confrontation in a controlled manner confrontation in a manner where both parties are willingly engaged which is combat sports but that's just something that's helped me so I hope you have enjoyed this episode and if you want to see more from me maybe you want to see the whole write-up over on my instagram tomashanleyuk at tomashanleyuk and go check out my website tomashanley.co.uk and if you want to stay up to date with more things make sure to like subscribe the podcast is out season two lots of juicy guests coming on juicy guests don't know if I should say that cool guests informative guests inspirational guests so go check that out that's available on all podcasting platforms as well as youtube right on here yes of course and uh yeah see you in another episode on the tomashanley youtube channel see you later folks