Okay, the next two slides are just there to get you to become accustomed to looking at how you will see different ions written. This slide is showing you a bunch of different cations, and if you remember cations are atoms or groups of atoms that are positively charged. So this is a lithium ion, it's a lithium cation in particular. And if you just see a single plus, that means that the lithium has a charge of plus one. This is a sodium cation, also charge of plus one, potassium as well. If you have a different ion, like this magnesium ion, that has a different charge, then you have to write the number. So this particular magnesium cation has a charge of plus two. So does this calcium, and this aluminum has a charge of plus three. Again, you don't really need to memorize these. You just need to sort of be able to recognize what this number in the upper right is telling you. This slide is showing you some common anions. This is not an exhaustive list of anions. The list of cations on the previous slide is also not an exhaustive list. They're just examples of different ions. This is a fluorine ion, and again, because there's no number written next to the negative sign, that means that this fluorine ion is charged at negative one. This is a chloride ion, also charged at negative one. This one is at negative one. This iodine is at negative one. And again, if you have to write a number, or if you have a number other than one, then you have to write the number. So this oxygen has an electrical charge of negative two. There's something a little bit formal about this. F is the symbol for fluorine. However, when it becomes negatively charged, you drop the I-N-E and you add I-D-E. So when it's charged, it's called a fluoride ion instead of a fluorine ion. And I'm pretty sure I sort of said both things. I said it the correct way and the incorrect way. But it doesn't really matter. I'm just sort of telling you to tell you just in case someone ever corrects you. This is called a chloride ion, et cetera, et cetera. It's perfectly fine if you call this a chlorine ion, in my opinion. Again, I don't want you to memorize this stuff. I just want you to realize that if you see a negative sign or a number with a negative sign in the upper right of a symbol, that means you have an anion. And that means your ion is negatively charged. OK. So now I want to talk about the fact that ions that have opposite electrical charges, if you have some ion, and so I'm going to just call it x with a plus charge and some other ion, which I'm going to call z with a minus charge, if you have ions that have opposite charges, they'll be attracted to each other. And they will stick together and they will make some material, in this case, maybe the formula would be xz. And when ions stick together, they're called ionic compounds. So I'm going to teach you a rule about how to make or how ionic compounds are made. Here's the rule. Ions, as far as we're concerned, we can remove the almost. Ions always combine to make a net electrical charge of zero. In other words, they will attach to each other in numbers that will cancel each other's electrical charge out. And when you write the formula of an ionic compound where the electrical charges are canceled out, it's customary to write the one with a positive charge on the left side. So for table salt, there's sodium, which is charged at plus one, and chloride, which is charged at minus one. And because the sodium is positively charged, the chloride is negatively charged. They're attracted to each other and they stick together and they make an ionic compound called NaCl. Let me clean that up. Even worse, there's NaCl. And if you'll notice, this sodium has a charge of plus one. This chloride has a charge of minus one. But together, the one plus and the one minus cancel each other out. So the formula for sodium attaching to chlorine is a single sodium attaching to a single chlorine. You'll notice that there's no number in the lower right, which means there's one of each implied to be there. So let me show you again. There's sodium. There's chloride. You need one sodium and one chloride to cancel each other's electrical charge out because the sodium is at plus one, the chloride is at minus one. Here's a different situation. Magnesium comes. The magnesium ion comes with a charge of plus two. The chloride ion comes with a charge of minus one. And there is a material out there in the world called magnesium chloride. You don't really need to know this name, but I'm trying to illustrate a point. And it's an ionic compound. And it's made of magnesium ions and chloride ions stuck to each other. But if you wanted to know what the formula is, it's going to be mg some number attached to chloride, some other number. The question is, what are these numbers go in the place of those question marks? To figure that out, you have to go back to this rule and say, well, ions combine so that they cancel each other's charge out. So if I had one magnesium, the magnesium brings me a charge of plus two. And I mixed it with one chloride. The chloride brings me a charge of minus one. The question you ask yourself, if these two stuck together, one and one, would they cancel each other's charge out? The answer to that is no, because the magnesium has two pluses and the chloride only has one minus. So if I took one of each and stuck them together, the whole charge of this blob that got stuck together is still going to be plus one. But we need to get it to zero. So you can say, well, how many chlorides do I need to actually cancel out the charge of one of these magnesiums? It's not one chloride, I need two of them. So imagine that I had another chloride stuck here as well. And all three of these ions now make one big blob. The magnesium has a charge of two pluses. Each chloride has a charge of one minus, but together they have two minuses that can cancel out the charge of this magnesium over here. So if I have two chlorines and one magnesium, then the whole charge of that blob is going to be zero. And because of that, if I wanted to know what the formula was for magnesium chloride in this blob, it's one magnesium. So over here, I'm going to put a one, that's a horrible one. And how many chlorides are here? There are two of them. So the formula for magnesium chloride is Mg1Cl2. Most of the time, you would never write the number one there, because if it's a one, you can omit it. So the formula for magnesium chloride is going to be MgCl2. And the reason is because you need two chlorides to cancel out the electrical charge of one magnesium. And so if you know the charges of different ions, you can figure out what the formula is for the ionic compounds that they might make. For sodium and chlorine, I just need one of each, because the charges are plus one and minus one. So the formula for sodium chloride is going to be Na1Cl1. But nobody ever writes the ones, so you just write NaCl. Let's do another one. We're going to beat this to death. Calcium has a charge of plus two. Sodium has a charge of plus one. And we want to know how many calciums attached to how many sodiums. What's the formula? This is a trick question. They don't attach to each other, because they both have positive charges. So these things are going to repel each other. They don't make an ionic compound. So you can figure this out as well. This is basically an unanswerable question, because two positive charges are not going to make an ionic compound. Here's maybe a simpler or different version. Sodium comes with a charge of plus one. This is called oxide when it's negatively charged. It has a charge of negative two. So you have to ask yourself, what's the formula for sodium oxide? It's going to be Na question mark, O question mark. How many sodiums and how many oxygens do I need when they come with these charges to cancel each other's electrical charge up? You can guess. You can say, well, I need one sodium. That's plus one. And I need one oxide. That's minus two. Oops, go away. If that happens, if I have one of each, do the electrical charges cancel each other out? No, because I have two negatives from the oxygen, and I only have one positive from the sodium. So that doesn't work. The formula for sodium oxide is not one and one. You could say, well, which one is not bringing enough charge? And it's the sodium. So you can say, well, what if I have two sodiums? Each of them gives me a charge of plus one. And I have one oxide. That gives me a charge of minus two. Does this entire blob of three ions have a total electrical charge of zero? And the answer to that is, yes, it has a charge of zero, because the oxide has two negatives. And each sodium, I have two of them. Each one has a charge of plus one. So that's two positives. Two positives, two negatives gives you a charge of zero. So if you wanted to know what the formula was for sodium oxide, it's two sodiums. So it's Na2 and a single oxygen, O. There's the formula for sodium oxide. And again, you can figure it out just by playing this game of trying to get the ions to match up so they cancel each other's charge out. Here's the last one. Magnesium comes charged at plus two. Oxygen comes charged at minus two. So I want to know what the formula is for magnesium oxide. You can pause the video if you want and try this out. Unpausing, I would say, if I mix one magnesium, charge at plus two, and one oxide charged at minus two, do they cancel, does the entire blob have a total charge of zero? And the answer is yes, because they have equal and opposite charges. And so the formula for magnesium oxide is just one magnesium. You don't have to write the number one and one oxygen. You don't have to write the number one again. So again, it doesn't really matter what the electrical charges are, as long as you can get them to balance out all of a bunch of positives balanced out by an equal bunch of negatives, then you'll be able to figure out the formula for ionic compounds. So that's it for ionic compounds, or at least the beginning of ionic compounds. There will be more coming up in the next video.


