Welcome to the Hindu News Analysis by Shankar Reyes Academy, displayed on the list of news articles taken for today's analysis and their page numbers in different editions of the newspaper. The link for the handwritten notes in the PDF format and the time stamping of the discussed articles are provided in the description box and also in the comment section for the benefit of mobile phone viewers. Now let's move on to the analysis of first news article. This editorial article is with reference to the radicalization that happens in the Union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. Recently, the new chief of defense staff has mentioned that there has been a significant increase in radicalization, particularly among the young people in Kashmir. In this context, we'll discuss in brief about radicalization, then also with respect to the remarks made by the chief of defense staff and finally we'll see with respect to the editorial, which is based on the remarks made by the CDS. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this editorial article is highlighted here for your reference. When we say radicalization, it simply refers to a process where an individual is transformed from a moderate law abiding citizen into an active violent extremist. Some of their actions and their agenda will become offenses against the state and therefore they are also considered as anti-state activities. There will also be indoctrination of violent thoughts, negative thoughts with respect to defining some specific political ideology or agenda or social agenda or religious agenda. So radicalization is the process wherein someone is made to adopt or indoctrinated to adopt radical positions or extreme positions with respect to political, religious or social issues and they may or may not work against the government. There are many factors by which an individual becomes susceptible or vulnerable to radicalization. These could be, you know, extremist influences or it could be also personal events, traumatic events or national events, you know, some events that may happen at the national level or global level. Even that are known to influence an individual to adopt a radical position or the person could have been recently converted his or her religious affiliation or political affiliation and identity confusion is also a factor that may lead to vulnerability. Then conflict with family over the religious beliefs or lifestyle choices or having extreme political views. These are also factors that may contribute to vulnerability. And if a person is victim or witness to a hate crime either by race or religion or caste even they are prone to radicalization and because of pressure from peers these peers are those who are associated with extremism so friendship or closeness with peers who are associated with extremism is also a reason. Then again if a particular person is rejected by family or social group or religious congregation or also among peer then this particular person is also vulnerable. Persons who are underachieved in life when they can become vulnerable if a particular youth, if they possess literature related to extreme views and ideologies that can also lead to radicalization experience of poverty or social exclusion even these factors can influence a particular person making the person as a vulnerable person to this radicalization process. Now the problem with radicalization is that here they will adopt violent means that can be detrimental to the state and also to the people who live in the state. So it will affect India's internal security and radicalization is also considered as the first step towards extremism particularly violent extremism they adopt extreme political or social or religious ideals and aspirations and if there is an opportunity and in some cases even if there is not they will not hesitate to perpetrate violence so thereby this becomes a great threat to India's internal security and here with respect to radicalization the most vulnerable with respect to age are the younger generation and then people who face unemployment or under employment and who go through different conditions of life when they could be radicalized. However if you come to Kashmir the radicalization here is largely based on religious lines with respect to adoption of radical Islamic ideology so this is about the radicalization and the factors that leads to the vulnerability. Now let's come to the editorial recently the CDS has made a statement in a panel discussion in the fifth edition of Rezina Dialogue the panel discussion was with respect to countering terrorism. Here as a speaker the CDS has made a statement that children as young as 10 to 12 years are being radicalized in Kashmir and this radicalization process happened in schools, universities religious places and sites. Spoke about the radicalization camps this statement was considered as controversial statement or important statement because the CDS has acknowledged that India has deradicalization camps. Now coming to Rezina Dialogue Rezina Dialogue is India's flagship geopolitical and geostrategic conference that happens every year since 2016. It's an annual event or annual conference that is hosted by Ministry of External Affairs of Government of India in partnership with an independent think tank called Observer Research Foundation experts from various walks of life political, social, academic journalism and also from student community they also participate in this Rezina Dialogue and recently this dialogue happened in New Delhi from 14th to 16th January with the theme 21st century at 2020 navigating the alpha century. So the statement made by CDS was in one of the panel discussion of this Rezina Dialogue Now the editorial article states that when we compare the present situation to 1990s terrorism and violence has reduced drastically in the last 10 years and also in the last 10 years there is an increased participation in democratic processes in the Kashmir Valley and the radicalization process was also less in the last 10 years. However in the last 3-4 years there has been increase in protests and violence in the Kashmir Valley. The author states that this is because of the disaffection against the Indian government and very specifically the recent abrogation of special status of Jammu and Kashmir and also the conversion of state of Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories. We know that this happened in the month of August last year and because of this move many of the political leaders who are followed by the people of Jammu and Kashmir were kept under detention even till now. So when the situations are so tense and when their political leaders are in detention the author states that the radicalism will further increase in Jammu and Kashmir and it can either be in the form of separatism or it may lead to extremist Islamist ideology that may lead to anti state activities or terrorism activities. Here when we say separatism we are referring to the situation where people of Jammu and Kashmir some part of radicalized youths may demand separation of Jammu and Kashmir from India they may even ask to join with Pakistan also. So that is the level of indoctrination that is happening there. So the author here tells that with the recent state actions here when we say state actions we are referring to Indian government. So recent actions of Indian government that happened in Jammu and Kashmir. So with these happenings radicalization is likely to further increase but having said that there is definitely a need to counter radicalization at all levels. But this author this editorial mentions that deradicalization is essential but it should not happen in the way as CDS has suggested. That is it should not happen through deradicalization camps. So when we say deradicalization camps it refers to a fact that young people will be separated particularly according to the statement made by CDS children of 10 to 12 years of age. So these youths, adolescents they will be separate from their family and community from their mainstream society and they will be kept in camps. So here the consequences is that they will be further alienated from their society from their parents and it may lead to public revulsion. That is if their children are taken to deradicalization camps it may further increase the dissatisfaction of the Indian government among the aggrieved people of Jammu and Kashmir. And further these deradicalization camps if what are they are to be set up they should not be under the control of any armed forces. So author states that handling the camps by armed forces would become completely illegal. This is because deradicalization process is a mandate of agencies of civilian state not the mandate of army or security forces. If you go with the letter and spirit of the journal justice act 2015 army or security forces should not handle children particularly children who are living in a disturbed area. So what way this deradicalization should happen? The author states that it can be achieved in a best manner by effective teaching and by incorporating civic duties in the school curriculum for children and then there has to be outreach from the administration side to the citizens asking them not to yield themselves to the radical demands made by extremists or they should not fall trap to the persuasion of extremists. An editorial suggests that some repressive actions should not be carried out or continued by administration anymore. Here when we say repressive actions we are referring to limiting internet access detention of political representatives and other such short sighted or illiberal or authoritarian measures. This is because these measures would be counter productive or harmful in the long run. So what can be a possible alternative? See the administration should reach out to the aggrieved sections of people in Jammu and Kashmir to win their confidence. So a strategy has to be adopted that is winning hearts and minds strategy in both short term process and also in the long term. In addition to this we discussed various factors that lead to vulnerability of an individual to be transformed into a radical person. All these individual factors has to be specifically targeted. Measures have to be brought in to deal with such factors. One such thing is poverty social exclusion possession of literature related to extreme views and we also saw even global or national events that could add trauma to a child or a young person. Therefore this person may become a radical. Here with respect to JNK we can relate it to you know the ways and means in which the article 370 was abrogated and the ways and means in which the special status were taken Jammu and Kashmir and reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir into two unit territories. All these factors could have been seen as traumatic events by these people in their lives. So all these things has to be collectively addressed by the government with the aim and purpose of winning their hearts and minds to take them into confidence and when they are going to deal with children particularly of 10 years or 12 years it should not be done by security forces or army or any other security related agencies rather it has to be carefully dealt by child friendly agencies such as you know national commission for protection of child rights, child welfare committee, persons who are involved in the work of child rights, psychologists, sociologists, pediatricians, criminologists so these are various important stakeholders they should participate in this process to deradicalize the youth and children. With this we come to the end of the analysis of this news article now let's