Hey Virgo! Welcome back to the channel. Happy birthday! If it is your birthday today, give a shout out in the chat or say something in the comments. Happy birthday to you! This is Kelly from House of Virgo. If you're new, smash that like button and subscribe if you enjoy the reading. And we're going to take a look at your messages, other and or more messages for September. If you want to get a personal reading with me, link in the description box. I am running a special discount for the month of September, so do go over and check that out. You can get a next-day reading. Okay, so you have kisses, you have talking, and you have seduction. Let's see. Can't pick it up. Hello! Okay. Unconditionally loving, giving, receiving, affection, falling in love, going to be talking to someone who's interested in you, conversing more. A weighted message arrives for some of you.  Someone's going to be seducing you, Virgo. Attraction, flirting, dating, hooking up, temptation. Yeah. Okay. It looks like something's going to be sending you a lot of kisses. Oh yes, a lot of little kissy emojis through text or connecting with someone. Lots of messages coming through for you. Or a message you've been just waiting here from someone. Okay, so I'm going to do a Celtic Cross. Hopefully it'll show up on the screen. So let's take a look. All right, the pass, you've got the chariot. So, all right, and the queen of cups. So let's see. Things were progressing in the past, going a particular direction for you in the past. Some of you were moving away from your emotions in the past. Just didn't want to deal with your feelings for others. It might have been a water sign in your past where you guys, oh, we're heading in a particular direction. You were going like it looked like a movement.  A water sign came into your life. Okay. And something ended. There was a breakup in the past. Okay. Now you have the Hierophant.  What's going on? Okay. You've got justice and nine of cups. You have the, I can't see, six pentacles. You have the ace of cups. Okay. You have the ten of pentacles position of you. You've got the page of cups external to you. The hermit and the outcome is judgment. Wow. It looks to me like do real energy. I'm just going to say a lot of restriction. Okay. Let me give my, let me just give you a little more light here because I feel like that's not enough light. Well, that's a lot of light. The overall energy is feeling mentally restricted or stuck. So, you might be feeling that way now at this time. Going into September. Really trying to have a fresh new start, put an end to something. Moving forward, having new growth, having new beginnings in your life. There's definitely ideas and things that you want to do. I see that. But like I said, the past energy, definitely something, some kind of an ending. It's like a full stop. It looks like things were heading in particular, like going right along, progressing nicely and boom. An argument or a separation, divorce, a breakup of some sort happened. Now you have the hierophant currently. Let me just get a clarifying card for this. What's going on? Why is the hierophant here? Okay. Oh, look. Here's that King of Wands showing up in your reading yesterday. And I also, in the, in the OnlyFans reading, the King of Wands was there too. Aries the Osage. So, it looks like there's a fire sign swooping in while you're single. Yep. There's going to be communication with a fire sign in this month. I feel like it's just a continuation of the same message, but communication with a fire sign, talking, flirting with each other. All that energy is starting. But this is somebody, I feel like it's a new love start here. Let's see what justice is. Okay. I can't believe all these major arcanas showing up. All right. This flirting and all this, this fire sign is looking for a committed, they want something committed with you, right? They're looking for a committed relationship. This fire sign is not playing around. Okay. The challenge where the obstacle, okay, they're just saying, I mean, this person, like, as far as marriage goes, that's what they want. But they don't want, they want something more of like a spiritual. They're spiritual. I feel like this person, it's so weird. It's like, it's difficult for them to go against their, I feel like religious beliefs are there, like maybe the way they were raised or something like that, they have that background. But I don't know why it's a challenge here.   It's a big decision. Or this is crazy. I mean, this person is just showing up out of the blue. I feel like this is what this person wants to be married. So, you know, whatever you want is apparently not, you don't get to say, I think, I mean, this person is very serious about this is what I see.  But I kind of feel like this person, now they're just saying, well, they prefer to have something very formal and very like, we got to walk down the aisle. And it's got to be like a blessed kind of and picking up real strong religious kind of a wedding kind of thing. Okay, so I just have to tell you, that's where they're at. But it's a challenge for them to just be like, well, I don't feel like it's going to be sacred. If we just go in front of the judge, we go to Vegas person holds like really high ideals for like this sacred union. Okay. So weird. I don't know. Maybe you understand this. Maybe you're already talking to this person. I'm not sure. But this is how they come in. Okay, this is how they come in. And what's driving this reading right now is this Nine of Cups energy. This is all about happiness, contentment and joy. This is all about wishes coming true. Okay. Now some of you might, you know, want to have a very religious kind of ceremony or feel that you have to, which is a strange message. And you might be the one who's kind of on the fence about doing it are kind of on the fence about not having it that way and like just doing a beach wedding of some sort. I feel like this all reading is wedding vibes. You went from a complete breakup and something being over to you're going to the chapel already. Like, there's what's going on. There's like, no, this is just like black and white just like that. Okay. I feel like there's a decision that's going to have to get my get made. So you might talk to this person and get into conversation with them in September and talk and this will be the top like the major conversation that you both have. Well, like someone will say, well, if you if you did ever decide to get married, how would you? How would you do it? And it could be well, you know, I kind of want to be in a church. And then the other side could be well, you know, I don't want to be in a church. I want to be on the beach, be in the forest or be in a witch's cabin or something, you know, or which is hot or something unique and creative. You know, there's there's a little bit of like, hmm, but a working out and a compromise for sure. So, you know, I mean, where's all the love that precipitates all of this? I mean, I feel like the month of of September is going to be a lot of communicating with this person, you know. So like I said, this person is serious. I feel like they want to tie the knot like they don't want to be alone. They they're not jumping around from relationship to relationship. I don't see this person wanting to play the field or like they're ready to meet if they find someone that's right for them and they're they're perfectly ready to work on a partnership and make something work. So I feel like that's really good. Like there's this person is not a commitment phobe at all. At all. Okay. Even with the six of pentacles there, they're very generous. They're very giving, charitable, helpful.   And sparks begin to fly here with the ace of cups. In September, like a brand new start, healing, healthy, emotional, like a wedding, a new relationship, it's all, it's all things that give that emotional fulfillment, all those things that happen.  There's all this water healing. I want to say like, there's no more thirst. Like the thirst is gone. I mean, your, your, your thirst will be, your thirst will be quenched by this new love. What Virgo? Okay. So and you know what, Virgo, why are you attracting this in September?  That's all I can say. The house of Virgo is in order, at least by the end of September of anything, or by maybe your birthday, September 10th, and it's like making a commitment and decision to like really start intermingling or accepting someone who's serious, no longer chasings are going after people who are not looking for anything outside of what you want, right? But you're stable, you're stable. Yeah, I mean, you might even feel like you are maybe this person sees that, but they see it.  So, you know, Virgo, your advice, especially here with the Ten of Pentacles is to stay in that energy.  But this is an energy of like foundation, foundational, whatever that means for you. I feel like this person, they're coming in with this page of cups. So they're being very sweet on you in September, definitely. Now, for some of you are getting an apology from Pisces, I will say that. Whether you want it or not, I see it coming in also from a Capricorn perhaps, but there's also a birthday wish, you're going to receive a birthday text, call, kiss, wish, message, gift, card, whichever it might be. Some of you are getting, you're going to hear from someone who is very toxic as well. Doesn't mean it's a Capricorn, but you will maybe it's someone from your past. It could be. I'm messaging you. Let me take a look here and see what this, okay, really stressed. Whoa.  Hmm. That's an interesting twist plot twist. Let me say show Virgo more. Oh, that's weird. Queen of Wands is here. Hmm. Did you have a relationship with someone? Fire sign? Okay, they just said some of you are going to hear that there's a fire sign female who is drinking the fish juice. She's on the fish. She's back on the, she's back on the fish juice. That's what I'm hearing. Whatever the hell fish juice is, she's back on the fish juice. She's drinking again. Someone's drinking again. That's external to you. I'm sorry. I didn't mean to. I didn't intend to. It just went that way. Okay, there's several different messages here, but I feel like this is coming from someone who's far away. So it could be male or masculine or feminine energy. There's also someone here who is messaging you. They don't want to walk away, or they tell you that they're sorry. They're really stressed about how toxic they were in a relationship with you and their negative aspects and things that they've done. They want to be able to give you that message so that they can move on with their life and so that you can move on with yours really, which looks like you're doing anyway. But at the same time, they're still kind of like reaching out to you. I have to say this, Virgo, they're like looking back one last time, they're getting, there's a past person here who wants to give it one more shot, wants to give it one more try. One last, the old college try, one last try here with you. So I'm picking up Aries, Leo, Sagittarius, Capricorn, Taurus, Aquarius, Scorpio, Pisces. Okay, so it's one of them. So looking at you here though, Virgo. Oh, my goodness.  