Hello and welcome to the Grand Line Review, your source for everything One Piece. And today I would like to show you one of the rarest, coolest and most amazing One Piece items in existence. Because if you're an anime only watcher or a more casual fan, you may be unaware, but the series just celebrated the release of its 1000th chapter. An absolutely monumental achievement, very, very few series in manga history have ever hit such a landmark. But now that we've hit four digit chapter numbers, I think that this is a perfect opportunity to look back at the very moment in history that started at all. And to do that, I actually need to be on camera for a change so that I can show you this. An issue of Weekly Shonen Jump released on July 22nd, 1997, which contains the very first chapter of One Piece. So this magazine is almost 24 years old at this point. It's relatively well preserved what it is. And as you can see, it's covered in this delightful plastic. And that is because I've never opened it. I bought it a couple of years ago for an extortion amount of money and it's just been sitting around wherever I am ever since. But that is going to change today because we are going to crack open this issue, step back in time to 1997 and see what the very first issue of One Piece was like. Which does kind of worry me because this thing is pretty valuable and I'm very afraid of ruining it. You see, the price listed on this magazine is 210 yen, which in 1997 would have been just under $2 US. However, after becoming the highest selling manga of all time, this little size of history can be valued at quite an astonishing amount of money. Depending on their condition and that number only climbs year after year as they become harder and harder to acquire. And I would just like to point out that I did not pay anywhere near that much for this. I mean, over a thousand dollar reduces, it's just a bit too rich for my blood for a magazine, even if it is Australian dollar reduces and even if it is One Piece. But as a result, that first issue of Dragon Ball will forever just be sitting there taunting me. Despite that, apart from opening this bad boy up, we have another very special goal to achieve during this video, which will be giving Grand Line Review viewers a chance to win this piece of history. Because this is one of my most treasured items, but One Piece has given me more than enough. So I figure that it'll do one of you a lot more good than it will me. And if you want to win this glorious piece of One Piece, then all you need to do is subscribe to the Grand Line Review and leave a comment below telling me in a concise couple of sentences what your very first experience of One Piece was. Everyone who enters will be put in a draw and a winner announced in a future video. Exact details are listed in the description below. And yes, you do need to be subscribed. Don't try to cheese the system because this little red icon next to all of your comments tells me whether or not someone is or is not subscribed. And if you're already subscribed, then you are already a winner. And having cleared that first step, all you need to do is comment. Now with that out of the way, let's talk about why this is so special. For those of you who don't know, the One Piece manga is published in a magazine called Weekly Shonen Jump, which as the name implies, means that One Piece chapters are delivered to the general public on a weekly basis, usually consisting of about 18 pages of content. In addition to One Piece, Weekly Shonen Jump publishes chapters of roughly 20 series at any given time, which does explain the magazine's chunky, chunky size. All of which are geared towards the Shonen or Young Boy demographic. There's a lot of value to be had in these things and most of the greatest series of all time have come to us directly through this magazine. And this encompasses glorious classics like Dragon Ball and Jojo's Bizarre Adventure to the early 2000s Marko Boom series like Naruto, Bleach and Hunter Hunter, as well as our modern day hits such as Haikyuu, Demon Slayer, and My Hero Academia. But amongst all of those, One Piece reigns supreme. But it's also the highest selling comic of all time in general by a single author. In fact, the series even holds a Guinness World Record for this, which was awarded about half a decade ago. And with every day that passes, One Piece continues to increase that record. But every great series needs to start somewhere, which would of course be here. Well, sort of. Prior to the very first chapter of One Piece, there were a couple of prototypes that were published being Romance Dawn's version one and two. Version one was published in the Jump 1996 summer special, which I do not have because it's very, very difficult to find. However, version two was released in 1996 in the mainline magazine, which I do have. And you can see the little Romance Dawn icon in the corner here. Absolutely nobody knew what this was about to become. Now, I've actually never opened up this jump either and I'll probably save that for a future video because this is not quite what we're here to talk about. These are a pain to find though, because the one shots often get overlooked by history. However, it's only because they did so well that Etra Oda was given the green light to start One Piece properly. And on the 22nd of July in 1997, this future Manga Beast Behemoth was released to the general public or perhaps unleashed on the general public. Okay, let's open this thing up. I want to reiterate that I have not touched this thing since the moment it arrived in the mail. I've been kind of terrified to open it because let's just say I'm not the greatest with detail and finesse. I'm usually very heavy handed. I mean, just like look at these fingers, these like sausage fingers. They are not made for detail and finesse, but we're going to try our best anyway. And here we go. So immediately we encounter what looks like we're jumping straight into One Piece, although we have a funky color spread thing. And you can immediately tell that this is not a modern edition of Jump. Not in the grand scheme of things anyway, because if you open them up these days, they're plastered with all sorts of ads and promotional content, various anime series and games and even other manga. But this color spread is for a series called Eyes by Masakazu Katsura. And I honestly know nothing about this series itself except that I think it's a romantic comedy maybe. But Katsura's style is immediately recognizable because he tends to push manga to this very uncanny sort of photorealistic realm. And on the back, there's some eyes related promotional stuff. That is not what we're here for, because just look at this. This is the very first page of One Piece. These three panels that started the entire journey with the words I'm sure that we're all well and truly familiar with. Wealth, fame and power. And down here are some words that are ingrained into me from the anime. Dae kaisoku jidai, the great age of piracy. My Japanese is abysmal. It's about I would say kindergarten level to be honest with you, but it is more than enough to recognize these words anywhere. But here's what's better because when we turn the page, I believe what we're going to see is our first One Piece color spread, which has the chapter title romanced on in English actually. And it shows us Luffy, Nami and the red hair pirates. Which actually fun fact, Nami doesn't even appear in the very first chapter of One Piece. She does appear in the first episode of the anime because they did a weird filler thing where they put her on a cruise ship, but we won't be seeing her anywhere else here. And down here, we also have the first instance of the One Piece logo, which I just learned from an interview the other day was not actually designed by Oda. It was put together by graphic designers at Shueisha with Oda's input, but I thought that would be interesting to note, especially given that there have been a multitude of theories based on the quote unquote hidden meaning of the logo. But turning the page, we have an advertisement for the PlayStation one. Oh my God. Yeah, this is definitely how I remember the 90s. There's also a Walkman and like a cassette player radio. And I'm not 100% sure, but I think those things are yo-yos. More importantly, to our right, we see another full color page introducing us to Fuchsia Village. And if we look right down here, this little squiggly victory thing, well, this I believe is Monkey D. Luffy. Will we get to see him on the next page? And no, no, we will not actually. Instead, this time we have a full page ad for the PS1, so I think we're really pushing that. But then here we see the iconic image of a young Monkey D. Luffy. Still in color actually, the cheaper color though. Something to note here is that the pages have actually changed texture. They've gone from the other glossy magazine field to a more rough paper. Easily recyclable paper actually, because these magazines are designed to be read and then pretty much just immediately thrown out. Which is why they can afford to sell weekly shown and jumped so cheaply because it's printed on this material that's quite cheap and not designed to be long lasting. And it's another reason why I'm absolutely terrified of ruining this issue because it's not made to be durable. Also fun thing here, Luffy is stabbing himself in the face, which in and of itself is not fun. Don't do that ever to yourself or anyone else. But this was originally censored in the anime. However, this is in fact the canon way by which Luffy got his scar. On the next page though, we have the introduction of shanks on the red hair pirate still in color as well. Just how much of this chapter was colored? I don't remember from the volumes, but a lot of work went into this. And I do love that the dominant aspects of these pages are framed and just flooded by shades of what may have once been red, but are now a kind of a yellowy orange. For what is the cheaper method of coloring? This stuff actually looks pretty great. And then we continue for a while, I suppose. Becoming acquainted with characters like Lucky Rue, Ben Beckman, and here's Markino, oh, and even Higuma the Bear. Eventually we do reach this point though. This is our first standard page, just pure black and white manga. And I don't know if you can tell on camera, but the printed paper has also changed to a more warm pinkish color. And the color of the paper changes a lot in the magazine. Usually they're tinted with like this light pink or green, never blue, never blue I think. And according to an editor of Weekly Shonen Jump, this is done purely to hide the bad quality of the paper or at least to attempt to, because they're not doing very well. But as we move through chapter one, we hit all of our standard story beats, including some of my favorite pages here, featuring Shanks staring down the Lord of the Coast and the revelation that gasp he has lost his arm. And I know I just said that quite flippantly, but every time I see this page, it still hits me. And of course, here it is, the all important moment when Shanks gave Luffy the straw hat. Then many moons later, Luffy sets off on his journey, smashes the Lord of the Coast in its face thing and declares that he will become the king of the pirates. And that's how chapter one ends with that powerful declaration.  However, I am really keen to see what else is in this jump, because like I said, there were about 20 series being published at any given time, still are I think, and I love to know what else is in here. And whoa, immediately we hit Raroni Kenshin and that is just so perfect because Etchira Oda actually worked as an assistant on Raroni Kenshin. So to have it come right after one piece is actually a pretty nice one, two Oda punch. Not surprising though, because the period between Dragon Ball ending and one piece and the other big three taking prominence, well, that was definitely Kenshin's time to shine. It did a lot of heavy lifting for weekly show and in jump during that era. After that, we have Jojo, Jojo part five actually with a color page as well featuring Juno and Mista. Pretty cool. And even some other cheaper color pages as well, which Araki's art looks so good in this style as well. But I have to be honest, I really don't recognize a lot of the other series in here, although I did find this, a chapter of Yu-Gi-Oh, which is notable because this is old school Yu-Gi-Oh when the series was based on games in general rather than just a single card game. But yeah, I don't personally recognize too many more. Coach Kame is in here obviously because that series was published for what like 40 years straight. It had an absolutely insane run. But another very important thing about this magazine, if you are so inclined to travel to some sort of eBay in order to purchase this fine item, I mean, firstly, just enter the contest because free. But if you do want a more guaranteed piece of one piece, then I would just say be wary of online sales. You can be duped quite easily if you don't know what you're looking for because this issue of jump was reprinted in 2015. I think as a way to celebrate the whole Guinness World Record thing and they are, well, the reprint, well, it looks like this, which is strikingly similar. And yeah, if you're not careful, you could end up paying hundreds and hundreds of dollars for this, which is worth significantly less. However, there is a very key way that you can immediately tell the reprint apart from the real thing other than general quality because the reprint is, it's quite nice and shiny and the original is quite broken and decaying. But it's also simply by looking at the back of the magazine. So the original has an advert, Kiran Beverage is on the back whilst the reprint was left blank. So if you are buying it in person or online, make sure that you see this delightful interracial family or you may end up being scammed. There's also differences within the magazine itself, but by the time you see them, well, it will be too late. But just to reiterate, I am giving away the real one, the one with the ad. And once again, all you need to do to enter a subscribe to the ground line review, very, very important first step and then leave a concise couple of sentences telling me what your first experience of One Piece was. But what do you guys think? Please leave your thoughts in the comments below or even join my Discord server. And if you'd like to see more videos like this and please do go and check out some of my other content or even subscribe to the channel for more glorious One Piece business uploaded straight into your YouTube feeds. But for now, this has been the ground line review and I'll see you next time.