move on to next article this news article states that many decisions taken during the recent 2 plus 2 dialogue between India and United States will be put into practice in this year 2020. The news article also mentions about an important network an infrastructure network called as blue dot network we will be seeing about this network in the analysis of this news article. The syllabus relevant for the analysis has been highlighted here for your reference. Before entering into the discussion with respect to this blue dot network we'll see in brief about 2 plus 2 dialogue. So if you want to say what is the highest level institutional mechanism between India and United States that brings together the perspectives of both countries on various issues it is the 2 plus 2 dialogue. Various issues here relates to foreign policy it includes defense and strategic issues as well. When we say 2 plus 2 it means 2 members from India and 2 members from United States of the 2 members one involves the ministry of external affairs other involves the ministry of defense of both the countries. In terms of India it includes minister of external affairs and the defense minister. For United States it involves the secretary of state and the secretary of defense. Now this 2 plus 2 dialogue is a platform that is to provide a positive and forward looking vision for the strategic partnership between India and United States. So far we have heard 2 such 2 plus 2 talks first 2 plus 2 dialogue was held in India in the year 2018 and the next year that is last year in December it was held in the United States. While this is the case with respect to United States we also have informal summit when it comes to China and 2019 marked the second informal summit with China as well which happened in Mahamalapuram in Chennai. Now we have coming to United States this news article states that in 2020 both India and US may establish a mechanism source to fulfill or source to implement various decisions taken during recent 2 plus 2 talks that was held in December 2019. Here when we say decisions in the context of this news article the decisions are particular with respect to defense and trade. During the recent 2 plus 2 talks both countries have agreed to promote on various friends having a practical cooperation in infrastructure development counter terrorism cyber security also regional connectivity and various other important dimensions as well. So here you focus practical cooperation in infrastructure development. Now come to the news article it mentions about a network called as blue dot network. See this is a network that is led by United States. The US have launched this blue dot network in collaboration with Japan and Australia recently at Bangkok in November 2019 this network was launched at the Indo-Pacific business forum. As we saw this was jointly launched by United States Australia and Japan. In terms of United States it is taken care by overseas private investment corporation. In terms of Australia it is department of foreign affairs and trade in case of Japan it is department of international cooperation and coming to the ambition of this blue dot network it is to promote high quality global infrastructure development and for promoting such a development it aims to bring governments private sectors and also civil societies and such a development is to be achieved through a open and inclusive framework. Now this blue dot network has some sort of ratings mechanism wherein the infrastructure projects in Indo-Pacific region and various other parts of the world will be graded and this blue dot network also aims to set standards for global infrastructure development and such a development has to be based on market driven approach open and inclusive framework and the infrastructure has to be socially and environmentally responsive and should be financially sustainable and also with transparency and accountability. According to diplomats and experts on international relations they are saying that this blue dot network is the effort of United States to counter the Belt and Road initiative of China particularly recently in the year 2019 many nations have complained about this Belt and Road initiative of China because initially many small nations considered BRI initiative as a great initiative for infrastructure development however it was found to be a debt trap initiative of China and there were a lot of issues with respect to transparency and accountability etc. Now with the launch of blue dot network many countries who have concerns with respect to BRI may shift their allegiance from BRI to blue dot network to improve the standards in global infrastructure projects and the news article mentions that the United States may also convince India to join this blue dot network and most probably India may also join this blue dot network in the future and that will play a very important role in the relations between India and United States know that India is not a member of China's Belt and Road initiative primarily because of the reason that the CPEC corridor that is China Pakistan Economic Corridor which is an arm of this Belt and Road initiative passes through Indian territory of Jammu and Kashmir particularly it passes through the territory which was handed over by Pakistan to China in 1963-64 but the handed over territory is an Indian territory so India opposes to this Belt and Road initiative. So these are some of the information with reference to the 2 plus 2 dialogue mechanism between India and United States and the blue dot network now let's move on to the analysis of next news article. This news article states that India's telecommunication satellite named as GSAT 30 was successfully launched into a geosynchronous transfer orbit yesterday and this GSAT 30 is the first mission of India for this year 2020. It was launched from Coruv launch base in French Guyana through an European heavy lift launch vehicle now this Coruv launch base in French Guyana which is in northern part of South America which is located in almost northeast in the South America is the launch base used by European space agency and French space agency. So in the context of this news article we'll see about GSAT 30 geosynchronous orbit geostationary orbit, geosynchronous transfer orbit and also few differences between GSLV Mark II of India and GSLV Mark III of India. The syllabus is relevant for the analysis of this news article is highlighted here for your reference. See this geosynchronous satellite 30 or GSAT 30 is a communication satellite of India. It aims to provide communication services from geostationary orbit in CNQ bands. The weight is around 3300 gram and the purpose is to replace INSAT 4 capital A spacecraft and this GSAT 30 is expected to give enhanced coverage than INSAT 40. This satellite is expected to provide services to the entire Indian territory including the island regions for example, Andamanikobar, Lakshavadweep etc. The GSAT 30 can also provide extended coverage to Gulf countries and number of Asian countries and also Australia. The mission life of this GSAT 30 is 15 years. So these are some of the information with reference to GSAT 30. Now let's see with respect to geosynchronous, geostationary geosynchronous transfer orbits. We usually place communication satellites at an altitude of 36000 km from the Earth's surface. We are keeping the satellites at this much altitude so as to minimize the pull of gravity of Earth. So what happens when we place satellites closer to Earth or in lower altitudes because of the pull of gravity the satellite moves more quickly thereby communication satellites they may not be able to deliver the services as required. So the lower the satellites orbit, the quicker is the movement of the satellite. The higher a satellite's orbit, the slower will be its movement. So when the satellite reaches about 36000 km from the Earth's surface it enters a sweet spot where the orbit of the satellite matches with the rotation of the Earth. This is because the satellite at this particular orbit moves at the same speed with the rotation of the Earth. So in a geosynchronous orbit this orbit which is at 36000 km above the Earth's surface is called as geosynchronous orbit where the satellite seems to be staying in a particular place over a single longitude. Though at this latitude it may drift north to south. This high Earth orbit is called as geosynchronous orbit. Now when this circular geosynchronous orbit is directly over the equator then this geosynchronous orbit is called as geostationary orbit. Here there is no movement at all for the satellites that are placed in geostationary orbit. Now being in a geostationary orbit the satellite will be always directly over the same place on the Earth's surface. So this is about geostationary orbit and because geostationary satellites are always over a single location they can be very useful for communication purposes. And also many weather satellites also tend to have high Earth orbit far from the Earth's surface. So the news is that as of now GSAT 30 satellite was launched into a geosynchronous transfer orbit. As the name implies it is a transfer orbit that is to attain geosynchronous or geostationary Earth orbit. First a spacecraft is launched into an elliptical orbit which is at an altitude of 37,000 km from the Earth's surface. From here the spacecraft will be moved to geostationary or geosynchronous orbit. The news article mentions that GSAT 30 we didn't launch using GSLV Mark II and we also did not use GSLV Mark III for the launch of GSAT 30 even though it has the payload capability. Now see GSLV Mark II is a three-stage vehicle. Now coming to the differences between GSLV Mark II and GSLV Mark III. See both are three stages vehicle. Because the payload capacity is higher with respect to GSLV Mark III it is called as three-stage heavy lift launch vehicle. Now in case of GSLV Mark II the first stage has a solid rocket motor which is supported by four liquid strap-on motors. The second stage is a liquid stage the third stage is cryogenic upper stage. Now in case of GSLV Mark III the first stage is solid stage. As GSLV Mark III uses two solid rocket boosters or strap-ons then the core stage or the second stage is a liquid stage and the third stage is cryogenic upper stage where the fuel is liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen. Now with respect to payload capacity GSLV Mark II can take payloads of 2,500 kg to geosynchronous transport orbit and a payload of around 5000 kg to geosynchronous transport orbit. In case of Mark III it can take a payload of 4000 kg to geosynchronous transport orbit and 8000 kg to low earth orbits. We didn't opt for GSLV Mark II because the satellite is around 3300 kg and though we had potential to use GSLV Mark III to carry the payload of around 3300 kg we didn't use it because we reserved the GSLV Mark III launch vehicles for the purpose of unmanned trial missions with respect to Gaganyan First Human Space Flight Mission. So these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this news article. Now let's move on to next article. This news article is about a petition that is filed in Supreme Court with respect to non-implementation of National E-Mobility Mission Plan 2020. In this contact we will be discussing few information with respect to this National Electric Mobility Mission Plan. The syllabus relevant for the analysis of this article is highlighted here for your reference. See this National Electric Mobility Mission Plan 2020. This is a national mission document which provides vision and roadmap for faster adoption of electric vehicles and also their manufacturing in India. It aims to