My name is Tunekelam, I am from Estonia and I've been representing Estonia in the European Parliament for the last 10 years. The Central and Eastern European Nations joined the European Union, it was in 2004. Then we realised how inadequate the knowledge about what happened behind the iron curtain in Eastern and Central Europe, how inadequate this knowledge was in the Western Europe and in Southern Europe. And we also realised that many more crimes against humanity happened in the 20th century just in the Eastern part of Europe. And as we were now united, then it was a very obvious need to unite also our historic memories, our understandings of history. And this is what we try to do, just to address the injustice, the crimes which have been done in the other part of Europe. We succeeded in adopting a resolution in April 2009 which was called Totalitarian European Conscience and Totalitarianism. And we tried to address the problems and the victims of all totalitarian systems in Europe. This resolution was broad based because we needed support of the majority of members of parliament and I think it's a good start. This 23rd of August was part of 2009 resolution to commemorate the 23rd of August which was the day of 1939 of Hitler's turning pact, cooperation pact. As a symbolic day to honour, to commemorate all victims of all different totalitarian systems in Europe. We couldn't accept this resolution without expanding it also to Franco regime in Spain. And then the Greek dictatorships, I think all these were covered by the resolution. I think it's just the beginning. Four years ago we adopted this resolution but still about half a dozen European states marked this 23rd of August. Estonia was the first because Estonian parliament immediately adopted a similar decision. Estonian government followed suit and in August 2009 in the same year we started our celebration. It started with a very impressive concert in an old naval factory which was restored as a temporary concert hall but it was symbolic. And a requiem by a Russian American composer, Amarba, who lives in New York was performed. Composed on the words of Anna Akhmatova, the famous Soviet time poet, who described already installing time or these crimes and tragedies in her poetry. This was very impressive. It was not on national level, it was done on international level. For the last four years many members of the European parliament have been pushing or putting pressure on the European Commission to come forward and provide support. It was not very difficult to convince the European Commission to collaborate and to assist. The question is about money, the quantity of money but already some programs have started to move on. And we are monitoring the preparations for the European History House. My good friend Hansger Pöttering, who was some years ago president of the European parliament, led the process and he is still leading the supervisory council of the History House. But we are keeping our eye on it so that it could be imbalanced and representative exhibition. The main pillar upon the European Union is built is solidarity, equality and feeling togetherness. And that's why we can't achieve these goals if we don't care about the history, about the fate of our neighbours who have become now our official neighbours. Even if they live more far away like countries of Northern and Eastern Europe. But I think that's why the European Parliament is so important. Because European Parliament brings representatives from 28 countries every week together from all over Europe, not depending on distance. And we can exchange information, we can contact each other, we can initiate joint projects, seminars, hearings, all what we need. And I'm very happy that I have several Spanish friends who are interested, who support this and have expressed their solidarity. I don't remember it very well, but I think there were problems also of equal assessment on both sides. Because just recently I read that on so-called Republican side at least 6,000 priests were murdered. Some of them even before Franco started his mutiny. And then the Republican side was clearly associated with the Soviet Union and then Communism, who supported them with weapons. And then the Communist International who sent their volunteers to the Spanish Civil War. So I think this is a very, very complex problem and you can't see it only in black and white. History has been typically manipulated. And I think our task is to try to integrate all European history in a balanced way. And in this process to overcome also our national historic prejudices, to rise higher from our national standpoints based on national history. We tend to regard some other nations as our enemies or in a different way. And I think the morale could be that every nation has very much positive and every nation has also committed something not so very positive. There are no ideal nations or states. Everyone has made something maybe wrong also. And now being together on equal level in the same organization, we have ideal opportunity just to overcome our national framework and raise to the awareness of all European history. But that supposes also developing interest towards our neighbors and towards those nations who are even more far away. That was why I started more than five years ago in a project which was ended, resulted in a book, Reunification of Europe, which is now published in Spanish. It is a first book where latest histories of ten post-communist nations who are now have become members of the European Union have been presented in one volume. Reunification of Europe, that was my initiative. It was supported by my political group, European People's Party. And this has now been translated into six more languages. These include French, German, Polish, Slovenian, Romanian and the last one was Spanish. Yes, I inspired this rich American couple to support the idea of building a museum instead of scholarships. And they accepted this and made it possible. But the problem is that the state is supporting this museum now. The idea was that private donators would build the museum and then give it over to the state. The museum is still controlled by a private supervisory council. But this includes also representative from the Ministry of Culture. And the salaries and the current expenditure comes from the state budget. We started our restoration of independence process by just by very much in commemorating the dates, the tragic dates. Like we have two dates marking depotations. One was the first depotations which took place on 14th of June 1941. And the other after the second Soviet depotation took place in 1949 or on 25th of March. And already under the Soviet Union when there was more liberalization, we started first of all to commemorate these events and bring flowers and restore the monuments. We still need a national monument memorial to the tens of thousands of victims of Stalinism. We started our first political meeting in 1987 with the appeal to the participants. That to give their signatures of support to this idea to build a memorial to the victims of Stalinism. And now the government has given its support. Our citizens' organizations, those of political prisoners are demanding that this should include the names of all those who are available, all names written on this monument, like it is in Washington DC, those who have died in Vietnam or Korea. And the government has not yet decided, but I think they have to follow this demand. My personal memories were an interesting fight to retain your integrity and to develop independent thinking. Because the totalitarian society asks you to follow only one model and only one way of thinking and to make it easier to you. Totalitarian dictatorship deprives you of all alternatives, independent press. We had no international press in Estonia. We had no foreign TV broadcasts. Our only channel to the west was Finnish radio. Finnish is close to Estonia. It is easier to learn. I started by listening to the Finnish radio and then I started to listen to BBC, English language broadcasts. So BBC became my home radio and main source of information for 30 years. And my mentality, my thinking developed based on discussions and style and tone of BBC. We had some communist papers which were allowed to Estonia, only communist papers. So I started to learn French to read Lemanite. It became soon disgusting. So I looked for something better. Then I found Italian unit Unita, which was really better. It was much more objective, much more informative. Then I read many Polish papers because Polish weeklies like Politica were the most informative in the Soviet system. They had a bit more press freedom. I followed events in Poland, strikes which took place in the 60s and 70s. I translated this information into Estonia and spread it in a limited way of course. But we followed very keenly Solidarnoist movement and I remember I translated hundreds of pages of Polish information into Estonian. I had small groups of intellectuals. We gathered, we exchanged information. Before that in 1972 we came to the idea that we should send a message out of Estonia to the West about situations here. Because officially it was so that 99.9% of population in the case of elections voted for the only list of candidates. There was one list of candidates that of communist party candidates. And we could doubt in it because often it looked like it was not 99%, maybe it was less than 90%. But there was no problem of falsifying the results anyway. So I started with first voting against. We never heard in the results that somebody had voted against. They ignored it but for my feeling, my personality it was important. Because I can say that having lived in the Soviet Union for half a century I have never officially supported the system. I almost voted against or then I started to boycott the elections. And this fight for personal dignity and credibility I think this was most important in the totalitarian system. Because you can't resist by arms. We couldn't do it anymore in the beginning from 1950s. But what one always can do is to distance yourself from official lies. It was Solzhenitsyn who wrote a famous booklet, Let's Live Without Lying. And he pointed very well out that every dictatorship is based upon two pillars. One is we know this is violence, brutal repression of all the opposition. But the other pillar is lies. Because you can't live with sheer violence for much longer. You need to justify your violence, your dictatorship in some way. And for that you need official lies. And this, the second pillar, the pillar of lies is most vulnerable. Because lies are very sensitive thing. And you should start first as Solzhenitsyn suggested but I had been doing this much earlier already. To distance yourself from official lies. Not to participate in them, not to support them. And then to live a different life as much as possible. It was not possible 100%. But at least you developed your personality. And this is a challenge to any totalitarian system. To have a number of citizens who don't care, who don't believe, who retain different values. And finally we came to the conclusion that we had two small underground groups. Estonian National Front and Estonian Democratic Movement. It was after Prague Spring, after that in Moscow emerged the first human rights groups. And so we decided to send a letter to the West. So they trusted it to me. We had United Nations Charter and the main pact on human rights just translated into Estonian. So we based this document strictly on international law. Proceeding from the fact that Estonia has been independent state, recognized by world communities. That we were members of the League of Nations, a European United Nations before the war. That we have been deprived of independence by Soviet Nazi pact and Soviet invasion. We asked United Nations for support to evacuate the Soviet occupation troops and provide help to organize free elections. Two extremist demands at that time, because there was no chance to meet them. But the point was not to get an answer, but we addressed it to the United Nations Secretary General, Kurt Waldheim. But the point was to let the western public opinion know that it's not the case that 100% or 99.9% of Estonian population supports the communist regime. That there are people who think in a different way and who are there to demand restoration of independence, which is rightful thing under international law. And so it came that despite the fact that five of us were arrested, that a couple of hundreds of people were house searched and fired.  