Thought I'd let go the past. Thought that thing was over. And you say you've got somebody new showing up here, right? New communication coming in ASIS sorts. And then you've got someone who wants to, they're still they're moving forward, but they can't fully let you go. They want to see if there's anything left to salvage with you. Okay. So yeah, you've got hermit, you're going to kind of just pull in a little bit. There's one sense where I feel like you might be like, man, I just hope everybody will just leave me alone right now. And then there's this other thing where I feel like you kind of hope that you don't miss out on any kind of opportunities coming towards you. Oh my gosh, Virgo, this is insane. Give me a clarifying card for the hermit. Shoot, get the death guard. Okay, two major Akana. These are very opposing energies. One is being very still. And just going within deep reflection and the death guard is all about transformations, endings and new beginnings. So I kind of feel like you are going to be in lost in thought, whether to give someone knew a chance or whether to give something that you saw ended a chance. Yeah, they're not telling me what you did to do except the outcome here is judgment. So you might be reconciling. Let me see. Some of you could have a relationship, we've got the hermit, you could have a relationship with another Virgo or a Scorpio. And there might be a decision either to you in a Scorpio, or if you have like Scorpio in your chart somewhere, and you're connecting with a Virgo, there is a decision between those two signs as well. But you've got judgment. Oh, looks like Virgo, you might actually reconcile with someone who wants to give a relationship another chance by the end of the month. Now you can change that you don't have to. But it does look like there is a possibility some of you might actually take a look and see what can be worked out. I feel like some of you something ended and you just set yourself free. And as you're free, you're not committed to anyone. You do have another opportunity with someone new coming in. But for some of you, this may have just been where two people needed to cool off. You know what I mean after if there was an argument, or someone moved out, left, moved away, or something like that. But it looks like the past is returning. It is Mercury rich grade. So that can definitely happen here. For some of you, you know, if it looks like I'm just going to say it looks like you're going to try and make something work, or give one more chance to someone from the past. You might be seduced. You might get seduced. Why am I shuffling? I'm not asking. Give Virgo one more piece of advice. Oh, I gave you two. Oh, wow, you've got the sun. Okay, for some of you, this is specifically this reading for those on the cusp of Leo Virgo. But your advice in general is do what's going to make you happy. Do what will make you ultimately happy. Don't do anything out of obligation. Don't do anything out of guilt. Only do what is going to bring you joy and happiness at your advice in this situation because it looks like you have two separate kind of things going on here. Do what's going to make you jump for joy. Let me see what other messages you have. I'm sorry, guys, it's going to be not be too long tonight. Okay, you need to have boundaries, firm boundaries, essential message for September. Firm boundaries are needed now. Okay, healing old wounds and childhood issues need revisiting. Yeah, it's what I'm saying. There was some kind of like something to the heart, some kind of stab to the heart in this. I don't know how far back that was. It could have been three weeks. It could have been three months, three years ago. But it looks like there was boundaries put up especially so needing to have time to heal something after some kind of argument or split up or break up.   Okay, healing because a person was unavailable or unable to give you all you deserve. So some of you just went into this like, I'm just gonna take care of myself. Oh, and for others, there was an interference third party. There was a external party intruding on the relationship might not have been it could have been infidelity for others. It was other people places or things. But all of it was meant to teach you some type of spiritual lesson while you're in this healing mode. Some of you might not even take the offer. I don't know Virgo, it looks kind of sketch. Yeah, integrity does the situation align with your morals and values, you know, because I feel like somebody's coming in in September to that will it looks like a line possibly with what you're seeking stability, a long term committed relationship. But is this a person that you love? You know, is it good? Is it going to make you happy to settle with someone where it's like a business kind of thing and everything works out and it's just great. And you can have a long term commitment but your your passions and your heart I feel like you're I feel very good like you want to follow your heart more than your head you won't you want to feel those passions and that love and that excitement and butterflies every time you see that person rather than settle down with someone just to have the long term commitment is a little bit confusing. You know, I mean, it could be could be the new person that brings that passion. It is a fire sign that brings that passion, which is something that you want. Yeah, it's it's a lot confusing here because I'm not really sure how you felt about the person in the past. They're not really but if your heart was broken, then you must love them. So it's like tempting. I feel like there's some temptation happening here. What do you do?  That's a personal decision. Everybody says, Well, you should do this or you should do that. See, do you or do you go with the stability?  So, you know, and I'm certainly not telling you what to do. But based on the cards and the outcome, it looks like you might try to reconcile with someone to try to fix something. And that doesn't mean that it that will work out. It's too it's not far enough for me to see. But you might give that other person another shot just even if it's just to get get closure or to finally leave it once and for all and then accept a new offer. You might do that some of you might decide not to reconcile. And that would be your will. That's not showing up here in the cards. That would be your decision to just push that person away. Okay.  So which one is it? Which relationship can stand the test of time? Inquiring minds want to know spirit. So we're going to ask, is it the fire? Or is it the water? Let her go now. It's the fire. Yeah, it's the fire. Oh, wait a minute. This is the five ones hold on a minute. That's contention. Shit. Okay, for some of you, it's the one who's 57 years of age. They just said that or was born in 57. Okay. Now you've got the seriously, or someone who was born in 75, but you've got the five of ones, which is uncertainty and contention and confrontation and conflict. And then you've got the seven of cups, you've got fire and water. And the seven of cups is fantasy. And they're not going to tell me. Oh, okay. It's the water sign. There's a queen of cups who started with the queen of cups and ending with the queen of cups.  And now here's the king of wands, Virgo, this message, the strongest message I'm picking up here for you is you're going to have to go find out, you're going to have to go f around and find out because you need to know I guess someone here that I'm speaking to needs to know needs to get confirmation by actually getting into the ring and finding out. Because I feel like every time I try to ask spirits like, Okay, no, this way. No, that way. Let me see what your love messages are. Oh, wow. So you've got engagement. I'm telling you, I feel like, Oh, geez. Well, let's put it this way. I do feel like this fire sign is going to move things along pretty quickly. And if that's something that you want, that's what's going to happen. At least before the end of the year. Okay, as far as talking and then four months and then you'll be engaged. That's going to go quick. Okay, you also finance is financial issues are a factor in your love life right now. Okay. Some of you might decide to marry for money. And you know, I'm not calling anybody out. It might not be anybody in the chat might just be someone here is listening, you know, covertly and not revealing themselves. You've got let your friends help you. You also Oh, yeah, with a past.  Okay. Holy, there's so many messages. My gosh. So as far as a past life relationship goes, you're not going to be able to do that alone. I'm just hearing if you're going to do something with a past person, there's got to be some little bit of guidance and help that's going to be needed for that past relationship to work out. I'm going to tell you that right now. This new person is fresh. So fresh and so clean.  Why do I sound like such a white person? I like the way you move. I like the way you move so fresh and so clean. So all right, let me stop. So the new person is going to be like boom, boom, boom. It's it's fresh. It's new. There's no baggage. There's no issues. I want to marry you. Let's let's confirm it. Will you marry me? You know, the whole nine yards. Okay, I don't care where we can do it here. We can do it there. I just want to be with you. The past the past is kind of really doesn't want to let you go once you give it another try. You know, so there was it's a tough call because just because you have history with someone doesn't mean you should be together. I know that's a fact, right?  I feel like if you're going to make a decision, you're going to need some friends to maybe talk to ask for some support about that. Only because it looks like something happened. I feel like it came to an abrupt stop. Like, almost along the lines of like shocking or abandonment, that kind of stuff. Yes, that's what I feel like is going on here. So you know, Virgo, no sweat, nothing to lose. You'll have a new opportunity coming in for you. And if you don't want to go to the past, the reading is still worthwhile, right? Because you always have you got a new start with someone. So it's up to you. You've got the snake, you have year of the dog, you have year of the rat, snake again, year of the tiger, year of the rabbit. Here's a rat again, you have the goat, you have the ox and the rooster. Okay, so that could be you could be your person could be both could be none. Take your the grain of salt. All right, let's try and get some other messages here. Maybe some names or okay 1987. Okay, March 1972. Okay, you have the letter H, you have the letter T. September 6, somebody's birthday, September 3. What is going on here? Oh, does somebody like frogs? Okay, so we've got a toad, like toad the wet sprocket here. There's something here to do with a frog. Significant for someone. Well, froggy. You also have a butterfly and a starfish. Okay, the starfish does represent something down by the sea. So there is something about a starfish. I'm also hearing someone spinning playing some kind of spinning game to win a prize. Somebody won a prize. You had butterfly yesterday. I feel like that message is still the same. This someone here has either a star. It could be on their body. Or it is something to do with stars are significant means something to you as well as the butterfly. Significant means this is definitely a transformation and growth. And I was another day, you've got two stars. You guys start with a fairy. Okay, fairy, Disney vibes there. Tinkerbell vibes there. So maybe Disney represents something for someone very significant. Let's see what else you have here. I don't know why these are in here.  Okay, we have the letter K and the letter a so I'm hearing what I also picking up the name mark or Marcus or mark or also or Mary Kay. You remember Mary Kay or just marry somebody. Okay. Somebody likes ska, SKA ska, ska music. Also I'm hearing. Well, I'm not hearing I'm seeing whiskers. I'm seeing whiskers. Like I guess from a cat, maybe a rabbit and what what other animal has whiskers? Last name Shaw, SHAW Shaw. Somebody is drinking a milkshake. Okay. I just heard awkward. So awkward. Okay, someone has an ankle bracelet. Oh, I'm also giving the name Hank. We have the name pan PN PAK. You have Sarah, I'm hearing. I'm also hearing Shay, SHAY. Somebody is taking a nap or just woke up from a nap. There's going to take a nap. Oh, they're giving me December. December is going to be significant also. Something also happened in December of 1988. That was very significant. If you can remember back that far. Maybe you graduated high school 87 or 88 not in December, obviously, or college. Okay. Somebody's opening a jar or just opened a jar. Oh, AJ. Hello, AJ. And I'm hearing Jack. Jack or Jackie, Jacqueline. Someone's taking hormone replacement therapy also. Okay, let me see if I can get some numbers, other numbers here, like birthdays, birth dates 1966, someone's turning 56. Someone's 33. Someone born in 77. Okay, let's try. Okay, 1961, September 4. Someone's 59. Someone's born in 71. August 24. Someone's 53. I love the way you move. That's so 2000s. Okay, the letter F, we have Frank. I just heard Frank. I just heard September 18, September 15. September 19. Birthdays, December 25. That's Christmas. Significant going to be very, very, some of you are going to get proposed to on December 25. It just said, okay, yes, I'm going to leave that there. I hope you enjoyed that. Wow. Are you guys so listen, if something is significant to you that stands out in the reading that you fear you're going to forget, all you have to do is hit the save button underneath the video and that will save it to your watched or watch later. Or if you have a playlist, it's private, you know, anyone else to see it, you can save it there. You can make you can make a note of it, you can put a comment underneath it if you need to remind yourself. But if there's anything that ever sticks out, you can save. I think you can even download the videos on YouTube as well. I don't know where they download to I've never actually done it, but I've seen it where you can download it. So because I do videos every single day, right, just about. So sometimes things resonate and then you get on to the next video and the next reading and then you forget what was said or what video it was. So I just want to give you that little message to do that for yourself that you can always do that or you can leave a comment, but I don't know if you can look up your comments. All right, so that's the message. I hope you guys enjoyed that. And I want to give a shout out to hold on, somebody's getting a shout out. I'm going to tell you who in just a minute. If you guys buy me a cup of coffee, if you donate to my coffee fund, I will give you a shout out.  