transform the entire automotive and transportation industry in the country by the adoption of electric and hybrid vehicles. So as a result this plan is designed to enhance national security and to provide affordable transportation, to provide environmental friendly transportation and also to enable Indian automotive industry to achieve global manufacturing leadership, particularly with respect to electric or hybrid vehicles. This mission document is based on the initiatives taken by the Department of Heavy Industry which comes under Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises. The mission aims to promote hybrid and electric mobility in India through a combination of policies and schemes. The aim is that to achieve a vehicle population of 6 to 7 million electric or hybrid vehicles in India by the year 2020. And this has to be carried out along with certain level of indigenization of technology so as to ensure India's global leadership in some vehicle segments with respect to electric or hybrid vehicles. Now this mission has 5 important aspects. One is to provide demand side incentives to facilitate acquirement or acquisition of hybrid or electric vehicles. Then to promote research and development in technology here technology refers to battery technology, power electronics, motors, system integration, battery management system etc. And the mission also aims to promote charging infrastructure and one of the important aspects is to provide supply side incentives and also to encourage retrofitting of on-road vehicles with hybrid kit. For example the present day vehicles can be altered a little so as to ensure that the vehicles can act as a hybrid or electric vehicle. So there may not be a requirement of purchase of a complete electric or hybrid vehicle. For which this national electric mobility mission plan is a basis is the Fame India scheme. So as part of this mission plan of 2020 only the department of heavy industry formulated this faster adoption manufacturing of hybrid and electric vehicles in India scheme. They are 2015. So the scheme aims to promote manufacturing of electric and hybrid vehicle technology and also to ensure sustainable growth of the manufacturing of such vehicles. It has two phases. Phase 1, phase 2 phase 1 was from 2015 to 2019 and phase 2 is from 2019 to 2022. We have discussed the Fame India scheme in detail on our analysis on January 2. So these are some of the information with reference to the analysis of this news article. Now let's move on to the practice questions discussion session. Now we have come to the last session, the practice questions discussion session. Now this question is with reference to blue dot network. They have given two statements and they are asking which of the following statements are incorrect. First statement, BDN initiative is to bring governments, private sectors and civil societies for promoting high quality global infrastructure development. Now this statement is correct but the question asks for incorrect statements. So the first statement being a correct statement should not be in the options. So you can eliminate option A and option C. Now come to the second statement. The network was launched during the first 2 plus 2 dialogue in November 2019 at Washington DC in collaboration with Japan and Australia. See this BDN initiative is a US led initiative which was launched in collaboration with Japan and Australia in November 2019 but not during the 2 plus 2 dialogue between India and United States and in fact the recent 2 plus 2 dialogue between India and United States was held at United States in December 2019 and it is not the first 2 plus 2 dialogue between India and United States it is actually the second 2 plus 2 dialogue. However it is the first 2 plus 2 dialogue to be held on American soil because the 2 plus 2 dialogue had its debut in India in the year 2018. So this BDN network was launched in November 2019 with the collaboration from Japan and Australia at the Indo-Pacific business forum at Bangkok. So the second statement is incorrect. Question asks for incorrect statements. So the correct answer for this question is option B 2 only. Now this question is with reference to GSLV launch vehicles. They have given 2 statements and are asking which of the above statements are correct. First statement GSLV mark 3 has a payload capacity of 8000 kg to geosynchronous transfer orbit and 4000 kg to lower targets of 600 km altitude. Now this statement is incorrect because the mark 3 has payload capacity of 4000 kg to GTO and 8000 kg to lower targets of 600 km altitude. So since the first statement is incorrect you can eliminate option A and option C. Now come to the second statement both GSLV mark 3 and GSLV mark 2 launch vehicles are 3 stage launch vehicles. Now this statement is correct. This is because both are 3 stage launch vehicles but GSLV mark 3 has better specifications with respect to payload capacity because mark 2 has the payload capacity of 2500 kg to GTO and 5000 kg to geosynchronous transfer orbit. The third stage of both these launch vehicles are cryogenic upper stage and the center stage or the second stage of both these launch vehicles are liquid stage that is they use liquid fuel. However there is a difference with respect to the first stage because in GSLV mark 2 the first stage has a solid rocket motor supported or augmented by 4 liquid strap-on motors whereas in GSLV mark 3 the first stage uses only solid rocket boosters. There are two solid rocket boosters. So the correct answer for this question is option B 2 only. Now this question is with reference to national electric mobility mission plan. Consider the following statements regarding national electric mobility mission plan 2020. Two statements are given. They are asking which of the statements given above are correct. First statement the mission aims at faster adoption of electric vehicles that are manufacturing in the country automotive industry to achieve global manufacturing leadership. The statement is correct. So you can eliminate option B and option D. The second statement the vision is to achieve total sales of 6 to 7 million hybrid or electric vehicles by the year 2022. See hybrid and electric vehicles are also denoted as X EVs. See the mission plan is for 2020 but the statement is with respect to 75th year of Indian independence. The second statement is incorrect because the vision is to achieve total sales of 6 to 7 million hybrid or electric vehicles by the year 2020. So the correct answer here is option A 1 only. See this main question. This is for practice. Define and discuss radicalization in the context of Jammu and Kashmir. Do you think deradicalization camps as suggested by India's chief of defense staff is a solution to reduce the radical tendencies among the children and the youth of Jammu and Kashmir. Now we may write answers for this question and take a photograph or convert it to PDF and upload it into your drive and in the sharing settings you make it as share the link so that anyone with the link can view and copy the link in the comment section and we will give you appropriate feedback within some 7 to 10 working days. So with this we come to the end of today's the Hindu news analysis. If you like the video, click the like button, comment, share and subscribe to Shankaray's Academy YouTube channel for more updates and content on civil services exam preparation.


Hello and welcome, this video is part of a series and last video we used this math command to get two integers, any two integers inputted by the user and add them together. The thing is I can come in here and I can type in a letter or two letters and it kind of gives me funky things because we use the scanf function which allows you to grab basically one character. We looked at fgets and also gets to get strings, but if you're just looking for a single character that's what scanf is for and we were using integers and really we should put a check in that program to make sure it's an integer, but as we're talking about today we are going to use scanf again to get a character, but then we're going to get the ASCII value of the character. Now if we go to this website, this is the first website that came up when I searched ASCII table, all the characters that you can type have different ASCII values whether you're talking about HTML, octal, hexadecimal, or decadecimal, decimal, the decimal system. We're going to be looking at getting these decimal values for our different characters and you know things like f, capital F and lowercase f are going to have different values. You can see here f is, lowercase f is 102 and capital f is 70. Let's go ahead and write a code to use that so the user can input it and get the ASCII value of that character. So I already have an empty setup here for some code and here I am going to say in our main function we're going to create a variable, a character variable, char, and we'll call it c for character. Then we'll print f a message here that asks the user to enter a character and then again we'll use scanf just like we did last time to get a single character and we're going to say percent c this time. I think last time we did a percent d because we're looking at numbers. Now we're going to be looking at a character so we're going to say it's going to be a character and we're going to put it in the variable ampersand c which is the character up here that we created. Okay, we're going to get that from the user and then we're going to say print f and here we're going to say ASCII value of and we'll say percent c of our character so that will print out whatever the character is but then we'll also give it a number of the value for that ASCII character, new line and then of course we're going to fill in and in both cases this is going to be the variable c. So one of them is going to be the character itself and the other is going to be the ASCII numeric value. If we create that properly we're going to say gcc the name of our code in this case ASCII.c in our output we'll just say ASCII go ahead and say ASCII which is dot slash is again saying we're writing command that's in this directory and we'll enter a character and we'll do f and it says the value of f equals 102 and that's a lowercase f and if we look at this and we come to f we can see the decimal value for that ASCII character is 102. We can run that again give it capital F and you can see it says 70 and that matches up with our chart right here 70. Now if we were to run this and we were to give it a couple of characters so let's do fgh you can see it's only going to grab that first character you can put in and it's going to ignore everything after that even if the user you know again typed in a bunch of things we know capital F is 70 it's going to return f equals 70. So that's how you can get the ASCII value at least the decimal value for an ASCII character I guess I should say it's not the ASCII value it's the decimal value for that ASCII character I think would be the proper way to say it. Anyway thank you for watching please visit my website filmsbychrist.com that's Chris Decay there's a link in the description you can search through my videos there you can search through my scripts and notes and programs there and you can also support me either through PayPal or through Patreon and there's links to this stuff in the description of this video as well as a link to this project getlab.com forward slash mail x1000 forward slash my bin capital M capital B and there there's a C folder that has a tutorial folder that has a list of C sample code that goes along with this video series. I thank you for watching and as always I hope that you have a great day.


