raised to the power n, various normalizations here. And actually, I want to put a zero here also, which again means that phi vanishes on the boundary. So if n is equal to 1, this is the integral of, if n is equal to 1, it's the integral minus phi Laplacian of phi, which then by integration by parts, since it vanishes on the boundary, is equal to this. It's the energy. But in higher dimensions, when you use the Montchampere energy, you have to assume that the function here is pleurisabharmonic in order for this to be reasonable, because you want this expression here to be positive. So it's important that it be pleurisabharmonic. And then you can ask the following question. Save it. It's time to ask the question. Yeah, it is a question. So problem. What question? Does the Pauliasega theorem hold for Montchampere energy? So is it true that, well, the energy omega phi is that greater than the energy over the ball of the same volume of phi hat? Do you have such an inequality for the Schwarz symmetrization? In particular, you need for this, in order for the question to be reasonable, you want your functions to be pleurisabharmonic. So one thing you need is that phi hat is also pleurisabharmonic. That's important for the problem to make sense. And unfortunately, this is not true. So the project somehow stops here, at least for a while. It doesn't really make sense, because it's not pleurisabharmonic anymore. But we add an extra hypothesis. So add hypothesis, namely that phi is S1 invariant. And that means, now, by definition, it's going to mean that phi of e to the i theta of c is equal to phi of c, when theta lies on S1. So this somehow eliminates the problem completely in one complex variable, because if you have S1 invariant, it is already radial. So of course, the problem is clear. But if you are in higher dimensions, then just one symmetry is not so much. And so you still have a lot of degrees of freedom. And you can ask the problem for such functions there. And then you can say something. So that's the first thing is that the problem makes sense. Assume also that you need to assume something about the domain. So assume omega is balanced. And that means, for me right now, that if lambda is a complex number smaller than 1, then it should imply, ah, and if c lies in omega, then I want lambda c to lie in omega. So it's a little bit stronger than saying just that it's S1 invariant. It was complete in a way. So it particularly contains the origin and things like that. And then we have the first theorem then. It says that if phi S1 invariant and omega balanced, for instance, of all, implies that phi hat is pleurisaparmonic. To the radial, the Schwarz symmetrization is still pleurisaparmonic. And so the problem makes sense. So that's theorem one. I'm going to say something about the proofs here later. Actually, I think I'm almost going to give the proofs. But let me give you the other result also then. The theorem two then, about the poly. I think it's an idea why we might even have expected that to be true, especially since pleurisaparmonics, this condition on planes. Yes, and it gets completely distorted, right? So no, I can only say that you wanted it to be true. And then you checked if it were true. Actually, there is a counterpart which I think is known. And that is that if you take a convex function in Rn and you take the Schwarz symmetrization, then it is still convex. I haven't really exactly found that statement. But I found a corresponding statement for convex sets in the book by Bondeson and Fenchel. So that's more or less equivalent, I think. I should say that this statement for convex functions is based on Brunminkowski inequality. And this will also, in the complex setting, it will also depend on the version of Brunminkowski theorem. Well, and then anyway, then we get back to the question there about the energy. And then you have that then, I can write it like this, that the answer to question is yes, if and only if. It's not always yes, but it depends on the domain. So it is yes if and only if omega is an ellipsoid. So in particular, it's true for the ball, which is not trivial. You might think it's trivial since it's already, but the function is not radial. So if you take any plurisobamonic function in the ball and you symmetrize, it's still plurisobamonic and the energy goes down, just like in the Polyaseketer. But you cannot say this about any domain. Actually, it's true if and only if the domain is an ellipsoid. That's the main theorem. OK, before I go on here and indicate the proofs, I would like to just give one little interlude here, which I find intriguing about theorem one here, that plurisobamonicity is preserved. So that's just a remark, which is the following. It's connected with the openness conjecture remark. So let me recall the openness conjecture in complex analysis for plurisobamonic functions. It was formulated by de Magie and Collard. And it says the following, if let phi be plurisobamonic, say, in the ball, it's not so important exactly to the domain there, and be such that the integral over the ball e to the minus phi is finite. So you should think of it as singular at the origin, but this is a measure of how singular it can be. The e to the minus phi is still finite. Then the openness conjecture, so that's the problem, still open, there is an r greater than 1, such that if you look at this integral, so you make it a little bit more singular, this thing, over the ball, then it's still finite. That's the problem. So this is a very elementary problem, but it's been open for like 15 years, so I don't know exactly. So it was proved in the case of n equal to 2 by Charles Favre and Matthias Jonsson. So the only remark here just to illustrate the theorem here is that the corollary of the theorem is that if the answer is yes, if the function phi is S1 invariant, it still doesn't make the problem completely evident that it's S1 invariant, because again, it's just one symmetry, and you can have a lot of variables here. In particular, functions that are associated to a matrix on line bundles over a projective space that will have this thing here, you can apply to them. So the proof here is so easy that I think I would like to give it. It's always good to give a real easy proof to inspire a sentiment of security in the audience. So let's see that. So the proof is just this, that integral e to the minus phi finite implies that integral e to the minus phi hat is finite, because they are the same. They are equidistributed. And now you can check the openness conjecture for radial functions. And that's a completely elementary exercise convex function. So it implies that there isn't some r such that e to the minus r phi hat is finite. I'm not going to do that, it's very elementary. And then since they are equidistributed, this is the same as integral e to the minus r phi. So it's finite, and that ends the proof. So it's very easy in that case. And of course, it would be nice if one could somehow, by some finagling, get the general result this way. But I don't know how. So I leave it to you too. That's a problem too, get the general result from there. OK, so now I'm going to say something about the proof of theorem one. So let's see what that. Yes. Yeah, so it uses a proposition. This is where bagman kernels appear. So the proposition is the following.  Pseudo-convex. And you'll look at the slices. d tau is the set of all C in Cn such that tau C lies in d. So it's going to look something like this. Here's the tau axis. Here is the Cn axis. And here is a pseudo-convex domain d. And you look at the slices like this. Assume now that these functions are S1 invariant. Well, assume they are balanced, say. Well, say d tau, yeah, d tau balanced. Basically S1 invariant and connected. That's what I want. Then the proposition says that the logarithm of the volume of d tau is superharmonic. So the map that sends tau to this is superharmonic. So in particular, if it's independent of the imaginary part of tau, it's concave. So concave if independent of imaginary part. So that's the theorem. And this you should compare to the Brunminkowski theorem. So compare of Brunminkowski. So one way to formulate the Brunminkowski theorem is to say exactly the same thing in Rn. But this is convex then, instead. You take the slices. And then there's no assumption on S1 invariant or anything. And the conclusion is that this function is concave then. So this is, if you want to, with a complex version of the Brunminkowski inequality for pseudo-convex sets in Sia. Now the proof of this, it rests on property of bagman kernels that I'm not going to get into. So the starting point is a theorem of mine from a couple of years ago. It says that if you let k tau of 0 be the bagman kernel d tau at the point 0, at the origin. The origin is inside of d tau. Then logarithm of k tau 0 is subharmonic. That's the theorem that I'm not going to prove. We can use this that the variation of bagman kernels are subharmonic in the parameter there. So this rests on L2 estimates and d bar operators and such things. So you have that. And then because of the symmetry, so d tau balanced implies that you can actually easily compute the bagman kernel. And you find that it is equal to 1 over the volume of d tau. Because the bagman kernel is a holomorphic function with a reproducing property for 0 and a constant by the mean value property or for an S1 invariant set, a constant is such a reproducing holomorphic function so it must be the bagman kernel. So that ends the proof when you know the fact about the bagman kernel. So that's it. So this we have that the slices here, the volumes of those are superharmonic. And for us, they would be concave then if they don't depend on an imaginary part. OK, now you can look at proof of theorem 1 then. For theorem 1, remember that the defining property of the Schwarz symmetrization was that we had to look at the set where phi hat was going to be radial. So now I say it's a function of not of c but of logarithm or modulus of c. It's more convenient. So the defining property was that the set where phi hat smaller than t was going to be equal to the measure of this was going to be equal to the measure of the set where phi was smaller than t. Now, this is equal to f is going to be increasing. You can assume it's strictly increasing. So this is going to be equal to the set where c, where mod c is smaller than e to the f inverse of t. This is the same thing as that. So this just says that f of log c is smaller than that. You take the inverse of this increasing function and you get the f inverse there. And then you take the exponential, you get this. And you can compute this. This is the volume of a ball. So it's equal to some constant e to the n times f inverse of t. That's what it does. Now, this is equal to the set where phi minus the real part of tau is smaller than 0, or the set of c such that this holds. So if you let the set of all tau and c such that phi minus real part of tau less than 0, if you call that d, this is a pseudo convex set. I can apply the theorem of the proposition over there. And this is a slide of those sets. And I find that the proposition implies that the logarithm of the volume here, of the volume where phi hat is smaller than t, is concave. So it says exactly that f inverse is concave. So f inverse is concave. And then it means that f is convex in the inverse. And so if f is convex, log c, this is precisely the condition that this function is plural subharmonic. And then we're done. That's the theorem. OK, so that was the first part here. And then, now let's see how you estimate the energy. So that's theorem 2, the inequalities for the energies. And that is, that uses the method of geodesics. So let me say something about