Oh, this is crazy. Okay, Julie, thank you for the coffee. Looks like Julie's Julie's child. But Julie, thank you for the coffee. Daphne bought me a coffee. Thank you, Jason. We also have someone the name someone. I don't they didn't leave a name Natasha Rhonda.  So I just want to say thank you guys. I try to leave a thank you comment. But if you donate if you want to donate for a cup of coffee to me, I'll give you a shout out here on my channel. And also, there's a couple of birthdays that I'm also going to give shout outs to. For those of you that received some messages that you had a birthday. And that would be let's see. Today is September sixth. So we have so I missed some birthdays, porous is birthday, Bella's birthday, happy birthday. Let's see. No one's birthdays today that is that I've been given. But September seventh will be Lala. Happy birthday. We had Sarah, Jason and Terry, September fourth, happy birthday. Scarlett was September fifth, happy birthday. Troy was September 13 is September 13th, happy birthday. And I'll get to you guys when we get closer to your dates. And I think that that anybody else I missed. No, I think that's it. So if you have a birthday, you can pop in the chat and just let Persephone know the moderator. And she sends me the information and I will give you a shout out in the video wish you happy birthday. All right, you guys. So we're gonna get going. I'll see you out back here. My goodness, tomorrow for your weekend reading. Alright, you guys so have a fantastic night. Be good. Love yourselves love each other. And I'll catch you tomorrow. Take care. Bye.


Those are hateable robots. You have ever heard of the legend of the Windows 9 from Universe 13341b, which was an anomalous Windows version not made from our Universe's Microsoft. Now I'll show you Windows 16 from Universe 13341b. After 20 years, I discovered this abandoned Indian specialty shop with the quantum portal still open. What comes out the quantum portal was an installation box of Windows 16 from Universe 13341b, which mysteriously materialized from a black hole. So I had to get back to my laptop in my hotel and installed it. Everything goes normal for most of the time until something happened. I was storing my files from my USB to this laptop's hard drive until many files mysteriously disappears and reappears in an Orthodox places, and my laptop always phrasing with the UI UX elements always glitching, having to force restart the laptop, which had lost all my unsaved work. Once I restarted my laptop again, I installed an antivirus to make sure this copy is protected. But I heard creepy and weird sounds, like this OS was controlled by Cabhanda. I tried to install a lot of patches from this Universe, but nothing seems to work until my laptop phrases, and it always gets to the black screen of death. Later on, my laptop was trashed by Cabhanda, the one who travels across dimensions. After I got my laptop to a technician, he said that it's broken beyond repair, which this screen pops up after the last boot, until my laptop died. It was Cabhanda from the Underworld, warning me that the Universe will be destroyed due to a collision event voltageverse. It was happening, I did irreversible damage to the chronological ecosystem by disrupting it, now everyone is going to be doomed to the time paradox, as by Cabhanda. I had no choice, but to save the Universe by throwing a sledgehammer to my laptop, plain rock 124 style, to kill Cabhanda, that haunts this OS. Goodbye laptop. Now I got a brand new Windows 11 computer in outer Universe. Next time, I'll never look at quantum tunneling and the voltageverse theory the same way. Although this happened to be someone's Windows ATL, it might be somewhere in the voltageverse.


Before we get into the video, people, I am giving away 11,500 Apex coins to being with a chance of winning them. Make sure you are subbed to this channel and have that bell notification button ticked. Drop a like on the video and leave a comment down below. More details are in that video in this correction. What is going on guys? Welcome back to the channel and I, Poe, is she yet you've been here? Today I bring you another Apex Legends community highlights video of epic and funny moments. If you guys do enjoy the video, smash that like button, it does help out and if you have any amazing clip you'd like to see featured, send it into the email just seen on screen now and in the video description. But guys, I hope you enjoyed the video and hopefully I will see you on that next one. Got him. At the heal, at the heal. Behind us, behind us. Oh, I see him, right here. Okay, don't push it, don't push it. The Gibraltar's still up there. So we gotta watch out. Knocked one. How many? Knocked two. Got him!   Oh my god. Someone's coming, someone's coming! Where? Didn't get much time. I'm gonna get your mask from here. Look, it took me a second. Oh, they scanned us, they scanned us. I know where we're at. Holy fuck! Oh!   You guys have to win it.  I got a heal, I got a heal, I got a heal. Please, please, please, please. He's right there, he's right there. Up the stairs, where you are. It's a 1v1 dude. Oh no, yes! I need to recharge my shield. Just 10 seconds. I'll come down. There are two inside. There's an up inside. Watch out, watch out, watch out. I didn't, oh, I didn't suffer. I didn't suffer as all the way. Fuck. Gotta jump up again.  I'm not using a peacekeeper ever again. He's healing up, he's healing up. Yep. Seriously? Yeah. Oh my god! Enemy down.


Hello and welcome. I'd like to tell you today about some of the hydrolysis-determining substrate characteristics of liquid hot water pretreated hardwood. I've worked together with my colleagues on this area, and we think we found some very interesting results that perhaps you'd like to hear about. So, pretreatment opens up the structure upon enzyme hydrolysis. I think this is pretty well known. And if you look at our cartoons, this is one from Mosier et al. a few years ago. You can see the lignite, the solid line, the cellulose, the black line, the green is the hemicellulose. When we carry out pretreatment, we open up the structure so that the enzyme, the red circles and the light gray, can access the cellulose and hydrolyze it, forming glucose, a soluble product in the process. So this is the way it's supposed to work, and in fact it does. However, it's very important to have low enzyme litigants so that the process itself is cost-effective. What interferes with this is something else. If you look at the product, which would be glucose or cellulobiotis, that product will inhibit the enzymes. It's only for glucose. It inhibits the enzymes. The other thing that's given off when we do the pretreatment is phenols. And these phenols also, their soluble, they also interfere with enzyme hydrolysis because they will, in particular, inhibit, as shown by Jimannus and all, will inhibit this final step and literally precipitate beta-glucosidase in some cases, which will stop the reaction. So the question is, if we wash away these phenols that we saw in the inhibitors, we should be in pretty good shape. However, that's not the way it works now. So what we found is, even if we wash the materials as we go through different enzyme levels, 40, 10, 5, and 2.5, decreasing enzyme levels, and we plot these enzyme levels as a function of the severity of pretreatment, the higher the severity, the more the pretreatment. We find at the lowest enzyme level, the conversion is 5%, even it for the most severe pretreatment. If we add a lot of enzyme, however, we can get up to 70%, and what this tells us is that the pretreatment's working, but something is interfering with the efficient action of the enzyme. So we looked at this further, and here's what we found. If you look at adding BSA-Volan-Sex around human to the enzyme and what it does to hydrolysis, it's very, very interesting. First of all, if we have no pretreatment, no conversion, if we have pretreatment, exact same conditions, and we increase time, we will get up to 30 or 35% conversion, and this is for about 5 FPU per gram lukin or about 8 milligrams of protein per gram lukin, 3.5 milligrams of grams per little solace, okay? Now, if we dilute the enzyme with BSA, we add BSA to the reaction mixture, everything else is the same, but the conversion increases to 90%. So you might ask, how can this happen? Well, we went and investigated further, and here's what we found. We did another experiment. So this time we added BSA, but the cellulase loading was only 1.8 FPU per gram lukin or about 1.3 per gram pretreated solace. And so then, as we decrease the activity, in other words, the milligrams, cellulase per milligram total protein, as we decrease it, you'll notice the conversion yield actually goes up, and the reason for this is it's called, we call it the pretreatment commander. As we pretreat the cellulase material, it opens up not only the cellulase structure, so the enzyme can get added, but also the lignin. And the way this works is if you look at these scanning electron micrographs, the untreated material is very smooth. The pretreated material, on the other hand, shows lignin globules, and this was identified by Mike Kimmel a number of years ago, also published in biotank BioLange. And these lignin globules have a very high surface area, and they will absorb protein, any protein, in particular cellulase protein. So what we did is we came up with an explanation and a graphic to try and explain how this conundrum, in fact, is implemented. This first square represents cellulose and lignin structure. It's a graphic, of course. The purple represents lignin, the light's colored squares represent the cellulose, the circles, the enzyme. This is before pretreatment. We do get some hydrolysis. We likely also have some exposure to lignin, which will absorb a small amount of the enzyme, and this is shown as a flattened circle here. As we increase the severity of pretreatment, what you'll see as you look at the graphic under moderate, you have more lignin that is exposed, also more cellulose, and, again, the hydrolysis increases, but also the amount of enzyme absorbed on the lignin, again shown as flattened circles. At the most severe pretreatment, the cellulose is exposed, the lignin itself still absorbs enzymes, the flattened circle, and if we add enough enzyme, we'll get a high yield because the cellulose is now exposed. So what we did is we added BSA to the mixture, got it to absorb a lignin first, and that then enabled the cellulose enzyme to, in fact, be directed toward the pretreatment cellulose to give us high yield at low enzyme loading. So then that effect was to decrease the enzyme loading by a factor of 5 or 10 at the same conditions. And so in summary, what these papers show is that low cost production processes will define cellulose ethanol, that's known and has been described by others, and that lignin drive inhibitors on the next target, I think, to reduce some costs. We're not going to use BSA in a process, we use BSA in our research because the properties are known, what their weight is defined, and we know what sorts of interactions we would expect. But this gives us some information on what to do next, and also there's further background in this very interesting area and related papers that have recently been published by the Technology Bioengineering. I hope this was of interest to you, and I hope this short video abstract will, in fact, motivate you perhaps to read some of the papers that we have put out. Thank you very much, and I look forward to talking to you next time.


