Good afternoon, everybody. I'm very pleased to welcome you to the IEA webinar, which is part of the Global Europe project supported by the Department of Foreign Affairs. We're particularly welcome and delighted to be joined today by Commissioner Ildir Johansson, the European Commissioner for Home Affairs, who has been generous enough to take time out of her schedule to speak to us. Commissioner Johansson will speak to us on asylum and migration and asylum in the EU for about 20 minutes or so, and then we will go to question and answer with the audience. You'll be able to join the discussion using the Q&A function on Zoom, which you are well aware of. I think at this stage it's on your screen, and please feel free to send your questions in throughout the session, as they occur to you. And we will come to them when Commissioner Johansson has finished her presentation. Just a reminder that today's presentation and the Q&A are both on the record. And please feel free also to join the discussion on Twitter using the handle at IEA. We're also live streaming this morning's discussion. So a very warm welcome to all of you who are tuning in via YouTube. Just to introduce now the Commissioner to you. Firstly to mention that Commissioner Johansson as Commissioner for Home Affairs has a very wide view. She deals obviously with migration and asylum, security in the EU on external borders, which includes Schengen and visas, etc. And also relations with third countries in the area of security. The Commissioner will update us on the considerable progress that has been made in the area of asylum and migration, and that's particularly true I think Commissioner in the in the past year during 2023. And asylum and migration, so one of the foremost challenges of our era and are definitely to up in the same importance and challenge as climate change, global insecurity. So we will be very interested to hear the moves that have been made in this regard. Now let me just formally introduce Commissioner Johansson and hand over to her. Commissioner Johansson was appointed European Commissioner for Home Affairs in December 2019. And she previously served as Minister for Employment in the Swedish government from 2014 to 2019 Minister for Welfare and elderly health care from 2004 to 2006 and Minister for Schools from 1994 to 1998. She is educated at Lund University and the Stockholm Institute of Education. So without further ado, I will hand over to the Commissioner. And we look forward to hearing from you on this extremely important topic, Commission of the floor is yours. Thank you very much. And I would like to start by reminding us all that when we talk about migrants and refugees we are talking about people, human beings and I would like to start to save a few words on a young girl. Her name is Eslada. She lives now in in Ireland. She was six years old when she had to flee Putin's rockets. And she found a welcome home in Ireland. And a school in Dublin, just two weeks after the Russian invasion. She was so scared the first day, she would not let go of her mother. But now, one year later, 16,000 Ukrainian children are enrolled in Irish schools, 90% of five to 12 years old. That's very impressive and that's one of the highest rates in Europe. And you can rest assured that these Ukrainian boys and girls will never forget their time with you. Learning and playing with Irish boys and girls. It reminds actually operation Shamrock, when Ireland welcomed children from France and Germany and other countries after the Second World War. Nearly 80 years later, those children, now old men and women, still remember the time in Ireland. So you can be sure that after Putin loses the war and Ukraine joins the European Union. These Ukrainian children will tell their children and grandchildren about the strong bonds of friendship with their Irish classmates and their families. I wanted to stop with this because it's important to talk about human beings. And I would like, I will go into the update on the latest development on the pact on migration and asylum. But before doing that, I would also like to give you a little bit of an overview when it comes to migration on a European level. Every year to the European Union, we have around 3 million migrants coming legally that get a residence permit in the European Union. 3 million per year. They come because they are falling in love in the EU citizens or because they are here to study or to do research or to work. Part half of them are coming for work purposes actually. And every year around one, one and a half million Europeans are leaving the EU. Mainly because they have falling in love in a person outside the EU or to study or to work or to do research. So this is the normal migration flows means that we grow with approximately one and a half million people per year on legal migration. And this works very well. Every year around 700,000 third country national gets an EU citizenship. That means that many of those are staying here for a long time and really being part of our society. Last year, we had 330,000 irregular arrivals, which was higher than the years before. And this is really an area of concern and I'll come back to that. 330,000 irregular arrivals. At the same time, we had one million asylum application last year in the European Union. Three times more than the irregular arrivals. That means that the majority of those applying for asylum are arriving legally. They are coming visa free or they are coming on visas and overstay and apply for asylum or they already have a residence permit or a refugee status in one member state and then go to another member states and apply for asylum. So these are the overall figures on the migration in European Union. So what is important for me when I took this office in December 2019. Migration is something normal. Migration has always exist. Migration will always exist. Migration will never stop. Our task is to manage migration and migration is manageable, but it takes that we work close together to manage migration. And when I took office, it was a situation in the EU where there were a lot of, the whole area of policymaking legislation was totally blocked. It's been a state made for many years. There was also a situation where there were lack of trust between member states and between member states and the Commission. And if you allow me, I think there was also in situation there were a lot of room for maneuver for drama queens or drama kings to make a lot of noise around migration. So that was my task. I was tasked by myself on the lion to unblock the block situation and find an agreement on the new pact of migration and asylum. And I realized that the first thing necessary was to rebuild trust and try to understand the different positions from different member states, but also for other stakeholders from NGOs from you and organization from European Parliament, of course. So I started traveling to all capitals and reaching out to all stakeholders to understand the situation. And what I learned is that all member states are very occupied with the challenges they are facing when it comes to migration. And there was a situation that they were not so much aware of challenges that others are facing, even though these challenges are very much linked to each other. So that's how I worked to present my new pact on migration and asylum that I presented in September in 2020. And when I presented this proposal, it's a huge one, it's 11 legislative, legislative files in the whole pack. So it's a huge one. And when I presented it, nobody was really happy. And I was asked how I see this reaction. And I think it was a great success. Why? Because nobody rejected. It was a situation where all stakeholders said more or less, okay, maybe this is not really what I wanted, but this is worth looking into and start negotiating on. And I think this has been part of the success that we have reached so far, that this has not been rejected, this has not been blocked. It was a balanced proposal that everybody more or less, from different perspective, thought it was worse working on. So that what we have been doing, of course, with all the legislative negotiations and works and going into the nitty gritty and details on all the files, both in council and parliament. But to be able to reach agreements, it was necessary to rebuild trust, as I said. And that means that we had to deal with all the migration challenges that we are faced with. And just to mention a few that's been since I took office in December 2019. When I took office, there were 42,000 migrants on the living on the Greek islands under the olive trees, more or less, under unacceptable conditions. Do you remember that? And then only a few months later, we saw from Turkey, from Erdogan, that try to say that he will open the borders to send migrants to European Union. Then the COVID happened, and a few months later, the whole big camp Moria on Lesbos was burnt down totally. I managed to get member states to step in to do voluntary return, especially of unaccompanied minors, but also families with six children. And more than 5000 has been relocated from that respect. And we set up a lot of support for building better capacities in Greece. And we also had the Lukashenko, who tried to instrumentalize migrants, and this is still ongoing, more or less sending, selling tickets to the European Union. Tickets not for him to sell, saying that you can buy this ticket from a state to be transferred into the European Union through the borders via Belarus to the neighboring countries. We've been dealing with that, and we've managed, especially while we read out to third country and to airline companies. It's been more or less under control, but we see a rise now via Russia, really, and Lukashenko is really going from bad to worse, I should say, when it comes to his cooperation with Putin. So a huge increase of arrivals to the Canary Islands, and this is the most deadly route towards the European Union. A lot of these small kayukos left from Morocco, from Mauritania, from Senegal, and a lot of lives lost. We managed to get this situation as well, and now we have much fewer arrivals along these deadly routes, thanks to good cooperation with third countries like Morocco, Senegal, and Mauritania. We had last fall a huge increase along the western Balkan route, mainly because of visa-free traveling into Serbia. We saw a huge increase of asylum applicants from India, from Cuba, from Burundi, people that could travel visa-free to Serbia. We reached out jointly, member states and commission, and now the flows and the arrivals via the western Balkan routes is going down significantly. Right now we have a huge challenge with the central Med route. This is also a very deadly route where we've seen a huge increase of departures from Tunisia and Libya. And just yesterday my president was in Tunisia and also managed to agree on a Membranova understanding together with Tunisia in a comprehensive way. And on top of that, we are managing the biggest refugee crisis since the Second World War, a war in Ukraine with more than 4 million Ukrainian displaced persons in the European Union. And we managed to activate the temporary protection directive that's been there for 20 years but never been used. And we are, of course, supporting member states heavily also on this. These are just a few examples. On that we also had a Taliban takeover in Afghanistan, where member states stepped up and helped a lot of Afghan refugees on humanitarian admission into the European Union. Why am I mentioning this? I think that the way we are managing migration challenges and sometimes even crisis together, commission and member states jointly. It's a way to build trust. And without this, it would not have been possible to reach the agreement that we have so far when it comes to the Pact of Migration and Asylum. And I should also say it would not have been able to activate the temporary protection directive either without these work on trust building and showing that migration is manageable if and when we work together and also when we work together with partners outside European Union and of course international partners as well. And where are we now on the Pact of Migration and Asylum? I said that there's 11 legislative files. Five are already concluded. Four of them are now in trial log, which is the legislative process where parliament and council negotiate. There was a major breakthrough on the 8th of June when the council managed to find a common approach on two very big, very difficult and sensitive files on responsibility and solidarity, the so-called asylum procedures regulation and the