got a new hat. I'm not sure what I think yet. It's the pink too much. What do you guys think? Anyway I also got blue. I'm actually going to my hairdresser next weekend so you guys will see some non-hat videos soon.  Things that I would probably walk right past and that is one thing I love doing why I love doing featured seller videos because I learn so much. Like you guys learn from my what sold videos. I don't really learn from those. You know I guess seeing the items again helps me but when I do featured seller videos it's kind of like you guys when you watch my videos like I'm learning also and I love that. So Toledo Antiques is who I'm featuring and they were recently on my live show my volo live show if you missed that definitely go check it out but I pulled different items from their sold list and they are amazing you guys. They are definitely somebody that you should check out and I forgot to pull up their eBay store. Let me do that real quick. I don't have a pause button so I think you can still see me. I am pulling up their channel. I usually do this ahead of time and for some reason I forgot and I want to make sure I show it to you guys because that is what I do. Everybody that shares their volos with us I like to take the time to share with you guys their channels because you guys can definitely learn from them and I really appreciate their time that they take to send me the volos. Okay it's pulled up so I'm gonna show you that real quick first and here it is. Toledo Antique. So this is their YouTube channel. It is a reseller channel so please definitely go over and subscribe to them. There will be a link in the description of the video. All right let's get started with some big money volos. All right I do have you see up here this little says update so I have a Google update. Hope that doesn't mess anything up. All right so the first item is this TL I'm sorry LCT yeah it's up LCT Tiffany Studios art glass and when they were on the Bolo live show they mentioned that they bought a bunch of Tiffany items which just amazing to me how much these items sell for. I know they did pay up for these items but they knew that they would sell for big money so it was worth it. So they got this at an estate sale and it was an estate sale of an antique dealer. They did pay $300 for this but it sold for the asking price of $1,599. I can't say that I even would have picked this up and looked at the bottom and if I did I can't say I would have thought anything of it so there you go. The next item that sold is this big jug. It's called turkey droppings. I don't know why it's called turkey droppings maybe are those supposed to look like turkey droppings? I don't know it's very odd but it is a crock and it has a crack and you can see right here they pointed out the crack they put that it has a crack in the title and it sold for $69.99 and the buyer looks like they paid $120 for the shipping so that is a lot of money for shipping. This was a consignment item so they paid half of this old price to the person that gave it to them to consign. The next item is this vintage Warwick Laga Champion Rodney Stone Pitcher with a bulldog on it. How cool is that? So this one they bought it in a state sale they paid $30 for it and it sold for $154.25 and it had four unique bidders or I'm sorry four bids and you can see here their pictures show you know the height I do that too with the measuring tape. Here's what's on the bottom. Always always take a picture of any type of label or marking that definitely helps your buyers decide. This is a three-string triangular wooden banjo. How cool is that? I'm telling you they have really unique cool items in their store so definitely check out their store. Again I will also link that down in the description of the video. So they got this at a local auction they paid $3 for it and it sold for $100. Oh I'm sorry I've been recording videos for a while tonight I should have grabbed a water. Sorry they said it did take a year to sell so maybe not the most like high demand item but definitely a weight on the right buyer and you'll make some money. $3 into $100 is fantastic. The next item is this vintage Stanley Bailey hand plane okay and this was doing that the other day when I was doing the live show it must be when I zoom in that I'm getting that issue. So this one they bought at a local estate sale they paid $5 for it and it sold for $119.99 and it sold within a few weeks it looks like they auctioned it. The next item is this Fenton carnival glass footed cake plate 85th birthday December 1st 2000 and I believe carnival glass has that like iridescent look to it. I don't know you know who is really good at glass is over the years if you guys have not checked out their YouTube channel definitely check it out. So here is the sticker and it says Fenton and I think Fenton varies so definitely look it up if you see it. This was a consignment item paid half of the price to the client and it sold for $99. The next item are these collection of eight laudro I think is how you say it laudro Christmas ornament bells these they were got from an estate sale they paid $2 for each so a total of $16 they took a month to sell and they sold for $89.99 and I don't tell you guys how long things took to sell because I don't keep track of that I wonder how they keep track of it that would be interesting I wonder if like they put the date they listed it in the SKU I could do that I don't know okay this one I love this one it's sleeping beauty door jewelry box they bought this at a garage sale for $3 and it sold for $70 took one year to sell so this is definitely an item I would pick up and most of their items are not items I would pick up just because I'm not knowledgeable but this I would have picked up super cute the next item is this timeless collectibles by boutique enterprises Emmett and his sleigh this came from it was consignment for a client paid half the price to the client sold for $59.99 and it sold within a week so it was a fast sale um I don't know why I guess it's collectible highly collectible maybe looks like it's got its paperwork so yeah the next item that sold is this americana golden heritage silverware and it is gold silverware and I have heard that gold silverware can be a bolo so I definitely wanted to share this one with you guys I don't I'm sure the pattern can make a difference too and what it sells for but I have seen other people sell gold silverware uh they got this at an estate sale paid $10 and it sold for $74.99 but it did take a year to sell the next item is this vintage netty rosin stein sweet pea brooch with clear rhinestones I just thought this was adorable um it's a little pee it's a pee pod and this one they bought it in a state sale paid $5 and it sold for $59.99 super cute the next item I love this it's so cute it's a horrend hungry or hungary hungry hung hungary oh my goodness they're gonna watch this and be like man that girl does not know how to pronounce anything um hand painted miniature owl figurine so definitely check out their channel because I don't know if they do what sold videos but I'm sure that they talk about these items and they can tell you how to pronounce these things um consignment for a client paid half of the price to the client and it sold for $64.99 and that is adorable I definitely 100% would have picked that little guy up the next item is this vintage brown bakelite bangle bracelet we all know that bakelite can be a major bolo and it does definitely vary but this bracelet sold for $57.99 they bought it at a store closing sale and paid two dollars and if you guys do not know how to test for bakelite I do have two separate videos on that I just did a more recent one of some items that I got in a mystery jewelry box and it turned out that some of them were bakelite so definitely check out that video the next item is this Ned folds redware pottery cow plate uh I don't typically pick up plates I know some people sell plates but like the decorative plates but I probably would have walked right past this um I don't know it's a cow uh let's see it sold for $39.99 paid three dollars for it at an estate sale and it sold within a couple weeks so I would have walked right past money just because I don't like plates the next item is this J.H. Williams deep throat clamp uh yeah I would have brought that home and said to my husband what is this he probably would have known bought at a garage sale of my neighbors paid two dollars and sold it for 30 sold within a couple months so again tools are not really I'm not big on tools the next item is this corgi I have sold this brand before so um I probably would have picked this up it's a 326 Chevrolet Caprice police car I think I said that right uh consignment for a client paid half the price to the client sold for 34.99 sold within a couple weeks and I also have more of those that I sold in the same week in my store for for local market all right the next item is this retro alarm clock and it has glow in the dark hands but you can see it's just a small little clock does a tape go in the back oh no maybe not it looks like a tape cassette but it's not I think those are just like maybe things you turn probably to set the time okay we'll pretend I didn't say that it's getting late here in Ohio um paid three dollars and sold it for 34.99 they got it at an estate sale and it sold within a couple weeks the next item is this Thorin's movement elder wise music box super cute I feel like I have something similar to this listed not the same but similar and mine is not as detailed and I don't think it's the same brand but it's similar I have to look maybe it's sold I can't remember but uh they bought this at an estate sale for a dollar and it sold for 65 dollars within a couple months and the buyer paid shipping the next item is this vintage star wars c-3po carrying case and this is what it looks like and they got this for eight bucks at an estate sale and it sold for 69 dollars and 99 cents the buyer paid the shipping and it sold within a month the next item they sold is this techniques by Panasonic um it's a direct drive player system it's a turntable you guys uh bought from a client paid 50 and it sold for 350 dollars sold within a year that's weird my ears are ringing do you guys ever have ringing ears I don't have it very often but they're ringing okay the next item okay it quit that was odd vintage Arthur I'm getting old my ears were ringing vintage Arthur Godfrey baritone ukulele my husband has sold ukuleles before I think he has one that he needs the list it's some type of little instrument but they got this at uh oh here it is bought at a local auction paid two dollars and sold it for 400 dollars within a year wow that is awesome two bucks guys into 400 now that is a bolo the next item is this bohemian is that bohemian or bohem oh my goodness this is why I don't sell these types of things because I can't look