I'm wearing a mask. Is this a delusional act? Am I delusional? There are quite a few people who deny the existence of the virus, or even that there is a pandemic going on. And the vast majority of humanity would disagree with them, and so they would consider people who take off their masks to be delusional. Where do we draw the line? How can we tell the difference between delusion and belief? Delusion and hope. Delusion and optimism. How do we know what is normal and what is abnormal? Is it a spectrum? Are these discrete states easily distinguishable? Hope and optimism, for example, should be derived from reality testing from a realistic assessment of the environment, human environment, and natural environment. If hope and optimism and belief derive from a delusion, never mind how widespread this delusion is, then they are pathological. They are unhealthy. And so today I would like to discuss everyday life. Phenomena in everyday life, which could easily be cast as psychopathologies, as mental illness, as forms of sickness, and then ask the question, why do we exempt these behaviors? Why do we as psychologists exempt these behaviors? Why do we give them a pass? Why when we see similar behaviors in other settings, in other cultures, in other contexts, we pathologize them? But we don't when it is in our culture, for example. It's a complex issue and a very touchy and controversial one, and I hope you stay with me to the end because it's going to be a bumpy and ego-dystonic right, guaranteed. Where do we draw the line? Normal people adapt themselves to their environment, human environment, natural environment. Abnormal people, people with mental health problems, do exactly the opposite. They try to adapt the environment to themselves. They don't want to change, they don't change, or they are incapable of changing. So they expect the environment to change. Society, friends, family, the workplace. They have idiosyncratic needs, a unique profile, and they expect everyone around them to mold themselves to fit this profile, like a key and a lock. And when these sick individuals succeed, when they do transform their environment, human environment, their society, or natural environment, when they do this, everything is pathologized. Consider for example Nazi Germany and Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler was a very sick man.  Why? Because it had adopted itself to the profile of Adolf Hitler. So what's the difference between Adolf Hitler and other movers and shakers in human history? What's the difference between him, for example, and Napoleon? Why don't we castigate Napoleon in the same terms that we castigate Adolf Hitler? Where do we draw the line? Before we start, starting with Sigmund Freud and his disciples, there was a new trend, trend of sociobiology. We started to medicalize. We started to pathologize. What was hitherto known as sin, wrongdoing, misbehavior? You see, psychology succeeded religion. Before there was psychology, there was religion. And religion provided inner peace. Religion provided and gave healing. Religion fostered an engendered peace of mind. Religion was a form of impromptu psychology or psychiatry or therapy. Religious was a form of psychotherapy. And so here came Sigmund Freud and he absconded with religions, artifacts. He invaded the territory of religion and he medicalized sin, wrongdoing, and misbehavior. And as the vocabulary of public discourse shifted from religious terms to scientific terms, offensive behaviors that constituted transgressions against the divine or against the social order, these transgressions have been re-labeled. So for example, self-centeredness, disempathic egocentricity, they are known today as pathological narcissism. Criminals used to be criminals, but now they are no longer only criminals. They are also psychopaths. Their behavior, though still described as antisocial, is now attributed to their deprived childhood. It is the deterministic outcome of some genetic predisposition of brain biochemistry, which can arise. And in all this medicalization and pathologizing, it casts in doubt the very existence of free will and free choice between good and evil. Narcissists can say, well, I'm a narcissist. You know what can I do? Psychopaths can say, forgive me, I'm a psychopath. That's who I am. It's my nature. I'm like a virus. I don't mean ill, but I kill. It's very bad for morality. The contemporary science of psychopathology or clinical psychology now amounts to a godless variant of Calvinism, a kind of predestination by nature or predestination by nurture. So what I want to do in today's lecture is to examine five everyday phenomena and how psychology took over and pathologized this phenomena and how it refused to pathology, declined to pathologize. Other phenomena which definitely are pathological and should have been pathologized. And start, of course, how else? With religion. Here's a question. What constitutes an established institution, a religion? And what's the difference between a religion and a cult? Or a cult and a sect? Is it the quantity or the number of followers? Because if it is, we are in trouble. The Mooneys, the unification church, they had four million followers at the peak. That's a big number of like-minded people, all of them adhering to the same tenets. And yet, no one would say that the unification church was a religion or even a religious establishment. They were regarded widely as a sect. So what's the difference? Is it historical precedent, like tenure in a university? The longer you are around, the more a religion you become. I mean, the longer the period, the more you are considered a religion. Is this it? Religious people display manifest signs of addiction. The religion caters to numerous elements in the addictive personality. I could safely say that religious people are junkies. They're not junkies of substances, they're junkies of narratives, of signs, of symbols, of miracles, and ultimately of delusions. And we are trying desperately to avoid this discussion in psychology. Why? Because religious people are very powerful. Very powerful, because they're very numerous. And because they're very numerous, they have political might. And they can leverage this political might and the money that stands behind it to destroy, exterminate psychology. Bear in mind that most universities in the world rely on state finance. And in most countries in the world, religion has a pronounced political role. So it's like taking on the Republican Party. You wouldn't want to do that. Psychologists, therefore, are politically correct, as we will see. Every diagnosis in the diagnostic and statistical manual hastens to say, no, this is not about religion. Let me read to you the text. An individual, I'm reading from the diagnostic and statistical manual edition five. An individual's cultural and religious background must be taken into account in evaluating the possible presence of a delusional disorder. Really? Why? The content of delusions also varies across cultural contexts, you don't say. That's a politically correct statement. It's a message that the community of psychologists is sending to religion, to institutional religions. Don't worry.  We're not going to pathologize you. We're not going to encroach on your turf and enter your, invade your territory. To each his own, we are not going to declare that religion is a delusional disorder. That's not okay. That's intellectual dishonesty. Because if you look at the definition of delusional disorder and the diagnostic features of delusional disorder, as they are embedded in the diagnostic and statistical manual, the first thing that comes to mind is religion, not the second, the first. It's a perfect encapsulation, description, and capturing of the essence, the quiddity of what it is to be religious. And now to explain what I'm referring to. If you believe that the scriptures, scriptures of every religion, Old Testament, New Testament, Quran, Buddhist writings, Vigveda, whatever, if you believe the scriptures, religious writings, are beautiful literature, I'm all with you, never surpassed. The best there is. You know, so, so lifting if we had a soul. If you believe that religious writings are allegories of the human condition, of history, I'm all with you. I'm all for it. Religious writings are wise, sagacious. They are distillations of millennia of human experience. They should be studied thoroughly, absolutely, mandatorily. But if you believe that the events described in religious writings have happened, had actually happened, that they are real, that they are a form of history, something is seriously wrong with you.   