We prepared it in 1972, but the reaction followed two years later because it took time to smuggle this letter out of Estonia. I was on the verge of arrest. Two people testified that I had prepared this document and explained it to the memorandum. I denied it. It was just after Helsinki Conference in 1975 when Brezhnev had signed for the first time to human rights commitments to the third basket. And then they were more cautious about repressions. They had to prove, you know. And I was during half a year in a very interesting situation. After every two weeks I was called into secret police headquarters. They looked for new witnesses and new proof. They had no material proof. I was cautious enough. But the two people testified against me. I denied. That was one to one. And then finally it ended that my supervisor, the KGB Colonel, told me that now we will end this, this process. And speaking in supportive terms, you won and I lost. Because I am absolutely convinced that you were the root of this evil. You did it, but we could not prove. So I was happy that I just lost my job, but I was not arrested. And the following period, about ten years, I worked as a night shift worker in a huge chicken farm, state-owned chicken farm. Why night worker? Because it was the best place for an intellectual to have much time, much free time. I worked fifteen hours shift during the night alone. I was most independent as one could be. And then I had two days free or I worked for two nights and then I had four days free. And salary better than civil servants. And I continued, of course, my underground activity. I mediated information between the West and the Soviet Union, letting the West know about human rights violations, about ecology, about all the problems. And we got from the West information so it became a regular exchange of information. And so I continued until I participated as a first open-air political demonstration in 1987, 23rd of August, a significant day. More at the Reventor Pact anniversary. When three thousand people who came, who ventured to come together, despite the threat of arrests and just KGB troops intervening and shooting you, they asked not for independence, we asked for truth. What happened on 23rd of August, 1939? Because we knew that in secret protocols of Reventor Pact, Hitler and Stalin divided Europe between themselves. And the Baltic states of Finland fell into the Stalin's interest zone. But it was not publicly admitted. So we are just presenting the demand. We want to know what happened. So this demand was presented and the result was, within one year, even Gorbachev managed to find in Kremlin archives authentic copies in Russian of the secret protocols. First he denied, no, no, no, there's nothing like that. But the pressure increased and finally he admitted, yes, there are protocols. And these protocols clearly show that Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians did not join the Soviet Union voluntarily. It was the result of two dictators and we were occupied. That was, we are not legally married to Moscow. Consequently, we don't even need a legal divorce. We just want to become free as soon as possible. And this was a most important moral and political boost because people now became, they realized that we have right to become independent again. Estonia was a very interesting laboratory, how to develop alternative democratic structures still under dictatorship. Dictatorship became more relaxed, but the KGB was there. We had in a country with 1.5 million population all the time over 100,000 Soviet troops. 100,000, one for every 15 civilians all the time. This demonstrated how much the Soviet government trusted the Estonians. I was one who started the first non-communist political party in the Soviet Union. Its name was Estonian National Independence Party, the name told all. It was a program, National Independence. This was not suppressed and this broke the taboo because people were used for half a century that there was only one political party. The other people don't be involved in politics, otherwise you'll be shot or arrested. But now we started it and the result was mushrooming of political parties during the second half of 1988. And there were immediately national independence parties formed in Latvia, in Georgia, in Tatarstan. Then we created the alternative transition time parliament, which was called Congress of Estonia. We organized elections in 1990 and this parliament was authorized as it was elected by legal Estonian citizens. Not ethnic Estonians only, but legal citizens who were citizens in Estonia Republic, which was occupied in 1940 and their descendants. We had national agreement, national unity agreement between official Soviet parliament and the Congress of Estonia. Which was based on the understanding of Congress of Estonia that is legal continuity of Estonia Republic. The same republic that was occupied, not new one. And so we agreed that we should proceed in creating a constitutional assembly which was elected half and half. Half members selected from the Supreme Soviet, half from the Congress of Estonia. It prepared a new constitution by spring 1992. Then we had first democratic elections in September 1992 and based upon this constitution was adopted by referendum in summer 1992. And then we had first elections in September 1992 and then the legal state power that democratic republic was restored. This is the same problem. They have not got no political assessment, no political verdict for their collaboration with actually communist party. Proved to be a criminal party responsible for mass murders and crimes against humanity. And they just sneaked out of the party and many get hold of state enterprises when they were privatized into politics and then this is our handicap. Not only Estonia, practically in all countries of Eastern Europe. We ended with 90% of people registered participating and 32 parties and movements taking part, 32 parties already. In the elections to the first Estonian parliament in 1992, I think there were several parties but I think seven parties got in. We have just a competition of these projects for a national monument. And I think our director, Katri Vires, could advise you. Because we had an exhibition of these projects here in the museum.


So, IBS is one of the most common digestive diseases that I see today in my clinic. And I think, you know, conventional care does a good job of differentiating it into a few distinct types. But I thought I would share it from a Chinese medicine perspective, what it actually is, and what's going on within the body. Hey guys, Dr. Alex Hain, Chinese medicine doctor, acupuncturist and author of the health book, Master of the Day. So I've included two very important links below this video. The first is if you'd like to become a patient with my locally or online via telemedicine, you can reach out to me at my clinic below. And the second is for a free download, which is four daily rituals that can help you out of years to your life with traditional Chinese medicine. So those are both right below. So I thought I would share some of the diagnostic criteria according to the Mayo Clinic on what actually constitutes and makes up IBS. So there are two things that I very much agree with that make a lot of sense differentiating the kinds of IBS. So the first thing they say is that the room criteria, which is basically criteria including abdominal pain, discomfort lasting on average at least one day a week in the last three months associated with at least two of these factors, pain and discomfort related to defecation, the frequency of defecation is altered or stool consistency is altered. So then the Mayo Clinic further goes into breaking down the types of IBS and they say that basically it's either constipation predominant, diarrhea predominant, or a mixed type. Now the reason that I share this here is because it's very similar actually to how we tategorize it in the Chinese medicine field verbally and I want to share what those are in my experience. So really the two main types that I see clinically of IBS, which is again a Western diagnosis or a biomedical diagnosis, are really what I think of as cold type IBS and then mixed type IBS. So the cold type that we'll call tie-in is typically found in people who feel colder, are more pale faced, more of like an anemic type. They generally have much more loose tools in general. They often have a tendency towards lower appetite, bloating, getting a food baby and food sensitivities. So that is most often what I see as the cold type IBS. And the reason why it's important to differentiate because those people are prone to certain genetic weaknesses. They have a certain tendency. And for those people, a lot of the formulas we use are formulas that warm and improve the circulation in the digestive system. So I see that these kinds of people often have issues with anxiety, sometimes depression, and sometimes insomnia. But in general, the big differentiator is that they are colder types. Now the second type is really the mixed type. So this is what we would call Xiaoyang or Yangming IBS. And what that means is that the presentation here is that the person has a constitution, they have a genetic body type that expresses more heat. So they're more predisposed to having acne on their face, towards having a red flushed face. They're feeling hotter usually, or they report feeling a normal body temperature. Or at the very least, they're generally warmer than the people around them. And it's very different from the cold type because the cold type always remarks that they feel cold. Now this type often has, they can have hard stools, and they often have mixed stools. So they may also experience bloating and food sensitivities. But the difference here is that they have hard stools that can then alternate with soft stools, depending on really what they eat, and depending on what's going on in their life. So these are really essential to know because number one, if you know kind of your genetic predisposition, you know basically your body type, are you on the more cold side, more hot side? That can help predict which kind of this IBS pattern you have. It's also important because if you give someone who has the hot type IBS, these warming herbs, or they consume like a lot of ginger and cinnamon, it can make some of their symptoms worse, while some of their symptoms better. So that kind of thing is great for the cold type, more ginger, cinnamon, the oatmeal, more warming drinks, that kind of thing. But for the other type, it may worsen some of their symptoms. So generally speaking, those are two of the biggest types of IBS that I see clinically. All right, you guys, that's what I have for today. Again, if you'd like to become a patient of mine locally or online via telemedicine, check out the link below this video, which is for my clinic and contact info. There's also a free guide, which is for daily rituals to help you add years to your life with traditional Chinese medicine. You can check those both out below. And then before you go, I have two related videos here.