them up because I don't know what they say all right um limited issue princess diana rose with daffodils 1984 england this is really pretty um I can't say that I would have grabbed it would you guys have grabbed it here's the bottom I probably would have looked it up bo him bohem bohem all right I know you guys are gonna um let me know in the comments how to pronounce it because you always do you guys are awesome okay uh let's see bought at a local estate for six dollars and sold it for 199 dollars and 99 cents and sold within a month and that that's a quick flip the next item is this dresden sandicelle sandicelle figurine woman playing a piano this one I would have walked right past it yeah I would have walked right past it how about you guys consignment for a client paid half of the sold price to the client and it sold for 200 dollars and the buyer paid shipping the next item are these edgerton china dinner plates e 209-311 set of six and let me get you a picture of the bottom right there it is and these they bought it in a state sale paid 50 sold for 250 sold within a year says I actually bought 12 of those and I sold six in the first month after I bought it for 250 and then I re-listed the other six left and sold them within six months so 500 dollars they made on that that's amazing the next is this brussels brussels worlds fair bracelet map and booklets huh okay interesting it's got so it's kind of like ephemera but it has a bracelet interesting I'm not sure I would have picked that up uh bought it a garage sale paid 10 dollars and sold it for 199 dollars and 99 cents sold within a year the next item is another flower and you can see here it's really quite detailed they got this oh it's that same brand that I can't pronounce oh and this one it's written on the stem so you got to kind of look and it is made in England that's cool and it's porcelain flower sculpture pat nixon camila I think camilla I don't know uh bought it in a state sale same that I bought the other flower listed paid three dollars sold it for 149 dollars and 99 cents sold in a few weeks arrived in perfect condition to the client so I told them they need to um or not need to but I would like them to do some shipping videos on how they ship their glass and their plates because they have sold like big sets of glass and I'm like how on earth you get that to arrive without breaking so I definitely am hoping that they will do a video and if they do I will share it on my community page for you guys because I'm sure you're all wondering how they do it also this is really cool it's vintage art glass perfume bottle signed so where for were for I don't know if that's the silent but anyway it's really really cool definitely a very cool piece and you can see it's dated and signed right there it's really really neat it had two bids and sold for 149 dollars and 99 cents they got it in a state sale for dollars and yeah I wouldn't have known that that was a perfume bottle the next item they sold is this worlds Colombian exposition Chicago 1894 illustrated portfolio edition so I guess it's like a portfolio type book and they got this consignment for a client paid half of the sold price to the client and it sold for 149 dollars and 99 cents and it sold within a week so definitely very cool so their eBay store is Ohio stamp and again I will put a link down in the description of the video but you can see they have lots of items that I don't like to ship so you can definitely definitely gain and learn from looking through their store because they have amazing stuff and you're not going to learn this stuff from me because I'm not shipping this type of stuff so definitely check them out check out their YouTube channel again it is Toledo antique and they do a thing a silver dollar giveaway so definitely check out that video to see what that's all about and not tons of content yet but their channel is definitely growing and I think they're looking to expand it even more but they do have a lot of knowledge on vintage and antique items so please go over and subscribe and tell them Bolo buddy sent you all right you guys thanks for being here thanks for watching and I'll see you at the next video and let me know what you think about the pink I mean I'm keeping it because it's a hat and I did link down in the description of the video the link if anybody wants to go and buy a hat like this with the bill I put a link down there you never know oh and what's really cool this is for my female viewers that can wear a ponytail there's a hole up here and your ponytail can stick out of it so if you want to wear your hair in a ponytail but you still want to keep your head warm it's got a ponytail hole all right you guys thanks for watching and I'll see at the next Bolo video oh I kind of like that I'll see you at the next Bolo video


Mmm, I know that looked like a giant carton of Oreo ice cream. It was like a healthy unsweetened Greek yogurt I just I put it in the Oreo ice cream container. See there's no it's not ice cream Hello, my beautiful friends and welcome back So I definitely have some news for you guys Yesterday my lovely husband and I went up to Denver to get a second opinion from a surgeon recap If you don't know what's going on off side note if they're like Oreo specks in my teeth I'm really sorry not that I was eating Oreo ice cream I'm just saying like hypothetically if there were I apologize long story short I had surgery back in March to fix my amputation I had an amputation revision surgery to fix some issues that were going on it didn't fix it It fixed the problem, but somehow new ones came up that I was having lots of pain lots of issues I couldn't use my prosthetic leg at all we're now at month seven post amputation where I can't walk I Decided to go ahead and get a second opinion from a second surgeon after seeing my initial surgeon for the issues that I was Having and that didn't come to anything. It was a great appointment to be honest with you I was really nervous and really hesitant heading in that whole learned helplessness thing that we talked about It was really really plaguing my mind, but I felt more aware of it I felt more aware of the fact that like okay, you feel like you have no control You feel like nothing's gonna work out But that doesn't have to be reality like we can only have control over the things that we have control over The only thing I control is my actions and my reactions And so I tried to be as put together as I could be for that appointment and long story short love my surgeon My new surgeon. I think he's great He's a very talented guy who's come highly recommended by a lot of people a lot of people He took a look at things and he is someone who is very hesitant to do surgery Because you never know what's really gonna fix things right what has happened since my last surgery is that there is bone growth Where there shouldn't be bone growth at the very end of my leg I'll pop an X-ray up on screen You can kind of see where on the one side It comes down past the other bone and kind of goes like this right well It's kind of sharp in there and it shouldn't come down like that And one of the biggest issues is there's no soft tissue surrounding it There's like no muscle and so it's kind of bone grinding on Whatever and considering how the bone growth is it's also kind of sharp and uncomfortable And so what we're gonna do we have a course of action if nothing else I am super grateful for a course of action at least I know how to move forward I'm frightened for what the future holds, but I can't control that we are gonna spend the next two Four weeks slavering my leg in CBD oil in high quality just the best Colorado has to offer I'm headed down to a dispensary actually later today. That's right a dispensary not any grocery store stuff And we are going to see if that works considering other things happened There isn't necessarily a high probability that it will and considering that I have tried CBD oil in the past for my neck Not oil cream. That's the difference. I've tried the cream before I don't know that it'll work But hey it could and if that works great and I'll be walking, but if it doesn't I'll be head back in for surgery In about a month and they will fix things up. They'll shave down that bone there They'll put bone wax on it to hopefully stop that growth from happening again A plastic surgeon will be involved to fix the crease down the middle of my leg not for cosmetic purposes at all It can actually cause issues and they are going to stretch my leg Like stretch the skin the the muscle and and everything to try to get more Tissue to support that that bone so that it's not right at the surface We'll talk a little bit more about that, but let's head out and get some cvd oil We are gonna go to a pot shop to a dispensary. I always feel weird going into one which is so silly I was just like raised to think that all drugs are terrible So even though I've tried marijuana before for pain. I just it like didn't work for me I still feel weird still feel weird going. So I'll take you guys with me. You'll keep me company. I'll feel safer We have arrived just like homeschool. Joe is like this isn't this isn't sorry. This isn't right There's weed here. That was my impression of 13 year old me. Let's give it a shot guys I'm just gonna keep my fingers crossed cvd oil is the cure success guys This is really freaking expensive So let's hope it works. It does come in pretty packaging though. So this is restore by kodak lemon lavender and frankincense Should smell nice and I'm gonna go ahead home and give this a shot and see if it works Fingers crossed that it does that was actually a really nice place. They were super nice in there We're here. We're home. We have our crafted for luxury relief cpd oil I'm gonna need you guys do something for me real quick and uh, no It's not hit like and subscribe on this video Like you thought I was about to say though if you want to do that that'd be cool too Cross your fingers for me guys. This actually works It'd be really cool if it was effective and it is time to give this a shot I don't expect this to like work immediately or anything like that. I'm not sure what your experiences are Let me know in the comment section down below if you've tried cpd oil and if it helps you But um from my understanding it can it can take a little while sometimes So my surgeons that I should know within two three weeks tops if it's really working or not if I have to have surgery It's gonna be great I'm gonna get through it and side. No if I did have to have surgery my little heart or peach or butt Like most people call it like that line that goes down the middle of my leg Would actually be gone um because of the the plastic surgery that they would do again It's not at all for cosmetic reasons There's other reasons but a byproduct would be that that crease is gone and I I don't I don't love it If nothing else that'd be something to be happy about so let's get this started Let's get this process started tonight And I'm gonna stay consistent with it give it a solid shot to work and gosh darn it. I hope it does Sorry for the weird lighting guys. That's just how it is right now. How do we do this? It smells really nice actually massage this emollient rich Solve onto any area of the body that needs softening and enjoy. I don't need softening guys I need pain relief. Is that cool? Definitely definitely smells like weed. I actually expected it not to I don't know if you've ever like walked into a room and been like someone is someone is definitely smoking Something that is not a cigarette nearby. That's what it smells like I talked to the people at the store about this and they said that this was like the strongest best relief that I could find I may experiment with some some other ones and we'll see what happens cross your fingers for me guys Uh, if you like this video, I'd love it if you'd hit like and subscribe. I'm a youtuber I gotta say that right uh brain just got home So I'm gonna hit stop recording on this video and hang out with my lovely husband But I love you guys. I am thinking about you and I'll see you in the next video Bye guys. Have an awesome night. It makes my fingers feel weird. I don't know that's supposed to happen or not We'll we'll see. Hopefully it'll be fine