Managing Migration Regulation of something, So that was a major breakthrough. So now we have four trial logs ongoing in a very constructive spirit between council and parliament. And we have two more to start negotiations. One is the crisis proposal where council need to find their position and the Spanish presidency aim at the common approach on the 26th of July on the crisis proposal, of course to be seen, but then trial log can start on that as well. Then we have the return directive where council have a position but parliament does not have a position yet. So hopefully they will have a position in the beginning of September and then trial log can start on that as well. So what we are aiming at is to conclude these remaining six ones, hopefully before the end of this year, before the end of the Spanish presidency. To have the months in 2020 next year, before parliament split, to have the formal decisions so that the whole pact could be agreed together during this mandate. Will that happen? Yes, I think so. But of course, fingers crossed and all that, it's always a heavy work to have this trust and to have these negotiations. But so far we have had a broad and solid majority in the council because the decisions have been taken by a qualified majority. And also in parliament most of the file has been agreed upon between the three big political groups. And I think this is also important that we are not finding the compromises at the end of any political spectrum. So we are really finding a comprehensive approach that will lead to a better protection of our external border. Making sure that those that are not eligible for protection will have a swifter process and a swifter return decision because this is important. Those not eligible to stay also have to be returned to the country of origin. At the same time, a better protection of the individual rights and especially for the vulnerable ones, for children, for other vulnerable groups in protection of their rights and their reception facilities, for example, to have the proper system. But also now for the first time ever council has agreed on numbers for relocation and for mandatory solidarity between member states. And I think this is a very, very important step. There are a lot of details, of course, I'm happy to answer that. But overall, we are very close to a situation where we have overcome the block situation and can deliver a more modern, a more European and a more comprehensive pact and agreement and the legislative agreement to manage migration and asylum. But on top of that, we need to continue to work closely together with third countries, countries of origin, countries of transit, countries along the routes so that we do not wait until we have people suffering at our borders that we reach out even earlier. And this is also a very important part, even if it's not really in the legislation. Thank you. Thank you very much Commissioner for that overview. And I think you deserve a great, great support and wonderful acknowledgement of the progress you have achieved since 2020 in taking this difficult topic from the national to the European. And that has been an amazing success. And as we have seen in the Justice Council and the European Council. I will go to question and answer. And before doing that, may I ask anybody who has a question, if they could indicate their name and affiliation. I should mention that we have to finish at 20 past four so I would be grateful if the questions could be short and so that we can get in as many as possible. Just before we go to the questioner's commissioner, I just have a would ask you a view on the outcome of the last European Council where Poland and Hungary did not accept the proposal, and therefore it could not feature in the Council conclusions. You have spoken about using the majority voting, and that this, the Constitution allows that. Could you just tell us what the situation is, and will we be able to move forward on your plan in this in this regard. Yes, we'll be able to move forward according to the treaty. We should take decisions on migration with qualified majority and that's what we do in the Justice and Home Affairs Council. And when we had this breakthrough agreement, only two member states voted against. And I think that was a big success, actually to have that solid majority. In the European Council, they take the conclusions with unanimous unanimously. So that is more difficult, but the decisions are taken with qualified majority and that is what the treaty says that we should do. And really, it's not a good idea to have a veto system when it comes to these important issues that it's really necessary that Europe managed together. Thank you. Thank you. So I hope that that can move forward. Just some questions that have come in from the from listeners. Joan was a former Irish Minister for Justice asks, what is the current status of the Dublin Convention? Is it still in full use at the moment? Yes, it's still valid, the Dublin Convention and it's being used. There was huge hiccups during pandemic, I must say. So we are now agreed with all the 27 member states on a roadmap back to Dublin. You step by step, going back to a more functioning Dublin system. So it's still there. In my proposal on a new pact of migration and asylum, there are changes in the Dublin regulation. And if you look at the agreement reached by Council, they have even bigger changes. Of course, this needs now to be negotiated with the Parliament. But I think there's a good guess that the outcome will be that we still have a Dublin system, but there will be some significant changes also into the system after we have finalised the negotiations between the co-legislators. Thank you. Thank you for that. Another question from Francesca Pinotti, advisor of the Council of Europe asks, will clear human rights safeguards be included in the cooperation agreement with Tunisia? So maybe you could tell us, I know yesterday, it's a very recently signed agreement, but maybe you could speak a bit about the agreement that has been signed with Tunisia because I know there was, there were difficulties with this agreement. Obviously, these have been overcome, but the question regards human rights safeguards in the agreement with Tunisia. So the memorandum of understanding is a very comprehensive one that covers five different areas, not only migration, but a lot of other areas and was signed yesterday. As you said, I will be giving a statement and answer question on this in Parliament tomorrow, and that will be my moment on that. But of course, it's always important for us to, especially when it comes to the individual's migrants, to always prioritise the fundamental rights. Thank you. Thank you for that assurance. Former retired officer Brigadier General Aharon asks, is there a risk of emerging a front-experceived as a bad actor regarding uncontrolled refugee and migrant entry into the EU? I think the role of front-ex is going to be considerably extended and including outside the EU. So perhaps you could mention, have a word about the role of front-ex. Yes, it's not a secret that there have been a lot of criticism and rightly so, I should say, about how front-ex acted previously. And out of that, actually the outcome was that the executive director and also others resigned. And now we have a totally new leadership in the front-ex with a new executive director, three excellent deputy executive directors. We have a fully fledged fundamental rights officer in place with all the 40 fundamental rights monitors in front-ex. And I must say that I'm very satisfied with how front-ex are dealing with difficult situations, but of course can occur at our external borders. And I must say that I think it's very important that we have front-ex. Front-ex are also the European eyes and ears at our borders. And I think that this is something that has been recognized and also something that, for example, with this recent terrible tragedy with a shipwreck outside the Greek coast. I think I hear many voices that asked for even more presence of front-ex at these situations. Thank you, Commissioner. Just a supplementary question on that. You mentioned the Balkan route. Do you think this extension of front-ex mandate will have an impact on improving the situation on the Balkan route for refugees? Yes, it has. We have now signed new agreement with several of the Balkan partners. And front-ex are deployed at many of the borders right now. And this is really a win-win situation where front-ex officers are supporting the national border guards, but also it's a learning situation. This is also a way for the Balkans to be more prepared for their path towards an EU membership on how we should protect our borders, how we should protect fundamental rights at our borders, and how we work jointly on these. And especially when we see, we see actually a lot of, not only migrants are being smuggled, we see also a lot of cross-border crime. Organized criminal groups are unfortunately quite present also on the Western Balkans. We see fraud documents, we see smuggling of drugs, of weapons. Some of these weapons ends up in the streets of the EU member states. So it's increasingly important that we support the Balkan partners on increasing and developing their law enforcement, both on legislation, but also on the practice on the ground. Yes, thank you for that. The next question relates to third countries and the EU relationships with third countries, which falls, I know, very much into your mandate. Valerie Hughes, who's a friend of the Syrian community in Ireland, asks about reports of people being disappeared at the Syrian border and asks what the EU is doing to protect Syrian refugees in Lebanon and Turkey from being sent back to Syria. I don't know if the EU responsibility would extend to that kind of oversight. No, it's true that there are limits to what we can do from the commission on from the EU. But for example, one thing is that we are supporting Syrian refugees in Turkey. They are hosting almost four million Syrian refugees in Turkey. And one reason to do that is that we will not support them being sent back to Syria. So this is a way we can work on it, but it's also true that we can't be, we are not a world police. So we can, via our support and our agreements, of course, we will not agree of people being treated, not according to their rights or being sent to dangerous areas. But we can't, it's not realistic to see that we can prevent everything of this to happen anywhere in the world either. Yes, yes, the mandate is quite extensive. And it's difficult, as you say, even in the most egregious circumstances to to extend the EU mandate. I have a couple of questions, Commissioner on the voluntary solidarity mechanism from Ruhi Ahmad, a program director in Griffith College Dublin and a student Jacob Churpec. The question of the solidarity mechanism, how do you, how do you, could you share your thoughts on how you see the future of the solidarity mechanism because this has been a point of some difficulty. Yes, of course, this is part now of the trial of the negotiations between Parliament and Council. And so this has to be finalized, but I can see that in my proposal, I proposed a mandatory solidarity when a member state is under pressure and needs support from other member states. Other member states should be obliged to step in to support. The Council general approach supports this and the Council general approach is also very clear that the member state that would provide solidarity to another member state can choose by themselves what kind of solidarity. It could be relocation. It could be financial contribution. It could be in kind contribution. So this and the different kind of contribution should be equally valid, valued. So, so it's, there is not any mandatory relocation, but a mandatory solidarity where member states can choose what kind of solidarity. What is I think a good improvement that what made in the Council general approach is also that they made clear that if a member state themselves are under pressure. So take, for example, countries like Czech Republic and Poland, right now, hosting so many Ukrainian displaced person. If you are in that position, you are not obliged to take part in solidarity measures towards another member states who could also be benefiting yourself from solidarity measures. So I think this was important and this was the better lessons learned from the, from the war and all the Ukrainian refugees that it's important that a member state that are doing a lot in another part of migration management will not be obliged to take part in the mandatory solidarity