morning. All right. Good morning. So, do you want to start it off? Let's set the stage in terms of where we are. I know that Mr. O'Toole's up. He's joined us now. Do you want me to go right into my remarks? I'm sure that would be perfectly fine if you'd like to do that. Okay, excellent. Thank you. So just to remind everyone, this is an adjudicatory hearing. And because it is an adjudicatory hearing, I should have checked with Dave. Are we all set, Dave? Yep. We have started. Okay. Sorry. Because it is an adjudicatory hearing, I do have formal remarks. And it will set the stage for today's hearing. So, good morning. Today is Friday, October 28, 2022. This is an adjudicatory hearing before the Massachusetts Gaming Commission relative to the application for a license to conduct a racing meeting for calendar year 2023, submitted by Plainville Gaming and redevelopment LLC, which I will refer to as PGR. My name is Kathy Judstine. I'm the chair of the commission. I'm joined today by my colleagues, Mr. Eileen O'Brien, Mr. Brad Hill, Commissioner Nakisha Skinner, and Commissioner Jordan Maynard. The entire commission will preside over the hearing and decision of this matter. This hearing will be conducted in accordance with 205-CMR-101.01. General Laws, Chapter 38, Sections 10-11, and 801-CMR-01-02 informal third hearing rules. This hearing is being conducted via remote collaboration technology. Before we begin, I'd like to explain the process that will govern the proceeding. First, a notice of hearing was provided to PGR in advance of today's hearing. It identifies 11 issues that will be the focus of the commission's attention at this hearing. Well, everything raised in the application is that issue. The commission has indicated that it will specifically be considering the following. Whether PGR has submitted an application that meets the requirements of General Laws, Chapter 128A. Two, whether PGR has provided adequate answers to the questions set out by the commission in the application. Three, the financial ability of PGR to operate a race track for GL, Chapter 128A, Section 3, Subsection I. The impact of the application on the maximization of state revenues for our General Laws, Chapter 128A, Section 3, Subsection I. Five, the suitability of racing facilities for operation at the time of the year, for which dates are assigned for our General Laws, Chapter 128A, Section 3, Little I. Next, the circumstance that large groups of spectators require safe and convenient facilities for General Laws, Chapter 128A, Section 3, Little I. Number seven, the interest of members of the public and racing competition honestly managed and of good quality for General Laws, Chapter 128A, Section 3, Subsection I. Eight, the necessity of having and maintaining proper physical facilities for racing meetings for General Laws, Chapter 128A, Section 3, Subsection I. Number nine, the economic interest and investments of those who, in good faith, provided and maintained such facilities for General Laws, Chapter 128A, Section 3, Subsection I. Number 10, whether the applicant is financially responsible, able to meet obligations to the common law, has suitable and safe facilities for the service of patrons and is likely to conduct racing in accordance with approved practices and in a manner consistent with the public safety, health, morals and welfare, including the suitability of the applicant and its leadership to hold or conduct a racing meeting. And finally, number 11, the reputation for honest dealing in gaming history of the applicant's ownership and leadership. With the conclusion of my opening comments, this proceeding will commence with the presentation of the evidence in this matter. Specifically, PGR will be called upon to present its application and call additional witnesses, if any. Many commissioner may question any witness who is testifying at any point during or after their presentation. The commission may then request testimony from any individual listed on the notice of hearing or witness list, including but not limited to Dr. Alexandra Lightbound, MGC Director of Racing. PGR may also ask questions of any witness who testifies. PGR may raise any objection it desires at any time. However, the basis for all objections must be clearly stated. Finally, at the conclusion of all the evidence, PGR will be provided an opportunity to make a closing statement to summarize its view of the evidence. Before we begin, I understand there are pre marked exhibits that have been prepared in advance this hearing. Those exhibits are identified on the exhibit list that has been circulated. They are as follows. Exhibit one. Plainville Gaming and Redevelopment LLC's application for license to hold or conduct a racing meeting at Plain Ridge Basecourse calendar year 2023, dated September 30, 2022. Exhibit two. Notice of October 28, 2022, hearing gray application dated October 20, 2022. Exhibit three. Notice of October 17, 2022 public hearing, gray application dated October 13, 2022. Exhibit four. Recording of October 17, 2022 public hearing gray application. Exhibit five. Written testimony submitted to the commission, gray application. Exhibit six. Ex, excerpt from 1962 Commonwealth of Massachusetts election statistics public document number 43. In exhibit seven additional exhibits to application. Are there any objections to exhibits one through seven being marked into evidence? Noting none. Thank you. Those exhibits shall be admitted into evidence in order to maintain a clean record. I ask that documents are referred to by exhibit number. If PGR would like to have any additional documents entered into evidence during the course of the hearing. I would ask that they be properly introduced and marked. I will add that no final decision will be made at the conclusion of the public portion of the hearing. Instead, after the proceeding, the commission will privately deliberate and ultimately issue a written decision. If at any point during the commission's deliberations, it determines that additional testimonial or documentary evidence is desirable. It reserves the right to ask PGR to provide such evidence prior to a final decision being made. We will now swear all the witnesses in. Anyone who will be testifying at this proceeding, please raise your right hand. Do you some swear that the testimony you will provide before the commission at this proceeding will be the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth? I do. Thank you. I'll have responded in the affirmative. And before we begin does PGR have any preliminary issues or objections? Have none. Thank you. But that I ask PGR to identify its first witness and present its application. Thank you, Madam Chair. I think I'll be the first witness and the only witness testifying on behalf of Plainville Gaming and Redevelopment. I'm Steve O'Toole, the Director of Racing for the Racing at Plainridge. First, I'd like to thank the commissioners for coming out to Plainville for the public comment hearing that we had. And I'd especially like to thank those who testified on behalf of our application, especially the Vice Chairman of the Plainville Board of Selectment, Jeff Johnson, the Plainville Police Chief, Jim Floyd, and the Plainville Fire Chief, Rich Ball. So today I present the application for 2023 Racing. It's a completed application with 125,000 bond continuation certificate, the $2,100 fee for the application and 16 exhibits that will give evidence to the fact that this application meets the criteria that I was going to recite. But since you've recited them very eloquently, Madam Chair, I will not read that again into the into the record. Plainville Gaming and Redevelopment, the parent and the parent company Plainville actually it's now Penn Entertainment, but Penn National Gaming continues to be a leader in the gaming and racing industry and it reflects the financial ability to operate Plainridge. They've compiled 11 racing facilities and 10 other jurisdictions, three off track wagering facilities in two different states. And Penn also has a national ADW called Hollywood Races that they operate. This provides my operation at Plainville at Plainridge, a great resource from the corporate racing team, a very well respected senior vice president of racing, Chris McElaine is always there to help our racing product. And also I can draw on other properties that have racing experience or any help that's needed throughout the course of our meet if circumstances should arise. So I'd like to highlight some of the points in exhibit 25, why this application is beneficial to the public, the Commonwealth and the applicant. Penn National Gaming is a substantial regional gaming operator with an outstanding financial capability and operational resources. Penn National Gaming takes pride in creating and inviting racing atmosphere and investing deeply in both the racing side, the customer side, the horse racing side of our operation, the physical facilities for our race meetings, our state of the art, well maintained and provide a very convenient and safe environment for our horsemen and for our customers. We also continue to offer our judges, our racing officials all the latest technologies to perform their duties and to honestly manage our racing. I know that from time to time, commissioners have visited our property and our operation and have seen the tools that we provide the judges to judge the the races properly our racing offices which are adequately set up for the drawing of races, putting the race cards together from the race secretary to the clerk of course to the judges and their timing and our charting capabilities. While racing at Plain Ridge has been moving in a positive direction over the past several years, we addressed head on a few years ago, concern with participation and field size. That effort has has been rewarding in that the number of races per day in the field size has consistently grown over the past few seasons and stabilized with purses of over $13 million this year. The economic generator that racing at Plain Ridge creates is maximizing state revenues. This year, we propose 108 days over 34 weeks schedule. So this is a little different than what we have proposed in the past very, very minor change, but our horses typically race on a week to week basis. So weeks are actually more important than days. We do have a contract with the Horseman's Association that says 110 race days over 33 weeks, but we have both agreed that an extra week in lieu of a couple of days makes it more beneficial for the horsemen. So this year, we have put in for 108 days over 34 weeks, which gives the participants an extra week to compete instead of wasting some days when it's very difficult to fill to going an extra four day week instead of three gives them an opportunity to race one more time throughout the season. I do want to come back to the actual nuts and bolts of the 23 schedule and expand on the current climate in New England. In Massachusetts, I have to be I'm the first one in New England to put in for dates. And recently, a couple of years ago, when Cumberland in Maine decided to pick up the slack for closing Scarborough Downs, we have worked collaboratively with Cumberland and our assistive track, Bangor. And so when we when I'm preparing my schedule, I take into consideration the thoughts and concerns of both Bangor and Cumberland, and we work out a very unique circuit amongst the three tracks so that there's very little overlap. There's some overlap that we can't help because Maine does have some fares that race and they race at odd times and they would disrupt disrupt a systematic schedule. But given that those little blips in the schedule, there's there's very little overlap. So there's all kinds of opportunity and there's opportunity for the horsemen and there's opportunity for us as a racing management to fulfill to fill the cards adequately and provide really great racing. So the last few years has really been a good benefit for the New England horsemen. There's nothing we can do about New York, New Jersey, Ohio, Pennsylvania, but at least in New England, we do have a pretty, a pretty well thought out schedule and of races and a nice circuit for everyone to follow. So our schedule goes from mid April to the end of November, which