Today, I'm going to talk with you a little bit about the economics of establishing alfalfa. Now, this can be done in a couple different scenarios, kind of the way we've been looking at it lately. The first is establishing alfalfa, you know, as just a traditional pure stand of alfalfa. The other thing we've been looking at lately is establishing alfalfa in a couple different stands, whether that be mixed grass pastures, Bermuda grass, Bahia grass or a fescue pasture. And so I think we can evaluate either scenario here. So we'll get into talking about a little bit about the economics of establishing alfalfa. Okay, so whenever we're thinking about establishing alfalfa from an economics perspective, we're going to do an economic analysis to involve the estimation of production costs, as well as the expected receipts generated from the adoption of alfalfa. So once production costs are known, producers are in a much better position in order to evaluate the adoption of alfalfa or any other forge. So our first objective here today is just to determine what our establishment costs for alfalfa are. And we're going to do that using a couple different methods here. The first one is looking at our variable costs. Our variable costs are those costs that can be eliminated by not producing the crop. So you know, if we decided not to plant alfalfa this year, obviously those fertilizer or lime or seed costs would not occur for. So those costs can be eliminated. These are typically, variable costs are also going to be cash costs that are typically used for production. They can be seeded, as we mentioned, fertilizer, lime, custom hire applications. We're talking about fuel, repairs and maintenance, hired labor. We're talking about operating capital. This is a business. We're going to treat it like one. We're going to have to include interest in operating capital and then some chemicals that we may do. We're going to use a burn down in order to get our alfalfa established in the fall. So we're going to have a little bit on all these variable costs here for us to include in our budget. The next one is going to be our fixed costs. So whenever we're evaluating things, fixed costs, we probably already occurred these fixed costs, but these fixed costs recur regardless of whether we decide to produce the crop. So fixed costs, we're just going to use our prorated share towards alfalfa. Whenever we're beginning into alfalfa, we don't need to plant the whole farm in alfalfa.  We want to make sure that we diversify our risk if we're able to. So the fixed costs are going to include a prorated establishment cost. So prorated establishment costs of alfalfa. Then there's going to be our tractor costs, planting and land preparation equipment, and rental as well as our management. This is a high management crop that is going to take a lot of time and we've got to focus on that. So we're going to also include a management fee to make sure we pay ourselves for the additional management that we have to apply to an alfalfa crop. There's also fixed costs on equipment, like depreciation, interest on that investment as well as insurance. There's lots of fixed costs for us potentially include in establishing this alfalfa stand. Again, I understand that we may have already incurred some of these costs, but if we're taking out some other production and putting it into alfalfa, that took those costs from that perennial stand or just an annual forward stand and put those additional fixed costs into this alfalfa category. So whenever we're thinking about our largest fixed cost, this is probably going to be the cost of establishment. And again, we'll prorate this establishment cost, but it's very important to think about, you know, on an annual basis, we get three or four years out there and you're looking at what your cash costs are. It's very important for us to realize that our largest cost for alfalfa on the fixed side of things was probably that cost of establishment. And so in order to account for the stand establishment in an economic analysis, our total establishment costs are going to be prorated over the stand's useful life. And so as a result of this, obviously that longer, useful life is going to be very important in reducing those annual fixed costs, whereas we're talking about that cost of establishment, reducing that cost of establishment based on a longer, useful life of that stand. So that's very important for us. So just a couple of things here. We'll go to Excel spreadsheet in just a moment, but whenever we're thinking about establishment costs for alfalfa, you know, in this changes each time we run the numbers, it can be anywhere from, from 300 to $500 per acre with some of the producers I've been working with, and these are just averages here. 28% of our establishment cost has been in seed costs. It's a very expensive seed and 38% have been in fertilizer and lime expenditures. So lime and fertilizer inputs. Obviously, these are going to vary greatly depending on the level of fertility of the soil as well as our soil pH. And then the seed costs are going to depend, that percentage of seed costs is going to depend if we're talking about a pure stand of alfalfa or if we're blending this in or mixing this into a mixed stand of alfalfa permutagrass, alfalfa behagrass, or even an alfalfa fescue stand. So those are just some of the things we're going to be thinking about as we, as we make some of these, some of these decisions. So I talk a little bit about the keys to alfalfa success. So in terms of, you know, the first key obviously is going to be stand longevity. The useful life of these alfalfa stands is, is, is really going to be the number one factor in determining the success of alfalfa from an economics perspective. And we'll get to an example on that in just a second. The second one is going to be total level of forage production. Whether this is alfalfa by itself or alfalfa mixed with permutagrass or behagrass or fescue, as we just mentioned, forage production is going to be critical in order to, in order to really be thinking about how much we harvest or how much we get into the animal from a grazing perspective, as well as, and then third one is going to be cost control. You know, this isn't, this is something we want it to be. We want to get that establishment done right. By the same time, we want to be conservative and not provide the plant with with more nutrients or more cost than that plant can take or really afford. So those are kind of what we're thinking about in terms of our keys. Just we want to focus on useful life. We also want to have, you know, high levels of forage production are obviously going to help make this economical and then cost control. So think about with me just a little bit in terms of the economics of establishing alfalfa, think about this prorated establishment costs. You know, if it's costing me $424 per acre to establish alfalfa, and you know, if in, and you know, in the, in the first year, you know, if I only have a one year useful life, that prorated establishment costs all occurs in that first year. So we have additional annual expenditures other than our prorated establishment costs, like after the first cutting, the additional fertilizer is not included in an establishment costs. So we have those establishment costs plus any annual costs the first year. Just for one year is a very expensive crop to grow. Now, when you start getting two, three, four, even five or six years out of an alfalfa stand, it makes it extremely economical. These are the scenarios where, hey, this alfalfa stand is is easily paying for itself. I'm looking at that three to four year time period there being a very successful alfalfa stand for us. Two years is a little tough on us. One year is just, we have to be, it has to be a very, very productive stand, we, or we have to have done it for extremely cheap to that potentially, for us to potentially make that work. So I've done just a little bit in terms of looking at alfalfa bermudagrass stands here and whenever we're doing an economic analysis of alfalfa bermudagrass, in terms of forage pasture costs per dry matter ton consumed. So this is for grazing alfalfa. You know, just if I have an alfalfa bermudagrass stand and I'm looking at comparing that to other feedstuffs, looking at break even costs here in terms of, you know, $200 a ton for some very high quality feedstuffs. If we were making a comparison between this, this forage quality and some feedstuffs, then this forage production of 4,000 pounds per acre consumption of 2,000, so 50% in the animal. In that first scenario, there are about $200 a ton in terms of growing and grazing per dry matter ton consumed. We feel like that's an economical level. That would be a scenario which we could move forward. So obviously, you know, if we can control our annual alfalfa bermudagrass forage production costs in that $300 range and we get more than 6,000 pounds of production between alfalfa and bermudagrass. For that mixture, then we're going to get very economical results in this scenario. But again, it's focused on the agronomy side of things. We can have that cost control and cost control of growing this stand of alfalfa bermudagrass or alfalfa by itself, but we have to get the production and we have to get the stand longevity here in order to really make this work. So, I'll switch over just a second. So we're going to talk a little bit about utilizing a computerized budget spreadsheet to help aid us in the development of alfalfa bermudagrass, developing