towards another member state that is under pressure for other reasons. Thank you. I think you've already answered the question that Jacob to had asked on behalf of Czechia of the Czech Republic, I think, because of the number of migrants that they have and the refugees they have taken in you have mentioned that there's an exemption for the moment from from the solidarity clause. The, the, you had recently signed very recently signed a pact with a security pact with Moldova between the EU and Moldova, which you have praised for obvious reasons as likely to be very significant and and a success. Do you see this as as an example of other types of security cooperation in the migration area. Not really. This is specifically on security and not specifically on migration. And the reason is, of course, is two or three fall one Moldova is one of the weakest European countries when it comes to security. And they are so close and so much affected by the Russian invasion in Ukraine. They may be one of those most affected by Russian propaganda and the risk of Russians reaching out also to Moldova, especially the situation with Transnistria as as you know. And Moldova is also a candidate country that will become hopefully EU member. So for many reasons, there are many reasons why we should I wanted to answer possibly to the request from the Moldovan Minister of Interior to support them when it comes to internal security. And that's what also what we are doing with our agencies with Europol, with Frontex, with Sepol, but also I reached out to member states and now member states are also supporting. There's a lot of equipment they need. There are a lot of expertise they need. And this and this brings together in this security hub. And that has been exactly one year since we launched it. And I think it's been really successful so far. So it's proven that we can together support Moldova significantly without very big efforts on our side. But when we join our forces, the agencies, the commission, the member states, and we have such a good partner in Moldova that really would like to work closely with us on the internal security aspect. This has been a very good example. I'm working also very closely with Ukraine on internal security, especially on preventing trafficking on human beings, preventing firearms trafficking. But of course it's a totally different situation because they are at war. But I think having more comprehensive security cooperation, especially with countries on an EU path. We also have it with several of the Western Balkan countries because to be able to reach the standard, the EU standard in law enforcement for many countries. This is a significant steps that need to be taken both on the judicial and on the police cooperation, for example, when it comes to legislation. So it's important that we support them in this. Thank you, Commissioner for that. I have a number of questions on third countries and safe third countries. And I think you're working with the refugee, some of the refugee agencies in relation to safe third countries. But this is an issue that I think is of importance to quite a number of people. How will the EU designate safe countries for refugee return. The member state decides themselves if they consider a third country a safe third country. If a country is considered a safe third country, then a person coming from that country, a citizen in that country, the asylum request could be seen as inadmissible. So this is how it works. We propose that we should have an EU wide definition of safe third countries. Hopefully that co legislators will agree on that, but we are not there yet. If we agree on European definition of safe third countries, it means that people that coming from that country are safe in that country, and that should not be their asylum application should be seen in inadmissible. But this definition has not been decided yet. But part of it, of course, is how well functioning the protection of fundamental rights, the right to apply for asylum and to be given international protection, for example. It's also part that has to be assessed in that context. Thank you, Commissioner. Just also to follow up on that. There will be a question of sending migrants to other countries besides their countries of origin, and that is a provision as well. Is that the case? This is not in my proposal. This is not in the proposal and the common general approach of the of the council. It's not in the parliament position. So, and I must also say that I'm not in favor of that. I don't think it's a good idea to send asylum applicants to a third country. But it's not in my proposal and it's not in the council general approach and it's not in the parliament position. So I will be very surprised if that would be the outcome of the negotiations. We can take that assurance. Thank you. And just another series of questions. I have actually three more questions on Tunisia from people who are worried about the policies of the Tunisian regime, the abandonment of hundreds of migrants in the Tunisian desert from Jane Ann McKenna, who's the chief executive officer of the NGO Docus, and how will the EU ensure that the fundamental human rights of individuals seeking asylum will be upheld in their partnerships agreement. You've mentioned already that there is a provision, but do we have the ability to oversee that we can uphold the standards of human rights in that agreement? Tunisia is a long standing strategic partner to the EU and also to several, I think maybe all of the member states of the EU. And it's clear that there are a lot of challenges and that's why we would like to work even closer with Tunisia to address this. And that's why my president was there yesterday to sign this memorandum of understanding. I was in Tunisia the third time during my mandate one and a half months ago where we discussed specifically on the migration part. And what we agree then is that we should work together with Tunisia when it comes to those that are present in Tunisia and that would like to voluntarily return to the country of origin. That we should support that via IOM and the reintegration of these third countries. That Tunisia should welcome back Tunisian citizens that are not eligible to stay in the European Union to return to Tunisia. That we should support Tunisia when it comes to the prevention of these dangers, mostly deadly departures on these boats, that we should work together on the identification of migrants and that we should jointly invest in legal pathways, what we call talent partnership together. And I think this is the way to work on the comprehensive way on migration. Thank you for, thank you for the frank answer on that. Commissioner, I think I probably speak for a lot of people in Ireland, who wonder what can be done or how can the EU assist in stopping the smuggling of migrants and asylum seekers. Every day the huge numbers crossing in the various along the various routes and there are smugglers involved there is huge money involved. Is it difficult for the EU do we feel more or less helpless in front of these smugglers who are ever more ingenious ever more active. More journeys. What is your view in terms of trying to deal with the smuggling because I think that's something that people are really concerned about. Yes, and I think we should be concerned. I think it's extremely important that we remember that that's where I started migrants are human beings that men women and children. It could have been me. It could have been us that are in a situation where they might be desperate to search for a better future or for protection. So I think the day we stop being upset or concerned about lives being lost. We have lost something important of being a human being. So so this is important. Our first obligation is always to save lives and to be able to do that we need to do different things. So, for example, on these deadly routes right now on the central map we have been quite successful on the Atlantic as I started to say, but now we see it on the central map. And these smuggling networks, they are very professional. Many of those have links to different countries. And that's why I went to Pakistan and to Bangladesh to work together with them. Because we see a lot of Bangladesh and Pakistanis along these routes on the central med also and on this terrible tragedy with the shipwreck outside Greece. There could have been three to 400 Pakistanis that actually lost their lives. There was a new bottom of this ship in the belly. And that was a huge tragedy. So it's important to work already from the countries of origin, but then also to work with countries of transit. And this is part of the cooperation, for example, with Tunisia, that we should be able to exchange also data between police to go after these criminal networks. We have seen especially on the Atlantic's actually quite successful police cooperation on cracking down on the smugglers. And this we need to do even more. But we also need to do is search and rescue when we can need to prevent their this unsee worthy vessel to depart. But if they depart people need to be rescued. We always have to prioritize saving lives. But to also to prevent more people from going here. I think it's important to in parallel invest in legal pathways. We are an aging society in the European Union. We need workforces from younger societies. And this we should also be better at investing in good pathways for people to come here also legally to contribute to our economy. And this is what we are doing with talent partnership. So unfortunately, there is no quick fix. So we need a comprehensive approach. But I think where you started the day we start to be very upset and concerned. We have lost something it really important. So we should not do that and we should never accept this to be a normal situation. Thank you Commissioner that's very clear and as a very last question it is in fact related to your last point to Donna who who's the deputy director general of the Institute said what role for data sharing in managing secondary movement. The proposed interoperability of Frontex and police databases be of assistance in tracking migrants. It's a question of interoperability of data. And presumably the more of that, the more successful can be tracking be of migrants and movements as a very last question. Now there are different part in this in this question. One is when we talk about secondary movement inside European Union, then it's important with my proposal on the new Europe that we will have more proper data, especially also to protect children that sometimes go missing migrant children it's important that we really have the information on each individual and to make sure that no child will be will be missing. So that is it's not an exchange of data but it's more of a having the proper statistics on each individual that is there. When it comes to protect protection of our borders. It's not really an exchange of data but it's working together on the specific routes that are there. Where we really need the exchange of personal data is for police cooperation. And that is when a national police or Europol are exchanging data with a third country police. And that for to able to do that we need a special status agreement to so that we can also stand up to our high standards of data protection. But I think this is necessary to be able to go after the top level of these smugglers. We have to remember that these smugglers are not sending people to Europe. They are sending them to death. And sometimes they're actually even forced into the vessels, even when the weather conditions are really, really dangerous. So it's important that we not do not only go after the smugglers on the on the ground but also for this top level of these that really earns all the money of this cynic business. And for that we need police cooperation and for that we need a status agreement for exchanging of data with Europol and third country police. Thank you very much indeed. Commissioner that's a very chilling end to our discussion, but we owe you a great debt of gratitude for being so comprehensive and frank with us about the challenges that you face but also, I think it's very heartening to hear of the progress that has been made and we can just wish you well in something that is of huge importance to all the member states of the EU and and to internationally, because this this is one of the difficult and most challenging issues and we thank you again for joining us today to explain the challenges but also the progress that has been made. So thank you most sincerely. Thank you very much. It's been a pleasure. Thank you.