Hey everyone! So in this video I will be sharing my newest realization, discovery, vision that was inspired by all the feedback I received expressing my thoughts about my new direction and before I start getting into it I just wanted to say I'm super excited about it and I want to get your feedback about this new discovery and I hope you will like it as much as I do but before I get there I quickly wanted to say thank you so much for having faith and having the open mind in us to check in the new channel and to check what's happening here and to give it a shot I really appreciate that. So usually when I bump into a problem I often think that the first step is to define the problem itself. In my opinion defining the problem is a big part of the solution because when you know what it is it's much easier to pinpoint what you can do about it. So the issue that I bumped into personally was that while I am alive I want to make sure that I have as huge of a positive impact on the people around me and the people basically in this world that I can and I know that the martial arts journey the recent actually actions and situations allow me to see that it actually already started doing that a lot of people are positively touched by the martial arts journey but the issue for me is that that journey is specifically interesting only to people who are doing martial arts and as you know I decided to continue that journey but I also want to make sure that again while I'm alive that I would touch the people outside of martial arts as well but the question is how to create that positive influence in their lives without the subject of martial arts. So as you know I tried some few different videos and it basically didn't work out as well as I thought it will but that actually was a good example of pressure testing and the challenge that I came across is the question of how can you positively influence or inspire people without becoming a self-help guru without becoming the top to bottom where I know the answers and I will tell you the answers and you just listen to me which I'm actually personally I'm against myself and I definitely don't want to be that guy who does that. As I was deeply considering this feedback that I got from people about the self-help guru thing suddenly the answer dawned on me. What if instead of telling people what to do the vision and the goal would be to empower people to find the answers themselves. Interestingly enough the martial arts journey has already done that on the martial arts level. The whole process was about questioning my martial art, questioning my life and coming to better results and I feel that that inspired others to do the same with their martial arts even if the martial art was different they had the opportunity to apply the same method on into their own situation and make their own decisions instead of me telling them what to do. Personally when I started applying the questioning method to my aikido the process also started becoming evident in everything else that I did in yoga and meditation and the food that I choose and the training that I choose and my beliefs and my values and had and that all had a tremendous effect on my life that also gave me the ability to take in one of my what I call considered to be my superpowers is the ability to listen into people's feedbacks so instead of saying no you're wrong question and ask maybe there's something right about that and again that was a huge benefit. So what I'm slowly coming in to say is what if we would take the same process of the martial arts journey and we would apply it to all aspects of life and we would aim for inspiring people to do the same what if we could inspire people to pressure test not only their martial arts but also their beliefs their values their life decisions their decisions that they make in relationships their fears and personal development that could even grow one more step further into bigger systems such as at the educational systems politics or various systems outside of martial arts such as yoga fitness or any other field now granted there are people who I know that already are doing that well first of all math working is very capable of doing that in martial arts and sometimes he does talk about that aspect of questioning outside of martial arts one of the community members of sbg if now famous person peter burgosian who I had the pleasure to meet he's a university professor who is educating people on the ability to to question and to pressure test your ideas outside of martial arts and part of my realization and inspiration comes from taking inspiration from their work yet why shouldn't we continue and grow upon their work why not encourage the process of questioning even more just because someone else is doing it on a certain level doesn't mean that we shouldn't do it every person reaches their own unique audience and through the process of youtube and the experience and abilities that I learned of being a youtuber there is a chance to reach even more people and inspire them to consider the method of questioning and pressure testing in their lives so now the next natural question is obviously how to best do that of how to inspire people to try out the question method and the pressure testing method in the various aspects of their life and the first thing I want to say about that it's again coming back to pressure testing what I mentioned in the previous video where I responded to people's feedback it's a process of trial and error you can't just come up with the best idea possible without trying failing and learning from it this discovery is already born from listening into feedback trying failing and discovering something brand new the martial arts journey channel as well it didn't start out from where it is right now I tried many different things until I found what really matters and what's the best approach to reach people with my journey so it will take effort it will take attempts trying experimenting and finding the best way and it will take time but it's important to start doing to start trying and usually I find the best way is to start by the things which are already accessible to you and the ideas that you already have and to see how they work and bounce from them so the first few ideas that I personally have is obviously first of all to share my own journey on this question to share my stories and to share my experience of how questioning has helped me but obviously not everyone is interested to just listen to me speaking so so we have to look at expanded ways and another feedback I got from people is that usually people are inspired by examples by action and I think that's a correct thought and one of the ideas I have on the action level is obviously not only to document my journeys and how I applied questioning various aspects of my life but also to directly pressure test various ideas and methods and that's a limitless pool of possibilities so for example pressure testing various forms of fitness of meditation of yoga pressure testing ideas and beliefs pressure testing my personal fears pressure testing various diets it's an endless limitless pool and I feel that showing directly how those are pressure tested and what result you can get from them those could be not only interesting videos to watch but also great examples to show how it's done and how it can benefit your life and the last idea that I have is also to include other people and various people's stories of how questioning various aspects of their life has impacted their own evolution personally I would be very interested and inspired to hear stories of how the of how various people applied questioning successfully into the education system maybe even into politics although I'm not big on politics just to let you know or maybe how somebody questioned their program of fitness or questioned their business ideas questioned their decisions and what changes did that make so again until we will try that out in practice and until I will publish those videos it's difficult to say whether it's going to have the desired effect but again that's what the journey is about it's about trying failing and learning I'm starting to sound like a broken record I guess so I think it's an essential process to go through and personally I think we're onto something big here and while it may take time until this new journey will start working but you know I have a deep feeling that this direction could potentially have a big positive impact on more than just the world of martial arts so as I said before I'm really excited to include you in this process and do this together so if you have any feedback or ideas about what I'm saying help me pressure test this let me know if you see some inherent problems in this direction let me know what doubts you have or suggestions I'm very interested to listen to it and to reflect about it and the very last thing before I go what I wanted to definitely mention is trust me I'm also questioning my outfit and by no means I am willing to drop this idea but I did start seeing some mistakes that I made in donning this outfit and I'm already coming to some conclusions how to make some changes about it so it wouldn't make such a big controversy and it would make more sense why I'm wearing it but I'll let you know about that more later in the future so one more time thank you for joining me on this journey I hope it's going to be interesting to you and I hope you're excited as I am so if anything goes according to plan you'll soon enough start to see the first examples of what I introduced right now and until that happens I will see you in the next training


Wagner chief offered to give Russian troop locations to Ukraine. The head of the Wagner mercenary forces offered to help Ukraine by giving up Russian troop locations if Kiev, withdraw its forces from Bakhmut, leaked Pentagon documents suggest. Yevgeny Prigozhin in January said he would tell the intelligence service the positions of Vladimir Putin's soldiers, the Washington Post reported, citing the leaked Pentagon papers. Ukraine rejected the offer amid distrust of Prigozhin. Prigozhin's offer was made via his contacts in Ukraine's intelligence service, according to the reported documents. The leaks did not detail which Russian positions the Wagner chief was offering to disclose to Ukraine. According to one document, Prigozhin told a Ukrainian intelligence officer that the Russian military was struggling with ammunition supplies. He advised Ukrainian forces to push forward with an assault on the border of Crimea, which Russia has illegally annexed while Russian troop morale was low. The private military organization's leader has also reached out to the Ukrainian intelligence directorate, known as HUR. Several times during the course of the war, the Washington Post report said, citing two Ukrainian officials. One document based on SIGINT, or Intercepted Communications, states that Ukraine's military intelligence chief, Kyrolo Budanov, expected the Russians to use details of Prigozhin's secret talks with the HUR and his meetings with their officers in Africa to make him appear to be a Ukrainian agent. It doesn't specify whether Budanov suspects Moscow may already know that Prigozhin is talking to HUR officers. In an audio message posted by his press service on Telegram, Yevgeny Prigozhin called the allegations nonsense and suggested that unnamed residents of Moscow's Rublyovka suburb, home to many of the business and political elite, were orchestrating an attack on him. Prigozhin also denied having met Kyrolo Budanov, head of Ukrainian military intelligence in an unnamed African country, saying he had not been in the continent since the start of the Ukraine conflict and portraying the idea of a phone call with him as laughable.


