I'm joined by five leaders of Canada's National Aboriginal Organizations. We had a terrific and I think a very productive meeting with the Premier's today. It went a little bit over time, I apologize to you for that, but we had lots to talk about, lots on the agenda. Thank you, Premier Clark. I also want to thank you for your very fine hospitality and for your great chairmanship of the meeting that we've had today. And I especially want to applaud you for steering the discussions towards action, from words to action. I think that was one of the most important aspects to me of the discussion that we had, because we have people try every year to implement the discussions that we've had, but today we were much more focused on how we are going to turn our words into action. I'd like to thank the other national Aboriginal leaders for the dialogue that occurred today, along with the Premier's. What is coming historically out of these meetings is the fact that it is bringing Aboriginal organizations closer together. It's bringing the Premier's and the Aboriginal leaders closer together, and we're starting to see cooperation on long-standing issues. We reached unanimous agreement amongst all of the Premier's and all of the national Aboriginal organizations around the table today. I do just want to end my comments by saying thank you, of course, to my fellow Premier's who aren't here, but in particular to the Aboriginal leaders who've joined us as well. I thought it was a very constructive, very frank meeting, and we were very focused on solutions and actions. I think that's the meeting that all of our constituents expect us to have, and I think we arrived at some of those outcomes today. We have a lot more work to do, but in addition to building relationships, we did come to some specific outcomes today as well.


Hi, let's start with the discussion of RFID technology and many other frequencies and markets that it covers RFID radio frequency identification can cover many frequency bands low frequency HF high frequency or UHF which stands for ultra high frequency So you may see Implementations and with low frequency and the 125 to 148 kilohertz band There's been applications there for animal tracking employee badges in some cases High frequency at 13.56 megahertz This is where you will also find NFC, which is a form of RFID Ultra high frequency at 433 megahertz. This is really an Area where we have powered active tags. So essentially you have a Two radios talking to each other and you can achieve distances much further up to a hundred meters in some cases and then ultra high frequency again, this is a we're rain RFID and we Resides and we're going to be talking about solutions here today And there are also other solutions in the 2.45 Five gigahertz range. So where does ST play in RFID? We play in a couple of areas in the high frequency area with NFC We have both readers and tags and we have other seminars You can attend that detail our solutions there and today we're going to concentrate on rain RFID solutions in the Ultra high frequency band Let's take a look at various wireless technologies that might be used for node tracking or gathering information in the IoT world So on the far right of the chart, we have various radios Bluetooth le Wi-Fi and Zigbee You know relatively mid-range expense on base stations and receivers But these are power devices. So there is not a passive receiver So that puts itself off and at a disadvantage for some markets where RFID technologies like NFC and rain RFID would be deployed NFC although relatively low cost Near field technology has a very short read range In that case rain RFID can read one to often 10 meters or more The cost of the base stations a little bit more, but the passive tag is a much lower cost and can be Deployed for many more tags in the field and often is a better choice for many markets that we'll go into today Let's take a look at rain RFID technology from a global perspective Although the reader design would be basically the same Everywhere What functions it performs like reading and writing from tags and the data that it may gather that stored in those tags It should be noted that this technology is not deployed the same frequency globally But you can use the STRU 3993 In all these different frequency bands around the globe Of course, there would be different certifications with different agencies per country that you designed your reader for Rain RFID readers can come in various forms They can be designed for different markets You could see They can be incorporated with a barcode reader for instance or attached to a mobile computer They can be dedicated devices or as in the lower right hand It could be a module that could be integrated into a more complex system Unlike the previous slide, which was mostly battery powered portable Readers for various markets the rain RFID can be fixed readers with the one to many antennas Which help increase coverage for the areas where they're deployed They might be designed with a power over ethernet Which makes it easier to install in that environment without the need to run electricity to the install point They could be designed for outdoor and rugged use as well Rain RFID is gaining popularity in many different markets and discovering new use cases every day You can see it in factory automation where you can optimize Manufacturing or tracking of components the retail industries had a big explosion of rain RFID deployment Inventory of items automatically with fixed readers is a popular use There's been recent