Delusional disorder and the psychiatric establishment and the psychologists all over the world, they're terrified of religious people. They don't want problems. They don't want their budgets cut. They don't want to be decapitated. They don't want any trouble. So they stay away from religion, which is intellectually dishonest. A while back, it was suggested that religion, mysticism, and more generally spirituality are actually genetically determined. It was known as the God-Gene hypothesis. And it proposes that spirituality is influenced by heredity. And there's a specific gene. It's called the vesicular monamine transporter, VM82. And this gene predisposes humans towards spiritual or mystical experiences. The first to propose this idea was a geneticist, actually. His name was Dean Hamer. In 2004, he published a book called The God-Gene, How Faith Is Hardware Into Our Genes. And the hypothesis is based on a combination of behavioral, genetic, neurobiological, and psychological studies. And the arguments of this hypothesis are the following. Number one, spirituality can be quantified, can be measured by psychometric tests. Number two, the underlying tendency to spirituality is partially heritable, genetic. Number three, part of this heredity can be attributed to a specific gene, VM82. Number four, these gene acts by altering monamine levels. Number five, spirituality provides an evolutionary advantage by providing individuals with an innate sense of optimism and hope. And it is this last point that I dispute. Optimism and hope grounded in a delusion, grounded in a falsification of reality. Optimism and hope grounded in impairment of reality testing, grounded in fake, false data and information, misinformation. This kind of hope, this kind of optimism are pathological. They're ill, they require help and treatment. And no amount of political correctness in the DSM or out of the DSM could change this. Delusions are defined in the DSM as fixed beliefs that are not amenable to change in light of conflicting evidence. So if you believe that something had happened and there's a preponderance of a well-meaning preponderance of evidence that nothing like this can happen in principle and you still believe it, you need help. You need therapy, you need treatment or in many cases medication. Delusional disorder, diagnostic criteria, diagnostic and statistical manual, edition five, 2013. Criterion A, the presence of one or more delusions with a duration of one month or longer. Criterion B, noschizophrenia present. Criteria C, apart from the impact of the delusions or its ramifications, functioning in daily life is not markedly impaired. Behavior is not obviously bizarre or odd. The delusional person appears to be totally normal. It is only when we talk to the delusional person and he says something that we know is, we know to be not true. We know to be false. We know it's impossible. And then he insists on it. It is only then that it becomes clear that the person suffers from delusional disorder. Hallucinations, if present, are not prominent and are related to the delusional theme. So hallucinations like, you know, miracle working and all this, they are related to the delusional thing. Criterion E, the disturbance is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition and is not better explained by another mental disorder such as this or that. Delusions of bizarre content. Delusions are deemed bizarre if they are clearly implausible. Now the DSM uses the word implausible. I go one further. What about impossible? Like let me rephrase this sentence. Delusions are deemed bizarre, ultra bizarre, insane, if they are clearly impossible. Not understandable. I'm continuing with the DSM. Not understandable. Not derived from ordinary life experiences. So these are bizarre delusions. And delusions are continuous as the DSM. Symptoms fulfilling the diagnostic symptom criteria of the disorder are remaining for the majority of the illness course with sub threshold symptom periods being very brief relative to the overall course. So religious skepticism would be a break in this delusional disorder, but it would be brief. And if it's not brief, it's healing actually. Now what about the people who are people who have religious experiences, mystical experiences, including the founders of all the major religions all over the world? What about these people? They not only suffer from delusional disorder, but they are in all likelihood psychotic. They have had psychotic disorder. And their psychotic disorder was coupled probably with dissociative identity disorder. So the people who spawned, who gave rise to religions all over the world, especially religions which are delusional, religions which rely on events or history, which is utterly impossible. So these kind of people, they not only had delusional disorder, which is clear because they came up with these delusions, and they believed in the veracity of these delusions. They had experienced these delusions as real. The reality testing was short, but they had two other probably co-occurring mental illnesses. Psychotic disorder, and remember psychotic disorder is when you externalize internal objects. When you hear voices talking to you, or you see visions which are actually internal objects, elements of your own mind, you just don't know the difference. You can't tell the difference. So elements of your mind look to you to be real and outside you. That psychotic disorder, we call this process hyperreflexivity. But they had another thing, which is dissociative identity disorder. I would like to read to you the diagnostic criteria for dissociative identity disorder. A. Disruption of identity characterized by two or more distinct personality states, which may be described in some cultures as an experience of possession. This is the DSM, not some vacuum. The disruption in identity involves marked discontinuity in sense of self and sense of agency, accompanied by related alterations in affect, behavior, consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, and or sensory motor functioning. These signs and symptoms may be observed by others or reported by the individual. C. Recurrent gaps in the recall of everyday events, important personal information, and or traumatic events, that are and when these gaps are inconsistent with ordinary forgetting. C. The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. D. The disturbance is not a normal part of a broadly accepted pattern. E. The symptoms are not attributed to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition. And here's what they have to say in the diagnostic in the in the clinical features, in the diagnostic features. Possession form identities in dissociative identity disorder typically manifest as behaviors that appear as if a spirit, a supernatural being, or outside person has taken control over the individual, such that the individual begins speaking or acting in a distinctly different manner, speaking in tongues. For example, an individual behaviors, say the DSM, may give the appearance that her identity has been replaced by the ghost of another person who had committed suicide in the same community years before, speaking and acting as though she were still alive. Or an individual maybe or an individual continues the DSM, may be taken over by a demon or a deity that's as close as they get to admitting that religion is a form of sickness. As close as they get, I read this to you again, it's a very courageous sentence, very brave, buried of course as deeply as possible in the DSM, but it's still there. Let me read it to you again. An individual says the DSM, an individual may be taken over by a demon or a deity taken over in quotes and quotes by a demon or a deity resulting in profound impairment and demanding that the individual or a relative be punished for a past act followed by more subtle periods of identity alteration, etc. So they admit, they come very close to admitting that what religious people consider as demons or angels or god or deity, god or his relatives, all this is a case of dissociative identity disorder. Do you know what's the previous name of dissociative identity disorder? Multiple personality disorder. The majority of possession states around the world they immediately retreat, the DSM immediately realize, they realize what they've done and they become immediately politically correct. The majority of possession states around the world are normal, usually part of a spiritual practice and do not meet criteria for dissociative identity disorder. Sheer, unmitigated nonsense, result of fear, terror of religious people, they are afraid to confront them. The identities that arise during possession form dissociative identity disorder present recurrently are unwanted, involuntary, involuntary, cause clinically significant distress or impairment and not a normal part of broadly accepted cultural or religious practice.  But if you do this and you're in atheism, you'll be placed in a mental asylum. Simple. Something's wrong with that, even religious people shouldn't admit that something wrong with this. In 1907 Freud wrote the first of many books about religion. He ended up writing about seven, I think, maybe eight books about religion. In 1907 he wrote the first book. It was titled Obsessive Actions and Religious Practices. And he suggested that religion and neurosis, mental illness, are similar products of the human mind. Neurosis, he said, has compulsive behavior. It's a form of individual religiosity. Remember what I keep saying, narcissistic personality disorder? It's a private religion. Freud said it before me, much better. He said neurosis is individual religiosity. And what about religion? Freud said religion with its repetitive rituals is a universal, obsessional neurosis. Where are the brave psychologists that existed a hundred years ago? Of course, Karl Marx, who was not a psychologist and not a religious person to use a British understatement. He was a 19th century philosopher and the founder of Marxism. He viewed religion as the soul of soulless conditions, the opium of the people. A form of protest by the working classes against their poor economic conditions and their alienations. All modern religions and churches are organs of bourgeois reaction used for the exploitation and stupifaction of the working class. Let me translate it to you. He says that established institutional religion is there to take your money. It's a self-enriching, narcissistic, con artistry form of organization. And I fully concur. So does Dawkins, by the way. Okay.  