Most published research findings are false, according to a recent paper in the Journal Plus Medicine, written by John Yonides, a professor of epidemiology at Tufts University School of Medicine. Well, I suppose we had a good run. I'll inform the other scientists we can start packing up our desks. Science as a human endeavor is dead. We'll just have to find something else to do. Real domination has always held an attraction for me, and I think I might check the one-ads for something in that field. Start out as a minion and work my way up to Evil Genius. This kind of headline is, a, completely accurate, b, completely misleading to non-scientists. In fact, if someone quotes this at you, it's a good chance they've never read it, and also a reasonable chance that they're on the road to science denialism. I want to discuss what it actually has to say. First, I want us to pick a medically relevant hypothesis. Let's say we decide that we hypothesize that black licorice can be shown to significantly increase cancer in rats. We actually need to set up two competing hypotheses, the alternative hypothesis, which we just stated, and the null hypothesis, which is that black licorice cannot be shown to significantly increase risk of cancer in rats. The word significant here has a specific meaning. It doesn't mean important or meaningful so much as it is unlikely to have occurred by chance. If we feed licorice to 1,000 rats, and no licorice to another 1,000 rats, the number who get cancer is going to be affected by chance, and also possibly the treatment. If we, for example, find that 50 of the control rats and 55 of the licorice-fed rats get cancer, is that a significant finding? Or was it simply what we should have expected, given a normal random distribution of cancer risk? What about 50N60? Is that enough difference to say that black licorice is a scourge to mankind? Ronald Fisher, the evolutionary biologist and statistician, provides a way of answering this question. He set up a way to express whether something was significantly above random chance. First, we define our hypotheses, as we've already done. Second, we clearly define the statistical relationships and assumptions. Third, we make the observations and apply the appropriate test statistic. Fourth, we make a decision on the outcome of the test statistic, and we reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis. We always start from the position that the null cannot be rejected, in this case that licorice is safe. If it were a new drug, the null hypothesis would be that it is not safe, or that it is not effective. Only successfully rejecting the null would be a vindication of that new drug. Our prior assumption for something we've never tested before is that it doesn't have the desired effect. Our test statistic today, and this is a common one, is the student's t-test. It was developed by William Gossett, an Oxford graduate, a chemist working for Guinness Brewery, as a way of monitoring the quality of the stout being produced. It's not called Gossett's test because Claude Guinness didn't want his competitors to know he was using statistics to monitor quality. Instead, Gossett used a pen name, student. Fisher actually created the form we use today, but it still bears the pen name of a secret brewery mathematician. There are certain assumptions to a student's t-distribution, small sample size, unknown standard deviation for the population, and it looks a bit like a normal distribution, but with heavier tails on either side. We take our population of rats and apply the test statistic. Now we need to decide at what level we will consider the results significant. Fisher proposed a standard 5% or 0.05 significance level, a value denoted as alpha or 1-beta. What does that mean? It means that there is a 5% chance that we will falsely conclude that there is a difference between the groups by chance alone. Take our example with 50 rats in the control group and 68 rats in the licorice group with cancer. We conclude that the difference is significant, but at this level there is always a 5% chance we are falsely concluding there is a difference when no difference really exists. Out of every 100 such studies, we will get a false conclusion in 5. We will call this the false positive or type 1 error. There is the opposite error. This is where we reject the alternative hypothesis in favor of the null. Even though there really is a difference. The drug is not safe, not effective, or the licorice is not a carcinogen when it really is. This is a type 2 or false negative. The false negative is strongly affected by the power of a test. In our example, suppose we only had 10 rats in each group and exactly 3 in each group got cancer. We might conclude that there is no significant difference between these two groups, but that's because the noise level contributed by randomness is so high. If we repeated this 100 times, we might never be able to detect the very real 20% difference in cancer rates between these two populations. So there are two ways that we can be wrong in every test of a hypothesis, and two ways we can be right. What can we say generally about the numbers of false and true alternative hypotheses? How many false hypotheses exist and how many true? There's a very large number of hypotheses that can be false, but only a relatively small number that can be true. We can hypothesize a lot more things than that can actually be demonstrated to be true. So in our four quadrant display, the majority of null hypotheses are likely to be true. This makes that small 5% false positive error a pretty major contributor to coming to the wrong conclusions. I'm going to borrow an example from an excellent article by economist Alex Tabarak on his blog, Marginal Revolution. Suppose we take 1,000 hypotheses. Assume that most of them will be false for reasons we just discussed. 200 are true and 800 are false for our purposes. Our level of significance allows 5% of the false hypotheses to be true, so at least 40 will be false positives. From the true set, let's assume the power of our tests allows us to pick up 60% of the 200 true hypotheses. That gives us 160 total cases where we fail to reject the null, or if you prefer where we support the hypothesis. But only 120 of that 160 are true positives, or 75%. The other 25% of the results are getting us the wrong answers without any need for publication bias or researchers with conflicts of interest. There's more to it, of course. This was just where the objective numbers get us. Bad research can also bias results, and so can bad researchers. Our expectations, our conflicts of interest, are simple bad statistical assumptions. One of the most important elements is the economics of sample size. It's cost prohibitive to run trials with thousands of animal models or enrolled patients, yet that's what's needed when the effect size is relatively small. We often do good enough research and add caveats to the conclusion saying that further study is warranted, or calling the study a pilot study. So what should we do? Should I go get fitted out for my minion uniform of a spandex jumpsuit and hard hat with a stripe down the middle? No, and none of this is surprising to me. I think most young grad students learn this intuitively by conducting their own research and following the literature. Results are variable, and what starts as a very interesting outcome is less interesting when it's repeated or when a larger sample size is used. Engaging in research has a way of grinding out the bright-eyed optimism and surprising results. Even if your understanding of statistics isn't very deep, we learn to live with disappointment. So when someone sends me a single study in support of a surprising contradiction, I'm always very skeptical, even a little cynical, that this single outcome has destroyed our prior knowledge on the topic. Likewise, numerous small studies, each of them inappropriately small for the effect size, do not add up to a strong conclusion. What is needed is some way of applying a little extra caution for the really outrageous conclusions, and some have proposed just such a mechanism, Bayesian prior probability. This is a slightly subjective way of measuring what the likelihood of an alternative hypothesis is. Those that represent major departures from existing models need a stronger effect, a larger population, or less contribution from random noise. It's a way of codifying the basic skeptical rational principle expounded by Carl Sagan. Extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. When we apply this to concepts like psi or precognition, which frequently find support for their hypotheses, but require a new theoretical model in multiple fields of science, it allows us to cut through 90% of research published with small sample sizes, or very small but significant differences. Scientists learn very early on in their careers that individual papers are interesting, and can lead to marvelous discoveries, but cherry picking single studies is never as reliable as looking at an entire body of literature on a topic. A single result, unless it is a truly definitive study, is not very persuasive when stacked against dozens of other papers with contradictory findings. In spite of what you may have been taught, a single documented exception to theory is not sufficient evidence to overturn it. What is needed, most of all, is repetition of good research, skepticism about weak or small studies, skepticism about very small effect sizes, and a good theoretical underpinning to the finding. We also need to learn the difference between evidence-based medicine, where a difference can be demonstrated between treatment and controls, and science-based medicine, where not only is there evidential support, but it also agrees with a theoretical or mechanistic understanding of the disease, or condition, or pathway. Surprising results we don't understand the mechanism of should be regarded with more skepticism. There are many documented cases where a researcher made bad choices in experimental design either intentionally or through simple bad judgment. I think the effect of researcher bias is a lot less prevalent than most people think, and researcher incompetence, or simply sloppy design, is a lot more common. We scientists need to be a little bit more strict about the misuse of the p-value statistic, or measurements of significance as the sole determinant of whether a result is real or not. There is more to research than simply observing statistical differences. It should certainly inform further research, but not be the end of it. We also need to get a lot better at communicating these concepts to journalists and policy makers and the general public.  Do you feel a little differently about the importance of the outcome of our study? Even if we find a significant result, that result on its own is probably not enough to ban licorice. Politicians and journalists, like most of the general public, don't get this, and so policy choices are often made on bad understanding of research outcomes. I hope when you're presented with some similar finding on a new cure for cancer or some new association is found between people who watch YouTube videos and IQ, you'll apply a little bit of extra skepticism. Yes, many or most research findings are false, but the more good studies there are on a topic, the better the chance that we'll converge on something like the correct result. Also important is that prior probability, the theoretical basis or mechanism by which something might have occurred, extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. And if you find someone who's quoting Ioannidis, check to see if they even understand why findings are false. If they yammer on about corrupted researchers, industry meddling, political bias, and global conspiracies, you know they never read the paper. The real reason why studies are false is much simpler. Scientific testing is not perfect. It is a human endeavor done in the darkness of ignorance, but building a useful tool to light our way by numerous missteps, by fruitless pursuits and false confidence. Ultimately though, it works better than any other method we have so far discovered. We just have to learn to manage it better, to compensate for our failings, and to accept that it's not a simple way to comprehend the world around us. Thanks for watching. Every cell of each plant and animal contains genetic information coded onto the DNA molecules.