Now, I'd like to ask my colleague from WIDA to load the presentation that has been pre-recorded by our colleague, Finoreo Castigo, who is representing the Mozambique team. My name is Finoreo Castigo, I'm a member of the National Mozamo team. This presentation uses Mozamo to make a simulation model for Mozambique, to estimate the impact of spreading the bulk social subset program BSSP to reach more eligible households on poverty and inequality. And this poll's brief was drawn up by experts from various institutions, including the National Institute of Statistics, the National Institute of Social Action, and the Ministry of Economy and Finance. The database used for this simulation is the I of 2014. Here are the main points we'll try to cover in this presentation. What I want to do in this presentation, or in this poll's brief, we'll work on that, is to reach 28% of the vulnerable population is a target set in the government's five year programs, PQG 2020 and 2044. So the BSSP covers 404,246, that is mean 16% of all households covered by social protection in Mozambique. So BSSP and the Puritive Social Action Program passed, and the Red Social Program passed, these three programs, the current covers rate 2022 in by social protection program is 22%. So our assumption for reaching 28% of households who is poverty is spending, you'll be the special of the main base social protection program BSSP. This program, BSSP has been implemented in Mozambique since 1995, is a long-term cash transfer for labor constrained households, and for the people eligible is the people living in extreme poverty, and the household in the following situation are eligible if that household have the help of people, disabled people or people with current or generative disease, which should be between zero and two years of age, who are more large, and they have already had by children all with orphaned and vulnerable children. The table shows the current amounts that the beneficiary received and the purpose presented be the National Institute for Social Action, the amounts to be received depends on the number of female members in the household, where a household with a single member receives 500 and 40 meter cash, and if there are five members in the household, they currently receive 1,000 meter cash, and that is the current amounts, and we have how the Enash proposes for, for, to receive the new amount to receive the household with poor poverty. So we simulated in this pulse brief four scenarios. The first one, to reaching the 20% of household living below of the poverty line, we expand the bay SSP with the current amount of transfer, and in scenario two, we try reaching the 20% of household living below the poverty line, by expanding the bay SSP with transfer amounts adjusted to Enash proposes for the year 2022. To scenario three, we try to reach the 100% of eligible households, regardless of whether they are below the poverty line or not, but by expanding the bay SSP with the current transfer amounts. For scenario four, we try to reach the 100% of eligible households, regardless of whether they are below the poverty line or not, by expanding the bay SSP with the transfer amounts adjusted to Enash proposes for 2022. Our works, they give that results. To reach 28% of households in scenario one, the government will need an additional 1,306 thousand 530 net cash, which would bring with it a 0.23% reduction in poverty, and 0.19% of contribution in the levels of inequality measured by gene index. For scenario two, the increase in the subside couplets with the expansion in the number of beneficiaries would require one increase of 2,882,909 net cash on the part of the government, and in terms of the impact on poverty and inequality, a reduction of 0.25% and 0.44% respectively. In scenario three, the government require a fortune of 8 million net cash to reduce poverty and inequality around 1.5% and 1.25% respectively. The scenario four shows that an increase of near 12 million net cash is needed, with the potential to reduce poverty by 2.4% and inequality by 1.8% of all. The expansion of the programmer in different scenarios has an impact on cheap policies and the most vulnerable households, especially those located in the 20th and 40th percentiles in scenario two. The average monthly per capita consumption in the 20th percentile is 7,464 points on tent metacal, while in the 40th percentile, it is 7,646 tents metacals below the counter-poverty line, 50,111 metacal per month. It should be not tartan in scenario four, there is a significant increase in the level of consumption of 8% and 40% respectively, 20th and 40th percentiles, demonstrating the favorable ability of implementing this scenario in terms of nominal impacts on the level of consumption. In terms of nominal impacts on the level of consumption of the most vulnerable households. Our finding, expanding the BSSP to cover the target of 28% of households below poverty line between 24, as defined in the packaging, has the potential to reduce the poverty rate to be up to 0.5% in the simulated scenarios. Expanding the BSSP to cover all eligibility households has a higher potential impact on poverty reduction, potentially reducing it by up to 2.4% in the simulated scenarios. So we conclude that an investment above current values and extending the coverage of the base BSSP drastically reduce poverty. So that's all I want to bring for today, so muito obrigado, thank you.


I'm Andy Fisher, W.A.W. News at 8 minutes past 10, time for the Sears Radio Theatre. That's the theme from the Sears Radio Theatre. Tonight, a program of love and hate with Sicily Tyson as your hostess. Here's a preview. That is, it will look and sound right with actors on the stage. How does it go? What's all there on the page? Show me. Well, the man enters and... Come here on the sofa and show me. What? Come on. The Sears Radio Theatre will begin after this message from your local station. Hello, I'm Stan Martin. It's sad that many youngsters feel the only way they can make their mark on our town is with a destructive act or a smear of graffiti. One building on New York's Lower East Side stands apart from the others. Its walls are spotless inside and out. The youngsters who work in play there have earned the respect of the entire city just as they've learned to respect themselves. I'm talking about the Boys Brotherhood Republic. The BBR has been helping underprivileged boys work their way out of the slums for almost 50 years. By giving them the responsibility of governing and policing themselves, the BBR helps create a set of values which guide its members all their lives. I know because I was a member from the time I was 6 and the BBR helped change my life. It's doing the same right now for hundreds of youngsters with no other place to turn but the streets. Help the BBR turn out solid citizens. Please send whatever financial support you can to the Boys Brotherhood Republic, 888 East 6th Street, New York 1009. Thank you. Look, there's a couple of Salvation Army guys over there. You know, the Salvation Army operates these core community centers all over the country. Where everyone from kids to senior citizens can make new friends and... Hey, wait a second. How do you know all this about the Salvation Army? Well, I spoke with one of their officers the other day and I asked him what the Salvation Army did. Come on. They pick up old clothes and furniture. Right. But what you don't know is they operate day care centers, senior citizen homes, summer camps and disaster relief services for areas that are stricken with tornadoes, floods. Wow. The Salvation Army is into all that? I had no idea. That's right. And the Salvation Army has been in America for nearly 100 years. No kidding. 1980 is the 100th anniversary of the Salvation Army in the United States. Wow. That's some tradition. If you need help with a problem or can help, call your local Salvation Army today. This is Suslee Tyson. I play right and I live in a penthouse apartment high above Riverside Drive. When I was a young man, some years ago to be sure, I often heard from an aunt renowned in our family for her folk wisdom that all is not always as it appears to be. I am with you now to relate a series of events which will prove beyond any doubt that my aunt knew whereof she spoke. Mildred, is this clock correct? Mr. Markham, you paid $3,000 for that antique clock when $3,000 was a lot of money. So of course it's not correct. It's three minutes off. It's nine o'clock. That's right. And you've been pacing and waiting and asking me the time since seven. Give us, take three minutes. You want I should put the orders back in the icebox? Refrigerator, Mildred, not icebox. None of us are getting any younger, Mr. Markham. And that's what they call it when I grew up. Your tires straight stop filling with it. I'm leaving now. When you go down, tell the doorman that I can't see her. Huh? Who? Who are you waiting for? What's the big secret?  