It was included in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual. And now it is not. Now it is common accepted practice. Not even stigmatized anymore. And definitely not a mental illness by any definition of the word, by any stretch of the word. So if mental illnesses and mental disorders can make exits and entrances, you know, into the DSM and out of the DSM, because for example, sadistic personality disorder disappeared from the DSM, masochistic personality disorder, disappeared from the DSM. Are these real entities? Are these real disorders? Are these real illnesses? Are these clinical entities akin to cancer or diabetes? I mean, it's unthinkable of publishing a textbook about medicine without diabetes or cancer. But here is the DSM dispensing of dozens of diagnoses in and out, like, not a park, like a theme park, you know, and it's very disorienting, because it's not clear what are the, what are the ideological intellectual criteria and foundation for inclusion or exclusion. Even giants of the field like Theodor Millen, they argue for the inclusion of certain mental health, mental health personality disorders, sadistic, masochistic, negativistic, passive-aggressive, also not in the DSM. So there's a huge debate among the giants of the field, among the most prominent scholars as to what should be and shouldn't be. Malignant narcissism, Kernberg was an advocate of malignant narcissism. It's not in the DSM. So no one knows. It's totally not transparent. No one knows. The minutes of the committee, the DSM committee are not published. No one knows why certain disorders make it and others become apocrypha, apocrypha. It's a, this flux renders the whole profession of psychology and psychiatry very suspect. And this is why even theoreticians, even psychologists, even, you know, they are free to take on everyday phenomena, such as religion. Because if they pathologize religion and it's reverted, like in Wikipedia, you know, revert vandalism. It's reverted tomorrow. How are they going to look? So the DSM is much about exclusions, about inclusion. It tells you if it's culturally accepted, it's okay. If it's a religious practice, it's okay. If it's relevant to the period in history, it's okay. I mean, they are very wary to take a set of principles, set of diagnostic criteria and apply it fearlessly and rigorously to observable phenomena of human conduct and misconduct, which leads me to conspiracism. Conspiracy theories, the people who believe in conspiracy theories and what is their psychology or psychopathology. Conspiracism is the propensity to believe in unproven and unverified, often repeated conspiracy theories, urban legends, myths, and patent falsehoods, usually involving an evil intent of a cabal to abuse, manipulate, and exploit the unsuspecting masses. And I'm not talking only about the well-known conspiracy theories because, for example, the whole empath movement online is a conspiracy theory with a narcissist in the role of the evil, demonic presence and the empath in the role of the angel, angelic, blameless. So this is a conspiracy theory. Most people are gullible. They believe literally anything in anyone, a well-documented and thoroughly researched phenomenon known as the base rate policy. And then once they come to believe something, they defend their misconceptions fiercely, as they actively align themselves with other people, like-minded people, and signal their uncritical conformity in like-minded tribes and silos. Confirmation bias goes hand in hand with virtue signaling. I believe what you believe. I'm as virtuous as you are. Frequent exposure to these echo chambers, to this toxic nonsense, such exposure solidifies the belief in these outlandish and innate narratives. And this phenomenon is known as consistency, social media leverage consistency, as a grist to their perpetual mobile rumor and gossip mills. Other cognitive distortions feeding to conspiracism consider the proportionality bias, the erroneous conviction that great events are caused by commensurately massive reasons or plots or dynamic processes. This flies in the face of chaos theory and its butterfly effect. A lone grandiose gunman in Texas can rock the entire world with a single shot. We also find patterns where there are no patterns. Apophina, Pagedolia, these are the clinical names. We connect dots that should remain unconnected, discreet. We find continuities in the disparate and in the unrelated, including other people's actions, as related to their imputed motivations. And this is known as intentionality bias. Conspiracism is a personality trait. Even after a favorite conspiracy is debunked, there is a counterfactual residue left in the individual's mind. We call this the continued influence effect. The more you try to argue with a true believer in a conspiracy theory, the more entrenched this person becomes in his or her misinformation and paranoid skepticism. And this is known as the backfire effect. Conspiracies thrive on ignorance. We don't know what causes autism. So, anti-vaxxers enter the anti-vaxxers. There is a smidgen of grandiosity info, as people trust their gut instincts and consider themselves enlightened in the know superior to the sheep or adepts with access to arcane knowledge. And finally, conspiracy theories as wage reduce, ameliorate anxiety and depression. And the people who believe in conspiracy theories are again divided in two. They are those who apply critical thinking and rationality to conspiracy claims. And then they make up their mind. And they are those who adhere to conspiracy theories, believe in them, adopt them almost religiously, out of emotional reasoning.  And I would like to read to you the criterion of paranoid personality disorder and schizotypal personality disorder. Paranoid personality disorder first. A, a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of other people such that their motivations are interpreted as malevolent, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts.  When I say other people can be institutions, there doesn't have to be other people.  Number two is preoccupied with unjustified doubts about the loyalty or trustworthiness of friends, associates, other people. Number three is reluctant to confide in other people because of unwarranted fear that the information would be used maliciously against him or her. Number four reads hidden, demeaning or threatening meanings into benign remarks or events. Number five persistently bears grudges, is unforgiving of insults, injuries or slides. Number six perceives attacks on his or her own character or reputation that are not apparent to others and is quick to react angrily or to counter attack. Number seven has recurrent suspicions without justification regarding some issues like for example the fidelity of a spouse. Does not and all this does not occur exclusively during the course of schizophrenia. The polar disorder or depressive disorder with psychotic features or another psychotic disorder and is not attributable to the physiological effects of substance or some other medical condition. So this is paranoid personality disorder.  But there's a personality disorder which fits people who believe in conspiracy theories even much better and it is the schizotypal personality disorder. Diagnostic and statistical manual edition five has this to say about schizotypal personality disorder. A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships as well as by cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior beginning by early adulthood etc. Has the following ideas of reference exclusion deluding delusions of reference. In other words the idea that he's targeted somehow or that institutions or people do things act in certain ways because they want something from him that is somehow involved that's ideas of reference or referential ideation. Number two odd beliefs strange beliefs or magical thinking that influence behavior and are inconsistent with sub-cultural norms superstitiousness belief belief in clairvoyance telepathy or a sixth sense bizarre fantasies or preoccupations unusual perceptual experiences including bodily illusions odd thinking odd speech vague circumstantial metaphorical over elaborate or stereotype suspiciousness or paranoid ideation inappropriate constricted effect behavior or appearance that is odd eccentric or peculiar lack of close friends or confidence other than first degree relatives excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments about the self does not occur does not occur exclusively during the course of schizofrenia bipolar disorder depressive disorder with psychotic feature another psychotic disorder or autism spectrum disorder you see these two personality disorders put them together and you get the prototypical archetypical conspiracy theorist why don't we simply declare bravely and courageously that people who believe literally in the scriptures in religious texts are mentally ill and people who believe in conspiracy theories are mentally ill why don't we have this intellectual integrity the profession is prostituting itself in order to secure grants political support and not to confront two big portions of the population they're terrified simply fusillanimous cowards let's talk about defiance defiance and contumatiousness contumatiousness is when your hate authority and your natural reaction to authority is to challenge it donald trump is an example of defiance and contumatiousness combined drain the swamp so let me read to you the diagnostic criteria of two mental health