Moluscum contagiosum is a common skin infection caused by a pox virus that primarily affects children. Currently, there is no FDA-approved treatment for moluscum. Phase 3 clinical trials suggest that VP-102, a combination drug-device product, could be safe and effective for use in moluscum participants aged 2 or older. VP-102 is a shelf-stable, proprietary drug-device combination product containing a topical solution of the active ingredient, kentheridin, avesicant, along with acetone, gentian violet, a surgical dye, and denitonium benzoate, a bittering agent. Once the solution is applied to moluscum lesions, it dries to form a thin, flexible film. VP-102 should be removed by washing with soap and water approximately 24 hours after treatment. Two randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled Phase 3 trials, named Camp 1 and Camp 2, were conducted to evaluate VP-102 in treating moluscum in participants 2 years or older. Study participants were 2 years of age and older and had received a clinical diagnosis of moluscum. There were no limits to lesion counts, only that all of the participants' lesions could be treated with the solution from a maximum of 2 applicators per visit. Study participants were randomized at baseline to receive either VP-102 or vehicle, applied to any baseline and new lesions present on Days 1, 21, 42, and 63. With an end-of-study visit at Day 84, participants came in for a safety visit on Day 2 and were also contacted by phone to ask about their response to treatment within 24 hours, 7 days, and 14 days after each treatment visit. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of VP-102 treated participants achieving complete clearance of all treatable baseline and new moluscum lesions at the end of the study visit. The secondary efficacy endpoint included the proportion of VP-102 treated participants achieving complete clearance of all treatable baseline and new moluscum lesions at each visit. The percentage change in lesion count from baseline to each visit was also measured as an exploratory endpoint. 310 participants were treated with VP-102 and 218 were treated with vehicle. 50% of participants receiving VP-102 achieved complete clearance of all lesions at the end of the study period, while only 15.6% of participants receiving vehicle achieved complete clearance. Additionally, statistically significantly higher percentages of participants receiving VP-102 achieved complete lesion clearance beginning after a single treatment at treatment visit 2 versus participants receiving vehicle and continued throughout the study. By the end of the study, mean moluscum lesion counts had decreased by 76% for participants treated with VP-102 versus 0.3% for participants treated with vehicle. For example, a subject in the VP-102 group could have had 100 lesions at baseline with a decrease to approximately 24 lesions at the end of the study or a subject with 25 lesions at baseline with a decrease to approximately 6 lesions at the end of the study. The vehicle group showed essentially no change in percentage of lesions across the study. The most common adverse events in the VP-102 group were application site blistering, itch, pain and erythema which were generally mild or moderate in severity and expected due to the pharmacodynamic action of the active ingredient chantheridin. There were no serious adverse events reported that were considered related to treatment with VP-102. The pulled results of the camp studies offer robust efficacy and safety data to support the use of VP-102 for the treatment of moluscum in patients two years of age or older if approved by the FDA. The findings could help healthcare professionals and caregivers deliver effective care for moluscum and may manage expectations regarding potential treatment outcomes.


that's not checking in this.  That's what, if you come in the jungle, be ready to get eaten up by the tiger. Yeah, we on Boss Talk 101. So he in the building. What's going on, my brother? Man, everything. We working hard, keeping it moving, trying to make sure we keep everything regulated. Man, so, man, I've been seeing a lot of things, man. So when you said to, hey, man, I'm gonna be in Texas, I was like, man, we gotta rock out. I wanted to ask you about different things that have been going on here lately, man. Couldn't believe that what had happened up there at the same Roscoe's that I'd usually sometimes go to, P&B Rock, the dude that basically was inside of there, they at first said that it was something that was related to gangs and all, you know, but when you see stuff happen like that, what do you think about it? Cause you guys been seeing this forever though in LA, like where things get, and it's not just in LA, it's everywhere. It's everywhere. I mean, it's the policy, what you talk about. Checking in, checking in is a courtesy. Wherever you go, I just left Chicago. I checked in with the nation of Islam. I checked in with, because I don't know the temperature of Chicago. I don't wanna be in the wrong place at the right time and have a tag on my toe. I've been to 40 states of the United States keeping the crime rate up, and I checked in because I don't know what your town is doing. That's a courtesy. And when you get, and nobody ever had a problem with checking in before a white boy, Takashi 69, said he wasn't checking in.   See, you can get taxed. I can come to Dallas, come to Fort Worth, and you say, check this out, I told him, it cost you a 5,000 to run our track. You know, we gotta do this, and either I gotta pay it, I don't pay it. You understand me? Pay or fight.  Now as a common courtesy, I say, well, hey, E, I'm coming to Dallas. Wait, right now don't come down Elam because traffic kind of heavy down here. Take the back row. So that's the courtesy of checking in. It's nothing wrong with checking in. People talk about this, not checking in, and this, when you understand what your boundaries are when you come to California, if you ain't checking in, stay here. It's North of Wilshire, because the gangbangers ain't coming North of Wilshire. Or stay in Disneyland, where the lambs be in Disneyland. Or stay in the valley with the valley girls. That's what, if you come in the jungle, be ready to get eaten up by the tiger. Wow. BNB could have been anywhere. He could have went to Roscoe's on Manchester, La Seneca. He could have went to Roscoe's in Hollywood. He could have went to Roscoe's in Long Beach. He could have went to Roscoe's in Disneyland. But his destiny took him there because he didn't check in. Yeah, we on Boss Talk 101.


It is the study of why people do the things they do. It's the study of human decision making. Our brains are amazing. They do have limitations. People will always look at your art if you put a baby in it. The brain works out what is important for them in a matter of milliseconds. Consumers are overwhelmed with decisions. We are more crazy than that. How you can encourage people to spend more money.