that. It uses, now, so for theorem 2, we let phi, and I take then first, there are several directions, two directions. First, we take omega to be the ball. Omega to be a ball. So then we want to prove that the theorem is true, that the energy goes down. And now we let phi be the function then, which is plural subharmonic vanishing on the boundary of the ball. And now I'm going to compare it to another function for which I know that the theorem is true. So I take another function, phi 0, which is also going to be in there. So this is an auxiliary function. And it's going to satisfy that phi 0 is some function. It is already radial. So it's its own short cementization. Phi 0 is equal to phi 0 hat. So the theorem is certainly OK for phi 0. And I want to prove that it's OK for phi. And I connect them now with the geodesic. So connect with the geodesic. So we let phi equal to phi 1 and connect with geodesic. So I'm using abuse of language here. So there is a well-established notion of geodesics in the space of smooth, strictly plural subharmonic function. It goes back to Mabucchi, Sems and Donovson, while in the setting of manifolds and matrix on line bundles. I'm going to use it a little bit more sloppily here. So I'm going to say that it's a geodesic. It means that I have phi t of c. They are all the time going to lie in the same space. And the geodesic condition is that phi of, if I let it, if I think of it as depending on the complex parameter, but independent of the imaginary part, this function here is a function of, I could write it as, capital phi of tau and c. It should be plural subharmonic with respect to all the variables. And that's not a geodesic equation because it's just some inequality. But it should set the geodesic equation then is that the Monchland pair with respect to all of the variables of capital phi equals 0. So by pluripotential theory, it's enough that the function is bounded or something like that. It's enough to define this, and you can give a sense to this, even though it's a little bit of using. It's not quite properly geodesic. But that's what I want to do. And you can always, by some super construction, you can always connect those functions with geodesic in this way. It's a theorem of Chen in the complex setting that says that you have some regularity up to almost the second derivatives. But it's not so important here. So we can just take it in a generalized sense. So I connect them there. And then I look at, then we need a lemma first. So I'm going to look at the energy along the geodesic. And then it's a known fact, basically known that the energy for phi t is an affine function. It's affine. So the energy depends very nicely on variations. And now we take for each fixed value of t there. We look at, right at the lemma, we can look at the Schwarz symmetrization. So they are all, as we know, pluripotential. Yeah, they're going to be S1 symmetric. So if phi is S1 symmetric, and then the geodesic is going to be complete all the time, S1 symmetric. So those are pluripotential all the time. And we know, actually, it's a sub-geodesic. That's maybe my own word. So it means that only the first part here, that phi hat of real part of tau and C is pluripotentharmonic with respect to all the variables. No more shamperequation. It's just the inequality. So that's the cousin of this theorem. You prove it more or less the same way. It's a little bit more complicated, but basically you can verify that. And then it follows from this a known fact of the energy functional, that if you look at the energy of phi hat of t, it's concave. So then things start to look good, because you have a concave function, and you have an affine function, and you want to prove some inequality between them. So we're not quite done yet. But this is the first important thing that you have this. So let's see. So it looks like this. Let me draw a graph. Here is t-axis. Here is the energy. And this is the energy of phi t. And for t equal to 0, they are the same, since it was already radial. So you have a concave function. It looks something like maybe like this, or maybe like that. That would be E of phi t hat. The question is, which of those pictures is the right one, so to speak? You want to have an inequality there. And the final lemma that does the trick is that the derivative of E phi t at t equal to 0 is the same thing as the derivative t equal to 0 of E of phi t hat. You have the same derivative. And then, of course, we are in that picture there. In this picture. And this was not correct. And so theorem follows. So how do you prove that's the last part, then, to see that the derivatives are the same? That's what you need to prove. And that's where the ball is important. It's important that it is precisely the ball. So let's see how you can prove this. That's actually the punch line of the proof. So let's see why. Well, you know how to compute derivatives of energy functional. So we know that modularity and some technicalities, you know that the derivative of E of phi t at t equal to 0 is equal to minus, well, it's actually an n plus 1 here, phi dot 0, mon champere of phi 0 over the ball. That's a classical formula for the derivative of the mon champere of energy. And then, by the same token, you have the same thing of the energy of phi t hat, but with dot. Dot is the t derivative at 0, and you still have the mon champere of phi 0 over the ball. And you want to prove that the hat is the Schwartz. So this is the. But at the point 0, it was already radial, so it is its own Schwartz symmetrization. But still, so those two are the same, but those two are not the same. So how do you know that the two integrals are equal? Well, that's a funny thing, which turns out to be. It's a very trivial thing, but it's actually the heart of the matter, it turns out, very surprisingly, at least to me. And that's the following observation that if you look at the mon champere of phi 0, which is a radial function, this is a radial function times. The mon champere of a radial function is a radial thing. So let that sink in. I mean, this is completely obvious that if you take something that depends only on the radius, and you take mon champere of that function, it's still a radial function. So it means that it is equal to some function of phi 0 for some f. Because if it is radial, it's a function of phi 0 also. So it satisfies some sort of equation like this. And then by the fundamental theorem of calculus, this f has a primitive function, g prime. And now you can plug it in here. And you see that, well, this is equal to, well, let me write it here, d dt of the integral, or d dt of the energy of E of phi t t equal to 0 is equal to, well, minus n plus 1 integral phi t. And then you have g prime of phi t. This is f of phi t, sorry, 0. And here 0. g prime of that is f of this, which is the mon champere. So this is basically is equal to minus n plus 1 times the derivative of the integral g of phi t at t equal to 0. Now you use the defining property of Schwartz symmetrization again that this is the, since this is some function of phi t, this is the same thing as the derivative. I can replace phi t now by the Schwartz symmetrization, well, still minus n plus 1 d dt of the integral g of phi t hat. Because those integrals are the same, for any function, they are the same. And then this is the derivative of E of phi t hat. And so they are, and that finishes to prove them. So let me say something about why this holds only for the ball then.  So let me say something about that. If you imagine that you try to prove the theorem for another domain, so let omega be a general balanced domain. Balanced, not necessarily the ball. You want to try to prove inequality like this over there for the energy. Then you would need to vary not only the function phi t, but also the domain, which is a bit complicated. So I don't want to do that. So I want to reformulate the problem so that it becomes a problem only for omega. So we can write it like this, that omega, since it is balanced, omega, you can think of it as a unit ball of something, unit ball for some norm, of norm n omega of c. Since it's a balanced thing, you can think of it as a norm of something. It's not convex anymore, so it's not a proper norm. But it's only pure sub-harmonic. But I'll put quotes there. And now I define a sort of a green function by taking the logarithm of that. So I let u omega be equal to the logarithm of the norm. So that's it. So that would be equal to, in the case of the ball, it would be my substitute for log mod c. Now I define omega symmetrization, not sword symmetrization, but omega symmetrization of phi. If I take a function phi, say, pure sub-harmonic or something in omega, I define the omega symmetrization by, I call it S omega phi. It's going to be equal to a function not of log c, but of a function of u omega instead. And it should still be equidistributed with phi. Equidistributed with phi. So I can define a symmetrization with respect to any domain like this by replacing logarithm of c by this function u that comes from the associated norm. OK, so that's my sword symmetrization. And then it's an easy exercise to see that it has the same energy, that's the omega symmetrization. And it's an easy exercise to see that it has the same energy as the sword symmetrization. So then E omega S omega of phi is equal to energy over the ball of phi hat of the sword symmetrization. So you can reformulate the problem then. The problem becomes, is it true that the energy over omega of phi is greater than the energy of its omega symmetrization? That's precisely equivalent. Well, you can pull the same proof. You can do the same proof. Try the same proof. You connect by a geodesic and everything works fine. So only problem is the last step then. Only problem is the last step. I want to find a comparison function. I want phi 0, which is a function, not radial now, but a function over u omega, such that the mon champere of phi 0 is equal to a function of phi 0. That's what I want. Not a radial function. I could find radial functions that satisfy this. Now I want to find a function which is a function of u omega that satisfies this. So why can I do this for the ball? Well, it's just because being radial means that you're invariant under the unitary group. But of course, for an arbitrary domain, there is nothing that corresponds to this. And actually, you can see that this works both ways so that the answer is yes if and only if you can find such a function. So the problem is actually equivalent to this. The problem is equivalent to the existence of such a function. Let me call this property a star or something. So the symmetrization inequality will hold if and only if there is a function satisfying this. So the problem is for which domain do we have such a function? Well, I should say one direction is that you could use the same proof and the other direction while it involves actually. But let me skip that. But it's a rather short argument saying that the problem is actually equivalent to this. And then the final result is this, and the proposition that completes the proof. The proposition is the following. That star holds if and only if omega is an ellipsoid. We can do it if and only if it's an ellipsoid. So let me say why that is true then to finish with that. The proof of this is the following. That proof u omega is log homogeneous. So it means that u of lambda c, since n is a norm or almost a norm, this is equal to logarithm of lambda plus u omega c. It satisfies this. Such functions are in one-to-one correspondence to metrics on a line bundle over a projective space. So this is the set of all u omega is in one-to-one correspondence with the set of metrics. Well, there is also pure subromanic, so the set of positively