disorders and you tell me if they don't capture perfectly the personality of someone like donald trump the personality of someone who is defined in your face hates authority contumatious impulsive and reckless let me read to you these diagnostic criteria listen well and tell me if they don't capture perfectly these people and if so why did no one come out and say this and these these and these politicians are mentally ill these and these people are mentally ill why are we so terrified of speaking our mind as psychologists oppositional defined disorder criterion a pattern of angry irritable mood argumentative defined behavior or vindictiveness lasting at least six months as evidenced by at least four symptoms from these categories and exhibited it during interaction with at least one individual who is not a sibling so someone with oppositional defined disorder has these angry irritable mood often loses his temper is often touchy or easily annoyed is often angry and resentful argumentative defined behavior often argues with authority figures or with adults if it's a trial often actively defies or refuses to comply with requests from authority figures refuses to comply with rules often deliberately annoys other people often blames other people for his or her mistakes or misbehavior vindictiveness has been spiteful of indicative at least twice within the past six months oppositional defined disorder it's a mental illness and yet few psychologists dare to speak up antisocial personalities or a pervasive pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others occurring since age 15 years as indicated by three or more of the following one failure to conform to social norms with respect to lawful behaviors as indicated by repeatedly performing acts with the grounds for condemnation or arrest number two deceitfulness as indicated by repeated lying use of aliases use of aliases or calling others for personal profit or pleasure number three impulsivity or failure to plan ahead number four irritability and aggressiveness as indicated by repeated physical fights or other fights and assaults number five reckless disregard for safety of self and others number six consistent irresponsibility as indicated by repeated failures to sustain consistent work behavior or honor financial obligations number seven lack of remorse as indicated by being in different two or rationalizing having hurt mistreated or stolen from another and so this captures perfectly certain individuals and yet we're very loath to speak out against them to diagnose them in public if they're powerful people if they're famous people if they're celebrities if they can do the profession of psychology harm we are terrified of interest groups we're terrified of of organized religion of institutions of establishments of organizations and so we keep twiddling our thumbs and producing politically correct work arounds just not to say it out loud and on the other hand we pathologize behaviors which should have never been pathologized consider for example seductiveness seductiveness flirtatiousness and promiscuity are features of histrionic personality disorder somatic narcissism and borderline personality disorder let me read you the criteria of borderline personality disorder a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships self-image and effects marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a series of contexts frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment do not include cell a suicidal or self-mutilating behavior which are covered in criteria and five number two a pattern of unstable and intense interpersonal relationships characterized by alternating between extremes of idealization and evaluation number three identity disturbance markedly and persistently unstable self-image or sense of self number four impulsivity in at least two areas that are potentially self-damaging example spending sex substance abuse reckless driving binge eating number five recurrence suicidal behavior gestures or threats or self-mutilating behavior number six effective instability due to a marked reactivity of mood intense episodic dysphoria irritability or anxiety usually lasting a few hours and only rarely more than a few days number seven chronic feelings of emptiness number eight inappropriate intense anger or difficulty controlling anger frequent displays of temper constant anger recurrent physical fights number nine transient stress related paranoid ideation or severe dissociative symptoms now this is a pathology this is clearly a pathological state which requires help compare this to histrionic personality disorder which i'm about to read to you why do we pathologize histrionic behaviors common daily occurrences by billions of people so we dare to pathologize women mostly we dare to pathologize women with borderline personality disorder with histrionic personality disorder there's a gender bias we dare to pathologize women because they are they have been until now weak disorganized they didn't have a lobby they didn't have a movement they didn't have a they didn't have political power they didn't have corporate power so the dsm is rampant flooded with pathologized female behaviors yet when it comes to organize religion conspiracy theories etc no way it's it's okay it's not pathological it's culturally appropriate it's religiously appropriate it's spiritual it's any cop out in the book histrionic personality disorder listen well a pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality and attention seeking beginning by early adulthood is uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not the center of attention interaction with others is often characterized by inappropriate sexually seductive or provocative behavior whatever that means displays rapidly shifting in shallow expression of emotions consistently uses physical appearance to draw attention to herself as a style of speech that is excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail shows self-romatization theatricality and exaggerated expression of emotion is suggestible easily influenced by other people or circumstances considers relationships to be more intimate than they actually are now this is not a pathology i don't know it's a personality style but it's not a pathology it's nothing pathological here some things are exaggerated some things are under emphasized for example one thing they forgot to mention is that actually histrionics are much a hypo sexual they don't like sex so compare borderline to histrionic and see how we pathologize behaviors trades lifestyle choices and personality styles that should never be pathologized let's take another example loners you don't like people you're like company you're like sex you don't like an internet to have an intimate partner you like being with yourself you like your own company you find it titillating and thrilling and perfect fun you don't need anyone you're loner oops encrypts schizoid personality disorder yes they have pathologized preference to being alone because it's a social there are echoes here of social control trying to tell you how you should behave how you should feel and who you should be determining your identity via the levers of the psychology of the professions of psychology and psychiatry psychology and psychiatry had placed themselves at the disposal of societies all over the world in communist countries psychiatrists would commit dissidents would commit opposition figures to mental asylum lock them up at the service of the communist regime something very similar is happening in the capitalist world if you don't behave in socially conforming ways you're pathologized you're declared mentally ill and then they can do anything to you literally anything so schizoid personality disorder a pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of expression of emotions in interpersonal settings neither desires nor enjoys close relationships including being part of a family how shocking almost always chooses solitary activities as little if any interest in having sexual experiences with another person takes pleasure in few if any activities lacks close friends or confidence other than first degree relatives appears indifferent to the praise or criticism of others good for him shows emotional coldness detachment or flattened affectivity does not occur exclusively during schizophrenia etc etc this absolutely there's nothing pathological in any of this it's a personality style perhaps even a regrettable personality style as far as the individual is concerned he's missing out on many things but it's not a pathology so either we refuse we decline to pathologize people groups and institutions because they're powerful and we are afraid of them or we pathologize pathetic groups like loners and minority groups like women because we can and we are not afraid of them they can do nothing to us it's an opportunistic profession and the dsm is an opportunistic tone it doesn't reflect any knowledge in the scientific sense it reflects social compromise it reflects lack of intellectual integrity it reflects fear and it reflects the need to secure funding the need to to the need for licensing in other ways it reflects the interaction between state and an academic profession there is no academic profession which relies more on the state than psychology and psychology funding is common in all academic disciplines but psychology and psychology are especially vulnerable and they did this to themselves by being inconsistent over the decades by compromising by faking by pathologizing and demonizing vulnerable groups they have acquired a horrible reputation and i know that as a professor of psychology we don't have a good reputation it's not too late though there's always the dsm 6