deployments for automatic checkout and tracking of items Authentication and tolls has been a popular use over the years We've seen it in smart homes Transportation and tracking of items and containers and in health care, which will go into a little bit more detail Rain RFID has been deployed in the health care industry in recent years One of the most popular reasons is cost the control of medical cost and tracking of equipment reducing loss in the supply chain Due to tracking of items making sure medicines aren't expired Tracking of patient data making sure it's tested and evaluated officially Another industry that's seen deployment of rain RFID is the airlines For years the airlines have been looking for ways to reduce cost That's incurred due to loss baggage and then the IATA the International Air Transportation Association came up with resolution 753 Which to help force that along they were required to Track luggage at distinct points when the passenger handed over to the airline Loading on to the aircraft Delivering to the transfer area and return to the passenger and this is a case where the low cost of the rain RFID tags and The range that the readers could deploy Provided a perfect solution Let's look a little bit more at a rain RFID system as discussed previously when comparing different technologies the Rain reader emits energy which excites a tag or multiple tags in a field These tags can be used for various different applications for monitoring moisture light or power product exploration dates or Location location of a product the range which can be achieved can depend on the reader It can be dependent on the tag and we'll get into a little bit more detail of various factors The determined range on an upcoming slide the RFID system Encompasses both readers and tags. We've talked a lot about readers a little bit on tags So when we use the word tag, we're actually talking about a tag. I see That is designed with an antenna the antenna is on various different form factors could be paper could be the Clothing label could be as we discussed earlier in the trials for the aviation industry in a rugged tag That could be mounted on luggage They we've seen tags used For experimentation of tracking of small items. Obviously, this would be a small range could be designed into Other form factors that could be used in a more rugged environment So as I mentioned range is something I'm often asked about in a system and Want to direct answer and the answer is well, it depends the range that can be achieved has many factors one is we've talked about the power output of the Reader itself the type of antenna that's used with the reader could be a far field near field antenna It could be a linear polarized antenna with a more focused area Which might have a factor in coverage. It could be a circular polarized antenna So we've developed a tool to help you Figure out your RF coverage in your system where you can plug in the different factors of power And polarization and we're happy to share this with you to help optimize your system Now let's start to get into some of the exciting improvements to the ST RFID ecosystem solutions Let's start with the basic building block, which is the ST 25 R u 39 93 Which is a very flexible IC or system on a chip this suited for various different markets It provides multiple protocol support across the 840 to 960 megahertz UHF band It has support for frequency hopping low-level transmission coding low-level decode data framing and CRC checking and we'll get into a little bit more detail inside The ST 25 R u 39 93 integrated RFID reader is truly a system on a chip Has many features including internal LDOs for supply supply noise suppression It has a partially integrated loop filter can be designed with Different 20 megahertz external reference options for a TXO or low-cost crystal The receiver can be single-ended or differential as a spy interface Has debug pins to monitor receiving transmit communications and has a wide range of supply voltage for various applications Here's the pictorial view of the ST 25 R u 39 93 integrated architecture Highlighted some of the features on the previous slide on this slide. I'd like to point out There's a selectable either a zero DBM output out of the IC or a 20 DBM output There's integrated VCO and phase lock loop the framing Area for protocols and logic an on-board dual 24 byte FIFO direct access to the I and Q signals in the mixer And at ST we work with you we open up these registers and we allow complete access for Custom solutions that you might need to develop as you can see the 39 93 is an impressively integrated RFID reader solution but even with all that integration it performs very well on Power consumption you can see benchmarked against two of our chief competitors on a 3.3 volt 22 milli hundred amp battery for equal comparison how much better The IC performs and is well suited for portable reader design along with the IC a big part of the ecosystem that Brings your solution to market involves the evaluation boards and the enablement part of the enablements for the hardware starts with the software and We provide a pure Middleware software stack written in and CC that's compliant of course with the main UHF standard CPC UHF gen 2v2 ISO 6b the code is now common between Applications on the host and any embedded system. So this allows for easier debug and development and reproduction results This can be defined designed for multiple Systems including Windows could be Linux on a raspberry pi 3b board or it could be in As in the case of