Dark Souls 3, as you would guess, is the third installment in the Dark Souls franchise. This one's character creator takes more points from the first Dark Souls rather than the second, which could be considered an entirely different character creator compared to how similar one and three are. I don't really have a point with these info dump intros, I just feel as though I need to say something before I start talking about points.  You get a starting class, which is not exactly a class in the traditional RPG sense, but rather a set of starting stats. There is nothing that one class can do that others couldn't do with just a few level ups, but this does allow you to customize kind of how you start the game off and how you play it. You also get a choice of a handful of burial gifts, as you do with every Souls game. Degrees are very minorly influential consumables that you start with, it's just another minor thing to change your starting experience with each playthrough. Down here you can see that we have several face presets of varying degrees, all with a short lore description that gives you a little bit of insight into the world. You also get physical build options, which I'm gonna go ahead and say is a huge plus. I'll go into detail later when I talk about what's good about this character creator, but for now, very nice that that's a feature. And by selecting the appearance button, we can go into further detail with additional adjustment sliders, not just for the head and face, but for the body as well. You also have a similar face button that uses the character's current settings as a basis for making tons of similar faces with very slight varying adjustments.  So the bad.  First of all, the game does not show you PC button prompts, only on the controller. This means that the menu takes a little bit of getting used to and finicking around to figure out what the hotkeys are. For example, I didn't know what the buttons for confirm and back are. I just had to mess around with the keys until I figured out what it was. I didn't know that the F key is to switch the view on the character. I had to press every button to figure out what that was. It would be nice if they put little button prompts at the bottom if you were using keyboard and mouse. This means the menus take some getting used to, which every graphic designer knows should never be the case. A good menu means you can get used to it in a second. A great menu means you never have to, because you instantly understand it. And learning that in order to make major adjustments by tens instead of ones by holding down shift and pressing the arrow keys together is not something you would instantly understand without a button prompt, which is absent. Even with going back and forth, if you don't know what the hotkeys are, which I certainly didn't, you have to right click and then pick the option that you want. You can't even rotate the character by clicking and dragging, no, you have to press these individual buttons down here. You either have to click the arrows at the end or press the arrow keys on your keyboard. Just let me click and drag the little icon, it's right there. Overall, just figuring out how to use this menu and just the act of using it with a mouse and keyboard is frustrating. Yes, I know, you could use a controller, but you have to understand that not everyone can, nor does everyone want to. And that's not even mentioning the fact that this character creator also suffers from the hovering over selection instantly selects it, making comparisons difficult syndrome. But the menus are rough to use. Next up, the options are liars, and will oftentimes affect multiple parts of a character at once, not just what they say. For example, for nose size, pushing the slider closer to the wide part will enlarge the eyes, lengthen the nose, and lower the height of the mouth. That is way more than just nose size. And pushing it towards the narrow section will widen the jaw, shorten the nose, and shrink the eyes, and raise the mouth. What? This mouth occlusion also affects the chin depth. This nostril slant actually affects the nose tip, and nostril size widens the mouth. And does nasal size change the mouth to look greener? This makes it really finicky and way more time consuming than it should be to make the perfect face for your character, because when adjusting these sliders you never know if they're going to make a change that's so subtle that you have to mess with three other sliders to notice it, or something so wild and face changing that it will completely destroy your carefully crafted ashen horn. I could go more into how messy just the act of customizing your character is in Dark Souls 3's character creator, but you get the idea. And finally, a minor negative that's one of two parts. The first part will be in the bad, the second part will be in the good. I personally don't think this character creator looks very good. Just looking at the presets, they all look pretty derpy and kinda gross, especially the hair. I said in the Monster Hunter video that I am a stickler for hair and character creators. And this… this hurts me. This is pretty bad. You get 24 options and they all look… eugh. Same with the facial hair, it looks really messy and in need of a trim or some kind of combing. That is the grossest beard I've ever seen. Now I know someone out there is going to make the excuse that it's meant to be that way, and that the world of Dark Souls is supposed to be a depressing and dreary place, and that a pretty character would mess up with the tone of that fantasy. And I disagree for two reasons. First of all, because you can make a pretty character given enough time, and also because you can make a monstrosity like this. And I don't know about you, and although this is pretty terrifying, I don't think this really keeps in the tone of the game either. Say what you want about, oh, they're meant to be ugly. I don't know that this is what you really mean by that. Okay, so now let's go into the good. I feel as though those that have played this game already know what some of the positives are. Now I mentioned before that you can change your character's size in this game. You can be skinny, or fat, or anything in between. And not just that. You can pick and choose in what ways your character is skinny or fat. If you want a huge lower body, but a small upper body, you can.  A couple of people on the Monster Hunter video mentioned problems with being able to change your body size, needing new animations, or to adjust equipment to fit the character, to which I present Dark Souls. The equipment scales with your body type. Look at that. Animations, weapons, telegraphs, hitboxes, equipment, gameplay, all unaffected by the character's size. This is awesome. Now I said it is difficult to make a nice looking character, but I didn't say it was impossible. You just have to spend a lot of time flipping through menus. And this is a positive because you essentially have control over nearly every inch of the face. Not only finicky control, but control nonetheless. Dark Souls allows you to morph parts of the face that plenty of games would never really touch, and in ways that many games would never allow.  They even give you RGB color sliders for the skin. And though I'd never say there's such a thing as too many options, too many of them do contradict each other. But on the other hand they can help in making very specific face types. The double-edged sword of giving the player so much control over the character's face is that you can make nearly any face you can imagine given enough time. Any face. Including monstrous ones. And I cite this as a positive because it is incredibly entertaining to traverse through this desolate wasteland with serious characters and a serious story while looking like something out of a bootleg Muppets show. This can make both the character creator and main game a whole lot more fun. Oh my god. Give me a kiss. Come here. Give me a kiss. But hey, maybe you don't want to sit through all the menus pushing all the sliders all over the place while have I got news for you. The similar face option is great for all you artists who want their own horrifying monstrosity but just want to sit back and leave things up to fate.  A minor nitpick about this is that if you are trying to use this option legitimately for like your pretty character or your handsome character as soon as you hit that similar face option your character's face is forever changed to one of these selections even if you hit back. And there's no undo option so that's a little bit annoying. So if you accidentally hit similar face you are stuck with one of these options.  Ah yes there we go. Ah. Perfection. So here's my conclusion. Using the menus and trying to make a nice looking character is almost as difficult as the actual game. But it's fantastic for making horrifying freaks of nature. This has been character creator critique. Be sure to vote...  This is my show now. What? How did you get here? Oh I see how it is.  Well guess what? You milk drink and hoo-ha. You can't get rid of me that easily. You can't do this. This is my show. Get out of here. You're not welcome here anymore. I hope you've got crutches at the ready because I'm going to beat all four of your cheeks so hard your grandchildren are going to walk funny. No no no no no no no no. You come here. You thought you got rid of me? Well you were wrong.  It's time for D&D summer boiii...