exhibits six shows in the in the application. And that is very consistent with the past seasons and is very suited suitable for the time of year that we've applied for. We believe wholeheartedly that there's sufficient evidence provided that granting the dates benefits our horsemen and the public and in return, provide the fair treatment and economic interest of playingville gaming and redevelopment at Plain Ridge. I thank you very much for the opportunity to present today. I hope I covered most of the basis. If you have any questions, I'm more than happy to answer them on the application on my testimony or just in racing in general. Questions for directoral tool. I guess I have one question directoral tool. In terms of maintaining the they track, I think I remember correctly in the past, you've used a independent entity to ensure the integrity of the track. Am I right? And if you could just update us on on that, I know that director like that is also available to us correct. And we will turn to her. But if you could just go over the the maintenance of the track for the safety of horses. Sure. So our track is in great shape. And it has been consistently throughout the years. It's a very consistent track. It's a very forgiving track. And when I say that, what I mean by that is it's five eights, which is there are many tracks across the country, the two tracks in Maine that I just referred to are half mile tracks, they have tighter turns that you have to go around the track twice to complete a one mile race. Ours is one and a half our turns are very forgiving. So it's easier on the horses. A mile track is even more exuberant and more forgiving. But the plane where you've been there, a mile track would be in the neighborhood and out on 495. So the five inch mile track is very suited for for racing. And we do have it does sit idle over the winter months. And you know, it's it's that's why we don't race in the in the in the winter months, because the turn near the neighborhood is shaded all winter long. So it freezes very hard and very early. And then the the turn by 495 takes a lot of sun. So it's a very uneven track in the winter time. So racing anywhere outside of the window that I've submitted for April through November is very difficult, if not impossible. We have had winter training there in the past. And it's been very difficult to maintain that track in a safe manner. What we do in March when the weather breaks, we begin to get it ready. And we call in and usually honor about the first qualifying day, while we have a consultant visit us, take a look at the track just remain just to give an opinion to in the past few years to to substantiate the condition of the licenses in those years, which was condition of the license to have an independent evaluation. And we've found each year that the track is suitable to start racing and to get the meat underway. And you plan to do that for 2023? Yes. Any, any other questions for Director O'Toole? Madam Chair, I just have really what's a housekeeping matter that I'd like Director O'Toole to address. Good morning, Steve. Good morning. I noted that in the application, there are a couple of areas where the applicant has responded. No change to a previously submitted exhibit. Could you provide those to us? I have not been able to get my hands on the previous exhibit. So for example, can I ask is that my in 2021, 23, today or early? I'm having the same thing. Commissioner Skinner, there's some internet interruption. I was wondering if it was me, but I just wanted to halt for a second to just see if it can stabilize. And then your question, you would want to reiterate your question. Let's see if it's stabilized for you. I think it's better. Okay, try again. Yep. Excellent. Okay. Steve, I was good morning. First of all, hopefully you heard that at least before I cut out. Could you could you at some point either later today or first thing on Monday morning provide the exhibits that are missing from the application? And it's not so much that they're missing. The answer refers to an earlier submission, which I don't think we have at least I don't have and I haven't been able to get my hands on it. So just asking you to provide those missing components of the application, if you would, maybe, maybe we should turn to Todd and Caitlin. How how would we address that, please? Thank you very much. So we actually we asked director tool for those materials and they are exhibit seven sorry, they're probably not well titled, but exhibit seven includes those additional exhibits that are referenced as previously submitted. Okay, within what you circulated within the exhibits one through seven for today. Okay, thank you. But if there's anything else, we can of course ask for additional evidence. Other questions. Now I need some guidance to before we think director tool. We have another witness available our Dr. Alex lightbound. Caitlin and Todd, may the commission call her forward after after this. Yes, the commission may call Dr. lightbound forward and after the commission finishes questioning, Dr. lightbound Mr. tool may have the opportunity to question her as well. Okay, thank you. I just wanted everybody to understand that. So are there any further questions with respect to director tool, you've had the application, we've had the public hearing that right a bit of information in front of us and all the exhibits. I think then that we are all set on director tool and we thank you for your statements and testimony today. Thank you. Thank you. So now we turn to the next witness, Dr. lightbound. Good morning. Good morning. Dr. like on you and are available to answer any questions about the application that we might have or to give your your thoughts on the application. We are looking forward to your statement. Yeah, thank you. Oh, yeah, the application does meet the 108 days will meet their requirement for 100 days of live racing in order to simulcast 128 C. In the past, the commission has made it part of the granting of the license that they do have an independent expert come in to review the track. And this is in no way saying that there's anything wrong with the track. It's always been a very safe track. It's just an added safety measure and the track has always been very gracious to go ahead and have this done. We've had a great meet so far this year and they are on schedule once again to meet that 100 days requirement for simulcasting. And it is an interesting thing to try the extra week to give horses a chance for an extra week of racing. And other than that, everything is good. There's any questions? Questions for Dr. like that. Dr. like that in terms of the facilities, you're finding complete cooperation, collaboration in terms of maintenance of the facilities for the horse people, the animal athletes and your staff. Yes. And it's it's been very, you know, as usual as a challenging year. Steve and I both have, you know, staffs that don't we don't have a lot of extra people, which is good as far as budgets go. But there are times when COVID raises its head and things like that. And there have been times when our staff has been a little shorter, his staff has been a little short, and we've been able to accommodate that for each other and work cooperatively to get everything done. Excellent. Any further questions? Okay. So with that, if there are no, there's no further testimony, then I think that I can go into the closing statements, correct? Okay, just as long as Mr. O'Toole wants to stay on the record, my apologies. Yes.  The only thing I would like to say is just to back up what Alex just said about her staff and my staff working very closely together. During the racing season, and very seamless, they do a great job, both staffs. I think it's a good reflection on Dr. lightbound. I'd like to think it's a good reflection on me. But it's, it's, we have an excellent staff. And it's very difficult. Putting together racing staff because of the, I'm not going to call, it's kind of like an island that we're on, you know, there's no pool, there's no racing 101, where you can just call down to, you know, Bridgewater College and ask for an intern to come up and fill in, you know, it's a very racing officials are not on, not on the sidewalk looking for jobs these days. So it's a it's a compliment to Alex and her staff that she trains her people very well. And we have a very good relationship to get things done. And as Alex explained, we got hit pretty hard with some illness issues and people were out and and pulled it off seamlessly in a very difficult time, a very busy time of the year for both of us. So that's just the only thing that I would like to add in. It's a it's a it's a very great working relationship that we have with Plain Ridge, but the commission and the commission staff. Thank you. Thank you. So unless there are any further matters that PGR or any fellow commissioners would like to address, we will now conclude this portion of the proceeding. Does anyone have anything further? Mr. Maynard, are you leaning in? I am leaning in to keep my computer from turning off. Okay, good, good. Because we're not quite done. I've got a few more lines to read. So thank you. So we mentioned the commission will deliberate about this matter in private and issue a written decision. So the proceeding at this point remains open. If at any point during the deliberations, the commission determines that further testimonial or documentary evidence is desirable, it may send notice of such to the applicant and provide instructions on how to proceed. So everyone with that, we are adjourned. Thank you very much. Thank you, Madam Chair. Thank you, Steve. Thank you. Thank you, Steve.


But Lewis says I'm not absolutely certain this wasn't added by some third-party software I may be running, but I've noticed the addition of new shutdown and restart menu options on my 16-inch M1 Macs running macOS 12.2.1. In addition to the traditional shutdown ellipsis and restart ellipsis menus, I Now have alternate versions without the ellipses ellipses These predictably Allow me to shut down a reboot without the are you sure dialogue? I love it interestingly. This change is not present on my 2017-27 inch iMac also running 12.2.1 any idea when this appeared and why it only seems to work on my MacBook Pro So if you go to system preferences keyboard shortcuts That's where you can modify One place that you can modify what you see in the in the in the menu interesting Right and so by putting this in the menu putting this in keyboard shortcuts And in like the screenshot that you shared John You've got restart map to f10 and shutdown map to f12 and by mapping those it opens up the alternate menu items For whatever reason this is just must just be a side effect right of doing this on macOS and His screenshot was similar. He had function keys mapped to the the the ones with ellipses So so these are not these menu items are not Nessus they're not what's the right word They are always available to you as Brian Monroe in the chat room points out you can hold down the option key When you're over the Apple menu and you can watch those ellipses go away for restart shutdown and for logout So you can get this doing that for sure But it just so they're they're there, but they're not there And it must just be that because you've assigned this this function key to the ones with ellipses macOS then exposes The non ellipses alternates and as as you are always quick to point out John The ellipses means you will get there is more to this before it takes action without the ellipses It takes the action immediately. So Yeah Good stuff. I like this. All right. See we're learning stuff here. That's just good


This study found that patients with severe pulmonary hypertension, pH, regardless of the underlying cause, have lower small pulmonary vessel volume compared to those with mild to moderate pH. Additionally, these patients also have a higher risk of death. This suggests that the presence of pH may be indicative of more advanced disease and could potentially serve as a marker for remodeling of the distal pulmonary vasculature. Further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. This article was authored by Daya Al-Kamfa, Yasef Shahin, Faisal Al-Andarjani, and others.