our development board on an embedded STM 32 device along with the software enablement we discussed the ST 25 are you 39 93 eval kit is available On board this kit has the STM 32 l 476 as discussed there's options to Have an external PA to have 29 dbm of power out or run off the internal PA for 18 dbm of power out Differential rx inputs are on the board There's the multiple antenna connectors and it is populated with both 20 megahertz tc xo and crystal Now let's get into some of the exciting performance improvements that are enabled by the ecosystem of the IC and the software solutions provided by ST We've made many improvements in our solution provided to improve performance least not of which is adaptive anti-collision algorithm Of course during a demo if you knew with a known population size You could have selected Q in advance for highest throughput, but a real-world environment you might encounter a situation with too many collisions Reducing throughput or too many empty slots, which is gives basically the same result so with previously we had a Static anti-collision algorithm now we have an advanced solution. That's optimized for throughput in In addition to anti-collision improvements other improvements were made also The UART speed was increased from 115 k bits to 3 megabits The firmware now has the ability to send available available data asynchronously This now this has given us the ability to increase the history on tags which allows you to have more inventory statistics tags timestamps and slot analysis counters Was employed with the different tari Gone from 25 Microsecond to 6.25 and so what does this do for you the end result is you want to be able to read tags faster and more Reliable, so with the movement from the 1.56 software to 1.88 or above We can exhibit a single tag reads Up to seven hundred and sixty tags per second and we can read 200 tags in a field In as little as five hundred and eighty five milliseconds So we're very excited to work with you enable your next reader design and Share with you these exciting performance enhancements so feel free to reach out to us and To close this Presentation today. We've prepared a short video that Highlights for you a little bit more detail these performance improvements and Included in that in the reference material will provide a link for this last little section. Thank you


Good day everyone, Rob Greenfield here and I am in Southern France. It's about getting just close to week three of the lockdown here and we're in the middle of the coronavirus pandemic and for a lot of people the world is a drastically different place than it was just a few weeks or a few months ago and a lot of people are rethinking everything, rethinking their lives and the way they've designed their lives and so today I want to talk about an interesting thing and that is toilet paper. You know a lot of us actually spend a good amount of our hard earned money on wiping our butts. Think about that for a second, we work at a job, many of us that we don't like where we'd rather be doing something else to make money to wipe our butts and it's not a minimal amount of money. Over a lifetime some people spend thousands of dollars to wipe their butts and their family's butts. So let's think about this. How can we stop wiping our butts with our money? And right now is a really important time to talk about this and the reason why is that you've seen aisles of toilet paper, the shelves of toilet paper just being emptied because of panic shopping and panic buying and the thing is this is not an isolated incident. The emptying of the shelves of toilet paper is something that's happened often when people are in panic situations. It's something that's happened plenty of times in the past and it's something that's likely to happen plenty of times in the future.  Important part about this is not chopping down trees. The environmental impact of toilet paper is huge. We chop down probably millions and millions of trees per year to make that toilet paper takes a huge amount of water to mill and to pulp those trees into toilet paper, a huge amount of electricity, most of which is made from fossil fuels and then to ship this stuff all over the place takes more fossil fuels.  So first of all how you can wipe your butt for free. Number one my favorite is grow your own toilet paper. In Florida where I lived and grew and forged 100% of my food I grew a plant called a blue spur flower. The genus in species is Plecranthus Barbatus and super soft. It was softer than anything you can buy at the store. It actually is in the mint family so it's got a wonderful mint smell and I know a lot of people love their wet wipes. Well I've got a special surprise for you if you love your wet wipes. On a dewy morning where the mist settles on that it actually has these fine hairs that trap that moisture and turn it into a wet wipe. So you have toilet paper and wet wipe in one depending on the day you could probably even miss the thing if you wanted to turn it into a wet wipe on a dry day. Very strong, durable and I actually found that I could pick them and set them next to my toilet for up to a week with them still holding their sturdiness and just a great size too about you know something like that as the leaves. So not to mention the fact that they attract pollinators. I had hummingbirds on my blue spur flower and butterflies. I mean we're talking about a fantasy plant here but it's not a fantasy it's a real thing. Plecranthus Barbatus grows in about zones 8 through 10 so not the colder climates however