an alfalfa bermudagrass budget that's tailored more to your specific scenario. And we can, this spreadsheet I'm about to share with you is available at the Range Scale REC economics page. And that's just something that it can really be a really good resource for us as we're thinking about establishing our own alfalfa bermudagrass stand. So let's look now at our alfalfa establishment budget. So what we're looking at here is, we'll call it table one, estimated cost of establishment for alfalfa. And this is just a general budget for the Southeast United States. And what we're looking at here is establishing alfalfa, pure stand of alfalfa. And these are, you know, easily we can change any of these scenarios if we're just looking at 50 acres in this scenario. And hopefully let's look at a three year useful life of alfalfa. You know, so some of the costs here. We have our soil tests, we have seed, different types of fertilizer, whether it be animal manure or commercial fertilizer. Other expenditures will have a lime, custom lime spread, weed control, management and equipment, hired labor, forage tests, if we want to start testing some of the product that we're producing. Some miscellaneous expenses. Everyone's going to have a little bit different expenses for their operation and then interest on one half of operating costs. So those are just some of the variable costs that we're going to get into here. Fixed costs wise, obviously it's going to be machinery and equipment, those ownership costs. We have general overhead, that management fee that we discussed and then land rent. OK, so going back to our soil tests, you know, we're going to want a soil test to evaluate what nutrients are out there in our soil and what we might need to apply. You know, here we're looking at one sample for 20 acres. So in terms of a unit of an acre, that's going to be 0.05. Seven dollars per soil test. So, you know, it's going to contribute very little on a cost per acre basis. You know, seed is going to be something that's a that's going to be a major cost for us here. So seed is, you know, it's in that 475 right now is kind of what we've we've averaged a bunch of seeds together in terms of some of the seed costs that we're looking at 25 pounds per acre. So work with your agronomist to to think about exactly what you're staying, depending on what your goals are in terms of getting this alfalfa planted. But, you know, that's $118 per acre, or just under 28 percent of total cost is just going to be tied up in seed. So this is something, you know, 28 percent of cost is something we have to get done right the first time. So we're not looking just when we get down to the fertilizer. We're not looking at applying any nitrogen. Again, if your specific scenario requires some, that's just something we're going to have to add here. Phosphorus here of 130 pounds per per acre at 36 cents per pound. So approximately 10 percent of our total cost of establishing alfalfa is just going to be in terms of phosphorus. As we know, potassium as our agronomist and animal scientists have mentioned to us, potassium is going to be a high requirement for alfalfa. Looking at 200 pounds per acre at 44 cents a pound. Potassium prices have increased, you know, over the last year. So that's, we got a little bit higher potassium costs. Up to 20 percent now of our total costs for alfalfa are going to just be alfalfa or potassium costs. We've got a micro nutrient package here that we're including. Again, that's going to be based on evaluating your soil tests and what you might be missing. You know, I like to include some fertilizer procurement because, you know, unless you're getting it delivered into the farm and that fertilizer procurement is already included into the price, then it's going to take some time and there's going to be some variable costs related to procuring fertilizer. Commercial fertilizer application. We're looking at one application. This could easily be two if you split these into multiple applications, but $8 an acre on fertilizer procurement there. Lime, we're looking at two tons per acre, prorated over five years here on our line at $35 a ton on our line. That's $14 an acre. Again, we got to have that lime spread. This is just a product here on our line. So custom lime spread, additional $1.60 an acre. We've got to have a burn down here for for burning down in the fall, regardless of whether you use Cromoxon or if you're looking at or if you're looking at a roundup or glyphosate. So, you know, we're going to have to have some some type of chemical here that we're going to make things dormant, most likely just depending on your individual situation, going from a prepared seed bed, maybe you don't need that. But there would definitely be some additional machinery equipment included and this is looking at just no tilling it into a dormant seed bed here and that's $13.53 and that's just going to be the variable cost of the machinery equipment and getting this no tilled into our our dormant stand. You know, these are some costs I like to include in there. If you've got additional hired labor, it's important to get those costs covered. In terms of forage tests, one sample per 10 acres, $7 an acre that's 70 cents per acre, not a big cost, very important. If you're if you're marketing a pure standard of alfalfa to to some horse producers or or anything such as that, it's important to be able to share with them what that potential, the quality that forage is and everyone's got different costs. So I kind of leave this up to producers to figure out, you know, what additional miscellaneous expenses, no matter what they are for them to be able to include those here include about $15 an acre. Interest on operating expense, even as interest rates have went down in terms of what the Federal Reserve lends to banks, they went up for our for through our farm credit systems. We're looking at operating interest right now 625 on a lot of loans. We're in a high risk environment here. So easily you can see our total cost of alfalfa establishment is easily already $350 an acre here on 50 acres. If we're looking at establishing 50, 50 acres of alfalfa, but pure stand, we're looking at close to $17,472 here. So 80% of our costs in terms of this alfalfa stand are going to be variable costs. That's very important for us to recognize. You know, we talk about estimated fixed costs, machinery equipment. Again, this is going to be some of those fixed costs that are associated with our no till drill, as well as that fertilizer procurement that we have above. So $11 and 80 and 89 cents per acre in terms of additional machinery equipment just owning the equipment. So these costs would occur regardless of whether we plan alfalfa that year. So these costs, but they're real. They're still real. We have to replace this machinery equipment over its long run. And we've already, this includes that purchase price. And we're just spreading it out over the crop or the commodity. General overhead, you know, paying for things like barn, as well as some of our administrative expenses there. Just general overhead. We include about 7% of kind of what we do in terms of variable costs as general overhead. And so general overhead of those variable costs is going to be about $25. So, you know, there's additional expenses that we could have, you know, broken it out, but just in a general overhead manner here in terms of our barn, as well as some other piece of machinery equipment that we that we might use from year to year in terms of this alfalfa stand is included there for general overhead. I like to include a management fee in terms of our estimated fixed costs. So we have a management fee here of 6% of our variable costs, which is about $20. Again, this alfalfa, it's a very, you know, high management crop that we really have to be focused on in terms of managing this alfalfa crop to really get good levels of longevity and production here. It's going to take a lot of time, not just managing it, but studying it and and learning how we can make our alfalfa crops even better. Again, land rent, we want to be paid if whether we own it or you have to pay a cash rent, we want to be we want to include this cost as a business cost, and we want to get paid for our resources and make sure that we're evaluating this correctly. So total fixed costs here $82 per acre, $4,115 in fixed costs. So whenever you combine our variable costs and fixed costs here over $331 per acre and variable and fixed costs. And then on the other side of things you also have for 50 acres, we'd be looking at about $21,587 here. So whenever we're thinking about establishing a large track like 50 acres for alfalfa, it's important to know what those potential cash obligations could be in terms of variable costs, as well as what some of those fixed costs what we're what we're sending some of these fixed costs to this that are establishing our alfalfa stand. So again, and again, this is just getting established later in the year, we may have some additional costs. And those would be on our annual cost budget for the first year of an alfalfa stand. So right now, if we're looking at potentially, we had 50 acres at a three year useful life, you know, potentially out there we had, we had, you know, $21,000 invested, just to get this stand established. If we're able to spread that out over three years, that becomes $7,195 or $143 per acre. So again, this potential useful life here, you know, it can be very valuable to us, in terms of reducing this establishment cost and not having such a high number on our annual alfalfa budget each year. So again, this is just looking at this is available to producers, looking at it in terms of cost of establishment of alfalfa. We also have one that's focused a little bit on establishing alfalfa into Bermuda grass. Again, this could easily be utilized for behave grass or fescue, but this is kind of what we're focused on right now in terms of of getting this alfalfa established. So with that, we'll switch back to our PowerPoint. Just wanted to share with you one more time. The economics of establishing alfalfa, again, that was our computerized budget spreadsheet. And as we as we move forward here, we'll continue to put more tools and more spreadsheets available on our range gal research, range gal research and education center economics page. And this is available at this website below here. You can just Google range gal research and education center, Chris pervat and or economics, and it'll bring you right to this page. And it'll just be alfalfa in the south or alfalfa establishment budget. So with that, I just like to wish you good luck establishing alfalfa in fall 2020. And if you have any questions, be sure to contact you can contact me, or you can contact your your state of agronomists, animal scientists or economists. So with that, good luck. And we'll talk with you soon. Thank you.