and welcome back to the Matrix of Peace show brought to you by Think Tech, Hawaii. I'm your host, Phyllis Police, and the CEO of Peace Through Commerce. Joining me today is our guest, Joan Blades, to talk about how to avert another January 6 catastrophe by creating trust in elections. Joan knows something about helping to avert a mass action like this. She is a successful political activist and the co-founder and past leader of moveon.org, a public policy group, and a political action committee. Because the results of the 2024 U.S. elections are going to be questions, Joan and her team at livingroomconversations.org offer a scalable, structured conversation tool that can begin to achieve some key outcomes that will lead to trust in elections. So with that, Aloha, Joan. Hello there. Great to be. Very glad to have you calling in, I know, from Berkeley. And just to review where we're going to be going today, what prompted you to start this initiative? We can see what's coming. We know that trust in elections is at a low, and if we don't do something now, we have every reason to believe that there's going to be serious trouble come November. So we have a short clip to bring into the room the reality of that possible outcome. And if Mike would play it for us, let's just go back to those days on January 6 when the election was contested. Okay. That was brought to us by the Library of Congress, that video clip, and it was created to send out, as people could see the 800 number there, a request that every citizen in the United States participate in finding the people who perpetrated that atrocity and bring us to justice. And that's the tail wagging the dog of where we want to be coming up this November. We don't want that.  And so can you talk to us a little bit about your background and what this trust in elections initiative is? It's a matter of really democracy, life and death to get this right this time. Around the block. It's hard to say which part of the block to talk about, but I think I'll talk about the living room conversations more than anything, because being from Berkeley and doing move on, I really had a point in particular around climate change where I went, what's going on? Why do people see things so differently than I do? And I had the opportunity to be intentional about meeting people that had very different viewpoints than I did. And so when we got to the point where it was less possible to have a good conversation with someone on the right, climate than it was in 2006 by 2010, living room conversations is an opportunity to talk to people and really hear them. So the exciting thing about trust in elections is fairness is a value shared across the political spectrum. Trust worthy elections are something that the vast majority of people want and elections are local. We are personally responsible for our local elections. We can do if we show up to do it. I don't want to be 10 months from now saying it wasn't right. I want to fix it now. So 10 minutes from now we can say to anyone that questions the integrity of the elections that our elections were fair and they were trustworthy. That's the goal. And the only way we can do this is if a massive number of citizens show up and own it. What's exciting is you can do the local piece, but there's not the technology to connect people across the country. So this is potentially the beginning of a really meaningful trust building project that would be so good for us as a democracy. But more than that, we need to build trust in each other regardless. After November, we need to continue to build trust because our trust in each other and our institutions in the media has diminished so dramatically. We need to turn that around. You know, you and I are sitting here talking about what seemingly is the impossible. And you love it. I know you're going to say bring it on. It has to start. Do you have any? I know that you have some metrics that have shown that your living room conversations initiative, which started how many years ago now? 2010. In 2010. So about 13, 14 years, you have a track record on making a difference and, you know, it can go to scale, right? I want the what we're going to show the viewers today is a day in the life of what it's like to have one of these dialogues, how to get involved, how to do it, how to invite other people into the room. But it isn't pointless at all. So what are some of your metrics, your results? The first I should describe a conversation. So you can write are typically four to six people. So they're intimate and they're very structured. They have three rounds. So that the introduction you get to get a sense of who the people in the room with you are, the content in the second round is about your personal relationship with that topic. And the end is just reflection and next step. It's not a debate. It's a listening practice. And in 2019, we did a research project that revealed that both the in person and the video conversations had the impact we were looking for in terms of making connections and having people be more curious and getting nuance and have to build some listening skill. As we think we want to be skilled talkers being skilled listeners, remarkably powerful. So, so, you know that it's working and it can go to scale. I know that people want to talk about this. So you've you've got to need people need to be talking about it. They want to be talking about it. And you have a very curated process that's been tried and true through living group conversations that you're now hoarding over to this trust and elections initiative. And so I want and I want the audience to know. I mean, I don't I didn't check with you about your political where you are in a political spectrum, but I want people to know where we're coming from where I'm coming from at peace to commerce is a trans partisan place. If that means anything to you that we're not we don't identify with any party. We identify with unity. And you know, one of our one of our beliefs is that values unite, but beliefs divide. And our work is to get towards this. You talked about it. Everybody shares the value of wanting to see elections that they can trust and use in your your positing that everybody shares that. So now what do they do to coordinate their beliefs, even if they're different? And so we just want people to know that we want to allow that listening component, wherever whatever perspective you're coming from, so that you can move into true dialogue debate. Yeah, not not not not that debate is wrong, but true dialogue. So she talked about the trust. Yeah, being trans partisan. I'm clearly a progressive. And but I have partners that are conservative and living room conversations was started with conservative and independent partners. The conversation guides are open source. So it may be you have one living room conversation a weekend, but we could have 10 thousand in the weekend, because it's open source and doesn't require a facilitator that conversation guide, hold the conversation in a really productive way. And we've been doing them in libraries. We've been doing them in schools, you know, in addition to living rooms and in faith communities. So it's a good thing for a community to build their connections. A lot of them do the monthly individuals do the weekly because they just enjoy that way of having a conversation that isn't that is deeper than your average front of the mill conversation. This does sound like the slow food movement applied to dialogue. It weren't it's and yet I do believe you're going to get we're going to get traction we need before November if we can catalyze these these these living room conversations on the topic of trust in elections widely. And you have I know you have a platform for local and national conversations. So let's get to the meat. We have we have an opportunity today for people to actually go through what it's about. So what I I know there's more to say about the opportunity how do you feel like we've covered it all. We also even have a slide to give people a chance to slow the slow this show down and take a look at the opportunity and the bullet points that you have there in slide four. Do you feel like we've talked about each of those or is there something else you want to highlight for. I think it's important for people to just realize that you have a lot of impact locally and you can make things happen when I had my first press and election conversations a couple of months ago. I was super pleased to find everybody at the end of the conversation talking about things they could do to make elections more trusted. And it's going to depend on the community you're in whether you know how far along you are. And the reality is we may think we know about our local elections and say yeah they're trustworthy but once you talk about it you probably want to get a few more details because if then you feel confident or if you have any places where you think wow we can do it a little better here you can make those changes so that then we can connect people across the country to talk to each other about why they believe their local elections are trustworthy. And that's you know it's the beginning of building it's not it's not the final destination there's all sorts of great groups that we already have listed on our trust and elections page at living room conversations that have more resources so do workshops if they need facilitation because you know six people is four to six people are really good number for having an intimate conversation but if you need to make some changes locally you may need someone to help with a larger group event to focus everyone and be effective. And there's a whole dialogue and deliberation community that would love to do that and mediators and that's this richness out there we just need to tap into it. And are some of those resources available on livingroomconversations.org and you go to we will give you the link within this show or we'll leave it in the breadcrumbs where the show lives online where they can go and there they can get a kit right they can download a kit you might be able to put them in touch with facilitators or they could read about resources for facilitation and bridging divides go ahead I can tell you want to scroll to the bottom of the page and they'll see there's numerous links to other organizations that have really good materials for trust in elections. Okay and I just want the viewers to know I think Newsweek covered a story on your trust in elections initiative you've gotten grants from Fetzer Institute which is very high is that right very high level. Highly respected folks there trying to make the world a better place and so for those of you who want to try this out you couldn't be in a more loving and wise I think support group to help you through this conversation and dialogue experience. Also what I like Joan about the platform if you meet weekly or monthly that allows for changing and events and changing and who's running and what the issues are it allows for the people to digest together these changes in the landscape that we are all working towards trust in elections. We have over 150 conversation guides and often people start with one conversation and it can lead to another you know we have a couple even linked on the conversation page because you know you may have to trust in elections conversation but then you may find that some of the people want to have that's my vote really manner conversation or a conversation about elected officials because you know we've seen that people that are elected school boards and people that are elected to help with polling in some communities they found that to be punishing we don't want to punish good people that show up to try and help their community can we make our communities resistant to that kind of behavior I think taking that ahead of time having that conversation and creating clarity in the communities this is the kind of behavior that we want this is the kind we don't want you know violence around elections is part of what we don't want right people to feel safe so in that regard we have a slide that we could share that takes people you shown telling us two steps of the process we want to kind of go over it again and how and then I'll look at how this process fits in the larger ecosystem of society through the lens of the matrix of peace so you want to do you want to just recap one and two and tell us a little bit about rounds three and four well um rounds one yeah if you have a very diverse group it's particularly important to get a sense of people's deeper values you kind of go oh we listen to each other when we feel connection to them in a way we just don't listen to each other if we're not connected and seeing each other's humanity and that's one of the things we've been having some trouble with is not seeing each other's humanity that's is actually very disturbing and for the topic it's like you trust your local elections you talk about if you trust why you trust what is trust to you it's a reflective process and as we listen to each other talk about it we often find that we deepen our own understanding of our own beliefs I find that again and again in living room conversations and the final round you know is toward it's just reflection and next step and this particular conversation really needs to lead to next steps which honestly thrills me as in this case I think we need to take some serious next step you know you started out by saying step one allows people to understand each other's humanity and that is a distinction between your move on dot org platform which wasn't at all that was just all uh internet right you you voted through internet and what happens with living not that one's better or worse than the other but in the way they're different by having these conversations you do meet people it isn't just blogging or twitter zx or it isn't just people doing anonymous faceless uh rant it's i stand up for living room conversations there yeah for move on move on did house parties they did oh i didn't know they did okay all sorts of in person as well as it's meeting people where they're okay wanted as an organizer i want to meet people where they're at right and the reason this project is a lot more challenging than any other i've taken on is because it's meeting people where they're at at a time when people have been trained to distrust each other gotten more and more anxious about talking across differences we're trying to bring down that discomfort and fear and nurture the we are in this together because we've stopped feeling that sense of in this together in too many cases and it's a much it's a bigger ask ask people to show up personally