Hey Virgo, welcome back to the channel. If you're new, welcome. Please smash that like button and subscribe if you enjoy the reading. And we are now at the 40,000 subscriber mark. Shout out to all of you. Thank you so much for making this channel so much fun and enjoyable. So yeah, my name is Kelly and this is House of Virgo. Please keep in mind this is a general love singles reading. Some messages may or may not be for you. This might happen for you. It may not. Take it with a grain of salt. This is a channel for Virgo, sun, moon, rising, or Venus. But all signs are welcome. Okay Virgo, so yep, I hope you had a great weekend. You have heart with a key. Welcoming love, meeting the one, opening your heart, getting together and perfect. So Virgo, singles or maybe you have someone that's blooming. Nothing is confirmed in stone yet, but here you go. Meeting someone, welcoming love, meeting the one, opening up your heart, getting together and that feeling of hey, we're perfect for each other. That's awesome Virgo. So this is going to be for June, the rest of June. Okay, talking, interested, conversing more, awaited, message arrives, text, call, email and well hoovering. Someone very interested in talking to you in this month. Okay, let's see what else. One more card. Wow, amazing. You have the butterfly. Relationship evolving to the next phase, healing the inner child and growth.  I mean, this is definitely an energy of your meeting someone. You'll be talking to someone new. Let's find out a little bit more. Who is this person that Virgo is going to be connecting with? Meeting who's coming towards Virgo. Let's take a look, Virgo. How exciting.  That's just amazing compatibility. Gosh, that whole, I just feel it like your person, your person. I don't know, Virgo. I'm getting like really good love vibes, the energies. Okay, got the Empress. Wow. You know, like, so I'm going to put this, this is a feminine energy of course. So for some of the guys out there, you know, or those of you who like the feminine energy, this is like, this is the person you want to connect with. This is someone who is very beautiful, very alluring, very attractive, takes a very good care of herself. She has a, could be a Libra or a Taurus. She has, man, she's all about beauty. She's all about abundance. She represents like even good parent. She's a good parent. Just maybe children or she's someone that, you know, pregnancy, this is like, I want you to have my baby kind of energy.  Now let's see. I love it. It's, if anything, if it's not representing a person, just the energy of the Empress is like creating something new and having this beautiful new beginning. All right, let's see what else you have, Virgo. All right, I did see that. Okay. So Queen of Swords. So Gemini, Libra, Aquarius. Okay, definitely picking up some double Libra energy here, but I will tell you that there is going to be like a lot of communication and talking with you and this person between you and this person. Let me just see here. Okay, now we've got Gemini. So the Knight of Wands, Queen of Cups. Okay, some of you are going to meet this person through a friend if you haven't already met them. But, you know, Virgo, it just feels like some of the, okay, for some of you, this could be a same sex relationship, but I also want to tell you that like, I mean, there's so much passion here between passionate conversations and so much deep feelings. Someone coming towards you and it's all like this new beginning energy with the Magician and the Empress. They also have Cancer Scorpio Pisces. I'm not going to get too much into the signs because I just kind of feel like that might confuse you a little bit, but I do feel like some of you are going to be connecting or talking to two different people also as well, but we're not going to get into these two different people. If you've got two different people and you're trying to figure out who's going to be the better match for you, you could always book a personal reading with me. The link is below, but let me just see here. And one more card on this Queen of Cups. Okay. So there's a lot of travel involved in this connection with this person, so they may be at a distance to you. Now, when I say distance, I'm not talking like necessarily, it doesn't have to be like very far distance, but I see this person, I guess I want to say like driving, driving to you.  I mean, I feel like this person you meet is one of those people who they don't, they don't wear their heart on the sleeve. They're very deep emotional and caring type of a person, very lovely energy, but I feel like they are someone who knows what they want.  They're not out here just being flaky and just kind of seeing where, you know, like this person is determined, like there's determination with this person to connect. Okay. And I'm feeling like there's going to be some communication between you and this person. And I'm just hearing this person saying they're willing to they have no problem driving in a distance or, you know, flying somewhere. Like I just kind of get a sense of like a long distance kind of thing. So yeah, there's, there's definitely some time distance mileage between you and this person. And it looks like they're the one who's going to be doing all the driving to connect with you. Like it's like, yes, I'll be in my car. Yes, I'll come and meet you. I'm definitely coming. Okay. So it's a very good energy. I like it. Now let me see what else can you tell Virgo about this person? Okay. Wow. Well, they're definitely single.  This starts the major arcana. And I feel like this person has a very free spirit. And they're a risk, like they're okay with taking some kind of a risk, you know, I just feel like this person is just very free.  Coming to connect with you. So I feel like this is someone who travels lightly.  This person is just a very free spirited person and carefree. Like they're very hopeful, very positive person. They don't see things that could go wrong.  You can go off that cliff. I mean, this person has such a positive outlook on life, very carefree, maybe even a little foolish, but they're just, I don't see, I think they'd be good for you because it's not someone who really worries about anything.  They're not even a deep thinker. You know, it's not that they don't have a brain.  They're just very happy and joyous. You know, I love this energy. And again, with this fool, I feel like it's someone who travels, you know, so you're connecting. You'll be connecting with someone I feel like at a distance. So tell me more or at least tell Virgo more about this person. Okay. So you got three queens. So okay, let me see. Oh, what are they going to like about Virgo? That's what they're asked. That's what they want you to, what are they going to like about you? Okay. Well, definitely a trick. So there's something here they're saying to me that you two are very different in your approach in life. Okay. Virgo, very practical, pragmatic, very dedicated, consistent, your realist.  Enjoy, you know, you're pretty level headed. So the energy between the two of you, you're grounded. This person's like kind of up in the air, you know. While this person is all about the adventure, getting on the plane and taking the trips and traveling, Virgo's like, well, hold on, let me see if I can find discounted tickets. You know, there's two very different energies. But I think what this person like or will like about you is that you are a good decision maker. You're, it's something like, I don't know, they're just saying, you have the ability to ground this person. I don't know what that means. It just, I don't know, Virgo, I just kind of feel like this person like will like the differences between you is that you bring stability to the relationship. Okay.  And that you are kind of like someone who you're good at making decisions and you're good at compromising about things. I don't know, this is weird.  Right.  What would this person find like physically attractive about Virgo? Will this person find physically attractive about Virgo? Okay, so I don't know who this is for, but they're just telling me you're back. You're back. What a strange message. Something about your back. I don't know if your muscles are like the curvature of your back. That's such a weird message. You know, I don't know. It feels very sensual. Okay. Well, hold on a minute. Is this going to be like a physician? Somebody's telling me this. They're telling me this person's like a physician or something. Like they're really care about the body. I don't know where this, I don't know where this reading is going. Okay, let me just see. They're saying this person is like, I don't know, a healer, a physician. Okay. This person is a gift giver. They like to give gifts. Oh, okay. Somebody's going to get like a butterfly tattoo on your lower back somewhere, like at least from the middle of your back down, your lower back down, or maybe you already have that. Okay. Or this person has that. There's something. Yeah, there's just something about the lower back. Okay, let me see. Okay. You know what? I just want to ask, like, tell Virgo more about this person coming towards them. And what, okay. Okay. Well, you know, I mean, as far as like what they're like, I do get a sense that this person is a little miserly in the sense where they are very careful.  