The Materials Research Society is proud to announce the 2020 MRS Communications Lecture Honorees, Drs. Chun-Tae Chen and Grace Gu from the University of California, Berkeley. The honor recognizes excellence in the field of materials research through work published in MRS Communications. Drs. Chen and Gu are recognized this year for their prospective paper on how researchers are harnessing artificial intelligence to accelerate the design and discovery of composite materials. Their work is featured in Volume 9, Issue 2 of MRS Communications. Composites are combinations of two or more base materials whose collective properties exceed those possessed by either material alone. Composites are widely used as structural materials in the automotive and aerospace industries and can also be easily found in nature. Limitations in manufacturing methods have generally restricted the architecture these materials take on in real-world applications. Most commonly, they're processed into multi-layer sheets, but with advances in techniques such as 3D printing, composites can take on entirely new and complex shapes. While this newfound freedom makes room for researchers to create composites with superior properties, it also opens up an even bigger challenge. How can researchers get more out of composites? And what combinations of composition and structure are possible but have yet to be discovered? That's where artificial intelligence provides a much-needed assist. Machine learning methods offer the capacity to screen vast numbers of materials combinations to suit virtually any application. Traditional materials discovery is a long and incremental process. Scientists and engineers must rely on intuition and sometimes luck just to get started. Testing only comes after a thorough vetting of possible combinations, and even then the discovery of a new and useful composite isn't guaranteed. Using machine learning methods, researchers can probe this vast space of would-be materials faster than ever. Instead of relying on intuition alone, they can leverage the processing power of today's computers to find otherwise invisible patterns in raw lab data. Already, researchers are using machine learning to discover new materials. For instance, researchers have used an iterative screening process to search for high-performing forms of graphene that resemble origami. Dr. Gu and colleagues have used convolutional neural networks to design composites for strength and toughness. One challenge that remains in this growing field is developing more efficient search techniques that yield high-performing candidate materials without exploring the entire design space. Still, machine learning is proving to be a powerful part of the materials researcher's toolkit, and it will likely only get better. As doctors Chen and Gu highlight in their paper, machine learning stands to revolutionize approaches to the design and optimization of composites, making room for the next generation of materials with unprecedented properties.


So what were the brand objectives and challenges that you were trying to tackle with the three, with the three campaigns and how did ultimately IPL come into picture. Yeah, so the IPL 2020, which was ideally in quarter four of the year was actually a welcome change from what the world was undergoing and what India was undergoing at that point of time. It was frankly revival of live sport. It was the biggest thing on television coming in the festival season and from a COVID point of view, the Indian economy was kind of coming back. So for a mindset point of view, it was the right time for advertisers to latch on and promote their wares in the massive festival season. For cars for the auto industry, both October and December months are really strong in secondary sales. So it was a solid match for any brand like ours to be part of IPL 2020. So as I mean IPL 2020 gives you a lot or IPL gives you a lot of opportunities, you can do a single brand build over 60 days, you can do multi campaign build over 60 days. So it depends on your objective. For us, we kind of staggered the period and it was a long period last year into three campaigns.  We had launched our venue IMT, which is a disruptive technology. So we used IPL for that. And then in the fag end of the IPL, we had the launch of the all new I20, which was a disruptive product which got the Indian car of the year. So we used all, I mean, we use the full breadth of the property to actually kind of animate my entire entry range. So it was a strong, I would say it was the right property at the right time for us. Okay, okay. And you know, IPL on TV is a very mass. I mean, I think everybody watches IPL if we can say that. How then did you pick and choose that all three brands and all three campaigns would be served the right kind of audience? I mean, is it that you were targeting the same set from demographics and behavior point of view? Yeah, so this was frankly, all the three campaigns were kind of having a center of gravity sub 10 lakhs. So from a demographic point of view, it was the male skewed TG. I mean, more than 400 million reaches primarily male, but the interesting part of IPL 2020 is that we got more than 200 million women coming in. We had more than 200 million youth coming in. So it dominated the single screen household for us. So when you have the dominant voice watching in a single screen household and today car buying is maybe the decision of the male in the house. But there is a very strong influence from family, from the wife, from the children, etc. So that opportunity should not be missed for a category like for a high involvement purchase category like ours. So it was great for us. And obviously the big thing in IPL over the last few years is the legalization. I mean, with cars like ours and the growth that we are getting from the South market, for example, IPL now gives you a balance across eight languages. So this is not, I would say, targeting one specific TG or targeting one specific psychographic. I think it gives you a very broad base and with the kind of CPTs you get, it is one of the strongest places to be for a category like ours. Storytelling, feature benefit, video showcase, kind of getting the engagement from our buyers. A video format is much bigger than a static format. Also in TV you can do regional buys, you can do prime time, non-prime time, you can do impact. You can measure all of them separately. You can index an election over a reality show. So there is a lot of, I would say, science and measurability on television. So we are still very strongly, I would say, balancing TV in our spends. All five of our parameters moved. We tracked them on a monthly basis. We don't track before IPL, after IPL, but we do that regularly. So without giving you specific numbers, we can clearly tell you that we had very good research recall on our advertising. And we had good movements on our funnel parameters. And that is something that is very important for us because a part of the ROI delivery is this movement. So I would say top funnel movement and also consideration movement and also some growth in inquiries was a good delivery of IPL 20. But Roshani, I should also give you a caveat that this was a festival period. As I told you for auto, there is anyway a high index month. So I don't think we will be able to differentiate how much you apportion to IPL. But yes, the numbers were very, very strong. And very well, the market was coming back, mobility was coming back. So there was a lot of other factors influencing the numbers in the last quarter. And yes, I definitely feel that from a top funnel point of view, from an awareness point of view towards our campaigns, IPL was definitely beneficial.


Hi everyone, Joe for jazzy'scasebreaks.com with a nice one here, especially during hockey playoff season We got 2020-2021 upper deck the cup hockey one box random number block break number three So you've seen us do these random number block formats as a filler where we were there only for like specific teams This for here the entire box is random number block format right here There is a possibility for some non numbered cards will be randomizing those To one person in the break if it's a non numbered card I think the the lamp lighter or the little die cut Autos are actually not Not numbered so that would be the case right there All right, big thanks to the to the folks who bought their spots straight up and Congrats to the people who won their spots in those extended series hanger packs Congrats again. They're the numbers right there. Let's roll it. Let's randomize it five and a five ten the hard way one two three four five six seven eight nine and 10th and final time we got Joe down to Eddie five and a five Ten the hard way for the teams teams for the numbers two three four five six seven eight nine and ten We got zero down to three Remember zero gets any in all redemptions including one-of-one redemptions But Joe also has one so your bases are covered Joe with zero James at six Ryan with nine and Mark with eight Kevin with seven Joe last Bob Mojo one Craig with five Ryan with two Mark with four and Eddie with three So let's order these numerically. We are gonna pause the video for a little bit For the for the possibility of a trade in numbers So stick around we'll be right back All right, welcome back ladies and gentlemen trade window is closed no deals were done the numbers in That order remain the same the next one box break is in the store. So check that out. Jasper's case breaks calm And we've got four boxes remaining.  Joe's hitting four one-of-ones tonight. Wow four. Wow Well, that's the line ladies gentlemen, you can select the over over or under Lines at three and a half slamming over An archives doesn't count I'll take the over on that we go All right, so first one out of the gate is gonna be Erasmus Dallin 81 out of two four nine So if you're not familiar with the random number block format, we go by that digit right there So that'll go to number one. It's for Joe this blank card here to hide the hits a little bit Next up is rookie auto patch Lucas Carlson 87 out of 249 It'll be for Kevin and the number seven nice rookie auto patch RAP rap and we've got Nolan foot four out of 25 three color patch not a graph That'll be for Mark and the number four and we've got Bobby or old legend Bobby or 11 out of 25 That's for Joe and the number one last spot mojo next one Couple more here. I think these should be both relics. I think yeah, there's Alexi Lafreniere, Keondry Miller Ilias Sarokin and Kiefer bellows six out of 25 four color quad relic for the Rangers and Islanders And no randomizer because just goes to that number that'll be for James and the number six and the last one here is Thomas Harley rookie card 27 out of 249 and that'll be for Kevin and seven Kevin with seven nice a lot of quality here in the cup hockey ladies and gentlemen, so we got another one-box break loaded up check it out Jasper's case breaks calm Thanks for watching. Thanks for breaking with us and Go Kings go


People recognize this as a consumer product story and what's happened here is that as people identify with the Warren Buffett thesis that this is a razor razor blade company the razor razor is the hard phone the razor blade is the revenue stream that comes from service which frankly wasn't even counted on initially as something that that apple had that I think could ultimately be very important is something that I have urged them to spend more time talking about I think that apple is still undervalued I think if it got to 180 200 we'd have to see what the earnings are because then I would not feel that it's just undervalued that's the first time I've said that I just don't want this talk to get so far ahead but it is valued at much less than Colgate than Proctor than Clorox and if you're going to value it versus consumer products then it does seem cheaper