in this kind of conversation showing up with a group of people that agree with you doesn't feel very scary and that's really lovely and i love to do it that said i think we need to take this further step and i can testify that it expand it's expanded my world i've learned a tremendous amount you know people go on these very adventurous vacations think of this as an adventure because it is and we have all sorts of differences but we can find the connecting spots and move out from there so talking about where you are and finding the spots i want to go just briefly through where this work fits on a map of society that we've created a piece through commerce called the matrix of peace whole systems model of society and it's you're seeing it now and it's it's a traditional venn diagram and we're using the wisdom within it some people call it sacred geometry is what vends are the the discipline that they're coming out of and that there could even be formulas for co-creating the intersections that that are that represented by the venn diagram that there are the really formulas that we haven't completely discovered yet and by using a venn diagram to to visualize what peace looks like and what it doesn't look like might open up a whole new plethora of tools for us as human beings to step into the sacred geometry and what this the way it's constructed is there are three basic sectors of society all societies the public private and civil society sectors and you can call them community and laws and business it may be middle and developing countries but every every basic society with sort of three or more people it has these overlapping sectors and overlapping is the key when they do overlap they co-create what we believe are the necessary but sufficient conditions to societal peace and that is justice prosperity and sustainability and each of the intersectionalities of the sectors can co-create those outcomes or not and when you have all three justice prosperity and sustainability you then have those necessary but sufficient conditions to support societal peace and when you don't we'll look at the next slide when those sectors are not intersecting then you can't get to what we see the map changes there is no way to get to justice prosperity sustainability and the superordinate intersection of peace how do we get there we get there through that fourth component of the model which is the outside circle it's a sphere in a 3d sense called the consciousness sphere and within that sphere is embedded the values that we know unite the beliefs that can divide and and the emotions and the intangibles and where living room conversations and this trust and elections initiative platform lives on this model is working in the consciousness sphere helping move people from outside sector thinking silo sector thinking into the intersections of justice prosperity and sustainability and you don't get there automatically it really is through consciousness practices dialogue listening and the values that that that support so let's move forward and look at some of those values I think we have another slide here that that lists the values coming out of the well we have conversation agreements let's talk about that first so these agreements actually embody the agreements that you have listed through the kits that people can use it embodies those shared values so just in just a few minutes if you want to touch on a couple of them be curious and listen to understand which we start with that curiosity is incredibly if we can be curious without doing the judgment piece it opens us up and showing respect people don't you know you've lost the connection if you're not showing respect this is all about owning your part of the conversation I know so many people that have found these conversation agreements which people go into a conversation and they know how to do this this is basically what we learned in kindergarten and and they're good at it and it's a reminder and then they take it beyond their living room conversation into their lives in very productive ways I can't recommend the conversation agreements enough and there's a long form of them that goes into a more detail about it on the website but this is the essence of it right well and you know when they when they see these agreements it allow them to talk about that what is it what does that mean to you and show respect and suspend judgment and note common grounds and be authentic and welcoming purposeful and to the point and you know and own and guide the conversations those are just those are the shared values that help move people into what we call matrix intersectionality on the road justice on the road to prosperity on the road to sustainability sustainable behaviors and peace and we have just a minute maybe a half a minute to share conversation topics you raised some of them they're on the next slide on there's five bullet points there that start the conversation so what impact does trust or the lack of trust have on you or when in your life have you intentionally built trust how do you define trust and when you think about voting what hopes and concerns do you have for building trust and those are excellent excellent prompts of start these conversations and then we've got a final slide on citizen what people can do to get these conversations started if you could see that there I'm I'm going to have to be directive here because we're running out of time and you already said these conversations hundreds are happening today where people get together as friends through libraries through faith communities through national organizations like the League of Women Voters or Rotary these are natural affinity groups within which you're going to have different beliefs but hopefully shared values and we can build on that so uh any final parting comment Joan before I whisk us away and I want everyone to try this and then tell us about it because what will you learn we need to learn and then we need to share it with others we need your stories we need your your stories of how you impact your community we do so I do so everyone we'll have to leave it there you have been watching The Matrix of Peace show brought to you today by Think Tech Hawaii sorry I've got a little interference there I'm your host Phyllis Lease the CEO of Peace Through Commerce and joining me today is our guest Joan Blades talking about how to avert another January 6 catastrophe by creating trust in elections and you can do it only you can do it Mahalo Joan for joining us and Mahalo to our viewers for tuning in we will be back with another edition of The Matrix of Peace Aloha


My name's Rina Savitello and I'm going to be a senior in material science engineering. My project deals with oil and water emulsions. They're mainly found on U.S. Navy vessels and these big ships take in a lot of water and oil and surfactants that come from soap and they found that there is a really large concentration of surfactants in bilge water. So it ranges from 10 parts per million to 2,500 parts per million. The surfactants are what help stabilize the emulsion and make it hard to separate and the whole point of filtering the bilge water emulsions is to separate the oil from the water so that they can skim off the oil before discharging that water into the ocean. I have several students doing semester research and Rina is one of them especially during the past spring semester and the advantage is the summer is that they have a lot more time to work on the period they can really concentrate. They're juggling a lot during the school year. They have exams, they have multiple classes and during the summer they can really concentrate. I feel like surf in general is giving me more opportunity just because they have extra seminars that we can go to that help develop our professional career. The mentorship comes not only with a faculty mentor but a graduate mentor as well and I've been working very closely with my graduate mentor and he's been helping me a lot but Professor Martinez my faculty member has been overseeing almost everything. Anything I submit I send to him prior and he'll look over it and edit it. We also meet every week and I show him weekly PowerPoints that I make and he'll make corrections or suggestions and then based on that I'll be able to convey my communication and data to people. I'm hoping to present my poster at another conference and to hopefully publish the paper that I'm writing. I think this will help me in applying to graduate school and for my professional career.


So I've been speaking for the last 18 months or so from my home on Zoom. So thank you, Michael, for the opportunity to come speak here and wear pants, because I haven't been wearing pants for a long time now. It's been an opportunity for me to really wear pants and speak. So just a quick way to sort of talk through what we do. So we are Jetstack, a company that sort of, you know, is behind the cert manager project for those who don't know or those who have been using cert manager for a long time. This is essentially a way for you to manage certificates within your OpenShift clusters, whether for your routes, whether for your ingresses, whether for your pods, whether for your mesh workloads, something that many of our customers have been using. Just as a little bit of a background, cert manager is an open source project, completely sort of, you know, being used by a large number of users, large number of organizations, many of you here in this room and also online probably use it. So something that we look forward for people to contribute also to extend and add more functionality. So Jetstack, like I said, is the company behind the cert manager project and over a period of, you know, the last couple of years we've added a lot of enterprise features that is very relevant to many of our OpenShift customers, especially many of our large banks that work very closely with us. And then today, I just want to sort of, you know, start with a little high level of, you know, what is that you get from cert manager? Basically a bunch of CRDs that allow you to create this certificate resource that automatically manages your certificate request with a CA that you configure, something that we refer to as an issuer. So you can have, you know, either a built-in issuer that comes in or an external issuer that you work with many other providers. The idea is that with this certificate request that manages the entire lifecycle, you have a way to manage X509 certificates and identities for all of the services and applications that are deployed in your cluster. That's essentially where sort of, you know, a lot of our organizations or a lot of the customers that we work with use it. But many of you know, there are a lot of places where certificates needs to be managed in Kubernetes. And in this session, which is a lightning round, I just wanted to sort of, you know, quickly take a little bit of time just talking mostly in the context of a service mesh. And the reason why I wanted to talk in the context of service mesh is, you know, majority of our OpenShift customers today are rolling out service mesh, either the Red Hat service mesh, which is a little, well, with Red Hat service mesh or also independently rolling out the service mesh directly from Istheop. Simple way, again, I don't want to bore you with this. You know what a service mesh is. There's a data plan, there's a proxy, there's data occurring across it. But the one important thing that we focus on is that catalog and ensuring that, you know, there is a mesh workload. Every mesh workload that you have is secured, is sort of, you know, identified with the SpiffySAN that is issued by and managed cert manager.  So there is a lot of need for ensuring, making sure that, you know, there is zero trust between every single component that is running within the cluster. Ingresses, securing ingress is one thing, but you know, also making sure that, you know, every single line of communication within your clusters are also secured. And basically you could say, all right, I got Istheop, got service mesh, it's got its built-in CA. Why do I need anything else? Because I get everything else, everything automatically with a service mesh because security is one of the three important things that a service mesh does. Fair question. One of the things that many of the enterprises that we work with wanna make sure is that the identity that is issued to the mesh workloads has its chain of trust established back to the CA that the organizations manage, the PKI teams manage, the InfoSex manage, because it's essentially the entire chain of trust that needs to be managed by the PKI team. So we have this project called Istheo CSR, the cert manager also has add-ons. Istheo CSR is one of the open source project again, basically built with the idea of making sure that all of your Istheo workloads and control plan components are secured using cert manager. Cert manager issuers that I talked about will sign and will deliver, will renew certificates, facilitating MGL as across the cluster. One of the, this is the important thing when I said that, why do I need anything else when I have Istheo? So cert manager essentially disables the Istheo at CA server and allows you to use cert manager with your CA, with the organization's PKI infrastructure that is in place to issue certificates and manage it. Automatic renewal obviously is built into cert manager and you get the benefit of automatically managing everything. And every time application is destroyed, kilpots, the private key material and all of the associated information about the secrets and everything is just gone. So that way, every time a new workload is deployed, you get new certificates that ties back to the organization's CA. So just secure is the enterprise offering that ties it all together. So like I mentioned, a lot of big organizations, especially enterprises, in addition to wanting cert manager support, enterprise support also work with us to manage their entire ecosystem of tools that they use within their OpenShift environments. Summary, just as a way to know Michael is looking at me and I'm gonna either run away from him with the mic and keep speaking or I'll have to give the mic back to him. One of those things will happen. But just as a way, we want your help, get engaged with us. We are on the Kubernetes Slack channel as cert manager, cert manager dev. There's a lot of people that sort of actively contribute. CS at Booth S52, that's where we are. We also have an after party, comes CS at the Booth and will tell you where, when, how, get drink with us. So looking forward to meeting with you all. Thank you so much. Thanks Michael.