My name is Jimmy, his name is Jake, and this is the Weekly Dumb. Jake, how are you? James, Zach, everyone watching. I'm doing well. Good weekend. We had some good weather. We've been trying to reach you concerning- How about that spring sprung? Question mark. And we're hiring- We've hired some new interns, so I've got people to bully in the office. We only hired people under five feet. Wrong. Unless Lenin is two people.  Thank you kindly, my good sir. Show that scene. Hello, my good man. Little Rascals, great movie, 1994. Best year for movies, Jake. Congrats to Maddie Masson winning the B&O championship. Can we talk about the sports? It's deleted. Serious topic. Jim, MLB and MLBPA have come to a meeting where they talked about stuff. They're actually talking about rule changes, which are kind of fun. Banning the shift, pitch clock, larger bases, 2023. Otherwise, they've gotten nowhere else. But these are fun changes. We've talked about these on Talking Baseball a lot. Yeah, I am all for all of these, actually. I am a pro pitch clock. I can't think of a single time I've been watching a game, and I said I wish they would slow down on that mound right there. There's rumors of a 14-second pitch clock, which that would be tight in like an 8th inning pressure pack situation. I wouldn't want to be cutting to the clock. Like getting the ball back and thinking about the 2-2 pitch. Like that gets a little tight. There's going to be growing pains where... You've got to add some gentlemen's rules. Well, there's going to be growing pains when it gets actually like penalized for being too slow. That's going to suck. But once we get to the point where all the pitchers just naturally pitch at that pace, that'll be really nice. And the bigger bases don't matter. If you're getting mad about the bigger bases, eat a buck. If you're getting mad about the bigger bases or the pitch clock, eat two bugs. Those things are better for the game and no one should be upset. The shift opened to a lot of opinions there. Moving on. Jim, I'll move us on. Move us on to the next one. To almost a breakdown. Jim, I was surprised how juiced up you were about this, but I guess it's Australia, so that always ties you in a little more. We've got an underwater crab cam. We just saw this. This was on Zach's desk just playing. I like nature sometimes because when my gardener told me about how the frogs were eating all the snakes and the snakes were eating the frogs in my backyard, and I was like, what's going on in my backyard? The same thing. Like what's truly going on underwater? So check this out. The guy set up a crab cage and then a camera on there, and the coolest part is the crabs are eating the fish, and then an octopus comes, a squid attacks, gets bullied away, and then quickly vanishes to become the color of the rocks or whatever. Squid changes color.  I really do. They freak me out. I don't like how they move. Okay, but do you like that the crab attacks the invisible octopus from the back? And when a crab swims, it's always like, oh, you have this in the bag, dude? Yeah, two different crabs. You're supposed to move like this. We had it. Attack the camera. Back to crab mode. They attack the camera. So this is cool, and I really liked it, and you guys should enjoy it. And I guess he has a website where you can just watch this all the time, which Zach likes watching that stuff. DraftKings. Go download it and bet on cycling. Jim, speaking of cycling, this is huge. Cyclists, normally a gentleman's sport is getting away from it, and cyclists have taken to peeing on each other during races. I would have thought they just pissed themselves. Yeah. Like how some long distance runners do, but Peter Sagan is pissed. He's 32. He's Slovakian. And he says the younger riders aren't showing the veteran guy's respect. He's got some good quotes here. He says, I won't name names, but they just piss in the middle of the pack. Everyone pees on everyone. Disgusting. And the picture? This picture? It's a good time. Maybe you can show it like that dude is pissing on that dude. It's a good time.  There's definitely spray getting on everyone. It's a team sport. People forget that.  At least they used to be. That's how I have him saying that.  At least they used to be. Yeah, I mean it's kind of funny when you realize this guy's 32 and he's talking like how much things have changed. Like man, this sport. Like you'd think this guy was 55. I thought he was 55. Yeah. I'm shocked that he's younger than us. Yeah, I don't know. And for me in a race, if you win it, you win it. Also, if it's teammates, PNX, the teammates, that only boosts camaraderie. It's bonding. That's bonding. That's male bonding. You make up that time. Speaking of bonding, I have a not sports for you, Jake, that you're going to enjoy. Jim, this is tough because this coincides with me moving to the city and there's all these rumors around it.  If you're dialing 311, you are lonely. You've already lost the war. You're just looking for a friend.  It's like the complaints line that they never check for the entire city.   We will be on our way to help you. Queens. Queens.  Manhattan in second place. Brooklyn in third. The Bronx in fourth. And Staten Island in a distant, distant fifth place.  No one's having sex in Staten Island. It's a clear threshold of people like Staten Island. No one cares. Like if they hear sex going on, that's a win. I love that Queens. When you really think about 103 complaints, like half of those are one person that just hate their neighbor. A lot of the Brooklyn complaints said that they're just orgies happening in the apartment complex's staircase.  Multiple people. I'd love to know the angles and the diagrams of how that's happening. I looked at apartments in Brooklyn. Don't give him the noise. Give me the same noise, Jake. I work too hard at that. Give me the same noise, Jake. Add anybody? Give it to me again there. Employee of the week. It's the employee of the week. Jim, this is why I was pissed you gave me a shout out at the start of the show because he didn't deserve it. But Maddy Mask gets to be in your belt. Mostly goes to his mom. I was just reading this thing. Just to motivate him. Yeah, don't read that. Maddy Mask stole, actually, Zack stole Jake's belt or, and then Maddy Mask now has it. And you know what? He's got the belt in the middle of the office. Yeah. You get off the elevator. He's sharing it with me. You get off the elevator. You look left and you can see it. I still get to use it. No, you don't. I do. I do. Maddy gave me permission as we're the only champs ever. So please don't. Yeah, that is out of our bubble. It is nice. How like all presidents go along. And we're going to change the playoff format because it is kind of BS and baseball is doing some of the same thing. You need to reward the elite. So we're getting there. Not happening? Happening. Not happening. That's the end of the show. That was the Weekly Dome. Today's episode was brought to you by DraftKings. Download the DraftKings Sportsbook app now. Use promo code Johnboy and throw down just $5 on the college basketball game of your choice and get $200 in free bets if the team you choose wins. That's code Johnboy at DraftKings Sportsbook. Enough. Enough. Enough. Enough with the wrap. Bring the hook right back. Enough with the not sports. Bring the sports right back. Betcha I can make you say shaboo-boo-boo-boo-fee.


What's up everybody, I'm TheMangus, you are awesome and welcome back to Goosebytes, little mini MOBA updates. Not a lot going on with the games I normally cover, that's good though because we're going to be bringing Brick in for the minions as a guest host to talk about Genesis this week. I don't know a lot about Genesis, I don't have a PS4 so I can't play it yet, Mandy's played it a little bit. I'm kind of feeling you guys is pain as far as having to wait for these alphas that are PC only. I have to wait for Genesis as it's PS4 only for now. Anyway, we've got Brick coming in, we're going to be recording Thursday of this week and Brick will probably be live streaming it so I'll link his Twitch channel in the description below if you want to check that out. As far as what actually happened this week, Predecessor kind of probably had the biggest stuff. They implemented the movement speed penalty, whatever you auto attack, which is an integral part of the game. Smoky was talking about doing a 2v2 demo match just on their servers so if you want to check that out I'll link Smoky's Twitch in the video description below too. That hasn't happened by the time I recorded this but it probably will be happening fairly soon. That's about it, a theory on not much from material. The website update kind of got delayed so we'll have to wait on that a little bit longer. Sorry for getting you guys all hyped up over that.  And then Core, not really much going on with them. Uplest did send me a bunch of questions that he answered but it's all stuff that I've already covered for the minions and it's all stuff that's in their frequently asked questions anyway so I'm probably not going to go over that. Visionary, nothing for Visionary as usual but for the Visionary fans just keep the faith. They're working hard, they're still doing their thing. Phoenix Rising is still a game that is going to happen so that's cool. Anyway, that's all I got for you this week, no follow-on video so see you all later.