The adventures of Sam spade detective Yeah In the wine no in the broth, I mean the brass You didn't go home at all When you promised me you were going straight home to that much needed rest All the time you knew you were going to some Florida barn Get into a bra I even bought these things from the sleep shop next order the knobby net to Detective lieutenant Dundee homicide detail San Francisco police medical authorities agree that lost sleep can never be made up from Samuel spade license number Fatigue is cumulative subject the insomnia caper dear Dundee honest lieutenant This is how I got into that mess last night I've been feeling a little rocky for two or three days. There was nothing much wrong with me But it's my secretary the ineffable miss kareen said Sam what you need is a good night Which lieutenant is how I happen to be at home in bed at 10 30 in the p.m. Wearing a sleep shade earplugs and quiet pajamas At 1045 my right arm went to sleep. I turned over that's when one of the earplugs fell out I tore off the sleep shade dug the plug out of my other ear stuck my head under the pillow We're just beginning to drowze off, but they sat up and lit a cigarette The city plunged again into the silences of the night. The fog was creeping in on little cat feet No, I was peace and quiet again in post street Nothing with the sound of fog horns way out in the bay and the rhythmic drop of the cable car mechanism under the California Street This time I almost made it and then The room was on a level with mine in the building just across the alley I've had occasion to screw tonight said room and it's occupant on happier occasion He was young red haired and also had a nice profile Which I had observed in silhouette against the window blind when she did her nightly setting up Exercise I now observe that she had a boyfriend and he seemed to be angry not wishing to pry into her affairs I closed my window Through the blind went back to bed It was stuffy with the window down to quiet it. I actually fell asleep I dreamed I was home in bed and somebody was knocking on my door. How true Who is it heavy?  I mean I come in for a minute. You're in Thank you. I know this seems peculiar a perfect stranger. I saw you in the window that makes us even Department across the alley. Yeah, I know and you saw him you saw him strike. No You must have heard heard a lot of stuff break my ship models. He threw them all over the room broke them to bits They weren't especially valuable and besides they were present from him now I get it now you came here to tell me all about your collection of ship models I think that that's real neighborly of you miss do bar during the bar Yeah, well, it was nice meeting you drop in again sometime and I'll show you my collection of pop flies Don't send me away I'm deathly afraid of him his name is Dan McCrae the merchant seamen his boat just got in today. Yeah, but why me I've seen in the window so many times. I somehow felt I knew you Bullets I suppose. I don't even know your name. Look sweetheart. If you think you're gonna rope me in as a witness to that lovers Oh, please. No, it's more than that. Believe me. I Can't tell you everything, but why tell me anything Okay, I'm sorry Pardon me for living. I know it's wrong of me I don't want to be hard-hearted about it, but if you're really afraid of the guy you ought to go to the cop Dan badger no doubt from the game Look charm before you say anything, let me put you straight you picked the wrong sucker Oh, so you're the guy huh? You already said you was good-looking in a deep sort of way Well, I think I'll fix that part of it right now. Hey, wait a minute. Oh, so you're gonna make it easy for me Hey, okay What have you done to me? All right? Is he coming around where'd she go? Hey, uh, hey, uh, Dan wake up.  Okay shepherd. This is your round.  Here's my card, huh? Detective What was she doing here? Her story was that she was running away from you now baited. Well, you can't be too fast for me I'm sorry spade I've been at sea too long. I guess the old lady over there told me Doreen was seeing this guy every night Channel fever or something. I blew my top. Yeah No hard fever spade. Oh forget it. Well, when you do catch up with that guy shepherd watch your left your telegraph it Call back tomorrow better yet. Don't call I have one for me. Listen. I'm okay now. I sobered up like a shot Makes sense. What do you when I got back to the ship? He was there in my cabin. What shepherd?  I don't think so. Look, I haven't got much money, but let's start earning some this is gonna cost you Got here quick. I'm a real fast sleepwalker Yeah, yeah, come on. I'll take your board Give me the rundown Shepherd took your girl where you're away at sea you slapped her around a little broker toy boats and generally But a bad boy will skip that little exhibition match in my apartment. Then what come on up this ladder About those ship models One was missing She acted funny about it and guess where it was in Shepherd's hotel room The Boston Hotel up on Broadway crumb dump. I shook the address out of that old lady Never mind that now so you went there went up to his room worked him over, but he was alive when I left there That's clear Then I had drinks in a lot of different places. I think I was in some other fight Yeah, you'll look it. I don't know who with just faces a lot of blurs I don't even know where all I went Then I don't remember anything till I'm in an all-night beenery down here on the imbacadero and a cab driver's holding Me up on the stool pouring coffee to me Then I came aboard. Yeah, come on. Come on in my cabin. I'll show you There are a few bruises and ring marks in the face, but they've been cleaned up and smeared with nephialy. I Know you're not supposed to touch anything until homicide gets their lieutenant But this one had obviously already been tampered with so I didn't think you'd mind if I rolled him over just enough to Take at the back of his head There was a tiny cut on his scalp near the base of the skull not more than a quarter of an inch long It hardly bled. I pushed the pockets and his wallet $38 identification card Frank R. Shepherd Boston Hotel San Francisco And a snapshot of Doreen sailing a model Chinese junk in a pond someplace in his cigar case Cigars around his middle a tooled leather belt with hammered silver buckle It was a popular type Hickok belt, but something about the buckle didn't quite figure the prong of the silver buckle wasn't silver It was tempered steel and instead of being pointed the end was flattened out and ground to a sharp cutting edge There were two notches on either side of it. It didn't look like they've been put there for decoration I took the belt off rolled it up and put it in my coat pocket. Well, what do you make of it? You touch it No, why a man falls forward not back the cops will say he was killed someplace else and brought here then I'm in the clear Yeah, unless they form a theory that you brought the body down here to dispose of it Then why didn't I maybe you lost your nerve? Maybe you sewed it up? What killed him I don't know Maybe internal injuries maybe a head injury or both from that beating you gave maybe just dropped dead heart attack That's for the police medical examiner to find out you mean you're gonna call the police I have to but I called you to I thought you could clean me but wait a minute.  You don't know where you were or what you were doing. What are you gonna do? Call the police now wait? Yeah, I suppose you have to I do you first. Yeah, let's say you're taking it pretty well. I Had a small dream Abstractions, you know cubes and circles Nothing worth describing but after I'd given homicide the rumble and crawled home to my own crumble. I did bet it I Dreamed I was wild Bill Hickok the belt tycoon I was working on a promotion scheme for a new combination belt buckle toothpick and murder weapon Sam spade sleepyhead The United States Armed Forces radio service is presenting the weekly adventure of Dashel Hammett's famous private detective Sam spade It's Harry speaking Lieutenant you got me. What time is it any sign of dangerous Dan McCrae that rat my client Go over and take a look at it.  All right That's my window just opposite you can see the bed that I just got out of to come over here in response to your untimely call Uh, I'm in here miss doobar. I'm very anxious to meet that man's acquaintance He was about 65 years old with a pleasant motherly face gold rim by focal hearing aid and snow white hair Over a shoulder. I could see into the kitchen Sitting at a table facing away from me was an old man in front of him on the bench were three ship models in various stages of Disrepair broken masts rudders and with a mallet and a tiny chisel. He was shaping a piece of wood I guess that it was a broken spy from one of the holes Well, Sam still say this is the same apartment. Yeah Same apartment different people My brother and I have lived in the same apartment for nearly 20 years He's lying Dundee. Have you checked the janitor the building manager anybody She's been living here since he took the job in 41. We're trying to locate the building manager now According to your story, Sam the girls in McCray had a big row in here busted up a lot of furniture stuff I don't see any sign of it. They could have cleaned it up Okay, I dreamed the whole thing but those ship models I didn't dream them McCray mentioned them the girl mentioned them busted ship models There they are on the table in the kitchen To be the trouble now Dory just toys this young man so excited about my model I declare then I can't make head a tail of it something about a girl with the same name as mine and the young man I'll forget his name who thinks it killed somebody named shepherd. I believe it was your thought was it about the ship models young man Dory could it be the girl who brought these over to me to repair? What was her name? Just on the tip of my tongue Who did she say sent her? Wasn't that shepherd there with all due respect to your age nuts. I'm getting out of here Dondie Well, I can still remember my own name.  I didn't know where else to go. You can go to jail Their beds don't have any springs, but it's a free fly. Listen. I had to make that break It would have been a murder rap for sure. You mean your memory came back. I had a funny feeling I'd seen that guy shepherd somewhere before and just before I slugged you while we were standing there in the companion Where you came back to me? That guy shepherd he came aboard ship yesterday when we docked He flashed a badge on the gangway watch and asked to see the ship's carpenter the one that made those ship models for you Yeah, yeah, but don't you see manslaughter is one thing cop killing is another this ship's carboner What's he look like? Oh thin round 65 lame talks like a sweet The more Maxi Sam spade that there's stiff tagged shepherd What killed him Maxi puncture wound face of the skull small sharp Anything knowing his ID well shepherd seems to be a phony handle Sergeant full house was dropped at the boys at this hotel thought he was a detective Hmm The time I got to him it didn't matter That's an interesting theory Maxi. I'll see what I can do with it I Tucked Danny boy back into my bed locked him in and gum shoot around the block to the Balboa apartment Just to be mean I woke up the janitor and checked his statement on the old couple and Doreen's apartment He worked three buildings were sure of the old woman that backed down a little on the man Which is what I expected we're sure of the floor, but not of the apartment number didn't know any tenants by name Which goes to show lieutenant what police statements are sometimes worse. I Thank him stole his past key and went upstairs. I Didn't expect to find anybody home in Doreen's apartment. I was half right Sven the old carboner was sitting in a chair staring straight ahead of him He looked as though he were in a daze. I walked over to him even close up He didn't look dead, but he was body still warm no visible wounds But he was wearing a tool leather belt with a hammered silver buckle The prong of the buckle was tempered steel and had the same peculiar shape as the one in my pocket The one I had taken off the shepherd's body The ship models were gone what was left of them I found in the fireplace and in the charred remnants of what had once been the hull of the toy Chinese junk I found something that hadn't burned It was a small metal cylinder with two pins projecting from it on either side about the middle of it It looked like a miniature lock mechanism, which it was exactly the key. You guessed it was the prong of that belt buckle Cylinder was empty except for a few white grains that looked like sugar. I tasted them It was not sugar, but in the dope traffic. They sometimes call it that About then I heard footsteps outside in the hall I ducked into the closet leaving the door cracked enough to see out Stand over there Doreen. Don't try anything. I won't shoot you unless I'm forced to. No, you didn't shoot Frank Shepard did you?  We've just time to catch the boat Then answer me. I Don't think he can answer you Mrs. Brown. Oh, what are you talking about? Yes, I'm a desperate character hand it over Now look you don't have your glasses on and this 45 is too heavy for an elderly tried criminal now sit down and keep quiet Oh, I thought you'd forgotten all about me. I've been trying to all night. Where were you? They locked me in a closet in her apartment next door. They were gonna take me with them get rid of me on the boat After what they did to Frank they had to get out fast. Shepard. Who was Shepard anyway? Can't tell you that it was a federal narcotics agent wasn't it? How did you know you just told me not tell me the rest of it well honestly? I didn't know anything about it till about a month ago I Was dusting the ship models and knocked one off the shelf it broke and something spilled out of it Mrs. Ronrig was here when it happened she rushed for it and ran out of the room with it She said she'd take it and get it repaired for me and then this girlfriend of mine came by while I was sweeping their white powder up She's a nurse she tasted it told me it was dope Well, I didn't want to do anything till I talked to Danny, but she reported it And that's when Frank Shepard came to see me from the narcotics squad. He told you to play along with them They arrested the man. This is brown rigged was telling it to and Shepard told her he was taking the man's place So he could fine get evidence She believed him because of the belt this the belt Yes, that that thing on the belt It's really a little key that fit in a little yeah Yeah, that that's in a little lock that releases the little mechanism that makes the false bottom fall out of a little boat When did she find out that Shepard was a narcotics agent? I didn't I Saw them together so much that I began to think they might double cross Then I thought about that sailor Dan that rough-knit boyfriend of hers So I went to Dan and told him I thought his girl had taken up with Shepard while he was away at sea And I had to let Dan think the worst because I was born to secrecy But Dan so violent and jealous.   Earwig brown wig I think wasn't it brown rig? One of her aliases no doubt and reply to your previous question. Yes, who killed mr.  I want to have a serious talk with you Here stop twisting your hand Every sometimes I think you've been a detective secretary too long warps the outlook That's what I mean you jumped the conclusion as in the instance of the death of friend I only asked who killed him Sam exactly did it ever occur to you that some people especially old feeble people just died Quietly sitting in a chair sometime sometimes in bed in their sleep Never happened to you Check But it did happen to spend perhaps the excitement of his criminal activities fear of discovery has impending flight with too much For his heart on the other hand it might have just been old age The point is that he it does happen never in detective stories only in real life Well, I guess that's all good night Nevertheless, I'm going home to bed Oh This is the United States Armed Forces radio service the voice of information and education


The study explores the use of nanofibrillated cellulose-based composite films obtained from cotton linters oxidized with Tempo, NAB-R to NAC-LO system, filled with CAC-03 and or ALOH3, and plasticized with glycols to improve the mechanical, optical, and sorption properties of paper. The results show that the paper coating with these films enhances the mechanical properties while decreasing sorption properties without significant changes in optical properties compared to the initial papers. But, this article was authored by Giovanna Milanovic, Tijana Lasik, Karina Sivkovic, and others.