That concludes the stage 3 debate on patient safety commissioner for Scotland Bill, and it's now time to move on to the next item of business, which is consideration of business motion 10623 in the name of George Adam on behalf of Parliamentary Bureau setting out a business programme, and I call on George Adam to move the motion. Thank you, Presiding Officer, you nearly caught me out there, but moved. Thank you. No member has asked to speak on the motion, and the question is that motion 10623 be agreed. Are we all agreed? Yes. The motion is therefore agreed. The next item of business is consideration of business motion 10624 in the name of George Adam on behalf of Parliamentary Bureau on stage 1 timetabling of a bill. Those of you who would like to speak against the motion should press their request to speak button now. I will now call on George Adam to move the motion. Once again moved, Presiding Officer. Thank you, Minister. No member has asked to speak against the motion, and therefore the question is that motion 10624 be agreed. Are we all agreed? Yes. ydw i ni gilydd. Ysbrydol tumbmi的 iawn adіл is consideration of parliamentary Bureau motion 10625 on annulment of an SSI. I ask Alexander Burnett on behalf of the parliamentary Bureau to move the motion. I prefer members of my register of interests regarding dear management, and I move a motion in my name, thank you. Thank you, Presiding Officer, and it's always nice to know when you can be short of breath in getting here on time. Dear management is a complex issue, and reducing dear numbers is not about culling males, it's about culling breeding females, and the breeding imperative of those females means that female deer will always find a male, and thus targeting males is futile. So the question on this motion that I've posed at the committee was, do we need this? Well, the Dears Scotland Act 1996 already allows for the control of deer out of season by regulation. We can do that to prevent damage to agricultural land, timber, natural heritage, and indeed for public safety. So it's there, we can do that. And every year, what's more, the Minister grants an automatic general authorization to control deer on improved agricultural land and enclosed woodland. No one has to apply for a licence, it's there to do that. And the Minister does that, and I should also remind members that not a single licence has been refused. So what will this SI mean? It basically means that every male deer will be a target from the day they're born to the day they die. It won't reduce the deer population by much, and it will mean deer are harried all year round. And what will happen to the deer they could kill late in the season when they're not fit for human consumption? Does this Parliament really forget the 86 stags that were left rotting on Noidot? Is that where we want to be? So my question to the Parliament is, who do you think will use... I'm sorry, but I only have three minutes, I would love if the Presiding Officer would give me more time, I'll take it. Am I allowed more time, Presiding Officer? We certainly have some time in hand. Alistair Allen. I thank the member very much for giving way. He is raising animal welfare issues. Does he not also concede that there are animal welfare issues associated with the overpopulation of deer numbers which we currently have and which this measure is seeking to address? I absolutely take that point, but it's not the welfare of those stags that I'm worried about. I'm worried about the stags that we're talking about shooting. The overpopulation can be controlled by good management, and that's what deer managers should be doing. And it's not deer managers that will be using this. It will be other people who aren't interested in the deer who will be using this SI. They're doing it to protect flora and fauna, which probably means eradicating deer in many cases. So let's talk about the welfare. What we're talking about is shooting stags all day, every day, or male deer. Random killing, no selection. What that means is if you're not selecting the stags, you will often see juveniles mating with their mothers or indeed their sisters. The dichotomy that this Parliament faces is that we try and protect things like rabbits, blue hares, beavers, all of which eat trees, and then in the same breath we go out and declare all our war on stags and male deer. I'm afraid that's just not balanced. So do we need a motion to annul? I don't believe we do. I think there's already sufficient scope in the legislation for proper deer management.  And just so the Parliament are aware, I had a petition of 1686 people in a matter of weeks who signed up and said they thought this was outrageous. So I ask the Parliament today to join me to support good deer management and not by approving an all-out war on them. I don't think that does the Parliament any good. Thank you. I call on Beatrice Wishart. Thank you, Presiding Officer. When this topic... Miss Wishart, if you could bear with me a moment. Sorry, Presiding Officer. I failed at the beginning of that speech to declare my register of interest that I own land with deer on it. And I would actually say, Presiding Officer, in accordance with the standards recommendation. I want to be completely clear. I have over 40 years of deer management experience across a quarter of a million acres of Scotland. I have seen over 30,000 deer killed in order to try and protect trees and woodland. I believe I know what management plans are. I've written them for private and public bodies. And I think I have an understanding about deer. And I still stress with the fact that I think we need to manage deer and not cull them by all-out war. Sorry, Presiding Officer. Thank you, Mr Mountain. It's not a point of order, but your declaration is now on the record and I call on Beatrice Wishart. Thank you, Presiding Officer. When this topic came up at the Rural Affairs and Islands Committee, I questioned the statistics about the growing population of deer. And I now understand that these are estimated to be at over one million. I also took the view, given the debate in committee about annulling the SSI, that the culling of male deer outwith the current close season required wider scrutiny. I've listened carefully to those with knowledge about deer management and considered closely the issues that have been raised. Some suggest that this would be an unnecessary change as general authorisations enable male deer to be culled year round on agriculture land and in enclosed woodland. And I've heard of the impact increasing numbers of deer are having on the environment and also in terms of native woodland trees and on peatland. There's also a view that the change could raise animal welfare concerns. The Scottish Animal Welfare Commission considered the change and found no associated animal welfare risks, providing normal requirement for high standards of public safety and animal welfare are adhered to. Under those circumstances, and having taken on board all the different views, Scottish Liberal Democrats will be voting against the annulment and will support the SSI today. The Scottish Animal Welfare Commission considered the change and found no associated animal welfare risks, providing normal requirement for high standards of public safety and animal welfare are adhered to. Thank you, and I call on Ariane Burgess. Thank you. Presiding Officer, while I speak in this chamber, we are accelerating even faster into a climate and nature emergency. We must stay focused on this challenge, unlike the Tory Government at Westminster, which today has unbelievably approved the largest untat oilfield in UK waters, Rosebank. The focus of this debate is improved deer management and this is a critical piece of the puzzle for tackling the climate and nature crisis. In Scotland, red deer numbers have risen from 155,000 in 1959 to around 1 million in 2020. It is not natural to have this many deer and it is not sustainable. Deer love to graze young treeshoots which seriously inhibits the growth of New Woodland. Woodland that we need for capturing carbon emissions and meeting our net zero commitments. Too many deer also cause damage to farmland and to other critical natural habitats in Scotland. Habitats that we need to allow other species to survive and nature to recover. Without getting deer back down to a sustainable level, we have no hope of reversing the climate and nature emergencies and Labour knows this. That is why their manifesto pledged to support the implementation of the deer working group recommendations including removing closed seasons for male deer. Ms Burgess, if I may ask you to pause for a moment. I would be grateful if conversations could cease. I appreciate it. The Tory's raised concerns about animal welfare. Nobody wants to kill healthy animals but if we do not rebalance our ecosystem, far more animals will suffer and many more species will go extinct. That is the fact of the matter and that is why the deer working group proposed this change which major animal welfare organisations also support. Deer stalkers have a very tough job, a key green job requiring skill and care. It is valued. These jobs will continue to be of the utmost importance long into the future. Scottish Environment Link asserts that achieving and maintaining lower deer numbers will lead to an increased demand for stalkers, not less. Further jobs and community wealth can be created by supporting more local processing units and shared larders for venison in rural communities. Stalkers are already culling almost half of all male deers culled out of season. It will not require anyone to start doing this. It will simply remove barriers for those who wish to continue culling deer in more months of the year, as in England and Wales and in line with our Government's essential focus on tackling the climate and nature emergencies, including meeting the climate targets which this Parliament brought into law. I urge members to vote against the motion to annul the deer and close season order. Thank you. I call on Lorna Slater to respond.  The evidence is clear that if we are serious about protecting our environment and restoring Scotland's forests, we must reduce the devastating damage caused by deer. The only effective way to do that is to bring down deer populations and to reduce deer densities. We have tried a range of methods over the last 50 years, yet the population is now double what it was 30 years ago. This growth is unsustainable and action must be taken. The proposed removal of male close seasons is one of the recommendations made by the Deer Working Group in 2020. As I set out to the Rural Affairs and Islands Committee a fortnight ago, that change is just one part of a wider package of changes to modernise deer management in Scotland. It will increase the tools available. Yes, I will take an intervention from Rhoda Grant. Concerns that with or without this legislation, stags will be shot out of season at a time when they are unfit for human consumption and it's incredibly wasteful at a time when people are suffering from malnutrition and depending on food banks. Will the minister take steps to ensure that this wasteful practice stops and develops a long-term strategy to keep deer numbers at sustainable levels while making sure that deer shot are part of the human food chain? I'm grateful to that intervention. We absolutely support the increase of use of venison, the increase of the venison market and I think that's something we can all work on together is how we get more of this venison, unfortunately we do need to call for environmental reasons into the food chain to make sure we do tackle hunger. This legislation that we're looking at tonight not only increases the tools available to land managers but it's to support deer management across the year but it provides more efficient and effective processes for control of deer by removing that administrative burden. It will allow land managers who wish to continue with a closed season of male deer on their land