curved metrics on O1 over projective space. So you can reformulate the question here. Is there a function of u omega, such that, et cetera, et cetera, in terms of metrics over there? And then the surprise, well, at first glance, the surprising fact is that, and I'll write it here, then, so I call this something, so u omega corresponds to phi omega, which is a metric on O1. And then you can verify just by rather simple, explicit computation that u omega satisfies star if and only if phi, well, ddc of the metric. This is a calor metric on projective space. And it's precisely equivalent to this being K Einstein metric. It's K Einstein. This is just a computation that might look surprising. But when you write down the formula, it's not surprising anymore. You see that it's really this equation. And we know precisely which are the K Einstein metrics on projective space by special case of Mandel-Mabucchi theorem. So it implies that u omega, well, one case is, of course, logarithm of modulus of c. That's the standard round metric on projective space. And the other ones you get by applying an automorphism of projective space, which is a linear map in homogeneous coordinates. So it looks like this for some linear map. And that then says that omega is an ellipsoid. So that's the end of story. Not only bihologmorphic, but the linear image of a ball. So the problem is not the equivalent under bihologmorphic map, so it's a linear image of a ball. No, that could not be a complex ellipsoid, yeah. All right. In general case, do you have an estimate of the energy of the solicitation or something? Yes. So you mean to go back to a more saturated in equalities? No? To your question, if you recall. OK, OK. So if you take another one, that's the reason of a question I get. But I don't know. Because the method of proof with geodesics is something that it gives all or nothing, I think. So it's not conceivable that there could be a constant? I don't think so. But I can see no reason why there should be. Can just say that there is a, you can ask exactly the same problem for convex functions over convex domains in Rn. And then there is something like that. Then in order to get the reasonable problem, you have to multiply by a certain constant. That constant is the molar volume of the convex set. So then there is something in that line, I guess. But I'm not sure what happens here. Yeah? So you said the openness conjecture is proved in two dimensions? In two dimensions, yes. So where is this used? Where is it used? Yes. You mean applications of that? No, no, no. I mean the condition on the. Ah, OK, OK. So how do they use n equal to 2 in the proof? Well, the proof is actually very, very complicated. So it depends on, what I shouldn't say because I haven't read it in detail, but it depends on a theory that they developed independently. The local analysis of singularities of pleurisabarmonic functions. So they studied the singularities of pleurisabarmonic functions by taking successive blow-ups. And in case the pleurisabarmonic function is logarithm. If the singularities are analytic, so it's the logarithm of some holomorphic map or something, you can blow up. So many times and the singularities will disappear. But if it's general pleurisabarmonic function, you blow up infinitely many times. So you get something defined on some abstract space, a laburkovich space, or something like that. And then you get an object defined on something called the tree of valuations or something like that. And that theory seems to work only for n equal to 2. But it's not easy. I mean it's a book. No. Are there questions? Let's think through again.


Thanks everybody sorry for the technical difficulty. I definitely made it a little difficult. I'm out and about today and Ended up with other calls so I hope everybody's enjoyed today and had a chance to attend, you know, at least some of the things Some of the presentations Unfortunately, I did not but I did go over them this past weekend and I really wanted to you know Thank you everybody. I thought there was some excellent papers in there. So first off I wanted to thank Dr. Franco Gasparone Gasparone if I butchered your name sir. I'm sorry the southern thing. He's the CEO and co-founder of Adakor One of the thanks captain Margaret Wilson the PM of now bear 209 Chris Crip the CEO addition introduction for faith and And Patrick all your from aspirin consulting for the Sosa introduction as well as the 21 presenters who presented more in-depth information on faith Sosa and Cosmos and Mosa Hopefully the great thing about these events and hopefully you found that to be the case is These events are normally open to the public So it gives a chance for people who are unfamiliar with faith or Sosa to find out more information And I think the papers are a great way to actually do that We had, you know, 15 different papers presented You know from faith stands so says a hole and their benefit They you know additional standards, you know are discussed as well And I heard the last part of the last presentation and they talked about You know, not just a faith standard, but you got to think about it from a holistic perspective And one thing that I've done within PEO aviation is I've actually driven in Four standards that I told them they really need to be concentrating on there's others I think we'll get to them, but the four are faith post Sosa and victory or Seymour So I think you know once we see those People start getting it and they start understanding because now we've covered the software of the hardware a sensor Application as well as the network. So the majority of the primary coverage for our aircraft on it In a brief summary of today's time, you know, whether you're a member of the faith or Sosa consortium An academic government or industry partner our goal was to impact valuable new open architecture information resources in context 87% of the presentations Where by industry representatives that's critical It you know as a government person it it's refreshing to me to see that kind of interaction by our industry partners I think that goes a long way toward, you know, helping us get to where we need to be as far as our platforms are concerned Like I said, hopefully you were able to attend these and I hope you had a few takeaways rapidly advancing type efforts in these open standards for Mosa The services, you know managers and acquisition communities are engaged, you know in to achieve what we're trying to do It's it's critical for us You know to get buy in from everybody because We need buy in from the industry partners to help us As well as us trying to learn and do it as well One of the things that I always tell within our PEO is we often we have to figure out ways to train ourselves Better and faster so we understand what we're getting and I think these kind of events actually go in and help that Uh These technical standards, you know that were presented they give just a few of many standards available To produce that commonality of an avionics Environment and you know, and it's just a drop in the bucket I mentioned the four that I pushed within PEO aviation. I think those are the ones that I think all the services should be or could be using and I think that's coming down the line Somebody got a phone Um For those who attended the tri services architecture event back in late january Um, since that time both consortium have made significant strides in expanding open architecture environment To include other form factors and potential applications I've actually started a program with the air force Where we're trying to develop something uh, ilia and I talked We he he had the ideal I jumped on it We're going to supply the face portion to it and he's going to supply a lot a lot of hardware side and you know And I look forward to seeing that thing roll out Uh, I think that's going to be critical Uh to show what ours and to be a little selfish here I hope to roll it out at a tri services event that we're going to attempt to hold for the third time in late january uh, I I'm hoping I don't get uh, I don't still have to deal with covet. I may Uh, if I if I do I may throw up my hands on but, um, I really hope to have that rolled out It will also be shown at the, um The tim the navy will hold next year in march I plan on having it in our booth at that time as well So that one is actually, you know, it will demonstrate from a hardware side and a software side And it will show the combination, you know between face and the social technical requirements One thing about today, you know, most of the papers discuss the benefits of those open standards Such as software modularity portability inter-off ability enhance upgrade Enhanced upgrade ability and scalability. Uh, those are critical of for us, you know The pentagon has actually been pushing A lot of these things down on us. They are, you know, they've signed off the mosa um policy to us And it the one thing we're also trying to do is we're trying to, you know, and Inform them of what they're doing because in a lot of cases they're wanting to mix terms They're wanting to talk about a digital engineering environment a mosa environment And then a model based system engineering And they want to start confusing all these and then when you start trying to throw in the standards They really get confused. So it's things that I'm finding matter of fact I'm actually on a telecon at the at this particular moment with them Where we're trying to straighten out some of that Um In closing, uh, we've got a couple of upcoming events. I've mentioned these already Um The try services event, uh, it's tennis really scheduled again for january 19th of 21 Um, it will be in Huntsville I'm, you know, I'm very much looking forward to that To follow that one up. We're going to actually have the uh now bearer face and sosa expo in town again but that will be on march 23rd of 21, uh for the tim portion of it and I I think it's valuable and as I talk to uh captain wilson and john And and crew, you know, I really thought I really want to make sure that they had an opportunity To get their pms and everybody in because I think it's it those are sellable moments To the military pms and it gives them a chance to understand What we're trying to do because we can go in and talk about it a lot But until we can actually show it to them and when they see it It's it's amazing how much it clicks. Uh, when I hosted the one two years ago You know general Todd was very impressed and he wanted to know when I could do another one So and that's it it really catapulted us to start driving things down And we need that buy-in from all three services and I think the trial services Playing that the navy came up with was a great concept Uh, I thought they did an excellent job. You know this past year Uh, and and I really look forward to hosting it again So and then the last one will be an army cam. Uh, september 14th of 2021 Hosted also in huntsville Um It's it's going to be another one of those cases where I try to build each time that we do a team Uh, I try to build something new. I try to show How it will fit into our platforms Because when our pms walk through I want them to understand how it could affect their aircraft And I believe that becomes the biggest selling point in all the talking I could ever do so And for the ones that have been around me, you know, I'm not a loss for words very many times But they really help, you know, when they they get a chance to see it And uh, I I'm going to do what I've tried to do in the past and that's going to try to get General Barry to make it a duty station for the day to see if I can't get even more of their people there at that event.  