This is stock number 11368. We are here at Summit Automotive in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. You're new and used heavy-duty truck and Ram headquarters today. We are checking out this Super Clean 2018 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Long Box Lone Star Edition. This truck has the 6.7 liter Cummins diesel. It has been fully safety and inspected by our service shop. It has a fresh oil and filter change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. And this truck is 100% ready to go. Brilliant black crystal pearls of color. We shoot all of our videos in 1080p, 60 frames per second. So if you have HD capabilities on your computer, tablet, or smartphone device, turn them on right now because it is definitely your best way to see the truck condition and quality wise before seeing it in person. If you want to see all the photos on this truck in the upper right hand part of your screen, there is a link to our website. Click that and check us out there. This one comes with the 20-inch painted alloy rims with the painted pockets. Firestone TransForce LT28560R20 tires with right around 50-60% of the tread left. This being a Lone Star came out of Texas area, so the frame and underbody is absolutely perfect. And the front fender is in excellent condition. I didn't see any dents or dings on that. You do get the crystal clear headlight lenses, factory fog lights. Now this is a special edition. This is a Lone Star Silver edition, so you do get that badge there. You get the chrome trimmed grille. No dents or dings on that front bumper. The hood is in excellent shape as well. I didn't see any dents or dings on that. And you do get the clearance lights up top. Passengers side front fender is in nice shape. And the passenger side rim is in excellent condition as well. No scuffs or scrapes. As you go down this side of the truck, take note of how clean the body is, how reflective and mirror-like that paint is. We take these HD videos, so if you are far away or even if you're close by and you just cannot make the trip down, but you're still interested in purchasing the truck, you can see the truck, hear the truck, and have confidence in the vehicle that you're looking at before you even get here, so that when you do get here, there are absolutely no surprises. That's why we offer the Summit Auto Fastpass option in the upper right hand part of your screen. A link right to our website where you can apply for financing, get pre-approved, see a payment quote, even appraise a trade-off from the comfort of your own home. So when you get here, all you have to do is drive the truck, love it, and you'll be all set to go. Back rim is in excellent shape as well, and the back tires look like they have probably about 60 to 70% of the tread left. Once again, the frame and underbody on this truck is in excellent condition, and it is like that all the way underneath, and it has all the remaining factory exhaust, so it hasn't been altered in any way. And of course, all the lower rockers look really good, and I didn't see any dents or dings down the side of this truck. As we come around to the back of the vehicle, the rear bumper is in great shape. No major dents or dings or imperfections on that, those have the backup parking sensors. You do get that lone star badge right there, and the tailgate is in pretty nice shape. It does have a locking tailgate, backup camera, and this one comes with a companion, fifth wheel hitch by B&W, and I'm not sure exactly on the weight on this one. It should be in the end. This is a 25,000 pound fifth wheel on here. And then it does have the auxiliary, I believe that's a fuel tank, 62 gallon fuel tank, and then a toolbox on the top, so that comes with the truck. And it does have a very nice spraying bed liner. And you can see it does have the fifth wheel and gooseneck prep package. And you also have the LED bed lights. This one does come with the cargo cam as well. And the bed is in really nice shape. As we come around the driver's side, just as clean as that passenger side. No major dents or dings in the box. And for full disclosure, this back rim is in excellent condition as well. Down the rest of the side of the vehicle looks really good. Doors are extremely clean. It does have the heated fold out tail mirrors. They fold out like so. They also fold in. Inside the Lone Star Silver package gives you the black cloth and leather seats. No rips or tears on the seats. They're in really nice shape. Power driver's seat. Factory all-weather floor mats, auto headlamps, power pedals, power windows, power locks, power mirrors. And these mirrors do power fold in when the ignition is on. There they go. And they do power fold out. I always like showing both sides so you know that both sides are working. As we hop inside the vehicle here, you can see you get the Lone Star animation at the beginning. And the digital spinometer. You can see that this one has 22,315 miles. Compass, outside temp, time, range to empty. Instrument cluster is very nice and clean. Comes with the leather-wrapped steering wheel. Bluetooth, I'm sorry, cruise controls on the right. Bluetooth and information center controls on the left. This one does come with the six-speed automatic transmission, the turned-out four-wheel drive. This one has the factory 8.4C radio, AM-FM and Sirius XM radio capabilities. You also have your heated seats and heated steering wheel controls. You can check out your backup camera and you can also check out that cargo can to see what's going on in the bed. Or when you're hooking up your fifth wheel, that's a nice system to have. Also your climate controls here. And then you do get projection manager where you can project your cell phone to the screen via Android Auto or Apple CarPlay. You actually did a demo on Android Auto to project your cell phone to the screen. If you want to check that out, it's in the upper right-hand part of your screen. Alpine premium sound system, dual climate controls, more tactile climate controls down here if you don't like using the radio. You also have the turned-out four-wheel drive factory brake controller, five auxiliary up-fit switches, stability control, tow-haul mode, factory exhaust brake and your reverse parking sensors. You can turn those off and on. 115 volt, 150 watt plug-in, passenger side format and seat are in excellent condition. And you do get the speakers and the ceiling with that Alpine premium sound. Map lights, power slide rear window and your home link buttons for your garage drawer security systems and lighting systems, assist and SOS buttons in the rear view mirror. And we'll take a quick look at the back seats and then start it up and check out under the hood. The back seats are just as clean as the front seats, no rips, no tears back here. It does have the latch child safety system for any child car seats you may have. Power sliding rear window. Once again, seats are in excellent condition. You do get a load floor underneath here, which is nice. If you got pets, you can put both sides down. They have a nice flat place to lay. You got muddy boots tools, put them on here. They're not going to wreck your nice leather and cloth seats. And then if you need storage, you have storage under there. You also have in-floor storage on each side with removable bins for easy cleaning.  You can put ice and drinks in there. So that's pretty cool. And then you do get the child safety locks on the back doors as well. We'll start it up and take a quick look under the hood. So there's no check engine lights or anything like that. Everything looks good. And we'll check out under the hood. I would personally like to thank you for checking out the video today. And hopefully from this HD video, you will have been able to tell just how clean this truck is all the way around. Inside and out. Under the hood, you get the 6.7 meter common diesel. Engine bay is very clean. Runs very smooth. Once again, this truck has been fully safe and inspected by always server shop as a fresh oil and fuel for change. All the fluids have been checked and topped off. The truck has been gone through mechanically 100%. And is 100% ready to go. I would highly recommend this truck to make quality and condition standpoint. And to see more pictures of this truck or one of our other 450 new and used cars, trucks, SUVs, minivans, Wranglers, half tons, three quarter tons, one tons. You name it, we got to go to our website right there. www.summitauto.com Full pictures and descriptions of every single vehicle from two locations all at www.summitauto.com. And if you'd like to check out more HD videos, you can go to www.youtube.com slash www.summitauto.com. Remember to like, subscribe, and share on this video and all the videos that you see here. See there. And we really look forward to helping you with this super clean 2018 Ram 2500 Crew Cab Long Box, Mone Star Silver Edition, and Brilliant Black Crystal Pearl. Thanks again for checking out the video.