to continue to do so. As others have said on animal welfare we have taken the time over the last three years to review the evidence, consult with stakeholders and seek expert advice. These measures are part of a wider package of deer reforms that will deliver many benefits including native woodland expansion, protection and enhancement of peatlands and reducing human health and safety concerns. Since these recommendations were made by the deer working group, biodeversity crisis has only deepened and the evidence for the need for urgent action to manage our deer population has grown. I ask members to stand by their commitments, reject this motion and support our efforts to restore nature. The question on this motion will be put at decision time. The next item of business is consideration of parliamentary bureau motion 10626 on approval of an SSI. I ask George Adam on behalf of the parliamentary bureau to move the motion. Part of the purpose of this instrument is to permit the use of night sights for the taking or killing of deer. The objective is to increase the tools available to land managers when undertaking deer management by supporting the use of a wider range of firearms which may be more readily available to those who are managing land for a range of purposes and to support culling efforts at all times of the day and night. There is no doubt that control is essential of Scotland to reach its biodiversity and nature goals. The legislation will assist in adding an additional tool to the toolbox of those controlling deer at night, but I have significant concerns about the safeguards that the legislation lacks in relation to animal welfare and public safety. Practitioners responsible for managing our deer population felt that they had little time to go on to the consultation and their overall response was generally negative. The Scottish Gamekeepers Association does not support the measures to which, in their view, would lead to night shooting becoming more of a norm in Scotland. In relation to animal welfare concerns, research by the Royal Dick Vet School found that culling by rifle at night was the least effective method in placing a shot that would quickly kill a deer. That legislation would mean that a single authorisation for NatureScot is to allow the use of the lamping and the use of night sights. It does not require people to have experience and to be a bigger partner. It does require people to have experience and to be on the fit and competent register. However, there is no differential in the experience in using lamping and the use of night sights, which requires a different skillset, training and different equipment. Operators not experiencing night sights could potentially be prevented from using the legislation to undertake other forms of culling at night, including lamping, which they are currently authorised to do. NatureScot did not recommend that further training be required or any need for additional assessment of an operator's ability to competently cull using night sights. The legislation or guidance fails to stipulate or specify a minimum standard of scope, which would ensure the highest standard of animal welfare and public safety. The bill does not require appropriate and proportionate licensing or even mandatory training. Finally, I do not accept that there are no animal welfare implications of those provisions. Laws are regularly passed in this place enhancing the protection of wildlife and it is absolutely bizarre that Lorna Slater wants to remove safeguards, which would potentially lead to deer being harried and hunted 24 hours a day, 365 days a day, 365 days a year with no additional training or licensing requirements. Surely this is not a good look and indeed goes against all this Parliament's efforts to improve animal welfare. This Government's approach after many years of inadequate intervention appears to be a declare to declare all out war against an iconic deer population with very little regard to animal welfare. This is not a position that I am willing to support. This Government needs to rethink this unfortunate and potentially dangerous approach to deer control. Permitting the use of night sites and increasing access to non-led ammunition by reducing the minimum ammunition weight for shooting deer will support land managers to better manage deer. Scotland's deer population has doubled since 1990, causing significant environmental damage and must be addressed urgently if we are to tackle the climate and nature emergencies. Those measures, as discussed previously, are part of a wider programme that is aimed at doing just that. They also fulfil the recommendations made by the independent deer working group in 2020, which most parties in this chamber have endorsed. We have fully considered the potential implications prior to bringing forward these recommended changes. NatureScot completed trials into both recommendations and published reports on their findings. Through these trials, there have been adverse impacts on deer welfare. Edward Mountain. Sorry, Mr Mountain, if you wouldn't mind beginning again as your microphone wasn't on. Sorry, Presiding Officer. Thank you for confirming NatureScot carried out trials. Could you confirm they carried out trials shooting at night with thermal images and lighter weight bullets or was it during daytime? Minister. I think that both of the bits of legislation that we are bringing, both the night sites and with the lighter weight ammunition, because they are attacking slightly different issues and no welfare issues were shown. With respect to the night sites, the current practice is to use lamps to see the deer and manage them at night. These new technologies allow this to continue and there was no additional welfare concerns raised through the use of these new technologies. We also saw the views of animal welfare experts through the Scottish Animal Welfare Commission who found no issue with these proposals. Shooting deer at night is a widely used and essential part of deer management. As we look to step up our deer management efforts, it is vital that deer managers who are authorised to shoot at night have the best technology available at their disposal. The use of night sites will allow for longer deer shooting hours, especially in the winter months and during the following operations. Deer can only be shot at night under strict authorisation from NatureScot and deer managers must prove they are fit and competent. This means that they must undertake training and achieve a recognised qualification. They must also meet all of the usual requirements to carry a firearm and comply with the night shooting code of practice. NatureScot's report was clear that there are no additional training requirements above those already in place for deer managers to use one of these sites rather than the traditional use of a lamp for night shooting. The proposal to reduce the minimum ammunition weight to shoot deer will make non-led ammunition more accessible. That removes a significant barrier for deer managers at the moment and will reduce the amount of toxic lead in our environment. Furthermore, many venison retailers are insisting on a supply of lead-free venison products and we want to maximise the venison that makes its way with NatureScot's review, which found that those changes to bullet-weights would have no detrimental effect on deer welfare. There is no reason for this barrier to remain. Thank you Presiding Officer. Thank you. And the question on this motion will be put at decision time. The next item of business is consideration of parliamentary Bureau motion 10627 on approval of an SSI and I ask George Adam on behalf of the Parliamentary Bureau to move the motion. Thank you Presiding Officer and I move. Rwyfwng Eglagffarr, gyn lyf ar y cyflwynedd Ysgolaf Gwyrdd, ac mae'r cyfleu, chi'n gwneud i cyflwynedd yw beth yw Llywodraeth, yn beth yw'r clyweddol? Gynnyddio yr Ysgolaf Gwyrdd gymaerchol Ieigwyrd ein cyflwynedd mewn gael Gwyrdd yn cyffredinol wedi ymlaenu, ac mae'r cyflwynedd gwyrdd yn cyflwynedd Rhoeddi'r Cyflwynydd. Ar gyflwynedd, gyfo'r Cyflwyneddдau ysgolaf gwyrdd, sy'n ddifol cael y cyflwynedd a ddweud dim yn gweithio dddangosach ar fy rhai ddechreu, ond rydyn ni'n rydyn ni'n dwygr ddweud, neu ydych yn eu cynnem hon i gan ddag'i duodd, i'n du tyfnio gyda'r cyfrifio sydd wedi'u ei personality o gwbl i'r ddesod. Felly, mae'r cyfrifio, i ddiwedd ddysgu'r cyfrifio, yn ei ddysgu'r cyfrifio wedi ddeghwydu i'r gweithio i hyd i'r cyfrifio i ddiaddemu eich pryd ac yn roeddiwch ei ddysgu'r cyfrifio The issue here is the ideology underpinning freeports and particularly the corporate tax breaks that they provide. It's that of trickle-down economics and the Scottish Greens can't subscribe to that. The key selling point for the freeports is the impressive-sounding number of jobs that they would create. Studies show that when the UK tried this approach in the 80s, four in ten of those jobs were just displaced from elsewhere, increasing regional inequality. As a west of Scotland MSP, I'm concerned that the fourth freeport in particular will only worsen the challenges that we face of depopulation and sluggish growth in wages across the west coast, while the east sees both substantial population and wage growth. Most of what's involved in setting up the freeports is reserved, but there are levers within the Scottish Government's power that have not been used here, including to exclude any entity based in an offshore tax haven from accessing LBTT relief. We legislated for this before with Covid business relief in this Parliament, so what would have prevented a ban on tax dodgers accessing this tax break? It is within devolved competencies. We know from freeports elsewhere in Europe that businesses that operate from tax havens are attracted to this kind of operating model, because, after all, what else are freeports other than many tax havens? There's a significant reputational risk to Scotland here, particularly considering the findings of the European Commission's report entitled money laundering and tax evasion risks in freeports. The EU is cracking down on freeports due to what it described as a high instance of corruption, tax evasion and criminal activity, but Brexit Britain is taking the opposite approach, setting up new freeports all over the UK. I recognise the Scottish Government's commitment to fair work, but in this case, in the case of freeports, it is just language and encouragement and guidance. There are no binding commitments to ensure that the companies adhere to fair work principles or clear consequences if they do not. I recognise the Government's in a difficult position because this policy is ultimately being driven by the UK Government, but devolution exists for the purpose of creating divergence where we believe that that is necessary. I do not think that the opportunity to do that has been taken in this instance. For all the reasons that I've outlined, as well as the objections raised by trade unions, environmental groups and communities, the Scottish Greens opposed this instrument. My appearance at the Finance and Public Administration Committee earlier this month set out the rationale of this particular tax relief in relation to supporting the wider green freeport programme by encouraging investment in and regeneration of underdeveloped areas. LBETT relief is a targeted relief that will apply in tightly drawn locations and only to those businesses that meet the relief conditions. Together with significant capital investment, relief aims to help to facilitate the creation of a large number of high-quality, fair and green jobs, support the development of a renewable sector and help to accelerate Scotland's transition, just transition, to net zero. Thank you. The question on this motion will be put at decision time. I am minded to accept a motion without notice under rule 11.2.4 of standing orders that decision time be brought forward to now, and I invite the Minister for Parliamentary Business to move the motion.