So, uh If anybody has any questions, uh, please Reggie or somebody please read them back to me Joseph, uh, yeah, there's one here. Um, does space consortium have plans to open itself and on us participants? We we are looking at it. Um My goal is as I've mentioned to the open group board of directors I'm resetting communications with the state department Until I can get their bio off, you know, I've got to hold off and and you know, not allow them In at the moment. We're trying to actively act Act like we have foreign nationals to show that it won't be a problem And I you know, I I think it's just trying to get a hold to the right Personnel at the state department to get that Accomplished, but it is every bit of my goal to remove it are off of our documentation And to open it up for international participation There's another question Joe. Um, will the january army tsa id in march now they have faced him be hybrid Hosted virtually as well as in person Joe if I may interject for forgive me. This is sally bixby with navair pma 209 Um, Joe, uh, let me feel that answer if you don't mind Sure. Oh, very good. Uh Circling back Reggie you shared the question on march the navair, uh, tim that's going to be happening at the holiday in on march 23rd That this time will not be a hybrid event that will be a live event only and we're certainly hoping that covet 19 will Uh, allow us to do so that certainly travel restrictions will be lifted enough again for us to be face to face Um, Joe in speaking with yourself and alisha I do understand that uh, if in fact your january tsa id event in huntsville Is able to take place it is likely Going under that same plan in other words, it will be a live event. I don't believe joe that You are entertaining doing that virtually. Is that correct for january? That that is absolutely correct. I have no interest in doing that kind of an event. Um, virtually Um, and I want people to actually be able to see it I won't be able to people to lay their hands on it and be able to ask the people questions Yeah, yeah Okay, perfect. And we we at navair feel the exact same way and are very excited and very hopeful that march is going to come off live. So, um, That said reggie, uh, I'll let you close it But I did just don't want to say one thing further And that is as as joe said and echoing uh to mr. Gasperoni Captain wilson joe yourself And to the exceptional events Team at the open group and all of the open group membership of sosa and face That bear is very grateful for everyone's participation And I just wanted to as I say a final moment from myself To thank you very deeply for all of your efforts for this particular tim And in our future events together and with that reggie Ma'am, I turn it over to you joe sir. Thank you very much reggie all yours Thanks, sally


So I'm Kumavis from MetaMask, and today we will be dissecting the fox. Are there any MetaMask users out there? Does anyone have it? Wow, that's amazing. So yeah, we'll be looking at its parts and pieces and figure out how it ticks. To begin, let's take a look at the eyes and the brain, what we see, what we know. First of all, we know we must be doing something right. We have just shy of 200,000 users and growing at quite a pace. We're in Chrome, Firefox, Opera, and recently Brave. Not in Safari. They have not adopted the standards that we rely on. They like to think differently over there. More on Brave, not just Brave support, but actually Brave integration. If you go to a Web 3 enabled DAP in Brave, it'll bring up that bar at the top. Recommending that you install MetaMask in order to use Ethereum applications for all Brave users. This is fantastic. Some other statistics. Despite its popularity, MetaMask still represents about 5% of the transactions on the network by volume. We had a peak at about 10%. And I think the other wallets are about the same, maybe amuse a little more, but there's clearly a large amount of activity on the blockchain that must be automated, perhaps exchanges or mining pools. I'd love to hear if anyone's done some data analysis there. In the past year, there's been some fantastic DAPs that have come out that play well with MetaMask. The new state of the DAPs website is fantastic. And you can even search by MetaMask compliant DAPs by just adding the MetaMask filter. I encourage you to check that out. To sort of gauge what is the most popular DAPs right now, we have some data from Infura. In first place is Ether Delta. In second is Oasis DEX, both token exchanges. Obviously tokens have been very popular, so no surprise there. In third place is MetaMask itself. We're a bit noisy and we are constantly tracking the latest block, updating balances and whatnot. After that is the ENS registrar. ENS was a big hit this year. After that, we got Token Factory.  You can create a token, sending it around. Clearly, we have lots of people experimenting with Ethereum, trying to get an idea of how to use it. After that, there's the SI, the simple stable token experiment, and the wallet.etherium.org. This is actually the official Ethereum wallet interface, and you can visit that in your regular browser with MetaMask, and it works. Then a long tail of various other projects and experiments out there, including <IP_ADDRESS>. Obviously, many developers out there cranking away. We also had a successful security audit this year. They said, in sum, the MetaMask project should be considered safe and secure. That's great. To keep up with the rapid growth, our team has grown from four to 10. Much thanks to the design by Christian. He did the original logo. Thomas has helped us out with testing, and James has really saved us doing support answering user questions. If you send us an email, he's who you're talking to. The Kilken team has helped us out very much with a new look and feel, and I have to thank consensus for making this possible. Yes, let's take a look at the fur and skin, the look and feel of MetaMask next. For that, I bring on Dan from the Kilken team, also known as Dino Dan. What's up? I'm Dan. I am part of the Kilken team. We do apps and interfaces for blockchain companies. You can find us at Kilken.io. I will talk about version four of MetaMask, the new UI, some token management features, and our new responsive layout with multiple form factors. As you can see, the new UI here is completely redesigned. Shout out again to Christian for some great work. It looks a lot better and is quite a bit easier to use. We hope you like it. Look out for the rollout in the next couple of weeks on the Chrome Store and several other browsers. Next up is add token, which is a feature that we've cleaned up a lot. As you can see here, you can do a string search for your token name and token symbol. This is actually an open source project you can make a contribution to called eth-contract-metadata. Right now we're searching for maker, and we can add it as you can see here. You can also add a custom contract token as you're aware of. We're going to automatically fetch the token metadata. This is the XeroX token contract address. After you've added your token, you can send your tokens, which is a new feature. I've got some Kiosk here for our company, Kilken. I can send my tokens to my friend, and I've got a new gas tooltip to customize the gas price. We're all about responsive design, of course. So you've got two form factors here, mobile and desktop. On the left-hand side, you have account and balances. And on the right-hand side, you have transactions. And on the top right, you've got your familiar network drop-down and account settings. And next up, I'd like to introduce Frankie to talk a little bit about MetaMask in the browser and what the future holds. Can you guys hear me? Oh, perfect. I can hear myself. Hi, I'm Frankie. I am a core dev on MetaMask. I'd like to thank Dan one more time for coming up and speaking for us. So let's talk about building dApps with MetaMask. We recommend this pattern today if you want to build a dApp. As you can see, it's quite a bit of code. And personally, I think it's a little clunky and that we can do better. I've wandered too far from the laptop to wander back. I would like to announce MetaMaskerra. MetaMaskerra is a module that you can require in your build system or drop in as a script tag, like so, to use the CDN. MetaMaskerra finds the environmental provider and works with Miss. MetaMask extension and Parity will extract it for you. And if we actually go back here, we can see how that works. And you just call CreateDefaultProvider and it will get it for you. If there is no environmental Web3 to extract the provider from, MetaMask will, or MetaMaskerra, connects to the new MetaMask web app at wallet.metaMask.io. Let me just hold for a second there, guys. That means your users don't have to download MetaMask anymore. To demo this, I've built a little DAP here that we can see how the flow of what it will look like using MetaMaskerra. Go and create password. Sure, we're all used to this. Of course, we've kept our lovely Fox. It's also a little slow. Sorry, I didn't speed it up for you guys. We'll generate a unique account. Ignore the beta notice, as we always do. Also just scroll straight down and then do seed phrase. Get a good look at that seed phrase, everybody. And just as a little added bonus to protect our users, we've added a little game to make sure that you've backed up your seed phrase correctly. We'll go through and click things. It's fun. Now, of course, I'm only human. Thank God I wrote my seed phrase. As you can see, it's not going to let me confirm that because it's wrong. So we can all awkwardly sit here now and watch me try to figure it out. There you go. You're doing a good job. It's OK. Go on. She gets nervous on stage. There we go. And of course, it takes you to this deposit page, which I'm going to skip for the sake of the demo, and takes you to the account details screen. And we go back to the dep, click Bonk Me. And if you can see here in a second, the MetaMask window is going to pop up just like you would see in the extension. So let's talk about how that works. MetaMask, as you know, it is an extension and provides a single background process for different applications to talk to, so users can use the same keys. We've created a very similar flow here by hosting MetaMaskera. We'll inject an iframe into the web page that talks to the service worker underneath wallet.metaMask.io. The service worker contains the MetaMask core, which also talks to the UI. And moving on. I would just like to remind everyone also that MetaMaskera is a developer beta, and if you find any issues, please report them. We greatly appreciate it. Now I'd like to welcome Kamavis back up stage to talk about the evolution of MetaMask. Hello, hello. Hello, excellent. Yes, let's talk about where this fox is headed. Just a small one to begin with, debug trace transaction. If you saw the demo for remixed.etherium earlier, it's a fantastic tool for debugging the transactions behavior in your contract. But previously, it's required test RPC, or especially configured geth node in order to use it. And soon to be pushed to production, you can use it right in MetaMask against any network you're pointing at. Another RPC method, our first new one, the first one that has been implemented in MetaMask and not yet parody in geth. This is eth sign types data from eep712. This gives us a human readable structured data signing format. You can specify some parameters and their value. And when they are intercepted by MetaMask, here's a little mock up. We can display that sort of that form data before you decide to sign or deny. This is very useful for state channels. Moving on to some internal organs, the heart to really key management. We've broken out the key ring controller and one of our key ring types, the hierarchal