Allah subhanahu wa ta'ala says in the holy book وما أصوابكم من مصيبة فَبِما كَسَبَتْ أَيْدِيْكُمْ And no trouble, no calamity befalls you, but it is because of your own deeds. Okay, my own deeds? Hmm Why? Still why? The verse continues, the verse says And he pardons a lot He is merciful, he says you have done things that you should not have done But I have made mercy obligatory upon me كتب ربكم على نفسه الرحمة Your Lord has made mercy obligatory upon himself. So he says I will send a moseeba. I will send troubles And then as a result of that وَيَعْفُواْ عَنْ كَثِيرْ I'll wash away your sins It is better to go through some calamities in this life than to pay for our deeds in the After life and so he tests us He says I'm going to test you. I will send the moseeba. I will send the troubles and test you Does he say that? Yes, he says that in the holy book He says Normally we are going to test you with hope, with fear, with hunger, with loss of wealth, with loss of lives, and with loss of crops and fruit These are the example of griefs we have Hope we will discuss in the next section of this lecture وَلَنَبْلُوَنَّكُمْ بِشَيْئِمْ مِنَ الْخَوْفِ We will discuss after this And after that Hunger Some people he tests with real hunger But people like you and me What does hunger mean for us? Maybe losing our job Maybe one of the two spouses loses His or her job نَقْصَمْ مِنَ الْأَمْوَالْ لَسْفْ وَالْفْ What happens when the house prices go down? The equity loss For example, you have invested in stocks, you lost a lot of money After that Loss of lives God forbid Sometimes may Allah protect all of you All the believers and their families But sometimes people do lose Loved ones Source of grief A reason for grieving And then with Samarat, crops and fruit That can also be linked to the financial situation So our worries can be about our finances Or the loss of our loved ones Or sometimes we also have grieves about Having married someone we should not have married Like my friend has, the story I told you in the beginning All these things How can we deal with them? The basic principle Everything happens for a reason Number one It does Initially we will just recognize it rationally here It takes a long time to imprint it on our souls It will just be a mental exercise initially But we have to keep reminding ourselves Everything happens for a reason Everything happens for a reason Day in and day out The second principle That every moussiba comes To wash away our sins Therefore the Holy Prophet peace be upon him says That a believer has twitch of a vein Or a scratch of a thorn But it washes away some of his sins We also have a hadith that fever Having fever for one night Washes away 70 sins This is all mercy of Allah SWT I know there are people That when they are walking around in the house And they hurt their pinky And it hurts badly They do not say Or utter some silly or vulgar words Which is very common sadly nowadays They say Alhamdulillah That Allah has surely washed away some of my sins Through that little pinky So this was the principle number two And the third thing The verse in which Allah SWT says That surely we are going to test you With hunger and loss of wealth and so on It continues Fabashir Swabireen And give glad tidings to the patient ones The third principle is coming now Fabashir Swabireen Al-Ladina If they are in trouble Say Inna Lillahi Wa Inna Ilayhi Raji'un So give glad tidings to the patient ones That when a calamity or trouble befalls them They say Inna Lillahi Wa Inna Ilayhi Raji'un The Amirul-Mu'mineen said this for the first time When he heard the news of the martyrdom of Jathar Qayyar He said Inna Lillahi Wa Inna Ilayhi Raji'un That we often recite When we hear the news of death But this has the whole faith hidden in it It has beauties of our faith It has depth If we look into it Inna Lillahi This Lih Laam Means Property Possession Lahu Maafis Samawati Wa Maafil Ard In the Arabic language when they use this Laam Lih It means something is a possession of someone Inna Lillahi We are the property of Allah He owns us He is our master He is the owner of everything And to him shall we return So when he owns everything And he is always He is all knowledgeable Then he can give anything to anyone anytime And he can take it back From anyone anytime That is the third principle So remember it Number one Everything happens for a reason It's a cliche statement But true True statement That we have to remind ourselves Day in and day out Number two Allah SWT sends problems and troubles So that he washes away our sins Number three We have to be patient Because everything is owned By Allah SWT There is a wisdom behind Everything that happens to us But it is easier said than done It's very easy for me to tell you all these stories And tell you all these principles And then you would say to me Maulana, give me a break This is all theory How to deal with griefs and pains


Hello and welcome to this session in which you would look at a bank reconciliation problem but before we look at the problem I would like to remind you about the bank reconciliation roles. How do we prepare a bank reconciliation and what is the purpose of a bank reconciliation? Well there are what we call timing differences between your bank balance and your book general ledger. So you have a general ledger at your company and you have your bank balance at the bank and specifically for the general ledger we're discussing the cash general ledger and the cash general ledger and the bank balance should equal to each other. In other words what you record on your account balance at the company as far as cash is concerned should equal to your bank account. That is true except that we have what we call timing differences between your cash balance and your bank balance and because of those timing differences the company will need to account for those timing differences and reconcile them. What are those timing differences? One is something called deposit and transit. Again this is a review of the rules I did discuss bank reconciliation but I'm going to go over those rules very quickly. What is a deposit and transit? A deposit and transit is when the business deposit an amount at their bank but that amount for that particular month is not showing on their monthly bank statement. Why? Because they deposited this amount maybe late during the month and it's not showing for example you deposited something December 31st it's not going to show until January maybe first or second on your bank statement. Therefore you need to account for the deposit and transit. Therefore when you get your bank statement for the month of December you will add to it any deposit and transit any deposit that you actually deposited in the bank but it's not showing. Also you will deduct any outstanding checks. What are outstanding checks? You deduct outstanding checks from your bank balance. Outstanding checks are checks that you wrote.  In other words the supplier the vendor did not deposit them under bank account and if they did deposit them they did not reach your bank account as of yet. Therefore you will need to deduct them from your bank statement because the bank is not aware of it and the third type of adjustment you might have to do on your bank statement is to look for any errors errors that the bank committed whether they added money to your account or they deducted money on your account an error and this is those are typically the three adjustments you will make on your bank side. Now in the in the example I'm going to be working I'm going to make this is this example a little bit more challenging a little bit more tricky but you will see how when I look at the figures on your book balance on your book balance what you do is you start with your general ledger cash account whatever that amount is then you will add any interest the bank gave you for that particular month you will add any collection that the bank collected on your behalf if a customer send the payment directly to the bank account and you are not aware of it now you are aware of it you will add it you will deduct from your book balance any bank fees that you were not aware of during the month and any non-sufficient checks non-sufficient checks are checks you thought they were good checks when you receive the check you debited cash you credited account receivable for 500 dollars then you find out that 500 dollar was no good because after you deposited the check the bank told you that check is no good because the customer don't have money in their bank account then you have you might have to deduct or add any bank errors now in this example I don't discuss any bank errors to keep it simple because there's a purpose for this example but on another lessons I do have examples with bank errors at the end of the day your cash at the bank account should equal to your cash balance at your book book balance so simply put your bank balance and your book balance should equal to each other's now the best way to illustrate this concept is to take a look at an example what is a special about this example what is tricky about this example well here's what's going to happen in this example I'm going to tell you the tricky part of it but that's not the only tricky thing you can see on the CPA exam or in your intermediate accounting course nevertheless I have to warn you in a sense that there are other complications for example I don't discuss any errors here whether it's a bank error or a book error but I do discuss them and other examples so here's what we have here we have the June 30th bank reconciliation which is the prior month then I gave you the month of July information so when you prepare your bank reconciliation you're going to have to take into account the June 30th the prior bank reconciliation and I will show you how how will you have to deal with this type of situation if you are giving this type of scenario an intermediate accounting or on the CPA exam however before we proceed I would like to remind you whether you are a student or a CPA candidate most likely that's what you are if you are listening to this lecture I don't replace your CPA review course I don't replace your accounting course what I add is I'm a useful addition to your CPA review course I'm a useful addition to your accounting course I can help you do better on your exam I can help you do better in your accounting courses by providing new lectures resources multiple choice questions true false exercises this is a partial list of all my accounting courses my CPA review courses are aligned with your Becker Roger Wiley Gleam or any other CPA review course you are taking I also give you access to 1500 previously released AI CPA questions with detailed solution if you have not connected with me on LinkedIn please do so take a look at my LinkedIn recommendation like this recording share it with other connect with me on Instagram Facebook Twitter and Reddit and recently I started a group me account for CPA exam support group please join us if you're studying for your CPA exam to discuss your exam preparation with me as well as other CPA candidates so first let's take a look at this example to see what we are giving we are giving the bank record as of July 31st the bank statement is showing we have eight thousand three hundred and fifty dollars we are giving the general ledger cash balance as of July 31st per hour books nine thousand two hundred and fifty this is what we are giving also we are giving the July 30th which is the adjusted bank balance the adjusted book balance and deposit and transit and outstanding checks and this is again for the prior month now we are giving also July deposit five thousand dollar per the bank statement this