I'm, I'm indisposed. You're what? Sick? Mr. Markham, you're never sick. What's the deal? Are you up to something? And that's just the beginning of our story. A new adventure in radio listening. Five nights of exceptional entertainment every week brought to you in Elliott Lewis' production of The Sears Radio Theater. A new story, Who's Who, by P. M. Klepper. Our stars, Fletcher Markle and Noelle North. The Sears Radio Theater is brought to you by Sears Robot and Company. Sears, where America shops for value. When I need advice, I go to my mom. Why not? It's free. Now that I'm married and moving into a new house, I want all the advice I can get. So when mom says shop Sears, I listen. You should. Sears is a great help on those big items you'll need for your new home. Major appliances like washers, dryers and refrigerators, they'll deliver, install and service. I always depend on Sears. You should, too. It's without leaving your bed. It's now possible with Sears' new home control system. Get a feeling of added security, thanks to the convenient command console that controls up to 16 lights, lamps or appliances from one location. This 39.99 console sends coded signals to lamp, wall switch or appliance modules available at $13.99 or $14.99 each. Prices may vary in Alaska and Hawaii.  Delightful. Even more delightful, these sundresses are a Sears special purchase. So though not reduced, they're an exceptional value. And they're 100% cotton. In flounces, tiers, smock designs and more. Retained 80. Misses are junior sizes. Stroll down to Sears now for your special purchase sundress while quantities last and enjoy this good old summertime. Available at most larger Sears retail stores. Plays of questions. Continue, please. Are you sick, Mr. Markham? I said so, didn't I? Well, I won't leave you then. Yes, yes. Go on. I'm all right. You're sick? Can you all right? I just don't want to... Just see someone, yes. Why didn't you just say so? Why do you want to make up an excuse about being sick? Is there anything I could think of? You who write stories for a living. I write plays. Same difference. No, plays are all talk, like me. Have you been drinking? No, why? Only sad drunks use to run themselves down like that. Just give the doorman my message that I don't want to see anyone. Where's that novel, the book with the yellow and pink cover? I put it on that shelf. You keep leaving it around. I keep leaving it around because it's part of my work, maybe. I'll get it. No, I'm not here. Why, Mr. Markham, I can see it through the peephole. Oh, nothing to be scared of. She's just a girl with a bicycle. A what? I swear she's got a bicycle with her. Hi, I'm expected. You may be, but not that bicycle with its muddy wheels. You, Mr. Markham? You were expecting me, right? I was, and I wasn't.  I'm never on time. You ride a bicycle in Manhattan? I'm a wild bird who loves to fly. You are free of wheel and turkey. Standing there with your bicycle, you remind me of Ethel Barrymore. Who? Herb entrance in the corn is green. Oh. Betty Davis did the role in the motion picture. Didn't see it. Catherine Hepburn on television. Am I hitting the correct level yet? Where can I park my bike? Leave it there in the hall. Good night, Mr. Markham. I hope you'll be feeling better soon. You're not feeling well? I'm great with remedies. What's wrong? I... well, nothing. Don't be bashful. I can't be embarrassed. Please, I... Oh, come on. Don't be like those women who are always hinting at some vague female complaint. I just don't feel like myself, that's all. Kind of achy and tired? Uh, yes, something like that. A good rub-down helps no matter what you got. How can you be sick with your coat on? Why? Sitting around in your own apartment, fully dressed. Coat and tie and all.   No, no, please.  Okay, keep your shirt on as they say. Lie down. Really, this isn't what... My hands are warm and I promise not to tickle. There. How does that feel? Well... Stimulating. Too hard? I feel almost too healthy. Thank you, Tony. Your name is really Tony? Yes, Tony with an I. What? Tony, it's spelled T-O-N-I. Not with a Y, that's a boy's name. Tony with an I, how Tony? I don't get you. Tony, the kind of Tony that means high tone, stylish. Never heard of that. Must be an old-fashioned word. I'm an old-fashioned person. Tony, I have a Tony. You have a what? A Tony. You don't know what a Tony award is? It's given for outstanding work on the New York stage. Oh, like in television, the Emmy. You could say that. I did say that.  Maybe I want to write a play. What'd you think of it? My novel there, that festive summer? Isn't it an icky cover? Yellow and pink? It's very good. The cover? The story. Well written. Are you going to help me adapt it for the stage? If I decide to do it. This producer wants to put it on Broadway and he says you write plays. That right? Yes, I write plays. Did you think I got that Tony award for being the best usher? Okay, okay, you write plays. Let's face it, I'm ignorant. In the town where I was brought up, there weren't any stage plays. They did have books, didn't they, such as in my library here. Wow, you got a lot of them. Who are those guys on the wall? All those pictures. Who are portraits of the great playwrights, Sophocles, Plotis, Marlowe, Johnson, Shakespeare. Oh yes, I recognize him. Who's that? Looks like an old vaudeville performer. That's Molliere, the greatest writer of French comedy. Hmm. May I get you a drink? What do you got? Everything. Anything. Name your poison. What? That's another old expression. I'm not used to a choice, places I go, it's beer or cheap muscatel. This 20 year old scotch, just a bit younger than you are, is very good. Or if you like I'll break out a bottle of champagne. Got diet soda? No. Some mineral water will be fine. Are you expecting someone else? No. What's all this food? Or derv, for you. I'm an honored guest, huh? I'll have some caviar, liver pate. I hate this kind of junk. Perhaps next time if there is a next time, Mildred, my housekeeper will send out for a pizza. Your novel has possibilities as a stage play, we might make it work. I told the producer I'd think about it. Doesn't the prospect of having a play on Broadway excite you? Perhaps. If you say it like that obviously it doesn't mean much and you shouldn't get involved. Involved? What's involved? You write a play, it's put on, so? It's a long, laborious, frightening process young lady. Perhaps you should stick to novels. I don't know that I intend to do that either. I wrote a book. It doesn't make me a lifetime writer. I just wrote down a lot of personal stuff I wanted to get off my chest. You could have told a bartender. Don't make me out a dedicated author. I'm not trying to make you anything, I'm trying to figure you out. It's simple. My publisher wants a big stage and screen hit out of this first novel, so I'll be rich and happy and I'll give you my second novel, in case I should write one. And the stage producer put me in touch with you. They wanted an experienced old pro to help me. I really don't know if I have the time, so many other projects and my social life is full, parties, openings, club acts to catch weekends in the country. Well I'll tell them that we met and... I didn't say no. You don't seem overly enthused. As with you. But we might work together and make something of that festive summer. Okay, let's try it. See how it goes for a few days at least. You'd better get to bed and get over whatever you got. I have a date with Al. It was for much earlier, but as I say, I'm never on time. Tomorrow morning we'll begin. Tomorrow already? Well, okay. Get well. I assure you I'll be in top shape. I couldn't take another of your massages. Here's national automotive sale. Dirt inside your shock absorbers can cause them to fail. Get Sears heavy-duty plus shocks with a self-cleaning wiper ring. On sale now only $7.99 each. You save 20% installation available. And save now on Sears Superguard steel-belted radial tires. 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Fashion from a permapressed, tri-blend fabric, so tough kids can actually jump on trampolines made from it. Sears' toughskins in boys and girls sizes. Now in latest spring colors, styles, patterns. Brushed finish too. You have tough kids. Sears has toughskins. Only in the children's store at most larger Sears retail stores and through the catalog. First was a simple one. Put a young and immature girl contribute anything worthwhile to a business arrangement with an older, wiser, more mature and creative person such as me. It occurred to me at the time that it made an interesting problem. More call for Mr. Markham? No. My heart beat grouchy today. No, the clock isn't correct. It's three minutes off. So it's exactly one. She was supposed to... To be here early in the morning. I know, but she's here now. Good morning. Good afternoon. I'll beat him to that. Good morning, Mr. Markham. Ooh, it's colder in here than outside. If there's nothing more, Mr. Markham, I'll be leaving. Thank you, Mildred. See you tomorrow. What's this? Just some preliminary sketches of the first scenes. Of the play? So many pages. I just toss them off during the night. I sometimes work all night. I don't think I can do that. Yes, I imagine what with Al and all. Al? Me and Al? What are you implying? Don't get upset. I'm not going to lecture. About what? Well, if you leave here late in the evening for a date with Al and you come back the next afternoon wearing the very same clothes... I see, Sherlock Holmes.  