They really do. And I think that's what it will be attractive to them about you as well, because you guys will definitely have that in common. I don't know why that is important. I don't feel like this is someone who is all about the money, or in other words, someone who's like going to connect with you if you have money. If you're one of those people that has a lot of money, you don't feel like this is someone who's going to live off, you know, they're only connecting with you for the money. I don't feel that way about them. If anything, I feel it's quite the opposite. I feel like this person is very good at balancing their money. But they live their life, like their money, they make it work for them, but they live their life so that they can enjoy the fruits of their labor. But they're not someone who spends crazily, and then they're broke. You know what I mean? This is someone who's like, okay, well, I have this much to spend. And then I'm going to go with Virgo, and I'm just someone who I have this much to spend, but I'm going to spend it all on this amazing adventure. It's this type of a person. I don't know why this is significant. Like, to me, it doesn't even matter. But to some of you, this might be very significant to you in some way. What else does Virgo need to know? And the other thing too, Virgo, I feel like this person has very deep, like, lusty passions. You know, like, this is not someone who is, I just want to say like a prude. Okay. And then also take care of their parents. Yes, they take either they take care of their parents or some elderly people. But they also, I feel like they might do something in a job of some sort where they help the homeless or people who struggle or make the volunteer or something along those lines. And I feel like that has like, I don't know if there's doctors without borders or someone who is a physician and they go and they do all this really cool, you know, humanitarian kind of stuff, especially if it's an Aquarius that would fit. And let's see, when is this person coming towards Virgo? Now obviously this is a June reading, but we will see more specifically when this person, just so you know, they're like completely single. I'm feeling like this person is completely single. When and where is Virgo going to meet this person? Oh, okay. So it's definitely going to be in July. Okay. It's going to kick off July. And I feel like you're going to meet this person. They're giving me a couple of different places, but I will say it's, it's somewhere fun. Okay. So if you're going somewhere or you're doing something fun in July, if you're going to a theme park, you'd be out at a beach. Maybe you're sailing or surfing in July or at some kind of outdoor fun event. Yes, you will connect with this person there and it will be, you know, I mean, it's kind of cliche. Let me see if I can get more specific. Okay. So they're saying it's a, it might be somewhere along where there's a lot of children. There will be a lot of children in the area. Oh yeah. Okay. On the water. So the sun and the sand and the water is what I'm picking up. And it could be like if you're going boating also, if you're doing some boating or some kind of family event, I'm picking up where there's children, you will connect with this person. Now this isn't going to be for all of you. Okay. So keep that in mind.  It's really going to kick off in the middle of the summer. So I know like some of you are in the southern hemisphere and where it might be cold. So it could be an indoor event with a lot of lighting as well that has kind of like a fun aspect or a theme, fun theme park kind of aspect to it. If you're in a cold climate, it's definitely going to be some kind of a party where they have drinks. And it feels very like for the majority of you, like an outdoor event could be a concert or somewhere that's on the water or a parade or something along those lines where they have like craft tables or food and drinks and stuff like that. I'm seeing um mostly though a boat like a boat. If you're going on a cruise, somebody might be going on a cruise. I do feel like you may connect with someone on a cruise or you may already be connecting with this person right now as you're listening to this and going on a cruise together. Okay. In July, together together and having a damn good time. Okay. Yes. There you go. So this is definitely some kind of outdoor type of celebration. Okay. Yes, definitely some type of like with family, friends, reunions, parties, outdoor tents, that kind of thing anywhere in the world really. They're not giving me like a real specific place, but I will tell you it's warm. It's a very warm place. Even if you're in a cold climate, it will be somewhere where you go somewhere warm. Even when it's cold, it's still warm. Okay. That's kind of what I'm picking up. Let me see. Okay. Yeah, there's kids and there's games.  It doesn't have to be your children. You may not even have kids or anything like that. There's a lot of kids, there's games, reunion type of thing. Again, with this like friendship, circle support, maybe you're going to like one of those gaming con type things you're attending or something along those lines. I mean, it's going to be, it looks exciting. I mean, it looks exciting. I feel like somebody's going to either you're going to see this person as like the most handsome, the most beautiful, the most attractive person you've ever met. There's going to be like this goddess God type energy hanging around this person where there's this allure that it's just going to be very surprising. It's going to be very surprising. And I, you know what, if you don't have plans for July, go out and make some plans for July. That's all I got to say. Let me see what else is coming toward you here. So it could be a Leo as well, but you know, we do have so we have Cancer Scorpio Pisces, Virgo Taurus, Capricorn, Gemini Libra, Aquarius, not much in the way of fire. Not much in the way of fire. So I'm not really picking up. It's low on the percentage line of it being a fire sign. It's not that it, they can't be, but okay. So you've got no contact. Some of you are in no contact. And because of that, an emotional wish is being granted. So some of you are not talking to someone you have like dipped out. You are in no contact with someone. You're not getting calls. You're not receiving text messages. You completely have just, you're done. You're out. Sayonara by Felicia by Felipe. You're done. You're not engaging. No contact can't reach out to you. You're not reaching out to anyone. And because of that, you're creating this space for love to come in and for you to engage with somebody new here. Or if you already are and you're in no contact, I feel like you're getting some type of wish being granted here. It's a nine of cups here as well. So definitely communication and talking. Someone becoming very smitten with you and starting now or starting in July. Okay. So between now and July. What is today? Today is June 11th. Yes. Beginning now. Okay. Future plans and choosing a path. Wow, Virgo. So it really just feels to me like you have just put the brakes on something at some point before. And it feels to me like you're going to be talking to somebody new who just really has a key to your heart.  So for some of you, this might just be a scenario where you get to compare and see what you've actually been missing. So I mean, obviously if you're in no contact with someone from before, obviously there's like a detrimental reason for that. That something must have happened or something wasn't good and allowing yourself to open yourself up to somebody new that's wholesome and maybe more refreshing and not what you were dealing with before can really kind of give you an eye-opening feeling of, I can't believe I've been missing out on the real deal here. You know what I mean? Some of you might just decide now after listening to this, you know what I am going to go no contact and put that behind me and open myself up and just go enjoy my life the next at least through this new season here this June through August season. Okay, so let me say I just want to get a couple of romance angels cards to see what else Spirit wants you to know about this situation here.  You I mean, there's definitely a relationship. It will evolve. You will meet someone if you don't already know them and this will evolve to another a new a next phase. You know, going no contact to heal and have growth and get yourself back out there. It's just and I'm not saying like getting out there and just getting into a dating event.  This is living your life being happy, attending some social events, even if you only go to two or you go to 20, whatever there. There's definitely, you're going to come across people. You're going to end definitely going to come across someone specific who I don't know. You know, I just always feel like this page wants always reminds me of like the spark that lights the kindling, you know, to get something started here. And that's what I feel like a spark. You will be experiencing that with someone. All right. What's this? Oh, look, enjoying the bliss of holiday time together. So for somebody this could be like, you know, a holiday in July. So I know here in the United States, we have the fourth of July and Independence Day. And kind of see if there's any other holidays. I mean, Canada days on July 1st. I mean, there's a couple other things going on. There's something going on in France.  I don't know. It's going to feel like you're on a holiday. Yeah. Here's attraction. Wow, Virgo. Virgo, I don't know what you're doing. If you're like completely single and you don't have a situation that's blooming, you just going and just doing your fun things with family, friends, attending some type of events of some sort, and you and just there you are staying optimistic, going out and having a good time. You attract romantic love by enjoying the moment fully. I feel like you're definitely going to be attracting someone to you, staying optimistic, positive thinking, and faith bringing you romance. I mean, I love this, Virgo. I love that somebody's, you're going to start talking to someone. Okay. Of course, as always, Virgo, paying attention to the red flags, get it while getting to know each other. Virgo, I feel like you got it down pat now. I feel like you are, you're not a careless risk taker. I feel like you still got that edge. I feel like you still have an edge, but now you're going to be kind of like a little more cautious in the sense of like, I'm not going to take a risk until I really get to know this person.  