deterministic key ring. And you can use these as modules if you're building a JavaScript wallet. And if you build other key ring types that match that API, they can be added to the key ring controller or added to MetaMask. If we build the requisite UI for them, so they slot right in. So yes, wallet developers, please feel free to use these modules, take advantage of our security audit. We know many people have been waiting for hardware wallet support, contract proxy account support, and coming soon the account abstraction from the next fork. They can be implemented using those key ring types. Another internal organ of MetaMask is the blockchain data source, the provider. We've been experimenting with a IPFS based zero and light client. And what would that look like? It's, well, it would fit right into the network menu in MetaMask like you're used to. Select Ethereum via IPFS. And it works just like you'd imagine it would. However, since selecting an item from a menu doesn't really make for a great demo, we have a data visualization of what's happening behind the scenes. So this is still a very early stage. It's naive. It's doing lots of back and forth. What you see here is it's lazily loading nodes from the state graph in order to provide data for multiple instances of the Ethereum virtual machine running in parallel. Currently, it's looking up some data on the OMG token, a couple of accounts balances, as well as the total supply. The blue is the state graph, and the green is inside the contract, the contract storage. If you have some questions about that, find me afterwards. I'd be happy to answer them. This is still very early stage experimental. We've spun up a project called Moustakala to organize some of the efforts to bridge Ethereum and IPFS. Sounds like many other projects have been working on this as well, so we look forward to working with them. And yes, the foxes howl. Many people ask you how can we collaborate. We're very open to this. Please just reach out. In particular, if you're doing a token launch and you are recommending Metamask to your users, please get ahold of us. We've had many, many support questions over the past year and sometimes don't know where to direct our users to actually get the information. So please take care of your users. And one way you can do that is to reach out to us. Another howl, how to contribute. Of course, Metamask is all open source. We would love to have your contributions. We're looking forward to integrating with Gitcoin, GitToken, and all these incentive schemes that the ecosystem has been creating. If you really like Metamask, we're also hiring, reach out to us. Oh, yeah. We also would like to highlight a few other things in the peer-to-peer ecosystem. As Joseph Poon has said many times, the blockchain should be sort of the Supreme Court. We should only go there as often as necessary. And there's many elements of this decentralized ecosystem that, frankly, don't need a blockchain. And so I think that we need to explore some of the already existing projects that are doing a great job there. I'd like to highlight the Beaker browser. This is an awesome peer-to-peer browser. It's based on the DAP network, which is comparable to IPFS. It lets you share and serve websites peer-to-peer, as well as create your own websites. Patchwork, which is one interface on the Secure Scuttlebutt network, this is a very highly featured social network that's completely peer-to-peer and doesn't use blockchain at all. This is fantastic. I think you'll enjoy exploring its community. So please check it out. Oh, yes. And one more thing, that mascara that Frankie demoed, it works right now on Chrome for Android, right in your browser. So try that out. Thank you.


Hi, good afternoon everyone. Can you all hear me at the back there? The smartest people in the world come from the back benches. No offense intended to the front benches here. So welcome to our panel discussion and pitch session today. My name is Madan. I have multiple hats. I have your story and we tie Bangalore and today we are going to do a pitch session in the format of Mixer, mxr.world. Mixer.world is a hybrid platform for showcasing startups, connecting them to investors and the larger ecosystem. So we also, at the end of this event, we also publish all the pitch decks online. So if you go to mxr.world, you can see over 100 pitch decks in categories of startups by theme, education, fintech, AI, enterprise workflow and so on and so forth. Today our focus is design and I'm very thankful, grateful to the organizers of UX India for launching this first panel at this conference and I hope it'll be a part of the regular conferences every year from now on.  So as you all know, Bangalore is the hub of the IT sector. Bangalore is also the hub of five other areas. One of course is traffic jams, but let's not go in that direction. Bangalore is also the micro brewery capital of Asia. How many of you ordered that networking dinner last night? So that's a good example of how Bangalore has maybe more macro breweries than hospitals. No, I just made that up. Bangalore is also the coffee capital of India. How many of you were at this amazing event earlier this week called the World Coffee Congress and Expo? It was in Bangalore Palace. Bangalore has the largest number of people who are reselling, buying coffee, etc., sourcing it, making coffee machines and so on. So now the buzzword in the coffee sector is not just organic free trade, etc., but of fair trade, etc., but experience. How to build a good coffee experience. Now you can buy certain gadgets and make coffee at your own house and you can have your own parties and engage with different kinds of people. You can make your own brews. You can combine coffee with alcohol, coffee with chocolate, coffee with different kinds of gut, bacteria, whatever kind of solutions and make all kinds of stuff. More importantly for us today, Bangalore is also one of the startup capitals of the world. It's in the top 10, 20, whatever top startup cities in the world. Bangalore is also one of the top AI talent hubs in the world. We are in the top 4 to 5 in terms of AI talent in Bangalore. So all of these are coming together now in our session today. So thanks for coming today and we're going to begin with the first part of a program, which is pitches by startups who have been shortlisted through a jury process. These are design-led startups, which means it's not just tech and the business model, but design is a core part of their startup journey. So what we've seen in the startup world is typically designers become entrepreneurs in one of three or four different pathways. One is students fresh out of design school start a design-led startups in different sectors, clothing, apparel, e-commerce, AI, whatever. The second track is a techie or a business halfway through their career realize, oh I need to do this new thingy, but I don't know design. So they become self-taught designers and they launch a company which is design-centric. The third category is people maybe in the corporate world, UX, UI designers, maybe like many of you who get bored with the corporate life, sorry to your employers, but they get bored with the corporate life and they want to do their own thing and they break out and launch their own startups. You'll hear some of those examples today. You will also hear from a panelist who will tell you you can do both. You can be a UI UX expert in a big company and you can launch a site project which eventually becomes a startup which you can spin off or buy. Okay, so we're going to see each of those today. First without further ado I want to invite our first startup of the day to come up Arvind Prakash is the founder of Super Bolta. Arvind please come up on stage. Big round of applause please for our first founder Arvind Prakash. Hello everyone. Thanks Madan. My name is Arvind Singh. Let's just wait for the slides to come on. Wow, this is the biggest audience that I have presented to. All right, so my name is Arvind Singh. I'm a three-time entrepreneur. I'm building Super Bolta with the vision to empower any person on the planet to get a beautiful home. Imagine Canva for Homes over the clicker. Let's meet Rishi. He's 35-year-old software engineer from IBM. Today is his big day.  He's bought a new home. The big challenge now, I mean he has a lot of dreams. He wants it to be perfect. The challenge is how does he hire an interior designer? How does he get it designed? So one of the things for him is I have all these empty rooms. How do I fill up with products? Like most people hiring an interior designer is going to be expensive and time-consuming. What's that going to do? Like most people he's going to forego that option, maybe hire a carpenter. He's going to fill up the house with products but the home is going to lack the soul. Why does this happen? Three big problems. One, visualization is the biggest problem biggest challenge. Even for two, whether it's websites. Now imagine taking this to the 3D world. How do I visualize hundreds of products, different color options, different sizes in my home? Second, the design materials is tightly linked with cost. Any change in cost alters the design. Any change in design alters the cost. Making the first problem even more complicated. And finally, all the tools and products which are there in the market cater to professionals, experts, and there are very few platforms which cater directly to end consumers. So what has happened? Rishi has lost a beautiful opportunity to create a timeless, soulful design for his home. That was his one opportunity. You go down the path and then there is no turning back for many years. He's not going to throw away the wardrobe because the laminates look ugly. So presenting Superbolter, a platform that I envisioned. This was a six year old startup. I ran an interior design company before this. I understand the problem on the ground. I delivered 100 homes a month, right? And realize this is a biggest UX problem, user experience. We need to make it extremely easy to get this guy on board. So the solution should be something where I can get started very easily. Don't make me do complicated steps just to get started. I should be able to design very easily and I should have control on the cost. I should know how to execute it. So presenting against Superbolter where you can design your home in 60 minutes. You should actually try it. So we are a consumer first 3D home experience platform where which empowers any person on the planet to create captivating designs using design templates coming from interior designers and products coming from real merchants in the market. What does it mean? How does it work? Very simple. We have a catalog of thousands of floor plans which are already available in the market. Imagine prestige, Purovankara, Brigade. You can go in, search for your home, find your home, add to your dashboard. You get an instant 3D model of your house. You can then in a click write designs and products. As you design, automatically the cost is calculated so that you know how much it's going to cost. So we are solving all the three problems that we talked about. Extremely easy to start, extremely easy to design. You have control on the cost. This is how it works. You see on the left, I'm searching for my property. It's a Brigade utopia cornerstone. It's a new property. Once I add, I get a 3D model of my house and on the right side, what you see is I have one click. I've clicked on applied design. The entire design gets applied into the house. In that particular design close to about 20 products are there. Imagine if we had to do this by himself. Each product, maybe he's going to look at hundreds of so far options, hundreds of carpets. This is where the