Right then, let's just wait for a few people to arrive, if they are actually going to arrive, who knows? Ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba-ba.   Now, I looked at the user reviews, and the user reviews seemed pretty good, until you actually read the user reviews and you realize that they are all not entirely sincere, shall we say, not entirely sincere. So, yeah, Bad Rats is the game that we are hopefully playing. I just need to get a few things set up, so that I can actually see if there's anyone chatting to me, and then I can respond as necessary. But as there's nobody watching right now, obviously that's kind of pointless, so let's see if I can just muster some viewers here. Let's invite her, and let's invite him, and let's invite them. There we go. A few people who might be interested. Now, Max the crazy right-wing viking doesn't appear to be online at the moment, which kind of sucks, because if I recall correctly, quite enjoyed watching at least one of my streams. But anyway, I'll just send out the link to a couple more people, then we can get started. In the meantime, I guess you could have a look at some of the reviews of Bad Rats online. Okay, so we're almost ready to go, just hang in there guys. Hang in there, get a couple more of these URLs sent out. Obviously, having so many subscribers, and so many people who are obviously really interested in what I've got to say, and streaming literally the best games you've ever heard of, it's kind of difficult to actually muster any sort of real support here, but you know, all I can do is what I can do. So I've got my tablet here, which has got the chat down here. I was expecting RCT4. What is RCT4? I don't know what RCT4 is. Okay, now obviously this is only the second livestream I've done. Hopefully the sound will be sorted in this one, I know we had a bit of an issue with the sound last time. So feel free to pop something in the chat if you're getting ear cancer, or whatever it was that was going on last time. Also, if you have any suggestions for other games that I could livestream, then by all means make those suggestions, or gift them to me on Steam if you're on my Steam friends list. Now, as always, I'm going into this totally blind. I opened the game once just to see if it would actually load and to set up some initial settings. Now, when I exited the game that first time, I had to actually reboot my computer because it was making this awful sound effect. You know, obviously it hadn't closed the sound channel before exiting the program. And in answer to the question, why not Twitch? Because, well, I haven't really got a reason, but general consensus is that Twitch favours popular people over no-name people like me, and also favours popular games over shit games like this. And as I already had 300 subscribers, it seemed to make, I don't know, kind of more sense to do it this way. So anyway, without further ado, I mean, I know there's only, well, at the moment, there appears to be one person watching the stream, which is obviously a horrendous turnout. I'm not sure if my timing is off here. Maybe I should have waited till 8 o'clock, but I think it was about the same time that I did it last time. Cool. So, yes. Bear with me one sec. I tell you what, I will just forward the link to some people on WhatsApp. Let's copy that text. Go to WhatsApp. What is indeed app? Let's paste that in there. And let's just forward that onto million and one people. I think that will probably do. Okay, so still apparently have one person watching, so without further ado, let's get on with this and load up Bad Rats. Here we go, Bad Rats. It doesn't have a bad rating on Steam, but I'm told it is a bad game. So, let's load it up and hopefully we shall see if this actually works. So, let's hit play. Okay, at the moment it's not full screen, which means you're probably not actually getting it in. It's just full screen that. When I full screened it, it skipped past the intro. Ah, now what I really like about this is the fact that it hasn't actually remembered any of the settings that I changed. I'm just going to double check that these sound levels are actually all right. Okay, I think something's messed up on my streaming software, so bear with me a sec while I put that right.  Okay. Right, and let's just stretch that out. There we go, teething troubles, but what are you going to do? Okay. Right, okay, here we go. Let's go to the options and let's set the resolution to obviously 1240 by who knows. Not 1280, because that would be a standard resolution, wouldn't it? And obviously we can't use standard resolutions here and we will use a shadow stencil there as well. Look at this, this is the height of quality graphics. Click okay there. Yeah, as I say, just post a comment down in the comments box if the sound levels are not great. So I've got credits, I've got, the hell does that say? Help.  Right, okay, here we go. Play, let's play. Let's start a brand new game. Let's do that. Okay, let's do the tutorial first. Music's pretty jolly. Graphics look like they're straight out of 1995, which is kind of cool. Welcome. Oh, excellent. The voiceover is read out by some bizarre speech synthesis program. It's almost like I'm playing a game made by Anonymous or something, you know? Yeah, it's too big now. Okay, right, bear with me a second.  So boom, there, that should look a bit better. Let's go back down there. Can't hear the game at all. Okay, that's cool. It's not really a bad thing to be honest. Let's just turn the audio volume up a little bit. How's that? So there's some jolly music playing in the background. Press the play button and let's see what happens when it starts. Okay, let's press the play button. Good, the ball falls down. I wasn't listening to any of that tutorial, so I was sorting out the... Can't move the... What? Okay, yeah, why not? Let's use some objects to help us. Oh my God. A batter? Oh, I see batter, yeah. Exactly the same, okay. Okay. I've just adjusted the volume again. Oh Jesus Christ, what have I done now? Yeah, okay, let's make it. Okay.  Hang on, I'll just adjust the volume a little bit more. Okay, I've just raised the volume a little bit better. Is that better? Let me know if that's better. Okay, right, so play that.  Okay, yeah, stop that. I've moved the barrel to the plan position, so stop that. What am I supposed to do there? Why... I've done everything you asked. Bad position. Your face is a bad position, there we go. Right, so... How do I have to put him somewhere as well? Ah, right, I got it now. Right, okay, so let's actually play this thing now. Bosh, what the hell? That's harsh, man, why would you do that? Okay. Wow, I've got a password to get to the second level of the tutorial. Objectives, hit the bomb with the ball, explode the car, only the ball can activate the bomb. You'll use the balloon to place the rat in a good position to hit the ball. Tractor can help to drop the ball softly, okay, right. What? What's with the porn music as well, man? Put the trampoline down there. I don't know why that rat's not holding onto the... I was expecting the rat to hold onto the balloon. Now what? Okay, how do I turn the tractor around then? Yep. Can I turn the tractor around?  What? Maybe, I don't know. Let's go. No! Just turn around! How do I get the thing to turn around? Is there a key I can press? Oh, God! Why is this thing always facing that way? What's that do? What's this button do? Would you like to reset the scene? No. What's this? Options. Apparently there is no way to get this guy to turn around. There's got to be a way to get him to turn around. Okay. Right, if anyone's got any suggestions on how to do this, then by all means put them in the chat. I feel totally stupid, because this is only level 2 of the tutorial. I just want to make this guy turn around. How do I do that? No, it's just that's it. Right, okay, so... What if I can't put that there? Well, that's never going to work, was it? Click Help. Where's Help? Show me the Help. Let's just click on the... That's the...  Let's escape. Help. Tractor can help to drop the ball softly.  I think you've died. Right, let's put that there. There we go. Right, okay, good. That wasn't immediately obvious. Let's play this. Wow, that was anticlimactic, wasn't it? Yay, level 2 finished. Right, okay, let's go to... What I love is the way that the chat... The stream chat is like, you know, a good 10 seconds behind the action here, so let's go next.  My stats say that it's healthy, but I don't know. Maybe I should drop the resolution down a little bit if you bear with me a sec. You can listen to this cool music while I do that. Settings. Yeah, you might have to, I guess, drop the quality down. I'm streaming like, you know, 1080p. Cool. Obviously, this is going really, really well then. I'll tell you what I'm going to do. I am just going to stop the feed, make a couple of adjustments, and then I'll start the stream again. Okay, so just bear with me 10 seconds, guys. Okay, so I think we're back on. I think the problem, I think I found the problem. When I set my output resolution, instead of putting 1,920 by 1080, I put 12,920, so I think it was gone mad or something. Let me know if this is all right. And let me go back to the game. Toby, don't make jokes like that. I've told you about that before. You're not a father yet. Right, okay. If we're all good and it's all rocking and rolling, let's get back on with this. Okay, so I didn't actually read any of that. Let's go back to the help. Let's see what it said. Turn the microwave on. Burn the cat. Only the ball can activate the microwave. Uncle's cool, I guess. Turn the microwave on. Burn the cat. Only the ball can activate the microwave. This music is making me want to kill. It's making me want to rise up and kill more than my year eight class. So only the ball can activate. The board can make the path lacking. This is a ball about pushing the ball side long. Who wrote this? Right, here we go. What do I actually have? So I need to... I've got a rocket rat. Is that politically correct? It seems a little bit off to me. Okay, let's get the wooden board. I can go up there. Boink. There we go. So presumably I'm going to have to... Lung rat. What does that do? Let's turn him around. Flip him. I guess blowing yourself up near the ball is going to do... Maybe? I don't know. Let's try it. See? I'm going to actually do anything.  So it's obviously not supposed to use him for whatever reason. I don't know what the long rat or the rocket rat do, but rotate.  Okay, let's rotate him a bit more. Rotate that way. Oh my God. That's ship porn music started again. Right, here we go. Let's see if that works.  World's worst physics. Ladies and gentlemen, if you're watching at home, please don't put your cat in the microwave. Put your neighbor's cat in the microwave. Not long rat, Lorcan. Lung rat. Right, okay. Level three completed. It took me 10 minutes apparently.  