It's none of my business. Right. You must realize how we wild young people are. However, for your information, I may wear the same outfit for a week. Clean underwear, of course. I won't speculate any more. If we are to work together, we will have to adjust our schedules to coincide. I can work anytime. Fine. Now? Now? I don't feel like it now. Basic problem with the tone of the play is trying to reconcile the tragedy of the father with the commonplace comedy of young love. Whoa, wait just one minute. Tragedy of the father? The old man isn't tragic. And that about being commonplace? Oh, come, Tony. You can't really believe that this is such an unusual story of young love. It's the ordinary story of millions of girls. Ordinary? This is different. I don't understand your umbrage. I think you handled the situation admirably subtly, allowing the reader to enjoy the humorous aspects of young puppy love. There was nothing subtly humorous about this puppy love. You're joking. You mean you didn't intend it to be funny? Funny? Yes. Well, it's touching, of course, in a lightweight sort of way, but my dear, you'll know the difference when a real love, a mature love, comes along. You? Me? Me? Surely you don't think that I mean that you and me... When it comes to women, you can't trust any guy, no matter what his age. You bring me here and always send the housekeeper away. In the first place, young lady, it's presumptuous of you to think you're my type. Secondly, you have the gall to suggest that were I in the mood to indulge in a romantic interlude, I would have to resort to an elaborate procedure.  Business? Yes, a skillful craft. One must craft a play to appeal to an entire audience, not just moon-struck teenage girls. Boy, it'll be difficult enough to try to surmount your title that festive summer. I can just hear the soupy title song for the Beach Party movie version. For your information, Beach Party movies were passed a years ago, but then so were you. Radio Theatre will continue after this message from your local station. Hello, I'm Robert Merrill. Think of how many songs we have that celebrate the joys of being able to sing. Yes, good vision is something to sing about. A million people run the risk of losing that joy of singing. They have glaucoma. They don't even know about it. They feel no pain, so they take no action. Glaucoma can easily be detected, and its progress definitely halted. People over 35 should be tested for glaucoma every two years, often if a member of the family has the disease. Undetected cases of glaucoma contribute to the more than half of all blindness that is needless. These eyes become part of that statistic. To learn more, write to Prevent Blindness, 79 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016. What in the world happened in June brought to you by your local Navy recruiter? June is admissions day for New Hampshire and Virginia admitted in 1788, Kentucky in 1792, Tennessee in 1796, Arkansas in 1836, and West Virginia in 1863 as our 35th state. The Continental Congress appointed a committee to draft the Declaration of Independence in June of 1776. In June of 1782, the design for the Great Seal of the United States was adopted by Congress. The U.S. Navy Yard at Portsmouth, New Hampshire was purchased in June of 1800. The first course in flight instruction was started in June of 1925 at the U.S. Naval Academy. In June of 1935, the self-help organization Alcoholics Anonymous was created. In June of 1966, what in the world happened in June is brought to you by your local Navy recruiter will answer your questions about Navy opportunity or in the Continental United States call<PHONE_NUMBER> in Georgia,<PHONE_NUMBER>. Me, Tony. I know, sweetie. I meant to be there. I know what time it is. It's six in the evening on the dot.  No, I didn't call to argue. I just wanted to say I'm sorry I didn't meet you. You couldn't reach me at home because I'm not at home. Yes, up at his place. He's coming back, Al. I gotta go. Goodbye. Good evening. And just how did you... A Mildred let me in before she left? You'll have to give me a key. Mildred said this is your haircut day. I wasn't expecting you today or ever. Never expect or don't expect anything of me. I read your outline for the play. It's not bad. You're too kind. But about that love scene... It's difficult. It's a case of taking a stream of consciousness passage from the pages of a book and presenting it visually. It'll play. It'll what? It will play. That is, it will look and sound right with actors on the stage. How does it go? What's all there on the page? Show me. Well, the man enters and... Come here on the sofa and show me. What? Come on. Now then. He takes her by the shoulders. Demonstrate. And draws her to him. He looks into her eyes and says something about emeralds. I can't recall and I can't read the page without my glasses. Her eyes aren't green. They're gray. Well, you made the girl's eyes gray, but your own are green as emeralds. He draws her closer and says I've changed since I met you. All for the better. Don't say anything. You can't imagine what it's done for me having you come into my life. You walked through that door fresh, young, pretty, you know, beautiful. Bringing life to me again. I'm not young and I hate to think of trying to survive a rebuff from someone about whom I care so much. Love is not too strong a word. Oh, my dear darling man. You see, I was right. Your young heroine could be seduced. Not just strong armed. You were just acting. What are you trying to prove? Why did you want to make a fool out of me? It was just a dramatic exercise. I mean, I didn't think of it that way. You wanted to teach me a lesson, to humiliate me. And you did. I'd better go. Please don't. What's really deeply disappointing, hurtful, painful is that I didn't expect anything so cruel from you. All people so kind, so considerate, such a gentleman. Well, I... Please. I'm sorry. Hard is it that there isn't anything perfect about it. Why wouldn't a country cloud like me be flatter to have a distinguished writer who is also distinguished looking show an interest in her? Seduced? You wouldn't have even had to say, baby, love me. All you'd have to do was snap your fingers. Darling. Get lost. All right. I hope you don't get a week of sleep tonight, thinking about it. This charade. Damn, the master outwitted at his own game. I wonder how loudly I'd have to snap my fingers. I can't keep working on and on like this. You young people, learn not to burn the candle at both ends. Live moderately as I do.  Let's take a break. You want some coffee or a soda? When I say break, I mean let's break out of here. We do nothing but stay here and work. We never go out for a walk or to an art gallery or out to lunch. I've come to the conclusion, Mr. James Markham, that you don't want to be seen with me. What are you babbling about? I'm serious. You think I'm a gutter snipe. You'd be ashamed to be seen in public with me, to have your friends know you're working with me. Now, to show you how ridiculous that is, I'll tell you what.  There'll be celebrities, entertainers, writers, some of the finest minds around. No, no, don't do that. I'd have nothing to say to them. You'll be there to listen. You can't have it both ways. First, complaining I don't introduce you to my friends, and then complaining that you'd be out of your element so you don't want to meet my friends. This weekend, a party. That European diplomat? I never saw a real-life person with a monocle before, and I told him... That you'd only seen one on a dummy, Charlie McCarthy. That line for your second novel. You had a catsip? I could not be out of catsip because I never have any. What are you, a food freak? What would you use catsip on, not that beef stroganoff? I'll see what you have in the kitchen to cover the table. James! James! Margaret, darling, how are you? Nice of you to come. Oh, I always come to the parties the distinguished Mr. Markham gives. Doesn't happen often these days. I just wanted to introduce someone. Then it's true, you and... Oh, no. No, Margaret. After all the tempting offers you've had from a variety of women and turned down graciously, of course, is that the pretty little thing? Well, yes, that's Tony. Ah, how quaint. You don't usually see denim cut-offs at a dinner party. Introduce us, James. Tony, I want you to meet Margaret Mason. How do you do? Hello. Aren't you going to say something flattering? That you like my work? What do you do? Tony, Margaret has been a star of stage and screen for longer than you've been alive. Oh, sorry, Miss Mason. Are you one of Jim's old flames? Neither. Neither flame nor old. And I've never heard anyone call James Markham Jim, not even his mother. I must circulate. Tony, mind your manners. Why do you dislike me, Tony? I don't know you well enough to dislike you. Resent me then. Unfortunately, I'm not any sort of rival to you for James Markham. I'm not in competition for James Markham. But I guess I'm greedy. I want him all to myself while we're working on this play. Oh, you have him all to yourself. He doesn't do anything but write. He told me about his busy schedule, parties, openings, weekends in the country. What nonsense. I haven't seen him at a party for years. He hasn't been out since his wife died and his plays began to bomb. So you have him, little one. I should resent you. You like him or beyond? He has many lovable qualities, several of which only a woman of my age can appreciate. He admires you. Why aren't you two together? If I knew that, young one, we'd be together. Try to get along. Be gracious in your ignorance. I told you not to talk but to listen. You aren't listening. If you did, you'd hear that most of these celebrities talk just like ordinary people ordinarily do at parties. Surface talk. Alright, sneer at my parties and my acquaintances. How about those in your social circle? What?  Let me in on the wild and wonderful doings and the productive ideas of your Bohemian world. I'm challenging you. Okay. Okay, you're on.  