designers come in. We've brought in both consumers, designers and merchants onto a single platform. Does this work? When I started almost six years ago, many guys said it's impossible. Architect says no one is going to use it, etc. One of the guys who said absolutely this is not going to work, last year he came in as an investor in the company. So it's been a long journey, but we've been we've done maybe more than 100 releases, just to crack the user experience. What we have is normal people, accountants, teachers who are able to now design their home like a pro. In the last 12 last six months, we've seen a 12 x jump in users, right? About 20% of them have gone on to become power users. Our focus is on that. Right? Just to give a comparison. In the month of June, more than 100 floor plans were uploaded per day. Even yesterday, if I go back and look maybe about 100. Just to set context, this is not a direct comparison. The two of the largest players in the country, organized are live space and home lane, and they delivered about 10,000 homes per month. We don't do end to end. It's not a direct competition, but this is just to set context. We are early stage, we are we are getting more than 100 homes per day. Right? The market is extremely large. We just talked about the new home market, which is a small minuscule of the total number of homes across the globe. So last year, about 4,000,000 homes, builder constructed homes came into the market. You can imagine average spend of maybe about 6,000,000 rupees. Opportunity is very large. And then when you extend this to renovation, right? I think there's a huge opportunity for us. It's not just the residential. Now if I take this to offices, commercial spaces, or any other kind of space, we have I see an opportunity there for us to enter. What sets us apart? Again, most platforms have a two step process. We are a single step. The direct 3D model of your house that you get is gorgeously beautiful. You should all try it. Our visual quality is great. The biggest thing is we have the designs that I can readily apply. And it's built for the end consumer, keeping design as a number one. So we are design led startup. We are driven by data. So we measure each and everything, every data point. So every month, millions of data points are collected for every click that happens on the platform. So that's SuperVolta. We are building a platform to empower each one of you to get a beautiful home to try it out. Thank you. It was interesting to hear all the three stories. And the first thing that I would say I missed the users in this entire thing. Who are the people who actually will use these services or products? I saw it for the first time, but one little thing. I want to really see those stories of people using these products end to end from the very beginning, trying to imagine their homes, imagine their families, imagine their weddings, imagine their children growing up. Those are things that I'm starting to look at when I'm looking at stories. Designers are about those stories. So designers look at those stories. Where are those stories? But design led startups need to have those stories. Those stories are missing. So I would tell the startups to look at those stories, tell the entire thing through the user's eyes. And we are missing those. So here is your answer. Yeah, I think to be fair, the first one did have a couple of slides about stories, but you're right. The other ones probably didn't have as much and they aren't here to defend themselves. So I'll pass it on to them as a feedback. Sujatha, any comments on design?  Yeah, I liked all three of them. The first one probably because he was able to present it himself. And he spoke about the soul, right? And I would have liked to see a little more of the soul in the product, right? Because there are a whole lot of features that are provided, which is great. And how does the soul come into play out here? And I think some of it came through the testimonials. But again, because we are looking at a pitch and you want to have a lot more people coming into it, can we have a lot more of the soul? That's something that crossed my mind. But each of them, and there was a second one which spoke about bringing AI, MR, AR, ARVR, and bringing in design thinking into it. And I was trying to figure out, I mean, isn't design thinking already there in the sense we can't live without design thinking any longer, user experience, human centeredness. These are all part of all of what we do. And so do we really need to call it out is what I thought. But nevertheless, wishing them or wishing all three of them the best. Fantastic. Let's turn to the investors now. This conference is not just about design. It's also about AI in design. So let me ask our two investors here. What are your thoughts on deep tech AI, generative AI? How are these featured in your portfolios? Have you already got exposure in this space and so on? Yeah, I think specifically touching on AI, I think definitely it's a lever today for designers to kind of leapfrog. Because till yesterday, maybe you, you were operating with your kind of brainpower. I just call it as a RAM and maybe database or hard disk what you have got from God. Today with AI, I think you get get that superpower of actually even designing or asking this question on behalf of a customer on behalf of best of the designers for that particular problem and get solutions or get some things. So I think definitely AI has come in as a lever for designers from a design or entrepreneurship perspective. Second thing I think it's also important touching back to what some of the pitches what we have seen is AI definitely gives you some I would say right to win far faster. So so far whatever skills you have brought in with your experiences, you can leapfrog that with AI, not just from your own domain perspective, but what has also happened with AI. So maybe if I take an example of yesterday's today's designer, he's he can be best designer, but can he be best accountant? Positive question, maybe answer maybe not. But yeah, I think you can also bring that skill. It may not be 100% at least 70, 80% there. So I think that entire horizontal kind of a skill set which you as an entrepreneur or designer can bring in, as well as going deeper to some extent definitely comes as a lever and that I think seeing as far as as I being investor, if you somehow can show that I am using my own skill as a founder plus whatever insights that I've gotten. But because of this technological advances, I have a better lever or I have a better insight to kind of like right to win or right to kind of play in this market far better than anybody else. I think that's a successful possible formula, both in terms of raising investment, both in terms of also getting customers and maybe touching upon your point, like getting the sole of or making product habitual with the customer.  Which is the how are investors looking at AI and in particular what's next? Of course, thank you so much, Badan. Definitely there is a lot of interest in AI startups, but why are we really interested in that is ultimately the focus is to make money also, but you never forget that part of it, right? So whether it is the startup was building and designing their product, the user experience, so that they can make lots of money for themselves, they can raise money. So from the investor point of view always, Badan, what we would look at and I think this is important for all of your aspiring and want to bring some great startups to your own life. I want to become a founder is that can you make sure that over the next few years, whether whatever technology that you're using, you're going to make sure that you get a lot of customers, you're going to be profitable, you're going to make whoever the user or the or your fan or whatever is of your product to make their life easier using the AI and also by using this conversely AI, gen, AI, chat, JVD, etc, etc, you're going to get so many customers globally and always design and think globally because that way your investors will come in, your investors also will be thinking that okay three years down the line are we going to get a 10x return from this startup. So when you think of money, you design for that, you grow towards that, technology is where it is AI or blockchain or whatever else is the next trend we don't even know about what's going to happen. It's all about that modern. Money is very critical and I think the AI is going to bring a lot of that into many people's lives. Thank you. Great, that's a good perspective which is see if you can find a line of site from your design to some kind of revenue. Dhriti, I want to bring you into the discussion now. We talked a lot about the opportunity for startups. What are some of the challenges for founders when a designer decides to become an entrepreneur? What do you think are some challenges founding teams go through in the journey to launch a company? Right, so hey everyone, good afternoon. It's so heart-warming to see all of you over here in spite of the bun. So kudos to you all. Some of the challenges, you know, whether you are a design led startup or not, but you're not dressing specifically the design led crowd over here.  So as Arvind also shared with us over here, the experience that he's had, he's put in that experience into the startup that he created. He was one of the companies that had Rishi as his user persona. I think that is super critical. You need to pump in of course as much data as you can. That may seem to be challenging to begin with, but you'll be surprised by the number of things that will come your way if you just work with an open mind and see that if I'm here in this moment, how am I going to make it work? What can I see over here that I can use to my advantage? And of course you want to collaborate, right? Because design by itself is not going to help you. You need to have a clear angle for business. How do I get the money in terms of technology? What am I going to create? And then in terms of design, of course, it surrounds it all. Is that what is it that my user is looking for? I think those are some of the skills and, you know, things that I would be looking for. Great. You talked about skills and that's my next question for the panel, which is how do founders, how do designers build the complementary skill sets that they need? Design is one part. You also need tech, you need business, you need accounting, marketing, outreach. So how should designers go around filling out the founding team with non-design kind of skills? Let's start with you, Rikul. So it's a difficult question and it's a difficult task for most of the designers probably in this room, okay? Building tech skills, you need to work with the technologists to understand technology deeply. You need to work with business to understand business deeply. You need to sell to understand sales, okay? You need to do that and if you're not doing that, you're not growing, okay? Find companies that can help you do that. Find partners that can help you do it. Partners in terms of, you know, people you work with, you know, do that because if you do all this, that is how you will grow. So to grow upwards, you need to grow sideways, okay? So you need to understand technology definitely, you know, very, very deeply. Without it, I don't think you will grow. So find those partners to grow up. That's a great quote to grow upwards. You need to grow sideways also. Sujath, any comments on how to round out the skill set in the start? Okay, for me, it's been baptism by fire. Where I work, which is at emphasis, I handle a different portfolio which is, you know, I handle the learning solutions that we take to market and it's predominantly about working