Right, okay, let's go. Next. You know, this game isn't as bad as Uriel's Chasm that I played last week.  This doesn't seem so bad.  And if I'm honest, the kind of core concept of the game is crap, but it's not unplayable.  I mean, it's not a great tutorial because it didn't really explain how to sort of change the direction of the different things and that, but you know, it's not your arse is a chasm.  Right, hit the bomb with the ball, explode the cat. Only the ball can activate the bomb, obviously. Hence, you'll need to build a lever to work as a catapult. Fat Rat is a good weight, and its position can make all the difference. Right, okay, let's play this. What is that? This looks retarded, right? Obviously, that goes there. Let's make this kind of seesaw sort of thing. Fat Rat can go there. Let's play that. Boink! Physics, ladies and gentlemen. The game is advertised as a physics puzzle thing. So, I don't know if you can see the steam thing that's just popped up. My friend on Steam has sent me a suggestion that I played Desert Bus. I'm well aware of what Desert Bus is. Now, me and Nathan were going to play Desert Bus as a charity drive thing, so it's live streamed Desert Bus for 24 hours solid and see if we're still alive at the end of it. I imagine at the end of it, we'd probably be fighting each other, smearing ourselves in our own feces, and generally not fit for human consumption. But you know, it might happen. It might happen. Okay, let's do the next level. Desert Bus, I should play Desert Bus. Is that a game? Right, okay, here we go. Hit the chainsaw with the ball. Chainsaw the cat. Only the ball can activate the chainsaw. The ball must be lifted for a perfect shot. Vacuum is a good rat to move the ball up. Where do these rats get their special abilities from? I don't really get it. Okay, so what have we got here? I'm going to need him there, I guess. What's that guy? Archer rat. I don't know what that is. Do-do-do-do-do-do. Flip. Maybe that'll work. I don't know.  Up it goes. There's that physics in action. Oh, come on. Okay. That was actually pretty funny. Right, okay, so I'm going to have to maybe move him into a precise position. I don't know. Boink! Yeah!   God didn't create animals. God's not real.  So I despise cats.  There's something about it. It doesn't feel right. I don't like it. And I should like it. Because, you know, cats but I really don't. Anyway, let's let's just move on.  Yeah, I liked Abby Lorcan, but she was like the anti-cat.  My friend in chat is saying that I liked Abby, his cat, who tragically passed away. She was the kind of cat that would look at you and you know that you'd been marked for death. I appreciate that. I had a healthy respect for her. And so, yeah, hit the candle with the ball, burn the cat. Only the ball can activate the cat. I mean, look at him. He's chained up. He's got a ball and chain. And that that ball and chain, the cuff that's around his leg, he could easily escape that. It's like this is suffering from some sort of learned helplessness.  It's like you know, how long has this cat been tortured? How long has it been sort of kept chained up to the point where it's actually free to go. But it doesn't realize that. Oh, maybe it does realize it, but it's just, it's scared. It's scared of what, you know, or maybe I'm just reading too much into it. I don't know. Regardless, the cat or rat is going at the top here. Let's flip him around. That's going to go down there. I'm obviously going to need a whatever umbrella, I suppose. And now, obviously these guides, they're kind of ruining the game for me because I know what I'm supposed to do because of the guide. I'm hoping that this is just literally a tutorial thing. And it's going to go away eventually, but you know, you never know. Oh, what are you doing? Total bellend. How do I make, actually, oh, there, it's got it, right, okay. Um, go. No, it's not going to, it's too late, it's too late, it's too late. Oh, no, did it. Hey, look!  He can't even summon up the energy to whimper anymore. And now it's just a charred mass of blackened bones. I am a Budapest. How much was this game? I bought it full price for 79p. And that was a massive, massive ripoff. But if you want, I'll happily gift it to you. I'll happily gift it to you. In fact, even if you don't want it, I'm going to gift it to you, Nathan. So check your inbox. It's coming your way. And you are going to play it even if I have to force you to do so. It literally said what in a pop-up. I'm not really following the chat, because I'm too busy sort of following this game. Oh, God. I'm trying to look at the chat on a tablet. No, you are getting it, Nathan. There's no way out of this now. It's done. It's done deal. Gunshot. Password. Rocket rat. Blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. Fire the gun. Kill the cat. Only the ball can activate the gun. I'm seeing a pattern here. It's pretty sure that usually only the ball can do whatever it is you're supposed to do in a level. Hints you'll need to use the scene objects. Well, there's a surprise. Tractor position is a timer. Rocket can handle the lever. What have I got? Another tractor rat. Same old, same old. He's going to push that along. Presumably that's going to smack the ball down there. Rocket rat there, I guess. Whatever. Let's try that out. Come on, quickly, quickly. Oh, it doesn't matter. It's not set there anyway. Bosh. No, no, no, no. There we go. Fire the gun. That's horrible. Although, that looks a bit like Donald Trump's hair, doesn't it? Donald Trump. You know, I... I'm thinking about Donald Trump. What's this? The next time you get to a new level, stop and uncheck the show plan box. Oh, yeah, I know I can do that. I know I can get rid of the show plan. I was just wondering whether there comes a point where you are forced to get rid of it. Do you know what I mean? It's like, yeah, it's a helpful guide and everything. But, you know, is there ever going to come a point where no, you're not allowed to use it anymore? That's what I was getting at there. You need to calm down as well, Toby. Look at all that shouting. Uncheck it for God's sake. Yeah, okay. Anyway, let's go next. Oh, hang on. Seems to be a longer load than the... Oh, no. Here we go. Shall I do it without the plan? Shall I go solo? Yeah, why not? Let's do it. Let's real test our battle now. Okay. So, what have we got to do? We've got to get the scissors and that's going to chop that. Is that Cloud's Buster Sword from Final Fantasy 7? Kind of looks a bit like it. What do I actually have here?  A cannon rat? Okay. Can I do a bad position? Not entirely sure what I'm supposed to do now. Is this actually going to make... I don't know. Is this going to make a difference?  I mean, this music. Let's get rid of that. I've got a balloon. I've got a cannon rat. What does the cannon rat actually do? What if I put the wooden board here? Rotate that. Like that. That's counter-intuitive as well, isn't it really? Move that. Oh, this music, man. I guess. Let's try that. Okay, that wasn't really what I was expecting. Maybe not... Could I just hit it with the thing? Okay. That was almost where it needed to be. Oh, come on, man. Yeah, you can do it. You can do it. That's not going to work, is it? It's just not going to work. Uh... Leave the plan on, Lorcan says. Okay. Well, I gave it my best shot without the plan. Uh, so let's go to help and show the solutions plan. Let's play the game. Of course, because it wouldn't possibly be that simple, would it? Presumably then, I've got a... Let's get rid of that dickhead. Uh... Push it using the tractor. Then what's this? Timer, maybe? To blow it up? I don't know. The cannon. Uh, cannon rat is going to shoot it across there. Let's...  Well, that was one big failure, wasn't it? Is there anyone who can set the... Ah, there you go. Timer. Now how long? 64? What is that? Is that seconds? Oh, I don't know. Okay, let's play this. Go. No, obviously it's not 64 seconds, is it? That's what I've got to do. Let's change the timer to, um... 120... Oh, 156. Let's try that. Oops, no play the game. There we go. Well, that was obviously too much, wasn't it? So, let's change that timer again. I really love the way it's like... It's not in seconds. You don't actually know what the units of measurement are. So, you've got no way of being accurate with it. Let's play that. Let's play that. Uh... Oh, come on! I was almost there! Uh, this timer... 85? Let's try 85. Bum, bum, bum, bum, bum, bum, bum, bum... And, no... Guys, you've got to get real fine-grained on this, haven't you? 90. I'm not having fun right now. I thought I'd throw that out there. This game's not fun. Uh... But again, it's not driving me insane. It's not so unbelievably awful that I want to, like, eviscerate myself. That's not even going to reach anyway, is it? Oh, God, right. Okay, let's stop that. And... 96. Oh, my... Christ. I don't even know if I'm doing this right. Okay, time elix. 98. Is that going to work? So, it's got to be 97. But I... There we go. If it's not this... Because I tried 96. I tried 98. Um... And so it should be... It's not it, is it? That's not it. You have a bat and a balloon. Oh, does the balloon lift the ball up? Let's...  The balloon's not going to lift the ball up, is it? It just lifts a rat up. Although, I could maybe lift the... Let's move him down there. Put him up there. I need to... I need to flip him first. Oh, God's sake! Flip. So, this is my theory. He pushes that over there. He shoots it up there. The bat cracks it across there, right? Forever stuck playing this. Right, okay. Let's go. Here we go. Right. And... Oh, no, man! What's the timer on that? Let's go. Here we go. This is not going to work. This is not going to work. This is not going to work. Let's change the timer again. Remember how I said it's like a bad game, but it doesn't make me want to kill myself? It's... No, it's about to crush the threshold. It's getting to that point. It's about to... It's about to...  No. I envy that cat. I think the cat's got the better deal. Is that going to make a difference? Let's try that. How will attaching the... God!  That's me right now.  