So I feel like you've been through, you've been through it, Virgo. And I feel like you, like you're not like, I don't feel like you're, what's the word I'm looking for? I don't feel like you're going to be looking for red flags on purpose. I just feel like you're aware.  I don't know that you're even like that. I think you might just be more along the lines of like, oh, this is awesome. I am just going to keep my eyes open, but at the same time, I'm going to balance it with like really having a good time and enjoying myself, spending time with this person.  So this is for someone who's kind of like, you know, I can, I can, I can keep my, my eyes peeled, but I can also have a wonderful time getting to know someone as well. Like I'm not going to be scared. Yeah. So you've learned the lesson. Okay. Now you are the master of things. You, if someone is unavailable, you're going to know it and you're not going to chase that down. I don't feel like this person is coming in that way, but I feel like you, you're not, I guess, I just want to say like, like, I feel like they keep telling me you're not going to waste time, you know, you're not going to like sabotage anything and you're not going to unnecessarily, if you're, you're going to call a spade a spade, if you, you're, you're open to dating, but if you find out that someone is like not going to be emotionally, or at least it's not going to be available. It doesn't mean necessarily emotionally, but someone who just doesn't have the time for a relationship, then you're going to call it pretty quick, like nip it in the bud. Right. But I don't see that here with this person. Okay.  I mean, that's a lifetime. We're always healing. We're always learning. We're always on this journey. Okay. But you are more so in that mindset now where if anything comes up, you're going to pay attention to it. And this might be some kind of healing experience for you as well. For some of you, you may need to just, you know, of course keeping your wits about you, but I feel like something about being in this new relationship or making this connection with this person will be very healing. And that's interesting. Apologies. So this says you can expect the apology you want to hear. For forgo, I feel like some of you, this is about apologizing to your inner child or apologizing to yourself for, I feel like a lot of you owe yourselves an apology and you need to forgive yourself. This is not so much someone else apologizing, even if they do, they might, but this is more so about you needing to forgive yourself and just say, you know, I'm an imperfect person and I'm just doing the best I can. I'm doing the best I can to be the best person I can be. And I'm not going to blame myself entirely for all the world's problems. I'm not that important. I'm just over here doing my thing, trying to live my life, lots of stuff going on in the world. And I make mistakes. And sometimes I make good decisions and sometimes I don't. And I'm going to forgive myself for those bad decisions. I'm going to apologize to myself for those wrong terms. And I've, you know, I'm, I'm, I'm learning the lesson from them.  Some of you, maybe you just blame yourself entirely, you know, it takes two to tango Virgo and understand that nobody is perfect. The other person's not and neither are you.  If you're in that place to say it's all of my fault, everything I did was wrong. I mean, no, if you were making a specific decision at a specific time and in hindsight, now you realize that wasn't the right decision. Well, don't blame yourself because at the time, maybe with what you knew and what you had to work with, that was the best you could arrive at. And don't blame yourself for that, right? Your intuition, you already know the answer you seek is showing up here. Trust your intuition, Virgo, when it comes to new love, okay, interference and external party is intruding in this relationship. You know what, Virgo? You know what this is? This is the interference of yourself. I know it's crazy, but in context, the external party is that little voice within you that wants you to not progress and not heal. And you need to like see that as something that is separate to you. That is not who you are.  No, you shouldn't do this. It's a very judgmental voice. And it's not your voice. Learn to separate your voice from those other interfering voices. I'm not saying your voice is in your head, but there's these tapes sometimes that run through our heads that actually are on a loop that sometimes they could come from our environment growing up. They could come from family members or parents or certain people or things that have been said to us or teachers or you know, people who have who had influence on us that we've just had we have this tape rolling maybe past relationships or a particular relationship you were in that with someone that wasn't very nice, you know, and wasn't supportive.  Now you need to push that away. That's not, that's not your voice. Find your voice, trust your intuition and you've got, because you have true love here. Okay. This love is emotional, physical and unconditional love for yourself and this situation involving here is very beautiful Virgil. Very beautiful. So it's very healing. It's going to help you heal. Okay. Cause you got like some loose ends maybe, you know, maybe you got away from something with that no contact and you've given yourself this, this time, but you know, people are like, Oh, I'm afraid to get in another relationship. Well, love, love is healing. Always it's healing. You know, love does, love heals the world. So I mean, I feel like if you're fearful, that's probably that interfering voice that's telling you be scared, be scared. You're not ready. You're not ready. You know, when you connect with someone, allow it to happen organically and naturally and I think that will help you heal. At least that's what I'm getting here. Okay, Virgil.  Oh, oh, cards are going everywhere. Let's see. Okay. Wow. Hold on. I get a sneeze. I'll tell you if it's not the allergies, it's the smoke and then if it's not the smoke, it's the allergies. The smoke as in Canada wildfire smoke. So I'm talking about, okay. So you have a dice, a die. Okay.  The role of the dice here. This is something, a risk definitely. I don't know. There's something about this relationship though I feel is going to be a little unorthodox for you, this person that you're going to connect with. They're not exactly, they're not you Virgil. They have a little bit of an edge. You have a little bit of an edge, but you're much more grounded than this person. Some of you are going like, I don't know. You're going to some kind of casino maybe of some sort or doing, sorry, you have a connection to that, but this is also like, you're rolling the dice and see, I'm just hearing, they're saying, okay, somebody who's listening here has a decision to make about something and they're saying, roll the dice, roll the dice to give you your answer. I don't know what that means. Maybe you're trying to pick a number or a date for something. They're saying, roll the dice and let that be the answer. And you also have an angel feather. Okay, so yeah Virgil, I just feel like if you see a feather and they're also giving me something here, it's weird. I'm seeing a cobra. So I don't know if a cobra will represent something, but if you see a feather, like a single feather somewhere on the ground, that's your message here. This message is for you more than anything. I don't know why. Yeah, I just keep seeing a cobra, which is very bizarre. So what does a cobra mean for you Virgil? You know what, just a real quick thing before I end it. I just wanted to do a couple of mirror oracle. Just what message, what other message does Virgil need to have here from Amira's oracle? Okay, obstacles, blocks, pathways, and delays. That's something connected to this roll the dice thing. Like I said, there's some kind of situation Virgo that I feel like there's an obstacle. They're just saying, leave it to fate. Let fate decide. Okay, so you've got twin flame here. Okay, maybe there's like an issue with a twin flame. Just let fate decide, roll the dice. But for some of you, this is connecting with a spiritual twin flame, a relationship that's effortless. Effortless. If it's not effortless, it's not for you. Just keep that in mind. Like I know sometimes maybe you get confused. You don't understand why something's not progressing. If it's not effortless in the sense that it just doesn't progress effortlessly, then it's not meant to be. If it progresses effortlessly, and it's just beautiful, and it all comes together in sync, then it's meant to be. Oh, okay. Some of you are going to be connecting with a very, with a young male. Okay. Sporty in the cars, youthful or youthful looking. Okay.  So this person might be a race car driver, or they have a brand new car, either in the cars or they work in the car industry as well. So let me show it up in a convertible also. Okay. Well, fun times. Party's events and having fun.  I met a girl crazy for me. Met a boy cute as can be. I should just bleep this out, shouldn't I? I should. I shouldn't sing in my readings. I'm just, I don't know what's wrong with me, but this, this is the vibe. It's a summer love. It's a healing fun summer love. I don't know if it's going to be forever or never or never, but I do feel like, Virgo, this is going to be something you need, perhaps just someone, a summer love affair, something wonderful and beautiful and, and something very healing. Okay. Okay. We're done. Oops. Man things. So yeah, if you guys want to get a personal reading, there's a link in the description box below. All right. You guys have a fantastic evening, fantastic start to your week and I will see you all back here tomorrow.