with clients, various stakeholders, curating content, delivering conversations and, you know, workshops for clients, using design thinking approaches and all of it. But when I started my startup, which is rustic earth to soul, is where I realized that it wasn't enough to have all the content in place. I had to go ahead and do my own sales. And that's exactly what has, that's the bug that has bitten me. I have my product out here. This is something that I probably never did, right? Which is a talk about my product. I probably put a lot of thought into it, but I never sold it. So I actually went ahead and learned the art of selling or probably I'm still learning the art of selling. But the point is that I have to dabble around. I need to know the finances. I need to know the operations. I need to know what else is happening in the rest of the market. And it's not enough for me to just allocate responsibilities to everyone. I need to be kinesthetic. And I'm a kinesthetic learner and the only way I could learn the ropes and the way of the trade is to actually get into each of the roles that were required. So I had to be a CEO. I had to be a CFO. I had to be a CIO. And I don't come from the technology space, but I have to learn AI. How is it that I'm going to be able to use blockchain to build my business? And this is something, this learning has been enormous for me because it has given me a kind of a leap prog my business into the next level, not just as an entrepreneur, but even at Infosys, I went ahead and got into the sales team just for me to understand that these complementary skills, Madan that you spoke about, are really, really critical for entrepreneurs to exist and sustain themselves. Dhruvthi, what are some communication challenges, for example, that come between very diverse silos? So actually, a thought occurred while she was talking, right? And what she's doing is absolutely what every founder needs to do as you are at the start of your journey. I think the challenge really arises when you're scaling. What part of the business are you willing to delegate? You know, there will come a point in your journey where you need to stop being the expert and need to start leading a team of experts. I think that transition that you make from being a founder to being a leader, some people call it manager, I call it leader because that's essentially what you're doing is you're leading a team of experts. How do you hire right? How do you find the right people who are as passionate about your project as you and your co-founders have been? I think those are some of the things that you need to start thinking of. I'd spoken to a company, you know, while I was writing the book, an entrepreneur who had at the very start, even before he started the company and at the ideation stage, he figured out what is the vision and the values that he wants to live by. And he was not sure whether he's going to get the funding. He was not sure how far he's going to go in this journey and I can tell you he's gone real far. But those values are what guided him in that journey. The vision that he had, based on that he started hiring the talent and while he was scaling his startup, he didn't have any trouble because he had the right team in place. So I think those are some of the things that you want to consider that today you may be a four-member team or a eight-member team, but very soon, because of the passion that you have, you are going to grow by leaps and bounds. What are you going to do then? You know, as we say about networking, don't build your network when you need it, but you need to start doing it a little bit more proactively. Start thinking in terms of what is the culture that you are creating in your company, what is it that you want to really stand for and have your values really clearly set out and I think that will really help. Thanks for bringing up that very important topic of culture. Let me ask our investors over here now. When you invest in a team, what kinds of roundup are you looking for in terms of the skill sets of the founders, especially as they scale? It's one thing to start a company, it's another one to scale a company. So how do you guys evaluate the team of a design let's start up? I think maybe I'll touch this question on the last one also to some extent. So design nowadays becoming one of the interesting currency, which startups or the founders or businesses have. Earlier we used to say developer is the costliest currency, but today design also is. Because if you take from starting from an idea, presenting it right, storytelling, pitch decks, getting a product right, getting the packaging right, getting a marketing plan right, getting communication right, even to an extent that can you get your excel sheet presentable to investors or the guy who is not from that thing. So design is everywhere. So somehow I think just from addressing everybody here, design today is not related to only product related stuff or a communication, it is across the cycle of businesses. And more earlier it comes it's there's a higher chance of success of that particular startup. So if you have better pitch decks, you have better kind of eyes and ears of investors, you have better marketing plans or customer communication. So I think design actually today if I compare a bit 10 years back versus I think next 10 years, design is going to touch upon everywhere. And that's already been seen in terms of how many people are aspiring to be designers, the creative economies, or number of schools which are going to come up, etc. So one definitely, I think one take away I would say for you guys is design is everywhere across the lifecycle of a business. Coming back to the question on what do investors look at assuming the design is to some extent that question is addressed definitely is, as Vijita said, profitability of a business because end of the day if I'm an investor, I am looking for a model or a founder who can give me money back in some time because we are not marrying as a founder with a company, we are marrying financially with a company. So we want to see a journey in our lifecycle because we don't have 100-year lifecycle, we don't have 20-30 years of lifecycle where the brand will take etc. And there are different kind of investors. If I'm an early stage investor I'm looking for next five years. If I'm a series investor another five years from there. So every investor joins to you, he's going to join with the board and come back, exit that board at some point of view. And these, I think timelines are important for you to understand. Second point I would say is going back to the idea itself is it lethal enough? Is it competitive enough? Is it global enough as you touched upon? And going back to design I would say today and this is also UX conference gone other days when you design for a user. Today we are not designing for user. We are designing for a group. So for example if I'm giving experience to user is this user happy and he's going to refer that experience to somebody else? Is he going to put it on Instagram? So this entire network so it's almost like designing your UX is actually not user but it's a group of users or user and his friend, user and his family and those kind of things. So a huge network effect is getting greater and we call it sometimes virality. Is the product has some network effect or virality into it so that there is a better competitiveness? So these two three factors profitability the founder obviously, founder mix or does he we call it as founder market fit for you guys to kind of understand is this founder well said to take on this particular market and finally the product itself is called as product market fit that comes little later with an early stage but do you have some kind of product market fit where the market is going to off your product not just for product for the sake itself but today's world is about mind and action right even if I'm not using a product can I back off your mind I'm actually excited about that product it's almost like notification I'm happy about getting a notification even I'm not using the particular product so some of those if elements beyond the traits of I think the journey of I would say startups is what typically we would look at and across different stages Vichita quick response to the definitely sir promise to keep it quick so I will just quickly do it I used the word twice now one is that in terms of building your network your network and also the discipline of being a founder whether you're founder today or tomorrow look at organizations like Nascom Type Bangalore NSR cell of IMB they're really useful you can get you know very good quality mentors you can meet founders who have been there done that failed made a mess but now growing crazily well okay that's number one number two in terms of the investor point of view I'm from Dexter Angels Dexter Capital please take a look at some of our portfolio companies and it's not a plug for them but if you see the way they've incorporated design so for example we have multi-bashi which does the language training then we have a company let's call Freakins Freakins does ladies denimware okay phenomenal stuff then we have a company in the healthy snacks food called tags they tie up with people like Shikar Dhawan etc etc but see the design of their Instagram posts see the design of their product the way they market it the way they position it all across the world in supermarkets so that is also design that is also making sure that you're visible you're learning your skills of marketing you're learning your skills of getting sure that customers are buying it and staying sticky to you so these are some of the elements that will make a very very big difference and number one is you can't know everything but as a founder you have no choice so best is to design your productivity design your thinking design your learning that okay I'd have gaps say in my legal my financial acumen marketing etc etc but I'm very very good in certain things but don't take that for granted build that and also let your weaknesses also become your strength so keeping it crisp and short Madan but let us also be part of the support that we can extend to the entrepreneurs and founders and startups in this room thank you so much I have just one question for the panel but I want to open up to the audience for questions we're very short of time so what we'll do is this we'll take five questions from the audience but the answers will be given in the coffee break so any questions 81 got a question doubt clarification you want to join you want to invest in these startups you have to be yeah can we get a mic to our friend here and just tell us who you are name no speech just name in the company and a quick question yeah that's working hi it was question quick question for the non-designers you've been I've talked about design for a while and from your experience peace in the Indian ecosystem you see that really creating a difference do you see design founders being able to add that value are there interesting cases that you have seen and would you want to talk about that okay good you can park that question next question any questions comments yeah there's a hand at the back there please answers will be given the coffee break we got no time but it's very important to hear what's on your mind yeah hi I have a quick question for service design so I know that we're right now talk about UX a lot but I wanted to just get perspective on how you see other fields of design coming in especially in India okay that's a great question last two anyone got a quick question okay there's a hand behind further back I think left side is alive this side of the room is dead I don't know why yeah just