In a way, I don't really care because it's kind of your... I guess it's sort of punishment, if you like. Well, that didn't work, did it? Oh, God! Right. Let's try something totally different. So we've got the ball there. The bat has got to be up there, man. Oh, okay. Maybe this will work. But let's try it anyway. No, that really didn't work, did it? There's a sound plan, though. Oh, God! Right, okay. Yeah, look, it is a suicide bomber rat. That's why I said it's like really... like... not politically correct. It's got one eye bigger than the other as well. It's like... This game... rather than, you know, what's it called? Bad rats. Bad racial stereotypes? Um... I still kind of reckon that this is what I'm supposed to do. Um... Yeah, that's right. That's definitely what I need to do. It blatantly is. It blatantly is. Let's just set the timer a little bit longer. Maybe change the angle. Oh, that's... Look, if you click on that side, it should rotate it to the right, but it doesn't. It's like so counter-intuitive. Right, okay, let's play this now. Done. Go. Oh, come on! Right, a little bit longer. Rotate it. Okay, here we go. Let's play. Play ball! Do you reckon they tested this? Like, you know... Do you reckon they sat down and thought... Is this game... Is this game fun? Yeah, yeah, it's good fun. What about that level where, you know, Oh! Come on, man! That was almost there! It's almost there. Right, okay, let's stop that. Rotate. I think maybe the angle is slightly off. See what I mean? My original plan was sound. None of that balloon rubbish. I was onto something. Here we go. And... Oh, come on! This time. It's got to work this time. It's got to work this time. And... Okay, let's maybe change the angle a little bit. Let's play that now. Right, this time. Here we go. And... Come on! Didn't even change the time at that time. I changed the angle. It's like... It doesn't push the ball at the same rate. Do you know what I mean? How are you supposed to time this when every single time it pushes the ball in a different way? I've got a good feeling about it this time. I've got a good feeling about it. Here we go. And... Oh, come on! I bet it'll be different. If I just don't adjust anything and just play it again. Here we go. Yeah, that's not a bad suggestion actually. Why not just do this from the start? I don't know if this is going to work. Well, that's not really the way I intended it to work. But you know... Yeah, it claims to you... That the people that wrote the physics engine are actually aliens that have spent their entire lives living in space. And physics is just something they've read about in books. Excellent. So, right. Let me... Let me just take this opportunity as well to wish a very happy birthday to Laura Nagel, the wonderful Laura Nagel from Dublin, Ireland, who is, I don't know, twenty-one-ish or something, plus or minus a few years. Happy birthday, Laura. Love you loads. And... Damn you for getting me hooked on those caramel biscuits. Because I've been buying them and eating them ever since I stayed at yours and you bought me those.  But they're good biscuits. But happy birthday. Excellent. What's this? Show the original solution. So let's see how they actually solved it. You know what I mean? This is how they solved it. Let me just check what their time in certain was. Ninety was their timer. I swear. Let's see if theirs actually works.  How do you think you are? Right, anyway, let's go to the next. Okay, level G. Here we go, level G. Good dog. Password, Toto. I bless the rains down in Africa. There we go, a bit of Toto there for you. Open the cage and free the dog. Let the dog meet the cat. Only the ball can activate the weight and open the cage. Time precision is needed. Brilliant. Because I really loved that. Because that was really good fun in the last one, wasn't it, guys? The rocket can use the maps ramps. Vacuum can lift the ball for the rocket. Shall I play with or without the plan? I'm asking you now, with or without the plan? Obviously, I've got to wait about 10 seconds to see your responses. So, tick, tock. Tick, tock. Are we doing it with the plan or without the plan? With the cocaine. Cocaine is not actually an option here. God, I wish it was. I'm just going to check my text messages while you guys give me a give me a straight answer there. I've got 7 messages from 3 chats. Okie dokie. Right then. Now then. OK, so no one has said not to use the plan, so I'm using the plan. And to be honest, the solutions to these things are so...   You know? Anyway, right. Let's have a look. Well, I'm going to need the vacuum rat up there, obviously. Stick him up there.  Rocket rat can then push it along there. And I guess maybe bomber rat. He can go there. Where's the old rocket rat? There we go. He can go there. Rotate that way. So, obviously, I've got to wait because the timing is going to be... Obviously, I don't know if this stream has worked, so someone's just said that the stream is... According to Google, the stream is healthy. Is there anyone having problems? Right, ok. I'm just going to pause that there. Right then. So, did I not click pause? There we go. I think one of the problems is that I've been... Anyway, here we go. So, panic station is over. I'm obviously going to need to set a timer on the rocket rat. How long are we going to wait? I don't know. What are even these things? What do you mean bad position? I haven't even moved him. Whatever. Let's try that. That was obviously too late. Let's change that timer. This music is awful. Go now. Go!  Now, I know I shouldn't really pick fault with the cartoony graphics. That skeleton looks like a human skeleton. It doesn't look like a cat skeleton. That level was... That wasn't so bad. Let's go to the next level. I don't know how many levels there are. Ok. Objectives. Hit the chainsaw with the ball. Only the ball can activate the chainsaw. Runner can have amuse. Ok. There's obviously an issue with the stream again. I don't know what. Let's have a look. Make sure I'm not sort of... Maybe close that. Ok, so today... Nobody watching right now. Obviously that's... Skeleton looks like a human skeleton. It doesn't... There's obviously an issue with the stream again. Let's have a look. Make sure I'm not sort of... The stream seems alright on mine. But then I do have the dog's bollocks fiber connection to my house. So I don't know... Maybe you guys need to upgrade from your 56k modems or whatever. I don't know. Let's just stop that. Good. I'll tell you what. I'll get rid of that. And I'll... Get rid of that. In fact, let's just close that down and let's go back to the game. Kicking small bears. Germicide away. Here we go. Right, ok, so we've got... I guess we're going to need to... Put the tractor up there. It's going to push the ball down there. Probably get that over there.  Come on! Right there. Run a rat can go there, I suppose. And the bomber rat can go there! Let's run that. Here we go. Oh, well that didn't work, did it? Ok, so maybe move him back there. Go, go, go, go, go, go, go, go, go! Yeah! There we go. Well, run then! Why aren't you running? Sake. Right, ok, let's try that again. Oh, he's running now. Oh, for whatever reason. Does anyone remember a game called Armadillo Run? There used to be this cool game called Armadillo Run, which was kind of similar to this, except it didn't make me want to... Why has he stopped running again? Oh, come on! Why, though? But why? Is it inspecting your shoelaces or something?  It's the best game since Blue... Well, Blue's Brothers was based on those I've ever seen, so... Why has he stopped running? Right, there we go. He's running now. Yeah, ok, keep on running. Don't stop running. Don't stop running. Keep running. That's it. Keep on going. Don't stop. Why? Why, though? Why would you stop? Why would you stop? What's the point in that? And he never starts again. Ok, let's... Move him right up there. Right, this time.  Oh, god. Ok, stop that. Back there, maybe. Here we go.  And the ball goes... Oh, no! Now, this time. This time. This time. Keep running. Keep running. Keep running. There we go. Do you think the chainsaws is as good as the one in Doom? Or... Maybe not as good as the one in Doom. I don't know. Oh, my god! I've got an achievement! Bad Rat Jr. 10 maps solved. How many maps are there? I can't really explain my... The lack of... The sense of no achievement that I get from playing this game. All I've really achieved is like, wasting a night. I mean, the saving grace of Uriel's chasm last week is that I... At this point, I'd finished the game. You know, I've done 10 levels. Let's go... Excuse me. Let's go on to the next one. Open the cage and free the dog. Let the dog meet the cat. Only the ball can activate the way. And open the cage. Ba-ba-da. Ba-ba-da. Ba-ba-da.  I guess we'll try this. Best game since Duke Nukem Forever. You know it, baby. What was that? In what universe does things behave like that? I bet if I do it again, the same thing won't happen. Let's see. Why shoot it again? Why did you shoot it again? Let's move them away, maybe. Let's try it again. Yes, it's the best game since Rise of the Robots. Rise of the Robots had a great setting tested in focus groups, etc. on the advert. Jesus wept! Right, hopefully this time. Shoot. See what I mean? I just hate it when you figure out the solution to something. But because it has to be so precise, or because the game mechanics are that crap, the game logic is that crap, but you sort of think I've actually got the right solution here, or should I be doing something different? Even though you were on track the whole time.   And probably just like... I'm just going to cry. I'm going to cry myself to sleep, I think. I envy the cat. I envy the cat. Okay, right, trampoline. They've given me a trampoline on pretty much every level. This is the first time I've actually needed to use it. What have we got here? That goes there, obviously.  I've still no idea what the lung rat does. Let's rotate him. There we go. And let's set the timer. Try that, maybe. Let's see how that works. Here we go. Obviously, I need to change that timer, don't I? Because ten, whatever that is, is that... I think these might be tenths of a second. I don't know, let's see. Here we go. I need to wait a little bit longer. Oh, come on. This game is rubbish. It's rubbish. I hate it. And go. There we go. Come on. What are you doing? There we go. Jesus Christ. God. Right. Oh, brilliant. Fast thinker. Five maps solved in less than one minute. Brilliant. I don't feel like a fast thinker. I think this game has actually made me stupider. Right. I'm going to go to the menu. Now, let's see if the game does what it did before. When I exit the game, it just goes... Let's see if it does that. Right. Bad rats. It's just a bad game. It started out. I'm going to kind of give it the benefit of the doubt. But it got to the point where... I mean, when you started introducing timings and stuff like that, and the fact that the physics is so inconsistent, it means it's just impossible to properly plan.  But those works, but yours doesn't. You know? It's frustrating in the extreme.   So, yeah, thanks for watching, everyone. Let me just exit the game. Do you really want to exit the game? Yeah, I do. See what I mean? And now I've got to reboot my computer to get rid of that sound. To be fair, though, if I had to listen to this sound for the rest of my life, that would be preferable to ever play in that game again. But... Yeah, so... Thanks for watching, everyone. Um... If you've got any suggestions for other crap games, feel free to stick them in the comments. And... Or email me, message me on Steam, whatever, you know, just like, send me some suggestions. Um... I've really got much more to say than that. I am going to now turn off my computer. I'm going to go and paint.