is what the bank statement is showing per books it's showing five thousand eight hundred and ten so the first thing I'm gonna do I'm gonna adjust my bank balance so my bank balance and don't worry I'm gonna be don't worry about how things are presented I will show you the solution on the next slide properly written out but basically you will start with your bank balance and your bank balance is showing as of July 31st eight thousand three hundred and fifty eight thousand three hundred and fifty now here's what your July deposits are showing if you look at your bank account it shows that you have five thousand of deposit if you look at your books it shows that you deposited five thousand five hundred and ten dollars at face value it look as if you have deposit and transit of eight hundred and ten what does it mean eight hundred and ten it means your bank is showing five thousand dollar but you your your book is showing five thousand eight hundred and ten well at face value indeed eight hundred and ten but you have to be very careful if the prior month is giving and this is the trick here's what they're telling you they're telling you from the prior month you have deposit and transit of one thousand and forty dollars what does that mean it means in this five thousand dollar bank deposit you have to back out the one thousand and forty dollars that you deposited in July because this was this this one thousand and forty belongs to July but it was not showing now it's showing dear I'm sorry it belongs to June not July this one thousand and forty you deposited in June but it's not showing to July therefore for when you prepare your bank deposit in July you have to back out this one thousand forty of June therefore your true June deposit if you back it out it's three thousand nine hundred and sixty this is your true June deposit well but your books are showing that you deposited five thousand eight hundred and ten therefore the difference between them is your deposit and transit which is one thousand eight hundred and fifty therefore we add deposit and transit one thousand eight hundred and fifty for the month of for the month of July once again at face value it looks like you are missing eight hundred and ten dollars but that's not true why because really the July deposit included one thousand and forty from June you have to back it out and this is what I did here so your true bank deposits were three thousand nine hundred and sixty but on the books it shows you deposited five thousand eight hundred and ten therefore deposit and transit one thousand eight hundred and fifty make sure this is this is one of the tricks here the second thing is outst July checks per bank it shows that you cleared four thousand dollars of checks but on your books it shows for July you only wrote three thousand one hundred hold on a second at face value it looks like someone is writing checks for your company and not recording those checks those checks on the books is that true well at face value it looks like this but if we examine the prior monthly bank reconciliation if you are giving that prior monthly bank reconciliation it shows that you have one thousand five hundred from the prior month from from June you have to assume that those were cleared in July therefore if we take four thousand dollar of checks back out the June checks well it means the bank cleared two thousand five hundred of the checks that you have written however on your books it shows you wrote three thousand one hundred checks well now we know we have six hundred of outstanding checks what do we do with outstanding checks we deduct outstanding checks once again don't worry about my handwriting you will see it clearly on the next slide now on the bank side the bank adjusted side is nine thousand six hundred I'm going to tell you there are no errors in this problem because the purpose is not to make you deal with errors just to kind of help you understand this concept so now we're going to go from the bank side to the book side and on the book side we saw that our beginning balance is nine thousand nine thousand two hundred and fifty now what we do is we go through the bank reconciliation that deals with the book balance well it shows that the bank deposited seven hundred dollar on our behalf well we're going to add notes receivable seven hundred dollars our bank shows that we have twenty five dollars of bank service charge well service fee negative twenty five now bear in mind for every adjustment we made we make on the books we have to prepare an adjusting entry and the adjusting entry would always involve either a debit or a credit to cash for example for the seven hundred dollars we debit cash seven hundred we create the note receivable for that client seven hundred dollars the service fee we're going to debit service fee expense twenty five we're going to credit cash twenty five that's the journal entry then there was a July non-sufficient check return from a client three hundred and twenty five dollars what does that mean it means a client sent us a check and in good faith when we receive that check we debited cash on our books three twenty five and we credited the account receivable for that client three twenty three twenty three twenty five now the bank tell us that check is no good well what do we have to do with non-sufficient checks we are going to deduct three twenty five we're going we're going to deduct three twenty five and the entry is to to fix this error we're going to debit account receivable three twenty five we're going to credit cash three twenty five simply put we will reverse this entry now if my math is right when i when i go through all of this computation it shows that my book balance is nine thousand six hundred notice my bank balance is nine thousand six hundred my book balance nine thousand six hundred simply put everything that's on the bank statement was added to my books and everything that was missing from my bank statement was added such as deposit and transit and outstanding checks added to the bank side once those two reconciled simply put it means i accounted for everything whether it's on my books i made sure it's on my bank statement and if it's not if it's on my bank statements and not on my books i add it to my books and after all said and done the adjusted bank balance should equal to each other and this is what it looks like notice i have my this is my beginning book balance plus deposit and transit minus outstanding checks this is my adjusted bank balance my my balance per books started at this much i added the denotes receivable i deducted the bank service charge i deducted my non-sufficient check and this is my bank my book balance and it should equal to my bank balance and this is the journal entry all in one shot so i debited cash 700 credited the counter receivable 700 then i debited office expense service charge 25 credited cash 25 this is a combined entry just in case in case you are not comfortable with this go back to what i did when i broke them each one by a separate journal entry but this is it's all combined it's called a compound entry what should you do now go to my website farhatlectures.com don't shortchange yourself and do what practice multiple choice questions true faults exercises don't shortchange yourself invest in your accounting invest in your cpa preparation invest in your professional certification it's going to pay dividend for years good luck study hard and of course stay safe


Hola! Don't I sound like Anya? Don't I sound like Panko? Whatever, okay. I can't speak any Spanish, so I hope that I've seen already that many of you maybe not here, but in Spain don't speak English, so I might think that I can speak whatever I want. But anyway, I'm caught up. Some people think that I'm from Krypton because they pronounce my name as Kalev, Superman, but actually I'm from Estonia. So, today I'm here because I'm talking about a little bit about WordPress, but more about the crisis that came in the beginning of 2008. Estonia went into economic crisis and my company went into wave bottom. So, to understand what kind of crisis it was, I'll tell you two stories about the fridge. You know, the fridge will keep the food. My fridge was empty, beautiful white. There was no money. There was no money to buy any food to buy any stuff. So I was waiting, actually one invoice that was left to be paid. No other invoices for the future. So, there it was. The empty fridge. So she was unemployed, so she was happy. She didn't get back the cigarettes because she was a smoker. So everybody was happy and so I thought, I know I will only transfer the money to another account so I can take it out. I was preparing the list, so everything that would go into it. And so we, 15 minutes later, quickly, so I quickly thought two months later, the other fridge story. We had these kids and I also have done, these engines are done and it makes ugly noise. So annoying the kids are sleeping, it should be more quiet. So we were thinking that, actually we just suffered this noise all the time. We actually don't have to. Anyway, it's empty, so we were laughing and we unblocked it and it was silent. We laughed at each other. Anyway, this was just a bit about guest house business. I was in a tourist business and I thought that, okay, I should do something more that works through this lifetime. So I started this for developing. I'll just quickly finish my things because I had to let go of the employees. I was doing almost of that myself and my wife was also helping me. So a few hours later I tell my team again that, okay, we're going home in a second, wait a little bit. Until it's like 10 o'clock, and they say, okay, now we quickly need to pass through the post office to bring some stuff away. This was a family lifestyle that I actually didn't want. So we decided that we need to change. We need to change something. And we decided to pay for anything at all. So we just paid deposit money and sold our TVs, stuff.  Right now there's lots of ice and snow, but not like here. Beautiful weather. So we decided to do some stuff. In the Internet we have a lot of new skills. Actually, before I was going to just do WordPress, I could have saved a lot of money if I didn't know that before. While I started my website, I thought, why did we do this service or why did it happen? And I was really angry and bad emotions about it. And then it seems it's just something that you have in the situation. But it's your body, because I was offering this service to help them to how to run your costs. You could cut down everything and then change other companies and improve them. While I was one huge creator that became my client and I was learning about WordPress. It fixes about 90% of the page SEO. So I changed the platform to WordPress and used videos for marketing. I did it before. And also I learned that maybe while you're doing things in your way and you think that this is right, sometimes you need to change the angle, you need to change yourself then things go better. Because maybe the business was not. I was in the beginning I thought that we would make money to advertising and stuff. But video series or these videos and the same videos can be used in Russia or in Estonia and nobody could tell the actual benefits if it wasn't made especially for that website. So we now sell quality content for different websites and help other companies make money with our products. So it's a win-win-win situation where the visitors of our client's site get really good content from the website. Our clients get their money from it. We just need to think of it as less or something that needs to be changed. We need to get this business there. We just need to do things.