there's plenty of other toilet paper plants that can be grown in gardens or is growing wildly. Mullin is one of them M-U-L-L-E-I-N and there's also lambs ear like the softness of a lambs ear. There are many different plants you can grow them. If you go to robgreenfield.org slash toilet paper I have listed the plants that you can grow and have information about the blue spur flower. So number two I'm going to get into some ways to use water. So water in some places costs money so this isn't technically completely free but it's as close to free as possible. So you have the bidet and this is something that millions of people around the world have used for a very long time. A bidet squirts water and cleans without the need for toilet paper without the need to wipe. Now if you don't have a bidet those probably cost a decent amount to get one installed. The good news is there's other options. There's little units that you can actually install right onto your toilet that are very inexpensive that turn your regular old flush toilet into a bidet. There's other options too though. So the next option is called a bum gun. This is number three and it's a little hose like nozzle and you just spray and it does the same job as a bidet but you actually have to spray it. And then number four is a little kettle. So in parts of the world I know in India I was actually introduced to this by an Indian roommate and you just have a little metal kennel.  So that is a little kettle. Now a very makeshift one that you can make is a plastic bottle and you poke holes in the cap of plastic water bottle and then you just squeeze that and that works really great for camping but it could be used at home as well but if you are camping that's a beautiful little you know super light.  Also of course just showering. Now if you're a once a day pooper and you like to take your showers once a day this is perfect.  If you poop like five times a day like some people do five showers a day is not exactly ideal but that's five different ways that you can use water to clean your butt. And then there's also just if you have a sink right next to your toilet you can also just use that as well. You kind of need the ideal sink toilet location but plenty of billions of people around the world just use water.  So those are some water ones. So let's see I'm going to go back to some paper forms. Number five is actually a way to find toilet paper for free and that is dumpster diving at places that sell toilet paper like pharmacies. I've done a lot of dumpster diving to raise awareness about food waste and what I discovered is that many pharmacies will throw out the 12 packs or the 24 packs of toilet paper because either they get crushed or because I think someone steals one and they don't sell a 24 pack. On the other side they don't sell a 23 pack they sell 24 packs they toss out the whole thing and I can't tell you how many times I've found 12 packs or 24 packs of perfectly good toilet paper completely on you as we're talking about just one removed or the package is just squished. So dumpster diving at pharmacies. Now another idea that I came up with that I've never put to the test would be dumpster diving at the factories that make this stuff because if they have like misprints or like the wrong shape they might be thrown away in sane amounts. Most industries do make mistakes and throw away lots of things and I would imagine the toilet paper industry is probably similar. So dumpster diving for toilet paper is an excellent way. The next one is something that some people won't be comfortable with just because of the social stigma. Oh well a lot of people wouldn't be okay with the social stigma of dumpster diving for toilet paper either but gotta get over those social stigmas instead of just rethinking social stigmas is wiping your butt with your money better than rethinking social stigmas. For me it's about thinking about how I can live in a way that's beneficial to the earth my community and myself remove myself from the broken systems and to do that I have to go against the grain of society generally because the grain of society is more of a consumeristic spend your money have to make money way of doing things. So side note back to this one a lot of fast food restaurants when you buy a meal they give you five ten napkins and most people don't use all those napkins so what they do is often they just leave everything on the table and there's a stack of napkins and the people that come down to take those trays they don't put those napkins back they throw them away so you can go to these restaurants just walk in and just grab those napkins not mooching in any way these are napkins that would have gone to the landfill take those home cut them up if you just take scissors and cut around the edges so that it's not connected in all those pieces you just have nice squares you can make a big stack of those squares right by your toilet and in you know 10 or 15 minutes you can get a month's supply of toilet paper by doing that another way to wipe your butt for free is newspaper now newspaper is not my favorite way it's not the softest it's not the softest I mean I love growing my own toilet paper so honestly the newspaper thing is something that I've rarely done but I have and I should say that every one of these suggestions that I'm giving I have done so these are personal first hand and also first hand of many many many people around the world so newspaper very simple an important thing to mention is that you can only put into your toilet what should be