kidding yeah hi Aditya here so I just want to understand like I have a colleagues who looks down on people who use generative AI tools or design tools so how do we educate them in a proper way so that this is not a bad idea I want them to make them understand like it's like it's very confusing for me to tell them like this is the generation where we take help from many kind of AI tools which will support our day-to-day activities as well so some people looking down on people who take help of AI tools I just want to know how to educate them or is this a mindset that I need to fix in it great question cultural perception of gen AI park that question last two we can take two yeah one up here that's a question for from the mic up here actually in the interest of time I'll come to you yeah I really wish you made them answer the question now but hi my name is that's a guy I think my question was a lot more on this whole idea of good design is good business is something that people keep saying it does seem like a lot of the startups that I've come across in the last two decades haven't been good for humans or humanity I was just a bit curious about this whole idea design-led startups is this truly design-led are design coming aligned to the business or are they coming as a bottleneck to the business needs how has that been in startups because in larger organizations I think politics becomes very different I was just curious and maybe over coffee we hear a bit more about you know how the designers actually get to speak up against business goals because they thought this is actually not good for users or not great okay question about ethics and philosophy that's better dealt over drinks rather than coffee but we can talk about that later last question the winner will get a free ticket for next year's UX India conference no just joking I guess we're out of time now but let me ask the panel in closing what can the audience reach out to you for most of them are designers some of them may want to become entrepreneurs in 30 seconds each what can you offer our audience here okay I think the my you can go to multiply venture's website if you are building some business we do inception to series happy to invest if there is something investable so happy to reach out to you or you can reach out to me for any support on design to entrepreneurship cycles anything around the startup ecosystem community my name is Vijeta Shastri LinkedIn Twitter Facebook Instagram the only thing I share about is what's happening around innovation what's happening around opportunity for startups founders to make money talk to me I'm glad to help you guys out report if you are a designer I'm sure everybody is and want to get into entrepreneurship design led entrepreneurship okay reach out done to startups failed both of them so please reach out to you know there's another question altogether how to learn from failure another whole conference around that Sujata all right so anything to do with human centered discussions empathy conversations is my product actually aligned with what the end users want these are some of the conversations I typically have and as an entrepreneur because I have I mean this is a startup that I have started I've had my agonies and my ecstasies and I'll be more than happy to share that with you and I continue to be a resilient entrepreneur Dhriti I know you want them all to buy a book what else can they reach out to you for so I'm also a charter member at Thai and part of that I also mentor women entrepreneurs and my company C2COD we are into consulting so a related organizational developments at some point in time and I'm hoping it will be soon when you want to scale your startup that's where we come in because we help you know align your people and strategy so that's where we come in


Four light years across, this close-up of an area in the northwest region of the large iris nebula seems to be clogged with cosmic dust. With bright light from the nearby star illuminating it from above, the dust resembles thick mounds of billowing cotton. It's actually made up of tiny particles of solid matter, with sizes from ten to a hundred times smaller than a grain of dust we'd find here in our homes.


So let me be blunt for a second here.  So I've never really been seriously derailed and depressed for months or I couldn't get out of bed. I've never really suffered with having a really, really, really low paying job. I've never really suffered with just getting dumped over and over and over and over again. So I've never really been someone that you would call someone who does not have their stuff together. I mean I got average grades, I've done a decent job of taking care of my health, I've always been decently happy, not too high, not too low. But in this video I want to share three of the things I've noticed that have happened in the worst years of my life that's so different from the best years of my life. And if you're in a spot where you don't feel like you have your stuff together, how you can get it together with three specific habits. What's up guys? Alex Hine, author of the book Master of the Day, which is upside down. I've also included a couple journaling prompts related to reinventing yourself, improving your life, goal setting. The first link in the description box there below is a free goal setting and kind of like a goal setting journaling cheat sheet. So click that link in the box there below, it'll help you figure out how to set some goals going forward through a journaling process. So in my life, one of the goals that has easily been the hardest that I've ever done has been starting a business.  Even though it's worked and I'm very methodical and deliberate, it's one of those things where I always feel like I'm failing, I always feel like I'm on the verge of failure. There's a constant feeling of scarcity because it does change rapidly and I know tons of people that have been successful and then have failed later. But overall, it's led to this feeling of like so much stuff to do, not enough time, can't get it figured out.  Like how do I get my life together? And to me, I've noticed there's a couple things that help really well. The first thing is feeling good. The second thing is having some kind of direction to work on. And the third thing is finding the easiest thing that's the most actionable. So when it comes to finding the easiest thing that's actionable, I think if we actually, if we go back, for me, the essence of getting your life together, whatever it is, is feeling good because there are so many people who are depressed and that's the reason why they can't get themselves to do the workouts, the business they want to start, the arts business, whatever it is. And so everyone has had the experience of feeling down for a day or maybe a long time and you're laying in bed and you're like, I don't want to do anything. I don't want to get up. I don't want to eat. I don't want to go to work. I don't want to go hang out with my friends. I don't even want to watch Netflix.  So how are you going to get yourself, how are you going to get your life together when you don't want to do anything? So to me, the essence always has to be feeling good. And if you aren't someone who likes to work out or you don't have that ritual, that routine set. What I would do is I actually go through like a Tony Robbins 15 minute priming ritual. And I literally did that before these videos today because I was feeling so crappy and so tired from the weekend. So what I tend to do with like feeling good is 10 to 15 minutes of something that increases blood flow, anything that gets your circulation going, it could literally be jumping up and down for 15 minutes, it could be doing an actual workout, it could be going for a walk, anything that gets you awake and feeling better and blood flow going and it's going to just release endorphins and make you feel better. So feeling good to me is the essence of changing because I don't understand how anyone can do anything when the whole day looks like this monster, this boulder they have to push uphill. So if you want to get your life together, my opinion, start with things that make you feel good. Certainly in the most depressed years of my life, that if overall we're overall in a funk, I'm still functioning every day but I was not happy, the only thing I could rely on to feel good was going to the gym. So I did that as much as possible. The second thing is this concept of picking the smallest thing that's in your zone of influence. So what is the easiest thing that you can change? I know that certainly when I started my business and even when I was trying to get fit, I didn't know what I was doing. I was never getting good results or any results. And so it led to this kind of existential angst where I was like, nothing I do has any effect anyway. And that's like a really dangerous place to be in that kind of learned helplessness just like the dog that gets shocked, regardless of what they do, eventually they learn to stop trying to escape these cages.  And if it is your business, I may mean writing that blog post today. Not worrying about making $1,000 to eat. But just today for this moment, you're going to write the blog post. If it's you have 100 pounds to lose, what's the thing you can do right now? I'm just going to go for a 10 minute walk while listening to a YouTube video. Don't worry about the 100 pound goal. Find the one thing now that definitely you can control that will make you feel good. If it's with the relationship, you're going to find one thing, maybe you buy something nice for your partner. And that's what you're going to do right now to repair a damaged relationship that's on the fringe of ending. That's it. The thing that you can find in your bubble, that's so easy. Because that's going to give you a mini win that's going to make you feel better. And then from there, getting your life together is about having some kind of direction. You know, I've shared the story of Earl Nightingale where he said that people are like ships, where if there's no endpoint, it literally doesn't matter how slow or how fast you go. You're just going to be going around the world in the ocean like this. But a ship that has a concrete port that it's going to, it knows where it has to go, no matter how many times it gets off course, because it knows the direction, it can just course correct. And whether you have to course correct 10 times or 1000 times in your life, it doesn't matter because you have the direction you're going in and then you can honestly keep adjusting no matter how derailed you get. So I think without some kind of direction, whether it is like, I don't know what I love. But overall, I know this thing, being an artist, being an author, being a YouTuber, I don't know about what, but I know this thing is something that interests me and excites me. It feels good when I do it. Start with that and then over time that may gradually become more and more specific, more and more refined. So those are three things I would suggest.  And whether it's been that way for a month or for five years, there's always things you can do to reinvent yourself. But for me, it definitely starts with feeling good on a daily basis, because that will become the ultimate limitation, your physical body, if that's not already taken care of. So don't forget, I do have that journaling free e-course, right there in the description, it's the very first link. Click that, sign up and it's gonna give you a few journaling prompts on how I use journaling to reinvent my life. And some of the exercises that I've noticed have helped the most. So that's the first link in the description there below. You can also get my last two videos right here and right here.