Your friends feel the same way with the additional innuendo that you're being unfaithful to good old Al, the mystery lover. To answer your question, my dear, your friends are no better or worse than mine. With Sears new home control system, get a feeling of added security thanks to the convenient command console that controls up to 16 lights, lamps, or appliances from one location. This 39.99 console sends coded signals to lamp, wall switch, or appliance modules available at $13.99 or $14.99 each. Prices may vary in Alaskan, Hawaii. Welcome summer with open arms in a sleeveless knit shirt from Sears. Tailored as can be with a pert little collar and pocket but bare, bare, bare because each shirt's completely sleeveless. Cool on the go and great for carefree sunning. Choose several in colorful solids and prints of easy care polyester and cotton knit. You'll find summer goes arm in arm with sleeveless shirts in Mrs. and Women's sizes in the sportswear department at Sears. Sears wants to break the ice when it comes to buying a Kenmore refrigerator. So we're taking $50 to $100 on three models through June 30th. You save $100 on the 19 cubic foot side by side and $70 on the 17 cubic foot top freezer refrigerator. Both have automatic ice makers and Sears exclusive huma drawer. Save $50 on a Kenmore 17 cubic foot refrigerator freezer without ice maker. All are frostless. Kenmore, solid as Sears. Dates may vary in Alaskan, Hawaii. All items available at most larger Sears retail stores. Here's the concluding act of our story. See you through the peephole.  Yes, but I'm still Al.  That's true, Mr. Markham. I sell stocks and bonds, but I'm still Al. The Al she talks about? I guess so. What is all this, Mr. Markham, about a beard and a suit? Why should I have one and not the other or whatever? If you were the Al that Tony speaks of, I expected you to have a beard and a shoulder length hair and be wearing a black leather jacket. You'd weigh 260 pounds, have a hangover from liquor, or worse, be jealous. I even looked at her and be able to throw her over your shoulder to carry her off like a caveman. Me?  You're here to sell me stocks and bonds? No, no, a personal matter. Ah, drink? Yes, thanks. If you don't mind sharing it, I'll have some of that cherry. You have much better taste in liquids than your friend Tony. Oh, no, Tony taught me all I know about rare and expensive wines. She's an expert. Tony? Cheap muscatel, Tony. Here. Thanks. Cheers. This Tony can't be that Tony, so you must be mistaking me for someone else. No, no, you're James Markham, the famous playwright. For a long time, Tony has talked of nobody else. Now I know you're mistaken. Tony never heard of me before. Some producer suggested we collaborate, and that was only recently. No, you're mistaken. Tony picked you out to work with her. For years, she's admired your work. Quote, the best of modern playwrights. Unquote. My Tony hasn't read or seen two plays in her life. Why, she didn't know any one of these playwrights on the wall there, except Shakespeare, which any great school pupil knows. Sophocles, Marlo, Molière, the prince of French comedy. She thought he was an old-time vaudeville performer. Molière? Are you kidding? In college, Tony did her master's thesis on Molière. In French. She, what? You didn't see through her. You, a student of people. I suppose she wants you to believe in her natural, untutored prodigy. She admires you, Mr. Markham, because of what you've achieved in the world of writing. Tony doesn't care about writing. About as much as she doesn't care about breathing. What Tony really wants and needs is a secure nest with no hassles where she can be free to write. That wild bird in a secure nest? Can't you provide that nest? Yes. So could you. You have no right to her, Mr. Markham. You've had your life. Let Tony and me have ours. I think what's good for her and her long-range happiness. What's the book, Jim? A collected place of Molière. The vaudeville performer there on the wall. A producer's asked me to do a modernized version of one of his plays. It's an early work titled La Femme Savante. I know Femme means women or ladies. I guess Savante must be a family name. It's not one of his early works. And the title translates The Learned Ladies. Uh-oh. It's so early in the morning I wasn't thinking. Yes, my wild, untutored songbird. Al told me of your excellent upbringing. You deceived me about Al, too. You led me to believe that he was a wild-eyed savage taking his pleasure where he could grab it. And he's a respectable young man who wants to marry you. Which seems an honorable intention. Marriage seems to be in again. These days. I'm not everybody. I'm me. I don't want to be like everybody else. I want to be different. Look, the reason I seem to be interfering in your life... Seem to be... ...is because I like you very much. I care too much about you to have you... You care? No way. You care for me as a source for a play. Wrong.  You act cheap. You talk cheap. The thing you do well is right.  And you'll dissipate that talent unless you learn discipline. Speaking of posturing, how about you? Me? Yeah. First, you lie to me about your social life. You don't have one. Then you act so nonchalant about whether you'll work on this play or not when the truth is you're dying to write another hit. You want it so bad, you can taste it. Is there no end to your vulgar expressions? Under all that formal, gentlemanly veneer is just one thing, pure naked ambition. It's true. I do concentrate on writing. One can't expend energy in every direction and still accomplish anything. At your age, you mean? Touche. Well, you're always tweeting me about my youth. The difference is you have a chance of getting over youth. Where's my coat? Draped over the desk where you threw it. I won't be back. I'll send you a gift. You don't have to send me anything. A farewell gift. When I get to the end, I'll send you my completed draft of the play. But... Do with it as you will. Use it as shelf paper or to start a fire in the hearth. I give it to you. Hurry up, Al. Finish those pages. I want to read them. I can't hurry too fast. You're studying Jim's script like it was a financial sheet. I want to make sure I gather the significance of this. It's just a draft of a play. He's got things in here that aren't in your novel. Such as? Such as he has the father contemplating suicide. You're joking. No. And it's written with great conviction. Lord. Oh, no. You told me how Mr. Markham identified with the father in the book. And, like, he was attempting to be a father figure to you? Who could that be at this time of night? Hello? Hello, Tony? Yes, who's this? Margaret Mason. The old actress, remember? Sure. What is it? I've been trying for hours to get James on the phone. No answer. I know he's in his apartment. Well, then why wouldn't he answer? What could be wrong? Look, Miss Mason. I don't want to alarm you, but I think something serious is going on. What? No time to explain. If you want, meet me and Al at Jim's apartment as soon as you can make it. I don't really think that what he wrote in the play about suicide that he tried something like that in real life. Suicide? Suicide? What are you saying? James! I'll just get the door open. Jim! I'd better use my key. Ah, good. He didn't put the chain on. I hear something. What? What is it?  Well, then you're right. He shot himself. Oh, hurry! What is it? What's all the noise? Who's there? Oh, Jim. He looks all right. Sort of. Goodness, you missed. Missed what? That shot we heard. Shots? What shot? Is someone shooting? That bang! Oh, that! I just on-corked another bottle of champagne. Pop! Leave it to James Markham to commit suicide by drinking himself to death with the best French wine. What are you all doing here? I'm not expecting guests. No guests come to see me. Is my tie straight? You're not wearing a tie, sir. I'll make you some coffee. No, you don't. I've invested too much time and expensive champagne to get to my present state of fogginess for you to try to clear my head with that molasses-like brew of yours. I'm amazed. Even drunk, he can talk like that. Drunk? And with no necktie. It must be a relief to all of you to discover that James Markham is human after all. Jim, it's good. What? What's good? The play. I loved it. So did Al. Ah, Al! There you are. Will you hear a minute ago? I didn't see you. I didn't see much, clearly at least. Good evening, Al. Or good morning, whatever. Al, have you and Tony yet reached, as they say, an understanding? Yes. I would never commit suicide. What are you talking about, Tony? You know what I'm talking about. That scene concerning the father. Oh, yes, I remember it vaguely. Not vaguely. You made that man contemplate suicide so vividly. There's nothing like that in my novel. Oh, the implications are there. The old man is, well, an old man. He feels useless, unwanted. James, how could you identify with that? No, Margaret. You felt like my father? Well, my father wasn't like that at all. And I didn't say he was. And you aren't like that either. You've tried to make it tragic again. We went all through that once. Tragic. You're so implausibly young in your outlook. Young. I must agree with her, Mr. Markham. Being old doesn't mean one has exclusive rights to problems. Old or young, life can be cruddy. And life can be wonderful. And I'm here to help you make a marvelous play out of this. We're going to do some daring things. We're going to risk and reach. Really? You and me? You're returning. It'll give us both something to live for. That dark, gloomy, suicidal stuff is no place in that sense of summer. And about that carnival scene... We aren't going to discuss work now. You're the one who's always saying we should get down to work while we're going to work and we'll work till we get it right. Tony, it's almost sunrise. Well, if nobody'll let us work, let's go out for some supper or breakfast. Marvellous idea. Capital. Some of those little greasy spoon cafes are still open.  