flushed what should be in that system so growing your own toilet paper probably most of those leaves not going to be good for the septic system newspaper not good for the septic system or the wastewater plant so things that aren't flushable you have to you there's a couple things you can do first of all ideally have a compost toilet and then any of those things can go right into the compost and create soil and that way you're solving a lot of other problems and creating creating nutritious soil for growing food but the other options with that are you can just throw it in the garbage can and you know so if you go to places like Mexico for example most of the toilets just have a garbage can next to them and they throw the toilet paper in there not flush it so this would be no different you would just have a garbage can for the toilet paper and you could throw that away but the better thing to do is you don't need to have a compost toilet you can just have next to your next to your toilet you can have a bin for these papers and then you can compost that paper so you can figure out a way where there's a will there is a way but you shouldn't flush those things I'm pretty certain of that now actually even better than those and I should have mentioned this one at the very top because this is a really really great way to do it and that is to have reusable wipes so cloth pads now there's a lot of people out there you who use cloth diapers for their children for their babies and this is no different than that you basically take cloth one thing you can do is you can take old t-shirts you cut them into squares like toilet paper and you wipe your butt with them and then you have a little you know basket next to your toilet and then you wash them so these are you know washable cloth reusable toilet paper makes a lot of sense again for some people that might seem kind of weird but the reality is is it works really well and a lot of people do it and it's no crazier than having to change kids diapers and it's very much in alignment with just using reusable diapers okay last couple now I'm going to transition on to more of the woodsy wiping these are things that I would do more likely in when I'm out in nature camping rather than at home so one is smooth rocks smooth smooth rocks are a wonderful way to wipe the butt you take that smooth rock you wipe and this is done using the leave no trace ethics so this is not pooping all over the place for other people to step in or anything like that you have to dig a hole bury this and have the poop be in the ground not exposed so you want to practice leave no trace ethics and just look that up in fact I will have a link to leave no trace in this in the description of this video and then the other one is leaves so finding the right leaves in nature you don't have to grow your own they are already there and you can forage those and use them and you can actually take homes take leaves home with you as well so those are some of the ways to wipe your butt for free I listed 10 plus a bonus 3 I think and one really important thing to say is that of course whatever way you do this you have to practice good hygiene poop can transfer can transfer worms it can transfer bacteria that can make you very sick so it's very important to practice good hygiene no matter what some people might watch this video and just think that I'm talking about really nearly pooping all over the place or not washing your hands after touching poop no that's not what I'm talking about at all every single thing that I've mentioned can be done in a hygienic way and a hygienic way that doesn't destroy the earth that we live on because toilet paper might seem hygienic but is it hygienic to chop down our forests burn fossil fuels and litter our interstates and our highways and our roads with trucks full of toilet paper is that really hygienic when you look at the bigger picture no it's not it isolates the ability for something to appear hygienic but when you extrapolate it out to the billions of millions of billions of people on earth it's not hygienic at all in fact it is a centerpiece to the you know destruction to the world that we are causing and so those are some of my suggestions for you all of these and links with more information is at robgreenfield.org slash toilet paper so I have information about the plants that I mentioned about dumpster diving for toilet paper about the the bum gun and the bidet and and all of that at robgreenfield.org slash toilet paper so right now this is a very poignant time to rethink things to change things and a great way is to start with your toilet paper something very near and dear to a lot of us if you got a lot out of this video if you learned a lot please share it if you have friends and family that you think should see it share it with them to help get this out in the YouTube algorithm click the like or the thumbs up and comment and if you have questions ask them and I'll try to answer a bunch of them and say hello and then of course if you are not subscribed to this channel if you got a lot out of this there's a lot more to come and you can watch my previous videos there's a lot there but subscribe and so here's to you here's to thinking outside of the box thinking deeper and along the lines of today not wiping our butts with our money anymore I love you all very much and I'm wishing you comfort and happiness and health and strength to make it through these times and not just make it through these times but to come out better human beings all right love you all see you soon