We'll show him some people and life. Let's go. I have to be at work in a few hours.  How romantic. Well, Margaret, since the young'uns will be abandoning me this afternoon, how about you and I? I don't know what you have in mind, James. You attractive old devil. But fine. It's a date. Brass-plated lamps. One switched on. The finely-plated antique sap and shade illuminated the furniture softly. Another lamp turned on. And another. The patio doors blew open. The gloom-brass-plated lamp nearby, with its heavy base built for stability, did not budge. The room glowed in the brassy elegance that these seers best lamps command. 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Welcome, Corral, appreciate you coming on with us. Coach, they told us you're going to be playing running back here. What was that like when they first started putting you in the backfield in New England? I think I was a Monday night game or something. I remember seeing it and it was like, oh, this looks like a pretty good thing there. I mean, honestly, man, no matter where they put me on the football field, man, I just go out and just try to make a play for my team. They want me to run it back, receive her, quarterback, tight end, whatever. They just put me out there with my neighbor's car.  That's something I've been doing my whole life. And then last season, what was it like in Chicago with Dave Ragon here? And then running it as much as you did, 64 times career high last season run the ball. Yeah, man, I mean, Dave got a great relationship, man. I'm thankful to be a partner with Atlanta Falcons, man, and I appreciate everybody giving me a chance for another year playing this league. So last year, that year didn't go as planned as I wanted as running back, so hopefully this year can go better. Thank you. Tori McLean-Haney, the athletic. Hello, hello. It's very nice to meet you. I was just curious, you go into this offseason and what intrigued you about coming to Atlanta into a situation where you have a new head coach, you have a new GM, it basically feels like there are so many new things happening here. What intrigued you about coming here? Honestly, I've been in the league just pulling on my ninth year and it felt like I've been in a new system every year, so it was crazy. But just seeing what Coach Miff did in the years he was in Tennessee, he worked his way up.  Coach, he's all about having fun, you know, just being yourself, so that's a good thing because if you know me, you know, I love having fun, always smiling, joking, so I'm never serious, man.  Nice. Have you had a chance to chat with Arthur Smith?  What was y'all's first kind of conversation, like getting to know each other and all that?  We all have one job that's what we need to do, so. I mean, so God tell you that, you know, you can't do no respect them, because we all grown, you know, in this league, so I just gotta take care of what you gotta take care of. Awesome, thank you. Michael Rothstein, ESPN. How's it going? Welcome to Atlanta. I wanna go back to something you said about Chicago. What was it that frustrated you, I guess, or disappointed you the most last year about what happened in Chicago? Was it team stuff? Was it your own personal form? If you can explain a little bit on what you were getting at with that? I mean, man, I was always taught, man. You got highs in front of your head, see where you're going, not where you've been, so whatever happened last year in Chicago, that happens, man. I'm on to the 2021 Atlanta Falcons, and, you know, I'm here to talk about what I can do for Atlanta Falcons, not what I did for Chicago Bears. As where do you see yourself fitting in? And you say you can play anywhere, but is there a specific area where you can see yourself fitting into what Arthur Smith wants to do a little bit more? I mean, what Arthur do is amazing, man.   He want to spread the ball out, get it into everybody's hands, you know. That's something a guy like me won't.  Just being everywhere on the field, man. I don't minimize myself, you know. I max everything that I can do, so. Like I said, I just like, I love playing this game, man. It's fun to me, you know. It's something I want to do until I'm about 80 years old, I don't think I ever get tired of this league, so I love it, man. Appreciate it. Thank you. Carol Zolom, Associated Press. Hey, welcome to Atlanta. Thanks for doing this. Appreciate it. I wanted to follow up on D-Led's opening question about your versatility of running back. And I know you've said you just want to play wherever you can. Now, I've never noticed you listed on a team roster with RB by your name. I've thought of you as a wide receiver who could play running back. Does that intrigue you? Does that excite you? I mean, honestly, it doesn't bother me, man. As long as I get to, you know, just play this game, I don't care what you listen to me ask, man, because you can listen to me at a long snap. As long as you get me on that football field and play and have a call there, you can do whatever you want to do with me, man. Like I said, the joy I have for this game is unmatched, man. You turn the tape on, you'll see why I say that. I love this game. I love having fun. And if I can follow up on that, what's your thoughts about joining these other names that you'll be seeing on the skill positions for the Falcons on offense? Can you repeat that? Can you talk about joining such players as, you know, as the Scoville Jones and Matt Ryan and the other names that are, you know, established starters on this offense? Oh, you mean Hall of Fame players? I get what you're trying to say.  They just give you a little butterflies, man. You know, Matt texted me when I signed there, he told me welcome to the team and stuff like that, man. So you got to feel good about things like that, man.  So that feel good, man. You got guys like Julio Jones and, you know, we can't never say too much about that guy, man. You got Ridley, man. I played with his brother and both of those guys are great.  It just, the list goes on, man. I can see here, 30 minutes, just name from the coaching staff to the players that I'm excited to play with, you know. I know you don't want to hear me talk about this. So I'm just excited. Kelsey Conway, Atlanta Falcons.com. Hey, I wanted to ask you a couple of questions about the return part of your game. How much did your background in track help you kind of navigate that role for yourself? And what exactly did you do as a track athlete? I just did track really just to stay and shape football, you know, because it was a, I mean, I was in high school, you know, I did 11 and 12 grade running track. And then when I went to junior college, I committed to Tennessee. So I just ran track, but you know, I did like a four by one, long jump, the hundred. What's that like? I mean, I don't know. People always try to say I'm fast because I ran track, but I don't, I don't believe that. I believe I was already fast and you can do freakish things without, without running tracks. I don't think they had nothing to do with it.  I run the track, you know, I miss it, but I don't think it had anything to do with it. It's football stuff. What is that? What's your mentality when you're getting ready to return a kick? Is there a specific like headspace you go to when you're back there? Touchdown. You don't know if you're going to get a touchdown, you don't return a kick. So that's, that's kind of the reason I always bring the ball out, 90, 80. You know, sometimes I don't get it past the 25, you know, if I take a knee something, but you never know if you're going to score, if you don't return a ball out. So that's just the comforts I have. And I know Coach Williams, you know, he, he feel the same way, you know, we've been talking and we bringing it out. I mean, that's just something I've been doing my whole life. And I'm trying to score a touchdown, trying to keep offense off the field as much as I can. And, you know, getting a guy like Matt, Matt Ryan, you know, getting a ball plus 40, 50 with him and see the things he did is that's just a plus for the offense. Thanks. Do you have any follow-ups for Cordell? No, no, I don't. John, thank you. Thank you, Cordell. Appreciate your time today, sir. Appreciate that, y'all. Tori, you got anything? Yeah, just one more for me. I wanted to go back to something that you said, which I thought was a really great quote.  When you have a coach who's sitting there and who is having like that almost accountability since it's like, doesn't matter what you've done, it doesn't matter where you've come from. I want to put the best people out on the field. What does that mean to you as a player and why does that make you want to go out and play for somebody like that? Honestly, I would think that he's not judging anyone. We all have our background. We all are different. Some guys there right now are working out, and some guys not. I'm not. I just had a newborn, so I'm here with the kids. We've got four kids here, so I want to spend as much time as I can with the kids. You've got some guys probably don't have kids. They there working out. So it's like, he's not going to judge us because we're there or not. So I mean, we all getting there working. We all pros. I've been doing it going on my ninth year, so I knew what to do. I know how to handle that situation. So Coach Miff, you said, just be yourself. You can't be here. He's not going to judge you up there. So as long as you get that job done on Sundays, Mondays, and Thursday, that's all that matters.